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NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 


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LIT-ERARY   MEN,    GENERAL   READERS,    ETC. 


"When  found,  make  a  note  of." — CAPTAIN  CUTTI.E. 


THIRD      SERIES. —VOLUME     FOURTH. 
JULY  —  DECEMBER  1863. 


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3**  S.  IV.  JULY  4,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JULY*,  1863. 

CONTENTS.— N°.  79. 

NOTES  •  —  Early  Scottish  Printers,  1  —  Sir  Walter  Ralegh : 
Inedited  Letter,  3  —  Archbishop  Harsnet  and  Bishop 
Ken,  Ib. 

MINOS  NOTES:  — Miss  Vane:  Disappointed  Love  — Burn- 
ing Alive  —  Swift :  "  Tale  of  a  Tub  "  —  Anniversary  of 
Drmnclog— Fulke  Greville,  Esq.,  and  Frances  his  Wife,  4. 

QUERIES :  —  St.  Mary  Matfelon :  "  Virgin!  Pariturse,"  5  — 
Higgs,  Hall,  and  Waterland,  6  — Apsley:  Strickland: 
-Wynne  —  Bells  of  Spain  —  Black  Monday  —  Blownorton 
Clock  —  Country  Residence  —  Cromwell  Memorial  —  The 
Dudleys  of  Coventry  —  John  Dyon  —  Flodden  Field  — 
Knighthood  —  Law  of  Adultery — Luther — Mary  Queen 
of  Scots'  Letter  to  Queen  Elizabeth  —  Monumental  Brass 

—  Pizarro's  Coat  of  Arms  —  The  Rising  in  the  North  — 
A  Scottish  Colony  in  France  —  Snuff- Bozes  presented  by 
Queen  Anne  —  Mr.  Stafford  —  Alessandro   Stradella  — 
Attack  on  Prince  of  Wales  —  Tenbury  Wells,  6 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  Who  was  Sedechias  ?  —  Bibli- 
cal Queries :  Proverbs  xxvi.  8  —  Fly-Leaf  Scribblings  — 
Passage  in  Vallancey  —  Royal  Arms  of  Spain  —  Year -Book 

—  Anonymous  —  Thomas  Earl  of  Cleveland  —  Waterloo 
Medals,  9. 

REPLIES :  —  The  Knights  Hospitallers,  &c.,  11  —  Source  of 
the  Nile,  13 — Sermons  upon  Inoculation,  Ib.  —  French  Le- 
gend, 14  —  The  Looking  Glass,  15  —  Bainbridge,  Ib.  —  Tot- 
tenham, M.P.  —  Goldsmith  Club  — Time— William  Mar- 
shall—  Sheriffs  of  Cornwall — Turning  the  Cat  in  the  Pan 

—  Ploughs  in  Churches  —  Gentilhomme:  Nobilis  —  Denti- 
tion in  Old  Age — "Crush  a  Cup:"  "Crack  a  Bottle"  — 
Chaucer  and  his  Editor,  Thynne  —  The  Danish  Invaders  — 
Sir  Charles  Calthrope  —  Greek  and  Roman  Games  —  Epi- 
taph in  Lavenham  Churchyard  —  Cold  in  June — Prover- 
bial Query—"  The  Council  of  Ten,"  17. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


EARLY  SCOTISH  PRINTERS. 
The  following  curious  entry  relative  to  the  ex- 
emption from  taxation  of  the  widow  of  Walter 
Chepman,  the  earliest  Scotish  printer,  is  copied 
from  a  note-book  of  a  deceased  eminent  genea- 
logical antiquary,  who  extracted  it  from  the 
records : — 

"  Provost,  baillies,  connsale,  and  committee  of  our 
burgh  of  Edinburgh,  we  greit  you  weill ;  forsamekill  as 
•we  of  before  be  cure  utheris  letteres  under  our  privie 
seal  and  signete  exemit  cure  lovit,  oratoure  and  wedo, 
Agnes  Cokburne,  the  relict  of  unquhile  Walter  Chep- 
man, burges  of  cure  said  burgh,  of  all  payingis  of  onie 
taxis,  stents,  dewties,  or  otheris  contributio'ne  within  the 
samyn  during  hir  liftime,  as  oure  saidis  letteris  mair 
fullelie  preportis,  &c. :  nor  the  leise  *  as  we  ar  informit 
ze  nou  askis  and  crauis  fra  hir  ane  certain  soume  of 
money  in  name  of  text  to  the  biging  of  oure  park.t  his 
majesty  of  new  exemis  hir  fra  ony  taxis,  stentis,  dewties, 
or  contributiounis  within  our  said  burgh,  or  any  taxt  to 
the  bigeing  of  oure  said  park,  in  tyme  to  cum." 

The  date  is  the  4th  of  February,  in  the  twenty, 
eighth  year  of  his  majesty's  reign.  James  died 
upon  the  15th  December,  1542,  having  reigned 
nine-and-twenty  years. 

This  grant  of  exemption  to  the  widow  of  Chep- 
man is  an  interesting  instance  of  this  accomplished 


*  Nevertheless. 

t  What  is  now  termed  the  King's  Park,  beside  Iloly- 
rooa  House. 


prince's  love  of  literature.  The  wonderful  rarity 
of  books  issuing  from  the  press  of  Walter  Chep- 
man and  his  partner  Andro  Millar  can  only  be 
explained  by  the  subsequent  burning  of  Edin- 
burgh by  the  English,  and  the  great  fire  that 
occurred  in  1700 ;  and  which  consumed  that  por- 
tion of  the  city  which,  in  all  probability,  was  the 
emporium  of  books,  viz.  the  Parliament  Square. 
The  collection  of  tracts  in  the  Library  of  the 
Faculty  of  Advocates,  printed  by  Chepman  and 
Millar,  is  unique.  A  lac-simile  copy  was  taken 
some  years  since;  and  what  is  certainly  odd 
enough,  the  whole  impression  was  nearly  con- 
sumed by  a  fire  which  broke  out  in  the  workshop 
of  Mr.  Andrew  Thomson,  an  eminent  Edinburgh 
bookbinder,  with  whom  the  copies  had  been  de- 
posited to  be  put  in  boards.  Several  were  totally 
destroyed;  but  the  greater  portion  was  saved, 
burnt  in  the  margin.  By  the  process  of  inlaying, 
a  sufficient  number  were  completed  to  satisfy  the 
demands  of  the  few  individuals  who  take  an  in- 
terest in  such  matters.  Four  copies  alone,  which 
had  not  been  in  Mr.  Thomson's  shop,  were  unin- 
jured. Copies  are  now  exceedingly  rare,  and 
usually  bring,  when  occurring  for  sale,  from  four 
to  five  guineas.  The  Breviary  of  Aberdeen  is  the 
only  other  book,  printed  by  Chepman  and  Millar, 
now  known  to  exist.  Two  perfect  copies  have 
been  preserved :  one  in  the  Faculty,  and  the 
other  in  the  University  Library  of  Edinburgh. 
It  is  in  two  volumes,  very  beautifully  printed. 
A  single  volume  has,  it  is  understood,  turned  up 
in  the  North.  There  is  a  reprint  of  this  valuable 
work,  of  which  copies  were  taken  on  Bannatyne 
Club  paper.  Mr.  David  Laing,  librarian  of  the 
Writers  to  the  Signet — whose  knowledge  in  all 
matters  relative  to  the  literature  of  his  native 
county  is  so  well  known — subsequently  furnished 
an  Introduction. 

The  early  Scotish  printers  have  been  very  un- 
fortunate in  the  preservation  of  specimens  of  their 
press :  indeed,  prior  to  1600,  books  printed  in 
St.  Andrew's,  or  Edinburgh,  were  rarissimi.  Even 
years  after  that  date,  they  are  almost  equally 
rare.  Thus,  of  Andro  Hart's  edition  of  The 
Bruce,  printed  in  1616,  one  perfect  copy  alone  is 
known  — that  in  the  Bodleian  being  defective. 
The  one  mentioned  as  quite  perfect  was  brought 
to  light  upon  the  dispersion  of  the  magnificent 
library  which  had  been  accumulated  from  time  to 
time  by  the  ancient  family  of  Anstruther  of  An- 
struther ;  and  carefully  preserved  at  Elie  House, 
in  Fifeshire.  For  the  condition,  as  well  as  rarity, 
this  collection  was  unrivalled — at  least,  in  Scot- 
land. This  supposed  unique  edition  was  purchased 
by  me,  and  is  referred  to  by  Mr.  C.  Innes  in 
the  edition  of  The  Bruce,  printed  under  his  su- 
perintendence for  the  use  of  the  Members  of  the 
Spalding  Club. 

Another  Scotish  poem,  noticed  in  Herbert's 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  JULY  4,  'G3. 


edition  of  Ames,  was  supposed  for  a  long  time  to 
have  perished ;  some  years  since,  it  unexpectedly 
reappeared.  Before  the  alterations  upon  the  Ad- 
vocates' Library  were  made,  in  one  of  the  middle 
rooms  below,  where  the  receipts  for  books  bor- 
rowed were  kept,  there  was  a  flight  of  stairs 
leading  upwards  to  a  large  closet  in  which  coals, 
fuel,  and  waste  paper  were  deposited.  In  it  also 
a  quantity  of  old  books  were  heaped;  usually 
when  paper  was  wanted,  it  was  obtained  there. 
Once,  upon  a  day  when  that  commodity  was  re- 
quired, an  under-librarian  ascended  the  stairs, 
and  brought  back  an  old  quarto  play.  This  led 
to  a  conjecture  that  there  might  be  other  articles 
worth  preservation  in  the  same  place.  Several 
volumes  were  then  disinterred :  some  of  value, 
some  valueless.  But  amongst  these,  was  a  thick 
dirty  looking  book,  in  small  quarto.  Upon  look- 
ing over  it,  my  astonishment  may  be  conceived, 
when  the  first  thing  that  attracted  notice  was  the 
uncommonly  rare  Information  for  Pylgrymes  unto 
the  Holy  Lande,  printed  by  Wynken  de  Worde ; 
and  subsequently  reprinted  for  the  Roxburghe 
Club.  This  led  to  a  further  investigation  of  the 
contents,  when  the  following  singularly  rare  works 
were  also  discovered  :" — 

1.  "  The  Abbay  of  the  holy  Ghost."  With  a  fine  impres- 
sion of  a  woodcut  of  the  Crucifixion  on  the  back  of  the 
title.    It  is  "  Emprynted  at  Westmynster,  by  Wynken  de 
Worde."    N.D. 

2.  "  Here  begynneth  a  lytell  treatyse  named  the  bowge 
of  Courte."    In  verse,  with  a  curious  woodcut  on  title. 
"  Thus  endeth  the  bowge  of  Courte.     Emprynted  at 
Westmynstre  by  me,  Wynken  the  (sic)  Worde." 

3.  "  Here  begynnyth  ye  temple  of  Glas."    Title  want- 
ing.   It  has  Caxton's  device  at  end ;  but  was  evidently 
printed  by  Wynken  de  Worde. 

4.  "  The  moost  excellent  treatise  of  the  Thre  Kynges 
of  Coleyne."    On  the  title-page  is  a  very  excellent  wood- 
cut of  the  Virgin  and  Child,  receiving  offerings  from  the 
Kings ;  and  on  the  back,  the  same  woodcut  of  the  Cruci- 
fixion as  occurs  in  the  first  article  described.    It  is  defec- 
tive of  the  last  leaf;  but  is  undoubtedly  a  production  of 
Wynken  de  Worde's  press. 

5.  "  Mons  Perfectionis ;  otherwyse,  in  Englysshe,  '  the 
hylle  of  perfeccyon.' "     Woodcut  of  a  bishop*,  probably 
Alcock,  Bishop  of  Ely,  the  author,  on  front,  and  the  pre- 
ceding cut  of  the  Crucifixion  on  the  reverse  of  title.  "  Em- 
prynted at  Westmynstre,  by  Wynken  de  Worde,  the  yere 
of  our  lorde  M.CCCCLXXXXVII  ;  and  in  the  yere  of  vc  revgne 
of  the  moost  vyctorious  Prynce,  our  moost  naturall  soue- 
rayne  lorde  Henry  the  seventh,  at  the  instauuce  of  the 
reuerende  fader  Thomas  Pryour  of  the  house  of  Saynt 
Anne,  yc  ordre  of  the  chartrouse,  and  fynyshed  the  xxii 
day  of  the  moneth  of  Maye  in  the  yere  aboue  sayd."  Then 
follows  a  rude  woodcut  of  the  Ascension. 

This,  with  the  Informacyon,  is  a  list  of  the 
six  singularly  rare  English  articles  in  the  volume. 
The  seventh  was  the  long  lost  poem  of  Rauf  Corl- 
zear,  in  perfect  condition  and  admirable  pre- 
servation :  "  Heire  beginnis  the  taill  of  Rauf 
Coilzear,  how  he  harbreit  King  Charlis."  Then 
follows  two  heads  coarsely  cut  in  wood,  and  hav- 
ing no  apparent  connexion  with  the  work  itself. 


"  Imprentit  at  Sanct  Androis  by  Robert  Lek- 
preuik,  anno  1572." 

The  discovery  was  immediately  communicated 
to  the  late  Dr.  Irving,  the  learned  librarian  of 
the  Faculty  of  Advocates,  who  had  been  recently 
elected  to  that  office.  The  coal-hole,  as  it  may 
properly  be  termed,  was  thereupon  searched,  and 
some  other  articles  turned  up ;  but  none  of  ex- 
traordinary rarity.  The  volume  was  immediately 
taken  down,  and  each  article  bound  separately  in 
red  morocco  by  Mr.  Abraham  Thomson  —  the 
best  bookbinder  at  that  time  in  Scotland;  and 
they  are  now  carefully  preserved  in  the  Faculty 
Library.  To  prevent  the  chance  of  the  disap- 
pearance of  Rauf  Coilzear  again,  a  reprint  was 
made  under  the  editorial  care  of  David  Laing, 
Esq.,  and  forms  a  portion  of  that  valuable  collec- 
tion of  early  Scotch  poetry  which  that  gentleman 
gave  to  the  world,  and  to  which  the  reader  is 
referred. 

A  great  many  of  the  productions  of  our  Scotch 
printers  have  almost  entirely  disappeared.  Thus, 
Robert  Smyth  ("  Librar.  Burgess  of  Edinburgh," 
who  died  on  the  1st  of  May,  1602),  from  his  will, 
which  has  been  printed  in  the  Bannatyne  Miscel- 
lany (vol.  ii.  p.  233),  is  proved  to  have  published 
numerous  works.  Yet  no  single  volume  of  his 
was  known  to  exist  until  within  these  few  years, 
when  a  volume  was  discovered,  consisting  of  a 
fraction  of  Cicero's  works.  Amongst  these  were 
four  Books  of  the  Epistles,  wanting  the  title,  but 
with  the  printer's  device  at  the  end :  an  odd  one 
sure  enough,  being  a  coarse  delineation  of  a  por- 
poise, mounted  upon  a  salmon,  in  a  river  (perhaps 
the  Forth),  and  a  building  upon  a  hill  in  the 
background.  The  imprint  is  :  "  Edenburgi  apud 
Robertuni  Smythium,  anno  Do.  1583,"  12mo.  The 
other  contents  were  the  treatise  "De  officiis," 
printed  by  "Johannes  Kyngstonus,  1574;"  and 
a  separate  appendix  of  notes  by  Erasmus,  Me- 
lancthon,  and  Latomus. 

At  the  period  of  Smyth's  demise,  his  will  in- 
structs that  there  was  in  his  stock  1275  copies  of 
the  "Select  Epistillis  of  Cicero;"  and  having 
been  both  printer  and  publisher,  he  must  have 
sold  numerous  copies  before  his  demise.  Never- 
theless but  one  copy,  and  that  defective  of  the  title, 
has  as  yet  been  found.  This  has  undoubtedly 
arisen  from  its  being  a  school-book;  and  meet- 
ing with  the  usual  fate  that  befalls  productions 
of  that  class.  But  Smyth  was  not  merely  the 
publisher  of  school-books :  for  we  find,  in  the 
enumeration  of  his  stock,  232  "  Gray  Steillis," 
not  one  of  which  is  now  supposed  to  be  in  ex- 
istence. Indeed,  until  the  discovery  of  a  more 
modern  edition,  the  poem  was  supposed  to  have 
been  lost.  What  has  become  of  his  1034  "  Dundee 
Psalms,"  his  743  "Fabillis  of  Isope,"  and  various 
other  works  ?  They  seem  to  have  perished  en- 
tirely ;  and  his  device  exists  only,  so  far  as  is  at 


3rd  S.  IV.  JULY  4,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


present  known,  in  the  presumed  unique  copy  of 
the  "Select  Epistillis  of  Cicero."  ^ 

Robert  Charteris  printed  that  singular  dramatic 
production,  called  Philotus,  in  1603 ;  of  which  a 
beautiful  reprint  in  black-letter  was  presented 
to  the  Members  of  the  Bannatyne  Club  by  J. 
Whitefoord  Mackenzie,  Esq.  At  the  end  of  this 
"  delectable  Treatise,"  Charteris  intimates  to  the 
public  that  he  has  "  prentit  soudrie  vther  delect- 
abell  discourses  undernamit,  sic  as  are  Sir  David 
Lyndesayis  play,  the  Preistis  of  Pebles  with  merie 
Tailos,  the  1'reiris  of  Berwick,  and  Bilbo." 

The  first  three  works,  though  extremely  rare, 
have  come  down  to  us.  But  what  has  become  of 
"  Bilbo  "  ?  Has  any  person  ever  seen  it  ?  J.  M. 


SIR  WALTER  RALEGH:  INEDITED  LETTER. 

Much  correspondence  has  recently  taken  place 
in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  on  the  subject  of  Sir 
Walter  Ralegh's  arms.  The  following  highly 
characteristic  letter  of  this  famous  though  arro- 

fant  man — which  is  preserved  among  the  Lambeth 
ISS.  (No.  605,  140),  and  has,  I  believe,  never 
before  been  printed — will,  doubtless,  be  interest- 
ing. It  will  be  remembered  that  Sir  Walter 
Ralegh  received  an  extensive  grant  of  lands  in 
Ireland;  parcel  of  the  forfeited  estates  of  the  un- 
fortunate Gerald,  Earl  of  Desmond.  The  grant 
consisted,  I  believe,  of  some  40,000  acres,  lying 
chiefly  in  the  valley  of  the  Blackwater.  At  the 
time  this  letter  was  written,  Sir  Walter  was  en- 
gaged in  building  a  house,  I  think,  at  Lismore. 
The  letter  was  addressed  to  his  kinsman,  Sir 
George  Carew,  then  Master  of  the  Ordnance  in 
Ireland,  afterwards  Baron  Carew  and  Earl  of 
Totnes. 

"  CDSSEX  GEORGE, — for  my  retrait  from  the  court,  it 
was  uppoii  good  cause  to  take  order  for  my  prize ;  if  in 
Irlande  they  thinke  y'  I  am  not  worth  the  respectinge, 
they  shall  much  deceve  them  sealvs.  I  am  in  place  to  be 
beleved  not  inferior  to  any  man  to  pleasure  or  displeasure 
the  greatest,  and  my  oppinion  is  so  receved  and  beleved 
as  I  can  anger  the  best  of  them ;  and,  therefore,  if  the 
deputy  be  not  as  reddy  to  stead  mee  as  I  have  bynn  to 
defend  hyme,  be  it  as  it  may;  when  Sr  William  fittz 
Williams  shalbe  in  ingland,  I  take  my  sealfe  furr  his 
better  by  the  honourable  offices  I  hold,  as  also  by  that 
nereness  to  her  Maiestye  wch  still  I  inioy  and  never  more. 
I  am  willinge  to  contineu  towards  hyme  all  frendly  offices, 
and  I  doubt  not  of  the  like  from  hyme,  as  well  towards  mee 
as  my  frinds ;  this  mich  I  desere  he  should  vnderstand, 
and  for  my  p«  there  shalbe  nothinge  wantinge  yl  be- 
cometh  a  frinde ;  nether  can  I  but  hold  my  sealf  most 
kii:dly  dealt  withall  by  hym  heatherto,  of  wch  I  desere 
the  continuance.  I  have  deserved  all  his  curteses  in  the 
hiest  degree.  For  the  sutes  of  Lesmore,  I  will  shortly 
send  over  order  from  the  Queen  for  a  dismis  of  their 
cavelacions ;  and  so  1  pray  cleale  as  the  matter  may  be 
respeted  for  a  tyme,  and  commd  mee  to  Mr  Sollicitoi%  \vth 
many  thancks  for  his  frindly  deling  therin,  and  I  assure 
you  on  myne  honor  I  have  deserved  it  att  his  hande  in 


place  wher  it  may  most  steed  hyme :  for  haydinge,  I  will 
send  vnto  you  mony  by  exchange  wth  all  possible  spead, 
az  well  to  pay  hyme  (if  he  suffer  the  recoverye)  as  all 
others ;  and  till  then  I  pray  if  my  builders  want,  supply 
them.  I  look  for  you  here  this  springe,  and  if  possible  I 
may  I  will  return  wth  you.  The  Queen  thinkes  ye  George 
Carew  longes  to  see  her ;  and  therefore  see  her  for  once, 
noble  George,  my  frinde  and  kinsman,  from  whom  nor 
tyme  nor  fortune  nor  adversely  shall  ever  sever  mee. 

"  W.  RALEAGH. 
"  the  xxviij  (  ?)  of  Decembr." 

(Superscribed) — 
"  To  my  lovinge  Cussen,  Sr 

George  Carew,  Mr  of 
the  Ordinance  in.  Irland."  (Indorsed) 

"  Raleghe,  the  28th 
of  December,  1589." 

JOHN  MACLEAN. 


ARCHBISHOP  HARSXET  AXD  BISHOP  KEN. 

The  investigator  after  remarkable  coincidences 
will  be  struck  with  the  resemblance  of  a  clause  in 
the  wills  of  Archbishop  Harsnet  and  Bishop  Ken, 
who,  like  Ridley,  Hooker,  and  Jeremy  Taylor,  so 
unflinchingly  advocated  and  ably  defended  the 
One  Catholic  and  Apostolic  Faith. 

Samuel  Harsnet,  a  native  of  Colchester,  was  of 
Pembroke  Hall,  Cambridge,  a  little  after  Spenser 
and  Harvey.  In  1609  he  became  Bishop  of  Cbi- 
chester;  in  1619  of  Norwich;  and  in  1628  Arch- 
bishop of  York.  Echard  says  of  him,  that  he  was 
"  a  learned  and  judicious  divine,  and  the  first  per- 
haps who  used  the  noted  expression  of  Conform- 
able Puritans,  such  as  conformed  out  of  policy, 
and  dissented  in  their  judgments."  The  following 
passage  was  written,  as  it  were,  with  the  Arch- 
bishop's dying  hand,  the  will  being  dated  February 
13,  1631,  and  he  departed  this  life  on  May  25,  of 
the  same  year :  — 

"  I  die  in  the  ancient  faith  of  the  true  Catholick  and 
Apostolick  Church,  called  the  Primitive  Church,  that 
faith  as  it  was  professed  by  the  ancient  Holy  Fathers 
next  after  the  Blessed  Apostles,  the  great  renowned  pil- 
lars of  the  same,  and  signed  and  sealed  with  their  blood ; 
renouncing  from  my  heart  all  modern  Popish  supersti- 
tions, and  all  novelties  of  Geneva,  not  accordant  with  the 
maxims  of  the  Primitive  renowned  Church,  relying  and 
resting  my  sinful  soul  upon  the  alone  merits  of  Christ 
Jesus,  mine  only  Saviour  and  most  Blessed  Redeemer,  to 
Whom  be  all  praise,  honour,  and  glory,  world  without 
end." 

Thomas  Ken  was  born  at  Berkhamstead  in 
Hertfordshire  in  July,  1637,  and  educated  at  Win- 
chester School  and  New  College,  Oxford.  On 
Jan.  25,  1685-6,  he  was  consecrated  Bishop  of 
Bath  and  Wells.  Although  for  bis  fidelity  to  the 
Church  he  was  incarcerated  in  the  Tower  of  Lon- 
don by  his  lawful  sovereign,  James  II.,  he  never- 
theless, to  keep  his  conscience  void  of  offence 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  JULY  4,  '63. 


towards  God  and  man,  refused  the  oaths  of  alle- 
giance to  the  Prince  of  Orange,  commonly  called 
William  the  Third,  and  was  accordingly  de- 
prived by  the  State  of  his  episcopal  throne  on 
Feb.  1,  1691-2.  He  died  at  Long-Leate  on 
March  19,  1711-12,  and  was  buried  at  Froome- 
Selwood,  in  the  churchyard  under  the  east  win- 
dow of  the  chancel,  just  at  sun-rising*,  without 
any  manner  of  pomp  or  ceremony.  In  his  will 
are  these  memorable  words  :  — 

"As  for  my  religion,  I  die  in  the  Holy  Catholick  and 
Apostolick  Faith,  professed  by  the  whole  Church  before 
the  disunion  of  East  and  West :  more  particularly  I  die 
in  the  Communion  of  the  Church  of  England,  as  it  stands 
distinguished  from  all  Papal  and  Puritan  innovations, 
and  as  it  adheres  to  the  doctrine  of  the  Cross." 

Precious  indeed  is  the  death  of  God's  saints, 
and  rich  the  reminiscences  of  their  last  sayings. 

J.  Y. 

Barnsbury. 


Miss  VANE  :  DISAPPOINTED  LOVE.  — 

"  The  teeming  mother,  anxious  for  her  race, 
Begs  for  each  birth  the  *  fortune  of  a  face ; ' 
Yet  Vane  can  tell  what  ills  from  beauty  spring, 
And  Sedley  cursed  the  charms  that  pleased  a  king." 

Johnson. 

Miss  Vane  was  mistress  to  Frederic  Prince  of 
Wales,  and  afterwards  to  Lord  Hervey.  From 
the  following  lines,  written  by  her,  it  may  be  in- 
ferred that  her  unfortunate  course  was  owing  to  a 
disappointment  in  love.  Lord  Lincoln,  of  whom 
she  seems  to  have  been  deeply  enamoured,  married 
Miss  Pelham :  — 
"  I  once  was  blessed  with  all  that  Heaven  could  give, 

To  Pope  and  Murray  read  from  morn  to  eve ; 

For  them  I  scorn'd  th'  embroider'd  eldest  son, 

Tho'  many  courted,  I  ne'er  minded  one : 

Liked  no  Amyntor  but  in  Tasso's  strain, 

While  Pastor  Fido  was  my  constant  swain. 

Intent  alone  my  joys  in  books  to  find, 

And  all  my  wishes — an  accomplished  mind. 
My  wish  arrived,  and  just  when  happy  made, 

Lincoln  steps  in,  and  love  must  be  obeyed. 

Lincoln  (so  Fate  ordained),  my  bliss  supreme ! 

My  mid-day  sentiment  and  midnight  dream ! 

Good-humour,  beauty,  wit,  and  radiant  youth, 

With  the  too  specious  charms  of  seeming  truth, 

Conspired  to  make  the  hero  all  divine  — 

Conspired  to  make  me  wish  the  hero  mine. 

*  The  thoughtful  reader  need  scarcely  to  be  reminded 
of  the  concluding  lines  which  Dr.  Donne  requested  to  be 
placed  on  his  monument  as  an  epitaph:  "Hie,  licet  in 
occiduo  cinere,  aspicit  eum  cujus  nomen  est  Oriens : " 
And  here,  though  set  in  dust,  he  beholdeth  Him  whose 
name  is  the  Rising.  Alluding,  says  Dr.  Zoucb,  to  the 
position  of  Dr.  Donne  looking  eastward,  and  to  the 
famous  passage  in  Zeehariah  vi.  12,  "  Behold  the  Man 
whose  name  is  the  Branch,"  which  the  Septuagint  Greek  ! 
and  Vulgate  Latin  render  "  whose  name  is  the  East,"  or 
"the  Rising." 


As  swift  as  Maia's  feather'd  son  he  moved, 

And  sigh'd,  and  danc'd,  and  talk'd,  and  laugh'd,  and 

lov'd : 

In  notes  more  sweet  than  Philomela  sings, 
He  said  a  thousand  —  looked  ten  thousand  things. 
Gods !  how  he  look'd !  when  to  my  ravish'd  sight 
My  sire  first  show'd  him,  as  the  north  star  bright ;  — 
Ah,  were  he  fixed  as  that !  but,  light  as  air, 
He  quits  his  vows,  and  seeks  another  fair ; 
E'en  now,  regardless  of  my  sense  and  charms, 
He  flies  to  Pelham's,  happy  Pelham's  arms. 

Oh,  aid  me  Murray !  call  my  wandering  swain, 
Thy  tuneful  tongue  should  never  call  in  vain. 
Thine  eloquence  and  elocution  move, 
To  plead  the  sweetest  cause,  the  cause  of  love ; 

But  see !  he  flies  us  both ;  nor  Murray  hears, 
Nor  heeds  my  wit,  nor  yet  regards  my  tears ! 

Then  farewell  Hope !  my  much  loved  books  adieu ! 
Avaunt  Philosophy,  and  Murray  too ! 
Lincoln,  dear  Lincoln !  weds  this  fatal  night ; 
Pope !  I  deny  '  Whatever  is,  is  right  I ' 

"  Oct.  5, 1744."—  Scots  Mag.  vol.  xxxix.  p.  212. 

W.  D. 

BURNING  ALIVE.  —  Our  ancestors  were  not  per- 
fect, neither  are  we,  but  I  am  sometimes,  as  a 
good  antiquarian,  at  a  loss  to  understand  the 
passion  which  so  many  of  us  exhibit  for  painting 
our  fathers  in  the  blackest  colours,  and  ourselves 
in  the  brightest. 

Mr.  Phillimore,  in  the  declamatory  lecture 
which  he  addresses  us  respecting  the  barbarism  of 
the  reign  of  George  III.,  tells  us,  among  other 
horrid  things,  how  "  women  were  burnt  alive  by 
the  deliberate  sentence  of  the  law."  (History  of 
the  Reign  of  George  the  Third,  book  i.  p.  50.) 

Women  were  no  more  burnt  alive  under  George 
III.  than  they  are  under  his  granddaughter. 
This  subject  has  been  repeatedly  discussed  in  your 
columns.  The  mode  of  execution  of  women  for 
"  petit  treason "  was  by  strangulation ;  the  body 
only  was  burnt. 

Strangely  enough,  Mr.  Phillimore  cites  three 
instances.  One  from  the  Annual  Register  for  1777, 
p.  168,  which  is  not  there,  neither  can  I  find  it. 
One  from  the  Annual  Register  for  1773  (quoted  at 
p.  68  of  his  work)  :  "  Elizabeth  Herring  was  burnt 
alive.  All  the  details  are  given,  Ann.  Reg.  p.  131." 
This  reference  is  as  incorrect  as  the  other.  But 
at  p.  461  of  that  volume  I  find  it  stated,  that  the 
method  of  executing  Mrs.  Herring  this  day  for 
the  murder  of  her  husband  was  as  follows :  "  She 
was  placed  on  a  stool,  with  a  rope  round  her  neck 
fastened  to  a  stake;  the  stool  was  taken  from 
under  her,  and  she  was  soon  strangled."  The 
body  was  then  burnt. 

The  third  from  the  Annual  Register  for  1786  — 
"  Phoebe  Harris  was  burnt  for  counterfeiting  shil- 
lings." This  case  of  Phoebe  Harris  has  been  men- 
tioned already  in  your  publication,  but  I  have  not 
the  reference.  She  "  stood  on  a  low  stool  which 
was  taken  away,  and  she  hung  suspended  by  her 
neck Soon  after  the  signs  of  life  had 


3rd  S.  IV.  JULY  4,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ceased"  the  body  was  burnt.    (Vol.  Ivi.  parti. 
p.  525.) 

Burning  alive  was  no  more  a  reality  than  John 
Doe  and  Richard  Roe ;  and  the  obstinate  reten- 
tion of  the  form  of  the  sentence,  for  generations 
after  it  had  ceased  to  be  executed,  proves  not  the 
cruelty  of  our  ancestors,  but  the  extraordinary 
pedantry  of  our  lawyers,  who  could  not  part  with  a 
fiction,  whether  revolting  or  childish,  without  suf- 
fering as  under  the  agony  of  a  severe  operation. 
JEAN  LE  THOTJVEUR. 

SWIFT  :  TALE  or  A  TOB.  —  The  following  re- 
markable passage  from  St.  Optatus  must  have  sug- 
gested, one  would  apprehend,  the  leading  idea 
upon  which  the  Tale  of  a  Tub  was  founded.  I 
have  not  had  an  opportunity  of  verifying  it,  but 
it  is  cited  by  an  accurate  author.  It  is  to  be  pre- 
mised that  Optatus  is  speaking  of  the  rule  of 
faith :  — 

"  Arbitrators  are  wanted.  If  Christians,  they  cannot 
be  given  on  either  side,  because  truth  is  hindered  by 
party  spirit.  A  judge  is  to  be  sought  for  abroad.  If  a 
Pagan,  he  cannot  know  Christian  secrets.  If  a  Jew,  he 
is  an  enemy  of  Christian  baptism ;  therefore  on  earth  no 
judgment  can  be  found  touching  this  matter;  a  judge 
is  to  be  sought  for  from  Heaven.  But  why  beat  we  at 
Heaven  when  we  have  His  Testament  here  in  the  Gospel  ? 
Since  in  this  place  earthly  things  may  rightly  be  com- 
pared with  heavenly,  it  is  just  as  the  case  of  a  man 
Laving  numerous  sons.  These  their  father  himself,  as 
long  as  he  is  present,  orders  one  and  all ;  a  testament  is 
not  yet  necessary.  So  Christ,  as  long  as  He  was  present 
on  earth  (though  he  be  not  even  now  wanting)  enjoined 
on  the  Apostles  whatever  was  necessary  for  the  time. 
But  like  as  an  earthly  father,  when  he  perceives  himself 
to  be  on  the  confines  of  death,  fearing  lest  after  his  death 
the  brothers  should  break  the  peace  and  go  to  law, 
having  taken  witnesses,  transfers  his  will  from  his  dying 
breast  into  tablets  that  shall  endure  a  long  while,  and  if 
contention  shall  have  arisen  among  the  brothers,  they  do 
not  make  an  uproar,  but  the  will  is  sought  for,  and  he 
who  rests  in  the  tomb  silently  speaks  from  the  tablets, 
so  He,  the  Living  One,  whose  the  Testament  is,  is  in 
Heaven,  therefore  His  will  may  be  sought  in  the  Gospel 
so  as  in  a  testament." 

J.  R. 

ANNIVERSARY  OF  DRUMCLOG.  —  I  do  not  think 
it  is  generally  known  that  the  anniversary  of  the 
Battle  of  Drumclog  is  celebrated  annually  by  a 
sermon  on  Loudon  Hill,  the  battlefield.  The 
representatives  of  the  "  Cameronians "  at  their 
last  "  synod "  split  into  two  parties  on  the  ques- 
tions of  taking  the  oath  of  allegiance,  voting  for 
M.P.,  &c.  The  party  who  stuck  to  the  principle 
in  its  entirety,  and  would  not  "  allow  "  the  queen 
and  all  her  men,  was  a  glorious  minority  of  three 
members  of  synod  ;  and  they  have  set  up  as  a 
separate  "  body  "—the  genuine  Covenanters  alone 
in  a  degenerate  generation.  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

FULKE  GREVILLE,  ESQ.,  AND  FRANCES  HIS 
WIFE.  —  Fulke  Greville,  son  of  the  Hon.  Alger- 
non Greville  (son  of  Fulke  Greville,  fifth  Lord 
Brooke),  was  educated  at  Winchester;  and  in 


1765  was  Envoy  Extraordinary  to  the  Elector  of 
Bavaria,  and  minister  to  the  Diet  of  Ratisbon.  By 
his  wife,  hereafter  mentioned,  he  had  six  sons  and 
a  daughter,  Frances  Anne,  who,  in  1768,  married 
John  Crewe,  Esq.,  afterwards  Lord  Crewe. 

Mr.  Greville  published  anonymously,  in  1756, 
Maxims,  Characters,  and  Reflections;  Critical, 
Satyrical,  and  Moral:  and  editions  of  1757  and 
1768  are  mentioned.  This  work  excited  the  scorn 
of  Lady  Mary  Wortley  Montagu  and  Horace 
Walpole ;  but  Boswell  thought  it  entitled  to  much 
more  praise  than  it  had  received. 

He  resided  at  Wilbury,  in  Wilts  ;  and  is  men- 
tioned, but  in  a  somewhat  hazy  manner,  in  Hoare's 
Modern  Wilts  ("Amesbury  Hundred,"  103). 

His  portrait,  by  Humphry,  was  engraved  by 
J.  Conde  in  1791. 

When  did  he  die  ? 

His  wife  Frances,  the  daughter  of  James  Ma- 
cartney, Esq.,  died  in  1789.  She  was  author  of 
"A  Prayer  for  Indifference,"  which  is  given  in 
Campbell's  Specimens  of  British  Poets ;  but  neither 
Mr.  Campbell,  nor  his  editor  Mr.  Peter  Cunning- 
ham, give  her  Christian  name  or  the  date  of  her 
death.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 


ST.  MARY  MATFELON:  VIRGINI  PAKITUR^. 

Many  readers  of  u  N.  &  Q."  are  doubtless  ac- 
quainted with  the  strange  legend  connected  with 
the  Cathedral  of  Chartres.  In  a  crypt  of  that 
cathedral  was  formerly  deposited  and  venerated 
an  image  of  the  B.  V.  M.,  said  to  be  possessed  of 
miraculous  powers,  and  called  "  our  Lady  of 
Chartres."  This  crypt  is  also  said  to  have  been 
formed  from  a  cave-temple  constructed  before 
the  Christian  era,  in  which  this  image  was  placed 
with  the  inscription  "  Virgini  Pariturse,"  to  the 
Virgin  who  will  bring  forth  "  (a  son).  It  is  said 
that  one  of  the  sybils  predicted  to  the  Gallic 
Druids  the  future  birth  of  Christ,  and  that  they 
in  consequence  erected  an  altar  in  the  cave,  placed 
an  image  before  it,  and  offered  anticipatory  adora- 
tion to  the  mother,  from  whom  the  Deliverer  was 
destined  to  spring.  I  find  that  Pennant,  in  his 
History  of  London,  when  describing  the  parish  of 
St.  Mary  Matfelon,  commonly  called  White- 
chapel,  relates  that  the  above  title  of  Matfelon  is 
said  to  signify  in  Hebrew,  the  Virgin  who  will 
bring  forth,  Virgo  Paritura.  In  endeavouring 
to  verify  this  derivation,  I  find  the  root  walad  or 
valad  (nearly  =  in  sound  to  falad)  in  Hebrew, 
signifying  the  act  of  bringing  forth  (a  child) : 
but  I  do  not  find  its  conjugational  developments. 
In  the  cognate  Arabic,  however,  this  root  is  found 
in  the  fifth  conjugation,  which  very  nearly  ex- 
presses the  sense  of  the  future  in  rus.  In  the 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[3'd  S.  IV.  JULY  4,  '63. 


Arabic,  therefore,  "  she  who  will  bring  forth 
would  be  represented  by  the  feminine  participl 
jMiitawaladatun,  contracted  Mutvaladatun,  o 
Miitvaladahun,  which  is  nearly  =  in  sound  t 
Mutfaladahun  =  Mutfaladun  by  contraction  whei 
pronounced  rapidly.  This  last  word  strongly  re 
sembles  Matfelon  if  the  first  a  is  pronounced  a 
the  last  a  in  the  word  Romans.  (The  t  in  th 
word  Mutawaladatun  is  in  fact  an  h,  according  t 
the  Arabic  Grammar).  When  we  consider  tha 
the  d  is  often  changed  into  th,  and  in  the  course 
of  ages  may  be  corruptly  elided  in  pronunciation 
I  think  it  not  improbable  that  the  word  Matfeloi 
m&y=Matfaladon.  Can  any  correspondent  assis 
or  refute  my  conjecture  ?  Was  there  any  con 
nection  between  this  parish  and  Chartres  ?  Wa 
there  any  image  or  picture  of  the  B.  V.  M.  a 
Whitechapel  or  the  adjoining  Spital  of  St.  Mary 
which  resembled  that  in  France  ?  The  Holy 
Virgin  is  generally  represented  not  as  alone,  bul 
as  carrying  her  divine  son.  Are  there  any  ex- 
amples in  England  to  be  found  wherein  she  is 
represented  not  as  actual,  but  as  predestinatec 
mother  ?  J.  R. 

St.  Mary's,  Great  Ilford. 


HIGGS,  HALL,  AND  WATERLAND. 

On  February  12, 1719-20,  a  complaint  was  made 
to  the  House  of  Lords  of  a  printed  pamphlet,  en- 
titled — 

"A  Sober  Reply  to  Mr.  Higgs's  Merry  Arguments 
from  the  Light  of  Nature  for  the  Tritheistic  Doctrine  of 
the  Trinity ;  with  a  Postscript  relating  to  the  Reverend 
Doctor  Waterland.  London :  Printed  for  E.  Smith,  1720," 

and  E.  Smith  was  ordered  to  be  attached,  and  a 
Committee  appointed  to  inquire  after  the  author, 
printer,  and  publisher. 

On  February  15,  the  Committee  reported,  among 
other  things,  that  the  whole  book  was  a  mixture 
of  the  most  scandalous  blasphemy,  profaneness, 
and  obscenity,  and  in  a  most  daring  and  impious 
manner  ridiculed  the  doctrine  of  the  Trinity  and 
all  revealed  religion.  That  Thomas  \Varner  in 
Paternoster  Row  was  the  publisher  of  the  said 
pamphlet ;  that  William  Wilkin  in  Little  Britain, 
who  voluntarily  appeared  before  the  Committee, 
owned  himself  to  be  the  printer,  and  further 
owned  that  he  did  it  in  opposition  to  the  doctrines 
in  Mr.  Higgs's  book,  to  which  this  pamphlet  is  an 
answer,  and  that  "  Joseph  Hall,  a  gentleman,  and 
Serjeant-at-Arms  to  the  King,"  was  the  author 
of  the  said  pamphlet,  the  errors  of  the  press  and 
some  small  variations  excepted. 

The  House  then  ordered  the  book  to  be  burnt 
by  the  hands  of  the  common  hangman,  and  the 
author,  publisher,  and  printer  to  be  prosecuted 
by  the  Attorney-General.  See  Lords'  Journals, 
•vols.  xxi.  pp.  229-231. 


From  the  Historical  Register  for  1720,  vol.  v. 
p.  8,  of  "  Chronological  Diary,"  it  appears  that  the 
book  was  burnt  on  the  following  day  by  the  com- 
mon hangman  in  Palace  Yard,  and  before  the 
Royal  Exchange;  and  that  Joseph  Hall,  Esq., 
the  author,  was  removed  from  his  office  of  serjeant- 
at-arms,  Edward  Horner,  Esq.,  being  appointed 
in  his  place. 

Can  any  reader  of  "N".  &  Q."  tell  me  whether 
Hall  was  prosecuted  by  the  attorney-general ;  if  so, 
when,  and  what  was  the  result  ? 

E.  Smith,  whose  name  appeared  on  the  title- 
page,  having  denied  all  knowledge  of  the  book, 
the  Committee  investigated  the  fact,  and  reported 
"  That  by  the  printer's  acknowledgement  it  seems 
to  be  a  very  common  thing  for  those  of  that  em- 
ployment to  put  the  names  of  persons  to  pam- 
phlets who  have  no  concern  therein,  and  that  it  is 
an  arbitrary  practice  in  printers."  T. 


APSLEY  :  STRICKLAND  :  WYNNE. — Mrs.  Hutch- 
inson,  the  wife  of  Col.  Hutchinson,  of  the  Parlia- 
mentary army,  was  a  daughter  of  Sir  Allen  Apsley 
and  his  wife,  a  daughter  of  Sir  John  St.  John. 
A  connection  is  said  to  exist  been  Mrs.  Hutchin- 
son's  family  and  the  Stricklands  of  Boynton,  co. 
York,  and  the  Wynnes  of  Nostell,  co.  York.  I 
shall  be  obliged  if  any  one  will  give  information 
on  this  point.  H.  D. 

_  BELLS  OF  SPAIN.  —  There  is  a  large  bell  with  a 
piece  cut  out  of  the  side  (through  which  the  rope 
was  passed  to  attach  to  the  clapper,  it  is  said), 
which  hangs  in  the  belfry  of  one  of  the  cathedrals 
of  Burgos,  Toledo,  Seville,  or  Cordova.  In  which 
cathedral  is  it  ?  C.  M. 

BLACK  MONDAY.  —  I  find  the  following  in  St. 
Martin's  churchwarden's  accounts  for  the  year 
1562-3 : — 

"  Itm.  payd  to  the  Ryngars  on  blakmonday  at  the 
commavndemente  of  mast ur  mere  -  vijd." 

I  know  Mr.  Halliwell's  explanations  of  "  Black 
Monday."  But  can  any  one  tell  me  why  the 
mayor  of  Leicester  should  order  the  bells  to  be 
rung  at  the  charge  of  the  parish  on  that  day  ? 
The  day  was  clearly  distinct  from  any  of  those 
mentioned  by  Mr.  Halliwell  (Archaic  Words'). 

T.  NORTH. 
Leicester. 

BLOWNORTON  CLOCK. — Has  Mr.  Jeafferson  any 
oundation,  in  genuine  folk  lore,  for  what  he  says 
bout  this  unclaimed  piece  of  furniture  in  Live  it 
Down  (vol.  i.  p.  88),  3rd  edition,  1863  ? 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

COUNTRY  RESIDENCE.  —  For  some  time  I  have 
een  seeking  for  a  desirable  place  of  residence, 
t  must  combine  at  least  four  qualities  —  accessi- 
ility  by  rail  from  London,  water  for  boating, 


S.  IV.  JULY  4,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


chalk  or  gravel  soil,  and  last,  though,  not  least, 
open  panoramic  scenery,  with  heather.  Hitherto 
I  have  found  no  locality  possessing  these  advan- 
tages excepting  Weybridge.  If  any  of  your  cor- 
respondents can  supply  me  with  information  I 
shall  feel  obliged.  COSMOPOLITE. 

CROMWELL  MEMORIAL.  —  At  the  principal  en- 
trance of  Dyrham  Park  (the  seat  of  Capt.  Trotter), 
near  Barnet,  there  stands  a  handsome  gateway ; 
consisting  of  a  central  arch,  supported  by  pillars, 
and  flanked  on  either  side  by  lodges. 

This  is  said  to  have  formed  part  of  a  structure 
erected,  strangely  enough,  to  the  memory  of  Crom- 
well in  the  neighbourhood  of  Red  Lion  Square, 
and  to  have  been  removed  to  its  present  position 
about  the  middle  of  last  century. 

Although  I  have  searched  Maitland,  and  other 
books  of  a  similar  character,  I  cannot  find  any 
mention  of  such  a  monument ;  but  perhaps  some 
of  your  antiquarian  readers  may  have  some  in- 
formation on  the  subject ;  and,  if  so,  I  should  be 
glad  to  receive  it  either  through  the  medium  of 
your  pages,  or  by  letter.  Jos.  HARGROVE. 

Clare  College,  Cambridge. 

THE  DUDLEYS  OF  COVENTRY.  —  I  should  feel 
obliged  if  any  one  could  give  me  an  account  of 
the  Dudleys  of  Coventry  and  arms.  In  an  old 
corporation  book  which  I  have,  entitled  An  Ac- 
count of  the  Loans,  Benefactions,  and  Charities, 
belonging  to  the  City  of  Coventry,  I  find  the  fol- 
lowing names :  — 

«M' Thomas  Dudley's  Will,  1581,  July  3'd,  Ex.  Reg. 
Cur.  Prserog.  Cant.  Mr  Thomas  Dudley,  Alderman  of 
this  City,  by  Will  charges  all  his  Lands  with  the  yearly 
Payment  of  5/.,  to  the  Use  and  Behoof  of  the  poor  Chil- 
dren of  Bablake  for  ever ;  and  with  the  further  Pavment 
of  6s.  8d.  for  the  Relief  of  Gosford  Ward  in  the"  Pay- 
ment of  the  fifteenth,  when  the  said  Ward  shall  be 
charged  therewith.  He  appoints  Bartholomew  Tate, 
Esq.,  and  others,  Feoffees ;  with  full  Power  to  destrain 
into  any  of  his  Lands,  in  Case  the  said  51.  6s.  8d.  be  not 
paid  by  equal  Portions  at  the  Feast  of  the  Annunciation 
of  the  B.  V.  and  St.  Michael  the  Archangel. 

Edward  Bradney,  Mayor  of  Coventry,  1683. 

Mr  Edward  Bradney,  Draper  and  Alderman  in  1678. 

Thomas  Dudley,  Drapers'  Company,  1672. 

John  Basnet,  1675,  10£s  Loan  Money. 

Thomas  Dudley,  1675,  10£s  Loan  Money. 

In  1684,  Mr  Bradney  was  Mayor. 

Lady  Spencer's  Loan. 

John  Bradney,  in  1685,  gave  10<£  for  Coventry. 

Alderman  Bradney,  Treasurer  to  the  Loan  Money, 
April  5th,  1693. 

Samuel  Troughton,  John  Basnet,  and  William  Story, 
gave  10£  to  the  Loan  Fund. 

Christopher  Wale,  10£. 

In  1660,  Mr  -i-Emilian  Holbeche  paid  to  Alderman  Bas- 
net for  an  Assignment  of  his  Lease,  in  which  were  only 
8  years  to  come,  130£." 

The  Dudleys,  Bradneys,  Basnets,  and  Trough- 
tons,  were  all  connected  by  marriage. 

JULIA  R.  BOCKETT. 
Bradney,  near  Burghfield  Bridge,  Reading. 


JOHN  DTON.— I  am  anxious  to  see  a  ballad  that 
was  written  on  the  murder  of  Mr.  John  Dyon  of 
Branscroft,  near  Doncaster,  which  took  place  on 
the  16th  of  February,  1828.  I  believe  it  was 
printed  in  the  form  of  a  broadside. 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

Bottesford  Manor,  Brigg. 

FLODDEN  FIELD.  —  In  an  early  genealogical 
MS.,  probably  compiled  during  the  reign  of 
Charles  II.,  I  met  with  a  notice  of  — 

"  Robert  Blounte  of  Eckington,  4  sonne  of  Sir  Thomas 
Blount  of  Kinlett,  in  Shropshire,  Knight.  This  Robert 
was  Captaine  of  the  Hallamshire  Forces,  about  Sheffield, 
in  the  Countie  of  York,  at  Flodden  Field  in  Scotland  in 
the  Reigne  of  K.  H.  8." 

Are  any  Muster  Rolls  of  the  English  army  at 
the  battle  of  Flodden  extant  ?  Or  is  any  detailed 
English  account  of  the  battle  in  existence  ?  Sir 
W.  Scott  says  (notes  to  Marmiori)  :  — 

"  See  the  only  distinct  detail  of  the  Battle  of  Floddeu 
in  Pinkerton's  History,  book  xi. ;  all  former  accounts 
being  full  of  blunders  and  inconsistency." 

H.J. 

Hallamshire. 

KNIGHTHOOD.  —  Miles,  Eques,  JBques  Auralus : 
these  three  terms  are  equally  used  as  implying 
knighthood.  Quaere,  Is  there  any  difference  or 
distinction?  for  the  terms  seem  equally  applied 
to  knights  military  or  civil.  Q. 

LAW  OF  ADULTERY.  —  Can  any  one  favour  me 
with  the  name  of  that  king  who  is  mentioned  in 
ancient  history  as  having  made  a  law  against 
adultery,  in  which  it  was  enacted  that  the  offender 
should  be  punished  with  the  loss  of  both  eyes  ? 

A.  M. 

LUTHER. — I  am  at  a  loss  to  guess  (and  I  think 
your  readers  in  general  would  be  glad  to  know), 
on  what  grounds  H.  B.  C.,  in  his  catalogue  of 
doubtful  books,  has  included  Luther  on  the  Gala- 
tians  (see  3rd  S.  iii.  477)  ?  MELETES. 

MARY  QUEEN  OF  SCOTS'  LETTER  TO  QUEEN 
ELIZABETH. — Walpole,  in  a  letter  to  Gray,  dated 
February  16,  1759  (vol.  iii.  p.  209),  ed.  Cunning- 
ham, says, — 

"  I  wan^d  to  ask  you  whether  you,  or  anybody  that 
you  believe  in,  believe  in  the  Queen  of  Scots'  letter  to 
Queen  Elizabeth.  If  it  is  genuine  I  don't  wonder  she  cut 
her  head  off;  but  I  think  it  must;  be  some  forgery  that 
was  not  made  use  of." 

This  letter  is  printed  in  Murden's  State  Papers, 
p.  558,  and  I  should  be  glad  to  know  if  any  recent 
investigation  into  its  authenticity  or  otherwise  has 
been  made,  and  if  so  with  what  result  ?  T. 

MONUMENTAL  BRASS. — At  the  sale  of  the  effects 
of  John  Holmes,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  of  East  Retford, 
Notts,  which  took  place  on  Oct.  27, 1841,  a  monu- 
mental brass  of  a  knight — crest  a  ram's  head,  set 
into  a  carved  oak  table  top  —  was  sold  for  51.  15*. 
See  Gent.'s  Mag.,  1842,  p.  23.  This  fact  is  worth 


8 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"»  S.  IV.  JULY  4,  '63. 


reproducing  as  a  specimen  of  modern  Vandalism. 
Perhaps  a  notice  of  it  in  "  N.  &  Q."  may  lead  to 
the  restoration  of  this  monument  to  the  church 
from  whence  it  was  originally  removed.  At  the 
same  sale  were  two  oak  panels,  bearing  the  arms 
of  Swift  of  Rotherharn.  In  whose  possession  are 
they  now  ?  EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

Bottesford  Manor,  Brigg. 

PIZABEO'S  COAT  OF  ARMS.  —  When  at  Trujillo, 
I  saw  on  the  house  pointed  out  to  travellers  as 
that  formerly  occupied  by  Pizarro,  an  escutcheon 
with  the  conqueror's  arms  emblazoned  thereon. 
It  was  surmounted  by  a  small  shield,  with  a  banana 
or  cocoa  nut-tree  in  its  centre,  and  a  bear  (or 
more  probably  a  pig,  from  Pizzaro  having  been  a 
swineherd)  standing,  one  on  either  side  of  the 
tree  on  their  hind  legs,  and  resting  their  fore  legs 
upon  the  upper  part  of  the  trunk  of  the  tree. 
Can  anyone  fully  explain  this  ? 

Prescott,  in  his  Conquest  of  Peru,  gives  a  lengthy 
description  of  the  arms,  but  does  not  mention 
this,  though  it  appears  (by  the  impression  of  the 
coat  of  arms  on  that  book)  to  form  part  of  the 
arms.  C.  M. 

THE  RISING  IN  THE  NORTH.  —  Is  there  any  re- 
ference to  the  names  of  the  persons  who  were 
concerned  in,  or  were  executed  on  account  of,  the 
rising  in  the  north,  temp.  2  Eliz.  ?  In  an  old  ge- 
nealogical MS.  of  the  time  of  Charles  II.  I  find 
that  — 

"  Rosamond,  the  eldest  Daughter  of  the  first  Sir  Peter 
Prechevile  of  Stavely,  co.  Derby,  was  first  married  to 
Bowes,  who  was  executed  in  the  rebellion,  in  the  North, 
Q.  E.'s  time.  Her  2  husband  was  Ellis  Markham  of 
Dunham ;  lastly,  she  married  to  her  3  husband,  George 
Blount  of  Eckington,  Esqrc." 

In  the  Memorials  of  the  Rebellion  of  1569  no 
mention  whatever  is  to  be  found  of  the  execution 
of  any  one  of  the  name  of  Bowes ;  but  at  p.  74,  in 
a  letter  from  the  Earl  of  Sussex  to  Sir  W.  Cecil, 
he  writes :  — 

"The  evill  counsellours  be  the  persons  named  in  my 
letters  to  her  Majestic  of  the  30th  of  October,  and  all 
were  present  at  ther  owtragiowse  doings  at  Duresme, 
saving  Leonard  Dacres,  Roberto  Bowes,  and  Capten 
Reade." 

The  editor  says  :  — 

"  The  enumeration  of  Robert  Bowes  in  the  list  of  evil 
counsellors  is  evidently  a  mistake.  Robert  Bowes  the 
Sheriff,  Brother  to  Sir  George,  was  with  him  in  Barnard 
Castle;  and  'little'  Robert  Bowes  was  employed  on  a 
mission  of  confidence  and  secrecy ;  and  was  on  this  very 
day  despatched  by  Sir  G.  Bowes  to  Captain  Drury  a"t 
Berwick,  for  three  hundred  harquebusiers  to  repair  to 
Barnard  Castle."  —  Bowes  M S.  vol.  ii.  p.  44. 

W.  S. 

Hallamshire. 

A  SCOTTISH  COLONY  IN  FRANCE. — Can  you,  or 
any  of  your  correspondents,  kindly  furnish  me 
with  any  further  information  regarding  the  an- 
nexed paragraph,  cut  from  a  Glasgow  Mail,  June 


17,  1863;  or  indicate  the  printed  sources  of  such 
information  ? 

"  One  of  the  French  pastors  for  the  Department  da 
Cher  has  communicated  the  following  interesting  fact  to 
the  secretaries  of  the  Evangelical  Alliance : — In  that  dis- 
trict a  Scotch  colony  has  been  established  since  1430. 
They  were  the  remains  of  the  Scottish  Guard  of  Charles 
VI  [.  of  France,  whom  the  Maid  of  Orleans  brought  to 
Rheims  to  be  crowned.  The  Duke  de  Henrichement, 
Constable  of  France,  and  commander  of  the  Guard,  settled 
them  on  his  lands ;  where  for  a  time  they  were  employed 
on  the  iron  works,  but  afterwards  turned  their  attention 
to  agriculture.  For  four  centuries  they  have  kept  dis- 
tinct, without  mingling  with  their  neighbours,  preserving 
their  Scotch  names  with  but  slight  variations,  and  also 
the  tradition  of  their  British  origin.  The  Protestants  of 
that  part  of  France  relate  that  they  have  heard  from 
their  parents  that  these  descendants  of  the  Scotch,  called 
Foresters,  were  brought  to  the  knowledge  of  the  Gospel 
by  the  preaching  of  Calvin,  but  that  at  the  revocation  of 
the  Edict  of  Nantes  they  returned  to  the  Romish  Church. 
The  desire  has  been  expressed  that  steps  may  be  taken 
to  reunite  the  links  of  connection  with  this  country." 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

50,  Buccleuch  Street,  Glasgow. 

SNUFF-BOXES  PRESENTED  BY  QUEEN  ANNE.  — 
Mr.  Dennis  Chirac,  who  lived  at  Paddington 
House,  Paddington,  was  jeweller  to  Queen  Anne. 
Would  it  be  possible  to  ascertain  the  names  of  the 
generals  to  whom  her  majesty  presented  snuff- 
boxes with  her  portrait  set  in  diamonds  ? 

AN  OBLIGED  CONSTANT  READER. 

STAFFORD,  MR. — Amongst  the  Lambeth  MSS. 
(604,  fol.  9)  is  a  holograph  letter  addressed  by  Sir 
Robert  Cecil  to  Sir  George  Carew,  some  time 
about  February,  1600,  soon  after  the  latter  was 
appointed  Lord  President  of  Munster.  The  letter 
is  undated,  but  it  is  endorsed  as  having  been  re- 
ceived in  March,  1600.  Cecil  commends  to  the 
notice  of  Carew  "  this  young  gentlemen,  Mr.  Staf- 
ford, in  respect  of  his  owne  good  meritt,  and  perti- 
culerly  for  the  loue  you  beare  to  those  freends  of 
his  for  whose  sake  he  is  worthy  to  be  extraordinarily 
regarded ;  "  and  he  goes  on  to  say,  he  is  "  a  gen- 
tleman to  whom  I  do  for  diuers  considerations 
much  desire  to  shew  my  affection."  Among  other 
reasons  for  his  recommendation,  he  says :  "  The 
gentleman  hath  chosen  that  Province  (Munster) 
to  serve  in  the  rather  from  the  affection  he  hath 
to  be  comanded  by  you ; "  and  he  adds,  "  you 
shall  do  for  one  whose  freend  being  both  of  place 
and  quality  will  be  apt  to  requite  it." 

Can  any  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  assist  me  in  iden- 
tifying this  Mr.  Stafford  ?  I  am  unable  to  find 
any  mention  of  him  in  the  Irish  State  Papers  of 
the  period  in  question.  Is  it  possible  that  he  was 
Thomas  Stafford,  who,  in  1633,  published  Pacata 
Hibernia?  The  author  is  said  (in  Biog.  Brit. 
art.  "  Carew  ")  to  have  been  Carew's  natural  son. 
And  in  the  preface  to  the  Pacata,  the  author  or 
editor,  as  the  case  may  be,  says  it  was  composed 
"by  the  direction  and  appoyntment  of  Carew,  and 


3'dS.  IV.  JULY  4,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


being  left  among  his  papers  where  it  was  found 
by  the  now  publisher  thereof,  to  whom  they  were 
bequeathed,"  &c. 

Cecil's  letter  is  inconsistent  with  the  idea  that 
the  Mr.  Stafford  mentioned  therein  was  any  way 
connected  with  Carew,  although  it  is  quite  pos- 
sible that  an  intimacy  and  friendship  might  have 
subsequently  arisen,  which  led  to  the  scandal  to 
which  I  have  adverted.  I  shall  be  glad  of  any 
information  upon  this  subject.  JOHN  MACLEAN. 

Hammersmith. 

ALESSANDRO  STRADELLA. —  Can  any  of  your 
musical  correspondents  inform  me  the  name  of 
the  cantata,  by  Alessandro  Stradella,  from  which 
Dr.  Crotch  obtained  one  of  his  Specimens  of 
various  Styles  of  Music.  It  is  written  in  E  minor, 
£  time,  and  is  a  three-part  fugue.  Any  informa- 
tion relative  to  Stradella  and  his  compositions 
would  be  gratefully  accepted.  W.  A.  BOWSES. 

ATTACK  ON  PRINCE  OP  WALES.  —  Can  you  in- 
form me  where  is  to  be  found  an  account  of  an 
attack — whether  by  highwaymen  or  assassins,  I 
cannot  recollect — made  upon  George  IV.  when 
Prince  of  Wales  while  in  his  carriage,  in  London 
or  the  outskirts,  possibly  in  Piccadilly,  in  the  end 
of  the  last  century  ?  Among  the  persons  with  the 
Prince  was  the  Earl  of  Clermont.  KAPPA. 

TENBURT  WELLS. — The  inhabitants  of  the  town 
of  Tenbury,  in  Worcestershire,  have  annexed  the 
term  "  Wells  "  to  the  ancient  appellation  of  that 
place,  from  the  accidental  discovery  of  a  medicinal 
spring  a  few  years  since.  Is  it  not  unusual  to  do 
so,  except  to  create  a  distinction  with  another 
place?  —  as  at  Tunbridge  Wells 'and  Malvern 
Wells.  Neither  Cheltenham  or  Leamington,  both 
ancient  parishes,  adopt  such  a  mode  of  distinguish- 
ing their  springs  of  water,  and  both  of  compara- 
tively recent  discovery. 

S.   E.  WlNNlNGTON. 


fottf) 

WHO  WAS  SEDECHIAS  ?  —  The  Dicta  Moralia 
Philosophorum,  an  anonymous  Latin  compilation, 
made  about  1350,  professes  to  give  a  collection  of 
the  wisest  sayings  found  in  the  writings  of,  or 
attributed  to,  the  most  renowned  philosophers  of 
all  nations  and  eras.  The  philosopher  whose 
name  occurs  first  is  thus  introduced :  — 

"  Sedechias  primus  fuit  per  que  nutu  dei  lex  precepta 
fuit  et  sapia  intellects  Et  dixit  Sedechias."  &c.  —  See 
Brit.  Mus.,  Add.  MS.  16906,  fol.  1. 

The  celebrated  provost  of  Paris,  Guillaume  de 
Tignonville,  who  died  in  1414,  translated  the 
original  into  French, -and  this  version  became  very 
popular,  being  found  in  every  library  of  that  pe- 
riod of  which  the  catalogues  have  been  preserved. 
There  are  three  copies  of  Les  Dits  Moraulx  des 


Philosophes  in  our  national  collection,  all  of  which 
agree  in  the  name  and  orthography  of  Sedechias. 
For  instance, — 

"  Sedechias  fut  philosophe  le  premier  par  qui  de  la 
voulente  de  dieu  loy  fut  Eeceue  et  sapience  entendue. 
Et  Sedechias  dit,"  &c.— See  Reg.  MS.  19  A.  viii. 

In  1450  an  English  translation,  entitled  The 
Doctryne  and  Wysedom  of  the  Wise  Ancyent  Phi- 
losophres,  was  made  for  the  special  use  of  Sir  John 
Fastolffe  by  his  son-in-law,  Stephen  Scrope.  The 
only  copy  known  (Harl.  MS.  2266)  unfortunately 
wants  the  first  leaf,  but  doubtless,  like  every  other 
version,  Scrope  began  with  Sedechias.  Lastly 
came  the  well-known  Dictes  and  Sayings  of  the 
Philosophers,  translated  by  Earl  Rivers,  and  issued 
by  Caxton  in  1477,  being  the  first  instance  of  an 
English  book  with  the  date  of  printing.  Of  this 
also  there  is  a  manuscript  in  the  British  Museum 
(Add.  MS.  22718),  which  begins,  like  the  follow- 
ing extract  from  Caxton's  first  edition,  with  the 
same  name :  — 

"  Sedechias  was  the  first  Philosopher  by  whoom,  through 
the  wil  and  pleaser  of  oure  Lorde  God,  Sapience  was  vn- 
derstande  *  *  whiche  Sedechias  saide,"  &c. 

I  end  as  I  began — Who  was  Sedechias  ? 

WILLIAM  BLADES. 

[We  regret  that  we  are  unable  to  afford  any  satisfac- 
tory answer  to  this  inquiry.  There  was  a  Sedechias  in 
the  ninth  century,  physician  to  Louis  le  Debonnaire,  who 
was  also  a  great  magician,  and  amused  the  court  by  cut- 
ting off  a  man's  hands  and  feet,  swallowing  him,  and 
then  bringing  him  up  again,  alive  and  whole.  Unfor- 
tunately, however,  it  does  not  appear  that  this  talented 
individual  left  anything  in  writing  for  the  amusement  or 
instruction  of  posterity.  In  another  Sedechias  (Bar- 
Abraham)  we  seem  to  come  nearer  the  mark.  He 
•wrote  on  the  Sabbath,  on  the  New  Moon,  and  on  other 
Mosaic  matters.  But  as  he  did  not  flourish  till  about  the 
middle  of  the  thirteenth  century,  we  doubt  whether  he 
could  have  been  the  individual,  of  whom  it  was  said  an 
hundred  years  after  in  the  words  cited  by  our  corre- 
spondent, that  "primus  fuit  ....  per  quern  lex  precepta 
fuit."  Still  it  is  not  impossible,  after  all,  that  this  might 
be  the  party  intended ;  for  we  know  very  well  that  me- 
diaeval records  are  not  always  very  particular  in,  their 
chronology.] 

BIBLICAL  QUERIES:  PROVERBS  xxvi.  8. —  1. 
As  he  that  bindeth  a  stone  in  a  sling,  so  is  he  that 
giveth  honour  to  a  fool.  (Eng.  Aut.  Version.) 

2.  *O  airoSefffievet  *  hidoy  ev  enpei'SJj'jj,  Sfwios  ecrn,  &C. 
(LXX.  Version.) 

3.  As  the  closing  up  of  a  precious  stone  in  an 
heape  of  stones,  so  is  he,  &c.  (English  Bible,  Lon- 
don, 1590,  Deputies  of  Christopher  Barker.) 

4.  Sicjit   qui  mittit  lapidem  in  acervum  mer- 
curii,  ita  qui,   &c.  (Jerome's   Version  in  Latin 
Bibles  of  1514,  1551,  and  the  modern  Vulgate.) 

5.  As  he  that  casteth  a  stone  into  the  heap  of 
mercury,  so  is  he,  &c.  (English  translation  of  the 
Vulgate.) 


*  "Of  titniurftsou,  according  to  Liddell  and  Scott,  should 
be  "  he  who  bindeth  (a  stone)  to,  not  in  (a  sling.") 


10 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  JULY  4,  '63. 


Surely  there  is   a  mistake  somewhere.      W 
find  three  translations :   1 .  LXX.  ffQcvSovy,  Au 
Vers.  "sling."    2.  Eng.  Bible,    1590,    "heap   o 
stone."     3.  Latin,   "  acervum   mercurii;"    En 
Vulgate,  "  heap  of  mercury." 

As  I  have  no  Hebrew  Bible  at  hand,  I  am 
anxious  to  know  the  original  word  or  phrase  whic 
has  thus  been  variously  rendered ;  and  I  shall  b 
glad  to  obtain  information  as  to  the  grounds  o 
which  our  Authorised  Version  was  made  to  diflfe 
from  ancient  versions  claiming  to  have  been  trans 
lated  immediately  from  the  Hebrew. 

CHESSBOROUGH. 

[As  the  "ancient  versions"  differ  in  this  instanc 
among  themselves,  it  was"  almost  unavoidable  that  th 
rendering  of  our  Authorised  Version  should  be  "  made  tc 
differ  "  from  one  or  the  other  of  them.  On  referring 
however,  to  the  Marginal  Renderings  of  our  English  Bible 
we  think  our  correspondent  will  feel  satisfied  that  ou 
translators  had  their  eyes  open,  and  that  neither  the  ren 
dering  of  1590,  nor  that  of  the  LXX.,  was  overlooked  by 
them.  The  Vulgate  rendering  was  based  upon  a  rabbi 
nical  gloss,  and  we  doubt  if  any  one  would  now  ventun 
to  maintain  it. 

Learned  men  have  tried  their  hands  upon  the  passage 
in  question,  and  have  brought  out  meanings  which  tenc 
very  little  to  its  elucidation,  though  much  to  the  display 
of  their  own  acuteness.  Wonderful  exhibition  of  Aaron's 
skill,  when  he  manipulated  the  gold,  and  there  came 
out — a  calf!  We  would  submit,  however,  that  the  origi- 
nal words,  nDJHD3  J5N  ~M")y3,  are  rendered  about  as 
closely  and  as  literally  as  they  could  be  rendered  to  be 
intelligible,  in  the  received  translation — "  as  h e  that  bindeth 
a  stone  in  a  sling."  Surely  the  meaning  of  the  verse  is 
sufficiently  obvious.  Honour  to  a  fool  resembles  a  stone 
in  a  sling — it  is  thrown  away.  If  our  translators  thought 
fit  to  notice  former  renderings  in  the  margin,  this  may 
have  been  because  they  wished  to  show  that  while  their 
first  object  was  truth,  they  did  not  despise  antiquity.] 

FLY-LEAF  SCRIBBLINGS. — I  have  in  my  pos- 
session a  copy  of  the  second  edition  of  Newton's 
Principia  (published  in  1713),  which  appears  to 
have  belonged,  at  one  time,  to  Sir  William  Jones, 
and  was  given  in  1798  by  Lady  Jones,  his  widow, 
to  her  brother-in-law,  C.  William  Sloper,  Esq. 
On  the  fly-leaf  there  is  a  memorandum  in  Sir 
William  Jones's  handwriting,  to  the  following 
effect :  — 

"  BURROW  told  me  that  he  had  seen  in  NEWTON'S 
handwriting,  opposite  (in  a  list  of  mathematical  books)  to 
my  father's  SYNOPSIS,  '  Multum  in  parvo,'  or  some  such 
phrase:  TAFAZZUL  HUSAIN  says  BURROW  told  him  the 
phrase  was, '  An  ocean  in  a  pitcher.'  " 

William  Jones,  Sir  William's  father,  a  mathe- 
matician of  some  eminence,  was  the  author  of  a 
work  entitled,  Synopsis  Palmariorum  Matheseos, 
which  appeared  in  1708.  Who  was  Burrow? 
Who  was  Tafazzul  Hmain  ?  P.  S.  CAREY. 

[Reuben  Burrow,  the  mathematician,  and  the  original 
compiler  of  the  Lady  and  Gentleman's  Diary  and  Poor 
Robin  almanacs,  is  noticed  in  our  1"  S.  xii.  142 ;  2nd  S. 
x.  309.  A  memoir  of  him  will  be  found  in  the  New 
Monthly  Magazine,  i.  536—538,  abridged  in  Gorton's  and 


Watkins's  Biographical  Dictionaries.  It  is  stated  that 
whilst  Burrow  was  in  Calcutta,  a  Cashmirean,  one  of  his 
pupils  who  understood  English,  was  translating  Newton's 
Principia  into  Persian!  We  do  not  find  the  name  of 
Tafazzul  Husain  in  Lord  Teignmouth's  Memoirs  of  Sir 
William  Jones,  4to,  1804.] 

PASSAGE  IN  VALLANCEY.  —  Dr.  Petrie,  in  his 
work  The  Ecclesiastical  Architecture  of  Ireland 
anterior  to  the  Anglo-Norman  Invasion,  comprising 
an  Essay  on  the  Origin  and  Uses  of  the  Round 
Towers  of  Ireland,  refers  to  Vallancey's  Essay 
upon  the  Antiquity  of  the  Irish  Language,  first 
published  in  1772,  and  afterwards  reprinted  in  the 
Collectanea  de  Rebus  Hibernicis  in  1781,  and  gives 
what  appears  to  be  a  quotation  from  Vallancey,  in 
the  following  words :  — 

"  The  Irish  Druids  caused  all  fires  to  be  extinguished 
throughout  the  kingdom  on  the  eve  of  May-day,  and 
every  house  was  obliged  to  light  his  fire  from  the  Arch- 
druid's  holy  fire,  kindled  on  some  elevated  place,  for 
which  they  paid  a  tribute  to  the  Druid.  This  exactly 
corresponds  with  Dr.  Ifyde's  description  of  the  Parsi  or 
Guebri,  descendants  of  the  ancient  Persians,  who  have, 
says  he,  an  annual  fire  in  the  temple,  from  whence  they 
kindle  all  the  fires  in  their  houses,  which  are  previously 
extinguished,  which  makes  a  part  of  the  revenues  of  their 
priests ;  and  this  was  undoubtedly  the  use  of  the  Round 
Towers,  so  frequently  to  be  met  with  in  Ireland,  and 
which  were  certainly  of  Phoenician  construction." 

Now  in  the  copy  of  Vallancey's  Essay  which  I 
have  consulted  at  the  British  Museum,  in  an  edi- 
tion of  1772,  I  can  neither  find  these  words  in 
form,  nor  anything  which  could  be  so  construed. 

I  should  be  glad,  if  either  you,  or  any  of  your 
readers,  could  throw  any  light  upon  this  apparent 
discrepancy.  T.  M.  MAUNSELI,. 

[Our  correspondent's  query  is  another  proof  of  the  con- 
venience, to  save  time  and  trouble,  of  stating  the  edition 
of  all  works  quoted.  The  second  edition  of  Dr.  Vallan- 
cey's .Essay,  1781,  contains  considerable  corrections  and 
additions,  among  others  the  passage  quoted  above,  which 
will  be  found  only  in  the  Collectanea  de  Rebus  Hibernicis, 
vol.  ii.  p.  285.] 

ROYAL  ARMS  OF  SPAIN.— Can  anyone  inform 
me  of  the  full  meaning  of  the  motto,  Plus  ultra, 
,nd  why  it  was  assumed  in  the  royal  arms  by  the 
Cmperor  Charles  V.  of  Spain  ?  Murray,  in  his 
Hand-Book  for  Spain,  edit.  1847,  mentions  it 
lightly  at  p.  44  of  section  i.  C.  M. 

[The  full  phrase  was  "  Ne  plus  ultra,"  in  which  form 
t  was  applied  to  two  eminences  at  the  entrance  of  the 
Mediterranean,  Calpe  in  Spain,  Abyla  in  Africa,  these 
eing  regarded  as  the  boundaries  of  the  exploits  of  Her- 
ules,  also  as  the  conventional  limits  (in  that  direction)  of 
ic  old  world.  But  Charles  V.  having  inherited  not  only 
he  Crowns  of  Arragon  and  Castile,  but  their  vast  trans- 
tlantic  dependencies,  it  was  then  thought  fitting  to  re- 
nove  the  negative,  and  to  apply  to  the  Columna;  Hercu- 
s  no  longer  the  phrase  "  Ne  plus  ultra,"  but  the  more 
ppropriate  phrase  "Plus  ultra,"  In  order,  however,  to 
ppreciate  the  full  import  of  this  change,  it  is  necessary  to 
ear  in  mind,  that  just  as  Robert  Hall  said  of  a  person 
hose  conduct  had  been  extremely  bad,  that  he  deserved 
to  be  kicked  beyond  the  walls  of  creation ;  "  so  did  the 


3**  S.  IV.  JULY  4,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


11 


ancients  votively  relegate  an  offender  fait  'H(xz>.<cv;  trx» 
rrfraf,  beyond  the  extreme  pillars  of  Hercules. 

"  The  emperor  struck  out  the  negative  from  the  '  Ne 
plus  ultra '  of  Hercules,  and  proclaimed  to  the  world  that 
there  were  no  limits  to  Spanish  ambition,"  says  a  writer 
in  the  Quarterly  Eevieto  (Ixii.  128).  But  the  emperor 
meant  to  proclaim  something  more  than  this,  namely,  the 
actual  extent  of  Spanish  rule.] 

YKAR-BOOK. — I  copy  part  of  the  title-page  of  a 
volume  lying  before  uie,  and  should  be  glad  to 
know  what  it  is ;  z.  e.  what  name  it  bears  among 
lawyers :  — 

"In  hoc  volumine*  continentur  omnes  anni  Regis 
Henrici  Septimi,  ab  anno  primo  usque  ad  annum  vicesi- 
mum  secundum  eiusdem  Kegis,  qui  antea  impress!  fue- 
runt. 

"^f  Or  novelment  imprimee  &  corrigee,  &c.  &c, 
Londini  in  asdibus  Richard!  Tottelli,  1585.  Cum  privi- 
legio." 

The  colophon  is  — 

"Imprinted  at  London  in  Fleet  Strete,  within  Temple 
Barre,  at  the  signe  of  the  hand  and  starre,  by  Rycharde 
Tottel,  1583.  Cum  privilegio." 

P. 

[This  is  a  volume  of  the  Year-Books  printed  by  Richard 
Tottel,  containing  the  1st  to  the  22nd  year  of  Henry 
VII.  The  last  two  years  were  printed  in  1583;  but  a 
new  and  revised  edition  of  the  previous  years  was  re- 
printed in  1585,  which  accounts  for  the  colophon  having 
the  former  date.  (Herbert's  Ames,  ii.  824,  825.)  The 
Year-Books  were  published  annually,  which  explains 
their  name,  from  the  notes  of  persons,  four  in  number, 
according  to  Lord  Coke,  who  were  paid  a  stipend  by  the 
crown  for  the  purpose  of  committing  to  writing  the  pro- 
ceedings of  the  courts.] 

ANONYMOUS.  —  I  have  a  thick  8vo  volume,  en- 
titled The  Contest  of  the  Twelve  Nations  ,•  or,  a 
View  of  the  different  Bases  of  Human  Character 
and  Talent  (Edinburgh,  1826);  but  without  the 
author's  name.  Who  was  he  ?  The  work  appears 
to  be  rather  curious  ;  and  I  cannot  find  any  men- 
tion of  it  in  Bonn's  edition  of  Lowndes's  Biblio- 
grapher's Manual.  ABHBA. 

[This  work  is  by  William  Howison,  the  author  of  the 
"  Ballad  of  Polydore,"  who  has  been  so  graphically  described 
by  Sir  Walter  Scott  iu  his  letter  to  Joanna  Baillie,  July  11, 
1823.  His  other  works  are — 1.  Fragments  and  Fictions, 
published  under  the  name  of  M.  de  Peudemots.  2.  An 
Essay  on  the  Sentiments  of  Attraction,  Adaptation,  and 
Vanity.  To  which  are  added,  A  Key  to  the  Mythology  of 
the  Ancients,  and  Europe's  Likeness  to  the  Human  Spirit. 
Edin.  1822,  12mo.  3.  A  Grammar  of  Infinite  Forms ;  or, 
the  Mathematical  Elements  of  Ancient  Philosophy  and 
Mythology,  1823,  12mo.] 

THOMAS  EARL  OF  CLEVELAND.  —  What  is  the 
history  of  Wentworth,  Earl  of  Cleveland,  whose 
noble  portrait  by  Vandyck  (the  property  of  the 
Earl  of  Strafford)  is  now  exhibited  in  the  British 
Institution  in  Pall  Mall  ?  CONSTANT  READER. 

[Thomas  Wentworth,  created  Feb.  5th,  1626,  Baron 
Wentworth  of  Xettlested,  and  Earl  of  Cleveland,  was  one 
of  the  most  zealous  supporters  of  the  royal  cause  in  the 
civil  wars  of  Charles  I.,  and  was  imprisoned  in  the  Tower 
of  London  for  his  loyalty.  He  had  the  satisfaction,  how- 
ever, of  witnessing  the  restoration  of  the  monarchy,  and 


headed  a  body  of  three  hundred  noblemen  and  gentlemen 
in  the  triumphal  procession  of  Charles  II.  into  London. 
His  lordship  died  in  1667,  when  the  Earldom  of  Cleveland 
became  extinct.  For  a  description  of  Vandyck's  portrait 
of  the  earl,  see  Dr.  Waagen's  Treasures  of  Art  in.  Great 
Britain,  Supplement,  p.  322.] 

WATERLOO  MEDALS. — Will  some  of  your  readers 
tell  me  where  I  can  purchase  one  ? 

W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 

5,  Quadrant,  Buxton. 

[We  much  regret  to  state  that  these  medals  may  fre- 
quently be  purchased  of  the  pawnbrokers  at  Woolwich 
and  other  places;  but  it  must  be  borne  in  mind  that,  if 
the  original  owners  are  still  living,  the  traffic  in  them  be- 
comes an  illegal  act] 


THE  KNIGHTS  HOSPITALLERS,  ETC. 
(3rd  S.  iii.  450.) 

In  my  last  communication  I  proposed  to  submit 
to  my  readers  a  parallel  showing  the  respective 
claims  to  legitimacy  put  forth  by  the  Roman 
Council  and  the  English  Langue.  I  now  beg  to 
redeem  my  pledge  to  that  effect,  and  shall  com- 
mence my  present  observations  with  a  reference 
to  the  leading  event  in  the  modern  history  of  the 
Order  —  an  event  in  which  both  parties  may  date 
the  origin  of  their  separation — namely,  the  disper- 
sion of  the  knights  from  the  seat  of  their  sove- 
reignty at  Malta  in  1798  ;  for  down  to  the  period 
of  that  date,  the  statutory  model  of  the  institution 
had  been  formally  preserved,  and  the  English 
Langue  (arbitrarily  deprived  of  its  possessions 
by  Henry  VIII.),  and  the  three  French  Langues 
(which  had  with  equal  injustice  been  despoiled  of 
their  estates  by  the  Directory)  were  still  ac- 
counted by  the  Order  itself  integral  portions  of 
the  general  fraternity.  The  capture  of  Malta  by 
the  French,  which  gave  a  death-blow  to  the  Order 
as  a  sovereign  state,  severed  into  fragments  the 
hitherto  associated  Langues,  and  the  dispersed 
knights  were  reduced  to  the  miserable  expediency 
of  seeking  a  home  wherever  humanity  might  offer 
a  refuge.  To  suppose  that,  from  this  period  to 
the  date  of  the  downfall  of  Napoleon,  any  assem- 
blage existed  which  could  constitute  a  legitimate 
representation  of  the  body  of  the  Order,  would 
be  but  an  idle  perversion  of  the  true  facts  of  the 
case ;  and  that  such  a  misstatement  should  ever 
have  appealed  to  our  belief  is  only  to  be  grounded 
on  the  interested  efforts  made  by  the  Italian 
members  to  resolve  themselves,  practically,  into 
a  sort  of  chapteral  association,  that  might  claim 
for  itself  an  independent  and  supreme  authority, 
supported  by  the  countenance  of  the  Pope,  and 
the  protection  of  certain  of  the  Catholic  princes. 
The  principle  advocated  in  support  of  this  expe- 
dient was  couched  in  the  assertion  that  property 


12 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


*»  S.  IV.  JULY  4,  '63. 


was  the  only  basis  of  the  existence  of  a  Langue ; 
and  that,  inasmuch  as   the  English  Langue  had 
been  stripped  of  its  revenues   at  the  period  to 
which  I  have   alluded,   and    the   three  French 
Langues  had  been  equally  denuded  of  their  re- 
spective  domains  during  the  great  Revolution, 
while  those  of  Spain  and  Portugal  had  withdrawn 
from  the  government  of  the  Order  when  the  Order 
could  no  longer  govern  itself,  it  followed  that  the 
German  and  Italian  Langues  which  alone  retained 
some  infinitesimal  portion  of  their  former  estates, 
should  constitute  the  only  surviving  remnant  of 
the  institution,  and  of  course  exercise  a  plenary 
jurisdiction  over  its  scattered  members.   But  that 
such  a  theory  was  ever  accepted  by  the  main 
body  of  the  Order,  which,  though  existing  in  dis- 
persed fragments,  and  deprived  of  any  collective 
power    by  the  adverse  course   of   events,    still 
claimed  an  indefeasible  right  to  exercise  all  the 
acts  of  sovereignty  whenever  an  opportunity  of 
re-union  presented  itself,  is,  on  the  very  face  of 
the  question,  a  most  palpable  and  absurd  impos- 
ture.    The  acts  of  the  few  fugitive  knights  who 
sought  an  asylum  at  St.  Petersburg,  and  who,  in 
concert  with  the  members  of  the  Russian  Grand 
Priory,  elected  the  half-mad  and  wholly  barbarous 
Paul  I.  their   Grand  Master,  and  this   too  —  so 
reckless  were  they  as  to  what  they  did  to  relieve 
themselves  from  the  pressure   of   destitution  — 
before  even  the  existing  Grand  Master,  Baron  de 
Hompesch,  had  abdicated  his  office,  could  never,  as 
a  matter  of  principle  only,  have  been  sanctioned 
and  confirmed  by  men  of  established  honour  and 
chivalric  sentiments.     The  impression  of  just  ridi- 
cule which  hailed  the  event  throughout  Europe  is 
still  well  remembered ;  and  the  proclamation  of 
Paul,  with  his  address  to  the  nobility  of  Christen- 
dom, urging  them  to  become  Knights  of  the  "  re- 
generated" order,    met  with  no   echo  but   the 
scarcely  suppressed  taunts   of  general  derision. 
The  farce  was  played  out ;  everything  in  the  so- 
called  Order  was  ludicrously  Russianized ;  and 
the  prostitution  of  the  cross  for  money,  and  for 
mere  purposes  of  political  intrigue,  quickly  fol- 
lowed.   The  assassination  of  Paul  soon  afterwards 
set  adrift  the  crowd  of  hapless  hangers-on,  who 
had  vainly  hoped  to  find  a  permanent  harbour 
from  distress  in  the  Russian  dominions.     It  were 
bootless  to  particularise  the  efforts  that  were  then 
made  to  rally  the  dispersed  exiles  of  St.  Peters- 
burg. ^  At  length,  an  Italian  Knight,  Giovanni 
Tomasi,  obtained  the   authority  of  the   Pope  to 
succeed  the  unfortunate  Czar  as  Grand-Master, 
but  he  soon  sickened  with  disappointment,  and 
followed  Paul  —  leaving  the  "  regenerated"  order 
in  the  hands  of  a  party  so  small  and  uninfluentia 
that  the  Pope  could  no  longer  conscientiously 
assist  in    the   appointment    of  another   Grand- 
Master,  and,   from  that  day  to  this,    an  officer 
called  the  "  Lieutenant  of  the  Mastership,"  has 


jeen  successively  substituted  for  the  former  dig- 
nitary. I  write  with  a  desire  to  state  nothing  that 
s  not  founded  in  perfect  truth  and  candour ; 
and,  in  describing  the  state  of  the  Order  as  thus 
represented  by  a  minute  fraction  of  its  members, 
under  the  protection  of  the  Pope,  and  as  thus 
taking  upon  themselves  the  reputed  supremacy 
of  the  institution,  I  shall  prefer  to  use  the  graphic 
words  of  a  most  memorable  Bailiff  of  the  Order, 
the  Count  de  Litta,  the  very  Knight  who,  as  am- 
bassador from  the  Grand  Master  de  Hompesch, 
invested  Paul  with  the  office  of  Protector  in  1797. 
In  speaking  of  the  debris  of  the  Order  assembled 
at  Rome  in  1838,  he  says,  in  a  letter  to  the  Council 
of  the  English  Langue,  still  preserved  in  its 
archives : — 

"  Apres  la  mort  de  Tomasi,  le  Sainte  Siege  a  nomme 
plusieurs  Lieutenants  du  Magistere,  qui  ont  regi  pro- 
visoirement  les  affaires  courantes  ct  les  derniers  de'bris  de 
1'Ordre,  et  les  Chevaliers  en  tres  petit  nombre,  et  devemts 
maintenant  decre'pits,  assistent  maintenant  a  Rome  a  an 
soi-disant  Chapitre  aux  derniers  moments  d'une  agonie 
prolongee  du  dit  Ordre." 

And  what  says  the  Secretary  of  the  Order  at 
Vienna  to  the  Commissioner  of  the  English  Langue 
in  1840? 

"  Yes,"  he  exclaimed,  "^1  am  Secretary,  or  anything 
else  you  please !  Chancellor,  if  you  will !  The  fact  is,  I 
do  the  work  of  the  Order,  and  it  is  too  poor  to  have  its 
grand  offices  filled  up,  so  that  you  may  look  upon  me  as 
representing  any  or  all  of  them.  We  have  crosses  and 
uniforms,  but  very  small  funds.  The  order  has  an  exist- 
ence, and  an  ostensible  chief  in  its  Lieutenant,  but  Met- 
ternich  really  governs  it." 

One  more  glimpse  of  still  later  date,  that  will 
satisfy  the  most  exigeant  reader  of  the  miserable 
state  of  degradation  into  which  the  Romish  party 
has  at  length  floundered,  after  all  its  intrigues 
and  manffiuvres  to  gain  and  exercise  a  sovereignty 
over  the  whole  of  the  disintegrated  branches,—- 
one  more  glimpse,  I  say,  of  this  wretched  fall  of 
the  once  potent  Order  "  from  its  high  estate"  into 
hopeless  and  almost  irremediable  abasement,  and 
I  will  drop  a  friendly  curtain  over  the  too  dis- 
tressing picture.  We  read,  under  the  date  of 
1858,  that  — 

"  A  scheme  has  been  laid  at  the  feet  of  the  Holy 
Father,  as  Head  of  the  Church  and  of  all  Religious 
Orders,  and  that  his  Holiness  received  the  proposals 
very  farourably,1  and  submitted  them  to  a  committee  of 
seven  Cardinals,  to  which  was  added  the  Head  of  the  Order, 
His  Excellency  the  Count  CoUoredo ! "  —  Sir  G.  Bowyer's 
Ritual  of  Profession,  &c. 

My  paper  having  far  exceeded  its  anticipated 
limits,  I  shall  pause  here,  requesting  my  reader's 
attention  to  its  continuation  in  a  following  number, 
when  I  will  give  a  concise  account  of  the  circum- 
stances which  led  to  the  re- incorporation  of  the 
English  Langue  —  the  only  Protestant  and  inde- 
pendent section  of  the  Order.  ANTIQUARIOS. 


3»'S.  IV.  JULY  4, '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


13 


SOURCE  OF  THE  NILE. 
(3rd  S.  iii.  470.) 

I  beg  to  call  your  attention  to  the  passages 
subjoined  in  writers  of  the  sixteenth  century, 
many  years  earlier  than  those  referred  to  in  your 
Editorial  article,  or  in  Dr.  Beke's  work,  en- 
titled— 

"  The  Sources  of  the  Nile ;  being  a  General  Survey  of 
the  Basin  of  that  River,  and  of  its  Head- Streams.  With 
the  History  of  Nilotic  Discovery.  1860." 

I  shall  not  attempt  to  compare  the  numerous 
authorities  on  the  various  relations  of  this  interest- 
ing subject  to  history  and  geography,  but  merely 
point  out  memorable  statements  of  authors  who 
have  not,  I  believe,  been  cited  in  the  notices  re- 
cently published :  — 

"  De  Barros,"  observes  Dr.  Beke,  "  speaks  of  a  great 
lake  in  the  interior,  of  which  accounts  had  been  received 
both  in  Congo  and  Sofala,  as  sending  forth  three  rivers  : 
namely,  the  Tacuy,  or  Nile ;  the  Zaire,  or  Congo ;  and  the 
Zambese,  or  Cuama.  Later  writers  describe  the  Nile  as 
flowing  from  two  lakes :  the  information  received  being 
vague  and  uncertain,  and  giving  rise  to  controversy ;  but 
being,  nevertheless,  substantially  correct." — P.  110. 

Similar  statements  then,  and  opinions  of  those 
who  lived  in  the  beginning  of  the  sixteenth  cen- 
tury, are  perhaps  as  worthy  of  insertion  as  those 
\  of  Pigafetta  and  Lopez ;  and  I  shall  not  further 
detain  the  reader  than  by  giving  the  title  of  the 
work  from  which  they  are  extracted,  viz. :  — 

"  De  Natura  et  Incremento  Niti  Libri  duo.  In  quibus 
inter  disputandum  pltires  alias  qusestiones  explicantnr. 
Authore  P.  Joanne  Baptista  Scortia,  Genuensi,  Theologo 
Societatis  Jesu.  Lugduni,  1617." 

"  Ultima  igitur  vera  et  omnino  indubitabilis  sententia 
est,  scaturire  Nilum  in  ./Ethiopia  loco  edito  ex  quo  etiam, 
ut  postea  dicemus,  originem  capit  Zuama,  quae  opposito 
cursu  a  Nilo,  in  Oceanum  Meridionalem  exoneratur,  et 
Coanza,  quse  influit  in  Atlanticum,  ad  radices  montium 
inter  Regnum  Goyamum,  Congense,  Caffatense  et  Mono- 
motapae,  qui  ab  incolis,  ut  habet  Paulus  Jovius  lib.  18, 
Cardanus,  et  Franciscus  Alvarez,  Beth  appellantur,  ab 
aliis  Caffates,  a  Theophrasto  Monies  Lunse,  quod  sua  alti- 
tudine  videantur  lunam  attingere,  a  Promatio  Samio, 
Aristotele,  lib.  i.  Meteor,  sum.  4,  cap.  1,  et  Authore  libri 

ile  Nilo,  Montes  Argenti Probatur  igitur  veritas 

liujus  sententiae  testimonio  oculati  et  fide  dignissimi  Da- 
vidis  Regis  ^Ethiopias,  qui  in  litteris  datis  anno  1521,  ad 
Emanuelem  Lusitania:  Regem,  et  aliis  datis  anno  1524, 
ad  Pontificem  Romanum,  allatisque  Clemeoti  VII.  Bono- 
mam,  ubi  cum  Carlo  V.  Imp.  aderat,  a  Francisco  Alvarez, 
lectisque  coram  Cardinalibus   et  universe  populo  anno 
>83,  die  29  Januarii,  quse  habentur  impressse  apud  Da- 
mianum  Goez  libro  de  moribus  et  relig.  ^Ethiopum  [vide 
bc/uitti  Htspania  lllustrata,  ii.  1293  et  1299],  et  Jo.  Bap- 
istam  Ramnusium  in  fine  ^Ethiopicje  peregrinationis  Fr 
258,  9],  scribit  se  in  ^Ethiopia  imperitare 
Itis  Kegnis  et  m  primis  Regno  Goyamo,  ex  quo  Nilus 
;t  onginem.     Item,  Antoniua  Fernandus,  Societatis 
Jesu  qui  diu  in  ^Ethiopia  vixit,  et  tandem  sanctissime 
obnt,  in  epistola  inde  scripta,  quam  ponit  Nicolaus  Go- 
aignus  lib.  i.  de  reb.  Abyss,  c.  11,  ait.  Magna  hujus  piscls 
(scil.  torpedinis)  copia  in  Nilo  reperitur  ad  extremes  Pro- 
vmcice  Goyama  fines,  uli  paltts  est  fundo  carens,  perennes 


habens  atque  mirabiles  ebullientium  aquarum  scaturigines. 
Hie  Ntto  principium  est." — Pp.  23-4. 

In  the  Bibliotheque  des  Ecrivains  de  la  Com- 
pagnie  de  Jesus,  par  Augustin  et  Alois  de  Backer, 
quatrieme  serie,  is  mentioned,  as  by  Antoine  Fer- 
nandez — 

"  Carta  ac  Provincial  de  Goa,  em  que  difusamente 
narra  de  sua  expedicao,  e  de  seus  companheiros  &  Etio- 
pia,  e  de  como  este  Imperio  fora  invadidado  no  anno  de 
1572,  pelos  Franceses  e  Turcos." 

BlBLIOTHECAR.  CHETHAM. 


SERMONS  UPON  INOCULATION. 
(3rt  S.  iii.  476.) 

I  believe  that  Dr.  Smiles  is  quite  correct,  and 
that  Dr.  Jenner  was  assailed  from  the  pulpit.  I 
have  a  distinct  recollection  of  reading  a  sermon  in 
which  vaccination  was  referred  to  as  an  impious 
interference  with  the  designs  of  Providence,  and 
in  which  Dr.  Jenner  was  distinctly  referred  to  as 
well  as  Mr.  King.  I  do  not  remember  by  whom 
the  sermon  was  preached ;  and  it  would  be  diffi- 
cult to  trace  it,  as  vaccination  was  given  as  only 
one  of  the  many  impieties  of  the  age.  It  was 
written  in  the  same  fanatical  spirit  as  the  former 
one  of  Dr.  Massey's  in  1722.  The  great  oppon- 
ents, however,  of  Dr.  Jenner,  were  found  among 
the  members  of  his  own  profession,  the  most 
violent  of  whom  was  a  Dr.  Benjamin  Moseley,  at 
that  time  a  physician  to  the  Chelsea  Hospital.  It 
may  interest  your  readers  to  supply  an  example 
of  his  arguments,  and  a  specimen  of  his  style. 

In  1799,  he  published  a  volume  of  Medical 
Tracts,  in  which  he  vigorously  attacked  "  the  new 
mania."  This  volume  was  republished  in  1800. 
He  was  not  content  with  this,  but  made  it  a  sub- 
ject of  a  separate  treatise.  This  was  published  in 
1804,  and  entitled  A  Treatise  on  the  Lues  Bovilla, 
or  Cow  Pox.  The  opening  paragraphs  will  show 
the  character  of  the  work  -.  — 

"  In  the  year  1798,  the  cow  POX  Inoculation  Mania 
seized  the  people  of  England  en  masse. 

"  It  broke  out  in  the  month  of  April — like  a  sympto- 
matic eruption  of  Nature:  the  planet  Mercury — the  de- 
lusive author  of  'vain  and  fond  imaginations'  —  being 
then  in  the  Zodiacal  sign  of  the  Bull. 

"It  increased  as  the  days  lengthened;  and  at  Mid- 
summer large  societies  of  the  medical  profession,  which 
were  first  attacked,  were  distempered  to  an  intolerable 
degree." 

This  is  a  very  curious  pamphlet,  and  is  a  fair 
sample  of  the  kind  of  hostility  Dr.  Jenner  had  to 
encounter.  The  opposition  called  forth  the  pub- 
lication of  a  jeu  d'esprit — The  Vaccine  Phantas- 
magoria; published  by  J.  Murray,  1808.  This  is 
a  poem  of  some  merit ;  but  principally  valuable 
as  an  introduction  to  several  curious  notes,  citing 
a  large  number  of  the  cases  which  Dr.  Moseley 
had  produced  against  the  new  practice,  and  which 


14 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  JULY  4,  '63. 


exhibit  as  large  an  amount  of  folly  and  extrava- 
gance as  can  be  anywhere  met  with.  In  one  of 
the  notes  a  publication  is  referred  to,  written  in 
the  same  style  as  those  of  Dr.  Moseley's,  but 
bearing  the  name  of  Ferdinand  Smyth  Stuart, 
Esq.  Mr.  Stuart  announces  that  he  is  a  physi- 
cian, and  relates  the  following  story,  which  is 
an  advance  upon  the  extravagance  of  Moseley 
himself :  — 

"  Among  the  numerous  shocking  cases  of  cow  pox 
which  I  have  heard  of,  I  know  not  whether  the  most 
horrible  of  all  has  yet  been  published,  viz.  that  of  a  child 
at  Peckham,  who,  after  being  inoculated  with  the  cow 
pox,  had  its  natural  disposition  absolutely  changed  to 
the  brutal;  so  that  it  ran  upon  all  fours  like  a  beast,bellow- 
ing  like  a  cow,  and  butting  with  its  head  like  a  bull! .' " 

Dr.  Stuart  tells  us,  that  he  has  not  had  time  to 
ascertain  whether  this  case  be  true.  This  avowal 
proves  the  character  of  the  whole  opposition,  and 
the  perfect  recklessness  of  the  opponents.  It  is  a 
proper  sequel  to  the  whimsical  notions  of  Dr. 
Moseley,  who,  in  his  treatise,  asks  :  — 

"  Can  any  person  say  what  may  be  the  consequences 
of  introducing  a  bestial  humour  into  the  human  frame 
after  a  long  lapse  of  years  ?  " 

Can  any  of  your  readers  supply  the  name  of 
the  author  of  The  Vaccine  Phantasmagoria?  I 
have  some  suspicion  that  it  was  a  lucubration  of 
Samuel  Rogers.  T.  B. 


FRENCH  LEGEND. 
(3rd  S.  iii.  491.) 

Many  continental  families  of  note  claim  descent 
from  the  fairy  Melusine,  and  the  story  on  which 
this  claim  is  founded  is,  in  all  probability,  the  one 
inquired  for  by  L.  M.  M.  R.  I  am  away  from 
my  books  at  present,  and  consequently  cannot 
gite  a  direct  reference;  but  Jean  d1  Arras  col- 
lected all  the  legends  concerning  this  fairy  princess 
about  the  beginning  of  the  fifteenth  century,  and 
the  collection  was  printed  at  Lyons  in  1544,  under 
the  title  —  S'ensuyt  ung  lean  liure  en  Francoys 
nomme  Melusine.  Quifut  file  au  Roy  Helynas  et 
femme  a  Raymondin. 

A  reprint  of  this  work  was  not  long  since  pub- 
lished in  some  of  the  French  antiquarian  collec- 
tions, but  I  cannot  at  present  say  in  which,  or 
under  what  title.  Having,  however,  at  one  time 
made  some  research  into  the  subject  of  alleged 
supernatural  ancestry,  I  am  acquainted  with  the 
story  of  Melusine,  which  may  briefly  be  told  thus. 
Pressine,  a  fairy,  married  Helynas  King  of  Alba- 
nie  [Wales  is  probably  the  country  referred  to], 
and  gave  birth  to  three  daughters;  the  eldest 
being  Melusine,  who  married  Raymondin,  Count 
of  Forez,  and,  by  her  occult  art,  built  for  him  the 
magnificent  chateau  of  Lusignan.  All  her  chil- 


dren were  of  surpassing  beauty,  though  each  was 
distinguished  by  some  pecularity  of  feature,  de- 
rived from  the  supernatural  character  of  the 
mother.  Vriam,  her  eldest  son,  had  one  eye  red, 
the  other  blue  ;  and  ears  as  large  as  the  sails  of  a 
windmill.  Odon,  the  second  son,  had  one  ear 
larger  than  the  other.  Guion,  the  third,  had  one 
eye  higher  up  than  the  other.  Antoine,  the  fourth, 
had  a  lion's  claw  projecting  from  his  cheek-bone. 
Regniault,  the  fifth,  had  only  one  eye,  but  he 
could  see  to  the  distance  of  twenty-one  leagues 
with  it.  GeofFroi,  the  sixth,  had  a  great  tooth 

E rejecting  from  his  mouth.  Froimond,  the  seventh, 
ad  a  large  mole  on  the  tip  of  his  nose ;  and  the 
eighth,  whose  name,  I  believe,  history  does  not 
mention,  had  three  eyes ;  one  being  placed  in  the 
back  of  his  head,  so  that  he  could  see  all  around 
him.  Vriam  married  the  heiress  of  a  King  of 
Cyprus,  and  founded  a  dynasty:  Guion  married 
a  princess  of  Armenia ;  Antoine  married  Chris- 
tine, daughter  of  a  duke  of  Luxembourgh ;  and 
Reignault  married  Aglantine,  heiress  of  a  king  of 
Bohemia.  Of  the  other  four  sons,  one  became 
King  of  Brittany,  another  Lord  of  Lusignan, 
another  Count  of  Parthenay,  and  the  last  entering 
the  church,  rose  to  the  chair  of  St.  Peter.  His- 
torians do  not  tell  us  which  of  them  was  the 
ecclesiastic,  but  I  may  be  excused  for  saying  pro- 
bably the  three-eyed  one,  as  he  would  naturally 
be  considered  the  most  circumspect  of  the  family. 

When  Melusine  married  Raymondin,  she  stipu- 
lated that  she  was  ever  to  pass  Saturday  alone  in 
her  private  apartment.  But  after  several  happy 
years  of  wedlock,  Raymondin,  incited  by  a  fatal 
curiosity,  bored  a  hole  in  the  wall  with  the  point 
of  his  sword,  and  peeping  through  one  Saturday, 
saw  his  wife  in  the  form  of  a  serpent.  She  imme- 
diately disappeared  with  a  shriek  of  despair,  and 
never  since  has  been  seen,  though  not  being  a  mor- 
tal, she  still  exists,  and  is  heard  wailing  around 
the  castles  of  her  numerous  descendants,  previous 
to  death  visiting  their  families.  Apartments  are 
said  to  be  still  kept  for  her  sole  use  in  several  old 
chateaux  in  France  and  Belgium. 

Melusine  is  a  very  ancient  superstition,  and 
consequently  a  very  widely  spread  one.  She  is 
the  German  Undine,  the  Irish  Banshee,  &c.  &c.  ; 
and,  to  the  student  of  Comparative  Mythology, 
affords  a  very  interesting  study,  in  more  ways  than 
one. 

Writing  from  recollection  alone,  I  would  refer 
L.  M.  M.  R.  to  most  works  on  French  genealogy 
and  heraldry  for  notices  of  the  alleged  descendants 
of  Melusine ;  and  Bullet,  Dissertation  sur  la  My- 
thologie  Franqaise,  entertains  the  subject  from  a 
Celtic  point  of  view.  I  have  somewhere  read, 
gravely  stated  as  a  historical  fact,  that  when  the 
Chateau  de  Lusignan  was  confiscated  by  the 
crown,  Melusine  was  not  only  heard  but  seen 
lamenting  on  the  platform  for  twelve  nights ;  she 


3rd  S.  IV.  JULY  4,  '63.  J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


15 


then  removed  from  it  for  ever,  taking  up  her  resi- 
dence in  the^Chateau  d'Enghien. 

WILLIAM  PIMCERTON. 


THE  LOOKING  GLASS. 
(3rd  S.  iii.  450.) 

The  little  book  entitled  The  Looking  Glass, 
which,  to  my  sorrow,  I  have  not  seen,  is  to  be 
found  mentioned  in  "  Antiquity  "  Smith's  Notte- 
kens  and  his  Times,  where,  in  his  account  of 
Banks,  the  sculptor  (vol.  ii.  p.  185),  he  gives  an 
extract.  At  p.  200  Smith  says, — 

"  Little  did  Mr.  Banks  think,  when  he  was  questioning 
this  youth,  that  nature  had  enriched  him  with  some  of 
her  choicest  gifts,  and  that  the  Royal  Academy  would,  in 
him,  at  this  moment,  have  had  to  boast  of  one  of  its 
brightest  members  in  the  name  of  Mulready." 

Many  years  ago  the  late  Thomas  Uwins,  R.A., 
lent  to  my  brother  Mr.  Felix  Roffe,  a  rare  and 
curious  little  book,  the  title  of  which  my  brother 
has  unfortunately  forgotten,  narrating  the  early 
career  of  an  artist.  Mr.  Uwins  himself  informed 
my  brother  that  the  young  artist  was  no  other 
than  William  Mulready,  and  that  copies  of  this 
little  book,  on  account  of  its  rarity,  and  the  artist 
alluded  to,  were  valued  at  two  guineas.  ABHBA 
may  tell  whether  this  is  the  same  work  as  The 
Looking- Glass,  for  my  brother  informs  me  that 
the  book  he  perused  was  adorned  with  some  fac- 
simile woodcuts  of  drawings  made  upon  the  wall, 
while  the  little  boy-artist  sat  upon  his  father's 
knee.  Of  the  father  it  was  stated  that  he  had 
been  a  soldier  "in  his  youth." 

As  it  is  very  laborious  and  somewhat  painful  to 
wade  through  the  rubbish  heaps  with  which  the 
modern  two-volumed  "  Lives  "  of  artists  are  en- 
cumbered, such  a  work  as  I  understand  The 
Looking  Glass  to  be  is  very  refreshing,  as  I  find 
to  be  the  case  with  a  rare  little  book  1  have  in  my 
possession,  entitled  Fortune's  Football.  It  is  a 
brief  autobiography  of  Isaac  Jenner,  a  painter 
and  engraver,  and  written  in  a  familiar  style,  be- 
ing, as  the  titlepage  informs  us,  "  most  humbly 
dedicated,  by  permission,  to  the  young  family  of 
the  Right  Hon.  Lady  Ann  Hudson."  To  this 
book  there  is  a  rudely.engraved  frontispiece,  re- 
presenting Isaac  Jenner  when  a  boy,  as  he  him- 
self says,  "  looking  over  the  treasures  of  an  old 
book  stall."  At  page  91  occurs  a  little  whole- 
length  portrait  of  Jenner,  in  his  crippled  condi- 
tion; it  is  agreeably  engraved  in  the  stipple  style, 
being  doubtless  executed  by  himself.  As  a  spe- 
cimen of  his  manner  of  addressing  young  folks, 
which  is  often  equally  pleasing  to  "  children  of  a 
larger  growth,"  I  offer  the  following  extract,  which 
will,  I  trust,  be  of  some  interest  to  many  Kentish 
worthies :  — 


"The  beautiful  bespangled  sky  smiled  on  our  short 
voyage,  and  the  gentle  breeze  wafted  us,  in  a  few  hours, 
to  "the  Albion  shore.  We  soon  reached  town,  where,  like 
Noah's  dove,  we  found  no  resting  place ;  so,  in  the  spring, 
we  went  to  the  camp  on  Soxheath,  where  I  assumed  the 
character  of  Daub ;  and  having  obtained  a  verbal  leave 
only  from  General  Pearson,  I  was,  while  exploring  the 
right  wing  of  the  camp,  taken  up  as  a  French  spy  by  the 
orderly  captain  of  the  quarter-guard,  a  gentleman  who 
had  lately  purchased  his  commission.  This  occurred  from 
a  joke  by  some  senior  officers,  who  urged  him  on  by  say- 
ing he  would  be  rewarded  with  thanks  and  preferment ; 
assuring  him  that  I  was  the  one  for  whom  a  great  reward 
had  been  offered,  which  he  would  obtain  as  a  farther  remu- 
neration for  his  signal  service.  My  friends  were  soon  in- 
formed of  this,  and  application  for  my  release  was  pre- 
sently made  at  the  head-quarters ;  but  General  Pearson 
was  from  camp,  so  I  remained  in  durance  from  eleven  till 
eight  at  night,  when  the  General  returned,  who  sent 
orders  for  my  liberation,  and  a  written  permission :  this 
last  was  delivered  to  me  privately,  and  I  was  in  solemn 
pomp  marched  between  two  soldiers,  who  escorted  me  to 
the  mess  room  of  my  particular  friend,  the  officer  of  the 
Dorset;  and  after  they  had  been  amused  with  my  re- 
cital of  the  adventure,  they  sent  me  home  to  my  own 
quarters,  which  were  opposite  their  quarter-guard:  to 
this  I  was  escorted  by  a  centinel,  lest  a  worse  mischance 
should  happen  to  me. 

"  The  next  day  I  continued  my  employment,  and  met 
with  no  more  impediments ;  so  I  finished  my  drawing, 
which  comprised  a  plan,  view,  and  survey,  from  which  I 
engraved  a  large  plate,  under  the  patronage  of  General 
Pearson.  This  obtained  me  a  handsome  subscription.  On 
the  strength  of  this,  and  the  encouragement  I  had  in 
portrait  painting,  I  returned  to  town  in  Xovember,  1779." 

EDWIN  ROFFE. 

Somers  Town. 


BAINBRIDGE. 
(3rd  S.  iii.  489.) 

I  possess  the  accompanying  notes  relative  to 
persons  of  the  name  of  Bainbridge.  I  fear  that 
they  are  too  fragmentary  to  be  of  much  service  to 
B.  A.  H. :  - 

1432.  "  Willelmo  Baynbrigg,  pro  conductu  j  paris  de 
beloos  pro  smeltura  plumbi,  &c.  12d."  —  Fabric  Rolls  of 
York  Minster,  1859,  p.  50. 

1514.  Christopher  Bainbridge  (Cardinal),  _  born  at 
Hilton  near  Appleby,  co.  Westmoreland,  died  1514.  His 
tomb  is  in  the  cloister  of  the  English  College  at  Rome.— 
Wood's  Athena  Oxon,  sub  nom.  "K  &  Q."  1st  S.  vol.  xii. 

'  15G8.  Mr.  Francis  Baynbrigg  of  Wheatley  Hill,  one  of 
the  supervisors  of  the  will  of  Christofer  Hall  of  Wyn- 
gate.— Durham,  Wilts  (Surtees  Soc.),  vol.  ii.  p.  276. 

1573.  Italphe  Blaxton  of  Silksworth,  gent,  leaves  "to 
everie  one  of  my  brother  Roger  Bainbrige's  children 
whiche  he  had  by  sister  Margaret,  the  elder  excepted, 
3,.  4d."—Ibid.  vol.  ii.  p.  202. 

1575.  John  Middleton  of  Barnard  Castle,  gent.,  married 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Richard  Baynbrigg  of  Snotterton, 
co.  Durham,  gent. ;  their  son  Antony  Myddleton  of  Newtou 
dates  his  will  Dec.  8.  1575.— Ibid.  vol.  ii.  p.  35. 

1587.  In  the  list  of  debts  attached  to  the  will  of"  Kaiphe 
Hedworthe  of  Pockerley,"  co.  Durham,  occurs  "  Heurie 
Banbrige  for  an  oxe  40s."— Ibid.  vol.  ii.  p.  311. 


16 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3«-d  S.  IV.  JULY  4,  '63. 


1588.  Mris  distance  Banebrigg  witnesses  the  will  of 
John  Eden  of  Windleston,  co.  Durham. — Ibid.  voL  ii.  p. 
328. 

1590.  Thomas  Blakeston,  "  layt  parson  of  Dyttynsal,  in 
the  countye  of  Durham,"  a  cadet  of  the  house  of  Blakis- 
ton  of  Blakiston,  leaves  to  his  aiece  Anne  Bainbrigg, 
31.  6s.  8d.—Ibid.  vol.  ii.  202. 

1597.  Richarde  Belassis  of  Morton,  in  the  parish  of 
Hpughton-in-the- Springe,  co.  Durham,  mentions  in  his 
will  bis  niece,  Katheren  Baynbridg Ibid.  vol.  ii.  p.  338. 

1642,  July  11.  The  House  of  Commons  order  "  that  Mr. 
"Wm.  Bainbrigge  of  Lockington,  in  county  of  Leicester, 
gentleman,  shall  have  leave  to  send  down  ten  musquets 
and  two  Carbines  to  Lockington." — Commons'  Journals, 
vol.  ii.  p.  664. 

1643.  John  Bainbridge,  son  of  Robert  Bainbridge,  by 
Anne  his  wife,  daughter  of  Richard  Everard  of  Shenton, 
co.   Leicester,    born    at    Ashby-de-la-Zouch.      Savilian 
Prof,  of  Astronomy  at  Oxford,  author  of  several  works  on 
Astronomy,  died  Nov.  3,  1643 ;  buried  in  Merton  College 
chapel. — Wood's  Athena:  Oxon.  sub  nom. ;  Lowndes'  Biblio- 
grapher's Manual  (Bonn's  ed.)  vol.  i.  p.  100. 

1643,  Sept.  1.  The  House  of  Commons  order  "  that  Mr. 
Tho.  Bainbrigge  shall  have  a  pass  to  go  to  Oxforde  to 
fetch  one  hundred  pounds  for  Colonel  Goringe,  prisoner  to 
the  Parliament." — Commons'  Journals,  vol.  iii.  p.  225. 

16 — .  Dr  Thomas  Baynbrigge,  Master  of  Christ's  Coll., 
Cambridge,  during  the  Great  Rebellion,  a  Puritan. — Le 
Keux,  Memorials  of  Cambridge,  1847,  vol.  i.  p.  87. 

16 — .  Ralph  Bainbridge  held  the  eleventh  prebend  at 
Ely;  was  ejected  during  the  Great  Rebellion;  died  before 
the  Restoration.  Walker's  Sufferings  of  the°mClergy,  1714, 
p.  21,  second  pagination. 

16—.  Bainbridge  and  Bukridge  Streets,  St.  Giles's, 
London,  now  removed,  "  were  built  prior  to  1672,  and  de- 
rived their  names  from  their  owners,  eminent  parishioners 
in  the  reign  of  Charles  the  Second."—"  N.  &  Q."  1st  S. 
i229. 

1669.  Thomas  Banbrige  of  Tunstall,  and  Ellen  his  wife, 
recusants. — Raine's  Depositions  from  York  Castle,  p.  170. 

1734.  Mr.  Earl  Bainbrigg,  to  be  warehouse  keeper  to 
the  Commissioners  of  the  Stamp  Office. — Gent.  Mag.  vol. 
v.  p.  51. 

1749.  Philip  Bainbrig  of  Lockington,  Esq.,  High 
Sheriff  for  Leicestershire. — Ibid.  vol.  xix.  p.  41. 

1753.  Sept.    James  Bainbridge  of  Leeds,  tobacconist, 
bankrupt. — Ibid.  vol.  xxiii.  p.  446. 

1754.  Richard  Bainbridge,  B.D.  formerly  Fellow  of 
University  Coll.,  Oxford,   presented  to  the  vicarage  of 
Harewood,  co.  York.    He  was  also  for  some  time  curate  of 
Allerton,  co.  York. — T.  D.  Whitaker's  Loidis  and  Elmete, 
pp.  132,  173 ;   Gent.  Mag.  vol.  xxiv.  p.  292. 

1769,  Jan.  5.  "Captain  Baiubridge,  to  Miss  Allgood, 
with  15,000?.,  married." — Gent.  Mag.  vol.  xxxix.  p.  54. 

1797,  Oct.  15.  At  Woodborough,  co.  Notts.,  Mrs.  Eliza- 
beth Bainbrigge,  owner  of  that  lordship  and  of  Locking- 
ton,  co.  Leicester,  aged  81.  She  was  the  last  of  her 
family,  and  was  buried  among  her  relations  at  Locking- 
ton.—  Ibid.  vol.  Ixvii.  p.  983 ;  vol.  Ixviii.  p.  902. 

1816.  Bainbridge,  G.  C.,  author  of  The  Fly  Fisher'* 
Guide,  8vo,  Liverpool,  1816.  Lowndes's  Bibliographer's 
Manual  (Bohn's  ed.),  vol.  i.  p.  100. 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

Botteaford  Manor,  Brigg. 

Dr.  John  Bainbridge,  an  eminent  physician  and 
astronomer,  was  born  at  Ashby-de-la-Zouch  in 
1582.  He  was  educated  at  the  Free  Grammar 
School  of  his  native  town,  and  was  afterwards 
sent  to  Emanuel  College,  Cambridge,  under  the 


tuition  of  his  kinsman,  Dr.  Joseph  Hall,  the  emi- 
nent Bishop  of  Norwich.  He  also  applied  him- 
self to  the  study  of  mathematics  and  astronomy, 
to  which  he  had  been-  devoted  from  his  earliest 
years.  Upon  his  removal  to  London,  he  was  ad- 
mitted a  Fellow  of  the  College  of  Physicians. 
His  Description  of  the  Comet  in  1618,  introduced 
him  to  an  acquaintance  with  Sir  Henry  Savile,  by 
whom  he  was  appointed,  in  1619,  his  first  pro- 
fessor of  astronomy  at  Oxford,  where  he  settled, 
having  entered  himself  a  Master  Commoner  of 
Merton  College,  for  some  years.  At  the  age  of 
forty  he  began  the  study  of  Arabic,  with  a  view  of 
publishing  correct  editions  of  the  ancient  astro- 
nomers. He  died  at  Oxford,  November  3,  1643, 
in  the  sixty-second  year  of  his  age.  His  works 
that  were  published  are,  An  Astronomical  Descrip- 
tion of  the  late  Comet,  from  November  18th,  1618, 
to  the  IGth  of  December  foUoiring,  London,  1619, 
4to  ;  Prodi  Sphara,  and  Ptolemcei  de  Hypothesibus 
Planetarum  liber  singularis ;  to  which  he  added 
Ptolemy's  Canon  Begnorum,  1620,  4to;  Canicu- 
laria,  published  at  Oxford  in  1648  by  Mr.  Greaves ; 
together  with  a  demonstration  of  the  heliacal 
rising  of  Sirius  for  the  parallel  of  Lower  Egypt, 
written  at  the  request  of  Archbishop  Ussher. 
Several  other  treatises  were  prepared  for  the 
press,  and  left  in  MSS.  HENRY  T.  BOBART. 
33,  Cambridge  Terrace,  Leicester. 


Cardinal  Christopher  Bainbridg  or  Baynbrigge, 
canonized  under  the  name  of  St.  Praxides,  was 
born  at  Hilton,  near  Appleby.  His  ancestry  seems 
uncertain,  unless  he  were,  as  some  suppose,  a 
brother  of  John  and  Richard,  of  Snotterton,  co. 
Durham,  near  the  borders  of  Yorkshire.  John 
and  Richard  seem  to  have  been  grandsons  of  John, 
bailiff  of  York,  A.D.  1419,  whose  tomb  may  be  seen 
in  York  Minster. 

2.  Of  Edward  Bainbridg,  1613, 1  know  nothing, 
but  in  Burke's   pedigree  of  John   Bainbrig,   of 
Wheatly  Hill,  co.  York,  the  names  Edward  Henry, 
b.   1609,    Samuel,   and  Abraham,   occur  among 
seven  sons  of  Robert  son  of  Thomas,  of  Ashby  de 
la  Zouche ;  the  said  Robert  married  twice,  and 
had  in  all    twenty-three  children.      The   elder 
brother  of  Thomas  was  Robert,  of  Lockington 
Hall,  Leicestershire. 

3.  I  have  not  the  ancestry  of  Dionysius  Bain- 
bridge,  but  he  married  Edith,  a  Protestant,  widow 
of  Edward  Fawkes,  proctor,  &c.  at  York,   and 
mother  of  the  renowned  Guy,  b.  1570,  and  three 
younger  children.     Both  the  Fawkes's  and  Diony- 
sius Bainbrigge  had  property   at  Scotton,  near 
Knaresborough.     The  stepfather  induced  Guy  to 
become  a  Roman  Catholic. 

I  hope  your  correspondent,  B.  A.  H.,  may  find 
some  of  the  above  particulars  useful  in  his  re- 
searches. M.  F.  nee  BAINBRIDGE. 


.IV.  JULY  4, '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


17 


TOTTENHAM,  M.P.  (2nd  S.  vii.  522.)  — Lieut. 
Colonel  Charles  G.  Tottenham,  the  new  M.P.  for 
New  Ross,  who  was  elected  on  the  6th  June  inst. 
by  a  majority   of  two   votes   only,   is  the   sixth 
Charles  Tottenham,  in  immediate  lineal  descent 
who  has  represented  that  borough  in  Parliament. 

H.  L.  T. 

GOLDSMITH  CLUB  (3rd  S.  iii.  490.)— The  Gold- 
smith Club  was  nothing  more  than  a  social  affilia- 
tion, established  in  the  year  1856-7  by  some 
gentlemen,  the  greater  number  of  whom  were 
contributors  to  a  Dublin  paper  called  The  Com- 
mercial Journal,  which  was  probably  the  firs 
cheap  British  newspaper  ever  established,  ant 
which  was  published  weekly  and  sold  for  l\d 
Its  prosperity  was  great  for  a  season,  as  its  cir- 
culation reached  to  about  16,000  copies ;  but  by 
the  secession  of  its  principal  correspondents,  anc 
other  causes,  it  ultimately  fell.  Some  of  the 
original  members,  however,  subsequently  became 
local  celebrities;  amongst  whom  I  may  mention 
S.  N.  Elrington,  now  editor  of  Saunders's  News 
Letter  (the  oldest  Conservative  journal  in  Ire- 
land), and  a  lyric  poet  of  recognised  ability ;  W. 
J.  Fitzpatrick,  author  of  the  lives  of  Dr.  Doyle, 
Lady  Morgan,  and  Lord  Cloncurry ;  Herbert  J. 
Stack,  now  editor  of  the  Birmingham  Daily  News, 
and  author  of  Madeline  ;  E.  L.  A.  Berwick,  author 
of  Eveleen,  the  Queen's  Dwarf,  &c. ;  Samuel 
Alfred  Cox ;  Professor  Shaw,  F.T.C.D. ;  Mark 
O'Shaughnessy,  barrister;  Sir  James  Murray, 
M.D. ;  Bond  Cox,  barrister ;  and  others  of  less 
mark.  Their  place  of  meeting  was  in  the  rooms 
of  the  Commercial  Journal,  kindly  given  them  by 
the  proprietor  ;  and  I  venture  to  say  that  there  is 
not  a  ci-devant  member  who  does  not  remember 
their  meetings  with  pleasure  and  regret.  J. 

Dublin. 

TIME  (3rd  S.  iii.  387.)  — 

"God  gives  us  time  by  parts  and  little  periods;  He 
gives  it  to  us,  not  as  nature  gives  us  rivers,  —  enough  to 
drown  us,  —  but  drop  by  drop,  minute  after  minute ;  so 
that  we  never  can  have  two  minutes  together,  but  He 
takes  away  one  when  He  gives  us  another.  This  should 
teach  us  to  value  our  time,  since  God  so  values  it,  and  by 
his  small  distribution  of  it  tells  us  it  is  the  most  precious 
thing  we  have."— Taylor,  from  Holy  Thoughts,  an  exqui- 
site little  book,  published  by  Simpkin,  Marshall,  and  Co., 
price  Is. 

AN  OBLIGED  CONSTANT  READER. 
WILLIAM  MARSHALL  (3rd  S.  iii.  484.)— To  com- 
plete the  list  of  Mr.  Marshall's  publications  it  may 
be  well  to  add  A  Review  of  "  The  Landscape,  a 
Didactic  Poem"  with  an  Essay  on  the  Picturesque, 
1796;  a  small  publication  On  the  Enclosure  of 
Lands,  1801 ;  and  a  paper  in  the  Philosophical 
Transactions  of  the  Royal  Society  of  London  for 
the  year  1783,  entitled  "An  Account  of  the  Black 
Canker  Caterpillar,  which  destroys  the  Turnips  in 
Norfolk,  in  a  Letter  to  Charles  Morton,  M.D., 


F.R.S."  This  paper  was  reprinted,  with  the 
omission  of  only  a  few  sentences,  in  the  abridge- 
ment of  the  Transactions,  by  Hutton,  Shaw,  and 
Pearson  (xv.  386),  and  was  quoted  in  the  first 
edition  of  Kirby  and  Spence's  Entomology  (i.  186), 
as  the  only  authority  for  the  information  there 
given  on  its  subject.  D. 

SHERIFFS  or  CORNWALL  (3rd  S.  iii.  494.)  — 
KAPPA  will  find  lists  of  sheriffs  of  Cornwall  in 
Polwhele's  History  of  that  county.  I  believe  that 
the  Rev.  F.  V.  J.  Arundell,  author  of  A  Visit  to 
the  Seven  Churches  in  Asia,  and  late  rector  of 
Landulf  in  Cornwall,  compiled  a  more  correct 
list  of  sheriffs  for  the  history  of  Cornwall  that 
he  intended  publishing.  I  do  not  know  who  the 
representatives  of  that  gentleman  are,  but  I  would 
suggest  to  them,  that  it  would  be  a  great  gain  to 
the  literature  of  his  county  if  they  were  to  deposit 
the  MSS.  of  his  "  History  "  in  the  library  of  the 
Royal  Institution  of  Cornwall,  at  Truro. 

THETANE. 

KAPPA  will  find  a  list  of  the  sheriffs  of  Cornwall, 
from  the  earliest  times  down  to  the  22  Charles  L, 
in  Harl.  MS.  2122,  No.  5.*  The  same  volume 
contains  also  similar  lists  for  the  other  English 
counties.  There  is  another  list  for  Cornwall, 
1647—1653,  Add.  MS.,  5832,  f.  181. 

JOHN  MACLEAN. 
Hammersmith. 

TURNING  THE  CAT  IN  THE  PAN  (3rd  S.  iii.  191, 
314.) — This  expression  would  appear  to  be  the 
equivalent,  or  perhaps  the  origin,  of  the  modern 
turn  coat.  It  is  used  in  this  sense  by  Sir  Hudi- 
bras  (in  canto  i.  of  Sutler's  f  Ghost,  or  Hudibras, 
Part  iv.),  the  worthy  knight,  about  to  make  him- 
self an  offering  to  delicate  love  by  hanging  himself 
in  a  barn,  pronounces  a  Cato-like  soliloquy :  — 

"This  said,  the  ladder  he  ascends, 
And  from  the  beam  to  swing  intends ; 
But  first  to  purge  his  conscience  means, 
And  make  confession  of  his  sins." 

In  the  course  of  this  "  last  dying  speech,"  he 
says :  — 

"  Like  Y k  I  took  the  test,  and  then 

Like  S — bury,  turn'd  cat  in  pan, 
Ofttimes  afraid  my  neck  would  be 
The  forfeit  of  my  loyalty." 

By  way  of  concluding,  I  take  leave  to  ask  by 
whom  this  fourth  part  of  Hudibras  was  composed  ? 
[t  is  dedicated  to  "  Henry,  Marquess  and  Earl  of 
Worcester,  &c.  by  T.  D." 


[*  This  list  commences  at  the  same  period  as  that  of 
fuller's,  namely,  Henry  II. ;  whereas  KAPPA  wishes  for 
ne  from  the  earliest  Norman  period. — ED.] 

t  "Butler's  Ghost:  or  Hudibras,  The  Fourth  Part. 
Vith  Eeflections  upon  these  Times.  London:  Printed 
or  Joseph  Hinclmarsh,  at  the  Black  Bull  in  Cornhill,  over 
gainst  the  Royal  Exchange,  1682." 


18 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  JriA-  4,  '63. 


Do  these  initials  represent  Thomas  Doggett  of 
the  "  waterman's  coat  and  badge  "  notoriety  ?  * 

CHESSBOROUGH. 

Harbertonford,  Devon. 

PLOUGHS  IN  CHURCHES  (3rd  S.  Hi.  429.)  — Up 
to  a  period  not  very  remote,  when  the  science  of 
road  making  was  in  a  very  primitive  state,  it  was 
customary  in  rural  districts  to  level  the  roads  by 
means  of  a  plough.  This  was  purchased  from  the 
parish  funds,  and  called  "  the  parish  plough,"  and 
when  not  in  use  was  generally  deposited  in  the 
church  porch  or  belfry.  Such  ploughs,  although 
not  now  used,  are  still  to  be  found  in  many  parts 
of  the  country,  as  well  as  at  Bassingbourn  and 
Barrington.  E.  V. 

ST.  PAUL  (3rd  S.  Hi.  458.)  —  The  supposition 
that  St.  Paul  was  unmarried  appears  to  derive 
support  from  the  apocryphal  tradition  of  the 
Ebionites,  that  Gamaliel  refused  to  give  him  his 
daughter  in  marriage.  MELETES. 

GENTILHOMME:  NOBILIS  (3rd  S.  Hi.  317.)  — 
Many  months  ago  you  were  kind  enough  to  con- 
sign to  the  editorial  limbo  some  weak  suggestions 
of  mine — opposed,  T  grant,  to  the  opinions  of  high 
authorities — as  to  the  derivations  of  certain  words 
in  common  use,  e.  g.  the  word  "  church,"  "  kirk," 
as  having  come  to  us,  not  from  the  Greek  /cupto*.-^, 
but  from  the  British,  "  cwr,  a  circle  "  (the  sacred 
circle,  or  periphery),  or  "CMTC,  a  rotundity," — 
the  plural  of  which  is  cyrcau.  With  some  trepid- 
ation, then,  I  venture  to  suggest  in  opposition  to 
the  "  nosco  "  theory,  that  Jiobilitt  is  the  contracted 
form  of  "  non  vilis,  not  common,"  as  opposed  to 
the  vilis,  or  "common  herd."  Horace  (Epist. 
lib.  ii.  36),  seems  to  make  use  of  "  vilis "  in  this 
sense :  — 

"  Scriptor  abhinc  annos  centum  qui  decidit  inter 
Perfeetos  veteresque  referri  debet,  an  inter 
Viles  atque  novos  ?  " 

The  Delphin  edition  paraphrases  the  latter 
portion  of  this  sentence  thus :  "  inter  veteres  et 
bonos  an  inter  ignobiles  et  recentiores  ?  " 

Whether  this  derivation  will  satisfy  A.  A.  is 
for  himself  to  determine.  CHESSBOROUGH. 

DENTITION  IN  OLD  AGE  (3rd  S.  iii.  499.)— There 
are  no  grounds  whatever  for  supposing  that  "  what 
occurred  to  the  old  gentleman,"  was  "not  the 
cutting  of  new  teeth,  but  the  reappearance  of  old 
ones,  through  the  falling  away  of  the  gums."  This 
supposition  necessarily  involves  the  previous  dis- 
appearance of  the  teeth.  Such  an  occurrence 
could  have  arisen  but  from  one  of  two  causes : 
either  inflammation  and  swelling,  or  hypertrophy 
of  the  gums.  We  have  no  evidence  that  the  old 
gentleman's  gums  swelled,  and  covered  and  con- 
cealed his  second  set  of  teeth,  after  these  had  made 
their  appearance  in  the  mouth ;  and  that,  by  the 


[*  This  doggrel  production  is  by  Tom  Durfey. — ED.] 


subsequent,  recession  of  the  former,  the  latter  be- 
came visible  for  the  second  time  under  the  de- 
nomination of  a  third  set.  We  might  as  readily 
imagine  the  octogenarian  to  have  been  the  subject 
of  tampas — a  disease  which  sometimes  attacks 
youn"  colts  when  shedding  their  teeth,  and  in 
which,  from  "inflammation  of  the  gums,  the  bars 
swell  and  rise  to  a  level  with,  and  even  beyond, 
the  edo-es  of  the  teeth"  (Youatt's  Horse,  1831, 
p.  134).  With  but  a  little  further  stretch  of 
imagination,  we  might  see  in  this  reappearance  of 
the°old  man's  teeth  an  evidence  of  that  second 
juvenescence  shadowed  forth  by  Hunter;  and 
miffht,  with  equal  pertinence,  pronounce  the  old 
boy  to  have  still  "a  colt's  tooth  in  his  head." 

J.  H.  PlCKFORD,  M.D. 

Brighton. 

"CRUSH  A  CUP:"  "CRACK  A  BOTTLE"  (3rd  S. 
iii.  493.)  —  The  prevalence  of  the  drunken,  and 
apparently  fashionable  English  custom,  that  gave 
rise  to  the  former  phrase,  is  well  shown  in  the 
following  quotation  from  Webster's  DeviFs  Law 
Case;  wliere  Julio  (Act II.  Sc.  1,)  is  being  baited 
for  his  riotous  living  :  — 

"  Rom.  [He  spends]  A  hundred  ducats  a  month  in 
breaking  Venice  glasses. 

"  Ariosto.  He  learnt  that  of  an  English  drunkard,  and 
a  knight  too  as  1  take  it." 

It  would  seem,  too,  that  a  chivalrous  colouring 
was  given  to  the  mere  drunken  act  of  bravado, 
when  lovers,  flap-dragonists,  and  others,  adopted 
the  custom  as  one  of  their  humours  or  fancies  ; 
and  the  time  is  within  the  recollection  of  older  men, 
when  glasses  were  broken  that  they  might  not  be 
sullied  by  the  wine  drank  to  a  less  noble  toast. 
See  also  a  quotation  from  Marston,  under  the 
word  "  Arms,"  in  Nares's  Glossary. 

The  phrase  of  "  cracking  a  bottle  "  arose,  doubt- 
less, from  the  ready  and  apparently  soldierly  habit 
of  deftly  knocking  off  its  neck.  Among  tavern 
roysterers  this  would  be  a  proof,  first  that  they 
were  men  of  valour,  who  had  made  money  in  the 
wars ;  and  secondly,  that  they  were  stout  drinkers, 
since  to  any  others  the  feat  after  the  first  few 
glasses  would  be  a  difficult  one.  BENJ.  EASY. 

CHAUCER  AND  HIS  EDITOR,  THYNNE  (3rd  S.  iii. 
453.)_William  Thynne  died  in  1546,  as  appears 
by  an  inscription  upon  his  monument  —  a  fine 
brass,  lately  restored  at  the  expense  of  the  pre- 
sent Marquis  of  Bath,  in  Allhallows  Barking. 
CHESSBOROUGH  is  right,  therefore,  in  questioning 
his  claim  to  be  considered  editor  of  the  edition  of 
1561.  I  believe  the  editions  produced  by  Thynne 
were  those  of  1532  and  1542.  I  write  at  a  dis- 
tance from  books,  but  I  think  I  have  read  some- 
where of  "  Tbynn's  fine  old  folio  of  1516." 

JLXTA  TUHRIM. 

THE  DANISH  INVADERS  (3rd  S.  iii.  467.)  — 
A.  E.  W.,  after  quoting  the  statement  of  Thierry, 


3rd  3.  IV.  JULY  4, '03.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


19 


that  in  787  the  fleets  of  Denmark  and  Norway 
reached  the  south  of  Britain  in  three  days,  and 
then  assuming  that  these  Scandinavian  fleets  con- 
sisted of  the  three  ships  spoken  of  by  Lappenberg, 
enters  into  a  speculation  of  some  length  respect- 
ing the  speed  of  the  vessels.  But  before  he  can 
arrive  at  any  satisfactory  conclusion  on  this  point, 
I  would  beg  leave  to  suggest  to  A.  E.  W.  that  it 
is  absolutely  requisite  that  the  original  authori- 
ties should  be  consulted.  What  leads  me  to  offer 
this  suggestion  is,  that  I  am  persuaded  that  the 
readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  would  look  with  great  in- 
terest on  the  result  of  his  researches. 

MELETES. 

SIR  CHARLES  CALTHROPE  (3rd  S.  iii.  489.)  —  A 
reference  to  a  MS.  pedigree  of  Calthorpe  (or 
Calthrope),  in  my  collection,  gives  the  following 
information  :  "  Charles  Calthorpe,  of  Lincoln's 
Inn,  was  eldest  [?]  son  of  Sir  Francis  Calthorpe  of 
Ingham,  by  his  second  wife  Elizabeth,  daughter 
of  Ralph  Berney,  of  Gunton,  Esq."  It  is  not  stated 
when,  or  where  he  died.  I  have  a  MS.  copy  of 
his  "reading"  on  copyholds.  Sir  Henry  Cal- 
thorpe, the  Recorder,  who  died  1637,  was  the 
second  son  of  Sir  James  Calthorpe  of  Cockthorpe, 
a  different  line  from  that  of  Sir  Francis.  His 
mother  was  Barbara,  a  daughter  of  John  Bacon, 
ofHesset,  Esq.  .  G.  A.  C. 

GREEK  AND  ROMAN  GAMES  (3rd  S.  iii.  490.)  — 
Your  Capetown  correspondent  has,  I  think,  mis- 
quoted the  passage  from  Justinian.  Should  it 
not  run  thus  ?  — 

"  Deinceps  vero  ordinent  quinque  ludos,  monobolon, 
contomonobolon,  quintanum  cordacem  sine  fibula,  et  peri- 
chyten,  et  hippicen,"  &c.  ? 

The  monobolos  was  an  athletic  exercise,  which 
consisted  in  throwing  summersaults,  or  leaping  by 
the  gymnast's  own  unaided  exertions  as  opposed 
to  the  conto-mono-bolos,  in  which  the  leap  was 
performed  with  the  aid  of  a  pole,  KOVTOS. 

The  cordax  was  a  rough  boisterous  dance,  horn- 
pipe, Irish  jig,  and  Highland  fling,  all  in  one,  in- 
dulged in  by  the  comic  chorus,  and  mentioned  in 
the  Greek  plays :  — 

" .        .        .        .        nor  brings 
On  the  stage  her  hornpipe-flings" 

Aristoph.  Clouds,  54.0. 

Quintanus  alludes  to  the  five  deep  rows  of 
which  the  chorus  was  composed,  though  its  num- 
bers varied.  As  the  cordax  required  freedom  of 
limb  in  its  performance,  the  sine  fibula  may 
easily  be  explained.  About  the  other  games  I 
am  not  so  confident.  The  pericliyte  was  some 
kind  of  contest ;  but  whether  the  term  implies 
that  it  was  fought  in  the  P.  R.,  or  that  the  per- 
formers contended  in  a  pool  of  water,  I  leave  to 
the  etymological  sagacity  of  UUYTE  to  determine 
(7repjx«&>)'  The  hippice  may,  probably,  be  identi- 


fied with  the  "  ludus  Trojas."  Is  there  no  work 
on  the  Sports  and  Pastimes  of  All  Nations,  An- 
cient and  Modern  ?  Surely  some  "  Strutt"  should 
step  forward  to  write  one.  CHESSBOROUGH. 

Harbertonford,  Devon. 

EPITAPH  IN  LAVENHAM  CHURCHYARD  (1st  S. 
vii.  235  etseq.)  —  "John  Weles,  ob.  1694  :  '  Quod 
fuit  esse,' "  &c.  The  epitaph  consists  of  two  hex- 
ameter lines  ;  and  propounds  the  Sphynx  of  Time 
(if  I  may  so  express  it)  in  presence  of  Death  itself, 
in  that  melancholy  vein  of  "the  dark  sayings," 
so  characteristic  of  the  Solomonian  philosophy  in 
the  Hebrew  Coheleth.  See  both  the  authentic 
and  apocryphal  Scriptures:  Eccl.  i.  9 — 11,  iii. 
15  ;  2  Esdras,  iv.  45-6,  et  alia. 

"  Quod  fuit  esse  quod  est  |  quod  non  fuit  esse  quod  esse  | 
Esse  quod  est  non  esse  |  quod  est  non  est  erit  esse." 

The  verbal  complication  is  unravelled  by  inser- 
tion of  est  at  the  carets,  and  quod  at  the  last  caret ; 
and  I  translate  thus  :  — 

What  was  to  be  is  what  is ; 
What  was  not  to  be  is  what  is  to  be ; 
To  be  what  is  is  not  to  be ; 
What  is  is  not  to  be  what  shall  be. 

Your  learned  correspondent,  JOSEPH  HAR- 
GROVE, a  scholar  of  Cambridge,  referred  to  in 
your  "  Notices "  of  June  20,  might  frame  a  very 
pretty  syllogism  out  of  this  quaint  metaphysical 
epitaph.  J.  L. 

Dublin. 

COLD  INFUSE  (3rd  S.  iii.  489,  519.)  — Madame 
de  Sevigne,  in  a  letter  to  her  daughter,  dated 
"  Aux  Rochers,  mercredi  26  Juin  1680,"  says  :  — 

"  Quand  je  trouve  les  jours  si  longs,  c'est  qu'en  verite', 
avec  cette  duree  infinie,  ils  sont  froids  et  vilains.  Nous 
avons  fait  deux  admirables  feux  devant  cette  porte 
c'etoit  la  veille  et  le  jour  de  Saint-Jean ;  il  y  avoit  plus 
de  trente  fagots,  une  pyramide  de  fougeres,  qui  faisoit 
une  pyramide  d'ostentation ;  mais  c'etoient  des  feux  a 
profit  de  menage,  nous  nous  y  chauffions  tous.  On  ne 
se  couche  plus  sans  fagot,  on  a  repris  ses  habits  d'hy  ver ; 
cela  durera  tant  qu'il  plaira  &  Dieu." 

G. 

Edinburgh. 

PROVERBIAL  QUERY  (3rd  S.  iii.  209,  439.)  — 
There  is  an  old  English  proverb  very  much  akin 
to  "  Meals  and  matins  minish  never,"  inquired  for 
by  MR.  HAYNES.  It  runs  thus  :  "  Prayer  and 
provender  never  hinders  a  journey."  I  met  with 
it  in  the  pages  of  an  old  commentator,  but  I  now 
forget  who  he  was.  I  remember,  however,  that  it 
was  quoted  as  an  old  proverb ;  and  very  pro- 
bably it  is  so  old  that  we  shall  not  be  able  to 
trace  its  parentage.  GEORGE  LLOYD. 

Thurstonland. 


20 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  JI-LY  4,  '63. 


NOTES  OX  BOOKS. 

History  of  England  during  the  Reign  of  George  the  Third. 
By  John  George  Phillimore.  ( Vol.  I.)  (Virtue  Bro- 
thers &  Co.) 

Mr.  Phillimore  tells  us,  that  the  greatest  of  English 
rulers  said  to  Sir  Peter  Lely,  "  Take  care  that  you  draw 
my  face  as  it  is,  vrith  all  its  wens  and  wrinkles ;  "  and 
asks  whether  the  citizen  of  a  free  state,  who  undertakes 
to  paint  the  history  of  his  country,  should  shrink  from 
the  same  liberty  in  behalf  of  truth  ?  The  answer  is  ob- 
vious— he  should  not.  But  Mr.  Phillimore's  book  suggests 
another  query — ought  the  citizen  of  a  free  state,  on  the 
strength  of  such  citizenship,  to  take  the  one- sided  liberty 
of  painting  nothing  but  the  wens  and  wrinkles  ?  Such 
is  what  Mr.  Phillimore  appears  to  us  to  have  done  both 
with  regard  to  George  III.  and  the  people  of  England. 
He  has  scarcely  a  single  good  word  for  the  monarch, 
whose  court  formed  so  marked  a  contrast  between  those 
which  preceded  and  those  which  succeeded  it,  and  cer- 
tainly he  has  few  more  for  the  people  whom  that  mon- 
arch governed.  Dissenting,  as  it  will  be  seen  w6  do,  en- 
tirely from  the  views  of  the  author,  we  are  bound  to  testify 
to  the  ability  which  he  displays.  He  is  no  careless 
writer ;  no  hasty  vamper  up  of  second-hand  facts,  and 
borrowed  opinions.  He  is  a  good  hater,  but  gives  good 
reasons  for  his  hatred;  and  although  the  impression 
left  npon  the  mind  after  the  perusal  of  the  volume  is,  that 
Mr.  Phillimore's  opinions  were  unalterably  fixed  before 
he  began  to  examine  the  materials  on  which  they  ought 
to  have  been  formed,  there  is  no  doubt  that  he  has 
worked  hard  and  zealously  at  his  self-imposed  labour; 
and  the  result  is  a  book  vigorously  and  ably  written, 
which  will  be  read  with  interest  even  by  those  who  are 
utterly  unable  to  agree  either  with  the  conclusions  which 
the  writer  draws,  as  to  the  causes,  or  the  results  of  the 
events  which  he  describes,  or  with  his  view  of  the  charac- 
ters of  the  chief  actors  in  those  stirring  and  perilous 
times. 

The  Works  of  William  Shakespeare.  Edited  by  William 
George  Clark,  M.A.,  Fellow  and  Tutor  of  Trinity  College, 
and  Public  Orator  in  the  University  of  Cambridge,  and 
John  Glover,  M.A.,  Librarian  of  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge. Vol.  I.  (Macmillan  &  Co.) 
We  have  here  the  first  volume  of  The  Cambridge  Shake- 
speare, which  appears  under  the  editorship  of  the  Public 
Orator  and  the  Librarian  of  Trinity ;  Mr.  Luard,  who 
was  to  have  been  associated  with  them,  having  been 
compelled  by  his  election  to  the  Registrarship  of  the 
University  to  relinquish,  at  least  for  the  present,  his 
share  in  the  responsibility  of  its  production.  The  chief 
characteristics  of  the  present  edition  are,  first,  that  it  is 
based  on  a  thorough  collation  of  the  four  Folios,  and  of 
all  the  Quarto  editions  of  the  separate  plays,  and  of  sub- 
sequent editions  and  commentaries;  secondly,  that  it 
gives  all  the  results  of  this  collation  in  notes  at  the  foot 
of  the  page,  with  conjectural  emendations  collected  or 
suggested  by  the  editors  or  their  correspondents;  so  as  to 
furnish  the  reader,  in  a  compact  form,  with  a  complete 
view  of  the  existing  materials  out  of  which  the  text  has 
been  constructed  or  may  be  amended.  Thirdly,  in  all 
plays  of  which  there  is  a  Quarto  edition,  differing  from 
the  received  text  to  such  a  degree  that  the  variations 
cannot  be  shown  in  foot-notes,  the  text  of  the  Quarto 
literatim  is  printed  in  a  smaller  type  after  the  received  text. 
Thus,  to  the  Merry  Wives  of  Windsor,  the  editors  have 
added  the  Pleasant  Conceited  Comedie  of  Sir  John  Fal- 
staffe  and  the  Merry  Wives  of  Windsor  from  the  edition 


of  1602,  preserved  among  CapelPs  Shakespeariana  at  Cam- 
bridge. Lastly,  the  editors  add  at  the  end  of  each  play  a 
few  notes :  (a)  to  explain  such  variations  in  the  text  of 
former  editions  as  could  not  be  intelligibly  expressed  in 
the  limits  of  a  foot-note;  (6)  to  justify  any  deviation 
from  their  ordinary  rule  in  the  text  or  the  foot-notes; 
and  (c),.  to  illustrate  some  passage  of  unusual  difficulty 
or  interest.  To  carry  out  these  objects,  the  editors  have 
laboured  long  and  diligently,  as  a  glance  at  any  page  of 
their  work  will  show.  Not  only  do  Messrs.  Clark  and  Glover 
appear  to  have  collated  carefully,  and  weighed  consider- 
ately all  the  various  editions  of  the  poet — and  one  moment's 
reflection  as  to  what  those  editions,  from  Pope,  Warburton, 
and  Theobald  (who,  we  are  glad  to  see,  receives  justice  at 
hands  of  the  Cambridge  editors)  to  those  of  Collier,  Dyce, 
and  Singer  amount  to,  will  give  some  idea  of  the  labour 
of  so  doing ;  but  they  have  in  addition  gone  through  the 
various  articles  in  the  magazines,  The  Athenecum  and  Notes 
and  Queries,  culling  from  them  all  that  they  deemed  neces- 
sary for  giving  completeness  to  such  an  edition  of  the 
poet's  works,  as  they  had  proposed  to  themselves.  The 
edition  is  one  which  every  student  of  Shakspeare  will  hail 
with  satisfaction,  as  it  affords  him  the  best  means  of  judg- 
ing what  is  the  correct  text  of  the  poet,  and  what  are  the 
most  valuable  of  the  illustrations  which  his  writings  have 
received ;  and  we  are  sure  that  those  who  have  worked 
hardest  in  the  same  field  will  be  the  warmest  in  their 
acknowledgments  of  the  good  service  rendered  by  Mr. 
Clarke  and  Mr.  Glcver  to  the  writings  of  William  Shak- 
speare. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  fce.  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentleman  by  whom  they  are  required,  whose  name  and  address 
are  given  for  that  purpose :  — 

BOHALDKIRK;  the  History  of  the  Tithe  Cause  tried  in  1815,  between  the 
Itev.  Reginald  Bligh,  Rector  of  Romaldkirk,  and  John  Benson,  Far- 
mer. 8vo.  London,  1815. 

AUTOBIOGRAPHY  OF  MATTHEW  ROBINSON,  VICAR  op  BCRNESTO.V,  by  J. 
E.  B.  Mayor.  8ro.  Cambridge,  1856. 

LIFE  OF  HENRY  JENKINS,  by  Mrs.  Anne  Saville  of  Bolton  in  York- 
shire. 12mo.  Salisbury. 

AN  HISTORICAL  SKETCH  op  THE  PRIORY  OF  ST.  OSWALD  AT  NOITFL,  by 
R.  G.  Batty,  M.A.,  Incumbent  of  Wragby.  8yo.  London,  1856. 

A  MISCELLANY  OP  INGENIOUS  THOUGHTS,  REFLECTIONS,  IN  VERSE  AND 
PROSE,  by  Tamworth  Reresby,  Gent.  4to.  London,  1712. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Edward  Hailstone,  Horton  Hall,  Bradford. 


.i  C0ms'}j0tt0ntts. 

THE  "FAERIB  QUEENE"  UNVEILED;  THE  PHILOSOPHER'S  STONE;  THZ 
ROD;  EARLDOM  OF  ERROL;  RALEIGH  ARMS,  and  other  articles  of  in- 
terest in  our  next. 

BOOK  EXCHANGE.  TFe  have  a  plan  for  this  u»dfr  consideration, 
which,  when  matured,  will  probably  meet  the  requirements  of  our  friends. 

THE  INDPX  TO  THIRD  VOLUME  op  THIRD  SERIES  is  at  press,  and  wHl 
le  imued  with  "  N.  &  Q."  of  Saturday  the  I90i  instant. 

W.  E.  BAXTER.  For  the  origin  of  the  phrase  Way-goose,  or  Wayz- 
goose,  the  printers'  festival,  see  our  2nd  S.  iv.  91, 192. 

X.  Y.  Z.  The  history  of  the  Scotch  ifftrical  Version  of  the  Psalms 
mil  be  found  in  Holland's  Psalmists  of  Britain,  i.  53;  ii.  31—38.  Consult 
also  "  N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  vi.  200, 278. 

F.  C.  A  Commentary  upon  Genesis,  printed  for  Richard  Chiswell 
in  1695,  4 to,  is  by  Bishop  Symon  Patrick. 

Answers  to  other  Correspondents  in  our  next. 

ERRATA. —3rd  8.  iii.  p.  485,  col.  i.  line  47,  for  "provisional"  read 
"provincial;"  p.  490,  col.  i.  line  9,  for  "Tarquinic"  read  "Tar- 
gumic." 

"  NOTES  AND  QOERIES  "  !'.»•  publifhcd  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  HalJ- 
yearlji  INDEX)  is  Us.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favotir  of  MESSRS.  BELL  A.\D  DALDY,  186,  FLEET  STKIET,  E.C  ,  to  whom 
«H  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


Full  benefit  of  reduced  duty  obtained  by  purchasing  Iforniman's  Pare 
Tea;  very  choice  at  3.-'.  4d.  and  4«.  "High  Standard"  at  ie.  4d.  ( for- 
merly ts.  Sd.),  is  the  strongest  and  mast  delicious  imported.  Agents  in 
every  town  supply  it  in  Packets. 


3'a  S.  IV.  JULY  4,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 
AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIEF  OFFICES  •  3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 

""KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 

Directors. 

H.  E.  Bicknell,  Esq.  _       The  Hon.  R.  E.  Howard,  D.C.L. 

T.  Somers  Cocks,  Esq.,  M.A.,  J.P.      James  Hunt,  Esq. 


Geo.  H.  Drew.  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.  Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,  M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 


John  Leigh,  Esq. 

Kdm.  Lucas,  Esq. 

F.B.  Marson,  Esq. 

E.  Vansittart  Neale,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq., M.A. 

Jas.  Lys  Seager,  Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White,  Esq. 


Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary. — Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Kates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  tne  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MKDICAI,  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOB  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14s. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
mnch  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


MR.  HOWARD,  SURGEON -DENTIST,  52, 
FLEET-STREET,  has  introduced  an  ENTIRELY  NEW  DE- 
SCRIPTIUN  of  ARTIFICIAL  TEETH,  fixed  without  springs,  wires, 
or  ligatures.  They  so  perfectly  resemble  the  natural  teeth  as  not  to  be 
distinguished  from  the  originals  by  the  closest  observer  ;  they  will 
never  change  colour  or  decay,  and  will  be  found  superior  to  any  teeth 
ever  before  used.  This  method  does  not  require  the  extraction  of  roots, 
or  any  painful  operation,  and  will  support  and  preserve  teeth  that  are 
loose,  and  is  guaranteed  to  restore  articulation  and  mastication.  De- 
cayed teeth  rendered  sound  and  useful  in  mastication.  —  At  home  from 
Ten  till  Five. 


OSTEO      E  I  3>  O   N. 

Patent,  March  1,  1862,  Ko.  560. 

/GABRIEL'S     SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 

27,  Harley  Street.  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 
134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 

Consultations  gratis.  For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  sac,,  see  "  Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth."  Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

nOLOURED    FLANNEL     SHIRTS.— 

\J  PRIZE  MEDAL  awarded  to  THRESHER  &  GLENNY  for 
very  fine  and  superior  Flannel  Shirts,  India  Tweed  Suits,  and  India 
Gauze  Waistcoats,  List  of  prices  on  application  to  THRESHEK  & 
GLENNY,  General  Outfitters,  next  door  to  Somerset  House,  Strand. 

HOLLOW  AY'S   OINTMENT   AND    PILLS.— 
The  proofs  of  cures  of  the  most  virulent  maladies  and  chronic 
ulcers  speak  louder  than  any  words  to  the  merits  of  these  incomparable 


ESTABLISHED  1333. 

VICTORIA  LIFE   ASSURANCE  COMPANY, 

V  18,  KING  WILLIAM  STREET,  CITY,  B.C. 

THOMAS  NESBITT,  Esq.,  CHAIRMAN. 
O'B.  B.  WOOLSEY,  Esq.,  DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN. 
Every  description  of  Life  Assurance  business  is  transacted. 
Advances  are  made  on  Mortgage  of  Freehold  Property,  Life  and 
Reversionary  Interests,  &c.,  and  also  to  Assurers  on  Personal  Security. 
The  Assets  exceed  £38O,OOO,  and  the  Income  is  over  £G8,OOO 
per  annum. 

Four-fifths  of  the  entire  Profits  are  appropriated  to  the  Assured. 
Three  divisions  of  considerable  amount  have  already  taken  place. 

WILLIAM  RATRAY,  Actuary. 

THE    LIVERPOOL     AND    LONDON 
FIRE  AND  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 
Established  in  1836 — Empowered  by  Special  Acts  of  Parliament. 
OFFICES  :— 1,  Dale  Street, Liverpool ;  20 and  21,  Poultry, London, E.G. 
The  ANNUAL  REPORT  for  the  past  year  shows  the  following 
results— which  evidence  the  progress  and  position  of  the  Company. 

ACCUMULATED  FUNDS  £1,417,808  8s.  4d. 

Annual  Premiums  in  the  Fire  Department        -       -    £436,065 

Annual  Premium!  in  the  Life  Department        -       -    £138,703 

The  liability  of  the  Proprietors  is  unlimited. 

SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 

JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 


remedies.  A  grateful  patient  writes  from  Kingstown  under  date 
une  21st,  1863  :  —  "  I  am  happy  to  bear  my  testimony  to  the  wonderful 
owers  of  your  Ointment  and  Pills  in  curing  me  ot  the  most  distressing 


Piles  and  Lumbago,  after  every  other  means  had  failed."  Can  any 
statement  be  more  to  the  point  '{  Any  language  more  striking  or  con- 
vincing, or  any  result  more  gratifying  ?  What  'a  load  of  suffering  and 
anxiety  was  in  this  case  rolled  away  by  the  proper  application  of  these 
noble  curatives  !  IJad  legs  and  swelled  ankles  readily  succumb  to 
Holloway's  medicaments. 


THE  FIFTH  DIVISION  OF  PROFIT  UP  TO  THE 
20iH  NOVEMBER,  1862. 

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Original 
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mium. 

Premium 
now 
Payable. 

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43  11    8 
8  10    4 
9  10    0 
126    0    0 
14  11    8 
132    0    0 

£   s.    rf. 
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1  19    4 
10  12    8 
64    6    8 
928 
98    7  Iff 

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Date  of  Policy. 

Age. 

Sum 
Assured. 

Original 
Premium 
now 
extinct. 

Annuity. 
Payable. 

IfWfi 

54 

2 

1000 

£   K.    d. 
b-i    0    0 

4  *.    d. 
838 

August  
August  
March  

1836 
1837 
1R42 

56 
60 
61 

500 
2000 
500 

29    3    4 
135    3    4 
32  19    2 

9    1    3 

75    6    8 
1  17    4 

Amount  of  Claims  paid £1,291,062  18    4 

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CONTENTS  OF  No.  78.  —  JUNE  27TH. 

NOTES: —  The  "Arcadia"  Unveiled— Ring  Mottoes  — Sir 
Robert  le  Grys  —  MS.  Book  of  Polish  Prayers  and  Litanies 

—  Legend  of  Sir  Francis  Drake  —  Sale  of  James  Ander- 
son's   Library,  1724  — The    Spilsbury  Family  and  John 
Hall,  Bishop  of  Bristol. 

MINOR  NOTES:  —  Haydn's  "Dictionary  of  Dates,'' revised 
and  enlarged  by  Benj.  Vincent,  1861  —  Dr.  Johnson  and 
Demosthenes  —  Charles  Lamb  —  The  Origin  of  the  Name 
of  Belbroughton. 

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[3rd  S.  IV.  JULY  11,  '63. 


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the  Nile  —  Sermons  upon  Inoculation  —  French  Legend 

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NOTES  AND  QUEBIES. 


21 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JULY  11,  1863. 

CONTENTS.— NO.  80. 

NOTES  •  —  The  "  Faerie  Queene  "  Unveiled,  21  —  Parish  Re- 
gisters :  Askerswell,  Dorset,  22  — Earldom  of  Errol,  23— 
The  Rev.  John  Sampson,  24— Prices  of  Old  Books,  25. 

MINOR    NOTES  :  —  Gazetteer  —  Milton :  Schiller :  Coleridge 

—  Old  English  Criticism  on  Titian  —  Oliver  Cromwell's 
Face  —  Wale,  25. 

QUERIES:  — Milton  Portrait,  26  —  Anonymous  Books  — 
Baker-legged:  Walsall  Legged  —  Bradmoor  Church  — 
Bridport:  its  Local  History  —  Richard  Champion  — The 
Epistle  to  the  Hebrews  —  Mr.  Fitzgerald  —  Henry  de 
Lacv,  Earl  of  Lincoln  —  "  The  Hindu  Priestess  "  —  William 
Little,  the  Bristol  Grammarian— London  an  Ecclesiastical 
Metropolis  —  Mossing  a  Barn — Death  of  the  Czar  Nicholas 

—  Numismatic  Queries  —  Proverb  respecting  Truth  —  Sir 
John  Stradling's  "  Glamorgan  "  —  Family  of  Bray— Hand- 
asyde  —  Quartermaster,  Carriagemaster,    Sergeant-Major 

—  Regiments  in  America — Sundry  Queries  —  Whitehall, 
27. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS:  —  St.  Brannock  — Turkish  Gun 
in  St.  James's  Park  —  An  American  Poet  —  Twill,  29. 

EEPLIES  :  —Knights  Hospitallers,  &c.,  30  — Law  of  Lau- 
riston,  31— The  Rod,  32  —  Ralegh  Arms,  33  — Robert  An- 
derson, 34  — "The  Council  of  Ten"  — Irish  at  Cressy  — 
A  singular  General :  Guerin  de  Montaigu — Attack  on  the 
Prince  of  Wales  —  The  Grave  of  Anne  Boleyn—  Head  Mas- 
ters of  Repton  School— Meaning  of  Bouman —  "  Right 
Worshipful  the  Mayor "  —  Sinaitic  Inscriptions :  ReV. 
Thomas  Brockman  —  Riding  the  Stang  —  Insecure  En- 
velopes—  Cosmogony  of  Joannes  Zonaras:  Firmament  — 
Provincial  Newspaper  —  Rev.  John  Ball  —  Origin  of  the 
Word  Bigot  —  Cloudberry  —  Epigram  —  John  Gwynn,  Ar- 
chitect, &c.,  35. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


THE 


FAERIE  QUEENE"  UNVEILED. 

LETTER  I. 


The  following  pages  may  in  some  respects  be 
regarded  as  a  continuation  of  the  Arcadia  un- 
veiled ;  for,  although  the  Faerie  Queene  was  com- 
menced before  the  Arcadia,  yet  Spenser,  dazzled 
by  the  splendour  of  that  romance,  and  blinded  by 
his  love  and  admiration  of  Sidney,  undoubtedly 
swerved  from  his  course  in  the  second  book,  and 
appears  to  have  been  greatly  influenced  thereby 
in  the  third  and  fourth. 

On  looking  into  the  Faerie  Queene,  after  reading 
the  Arcadia,  we  are  struck  by  the  resemblance 
between  the  three  brothers  Anaxius  and  the  three 
Sarazins  —  Sansfoy,  Sansloy,  and  Sansioy  ;  nor  can 
we  doubt  they  also  are  three  personations  of  the 
Earl  of  Oxford.  Further,  a  suspicion  readily 
arises,  not  easily  resisted,  that  as  the  Earl  of  Lei- 
cester is  represented  in  Prince  Arthur,  his  great 
opponent,  Lord  Burghley,  may  be  shadowed  in 
Archimago,  the  great  magician  Hypocrisy.  Several 
curious  points  confirm  this  suspicion  ;  as  the  re- 
cognition of  Archimago,  the  false  St.  George,  by 
"  the  bloody  bold  Sansloy,"  but  more  especially 
by  a  singular  circumstance  in  the  second  book, 
which  will  be  duly  noticed. 

The  principal  adventures  of  the  Redcrosse 
Knight  [Sir  Philip  Sidney],  on  a  closer  inspec- 
tion, appear  to  admit  of  a  plausible  solution.  He 


starts  on  St.  George's  Day,  in  1579,  and  after 
long  travels  slays  Sansfoy  :  then  wanders  on  to  the 
"  sinful  House  of  Pride,"  which  he  quits,  having 
overthrown  Sansioy,  who  is  carried  by  Duessa 
to  Pluto's  realm.  These  two  adventures  may 
refer  to  the  quarrel  with  Oxford,  and  to  the  dis- 
cussion with  Queen  Elizabeth  about  nobles  and 
commoners  in  the  month  of  September.  St. 
George  is  then  conquered  by  the  giant  Argoglio, 
and  thrown  into  a  dungeon ;  but  is  released  by 
Prince  Arthur,  after  a  confinement  of  nine  (fairy) 
months.  Pride  was  certainly  one  of  Sidney's  be- 
setting sins,  at  least  in  his  earlier  years,  as  witness 
his  Dudley  blood  and  his  ambassadorial  journey 
to  Vienna;  but  his  pride  must  have  received  a 
sudden  fall  on  the  birth  of  Leicester's  son,  and, 
"on  the  tilt- day  next  following,  Sidney  assumed 
an  impress  with  the  word  Speravi  dashed  through, 
to  show  that  his  hope  therein  was  dashed."  The 
nine  months'  incarceration  in  the  dungeon  is  an 
allusion  to  '  the  interesting  state '  of  the  Countess 
of  Leicester ;  and  this  ingenious  supposition  is 
confirmed  by  a  similar  piece  of  allegorical  hu- 
mour in  the  third  book,  when  Merlin  replies  to 
Glauce :  — 

"  Beldame,  by  that  ye  tell 
More  need  of  leach-craft  hath  your  Damozell, 
Than  of  my  skill :  who  help  may  have  elsewhere, 
In  vain  seeks  wonders  out  of  magick  spell." 

Book  IIL  iii.  16, 17. 

In  the  seventh  canto,  stan.  44,  Una  tells  Prince 
Arthur  the  Dragon  "  has  them  [her  parents]  now 
four  years  besieged  to  make  them  thrall :"  from 
this  remark,  we  may  infer,  Spenser  dates  the  dan- 
ger to  the  Protestant  faith  from  Queen  Elizabeth's 
refusal  of  the  sovereignty  of  the  Netherlands  at 
the  end  of  the  year  1575. 

In  the  ninth  canto,  Prince  Arthur  tells  St. 
George  about  his  quest  of  the  Faerie  Queene  : — 
"  Nine  months  I  seek  in  vain,  yet  ni'll  that  vow  unbind." 

Hence  it  appears,  the  Prince  commenced  his 
wanderings  the  very  day  Simier  told  the  Queen, 
in  February,  1579,  of  Leicester's  marriage  with 
the  Countess  of  Essex ;  and  it  must  have  been 
her  majesty's  angry  countenance  that  so  charmed 
Prince  Arthur  in  his  dream,  —  these  are  fairy 
transformations.  (Book  i.  ix.  15.) 
The  knights  then  part  — 

"  Arthur  on  his  way  to  seek  his  love, 
And  th'  other  for  to  fight  with  Una's  foe." 

St.  George  is  then  saved  from  Despair  ;  and  Una 
brings  him  to  the  "  House  of  Holinesse,"  whence 
he  goes  to  fight  and  overcome  the  Dragon ;  or,  in 
other  words,  he  delivers  his  famous  letter  against 
the  marriage  with  Anjou  to  Queen  Elizabeth 
about  Christmas,  1579. 

Although  we  are  not  in  general  justified  in 
giving  tbe  same  faith  and  credence  to  poetical 
representations  as  to  historical  statements  ;  yet 
the  coincidence  between  the  Arcadia  and  the 


22 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  JULY  11,  '63. 


Faerie  Queene  forces  on  our  mind  the  conviction, 
that  Lord  Burghley  did  act  insidiously  and  in- 
vidiously to  Sir  Philip  Sidney  on  that  occasion. 

Book  II.— In  the  second  book,  at  the  end  of  the 
fourth  canto,  we  are  forcibly  struck  by  the  names 
of  Pyrochles  and  Cymochles,  two  Paynim  knights ; 
and  to  our  astonishment,  we  find  the  two  follow- 
ing cantos  are  a  satire  on  the  Arcadia,  or  at  least 
on  the  two  heroes,  Pyrocles  and  Musidorus ;  and 
it  may  be  surmised,  we  have  here  the  gentle 
Spenser's  dire  revenge  for  Sidney's  satirical  play- 
fulness in  his  first  Arcadian  eclogue,  where  he 
represents  Strephon  [Spenser]  in  love  with  Ura- 
nia. There  is  a  sly  humour,  a  hard  hit,  in  the 
description  of  the  fight  between  Pyrochles  and 
Sir  Guyon,  who, "  him  spying  all  breathless,  weary, 
faint,"  — 
"  Struck  him  so  hugely,  that  through  great  constraint 

He  made  him  stoop  perforce  unto  his  knee, 

And  do  unwilling  worship  to  the  Saint, 

That  on  his  shield  depainted  he  did  see ; 

Such  homage  till  that  instant  never  learned  he." 

Book  n.  v.  xi. 

The  passage  is  too  long  for  quotation,  but  it  is 
impossible  to  mistake  the  humorous  satire,  when, 
Pyrochles,  seized  with  Furor,  rushes  wildly  into 
the  Idle  Lake,  and  is  saved  by  Archimago :  — 

*  What  flames,"  quoth  he,  "  when  I  thee  present  see 
In  danger  rather  to  be  drent  than  brent  ?  " 

Book  n.  vi.  47 — 49. 

This  passage,  we  may  presume,  has  reference 
more  immediately  to  Sidney's  application  to  Lord 
Burghley  in  January,  1583 ;  that  he  might  be 
joined  with  his  uncle,  the  Earl  of  Warwick,  in 
the  Ordnance  Office.  The  passionate  ardour  of 
Sir  Philip  for  military  fame  and  active  employ- 
ment, and  his  disgust  and  weariness  of  a  cour- 
tier's idle  life,  sufficiently  demonstrate  how  perfect 
is  the  allegory,  and  that  Archimago  in  this  in- 
stance is  undoubtedly  Lord  Burghley. 

Musidorus,  the  hardworking  student,  in  love 
with  philosophy,  is  represented  under  the  name 
of  Cymochles  as  "  given  to  all  lust  and  loose  liv- 
ing," sojourning  with  the  vile  Acrasia  in  "vain 
delights  and  idle  pleasures  in  her  Bower  of  Bliss." 
Spenser,  in  this  picture,  appears  to  have  drawn 
the  Bower  of  Bliss  and  the  loose  loves  of  Acrasia, 
as  a  contrast  to  the  sufferings  of  Pamela  and 
Philoclea  under  the  tyranny  of  Cecropia  ;  nor  can 
we  doubt  that  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,  is  shadowed 
in  Acrasia;  whom  Sir  Guyon,  after  destroying  the 
Bower  of  Bliss,  sends  with  a  strong  guard  to  the 
fairy  court.  Nor  can  we  doubt,  that  the  sati- 
rizing of  the  Duke  of  Anjou  and  Simier  as  Brag- 
gadochio  and  Trompart,  had  its  origin  in  the  story 
of  Antiphilus. 

There  is  no  historical  evidence  in  what  year 
this  second  book  was  written ;  but  we  know 
Spenser  had  commenced  the  first  book  before 
April,  1580;  and  in  July  he  went  as  secretary 


with  Lord  Grey  to  Ireland.  On  his  return  to 
England  in  August,  1582,  we  may  imagine  him 
reading  the  adventures  oftheRedcrosse  Knight  to 
his  friend,  and  how  highly  Sir  Philip  was  charmed 
therewith.  Spenser  afterwards,  on  reading  the 
Arcadia,  discovers  that  Sidney  had  been  quizzing 
him  as  Strephon  in  love  with  Urania ;  and  hence 
his  retort-courteous  in  this  second  book,  which 
must  consequently  have  been  composed  in  1583, 
or  at  least  a  rough  sketch  of  the  first  six  cantos 
for  circulation  amongst  private  friends.  C. 

(To  be  continued.') 


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parchment,  tolerably  perfect  and  regular,  contain- 
irtg  baptisms,  weddings,  and  burials  from  1558  to 
1721.  Vol.  II.  is  a  long  narrow  folio,  also  of 
parchment,  containing  the  usual  entries  from  1722 
to  1812.  The  remaining  volumes  are  modern 
and  without  interest.  The  parish  is  small,  and 
the  population  can  never  have  exceeded  300,  the 
entries  are  therefore  few.  This  circumstance  has 
given  the  successive  registrars  time  for  careful 
writing  and  correctness ;  few  registers  could  have 
been  better  kept. 

Book  I.  is  entirely  in  Latin,  and  must  have  been 
kept  entirely  by  the  clergyman,  as  most  country 
registers  were.  In  large  town  parishes,  a  profes- 
sional scribe  was  more  usually  employed  to  copy 
the  clerk  or  clergyman's  rough  book ;  this  would 
be  unnecessary  of  course  in  small  places  where 
the  entries  would  be  few.  Though  generally  re- 
gular, there  is  a  peculiarity  about  this  register 
which  I  have  never  remarked  elsewhere.  Here 
and  there  you  find  a  strange  mixture  of  dates — 
entries  of  the  sixteenth,  seventeenth,  and  eigh- 
teenth centuries  being  jumbled  together  on  one 
Eage.  In  fact,  the  person  who  had  charge  of  the 
ook  during  the  latter  years  of  its  use  having 
come  to  the  natural  end  of  his  parchment,  made 
his  entries  from  time  to  time  wherever  he  could 
find  a  vacant  space  in  the  previous  pages.  This, 
I  suppose,  from  motives  of  economy,  or  from  the 
difficulty  of  getting  a  new  book  at  so  great  a  dis- 
tance from  London.  The  book  contains  some 
little  memoranda  besides  the  usual  contents  of  a 
register.  The  date  of  each  rector's  induction  is 
regularly  entered ;  and  on  p.  8  is  an  abstract  of 
the  tenths  due  on  the  several  tythings  from  the 
rector  to  the  crown,  being  the  copy  of  an  ordi- 
nance made  anno  1545,  "  descripta  ex  libro  veteri 
chartarum." 

Thomas  Whynnell,  rector  1594  to  1638  by  whom 


S.  IV.  JULY  11,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


23 


this  abstract  was  entered,  has  inserted  also  a  re- 
cord of  his  own  birth  and  baptism  "  at  Haslebnry 
Briant,"  squeezing  it  into  its  right  place  amongst 
the  Askerswell  baptisms  of  1560.  He  has  done 
a  similar  thing  with  regard  to  his  marriage,  which 
took  place  not  in  this  parish,  but  "at  Wareham  24° 
Julii,  1590."  This  is  inserted  in  the  midst  of  the 
burials  for  1590 ! 

Another  of  the  rectors,  Wm.  Locke,  1705-1722, 
has  inserted  above  the  baptismal  entries  of  his 
own  children  that  curious  astrological  device, 
called  "  natuitas."  Amongst  the  peculiarities  of 
this  register  may  be  noticed  the  fact  that  for  many 
years  it  served  for  the  use  of  two  parishes,  Askers- 
well and  Chilcombe.  The  latter  is  a  very  small 
parish,  which,  though  a  separate  incumbency,  and 
under  separate  patronage,  has  been  frequently 
held  with  Askerswell.  It  contains  a  population  of 
less  than  thirty  souls,  and  had  no  register  of  its 
own  till  quite  late  in  the  last  century. 

It  can  hardly  be  expected  that  the  registers  of 
so  small  and  secluded  a  parish  should  contain  any 
names  of  note.  Hutchins  has  copied  into  his 
invaluable  History  of  Dorset  (sub.  "Bridport 
Division,  Eggardon  Hundred,")  all  the  entries  of 
any  importance.  These  are  chiefly  those  that  re- 
late to  the  family  of  Eggardon,  or  De  Eggardon, 
who  possessed  an  estate  of  the  same  name  lying 
around  the  famous  Eggardon  Hill  in  the  parish. 
They  seem  to  have  been  wealthy  yeomen,  and 
were  the  principal  parishioners  during  the  six- 
teenth and  seventeenth  centuries.  Other  families 
commemorated  are  Welsh,  or  Walsh  (rector), 
Whynnell  (rector),  Lock,  Hardy,  Trenchard, 
Gundry,  Waddon  (armiger),  Burge  (clericus), 
Case  (clericus),  and  Byshop. 

Hutchins's  remarks  on  the  Dorset  registers  are 
usually  judicious  and  correct ;  but  he  has  made  a 
mistake  in  describing  the  Askerswell  register  as 
"imperfect  from  1571  to  1575."  Those  years  are 
to  be  found  correctly  entered  with  the  certification 
of  the  rector's  signature.  The  record  of  mar- 
riages, however,  is  imperfect  from  1572  to  1586. 
A  memorandum,  under  date  of  1595,  will  confirm 
MR.  BURN'S  opinion  —  that  even  the  best-kept 
parchment  register,  being  only  a  copy  of  the  ori- 
ginal, is  not  an  infallible  document. 

"  1595.  Note,  that  certain  names  were  omitted  partly 
by  negligence,  p"?  in  that  the  olde  paper  Registre  was  in 
some  places  torn ;  in  other  places  so  badly  written,  that 
it  c4  not  well  be  proved." 

The  frequent  recurrence  in  this  very  small 
register  of  the  word  illegitima  amongst  the  bap- 
tisms, does  not  say  much  for  the  morality  of 
country  villages  in  the  sixteenth  and  seventeenth 
centuries. 

No  alteration  in  the  form  and  character  of  this 
register  appears  during  the  Commonwealth  period. 
The  rector  managed  to  retain  his  living  through 
all  the  troubles,  from  1642  to  1662 ;  and  in  com- 


mon with  some  others  of  the  clergy,  continued  to 
keep  his  own  register  in  the  accustomed  manner 
in  spite  of  the  various  Acts  of  Parliament.  This 
affords  a  confirmation  of  what  E.  V.  contends  for 
in  3rd  S.  iii.  296.  No  lay  registrar  appears  to 
have  been  appointed  for  this  small  and  isolated 
place ;  and  probably  even  the  ancient  church 
discipline  was  observed  without  interruption. 

Of  burials,  the  average  for  two  centuries  in  this 
salubrious  parish  was  about  three  per  annum; 
and  in  many  years,  "  nemo  sepultus,"  is  all  that 
is  recorded.  The  following  entry  is  peculiar,  as 
recording  the  moment  of  decease  :  — 

"  1683.  Elizh  Locke,  uxor  Guel.  Locke,  Rect,  mortua 
fuit  16  Aug.,paulo  'post  crepusculum,  sepulta  20  die  ejusd. 
mensis." 

Book  II.  contains  less  that  is  interesting  than 
the  older  volume.  It  bears  an  inscription  on  the 
inside  of  the  cover :  "  Bought  by  John  Travers, 
C.  W.,  in  the  year  1723,  price  twelve  shillings." 

It  is  written  in  English,  and  chiefly  remarkable 
for  the  age  of  persons  buried.     The  early  entries 
omit  the  age,  but  from  the  final  pages  I  copy  the 
following  almost  at  random  :  — 
"1783.  R.  Hansford,  91. 
1788.  Elizh  Hansford,  widow,  100. 
1810.  VV.  Whittle,  92. 

.  Mary  Hansford,  103. 

.  Eliz"h  Hansford,  93." 

Figures  like  these,  and  the  figure  eighty  is  still 
more  common,  in  a  register  of  burials  containing 
only  some  two  or  three  names  in  each  year,  speak 
well  for  the  salubrity  of  this  part  of  the  country. 
INTER  PUTEOS  OCTO. 


EARLDOM  OF  ERROL. 

In  the  speech  of  the  late  Lord  Campbell,  when 
moving  the  rejection  of  the  claim  of  Lord  Fitz- 
hardinge  to  the  barony  of  Berkeley  by  tenure,  his 
lordship  made  some  general  remarks,  without  much 
reflection,  as  to  the  power  of  the  crown  to  give  a 
subject  the  power  of  nominating  his  successor  to 
his  peerage.  He  laid  it  down  as  an  incontro- 
vertible proposition,  that  in  no  civilized  country 
could  the  Crown  delegate  such  a  privilege.  Of 
course  his  lordship  was  the  best  judge  of  what 
English  lawyers  hold  on  the  point ;  but  we  must 
be  permitted  to  remark,  that  however  incom- 
petent this  power  might  be  in  the  South,  it  was 
perfectly  competent  and  was  frequently  exercised 
in  the  North.  The  Rutherford  case,  for  instance, 
where  under  such  a  delegation  the  peerage  was 
carried  by  a  last  will  and  testament  to  persons  of 
the  same  name,  although  not  heirs  male  of  the 
nominator.  There  are  various  similar  instances ; 
but  we  may  just  mention  one,  which  is  somewhat 
interesting  from  the  narrow  chance  the  noble  lord 
had  of  keeping  his  peerage.  The  representation 


24 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  JULY  11,  '63. 


of  the  old  family  of  Hay  of  Errol  had  devolved 
on  an  heir  female  —  a  Boyd  of  the  attainted  race 
of  Kilmarnock.  In  virtue  of  powers  conferred 
by  charter  on  one  of  the  Earls  of  Errol,  he  was 
authorised  by  a  deed  under  his  hand  to  name  a 
successor.  This  he  did,  and  the  result  was  that 
the  peerage  devolved  on  a  Boyd,  who  took  the 
name  of  Hay.  The  second  Earl  of  the  Boyd 
family  was  elected  one  of  the  Scotish  repre- 
sentative peers  ;  but  his  election  was  challenged 
because  the  nomination  was  then  supposed  to 
be  lost.  It  was  not  on  record,  neither  had  it 
been  confirmed  by  the  Crown.  By  a  remarkable 
piece  of  good  fortune,  pending  the  discussion 
before  the  Committee  of  Privileges,  it  was  picked 
up  by  a  stranger  who  had  been  searching  among 
the  rubbish  which  had  been  left  in  the  "  laigh  " 
Parliament  House,  as  it  was  termed,  but  which 
had,  after  removal  of  most  of  the  records,  which 
were  in  a  very  wretched  condition,  been  used  by 
the  Faculty  of  Advocates  as  a  sort  of  lumber-room. 
This  anecdote  was  communicated  by  the  late 
eminent  genealogical  lawyer  John  Riddell,  Esq , 
and  I  think  he  also  stated  that  the  individual  who 
found  it  was  the  late  Mr.  Archibald  Constable ; 
at  all  events  that  it  came  into  the  hands  of  that 
eminent  bookseller,  who  forwarded  it  to  Lord 
Errol's  agents. 

Thus  a  new  patent,  for  such  the  nomination 
truly  was,  unrecorded  and  unconfirmed  by  the 
Crown,  was  held  by  the  highest  authority  in  the 
kingdom  (19  May,  1797)  to  be  legal  in  every 
respect,  valid,  and  effectual.  And  his  lordship 
never  questioned  for  a  moment  the  power  of  the 
Crown  to  delegate  this  privilege  to  a  subject. 

J.  M. 


THE  KEY.  JOHN  SAMPSON. 

I  have  often  wished  to  see  some  pains  taken  to 
collect  accounts  of  the  rough  hard-headed  scho- 
lars and  mathematicians  of  the  north  of  England, 
of  whom  Emerson  is  so  marked  a  type.  A  com- 
mon form  of  education,  increased  facilities  of  in- 
tercourse between  the  different  parts  of  England, 
and  other  things,  have  stopped  the  growth  of  this 
class.  I  have  not  the  means  of  procuring  any 
information  about  them  ;  but  I  think  it  might  be 
possible  to  engage  others  in  the  undertaking. 
The  amusing  Life  of  Emerson,  prefixed  to  his 
Works,  would  be  a  model  for  the  biographies  I 
should  like  to  see,  in  everything  but  length. 

I  have  before  me  a  collection  of  the  remains  (in 
Latin  verse)  of  the  Rev.  John  Sampson,  Master 
of  the  Free  Grammar  School,  Kendal  (born  there 
1766;  died,  1843).  Without  going  to  the  Uni- 
versity, he  was,  at  nineteen,  Master  of  the  Free 
School  at  Old  Hutton.  He  obtained  ordination 
in  1789  ;  and  held  various  curacies  and  teacher- 


ships  until  1804,  when  he  was  chosen  master  of 
the  school  in  which  he  had  received  his  education. 
He  used  to  say  that  he  had  walked  several  cir- 
cumferences of  the  globe  in  going  to  take  Sunday 
duty ;  but  this  must  have  been  guess  without 
calculation.  He  married  his  predecessor's  widow, 
who  seems  to  have  thought  that  her  power  over  a 
boy  educated  at  the  school  could  not  cease.  It 
was  not  enough  to  lock  himself  into  a  room  :  he 
had  sometimes  to  escape  by  the  window,  and,  on 
one  occasion,  he  got  down  by  a  ladder  into  the 
neighbouring  grounds.  In  an  epitaph  which  he 
wrote  on  himself  he  made  no  secret  of  this  mis- 
fortune ;  we  may  presume  his  wife  could  not 
read  it :  — 

"  Ecquis  honestior  in  terris  hoc  vixit  honesto  ? 
Qui  fuit  et  vitiis  firmus  et  officiis. 
Ecquis  et  hunc  miserum  potuit  miser  aequiparare  ? 
Perstitit  at  patiens  quod  decuit  faciens  ? 
Ultima  pars  vitaa  dedit  huic  solatia  parva ; 
Si  causam  quaerat  qui  legit,  uxor  erat. 
Tempore  sed  dubio  mundum  miser  ille  parabat 
Linquere  nee  gemitu,  vivere  nee  fremitu. 
Nam  functus  fato  non  desperabat  habere 
Postea  delicias,  postea  divitias." 

He  was  a  stern  master,  and  wrote  the  following 
about  the  old  symbol  of  his  office :  — 

"  Pigros  castigo,  doctrinae  tristis  origo, 
Verbera  ne  paveas,  desidiam  caveas." 

A  boy,  under  examination  for  admission  into 
the  school,  was  given  a  Latin  adage  to  read  :  one 
of  his  pronunciations  was  "  cermtur."  "  Now 
thou  can  scan  that,  I  dare  say,"  said  the  master. 
The  boy  at  once  gave  the  following  hexameter : — 
"  Amic  |  us  cer  |  tus  in  |  re  in  |  certa  cer  |  nitur." 

"  Aye !  I  thought  thou  could  scan  it,"  said  Mr. 
Sampson.  The  story  ends  here :  no  doubt,  be- 
cause the  young  Theban  was  not  yet  in  the  schooL 
The  book  of  remains  is  Lusus  Seniles;  opus- 
culum  quo  scriptor  otia  tranquillius  contereret.  In- 
choatum  A.D.  1809.  Kendal,  J.  Hudson  ;  London, 
Whittaker  &  Co.,  1844  (12mo,  pp.  60).  Some  of 
the  shortest  specimens  will  bear  extracting  : — 

"  Etymon  adverbii  extemplo. 
Ex  templo  scelerata  solet  cito  currere  turba, 
Hinc  venit  extemplo  significare  cito. 

"  Quisnam  igitur  sapiens  ? 
Virgilii  libris  '  hominum  sator  atque  Deorum,' 
Supremi  titulus  dicitur  esse  Jovis ; 
Si  Flacco  '  sapiens  uno  minor  est  Jove '  credas, 
Quod  sapiens  hominum  sit  sator  unde  patet. 

"  Maro. 

Libertatis  amor  te  visere,  Roma,  Maronem 
Fecit,  sed  Romam  (nee  mom)  linquit  item ; 
Ornatus  lauri  ramo,  vel  durius  armo, 
Oram  Parthenopes  optat  adire  Maro. 

"  Sinon. 

Troja  maneret  adhuc,  jam  starent  Pergama,  si  non 
Omnia  vertisset  perfidus  arte  Sinon." 

Mr.  Sampson  is  said  to  have  raised  many  good 


3rd  S.  IV.  JULY  11,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


scholars.  He  is  described  as  a  diligent  and  pains- 
taking teacher ;  always  eccentric,  and  often  severe. 
Nothing  here  given  contradicts  any  part  of  the 
character.  A.  DE  MORGAN. 


PRICES  OF  OLD  BOOKS. 

People  are  continually  moralising  on  the  rapid 
fluctuation  of  taste  and  fashion,  in  the  matters 
of  dress,  manners,  food,  hours,  amusements,  &c. 
Have  not  the  same  variations  occurred  very 
markedly  within  the  last  half  century,  in  the 
literary  taste  of  the  public,  and  the  value  set 
upon  particular  classes  of  books  ? 

Many  of  us  remember  the  high  prices  formerly 
charged  by  Lunu,  Payne,  and  other  London  book- 
sellers, particularly  for  good  editions  of  the  Greek 
and  Latin  classics  :  when  a  Wesseling's  Herodo- 
tus was  marked  eight  guineas ;  Duker's  Thucy- 
dides,  seven;  Kuster's  Aristophanes,  and  the 
Elzevir  Scapula's  Lexicon,  the  same  price ;  and  I 
saw,  in  Bliss's  shop  at  Oxford,  a  large  paper  Ste- 
phens's  Greek  Thesaurus  priced  seventy  pounds ! 

We  remember,  too,  the  famous  Roxburghe  sale ; 
and  the  high-flown  language  in  which  Dibdin 
trumpeted  forth  "  the  valour  of  the  noble  com- 
batants," and  "  the  furious  onslaughts  "  made  by 
them  on  each  others'  purses. 

Alas !  what  would  that  grandiloquent  little 
man  have  felt  and  said,  if  he  had  attended  a  book- 
sale  which  took  place  last  week  in  this  county  ? 

A  friend,  who  was  present,  writes  to  me  as 
follows :  — 

yesterday.     The 


"  I  went  to  the  auction   at 


auctioneer  said  he  had  an  offer  of  fifteen  pounds  for  the 
old  books  which  were  named  in  his  advertisement.  I 
think  they  were  very  dear  at  the  money.  /  made  him  an 
offer  of  one  halfpenny  per  Ib.  for  all  the  rest  of  the  books, 
and  they  were  knocked  down  to  me  at  that  price  !  I  have 
got  about  six  hundred  weight  of  books.  There  are  about 
forty  folios,  as  many  quartos,  and  about  two  hundred 
octavos :  many  of  them  old  divinity,  between  the  years 
1600  and  1700.  Among  them  I  found  a  Book  of  Com- 
mon Prayer,  printed  by  Bill  and  Newcomb,  with  forty- 
five  well  executed  steel  plates,  1704.  Among  the  folios 
are  the  works  of  Jackson,  Hammond ;  Bacon's  Sylva ; 
Heylin's  Cosmography  ;  Ussher's  Antiquitates ;  Tillotson's 
Works,  &c." 

•  Now  we  have  heard  stories  of  suddenly-enriched 
tradesmen  purchasing  libraries  by  the  yard.  Here 
is  a  new  fashion,  a  library  bought  like  coals — by 
the  ton.  Hammond,  and  Ussher,  and  Bacon, 
found  abundant  readers  and  purchasers  in  their 
day.  But  it  appears  that  in  this  year  of  grace, 
1863,  their  popularity  wanes  before  the  more 
attractive  names  of  Dickens,  Trollope,  and  Co- 
lenso.  Perhaps  you  may  think  this  notice  worth 
preservation  in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q." 

H.  COTTON. 

Thurles,  co.  Tipperary. 


GAZETTEER. — I  have  sometimes  been  puzzled 
to  know  how  a  geographical  dictionary  came  to 
be  called  a  Gazetteer,  and  now  I  think  I  have  solved 
the  problem.  Laurence  Echard  compiled  a  work 
of  this  kind,  and  called  it  The  Gazetteers  or 
Newsman's  Interpreter ;  being  a  Geographical  In- 
dex, 8fc.  The  author  seems  to  have  thought  the 
title  a  lucky  hit :  for  he  says,  in  his  Preface,  that 
it  was  given  him  by  a  very  eminent  person  whom 
he  forbears  to  name.  I  do  not  know  the  date  of 
the  first  edition.  The  fifteenth  appeared  in  1741.* 
It  still  remains  to  ascertain  when  a  geographical 
dictionary,  instead  of  being  The  Gazetteer  s  Inter- 
preter, became  for  the  first  time  itself  The  Gazet- 
teer ?  In  Johnson's  Dictionary,  the  word  Gazetteer 
has  no  such  meaning  assigned  to  it. 

P.  S.  CARET. 

MILTON  :    SCHILLER  :  COLERIDGE.  —  Schiller's 
German-Latin  presentment  of  the  Ovidian  couplet 
in  the  form  and  sound  of  &  fountain  — 
"  Im  Hexameter  steigt  des  Springquells  fliissige  Saule ; 

Im  Pentameter  drauf  fallt  sie  melodisch  herab," — 

(more  generally  known   among  us   Islanders  in 
our  own  Coleridge's  Anglo-Latin  translation  — 
"  In  the  Hexameter  rises  the  fountain's  silvery  column ; 
In  the  Pentameter  aye  falling  in  melody  back,") — 

recalls  the  vocal  architecture  of  Satan's  palace,  as 
it  opened  on  the  mental  eye  and  ear  of  an  earlier 
poet — whom,  by-the-bye,  a  wooden-headed  critic 
opined  to  have  derived  the  idea  from  Inigo  Jones's 
carpentry :  — 

"  Anon  out  of  the  earth,  a  fabric  huge 

Rose,  like  an  exhalation,  with  the  sound 

Of  dulcet  symphonies  and  voices  sweet ; 

Built  like  a  temple,  where  pilasters  round 

Were  set,  and  Doric  pillars." 

Paradise  Lost,  lib.  i.  710. 

Successfully,  however,  as  the  Teutonic  and  the 
Anglican  poets  may  have  naturalised  the  Latin 
rhythm,  they  ignored  its  prosody  as  utterly  as 
ever  did  and  ever  must  their  most  diligent  fol- 
lowers. Yet  surely,  the  Aqua  Fontana  of  Schiller 
and  of  Coleridge  rises  and  falls  too  gracefully,  in 
its  foreign  machinery,  not  to  be  set  playing  in  its 
native  Hippocrene.  The  expectation  of  other, 
and  better  endeavours  at  this  service,  induces  the 
subjoined  translation :  — 

Hexametro  surgens,  fontis  nitet  alta  columna ; 

Pentametro  refluens,  fracta,  canora,  subit. 

EDMUND  LENTHAL  SWIFTE. 

OLD  ENGLISH  CRITICISM  ON  TITIAN. — I  believe 
that,  in  early  English  books,  it  is  not  at  all  usual 
to  meet  with  notices  or  opinions  relative  to  the 
fine  arts  either  in  this  or  other  countries.  Old 
authors,  when  they  wanted  illustrations  of  the 

[*  The  first  edition,  1703-4,  2  vols.  18mo;  the  tenth, 
1709, 12mo;  the  eleventh,  1716,  12mo.— ED.] 


26 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  IV.  JULY  11,  '63. 


subject  which  they  happened  to  be  treating,  gene- 
rally resorted  to  the  ancient  classics.  The  excep- 
tions to  this  rule  in  our  own  literature  are  very  few, 
and  are  worth  recording.  In  the  dedication  to 
Charles  II.  of  his  Speculum  Juventutis,  1671,  Cap- 
tain Edward  Panton  Patrophilus  says,  in  reference 
to  his  own  work  :  — 

"  A  Booke  where  Precept  and  Example,  like  light  and 
shades,  are  so  happily  mixed,  like  an  old  piece  of  Titian's 
(though  it  have  not  the  Romantick  varnish  of  stile), 
worthy  your  Majestie's  view  and  regard." 

W.  CAHEW  HAZLITT. 

OLIVER  CROMWELL'S  FACE. — This  note  may  be 
useful  some  day :  "  Bust  of  Oliver  Cromwell  from 
the  noted  cast  of  his  face,  preserved  in  the  Great 
Duke's  gallery  at  Florence."  This  bust  was  sent 
by  Wilton,  the  sculptor,  to  the  Exhibition  of  the 
Society  of  Artists  of  Great  Britain  in  1766.  Re- 
collecting the  circumstances  of  his  death  and 
burial,  and  the  hanging  afterwards,  could  this 
cast  have  been  taken  during  life?  or,  if  after 
death,  at  what  period  ?  I  see  ("  N.  &  Q.,"  2nd  S. 
iii.  73)  that  H.  W.  F.,  a  lineal  descendant  from 
Cromwell,  states  that  he  has  a  modern  bust 
(unique)  "modelled  from  a  cast  from  the  Pro- 
tector's face,  which  has  been  in  the  family  of  the 
descendants  since  Richard  Cromwell."  W.  P. 

WALE.  —  The  following  extract  from  All  the 
Year  Round,  which  I  have  just  cut  from  a  pro- 
vincial paper  of  date  Sept.  20th,  1862,  seems  to 
me  to  exhibit  a  fine  full-grown  specimen  of  what 
is  engendered  by  that  insatiable  love  of  paradox 
cherished  by  many  comparative  philologists : 

"The  word  '  wale'  means  in  the  English  language  a 
rising  part  upon  cloth  or  skin  —  as  when  it  is  said  that 
the  lash  wales  the  soldier's  back ;  and  yet  the  heart  of 
the  Scotchman  is  full  of  gentleness  when  he  says  he  in- 
tends '  to  wale  a  wife.'  Such  a  waling  being  the  highest 
compliment  he  can  pay  her  sex.  The  derivation  of  the 
word  makes  it  curious  and  strange  enough  that  ever  a 
term  so  stern  should  have  come  to  be  employed  to  de- 
scribe an  errand  so  gentle.  The  Saxon  word  willan  signi- 
fies to  spring  out,  to  well.  An  old  poet  says :  — 

'  Therebye  a  chrystall  stream  did  gently  play, 

Which  from  a  sacred  fountain  welled  away.' 

From  expressing  what  '  springs  out,'  the  word  came  to 

express  what  is   chosen,  or  picked  out."— -All  the  Year 

Sound. 

Now  there  should  be  no  difficulty  in  retracing 
the  Scotch  verb  "  to  wale,"=to  select.  "  Wailed 
wine,"  in  Chaucer's  time,  meant  "choice  wine;" 
and  he  uses  "  wailed"  as  an  equivalent  for  "  old." 
But  it  is  evidently  directly  derived  from  pall  =  a 
wall  or  enclosure  ;  not  from  pelle  or  peallan  =  a 
spring  or  fountain.  I  do  not  doubt  (though  from 
my  want  of  any  exact  knowledge  of  philology,  I 
merely  surmise)  that  "  cull "  =  to  pick  out,  and 
"  valley,"  =  a  place  walled  in  or  surrounded,  and 
wheel  (Sax.  hpeol)  are  also  derived  from  the  same 
root.  A  "  wheel-fire  "  was  a  fire  in  which  the 


flames  completely  enveloped  the  pot.  Shakspeare 
(Othello,  Act  II.  Sc.  1)  uses  "  enwheel  "=  en- 
close. 

I  would  just  mention  further,  that  some  Scotch- 
men do  thrash  their  wives  occasionally,  but  if  one 
of  them  confessed  his  guilt  he  would  not  say,  "  I 
waled,"  but  "  I  welted  her."  The  periodical 
writer  whom  I  have  quoted  could  then  justify 
the  ruffian  for  his  language  at  least,  without  any 
straining  or  paradox.  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 


MILTON  PORTRAIT. 

What  has  become  of  the  portrait  of  Milton, 
which  belonged  to  his  widow,  and  was  purchased 
after  her  death  by  Speaker  Onslow  ? 

Aubrey,  who  wrote  in  1681,  seven  years  after 
Milton's  death,  mentions  it  as  belonging  to  his 
widow,  "  very  well  and  like,  when  a  Cambridge 
schollar."  Deborah  Clarke,  his  daughter,  in- 
formed Vertue  the  engraver,  in  1721,  that  her 
mother-in-law  "  had  two  pictures  of  him,  one 
when  he  was  a  school  boy,  and  the  other  when  he 
was  twenty."  The  latter  picture,  and  the  one  now 
in  question,  was  purchased  by  Onslow  (Speaker 
of  the  House  of  Commons  throughout  the  reign  of 
George  II.)  from  the  executor  of  Milton's  widow, 
and  engraved,  four  years  after  her  death,  by 
Vertue,  in  1731.  In  1741  it  was  engraved  for 
Birch's  Heads,  published  by  the  Knaptons,  by 
Houbraken  as  "in  the  collection  of  the  Right 
Hon.  Arthur  Onslow,  Esq.,  Speaker  of  the  House 
of  Commons."  In  Boydell's  Milton,  published 
1794,  is  a  plate  from  the  same  picture,  with  the 
following  inscription :  — 

"  John  Milton,  astat.  21.  From  an  original  picture  in 
the  possession  of  Lord  Onslow,  at  Clandon,  in  Surrey, 
purchased  from  the  executors  of  Milton's  widow,  by 
Arthur  Onslow,  Esq.,  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Commons, 
as  certified  in  his  own  handwriting  on  the  back  of  the 
picture." 

The  present  Earl  of  Onslow  has  informed  me, 
that  he  has  no  portrait  of  Milton  in  his  possession; 
but  that  he  once  had  a  daub  purporting  to  be  a 
copy,  which  he  sold  for  its  full  worth, — a  sum  under 
two  pounds  sterling ! 

The  picture  was  sold  at  Christie  and  Manson's 
in  1828,  to  a  person  named  More,  and  nothing 
further  is  known  of  it.  How  nothing  but  a  daub 
and  copy  from  this  authentic  portrait  of  Milton 
came  to  be  left  in  the  possession  of  the  Onslow 
family,  and  even  whether  that  unworthy  substi- 
tute still  exists,  are  matters  of  more  than  ordinary 
curiosity.  G.  SCHABF. 

National  Portrait  Gallery. 


3'd  S.  IV.  JULY  11,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


27 


ANONYMOUS  BOOKS. — 

"  The  Tlound  Preacher ;  or,  Reminiscences  of  Methodist 
Circuit  Life.  London :  Simpkin,  Marshall,  and  Co. ;  Brad- 
ford, E.  W.  Taylor,  1849  [1845]." 

"  The  Pilgrim's  Progress  from  Methodism  to  Christi- 
anity. London :  W.  M.  Clark,  Warwick  Lane ;  Cooke, 
Leeds,  1849. 

Who  are  the  authors  of  the  above  ?  If  this 
query  should  meet  the  eye  of  the  author  of  the 
last  named,  I  shall  feel  happy  to  correspond  with 
him.  GEORGE  LLOYD. 

Thurstonland,  Huddersfield. 

BAKER-LEGGED  :  WALSALL- LEGGED.  —  Among 
the  "ridiculous  ominations  of  physiognomic  "  given 
in  Gaule's  Mag-Astro-mancer  (1652)  is  the  fol- 
lowing :  — 

"26.  Obs.  That  loose  kneed  signifies  lascivious,  and 
baker  kneed,  effeminate." — P.  186. 

I  turn  to  Bailey's  Dictionary  for  an  explanation, 
and  I  find  "  Baker-leg'd,  straddling  with  the  legs 
bowing  outward."  I  am  tempted  to  ask,  why 
"Baker"?  In  Staffordshire  I  have  heard  simi- 
larly-fashioned people  called  "Walsall-legged," 
their  formation  being  accompanied  with  a  peculiar 
outward  motion  of  the  knees  when  the  person  is 
walking,  like  to  that  made  in  descending  stairs ; 
and  I  have  been  told  that  this  ai'ises  from  the 
natives  having  to  walk  up  and  down  so  many 
steps  when  going  to  and  from  their  homes.  I 
only  know  Walsall  from  passing  through  it  by 
railway,  and  I  am  therefore  unable  to  say  from 
my  own  knowledge  whether  or  no  the  general 
aspect  of  the  Walsall  houses,  or  the  Walsall  na- 
tives, will  justify  the  cause  and  effect  implied  in 
the  term — "Walsall-legged."  CCTHBERT  BEHE. 

BRADMOOR  CHURCH.  —  Can  anyone  oblige  me 
with  an  account  of  Bradmoor  church,  five  miles 
from  Nottingham?  Only  the  tower  now  remains. 
There  is  a  tradition  in  the  neighbourhood  that 
Oliver  Cromwell  destroyed  the  same  by  fire.  The 
tower  is  at  present  used  as  a  cart-shed,  and  is 
surrounded  by  farm-house  buildings.  Beyond 
these  traditions,  I  could  learn  nothing  on  the  spot, 
and  I  am  anxious  to  know  how  a  building  conse- 
crated to  religious  purposes  should  have  passed  so 
completely  away  from  its  original  dedication. 

E.  B. 

BRIDPOHT  :  ITS  LOCAL  HISTORY.  —  Is  there 
any  work  extant  on  this  subject  ?  I  am  aware  of 
old  Hurchins's  Dorset,  now  almost  out  of  date, 
though  in  course  of  republication,  not  I  fear  by 
qualified  persons,  but  by  mere  topographers. 
There  is  a  local  antiquary  who  might  conduct  this 
work  with  advantage,  or  render  essential  service 
to  the  editors  if  his  professional  duties  allow — the 
REV.  C.  W.  BINGHAM,  an  occasional  contributor 
to  your  pages.  A.  SYMES. 

"VYeymouth. 


RICHARD  CHAMPION. — Any  particulars  relating 
to  Richard  Champion,  "  merchant "  of  Bristo^ 
who  was  appointed  Paymaster  of  the  Forces  by 
Burke,  will  be  gladly  received.  It  is  wished  to 
know  to  what  family  he  belonged  ?  He  was  maker 
for  some  time  of  the  celebrated  "  Bristol  china." 
Perhaps  your  correspondent,  BRISTOLIENSIS,  or 
some  other,  can  supply  information  concerning 
him  and  his  family  and  works  ?  W.° 

THE  EPISTLE  TO  THE  HEBREWS.  —  Was  the 
Geneva  Bible  of  1560  the  first  to  expunge  the 
name  of  St.  Paul  from  the  title  of  this  epistle, 
and  what  other  early  printed  editions  have  fol- 
lowed its  example  ? 

A  Latin  Bible,  following  Jerome's  Version  of 
1514,  calls  it  "Epistola  Pauli  ad  Hebreos."  A 
later  Latin  Bible,  published  "Lugduni  apud 
haeredes  Jacobi  Giunctae,"  1551,  adds  "  Apostoli  " 
after  "  Pauli."  A  New  Testament  (Greek  and 
Latin)  "  interprete  T.  Beza,"  printed  by  H.  Ste- 
phanus,  1567,  calls  it  simply  "  ad  Hebraeos  epis- 
tola;  "  and  a  similar  title  is  adopted  in  an  English 
version,  "  Englished  by  L.  Tomson,  London, 
1590."*  CHESSBOHOTJGH. 

Harbertonford. 

MR.  FITZGERALD.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
give  a  list  of  poems  written  by  a  Mr.  Fitzgerald, 
and  contributed  to  various  Annuals  between  1830 
and  1840?  His  poems  bear  a  certain  resemblance 
to  those  of  Praed,  and  may  sometimes  have  been 
accredited  to  the  latter.  In  my  preface  to  Praed's 
Poems,  I  have  given  the  reasons  why  I  do  not 
think  Fitzgerald  wrote  some  poems  published  over 
the  signature  of  <£.  As  Praed  had  some  connection 
with  one  of  the  London  Journals,  I  think  the 
Morning  Post,  did  he  contribute  any  poetry  to  it  ? 
Has  any  one  a  copy  of  the  Brazen  Head,  a  perio- 
dical edited  by  him?  W.  H.  WHITMORE. 

HENRY  DE  LACY,  EARL  OF  LINCOLN  (1282),  had 
an  only  daughter,  Aleysia,  espoused  to  Thomas 
Earl  of  Lancaster,  but  having  an  illicit  connection 
with  a  certain  Thomas  Edgar,  and  no  issue  by  her 
husband,  the  latter,  on  the  death  of  her  paramour, 
adopted  his  son,  also  named  Thomas  Edgar.  I 
should  be  glad  to  know  the  authority  for  the  above, 
and  also  who  Thomas  Edgar  was  ?  S.  S. 

"THE  HINDU  PRIESTESS." — In  1843  there  was 
printed  at  London,  in  8vo,  the  first  part  of  the 
Hindu  Priestess,  or  the  Affghan  King  —  a  poem  in 
six  cantos,  by  Elizabeth  Stewart.  The  publisher 


[*  We  have  omitted  that  portion  of  our  correspondent's 
communication  respecting  the  much- contested  question 
of  the  authorship  of  the  Epistle  to  the  Hebrews.  The 
discussion  of  this  mooted  point  would  require  more 
space  than  we  can  devote  to  it.  Mr.  Home,  in  his  Criti- 
cal Introduction,  has  carefully  methodised  and  abridged  the 
productions  of  the  most  eminent  biblical  scholars  on  this 
disputed  subject. — ED."] 


28 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  JULY  11, '63. 


was  "  T.  C.  Newby,  65,  Mortimer  Street."  It  is 
dedicated  to  James  Baillie  Fraser,  the  author  o: 
those  very  admirable  oriental  romances  The  Kuz- 
zilbash  and  The  Persian  Adventurer;  and  the 
"  attempt "  is  to  "  give  in  English  verse  a  melan- 
choly passage  in  Oriental  History."  It  contains 
the  first  two  cantos  complete,  and  four  leaves  01 
notes.  Was  this  poem,  in  which  there  are  pas- 
sages of  considerable  beauty,  ever  finished,  anC 
•who  was  the  fair  authoress  ?  J.  M. 

WILLIAM  LITTLE,  THE  BKISTOL  GRAMMARIAN. — 
In  the  Appendix  to  vol.  ii.  of  The  History  of 
Bristol,  by  Corry  and  Evans,  I  find  the  following 
passage :  — 

"  The  situation  is  precisely  under  the  remains  of  a 
monument ;  which,  from  its  style,  must  have  belonged  to 
the  times  of  Henry  VII.,  and  has  been  always  called  the 
tomb  of  William  Little,  the  Bristol  Grammarian." 

As  I  never  beard  the  tomb  referred  to,  nor  any 
other  in  this  city  so  called,  and  believe  the  name 
William  Little,  the  Bristol  grammarian,  nowhere 
else  exists,  can  any  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
oblige  me  with  information  on  the  subject  ? 

To  save  trouble,  the  writer  has,  I  believe,  mis- 
taken William  Little  for  William  Lilye;  who, 
however,  was  not  connected  with  this  city,  either 
by  birth  or  residence,  being  a  native  of  Odyham, 
in  Hampshire,  and  settled  in  London,  where  he 
died  of  the  plague  in  1523.  His  two  sons  were 
ecclesiastics ;  and,  although  good  scholars,  were 
not  equal  to  their  father.  Besides  which,  neither 
of  their  names  were  William,  but  George  and 
Peter.  GEORGE  PRYCE. 

Bristol  City  Library. 

LONDON  AN  ECCLESIASTICAL  METROPOLIS.  — 
Who  are  the  authorities  showing  that  the  ancient 
Londinium  was  ecclesiastically  a  metropolis  ?  In 
the  Acts  of  the  Synod  of  Aries  (A.  D.  314)  it  is 
styled  Civitas  only  ?  C. 

MOSSING  A  BARN.  —  In  an  account  of  works 
done  in  Lancashire,  in  the  year  1602,  the  slater 
charges  in  November  "  for  mossing  of  the  great 
barn,  and  the  pker,  uppon  his  owen  chardges,  wee 
getting  the  mosse,  vij"."  This  occurs  twice  more, 
and  evidently  refers  to  the  roof.  I  suppose  the 
practice  was  to  lay  the  tiles  or  slates  on  moss,  now 
often  substituted  by  reeds,  hay,  straw,  or  heather; 
but  perhaps  a  local  reader  may  be  able  to  state 
whether  or  no  I  am  correct  in  my  supposition  of 
the  use  of  moss  as  mentioned,  or  what  is  meant 
by  the  words.  W.  P. 

DEATH  OF  THE  CZAR  NICHOLAS.  —  This  em- 
peror died,  it  will  be  remembered,  rather  suddenly 
m  the  month  of  March,  1856.  Has  any  authentic 
account  of  his  last  hours  been  published,  and  by 
whom,  and  where  ?  X. 


NUMISMATIC  QUERIES. — Can  some  of  your  nu- 
mismatic correspondents  kindly  answer  the  fol- 
lowing questions :  — 

1.  What  is  the  best  text-book  for  a  beginner? 

2.  How   (if  it   all)  can  verdigris   be  removed 
from  old  copper  coins,  without  injury  to  the  coin  f 

3.  Between  what  dates  were  the  archiepiscopal 
coins  issued  ?     Were  they  struck  by  bishops,  or 
by  archbishops  only  ?     Are  they  to  be  identified  as 
the  coinage  of  any  particular  prelate  ?     If  so,  to 
whom  do  the  following  two  coins  belong  ?  — 

(a)  Shield  bearing  lion  exceedingly  rampant. 
Legend,  "  Ave  Maria   Gratia  Pii."     Reverse,  a 
cross. 

(b)  Shield  bearing  three  fleur-de-lis.     Legend, 
"  Ave  Maria  Gratia  Ovdi."     Reverse,  a  cross.     I 
have  copied  the  legends  letter  by  letter,  without 
trying  to  make  sense  of  them. 

4.  To  whom  does  the  following  coin  belong  ?  — 
Copper,  diameter  about  half  an  inch  ;  workman- 
ship ruder  than  that  of  Roman  coins.     Obverse, 
a  crowned  head,  so  large  as  almost   entirely  to 

occupy  the  coin.     Legend,  " rrandus 

Rex."     (The  first  letter,  or  first  two  letters,  are 
so  obliterated   as  to   be  only   conjectural ;    they 
look  most  like  "  Ve"  or  "  Vi,"  or  "  W").    Reverse, 

a  horse  passant.     Legend,  "  .  .  .  .  regni 

iquit." 

I  only  ask  these  questions  after  having  vainly 
consulted  several  works  on  the  subject. 

HERMENTRUDE  . 

PROVERB  RESPECTING  TRUTH. — There  is  a  pro- 
verb to  the  effect,  that  "He  who  follows  too 
closely  at  the  heels  of  truth,  is  apt  to  get  his 
brains  knocked  out."  Who  is  the  author,  and 
what  is  the  correct  form  of  it  ?  C. 

SIR  JOHN  STRADLING'S  "  GLAMORGAN." — Hav- 
ing received  no  reply  to  my  former  query  respect- 
ing the  whereabouts  of  this  laudatory  ballad, 
perhaps  some  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  recognising 
the  two  following  stanzas,  alleged  to  be  a  portion 
of  it,  will  kindly  inform  me  where  the  entire  poem 
is  to  be  found,  and  if  it  was  really  composed  by 
Sir  John  Stradling  ?  Possibly  it  may  have  been 
the  work  of  some  other  hand. 

"  And  in  Glamorgan's  hillie  parts, 

Cole  greatly  doth  abound ; 

For  goodness  and  for  plenty,  too, 

Its  equal  never  was  founde. 

"  With  wood  and  iren,  ledde  and  salt, 

And  lyme  abundaintlie, 
And  every  thing  that  mankinde  want, 
This  land  doth  well  supplie." 

G.  O. 

FAMILY  or  BRAY. — Can  any  of  your  correspon- 
dents inform  me  where  Edmund  Bray,  Esq.,  lived, 
who  in  1705-11  was  probably  resident  on  some 
estate  near  Blenheim,  either  in  Oxfordshire  or 
'Gloucestershire?  W.  P. 


JULY  11,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


29 


HANDASYDE.— Where  is  a  pedigree  of  Handa- 
syde  of  Gains  Park,  Huntingdon,  to  be  found  ? 

S. 

Handasyde. 

QUARTERMASTER,  CARRIAGEMASTER,  SERGEANT- 
MAJOR.  —  Can  any  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
afford  some  information  as  to  the  rank  and 
duties  of  these  officers  under  the  Tudor,  and 
early  Stuart  sovereigns?  The  term  "Quarter- 
master "  is  still  used  in  both  army  and  navy ;  but 
with  a  very  different  meaning  in  each  service. 
Of  a  "  Carriagemaster  "  we  never  hear  now ;  and 
the  "  Sergeant-Major "  has  ceased  to  be  a  com- 
missioned officer,  though,  if  I  rightly  understand 
the  references  to  him  in  the  histories  of  Queen 
Elizabeth's  Irish  wars,  he  must  then  have  filled  a 
position  on  the  general  staff  of  the  army,  some- 
what analogous  to  those  of  the  Adjutant-General 
and  Brigade-Major  of  modern  times.  S.  P.  V. 

REGIMENTS  IN  AMERICA.  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  inform  me  what  regiments  of  the  British 
army  were  stationed  in  America  from  1755  to 
1760?  and  particularly,  what  regiments  contri- 
buted to  the  forces  under  General  Braddock  ? 

D.  M.  STEVENS. 

Guildford. 

SUNDRY  QUERIES.  — 

1.  There  was  published  about  1821,  McJulian's  Daugh- 
ter, a  poem  in  five  cantos,  by  Henry  O'Neil  Montgomerie 
Ritchie.    Can  you  give  me  any  information  as  to  any 
other  poetical  or  dramatic  works  of  this  poet? 

2.  E.  G.  L.  Bulmer,  author  of  Juvenile  Poems,  1820.    Is 
he  author  of  any  other  poetic  or  dramatic  writings? 

3.  At  the  Oxford  Encaenia  of  1763  a  Trialogue  (writ- 
ten in  honour  of  the  birth  of  the  Prince  of  Wales)  was 
performed.     Who  was  the  author  ? 

4.  Miss  G.  Kennedy.    This  lady  wrote  several  tales  or 
novels,  Father  Clement,  &c.     There  is  a  French  transla- 
tion of  her  works,  about  1844.    Who  is  the  translator  ? 

5.  Hannah  More's  Sacred  Dramas,  1782.     There  is  a 
German  translation.    By  whom,  and  what  is  the  date? 

6.  Who  is  the  author  of  Railroad  Eclogues,  Pickering, 
1846? 

ZETA. 

WHITEHALL.  —  In  the  Royal  Collection  of 
Drawings  in  the  British  Museum,  there  is  an 
etching  quarto  size,  headed,  "Plan  of  ruins  of 
Whitehall,  June  14,  1718."  It  apparently  repre- 
sents the  foundations  of  the  old  hall,  and  of  the 
chapel  of  the  palace,  with  some  adjoining  build- 
ings. On  the  plate  is  also  given  two  coats  of 
arms  "  found  in  the. ruins,"  and  a  crest.  I  wish  to 
ask  if  such  a  plan  is  known  to  be  in  any  published 
work?  A  fire  occurred  April  10,  1691;  a  great 
fire,  which  finally  destroyed  Whitehall  broke  out 
Jan.  4,  1697-8,  and  lasted  for  seventeen  hours,  the 
ruins  remainingundisturbedfor  several  years.  The 
plan  may  be  supposed  to  be  taken  after  this  latter 
event,  arid  the  dates  may  give  a  clue  to  the  pub- 
lication, which  I  have  not  been  successful  in  dis- 
covering. 


One  of  the  abovenamed  shields  exhibits  the 
arms  of  the  see  of  Canterbury,  impaled  with  a 
cross  that  seems  engrailed  charged  with  five  cin- 
quefoils,  and  on  a  chief  another  cinquefoil  be- 
tween two  birds.  The  second  shield  is  this  coat 
alone.  To  whom  do  these  coats  belong?  The 
nearest  resembling  it  is  that  ascribed  to  Wolsey, 
successively  Bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells,  and  of 
Durham,  and  Archbishop  of  York  in  commendam  ; 
also  to  that  of  the  see  of  St.  David's,  to  which 
may  be  added  that  of  Bishop  Langton,  of  St. 
David's,  but  neither  of  these  persons  had  any 
connection  with  the  see  of  Canterbury.  Bedford's 
Blazon  of  Episcopacy  has  no  coat  of  arms  of  any 
Archbishop  of  Canterbury  resembling  the  above. 
Does  his  drawing  of  the  Langton  coat  agree  with 
the  description  given  by  him?  W.  P. 


ie&  fottf) 

ST.  BRANNOCK.  —  In  the  ancient  church  of 
Braunton,  a  village  giving  its  name  to  one  of  the 
hundreds  of  the  county  of  Devon,  are  many  quaint 
carvings.  One  representing  St.Brannock  (to  whom 
the  church  is  dedicated)  with  a  cow.  When  was 
the  saint  supposed  to  exist  ?  Can  any  records  of 
his  miracles  or  life  be  traced  ?  In  Camden's  Bri- 
tannia the  saint  is  mentioned  as  having  con- 
verted the  ancient  Britons  near  this  spot ;  and  I 
faintly  recollect  having  heard  a  legend,  that  a 
forest  once  stood  where  the  large  sand-drift,  known 
as  Braunton  Burrows,  now  is  found,  which  sup- 
plied timber  for  the  building  of  the  church.  The 
wild  deer  were  used  by  the  saint  as  beasts  of 
draught,  and  — 

« with  their  legs  so  limber, 

draw  the  timber." 

If  any  of  your  readers  can  give  me  the  history 
of  St.  Brannock  I  shall  be  grateful. 

E.  C.  I.  WEBBER. 
8,  Down  Street,  W.  Piccadilly. 

[Risdon,  in  his  Survey  of  Devon,  p.  337,  ed.  1811,  has 
left  us  the  following  traditionary  notices  of  this  early 
saint :  "  Braunton,  anciently  Branockstowne,  so  named  of 
'St.  Branock,  the  King's  son  of  Calabria,  that  lived  in  this 
vale ;  and,  as  appeareth  in  the  book  of  his  commemora- 
tion of  the  place,  arrived  here  in  the  days  of  Malgo- 
Coname,  King  of  the  Britons,  and  three  hundred  years 
after  Christ,  began  to  preach  his  holy  name  in  this  deso- 
late place,  then  overspread  with  brakes  and  woods.  Out 
of  which  desert,  now  named  the  Boroughs  (to  tell  you  some 
of  the  marvels  of  this  man)  he  took  harts,  which  meekly 
obeyed  the  yoke,  and  made  of  them  a  plow  to  draw  tim- 
ber thence  to  build  a  church,  which  may  gain  credit,  if  i< 
be  true.  Historians  write,  that  in  foreign  countries  they 
cause  red  deer  to  draw,  and  milk  their  hinds.  Of  which 
Giraldus  maketh  no  wonder,  but  avoucheth,  that  he  had 
seen  the  same  often  used  in  Wales,  where  he  did  eat 
I  cheese  made  of  hinds'  milk.  I  forbear  to  speak  of  his 
j  cow,  his  staff,  his  oak,  his  well,  and  his  servant  Abel :  all 


30 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8'd  S.  IV.  JULY  11,  '63. 


•which  are  lively  represented  in  a  glass  -window  of  that 
church,  than  which,  you  shall  see  few  fairer  of  one 
roof."] 

TURKISH  GUN  IN  ST.  JAMES'S  PARK. — I  have  re- 
ferred in  vain  to  Cunningham's  Handbook,  Bray- 
ley's  Londiniana,  and  similar  works  of  reference, 
to  ascertain  the  date  of  that  fine  specimen  of  early 
oriental  cannon  founding,  the  great  gun  in  St. 
James's  Park,  and  to  find  translations  of  the 
Arabic  inscriptions  with  which  it  is  decorated 
Perhaps  some  of  your  readers  will  kindly  furnish 
this  information,  or  state  where  it  is  to  be  found. 

J.  H.  L. 

[A  description  of  this  piece  of  ordnance,  which  was 
placed  ;in  St.  James's  Park  on  March  21,  1803,  will  be 
found  in  The  Universal  Magazine,  cxii.  233 ;  The  Gentle 
man's  Magazine,  vol.  Ixxiii.  pt.  i.  p.  279 ;  and  The  Euro- 
pean Magazine,  xliii.  314.  At  that  time  the  two  inscrip- 
tions had  not  been  decyphered.] 

Aw  AMERICAN  POET.  —  Can  you  name  the  au- 
thor and  give  the  title  of  a  volume  of  poetry 
published  by  an  American  clergyman  a  few  years 
ago,  in  which  are  the  following  lines  in  a  beautiful 
poem  on  the  Church  ?  — 
"  I  love  the  Church,  the  holy  Church,  which  o'er  our  life 
presides 

The  birth  the  bridal,  and  the  grave,  and  many  an  hour 
besides ; 

Be  mine  through  life  to  live  in  her,  and  when  the  Lord 
doth  call, 

To  die  in  her,  the  spouse  of  Christ,  the  mother  of  us 
all." 

J.F. 

Whitehaven. 

[This  is  the  concluding  verse  of  a  poem,  entitled  "I 
love  the  Church,"  in  the  Christian  Ballads,  by  Arthur 
Cleveland  Coxe,  M.A.  Fifth  edition.  Philadelphia,  1855. 
It  occurs  at  p.  96.] 

TWILL. — Apropos  of  "  pioned  and  twilled  brims  " 
(3rd  S.  iii.  464),  it  strikes  me  that  it  would  be  de- 
sirable to  ascertain  what  is  the  etymology  of 
twill  as  applied  to  kerseymere  and  other  stuffs. 
The  word  is  not  to  be  found  either  in  Johnson  or 
in  Bailey.  MELETES. 

[To  twill,  according  to  Webster,  is  "  to  weave  in  ribs  or 
ridges ;  to  quill."  It  should  at  the  same  time  be  borne 
in  mind  that  twill  is  a  provincial  term  for  a  reed  or  quill. 
(Halliwell.)  In  this,  which  appears  to  be  the  primary 
meaning  of  the  word,  it  has  been  proposed  to  derive 
twill  from  the  Latin  tiibellus,  diminutive  for  tubus.  Should 
our  correspondent  fail,  as  we  fear  he  may,  to  discover  any 
Latin  authority  for  the  word  tiibellus  thus  ingeniously 
suggested,  he  may  perhaps  agree  with  us  in  thinking  i't 
possible  that  twill  is  from  the  Latin  tubnlus,  a  little 
tube.] 


KNIGHTS  HOSPITALLERS,  ETC. 
(3ra  S.  iv.  11.) 

We  remember  to  have  seen,  from  year  to  year, 
in  the  various  public  papers  at  home  and  abroad, 


startling  paragraphs  put  forth  indirectly  as  mani- 
festoes, apprising  the  world  that  the  Order  of  St. 
John  was  about  to  shake  off  the  dust  from  its 
glorious  banner,  and  array  itself  once  more  in  the 
garb  of  sovereign  pre-eminence.  At  one  time  the 
scene  of  this  recovered  splendour  was  to  be  laid 
in  Greece ;  at  another,  we  were  told  to  look  out 
for  the  reconquest  of  Rhodes.  Then  the  Holy 
Land,  or  a  large  portion  of  it  (the  actual  limits 
were  mentioned),  was  to  be  placed  under  the 
flag  of  the  Knights;  while,  subsequently,  as  the 
hopes  of  the  small,  struggling  community  de- 
scended from  point  to  point  in  the  scale  of  expec- 
tancy, some  smaller  speculation  was  confidently 
announced  :  an  obscure  island  or  islet  scarcely 
observable  on  the  map  of  the  stated  locality  was- 
to  be  the  long-sighed  for  seat  of  their  restored 
independence,  where — risum  teneatis? — the  knights 
could  keep  up  a  quarantine  much  wanted. 

From  a  consideration  of  what  I  have  written, 
my  readers  will  apprehend  that  the  members  of 
the  English  Langue  care  not  to  derive  any  coun- 
tenance, authority,  or  support  from  the  soi-disant 
chapitre  (to  use  the  words  of  Admiral  Count  de    L 
Litta  already  cited)  now  seated  at  Rome,  and  the    • 
silly  insinuation  that  the  writer  of  the  Memoir  of    / 
the  Order  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem  and  the  Eng-    /„/ 
lish  Langue  "  let  the  cat  out  of  the  bag,"  when 
he  remarked  that  it  would  be  desirable,  or  mig 
be  interesting,  to  form  an  union  of  the  Roman 
and  Anglian  portions  of  the  Order,  only  betrays 
the  dulness  or  perverseness  of  its  author.  Accord- 
ing to  his  false  notion,  the  English  Chapter  "  com- 
mitted suicide"  by  adopting  the  Memoir  in  question, 
which  contained  a  direct  acknowledgment  that 
their  body  had  no  confirmed  connection  with  the 
Roman  Council.     But  the  Memoir  met  with  the 
entire  approval  of  the  English  authorities,  on  the 
ground  that  it  clearly  and  succinctly  showed  the 
exact  nature  of  the  title  under  which  the  Langue 
was  revived,  and  proclaimed  that  the  association 
could  stand  alone  without  any  confirmation  of  its 
powers  and  privileges  from  the  "  venerable  debris  " 
of  the  Order  at  Rome.     They  might,  at  the  same 
time  consistently  with  this  view,  consider  it  an 
event  of  common  interest  to  the  Order,  that  its 
segregated  and  enfeebled  branches  should  be  once 
more  bound  together,  in  accordance  with  the  old 
maxim  that  "  union  is  strength."    And  let  it  be 
here  understood,  though  SIR  GEORIE  BOWYER  is 
willing  to  conceal  the  fact,  that  the  Roman  Coun- 
cil were  quite  as  willing  as  the  English  Chapter 
that  an   amalgamation   of  the  respective   bodies 
should  take  place.     Extravagant,  indeed,  were  the 
emotions  of  joy  exhibited  by  the  Italian  party  at 
the  idea  of  the  reconsolidation  of  the  long-dis- 
severed fragments  of  the  Order.    The  limits  "of  my 
paper  here  remind  me  that  I  have  no  space  for  more 
particular  detail,  in  reference  to  the  past  contempla- 
tion of  a  restored  union  between  the  Italian  and 


3*dS.  IV.  JULY  11, '63.  J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


31 


English  branches,  and  that  I  must  devote  its  remain- 
ing portion  to  the  concise  account  which  I  purposed 
to  give  of  the  renewed  introduction  into  this 
country  of  its  long  abeyant  "  Langue."  I  now 
borrow  the  words  of  our  able  historian,  Suther- 
land, to  describe  the  authority  under  which  the 
revival  of  the  English  Langue  took  place  :  — 

"In  1814,  the  French  Knights,  taking  heart  at  the 
humiliation  of  their  arch-  enemy  Napoleon,  assembled  at 
Paris  in  a  General  Chapter,  under  the  presidency  of 
Prince  Camille  de  Kohan,  Grand  Prior  of  Aquitaine,  for 
the  election  of  a  permanent  Capitulary  Commission.  The 
government  of  the  Order  being  CONCENTRATED  in  this 
commission,  it  was  empowered  to  regulate  all  political, 
civil,  and  financial  affairs;  and,  under  its  direction,  a 
formal  but  fruitless  application  was  made  to  the  Congress 
of  Vienna  for  a  grant  of  some  sovereign  independency  in 
lieu  of  that  of  which  the  Order  had  been  wrongously 
despoiled." 

It  is  through  this  commission  that  the  English 
party  derive  their  rights,  and  those  rights  were 
strengthened,  and  put  beyond  any  questionable 
source  of  objection,  by  the  important  fact,  not 
noticed  by  Sutherland,  that  the  Langues  of  Arra- 
gon  and  Castile  lent  their  full  and  entire  adhesion 
to  the  measure  of  resuscitating  the  dormant 
Langue  of  England, — a  fact  which  is  distinctly 
avouched  by  the  instruments  of  Convention,  given 
under  the  common  seal  at  the  hotel  of  the  chan- 
cellery in  Paris,  bearing  date  respectively  the 
llth  day  of  June,  1826,  the  24th  of  August,  and 
15th  of  October,  1827.  The  steps  thus  taken  for 
the  restoration  of  the  English  branch  were  con- 
summated on  the  29th  day  of  January,  1831,  in 
accordance  with  the  deliberations  and  instructions 
of  the  Council  Ordinary  of  the  French  Langues, 
which,  associated  with  those  of  Arragon  and  Cas- 
tile, then  formed,  by  a  wide  majority,  a  just  repre- 
sentation of  the  TOTALITY  of  the  Order.  From  the 
period  of  the  dispersion  at  Malta  to  the  present 
hour,  no  similar  assemblage,  justly  claiming  the 
power  of  completely  representing  the  will  of  the 
greater  portion  of  the  members  of  the  Order,  has 
ever  taken  place ;  and  the  English  Langue  is  NOW, 
in  consequence  of  the  utter  extinction,  under  the 
Empire,  of  the  Langues  of  Provence,  Auvergne, 
and  France,  and  the  defalcation  of  those  of  Spain 
and  Portugal  *,  which  have  become  appendages  to 
the  crowns  of  those  kingdoms,  the  sole  organised 
body  representing  the  venerable  Council  Ordinary 
or  Capitular  Commission,  established  at  Paris  in 
1814  ;  and  in  which,  as  we  have  seen  from  Suther- 
land, the  whole  political,  civil,  and  financial  power 
of  the  Order  was  concentrated.  ANTIQUAKIUS. 

*  It  was  shown  officially  in  our  Prerogative  Court,  on 
the  16th  December,  1841,  that  the  Order  was  suppressed 
in  Portugal  in  1834;  and  by  a  decree  in  the  Madrid 
Gazette  of  the  13th  June,  1847,  that  it  was  put  up  for  sale 
in  Spain  at  that  date.  .. .  v 

4—.'  (A.         C 


LAW  OF  LAURISTON. 
(3rd  S.  iii.  486.) 

The  document  you  mention  relating  to  the 
Laws  of  Lauriston  is  curious  as  a  corroborative 
proof,  but  the  facts  it  testifies  to  are  well  known 
to  the  English  descendants  of  Jean  Law,  the  great 
financier's  sister  ;  but  I  would  remark,  en  passant, 
that  the  affinity  of  Law's  mother,  Jean  Campbell, 
with  the  noble  house  of  Argyle,  is  not  so  doubt- 
ful as  your  correspondent  imagines.  The  exact 
link,  in  the  somewhat  confused  pedigree  of  the 
Dukes  of  Argyle,  is  not  quite  manifest ;  but  the 
M'Callum  Mores  of  that  day,  the  great  Duke  of 
Argyle  and  Greenwich,  and  his  brother  the  Earl 
of  Islay,  who  succeeded  him  as  Duke  of  Argyle, 
both  acknowledged  the  relationship  by  calling 
and  treating  John  Law  as  their  cousin.  Jean 
Campbell's  husband  and  John  Law's  father,  Wil- 
liam Law,  can  hardly,  though  a  goldsmith,  be 
termed  a  tradesman.  He  was  both  goldsmith  and 
banker,  and  as  such  ranked  among,  and  associated 
with,  the  gentry  of  Edinburgh.  Sir  Bernard 
Burke,  in  his  Vicissitudes  of  Families  (2nd  Series), 
does  full  justice  to  John  Law  and  his  family,  and 
he  does  so  upon  materials  and  pedigrees,  clearly 
of  undoubted  authenticity.  Indeed  the  document, 
whose  discovery  you  record,  tallies  with  what  Sir 
Bernard  says  in  the  very  letter.  The  account  of 
John  Law's  descendants  in  the  article  in  the  Vicis- 
situdes is  in  effect  this  :  — 

JOHN  LAW,  Marquis  of  Essiat,  and  Comptroller- 
General  of  the  Exchequer  in  France,  the  famous 
financier,  married  Catherine,  third  daughter  of 
Nicholas,  titular  Earl  of  Banbury,  and  by  her 
(who  died  his  widow  in  1747)  he  had  a  son,  Cor- 
net John  Law,  of  the  Regiment  of  Nassau  Fries- 
land,  who  died  unmarried  at  Maestricht  in  1734, 
aged  thirty ;  and  a  daughter,  Mary  Catherine, 
married  to  William,  Viscount  Wallingford,  M.P. 
for  Banbury,  Major  of  the  first  troop  of  Horse 
Guards,  son  of  Charles,  fourth  titular  Earl  of 
Banbury.  Lord  Wallingford  died,  vita  patris, 
1740;  his  widow  died  in  London  in  1790,  aged 
about  eighty.  They  had  no  issue.  This  ended 
John  Law's  own  line,  but  his  name  and  family 
were  to  continue  in  France  with  increased  rank 
and  credit.  His  brother  William's  descendant 
was  to  add  a  coronet,  and  the  renown  of  a  warrior 
and  statesman  to  the  pedigree  of  the  Laws  of 
Lauriston.  WilliamLaw  of  Lauriston,  the  younger 
brother  of  the  great  financier,  was  Director-Gene- 
ral of  the  Indian  Company  in  France,  and  dying 
1752,  left,  with  daughters,  two  sons,  both  distin- 
guished men ;  the  younger  was  General  James 
Francis  Law,  Count  de  Tancarville,  and  Cheva- 
lier de  St.  Louis,  who  commanded  the  French 
king's  troops  at  Pondicherry,  and  died  in  1767, 
leaving  issue ;  and  from  him  descend  the  Laws 
of  Clapernon.  The  Director-General,  William 


32 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3'd  S.  IV.  JULY  11,  '63. 


Law's  'eldest  son,  was  Jobn  Law,  Baron  of  Lau- 
riston  (being  so  admitted  in  France),  Governor 
of  PondicLerry,  and  Mareschal  de  Camp,  who 
married  Jane,  daughter  of  Don  Alexander  Car- 
valho,  a  Portuguese  noble,  and  with  other  issue 
(one  son  William  Law,  a  naval  officer,  was  lost  in 
the  great  navigator  La  Peyrouse's  fatal  expedi- 
tion) was  father  of  James  Alexander  Bernard 
Law,  a  marshal  of  France,  and  Marquis  of  Lau- 
riston,  one  of  the  celebrated  men  of  modern 
France.  His  grandson  is  the  present  Marquis  of 
Lauriston,  a  nobleman  of  high  standing  and  rank 
in  Paris. 

With  regard  to  the  English  descent  in  the 
female  line  from  John  Law,  Sir  Bernard  Burke 
further  relates  thus  :  — 

"  Jean  Law,  a  sister  of  the  famous  financier,  and  second 
daughter  of  William  Law  of  Lauriston  and  his  wife,  Jean 
Campbell,  of  the  house  of  Argyle,  was  married  in  16G8, 
in  Scotland,  to  Dr.  Hay  of  Lethim,  a  scion  of  the  great 
families  of  Nisbets  of  Dirleton,  and  the  Hays,  Marquesses 
of  Tweedale.  Dr.  Hay's  only  child  and  heiress,  Margaret, 
was  married  to  the  eminent  physician  Dr.  William  Car- 
ruthers  of  Edinburgh,  whose  family  are  the  Carruthers 
of  Dumfriesshire  and  Dorsetshire,  and  whose  grandson 
Dr.  G.  E.  Carruthers  (now  represented  by  his  youngest 
daughter  and  coheir)  obtained  a  share  in  the  proceeds 
of  the  sale  (for  want  of  heirs  male  not  aliens)  of  Lauris- 
ton Castle.  There  thus  still  survives  a  British  connec- 
tion with  these  Laws  of  Lauriston,  whose  fame  and  for- 
tunes took  such  historic  root  abroad,  and  grew  into  that 
goodly  tree,  which  still  flourishes  in  France,  verdant  and 
unfading,  unhurt  by  revolution,  adversity,  or  change." 

E.  O.  Jl. 


As  a  descendant  collaterally  of  John  Law  of 
Lauriston,  the  great  financier  and  comptroller  of 
the^  Exchequer  in  France,  I  shall  feel  obliged  if, 
in  justice  to  his  memory,  you  will  correct  two  or 
three  mistakes  which  occur  in  your  recent  in- 
teresting article  about  him.  In  the  first  place, 
Lauriston  was  not  a  little  but  a  large  estate ;  and 
its  seat,  Lauriston  Castle,  has  continued  a  resi- 
dence of  consequence  down  to  the  present  day. 
It  was  not  long  ago  inhabited  by  the  late  lamented 
Earl  and  Countess  of  Eglinton,  and  is  now  the 
mansion  of  Charles  H.  C.  Inglis,  Esq.  Secondly, 
John  Law's  father  was  not  what  should  be  catted 
a  tradesman  ;  he  was  a  goldsmith  and  banker,  and, 
during  his  life,  a  man  of  rank  in  Edinburgh. 
Thirdly,  the  relationship  of  Jean  Campbell,  his 
wife,  John  Law's  mother,  with  the  noble  House 
of  Argyll,  was  no  dream.  The  great  Duke  of 
Argyll  and  Greenwich  always  acknowledged  John 
Law  to  be  his  cousin,  and  as  such  visited  him  in 
Paris.  Indeed,  the  Campbells  of  Argyll  have  no 
reason  to  disclaim  their  relationship  with  the 
House  of  Law ;  which  has  honourably  flourished 
in  England,  and  is  at  this  day  ennobled  for  its 
merit  in  France.  E.  M.  C. 


THE  ROD. 
(3rd  S.  Hi.  436.) 

That  the  practice  of  whipping  in  ladies'  schools 
was  common  in  the  early  part  of  this  century,  I 
can  testify.  At  that  time,  whilst  a  boy,  I  was 
taken  by  the  women  servants,  during  the  absence 
of  the  schoolmistress  of  a  first-rate  ladies'  school, 
into  her  dressing-room ;  there,  in  terrorem,  a 
draw  was  opened,  wherein  were  about  a  dozen 
heavy  birch  rods,  most  of  which  had  evidently 
been  used  unsparingly  for  purposes  of  punish- 
ment. The  servants  said  that  they  had  witnessed 
the  infliction  that  morning  on  two  pupils  for  talk- 
ing at  breakfast.  In  the  following  holidays  I 
asked  one  of  the  young  ladies  if  this  was  so,  and 
she  told  me  that  it  was  almost  a  daily  practice  of 
her  governess  for  every  fault,  however  trivial,  to 
order  the  culprit  into  her  dressing-room  where 
their  cries  could  not  be  heard ;  the  answer  to 
their  entreaties  for  pardon  being  —  "  Yes,  Miss, 
after  proper  punishment."  More  than  twenty 
years  afterwards  I  used  to  meet  this  stern  pre- 
ceptress in  society,  as  she  had  retired  upon  an 
independency  acquired  in  her  school ;  and  was 
generally  admired  for  her  stately  deportment  and 
fund  of  information.  She  was  a  large  powerful 
woman,  fully  capable  of  inflicting  severe  punish- 
ment, and  also  from  her  dictatorial  manner, 
equally  capable  of  lecturing  sternly  at  intervals 
during  its  infliction. 

The  following  extract  from  a  poem  entitled  The 
Terrors  of  the  Rod,  is  from  a  small  collection  of 
poems  printed  solely  for  private  distribution,  by 
the  late  Francis  Newbery,  Esq.  in  1815.  It  re- 
cords the  practice  in  question  still  nearer  to  the 
present  period ;  but,  probably,  some  of  your  nu- 
merous correspondents  may  bring  proofs  of  its 
existence  yet  closer  to  our  own  times :  — 

"  The  Muses  smiled,  and  gave  consent :  — 
When,  whisk,  at  once  away  I  went ! 
And,  what  was  still  more  odd,  and  risible, 
I  found  myself  become  invisible; 
And  slily  seated  on  a  stool, 
Among  a  pack  of  girls  at  school !  — 
All  tongues !  as  fast  as  they  could  chatter ! — 
Sure  never  was  there  such  a  clatter !  — 
But  one,  much  louder  than  the  rest, 
Amused  them  with  a  mighty  jest  — 
A  word !  —  she  had  picked  up  in  the  street ! 
A  word !  —  the  bard  will  not  repeat. 

Now,  hushed  at  once  the  little  band, 
Behold !  the  Governess,  so  grand, 
The  school-room  enters!  —  not  a  word, 
Where  all  was  riot,  now  is  heard ! 
Each  head,  by  her  majestic  look, 
Bent  down  on  sampler,  or  on  book ! 
When  lo!  the  gloomy,  lowering  eye, 
Prognosticates  a  storm  is  nigh :  — 
Too  sure  a  presage !  —  Says  the  dame, 
'  What  girl,  as  down  the  stairs  I  came, 
Dared  utter  that  vile  naughty  word, 
Which  never  in  my  school  was  heard  ? 


3'd  S.  IV.  JULY  11,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


33 


If  now  this  instant  you  wo'n't  own 
Who  'twas  —  I'll  whip  you  every  one.' 

All  — all  —  were  ready  then  to  cry  — 
'  'Twas  not  me,  Ma'am  —  'Twas  Betsy  Fry.' 
<  Who  —  Betsy  Fry  ?  —  I'm  quite  ashamed  — 
Such  a  great  girl !  —  to  hear  her  named : 
But  for  this  crime,  a  whipping  ample 
Shall  be  to  others  an  example. 
Indecent  wretch !  —  You,  Sally  Treacher, 
Go  run  up  stairs,  and  tell  the  teacher, 
To  bring  that  rod  she  made,  just  new, 
And  tied  up  with  a  ribbon  blue :  — 
Then  such  a  punishment  I'll  give ; 
As  you'll  remember,  while  you  live. 
No  begging,  Miss,  will  be  of  use, 
For  such  a  crime  there's  no  excuse  — 
No  further  parley ! '  —  Here  Miss  Glynn 
With  the  grand  instrument  came  in :  — 
So  smartly  tied  up  with  a  bow, 
It  might  be  deemed  a  rod  for  show : 
Yet  though  thus  elegant  the  plan, 
And  wide  expanded,  like  a  fan ;  — 
When  well  applied,  each  twig  apart 
Would  tend  to  multiply  the  smart. 

'  You  know,  Miss  Glynn,  it  is  my  rule, 
When  wicked  words  invade  my  school, 
T'  employ  this  instrument  of  pain, 
To  whip,  and  drive  them  out  again :  — 
So  down  with  that  vile  hussy  Fry, 
That  I  may  flog  her  instantly.' 

The  ready  teacher  then,  Miss  Glynn, 
(A  thorough  friend  to  discipline) 
Proceeds  the  culprit  straight  to  seize, 
Crying,  and  begging,  on  her  knees :  — 
But  vain  her  tears,  and  vain  her  prayer !  — 
She  laid  her  down  across  a  chair. 

The  governess  now  takes  her  stand : 
The  birchen  sceptre  in  her  hand  — 
With  lofty  air,  inspiring  awe ; 
And  upraised  arm  to  inforce  the  law  — 
She  shakes  the  whistling  twigs,  and  then, 
Whip  —  whip  —  whip  —  whip  —  inflicts  the  pain : 
Now  pauses ;  —  while  Miss  roars  aloud 
Sad  warnings  to  the  little  crowd :  — 
Crying  —  '  Oh !  dear  Ma'am,  pray  give  o'er, 
I  never  will  do  so  no  more.' 
In  vain :  the  rod's  reiterations 
Produce  fresh  pauses,  fresh  orations. 
'  These  stripes  I'm  sorry  to  impart ; 
But  'tis  for  your  own  good  you  smart. 
Who  spares  the  rod  will  spoil  the  child! — 
By  me  the  proverb  sha'n't  be  spoiled.' 
This  brought  the  conflict  to  a  close ; 
When  quick  the  smarting  culprit  rose. 

The  governess,  with  awful  state, 
And  head  erect,  resumed  her  seat :  — 
Then  calling  up  her  victim,  Fry, 
(Sobbing,  and  wiping  either  eye), 
Descanted,  with  all  due  reflection, 
On  crimes  provoking  such  correction :  — 
But  still,  to  heighten  the  impression 
Of  punishment,  for  this  transgression, 
On  a  high  stool  she  made  her  perch ; 
And  in  her  bosom  stuck  the  birch ;  — 
Warning  the  school  'gainst  crimes,  and  errors, — 
By  the  grand  triumph  of  its  terrors." 

E.  D. 


RALEGH  AKMS. 
(3rd  S.  iii.  149,  238,  295,  451.) 

I  am  much  obliged  to  the  several  correspon- 
dents of  "  N.  &  Q."  for  the  trouble  which  they 
have  taken  upon  this  subject.  It  is  one  of  con- 
siderable obscurity.  The  communication  of  J.  D. 
on  the  page  last  referred  to,  possesses  much  infor- 
mation of  interest.  I  am  unable,  however,  to 
agree  with  that  writer  when  he  pronounces  the 
arms  in  the  housings  on  the  official  seal  as  being 
entoire  of  something.  I  have  looked  closely  into 
it  with  a  large  glass,  and  although  there  is  un- 
questionably a  border,  it  seems  to  me  not  to  be 
of  an  armorial  character,  but  simply  some  trim- 
ming to  the  housing.  I  venture  to  think  J.  D. 
will  agree  with  me  upon  a  closer  inspection.  I 
do  not  think  also  that  the  third  crest  is  a  buck 
statant.  It  is  not  attired.  Perhaps  his  engravings 
may  clear  it  up. 

After  assigning  the  several  coats  quartered  in 
Ralegh's  private  seal,  J.  D.  says  most  of  these 
names  may  be  found  in  the  Ralegh  pedigree.  I 
shall  be  much  obliged  if  he  will  kindly  give  me  a 
reference  to  the  place  where  this  pedigree  may  be 
found,  or  if  he  will  state  what  authority  it  possesses. 
As  mentioned  in  my  notice,  in  p.  295,  the  official 
pedigree  of  this  family  recorded  at  the  Heralds' 
College  affords  no  authority  for  any  quarterings. 
There  is,  however,  among  the  Harl.  MSS.  (No. 
1500,  71)  a  pedigree  of  considerable  length,  said 
to  have  been  compiled  by  Mr.  Joseph  Holland. 
The  following  is  the  title :  — 

«  The  Pedigree  of  the  Right  Honorable  Sir  Walter 
Ralegh,  Knight,  Lord  Warden  of  the  Stanneries,  Lieu- 
tenant Generall  of  the  Province  of  Cornwall,  Captayne  of 
her  Maties  Garde,  and  Gouernor  of  the  He  of  Jernsey,  is 
here  drawn  by  such  Auncient  Euidence  as  doth  remayne 
in  the  possession  of  his  Lordship  at  this  day,  anno  Dni 
1601." 

I  conceive  this  pedigree  must  be  taken  as  pos- 
sessing all  the  authority  which  Sir  Walter  Ralegh 
could  produce  at  that  date.  It  commences  with 
a  Wymond  de  Ralegh,  Lord  of  Nettlecomb  and 
Bokhara,  and  of  lands  in  Wales,  whose  grandson,  or 
great-grandson,  Sir  John  Ralegh,  married  Joanna 
daughter  and  heiress  of  William  Newton  of  Fardel, 
by  Elleyn  Fitz-Waryn,  daughter  (and  heiress  ?)  of 
Juhell  Fitz-Waryn,  son  of  Waryn  Fitz-Juhell. 
From  this  Sir  John  Ralegh  every  match,  in  the 
direct  line  to  Sir  Walter,  is  given ;  but,  with  the 
exception  of  Ferrers,  not  a  single  name  mentioned 
by  J.  D.  occurs.  The  match  with  Ferrers  took 
place  temp.  Edw.  III.,  but  the  lady  is  not  de- 
scribed as  an  heiress.  I  forbear  at  present  enter- 
ing more  into  detail  with  this  pedigree.  As, 
j  however,  the  genealogy  of  a  man  of  so  great 
historical  reputation  as  Sir  Walter  Ralegh,  is 
worthy  of  investigation,  I  hope  at  some  future 
time  to  return  to  the  subject. 


34 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[_3*d  S.  IV.  JULY  11,  '63. 


I  am  aware  that  the  coat,  az.  three  lozenges, 
arg.,  is  borne  by  the  family  of  Freeman  of  Nor- 
thamptonshire. John  Freeman  of  Great  Billing 
died,  1614,  leaving  two  daughters  his  heirs  (Baker, 
vol.  i.  p.  20)  ;  but  I  am  surprised  to  learn  that  it 
is  found  on  a  monument  to  one  of  the  family 
of  Hele  of  Devon.  It  is  very  singular,  as  the 
arms  of  Hele  of  Fleet,  co.  Devon,  were  arg.  five 
lozenges  in  pale  ermine,  the  very  coat  borne  on 
the  other  seal  of  Sir  Walter  Ralegh,  mentioned 
by  J.  D. ;  except  that  in  the  Hele  coat  the  centre 
lozenge  is  charged  with  a  cross  and  faced  or. 
What  makes  the  matter  still  more  remarkable  is 
the  fact,  that  the  Heles  of  Fleet  possessed  the 
manor  of  Helland,  and  the  advowson  of  the  parish 
church,  in  the  window  of  which,  the  shield  which 
formed  the  subject  of  my  inquiry,  p.  295,  is  found. 
This  manor  was  parcel  of  the  possessions  of  Hum- 
prey  Arundel  the  rebel,  which,  being  forfeited, 
were  granted  to  Sir  Gawen  Carew,  Knt.,  who  had 
been  instrumental  in  suppressing  the  rebellion  ; 
and  were  by  him  demised,  under  licence  from  the 
crown,  to  Nicholas  Hele  (Parl.  Rolls,  I  Mary, 
Parl.  7  m.  29.)  The  family  of  Hele,  in  this 
line  at  least,  became  extinct  between  1716  and 
1734,  when  this  and  other  lands  passed  to  the 
Friese  (Triese)  family.  Can  any  of  your  readers 
tell  me  how  ?  whether  by  purchase  or  inherit- 
ance? 

The  variations  in  the  arms  used  by  Sir  Walter 
Ralegh  would  lead  to  the  inference  that  he  was 
not  very  certain  which  arms  he  was  really  entitled 
to  use. 

One  word  with  regard  to  the  supporters.  MR. 
WOODWARD  states  (p.  335),  that  "  Sir  Walter 
Ralegh  used  supporters  by  virtue  of  his  office  as 
Lord  Warden  of  the  Stanneries."  I  have  not 
been  able  to  ascertain  that  the  office  in  question 
entitles  its  holder  to  the  dignity  of  supporters. 
Assuming,  however,  that  it  does  so,  I  presume  that 
a  person  not  otherwise  entitled  could  not  assume 
them  without  authority.  A  newly  created  peer  is 
entitled  to  supporters,  but  they  must  be  duly 
granted,  and  registered  in  the  Heralds'  College.  I 
have  ascertained  that  no  such  grant,  or  registra- 
tion, exists  in  the  case  of  Sir  Walter  Ralegh. 

JOHN  MACLEAN. 
Hammersmith. 


ROBERT  ANDERSON. 
(3rd  S.  iii.  492.) 

A  much  more  complete  edition  of  Anderson's 
Cumberland  Ballads  than  either  of  those  referred 
to  was  printed  without  date,  at  Wigton,  by 
William  Robertson.  It  contains  one  hundred 
and  ninety-five  ballads,  besides  sixteen  by  other 
writers ;  a  memoir  by  himself,  notes,  and  a  glos- 


sary. The  Alnwick  edition,  printed  by  Davidson, 
has  only  eighty- five  ballads. 

The  autobiography  is  said  to  be  an  "abridge- 
ment of  the  memoir  originally  written  by  himself;" 
which  means  only,  I  suppose,  that  some  passages 
have  been  omitted;  for  there  can  be  no  doubt 
that  the  whole  of  what  is  printed  is  verbatim  his. 
He  says :  — 

«  At  six  o'clock  on  the  snowy  morning  of  February 
1st,  1770, 1  beheld  the  light  of  the  world  at  the  Damside, 
in  the  parish  of  St.  Mary,  in  the  suburbs  of  the  ancient 
city  of  Carlisle.  I  was  a  poor  little  tender  being,  scarce 
worth  the  trouble  of  rearing.  Old  Isbel,  the  midwife, 
who  had  assisted  at  the  birth  of  hundreds,  entertained 
many  fears  that  I  was  only  sent  to  peep  around  me,  and 
leave  them  to  shed  tears  for  my  loss.  Accordingly,  'Ere 
twelve  times  I'd  seen  the  light,  to  the  church  they  hur- 
ried me;'  and  I  have  not  unfrequently  had  reason  to 
exclaim,  '  Oh !  that  near  my  fathers  they  that  day  had 
buried  me  ?  '  I  was  the  youngest  of  nine  children,  born 
of  parents  getting  up  in  years ;  who,  with  all  their  kin- 
dred, had  been  kept  in  bondage  by  poverty,  hard  labour, 

and  crosses At  an  early  age,  I  was  placed  in  a 

Charity  School ;  supported  at  that  time  by  the  Dean  and 
Chapter  of  Carlisle,  for  the  education  of  children  only. 
Blessed  be  the  Founders  and  Supporters  of  such  Semina- 
ries. .  .  .  Still  do  I  remember  the  neat  dress,  slow  speech, 
placid  countenance,  nay,  every  feature  of  good  old  Mrs. 
Addison  the  teacher ;  unlike  her  namesake,  the  immortal 
author  of  Cato — who  published  lessons  of  wisdom  to  the 
world  that  will  last  for  ages— she  only  taught  lessons  in 
reading  and  plain  sewing :  yet,  as  Shenstone  observes, 

'  Right  well  she  knew  each  temper  to  descry,' 
and  guided  those  committed  to  her  charge  with  great 
tact  and  judgement." 

Afterwards  he  says  he  was  "  turned  over  to  a 
long,  lean,  needy  pretender  to  knowledge.  His 
figure  was  similar  to  that  of  the  mad  knight  of 
La  Mancha:  never  have  I  perused  that  inex- 
haustible treasury  of  humour  without  having  my 
tutor  in  view."  And  lastly,  he  was  placed  in  a 
"  Quaker's  school,  under  Mr.  Isaac  Ritson,  a  very 
learned  and  ingenious  man."  About  the  expira- 
tion of  his  tenth  year,  it  was  found  necessary  that 
he  should  quit  the  school,  "  in  order  to  try  and 
earn  a  little  by  hard  labour,"  which  was  with  his 
brother,  a  calico-printer ;  and  "  well  do  I  remem- 
ber," he  says,  "  the  happiness  it  afforded  me  to 
present  my  wages  (one  shilling  and  sixpence)  to 
my  beloved  father."  Afterwards  he  was  bound 
apprentice  to  a  pattern  drawer,  and  before  the 
expiration  of  his  apprenticeship  obtained  an  en- 
gagement in  London. 

"  Unfortunately,  I  had  engaged  myself  to  a  wretch  of 
the  most  unprincipled  character.  I  was  compelled  to 
arrest  him  for  wages,  and  the  distress  occasioned  me  by 
his  villany  was  of  no  inconsiderable  amount.  For  some 
months  I  was  confined  to  a  wretched  garret ;  and,  but 
for  the  kindness  of  a  sister,  I  must  have  perished  of  want 
and  misery.  Fortunately,  I  afterwards  got  employment 
under  a  master  as  remarkable  for  his  goodness  as  my 
former  one  had  been  remarkable  for  his  wickedness.  By 
him  I  was  used  more  like  a  companion  than  a  servant. 
It  was  during  my  sojourn  in  London,  that  my  first  at- 
tempt at  poetical  composition  was  made.  This  was  the 


S.  IV.  JULY  11,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


35 


song  called  'Lucy  Grey;'  which,  with  four  others,  I 
•wrote  one  day  after  being  at  Vauxhall  Gardens  with  a 
friend.  These,  and  some  others,  were  afterwards  set  to 
music,  and  sung  by  Mr.  Phelps  at  Vauxhall  in  1794 
My  poor  father,  whom  I  had  regularly  supported,  now 
paid  me  an  unexpected  visit.  He  was  in  his  seventy- 
sixth  year ;  and  walked  from  Carlisle  to  London,  a  dis- 
tance of  301  miles  in  six  days.  Tears  of  joy  greeted  our 
meeting;  but  such  was  his  aversion  to  the  noise  and 
tumult  of  London,  that  I  could  only  prevail  on  him  to 
remain  with  me  seven  days ;  at  the  end  of  which  time 
he  returned  to  Carlisle." 

The  son  followed,  and  afterwards  spent  many 
years  in  Ireland,  at  Brookfield,  near  Belfast :  — 
"There,"  he  says,  "I  must  plead  guilty  to  many 
irregularities  of  conduct,  which  often  ended  in 
misery."  He  ultimately  returned  to  Carlisle; 
and  a  public  dinner  was  given  in  honour  of  his 
return,  "  at  which  a  numerous  and  respectable 
party  attended." 

To  this  memoir  the  editor  adds  :  — 

"  He  was  very  far  from  comfortable  in  his  circum- 
stances in  the  latter  years  of  his  life,  having  fallen  into 
the  vice  of  intemperance,  which  robs  men  of  their  purses 
as  well  as  their  senses — and  made  him  'poor  indeed.' 
True,  it  may  be  urged  in  palliation  of  his  dissipation,  that 
he  was  a  great  favourite  amongst  his  fellow  citizens,  and 
his  company  was  much  courted  at  the  convivial  board. 
At  any  rate  it  is  well  known  that,  for  some  years  before 
his  death,  he  became  sadly  changed.  His  mind  became 
soured  and  distempered,  and  his  person  presented  a  hap- 
less picture  of  indigence  and  misery.  The  fear  that  he 
would  end  his  days  in  the  workhouse  haunted  his  imagin- 
ation to  an  extent  almost  to  induce  the  belief  that  he 
was  a  monomaniac  in  this  respect.  The  writer  of  these 
few  remarks  has  frequently  heard  him  express  his  dread 
that  such  would  be  his  fate.  However,  such  a  misfortune 
was  spared  him.  A  few  of  his  best  friends  entered  into  a 
subscription  to  provide  for  him," — and  so  on,  nearly  in 
the  words  quoted  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  3rd  S.  iii.  492. 

But  though  Anderson's  life  was  far  from  cor- 
rect, and  the  rural  manners  and  customs  which 
he  so  vividly  depicted  were  anything  but  refined, 
there  is  little  in  his  ballads  that  can  be  morally 
objected  to  ;  and  much  to  be  admired,  both  in  the 
poetry  and  the  sentiment.  Hence,  I  cannot  but 
think  that  a  new  edition  of  them,  better  printed 
than  the  homely  Alnwick  and  Wigton  editions — 
the  only  ones  that  I  have  seen — with  notes  more 
numerous  and  less  common-place  (and  especially 
a  better  glossary,  which  in  both  those  editions  is 
very  imperfect),  would  be  well  Deceived.  The 
Cumbrian  is  one  of  the  best  marked  varieties  of 
the  Northumbrian  dialect;  which,  Mr.  Garnett 
says  (Quarterly  Review,  Iv.  357)  "is  undoubtedly 
the  most  important  and  the  most  pleasing  of  our 
provincial  forms  of  speech,  especially  as  spoken 
in  the  North  and  East  Ridings  of  Yorkshire." 
And  though  he  thinks  the  Cumberland  pronun- 
ciation "  less  pure  "  than  that  of  some  other  va- 
rieties of  the  dialect,  natives  of  the  county  are 
probably  of  a  different  opinion. 

The  following  may  be  given  as  a  specimen  of 
Anderson's  compositions.  It  is  less  poetical  than 


many  others,  but  it  is  also  less  dialectic,  and  con- 
tains little  or  no  local  allusions ;  it  will,  therefore, 
be  better  understood  by  southern  readers. 

"  THE    DAWTIE. 

"  Jenny. 
" '  Tho'  weel  I  leyke  ye,  Jwohny  lad, 

[  cannot,  munnet,  marry  yet ! 
My  peer  auld  mudder's  unco  bad, 

Sae  we  a  wheyle  mun  tarry  yet ; 
For  ease  or  comfort  she  has  neane — 
Leyfe's  just  a  lang,  lang  neet  o'  pain ; 
I  munnet  leave  her  aw  her  leane, 
And  wunnet,  wunnet  marry  yet ! ' 

"  Jwohnny. 

" '  0  Jenny !  dunnet  brek  this  heart, 
And  say,  we  munnet  marry  yet ; 
Thou  cannot  act  a  jillet's  part  — 
Why  sud  we  tarry,  tarry  yet  ? 
Think,  lass,  of  aw  the  pains  I  feel ; 
I've  leyk'd  thee  lang,  nin  kens  how  weel ! 
For  thee,  I'd  feace  the  varra  de'il  — 

0  say  not,  we  mun  tarry  yet  I ' 

"  Jenny. 
11 '  A  weddet  leyfe's  oft  dearly  bowt ; 

1  cannot,  munnet  marry  yet ; 
Ye  ha'e  but  little — I  ha'e  nowt, 

Sae  we  a  wheyle  mun  tarry  yet ! 
My  heart's  yer  awn,  ye  needna  fear, 
But  let  us  wait  anudder  year, 
And  luive,  and  toil,  and  screape  up  gear — 

We  munnet,  munnet  marry  yet ! 

" '  'Twag  but  yestreen,  my  mudder  said, 

"  0  dawtie !  dunnet  marry  yet ! 
I'll  suin  lig  i'  my  last  cauld  bid ; 

Tou's  aw  my  comfort — tarry  yet." 
Whene'er  I  steal  out  ov  her  sect, 
She  seeghs,  and  sobs,  and  nowt  gangs  reet  — 
Whisht ! — that's  her  feeble  voice — Guid  neet ! 
We  munnet,  munnet  marry  yet  I '  " 

D. 


THE  COUNCIL  or  TEN  (3rd  S.  iii.  510.)— The  pe- 
riodical to  which  your  correspondent  ZETA  alludes, 
must  I  think  have  been  one  published  by  the  late 
Rev.  James  Shergold  Boone,  A.M.,  once  a  student 
of  Christ  Church;  he  was  very  much  distin- 
guished in  his  early  day,  having  won  both  the 
University  prizes  for  Latin  and  English  verse  in 
1817,  that  for  Latin  prose  in  1820,  Craven 
Scholar,  and  nominated  a  select  preacher  before 
the  University  at  the  time  of  his  death,  which 
took  place  about  the  year  1859.  He  then  held,  I 
think,  a  curacy  at  Paddington.  Of  his  assistants 
in  the  work  I  can  give  no  account.  W. 

IRISH  AT  CRESST  (3rd  S.  iii.  407.)  —  The  state- 
ment of  six  thousand  Irish  having  fought  at  the 
battle  of  Cressy  is  to  be  found  in  p.  424  of  Rapin's 
History  of  England,  fol.  edit.  1732.  The  scorch- 
ing of  the  bull,  at  the  siege  of  Boulogne,  is  in 
Holinshed. 

Could  any  of  your  correspondents  inform  me 
what  the  Irish  force  at  Agincourt  in  1415  was, 
and  by  whom  they  were  led  ?  M.  P. 


36 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  IV.  JULY  11,  '63. 


A  SINGULAR  GENERAL  :  GUERIN  DE  MONTAIGU 
(3rd  S.  iii.  469.) — II  est  tres-aise  de  satisfaire  la 
curiosite  de  M.  ROBT.  WRIGHT  au  sujet  du  singu- 
lier  general  dont  parle  le  general  Wolfe,  et  qui 
n' avait  plus  qu'im  tout  ce  que  les  autres  hommes 
ont  deux.  Ce  guerrier  si  etrangement  mutile 
etait  le  comte  de  Rantzau,  Marechal  de  France. 
(Voyez  sa  genealogie  dans  le  Diet,  de  Moreri, 
edit,  de  1759.)  II  mourut  au  mois  de  septembre 
1650,  dans  un  age  peu  avance.  Rantzau  avait 
toutes  les  qualites  d'un  grand  general.  On  dit 
qu'il  avait  ete.  tellement  mutile  dans  les  guerres 
qu'il  ne  lui  restait  plus  qu'un  ceil,  qu'une  oreille, 
un  bras,  et  une  jambe.  C'est  ce  qui  donna  lieu  a 
1'epitaphe  suivante : — 

"  Du  corps  du  grand  Rantzau  tu  n'as  qu'une  des  parts : 
L'autre  moitie  resta  dans  les  plaines  de  Mars. 
II  dispersa  partout  ses  membres  et  sa  gloire. 
Tout  abattu  qu'il  fut,  il  demeura  vainqueur : 
Son  sang  fut  en  cent  lieux  le  prix  de  sa  victoire, 
Et  Mars  ne  lui  laissa  rien  d'entier  que  le  coeur." 

Le  portrait  du  Marechal  de  Rantzau  se  voit  au 
Musee  de  Versailles.  II  a  ete  grave  in-folio  par 
Boulanger;  il  fait  aussi  partie  du  recueil  in  4°  de 
Montcornet. 

Oserai-je,  &  mon  tour,  m'adresser  pour  un 
eclaircissement  qui  m'interesse  aux  lecteurs  des 
"  N.  &  Q."  qui  s'occupent  des  recherches  genea- 
logiques  ?  J'ai  publie  recemment  les  CEuvres  de 
Maurice  et  d*  Eugenie  de  Guerin,  dont  plusieurs 
Revues  anglaises  ont  deja  rendu  compte.  Eugenie 
dit,  dans  une  Notice  sur  sa  famille :  — 

"  Les  chroniques  de  notre  maison  la  disent  d'origine 
v£nitienne.  On  la  trouve  e'tablie  en  France  au  commence- 
ment du  neuvieme  siecle,  vu  un  GueYin,  ou  plutot  Gua- 
rini,  e*tait  comte  d'Auvergne.  D'apres  Moreri,  ce  fut  la 
souche  des  GueYin  de  Montaigu,  qui  ont  ete"  long  temps 
comtes  de  Salisbury." 

Ce  que  je  desirais  beaucoup  savoir,  c'est  si  1'as- 
sertion  de  Moreri  est  exacte,  et  comment  les 
Guerin  de  Montaigu,  d'Auvergne,  sont  devenus 
comtes  de  Salisbury,  en  Angleterre  ? 

Agreez,  je  vous  prie,  Monsieur,  1'assurance  de 
ma  consideration  la  plus  distinguee. 

L'EDITEUR  DE  MAURICE 

ET  D'EUGENIE  DE  GUERIN. 
Bibliotheque  de  Caen. 

ATTACK  ON  THE  PRINCE  OF  WALES  (3rd  S.  iv.  9.) 
The  late  Colonel  Lowther,  for  forty  years  M.P. 
for  Westmoreland,  and  a  cousin  of  James  Earl  of 
Lonsdale,  was  a  constant  companion  of  George  IV. 
when  Prince  of  Wales,  in  the  Carlton  House 
revels  at  the  close  of  the  last  century.  He  fre- 
quently described  to  me  the  attack  on  the  Prince 
of  Wales,  to  which,  probably,  your  correspondent, 
KAPPA,  refers.  The  Prince  and  a  party,  among 
whom  was  old  Colonel  Lowther,  General  Hulse, 
and  others  whose  names  I  do  not  remember,  had 
been  to  a  house  of  ill  repute  in  Berkeley  Street. 
They  were  returning  up  Hay  Hill,  when  they 


were  stopped,  and  their  money  demanded,  by  a 
man  who  presented  a  pistol  at  them.  Among 
them  all  they  could  only  muster  half  a  crown. 
When  they  passed  on  the  Prince  remarked,  "Don't 
you  know  that  fellow  who  robbed  us  ?  I  could 
swear  to  him  anywhere;  it  is  Champneys,  the 
singer."  No  stir  was  made  about  the  event,  or 
the  apprehension  of  the  offender.  The  house  at 
which  they  had  been  amusing  themselves  was  a 
sufficient  reason  for  the  Prince  to  avoid  exposure. 
These  are  the  circumstances  precisely  as  narrated 
to  me  more  than  forty  years  ago  by  Colonel  Low- 
ther, one  of  the  party.  SENEX. 

THE  GRAVE  OF  ANNE  BOLEYN  (3rd  S.  iii.  488, 
515.) — In  a  small  French  publication,*  edited  by 
Francisque  Michel,  the  indefatigable  scholar  and 
antiquary,  I  find  it  is  stated  that  Anne  Boleyn 
was  buried  in  the  Tower.  The  following  are  the 
words  of  the  letter,  the  title  of  which  is  quoted 
in  part  below :  — 

"  And  one  of  her  ladies  then  took  up  the  head,  and  the 
others  the  body ;  and  covering  them  with  a  sheet,  did 
put  them  into  a  chest  which  there  stood  ready,  and  car- 
ried them  to  the  church  which  is  within  the  Tower; 
where,  they  say,  she  lieth  buried  with  the  others." 

In  M.  Michel's  publication,  the  letter  is  given 
in  Portuguese,  English,  and  French.  The  English 
translation  is  by  Viscount  Strangford.  The  Eng- 
lish version  had  been  published  before  by  Sir 
Nicolas  Harris  Nicolas  ;  but  the  original  in  Por- 
tuguese was  printed  by  M.  Michel  apparently  for 
the  first  time,  and  was  probably  written  by  an 
eye-witness.  J.  MACRAY. 

HEAD  MASTERS  OF  REPTON  SCHOOL  (3rd  S.  iii. 
512.) — As  an  old  Reptonian,  I  venture  to  supple- 
ment the  reply  you  give  to  this  Query.  The 
palmy  days  of  that  school  certainly  did  not  end 
with  Dr.  Sleath.  The  Head  Mastership  of  the 
Rev.  J.  H.  Macaulay,  M.A.,  commencing  in  1830, 
and  closed  by  his  untimely  death  in  1840,  was 
fruitful  in  honours  gained  by  Reptonians  at  both 
Universities.  He  was  succeeded  by  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Williamson  Peile,  D.D.  (the  editor  of  the 
ChoepJiorcB  and  Agamemnon),  in  1841 ;  and  that 
gentleman's  retirement,  in  1854,  made  way  for 
the  present  able  Head  Master,  Dr.  Pears ;  under 
whom  the  school  flourishes  to  the  extent  its 
warmest  friends  could  desire. 

Full  information  respecting  the  school  and  hos- 
pital may  be  gathered  from  the  History  of  Repton, 
published  in  1854,  and  ably  edited  by  Dr.  Bigsby. 
It  was  printed  by  Woodfall  &  Kinder,  and  sold 
by  Richard  Keene,  Irongate,  Derby. 

The  list  of  the  Head  Masters  of  the  school,  from 

*  Lettre  d'un  Gentilhomme  Portugal*  a  un  de  ses  amis 
de  Lisbonne  sur  I' Execution  d'Anne  Boleyn,  Lord  Rock- 
ford,  Brereton,  Norris,  Smeton,  et  Weston,  etc.  8vo, 
'Paris,  1832. 


3rd  S.  IV.  JULY  11,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


37 


1621  to  the  present  time,  will  be  found  at  p.  177 
of  the  work  referred  to. 

Among  the  Under-Masters  of  the  school,  in 
past  days,  were  Dr.  Lightfoot,  the  great  Hebrew 
scholar  (1621) ;  and  Lewis,  translator  of  the 
Thebaid  of  Statius.  A. 

MEANING  OF  BOUMAN  (3rd  S.  iii.  512.)  — The 
word  "  Bouman  "  is,  as  you  say,  not  in  Jamieson ; 
neither  is  the  word  "  Bowing,"  pronounced  boo- 
ing] although  in  every  Scotch  newspaper  there 
are  advertisements  of  "Bowings  to  be  let."  A 
farmer,  having  more  grass  land  than  he  means  to 
farm,  lets  it  off  as  a  Bowing :  that  is,  he  under- 
takes to  find  pasture  for  a  certain  number  of 
cows,  for  which  he  receives  so  much  a  head  from 
the  Bowman ;  whose  name  I  presume  comes,  not 
from  Boucht,  but  from  the  word  for  cows  and 
oxen  which  occurs  in  so  many  languages. 

Halliwell,  in  his  Dictionary  of  Archaic  and  Pro- 
vincial Words,  gives  :  "  Booing,  roaring,  bleating, 
making  a  noise  like  cattle."  J.  C.  M. 

"RIGHT  WORSHIPFUL  THE  MA  TOE"  (3rd  S.  iii. 
517,  518.) — We  are  obliged  to  your  correspondent 
BRISTOLIENSIS,  for  having  dug  out  what  appears 
to  be  a  genuine  "Right  Worshipful  Mayor," 
the  commission  from  the  crown  office  being  so 
addressed  to  him ;  and  his  powers,  like  those 
of  the  mayor  of  Yarmouth  (see  p.  378)  being 
peculiar  and  very  extensive  within  his  jurisdic- 
tion. This  seems  entirely  to  agree  with  the 
opinion  ably  expressed  by  ME.  KING,  in  the  page 
cited  above  ;  and  seems  to  make  a  proper  distinc- 
tion, by  having  the  generality  of  mayors  worship- 
ful only.  Q.  IN  A  COENER. 

SINAITIC  INSCEIPTIONS  :  REV.  THOMAS  BROCK- 
MAN  (3rd  S.  iii.  497.)  — The  above-named  distin- 
guished Orientalist,  in  a  letter  to  me  on  this 
subject,  expressed  his  conviction  that  these  in- 
scripts  are  in  the  language  of  the  Nabatasans,  the 
Edpinites  of  Scripture,  whose  rock-hewn  metro- 
polis, the  primal  type  of  all  the  great  inter-orien- 
tal euiporia,  though  long-forsaken  of  inhabitants, 
will  outlast  all  other  works  of  man,  and  yield  only 
to  the  universal  solvent  of  the  judgment-fire. 

Brockman  died  at  Wadi-Beni-Tabor  on  the 
east  coast  of  Arabia  in  July,  1846,  while  on  a  tour 
of  exploration  under  the  auspices  of  the  British 
government  and  the  Royal  Geographical  Society ; 
but  his  papers,  journals,  and  some  score  of  sketches 
were  preserved  intact  under  the  injunction  of  our 
ally,  the  late  Imaam  of  Muskat,  and  ultimately 
reached  his  father,  then  rector  of  Cheriton,  near 
Sandgate.  Have  these  reliquise  seen  the  li^ht,  or 
are  they  yet  forthcoming  ?  They  must  possess 
Considerable  antiquarian  and  philological  interest  ; 
for  Brockman  was  an  indefatigable  investigator, 
and  possessed  a  conscientious  truthfulness  of  cha- 
racter that  ensured  the  genuineness  of  minutest 
details. 


The  Rev.  C.  Forster,  in  his  Oriental  Treatises, 
alludes  (only  in  a  cursory  way)  to  Brockman's 
journals.  J.  L. 

Dublin. 

RIDING  THE  STANG  (2nd  S.  x.  477,  519 ;  xii. 
411,  483.)  —  I  was  preparing  a  note  on  this  cus- 
tom, thinking  it  peculiar  to  Yorkshire ;  but  I 
found  by  reference  to  your  former  series  that  it  has 
been  noticed  in  the  volumes  above-named,  as 
having  occured  in  several  counties.  This  noisy 
ceremony  has  been  twice  performed  this  month  in 
this  locality :  one  of  which  passed  off  with  impu- 
nity, but  the  other  came  to  grief,  and  figures  in 
the  police  reports  of  a  local  paper,  charged  with 
obstructing  the  highway. 

I  will  now  put  myself  in  order  by  making  a 
note,  and  asking  a  question. 

Note.  The  women  of  my  parish  look  upon  this 
riding  the  stang  as  a  good  old  custom,  and  that 
the  police  are  very  officious  by  interfering  with 
it ;  and  the  old  women  say  it  is  a  legal  ceremony 
if  it  is  performed  in  three  townships.  If  less  than 
three,  the  man  has  legal  remedy  on  the  plea  of 
defamation  of  character. 

Query.  Stang !  wide  derivatur  ?  Here  it  means 
a  pole.  Slanging  a  cart  (much  practised  in  this 
hilly  country)  is  fixing  a  pole  across  the  wheel,  so 
as  to  act  like  a  drag  going  down  a  hill.  On  the 
other  hand,  Johnson  says  it  is  a  perch,  derived 
from  rtsenj,  and  quotes  examples  from  Swift :  — 

"  These  fields  were  intermingled  with  woods  of  half  a 
stang,  and  the  tallest  tree  appeared  to  be  seven  feet 
high." 

GEOBGE  LLOYD. 

Thurstonland. 

INSECURE  ENVELOPES  (3rd  S.  i.  415,  474.) — In 
Plutarch's  dialogue,  De  Defectu  Oraculorum,  De- 
metrius says, — 

'O  iiyf/ji&v  TTJS  KtAi/cias,  atnbs  /J.€f  a/j.<t>i8o£os  &i>  lrt 
Trpbs  TO.  Beta,  Si  ourdffftav  oinoTJas  ol/uat  "  r&AAa  yap  •fy/ 
vSpiffTijs  Kal  <pav\os '  exaw  8e  irepl  ainbv  ETriKovpfiovsTivas 
TJ]V  KO\^V  Si},  is  at/rot  \fyovffi,  <pv<rio\oyiav  evvSpi^ovras 
TOIS  TOIOVTOIS  (i<reirf/j$fv  airf\fvOepot>,  olou  fls  iroAeyituw 
KasraffKoirov  fvffKevdcras,  f^ovra  KaT€(r<f>payifffj.€VT}v  Se\rov 
if  rj  rb  fpaiT>i/J.u  ?iv  ejyeypa/j.nevof,  ovSevus  elS6ros 
fvwxfvffas  olv  6  avdpctrrros,  &<nrfp  e6os  ecrrl,  ry  crriKip, 
Kal  KaraKotfj.ridfls,  a.Trt)yyft\f  fj.fd*  •fj^epav  fwinrviov  roiov- 
rov.  'PivQpcaTrov  eSo^fV  aura!  Ka\bv  iirurravTa  <f>8fy£aa6ai 
TovovTov  '  MeAwa,  Kal  TtXtov  ovQev,  aAA'  ei>6vs  otxftrdai ' 
TOVTO  T)IJ.IV  fj.tv  aTOTrov  efpdisTi]  Kal  7roAA/)r  airopiav  irapf- 
crx^v '  o  Se  iiyejj.ui'  fK€ivo  f£fir\dyr)  Kal  irpoffeKvvriatv,  Kal 
rt]v  8e\rov  avoi^as,  eTrtSetKj/uej/  tpiarT]fj.a  TOIOVTOV  yeypafi.- 
fj.evov  '  Tlorepdv  ffot  \evKov  ij  /ue'Aaj/a  6va<a  ravpov  ;  Sicrrf 
Kal  TOVS  ' ' EiriKovpfiovs  Sta.irpaTrr)i>at,  KaKfivov  avrbv  r!\v 
re  Ovffiav  eiriTe\ew,  Kal  ffeSeffOai  Sid  re\ovs  T&V  Muifop. 
—  De  Defectu  Oraculorum,  chap.  xlv.  ed.  Wyttenbach, 
torn.  ii.  p.  773.  Oxon.  1796. 

The  governor  and  his  Epicurean  friends  must 
have  been  very  credulous  and  simple-minded  not 
to  guess  that  the  handsome  man  was  the  priest, 


38 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3«»  S.  IV.  JULY  11,  '63. 


and  the  arrangement  of  the  temple  such  as  to 
make  a  man  suddenly  awakened  mistake  a  reality 
for  a  dream.  The  only  difficulty  lies  in  getting  at 
the  contents  of  the  letter.  Lucian  explains  the 
mystery.  He  says  that  Alexander  imitated  Am- 
philochus,  who,  after  the  death  of  his  father,  Am- 
phiarau9,  settled  in  Cilicia,  and  answered  questions 
at  two  obols  a  head. 

'E/ceAeu<re  5«  eKaffrov,  o5  Seoiro  &v  Kal  f>  /j.d\iffra  jua- 
6eiv  eOf\ot,  es  &i§\iov  f'yypdtya.vTa,  Kara^p^/ai  re,  Kal 
Karaffrjuyvacrdat  Kijpf,  ?)  mj\<£,  ^  ctAAy  roiovrcp '  avrbs 
Sf  \aSwv  TO.  pi§\la.,  /cal  e's  rb  &$vrov  Kare\0ibv  (flSt/  yap 
6  ffois  eyfiyepro,  Kal  ^  ffKT)vr)  Trapetr/ceuaaTo),  KaXefftiv 
l)u€A.\6  Kara  raftf  rovy  SeSw/coray,  irrcb  /cjypwcj,  /cal  6to- 
\6yif  .  /cal  ais  irapa  TOV  6eov  a/cotW  e/raerra,  TO  (lev 
f)iG\ioi>  airoStafffiv  ffeffrifj.curti.evov  &s  «?Xe>  fhv  8e  Tpi>s  avrb 
a.ir6Kpiffiv  viroyeypafj./j.fin)v  irplis  eiros  a^eiSo/xej/oo  TOV 

Oeov  irepl  STOV  rls  epoiro Alexander,  c.  19,  ed.  Bipont, 

1790,  torn.  v.  p.  82. 

Lucian  says  that  no  intelligent  man  could  be 
imposed  upon  by  such  artifices,  but  they  were 
sufficient  for  TO?S  iSiurais,  /cal  KOpvfas  /ieerro?s  rty  p"iva. 
He  then  details  at  some  length,  the  ways  by  which 
letters  were  opened  without  leaving  traces  of  the 
operation  on  the  seals. 

J.  R.  also  asks,  whether  any  secure  envelope 
has  been  invented  ?  I  beg  to  refer  him  to 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  2nd  S.  i.  381,  &c.  I  believe  we  have 
made  no  advance.  The  present  envelope  has  an 
inconvenience  easy  to  remedy,  but  about  which 
people  seem  not  to  care.  The  adhesive  matter  of 
the  seal  sticks  to  and  often  tears  the  letter  within. 

H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  Club. 

COSMOGONY  or  JOANNES  ZONARAS  :  FIBMAMENT 
(3rd  S.  iii.  365,  497.)  —  In  the  Cosmographia  of 
Apian,  Antwerp  edition,  1550,  your  correspondent 
will  find  a  curious  representation  of  the  spheres. 
According  to  Apian,  the  universe  (mundus)  is  di- 
vided into  two  parts  or  regions,  the  "  regio  ele- 
mentaris,"  and  the  "regio  aetherea;"  the  former, 
consisting  of  earth,  water,  air,  and  fire,  occupies 
the  three  inner  circles ;  earth  and  water,  sur- 
rounded by  air,  and  this  latter  by  fire.  Then  fol- 
low, in  regular  order,  these  spheres  :  — 

"  (1)  Moon,  (2)  Mercury,  (3)  Venus,  (4)  Sun,  (5)  Mars, 
(6)  Jupiter,  (7)  Saturn;  mox  sequitur  firmamentum 

(8)  quod  stellifera  sphera  est    .      .      .      illam  circumdat 

(9)  nona  sphiera,  quce  quum  nulla  in  ea  stellarum  cemitur 
—  (surely  this  is  Lord  Rosse's  '  black  ground '),  —  ecelum 
crystallinum  seu  aqueum  appellatur.   Istas  tandem  aetheras 
sphaeras,  Primum  mobile,  quod  et  decimum  coelum  dicitur, 
sui  ambitu  amplectitur      .      .      .     nullaque  in  eo  existit 
Stella.      .       .       .       Ultra  hunc  quicquid  est  immobile  eat, 
et  empyreum  coelum  (quern  Deus  cum  electis  inhabitat) 
nostrae  orthodoxse  fidei  professores  esae  affirmant." 

In  this  account  the  firmament,  or  eighth  sphere, 
is  not  considered  to  be  "  a  solid  dome  of  ice,"  but 
a  "  star-bearing  sphere."  Above  this,  however, 
we  find  the  "  coelum  crystallinum  seu  aqueum " 


destitute  of  stars,  in  locality  corresponding  to  "  the 
waters  that  are  above  the  firmament ; "  and  above 
this  again  we  have  the  "Dei  habitaculum"  of 
Apian  and  "  the  professors  of  the  orthodox  faith," 
corresponding  to  the  "  totally  distinct  region  of 
light" — "the  third  heaven,"  if  you  will. 

As  Zonaras  died  in  1116,  and  Apian  in  1589,  it 
is  probable  that  the  latter  wrote  with  a  knowledge 
of  the  discoveries  made  by  astronomers  during  the 
four  centuries  which  had  elapsed  since  the  death 
of  the  former. 

If  ME.  SALA  does  not  happen  to  be  acquainted 
the  Jewish  School  and  Family  Bible,  a  translation 
of  the  Holy  Scriptures  into  English  by  Professor 
Benisch,  it  may  perhaps  interest  him  to  see  how 
this  learned  Jew  renders  the  passage  in  Genesis 
i.  6,  7,  8  :  — 

"And  God  said,  Be  there  AN  EXPANSE  in  the  midst 
of  the  waters  and  let  it  cause  a  division  between  waters 
and  the  waters.  And  God  made  the  expanse  and  caused 
a  division  between  the  waters  which  were  under  the  ex- 
panse, and  the  waters  which  were  above  the  expanse : 
and  it  was  so.  And  God  called  the  expanse  Heaven." 

The  Mosaic  account  forbids  the  idea  of  this 
firmament  or  expanse  being  a  solid  dome  of  ice, 
for  in  it  God  is  said  to  have  set  the  sun  and  the 
moon,  &c. : — 

"And  God  said,  Be  there  luminaries  (i.  e.  light  givers, 
light  bearers,  reflectors  of  light)  in  the  expanse  of  the 
heaven  .  .  .  and  they  shall  be  for  luminaries  in  the 
expanse  of  the  heaven  to  give  light  upon  the  earth." — 
Verses  14,  15,  Benisch's  Translation. 

CHESSBOROUGH. 

Harbertonford. 

PROVINCIAL  NEWSPAPER  (3rd  S.  iii.  470.)— The 
Worcester  Journal  was  established  at  least  two 
years  earlier  than  the  Newcastle-upon-Tyne  Cou- 
rant,  though  not  under  its  present  name  :  — 

"  From  the  best  information  it  is  conjectured,  that  a 
public  paper  was  established  in  Worcester  as  early  as  the 
commencement  of  the  Revolution,  or  about  1690.  That 
Worcester  was  among  the  earliest,  if  not  the  first,  of  the 
provincial  cities  that  opened  this  very  important  and 
ready  channel  of  communication  of  foreign  and  domestic 
intelligence,  is  clearly  ascertained.  It  is  uncertain,  how- 
ever, in  what  order  of  succession  these  publications  were 
first  issued — whether  monthly  or  weekly,  on  what  day  of 
the  month  or  week,  or  in  what  form;  but  in  June,  1709, 
they  assumed  a  regular  and  orderly  appearance,  in  a 
small  folio,  containing  six  pages,  which  formed  a  weekly 
number,  published  every  Friday ;  and  were  printed  by 
Stephen  Bryan,  under  the  title  of  the  Worcester  Post- 
man."— Chambers's  Worcester,  p.  368. 

This  title  was  altered,  in  1741,  to  that  of  the 
Worcester  Weekly  Journal;  and  on  June  23,  1748, 
to  the  Worcester  Journal,  which  title  it  retains. 

CUTHBERT  BEDE. 

The  Newcastle-upon-Tyne  Courant,  which  was 
established  in  1711,  is  not  the  oldest  provincial 
newspaper.  In  1706,  The  Norwich  Postman  was 
established,  containing  remarkable  occurrences, 
foreign  and  domestic  ;  printed  by  S.  Sheffield,  for 


.  IV.  JDLYll, '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


39 


T.  Goddard,  bookseller,  Norwich.  This  was  a 
small  4to  foolscap,  for  which  the  regular  charge 
was  a  penny,  but  "  a  halfpenny  not  refused."  In 
1709,  The  Worcester  Journal  was  commenced  by 
Mr.  Berrow,  which  exists  to  the  present  day. 

HENRY  T.  BOBART. 
33,  Cambridge  Terrace,  Leicester. 

REV.  JOHN  BAIL  (1*  S.  xii.  166.)  — Turning 
over  a  volume  of  "  N.  &  Q."  within  the  last  few 
days  I  met  with  a  query  respecting  the  Rev.  John 
Ball ;  and  though  a  considerable  time  has  elapsed 
since  it  appeared,  I  send  a  reply,  which  your  cor- 
respondent ABHBA  may  be  glad  to  receive.  He 
will  find  many  particulars  of  Mr.  Ball  in  Anecdotes 
of  Eminent  Persons,  vol.  ii.  pp.  42-53  (London, 
1813).  A.  A.  R. 

ORIGIN  OF  THE  WORD  BIGOT  (I1*  S.  v.  277, 
331 ;  ix.  560.)  —  On  this  subject,  I  venture  to 
send  you  the  following  passage  from  Ford's  Ga- 
therings from  Spain  (Murray,  1846).  Speaking 
of  mustachios,  he  says  :  — 

"  Their  present  and  usual  name  is  bigote,  which  is  also 
of  foreign  etymology,  being  the  Spanish  corruption  of  the 
German  oath,  bey  gott,  and  formed  under  the  following 
circumstances:  for  nicknames,  which  stick  like  burrs, 
often  survive  the  history  of  their  origin.  The  free  riding 
followers  of  Charles  V.,  who  wore  these  tremendous  ap- 
pendages of  manhood,  swore  like  troopers,  and  gave 
themselves  infinite  airs,  to  the  more  infinite  disgust  of  their 
Spanish  comrades,  who  have  a  tolerably  good  opinion  of 
themselves,  and  a  first-rate  hatred  of  all  their  foreign 
allies.  These  strange  mustachios  caught  their  eyes  as  the 
stranger  sounds  which  proceeded  from  beneath  them  did 
their  ears.  Having  a  quick  sense  of  the  ridiculous,  and 
a  most  Oriental  and  schoolboy  knack  at  a  nickname,  they 
thereupon  gave  the  sound  to  the  substance,  and  called 
the  redoubtable  garnish  of  hair  bigote" 

I  commend  this  passage  to  those  interested  in 
the  study  of  the  derivation  of  words.  If  the 
Spanish  bigote  be  indeed  corrupted  from  a  Ger- 
man oath,  and  if  Dean  Trench  be  correct  in 
deriving  our  word  bigot  from  the  Spanish  word 
for  the  hirsute  covering  of  the  upper  lip,  we  are 
presented  with  one  of  the  most  singular  instances 
in  the  English  language  of  far-fetched  derivation. 
It  might  throw  some  light  on  the  two  links  in  the 
chain  of  evidence  if  it  could  be  ascertained —  1. 
At  what  date  was  ligote  first  used  as  a  Spanish 
word,  signifying  mustache  ? 

2.  At  what  date  was  bigot  first  used  as  an  Eng- 
lish or  French  word,  signifying  an  intolerant  reli- 
gionist? R.  W. 

Dublin. 

CLOUDBERRY  (3rd  S.  iii.  512.)  —  In  answer  to 
MR.  J.  D.  CAMPBELL'S  question  concerning  the 
cloudberry  (Rulms  chamcemorus),  I  beg  to  state 
that  it  still  grows  abundantly  on  the  higher  portions 
of  Pendle  Hill,  near  Clitheroe  in  Lancashire;  and 
consequently,  though  it  cannot  be  said  literally 
"  to  come  out  of  the  clouds,"  yet  it  is  frequently 


among  them.  I  have  met  with  it  in  the  same 
locality  at  different  seasons  during  the  last  six  or 
seven  years,  but  I  never  saw  it  showing  a  sign  of 
either  blossom  or  fruit.  A  gentleman  residing  in 
Preston  has  informed  me  that  he  found  the  plant 
growing  on  Pendle  Hill  thirty-five  years  since, 
but  could  not  find  a  single  blossom  on  it  although 
he  was  there  in  its  blossoming  season.  Dawson 
Turner,  in  the  Botanisfs  Guide,  1805,  names  In- 
gleborough  as  a  habitat  of  this  plant,  and  says 
"  he  was  informed  at  Ingleton  that  it  never  bore 
flowers  there."  However  this  may  have  been  at 
the  time  of  Mr.  Turner's  visit,  I  cannot  confirm 
the  latter  statement  at  the  present  period,  for  I  was 
much  gratified  during  an  ascent  of  Ingleborough 
at  the  end  of  May,  1860,  in  finding  the  cloud- 
berry blossoming  abundantly. 

CHAS.  Jos.  ASHFIELD. 
51,  Knowsley  Street,  Preston. 

EPIGRAM  (3rd  S.  iii.  499.)— It  is  a  pity  .that  your 
correspondent  P.  P.  Q.  did  not  furnish  a  correct 
copy  of  the  riddle,  as  he  terms  it ;  as,  had  he  done 
so,  he  would  have  seen  that  the  lines  are  merely  a 
hoax.  The  real  version  I  subjoin  :  — 

"  When,  from  the  Ark's  unbending  round, 

The  world  stepp'd  forth  in  pairs, 
Who  was  the  first  that  heard  the  sound 
Of  boots  upon  the  stairs  ?  " 

The  answer  is  not  "  the  kraken."  The  true 
reply  is  that  which  I  adopt  as  my  signature,  viz. 

Otiris. 

JOHN  GWYNN,  ARCHITECT  (1st  S.  xi.  406.) — If 
your  correspondent  HARVARDIENSIS  of  Cambridge, 
New  England,  be  still  interested  in  his  inquiry 
for  some  account  of  this  artist,  he  will  find  a  few 
lines  in  W.  Sandby,  History  of  the  Royal  Academy 
of  Arts,  8vo,  1862.  A  longer  and  better  oner 
though  with  a  few  errors,  in  John  Chambers, 
Biographical  Illustrations  of  Worcestershire,  8vo, 
Worcester,  1820,  pp.  504-6  ;  and  a  more  complete 
one  in  The  Builder  journal  for  this  year,  pp. 
454-7,  contributed  by  your  humble  servant. 

WYATT  PAPWORTH. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

Clironicks  of  the  Mayors  and  Sheriff's   of  London,  A.D. 
1188  to  A.D.  1274,  from  t'te  Latin  and  Anglo-Norman  of 
the  Liber    de  Antiquis   Legibus,    attributed    to   Arnold 
Fitz-Tredmar ;  The  French  Chronicle  of  London,  A.D. 
1259  to  A.D.  1343,  from  the  Anglo-Norman  Chroniques 
de  London.     Translated  with  Notes  and  Illustrations,  by 
Henry  Thomas  Riley,  M.A.,  &c.     (Triibner  &  Co.) 
It  is  not  Mr.  Riley's  fault  if  the  good  citizens  of  the 
metropolis  are  ignorant  of  the  early  history  of  their  an- 
cient citv.    We  have  from  time  to"  time  brought  under 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


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42 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"1  S.  IV.  JULY  18, '63. 


This  liturgy  soon  came  into  general  use.  _  It 
seems  to  have  extended  in  every  direction,  with- 
out, being  influenced,"  in  any  way,  by  the  reform 
of  Pope  Gregory  the  Great.  According  to  Father 
Lesley,  a  learned  Jesuit,  who  published  an  edition 
of  the  Mozarabic  Liturgy  at  Rome  in  1755,  St. 
Leander,  the  predecessor  of  St.  Isidore,  was  the 
first  who  revised  the  ancient  Spanish  rite  for  the 
use  of  the  Goths,  to  which  additions  were  after- 
wards made  by  his  brother,  St.  Isidore.  (See 
Alban  Butler's  Life  of  St.  Isidore,  April  4th.) 
This  liturgy  continued  in  use  until  the  invasion 
of  Spain  by  the  Moors,  at  the  commencement  of 
the  eighth  century. 

At  that  unfortunate  period,  while  numbers  of 
Spaniards  fought  valiantly  for  their  faith,  and 
some  retired  amongst  the  sierras  of  the  north, 
others  submitted  to  the  conquerors  under  certain 
conditions,  the  chief  of  which  were,  —  that  they 
should  be  allowed  to  preserve  and  practise  their 
religion  without  danger  or  molestation.  To  these 
conditions  the  Moors  generously  agreed.  Robles 
tells  us,  that  when  Toledo  was  surrendered  by 
the  Christians  —  after  a  most  obstinate  resistance 
and  defence,  one  of  the  conditions  was,  "  that  the 
Christians  should  live  according  to  their  own 
law,  and  that  six  or  seven  churches  should  be 
given  up  to  them,  wherein  the  holy  offices  might 
be  continued."  (P.  207.)  Those  who  lived  under 
the  Moorish  power  received,  according  to  the 
statement  of  Dr.  Hefele,  the  name  of  "  Mostara- 
buna  "  —  an  Arabic  participle,  signifying  mixed 
with  Arabs,  while  their  liturgy  was  soon  called 
the  Mostarabic,  the  Muzarabic,  Mozarabic,  or 
Mixed  Arabic  :  — 

"  Da  nun  aber  die  unter  Maurischer  Herrschaft  leben- 
den  Spanier,  den  Namen  Mosterabuna  —  d.  i.  die  Ara- 
bisirten  oder  Vermischten  erhielten,"  &c.  (Die  Mozura- 
bische  Liturgie^  xiii.  U.S.  152.) 

The  same  etymology  of  the  word  is  given,  both 
by  Gomez  and  Robles ;  the  iirst  writer  says  :  — 

"  Nonnulli  tamen  quibus  pntrii  domesticique  lares 
c.iriores  libertate  fuerunt,  coditione  accepta,  sub  Arabum 
et  Mauroruvn  imperio  sacris  suis  retentis,  in  urbe  manse- 
rant.  Ergo  ejusmodi  homines  quod  Arabibus  permisti 
viverent,  Misturabes  appellati  sunt,  et  illorum  Ecclesias- 
ticus-ritus-officium  Mistarabum.  Qua  vox,  cum  tern- 
poris  diuturnitate  turn  barbarortim  lingua  est  corrupta, 
et  in  Mozarabum  degeneravit,  qua  mine  vulgus  ntitur." 
(De  Rebus  Gestis  Francisci  Ximenii,  lib.  ii.  fol.  41.) 

Robles  also  observes :  — 

"  Este  vocablo  '  Muzarabe '  es  corrompido  de  Mtxti- 
arabe,  que  es  lo  mismo  que  dezir,  'Christiano  mezclario 
con  Alarabes.' "  (Cap.  xx.  £)e  la  Explication  deste  vocablo- 
Muzarabe,  p.  207.) 

Don  Pascual  de  Gayangos,  however,  who  is 
one  of  the  best  Arabic  scholars  in  Spain,  gives 
a  different  interpretation  of  the  word  in  his 
Mahommedan  Dynasties  iq  Spain  (English  trans- 
lation, London,  1840,  4to.  vol.  i,  pp".  419^20.) 
He  says  :  — - 


"  Mozarabe,  or  Muzarabe,  is  the  Arabic  Musta'rab, 
meaning  a  man  who  tries  to  imitate  or  become  an  Arab 
in  his  manners  and  language :  and  who,  though  he  may 
know  Arabic,  speaks  it  like  a  foreigner." 

This  etymology  of  the  word  seems  very  pro- 
bable, for  the  Christians  were  so  mingled  up  with 
their  conquerors  and  masters,  that  in  process  of 
time  they  were  distinguished  from  the  Arabs 
amongst  whom  they  lived  by  little  except  their 
faith.  (Conde,  Hist,  de  la  Domination  de  los 
Arabes  en  Espaiia.  Madrid,  1820,  torn.  i.  p.  229.) 

When  Toledo  was  recovered  from  the  Moors, 
and  annexed  again  to  the  crown  of  Castile,  in 
the  eleventh  century,  the  Gregorian  rite  was 
adopted  in  the  place  of  the  Mozarabic.  This 
choice  was  confirmed  in  a  council  held  in  that 
royal  and  ancient  city,  in  the  year  1088.  But 
the  approval  of  the  council  raised  such  a  powerful 
opposition  amongst  those  who  still  adhered  to  the 
use  of  the  Mozarabic  Liturgy,  that  it  was  con- 
sidered necessary  to  decide  the  dispute  by  the 
"  Judgment  of  God."  A  copy  of  both  liturgies 
was  accordingly  thrown  into  a  blazing  fire.  The 
Gregorian  copy  rebounded  from  the  pile  of  wood 
and  fell  by  the  side  of  it,  while  the  Mozarabic 
remained  uninjured  in  the  midst  of  the  flames. 
The  inhabitants  of  Toledo  exulted  over  the  vic- 
tory ;  but  the  King  Alfonso  VI.  decided  that,  as 
both  liturgies  appeared  to  be  respected  by  the 
fire,  so  they  should  both  be  allowed  in  his  king- 
dom. This '  decision  gave  rise  to  the  proverb, 
"  Alia  van  leyes,  donde  quieren  Reyes" — "Where 
kings  wish,  there  the  laws  go." 

But  though  the  king  recognised  both  liturgies, 
he  did  not  think  proper  to  grant  them  equal  rights. 
The  Mozarabic  Liturgy  was  confined  to  only  six 
parish- churches  in  Toledo,  while  all  the  other 
churches  of  the  city  and  of  the  kingdom  were 
obliged  to  use  the  Gregorian  rite. 

But  in  course  of  time  the  Mozarabic  Christians 
in  Toledo  lost  all  attachment  to  their  ancient 
liturgy,  in  consequence  of  which  the  Gregorian 
began  by  degrees  to  be  adopted  in  the  six  parish 
churches  above  mentioned,  and  the  Mozarabic 
was  used  only  on  certain  festivals. 

Such  was  the  state  of  matters  when  Ximenez 
became  Archbishop  of  Toledo,  in  1495.  His  pre- 
decessor, the  great  Cardinal  Mendoza,  had  already 
commenced  the  work  of  restoring  the  Mozarabic 
rite  ;  but  as  death  prevented  him  from  accom- 
plishing his  object,  Ximenez  completed  the  work. 
He  carefully  collected  all  the  best  manuscripts  of 
the  said  Liturgy,  and  chose  Alfonso  Ortiz  —  a, 
Canon  of  the  Cathedral  of  Toledo — together  with 
three  parish  priests  attached  to  the  churches  of 
the  Mozarabic  rite,  with  power  to  revise  the 
manuscripts,  and  to  change  the  ancient  Gothic 
characters  for  the  Roman  letters.  The  Cardinal, 
when  everything  was  arranged,  published  at  his 
so|e  expense  a  great  number  of  Mozarabio  Mi-s- 


S.  IV.  JULY  18,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


43 


sals  and  Breviaries,  copies  of  which  are  now 
seldom  or  ever  to  be  met  with  in  Spain,  though 
the  Roman  reprint  of  1755,  and  the  edition  by 
Lorenzana  of  the  Breviarium  Gothicum  in  1775, 
are  to  be  found  in  most  good  libraries. 

But  in  01  der  that  the  Mozarabic  Liturgy  might 
rest  on  a  secure  foundation,  Ximenez  erected  a 
beautiful  chapel  in  the  Cathedral,  under  the  title 
of  "  Corpus  Christi,"  and  endowed  a  college  for 
thirteen  priests  to  officiate  according  to  the  Moz- 
arabic rite  :  these  were  called  Mozarabes  Capel- 
lani,  and  the  head-chaplain  was  named  Capellanus 
Major.  These  celebrated  the  divine  office  every 
day,  and  recited  the  canonical  hours  according 
to  the  same  rite.  While  the  Roman  Liturgy 
is  now  happily  used  throughout  the  whole  of 
Spain,  the  Mozarabic  is  still  kept  up  in  the  Cathe- 
dral of  Toledo,  the  funds  for  this  purpose  which 
were  left  by  Ximenez  having  been  fortunately 
preserved,  to  a  considerable  extent. 

It  would  be  unsuitable  for  the  pages  of 
"N.  &Q."  to  enter  into  any  details  connected  with 
the  ceremonies  of  this  ancient  and  venerable 
Liturgy.  They  may  be  found  in  Robles,  Tho- 
masius,  Bona,  Martene,  and  Aguirre.  A  short 
description  and  explanation  of  the  Mozarabic 
Mass  are  to  be  found  in  Hefele's  Life  of  Cardinal 
Ximenez  (English  Translation,  ed.  London,  1860, 
p.  187.)  J.  DALTOX. 

Norwich. 


EXCHEQUER:  OR  EXCHECQUER— CHEQUE. 

The  following  is  half  a  "  Query"  and  half  a 
"Note."  I  want  to  know,  first,  as  much  as  is 
patent  as  to  the  origin  of  the  sign  of  the  "  Che- 
quers," the  oldest  tavern  cognizance,  I  believe, 
extant,  and  still  visible  on  the  door-jambs  of  a 
wineshop  in  Pompeii, — and  as  to  the  curious  con- 
nection between  such  a  convivial  emblem  and  our 
grave  legal  finance  tribunal  the  Court  of  Exche- 
quer, the  table  of  which  court  was,  within  the 
memory  of  living  persons,  covered  with  a  cloth 
bearing  a  pattern  of  alternate  white  and  black 
squares.  I  shall  be  told,  doubtless,  that  our  word 
exchequer  comes  obviously  from  the  French 

Echiquier"  or  chessboard,  and  that  the  "che- 
quers" was  anciently  a  very  apt  sign  for  a  tavern 
where  any  modifications  of  the  games  of  chess, 
draughts,  or  backgammon  were  played;  but  I 
cannot  obtain  a  satisfactory  solution  of  why  the 
"chequers"  should  have  had  anything  to  do  with 
the  royal  treasury. 

_Next:  I  noted  recently  in  Venice,  that  the 
mint  is  called  the  "  Zecca."  Here,  obviously  the 
word  is  derived  from  the  Venetian  zecchino  or 
Sequin.  The  Sequin  is  said  to  have  been  ori^in- 
ally  a  Turkish  coin  ;  but  not  being  an  orientalist, 
I  am  unable  to  determine  its  possible  Turkish  or 
Arabic  root,  I  will,  however,  observe  that  it  is 


quite  as  feasible  for  the  Turks  to  have  gotten 
their  sequin  from  the  Venetians,  and  not  vice 
versa,  seeing  that  the  former  inhabitants  of  the 
Adriatic  city  were,  in  the  Middle  Ages,  the  great 
"  moneyers  "  of  the  world.  Prior  to  the  capture 
of  Constantinople  by  Mahomet  II.  there  was  no 
Turkish  coinage  to  speak  of;  and  from  their  inter- 
course with  the  Greek  Empire,  the  Venetians — and, 
through  them,  Europe — obtained  not  "sequins" 
but  "Byzants"  or  "Besants,"  from  "Byzantium." 
The  "Besant"  still  lingers  in  heraldry. 

I  cannot  help  thinking  that  the  Italian  term 
"zecca"  has  something  to  do  with  our  exchequer, 
the  more  so  as  the  first  die-sinkers,  seal-engra- 
vers, and  moneyers  who  settled  in  England  were 
either  Venetians  or  Greeks.  A  "  zecca,"  exche- 
quer, or  absolute  treasury  for  money  coined  may 
have  been  attached  to  the  actual  mint  (Mvnnaie, 
Moneta).  I  have  admitted  that  to  connect  the 
"  Exchequer,"  in  its  pecuniary  bearings,  with  the 
"  chequers,"  as  a  pattern,  passes  my  comprehen- 
sion ;  still  I  am  strengthened  in  my  belief  as  to 
the  affinity  of  "exchequer"  and  "zecca"  when  I 
come  to  the  consideration  of  the  word  "cheque," — 
the  order  or  draft  for  payment  of  money  deposited 
in  the  hands  of  a  banker.  Certain  etymologists 
have  been  hasty  enough  to  hold  "cheque"  as 
identical  with  "  check,"  the  act  of  curbing  or  re- 
straining. Thus,  in  drawing  a  "cheque,"  you  keep 
a  "  check  "  on  your  banker ;  but  the  real  "  check," 
as  a  curb  or  verificatory  document,  is  not  the 
"cheque"  which  departs  from  you,  but  the 
"  counterfoil"  or  "  stump  "  which  you  keep.  Ob- 
serve as  a  curious  fact,  that  although  we  have 
borrowed  "counterfoil"  from  the  Norman  "con- 
trefeuille,"  the  equivalent  term  in  modern  French 
banking  is  " souche,"  the  "  root  "  or  "stump,"  or 
extraction  of  a  thing,  as  in  "  un  gentilhomme  de 
bonne  souche." 

In  old  time  the  goldsmiths  (Lombards  and  Ve- 
netians, by  the  way),  were  wont  to  keep  their 
own  and  their  customers'  money  in  the  king's 
treasury ;  and  the  flagitious  shutting  up  of  this 
treasury,  and  impounding  of  its  contents  by 
Charles  II.,  will  be  remembered  as  one  of  the  most 
impudent  acts  of  dishonesty  ever  perpetrated  by 
a  king.  What,  however,  could  have  been  more 
natural  than  for  the  Veneto- Lombard  goldsmiths 
to  Have  called  the  treasury  (then  closely  associated 
with  the  mint)  the  "  zecca,"  and  a  draft  drawing 
money  thereupon  (when  they  could  get  it)  a 
"zeque"  or  "cheque  "  ?  There  was  once  an  official 
also  called  the  "clerk  of  the  cheque."  Who  and 
what  was  he  ? 

I  have  transcribed  this  as  I  found  it  in  my 
note-book,  written  when,  from  circumstances,  I 
was  debarred  from  access  to  any  books  of  etymo- 
logical reference.  But  I  have  gained  very  little, 
since  my  return  to  England,  from  the  consulta- 
tion of  authorities  readier  to  the  hand,  and  am 


44 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


(.3rd  S.  IV.  JULY  18,  '6 


therefore  emboldened  to  appeal  to  the  correspon- 
dents of  "  N.  &  Q."  to  point  out  more  recondite 
sources  of  information. 

GEORGE  AUGUSTUS  SALA. 


"THE  BOOK  OF  DAYS:"  TRANSLATION  OF 
ST.  CDTHBERT. 

The  Book  of  Days  occasionally  gives  some 
account  of  a  saint,  under  the  day  of  his  feast. 
Accordingly,  under  the  date  of  September  4,  it 
has  a  long  article  on  the  "  Translation  of  St. 
Cuthbert,"  characterised  by  the  usual  inaccuracies 
and  prejudice  of  its  other  notices  of  the  saints. 
It  is  well  known  that,  in  1827,  on  the  17th  of 
May,  a  stone  slab  was  removed  from  the  Feretory 
of  St.  Cuthbert,  in  Durham  Cathedral,  and  a 
skeleton  taken  up,  which  was  confidently  asserted 
to  be  that  of  St.  Cuthbert.  It  is  not  my  inten- 
tion to  enter  upon  any  discussion  as  to  the  cor- 
rectness of  this  assertion  :  my  only  object  here  is 
to  rectify  the  mistakes  of  the  Book  of  Days. 

"  The  next  appearance  of  St.  Cuthbert,"  it  says,  "  was 
in  May,  1827 ;  when,  in  presence  of  a  distinguished  as- 
semblage, including  the  dignitaries  of  Durham  Cathedral, 
his  remains  were  again  exhumed  from  their  triple  encase- 
ment of  coffins." 

From  this  account,  the  reader  would  be  led  to 
conclude  that  the  exhumation  was  a  public  pro- 
ceeding, conducted  before  a  large  assemblage, 
and  by  the  dignitaries  of  the  cathedral.  But  the 
truth  is,  that  it  was  quite  a  private  undertaking  ; 
conducted  by  one  prebendary,  the  Rev.  W.  N". 
Darnell,  and  one  other  clergyman,  the  Rev.  James 
Raine,  Rector  of  Meldon :  and  the  "  distinguished 
assemblage  "  was  composed  of  the  deputy-receiver, 
the  clerk  of  the  works,  the  verger,  and  the  master 
mason.  Mr.  Raine,  indeed,  includes  the  Rev.  S. 
Gilly,  another  prebendary,  among  the  openers  of 
his  tomb.  But  I  know,  from  his  own  declaration, 
that  he  was  not  present  at  the  actual  opening. 
He  was  engaged  in  the  service  of  the  choir  ;  but 
hearing  a  strange  noise  in  the  Feretory,  he  ran 
thither  in  his  surplice  as  soon  as  the  service  was 
over,  to  see  what  was  going  on.  He  there  found 
the  Rev.  Messrs.  Darnell  and  Raine,  and  the 
others.  The  two  workmen  were  actually  stand- 
ing within  the  coffin,  and  trampling  upon  its  con- 
tents. He  ordered  them  out,  remonstrated  with 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Darnell,  and  requested  that  wit- 
nesses might  be  sent  for  out  of  the  town,  and  also 
some  one  from  Ushaw  College.  Mr.  Darnell  was 
sub-dean :  he  seemed  very  nervous,  and  refused 
assent  to  Mr.  Gilly's  proposals.  He  wished  to 
finish  the  investigation  as  quickly  as  possible,  and 
to  prevent  any  crowd  assembling.  So  much  for 
the  "distinguished  assemblage."  Mr.  Gilly  then 
went  down  himself;  and  discovered  a  stole  and 
two  maniples;  a  portable  altar  of  oak,  covered 


with  silver ;  a  gold  cross  on  the  breast  of  the 
skeleton,  and  a  paten  lying  by  it.  The  bones 
were  all  placed  in  a  new  chest,  and  buried  again 
in  the  same  place.  The  Book  of  Days  goes  on  :  — 

"From  all  the  appearances,  it  was  plain  that  the 
swathings  had  been  wrapped  round  a  dry  skeleton,  and 
not  round  a  complete  body ;  for,  not  only  was  there  no 
space  left  between  the  swathing  and  the  bones,  but  not 
the  least  trace  of  the  decomposition  of  flesh  was  to  be 
found.  It  was  thus  clear  that  a  fraud  had  been  practised ; 
and  a  skeleton  dressed  up,  in  the  habiliments  of  the  grave, 
for  the  purpose  of  imposing  on  popular  credulity,  and 
benefiting  thereby  the  influence  and  temporal  interests  of 
the  church." 

It  would  be  out  of  place  in  the  pages  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  to  go  into  a  refutation  of  this  gratui- 
tous imputation  of  fraud ;  but  before  any  im- 
partial reader  adopts  this  assertion  of  the  Book  of 
Days,  I  would  have  him  in  justice  peruse  a  work 
published  the  year  after  this  exhumation,  and 
entitled,  Remarks  on  the  Saint  Cuthbert  of  the 
Rev.  James  Raine,  M.A.,  &c. ;  with  the  following 
significant  motto,  "  Quodcumque  ostendis  mihi  sic, 
incredulus  odi."  It  was  written  by  the  late  Dr. 
Lingard;  and  the  same  learned  author  has  a  long 
note  on  the  subject  in  the  3rd  edition  of  his  His- 
tory and  Antiquities  of  the  Anglo-Saxon  Church, 
vol.  ii.  p.  77.  But  the  flippant  and  groundless 
imputation  of  fraud  will  be  found  well  met  in  the 
Remarks  above  referred  to,  at  p.  61.  F.  C.  H. 


KEMBLE'S  VERSION  OF  "THE  TEMPEST." 

In  the  article  in  The  Cornhill  Magazine  for 
July  on  the  "  Stage  Adaptations  of  Shakspeare," 
mention  is  made  of  the  adaptation  of  The  Tempest 
produced  by  Mr.  John  Kemble  in  London  "  in 
the  winter  of  1789."  The  exact  date  was  Oc- 
tober 13,  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre.  The  Cornhill 
writer  says :  — 

"  This  new  version,  in  which  Hippolito  and  Dorinda 
again  made  their  appearance,  and  which  altogether  was 
a  sort  of  compromise  between  Shakspeare  and  Dryden, 
was  the  recognised  Tempest  of  the  stage  till  Mr.  Macready 
revived  the  original  play  at  Covent  Garden." 

In  connection  with  this  subject  it  may  be  worth 
while  to  mention  the  following  fact  connected 
with  the  first  production  of  The  Tempest  by  the 
Kemble  family,  and  (what  I  imagine  to  be)  the 
first  appearance  of  the  future  Mrs.  Siddons  in  a 
play  of  Shakspeare ;  which  facts  have  been  over- 
looked by  Boaden,  Campbell,  and  other  bio- 
graphers of  the  Kemble  family. 

It  was  in  1767  that  Mr.  John  Kemble  became 
the  manager  of  the  Worcester  Theatre,  then  held 
"  at  the  Great  Room,  at  the  King's  Head,  in 
High  Street,"  where  Mr.  Ward  (the  father  of 
Mrs.  Kemble,  and  the  restorer  of  Shukspeare's 
monument)  had  been  manager.  At  that  time  the 
managers  of  country  theatres  were  driven  to 


3'd  S.  IV.  JULY  18,  '63. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


45 


various  ingenious  expedients  in  order  to  evade 
those  penalties  upon  unlicensed  playhouses  threat- 
ened by  Sir  Robert  Walpole's  "Golden  Rump" 
Act  of  1737;  and  they  usually  advertised  and 
charged  for  a  concert  in  which  a  dramatic  per- 
formance would  be  introduced  gratis.  Indeed,  on 
one  occasion,  at  Wolverhampton,  Mr.  Kemble's 
company  performed  a  "  Concert  of  Vocal  and 
Instrumental  Music,  divided  into  three  parts," 
together  with  the  comic  opera  of  "  Love  in  a 
Village,"  all  of  which  was  gratis;  but  the  gra- 
tuitous tickets  could  only  be  obtained  at  certain 
places  where  was  to  be  had  "  a  quantity  of  tooth- 
powder  (from  London),  selling  in  packets  at  2s., 
1*.  or  Gd.  each  ; "  and  it  was  "  humbly  hoped  that 
no  Ladies  or  Gentlemen  will  take  it  amiss,  that  they 
cannot  possibly  be  admitted  without  a  Ticket." 
In  the  above  opera,  the  future  Mrs.  Siddons 
appeared  as  Rosetta,  and  Mr.  Siddons  as  Young 
Meadows ;  and,  as  it  was  just  before  her  resi- 
dence with  Mr.  Greathead's  family  at  Guy's  Cliff, 
it  was  probably  their  last  joint  appearance  before 
their  marriage  —  the  date  of  which  is  not  given 
by  Mrs.  Siddon's  biographers,  but  was  Nov.  26, 
1773,  at  Trinity  Church,  Coventry.  On  the  13th 
of  December,  1773,  the  plays  of  The  West  Indian 
and  The  Padlock  were  performed  by  Mr.  Kemble's 
company  at  Worcester,  the  characters  of  Char- 
lotte Rusport  in  the  former,  and  of  Leonora  in 
the  latter,  being  sustained  by  "  Mrs.  Siddons  ; " 
which  I  imagine  to  be  the  first  occasion  on  which 
we  meet  with  that  illustrious  name,  now  a  house- 
hold word. 

She  had  received  a  good  education  (given  gra- 
tuitously by  the  then  mistress)  at  Thorneloe 
House  School,  in  Worcester,  where  her  native 
talent  was  manifested  at  amateur  theatricals ; 
and  she  appears  to  have  made  her  debut  on  the 
AVorcester  stage  when  she  was  twelve  years  old, 
though,  as  we  know  from  "  the  Boys  and  the 
Frog"  anecdote,  she  had  made  her  first  appear- 
ance on  other  boards  at  a  very  tender  age.  (Her 
Worcester  life,  I  may  observe,  is  altogether  passed 
over  by  her  biographers.)  At  twelve  years  of 
age,  on  February  12  and  14,  1767,  she  performed 
at  Worcester  the  character  of  the  Young  Prin- 
cess in  the  play  of  Charles  the  First,  and  also 
sang  in  the  concert.  On  April  16,  1767,  Kemble 
produced  his  version  of  The  Tempest.  I  copy  so 
much  of  the  bill  as  relates  to  the  play  and  the 
Kembles.  The  future  Mrs.  Siddons,  it  will  be 
seen,  was  the  singing  Ariel :  — 

"  Worcester,  April  16th,  1767. 
"  MR.  KEMBLE'S  Company  of  Comedians. 

"  At  the  THEATRE  at  the  KING'S  HKAD,  on  Monday 
evening  next,  being  the  20th  of  April  instant,  will  be 
performed  a  CONCERT  OF  MUSICK,  to  begin  at  exactly 
half-an-hour  after  six  o'clock.  Tickets  to  be  had  at  the 


usual  places.    Between  the  parts  of  the  Concert  will  be 
presented,  gratis,  a  celebrated  COMEDY  call'd 

The  TEMPEST  ;  or  the  Inchanted  Island. 
(As  altered  from  Shakspeare  by  Mr.  Dryden  and  Sir 

W.  D'Avenant.) 

With  all  the  Scenerj-,  Machinery,  Musick,  Monsters, 
and  other  Decorations  proper  to  the  piece,  entirely  new. 

Alonzo  (Duke  of  Mantua),  Mr.  Kemble ; 
Hyppolito  (a  youth  who  never  saw  a  Woman), 

Mr.  Siddons ; 
Stephano  (Master  of  the  Duke's  Ship),  Mr.  Kemble ; 

Amphitrite,  by  Mrs.  Kemble ; 
Ariel  (the  Chief  Spirit),  by  Miss  Kemble; 

and  Milcha,  by  Miss  F.  Kemble. 
The  Performance  will  open  with  a  Representation  of  a 
Tempestuous  Sea  (in  perpetual  agitation)  and  Storm,  in 
which  the  Usurper's  Ship  is  Wreck'd ;  he  Wreck  ends 
with  a  Beautiful  Shower  of  Fire. — And  the  whole  to 
conclude  with  a  CALM  SEA,  on  which  appears  Neptune, 
Poetic  God  of  the  Ocean,  and  his  Royal  Consort  Amphi- 
trite, in  a  Chariot  drawn  by  Seahorses,  accompanied  with 
Mermaids,  Tritons,  &c." 

And  it  was  in  this  fashion  that  the  Tempest 
was  produced  by  Mr.  Kemble,  twenty-two  years 
later  than  this,  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre.  The 
above  extract  from  the  Worcester  play-bill  is 
noteworthy  as  recording  (at  least,  I  believe  so) 
the  first  appearance  of  the  future  Mrs.  Siddons  in 
a  Shakspearian  character ;  and  it  is  a  circum- 
stance that  has  not  been  noted  by  her  biographers. 

CUTHBEET  BEDE. 


THE  QUEEN'S  MEMORIAL  TO  THE  LATE 
PRINCE  CONSORT  AT  BALMORAL. 

A  copy,  in  full,  of  the  inscriptions  upon  this 
Memorial  may  interest  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
The  "  Memorial  Cairn,"  as  it  is  called  in  the  lo- 
cality, is  situated  upon  a  high  mountain  which 
overlooks  the  Palace  of  Balmoral,  and  a  great 
portion  of  the  upper  district  of  Deeside.  The 
monument  is  composed  of  native  granite,  is  pyra- 
midal in  form,  and  has  four  sides.  Upon  the 
north  side,  cut  in  plain  Roman  capitals,  is  the 

following :  — 

«  TO 

THK  BELOVED   MEMORY 
OF 

ALBERT, 

THE   GREAT  AND   GOOD, 

PRINCE   CONSORT. 

ERECTED     BY     HIS 

BROKEN   HEARTED   WIDOW, 

VICTORIA    R. 
21ST    AUGUST, 

1862." 

Upon  another  dressed  slab,  a  few  inches  below 
the  above,  is  this  quotation  :  — 

"  He  being  made  perfect  in  a  short  time, 
Fulfilled  a  long  time : 
For  his  soul  pleased  the  Lord, 
Therefore  hasted  He  to  take 
Him  away  from  among  the  wicked. 

Wisdom  of  Solomon,  chap.  iv.  verses  13 
and  14." 


46 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  JULY  18,  '63. 


Upon  the  east  side  of  the  Memorial  there  are 
ten   separate    stars,   bearing  the   initials   of  the 
Queen  and  her  family,  viz. :  V.R. ;  V.A.M.L. 
A.E.;    A.M.M.  ;    A.E.A.  ;    H.A.V.  ;    L.C.A. 
A.W.P.A.;   L.C.D.A. ;  B.M.V.F."     Below  these 
initials,  the  date  of  "21st  August,  1862." 

There  are  no  carvings  on  the  south  and  wesl 
sides.  Possibly  some  of  your  correspondents  may 
be  able  to  say  whether  the  well-known  couplet 
"  He  takes  the  good,  too  good  on  earth  to  stay, 

And  leaves  the  bad,  too  bad  to  take  away," — 

had  been  suggested  by  the  last  clause  of  the  above 
beautiful  quotation  from  the  Apocrypha  ?  which 
lately  formed  the  subject  of  so  uncalled-for  an 
attack  upon  the  Queen  by  a  leader  of  the  Free 
Church  of  Scotland  ;  and  which  was  so  admirably 
answered,  soon  after,  by  a  correspondent  in  The 
Times.  A. 


POPE  AND  SENAULT. 

Pope  in  Lis  Essay  on  Man   appears  to  have 
caught  many  of  his  ideas  from  The  Use  of  the 
Passions,  by  J.  F.  Senault :  for  instance,  the  fol- 
lowing fine  passage :  — 
"All  are  but  parts  of  one  stupendous  whole, 
Whose  body  Nature  is  and  God  the  soul : 
That,  changed  through  all,  and  yet  in  all  the  same; 
Great  in  the  earth,  as  in  the  etherial  frame ; 
Warms  in  the  sun,  refreshes  in  the  breeze, 
Glows  in  the  stars,  and  blossoms  in  the  trees, 
Lives  through  all  life,  extends  through  all  extent, 
Spreads  undivided,  operates  unspent, 
Breathes  in  our  soul,  informs  in  ever}'  part, 
As  full,  as  perfect,  in  a  hair  as  heart; 
As  full,  as  perfect  in  vile  Man  that  mourns, 
As  the  rapt  seraph  that  adores  and  burns ; 
To  Him,  no  high,  no  low,  no  great,  no  small ; 
He  fills,  He  bounds,  connects,  and  equals  all." 

We  find  the  germ  of  this  eloquence  in  Senault's 
first  treatise,  on  the  Nature  of  the  Passions,  in 
which  are  these  words  :  — 

"  Christian  Philosophy,  coming  even  to  the  original  of 
the  soul,  hath  made  us  know  what  effects  she  produceth 
in  the  body,  by  the  very  same  which  God  produceth  in 
world.  For  though  this  infinite  essence  depends  not 
upon  the  world  which  He  hath  created,  and  that  without 
increasing  His  might,  He  may  undo  His  own  workmanship, 
yet  is  He  shed  abroad  in  all  parts  thereof;  there  is  no 
intermedium  which  He  fills  not  up.  He  applies  himself  to 
all  creatures  in  their  operations,  and  without  dividing 
His  unity,  or  weakening  His  power;  He  gives  light  with 
the  sun,  He  burneth  with  the  fire,  He  refresheth  with  the 
water,  and  He  brings  forth  fruit  with  the  trees.  He  is  as 
great  on  earth  as  in  heaven,  though  His  effects  do 
differ;  His  power  is  alwaies  equal,  and  the  stars  which 
shine  above  our  heads  cost  Him  no  more  than  the  grass 
•which  we  tread  under  our  feet.  So  is  the  soul  disposed  in 
the  body,  and  penetrates  all  the  parts  thereof.  It  is  as 
noble  in  the  hand  as  in  the  heart,  and  though,  applying 
herself  to  the  dispositions  of  the  organs,  she  speaks  by  the 
mouth,  seeth  by  the  eyes,  and  heareth  by  the  ears,  yet  is 
she  but  one  spirit  in  her  essence;  and  in  her  differing 
functions  her  unity  is  not  divided,  nor  her  power  weak- 
ened." 


This  paragraph  is  from  the  Use  of  the  Passions 
written  in  French  by  J.  F.  Senault,  and  put  into 
English  by  Henry  Earle  of  Monmouth,  1 649. 

Probably  it  would  interest  many  of  your  readers 
if  some  one  of  your  erudite  correspondents  would 
obligingly  give  us  some  information  as  to  the  cir- 
cumstances under  which  this  translation  was  made 
by  the  said  Earl  of  Monmouth. 

Under  his  effigies  in  the  work  quoted  stands 
this  inscription :  "  HENRICUS  Dom.  GABY  Baro. 
de  Leppington,  Com.  de  MONMOUTH." 

G.  M.,  M.D. 


jtHtuor  $att$. 

THE  LATE  LORD  HATHERTON.  — In  "  N.  &  Q." 
(3rd  S.  iii.  366)  appeared  an  ingenious  and  well- 
merited  tribute  to  the  memory  of  Lord  Hatherton 
by  MR.  BUCKTON,  of  Lichfield.  It  is  hoped  that 
the  following  attempt  to  pourtray  the  character 
of  that  distinguished  nobleman  and  admirable 
man,  in  a  somewhat  severer"  style,  may  likewise 
be  allowed  to  find  a  permanent  record  in  the 
pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  It  is  from  the  pen  of  one 
who  was  honoured  with  Lord  Hatherton's  per- 
sonal acquaintance,  and  has  received  the  imprima- 
tur of  more  than  one  scholar  of  the  first  eminence 
among  his  Lordship's  most  intimate  friends  :  — 

"  Deposition 

Honoratissimi  EDVARDI  JOHANNIS 
BAKONIS  DK  HATHERTON, 

Nominis  primi, 
Per  annos  viginti  tres  e  Comitatu  Staffordiensi 

Ad  Regni  Comitia  legati ; 
Postea  Comitatus  ejusdem  per  annos  novem  Vicarii  Regii 

et  VICTORI/E  Regicse 
A  consiliis  secretioribus : 

Qui 
De  LITTLETONORUM  gente  perantiqua  et  perillustri 

Editus, 

prseclaram  originem 
propriis  virtutibus  exornavit : 

Vir 

Fidus,  integer,  strenuus, 
Mnneribus  domestic-is,  senatoriis,  et  civilibus  defungendis 

solers  aeque  et  indefessus; 

Paterno  erga  clientes  rusticos  animo ; 

Literarum  et  literatorum  fautor, 

Utpote  ipse 

Optimarum  artium  et  studiosus  et  sciens ; 
Hospitalitate  liberrima ; 

Colloquio 

Supra  modum  aftabili  et  festive, 

Ideoque  omnibus  omnium  ordinum  ac  partium 

Pariter  acceptus. 

Tandem 
Annis,  laboribus,  iniqua  valetudine 

Fractus, 

CHRISTI  meritis  in  solidum  confisus, 
Ex  hac  umbra  rerum 

In  lucem  migravit, 

iv.  Non.  Maii,  A.D.  M.DCCC.LXIII. 

^Etat.  LXXII." 

F.  K. 


3''d  S.  IV.  JULY  18,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


47 


PUNTSHMENT  OF  BEGGARS  AT  BATH,  IN  1739. 

The  Curiosities  of  Literature  constitute  a  book 
of  very  agreeable  reading.  A  legal  compilation 
scarcely  less  interesting  might  be  put  together, 
and  not  improperly  be  denominated  the  "  Curio- 
sities of  Legislation."  The  following  extract 
(slightly  abridged)  from  "  An  Act  for  Establish- 
ing and  well  Governing  an  Hospital  or  Infirmary 
in'the  City  of  Bath,"  bearing  the  date  of  1739,  may 
be  regarded  as  a  "  curiosity  "  in  these  days  of  gentle 
dealing  with  transgressors  of  a  much  worse  class 
than  beggars :  — 

"  Whereas,  several  loose,  idle,  and  disorderly  persons 
daily  resort  to  the  City  of  Bath,  and  remain  wandering 
and  begging  about  the  streets  and  other  places  of  the 
said  City,  and  the  suburbs  thereof,  under  pretence  of 
their  being  resident  at  the  Bath  for  the  benefit  of  the 
Mineral  or  Mec.icinal  Waters,  to  the  great  disturbances 
of  his  Majesty's  subjects  resorting  to  the  said  City,  be  it 
enacted,  that  the  Constables,  petty  Constables,  Tything- 
men,  and  other  Peace  Officers  of  the  said  City,  and  also 
the  Beadle,  or  Beadles  of  the  said  Hospital,  are  bereby 
empowered  and  required  to  seize  and  apprehend  all  such 
persons  who  shall  be  so  found  wandering,  begging,  or 
misbehaving  themselves,  and  them  to  carry  before  the 
Mayor,  or  some  Justice,  or  Justices  of  Peace  for  said 
City;  who  shall,  upon  the  oath  of  one  sufficient  wit- 
ness, or  upon  his  own  view,  commit  the  said  person  or 
persons  so  wandering  or  begging,  to  the  House  of  Cor- 
rection for  any  time  not  exceeding  the  space  of  Twelve 
Kalendur  Months,  and  to  be  kept  at  hard  labour,  and  re- 
ceive correction  as  loose,  idle,  and  disorderlie  persons." 

X.  A.  X. 

ME.  JOHN  COLLET. — A  portion  of  the  interest- 
ing volume,  compiled  by  Mr.  W.  J.  Thorns,  and 
published  in  1839  under  the  title  of  Anecdotes  and 
Traditions,  consists  of  the  Common-Place  Book  of 
a  Mr.  John  Collet ;  of  whom  Mr.  Thorns  could 
find  little  or  no  account.  I  see  in  a  list  of  adver- 
tisements, at  the  end  of  Captain  Edward  Panton's 
Speculum  Juventntis,  1671,  a  book  called  "Dr. 
Collet's  Daily  Devotions,  or  the  New  Christian's 
Morning  and  Evening  Sacrifice"  24mo,  price, 
bound,  Is.  4rf.  Possibly  this  Dr.  Collet  and  Mr. 
John  Collet,  the  author  of  the  Common-Place 
Book,  may  be  the  same  person. 

W.  CAHEW  HAZLITT. 

OXFORD  JEU  D'ESPRIT.  —  It.  is  now  some  years 
since  the  following  lines  were  circulated  in  MS. 
in  Oxford.  I  believe  that  they  have  never  yet 
been  put  into  print,  and  they  are  too  good  to  be 
lost.  They  refer  to  the  answers  given  at  a  Divi- 
nity examination  by  a  luckless  undergraduate :  — 

"  A  small  snob  of  Baliol  had  an  idea 
That  Joseph  was  loved  bv  his  Arimathea ; 
And,  coining  a  word  in  the  fashion  of  Gro'te, 
Said,  that  Herod  held  office  as  Scholekobrote." 

The  last  word,  of  course,  enshrined  his  ideas  of 
the  meaning  of  cKuX-n^&puros,  Acts  xii.  23. 

CTJTHBERT  BEDE. 


PHILOSOPHER'S  STONE. 

On  the  sale  of  the  pamphlets  of  the  late  Prin- 
cipal Lee  recently,  I  acquired  two  very  singular 
works  on  the  philosopher's  stone.  The  first  is  — 

"  Five  Treatises  of  the  Philosopher's  Stone.  Two  of  Al- 
phonso,  King  of  Portugall,  as  it  was  written  with  his  own 
hand,  and  taken  out  of  his  closset.  Translated  out  of  the 
Portuguez  into  English.  One  of  John  Sawtre,  a  Monke, 
translated  into  English.  Another  written  by  Florianus 
Kaudorff,  a  German  Philosopher,  and  translated  out  of 
the  same  language  into  English;  also  a  treatise  of  the 
names  of  the  Philosopher's  Stone,  by  William  Gratacolle, 
translated  into  English.  To  which  is  added  the  Smarag- 
dine  Table.  By  the  paines  and  care  of  H.  P.  London: 
Printed  by  Thomas  Harper,  and  are  to  be  sold  by  John 
Collins  in  Little  Britain,  near  the  Church  door,  1652." 

Who  was  H.  P.  ?  Could  it  be  Henry  Peacham, 
an  author  who  wrote  on  all  kinds  of  subjects  ? 
There  is  a  list  of  his  productions  in  Lowndes,  but 
neither  the  above  work  nor  the  one  next  noticed, 
are  mentioned  there  —  a  circumstance  indicating 
their  extreme  rarity.  Was  the  Alphonso,  King  of 
Portugal,  the  monarch  referred  to  in  the  Anti- 
quary as  Alphonso  King  of  Castile,  whose  maxim 
was  "  Old  wood  to  burn,  old  books  to  read,  old 
wine  to  drink,  and  old  friends  to  converse  with"  ? 

The  second  is  styled  — 

"Magnolia  Natures,  or  the  Truth  of  the  Philosopher's 
Stone  asserted.  Having  been  lateljr  expos'd  to  publick 
sight  and  sale.  Being  a  time  and  exact  Account  of  the 
manner  how  Wenceslaus  Seilerus,  the  late  famous  projec- 
tion maker  at  the  Emperour's  Court  at  Vienna,  came  by 
and  made  away  with  a  very  great  quantity  of  powder  of 
projection,  by  projecting  with  it  before  the  Kmperor,  and 
a  thousand  witnesses,  selling  it  &c.  for  some  years  past." 
It  is  represented  as  published  for  the  satisfaction  of  the 
curious,  and  "  especially  of  Mr.  Boyl.  By  one  who  was 
not  only  an  eye-witness  in  the  affair,  but  also  concern'd 
as  a  Commissioner  by  the  Emperor  for  the  Examen  of 
it.  London  :  printed  by  Tho.  Bawks,  his  Majesties  British 
Printer,  living  iu  Black  Fryars,  168t:,  4to." 

This  is  one  of  the  strangest  productions  I  ever 
recollect  perusing.  It  gives  most  minute  par- 
ticulars of  the  discovery  of  the  magic  powder 
which  converts  lead  and  tin  into  gold,  as  well  as  a 
singular  narrative  of  the  adventures  of  Wences- 
laus, who  is  left  in  possession  of  high  honours, 
and  who  is  positively  appealed  to  as  an  existing 
person  at  the  date  of  the  publication.  Could  it 
have  been  got  up  for  the  purpose  of  hoaxing  the 
Hon.  Mr.  Boyle  ?  J.  M. 


ANONYMOUS  :  — 

1.  Who  is  the  author  of  Selections  from  the  English 
Poets,  Shakspeare,  Pope,  Sec. :  rendered  into  Latin  verse? 
To  which  are  added,  the  remarkable  Adventures  of  Jack 
and  Gill.     Lewis,  1848,  4to.     (Privately  printed). 

2.  Who  is  author  of  Love's  Labour  Lost  Regained?    A 
continuation  of  Shakspeare's  plav.    By  C.  J.    London, 
1841.     8vo. 

3.  Who  is  the  author  of  Education  at.   Home,  or  a 


48 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  JULY  18,  '63. 


Father's  Instructions :  consisting  of  Miscellaneous  Pieces 
for  the  Instruction  and  Amusement  of  Young  Persons 
from  ten  to  twelve  years  of  age  ?  Published  by  Baldwin 
about  1824.  It  contains  two  little  dramas  "Cyrus" 
(2  Scenes),  and  Charles  II.  (4  Scenes),  and  other  miscel- 
lanies. 

4.  Who  is  author  of  The  Sister's  Gift,  1827? 

ZETA. 

A  small  12  mo  volume,  entitled  The  True  Impartial 
History  and  Wars  of  the  Kingdom  of  Ireland,  was  pub- 
lished anonymously  in  London,  in  the  year  J692.  By 
whom  was  it  written  ? 

ABHBA. 

BUNBURY'S  ENGRAVINGS  are  very  interesting. 
Two  of  them  in  particular  appear  very  note- 
worthy, and  suggest  queries.  First,  "Conver- 
sazione" (published  Feb.  11,  1782,  by  Dickinson, 
158,  New  Bond  Street) :  there  is  Dr.  Johnson 
making  a  grab  at  a  cup  of  tea ;  Bozzy,  full  to  the 
mouth  of  something  stronger  than  tea,  is  balanc- 
ing himself  on  the  edge  of  his  chair ;  Mrs.  Thrale, 
looking  into  her  cup  of  tea,  is  evidently  thinking 
of  something  clever  that  she  is  about  to  say. 
1782  is  the  year  Dr.  Johnson  left  Streatbam. 
What  is  its  history  ?  And  who  are  the  other 
figures  that  form  this  life-like  and  very  interest- 
ing interior  ?  Secondly,  "  The  Gardens  of  Carleton 
House,  with  Neapolitan  Ballad  Singers,"  designed 
May  18,  1784  (published  the  following  year  by 
Dickinson).  There  are  some  twenty  figures,  all 
of  them  evidently  most  characteristic  portraits. 
Can  you  help  to  give  them  names,  and  thus  make 
them  serve  to  illustrate  the  various  memoirs  of 
the  day  ?  The  then  fascinating  prince  stands  in 
the  foreground,  a  fair  lady  on  either  arm.  In 
shade,  and  in  the  background,  another  fair  dame 
is  gazing  intently  on  the  royal  youth ;  her  figure, 
and  the  peculiar  expression,  lead  to  the  not  im- 
probable supposition  that  she  has  loved,  not  wisely, 
but  too  well.  C. 

CHARRON,  "  DE  LA  SAGESSE." — It  is  known  that, 
between  1611  and  1658,  four  editions  were  printed 
of  a  translation  of  this  work  by  Sampson  Len- 
nard.  But,  at  the  end  of  Panton's  Speculum 
Juventutis,  1671,  I  find  an  English  translation  in 
4to,  advertised  for  sale  (6*.  bound).  Was  this 
a  later  edition  of  Lennard's  version,  or  a  new 
one  ?  The  name  of  the  translator  is  not  disclosed 
in  the  advertisement.  Stanhope's  Charron  did  not 
appear,  I  believe,  till  1697. 

W.  CAREW  HAZLTTT. 

THE  DOUGLAS  CAUSE. — Having  from  accidental 
circumstances  taken  much  interest  in  the  cele- 
brated old  "Douglas  Cause,"  of  the  pleadings  and 
proofs  in  which  I  have  a  tolerably  full  set,  I  am 
curious  to  learn  as  to  the  following  points,  on 
which  some  of  your  numerous  readers  may  per- 
haps supply  information:  — 

1.  Are  there  yet  in  Rheims  families  of  the 
names  Maillefer,  or  Andrieux  ? 


2.  Are  any  of  the  following  hotels  still  existing 
in  Paris,  viz.  The  Hotel  de  Chalons,  Rue  St. 
Martin ;  The  Hotel  Croix  de  Fer,  Rue  St.  Denis  ; 
or  The  Hotel  d'Anjou,  Rue  Serpente  ?  T. 

PLATING  "  GERMANDS."  —  By  an  entry  in  the 
Hall  Book  of  the  corporation  of  Leicester,  dated 
1495,  it  is  ordered  "  for  the  couTonwell  of  the  town, 
and  of  seche  guds  as  ys  yn  a  store  hows  in  the 
sett'  day  marcat  [Saturday  market],  y*  ys  to  say, 
wodde  tymber  and  vdyr  playyng  germands,  yf 
ther  be  ony,  her[e]  hys  chosyn  to  be  ou'sears 
[overseers]  therof."  Then  follow  the  names  of 
six  persons,  leading  men  of  the  town.  I  shall 
feel  greatly  obliged  by  information  as  to  the ; 
meaning  of  the  word  "  germands."  My  impres- 
sion is,  that  the  order  has  reference  to  the  early 
dramatic  performances;  as  it  follows  a  few  pages 
after  a  somewhat  similar  appointment  of  over-  . 
seers  to  have  the  guiding  and  rule  "  of  the  Passion 
Play."  Halliwell's  Archaic  Dictionary  gives  the 
word  "  German,  a  brother."  Can  it  be  used  in 
this  sense  ?  WILLIAM  KELLY. 

Leicester. 

MAJOR-GENERAL  HEANE. — There  was  a  Colonel 
or  Major- General  James  Heane,  whose  name  oc- 
curs in  military  annals  as  very  much  distinguish- 
ing himself  in  the  time  of  the  Civil  Wars,  as  con- 
nected with  Elizabeth  Castle,  in  Jersey.  I  have 
learned  that  he  afterwards  obtained  some  employ- 
ment in  the  parliamentary  service  in  America, 
wherein  he  died  within  a  very  short  period.  I  am 
desirous  of  knowing  in  what  part  of  the  Western 
Continent  he  served,  the  nature  of  that  service, 
and  the  time  and  circumstances  of  his  death. 

O.  O. 

HOPTON  FAMILY.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
give  me  information  as  to  any  existing  families,  _, 
directly  or  remotely  connected  with  the  Hopton 
family  ?   The  last  of  the  name  being  Lord  Hopton 
of  Stratton,  in  Cornwall,  temp,  Charles  II.         F. 

JAMAICA.  —  I  should  be  greatly  obliged  if  any 
correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q."  will  kindly  refer  me 
to  any  works  bearing  on  the  history  of  this  island 
during  the  first  quarter  of  the  present  century. 
I  am  more  particularly  desirous  of  meeting  with  a 
list  of  the  names  of  the  planters  of  that  period, 
and  also  any  charts  and  maps  which  may  give  the 
names  of  their  several  estates.  J.  DILLON. 

EPITAPH  ON  JOHN  A'COMBE. — The  well-known 
epitaph,  said  to  be  written  by  Shakspeare  upon 
his  friend  John  a'Combe  (commencing  "  Ten  in  a 
hundred")  has  now  received  the  corroborative  evi- 
dence of  Combe's  being  a,  usurer.  A  literary 
friend  the  other  day  imaginatively  suggested  to  me 
the  possibility  of  its  being  a  play  upon  the  initials 
IO.  C.,  or  ten  and  a  hundred.  Have  any  of  the 
recent  commentators  elucidated  the  subject? 

0.0. 


3**  S.  IV.  JULY  18,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


49 


CAPTAIN  THOMAS  KERHIDGE. — This  person  was 
engaged  in  the  Great  Mogul's  country  early  in 
the  reign  of  King  Charles  I.,  in  settling  the  East 
Indian  trade,  and  rendered  good  service  in  the 
matter.  If  any  of  your  correspondents  know  any- 
thing concerning  Capt.  Kerridge  as  to  his  career, 
his  parentage,  or  time  of  death,  the  information 
will  oblige.  He  was  supposed  to  have  resided  at 
Shelley,  in  the  county  of  Suffolk.  S.  E.  G. 

LOCKWOOD,  EDWARD  VI.'s  JESTER.  — In  the 
chamberlain's  accounts  of  this  borough,  entries 
occur  in  the  reign  of  Edward  VI.  like  the  follow- 
ing, in  ]  549 :  "  Paid  to  Lockwood,  the  Kyng's 
Jester,  iij1  iiijd."  And  similar  payments  were 
made  to  him  during  the  reign  of  Mary,  and  part 
of  the  reign  of  Elizabeth. 

I  do  not  find  this  name  in  Dr.  Doran's  Court 
Fools,  or  in  the  works  of  Dance  and  others  treat- 
ing directly  on  the  subject.  Are  any  particulars 
known  respecting  him  ?  WILLIAM  KELLY. 

"  MILLER  OF  THE  DEE." — Can  any  one  inform 
me  as  to  the  origin  and  locale  of  the  popular  song, 
"The  Miller  of  the  Dee,"  containing  the  well- 
known  refrain  : 

"  I  care  for  nobody,  no  not  I, 
If  nobody  cares  for  me"? 

A  lecture  was  lately  delivered  in  this  city  on 
its  local  legends,  and  the  lecturer  claimed  the 
song  as  relating  to  Chester  ;  basing  his  arguments 
for  so  doing  partly  on  the  great  antiquity  of  the 
Dee  mills,  and  partly  on  the  absence  of  provin- 
cialisms referring  it  to  any  other  place.  Pre- 
viously I  had  always  understood  that  it  related  to 
one  of  the  Scotch  Dees — an  impression  that  most 
of  the  antiquaries  hereabouts  retain.  T.  N.  B. 

Chester. 

"THE  NONSUCH  PROFESSOR."  —  Could  any  of 
my  fellow  readers  tell  me  anything  about  the 
author  of  this  quaint  book?  He  flourished  in 
London  during  the  Protectorate,  and  after  the 
Restoration.  He  was,  I  should  imagine,  a  royalist. 
He  must  not  be  confounded  with  the  celebrated 
Archbishop  Seeker,  born  1693,  died  1768,  the 
learned  and  excellent  prelate  who  succeeded  the 
antiquarian  Potter,  in  the  archbishopric  of  Can- 
terbury ;  who  refuted  Bolingbroke,  and  defended 
Butler.  All  I  know  of  the  author  of  The  Non- 
such Professor,  is  the  following :  — 

"William  Seeker,  preacher  of  the  Gospel,  published  two 
works :  « A  Wedding  Ring,  a  sermon  preached  at  a  wedding 
i  Edmonton  (or,  as  a  title-page  a  few  years  later  has  it, 
St.  Edmond's),  1658 :  Printed  for  Thomas  Parkhurst  at  the 
Three  Crowns.'     Also,  '  The  Nonstick  Professor  in  his  Me- 
ridian Splendor,  laid  open  in  Seaven  Sermons  at  Allhallows 
Church-m-the-wall,  London :    Printed  by  M.  S.  for  Th. 
Parkhurst,  to  be  sold  at  his  shop  at  the  Three  Crowns, 
&c.,  1660.'     The  latter  is  dedicated   to  the  Honourable 
and  truly  Noble  Patriots,  Sir  Edward  Barkham,  Knight 

1  Baronet,  and  his  religious  Consort  Dame  Francis  (sic) 
Barkham  of  Tottenham,  in'the  county  of  Middlesex." 

REDIGER. 


PETER'S  PENCE.  —  Can  any  one  inform  me  in 
what  countries  "  Peter's  Pence "  has  ever  been 
collected?  or  name  a  work  in  which  the  required 
information  may  be  obtained. 

JNO.  H.  BARNARD. 

QUOTATION. — Where  shall  I  find  the  line  : 
"  And  know  the  misery  of  a  granted  prayer  "  ? 

I  am  acquainted  with  the  passage  in  the  first 
satire  of  Horace,  those  in  the  tenth  satire  of 
Juvenal,  and  the  lines  in  Antony  and  Cleopatra : 

"  We,  ignorant  of  ourselves, 
Beg  often  our  own  harms,  which  the  wise  powers 
Deny  us  for  our  good :  so  find  we  profit 
By  losing  of  our  prayers." — Act  II.  Sc.  1. 

The  line  I  seek  seems  to  have  a  fuller  meaning 
than  any  of  the  above,  except  perhaps  one  line  of 
Juvenal.  J.  H.  S. 

"  A  lie  which  is  all  a  lie 

Can  be  met,  and  fought  with  outright ; 
But  a  lie  which  is  half  a  lie 
Is  a  harder  matter  to  fight." 

I  shall  be  greatly  obliged  if  any  correspondent 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  will  tell  me  the  author  of  the  above 
lines,  and  direct  me  where  to  find  the  remainder 
of  the  verses  ?  There  are,  I  believe,  some  ten  or 
twelve,  equally  quaint  and  true.  E.  J.  D. 

MASTER  RICHARD  (RYDER)  OP  LEICESTER. — 
Leland  states  that,  when  in  Leicester  — 

"  In  this  chirche  of  S*  Marie  extra  Castrum  I  saw  the 
tumbe  in  marble  of  Thomas  Rider,  father  to  the  master 
Richard  of  Leicester.  This  Richard  I  take  to  be  the 
same  that  yn  those  dayes,  as  it  apperith  by  his  workes, 
was  a  greate  clerk." 

Nichols  (Hist  Leicester,  vol.  i.  part  ii.  p.  314, 
note)  says,  that  he  was  presented  by  the  abbot 
and  convent  of  St.  Mary  de  Pratis,  in  1291,  to 
the  rectory  of  Eydon,  in  Northamptonshire,  which 
he  held  till  1316  ;  and  that  fruitless  has  been  the 
research  in  Dupin  for  an  account  of  Richard  de 
Leicester's  literary  abilities. 

Nichols  adds  that  — 

"  Tanner,  in  Bibl.  Sjitan.  (p.  626),  has  noticed  only  a 
single  MS.  penned  by  this  learned  clerk;  and  might  not 
this  MS.,  even  though  the  title  of  it  be  Articles  of  the 
Creed,  be  principally  calculated  for  the  meridian  of  Lei- 
cester ?  Might  it  not  (he  adds)  have  some  reference  to 
the  procession  [representing  the  Apostles  and  others]  on 
Whit  Monday,  from  the  church  of  St.  Mary  de  Castro  to 
that  of  St.  Margaret  ?  — '  Scripsit  de  Articulorum  Sym- 
boli  distributione  secundum  numerum  Apostolorum.'  Could 
this  MS.  be  examined,  there  might  be  found  in  it  some 
particulars  illustrative  of  this  solemn  procession.  Ac- 
cording to  Tanner,  this  MS.  was  in  Sion  Library." 

I  am  very  desirous,  for  a  particular  purpose,  to 
obtain  early  information  on  this  point ;  and  shall 
feel  grateful  to  any  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q.," 
who  may  know  the  present  place  of  deposit  of  this 
MS.  and  have  access  to  it,  if  he  will  kindly  inform 
me  either  personally,  or  through  the  medium  of 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  whether  the  surmise  of  Mr.  Nichols 


50 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  JULY  18,  '63. 


is  correct?  In  the  year  1851  I  sought  inform- 
ation in  these  columns  (I1*  S.  Hi.  352)  respecting 
the  churchwarden's  accounts  of  the  above  church, 
which  had  by  some  means  been  sold  by  auction 
in  London  some  twenty  years  before,  but  unfor- 
tunately without  success.  WILLIAM  KELLT. 
Leicester. 

SKYRING  ARMS  OR  PEDIGREE.  —  I  shall  be 
obliged  to  any  of  your  readers  who  will  give  me 
any  information  as  to  the  family  of  this  name.  I 
cannot  go  further  back  than  W.  G.  Skyring,  an 
officer  of  the  army  about  a  century  since,  but  I 
believe  he  came  from  Lancashire  or  Westmore- 
land. G.  W.  SKYRING. 
Admiralty,  Somerset  House. 

SPAIN  :  MOSQUE  OF  CORDOVA.  —  On  entering 
we  turned  to  our  left,  and  were  conducted  to  a 
black  marble  pillar.  On  it  was  scratched  a  cruci- 
fixion, and  above  it  the  following  inscription,  as 
far  as  I  could  read  it :  — 

"  Este  Esels  TO  Christo  (A 
Hizoelo  A7  Tibocon  La  Vua." 

Murray,  in  his  Hand-Book  edition,  1847,  p.  77, 
route  9,  mentions  only  part  of  the  above  inscrip- 
tion. 

Theophile  Gautier,  in  his  Wanderings  in  Spain, 
edition  1853,  p.  254,  also  slightly  mentions  it. 
Another  pillar  near  has  also  a  crucifixion  scratched 
on  it,  and  an  iron  staple  in  it. 

Another  pillar  near  had  many  scars  and  deep 
narrow  incisions  on  it.  Near  to  these  three  pillars 
is  a  tablet  fixed  into  the  wall.  On  it  is  repre- 
sented a  kneeling  figure  of  a  man,  with  his  legs 
chained  together,  and  his  cap  on  the  ground. 

Can  any  one  give  any  information  regarding 
these  four  queries  ?  C.  M. 

ST.  STEPHEN'S  CHURCH,  WALRROOK. — 
"When  Richard,  Earl  of  Burlington,  celebrated  for  his 
architectural  skill  and  taste,  was  in  Italy,  among  the 
many  beautiful  churches  which  he  visited  in  that  country 
was  one  which  had  been  built  on  the  model  of  St.  Ste- 
phen's, Walbrook.  On  expressing  himself  loudly  in  its 
praise,  his  vanity  as  an  architect  must  have  been  some- 
what piqued,  when  he  was  informed  that  he  had  left  the 
original  behind  him  in  his  own  country.  On  his  return 
to  England,  his  first  step,  on  alighting  from  his  carriage 
at  Burlington  House,  is  said  to  have  been  a  pilgrimage 
to  St.  Stephen's,  Walbrook,  a  church  of  which,  previous 
to  his  foreign  travel,  he  had  probably  never  even  heard 
the  name."  —  Jesse,  London  and  its  Celebrities,  second 
series,  8vo,  London,  1850,  i.  254. 

To  what  church  in  Italy  does  this  paragraph 
refer?  W.  P. 

INSCRIPTION  AT  TRUJILLO. — When  at  Trujillo 
in  Spain  I  saw  a  shield  fixed  on  the  wall  of  a 
ruined  church,  around  which  was  the  following 
inscription,  as  far  as  I  could  read  it :  — 

"  SLACIS  TERRA  MA  sino  SABER  EL  ARCADIA  NO 
DECON  F  or  E." 

Can  any  one  inform  me  of  its  meaning  ?  C.  M. 


"  A  HELPE  TO  DISCOURSE."  —  A  short  time  ago 
I  purchased  a  copy  of — 

"A  Helpe  to  Discourse:  or  more  Merriment  mixt  with 
serious  Matters;  Consisting  of  Witty,  Philosophical!, 
Grammatical!,  &c.  Questions  and  Answers,  as  also  Epi- 
grams, Epitaphs,  &c.  Together  with  the  Countreyman's 
Counsellor,  &c.  13th  ed.  1640." 

It  has  the  autograph  of  one  Robert  Holden,  and 
this  note  :  — 

"  This  booke  was  given  me  by  a  Portugese  priest,  who 
lived  at  a  hermitage  called  ye  Calvarie  neare  ye  Citty  of 
Tavira,  in  Algarie  in  Portugal." 

Will  some  correspondent  tell  me  whether  it  is 
of  any  value  or  rarity.  G.  W.  M. 

[This  must  have  been  a  popular  work  to  have  passed 
through  thirteen  editions  between  1619  and  1640.  W.  B. 
the  editor  is  supposed  by  Malone  to  be  William  Basse ; 
but  in  the  copy  from  DrI  Bliss's  library  (edit.  1628)  the 
name  of  William  Baldwyn  is  added  with  a  query.  (See 
also  Bohn's  Lowndes,  p.  650.)  About  thirty  years  ago 
Thorpe  offered  copies  for  seven  or  eight  shillings.  Who 
was  the  other  editor,  E.  P.  Philomathem.  ?  A  MS.  note 
in  a  copy  before  us  says  Edward  Phillips,  but  this  is  very 
doubtful.] 

DOGS. — Will  you  kindly  oblige  me  by  informa- 
tion as  to  where  can  be  found  this  quotation  ?  — 

"  With  eyes  upraised  his  master's  looks  to  scan, 
The  stay,  the  solace,  and  the  friend  of  man ; 
The  rich  man's  guardian,  and  the  poor  man's  friend, 
The  only  being  faithful  to  the  end." 

Also,  in  what  letter  of  Pope's  he  said,  that  "  His- 
tory was  more  full  of  examples  of  the  fidelity  of 
dogs  than  of  friends  "  ?  G.  R.  JESSE. 

33,  Kildare  Terrace,  Bayswater,  "W. 

[The  second  quotation  occurs  in  Pope's  Works,  "Letters 
to  and  from  H.  Cromwell,  Esq."  (Letter  x.  Oct.  9,  1709.) 
"Histories,"  he  says,  "are  more  full  of  examples  of  the 
fidelity  of  dogs  than  of  friends,  but  I  will  not  insist  upon 
many  of  them,  because  it  is  possible  some  may  be  almost  as 
fabulous  as  those  of  Pylades  and  Orestes,  &c.  I  will  only 
say  for  the  honour  of  dogs,  that  the  two  most  ancient 
and  esteemable  books,  sacred  and  prophane,  extant  (viz. 
the  Scripture  and  Homer)  have  shown  a  particular  re- 
gard to  these  animals."  The  authorship  of  the  poetical 
lines  remains  a  query.] 

BRYNDLEY  or  WISTASTON,  ETC.  —  What  were 
the  arms  and  quarterings  of  Bryndley  of  Wistas- 
ton,  co.  Chester  ?  Sims  refers  to  Harl.  MS.  1535. 
Also,  the  arms  of  Wyrrall,  or  Warrall,  of  Wyrrall, 
co.  Chester?  They  are  given  in  Harl.  MS.  2187. 

H.  S.  G. 

[Bryndlcy :  Party  per  pale  or  and  sable,  a  chevron  be- 
tween three  escallops,  all  counter-changed. Wyrrall: 

Azure,  three  fleurs-de-lis  argent,  a  bordure  of  the  second.] 


3"»  S.  IV.  JULY  18,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


51 


ON  THE  DERIVATION  OF  THE  WORD 
THEODOLITE. 

(1st  S.  iV.  383,457 ;  2nd  S.  i.  73, 122,  201 ;  ii.  379; 

v.  466;  Phil.  Mag.  Apr.  1846,  Feb.  or  March, 

1850.) 

I  have  waited  until  all  suggestion  seems  to  be 
over,  and  shall  now  renew  an  account  which  I 
gave  in  the  Philosophical  Magazine  for  1846. 
This  I  have  no  doubt  contains  the  true  source  of 
the  word ;  and  I  have  found  it  to  be  satisfactory 
to  many  who  are  used  to  the  study  of  etymology 
and  the  changes  of  language.  I  shall  first  enu- 
merate the  attempts  which  have  been  made.  Re- 
member that  the  word  is  certainly  of  English 
formation,  as  foreign  writers  tell  us. 

1.  ©e'a,  prospect,  STjA.(5co,  make  visible.     The  pro- 
poser properly  says  that  this  should  give  theade- 
lote.     But  to  this  derivation  and  others  it  must  be 
objected  that  they  all  suppose  a  telescope  to  be  an 
essential  part  of  a  theodelite,  to  use  the  old  spel- 
ling.    Now   the  telescope  was  not  invented  till 
long  after  the  word,  and  as  late  as  1726,  Stone 
(Math.   Diet.)    says   the   instrument   was   (only) 
sometimes  furnished  with  a  telescope.      The  old 
theodelite  had  a  bar,  with  two  little  pinhole  sights 
upon  it;  no  very  good  way  of  commanding  a  pro- 
spect. 

2.  ©eciojucu,   see,   SJxos,  -stratagem,   an   old   and 
favourite  derivation.      The  instrument  no  great 
help  to  a  policeman,  for  reason  given.     Besides, 
what  mathematician   ever  confounded   the  mea- 
surement of  an   angle  with   the  detection   of  a 
stratagem  ?     1  only  remember  one  case  in  which 
the  two  things  come  together.     Horace,  in  the 
ninth  proposition  of  his  first  book,  connects  them 
as  follows :  — 

"  Nunc  et  latentis  proditor  intimo 
Gratus  puellae  risus  ab  angulo, 
Pignusque  dereptum  lacertis, 
Aut  digito  male  pertinaci." 

But  though  the  proposition  ends  here,  Horace 
does  not  annex  Q.  E.  D.  And  if  any  one  should 
charge  the  old  mathematicians  with  being  spoil- 
sports, enough  to  suggest  such  an  addition,  and 
turn  a  telescope  upon  the  process,  I  can  only  say, 
Non  ego  credulus. 

3.  ®f<io/j.cu,  see,  eTStoAov,  figure.     Never  used  for 
this  purpose. 

4.  ©eciojucu,  see,  So\jx«5s,  long.     The  instrument 
never  a  seer  of  lengths.     Nothing  better  known 
to  a  mathematician  than  that  no  measurement  of 
angles  alone  will  determine  a  length. 

5.  Qedo/ui.ai,  see,  SrjAos,  manifest,  fruy,  circumfer- 
ence.    The  ladies  did  not   wear  hoops  till  long 
after. 

6.  Take  o&(\6s,  and  transmute  it  into  the  JEolic 

;  accordingly,  odelited  is  graduated.      Let 


0e  be  redundant,  —  that  venerable  contrivance  for 
getting  rid  of  difficult  syllables,  —  if  not  connected 

with  8ea.ofj.at. 

The  word  appeared,  for  the  first  time  yet  re- 
corded, in  1571,  in  the  Pantometria  of  Thomas 
Dirges.  It  is  the  "instrument  called  Theodeli- 
tus,"  and  consists  of  a  graduated  circle,  with  a 
diametral  bar,  furnished  with  a  couple  of  sights. 
This  bar  always  had  the  name  of  alhidada,  or  ali- 
dada,  from  the  Arabic :  the  word  is  naturalised  in 
French ;  see  the  Academy's  Dictionary,  alidade. 
In  1611,  Hopton,  in  his  Topographicall  Glasse,  de- 
fines the  Theodelitus  as  "  an  instrument  consisting 
of  a  Planisphere  and  an  Alhidada" 

Now  theodelitus  has  the  appearance  of  being  a 
participle  or  adjective ;  and  may  therefore  seem 
to  refer  to  the  circle  as  descriptive  of  an  adjunct. 
A  circle  with  an  alidade :  could  it  be  possible  that, 
in  the  confused  method  of  forming  and  spelling 
words  which  characterised  the  vernacular  Eng- 
lish science  of  the  sixteenth  century,  an  alidated 
circle  should  become  theodelited  ?  I  never  should 
have  believed  this,  if  I  had  not  found  an  interme- 
diate form,  which  suggested  the  connexion. 

William  Bourne,  in  his  Treasure  for  Travail- 
ers,  1578,  describes  the  use  of  the  circle  furnished 
with  an  alidade  ;  or,  as  his  wood  engraver  spells 
it,  alideday.  But  Bourne  himself  calls  the  alidade 
an  athelida  throughout  the  book ;  except  only  in 
the  page  which  contains  the  engraving,  in  which 
he  follows  the  engraver.  I  take  this  form,  athe- 
lida, to  be  one  part  of  the  chain  of  confusion  by 
which  what  should  have  been  alidated  became 
theodelited.  If  any  one  should  conjecture,  or  think 
it  possible,  that  in  that  day  of  rude  word-building, 
the  last  who  had  it  on  the  anvil  helped  the  spelling 
a  little  towards  the  look  of  derivation  from  &e<Jy, 
God,  Srj\os,  manifest,  I  will  not  oppose  him.  But 
no  such  fancy  is  to  be  positively  imputed  as 
reasonably  likely.  I  am,  of  course,  aware  that 
Bourne  comes  after  Digges  in  time :  but  I  am  not 
prepared  to  conclude  that  either  was  the  first  who 
used  his  word.  In  fact,  Digges,  as  we  see,  dis- 
claims invention  in  his  "  instrument  called  Theo- 
delitus." 

This  theodelite,  whether  Digges's  or  Hopton's, 
was  in  fact  the  thing  well  known  as  the  astrolabe ; 
and  this  is  the  name  Bourne  gives  it.  The  astro- 
labe seems  to  have  become  a  theodelite  when  it 
became  a  terrestrial  instrument. 

Further  research  may  throw  more  light  on  the 
question.  But  to  me  it  seems  far  more  probable 
that  the  above  derivation  is  the  true  one,  than 
that  recourse  should  have  been  had  to  Greek.  I 
know  of  no  contemporary  of  the  word  theodelite 
who  formed  words  from  Greek  except  John  Dee, 
who  did  it  plentifully  in  his  preface  to  Billingsley's 
Euclid  (1570). 

1  am  afraid  there  is  no  use  in  searching  the  works 
of  R.  Recorde,  whom  one  might  suppose  likely 


52 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"1  S.  IV.  JULY  18,  '63. 


to  have  had  a  hand  in  the  job.  He  refers  all  mat- 
ters connected  with  instruments  to  his  Gate  of 
Knowledge,  which  is  enumerated  among  his  works, 
but  either  was  not  printed,  or  else  is  entirely  lost. 
In  our  day  it  is  essential  to  a  theodelite  to  have 
both  a  horizontal  circle  and  a  vertical  semicircle 
for  taking  altitudes.  Digges,  Bourne,  and  Hopton 
had  but  one  circle,  which  they  made  horizontal  or 
vertical  at  pleasure.  The  first  I  can  find  who 
described  horizontal  and  vertical  graduation  in 
one  instrument  is  Aaron  Rathborne,  in  his  Sur- 
veyor, folio,  1616.  This  work  was  dedicated  to 
Charles,  Prince  of  Wales,  whose  portrait  —  as- 
suredly not  by  Vandyke — has  the  following  verses 
under  it :  — 

"  To  whome  greate  Prince  can  els  this  work  be  due 
Then  you,  nowe  plac'd  where  All  is  in  yor  view  ? 
And,  being  the  rule  of  what  the  people  doo, 
Are  both  the  Scale,  and  the  Surveyor  too." 

If  Rathborne  had  published  about  forty  years 
later,  instead  of  addressing  this  nonsense  to  a  boy 
of  sixteen,  he  would  perhaps  have  thought  it  as 
pretty  a  conceit  to  say  that  the  people  had  sur- 
veyed their  king  by  their  own  scale,  and  found 
him  too  tall  by  a  head.  He  was  more  fortunate 
about  logarithms,  which  appeared  while  he  was 
writing.  He  is  one  of  the  first  who  pronounced 
upon  Napier,  of  whom  he  says  that  his  "  name 
and  honour  will  never  out."  A.  DE  MORGAN. 


BELL  LITERATURE. 
(1st  .S.  ix.  241;  xi.  32.) 

I  wish  to  correct  an  error  in  my  list  of  books 
on  bells  and  campanology,  and  to  add  a  few  more. 

In  1668  there  was  a  little  book,  printed  in 
"  London  for  Fabian  Stedman,"  called  Tintinna- 
logia,  or,  the  Art  of  Singing,  "  by  a  Lover  of  the 
Art."  The  licence  of  Roger  L'Estrange  is  dated 
Nov.  1,  1667,  and  I  find  that  it  was  registered  at 
Stationers'  Hall  Feb.  8,  1667,  by  Fabyan  Sted- 
man. So  there  can  be  no  doubt  about  the  author. 
This  is  the  book  so  highly  spoken  of  by  Dr.  Bur- 
ney,  in  his  History  of  Music,  vol.  iii.  413  ;  and  not 
Tintinnalogia,  by  j.  White  (published  without 
date),  as  was  formerly  supposed.  It  is  the  earliest 
book  yet  known  ;  it  is  dedicated  to  the  Society  of 
College  Youths,  and  contains  the  original  peal  of 
Grandsire  Bob  by  R.  R. 

The  author  (who  calls  himself  Campanistd)  says 
that  "  fifty  or  sixty  years  last  past,  changes  were 
not  known,  or  thought  possible  to  be  rang."  And 
that  "  Walking  changes,  and  whole-pull  changes, 
were  altogether  practised  in  former  times  ;"  "but 
of  late,  a  more  quick  and  ready  way  is  practised, 
called  '  half- pulls:'  so  that  now,  in  London,  it  is 
a  common  thing  to  ring  720  triples  and  doubles, 
and  Grandsire  Bob  in  half  an  hour," 


This  account  is  the  more  interesting,  as  it  car- 
ries us  back  to  the  beginning  of  change-ringing 
as  now  practised. 

In  1677,  Campanalogia,  or,  Art  of  Ringing  im- 
proved, was  published  by  F.  S. ;  and  this  is  clearly 
Stedman's  second  edition  of  the  book,  printed  for 
him  in  1668.  The  first  name  of  the  title  is  altered, 
but  the  second  name  is  continued ;  afterwards, 
several  other  editions  were  published  under  the 
same  name,  as  appears  in  my  first  list. 

One  would  like  to  find  out  who  was  R.  R.,  the 
author  of  Grandsire  Bob,  as  stated  above.  The 
initials  may  be  those  of  one  Richard  Rock,  who 
was  a  ringer  in  1632;  in  which  year  he  was  ad- 
mitted a  member  of  the  "  Schollars  of  Cheapeside," 
a  ringing  society  founded  in  1603,  and  which  con- 
tinued till  1634:  three  years  after  which,  the 
Society  of  College  Youths  was  established,  to 
which  Stedman  dedicates  his  book. 

I  take  this  opportunity  of  adding  other  books 
and  tractates  on  the  same  subject :  — 

Nuestra  Senora  del  Puche,  Camera  Angelica  de  Maria 
Santissima. 

Launay  der  Glockengiesser.    Leipsic,  1834. 

Corblet,  Note  sur  une  Cloche  fondue  par  Morel  de 
Lyon.  Paris,  1859. 

Heinrich  Otte,  Glockenkunde.    Leipsic,  1858. 

Durandus  de  Ritibus  Ecclesise, 

Herrera,  P.  A.  Del  Origen  y  Progresso  del  Officio 
divino. 

Guac.  F.  Mar.  de  Sonitu  Campanarum. 

Sim.  Maiol  de  Colloq. 

Paul  Griland  de  Sortileg. 

Pol.  Virgil,  de  Invent.  Rerum. 

Macri,  Hierolexicon.    Rome,  1677,  verbo  Campana. 

Sallengre,  Novus  Thesaurus  Antiquit.     1735. 

Pygius  (Al.),  de  PulsationeCarapanarum  pro  defunctis. 

Theophilus,  translated  by  Hendric,  1847.  [In  85th 
chapter  he  minutely  describes  the  founding  of  bells.  He 
wrote  circa  1200.] 

D'Arcet  (J.),  Instructions  sur  PArt  de  Me'tal  des  Cloches. 
Paris,  1794. 

Roujon,  Traite  des  Harmoniques  et  de  la  Fonte  des 
Cloches.  Paris,  1765. 

Secquet  (J.  M.),  Observations  sur  le  Me'tal  des  Cloches. 
Paris,  1801. 

Vorhandlung  des  Vereins  des  Gewerbfleisses.  Berlin, 
1843,  Sept.  and  Oct. 

Handbuch  zur  Berechnung  der  Baukosten,  by  F.  Triest. 
12th  Part.  Berlin,  1827. 

Tansur's  Elements  of  Music.  1772.  [Chap.  x.  on 
Changes,  Chimes,  and  Tuning  Bells.] 

Hone's  Every  Day  and  Year  Book. 

Ludham  on  Bell  Founding,  in  Encyc.  Edinburgh. 

Lamberts,  Noble  Recreation  of  Ringing,  in  his  Coun- 
tryman's Treasure. 

Feilleri  (J.),  Turden  Clocke.     Leipsic. 

Emdenii  (J.),  Clocken,  New.    1634. 

Spiers  (R.  P.),  Mainrad.  Tractatus  Musicus  Composi- 
toris  practicus.  Auxburgh,  1746. 

Delfelde,  Dissertatio  de  Origine  et  Nomine  Campana- 
rum. Jena,  1685. 

Irenius  Montanus  Hist.     Shemniz,  1726. 

Drabicius  de  Caelo  et  Cffilesti  Statu.     Metz,  1618. 

This  superstitious  enthusiast  fills  428  pages,  to 
prove  that  one  of  the  employments  of  the  blessed 


3*d  S.  IV.  JULY  18,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


53 


in  heaven  will  be  the  constant  ringing  of  bells ! 
Where  is  there  a  copy  ?  It  is  not  in  the  Bod- 
leian nor  British  Museum ;  nor  is  it  at  Cambridge, 
Dublin,  Manchester,  or  Paris. 

The  Brassfounder's  Manual.     London,  1829. 

Powell's  Touches  of  Stedman's  Triples.  Folio.  Dedi- 
cated to  the  College  and  Cumberland  Youths.  1828. 

Allen's  Lambeth,  1826,  has  a  good  article,  with  re- 
ferences to  many  authors. 

Quarterly  Review,  article  "Church  Bells."   Sep.  1854. 

Several  Peals  on  Bells,  in  "Penny  Post,"  1856-7. 

Changes ;  Literary,  Pictorial,  and  Musical :  by  W.  F. 
Stephenson.  Ripon,  1857. 

Denison  on  Bells  and  Clocks,  in  his  Lectures  on  Church 
Buildings.  1856. 

Many  Papers  on  Bells  in  the  "Musical  Gazette"  and 
" Proceedings  of  the  Institute  of  British  Architects;" 
1856-7,  "  The  Ecclesiologist,"  and  other  periodicals. 

Baker  on  the  Great  Bell  at  Westminster.    1857. 

Batty  on  Church  Bells.     Aylesbury,  1858. 

Brown's  Law  of  Church  Bells.     1867. 

History  and  Antiquity  of  Bells.     1856. 

Lukis's  Account  of  Church  Bells.     1857. 

Words  to  Churchwardens.     1858. 

Words  to  Rural  Deans.     1858. 

Church  Bells  and  Ringing,  by  W.  T.  Maunsell,  M.A., 
1861. 

Suggestions  on  the  Devotional  Use  of  the  Curfew,  1860. 

Ellacombe's  Practical  Remarks  and  Appendix  on 
Chiming.  1859. 

Sermon  on  the  Bells  of  the  Church,  1862. 

Dean  Ramsay's  Letter  to  the  Lord  Provost  of  Edin- 
burgh, on  the  Expediency  of  providing  the  City  with  an 
efficient  Peal  of  Bells.  1863. 

In  poetry :  — 

Dixon's  Songs  of  the  Bells.    1852. 
Matin  Bells  and  Curfew.    1852. 
Bells  of  St.  Barnabas.    1851. 

Our  Sweet  Bells ;  a  Song  for  Bell  Ringers :  by  Hony. 
(Novello.) 

H.  T.  ELLACOMBE,  M.A. 
Kectory,  Clyst  St.  George,  Devon. 


MARC  DE  VULSON:  LUCRETIA  MARIA 
DAVIDSON. 

(3rd  S.  iii.  492.) 

Je  me  permets  encore  de  repondre  &  la  ques- 
tion de  M.  T.  H.  LAURENCE.  Marc  de  Vulson 
ou  Wlson,  sieur  de  la  Coloinbiere,  est  le  veri- 
table createur  de  la  science  du  blason,  et  naquit 
vers  la  fin  du  seizieme  siecle,  dans  le  Dauphine, 
d'une  famille  protestante,  originaire  d'Ecosse. 
II  etait  fils  du  Marc  Vulson,  conseiller  a  la  cham- 
bre  de  1'Edit  de  Grenoble,  auteur  de  quelques 
ouvrages  de  droit,  et  avec  lequel  on  1'a  souvent 
confondu.  Vulson,  dans  sa  jeunesse,  dut  em- 
brasser  la  profession  des  armes,  seule  carriere 
ouverte,  &  cette  epoque,  aux  aines  des  families 
nobles.  Ce  qui  est  plus  certain,  c'est  qu'il  avait 
epouse  une  femme  jolie  et  coquette.  L'ayant 
surprise  en  adultere,  il  per$a  les  deux  amants  de 


son  epee,  et  courut  se  jeter  aux  pieds  du  roi,  dont 
il  obtint  sa  grace.  C'est  de  la  qu'on  menayait  les 
femmes  coquettes  de  la  Vulsonade,  Apres  un  tel 
evenement,  le  sejour  de  Grenoble  lui  devint  in- 
supportable. II  s'etablit  a  Paris,  ou  il  se  livra 
tout  entier  aux  recherches  historiques.  II  acquit 
une  charge  de  Gentilhomme  ordinaire  de  la  Chara- 
bre,  fat  cree  chevalier  de  St.-Michel,  et  mourut 
en  1658.  II  avait  choisi  pour  sa  devise  cet  hemi- 
stiche  de  Virgile  :  "  Uno  avulso  non  deficit  alter," 
entourant  deux  arbres,  dont  Pun  est  deracine. 
On  a  de  lui  plusieurs  ouvrages,  dont  il  serait  trop 
long  de  donner  ici  les  titres.  Le  plus  connu  au- 
jourd'hui  est  La  Science  hero'ique,  traite  de  la 
noblesse,  de  1'origine  des  armes,  de  1'art  du  blason, 
symboles,  timbres,  etc.  Paris:  1644  et  1649, 
in-fol. 

Le  portrait  de  Vulson  a  ete  grave  plusieurs  fois : 
1.  La  tete,  Nanteuil  (non  Nantval)  del.  Orne- 
ments,  Chauveau  (non  Channeau)  del.  Regnesson, 
so.,  in-fol. — 2.  Chauveau,  en  pied  et  cartouche  a 
la  main,  in-fol. — 3.  Bosse. 

Si  je  vous  ecris,  Monsieur,  c'est  beaucoup  moins 
pour  vous  donner  un  renseignement  qui,  sans  au- 
cun  doute,  vous  viendra  d'autre  part,  que  pour 
recourir  moi-meme  st  1'obligeance  et  aux  lumieres 
de  vos  nombreux  lecteurs.  On  s'est  beaucoup 
occupe  en  France,  dans  un  certain  monde  poetique, 
il  y  a  quelque  trente  ans,  d'une  jeune  Americaine, 
morte  a  dix-sept  ans,  Lucretia  Maria  Davidson, 
dont  les  oeuvres  venaient  d'etre  recueillies  et 
publiees.  Je  crois  que  Southey  lui  consacra  un 
long  article  dans  le  Quarterly  Review.  Depuis 
j'ai  lu,  mais  sans  pouvoir  me  rappeler  ou,  que 
cette  jeune  Muse  transatlantique  etait  un  per- 
sonnage  fictif  et  imaginaire,  ou,  comme  vous  dites 
en  anglais,  je  crois,  un  forgery.  J'aurais  besoin 
de  savoir  h,  quoi  m'en  tenir  sur  la  question  d'au- 
thenticite. 

Agreez,  je  vous  prie,  Monsieur,  mes  salutations 
bien  sinceres,  G.  S.  TBEBUTIEN. 

Bibliotheque  de  Caen. 


DENNIS:  ARMA  INQUIRENDA. 

(3rd  S.  iii.  457.) 

I  am  glad  to  see  the  famous  Gloucestershire 
coat  of  Dennis  mentioned  by  MB.  WOODWARD. 
He  says,  very  justly,  "  Even  this  coat  perhaps 
admits'  of  an  explanation."  I  think  I  can  give 
evidence  of  the  explanation  which  will  be  con- 
sidered sufficient. 

Guillim,  in  his  Display,  gives  Dennis  thus  :  — 

"  He  beareth  gules,  three  Jeopards'  heads  or,  jessant 
flower-de-Iis,  Azure,  over  all  a  bend  engrailed  of  the  third, 
by  the  name  of  Dennis.  This  is  that  ancient  coat-armour 
of  that  Family,  as  appeareth  in  the  Cathedrall  Church  of 
Worcester  and  Hereford,  as  also  in  the  Churches  of  Dur- 
ham and  Auste,  and  many  other  places:  neverthelesse, 


54 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  JULY  18,  '63. 


some  have  of  late  years  altered  the  flower  de  lis  into  Or, 
•wherein  they  have  much  wronged  the  Bearers,  in  re- 
jecting the  "ancient  forme,  which  is  both  warranted  by 
Antique  Monuments,  and  no  way  discommendable,  sith  it 
is  borne  in  the  naturall  colour." 

Opposite  this  blazon  the  coat  is  figured.  The 
bend  goes  over  all,  that  is  to  say,  it  oppresses  the 
leopard's  head  in  the  dexter  chief. 

"  Durham  and  Auste  "  are  two  places  in  Glou- 
cestershire. Durham  is  more  usually  spelt  Dyr- 
ham.  It  it  the  Deorham  where  in  571  was  fought 
the  decisive  battle  with  which  began  the  English 
conquest  of  the  Severn  valley  from  the  Welsh. 
Now  Guillim,  besides  his  great  knowledge  in  all 
things  relating  to  his  profession,  must  have  had  a 
special  knowledge  of  the  Dennis  coat;  for  his 
wife  was  Anne  Dennis  of  Dyrham.  Her  father 
sold  Dyrham  to  the  Wynters. 

Guillim  died  in  1621.  At  that  time  neither 
the  beautiful  house  at  Syston  nor  the  two  houses 
in  Pucklechurch  had  been  built  by  the  Dennis 
family.  Guillim,  therefore,  makes  no  mention  of 
those  places.  They  are  both  within  a  short  dis- 
tance of  Dyrham.  Till  1853  there  stood  in  Puc- 
klechurch a  very  beautiful  house  known  as  the 
Great  Hall  or  House.  It  was  in  a  state  of  neglect 
and  decay,  with  the  exception  of  the  end  nearest 
the  road,  which  had  been  fitted  up  for  a  tenant, 
and  still  stands.  In  December,  1853,  I  saw  this 
house  sold,  wall  by  wall,  for  destruction.  It  was 
accordingly  pulled  down  soon  after,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  the  end  which  I  have  mentioned.  I 
have  preserved  notes  of  all  the  dates,  initials,  and 
arms,  which  for  some  years  before  1853 1  had  been 
in  the  habit  of  seeing  in  this  house.  The  date  in 
the  porch  (now  destroyed)  was  1642  ;  in  the 
"  Parlour;"  which  opened  out  of  the  "  Hall,"  the 
date  was  1651.  Probably  these  dates  give  the 
period  within  which  the  house  was  built'.  The 
initials  showed  that  the  house  was  built  by  John 
and  Mary  Dennis.  But  I  must  not  be  tempted 
into  details  beyond  the  subject  in  hand. 

The  arms  in  the  porch  were  on  two  shields,  one 
in  each  spandrel  of  the  inner  arch  in  which  the 
door  was  set.  The  sinister  showed,  Gutte,  three 
roses,  Still;  for  Mary  Still,  wife  of  John  Dennis. 
The  dexter,  Dennis,  the  bend  being  carried  over 
the  leopard's  head.  But,  in  the  "  Parlour,"  the 
coat  was  given,  over  the  fire-place,  with  the  bend 
not  oppressing  the  head  in  dexter  chief  but  going 
past  it.  However,  in  the  "  Hall,"  the  central 
and  most  important  room  in  the  house,  which  had 
the  passage  from  the  porch  on  one  side,  and  the 
"  parlour "  on  the  other,  the  coat  appeared  in 
great  splendour,  carved  and  painted,  and  sunk 
deep  within  a  massive  well-cut  wreath  of  leaves, 
with  the  bend  oppressing  the  head  in  dexter  chief. 
It  had  impaled  as  femme,  Argent,  two  bars  azure, 
over  all  an  eagle  displayed  double-tete  gules, 
Speke :  for  Margaret  Speke  of  White  Lackington, 


Somersetshire.  These  were  the  father  and  mother 
of  John  Dennis  the  builder  of  this  house. 

On  the  road  leading  out  of  Pucklechurch  to 
Syston  and  Bristol,  on  the  right-hand  side,  stands 
a  very  fine  house  of  moderate  size,  now  known  as 
Dad's  Farm.  Over  the  entrance  door  is  a  shield 
showing  eight  quarterings, — Dennis,  Corbett,  Rus- 
sell of  Dyrham,  Neremouth,  Gorges  of  Wraxall, 
Danvers,  Popham,  Still.  This  house  was  probably 
built  by  William  Dennis,  who  died  in  1701  ;  and, 
as  the  coat  isunimpaled,  probably  before  his  mar- 
riage. He  was  the  son  of  John  Dennis  and  Mary 
Still ;  and  in  his  shield  his  mother's  coat,  Still,  is 
the  last.  His  first  quarter,  Dennis,  has  the  bend 
oppressing  the  head  in  dexter  chief.  Taking 
Guillim's  blazon,  and  the  examples  which  I  have 
given  of  the  bend  going  over  all,  to  be  the  coat 
as  intended  by  the  race  who  bore  it,  the  explana- 
tion is  obvious  :  the  bend,  has  something  inter- 
posed between  it  and  the  field.  I  think  that  the 
coat,  as  it  appeared  in  the  "  parlour,"  was  pro- 
bably a  mistake ;  but  it  is  a  mistake  very  likely 
to  occur  in  the  hands  of  an  unskilful  artist ;  and 
having  occurred  elsewhere,  as  well  as  here  at  the 
fountain-head,  has  given  rise  to  questions  about 
this  ancient  coat. 

There  were,  close  up  to  the  ceiling  on  one  side 
of  the  "  Hall,"  five  oak  shields,  painted  :  1.  Dennis 
and  Berkeley;  2.  Dennis  and  Speke;  S.Dennis. 
4.  Dennis  and  Still;  5.  Dennis  and  Russell  of 
Dyrham.  But,  I  regret  to  say,  my  notes  do  not 
specify  the  arrangement  of  the  head  and  the 
bend.  These  shields  and  the  whole  pannelled  oak 
side  of  the  room  were  sold  for  41.  10s.  in  my  pre- 
sence. They  now  probably  decorate  some  room 
to  which  they  have  been  furnished  at  a  great  ad- 
vance of  price.  I  tried,  in  vain,  to  induce  the 
dealers  to  sell  me  the  shields  separated  from  the 
wood-pannelling.  One  can  only  hope  that  who- 
ever has  them  is  aware  that  he  has  the  shields  of 
one  of  the  ancient  families  of  the  West.  D.  P. 

Stuarts  Lodge.  Malvern  Wells. 


RALEGH  ARMS:  CORRECTION  (3rd  S.  iii.  149, 
238,  295,  451  ;  iv.  33.)— It  is  not  often  that  the 
contributors  to  "  N.  &  Q."  have  to  complain  of 
typographical  errors :  but  I  would  point  out  a 
misprint  in  the  last  insertion,  probably  arising 
from  my  own  bad  calligraphy.  With  reference 
to  the  Hele  coat,  it  is  said,  on  p.  34,  that  the 
centre  lozenge  is  charged  with  "  a  cross  and  faced 
or."  It  should  be,  charged  with  "  a  leopard's 
face  or."  There  is  another  error  in  the  same 
article,  which  I  can  well  account  for.  After 
having  written  the  word  Triese,  I  thought  it  did 
|  not  appear  very  distinct,  and  I  therefore  re-wrote 
it  more  plainly  over  —  hence  it  has  been  intro- 
duced as  "  Friese  (Triese)."  The  family  was 
never,  I  believe,  called  Friese.  JOHN  MACLEAN. 


3rd  S.  IV.  JULY  18,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


55 


LUTHER  (3rd  S.  iv.  7.)  —  As  theology  is  wisely 
excluded  from  "  N.  &  Q.,"  I  did  not  and  do  not 
offer  any  opinion  on  the  merits  of  Luther  on  the 
Gulaiians.  As  a  part  of  "Fur's"  library,  and 
quoted  effectively  by  him,  I  think  it  may  be  in- 
cluded among  the  "  doubtful."  (Fur  PrcKdestina- 
tus,  p.  16,  London,  1813.)  H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  Club. 

SHERIFFS  OF  CORNWALL  (3rd  S.  iii.  494.) — In  C. 
S.  Gilbert's  History  of  Cornwall,  Plymouth  Dock, 
1820,  2  vols.  4to,  vol.  ii.  pp.  351-8,  there  is  a  list 
of  sheriffs  of  Cornwall  from  1139  to  1819,  inclu- 
sive. W.  SANDYS. 

PARISHES  OF  ENGLAND  (3rd  S.  iii.  494.)  —  A 
General  Directory  to  the  Counties,  fyc.  in  England, 
by  Thomas  AVhillier,  8vo,  1825,  professes  to  be  a 
complete  directory  to  every  parish  or  district  in 
England  which  maintains  its  own  poor,  comprising 
nearly  14,000  places.  There  is  no  Shilling  Green, 
or  Milling  Green ;  there  is  a  Shilling  Okeford,  or 
Shillingstone,  in  Dorsetshire,  Cramborne  hun- 
dred. W.  SANDYS. 

SIR  CHARLES  CALTHROPE  (3rd  S.  iii.  489.)—- 
Sir  Charles  Calthrope,  Knt.  sometime  Attorney- 
General,  and  afterwards  one  of  the  Justices  of  the 
Common  Pleas  in  Ireland,  died  January  6th,  1616, 
nged  about  ninety-two,  and  was  buried  in  Christ 
Church,  Dublin.  He  was  the  son  of  Sir  Francis, 
whose  father,  Sir  William,  was  High  Sheriff  of 
Norfolk,  1st  Henry  VI. ;  and  was  son  of  Sir  Bar- 
tholomew, who  was  son  of  Sir  William,  whose  father, 
Sir  Oliver,  was  son  of  Sir  William  Calthrop,  Knt., 
who  lived  in  the  time  of  the  Conqueror. 

Sir  Charles  married,  first,  Winifred,  daughter 
of  Antonie  Toto,  a  Florentine,  of  King  Henry 
VIII.'s  Privy  Chamber,  and  his  serjeant-painter  ; 
she  died  Aug.  1st,  1605.  He  married,  secondly, 
Dorothie,  daughter  of  John  Deane,  of  London, 
widow,  first,  of  Henry  Perkin,  by  whom  she  had 
several  children ;  and,  second,  of  Robert  Con- 
stable. She  died  June  14th,  1616.  Sir  Charles 
had  no  issue  by  either  wife.  His  arms  were, 
"  chequy  or  and  azure,  a  fess  ermine  ;  "  impaling 
for  Toto  or  Tote,  "  Argent,  a  fess  gules,  between 
three  human  hearts  vulned,  and  distilling  drops  of 
blood  on  the  dexter  side ; "  and  for  Deane, 
"barry  of  six,  argent  and  azure,  a  canton  gules." 

The  above  account  I  have  extracted  from  vol. 
iii.  of  the  Funeral  Entries,  in  Ulster  Office,  Dub- 
lin, by  permission  of  Sir  J.  Bernard  Burke.  In 
these  entries  the  name  is  spelt  "Calthrop,"  "Cal- 
throppe,"  and  "  Calthorpe." 

H.  LOFTUS  TOTTENHAM. 

SWIFT  :  "  TALE  OF  A  TUB  "  (3rd  S.  iv.  5.)— The 
original  of  the  passage  quoted  from  St.  Optatus 
is  as  follows :  — 

"Quaerendi  sunt  judices;  si  Christian!,  de  utraque 
parte  dari  non  possunt ;  quia  studiis  veritas  impeditur.  De 
Ibris  quaerendus  estjudex;  si  paganus,  non  potest  nosse 


Christiana  secreta;  si  .Tudaaus,  inimicus  est  Christiani 
baptismatis ;  ergo  in  terris  do  hac  re  nullnm  poterit  re- 
periri  judiciuui ;  de  coe'.o  quasrendus  est  judex.  Sed  ut 
quid  pulsamus  ad  coelum,  cum  habeamus  hie  in  Evange- 
lio  testamentum  ?  Quia  hoc  loco  recte  possunt  tevrena 
ccelestibus  comparari ;  tale  est  quod  quivis  hominum 
habens  numerosos  filios.  His,  quamdiu  pater  prajsens 
est,  ipse  imperat  singulis ;  non  est  adhuc  necessarium 
testamentum ;  sic  et  Chj'istus,  quamdiu  praesens  in  terra 
fuit  (quamvis  nee  modo  desit)  pro  tempore  quidquid 
necessarium  erat  Apostolis  imperavit.  Se  quomodo  ter- 
renus  pater,  dum  se  in  confinio  senserit  mortis,  timens  ne 
post  mortem  suani,  rupta  pace,  litigent  fratres,  adhibitis 
testibus  voluntatem  suam  de  pectore  morituro  transfer!  in 
tabulas  diu  duraturas.  Et  si  fuerit  inter  fratres  nata  con- 
tentio,  non  itur  ad  tumulum,  sed  quaeritur  testamentum ; 
et  qui  in  tumulo  quiescit,  tacitus  de  tabulis  loquitur: 
vivus,  is  cujus  est  testamentum,  in  coelo  est.  Ergo  vo- 
luntas  ejus,  velut  in  testamento,  sic  in  Evangelio  inquira- 
tur."  —  S.  Optati  Op.  Parisiis,  1631,  folio,  lib.  v.  p.  84. 

The  translation  is  given  with  tolerable  fairness, 
though  it  is  not  always  strictly  correct.  But  it  is 
not  of  the  Rule  of  Faith  in  general  that  St.  Opta- 
tus is  speaking  ;  but  merely  of  the  single  point  of 
rebaptism,  which  was  defended  by  Parmenian, 
the  successor  of  Donatus  in  the  schismatical  see  of 
Carthage.  As  both  parties  claimed  to  belong  to 
the  Catholic  Church,  St.  Optatus  very  obviously 
refers  to  the  Gospel,  as  authority  admitted  by 
both,  for  the  decision  of  the  question.  For,  as  he 
observes  immediately  before  — 

"Cujus  de  sacramento  (Baptismatis)  non  leve  certa- 
men  innatum  est,  et  dubitatur,  an  post  Trinitatem  in 
eadem  Trinitate  hoc  iterum  liceat  facere.  Vos  dicitis: 
Licet;  nos  dicimus :  Non  licet;  inter  licet  vestrum,  et  non 
licet  nostrum,  nutant  et  remigant  auimse  populorum. 
Nemo  vobis  credat,  nemo  nobis ;  omnes  contentiosi  homi- 
nes sumus.  Quaerendi  sunt  j  udiees,"  &c. 

That  a  passage  like  this  could  have  suggested 
to  Swift  the  leading  idea  of  his  Tale  of  a  Tub  I 
think  very  unlikely ;  but  that  Swift  ever  read  a 
line  of  St.  Optatus,  much  more  unlikely. 

F.  C.  H. 

PIZARRO'S  COAT  OF  ARMS  (3rd  S.  iv.  8.)  — A 
recent  visitor  to  Trujillo  —  the  Rev.  R.  Roberts, 
B.A. — gives  the  following  explanation  of  Pi- 
zarro's  arms,  which  I  hope  may  interest  your  cor- 
respondent C.  M.  :  — 

"  The  mansion  built  by  Pizarro,  after  the  conquest  of 
Peru,  stands  in  the  Plaza;  and,  though  indifferently 
situated,  is  a  handsome  building  of  freestone,  decorated 
after  the  Spanish  custom,  with  boldly-sculptured  coats  of 
arms,  and  other  heraldic  devices,  the  most  conspicuous 
being  a  couple  of  pigs  feeding  under  an  oak-tree — a  badge 
that  not  only  recalled  his  origin  and  early  employment,  but 
proved,  moreover,  that  the  conqueror  of  Peru  was  not 
ashamed  to  own  himself  the  son  of  a  swineherd,"  &c — 
An  Autumn  Tour  in  Spain  in  the  Year  1859,  London, 
1860,  p.  262. 

Ford,  in  his  Description  of  Trujillo,  speaks  of  a 
legend  connected  with  Pizarro,.  viz.  "  that  he  was 
suckled,  not  by  a  Romulean  wolf,  but  by  an 
Estremenian  sow — a  very  proper  and  local  wet- 
nurse,"  &c.  (Handbook  for  Spain,  Part  n.  p.  479, 
edit.  1859.)  J-  DALTON. 


56 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  JITLY  18,  '63. 


To  "  SPEAK  BT  THE  CARD  "  (3rd  S.  ii.  503,  &C.)— 

I  subjoin  the  following  quotation  from  Hooker's 
Laws  of  Ecclesiastical  Polity,  which  may  serve 
to  throw  additional  light  on  the  exact  meaning  of 
this  saying.  It  occurs  in  book  i.  chap.  ii.  §  5,  ed. 
Keble.  Speaking  of  the  Eternal  Law,  which  "  God 
himself  hath  made  to  himself,  and  thereby  work- 
eth  all  things  whereof  he  is  the  cause  and  author," 
he  terms  it  "  that  Law  which  hath  been  the  pattern 
to  make,  and  is  the  card  to  guide  the  world  by" 
This  guiding  Law  is  what  Hooker  terms  further 
on,  "  the  first  Law  Eternal ;"  or  more  fully,  "that 
order  which  God,  before,  all  ages,  hath  set  down 
with  himself,  for  himself  to  do  all  things  by."  Of 
course,  it  is  not  to  be  identified  with  Plato's  doc- 
trine of  the  'I5e'a ;  indeed,  our  author  expressly 
disclaims  this  tenet  of  the  Ultra-Realistic  or  Pla- 
tonic schools.  In  the  above  quotation,  card  would 
evidently  seem  to  bear  the  sense  of  "  chart."  The 
Encyclopaedia  Londinensis  defines  card  to  be  "  the 
paper  on  which  the  winds  are  marked  under  the 
mariner's  needle,"  and  quotes  the  following  lines 
of  Pope:- 

"  On  Life's  vast  Ocean  diversely  we  sail, 
Keason  the  Card,  but  Passion  is  the  gale." 

W.  BOWEN^ROWLANDS. 

CHURCH  TJSED  BT  CHURCHMEN  AND  ROMAN 
CATHOLICS  (3rd  S.  ii.  56,  &c.)  —  The  division  of 
the  same  church  between  two  rival  bodies  of  wor- 
shippers, is  found  in  Germany.  I  recollect  re- 
marking, during  my  stay  in  Heidelberg  some  two 
or  three  years  back,  that  the  principal  church  of 
that  lovely  town  —  the  Heiligengeist-kirche  —  was 
thus  allotted  to  the  Roman  Catholics  and  Luthe- 
rans :  the  former  occupying  the  eastern,  and  the 
latter  the  western  portion  of  the  sacred  edifice. 
A  partition  effected  a  complete  separation  be- 
tween the  various  parts,  and  the  different  services 
went  on  at  the  same  time  without  interrupting 
each  other.  W.  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 

CHURCH  v.  KING  (3rd  S.  iii.  447.)— The  incident 
alluded  to  is  the  test  offered  to  Lothaire,  King  of 
Lorraine,  by  Adrian  II.  in  869 ;  when  he  made 
him  swear  on  the  Eucharist  that  he  had  fully 
complied  with  the  orders  of  Nicholas  I.  as  to 
putting  away  Valdrada,  and  taking  back  his 
queen,  Theutberga.  He  was  shortly  after  at- 
tacked by  a  fever,  of  which  he  died  at  Piacenza. 
The  same  ordeal  was  proposed  at  Canossa  to 
Henry  IV.  by  Gregory  VII.,  who  had  previously 
subjected  himself  to  it,  in  token  of  his  being  in- 
nocent of  the  charges  brought  against  him  by  the 
emperor.  Henry,  however,  declined  to  take  it. 
The  story  of  Lothaire  will  be  found  in  his  Life  in 
the  Biographic  Universelle ;  and  is  also  alluded 
to  in  a  note  at  p.  180  of  vol.  ii.  of  Bowden's  Life 
of  Gregory  VIL,  where  original  authorities  are 
referred  to.  VEBNA. 


GODOLPHIN  :  WHITE  EAGLE  (3rd  S.  iii.  448.) — 
I  believe  that,  even  Editorial  answers  in  "N.  &  Q.," 
are  not  exempt  from  comment.  It  seems  highly 
improbable  that  Carew  should  have  given  the  ex- 
planation "  white  eagle,"  without  some  grounds  of 
apparent  probability  at  least.  First  then,  the 
Cornish  form  of  the  name  is  Godolghan,  or  Godol- 
can  (or  Godalcan)  :  the  last  syllable  may  be  the 
adjective  can,  white.  Godol,  or  Gedol,  may  have 
been  a  Welsh  or  Cornish  word  unknown  to  the 
dictionaries,  signifying  "eagle"  (probably  as  a 
descriptive  epithet,  etymologically  combatant) ; 
even  though  we  have  no  other  voucher  than  Ca- 
rew himself.  That  such  a  word  (whatever  be 
the  meaning)  existed  in  Welsh,  we  may  learn 
from  the  name  of  Cors-y-Gedol  in  Merioneth. 

Davies  Gilbert  seems  to  have  imagined  English 
elements  in  this  Cornish  name.  But  although  it 
is  possible  that  Carew  may  be  right  in  his  division 
and  interpretation  of  the  name,  there  is  another 
explanation  to  be  found,  I  believe,  in  Camden. 
Godalcan  is  rendered,  "  wood  of  tin,"  as  though 
it  were  a  wood  in  which  there  are  tin  mines  (God, 
mutation  from  Coit,  a  wood ;  and  alcan,  tin)  :  but 
while  I  believe  that  alcan  is  an  element  in  the 
name,  the  first  syllable  seems  to  me  to  be  from 
Cody,  to  raise, — "a  place  where  tin  is  raised." 
I  believe  Carew  to  be  quite  right  as  to  what  the 
several  parts  of  the  Cornish  name  might  mean, 
though  wrong  in  so  dividing  the  word,  and  apply- 
ing them  to  this  particular  example ;  while  Davies 
Gilbert  is  quite  astray.  L^LIUS. 

The  derivation  of  this  Cornish  name  from  Go- 
dolghan or  Godolcan,  "  white  eagle,"  is  ridi- 
culous. There  can  be  no  such  compound  in 
Cornish.  Scawen  says  "  Godolphin  in  keeping 
still  displayed  abroad  the  white  eagle,  from 
the  Cornish  Gothulgon;"  and  Gilbert  adds,  in  a 
note,  "  Godolanec,  in  the  Phoenician,  is  a  place  of 
tin."  Pryce  renders  the  name  "  the  little  valley  of 
springs  "  (go,  little  ;  dol,  valley ;  phin  or  fince,  of 
springs.)  This  is  a  more  reasonable  derivation ; 
but  I  am  disposed  to  think  that  godol  is  simply  a 
harsh  pronunciation  of  dol,  and  that  the  name 
may  have  been  originally  Dolvean,  "the  little 
valley  ; "  or  Dolfyn,  "  the  little  spring." 

R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 

THE  SONG  OF  THE  BATTLE  OF  HEXHAM  (3rd  S. 
iii.  511.)  — This  song  was  written  by  the  alleged 
discoverer,  the  Rev.  George  Hunt  Smyttan,  late 
rector  of  Hawks  worth,  Notts.  W.  BEAMONT. 

Latchfield,  Warrington. 

UNIPODS  :  MUSKY  H (2nd  S.  xi.  428.)— I  have 

little  doubt  that  "  Musky  II "  is  intended  for 

Admiral  Hawke.  From  what  I  have  read  about 
him  (I  forgot  where),  my  impression  is  that  he 
had  the  reputation  of  a  "  fine  gentleman." 

Hawke,  in  1758,  was  "under  a  cloud,"  on  ac- 
count of  his  recent  abortive  expedition  to  the 


JULY  18,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


57 


coast  of  France.     But  his  flag-ship  was,  on  tha 
occasion,  the  unfortunate  "  Ramilies,"  which,  as 
contemporary  poet    says,   never  had  any   luck 
"  e'en  from  her  rising  to  her  setting  day : "  — 
"  Not  e'en  Hawke's  valour  could  reverse  thy  doom, 
But  silent  slept  the  thunders  in  thy  womb ; 
What  time  the  foe,  from  Rochfort's  tottering  towers, 
Dismayed,  yet  safe,  beheld  the  British  powers." 

Scots'  Mag.  xxii.  94. 

He  recovered  his  popularity  the  following  year 
in  consequence  of  his  glorious  victory  over  Con 
flans. 

Hawke,  in  1780,  headed  the  representation  o 
the  twelve  admiral  against  the  management  of  th 
navy  by  Lord  Sandwich :  — 

"  Ye  sailors  cheer  each  honest  name, 
And  waft  them  to  immortal  fame 

Who  clothed  with  honour  shone ; 
Your  Hawke,  who  Albion's  thunder  hurl'd 
When  Chatham's  genius  awed  the  world, 
Lays  truth  before  the  throne !  " 

N.  F.  H.for  Wit,  ii.  161. 

This  family  is  now  flourishing  in  Yorkshire  al 
their  patrimonial  seat,  Scarthingwill  Hall.  It  was 
once  alienated,  but  was  recovered  by  a  fortunate 
marriage.  W.  D. 

CHRISTIE  (3rd  S.  iii.  478)  is  doubtless  one  of  the 
nicknames  of  Christopher,  and  Stopher  may  be  from 
the  last  part  of  the  name.  From  the  other  nick- 
name, Kit,  we  have  Kitchen,  "  little  Kit ; "  while 
Kitchener  and  Kitchiner  are  perhaps  from  cyttenere, 
an  old  word  for  a  citizen.  R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 

PLATFORM  (3rd  S.  ii.  426,  475.)  —  Shakspeare 
uses  the  word  in  the  First  Part  of  Henry  VI., 
Act  II.  Sc.  1  :  — 

"And  now  there  rests  no  other  shift  but  this, — 
To  gather  our  soldiers,  scatter'd  and  dispers'd, 
And  lay  new  platforms  to  endamage  them." 

In  a  foot-note  to  the  word,  Collier  says :  — 
L  e.  plots  or  plans.    The  plot  of  a  play  was  formerly 
^Eng.Dram.  Poetry 


ERIC. 


called  a  « platform.'  —  See  the  Hist,  of 
and  the  Stage,  vol.  iii.  p.  393,"  &c. 

Ville-Marie,  Canada. 

PHAED'S  POEMS  (3rd  S.  ii.  519.)— I  notice 
that  J.  P.  O.  suggests  a  reason  for  the  publication 
of  Praed's  Poems  in  the  United  States.  He  was 
descended,  I  believe,  from  a  branch  of  that  family 
which  continued  in  England ;  and  to  which  be- 
longed a  Stephen  Winthrop,  an  eminent  London 
merchant,  who  died  about  1750.  I  think  Miss 
Mitford  was  hardly  just  in  terming  his  name  "the 
vulgar  abomination  of  this  conglomeration  of  in- 
harmonious sounds."  Winthrop  is  more  correctly 
spelled  Winthorpe,  and  not  so  very  inharmonious. 
Was  not  the  other  a  compound  name,  Mackworth- 
Praed,  and  the  result  of  the  alliance  of  the  two 
families  ? 

The  reason  of  the  publication  here  was  the  ad- 
miration felt  by  the  late  Dr.  Rufus  W.  Griswold 


for  the  poet.  After  waiting  for  the  appearance 
of  a  complete  collection  of  Praed's  poems,  Mr. 
Griswold  published  a  volume  of  such  as  he  could 
gather,  and  it  ran  through  several  editions. 

In  1859, 1  edited  another  edition  in  two  volumes ; 
adding  whatever  I  could,  though  I  believe  not  to 
the  acceptance  of  most  of  my  critics.  I  do  not 
repent  of  the  step,  because  I  think  that  these  suc- 
cessive editions  have  kept  alive  the  interest  in  the 
author ;  and  have  made  him  known,  though  im- 
perfectly, to  thousands  of  readers  here  who  will 
eagerly  seek  a  more  complete  issue. 

I  believe  I  have  the  best  authority  for  saying 
that  the  work  of  preparing  a  proper  edition  has 
been  placed  in  hands  most  suited  to  it. 

W.  H.  WHITMORE. 

Boston,  U.  S.  A. 

STRADELLA  (3rd  S.  iv.  9.)  —  Alessandro  Stra- 
della  wrote  numerous  cantatas,  &c.  One  of  the 
most  interesting  of  his  works  is  a  serenata,  from 
which  Handel  has  borrowed  much  for  "  Israel  in 
Egypt : "  the  oratorio  of  "  San  Giovanni  Battista  " 
is  also  an  important  work,  and  contains  an  aria, 
"Anco  in  cielo,"  bearing  some  resemblance  to 
Meyerbeer's  "  Re  del  cielo "  in  the  Prophete. 
Stradella's  published  songs  are  "  Se  i  miei  sospiri," 
or  "  Pieta  Signore,"  "  Anco  in  cielo,''  and  "  Se  nel 
ben."  Amongst  those  in  MS.  will  be  found  "  San 
Giovanni  Battista  "  (an  oratorio),  a  serenata,  six- 
teen duets,  thirty-one  Italian  madrigals,  "  Idalma," 
opera  (this  is  doubtful),  twenty-eight  duets,  and 
various  motetts,  &c.  R.  E.  L. 

PRINCE  CHRISTIERN  OP  DENMARK  (3rd  S.  iii. 
477.)  —  Your  correspondent,  T.  J.  BUCKTON,  has 
mistaken  my  query  (3rd  S.  iii.  407),  and  indeed  I 
do  not  see  how  he  has  answered  it  at  all.  He  has 
merely  given  the  reigning  sovereigns  since  Chris- 
tiern  III.,  and  should  therefore  have  written  No. 
9  in  his  list,  as  Christiern  VIII.,  and  his  son  as 
Frederick  VII.  But  what  I  want  is  the  direct 
male  descent  of  Prince  Christiern  from  Christiern 
[II.,  through  a  son  John,  who  was,  I  believe, 
DukeofHolstein.  G.  W.  M. 

BURNING  ALIVE  (3rd  S.  iv.  5.) — JEAN  LE  THOU- 
VEUR  says :  — 

Burning  alive  was  no  more  a  reality  than  John  Doe 
and  Richard  Roe ;  and  the  obstinate  retention  of  the  form 
f  the  sentence,  for  generations  after  it  had  ceased  to  be 
xecuted,  proves  not  the  cruelty  of  our  ancestors,  but  the 
xtraordinary  pedantry  of  our  lawyers,"  &c. 

To  be  drawn  on  a  hurdle  and  burned  alive  was 
be  sentence  of  the  law  on  women  convicted  of 
etit  treason.  By  30  Geo.  III.  c.  48,  hanging  was 
ubstituted  for  burning;  and  by  3  Geo.  IV.  c. 
14,  petit  treason  was  placed  on  the  same  footing 
s  murder.  The  pedantry  of  lawyers  lias  nothing 
o  do  with  sentences,  and  a  judge  before  the  30 
eo.  III.  c.  48,  had  no  more  power  to  order  a 
etit  traitor  to  be  hanged  than  to  be  boiled.  Up 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  JULY  18,  'S3. 


to  that  lime  many  women  were  strangled  contrary 
to  law,  and  I  believe  one  or  two,  from  careless- 
ness or  mismanagement,  legally  burned. 

H.  B.  C. 
U.  U.  Club. 

BLACK-MONDAY  (3rd  S.  iv.  6.) —  My  friend, 
MR.  NORTH,  may  rest  assured  that  the  term 
"  Black  Monday,"  in  the  extract  from  the  parish 
accounts  .of  St.  Martin's  quoted  by  him,  refers  to 
Easter  Monday,  and  to  no  other  day ;  for,  al- 
though, as  is  very  probable,  neither  the  Mayor  of 
Leicester,  nor  few,  if  any,  of  his  municipal  subjects 
might  be  aware  of  its  origin  (as  stated  by  Mr. 
Halliwell),  we  know  that  a  popular  epithet,  or 
nick-name,  is  as  tenacious  of  existence  as  a  cat, 
and  may  be  in  common  use  long  after  its  origin 
may  have  passed  beyond  "  the  memory  of  the 
oldest  inhabitant." 

The  reason  why  the  Mayor  commanded  the 
bells  to  be  rung  on  that  day  is  to  be  found  in  the 
fact,  that  an  annual  hunting  took  place  on  the 
Dane's  Hills,  near  Leicester,  on  Easter  Monday, 
which  was  attended  by  the  Mayor  and  Corpora- 
tion in  state,  the  proceedings  ending  with  a  feast 
at  the  Mayor's  expense. 

There  is  an  entry  in  the  Hall  Book,  dated  1633, 
of  the  ten  occasions  in  the  year,  appointed  for 
the  wearing  of  scarlet  robes,  the  seventh  being 
"  Easterday  and  Blacke  Muuday." 

WILLIAM  KEIXT. 

Leicester. 

SDBSTANTIA  (3rd  S.  iii.  470.) — The  equivalent 
of  the  Latin  substantia  is  the  Greek  ova-la.  *,  of 
universal  adoption  from  the  categories  of  Ari- 
stotle. So  in  the  fourth  century,  during  the 
Arian  divisions,  the  compound  consubstantialis  was 
the  equivalent  of  the  Greek  &/J.OOIHTIOS. 

In  the  Stoic  philosophy,  ovo-ia  is  equivalent  to 
#A?j,  matter.  Substance  is  that  which  stands  under 
and  supports  the  attributes  of  form,  colour,  &c. 
whereby  such  substance  or  matter  is  made  ap- 
parent to  the  mental  faculties.  Instead  of  sub- 
stance, the  word  essence  will  better  represent  the 
oi'er/o  of  Aristotle.  Spinoza's  definition  of  sub- 
stance is  existence. 

The  word  far^crrao-iy  is  appropriate  to  medicine, 
as  an  abscess,  or  sediment ;  to  architecture,  as 
the  base  of  a  temple.  Metaphorically  it  meant 
ground-work,  argument,  firmness  (2  Cor.  ix.  4  ; 
xi.  17;  Euseb.  Hist.  v.  1),  a  resolution,  reality  as 
opposed  to  appearance  (Heb.  i.  3,  Aristot.  Mundo, 
iv.  19  ;  Artemidor.  Onirocr.  iii.  14)  ;  substance  or 
nature,  and  finally,  in  Greek  dogmatic  theology, 
persona,  or  person  of  the  Trinity,  the  idea  being 
borrowed  from  the  Latins. 

Quotations  from  the  Greek  and  Latin  fathers, 
showing  their  use  of  these  terms,  would  be  tedious 


*  Ambrose,  De  Fide,   iii.  7,  p.  74  a;  Augustin,  De 
Trinitate.  vii.  5,  p.  861  a. 


and  unsatisfactory.  The  Greeks  impugned  the 
poverty  of  the  Latin  tongue  (Greg.  ^Naz.  Orat. 
xxi.  p.  46.)  Dr.  Hampden  says :  "  The  theolo- 
gical vocabulary  of  the  Latins  appears  not  to  have 
been  settled  before  the  writings  of  Augustine." 
(Bampton  Lectures,  p.  471.)  But  Augustine's 
terminology  is  not  up  to  the  standard  of  the  pre- 
sent age  or  that  of  the  Scholastic  Fathers ;  thus 
he  speaks  of  the  three  persons  as  tres  substantial 
(De  Trin.  vii.)  Aquinas  says  that  substantia 
answers  to  hyposlasis  in  Greek  (Summa,  xxix. 
3),  which  is  true  only  as  to  previous  and  erro- 
neous use.  The  Atbanasian  Creed  applies  the 
word  substance  in  two  distinct  senses,  in  the  ex- 
pressions "  God  of  the  substance  of  the  Father, 
and  man  of  the  substance  of  his  mother,"  where 
the  meaning  in  modern  phi-aseology  is  God  of  the 
essence  or  spiritual  substance  of  the  Father,  and 
man  of  the  fleshly  substance  of  his  mother.  (See 
Hampden's  Bampton  Lecture,  iii.  pp.  126,  469.) 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

FIRST  DANISH  INVASION  (3rd  S.  iii.  467.)  — 
There  is  no  historical  authority  for  the  impression 
that  England  was  first  invaded  by  Normans  from 
France.  Bede  and  other  authorities  date  the  first 
invasion  in  787  ;  but  Snorre,  speaks  of  Ivar  Vid- 
fadme,  King  of  Scania,  in  the  sixth  or  seventh  cen- 
tury, who  subjected  to  himself  a  fifth  part  of  Eng- 
land or  Northumbria.  (Turner's  Anglo-Saxons,  iv. 
iii.  474.)  It  was  not  till  796  that  the  Normans  com- 
menced infesting  the  coasts  of  the  empire  of  the 
Franks.  (Koch,  i.  79.)  The  palaces  built  by 
Charlemagne  at  Nimeguen  and  Aix-la-Chapelle 
were  burnt  by  the  Normans  in  881  and  882,  when 
they  sacked  Liege,  Maestricht,  Tongres,  Cologne, 
Bonn,  Zulpich,  Nnys,  and  Treves  (Koch,  i.  81.) 
They  first  invaded  Ireland  in  795.  They  esta- 
blished a  colony  in  Iceland  in  874,  and  the  em- 
pire of  Russia  in  850.  The  power  of  Charlemagne, 
who  died  in  814,  preserved  France  from  their 
incursions;  but  in  the  reigns  of  Charles  the  Bald 
and  Charles  the  Gross,  840  to  887,  that  country 
suffered  greatly  from  the  Normans.  Their  ravages 
were  extended  to  Spain,  the  Balearic  Isles,  Italy, 
Greece,  and  the  shores  of  Africa  (Koch,  i.  81.) 
The  words  "  triduo,  flantibus  Euris,  vela  pendun- 
tur "  (Script.  Rer.  Dan.  i.  236)  which  are  Thi- 
erry's authority,  apply,  I  conceive,  to  the  three 
days  they  were  under  sail  from  shore  to  shore ; 
thus  the  distance  being  about  360  miles,  gives  a 
rate  of  five  miles  the  hour,  and  this  would  bring 
them  to  the  east  coast  of  England  only,  whence 
they  would  proceed  to  the  south  coast  in  about 
three  days  more  with  favourable  winds.  Thierry 
has  not  regarded  this  question  from  a  nautical 
point  of  view.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield.  .   . 

The  Anglo-Saxon  Chronicle,  as  all  know,  as- 
cribes the  first  incursion  of  the  Danes  into  Eng- 


3'<i  S.  IV.  JULY  18,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


59 


land  to  the  year  787.  It  may  be  doubted,_  how- 
ever, whether  this  is  the  correct,  date.  It  is  not 
improbable  that  it  is  a  postponement. 

In  the  Collection  of  letters  of  S.  Boniface  and 
others  published  by  Dr.  Giles,  there  occurs  an 
epistle  from  Bregwin  to  Lull,  the  successor  of  S. 
Boniface.  Dr.  Giles  attributes  to  this  epistle  the 
date  "  circ.  A.D.  76 1 ." 

The  proem  of  the  letter  is  in  these  words :  — 
"  Dies  multi  elapsi  sunt,  ex  quo  sollicitus  praeoptabam, 
tit  Deo  favente,  tandem  aliquando  prosperum  iter  lega- 
tarii  nostri  perveniendi  ad  Beatitudinem  vestram  invenire 
potuissent;  quia  per  hos  scilicet  proximo  decurrentes 
priores  annos,  -plurimse  ac  diversae  inquietudines  apud  nos 
in  Britannia)  vel  in  Galliae  partibus  audiebantur  existere, 
et  hoc  videlicet  nostrum  desiderabile  propositum  saspius 
impedivit,  et  perterrendo  valde  prohibuit  de  nostra  ali- 
quos  ad  vos  dirigere  per  tarn  incertas  tamque  .  .  .  crebris 
infestationibus  improborum  hominum  in  provincias  An- 
glorum  seu  Galliae  regiones.  Nunc  vero,  pace  ac  tuitione 
nobis  a  principibus  indubitanter  undique  promissa,  misi- 
mus  ad  vestram  Venerabilem  Fraternitatem  hunc  pras- 
sentem  fratrem  istavum  prsesentium  literarum  bajulum, 
&c." — S.  Bonifacii  Opera,  vol.  i.  p.  245,  epist.  cxx. 

These  passages  can  refer  to  the  incursions  into 
England  and  France  of  no  other  barbarians  than 
the  Danes;  but  the  date  of  the  epistle  clashes  ma- 
terially with  the  epoch  assigned  by  the  chronicle. 

Is  Dr.  Giles's  imputed  date  correct?  (See  his 
own  warning  Postscriptum  to  the  first  volume.) 

H.  C.  C. 

PROVERB  :  "  THE  GRACE  or  GOD  IN  THE 
HIGHLANDS"  (2nd  S.  xii.  309,  357.)  —  Pennant 
records  an  ill-natured  proverb  applicable  to  the 
people  of  the  Carse  of  Gowrie  in  Perthshire  :  — 
"  They  want  water  in  the  summer,  fire  in  the 
winter,  and  the  grace  of  God  all  the  year  round." 
(Chambers  s  Journal,  1834,  p.  79.) 

JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORKARD,  M.A. 

ABBOT  WHITING'S  WATCH  (3rd  S.  iii.  448, 476.) 
As  Abbot  Whiting's  watch  has  been  made  a  sub- 
ject of  inquiry  in  "X.  &  Q.,"  perhaps  the  fol- 
lowing notice  of  a  portion  of  its  history,  previous 
to  the  Duke  of  Sussex's  sale,  may  not  be  unac- 
ceptable. 

The  Rev.  Richard  Warner,  in  his  History  of 
Glaston,  tells  us  (p.  Ixxiv.)  that  the  watch  and 
the  abbot's  private  seal  appending,  were  at  that 
time  (18'26)  in  the  possession  of  the  Rev.  John 
Bowen,  Minister  of  St.  Margaret's  Chapel,  Bath, 
holding  also  other  preferments  in  the  county  of 
Somerset,  and  well  known  for  his  musical  par- 
tialities. Mr.  Warner  has  added  that  Mr.  Bowen 
purchased  it  in,1783  of  Mr.  Howe,  a  watchmaker, 
at  Bishop's  Lydeard,  Somersetshire,  who  had  ac- 
quired it  at  a  sale  by  auction  of  the  goods  of  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Paine,  who  had  lived  to  the  age  of 
nearly  100  years,  and  in  whose  family  a  tradition 
bad  been  held  that  the  watch  and  seal  had  been 
successively  worn  by  himself,  his  father,  and  his 
grandfather,  and  that  they  h;id  been  purchased 


by  an  ancestor  of  the  grandfather  at  the  sale  of 
Abbot  Whiting's  personal  property  after  his  exe- 
cution, and  the  dissolution  of  the  monastery.  On 
Plate  xvn.  in  the  History  of  Glaston,  is  given  a 
representation  of  the  watch  and  seal.  X.  A.  X. 

MOSSING  A  BARN  (3rd  S.  iv.  28.) — It  is  now 
generally  the  practice,  especially  in  exposed  situa- 
tions, to  "  point"  the  inside  of  the  roof  of  a  barn 
similarly  to  that  of  a  house,  i.  e.  to  plaster  up  the 
joints  between  the  slates  so  as  to  preve'nt  driving 
rain  and  snow  from  finding  an  entrance.  For- 
merly the  same  end  was  attained  by  "  mossing " 
the  roof;  in  other  words,  by  stuffing  the  joints 
and  crevices  in  the  slates,  from  the  outside,  with 
dry  moss  or  other  suitable  material.  The  slates 
then,  as  now,  were  laid  on  laths  and  spars.  In 
proportion  as  blue  slate  has  been  introduced, 
mossing  has  been  discontinued.  Your  corre- 
spondent will  still  find,  in  some  wild  out-lying 
districts  of  Lancashire,  where  the  native  roach 
grey  (stone)  slate  is  used,  the  old  custom  re- 
tained. J.  M.  H. 

EPIGRAM  (3r<!  S.  iii.  499.)— I  think  the  Soles 
and  Eels  were  more  likely  than  the  Kraken  to  have 
heard  first  the  sound  of  boots  on  the  stairs  of  the 
Ark.  C.  W.  B. 

TWILLED  BRIMS  :  FLORAL  CROWNS  (3rd  S.  iii. 
464.)  —  S.  H.  M.'s  explanation  that  "  Thy  banks  " 
are  the  bnnks,  not  of  rivers,  but  of  Ceres  and 
cereals,  and  mine  that  the  relative  "  which  "  has 
reference  to  these  banks,  and  not  to  their  "twilled 
brims;"  and  that  the  "chaste  crowns"  were  prim- 
rose wreaths,  agree  with  and  support  one  another, 
and  this  unintentional  agreement  may  be  taken  as 
a  further  proof  of  their  correctness.  Another 
proof  is  to  be  found  in  the  now  easy  interpretation 
of  twilled.  In  modern  French,  the  word  touiller  is 
used,  I  believe,  in  a  more  restricted  and  technical 
sense  ;  but  Cotgrave  gives  it  as  meaning  "  filthily 
to  mix  or  mingle  ....  Also,  to  bedirt,  begrime, 
besmear,  smeech,  or  beray."  And  in  evidence  of 
its  use  as  an  agricultural  term,  we  find  under 
touille  the  old  saying,  "Avoine  touillee  croist 
comme  enragee"  —  "In  miry  ground  oats  grow 
like  mad."  Shakspeare,  therefore,  companioning 
the  strange  and  foreign  word  pioned  with  another, 
has  used  twilled  as  derivable  from  this  root ;  and 
the  digging  and  bemiring  of  the  brims  or  edges  of 
the  banks  is  the  "ditching"  and  throwing  up  of 
the  dug  soil  mentioned  by  S.  H.  M.  Moisture  is 
favourable  to  piimroses,  and  the  earlier  showers 
of  February  and  March  produce  that  miry  state  of 
the  ditch  bottoms  which  is  euphemised  by  twilled. 

BENJ.  EASY. 

SERMONS  ON  INOCULATION  *  (3rd  S.  iii.  476.)  — 
In  the  Classical  Journal  for  1812,  vol.  v.  p.  158, 
there  is  an  epilogue  to  the  play  of  Terence  acted 


f,  Vaccination  ? 


60 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  IV.  JULY  18,  '63. 


at  Westminster  School,  1811.  The  subject  of 
vaccination  and  the  attacks  made  upon  it  is 
treated  with  great  humour.  Quaere,  Would  it  be 
worth  reprinting  in  "  N.  &.Q. "  ?  H.  H. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

Portraits  of  Men  of  Eminence  in  Literature,  Science,  and 
Art;  with  Biographical  Memoirs.  The  Photographs  from 
Life  by  Ernest  Edwards,  B.A.  Parts  I.  and  II.  (Lovell 
Reeve  &  Co.) 

This  is  a  good  idea,  well  carried  out.  Public  taste, 
which  is  never  wrong  in  the  long  run,  is  so  decidedly  in 
favour  of  the  small  carte-de-visite  size  for  portraits  of 
notabilities,  that  a  series  of  such  portraits  to  be  successful 
must  consist  of  what  Hamlet  so  well  describes  as  "pic- 
tures in  little;"  while  the  want  of  some  short  biogra- 
phies to  accompany  the  portraits,  with  which  everybody's 
Album  is  now  filled,  has  long  been  felt.  lu  the  work 
before  us,  Mr.  Lovell  Reeve  combines  the  two  desiderata. 
The  first  two  parts  contain  excellent  portraits  of  Lord 
Stanhope  and  Thackeray,  who  represent  the  men  of  emi- 
nence in  literature;  while  the  department  of  science  is 
as  fitly  represented'  by  Sir  C.  Lyell  and  Sir  R.  Murchi- 
son,  and  that  of  art  by  Foley  and  David  Roberts.  The 
biographical  memoirs  are  short,  and  to  the  point ;  and  if 
the  work  continues  to  be  carried  on  in  the  spirit  in  which 
it  is  commenced,  it  can  scarcely  fail  to  be  a  very  popular 
one. 

The  Races  of  the  Old  World.    A  Manual  of  Ethnology. 

By  Charles  L.  Brace.    (Murray.) 

One  glance  at  the  extensive  list  of  authorities  appended 
to  Mr.  Brace's  volume,  sufficiently  justifies  his  remark, 
that  the  facts  in  ethnology  are  scattered  through  such  a 
number  of  varied  works,  that  it  is  impossible  to  take  a 
thorough  survey  of  the  subject  without  a  vast  deal  of 
labour.  It  is  the  object  of  the  work  before  us  to  abridge 
that  labour,  and  to  furnish  the  large  number  of  persons 
who  are  interested  in  the  study  of  history,  whether  in 
academies  or  colleges,  or  among  people  of  business  and 
professions,  in  a  brief  and  clear  form ;  with  the  latest  and 
most  trustworthy  results  of  scholarship  and  scientific  in- 
vestigation, bearing  on  the  question  of  races.  The  manual 
treats,  first,  of  the  leading  races  in  the  earliest  historical 
period  ;  secondly,  of  the  primitive  races  in  Europe ;  thirdly, 
of  the  leading  races  of  Asia  in  the  Middle  Ages ;  fourthly, 
of  the  modern  ethnology  of  Asia ;  fifthly,  of  oceanic  eth- 
nography ;  sixthly,  of  the  ethnology  of  Africa ;  seventhly, 
of  the  races  of  modern  Europe ;  and  lastly,  of  the  anti- 
quity of  man,  and  the  question  of  unity  or  diversity  of 
origin.  The  present  treatise,  which  is  rendered  more 
useful  by  a  very  full  Index,  is  to  be  followed  by  another 
upon  the  "  Races  of  the  New  World." 

Lectures  on  the  History  of  England.  By  William  Long- 
man. Lecture  IV.,  comprising  the  Reign  of  Edward  I. 
A.D.  1272  to  A.D.  1307;  Lecture  V.,  comprising  the 
Reign  of  Edward  II.,  A.D.  1307  to  A.D.  1327.  (Long- 
man.) 

Mr.  Longman  is  a  bold  man  to  venture,  after  enjoying 
the  sweets  of  publishing,  to  encounter  the  pains  and  perils 
of  authorship.  But  boldness  in  this,  as  in  most  other 
cases,  has  been  attended  with  success;  and  those  who 
desire  to  refresh  their  memories  with  the  more  striking 
points  in  the  history  of  England,  have  reason  to  be  thank- 
ful to  the  incumbent  of  Chorleywood  for  inviting  Mr. 


Longman  to  lecture  to  his  agricultural  neighbours.  It  is 
clear  that,  when  the  Lecturer  undertook  the  task,  he  de- 
termined to  discharge  it  in  a  satisfactory  manner.  The 
facts  have  been  collected  with  diligence  and  judgment, 
and  the  story  is  told  in  good  plain  intelligible  English ; 
and  we  are  very  glad  that  the  good  sense  of  the  Chorley- 
wood audience  showed  such  an  appreciation  of  Mr.  Long- 
man's labours  as  to  induce  him  to  revise  and  publish 
them. 

Worcester    and    Worcestershire    Antiquities.      Descriptive 
Catalogue  of  the  Museum  formed  at   Worcester  during 
the  Meeting  of  the  Archceological  Institute  of  Great  Bri 
tain  and  Ireland  in  1862.     (Worcester:  Deighton  & 
Son.) 

Those  who  had  not  the  good  fortune  to  be  at  Worcester 
will  find  in  this  Catalogue  of  the  Museum  there  formed, 
some  idea  of  the  loss  they  thus  sustained.  The  Collec- 
tion was  one  of  special  interest  for  its  richness  in  objects 
of  local  interest ;  and  antiquaries  generally  are  greatty 
indebted  to  Mr.  Way  and  his  Worcestershire  friends,  first, 
for  forming  so  interesting  a  Collection,  and  next,  for 
giving  us  so  good  an  account  of  it. 

THE  RECONNOITEKER. — We  have  received  from  Messrs. 
Salom  one  of  the  extraordinarily  cheap  and  excellent 
glasses  sold  by  them  under  this  title.  We  have  tested  it 
very  strictly,  and  find  it  as  good  as  it  is  cheap.  It  is 
powerful,  sharp,  and  distinct.  What  intending  tourist, 
who  has  not  a  good  glass,  will  now  start  without  one, 
when  half  a  sovereign  will  make  him  master  of  such  an 
indispensable  companion  to  a  pleasure  trip  ? 


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THE  RECORD  OF  THE  HOUSE  OF  GOURNAY. 

JACOB  BEHMEN'S  WOHKS.    4  Vols»4to. 

BRYDGE'S  BRITISH  BIBLIOGRAPHER.    4  Vols. 

CENSUKA  LITERAKIA.    10  Vols. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  R.  Simpson,  10,  King  William  Street, 
Charing  Cross,  W.C. 


ta 

Archbishop  Leighton's  Library  at  Dumblane,  The  "  Faerie  Queenc  " 
Unveiled  (Letter  II.),  Mr.  Ferrey's  paper  on  The  Traitor's  Gate,  Tower 
of  London,  Ring  Mottoes,  The  Knights  Hospitallers,  and  other  interest- 
ing papers  are  unavoidably  postponed  until  next  week. 

C.    Received 

F.  R.  R.  (Milnrow)  has  our  lest  thanks. 

C.  M.  Q.  The  Earls  of  Moray  appear  to  have  descended  from  the 
Royal  House  of  Stuart.  See  Douglas's  Peerage,  ii.  255:  and  Bvrke's 
Peerage,  1863,  p.  750. 

G.  P.  L.    Only  a  second  part  of  The  Book  of  Entertaining  Know- 
ledge wns  published,  containing  Religions  Sects  and  Ceremonies,  and 
the  Habitations  of  Man. 

F.  MEWBORN.  The  most  convenient  work  to  consult  on  the  Roman 
Roads  is  Richard  ofCirencester  on  the  Ancient  State  of  Britain,  reprinted 
in  Bohn's  Antiquarian  Library. 

ERRATA — 3rd  S.  iv.  p.  34,  col.  ii.  line  1,  fur  "  Davidson  "  read  "  Davi- 
son;"  line  48  after  "  afforded  me,"  add  "  at  the  end  of  the  first  week; " 
p.  35,  col.  ii.  line  2,  for  "  allusions  "  read "  allusion;"  line  34,/or  "  bid  " 
read  "  bed." 

"NOTES  AND  QOERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  rtirect  from  the  Publishers  (.including  the  Half- 
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favour  of  MESSRS.  BELL  A.ND  DALDY,  186,  FLEET  STHKET,  B.C.,  to  whom 
all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THB  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


Full  benefit  of  reduced  duty  obtained  by  purchasing  Horniman's  Pure 
Tea;  very  choice  at  3s.  id.  and  Is.  "High  Standard"  at  4s.  4d.  (for- 
merly 4s.  8d.),  is  the  strongest  and  most  delicious  imported.  Agents  in 
every  town  supply  it  in  Packets. 


3'd  g.  IV.  JULY  18,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

V?      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIEF  OFFICES  :  3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET.  LONDON,  and 
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Directors. 

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Actuary.— Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

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afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONOS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
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Now  ready,  price  14*. 

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on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
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London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


OSTEO      EXDON1. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

pABRIEL'S     SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventious  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs.  / 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 

27,  Harley  Street. Cavendish  Square,  and 34, Ludgate  Hill,  London; 
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Consultations  gratis.  For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "  Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth.' '  Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  sec,  warranted. 


JC.  and  J.  FIELD,  Original  Manufacturers  (in 
•  England)  of  PARAFFINE  CANDLES,  to  whom  the  prize 
medal  (.1862)  has  been  awarded,  and  their  Candles  adopted  by  her 
Majesty  s  Government  for  use  at  the  Military  Stations  abroad.  These 
Candles  can  be  obtained  of  all  Chandlers  and  Grocers  in  the  United 
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Exportation,  Upper  Marsh,  Lambeth,  London,  S. 

Now  ready,  18mo,  coloured  wrapper,  Post  Free,  6d. 

AN    GOUT    AND    RHEUMATISM.     A  new 

\J  work,  by  DR.  LAV1LLE  of  the  Faculty  of  Medicine,  Paris,  ex- 
hl  «nn£  a  l??rheStly  ?!W)  certain.  and  safe  method  of  cure.  Translated 
by  an  English  Practitioner. 

London:  FRAS.  NEWBERY  &  SONS,  45,  St.  Paul's  Church  Yard. 


TTOLLOWAY'S  P I L  L  S.  -  DESIRABILITY  OF 
m^^-^K^^^^^^^w^^ 

have  long  been  noted  tor  purifying  the  blood,  promoting  apatite  as 
Bistrag  digestion,  and  creating  regularity  throughout  the  body.  They 
are  a  help  to  the  sick,  a  comfort  to  the  weak,  and  a  solace  to  the  pained^ 
theses ^rU?  T  Wvh  advanta?e  in  U!e  8li*htest  indisposition,  and 
mpdWnn  h.  ,  "?£••  *FeW  cun  es"'mte  the  great  blessings  Holloway's 
medicine  has  or  thirty  years  conferred  upon  mankind.  The  Pills  are 
caSe°n0v0iolPnetfaUe1  !>.dsam..  which  act  kindly  on  every  organ,  and 
anclto  the  public.  °n8  »y»tem -»  fact  of  immense  import- 


THE    LIVERPOOL     AND    LONDON 
FIRE  AND  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 
Established  in  1836 — Empowered  by  Special  Acts  of  Parliament. 
OFFICES  :_1,  Dale  Street,  Liverpool;  20  and  21,  Poultry  London,  B.C. 
The  ANNUAL  REPORT  for  the  past  year  shows  the  following 
results— which  evidence  the  progress  and  position  of  the  Company. 

ACCUMULATED  FUNDS  £1,417,808  8s.  4d. 

Annual  Premiums  in  the  Fire  Department        -       -    £436,065 

Annual  Premiums  in  the  Life  Department        -       -     £138,703 

The  liability  of  the  Proprietors  is  unlimited. 

SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 

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WINES  OF  FRANCE,  SPAIN,  ETC. 

HEDGES   &   BUTLER  solicit  attention  to  their 
pure 

ST.    TVXiXEir    CLARET, 

at  20s.,  24s.,  30s.,  and  36s.  per  dozen;  La  Rose,  42s.;  Latour,  54s.:  Mar- 
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rrHE    NATURAL    WINES    of   FRANCE.— J. 

L  CAMPBELL,  Wine  Merchant.  158,  Regent  Street,  recommends 
attention  to  the  following  CLARETS,  selected  by  himself  on  the 
Garonne:  —  Vin  de  Bordeaux  (which  greatly  improves  by  keeping  in 
bottle  two  or  three  years),  20s.;  St.  Julien,  22s.;  La  Rose,  26s.;  St. 
Estephe,  36s.;  St.  Emilion,  42s.;  Haut  Brion,  48s.;  Lafitte,  Latour, 
and  Chateau  Margaux,  60s.  to  84s.  per  dozen.  J.  C.'s  experience  and 
known  reputation  for  French  wines  will  be  some  guarantee  for  the 
soundness  of  the  wine  quoted  at  20s.  per  dozen — Note.  Burgundies  from 
36s.  to  54s.;  Chablis,  26s.  and  30s.  per  dozen.  E.  Clicquot's  finest  Cham- 
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dressed  JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 


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FRY'S 

ICELAND     MOSS     COCOA, 
In  1  Ib.,  Jib.,  and  }lb.  packets. 

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J.  S.  FRY  &  SONS,  Bristol  and  London. 


SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERKINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PEttRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOB.  LEA  AND  PEBRINS'  SAUCE. 

**»  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester ; 
MESSRS.  CROS8E  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS,  London,  &c.,  &c. ;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  umvenally. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  IV.  JULY  18,  '63. 


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English,  Irish,  and  Scottish  History. 

"Remember"  of  Charles  I— Landing  of  Prince  of  Orange— Gun 
powder  Plot  Papers— Earthquakes  in  England— Trial  of  Spence 
Cowper— Prophecies  respecting  Crimean  War — The  Mancetter  Mar 
tyrs— Irish  Topography— Oxford  in  1698— Apprehension  of  Bothwel 
—Dying  Speeches  of  the  Regicides— National  Colour  of  Ireland. 

Biography. 

Old  Countess  of  Desmond-Edmund  Burke— William  Oldys— New- 
ton's Home  in  1727— Dr.  John  Hewett  — Neil  Douglas  —  Sebastian 
Cabot— John  Milton— Lady  Vane — Praise  God  Barebones — Matthew 
Wasbrough  and  the  Steam  Engine  —  Patrick  Ruthven  —  Thomai 
Simon— Admiral  Blake. 

Bibliography  and  literary  History. 

Dean  Swift  and  the  Scriblerians— Archbishop  Leighton's  Library  al 
Dunblane— Registers  of  the  Stationers'  Company— Michael  Scott'i 
Writingson  Astronomy — Caricatures  and  Satirical  Prints — Shelley's 
"Laon  and  Cythna  "  — Mathematical  Bibliography  —  Army  and 
Navy  Lists— Age  of  Newspapers— Oswen,  the  Worcester  Printer — 
Bishop  Coverdale's  Bible— Erasmus  and  Ulrica  Hutten— Anna  Seward 
— George  Harding — London  Libraries — Music  Etonenses. 

Popular  Antiquities  and  Folk  lore. 

Hampshire  Mummers  —  Mysteries  —  The  Egg  a  Symbol — King  Plays 
— Lucky  and  Unlucky  Days  —  Touching  for  the  King's  Evil — Four- 
bladed  Clover— North  Devonshire  Folk  Lore  —Customs  in  the  County 
ofWexford. 

Ballads  and  Old  Poetry. 

Beare's  Political  Ballads,  &c — The  Sonnets  of  Shakspeare— Turgot, 
Chatterton,  and  the  Rowley  Poems— Tancred  and  Gismund— Thomas 
Rowley  —  Shakspeariana  —  New  Version  of  Old  Scotch  Ballads. 

Popular  and  Proverbial  Sayings. 

Blue  and  Buff— Green  Sleeves—  Brown  Study—  God's  Providence  — 
Cutting  off  with  a  Shilling  — A  Brace  of  Shakes— How  many  Beans 
make  Five. 

Philology. 

Getlin— Isabella  and  Elizabeth— Derivation  of  Club— Congers  and 
Mackerel  —  Oriental  Words  in  England  —  Names  of  Plants. 

Genealogy  and  Heraldry. 

The  House  of  Fala  Hall  —  Cotgreave  Forgeries  —  Prince  Albert  and 
an  Order  of  Merit  —  Somersetshire  Wills  —  The  Carylls  of  Harting  — 
Dacre  of  the  North— Parraviciui  Family  —  Sabrtontall  Family  — 
Bend  Sinister. 

Fine   Arts. 

Portraits  of  Archbishop  Cranmer-Fliccius— Portraits  of  Old  Countess 
of  Desmond— Turner's  Early  Days. 

Ecclesiastical  History. 

Early  Editions  of  Jeremy  Taylor's  Great  Exemplar— Prophecies  of 
St.  Malachi  — Nonjuring  Consecrations  and  Ordinations  —  Fridays, 
Saints'  Days,  and  Fasting  Days— Lambeth  Degrees. 

Topography. 

Standgate  Hole— Newton's  House  in  1727— Knaves'  Acre— Wells  City 
Seals,  &c — Statue  of  George  I.  in  Leicester  Square— Tabard  Inn. 

Miscellaneous  Notes,  Queries,  and  Replies. 

Judges  who  have  been  Highwaymen  —  American  Standard  and  New 
England  Flag  — Dutch  Paper  Trade  —  Lambeth  Degrees  -  Centena- 
rians —  Old  Witticisms  reproduced-  Modern  Astrology  —  Coster  Fes- 
tival at  Harlem— Mutilation  of  Sepulchral  Monuments. 

5  BELL  &  DALDY,  186,  FLEET  STREET,  E.C., 
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Containing,  in  addition  to  a  great  variety  of  Notes,  Queries,  and 
Replies,  long  Articles  on  the  following  Subjects:  — 

English,  Irish,  and  Scottish  History. 

Accession  of  Henry  VI — Napoleon's  Escape  from  Elba — Execution 
of  Argyle—Duke  of  Wellington  and  Lady  Holland— Henry  VIII. 's 
Impress  at  Field  of  Cloth  of  Gold—Marquess  of  Anglesey's  Leg- 
Satirical  Print  against  Lord  Bolingbroke— Scots'  Privileges  in  France 
—  The  Scottish  Aceldama. 

Biography. 

Mr.  Justice  Heath—William  Strode— Sir  Isaac  Newton— Clohir  and 
Edmund  Burke -Burke  and  Beaconsfleld— Richard  Baxter— Bishop 

Juxon — Henry    Muddiman— Gabriel   Naud£— Eva  Maria  Garrick 

Galileo    and  his  Telescope— Bishop  Porteus   and  George  III De 

Coster,  the  Waterloo  Guide— Harrison  the  Regicide. 

Bibliography  and  literary  History. 

Coverdale's  liible— Dean  Swift  and  Dr.  Wagstaffe— Registers  of  Sta- 
tioners' Company— Pindar,  Hallam,  and  Byron— Oldys's  Notes  on 
Milton— Unpublished  MSS.  of  W.  Fiske -Richard  Savage's  Impos- 
tures—Dr.  Johnson  on  Punning — Leicester  Town  Library— Notes  on 
Lowndes'  Bibliographer's  Manual— Antiquity  of  Scottish  Newspapers 
— Record  Commission  Publications— Mathematical  Bibliography. 

Popular  Antiquities  and  Folk  lore. 

North  Devonshire  Folk  Lore— Christmas  Carol— Bird,  omen  of 
Death— Gloves-Turnspit  Dogs— Whittington  and  his  Cat— Net- 
County  Feasts— The  Rod  in  the  Middle  Ages— St.  Cecilia,  the  Patro- 
ness of  Music— King  Alfred's  Jewel— Oxfordshire,  Lancashire,  and 
Aberdeenshire  Folk  Lore. 

Ballads,  Old  Poetry,  &c. 

Ballad  of  Sir  James  the  Rose  —  Inedited  Lines  by  Dryden  —  Illus- 
trations of  Fhakspeare  and  Chaucer  —  Songs  of  Joseph  Mather  — 
Poems  by  Earl  of  Bristol  and  Duke  of  Buckingham  — Drayton's 
Endymion. 

Popular  and  Proverbial  Sayings. 

Ods-bobs  and  Buttercups  —  After  Meat,  Mustard— Antrim  Proverbs 
—Eating  the  Mad  Cow  —  Congleton  Bible  and  Bear  —  Roundheads. 

Philology. 

Words  derived  from  Proper  Names  — Tyre  and  Retyre  —  Kaynard 
and  Canard  — Faroe  and  F airfield. 

Genealogy  and  Heraldry. 

Families  of  Field  and  De  la  Field— Curious  Characters  in  Lcgh's 
Accidence— St.  Leger  Family— De  1'Isle  or  De  Insula  Family  — 
Family  of  the  Bowles  —  Mutilation  of  Monuments  —  Letters  on 
Heraldry  —  Wyndham  Family. 

Fine  Arts. 

Turner  and  Lawrence  — Statue  of  George  I.  —  Pictures  of  the  Great 
Earl  of  Leicester  — Picture  of  Paley. 

Ecclesiastical  History. 

Cardinal's  Cap— Rood  Lofts  — Marrow  Controversy  —  The  Name  of 
Jesus  — Bishops  in  Waiting  — Early  MSS.  of  the  Scriptures  —  Com- 
plutensian  Polyglot. 

Topography. 

Great  Tom  of  Oxford— Jerusalem  Chamber  —  Sonthwark  or  St. 
George's  Bar— Pole  Fair  at  Corby — Essex  Clergymen— Lord  Mayor's 
Diamond  Sceptre. 

Miscellaneous  Notes,  Queries,  and  Replies. 

Written  Tree  of  Thibet  —  Society  of  Sea  Serjeants  —  Shakspeare 
Music  —  Armour-clad  Ships  —  Centenarianism  —  Lists  of  American 
Cents—  Wills  at  the  Court  of  Probate  —  Printed  Wills. 


BELL  &  DALDY,  186,  FLEET  STREET,  E.C. 
And  by  order  of  all  Booksellers  and  Newsmen. 


3' A  S.  IV.  JULY  25,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


61 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JULY  25,  1863. 


CONTENTS.— NO.  81. 

NOTES :  —  Hudibrastic  Couplet,  61  —  Archbishop  Leigh- 
ton's  Library  at  Dunblane,  63  —  The  "  Faerie  Queene" 
Unveiled,  65  — Traitor's  Gate,  Tower  of  London,  66. 

MINOR  NOTES  :  —  Curious  Anachronism  by  an  Old  Drama- 
tist —  Errata  in  King's  "  Life  or  Locke  "  —  Rolling  the  R's 
—  Letters  of  Marque  —  A  Niece  of  Oliver  Goldsmith,  67. 

QUERIES :— Apparitions,  68  —  "  Boadicea  "  —  Robert  Burns 
and  George  the  Fourth  —  Catherine  de  Medicis  —  Cow- 
thorpe  Oak,  near  Wetherby,  Yorkshire  —  German  Drama 
— Heraldic  Queries  —  Cardinal  Howard  —  Johnstone  the 
Freemason  —  Longevity  of  Incumbents  —  "Macbeth"  — 
Morrison's  Crystal  —  Thomas,  Duke  of  Norfolk  —  Elijah 
Ridings  —  St.  Germain  —  Sugar-tongs  like  a  Stork,  69. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS: — Radnorshire  Rhyme  —  Jacob's 
Staff  —  Agricola's  Victory,  —  Sandtoft  Register  —  Cock- 
pit, 70. 

REPLIES:—  Wonderful  Animal,  71  —Miss  Vane:  "Dis- 
appointed Love,"  72  —  Gu6rin  de  Montaigu,  Ib.  —  Exche- 
quer :  or  Exchecquer —  Cheque,  73  —  Horse  Police  —  Theo- 
dolite —  Yealand  and  Ashton  —  Mayors'  Robes  —  Monu- 
mental Brass  —  "Virgini  Pariturae" — Bridport,  &c. — 
"Old  Dominion"  —  Law  of  Lauriston  —  Queen  Isabella, 
"  the  Catholic  "  —  Rev.  John  Sampson  —  Death  of  the  Czar 
Nicholas  —  Daffy's  Elixir  —  Ralegh  Arms  —  St.  Tuste  — 
Walsall-legged  — Earldom  of  Errol— "  Miller  of  the  Dee" 
—Richard  Westbrook  Baker,  74. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


ftate*. 

HUDIBRASTIC  COUPLET. 
It  was  in  the  autumnal  month  of  August,  1784, 
as  the  story  goes,  that  some  wits  over  their  wine 
at  Brooks's  Club  House  in  St.  James's  Street, 
were  found  wrangling  among  themselves  respect- 
ing the  authorship  of  the  famed  couplet :  — 

"  For  he  who  fights  and  runs  away 
May  live  to  fight  another  day." 

A  wager  of  twenty  to  one  was  offered  that  the 
lines  would  be  found  in  that  inimitable  produc- 
tion, Butler's  Hudibras.  Pendente  lite,  they  agreed 
that  James  Dodsley,  the  bookseller,  should  be 
the  arbiter.  The  worthy  bibliopole,  on  being 
summoned,  felt  somewhat  ruffled  in  temper  on 
leaving  his  business  to  decide  a  point  which,  to 
his  own  satisfaction  at  least,  did  not  admit  of  any 
question.  "  Every  fool,"  said  he,  "  knows  that 
they  are  in  Hudibras ; "  so  true  is  it  that  men  are 
too  apt  to  be  mistaken  in  the  exact  proportion  as 
they  are  positive.  George  Selwyn,  who  happened 
to  be  one  of  the  dissentients,  coolly  replied,  "  Will 
you  be  good  enough  then  to  inform  an  old  fool, 
who  is  at  the  same  time  your  wise  worship's  most 
humble  servant,  in  what  canto  they  are  to  be 
found  ?  "  Dodsley,  feeling  confident  that  he  was 
right,  immediately  opened  the  volume,  but  un- 
luckily for  himself  could  not  discover  the  required 
passage  in  it.  After  passing  a  tedious  night  in 
the  pursuit  of  the  pugnacious  fugitive,  he  was  at 
last  compelled  to  confess,  "  that  a  man  might  be 


ignorant  of  the  author  without  being  absolutely  a 
fool." 

Nevertheless,  as  we  shall  find,  Dodsley  was 
more  to  be  excused  than  censured  for  his  authori- 
tative averment.  He  never  dreamt  for  a  moment, 
good  soul,  that  any  one  would  have  the  presump- 
tion to  interpolate  the  text  of  Butler  with  the 
lines  in  dispute,  as  unquestionably  had  been  the 
case.  A  literary  fraud  had  however  been  played 
off  upon  him,  and  the  public  generally,  and  that 
too  by  one  of  his  own  former  associates  — 

"  Who  wrote  like  an  angel,  but  talk'd  like  poor  Poll." 

It  was  in  the  year  1762  that  John  Newbery 
first  published  a  valuable  collection,  entitled 

"  THE  ART  OF  POETRY  ON  A  NEW  PLAN  :  illustrated 
with  a  great  Variety  of  Examples  from  the  best  English 
Poets ;  and  of  Translations  from  the  Ancients :  together 
with  such  Reflections  and  Critical  Remarks  as  may  tend 
to  form  in  our  Youth  an  elegant  Taste,  and  render  the 
Study  of  this  part  of  the  Belles  Lettres  more  rational  and 
pleasing."  London,  2  vols.  12mo.  1762. 

This  work  is  admirably  calculated  to  lead  the 
youthful  mind  to  an  acquaintance  with  the  writings 
of  the  best  English  poets,  and  appears  to  have 
been  well  received  by  the  public  ;  for  at  least  four 
editions,  with  different  title-pages,  were  published 
between  the  years  1762  and  1776.*  In  its  com- 
pilation a  sound  judgment  was  displayed  in  the 
selection  of  the  choicest  passages  from  each  author; 
whilst  in  the  rules  and  observations  which  accom- 
pany them,  the  pen  of  a  poetical  genius  of  no  or- 
dinary ability  is  clearly  to  be  traced. 

The  selection  of  the  metrical  specimens  has 
always  been  attributed  to  John  Newbery ;  but 
for  their  revision  and  alterations  we  are  indebted 
to  the  critical  taste  of  Oliver  Goldsmith,  as  he 
himself  acknowledged  to  Dr.  Percy.f  In  the 
perusal  of  the  examples  from  the  works  of  our 
poets,  the  reader,  naturally  enough,  would  infer 
that  the  extracts  had  been  made  in  good  faith, 


*  The  Second  Edition  I  have  not  been  able  to  trace. 
The  Third  and  Fourth  are  clearly  abridgments,  with 
considerable  variations,  but  both  contain  the  passage  from 
Hudtbras.  These  are  entitled : 

"  Poetry  made  Familiar  and  Easy  to  Young  Gentlemen 
and  Ladies,  and  embellished  with  a  great  variety  of  the 
most  shining  Epigrams,  Epitaphs,  Songs,  Odes,  Pastorals, 
&c.  from  the  best  Authors.  Being  the  Fourth  Volume  of 
The  Circle  of  the  Seasons.  Published  by  the  King's 
Authority.  Third  Edition,  London :  Printed  for  New- 
bery and  Carnan,  No.  65,  the  north  side  of  St.  Paul's 
Churchyard.  1769."  32mo,  pp.  224. 

"  Logic,  Ontology,  and  the  Art  of  Poetry ;  being  the 
Fourth  and  Fifth  Volumes  of  The  Circle  of  the  Sciences, 
considerably  enlarged,  and  greatly  improved.  London, 
Printed  for  T.  Carnan  and  F.  Newbery,  jun.  at  No.  65  in 
St.  Paul's  Churchyard,  1776,  12mo." 

t  Prior's  Life  of  Goldsmith,  i.  389 ;  Forster's  Life  of 
Goldsmith,  i.  298,  edit.  1854. 


62 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3'd  S.  IV.  J0LY  25,  '63. 


ipsissima  verba,  especially  as  not  the  least  intima- 
tion is  given,  either  in  Newberry's  Dedication  to 
the  Earl  of  Holderness  or  in  his  Advertisement 
to  the  Reader,  of  any  variorum  readings. 

Part  III.  of  Butler's  Hudibras  was  first  printed 
in  1678.     In  canto  iii.  lines  241—246  of  that  edi- 
tion, Ralph  and  his  Quixotic  superior,  having  been 
unhorsed  and  beaten,  very  prudently  refrain  from 
another  encounter,  but  resolve  — 
"  To  make  an  honourable  retreat, 
And  wave  a  total  sure  defeat ; 
For  those  who  fly  may  fight  again, 
Which  he  can  never  do  that's  slain. 
Hence  timely  running's  no  mean  part 
Of  conduct  in  the  martial  art." 
The  same  reading  will  be  found  in  the  editions 
of  1684,  1689,  1693,  and  1700.     Goldsmith,  how- 
ever, in  the  A  rt  of  Poetry  on  a  New  Plan,  ii.  1 47,  has 
not  faithfully  copied  the  original  text ;  and  for- 
getting, for  once,  what  Shakspeare  has  taught  us, 
that  "  Brevity  is  the  soul  of  wit,"  has  paraphrased 
a  couplet  into  four  lines.     The  variations  in  the 
following  passage,  as  cited  by  him,  I  have  distin- 
guished by  small  capital  letters :  — 

"  Who  can  forbear  (says  he)  smiling  at  that  sound  and 
salutary  reasoning,  whereby  Squire  Ralpho  demonstrates 
the  prudence  and  advantage  of  a  timely  flight,  rather  than 
staying  to  be  slain  in  battle  ?  It  is  generally  allowed,  that 
a  well  conducted  retreat  is  almost  as  honourable  as  a  vic- 
tory ;  but  perhaps  the  wisdom  of  running  away  from  an 
enemy  was  never  proved  by  such  arguments  as  are  con- 
tained in  the  following  lines :  — 


•  I,  with  reason,  chose 


This  stratagem,  t'amuse  our  foes, 
To  make  an  hon'rable  retreat, 
And  wave  a  total  sure  defeat : 

FOB  HE  WHO   FIGHTS  AND   RUNS  AWAY 
MAY   LIVE   TO   FIGHT  ANOTHER  DAY; 
BUT   HE  WHO  IS   IN  BATTLE   SLAIN 
CAN  NEVER  RISE  AND   FIGHT  AGAIN. 

Hence  timely  running's  no  mean  part 

Of  conduct  in  the  martial  art ; 

By  which  some  glorious  feats  atchieve, 

As  citizens,  by  breaking,  thrive ; 

And  cannons  conquer  armies,  while 

They  seem  to  draw  off  and  recoil. 

'Tis  held  the  gallant'st  course  and  bravest, 

To  great  exploits,  as  well  as  safest, 

That  spares  th'  expence  of  time  and  pains, 

And  dang'rous  beating  out  of  brains ; 

And  in  the  end  prevails  as  certain 

As  those  that  never  trust  to  fortune, 

To  make  their  fear  do  execution 

Beyond  the  stoutest  resolution ; 

As  earthquakes  kill  without  a  blow, 

And,  only  trembling,  overthrow. 

If  th'  ancients  crown'd  their  bravest  men 

That  only  sav'd  a  citizen, 


What  victory  could  e'er  be  won, 

If  ev'ry  one  would  save  but  one  ? 

Or  fight  endanger'd  to  be  lost, 

Where  all  resolve  to  save  the  most  ? 

By  this  means,  when  a  battle's  won, 

The  war's  as  far  from  being  done ; 

For  those  that  save'themselves,  and  fly, 

Go  halves,  at  least,  i'  th'  victory ; 

And  sometimes,  when  the  loss  is  small, 

And  danger  great,  they  challenge  all ; 

Print  new  additions  to  their  feats, 

And  emendations  in  gazettes ; 

And  when,  for  furious  haste  to  run, 

They  durst  not  stay  to  fire  a  gun, 

Have  don't  with  bonfires,  and  at  home 

Made  squibs  and  crackers  overcome ; 

To  set  the  rabble  on  a  flame, 

And  keep  their  governors  from  blame, 

Disperse  the  news  the  pulpit  tells, 

Confirm'd  with  fire-works  and  with  bells : 

And  tho'  reduc'd  to  that  extreme 

They  have  been  forc'd  to  sing  Te  Deum, 

Yet  with  religious  blasphemy, 

By  flatt'ring  heaven  with  a  lie, 

And,  for  their  beating,  giving  thanks, 

They've  rais'd  recruits,  and  till'd  their  banks : 

For  those  who  run  from  th'  enemy 

Engage  them  equally  to  fly ; 

And  when  the  fight  becomes  a  chace, 

Those  win  the  day  that  win  the  race. 
But  it  is  time  to  have  done ;  for  to  select  all  the  beautiful 
passages  of  this  inimitable  poem,  AVC  should  be  obliged  to 
transcribe  almost  the  whole." 

To  most  readers  it  is  well  known  that  the  sen- 
timent conveyed  in  the  above  memorable  lines 
may  be  found  in  the  verse  made  either  by  or  for 
Demosthenes,  as  his  best  apology  for  running 
away  at  the  battle  of  Chaeronea,  and  leaving  his 
shield  behind  him ;  and  which  sentiment  subse- 
quently was  adopted  by  Aulus'  Gellius,  Erasmus, 
Jeremy  Taylor,  and  by  the  author  of  the  Satyre 
Menippee,  1594. 

Since  the  publication  of  Lowndes's  Bibliogra- 
pher s  Manual  in  1834,  where  it  is  stated  that 
these  lines  occur  in  the  Musarum  Delicice,  p.  101, 
ed.  1656,  our  literary  antiquaries  have  comfortably 
consoled  themselves  with  the  idea  that  Sir  John 
Mennis  was  the  author  of  them ;  but  although 
most  of  our  public  and  private  libraries  have  been 
carefully  searched  with  the  lantern  of  Diogenes, 
no  copy  as  yet  has  been  discovered  containing 
them.  To  get  over  the  difficulty,  the  editor  of  the 
new  edition  of  Lowndes  tells  us  (p.  1535)  that 
"  in  some  copies  a  cancelled  leaf  (reprinted  in  the 
new  edition)  is  found,  in  which  are  the  lines;" 
but  he  has  not  informed  us  that,  during  his  long 
experience  in  literature,  the  original  leaf  had 
either  been  seen  by  himself  or  by  any  one  else. 

Goldsmith  died  in  1774,  just  ten  years  before 


3>'d  S.  IV.  JULY  25,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


63 


the  inquiry  was  started  respecting  the  origin  of 
this  familiar  couplet.  Great,  indeed,  would  have 
been  the  saving  of  ink  and  paper,  not  only  in  the 
European  and  Gentleman  s  Magazines,  but  in  the 
Two  Series  of  Notes  and  Queries,  had  poor  Goldy 
been  permitted,  in  the  visible  order  of  things,  to 
Lave  made  one  of  the  literary  gathering  at  Brooks's 
Club,  when  doubtless  he  would  have  humbly 
confessed,  that  during  a  convenient  temporary 
seclusion  with  his  friend  Newbery  in  Canonbury 
Tower  he  had  unwittingly  penned  these  celebrated 
lines,  the  authorship  of  which,  for  eighty  long 
years,  has  baffled  the  researches,  and  puzzled  the 
ingenuity  of  the  whole  literary  brotherhood. 

J.  YEOWELI-. 
4,  Minerva  Terrace,  Barnsbur}'. 


ARCHBISHOP  LEIGHTON'S  LIBRARY  AT  DUN- 
BLANE. 

On  the  17th  of  last  September  I  paid  another 
visit  to  Dunblane,  and  spent  three  weeks  there, 
during  which  time  I  made  a  catalogue  of  Arch- 
bishop Leighton's  books,  and  took  copious  ex- 
tracts from  his  fly-leaf  memoranda.  The  catalogue 
is  ready  for  the  press,  but  I  have  given  up  the 
intention  intimated  in  a  former  paper  ("N.  &  Q." 
3rd  S.  i.  6)  of  publishing  it  in  a  separate  volume, 
as  it  seems  more  desirable  to  include  it  in  my 
forthcoming  edition  of  the  works.  In  the  cata- 
logue the  lost  books  are  denoted  by  italics,  and 
every  book  containing  any  of  Leighton's  writing 
is  marked  by  an  obelisk  (f )  prefixed,  or  by  two 
when  there  is  much  writing.  A  few  illustrative 
notes  are  appended  to  the  rarer  arid  more  remark- 
able books. 

I  am  happy  to  say  that  but  one  hundred  of  the 
archbishop's  books  have  been  lost,  and  these  in- 
clude pamphlets  and  small  works  ;  besides,  there 
are  some  twenty-four  odd  volumes  missing.  Oi 
these  hundred  works,  but  sixteen  were  lost  during 
the  fifty  years  that  elapsed  between  1793  and 
1843,  when  the  two  catalogues  were  respectively 
printed;  *  and  of  the  odd  volumes  but  two,  viz. 
vols.  iii.  and  vi.  of  S.  Austin's  Works.  The 
books  of  Leighton's  library  now  extant  number 
about  1230 ;  of  these,  206  contain  his  MS.  notes 
and  memorabilia. 

The  following  are  some  of  the  lost  works,  chiefly 
pamphlets,  which  as  yet  I  have  not  been  able  to 
identify  in  any  bibliographical  works  within  reach 
and  therefore  should  be  thankful  for  assistance: — 

1.  La  Vita  di  Leo  Hebr. 

2.  Warning  anent  the  Re g  [sic.  Re-establishing?] 

Scottish  Discipline. 

3.  Confessions  of  the  Protestant  Divines    concerning 

Episcopacy. 

*  I  am  indebted  to  the  kindness  of  Sir  James  Camp- 
bell, Bart.,  one  of  the  Trustees,  for  a  loan  of  the  catalogue 
of  1793,  perhaps  the  only  existing  copy. 


4.  The  Puritan  turned  Jesuit. 

5.  Zeal  Examined. 

6.  Persuasive  to  Moderation  to  Church  Dissenters. 

7.  Account  of  the  Bloodshed  occasioned  by  the  Jesuits. 

8.  Sufferings  of  the  Protestant  Ministers  in  Hungary. 

9.  Lex  Talionis. 

10.  Five  Pence. 

11.  Marionis  Enchiridion  Loc.  Com.  Theol. 

12.  Mayerus  de  Vulneribus  Ecclesia  Romanae. 

13.  Apuleius  Castigated. 

14.  La   Sylvie  Tragicum  Pastorale  [by  Jean  Mairet, 

1621?] 

15.  Les  Bergeries  de  Maistre. 

16.  Thorndike's  Way  of  Composing  Differences. 

With  regard  to  the  first,  all  I  know  is,  that  Leo, 
or  Leone,  was  an  Italian  Jew,  a  physician  by  pro- 
fession, who  became  a  Christian,  and  published 
some  mystical  Dialogi  di  Amore  at  Home  in  1535, 
frequently  reprinted  and  translated.  His  Life 
must  be  a  book  of  extreme  rarity.  Some  writers 
say  that  his  real,  or  original,  name  was  Rabbi  Judah 
Abarbanel ;  if  so,  probably  a  relative  of  the  cele- 
brated E,.  Isaac  Abarbanel,  who  died  at  Venice  in 
1508.  Brunet,  amongst  others,  calls  him  Abar- 
banel. 

No.  2  seems  connected  with  the  following  pam- 
phlet :  — 

"  Letters  from  Several  Ministers  in  and  about  Edin- 
burgh to  the. Ministers  of  London,  concerning  the  Re- 
establishing of  the  Covenant.  Edinb.  1659,"  4to. 

No.  4  is,  no  doubt,  Dr.  John  Owen's  treatise, 
The  Puritan  turned  Jesuit,  Lond.  1643,  4to.  I 
should  be  glad,  however,  to  get  some  notion  of 
the  scope  of  this  attack  on  his  "Puritan"  brethren 
by  the  great  Independent  divine? 

One  of  Leighton's  books  is  entitled  Minus  Celsus 
Senensis  de  Herelicis  Capitali  Supplicio  non  Affi- 
ciendis,  s.  1.  1584,  12mo.  Is  not  the  name  fictitious, 
and  was  not  this  book  really  written  by  the  cele- 
brated Hungarian  Bishop,  Andrew  Dudith? 

Did  the  great  Port-Royalist,  Antoine  Arnauld, 
write  La  Tradition  de  VEglise  touchaut  VEucha- 
ristie,  2  vols.  8vo,  Paris,  1659  ?  He  did  write 
a  supplement  to  it,  entitled  Table  Historique  des 
SS.  Peres,  #c.,  dont  les  passages  sont  compris  dans 
I'ouvrage  intitule,  Tradition  de  VEglise  sur  VEu- 
charistie. 

Leighton  had  a  great  reverence  for  one  whose 
character  and  career  in  many  respects  strikingly 
resembled  his  own,  the  pious  Dom  Barthelemy  des 
Martyrs,  Archbishop  of  Braga.  He  often  recom- 
mended the  Stimulus  Pastorum  of  the  Portuguese 
prelate,  and  used  to  lament  that  he  never  could 
get  a  copy  of  the  original  Latin,  but  was  obliged 
to  be  content  with  the  French  version,  now  in  the 
library.  Will  some  one  kindly  inform  me  respect- 
ing the  first  and  chief  subsequent  editions  of  this 
book  so  much  prized  by  Leighton  ?  The  Vie  de 
D.  Barthelemy  has  been  attributed  to  each  of  the 
celebrated  brothers,  Antoine  and  Louis  Isaac  Le 
Maistre,  but  is  said  to  have  been  really  written  by 
Thomas  Du  Fosse.  What  is  known  of  Du  Fosse  ? 


64 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


'd  S.  IV.  JULY  25,  '63. 


Is  it  known  who  wrote  the  curious  Galilean 
treatise,  entitled :  — 

"  Moyens  Surs  et  Honnetes  pour  la  Conversion  de.  tons 
les  Heretiques.  Et  Avis  et  Expediens  Salutaires  pour  la 
Reformation  de  1'Eglise,  2  vols.  12mo.  Cologne,  1681  ?  "* 

Archbishop  Wake  translated  it  in  1688.  Leigh- 
ton  has  written  in  the  fly-leaves  a  long  note  in 
French,  which  begins :  — 

"  II  faut  confesser  que  dans  ce  Traits'  il  y  a  beaucoup 
de  verite's  franchies  et  hardies,  Pautheur  estant  de  la 
Communion  Romaine:  mais  c'est  chose  etrange  qu'un 
homme  de  si  bons  sens  s'attache  tant  a  une  fantaisie 
chimerique  que  de  s'imaginer  une  Separation  de  la  Pa- 
paute'  sans  se  separer  de  1'Eglise  Romaine,  ces  deux  estant 
la  mesme  chose,  ou  bien  inseparablement  liees  ensemble," 
&c. 

What  is  the  Blackloan  Heresy  which  forms  the 
subject  of  Lomini's  Blackloance  Hceresis  Historia 
et  Confutatio,  4to,  Gand,  1675.f 

Who  was  the  Bishop  of  Puy  that  wrote  Instruc- 
tion Pastorale  sur  la  pretendue  Philosophic  des 
Incredules  Modemes,  2  vols.  12mo,  1674  ?  And 
who  are  the  Incredules  Modernes  referred  to  ? 

Who  wrote  IS Inquisizione  Processata,  2  vols. 
12mo.  Colon.  1681  ?  Parrisiastes'  Discourse  of 
Enthusiasme,  1 2mo,  Lond.  1 656  ?  And  The  Chris- 
tian Sacrifice,  a  Treatise  on  the  H.  Communion,  8vo. 
Lond.  1671  ? 

The  following  is  an  extract  from  a  cotemporary 
MS.  account  of  Archbishop  Leighton  now  before 
me:  — 

"  Some  one  was  telling  Leighton  of  a  little  piece  called 
Naked  Truth  Whipt  and  Stript,  as  Mr.  Observator  had 
done  his  Trimmer :  J  •  Truly,'  said  he, '  they  should  rather 
have  clothed  it ; '  adding  that  he  knew  not  what  those 
poor  men  would  have,  but  that  he  would  rather  trim  the 
boat  than  overturn  it.  '  Oh ! '  said  one  who  was  present, 
'  that  man  is  a  mighty  wit.'  '  He  hath  done  great  service,' 
saith  another.  '  Then,  truly,'  replied  Leighton,  '  he  was 
drawn  to  the  dregs  before  we  had  the  hap  to  see  him.'  " 

The  above  is  written  in  a  very  confused  and 
obscure  way.  Will  some  one  better  versed  in 
this  controversy  than  I  am,  kindly  help  to  make  it 
more  intelligible  ?  The  Naked  Truth,  or  the  True 
State  of  the  Primitive  Church  was  (at  least  part 
i.)  written  and  published  anonymously  by  Dr. 
Herbert  Crofts,  Bishop  of  Hereford,  Lond.  1675, 
4to.  The  reprint  1680-1681  in  folio  is  still  ex- 
tant in  a  dilapidated  state  among  Leighton's 
books,  as  also  Dr.  Turner's  Animadversions  upon 
the  same,  Lond.  1676,  4to.  Mr.  Observator,  I 

["  *  II  a  etc  impossible,  suivant  Bayle,  de  decouvrir 
1'auteur  de  cet  ouvrage.  Voyez  ses  GEuvres  Diverges,  t.  ii. 
p.  780." 

t  This  work  was)  written  against  the  Blacklists,  the 
leaders  of  whom  were  Thomas  White,  the  follower  of  Sir 
Kenelm  Digby,  and  John  Sargeant,  the  voluminous  Ro- 
man Catholic  writer.  The  real  author  of  the  book  was 
Peter  Talbot,  the  brother  of  Richard  Talbot,  Duke  of 
Tyrconnel.  See  "  N.  &  Q."  !»*  S.  iv.  239,  240.— ED.] 

J  DORS  this  sentence  mean  "  as  also  of  another  piece 
which  Mr.  Observator  called  The  Trimmer  ?  "  or  have  we 
here  different  parts  of  the  same  title  ? 


suppose,  is  the  redoubted  Sir  Roger  L'Estrange, 
as  editor  of  the  paper  so  called.  Did  he  write 
Naked  Truth  Whipt  and  Stript?  What  is  the 
date,  &c.,  of  his  piece  called  The  Trimmer? 
There  is  a  pamphlet  written  against  L'Estrange,  I 
believe,  entitled  The  Observator  turned  Trimmer, 
Lond.  1685,  folio. 

Leighton  has  written  several  sentences  in  his 
books  from  a  treatise  by  a  certain  Diadochus, 
e.g.:  — 

"  Nihil  ea.  mente  egentius  quse  de  Deo  extra  Deum  phi- 
losophatur."— Diadoch.  De  Sacr.  Sp.  iv.  4. 

"Nemo  nisi  se  valde  submittat,  et  pro  nihilo  ducat, 
potest  de  Dei  magnitudine  enarrare."  —  Ib.  cap.  x. 

The  only  Christian  writer  of  the  name  that  I 
have  met  with  is  Diadochus,  Bishop  of  Photice  in 
Epirus,  circa  A.D.  400.  He  wrote  De  Perfectione 
Spirituali  Capita  Centum,  which  is  given  in  Bibl. 
Max.  Patr.  v.  884.  I  have  not  the  latter  within 
reach  to  refer  to,  but  believe  it  to  be  the  only 
extant  treatise  of  this  Diadochus.  What,  then,  is 
that  which  Leighton  quotes  ?* 

I  should  be  glad  to  have  references  for  the  fol- 
lowing apophthegms  written  in  Leighton's  books: — 

1.  In  necessariis  Unitas,  in  dubiis  Libertas,  in  omnibus 
Caritas. 

2.  In  adiaphoris  Charitas  et  Pax  Ecclesiae  suprema 
Lex. 

3.  Ka\o>s  KpctTfiffOat  Kpeiaffov  tf  VIKOV  KO.KUS. 

4.  Erit  sapiens  in  consortio  eorum  qui  patiuntur,  non 
qui  persequuntur. 

5.  Sufficit  ad  beatitudinem  cognitio  Dei  solius  et  imi- 
tatio. 

6.  Nil  magnum  in  terris  prseter  animum  terrena  sper- 
nentem,  et  sola  spirantem  sperantemque  Cselestia. 

7.  0  Felicitatem  animi  liberi  et  interriti  extra  turpem 
metum  et  caecas  libidines  et  fcp.das  cupiditates  positi ;  cui 
unum  bonum  sit  Deus  et  Voluntas  Divina,  unum  malum 
aversio  a  Deo  et  Divina  Voluntate.!     Hanc  nee  extollent 
fortuita,  nee illegible. 

8.  Sabbatum  sabbatorum  est  requies  animae  in  Deo. 

9.  Optimus  quisque  vir  pessimus  civis  est,  quia  solitu- 
dinem  qua?rens  totus  in  Caalum  contemplatione. 

10.  Quid  est  diu  vivere  nisi  diu  torqueri  ? 

11.  Vivre  c'est  souffrir  et  pecher. 

12.  E77i;s  Kvpiou  ir^prts  fjiOffrlytav. 

13.  Dulce  periculum  est  ....  [  ?]  Deum  sequi. — Hor. 
[Distinctly  written  so,  but  query,  Her.  i.  e.  Hermes?] 

14.  Sit  Oratio  clavis  diei  et  sera  noctis. 

15.  Oratio  sine  distractione   est  summa   intelligentia 
mentis. 

16.  La  Oracion  sin  mortification  es  illusion. 

17.  'fi  Kevfotppoffvvys  airepdi/Tov  \i)pos  airavra. 
'XI  jUoriTjj  fjLavitjs  re  fiporuv. 

*  The  passages  quoted  above  are  by  Diadochus,  Bishop 
of  Photice,  and  will  be  found  in  his  Capita  centum  de 
Perfectione  Spirituali,  reprinted  by  Migne,  Patroloyiw 
cursus  completes,  tome  Ixv.  (of  Series  Graeca),  col.  1167, 
&c.  Translated  from  Greek  into  Latin  by  Fr.  Turrianus, 
a  Jesuit.  At  the  end  of  cap.  vii.  col.  1169:  "Nihil  enim 
egentius  ilia  mente,  quae  de  Deo  extra  Deum  philoscpha- 
tur."  Again,  at  the  end  of  cap.  x.  col.  1170,  "Nemo 
enim,  nisi  sese  valde  submittat,  et  se  pro  nihilo  ducat, 
potent  de  amplitudine  Dei  enarrare." — ED.] 


3*<»  g.  iv.  JULY  25,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


65 


18.  O  Liter*,  Literae,  quam  semper  a  vobis  aliqua  vani- 
tas,  et  quam  illud  hie  verum,  oportere  omnibus  corydali  inesse 
cristam  ! 

This  last  is  written  in  his  copy  of  Erasmus' 
Encomium  Morice,  and  refers  to  some  old  prover- 
bial saying,  in  which  the  Kopv5a\\is  is  applied  as 
we  apply  the  peacock  and  cock's  comb. 

Who  is  the  Capuchin  Mystic  referred  to  in  the 
following  passage  in  one  of  Leigh  ton's  letters  ?  — 

"  I  thank  you  for  the  notice  of  your  Capuchin  ;  but  I 
almost  knew"  that  he  was  not  here  before  I  looked.  It  is 
true  the  variety  of  his  book  refreshes  us,  and  by  the  happy 
wording,  the  same  things  not  only  please,  but  sometimes 
profit  us ;  but  they  tell  us  no  new  thing,  except  it  may  be 
some  such  thing  as,  I  confess,  I  understand  not,  of  Essen- 
tial Unions  and  Sleeps  of  the  Soul ;  which,  because  I  un- 
derstand them  not,  would  rather  disorder  and  hinder  than 
advance  me,"  &c. 

Having  the  above  passage  in  mind,  I  examined 
with  some  care  a  rare  mystical  work  of  Leighton's, 
The  Kingdom  of  God  in  the  Soule,  by  the  R.  Father 
John  Evangelist  of  Balduke,  Capucin,  Maister  of 
the  Novices  in  Louvaine,  but  did  not  meet  with  any 
mention  of  "  Essential  Unions  and  Sleeps  of  the 
Soul."  EIRIONNACH. 


THE  "FAERIE  QUEENE"  UNVEILED.* 


LETTER  II. 


Books  III.  and  IV. — These  two  books,  the  third 
and  fourth,  form  in  reality  only  one  book ;  contain- 
ing only  one  knight's  adventure,  a  poem  of  twenty- 
four  cantos  instead  of  twelve.  On  looking  into 
the  history  of  the  publication  of  the  first  three 
books,  we  find  Kalegh  visited  Ireland  in  the  sum- 
mer of  1589,  and  persuaded  Spenser  to  return 
with  him  to  London  :  consequently  the  third 
book  must  have  been  already  finished,  or  merely 
needing  a  little  filing  and  polishing;  and  it  fol- 
lows, Spenser  must  at  that  time  have  conceived 
an  outline  of  the  fourth  book,  and  may  have 
jotted  down  the  principal  items,  if  he  had  not 
already  written  out  a  rough  sketch  of  the  whole 
book,  which  is  merely  a  continuation  of  the  other, 
or,  as  Upton  says,  in  it  "  the  poet  gives  a  solution 
of  former  distresses  and  plots."  We  have  not 
space  to  enter  into  particulars;  but  I  hold  the 
Shield  of  Love  was  the  adventure  which  Scuda- 
inour  undertook,  and  that  Spenser's  statement  in 
his  letter  to  Ralegh,  and  the  happy  termination 
of  the  third  book  in  the  first  edition,  were  both 
made  merely  for  a  temporary  purpose. 

On  a  further  inspection  of  these  two  books,  we 
find  Spenserian  imitations  of  various  scenes  and 
characters  in  the  Arcadia.  Thus,  the  imprison- 
ment and  sufferings  of  Amoretta  and  Florimell 
remind  us  of  the  persecutions  of  Pamela  and  Phi- 
loclea,  at  the  castle  of  Amphialus ;  and  when  we 
remember  the  court  of  Helen  of  Corinth  was 

*  Continued  from  3r<l  S.  iv.  22. 


"  the  marriage-place  of  Love  and  Virtue,  and  that 
herself  was  a  Diana  apparelled  in  the  garments  of 
Venus,"  we  seem  to  have  the  germ  of  the  beauti- 
ful description  of  the  Temple  of  Venus.  In  the 
Arcadia,  Queen  Elizabeth  is  represented  as  the 
love-sick  maiden,  the  warlike  maid,  and  the  poli- 
tician, under  the  names  of  Erona,  Artaxia,  and 
Helen  of  Corinth ;  but  in  Helen  we  have  also  a 
portrait  of  true  love.  Whilst  Sidney,  in  his  dis- 
contented mood,  thus  satirises  the  queen,  Spenser 
pours  forth  all  the  riches  of  his  imagination  in  the 
most  lavish  adulation  of  her  majesty  as  Britomart, 
Belphoebe,  Amoretta,  and  Florimell,  pure  vir- 
ginity —  a  transcript  of  Mira,  the  wonderful,  on 
whom  was  showered  every  gift  of  Venus  and 
Diana.  More  lovely  than  Amoretta,  and  as  chaste 
as  Belphoebe,  Florimell  is  the  centre  of  interest, 
pity,  and  suspense;  always  present,  though  fathoms 
deep  in  Proteus'  cell,  the  Ladie  of  the  Sea,  in  love 
with  Marinell,  Sir  Walter  Ralegh,  the  Shepherd 
of  the  Ocean.  The  Rich  Strond,  the  Pretious 
Shore,  would  be  the  English  Channel.  The  sup- 
position that  by  Marinell,  or  Marin,  Ralegh  is 
intended,  receives  a  curious  support  from  Colin 
Cloufs  come  home  again :  — 

"  Then  gan  a  gentle  bonylasse  to  speake, 

That  Marin  hight :  '  Right  well  he  sure  did  plaine, 
That  could  great  Cynthia's  sore  displeasure  breake, 
And  move  to  take  him  to  her  grace  againe.' " 

And  further  on,  the  Shepherd  of  the  Ocean 
says :  — 

"  And  I,  among  the  rest,  of  many  least, 

Have  in  the  Ocean  charge  to  me  assign'd ; 
Where  I  will  live  or  die  at  her  beheast, 

And  serve  and  honour  her  with  faithful  mind." 

The  poet  then  discourses  on  true  love — Venus, 
Cupid,  and  the  Garden  of  Adonis ;  having  evi- 
dently in  his  recollection  this  third  book  of  the 
Faerie  Qiteene  and  the  hymn  to  Venus  in  the 
fourth  book. 

The  story  of  Belphoebe  and  Timias  is  founded 
on  Ralegh's  lamentable  lay  of  Cynthia,  which, 
I  opine,  is  a  purely  imaginative  poem ;  and  the 
beautiful  incident  where  Belphoebe,  seeing  Timias 
kissing  Amoretta,  exclaims  — 

" '  Is  this  the  faith  ? '  she  said, — and  said  no  more, 
But  turn'd  her  face  and  fled  for  evermore," 

Book  IV.  vii.  36,— 

is  in  perfect  harmony  with  that  poem,  where 
Cynthia  "from  her  presence  faultless  him  de- 
barred." For  are  not  Amoretta  and  Belphoebe 
representations  of  the  same  lady  ?  They  are  not 
merely  sisters,  but  twins,  that  "  twixt  them  two 
did  share  the  heritage  of  all  celestial  grace,"  the 
two  halves  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  as  Venus  and 
Diana ;  and  thus  Timias,  kissing  Amoretta,  was 
merely  kissing  Belphoebe.  Amoretta  wanders  a 
long  time  secure  under  the  guardianship  of  Brito- 
martis;  at  last,  accidentally  strolling  out  of  her 
sight,  she  is  seized  by  the  giant  Lust,  wounded 


66 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


S.  IV.  JULY  25,  '63. 


by  Timias,  and  ultimately  saved  by  Belphcebe. 
Have  we  not  here  a  most  perfect  allegory  ?  for  is 
not  Amoretta  the  impersonation  of  Queen  Eliza- 
beth's amorous  disposition,  of  her  Venus  blood, 
which  is  fortunately  kept  in  subjection  and  con- 
trouled  by  her  chastity  ?  —  as  Sidney  says  of 
Gynecia :  "  of  most  unspotted  chastity,  but  of  so 
working  a  mind,  and  so  vehement  spirits,  as  a  man 
may  say,  it  was  happy  she  took  a  good  course ; 
for  otherwise,  it  would  have  been  terrible." 

And  is  not  Scudamour  also  intended  for  Ra- 
legh  ?  As  Amoretta  and  Belphcebe  are  repre- 
sentations of  the  same  lady,  the  same  rule  must 
be  applied  to  their  lovers,  or  the  whole  allegory 
falls  to  the  ground.  The  seven  months'  captivity 
of  Amoretta,  and  Scudamour's  inability  to  rescue 
her,  may  refer  to  Ralegh's  campaign  in  the  Ne- 
therlands in  1578 :  whilst  the  flames  and  sulphu- 
rous enchantments  of  Busirane  would  represent 
the  Spanish  artillery ;  and  the  assistance  of  Bri- 
tomartis  might  be  an  allusion  to  the  battle  of 
Rimini,  gained  by  the  valour  of  the  English  and 
Scots.  It  should  also  be  noted,  Florimell  suffers 
a  seven  months'  captivity,  so  that  the  poet  appears 
to  refer  to  some  particular  period. 

These  three  beautiful  tales  of  Amoretta,  Bel- 
phcebe, and  Florimell,  denote  not  only  Spenser's 
love  and  esteem  for  Ralegh,  but  also  testify  to  the 
high  position  Ralegh  must  have  held  in  her  ma- 
jesty's favour  at  that  time.  In  support  of  these 
opinions,  we  may  adduce  the  beautiful  apostrophe 
to  Ralegh  in  the  Introduction  to  the  third  book, 
which  must  be  regarded  as  the  key-note  to  these 
two  books. 

It  is  generally  supposed  Spenser  became  ac- 
quainted with  Ralegh  in  Ireland,  during  his  secre- 
taryship, but  this  is  a  serious  error  ;  as  Ralegh  is 
Tirnias,  Prince  Arthur's  squire,  he  must  have 
been  Spenser's  honoured  friend  long  before  April, 
1580. 

The  false  Florimell  is  of  course  Mary,  Queen 
of  Scots ;  with  her  lovers,  Blandamour  and  Pa- 
ridell,  the  Earls  of  Northumberland  and  West- 
moreland. Mary  —  who,  like  Helen  of  Greece, 
was  an  apple  of  discord  to  Britain — is  also  very 
distinctly  depicted  in  Dame  Hellenore ;  whose 
husband,  old  Malbecco,  would  be  the  Earl  of 
Shrewsbury. 

Book  V.  "  The  Legend  of  Artegall  or  Justice." 
It  seems  to  be  universally  accepted  that,  by  Ar- 
tegall, is  intended  Lord  Grey,  Earl  of  Wilton,  to 
whom  Spenser  had  been  secretary  during  his 
administration  in  Ireland  from  1580  to  1582 ;  but 
it  may  be  suspected  Sir  Henry  Sidney  is  intended, 
and  this  supposition  is  based  on  the  circumstance 
that  Philip  very  ably  defended  his  father's  con- 
duct in  the  autumn  of  1577.  Artegall  probably 
means  Prince  Arthur's  equal  in  Spenser's  estima- 
tion, and  that  was  more  likely  to  have  been  Sir 
Henry,  the  father  of  Philip,  and  Leicester's  bro- 


ther-in-law, than  the  Earl  of  Wilton  ;  and,  al- 
though the  book  was  written  after  1590,  it  must 
have  been  conceived  several  years  earlier,  at  the 
same  time  as  the  legend  of  Britomart  in  the  third 
book — perhaps  in  1585,  when  the  Queen  buckled 
on  her  armour,  and  sent  Leicester  as  Captain- 
General  into  the  Netherlands.  And  it  should  not 
be  overlooked,  that  Artegall  is  mentioned  in  the 
second  book :  — 

"  As  Artegall  and  Sophy  now  been  honoured." 

Book  II.  ix.  6. 

It  has  been  shown,  the  three  preceding  books  of 
the  Faerie  Queene — the  second,  third,  and  fourth — 
are  intimately  connected  with  the  Arcadia:  in 
which  romance  Sir  Henry,  as  Euarchus,  is  ap- 
pointed judge  in  the  trial  of  the  two  princes,  and 
condemns  them  to  death  ;  nor  will  he  revoke  the 
sentence,  even  after  the  discovery  of  their  being 
his  only  son  and  nephew :  — 

"  At  length,  with  such  a  kind  of  gravity  as  was  near  to 
sorrow,  he  thus  uttered  his  mind :  « I  take  witness  of  the 
immortal  gods,'  said  he,  '  0  Arcadians !  that  what  this 
day  I  have  said  hath  been  out  of  my  assured  persuasion, 
what  justice  itself  and  your  just  laws  require,  &c.  .  .  . 
If  rightly  I  have  judged,  then  rightly  I  have  judged 
mine  own  children:  unless  the  name  of  a  child  should 
have  force  to  change  the  never-changing  justice.  No, 
no,  Pyrocles  and  Musidorus,  I  prefer  you  much  before  my 
life,  but  I  prefer  justice  as  far  before  you.'" 

When  we  see  in  numerous  passages  how  warmly 
Philip  eulogizes  his  father's  love  of  justice,  we  can 
scarcely  have  a  doubt  of  Spenser's  intention  ; 
especially  as  it  is  the  Redcrosse  Knight  who,  in 
the  third  book,  describes  to  Britomartis  the  vir- 
tues of  Artegall ;  and  the  line  — 

"  Achilles'  arms  which  Artegall  did  win," — 
so  puzzling  to  Upton,  and  inexplicable  with  re- 
ference to  Lord  Grey,  is  singularly  applicable  to 
Sir  Henry  Sidney,  who  "distinguished  himself  on 
many  occasions,  and  particularly  in  single  combat 
with  a  Scottish  chieftain,  whom  he  overthrew  and 
stripped  of  his  arms ;"  and  this  very  combat  oc- 
curred in  Ulster. 

Radigund,  the  Amazon,  who  takes  Artegall 
prisoner,  "  and  in  his  hand  a  distafFe  to  him  gave," 
is  a  satire  on  Queen  Elizabeth,  who  repeatedly  in- 
terfered with  Sir  Henry's  upright  and  impartial 
administration  of  justice.  In  this  fifth  book  we 
have  the  trial  of  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,  "  hight 
Duessa,"  who  is  accused  of  murder,  sedition,  and 
adultery :  so  there  can  be  no  doubt  the  poet 
points  at  her  as  Acrasia,  Hellenore,  and  the  false 
Florimell. 

(To  be  continued.') 


TRAITORS'  GATE,  TOWER  OF  LONDON. 
There  was  a  recent  visit  by  the  members  of 
the  Ecclesiological  Society,  under  its  President, 
A.  Beresford  Hope,  Esq.,  to  the  Tower  of  London, 


S.  IV.  JUMT  25,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


67 


to  inspect  the  restoration  of  the  early  Norman 
chapel  in  the  White  Tower  (which  happily  is 
about  to  be  used  again  for  sacred  purposes) ;  and 
also  to  take  note  of  other  praiseworthy  works, 
now  going  on  within  this  most  interesting  citadel. 
Great  credit  is  due  to  the  present  authorities, 
and  especially  to  Lord  de  Ros,  for  the  determined 
manner  in  which  ill-judged  innovations  are  re- 
sisted ;  and  there  seems  good  hope  that  the  Tower 
will  now  be  spared  from  further  wanton  mutila- 
tion. Perhaps  no  part  of  this  fortified  enclosure 
has  suffered  more  from  improper  use  than  the 
Traitors'  Gate.  Few  people  can  be  aware  of  the 
solemn  grandeur  which  this  water-gate  must  have 
presented  in  bygone  times,  when  its  architectural 
features  were  unmutilated.  Gateways  and  bar- 
bicans to  castles  are  usually  bold  and  striking  in 
their  design  ;  but  a  water-gate  of  this  kind,  in  its 
perfect  state,  must  have  been  quite  unique.  The 
internal  features  can  now  scarcely  be  discerned, 
but  it  may  be  well  to  describe  the  general  plan  of 
the  structure.  It  consists  in  plan  of  an  oblong 
block,  each  corner  having  an  attached  round  tur- 
ret of  large  dimensions.  The  south  archway,  which 
formed  the  water  approach  from  the  Thames, 
guarded  by  a  portcullis,  is  now  effectually  closed 
by  a  wharf  occupying  the  entire  length  of  the 
Tower.  The  water  originally  flowed  through  the 
base  of  the  gatehouse,  and  extended  probably 
beyond  the  north  side  of  it  to  the  Traitors'  Steps, 
as  they  were  called.  Here  the  superincumbent 
mass  of  the  gateway  is  supported  by  an  archway 
of  extraordinary  boldness.  Unlike  the  south  en- 
trance, which  is  of  moderate  span,  this  segmental 
arch,  with  a  double  order  of  moulding,  spans  the 
entire  width  of  the  front  from  turret  to  turret — 
a  distance  of  more  than  sixty  feet.  Such  an  arch, 
I  think,  is  not  to  be  found  in  any  other  gateway, 
and  is  a  piece  of  masterly  construction.  A  stair- 
case in  the  north-west  turret  conducts  to  the 
galleries,  or  wall  passages,  formed  on  a  level  with 
the  tops  of  the  archway.  These  passages  are 
lighted  by  loopholes  through  the  outer  walls ;  and 
have  a  breastwork  on  the  inner  faces,  pierced  and 
crenellated,  so  that  each  side  of  the  gateway  could 
be  guarded  by  soldiers,  commanding  the  space 
below  as  well  as  the  outside.  A  little  above  these 
passages  can  be  traced  the  stone  corbels,  from 
which  the  stone  groining  of  the  gateway  originally 
sprung.  The  four  angular  turrets  are  approached 
by  the  wall  passages  ;  each  turret  has  two  tiers  of 
chambers,  well  worthy  of  examination.  They  are 
beautifully  groined,  having  elegant  vaulting  shafts 
with  capitals  and  bases.  The  spandrils  of  the 
groins  are  filled  with  alternate  courses  of  light 
and  dark  stone.  A  lancet  window  on  each  side 
(for  the  rooms  are  octangular  within),  lights  the 
apartment.  No  stranger,  on  looking  at  the  Trai- 
tors' Gate  as  it  is  now  encumbered,  could  possibly 
form  an  idea  of  its  ancient  dignity.  The  whole 


of  the  upper  part  is  crammed  with  offices,  and 
disfigured  in  every  possible  manner ;  and  the 
gloom  of  the  Traitors'  Gate  is  now  broken  up  by 
the  blatant  noise  of  steam  machinery  for  hoisting 
and  packing  war  weapons. 

The  vibration  of  the  machinery  has  already  so 
shaken  the  south-east  turret,  that  it  is  now  shored 
up  in  order  to  prevent  its  falling. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  supply  particulars 
as  to  the  ceremonials  attending  the  reception  of 
state  prisoners  at  the  Traitors'  Gate,  when  con- 
signed to  the  Tower  ?  It  would  seem  that  the 
enormous  size  of  the  north  archway  must  have 
been  for  the  admission  of  several  barges  or  vessels 
to  pass  within  the  present  boundary  of  the  gate- 
way walls  when  the  outer  portcullis  was  closed, 
and  that  the  Thames  once  penetrated  further  to 
the  north.  BENJ.  FERRET,  F.S.A. 


f&inav  $att$. 

CURIOUS  ANACHRONISM  BY  AN  OLD  DRAMA- 
TIST.— In  The  First  Part  of  the  True  and  Honour- 
able Historic  of  the  Life  of  Sir  John  Oldcastle, 
1600,  4to,  Act  IV.  Sc.  4,  the  following  passage 
occurs : — 

"  Rochester.  What  bring'st  thou  there?  what,  books  of 
heresy  ? 

"  Sumner.  Yea,  my  Lord,  here's  not  a  Latin  book,  no,  not 
so  much  as  our  Lady's  Psalter.  Here's  the  Bible,  the  Testa- 
ment, the  Psalms  in  metre,  The  Sick  Man's  Salve,  the 
Treasure  of  Gladness,  all  English ;  no,  not  so  much  but 
the  Almanac's  English. 

"  Rochester.  Away  with  them,  to  the  fire  with  them, 

Clun: 

Now  fye  upon  these  upstart  heretics. 
All  English !  burn  them,  burn  them  quickly,  Clun. 

"  Harpool.  But  do  not,  Sumner,  as  you'll  answer  it ;  for 
I  have  there  English  books,  my  lord,  that  I'll  not  part 
withal  for  your  bishopric :  Bevis  of  Hampton ;  Owleglass ; 
The  Friar  and  the  Boy ;  Jb'linour  Humming ;  Robin  Hood ; 
and  other  such  godly  stories ;  which  if  ye  burn,  by  this 
flesh  I'll  make  you  drink  their  ashes  in  Saint  Marget's 
ale." 

Sir  John  Oldcastle  was  executed  in  Dec.  1417. 
The  first  edition  of  the  Bible  in  English,  if  a 
printed  book,  indeed,  be  here  intended,  appeared 
in  1535.  Becon's  Sick  Man's  Salve  was  printed 
in  1561.  The  Treasure  of  Gladness  in  1564, 
&c.  As  to  the  articles  in  early  English  popular 
literature,  mentioned  by  Harpool  in  the  text, 
none  of  them  are  known  to  have  come  from  the 
press  till  the  beginning  of  the  sixteenth  century. 
Sir  John  Oldcastle  is  generally  assigned  to  Mun- 
day,  Drayton,  Haughton,  and  Wilson.  Which  of 
these  was  in  the  present  case  the  offender  ? 

W.  CAREW  HAZLITT. 

ERRATA  IN  KING'S  "LIFE  OF  LOCKE."  —  In 
Lord  King's  Life  of  John  Locke  (ed.  1830,  vol.  i. 

£;>.   357,  358),   occurs  a  letter  from  Tyrrell  to 
ocke,  in  which  the  Oxford  Heads  of  Houses  are 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3>-d  S.  IV.  JULY  25,  '63. 


made  to  lament  the  "  decay  of  long-cut  exercises  in 
the  University."  This  must  surely  be  a  blunder 
for  logical;  another  instance  of  Lord  King's  care- 
lessness may  be  seen  in  the  same  letter,  where  he 
calls  Dr.  Dunster  Dunstan. 

JOHN  E.  B.  MAYOR. 
St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 

ROLLING  THE  R's* — A  friend  of  mine,  a  clergy- 
man, pronounces  the  letter  r  with  a  whir-r-r,  and 
I  am  sorry  to  say  I  cannot  avoid  occasionally  feel- 
ing inclined  to  smile  in  church  when  listening  to 
him  reading  —  more  especially  the  prayer  for  the 
High  Court  of  Parliament,  when  he  unconsciously 
turns  "religion"  into  " irreligion,"  while  coupling 
it  with  "  piety."  THEODORE. 

LETTERS  OF  MARQUE. —  Looking  over  a  state 
paper,  viz.  President  Lincoln's  little-known  pro- 
clamation of  the  19th  April,  1861,  I  have  found  a 
very  curious  misstatement.  In  that  document 
the  President  purports  to  say :  — 

"  Whereas  a  combination  of  persons  engaged  in  such 
insurrection  have  threatened  to  grant  pretended  letters 
of  marque  to  authorise  the  bearers  thereof  to  commit  assaults 
on  the  lives,  vessels,  and  property  of  good  citizens  of  the 
country,  &c." 

But  in  point  of  fact,  letters  of  marque  never 
authorise  their  grantees  to  commit  assaults  upon 
the  lives  of  enemies.  The  common  form  of  the 
mandatum  of  these  letters  runs  :  — 

"  Know  ye,  &c.,  that  we  license  and  authorise  the  said 
A.B.  to  set  forth  in  a  warlike  manner  the  said  ship  called 
the  C.  D.  under  his  command,  and  therewith  by  force  of 
arms  to  apprehend,  seize,  and  take  the  ships,  vessels,  and 
goods  belonging  to,  &c.  &c." 

H.  C.  C. 

A  NIECE  or  OLIVER  GOLDSMITH. —  The  follow- 
ing, which  I  extract  from  the  New  York  Atlas  of 
June  20,  will  no  doubt  be  interesting  to  the 
readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  :  — 

"  The  niece  of  Oliver  Goldsmith  is  now  living  in  Ho- 
boken,  N.  J.,  in  somewhat  reduced  circumstances.  She  is 
the  daughter  of  his  youngest  sister,  Kate  Goldsmith,  of 
whom  Washington  Irving,  in  his  life  of  the  poet,  asks, — 
'  What  has  become  of  his  sister  Kate? ' " 

ROBERT  KEMPT. 


APPARITIONS. 

What  would  be  a  good  name  for  visions,  appa- 
ritions, ghosts,  spectral  illusions  —  call  them  what 
you  will — which  become  sensible  to  two  or  more 
persons  at  once  ?  Your  columns  have  brought 
out  the  Sherbroke  and  Wynyard  case  in  a  very 
satisfactory  manner ;  that  is,  have  procured  the 
real  statement  of  the  alleged  facts  in  as  definite  a 
form  as  could  have  been  expected.  But  there  is 
another  case  of  the  same  kind,  which  has  long 
been  spoken  of  in  private,  like  the  Sherbroke 


case,  but  has  not  been  more  than  hinted  at  in 
public.  If  any  of  those  who  are  in  possession  of 
the  details  should  feel  able  to  state  them,  they 
will  know  to  what  I  refer  when  I  say  that  the 
story  is  directly  connected  with  the  late  Dr.  B.,  a 
clergyman  of  good  position.  At  the  same  time, 
so  frequent  are  the  stories  which  stagger  all  but 
those  who  are  blessed  with  a  priori  knowledge  of 
what  can  and  what  cannot  be,  that  I  should  not 
be  surprised  if  I  brought  out  more  than  one 
narrative  about  more  than  one  Dr.  B.  So  much 
the  better ;  the  state  of  opinion  is  now  favour- 
able to  the  discussion  of  the  evidence ;  and 
your  columns  are  well  adapted  for  its  collection. 
To  use  the  slang  of  the  market,  superstitions  are 
lively,  and  philosophy  rules  dull  at  less  than  the 
old  prices. 

Thirty  years  ago,  when  I  was  what  Goldsmith 
calls  "  a  philosopher  and  a  man  of  learning,  as  the 
rest  of  us  is,"  I  was  in  a  party  which  was  entirely 
composed  of  the  like.  And  I  was  much  struck  by 
finding  that  every  man  brought  forward,  as  within 
his  own  knowledge,  a  "  very  remarkable  thing," 
which  was  attested  to  him  by  a  person  on  whose  ge- 
neral veracity  he  had  entire  reliance.  Each  of  these 
very  remarkable  things  was  a  sheer  ghost-story, 
and  nothing  but  it ;  and  I  found  that  the  law  of 
evidence  was,  that  the  better  such  stories  were 
attested,  the  stronger  the  proof  that  they  were  all 
delusions.  In  fact,  the  poor  ghost  was  like  Lord 
Say  in  Jack  Cade's  hands,  —  "  he  shall  die,  an  it 
were  but  for  pleading  so  well  for  his  life."  I 
mention  this  to  remind  those  who  know  strong 
evidence  in  favour  of  any  case  that  they  will  not 
commit  themselves  by  producing  it.  Public 
opinion  will  tolerate  belief  in  two,  and  belief  in 
other  two,  without  demanding  belief  in  four. 

It  naturally  occurred  to  myself,  and  has  often 
been  suggested  by  others,  that  these  stories  are  all 
one,  or  it  may  be  two,  removes  from  the  speaker  ; 
the  person  who  actually  saw  it  does  not  happen 
to  be  in  the  company.  On  this  it  may  be  ob- 
served that  those  who  have  actually  seen  or  heard 
are  usually  shy  of  communicating  to  more  than 
one  person  at  a  time.  And  I  know  it  may  happen 
that  the  narrator  of  a  story  about  another  person, 
who  professes  himself  completely  staggered  by  it, 
owes  some,  it  may  be  most,  of  his  state  of  suspense 
to  something  that  has  happened  to  himself,  which 
he  does  not  like  to  tell,  something  which  he  "  does 
not  know  what  to  make  of." 

Those  who  are  personally  cognizant  of  such 
wonders  do  not  like  to  speak  of  them  to  more  than 
one  at  a  time.  Why  ?  I  conjecture  that  it  is  partly 
because  one  and  the  same  person  will  frequently 
be  an  inquirer  and  a  weigher  of'evidence  when  alone 
with  another,  who  has  his  omniscience  to  keep  up 
when  other  persons  are  present. 

For  myself,  my  omniscience  subsided  so  long 
ago  that  I  hardly  remember  the  feel  of  it.  With 


3'd  S.  IV.  JULY  25,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


69 


it  went,  first,  the  assurance  that  all  ghost-stories 
are  delusions;  secondly,  the  inference  that,  if 
true,  they  would  prove  their  point.  Even  sup- 
posing that  the  death  of  one  person  should  be  the 
efficient  cause  of  an  apparition  to  another,  it  does 
not  follow  that  the  apparent  person  knew  any- 
thing about  the  matter,  either  before  or  after 
death.  When  such  things  can  be  mentioned 
without  any  crackling  of  thorns  under  the  pot, 
we  shall  get  many  instances  for  comparison,  and 
may  possibly  arrive  at  a  sound  conclusion. 

A.  DE  MORGAN. 


"  BOADICEA."  — 

"  So  the  fierce  tigress,  when  she  hears  afar 
The  hunter's  murmur,  rouses  for  the  war. 
Each  spot  grows  rough,  she  opes  her  pliant  jaws, 
Loosens  her  knees,  and  agitates  her  claws ; 
Then  rushes  boldly  on  her  trembling  prey, 
And  bears  a  living  breathing  man  away, 
A  dinner  for  her  cubs." — Boadicea,  Act  II. 

The  above  is  quoted  in  Selections  from  the  Best 
Poets,  p.  93,  12mo,  London,  1768.  It  is  in  the 

fart  of  the  volume  occupied  by  dramatic  poetry, 
t  is  not  in  Glover's  Boadicea.  The  Biographia 
Dramatica  mentions  Boadicea,  a  Tragedy,  by 
Charles  Hopkins,  1697,  which  I  have  not  been 
able  to  see.  I  shall  be  obliged  by  being  informed 
whether  the  lines  are  there,  and,  if  not,  where. 

E.  H. 

ROBERT  BURNS  AND  GEORGE  THE  FOURTH. — 
In  these  days  of  royal  presents,  it  might  be  in- 
teresting to  know  their  ultimate  destination.  In 
the  account  of  his  majesty's  visit  to  Scotland  in 
1822,  it  is  stated,  that  — 

"  Mr.  Auld,  of  Ayr,  presented  to  the  King,  through 
the  medium  of  the  Rt.  Hon.  the  Lord  Justice  Clerk,  a 
splendid  library  chair,  formed  out  of  the  rafters  of  Kirk 
Alloway,  which  his  Majesty  was  pleased  to  receive  most 
graciously.  The  general  design  of  this  valuable  chair  is 
after  the  manner  of  the  enriched  Gothic.  On  the  front 
part  of  the  back  are  formed  four  compartments,  termin- 
ating in  pointed  arches,  and  surrounded  with  appropriate 
carvings,  executed  in  a  style  of  uncommon  boldness  and 
beauty.  In  these  are  placed  as  many  tablets  of  polisher 
brass,  having  inscribed  on  them,  at  full  length,  the  well- 
known  humorous  and  highly  descriptive  tale  of  '  Tarn 
o'Shanter; '  while  on  the  other  side,  is  a  clever  painting 
by  Steven,  an  able  Ayrshire  artist,  representing  '  heroic 
Tarn,'  mounted  on  his  grey  mare  Meg,  and  dashing 
onwards  amidst  the  appalling  horrors  of  the  midnigh 
storm.  His  Majesty,  out  of  respect  to  the  genius  of  the 
great  national  bard,  gave  orders  that  particular  car 
should  be  taken  of  this  elegant  gift." 

I  should  much  like  to  know  where  this  chair  i 
located  now.  SCOTUS. 

CATHERINE  DE  MEDICIS.  —  Who  purchased 
very  interesting  picture  of  Catherine  de  Medici 
as  an  infant  in  swaddling  clothes   at  the  Alton 
Towers  sale,  and  what  was  the  price  paid  for  it 
It  was  lot  86,  page  6  of  the  Catalogue.          P.  P. 


COWTHOHPE  OAK,  NEAR  WETHEHBT,  YORK- 
HIRE. — I  shall  feel  obliged  if  any  of  your  readers 
vill  inform  me  whether  or  not  this  celebrated  oak 
s  still  in  existence,  and  if  it  still  exists,  what  dis- 
ance  it  is  from  Wetherby.  The  latest  record  of 
he  tree  I  can  meet  with  is  in  the  Parliamentary 
Gazetteer,  1843,  in  which  publication,  under  the 
lead  of  "  Cowthorpe,"  it  is  stated  that,  "  On  the 
estate  of  Lord  Petre  here  there  is  a  gigantic  oak, 
surpassing  in  size  the  famous  Greendale  oak  at 
Welbeck,  Notts.'; 

A  friend  of  mine  in  Preston,  who  has  seen  the 
atter  tree,  will  be  obliged  if  any  one  will  give  him 
the  dimensions  of  it  and  of  its  venerable  neigh- 
sours,  the  Porters  and  the  Shambles  oaks. 

CHAS.  Jos.  ASHFIELD. 
51,  Knowsley  Street,  Preston. 

GERMAN  DRAMA. — Are  there  any  translations 
from  the  German  Drama  in  a  volume  entitled, 
Poems  and  Translations  from  the  German,  London, 
8vo,  1821  ?  The  translator  was  General  Sir  Wm. 
Gomme.  ZETA. 

HERALDIC  QUERIES. — An  old  seal  being  found 
in  some  clay,  some  little  time  since,  was  found  on 
cleaning  to  bear  the  following  arms,  which  I  will, 
if  not  heraldically,  yet  correctly,  attempt  to 
describe. 

Azure,  the  figure  of  a  woman  with  bow  and 
arrow,  sitting  astride  what  appears  to  be  a  duck 
or  goose,  having  a  tail  of  a  dragon  or  wivern. 
The  crest,  an  animal  like  a  porcupine  or  arma- 
dillo. There  is  also  a  close  helmet,  and  unicorns 
for  supports.  The  motto  is,  "  Opiferque  dicor 
per  orbem." 

To  what  family  or  person  do  these  arms  belong  ? 

E. 

To  what  family  is  the  following  coat  of  arms 
likely  to  belong?  On  the  dexter  side,  gules,  a 
cross  argent ;  sinister,  argent,  three  rabbits  or. 
Crest,  an  angel  with  outstretched  arms. 

J.  W.  BRTANS. 

Belfield,  Windermere. 

CARDINAL  HOWARD.  —  In  Neale's  Jansenist 
Church  in  Holland,  pp.  200,  201,  204,  there  are 
facts  stated  which  rather  lead  to  the  inference 
that  the  Cardinal  did  not  regard  the  Jansenists 
unfavourably.  I  am  also  told  that  a  French 
writer  (whether  of  this  or  a  preceding  century  I 
cannot  say)  has  some  remarks  which  tend  to  prove 
a  Jansenist  leaning  in  the  Cardinal.  Can  any  of 
your  correspondents  throw  light  on  this  point  ? 

J.  K. 

Highclere. 

JOHNSTONE  THE  FREEMASON.  —  Where  can  I 
obtain  any  particulars  about  this  Johnstone,  who 
represented  the  Scotch  n  asons  at  Berlin  ?  He 
died  in  prison  there  in  1775.  C.  B.  CAREW. 


70 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*<»  S.  IV.  JULY  25,  '63. 


LONGEVITY  OF  INCUMBENTS.  —  In  "  N.  &  Q." 
1st  S.  xi.  407,  you  gave  some  particulars  of  the 
Kev.  Potter  Cole,  who  was  Vicar  of  Hawkesbury, 
near  Tetbury,  during  a  period  of  seventy-two 
years,  which  many  people  considered  an  incum- 
bency of  longer  duration  than  any  upon  record ; 
however,  upon  perusing  an  old  Magazine,  I  have 
found  one  stated  to  have  been  held  for  a  much 
longer  series  of  years  by  the  Rev.  Thomas  Samp- 
son,  who  was  minister  of  Keym,  or  Keyham,  near 
Leicester,  for  ninety-two  years,  and  who  was 
buried  there  August  4,  1655.  Various  details 
are  given  that  appear  to  .verify  this  statement, 
which  is  moreover  authenticated  by  the  inspec- 
tion of  the  register  on  February  28,  1743,  by  the 
Rev.  —  Juxon.  Still  it  is  rather  extraordinary, 
and  I  trust  some  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  will  ascer- 
tain if  this  account  is  correct,  and  favour  us  with 
the  result  of  his  investigation. 

AN  OCCASIONAL  CORRESPONDENT. 

"  MACBETH."  —  Who  is  editor  of  Macbeth,  with 
selected  and  original  Anecdotes  and  Annotations, 
Biographical,  Explanatory,  &c.,  1807, 8vo  ? 

ZETA. 

MORRISON'S  CRYSTAL. — In  the  will  of  Sir  Henry 
Wotton,  I  find  the  following  bequest  among 
others :  — 

"  Item,  a  piece  of  Crystal  Sexangular  (as  they  grow 
all),  grasping  divers  several  things  toithin  it,  which  I  bought 
among  the  Rhsetian  Alps,  in  the  very  place  where  it 
grew." 

Did  this  possess  any  of  the  marvellous  proper- 
ties laid  claim  to  by  the  ball  of  which  Admiral 
Belcher  ran  foul  ?  W.  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 

THOMAS,  DUKE  or  NORFOLK. — This  prince  was 
the  eldest  son  of  Edward  I.,  by  his  second  wife, 
Marguerite  of  France.  How  many  times  was  he 
married,  and  who  were  his  wives  ?  Alice  Halys 
is  given  as  the  name  of  his  wife,  I  think,  in  all 
genealogies ;  but  some  add  a  second  wife,  Mar- 
garet de  Ros  ;  and  I  have  seen  mention  of  a  third, 
named  Maude,  whose  surname  is  not  given.  Who 
was  she  ?  And  is  it  a  fact  that  the  Duke  was 
thrice  married  ?  HERMENTRUDE. 

ELIJAH  RIDINGS. — Can  any  reader  of  "N.  &  Q." 
give  me  any  information  regarding  Elijah  Ridings, 
author  of  The  Village  Muse,  &c.  ?  ZETA. 

ST.  GERMAIN. — Can  you  tell  me  what  were  the 
armorial  bearings  of  the  French  family  of  St. 
Germain  ?  MELETES. 

SUGAR-TONGS  LIKE  A  STORK. — There  are  foreign 
sugar-tongs  (are  they  German  or  Danish  ?)  in  the 
form  of  a  stork.  They  open  scissor-wise,  and  con- 
tain in  a  small  hollow  inside  the  body  of  the  bird 
a  swaddled  bambino  about  the  size  of  a  house  fly. 
Are  they  Christmas  gifts,  or  christening  presents? 
or  are  they  merely  allusive  to  the  stork  bringing 
the  baby,  which  is,  I  believe,  the  German  nursery 
folk  lore  on  that  subject?  P.P. 


t8  tottf) 

RADNORSHIRE  RHYME.  —  The  following  old 
rhyme  may  be  worth  preserving.  There  are,  I 
believe,  different  versions  of  it.  I  was  reminded 
of  it  by  a  statement  which  appeared  lately,  in  one 
of  the  London  newspapers,  to  the  effect  that 
there  is  not  a  single  titled  person  resident  in  Mon- 
mouthshire :  — 

"  In  Radnorshire, 

Is  neither  Knight  nor  Peer, 

Nor  park  with  deer, 

Nor  gentleman  with  five  hundred  a  year, 

Save  Sir  Wm.  Fowler  of  Abbey  Cwm  heer." 

W.  W.  E.  W. 

[We  believe  the  correct  version  of  this  epigram,  which 
was  invented  in  the  early  part  of  the  eighteenth  century, 
is  as  follows : — 

"  There  is  neither  a  park  nor  a  deer 

To  be  seen  in  all  Radnorshire ; 
Nor  a  man  with  five  hundred  a-year, 
Save  Fowler  of  Abbey  Cwm  Hir." 

The  person  here  complimented  at  the  expense  of  his 
neighbours  was  Sir  William  Fowler,  Bart.,  of  Harnage 
Grange,  Shropshire,  who  built  the  present  parish  church 
of  Abbey  Cwm-Hir  in  1680.  He  was  high  sheriiF  of 
Radnorshire  in  1696,  and  was  created  a  baronet  in  1704. 
We  suspect  the  above  epigram  dates  from  that  period  — 
say  about  the  year  1710 — when,  in  the  language  of  a 
contemporary  political  ballad, — 

"  The  furiosas  of  the  Church 

Came  foremost  with  the  wind; 
And  Moderation,  out  of  breath, 

Came  trotting  on  behind." 

We  need  scarcely  add  that,  contemporary  with  the 
Radnorshire  house  of  Fowler  (and  the  majority  of  them 
more  ancient  than  his),  were  those  of  Robarts,  Earls  of 
Radnor;  Harley,  Earls  of  Oxford  ;  the  Cornewalls,  baro- 
nets ;  Howarths,  many  of  them  knights ;  the  Jones's  of 
Boultibrook,  also  knights ;  and,  among  the  untitled  gen- 
try, the  Lewis's  of  Harpton  (whence  the  late  lamented 
Sir  G.  C.  Lewis) ;  the  Mynors  of  Evan  Coed ;  the  Lloyds, 
the  Walshes,  and  the  Gwynnes — all  of  them  quite  as 
opulent  as  their  fellow-countryman,  Sir  William.  But 
he,  belonging  to  the  High  Church  party  in  the  roistering 
days  of  Queen  Anne,  has  been,  as  was  once  remarked  of 
Swift,  "  absolutely  damned  by  the  praises  of  his  friends !  " 
With  respect  to  Monmouthshire,  our  correspondent  ap- 
pears to  have  forgotten  that  the  Duke  of  Beaufort,  and 
Lords  Tredegar,  Llanover,  and  Ragland,  are  titled  per- 
sonages possessing  residential  properties  there,  and  we 
know  not  how  many  more  besides.] 

JACOB'S  STAFF.  —  PROFESSOR  DE  MORGAN,  in 
his  learned  article  "  On  the  Derivation  of  the 
word  Theodolite,"  observes  :  — 

"  This  Theodelite,  whether  Digges's  or  Hoptori's,  was 
in  fact  the  thing  well  known  as  the  Astrolabe ;  and  this 
is  the  name  Bourne  (in  his  Treasure  for  Travailers,  1578,) 
gives  it.  The  Astrolabe  seems  to  have  become  a  Theo- 
delite when  it  became  a  terrestrial  instrument." 

The  above  suggests  to  me  the  Query  :  What  is 
the  origin  of  the  old  English  name  of  this  same 
instrument,  viz.  Jacob's  Staff"?  It  reminds  me  also 
that,  in  my  collections  for  illustrating  Abp.  Leigh- 
ton's  Works,  I  have  a  note  on  this  word.  After 


3rd  S.  IV.  JULY  25,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


quoting  a  fine  parallel  passage  from  G.  Herbert, 
have  extracted  the  following  description  of  the 
instrument  from  Sylvester's  Du  Bartas:  — 
"  The  Jacob's  Staff,  to  measure  heights  and  lands, 
Shall  far  excel  a  thousand  nimble  hands, 
To  part  the  Earth  in  Zones,  and  Climates  even, 
And  in  twice  twenty -and-four  Figures — Heaven." 
Part  IV.,  Day  2,  Week  2,  folio  edit.  (1621), 

p.  291. 

"The  Jacob's  Staff"  is  here  used  to  denote  the 
Astrolabe,  both  celestial  and  terrestrial.^  At  p 
299  of  the  same  poem,  Du  Bartas  mentions  the 
Astrolabe,  and  speaks  of  it  as  a  purely  celestial 
instrument.  In  the  characters  of  Sir  Thos.  Over- 
bury,  the  Jacob's  Staff  is  connected  with  the 
heavens  alone.  Of  the  "  almanack  maker,"  it  is 
said :  — 

"  His  life  is  upright,  for  he  is  always  looking  upward ; 
yet  he  dares  believe  nothing  above' primum  mobile,  for  'tis 
out  of  the  reach  of  his  Jacob's  Staff." 

The  word  seems  to  be  still  in  use  in  Ireland ; 
for,  in  the  "  Advartaaisement "  for  a  hedge-school- 
master, given  in  Carleton's  sketch  of  The  Hedge 
School,  among  the  qualifications  required,  we  find 
"  Surveying,  and  the  use  of  the  Jacob-staff." 

ElRlONNACH. 

[For  applying  this  term  to  the  instrument  used  in 
taking  altitudes,  various  reasons  have  been  assigned. 
The  Catholic  explanation  is,  that  the  divisions  marked 
upon  the  instrument  resembled  the  steps  of  Jacob's  lad- 
der (Gen.  xxviii.  12) :  "  On  1'appelait,  dit-on,  baton  de 
Jacob,  parceque  les  divisions  marquees  sur  le  montant 
resemblaient  aux  degres  de  1'e'chelle  myste'rieuse  de 
Jacob." — Encyc.  Cathol.,  under  "  Baton."] 

AGRICOLA'S  VICTORY.  —  Can  any  of  your  cor- 
respondents inform  me  on  what  authority  the 
inhabitants  of  Aberdeen  state  that  the  victory  of 
Agricola  over  Galgacus  (A.  D.  85)  took  place  on 
the  hills  in  the  immediate  neighbourhood  of  that 
town  ?  Tacitus  (Agric.  29)  merely  says,  "  (Agri- 
cola)  ...  ad  montem  Grampium  pervenit,"  which 
would  seem  more  likely  to  have  occurred  farther 
south.  U.  C. 

[  VVe  are  at  a  loss  to  conceive  what  authority  the  Aber- 
donians  have  for  concluding  that  Agricola  vanquished 
Galgacus  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  their  town.  Ancient 
as  the  latter  is,  the  earliest  notice  of  it  occurs  in  the  geo- 
graphical work  of  Claudius  Ptolomeus  (ii.  3,  §  19),  where 
it  is  distinguished  by  the  name  of  Devana  (ArjoiWa), 
the  chief  city  of  the  Texali  or  Taezali,  and  Ptolomy 
nourished  a  century,  at  least,  later  than  the  Roman  con- 
queror. The  exact  locality  of  the  conflict  ("  ad  montem 
Grampium  ")  between  the  Caledonians  and  the  Romans 
has  been  a  vexed  question  from  the  days  of  Richard  of 
Cirencester  to  our  own,  and  likely  to  be  so  to  the  end  of 
time.  This  is  owing  to  the  error  which  Tacitus  commits 
in  the  map  which  he  made  of  the  country,  wherein  a 
range  of  Grampians  "  monies  Grampii  "  appears  in  a  part 
of  Scotland  where  there  are  no  hills  of  any  kind,  at  least 
in  the  present  day.  Some  maintain,  therefore,  that  the 
battle  in  question  was  fought  at  Stonehaven,  in  Kincar- 
dineshire,  fifteen  miles  south  by  west  of  Aberdeen ;  others 
in  the  Lomond  hills  in  Fife;  and  others  again,  in  the 


Grampian  range  at  the  head  of  Forfarshire.  In  fine, 
every  antiquary  follows  his  own  whim  in  the  matter ;  all 
controversy,  therefore,  is  profitless.] 

SANDTOFT  REGISTER.  —  In  1634,  or  the  follow- 
ing year,  a  chapel  was  built  at  Sandtoft,  in  the  parish 
of  Belton,  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme,  for  the  use  of 
the  Flemish  and  Dutch  settlers,  who  were  then  en- 
gaged in  draining  the  level  of  Hatfield  Chase,  and 
cultivating  the  reclaimed  lands.  At  this  place 
the  various  ordinances  of  religion  were  performed 
in  the  French  and  Dutch  languages.  The  regis- 
ter of  the  chapel  was  carefully  kept  from  1641  to 
1681.  It  was  examined  by  the  late  Mr.  Hunter 
when  he  was  engaged  collecting  the  materials  for 
his  History  of  South  Yorkshire.  Where  is  it  now  ? 
I  am  anxious  to  consult  it  for  an  antiquarian  pur- 
pose. EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

Bottesford  Manor,  Brigg. 

[The  Sandtoft  register  was  a  portion  of  the  manuscript 
collections  of  George  Stovin,  Esq.,  of  Crowle.  When 
Joseph  Hunter,  in  1828,  wrote  his  History  of  South  York- 
shire, Stovin's  collections  were  in  the  possession  of  his 
grandson,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Stovin,  Rector  of  Rossington.  In 
1839,  when  the  Rev.  W.  B.  Stonehouse  published  his 
History  and  Topography  of  the  Isle  of  Axholme,  these  do- 
cuments belonged  to  Cornelius  Hartshorn  Stovin,  Esq.,  of 
Hirst  Priory.  Mr.  Stonehouse,  in  his  useful  work,  has 
not  only  given  a  biographical  account  of  the  Stovin 
family,  but  also  at  pp.  355-357,  a  list  of  the  names  of  the 
French  and  Walloon  Protestants  settled  at  Sandtoft  in  the 
seventeenth  century.] 

COCKPIT.  —  In  Mr.  Wilberforce's  Life,  vol.  i. 
p.  190,  he  states  that,  on  Dec.  3, 1788,  he  "  reached 
London,  and  attended  cock-pit  at  night."  A  young 
friend  having  inquired  of  me  what  this  meant, 
the  most  I  could  do  was  to  assure  her  that  it  could 
not  be  to  see  a  cock-fight.  Would  you  kindly 
enlighten  us  ?  C.  W.  B. 

[The  Cockpit  was  at  Whitehall.  After  the  fire  here  in 
1697,  it  was  converted  into  the  Privy  Council  Office,  and 
here,  in  the  Council  Chamber,  Guiscard  stabbed  Harley, 
Earl  of  Oxford.  The  Treasury  Minutes,  circ.  1780,  are 
headed  "  Cockpit." — Cunningham's  London,'] 


WONDERFUL  ANIMAL. 
(3rd  S.  iii.  387.) 

The  animal,  as  inferred  by  Dr.  O'Donovan, 
must  certainly  have  been  a  camel  or  dromedary, 
but  that,  in  my  opinion,  is  the  least  wonderful 
part  of  the  matter.  The  great  wonder  is,  from 
what  place  was  this  "  Wonderful  Animal  sent  to 
Ireland  by  Henry  VI.,  A.D.  1472"?  Henry,  as  is 
well  known,  having  died  in  the  previous  year,  to 
say  nothing  of  his  deposition  some  ten  years 
earlier.  Without  pursuing  that  inquiry,  how- 
ever, it  may  be  concluded  that  the  king  of  Eng- 
and  who  sent  an  animal  to  Ireland  in  1472  could 
ae  no  other  than  Edward  IV.  As  a  not  unin- 
:eresting  point  in  English  history,  I  should  not 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  IV.  JULY  25,  '63. 


pass  without  mention  the  fact  that  Henry  VI. 
had  a  short  period  of  restoration  to  the  throne 
immediately  preceding  his  death.  The  first  in- 
strument issued  in  his  name,  after  his  restoration, 
is  dated  the  9th  of  October,  1470,  and  thus  at- 
tested :  — 

"  Teste  meipso  apud  Westmonasterium,  nono  die  Octo- 
bris,  anno  ab  inchoatione  regni  nostri  quadragesimo  nono, 
et  readeptionis  nostrae  regim  potestatis  anno  prime." 

Indeed  all  documents  issued  by  Henry,  at  this 
period,  are  attested  in  the  same  words,  his  restored 
reign  not  lasting  a  year ;  for  the  battle  of  Barnet, 
fought  in  April,  1471,  hurled  him  from  the  throne, 
and  he  was  put  to  death  about  a  month  after- 
wards. His  last  instrument  extant  is  dated  the 
27th  March,  1471.* 

The  querist  asks,  in  reference  to  the  wonderful 
animal  being  in  Ireland,  "  to  whom  was  she  sent, 
and  why  ?  "  —  questions  most  difficult  to  answer, 
though  a  very  probable  explanation  of  the  strange 
beast's  presence  in  Ireland  may  easily  be  given. 
In  the  olden  time,  kings  possessed  a  kind  of  pre- 
scriptive right  of  being  the  sole  possessors  of  wild 
beasts  and  other  wonderful  animals,  which  were 
frequently  presented  by  one  crowned  head  to 
another.  But  such  appendages  of  royalty  being 
less  useful  than  ornamental,  more  expensive  than 
profitable,  monarchs  used  to  let  them  out  to  specu- 
lators for  certain  sums  of  money,  the  hirers  profit- 
ably reimbursing  themselves  by  exhibiting  the 
animals  in  various  parts  of  the  country.  These 
speculators  received  also  from  the  king  letters  of 
license,  authorising  them  to  wear  the  royal  livery ; 
to  beat  a  drum ;  to  exhibit  the  animals  in  fairs, 
markets,  and  borough-towns,  free  of  local  taxes  ;  to 
impress  horses,  wains,  ships  for  their  conveyance  ; 
to  claim  and  obtain  aid  and  protection,  in  then- 
lawful  pursuits,  from  all  magistrates,  constables, 
borough-reeves,  &c.  &c.  The  custom  of  hiring 
out  royal  animals  to  exhibitors  continued  down  to 
our  own  times,  and  without  doubt  was  the  origin 
of  showmen  placing  the  royal  arms  over  their 
booths  and  bill-heads,  and  wearing  the  cast-off 
uniforms  of  beef-eaters.  It  is  most  probable, 
then,  or,  indeed,  it  may  be  considered  certain, 
that  the  wonderful  animal  belonged  to  the  king, 
and  was  brought  to  Ireland  for  the  purpose  of 
exhibition;  and  that  the  word  "sent"  was  a 
slight  misconception  of  the  annalists,  caused  by 
the  exhibitor  holding  the  king's  license,  usually 
given  to  such  persons.  WILLIAM  PINKEETON. 


MISS  VANE:  "DISAPPOINTED  LOVE." 

(3rd  S.  iv.  4.) 

W.  D.   would  appear  to   have  fallen  into  an 
error,  owing  to  a  confusion  of  names.    Anne  Vane, 


*  See  Fcedera,  vol.  xi. 


"  The  Beautiful  Vanella,"  to  whom  Johnson's 
lines  refer,  and  whose  conduct  was  the  theme  of 
the  playwrights  of  the  time,  as  well  as  of  poets  and 
historians,  was  the  daughter  of  Gilbert,  Lord  Bar- 
nard, and  sister  to  the  first  Earl  of  Darlington. 
She  was  maid  of  honour  to  Queen  Caroline,  whose 
consideration  procured  for  her  apartments  in  St. 
James'  Palace  for  her  confinement,  where  was 
born  her  son,  who  on  June  17,  1732,  was  chris- 
tened by  the  name  of  Fitz-Frederick  of  Corn- 
wall. *  ' 

Lord  Baltimore,  one  of  the  Lords  of  the  Bed- 
chamber of  Frederick  Prince  of  Wales,  was  sent 
to  Vanella  to  say  how  necessary  it  was,  the  treaty 
for  his  marriage  being  then  nearly  concluded,  for 
the  prince  to  take  his  leave  of  her ;  and  as  the 
most  proper  manner  of  parting,  that  she  should 
go  immediately  for  two  or  three  years  to  Holland 
and  France ;  this  she  refused,  but  shortly  after- 
wards, by  the  advice  of  her  brother,  she  took  her- 
self to  Bath,  where  she  finished  her  unhappy  life,f 
not  without  suspicion  of  having  poisoned  herself. 
Her  son  predeceased  her  a  few  days,  J  and  Lord 
Hervey  relates  that  the  "  Queen  and  Princess 
Caroline  told  him  they  thought  the  prince  more 
afflicted  for  the  loss  of  this  child  than  they  had 
ever  seen  him  on  any  occasion." 

The  following  lines  have  reference  to  Vanella : 

"  Ev'n  man,  the  merciless  insulter  man, 
Man,  who  rejoices  in  the  sex's  weakness, 

Shall  pity  V ,  and  with  unwonted  goodness, 

Forget  her  failings,  and  record  her  praise." 

"  The  fairest  forms  that  nature  shows 

Sustain  the  sharpest  doom ; 
Her  life  was  like  the  morning  rose, 
That  withers  in  its  bloom." 

Anne  Vane,  who  was  disappointed  in  her  object 
of  marrying  Lord  Lincoln,  was  the  daughter  of 
Henry,  first  Earl  of  Darlington.  Born  in  May, 
1726,  she  was  in  her  nineteenth  year  when  she 
wrote  the  touching  verses  (quoted  by  W.  D.), 
dated  on  the  day  of  Lord  L.'s  marriage  with  her 
cousin,  Catherine,  eldest  daughter  of  the  Right 
Hon.  Henry  Pelham,  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer. 
By  this  marriage,  Lord  L.  ultimately  acquired  the 
large  possessions  of  the  Holies  family,  and  the 
ducal  coronet,  held  by  his  descendants. 

Anne  Vane  married,  in  March  1746,  the  Hon. 
Charles  Hope  Weir  of  Craigie  Hall,  son  of  Lord 
Hopetown.  HENRY  M.  VANE. 


GUE'RIN  DE  MONTAIGU. 

(3rd  S.  iv.  36.) 

I  think  it  will  be  difficult  to  show  that  Moreri 
is  correct  in  saying,  that  the  Earls  of  Salisbury 


*   Gent.  Mag.  vol.  ii.  173'2. 

t  Ibid,  vol.'vi.  1736. 

J  lbid.\o\.  vi.  1736,  pp.  112, 168. 


3'd  S.  IV.  JULY  25,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


73 


were  of  the  line  (trunk,  or  souche,~)  of  Gue*rin  de 
Montaigu  of  Auvergne. 

There  had  been  two  D'Evreux  Norman  Baron 
of  Salisbury  since  the  Conquest,  when  Stephen 
raised  a  third  successor  to  be  earl.  This  earl  was 
succeeded  by  his  son,  whose  daughter  and  heir 
(Ela),  on  marrying  William  de  Longespee,  na- 
tural son  of  Henry  II.,  took  with  her  estate  the 
title  of  Earl  to  her  husband.  The  great  grand- 
daughter of  the  latter  was  commonly  called  Coun- 
tess of  Salisbury ;  and  by  her  husband,  Henry  de 
Lacy,  Earl  of  Lincoln,  became  the  mother  of  two 
sons,  who  died  early ;  and  also  of  that  strong- 
minded,  loose-principled  Alice,  concerning  whom 
S.  S.  puts  a  Query,  at  p.  27,  I  shall  rejoice  to  see 
answered. 

The  next  Earl  of  Salisbury  was  one  by  creation, 
not  descent.  There  was  a  Norman,  Drogo  de 
Montacute,  who  came  over  with  the  Conqueror. 
His  grandson  was  the  first  Baron  of  Montacute. 
Five  barons  by  tenure  enjoyed  this  title ;  and 
these  were  followed  by  three  barons  by  writ, 
lineal  descendants  of  the  Norman  Drogo.  The 
last  of  these  barons  was  created  Earl  of  Salisbury 
by  Edward  III.  This  was  the  earl  who  lost  an 
eye  in  the  Scottish  wars,  and  who  exercised  the 
other  in  actively  ogling  the  ladies.  His  third 
successor  was  the  earl  who  fell  at  Orleans,  leaving 
no  heir  but  a  daughter,  who  married  Richard 
Nevill ;  and  who,  on  her  having  promise  of  a 
child,  enabled  Richard  to  call  himself  Earl  of 
Salisbury,  in  which  he  was  confirmed  by  patent. 
Their  son,  the  famous  Earl  of  Warwick  and  Salis- 
bury, left  two  daughters ;  of  whom  the  elder 
married  "  Malmsey  Clarence,"  who  was  styled 
Earl  of  Salisbury,  and  all  of  whose  honours  be- 
came forfeited.  But  the  title  of  Earl  of  Salisbury 
was  then  conferred  on  the  short-lived  son  of  the 
Duke  of  Gloucester  (afterward  Richard  III.),  by 
Lady  Anne,  the  other  daughter  of  the  famous 
Warwick.  This  earl  (a  Prince  of  Wales  too),  of 
course,  left  no  heirs ;  but  the  Duke  of  Clarence 
left  a  son  Edward,  and  a  daughter  Margaret. 
The  luckless  boy  was  better  known  by  the  title  of 
Warwick  than  of  Salisbury.  His  luckless  sister 
was  created  Countess  of  Salisbury  in  1513  ;  and, 
widow  of  Sir  Richard  Pole,  fell  on  the  scaffold  in 
1541.  Sixty- four  years  later,  the  title  of  Earl  of 
Salisbury  was  conferred  on  the  Hunchback  Cecil ; 
of  whose  line  the  seventh  successor  is  now  Mar- 
quis of  Salisbury..  But  in  Margaret  Pole  the 
Norman  line  of  Drogo  de  Montacute  expired — as 
far  as  the  Wiltshire  earldom  went. 

The  blood  of  the  Norman  has  not  died  out  in 
another  branch.  The  youngest  brother  of  John, 
third  Earl  of  Salisbury,  lineally  descended  from 
Drogo  de  Montacute,  was  Sir  Simon  Montacute, 
the  common  ancestor  of  the  late  Duke  of  Mon- 
tagu, the  late  Earl  of  Halifax,  and  of  the  present 
Duke  of  Manchester  and  the  Earl  of  Sandwich ; 


but  in  none  do  I  know  of  a  descent  from  the 
Guerins,  or  rather  the  Guerinis  of  Auvergne. 
Moreri  does  not  say  that  Drogo  himself  was  de- 
scended from  a  Guerini :  at  all  events  Drogo,  the 
Norman,  is  the  origin  of  the  Montacutes  and 
Montagus  of  whom  I  have  spoken. 

Some  of  the  baronies,  held  by  heirs  of  Drogo, 
have  fallen  into  abeyance.  That  of  Montacute  is 
claimed  by  Mr.  Lowndes  of  Whaddon ;  that  of 
Monthermer,  by  Mr.  Lowndes  of  Chesham.  Both 
of  these  gentlemen  must  have  been  looking  up 
pedigrees.  Do  they  know  anything  of  the  Gue- 
rinis of  Auvergne  as  the  souche  of  the  Montacutes, 
descendants  of  Drogo,  the  Norman  ? 

J.  DOEAN. 


Before  proceeding  to  answer  the  question  pro- 

gosed  by  your  correspondent  who  writes  from 
aen,  respecting  a  supposed  connection  between 
the  family  of  Montacute,  Earls  of  Salisbury,  and 
the  house  of  Guerin  de  Montaigu  (for  which 
Eugenie  de  Guerin  vouches  the  authority  of 
Moreri),  it  struck  me  that  it  would  be  well  in  the 
first  instance  to  ascertain  precisely  what  it  is 
that  Moreri  has  stated.  For  this  purpose  I  have 
referred  to  bis  dictionary,  but  I  have  not  suc- 
ceeded in  finding  the  statement  attributed  to  him. 
My  edition  is  the  fourth,  published  in  1687.  Some 
statement  of  the  kind  may  perhaps  have  found  its 
way  into  a  later  edition ;  but  if  so,  Moreri,  who 
died  in  1680,  is  not  answerable  for  it.  In  order 
to  facilitate  further  inquiry,  perhaps  your  corre- 
spondent will  have  the  kindness  to  verify  the 
reference  made  by  Eugenie  de  Guerin  ? 

MELETES. 


EXCHEQUER:  OR  EXCHECQUER— CHEQUE. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  43.) 

Since  addressing  to  you  my  "  Note  "  and  "  Qu  ery" 
under  the  above  heading,  a  friend  has  drawn  my 
attention  to  Madox's  History  of  the  Exchequer  of 
the  Kings  of  England,  London,  1711.  I  find  in 
chap.  iv.  p.  109  — 

'  III.  It  is  not  absolutely  certain  from  what  original  the 
word  Scaccarium "  (whence  Exchequer)  "  is  deduced. 
Divers  conjectures  have  been  made  about  it.  Perhaps 
the  most  likely  derivation  of  it  is  from  Scaccus  or  Scac- 
•um,  a  Chess  Board,  or  the  ludus  Scaccarum,  the  game  of 
:hess ;  a  game  of  great  antiquity.  And  the  Exchequer 
of  England  was  in  all  probability  called  Scaccarium, 
because  a  chequered  cloth  (figured  with  squares  like  a 
chess  board)  was  anciently  wont  to  be  laid  on  the  table 
"n  the  place  or  court  of  that  name.  In  truth  a  chequered 
:loth  itself  was  sometimes  called  Scaccarium.  From  the 
Latin  scaccarium  cometh  the  French  Eschequier,  or  Ex- 
chequier  (Ecliiquer);  and  the  English  name  from  the 
French.  Or  if  any  one  thinks  it  more  likely  that  the 
French  word  was  the  ancienter,  and  the  Latin  one  formed 
Vom  it,  I  do  not  oppose  them ;  nay,  I  incline  to  believe 
t  was  so  ....  Polydore  Virgil,  speaking  of  the 
Exchequer  as  instituted  in  England  by  King  William  1st, 


74 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  JULY  25,  '63. 


intimates  that  it  was  corruptly  called  Scacarium,  but 
ought  to  be  called  Statarium  from  its  stability,  and  as  it 
•was  the  Firm  Support  of  the  Crown  or  Kingdom ;  nothing 
being  of  greater  force  to  establish  a  kingdom  than  Re- 
venue." 

In  his  copious  and  erudite  notes,  Madox  quotes 
among  a  cloud  of  less  relevant  authorities,  Sir 
Thomas  Smith,  who  in  The  Commonwealth  of  Eng- 
land, p.  144,  says  :  — 

"  The  Exchequer  which  is  Fiscus  principis  or  jErarium 
publicum ;  and  I  cannot  tell  in  what  language  it  is  called 
Scaccarium.  Some  think  it  was  first  called  Statarium," 
Sfc.  Sfc. 

Then  Skene,  De  Verbor.  Signific.  ad  verbum 
Scaccarium,  says :  — 

"  Others  think  Scaccarium  is  so  called  a  similitudine 
ludi  scacchorum,  that  is,  the  Playe  of  the  Chesse ;  because 
mony  persones  convienes  in  the  checker  to  pleye  their 
causes  contrare  others,  as  gif  they  were  fechtand  in  ane 
arrayed  battell,  quhilk  is  the  form  and  order  of  the  said 
playe." 

And  Dufresne,  Gloss,  ad  vocem  Scaci,  remarks : 

"  From  what  original  the  word  Scaccus  cornea,  it  is 

not  certain.     Some  have  supposed  it  comes  from  the 

Arabick  or  Persick  word  Schach :  by  which  name  the 

chief  actor  in  the  game  of  chess  is  called." 

It  will  thus  be  seen  that,  centuries  ago,  wiser 
heads  than  mine  were  puzzled  to  determine  the 
precise  derivation  of  Scaccarium,  or  Eschequier, 
or  Exchequer.  The  learned  are  generally  agreed 
as  to  the  connection  between  the  court  of  the 
King's  Treasury  and  the  pattern  of  a  chess-board 
or  the  sign  of  the  chequers  ;  but  they  give  us  no 
reason  for  it.  Worthy  Maister  Skene  is  amusingly 
far-fetched;  Sir  Tho.  Smith  seems  to  incline 
somewhat  to  the  statarium  hypothesis ;  but  Du- 
fresne, I  think,  gets  a  nearer  inkling  of  truth 
when  he  surmises  that  Scaccus  may  be  of  Arabic 
or  Persian  extraction.  But  why  not  from  the 
Italian  Zecca,  as  from  the  oriental  Schach  ? 

GEORGE  AUGUSTUS  SALA. 

The  only  thing  I  can  add  to  ME.  SALA'S  inter- 
esting "  half  note  and  half  query,"  as  he  calls 
them,  on  the  Exchequer,  is  the  fact  that  the  table 
cover  on  the  table  of  the  Exchequer  Court  in 
Dublin  is  composed  of  a  thick  woollen  substance, 
made  in  squares  of  black  and  white,  resembling  a 
chess-board.  S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 


HORSE  POLICE  (3rd  S.  iv.  36.)  —  I  am  much  in- 
debted to  M.  L'EDITEUR  DE  MAURICE  ET  D'Eu- 
GENIE  DE  GUERIN  for  pointing  out  the  "  singular 
general,"  alluded  to  by  Wolfe.  His  name  has 
enabled  me  to  learn  more  about  Rantzau,  from 
the  pages  of  Biographic  Universelle.  Although 
the  solution  of  what  seemed  to  some  of  my  friends 
to  be  an  enigma  was  easy  to  M.  L'EDITEUR,  pro- 
bably the  Query  would  have  remained  unan- 


swered if  "N.  &  Q."  were  confined  to  English 
readers. 

In  another  letter  (dated  Aug.  1753),  Wolfe, 
alluding  to  the  frequency  of  highway  robberies  in 
the  neighbourhood  of  Blackheath,  says  :  — 

"  I  am  surprised  that,  in  the  counties  near  London, 
they  don't  establish  a  company  or  two  of  Light  Horse  to 
guard  the  public  reads,  or  pursue  these  vermin.  They 
need  not  be  military,  but  people  hired  for  that  purpose, 
with  good  pay,  and  entirely  under  the  Sheriff's  direc- 
tions. There  are  abundance  of  officers  that  would  be  glad 
of  such  employment ;  and  proper  men,  if  they  pay  them 
well,  might  easily  be  found.  They  have  what  they  call 
the  Marechaussee  in  France,  to  protect  travellers;  and 
people  travel  there  in  great  security." 

I  now  desire  to  learn,  through  your  useful 
columns,  when  the  horse  patrol,  or  county  con- 
stabulary, was  first  established  in  England  ?  with, 
if  possible,  a  reference  to  some  authority  upon  the 
subject. 

May  I  add  that,  having  collected  a  great  num- 
ber of  Wolfe's  unpublished  letters,  I  shall  feel 
much  obliged  to  any  of  your  correspondents  who 
may  supply  me  with  copies  of  others  ?  I  have 
reason  to  think  that  there  are  some  more  of  Wolfe's 
original  letters  in  the  hands  of  autograph  collec- 
tors, who  would  willingly  contribute  to  what  has 
long  been  considered  a  desideratum — a  complete 
"  Life  of  General  Wolfe."  ROBT.  WRIGHT. 

102,  Great  Russell  Street,  W.C. 

THEODOLITE  (3rd  S.  iv.  51.) — I  have  read  PRO- 
FESSOR DE  MORGAN'S  Note  and  Query  about  the 
derivation  of  Theodolite.  On  that  matter  I  can 
give  no  certain  opinion ;  but  I  have  very  little 
doubt  that  it  is  a  corruption  of  some  Arabic  name 
for  such  an  instrument.  I  have,  however,  in  my 
possession  a  very  curious  instrument  made  in 
Germany  in  1587,  which  I  have  always  considered 
to  be  a  theodolite,  perhaps  the  earliest  extant.  It 
is  formed  on  the  principle  of  the  astrolabe,  and 
seems  calculated  to  measure  angles  both  vertical 
and  horizontal,  besides  doing  various  other  curi- 
ous things.  I  should  very  much  like  PROFESSOR 
DE  MORGAN  to  see  it.  The  only  day  I  shall  have 
at  my  command  after  this  appears  in  print  will 
be  Monday  the  27th  of  this  month  ;  and  if  he  could 
do  me  the  favour  to  call  on  me  some  time  before 
two  o'clock  on  that  day,  should  he  be  in  London 
and  disengaged,  he  will  give  me  much  pleasure 
and  confer  a  favour  on  me. 

OCTAVIUS  MORGAN. 

9,  Pall  Mall. 

YEALAND  AND  ASHTON  (3rd  S.  iii.  429.)— Yealand 
Conyers  and  Yealand  Redmayne  are  villages 
near  Lancaster.  There  is  an  Ashton  also  near 
Lancaster,  but  not  on  the  same  side  as  Yealand. 
Not  having  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  by  me,  I 
am  by  no  means  sure  they  are  the  places  wanted. 
The  pronunciation  is  Yelkmd,  P.  P, 


3>-<<  S.  IV.  JULY  25,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


MAYORS'  ROBES  (3rd  S.  iii.  448.) — lam  not 
aware  that  there  is  any  rule  or  custom  as  to  the 
colour  of  mayors'  robes,  but  scarlet  is  certainly 
not  confined  to  the  mayors  of  cities,  for  it  is  the 
colour  which  has  been  used  iu  the  borough  of 
Great  Yarmouth  "  without  time  of  memory."  In 
1541,  it  was  ordered  that  the  aldermen  should 
wear  at  the  assemblies  "  as  well  as  in  the  Church 
on  Sundays  and  Holy  Days  "  gowns  and  straight 
hose,  and  that  those  who  were  or  had  been  bailiffs 
(or  chief  magistrates)  gowns  of  scarfed,  with  fur  tip- 
pets, and  doublets  of  velvet,  "  after  the  ancient  and 
honourable  custom  of  the  town  without  time  of  me- 
mory used"  In  1551,  Gilbert  Grice,  having  made 
"  a  reasonable  excuse  "  for  not  wearing  his  scarlet 
gown  was  "  pardoned "  on  condition  that  he  pro- 
cured a  new  one  before  the  ensuing  Michaelmas. 
In  1612,  it  was  ordered  that  such  aldermen  as  had 
been  bailiffs  should  wear  their  "scarlet  gowns  with 
tippetts,  and  such  as  had  not,  without  tippetts." 

In  1760  gowns  of  scarlet  or  crimson  damask 
were  first  used,  similar  to  the  one  still  used  by  the 
mayor  at  Yarmouth  on  state  occasions  (as  on 
presenting  the  Yarmouth  address  to  the  Prince 
and  Princess  of  Wales),  and  gowns  of  scarlet  cloth, 
trimmed  with  black  velvet,  continued  to  be  worn 
by  all  aldermen  who  had  not  served  the  office  of 
mayor,  down  to  the  passing  of  the  Municipal  Cor- 
poration Act.  C.  J.  P. 

MONUMENTAL  BRASS  (3rd  S.  iv.  8.)  —  Awhile 
after  the  sale  mentioned  by  MB.  PEACOCK,  I 
chanced  upon  its  notice  in  a  Gentleman's  Maga- 
zine, describing  an  oaken  panel  which  had  been 
sold  thereat,  with  the  escutcheons  impaled  and  sepa- 
rate of  the  Swyfte  and  the  Reresby  families,  upon 
the  marriage  of  Lionel,  a  son  of  Sir  John  Reresby 
of  Thryberg,  with  Anne,  a  daughter  of  Sir  Robert 
Swyfte  of  Rotheram.  Mr.  Sotheby,  who  had 
conducted  the  sale,  informed  me  that  the  panel 
in  question  had  been  purchased  by  a  gentleman 
in  East  Retford,  to  whom  I  wrote  stating  my  de- 
scent from  the  Swyfte  of  Rotheram  (more  an- 
ciently Swyffte),  and  soliciting  as  an  especial 
favour  its  transfer  to  myself.  The  acquisition  of 
this  family  record  was  signally  enhanced  by  the 
prompt  kindness  wherewith  it  was  conceded  to 
me — sacrificed  rather — by  the  philarchaism  of  its 
liberal  possessor ;  to  whose  lot  had  its  companion 
panel  likewise  fallen,  he,  I  am  persuaded,  would 
have  been  doubly  kind,  and  I  should  have  been 
doubly  fortunate. 

Sir  Robert  Swyfte  was  the  father  of  Viscount 
Carlingford,  so  created  by  James  I.,  whose  daugh- 
ters married  into  the  Houses  of  Bute,  (Crichton, 
and  Dumfries)  of  Egjintoun,  of  Buckingham,  and 
of  Denbigh.  His  title  has  of  late  years  been 
assumed  by  its  nearest  inheritor,  Godwin  of 
Swyfte's  Heath,  Kilkenny,  the  tenth  Viscount  de 
jure ;  and  will  soon,  I  trust,  be  regularly  substan- 
tiated. 


The  panel  had  been  discovered  by  Mr.  Holmes, 
a  diligent  antiquary  in  his  day,  forming  the 
skirting  board  of  a  barn  ("  To  what  base  uses," 
&c.),  and  obtained  by  him  for  the  substitution  of 
a  plank  equally  serviceable. 

EDMUND  LENTHAI,  SWIFTE. 

"VIRGIN!  PARITUIUE"  (3rd  S.  iv.  5.)  — The 
image  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary  at  Chartres  re- 
ferred to  in  the  communication  of  J.  R.  is  said 
to  have  been  carved  a  century  before  the  birth  of 
our  Blessed  Saviour,  in  a  forest  in  the  midst  of 
the  plains  of  La  Beauce,  by  order  of  Priscus 
King^of  the  Chartrains,  and  to  have  been  set  up 
with  the  inscription,  "  Virgini  Pariturse,"  in  the 
same  place  where  it  is  still  seen,  which  was  at  that 
time  a  grotto  where  the  Druids  offered  their  sacri- 
fices. It  is  also  recorded  that  St.  Potentianus, 
the  Apostle  of  Sens,  who  had  been  sent  by  St. 
Peter  into  France,  made  some  stay  at  Chartres, 
where  he  blessed  this  image,  and  dedicated  the 
grotto  as  a  church  in  the  year  46.  (See  L'Abbe 
Orsini,  Hist,  de  la  Mere  de  Dieu  et  de  son  culte, 
t.  ii.  p.  379.)  F.  C.  H. 

BRIDPORT,  ETC.  (3rd  S.  iv.  27.)  — I  am  not 
aware  that  there  is  any  work  extant  on  the  local 
history  of  this  interesting  old  town.  In  a  forth- 
coming part  of  Messrs.  Shipp  &  Hodson's  new 
edition  of  Hutchins,  however,  there  will  be  large 
additions  made  to  any  previously-published  no- 
tice, chiefly  gathered  from  original  documents  by 
one  of  its  indefatigable  editors.  On  their  behalf, 
I  feel  bound  to  say  that  they  are  sparing  neither 
time,  labour,  or  expense  in  the  accomplishment 
of  their  herculean  task ;  and  for  myself,  I  may 
venture  to  add  that  all  the  assistance  I  can  pos- 
sibly render  is  cheerfully  and  constantly  afforded 
them.  Your  correspondent,  as  nobody  is  so 
thoroughly  aware  as  myself,  largely  overrates  my 
services ;  but  I  am  glad  to  say  that  they  are  re- 
ceiving far  more  valuable  aid  from  another  quar- 
ter; and  that  there  seems  to  be  every  prospect 
that,  when  the  work  is  completed,  it  will  be  ac- 
knowledged to  be  a  contribution  to  English  County 
History,  not  altogether  discreditable  to  our  age 
and  generation.  C.  W.  BINGHAM. 

The  only  work  on  this  subject  besides  "  old 
Hutchins's  Dorset"  is  a  small  pamphlet  entitled — 

"  The  History  and  Topography  of  Bridport,  Dorset.  A 
Lecture  by  Joseph  Maskell,  Divinity  Associate  of  King's 
College,  London,  and  Assistant  Curate  of  Allington  and 
Walditch.  Bridport :  W.C.  Frost,"— 

which  is  very  fair  so  far  as  it  goes,  and  scarcely 
needs  the  indulgence  the  writer  very  modestly 
solicits. 

The  article  relating  to  this  place  will  shortly 
appear  in  the  next  number  of  the  republication 
of  Hutchins's  Dorset,  and  will  embrace  some  new 
and  interesting  particulars  gleaned  from  amongst 
the  old  papers  of  the  corporation,  to  which  the 


76 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  JULY  25,  '63. 


editors  have  been  kindly  permitted  access,  as  well 
as  from  other  sources.  The  editors,  presuming 
that  MR.  SYMES  refers  to  their  republication  of 
Hutchins,  in  speaking  of  the  Rev.  C.  W.  BINGHAM 
(for  the  sense  of  his  communication  is  not,  on  this 
point,  quite  clear),  beg  to  say  that,  from  the  first, 
that  gentleman  has  kindly  "  rendered  them  essen- 
tial service."  W.  S.  &  S.  W.  H. 

"  OLD  DOMINION  "  (lrt  S.  ix.  468;  x.  114,  235  ; 
xi.  246.)  —  Some  years  ago  much  discussion  took 
place  in  your  columns  about  Virginia  being  called 
"  Old  Dominion,"  with  no  satisfactory  conclusion 
as  to  the  cause  thereof,  an  idea  prevailing  that  it 
was  owing  to  Charles  II.  having  been  invited  to 
reign  there  during  our  Commonwealth,  and  in 
gratitude  for  such  invitation,  that  monarch  was 
supposed  to  have  allowed  the  colony  to  quarter 
the  arms  of  England,  Ireland,  and  Scotland,  as  an 
independent  member  of  the  "  Old  Dominion." 
This  hypothesis  was,  however,  combated  by  ME. 
BALCH  of  Philadelphia  (1st  S.  xi.  246),  who  con- 
tended from  documentary  evidence  that  the  story 
of  Charles  having  been  actually  invited  to  reign 
in  Virginia  is  without  any  foundation.  I  believe 
the  solution  of  the  whole  question  may  be  deduced 
from  the  dedication  of  Spenser's  Faerie  Queene  to 
Queen  Elizabeth,  wherein  occur  these  words :  — 

"  Elizabeth  by  the  grace  of  God  Queene  of 
England,  France,  and  Ireland,  and  of  Virginia, 
Defender  of  the  Faith,"  &c. 

Here  we  have  Virginia  as  a  fourth,  on  an 
equality  with  the  other  parts  of  her  dominions ; 
hence  may  fairly  be  deduced  the  quartering  of 
arms,  and  [at  a  later  period,  when  the  American 
possession  was  divided,  Virginia  would  be  looked 
upon  as  entitled  to  the  distinctive  name  of  "  Old 
Dominion." 

That  the  true  explanation  of  the  quartering  is 
from  Queen  Elizabeth's  time,  is  much  strengthened 
by  the  following  words  of  Speed  in  his  Prospect  of 
the  World,  1676,  p.  9:  — 

"  Virginia  carries  in  her  name  the  happy  memory  of 
our  Elizabeth,  and  under  that  name  at  its  first  discovery ; 
for  it  was  anciently  called  by  the  natives  Apalchen,  com- 
prehending all  that  tract  of  Northern  America  which  hath 
since  been  divided  into  several  jurisdictions,  each  under 
their  distinct  name,  viz.,  New-England,  New-York, 
Maryland,  and  Virginia." 

Lastly,  the  old  Virginian  motto  given  by  UNEDA, 
(1"  S.  x.  235),  —  "En!  dat  Virginia  quartam," 
exactly  agrees  with  the  wording  of  Spenser's  de- 
dication to  Queen  Elizabeth.  My  copy  of  Spenser 
is  the  fol.  ed.  1617. 

It  may  further  be  noted  that  the  shield  described 
by  UNEDA  contains  the  arms  of  France  in  one 
of  its  four  divisions,  thus  agreeing  with  Spenser. 

A.  B.  MlDDLETON. 

The  Close,  Salisbury. 

LAW  OF  LAUEISTON  (3rd  S.  iv.  31.)— It  appears 
from  the  Lists  of  the  Freeholders  of  the  County 


of  Edinburgh,  first  printed  in  1812  in  the  Edin- 
burgh Almanack,  that  "  F.  J.  W.  Law  of  Lauris- 
ton"  was  among  the  number.  And  it  is  well 
recollected  that,  as  such,  he  voted  at  a  contested 
election  that  year.  His  name  is  continued  in  the 
Lists  till  1825,  not  later.  How  did  he  stand  con- 
nected with  the  great  financier  ?  G. 
Edinburgh. 

QUEEN  ISABELLA,  "  THE  CATHOLIC  "  (3rd  S.  iii. 
444.) — The  REV.  JOHN  DALTON  is  (however  little 
he  may  like  the  name)  too  warm  and  earnest  a 
Protest&nt.  Mr.  Bergenroth  has  to  deal  with 
facts  ;  and  if  these  show  that  we  have  too  highly 
estimated  Queen  Isabella's  character,  we  must 
accept  the  inferences,  however  unpleasant.  If 
ME.  DALTON  is  called  on  to  protest,  let  him  first 
deal  with  facts.  There  has  doubtless  been  a  very 
chivalrous  feeling  in  favour  of  Queen  Isabella. 
I  have  felt  it  myself  in  visiting  her  grave,  and 
contemplating  the  beautiful  repose  of  her  monu- 
mental figure  at  Granada ;  and  I,  therefore,  dis- 
like the  facts  which  have  been  brought  to  light. 
They  modify  my  admiration  for  Isabella,  though 
I  do  not  protest  against  them,  nor  do  I  see  to 
what  result  such  protests  can  lead.  I  do  not  pro- 
test against  the  acts  of  Don  Pedro  el  Cruel, 
though  MB.  DALTON  may  protest  against  his 
being  thus  designated. 

ME.  DALTON  concludes  with  a  very  odd  ques- 
tion :  "  Does  Mr.  Bergenroth  hope  to  exalt  Queen 
Elizabeth  by  endeavouring  to  lower  the  character 
of  her  namesake,  Isabella  of  Spain  ?  Let  us 
trust  that  such  is  not  his  intention."  But  why 
should  "  Queen  Elizabeth^  of  famous  memory,"  be 
thus  brought  in  ?  and  what  has  she  to  do  with 
the  matter  ?  No  doubt  that  ME.  DALTON  remem- 
bers that  he  translated  and  published  Hefele's 
so-called  "Historical  Parallel  between  Isabella. of 
Spain  and  Elizabeth  of  England  "  (in  The  Life 
of  Cardinal  Ximenes)  ;  and  thus  he  fancies  that 
whatever  dims  the  lustre  of  the  one,  is  a  scheme 
for  adding  to  the  fame  of  the  other.  I  suppose 
that  he  would  regard  any  reply  to  his  invectives 
against  Queen  Elizabeth  as  charges  against  Isa- 
bella. And  yet  it  is  some  effort  for  our  credulity 
to  believe  that,  "  if  the  Inquisition  under  Isabella 
killed  one  thousand,  the  Reformation  by  Eliza- 
beth slew  ten  times  the  number !  "  Perhaps  ME. 
DALTON  has  heard  of  the  bull  of  excommunica- 
tion against  Elizabeth,  authorising  her  subjects 
to  kill  her.  Perhaps  he  may  be  informed  that  no 
Romanist  who  would  take  the  oath  of  allegiance 
to  the  queen  would  have  been  molested  at  all. 
But  I  do  not  think  that  ME.  DALTON  would  have 
wished  Elizabeth  to  have  been  assassinated  by  his 
co-religionists  :  "  perpetual  imprisonment "  might 
have  sufficed.  He  says  :  — 

"  As  we  regret  that  Queen  Mary  of  England  was  forced, 
in  a  manner  (though  some  Spanish  Friars  protested 


3>-<»  S.  IV.  JULY  25, '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


77 


against  it),  to  burn  Cranmer,  Ridley,  and  Latimer,  so  do 
we  deplore,  with  Balmes,  that  Philip  allowed  so  many  to 
be  executed  at  Valladolid;  when  perpetual  imprisonment 
might,  perhaps,  have  equally  served  the  ends  of  justice." — 
P.  xxxvii.  (Ms.  DALTON'S  own  words.) 

A  consistent  Protestant  can  afford  to  protest 
against  all  persecution :  against  imprisonment  or 
banishment,  as  well  as  against  putting  men  to 
death  for  religion,  by  whomsoever  done.  "  Sinite 
utraque  crescere  usque  ad  messem."  L^BLIUS. 

REV.  JOHN  SAMPSON  (3rd  S.  iv.  24.) — Possibly 
the  late  Rev.  Dr.  Sampson,  Rector  of  Groton, 
Suffolk,  who  kept  a  finishing  school  for  grown-up 
young  gentlemen  at  Petersham,  Surrey,  and  died 
there  in  1826,  may  have  been  a  son  or  relative  of 
the  Rev.  John  Sampson  your  correspondent  men- 
tions. Dr.  Sampson's  tomb  is  to  be  seen  in  Peter- 
sham churchyard.  A. 

He  took  the  degree  of  B.D.  as  a  member  of 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  in  1803.  As  to  him 
see  Gent.'s  Mag.,  N.  S.,  xix.  545 ;  Nicholson's  An- 
nals ofKendal,  2nd  edit.,  194. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

DEATH  OF  THE  CZAR  NICHOLAS  (3rd  S.  iv. 
28.) — It  is  a  popular  delusion  in  this  country, 
that  the  late  Emperor  of  Russia  died  suddenly  in 
1856,  not  1855.  An  authentic  and  very  interest- 
ing account  of  the  last  hours  of  his  majesty  has 
been  published  at  St.  Petersburgh,  originally  in 
the  Russian  language,  on  the  24th  of  March,  1855. 
The  brochure  was  supposed  to  have  been  the  joint 
production  of  the  pens  of  Archpresbyter  W.  B.  Ba- 
janoff,  confessor  to  the  late  Czar,  and  of  Dr.  Arndt, 
his  majesty's  principal  physician.  The  pamphlet 
was  soon  translated  into  English,  for  the  benefit 
/  of  many  of  the  British  subjects  who  inhabit  many 
parts  of  the  empire  of  Russia. 

I  happened  to  have  preached  the  coronation 
sermon  in  the  British  chapel,  on  the  Sunday 
before  the  enthronement  of  Alexander  II.,  at 
Moscow,  in  1856.  On  the  Monday  following,  I 
received  as  a  present  (I  think  from  H.  R.  H.  the 
Prince  von  Oldenburg)  a  copy  of  the  original,  as 
well  as  an  English  translation  of  The  Last  Hours 
of  the  Life  of  the  Emperor  Nicholas  I. 

I  intended  to  have  furnished,  for  the  especial 
behoof  of  X.,  a  few  interesting  extracts  from 
the  above-mentioned  publication ;  but  on  second 
thoughts,  I  came  to  the  conclusion  to  wait  till 
they  are  asked  for. 

M.  MARGOLIOUTH,  LL.D.    ; 

DAFFY'S  ELIXIR  (3rd  S.  ii.  348,  398.)  — The 
inventor  of  this  celebrated  medicine  was  not  the 
Mrs.  Daffy  who  died  in  Salisbury  Court,  August 
30,  1732,  but  the  Rev.  Thomas  Daffy,  Rector  of 
Redmile,  in  the  vale  of  Belvoir,  who  died  1688. 


As  to  him,  see  Nichols's  Leicestershire,  ii.  302, 
422;  iii.  521. 

His  son,  of  the  same  name,  was  admitted  a  pen- 
sioner of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  June  16, 
1666  ;  was  B.A.  1669-70,  M.A.  1673,  and  in  the 
latter  year  became  head  master  of  Melton  Mow- 
bray  school.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

RALEGH  ARMS  (3rd  S.  iv.  33.) — These  are  given 
in  Lysons's  Magna  Britannia  ("Devonshire,"  vol.  i. 
p.  clxix.),  Sir  Walter  Ralegh,  after  parting  with 
his  estates  in  Devonshire,  purchased  property  at 
Boxwell,  Leighterton,  and  Whitminster,  in  the 
county  of  Gloucester,  in  which  county  his  ances- 
tors possessed  considerable  estates  at  Edgeworth 
and  elsewhere.  Sir  Walter  held  his  property 
until  it  was  forfeited  to  the  crown  by  the  act  of 
his  attainder  for  high  treason,  when  it  was  granted 
to  Peter  Vanlore,  merchant.  The  identity  of  the 
Devonshire  and  Gloucestershire  families  is  shown 
in  the  Calend.  Inq.,  p.  m.  6  Hen.  IV.,  No.  28, 
p.  301.  The  Raleghs  possessed  Edgeworth*  about 
two  hundred  and  twenty  years. 

SAMUEL  LYSONS. 

FtWe  Collinson's  History  of  Somersetshire,  iii.  541. 
In  the  windows  of  Nettlecombe  Church,  among 
other  arms  are,  "  Gules,  a  bend  fusilly  argent; 
Raleigh."  There  is  also  a  sepulchral  effigy  in 
stone  of  "  Sir  Simon  de  Raleigh,  in  armour, 
having  on  his  shield  the  family  coat,  a  bend  fu- 
silly. This  was  the  bearing  of  the  antient  Earls 
Marshal  of  England,  and  adopted  by  the  family 
of  Raleigh,  when  they  became  feudal  tenants 
under  those  lords ;  but  the  more  antient  arms  of 
Raleigh  were  six  cross-croslets." 

Copies  from  the  original  grants  of  Nettlecombe, 
alluded  to  above,  are  given  in  Collectanea  Topo- 
graphica  and  Genealogica,  vol.  ii.  163  ;  see  also 
p.  391  ;  and  for  several  other  documents  regard- 
ing the  Raleighs  of  Nettlecombe,  see  Trevelyan 
Papers,  parts  1  and  2,  printed  by  the  Camden 
Society,  1857—1863.  W.  C.  TREVELYAN. 

Wallington. 

ST.  YUSTE  (3rd  S.  iii.  455.)  —  We  ourselves 
talk  of  St.  Saviours,  St.  Cross,  St.  Sepulchres  ; 
or  of  Holy  Isle,  Holy  Tintern,  &c.,  &c.  Why 
should  not  the  St.  have  been  prefixed  to  Yuste 
by  a  similar  form  of  speech  ?  P.  ?• 

WALSALL-LEGGED  (3rd  S.  iv.  27.) — The  natives 
of  Walsall  are,  or  at  least  used  to  be,  looked 
down  upon  by  their  neighbours  as  peculiarly  un- 
couth. This  circumstance  is  well  illustrated  by 
an  anecdote  that  I  remember  to  have  heard  of  a 
gentleman  living  in  the  last  century,  who  in 

*  See  Sir  Robert  Atkyns's  History  of  Gloucestershire 
(Edgeworth  &  Turkdean)  ;  see  also,  Gloucestershire 
Achievements,  by  Rev.  S.  Lysons,  p.  21. 


78 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  IV.  JULY  25,  '63. 


walking  through  a  street  in  Birmingham,  hap- 
pened to  jostle  against  a  passer-by.  The  man 
jostled  against  vented  his  wrath  upon  the  stranger 
by  calling  after  him  that  he  was  "  A  Wctsall 
tyke,  that  had  never  been  in  Brummagem  be- 
fore." P.  S.  C. 

EARLDOM  OF  ERROL  (3rd  S.  iv.  23). — ^A-propos 
to  nomination  by  a  peer  of  his  successor,  I  read 
J.  M.'s  communication  with  my  copy  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
lying  on  the  Story  of  Lord  Bacoris  Life.  In  the 
former,  Lord  Campbell  is  stated  to  have  said  that, 
in  no  civilised  country  had  the  crown  ever  dele- 
gated to  a  peer  the  privilege  of  nominating  his 
successor. 

In  Mr.  Hepworth  Dixon's  volume  the  author 
records  (p.  337)  :  — 

"  In  January,  1618,  the  Lord  Keeper  received  the 
higher  title  of  Lord  Chancellor,  with  the  offer  of  a  peer- 
age for  himself,  and  a  second  peerage  for  his  personal 
profit.  This  second  peerage,  which  was  offered  to  Sir 
Nicholas  (Bacon's  elder  brother),  was  declined.  For 
himself  he  chose  the  title  of  Verulam,  the  Roman  name 
of  St.  Alban's." 

Here,  at  least,  is  an  instance  of  a  man  having 
the  privilege  of  nominating  a  peer.  As  for  the 
claim  against  which  Lord  Campbell  spoke — that 
of  Lord  Fitzhardinge  to  the  Barony  of  Berkeley  by 
tenure — the  decision  thereon  by  the  Committee 
of  Privileges  (as  Mr.  Horwood  remarks  in  his 
edition  of  the  Year-Books  of  the  Reign  of  Edward 
the  First"),  "does  not  decide  that  barony  by  tenure 
does  not  exist."  (Page  xxxv.)  J.  DORAN. 

In  confirmation  of  the  statement  under  "  Earl- 
dom of  Errol,"  that  it  was  held  competent  in 
Scotland  for  the  Crown  to  delegate  to  a  subject 
the  power  of  nominating  his  successor  to  his  peer- 
age, it  may  be  noticed  that  the  dukedom  and 
estate  of  Roxburgh  are  held  under  a  deed  granted 
in  1648  by  Robert  Earl  of  Roxburgh.  It  was  so 
granted  in  virtue  of  a- Charter  of  1646,  whereby 
the  Crown  (under  the  royal  sign  manual)  autho- 
rised the  Earl  to  nominate  as  his  successors  (failing 
the  heirs  of  his  own  body)  any  persons  whatso- 
ever he  might  choose.  The  parties  his  lordship 
selected  were  entirely  different  from  those  who 
would  have  succeeded  under  the  previous  des- 
tination of  the  estate.  G. 

"  MILLER  OF  THE  DEE"  (3rd  S.  iv. 49.)— -On  a 
reperusal  of  this  popular  song  (first  line,  "  There 
was  a  jolly  miller  "),  I  cannot  but  think  it  alto- 
gether of  English  origin,  and  not  in  any  way 
"  related,"  as  your  correspondent  suggests,  "  to 
one  of  the  Scotch  Dees."  Possibly,  however,  the 
idea  of  its  Scottish  affinities  may  be  due  to  the 
couplet  quoted  by  your  correspondent :  — 

"  I  care  for  nobody,  no  not  I, 
If  nobody  cares  for  me." 

Two  very  similar  lines  occur  in  a  short  bul 
spirited  song  by  Robert  Burns,  with  which,  says 


Lockhart,  "  Burns  welcomed  his  wife  to  her  roof- 
tree  at  Ellisland."     The  following  is  the  second 
stanza   of   this    song,   which   may  be  found  in 
Blackie's  ed.  of  Burns,  1843,  vol.  ii.  p.  43  :  — 
"  I  am  naebody's  lord  — 

I'll  be  slave  to  naebody ; 
I  hae  a  guid  braid  sword, 

I'll  tak'  dunts  frae  naebody. 
I'll  be  merry  and  free, 

I'll  be  sad  for  naebody ; 
If  naebody  care  for  me, 
ril  care  for  naebody" 

SCHIN. 

RICHARD  WESTBROOK  BAKER  (3rd  S.  iii.  489) 
was  born  at  Baldock,  co.  Herts,  July  4,  1797,  and 
died  at  Cottesmore,  co.  Rutland,  January  30, 
1861,  aged  sixty-three.  T.  MILBODKN. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

Collections  towards  the  History  of  Printing  in  Nottingham- 
shire, with  an  Index  of  Persons  and  Subjects.  By  the 
Rev.  S.  F.  Creswell,  M.A.  (J.  R.  Smith.) 
Local  Typography  has  hitherto  been  too  much  neglected. 
In  following  the  example  of  Dr.  Bliss,  Mr.  Creswell  is 
performing  good  service  to  the  history  of  English  Litera- 
ture ;  and  how  carefully  he  is  doing  his  work  may  be 
seen  in  the  fact  that  he  shows  that,  instead  of  the  first 
book  having  been  printed  in  Nottingham  in  1714  (that 
honour  being  usually  assigned  to  Parkyns's  Hug-  Wrest- 
ler), four  books  were  printed  there  in  1713,  and  no  less 
than  eleven  in  the  following  year.  This  is  sufficient  to 
prove  the  care  and  diligence  with  which  Mr.  Creswell  has 
collected  his  materials ;  while  the  mode  in  which  he  has 
printed  the  titles  gives  them  almost  the  effect  of  being 
fac-similes ;  and  the  whole  book  is  rendered  more  useful 
and  valuable  by  a  good  Index. 

Egyptian  Myilwhgy  and  Egyptian  Christianity,  with  their 
Influence  on  the  Opinions  of  Modern  Christendom.  By 
Samuel  Sharpe,  Author  of  The  History  of  Egypt.  (J.  R. 
Smith.) 

This  little  volume  serves  to  show  that,  although  the 
old  Egyptian  race  has  ceased  to  be  a  nation  for  more  than 
1,200  years,  during  which  its  history  has  been  neglected 
and  its  very  existence  often  forgotten,  yet  the  Egyptian 
mind  has  still  a  most  important  influence  upon  our  modern 
civilisation.  Few  of  our  readers  will  suspect  that  the 
Wedding  Ring  in  our  Marriage  Service ;  the  Marriage  of 
the  Adriatic ;  our  Twelfth-Night  Drawing  of  King  and 
Queen;  and  our  Twelfth  Cakes,  are  all  traces  of  Egyptian 
opinion  which  still  obtain  among  us.  The  volume  is  a 
very  interesting  one. 

Tlie  Fine  Arts  Quarterly  Review.  No.  I.  (Chapman  & 
Hall.) 

It  is  certainly  somewhat  remarkable  that  in  this  coun- 
try, which  is  the  richest  in  the  world  in  collections  of 
paintings,  drawings,  and  objects  of  art  generally,  there 
should  exist  but  one  periodical  solely  dedicated  to  this 
interesting  subject.  That  there  was  room  for,  and  a  want 
of  the  present  journal,  the  names  of  those  who  figure  in 
the  opening  number  sufficiently  testify :  and  the  lists  of 
contributors  who  have  promised  their  assistance,  and  of 
the  subjects  which  are  to  be  treated  of  in  succeeding 
numbers,  are  guarantees  for  the  permanence  of  the  Fine 
Arts  Quarterly  Review.  Our  best  notice  of  it  will  be  a 


3rd  S.  IV.  JULY  25,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


79 


sketch  of  its  contents,  which  are  as  follows :— "  English 
Painting  in  1862,"  by  Mr.  Tom  Taylor;  "The  Raphael 
Collections  of  the  Prince  Consort,"  by  Dr.  Becker  and 
Mr.  Ruland ;  Mr.  Woodward's  (the  Editor)  "  Discoveries 
among  the  Drawings  in  the  Boyal  Collection ;  "  "  Early 
History  of  the  Royal  Academy,"  by  Mr.  Redgrave ;  "  The 
Loan  Museum  of  South  Kensington,"  by  Mr.  Digby 
Wyatt;  "The  Tenison  Psalter,"  by  Mr.  Bond;  "The 
Italian  Sculpture  at  South  Kensington,"  by  Baron  de 
Triquetti ;  "  Principles  of  Design  in  Architecture,"  by 
Mr.  Palgrave ;  "  Points  of  Contact  between  Science  and 
Art,"  by  Mr.  Atkinson;  "Catalogue  of  the  Works  of 
C.  Visscher,"  by  Mr.  William  Smith ;  and  Mr.  Robinson, 
"  On  the  Preservation  and  Restoration  of  Paintings  and 
Drawings."  These  are  followed  by  a  number  of  shorter 
articles,  which  make  altogether  a  most  capital  first  num- 
ber of  a  journal  which  deserves,  and  we  think  will  com- 
mand, the  patronage  of  all  lovers  of  art. 

Tlie  Herald  and   Genealogist.     Edited  by  John  Gough 
Nichols,  F.S.A.    Part  V.    (Nichols  &  Son.) 
We  must,  owing  to  our  limited  space,  content  ourselves 
with  calling  the  attention  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  to 
this  Fifth  Part  of  Mr.  J.  G.  Nichols's  valuable  journal. 


BOOK  EXCHANGE. 

I  ain  much  gratified  in  finding  that  my  pro- 
posal for  the  establishment  of  a  Book  Exchange 
has  met  attention  in  various  quarters,  and  hope 
that  something  advantageous,  in  the  cause  of 
books  and  literature,  may  result  from  it.  The 
support  which  it  has  received,  and  the  oppor- 
tunities given  for  its  discussion  in  "N.  &  Q." 
will  much  conduce  to  this  end.  I  trust  that  all 
success  will  attend  the  practical  measure  already 
set  on  foot  through  this  publication,  and  an- 
nounced in  the  last  page  of  the  last  number. 
Perhaps  I  may  be  allowed  to  say  that  one  or  two 
important  elements  seem  to  me  still  absent  from 
it,  though  it  may  be  that  these  will  follow.  I 
mean,  1st,  the  opportunity  for  one  desirous  to  ex- 
change of  seeing  the  book  which  he  would  receive, 
often  most  important  from  condition,  size  of  print, 
binding,  &c.  And  2ndly,  it  seems  to  me  that  a 
payment  of  money  is  contemplated,  rather  than 
an  exchange  of  books,  on  both  sides.  Possibly  I 
may  be  mistaken  in  this  interpretation  of  the 
notice,  and  at  all  events  there  is  every  expecta- 
tion that  a  measure  adopted  by  those  who  so  well 
understand  literary  men  and  literary  matters  will 
turn  out  favourably.  FRANCIS  TRENCH. 

Islip,  near  Oxford. 

%*  We  fear  MR.  TRENCH'S  plan  simply  to  ex- 
change books  for  books,  and  not  for  money,  would 
not  be  found  practicable.  A  may  have  the  very 
book  which  B  is  in  search  of,  but  B  has  no  book 
which  A  would  care  to  add  to-  his  library.  But 
B  pays  A,  which  enables  A  to  select  from  books 
in  the  possession  of  C,  D,  or  E ;  and  thus  the 
object  is  accomplished  by  means  of  sale  which 
would  fail  entirely  if  confined  to  barter.  With 
respect  to  MR.  TRENCH'S  suggestion,  as  (o  the  op- 


portunity which  A  may  desire  to  have  of  seeing 
the  book,  that  he  may  judge  of  its  condition,  we 
may  announce  that  arrangements  will  be  made 
for  such  a  purpose.  But  to  judge  from  the  small 
number  of  lists  which  have  been  sent  to  us  for 
our  experimental  Number,  the  scheme  is  either 
not  yet  generally  understood  or  sufficiently  ap- 
preciated, or,  what  is  probably  the  case,  many 
who  would  avail  themselves  of  it  are  leaving  home, 
and  have,  at  the  present  holiday  season,  neither 
time  nor  inclination  to  look  out  their  superfluous 
volumes. 

Under  these  circumstances,  we  publish  our 
FIRST  LIST  because  we  have  announced  that  we 
would  do  so ;  but  shall  delay  the  publication  of  a 
SECOND  LIST  until  we  have  received  a  larger 
number  of  communications  upon  the  subject,  and 
in  the  meantime  we  shall  avail  ourselves,  as  far  as 
possible,  of  many  ingenious  suggestions  for  the 
successful  development  of  THE  BOOK  EXCHANGE 
with  which  kind  friends  have  supplied  us. 

Our  bookselling  friends  will  understand  that 
our  Lists  are  not  intended  to  supply  the  place  of 
their  Catalogues. — ED.  "  N.  &  Q." 

A  Collection  of  Patristic  MSS.  of  the  twelfth,  thirteenth, 
and  fourteenth  centuries,  bound  for  the  most  part  in 
whole  white  vellum,  with  a  complete  descriptive  cata- 
logue :  — 

1.  *Bedse  Explan.  in  Evan.  S.  Lucse.  (Cent.  13.) 

2.  *S.  Gregorii  M.  Epistolse.  (Cent.  13.) 

3.  Vol.  i.  S.  Gregorii  M.  Moralium  lib.  iii.  iv. ;  Vol.  ii. 
lib.  v.  vi.    (Cent,  12,  written  for  monastery  of  St.  Mary 
Magd.  of  Rengisvalle.) 

4.  Bedae  Expositio  Libri  Primi  Samuelis.  (Cent.  13.) 

5.  *0rigenis  Homilia?  in  Ev.  S.  Matthaei.  (Cent  12.) 

6.  fHugo  de  S.  Victore,  Liber  de  Sacramentis.  (Cent. 
12.) 

[A  MS.  of  great  interest,  coeval  with  the  author.] 

7.  fS.  Hieronymi  Interpretatio  super  Explanationem 
Hieremiae.  (Cent.  12.) 

8.  fS.  Hilarii  Pictav.  Opera  varia.  (Cent.  12.) 

9.  -j-Angelomi  Luxov.  Explanatio  ex  Opusculis  Docto- 
rum  super  Libros  Regum.  (Cent.  12.) 

[With  corrections  in  the  handwriting  of  Alulfus  of 
Tournay.] 

10.  *S8.  Ambrosii,  Athanasii,  et  aliorum    Opuscula. 
(Cent.  12.) 

11.  *B.  Augustini  Opuscula.  (Cent.  12.) 

12.  fB.  Augustini  Sermones  in  Johannem,  part  11.,  &c. 
(Cent.  11  or  12.) 

13.  *Hegesippi  de  Bello  Judaico  libri  v.   (Cent.  12.) 

14.  f  Alulfi  Gregorialis  pars  4ta.  (Cent.  12.) 

[A  most  important  MS.,  the  autograph  of  the  author, 
who  died  1140,  containing  the  unpublished  part  of  the 
Gregoriale.] 

15.  fHieronimi  super  Isaiam  pars  la.  (Cent.  12.) 

[In  the  handwriting  of  Alulfus.  A  MS.  of  great  value.] 

16.  Innocentii  Papas  III.  Opuscula  quaedam.  (Cent.  14.) 

17.  S.  Augustini  Opuscula  quadam.  (Cent.  14.) 

18.  S.  Augustini  Confessiones  et  alia  Opuscula.    (Cent. 
13.) 

19.  S.  Hieronymi  Opuscula.  (Cent.  12.) 

20.  *S.  Gregorii  M.  Homiliae  in  Ezechielem.  (Cent.  13.) 

21.  Bedaj  Comment,  in  Evang.  S.  Marci.  (Cent.  13.) 

22.  Retractationes  Bedw  Presbvt.  in  Actus  Apostolo- 
rum.  (Cent.  13.) 


80 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


O<«  S.  IV.  JOLT  25,  '63. 


23.  S.  Ambrosii  Comment,  super  Lucam.  (Cent.  13.) 
[A  beautiful  MS.  in  excellent  preservation.] 

24.  fPetri  Cantoris  Verbum  Abreviatum.  (Cent  13.) 
[The  author  died  1197.] 

25.  Missale  Romanum,  vel  Romano  Gallicnm.  (Cent. 
12.) 

[This  is  a  MS.  of  very  great  interest  and  importance, 
and  contains  the  obits  of  several  illustrious  personages  of 
France  and  England.] 

26.  *Liber  Exodi,  cum  glossa  ordinaria  et  interlineari, 
et  Comment.  Rabini  Mauri.  (Cent.  14.) 

27.  *Liber  Levitici,  cum  eisdem.  (Cent.  14.) 

28.  "Jeremias,  cum  eisdem.  (Cent  14.) 

[These  three  vols.  are  all  apparently  in  the  same 
hand.] 

29.  Rabani  Tractus  super  Actus  Apostolorum.  (Cent 
12.) 

30.  "  Epistolae  SS.  Angustini  et  Jeronimi  quas  sibi  invi- 
cem  dirigunt  disputantes."  (Cent.  12.) 

31.  Expositio    Berengarii    [read    Berengaudi]    super 
Apocalypsim.  (Cent.  12.) 

[A  MS.  of  great  value,  settling  the  authorship  of  this 
curious  work.] 

32.  Homiliae  B.  Gregorii  Papae.  (Cent.  14.) 

[The  forty  Homilies  of  S.  Gregory  on  the  Dominical 
Gospels.  It  was  enjoined  by  many  synods  and  other  au- 
thorities, that  ail  parish  priests  should  have  a  copy  of 
these  forty  Homilies.] 

33.  Homilias  xl.  B.  Gregorii  in  Evangelic.   (Cent.  13.) 

34.  Summa  Virtutum.  (Cent.  15.) 

[Attributed  to  GuiL  Peraldus  or  de  Petra-alta,  who 
died  1275.  This  MS.  once  belonged  to  the  Benedictines 
of  S.  Justina  of  Padua.] 

The  volumes  marked  *  belonged  to  the  Abbey  of  St. 
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Holy  Bible  (Douay).  5  vols.  12mo.  Edinburgh,  1796. 
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Practice  of  Christian  Perfection.  Rodriguez.  Vols.  ii. 
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Travels  of  an  Irish  Gentleman  in  search  of  a  Religion. 
Moore.  2  vols.  12mo.  London,  1833.  3*. 


ta  Carrcsponttmts. 


J.  D.    The  tines  by  Ben  Jonson— 

"  My  mind  to  ra»  a  kingdom  is: 

Such  perfect  joy  therein  I  find, 
A*  far  exceeds  all  earthly  blue, 

That  God  and  Nature  hath  assiirn'd. 
Though  much  I  want  that  most  would  have, 
Yet  still  my  mind  forbids  to  crave," 

were  «ei  to  aaaic  by  Byrd,  <md  viB  be  found  ra  AM  Psaknes,  SoneU.  and 
Songs  of  Sadness,  1588. 

DIOGEVIS.    We  cannot  furnish  the  address  of  any  delineator  of  cha- 
racter by  hand-writing. 

T.  B.  R.    All  the  instances  of  toman  fecundity  alluded  to  move  beta, 
vx  belittf,  already  referred  to  in  "  K.  &  Q." 

ERRITA.  —  3rd  S.  iv.  p.  38,  col.  ii.  line  9.  /or  "draw  "  read  "drawer  ;  " 
p.  49,  col.  i.  line  18,/or"  Dance  "  read  "  Douce  ;"  p.  56,  col.  ii.  line  U 
from  bottom,/br  ••  Ddlfyn,  the  little  spring  "  read  "  Dolfyn,  the  spring  in 
i  the  valley." 

'       "NOTES  AXD  QCEKIES"  if  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  ii  also 

.   itmed  in  MOXTHIT  PABTS.    The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 

Six  Month*  forwarded  direct  from  the.  Pubivthen  (incindintj  the  Half- 

yearly  IXMXI  is  11*.  ti,  which  mag  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 

/atxntr  of  MESSRS.  Bux  AND  DALDT,  184,  FLEET  STKIIT.  E.C  ,  to  whom 

\  aOCanMoxicATioMi  roa  THE  Eonon  *bovld  be  ad'ireaed, 


Full  benefit  of  reduced  duty  obtained  by  purchasing  Horniman's  Pure 
Tea;  very  choiceatZs.  4d.  andtt.    "High  Standard"  at  *».  4d.  (for- 
|   merit/  4*.  Sti.J,  U  the  strangest  and  most  delicioui  imported.    Agents  in 
erery  town  supply  it  in  Packet*. 


3r<»  s.  IV.  JULY  25,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

f  T      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY   SOCIETY. 

Caitr  O»PIC»«:  I,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H. E.  Bicknell,  Esq. 

T.Somers  Cocke,Esq.,M.A.,J.P. 

Oeo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 


xieury  r.  f  uiioi,  **a\i. 

3.  H.  Goodhart.  Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,  M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 

Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.  A. 
Actuary — Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 


Director*. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.  Howard,  D.C.L. 

Jai«es  Hunt,  Esq. 

John  Leigh.  Esq. 

Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 

F.B.  Marson.Esq. 

E.  Vansittart  Neale,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq., M.A. 

Jag.  Lj  s  Seaeer,  Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White,  Esq. 


Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Hates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  tne  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

M  >  DIC  AL  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOR  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANSDITIM 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14*. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


O  S  T   E    O       E  X  X>  O  IT. 

Patent,  March  1,  1862,  No.  560. 

ABRIEL'S     SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH 


and 


\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  cost*. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED  DENTISTS, 

27,  Harley  Street.  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 
134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 

Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
men 
Trei 

Al 
guineas  per  sec,  warranted. 

JC.  and  J.  FIELD,  Original  Manufacturers  (in 
•  England)  of  PARAFFINE  CANDLES,  to  whom  the  prize 
medal  (1862)  has  been  awarded,  and  their  Candles  adopted  by  her 
Majesty's  Government  for  use  at  the  Military  Stations  abroad.  These 
Candles  can  be  obtained  of  all  Chandlers  and  Grocers  in  the  United 
Kingdom.  Price  Is.  8d.  per  ib.  Also  Field's  celebrated  United  Service 
Soap  Tablets,  6rf.  and  \d.  each.  The  Public  are  cautioned  to  see  that 
Field's  label  is  on  the  packets  or  boxes.  Wholesale  only,  and  for 
Exportation,  Upper  Marsh,  Lambeth,  London,  S. 


uonsuitations  gratis,    i  or  an  explanation  01  tneir  various  improve- 
ents,  opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
reatise  on  the  Teeth."    Post  Free  on  application. 
American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 


Now  ready,  18mo,  coloured  wrapper.  Post  Free,  6d. 

GOUT    AND    RHEUMATISM.     A  new 

.,  by  DR.  LAV1LLE  of  the  Faculty  of  Medicine,  Paris,  ex- 
_  jitine  a  perfectly  new,  certain,  and  safe  method  of  cure.    Translated 
by  an  English  Practitioner. 
London:   FRAS.  NEWBERY  &  SONS,  45,  St.  Paul's  Church  Yard. 


JD 

AN    G 

\J     work. 
hlbiting  a  p 


TTOLLOWAY'S  PILLS.  —  Nothing  preserves  the 

_I_L  health  so  well  as  an  occasioi  al  alterative  when  the  heat  is  so 
oppressive,  »nd  the  nerves  arc  unstrunar.  These  Pills  act  admirably  on 
the  stomach,  liver,  and  kidneys;  and  so  thoroughly  purify  the  blood, 
that  they  are  most  efficient  in  warding  off  nausea,  fever,  diarrhoea, 
dysentery,  and  other  maladies,  so  rife  through  our  summers.  All,  who 
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their  families'  health,  cannot  do  better  than  trust  to  Holloway's  Pills- 


THE    LIVERPOOL     AND    LONDON 
FIRE  AND  LITE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 
Established  in  1836 — Empowered  by  Special  Acts  of  Parliament. 
OPKICM  :  —  1 ,  Dale  Street,  Liverpool  i  20  and  21,  Poultry  London,  E.G. 
The  ANNUAL  REPORT  for  the  past  year  shows  the  following 
results— which  evidence  the  progress  and  position  of  the  Company. 

ACCUMULATED  FUNDS  £1,417  .MH*  8g.  441. 

Annual  Premiums  in  the  Fire  Department        -       -    £436,OO5 

Annual  Premiums  in  the  Life  Department        -       -     £138,703 

The  liability  of  the  Proprietors  is  unlimited. 

SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 
JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 


THE  NATURAL  WINES  of  FRANCE.  — J. 
CAMPBELL,  Wine  Merchant.  158,  Regent  Street,  recommends 
attention  to  the  following  CLARETS,  selected  by  himself  on  the 
Garonne:  —  Vin  de  Bordeaux  (which  greatly  improves  by  keeping  in 
bottle  two  or  three  years),  20s.;  St.  Julien,  22s.;  La  Rose,  26s.;  St. 
Estephe,  36s.;  St.  Emilion,  42s.;  Haut  Brion,  48s.;  Lafitte.  Latour, 
and  Chateau  Margaux.  60s.  to  84s.  per  dozen.  J.  C.'s  experience  and 
known  reputation  for  French  wines  will  be  some  guarantee  for  the 
soundness  of  the  wine  quoted  at  2(te.  per  dozen— Note.  Burgundies  from 
36s.  to  54;.;  Chablis,  26s.  and  30,«.  per  dozen.  E.  Clicquot's  finest  Cham- 
pagne, 66s.  per  dozen.  Remittances  or  town  references  should  be  ad- 
dressed JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 


PARTRIDGE     &.    COZENS 
Is    the   CHEAPEST    HOUSE  in   the    Trade   for 

PAPER  and  ENVELOPES,  fcc.  Useful  Cream-laid  Note,  2*.  3d.  per 
ream.  Superfine  ditto.  3s.  3d.  Sermon  Paper,  3s.  erf.  Straw  Paper,  it. 
Foolscap,  6s.  6d.  per  Ream.  Black  bordered  Note,  5  Quires  for  1*. 
Super  Cream  Envelopes,  6d.  per  100.  Black  Bordered  ditto,  Is.  per 
100.  Tinted  lined  India  Note  (S  Colours),  5  Quires  for  Is.  6d.  Copy 
Books  (Copies  set),  Is.  6d.  per  dozen.  P.  &  C.'s  Law  Pen  (as  flexible 
as  the  Quill),  2s.  per  gross.  Name  plate  engraved,  and  100  iesf  Cards 
printed  for  3s.  6d. 

JITo  Charge  for  Stamping  Arms,  Crests,  tic.  from  om  Dies. 

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Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS, 

Manufacturing  Stationers,  1 ,  Chancery  Lane,  and  192,Fleeti-t.E.C. 


WINES  OF  FRANCE,  SPAIN,  ETC. 

HEDGES    &   BUTLER  solicit  attention  to  their 
pure 

ST.     JULIEN    CLARET, 

at  2nj. ,24s. ,30s.,  and  36s.  per  dozen;  La  Rose,  42s.;  Latour,  54s.;  Mar- 
gaux, 60s.,  72s.; Chateau,  Lafitte,  72s.,  8Js.,  96s.;  superior  Beaujolais, 24«. ; 
Macon,  30s.,  36s.;  choice  Burgundy,  48s.,  60s.,  72s., 84*.;  pure  Chablis, 
30s.,  36s.,  48s.;  Sauterne,  48s.,  72s.;  Roussillon,36s.;  ditto,  old  in  bottle. 
42s. ;  sparkling  Champagne,  42s.,  48s.,  60s.,  66s.,  78s. 

SUPERIOR  GOLDEN  SHERRY, 
of  soft  and  full  flavour,  highly  recommended,  at  36s.  per  dozen. 

Good  dinner  Sherry Ms.    to  30*. 

High  class  Pale,  Golden,  or  Brown  Sherry 42s.    „    48*. 

Port,  from  first-class  Shippers 36s.  42s.  48s.    „    60s. 

Hock  and  Moselle 30s.  36s.  48s.  60s.    „  120*. 

Sparkling  Hock  and  Moselle 60s.  66*.    „   78*. 

Fine  old  Sack,  rare  White  Port,  Imperial  Tokay,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Constantia,  Vermuth,  and  other  rare  Wines.  Fine  Old  Pale 
Cognac  Brandy,  60*.  and  72*.  per  dozen.  On  receipt  of  a  Post-office 
Order  or  Reference,  any  quantity,  with  a  Priced  List  of  all  other  Wines, 
will  be  forwarded  immediately  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
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[3'd  S.  IV.  JULY  25,  '63. 


THE  PIOUS  ROBERT  NELSON. 


Now  ready,  8vo,  with  Portrait,  price  10s.  6rf. 

LIFE    AND   TIMES    OF   EGBERT   NELSON, 

Author  of  "  COMPANION  TO  THE  FASTS  AND  FESTIVALS  OF  THE  CHURCH." 
BY    THE    R  E  V.    C.     F.     S  E  C  R  E  T  A  N, 

Incumbent  of  Holy  Trinity,  VauxhaO.  Bridge  Road. 


"  Mr.  Becretan  has  done  Churchmen  service  by  this  excellent  companion  volume  to  Mr.  Anderdon's  Life  of  Ken,  written  as  it  is  with  unaffected 
sense  and  feelinc,  and  as  the  result  of  considerable  research.  The  work  is  well  and  carefully  done  as  a  whole,  and  is  written  with  a  right  spirit, 
and  in  a  fair  and  sensible  tone." — Guardian. 

"  Mr.  Secretan  has  given  us  a  careful,  discerning,  and  well-written  account  of  an  English  worthy,  whose  works  are  familiar  as  '  household 
words '  in  moat  homes,  and  whose  life  was  spent  in  deeds  of  Christian  philanthropy."— Morning  Post. 

"  Mr.  Secretan's  biography  is  worthy  to  take  its  place  by  the  side  of  those  which  old  Izaak  Walton  has  left  us,  and  Nelson  was  just  such  a 
character  as  Izaak  Walton  would  have  loved  to  delineate.  The  record  of  his  devout  and  energetic  life  is  most  interestingly  traced  by  Mr.  Secretan.' ' 

JohnBM. 

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and  Queries. 

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Robert  Nelson." — Oentleman's  Magazine. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  ALBEMARLE  STREET,  W. 


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No.  83. 


SATURDAY,  AUGUST  1,  1863. 


C  Price  Fourpence. 

t  Stamped  Edition,  5</. 


THE   QUARTERLY  REVIEW,  No.  CCXXVIL, 
is  published  THIS  DAY. 

CONTENTS  : 
I.  AUSTRIA. 
II.  NATURAL  HISTORY  OF  THE  BIBLE. 

III.  GLACIAL  THEORIES. 

IV.  OUR  COLONIAL  SYSTEM. 
V.  WASHINGTON  IRVING. 

VI.  MODERN  SPIRITUALISM. 
VIL  THE  NILE— AFRICAN  DISCOVERIES. 
VIII.  SACRED  TREES  AND  FLOWERS. 
IX.  ROME  AS  IT  IS. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street. 

THE  INTELLECTUAL  OBSERVER: 
Review  of  Natural  History,  Microscopic  Research,  and  Recreative 
Science.    No.  XIX.,  AUGUST,  1863.    Price  One  Shilling. 

CONTENTS : 
Micro-Lepidoptera  (Coleophora  or  Tent  Makers).    By  L.  Lane  Clarke. 

With  a  Coloured  Plate,  delineating  14  Microscopic  Objects. 
The  Sources  of  the  Nile.    By  Professor  D.  T.  A  listed,  M.A.,  F.R.S. 
On  Camphor  Pulsations.    By  Charles  Tomlinson. 
A  Visit  to  Llandudno.    By  Henry  J.  Slack,  F.U.S. 
Notes  on  the  Mole.    By  the  Rev.  J.  G.  Wood,  M.A.,  F.L.S. 
The  Study  of  Mosses. 
Ophrydiura  versatile.    By  the  Rev.  W.  Houghton.M.A.,  F.L.S.    With 

a  Tinted  Pl»te. 

Allotrophy.    By  W.  B.  Trezetmeier. 
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By  Charles  Chambers. 
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T.  W.  Webb,  M.A..F.R.A.S. 
Proceedings  of  Learned  Societies. 
Notes  and  Memoranda. 

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)LACKWOOD'S    MAGAZINE,    for   AUGUST, 

)    1863.    No.  DLXXIV.    Price  2*.  &d. 
CONTENTS  : 

A  Visit  to  an  Insurgent  Camp  :  Letter  from  Poland No.  III. 

Caxtoniana.-Part  XV III. 

No.  24.— On  some  Authors  in  whose  Writings  Knowledge  of  the 

World  is  eminently  displayed. 
Novels. 

Translations  of  Horace. 
Indian  1'rosperity. 
George  Cruik  shank. 

The  State  and  Prospects  of  the  Church  of  England Conclusion. 

In  the  Garden. 

Chronicles  of  Carlineford :  The  Perpetual  Curate—Part  III. 

Captain  Speke's  Welcome. 

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EPIGRAMS,    Ancient   and   Modern;    Humorous, 
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Edited,  with  an  Introductory  Preface",  by  the  Rev.  JOHN 
BOOTH,  B.A.,  Cambridge. 

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CONTENTS  OF  No.  82.  —  JULY  25ra. 

NOTES  :  —  Hudibrastic  Couplet  —  Archbishop  Leighton' 
Library  at  Dunblane  —  The  "  Faerie  Queene  "  Unveilec 

—  Traitors'  Gate,  Tower  of  London. 

MINOE  NOTES  :  —  Curious  Anachronism  by  an  Old  Drama 
tist  —  Errata  in  King's  "  Life  of  Locke  "  —Rolling  the  R'i 

—  Letters  of  Marque  —  A  Niece  of  Oliver  Goldsmith. 

QUERIES  :  —  Apparitions  —  "  Boadicea  "  —  Robert  Burni 
and  George  the  Fourth  —  Catherine  de  Medicis  —  Cow 
thorpe  Oak,  near  Wetherby,  Yorkshire  —  German  Drama 

—  Heraldic  Queries  —  Cardinal  Howard  —  Johnstone  the 
Freemason  —  Longevity  of   Incumbents  —  "Macbeth"  — 
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Ridings  —  St.  Germain  —  Sugar-tongs  like  a  Stork. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS:—  Radnorshire  Rhyme  —  Jacob's 
Staff  —  Agricola's  Victory  —  Sandtoft  Register  —  Cock 
pit. 

REPLIES  :  —  Wonderful  Animal  —  Miss  Vane  :  "Disap 
pointed  Love  "  —  Gu6rin  de  Montaigu  —  Exchequer 
or  Exchecquer  —  Cheque  —  Horse  Police  —  Theodolite  — 
Yealand  and  Ashton  —  Mayors'  Robes  —  Monumenta 
Brass  —  "  Virgini  Pariturae"  —  -Bridport,  &c.  —  "Old  Do- 
minion"— Law  of  Lauriston  —  Queen  Isabella,  "the  Ca- 
tholic "  —  Rev.  John  Sampson  —  Death  of  the  Czar  Nicholas 

—  Daffy's  Elixir  —  Ralegh  Arms  —  St.  Yuste  —  Walsall- 
leeged  —  Earldom  of  Errol  —  "  Miller  of  the  Dee  "—Richard 
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.  IV.  AUG.  1, '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


81 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  AUGUST  1,  1863. 


CONTENTS.— N».  83. 

NOTES:  — Sir  Basil  Brooke,  81  — Folk  Lore:  The  Bairn's 
Piece  —  St.  Patrick  and  venomous  Creatures  in  Ireland  — 
Superstition  in  Siberia  —  Lincolnshire  Proverb  —  Great 
Crosby  Goose  Feast, 82  —  Eing  Mottoes,  83— Strange  De- 
rivations, 84. 

MlifOB.  NOTES: — America  and  See  of  London  —  Regimen- 
tal Honours— A  Lady's  Dress,  1762  — Plague  Pit  — Old 
Bedlam —  Grape,  and  Seaside-Grape,  84. 

QUERIES :—  Habits  of  the  Bat  — Families  of  Beke  and 
Speke — Bivouac — Casting  in  Plaster  —  Central  Africa — 
Madame  de  Genlis —  Herod  the  Great  —  Merchant's  Mark 
— "  Oscotian  Literary  Gazette  "  —  The  Termination  "  ot " — 
Political  Caricatures  —  Proverb  —  Cardanus  Rider  and  his 
British  Merlin  —  Right  Honourable  —  Somersetshire 
Churches  —  Old  Stafford  Ballad,  86. 

QUEEIES  WITH  ANSWEBS: —  "Siege  of  Belgrade"  —  Gon- 
dola —  Cook's  Castle,  near  Shankliu,  Isle  of  Wight  —  Gas- 
par  de  Navarre :  Spengle  —  Tanjibs  —  Quotations  Wanted 

—  Sir  Rowland  Heyward  —  Bishop  Fowler,  88. 

REPLIES  :  —  Major-General  Lambert,  89  —  Archbishop 
Harsnet  and  Bishop  Ken,  92  —  The  Knights  Hospitallers 
of  St.  John,  &c.,  Ib.  —  Queen  Isabella,  "  the  Catholic,"  93 

—  Cast  from  Cromwell's  Face  —  Inscription  at  Trujillo  — 
Law  of  Adultery — Alicia  de  Lacy  —  Whitehall  —  Mr.  John 
Collet :  Dr.  Collet — Captain  Thomas  Kerridge — Godolphin : 
White  Eagle — Hopton  Family  —  Meaning  of  Bouman — 
Handasyde  —  Sermons  upon  Inoculation  —  Execution  by 
Burning  —  Prince  Christiern  of  Denmark  —  Bell  Litera- 
ture —  Dogs  —  Binding  a  Stone  in  a  Sling  —  The  Tylee 
Family  —  Mr.  Greville  —  Crush  a  Cup— Fairy  Cemeteries 

—  Flodden  Field  —  Family  of  Bray  —  Inscription   in  the 
Mosque  of  Cordova,  Spain  —  James  Shergold  Boone  —  Ori- 
gin of  the  Word  Bigot,  &c.  94. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


SIR  BASIL  BROOKE. 

In  F.  G.  Ellis's  Catalogue  of  Old  Books,  1861, 
.is  the  following  article  :  — 

"869.  Brooke  (Basil),  Entertainments  for  Lent  (Dedi- 
cated to  Queen  Henrietta  Maria)  16 — ,  12mo.  Beauti- 
fully engraved  frontispiece." 

We  have  not  found  any  other  mention  of  this 
book.* 

We  presume  that  the  author  was  Sir  Basil 
Brooke  of  Madeley,  in  Shropshire,  one  of  the  lead- 
ing Roman  Catholics  in  the  reign  of  Charles  I. 

The  following  facts  relating  to  him  (collected 
from  many  sources)  may  be  acceptable  to  your 
readers. 

He  was  grandson  of  Sir  Robert  Brooke,  Chief 
Justice  of  the  Common  Pleas,  and  was  probably 
son  of  Sir  Basil  Brooke,  who  was  knighted  at 
Belvoir  Castle,  April  23,  1603 ;  he  himself  being 
knighted  at  Highgate,  Majr  1,  1604.  A  Sir  Basil 
Brooke  of  Lubbenham,  in  Leicestershire,  was 
sheriff  of  that  county  in  3  James  I.  There  is  ex- 
tant a  letter  dated  1613  from  Sir  Basil  Brooke  to 
Sir  Robert  Cotton. 

In  1615  he  was  one  of  the  farmers  of  the  iron- 

[*  See  Dr.  Bliss's  Catalogue,  First  Portion,  Nos.  766, 
767,  for  two  copies  of  this  work.  It  is  by  N.  Caussin, 
"  Englished  by  Sir  B.  Brook,  1672."— ED.] 


works  in  the  Forest  of  Dean,  and  shortly  after- 
wards mention  occurs  of  his  manufacturing  steel 
under  a  patent  to  Elliot  and  Meysey.  This  steel 
it  appears  was  worthless ;  and  on  July  2,  1619, 
an  order  was  made  directing  proceedings  to  be 
taken  for  revoking  the  patent. 

William  Bishop,  Bishop  of  Chalcedon,  died  at 
bis  seat  called  Bishop's  Court,  near  London,  April 
16, 1624.  Anthony  a  Wood  (who,  however,  names 
not  Sir  Basil  Brooke)  says,  "  Where  that  place  is, 
except  in  the  parish  of  St.  Sepulchre,  I  am  yet  to 
seek." 

John  Giffard,  Esq.,  having  built  a  house  situate 
in  Shropshire,  but  adjoining  upon  Staffordshire, 
lying  between  Tong  Castle  and  Brewood  in  a  kind 
of  wilderness,  invited  Sir  Basil  Brooke  with  other 
friends  and  neighbours  to  a  house-warming  feast. 
Sir  Basil  was  desired  to  give  the  house  a  name  ; 
he  aptly  called  it  "Boscobel"  (from  the  Italian 
Boscobello,  which  in  that  language  signifies  fail- 
wood)  because  seated  in  the  midst  of  many  fair 
woods. 

In  1635,  being  then  in  the  sixtieth  year  of  his 
age,  he  was  very  active  in  supporting  the  cause  of 
the  regulars  against  episcopal  government  in  Eng- 
land. He  was  treasurer  of  the  contributions  made 
by  the  Roman  Catholics  towards  defraying  the 
king's  charges  of  the  war  against  Scotland. 

On  Jan.  27, 1640-1,  the  House  of  Commons  made 
an  order  requiring  Sir  Basil  Brooke  and  other 
Royalists  forthwith  to  attend  the  house.  On  April 
24,  1641,  it  appearing  from  a  report  of  the  Ser- 
jeant-at-Arms  that  he  had  withdrawn  himself,  the 
House  ordered  that  if  he  did  not  come  in  before 
May  10,  his  majesty  should  be  moved  to  issue  a 
proclamation  for  his  apprehension,  and  a  copy  of 
the  order  was  to  be  left  at  his  lodging.  On  Nov. 
16  in  the  same  year  certain  members  of  the 
House  of  Commons  were  ordered  to  take  care  for 
setting  a  guard  upon  his  house,  and  searching  the 
same  for  persons  suspected  of  high  treason.  It 
appears  that  the  object  of  suspicion  was  one 
Father  Andrews,  a  priest. 

On  Jan.  11,  1641-2,  the  House  of  Commons 
ordered  that  in  the  execution  of  their  warrant  for 
apprehending  Sir  Basil  Brooke,  the  serjeant  should 
require  all  sheriffs,  &c.,  to  assist,  and  should  use 
all  possible  diligence.  He  was  taken  at  York  a 
few  days  afterwards.  John  Camden  Hotton's 
Hand-Book  to  the  Topography  and  Family  History 
of  England  and  Wales  contains  the  following  :  — 

"6638.  The  Parliament's  Endevors  for  settling  the 
Peace  in  this  Kingdom  with  the  manner  of  apprehending 
Sir  Basil  Brooks  at  the  City  of  Yorke,  4to,  1642. 

"He  was  hid  at  Geo.  Dickinson's  inne,  the  sign  of 
the  Three  Cuppes,  upon  Fosse  Bridge.  The  account  of 
his  hiding  for  four  days  in  his  room  and  his  capture  are 
very  interesting." 

On  Jan.  25,  1641-2,  the  Commons  ordered  Sir 
Basil  Brooke  to  be  brought  to  the  House  from 


82 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


S.  IV.  AUG.  1,  '63. 


York ;  and  on  the  27th  of  the  same  month  cer- 
tain members  were  instructed  to  make  stay  of  his 
trunks,  and  to  use  their  best  endeavours  to  appre- 
hend his  servant,  who,  being  apprehended,  they 
were  to  examine. 

On  Aug.  27,  1642,  an  order  was  made  by  the 
House  for  removing  him  from  the  custody  of  the 
serjeant  to  the  King's  Bench. 

On  Jan.  29,  1642-3,  was  presented  to  the 
House  of  Lords  a  petition  of  Sir  Basil  Brooke  and 
Sir  John  Winter  against  George  Mynn ;  and  on 
Feb.  6  following,  the  Lords  ordered  the  cause  to 
be  proceeded  in  at  common  law.  It  seems  that 
Mynn  had  been  the  partner  of  Brooke  and  Winter 
in  the  Forest  of  Dean  iron-works.  Being  impli- 
cated with  Theophilus  Ryley,  scoutmaster  of  the 
city,  Col.  Reade,  Thomas  Violet,  and  others,  in  an 
alleged  plot  to  make  divisions  between  the  Parlia- 
ment and  the  city,  and  to  prevent  the  advance  of 
the  Scots'  army  into  England,  he  was  committed 
close  prisoner  to  the  Tower  by  the  House  of  Com- 
mons on  Jan.  6,  1643-4. 

Letters  sent  from  Oxford  to  Sir  Basil  Brooke, 
by  George  Lord  Digby  on  behalf  of  the  king, 
were  adduced  to  prove  the  existence  of  the  plot. 
They  are  entered  in  the  Lords'  Journals  (vi.  371). 

On  May  6,  1645,  an  order  was  made  by  the 
House  of  Commons  that  Sir  Basil  Brooke  should 
be  removed  to  the  King's  Bench,  there  to  remain 
a  prisoner  to  the  Parliament  until  the  first  debts 
by  action  charged  upon  him  should  be  satisfied. 
He  was  apparently  living  in  July,  1646,  for  in 
certain  articles  of  peace  then  framed,  he  is  named 
as  one  of  the  papists  and  popish  recusants,  who, 
having  been  in  arms  against  the  Parliament,  were 
to  be  proceeded  with,  and  their  estates  disposed  of 
as  both  houses  should  determine,  and  were  to  be 
incapable  of  the  royal  pardon  without  the  consent 
of  both  houses. 

Sir  Roger  Twysden  mentions  him  as  "  a  very 
good,  trewe,  and  worthy  person"  ("  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S. 
iv.  103),  and  elsewhere  he  is  described  as  hand- 
some and  comely. 

C.  H.  &  ^THOMPSON  COOPER. 
Cambridge. 


FOLK  LORE. 

THE  BAIRN'S  PIECE. — There  is  a  popular  no- 
tion among  the  lower  classes  in  many  parts  of 
Scotland,  that  when  a  child  is  for  the  first  time 
taken  to  the  open  air,  the  bearer  of  it  should  give 
something  edible  to  the  first  person  met ;  other- 
wise the  child's  fate  will  be  unlucky.  The  gift  is 
called  "  The  bairn's  (child's)  piece ;"  and  consists 
usually  of  an  ample  quantum  of  bread  and  cheese. 
No  distinction  is  made  as  to  the  recipient,  it  being 
held  that  to  make  any  would  destroy  the  charm". 
And  the  writer  of  this  knows  an  instance  in  which 


even  a  peer  of  the  realm  was  subjected  to  the 
favour.  T. 

ST.  PATRICK  AND  VENOMOUS  CREATURES  IN 
IRELAND. — In  the  Life  of  St.  Patrick,  by  the  Rev. 
Alban  Butler  (March  17),  occurs  the  following 
note : — 

'  The  popular  tradition  of  the  Irish  attributes  the  ex- 
emption of  their  country  from  venomous  creatures  to  the 
benediction  of  St.  Patrick,  given  by  his  staff— called  the 
staff  of  Jesus ;  which  was  kept  with  great  veneration  in 
Dublin.  The  isle  of  Malta  is  said  to  derive  a  like  privi- 
lege from  St.  Paul,  who  was  there  bit  by  a  viper." 

1.  Is  it  quite  certain,  that  no  venomous  reptiles 
are  now  to  be  found  in  Ireland  ? 

2.  Does  the  "  popular  tradition  "  arise  from  the 
fact,  that  the  Saint  drove  away  from  the  country 
the  venomous  brood  of  infidelity  and  heresy  ? 

I  have  been  in  Ireland,  and  have  certainly  heard 
of  serpents  and  adders  having  been  seen  there ; 
but  all  the  people  declare  that  none  are  venomous. 
Camden  says :  "  Nullus  hie  anguis,  nee  venenatum 
quicquam."  Ware  asserts  the  same  thing.  (See 
several  authorities  quoted  in  the  Abbe  Mac  Geoghe- 
han's  Hist,  of  Ireland,  Ancient  and  Modern,  vol.  i. 
p.  56,  edit.  Dublin,  1831.)  J.  D ALTON. 

Norwich. 

SUPERSTITION  IN  SIBERIA. — 

"  A  prevailing  superstition  is  that  of  the  Domavoi, 
literally,  house  spirit.  He  is  found  in  every  dwelling, 
and  is  as  much  cared  for  as  any  other  member  of  the 
household,  if  not  more ;  and  woe  betide  the  unfortunate 
individual  who  neglects  or  offends  this  important  per- 
sonage. His  good  will  is  propitiated  by  the  offerings 
which  are  made  to  him  daily,  food  being  placed  every 
night  in  the  cellar,  which  he  invariably  partakes  of.  A 
whole  loaf  of  black  bread  is  at  his  disposal,  of  which  he  _ 
eats  moderately ;  and  he  has  a  knife  in  his  pocket,  be- ' 
cause  the  bread  is  always  found  cut.  When  he  has  de- 
molished one  they  put  another  in  its  place.  I  asked  the 
person  who  related  this  to  me  if  she  really  believed  it, 
whereupon  she  called  upon  me  not  to  disbelieve  her  state- 
ment, as  the  Domavoi  might  be  offended,  which  they 
easily  were,  and  to  be  revenged  they  sometimes  destroyed 
the  building."  —  Mrs.  Atkinson's  Recollections  of  Tartar 
Steppes,  247.  • 

E.  H.  A. 

LINCOLNSHIRE  PROVERB.  —  A  writer  in  the 
Lincolnshire  Chronicle,  July  3rd,  speaking  of  the 
thin  crops  of  hay,  refers  the  cause  to  the  dry 
spring,  and  quotes  the  following  local  saying  :  — 

"  If  it  neither  rains  nor  snows  on  Candlemas  day, 
You  may  striddle  your  horse  and  go  and  buy  hay." 

CUTHBERT  BEDE. 

GREAT  CROSBY  GOOSE  FEAST.  —  There  is  a 
pretty  suburban  village,  called  "  Great  Crosby," 
about  seven  miles  from  this  town,  on  the  north 
coast  of  the  estuary  of  the  Mersey,  and  early  in 
October  every  year,  there  is  held  a  local  festival 
there,  which  is  called  the  "  Goose  feast."  Like 
many  other  local  affairs,  one  may  ascertain  more 
about  its  origin  and  use  far  away  than  at  home. 


8*d  S.  IV.  AUG.  1,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


83 


In  the  present  case,  this  seems  to  be  peculiarly 
the  fact,  as  I  have  tried  for  some  years  past,  but 
in  vain,  to  find  out  the  origin  of  this  feast.  The 
only  thing  I  have  been  able  to  collect  is  this. 
The  "feast"  takes  place  when  the  harvest  is 
gathered  in  about  this  part  of  the  country,  and  it 
forms  a  sort  of  "  harvest  home  "  gathering  for  the 
agriculturalists  of  the  neighbourhood.  It  is  said 
also,  that  at  the  particular  period,  geese  are  finer 
and  fatter,  after  feeding  on  the  stubble  fields,  than 
at  any  other  time.  I  have  been  at  two  or  three 
of  the  "  feasts,"  and  although  called  "  the  goose 
feasts,"  I  did  not  find  any  dish  of  that  famous  bird 
on  the  table.*  Could  it  be  that  the  guests  were 
likened  to  the  bird  ?  as  the  folk  about  there  are 
fond  of  practical  jokes.  Information  from  some 
Lancashire  antiquary  on  the  subject  will  oblige. 
How  did  this  originate,  and  when  ?  The  people  of 
the  district  are  chiefly  Catholic  in  religion. 

S.  REDMOND. 
Liverpool. 


RING  MOTTOES. 

The  accompanying  extracts,  from  my  own  col- 
lections on  this  subject,  are  at  the  service  of  MR. 
PENNY.  He  will  find  much  curious  information 
concerning  rings  in  — 

1.  "  Job.  Kirchmanni  Lubeccensis  de  Annulis  .  .  Lugd. 
Batav.  1672." 

2.  "  Georgii  Longi  Ambrosianse  Bibliothecse  Custodis 
primi  tractatus  de  annulis  signatoriis  antiquorum  sive  de 
vario  obsignandi  ritu.     Lugd.  Batav.  1672." 

3.  "Abraham!  Gorlaei  Antwerpiani  Dactyliotheca,  sive 
Tractatus  de  Annulorum  Origine. . .  Lugd.   Batav.  1672." 

4.  "Grsevii  (J.  G.),  Thesaurus  Antiquitatum  Roma- 
narum,"  12  vols.  folio.     Lugd.  Batav.  1699 ;    vol.  viii. 
art.  34 ;  vol.  xii.  art.  17. 

5.  "  Londesborough  (Lady),  Catalogue  of  a  Collection 
of  Rings  .  .  .  by  T.  C.  Croker,  1853." 

6.  "Edwards   (Charles),  the  History  and  Poetry  of 
Finger  Rings.    New  York,  1854." 

7.  "  The  Catalogue  of  the  Loan  Collection  at  the  South 
Kensington  Museum,  1862." 

From  The  Mysteries  of  Love  and  Eloquence,  or  the  Arts  of 
Wooing  and  Complementing ;  as  they  are  manag'd  in 
the  Spring  Garden,  Hide  Park,  the  New  Exchange,  and 
other  Eminent  Places.  Lond.  1658,  pp.  154-157. 

Thou  wert  not  handsom,  wise,  but  rich, 

'Twas  that  which  did  my  eyes  bewitch. 

What  God  hath  joyn'd  let  no  man  put  asunder. 

Divinely  knit  by  God  are  we, 

Late  one,  now  two,  the  pledge  you  see. 

We  strangely  met,  and  so  do  many, 

But  now  as  true  as'ever  any. 

As  we  begun  so  let's  continue. 

My  beloved  is  mine,  and  I  am  hers. 

True  blue  will  never  stain. 


[  *  The  same  may  be  said  of  the  printers'  annual  fes- 
tival, which,  although  called  the  Wayz-goose,  the  bird 
nevertheless  has  taken  its  flight  from  the  social  table. 
This  comes  from  their  having  transposed  "  the  goose-dav" 
from  St.  Bartholomew  tide  to  the  month  of  July. — ED.^J 


Against  thou  goest  I  will  provide  another. 

Let  him  never  take  a  wife 

That  will  not  love  her  as  his  life. 

In  loving  thee  I  love  myself. 

A  heart  content  cannot  repent. 

1  do  not  repent  that  I  gave  my  consent. 

No  gift  can  show  the  love  I  ow. 

What  the  eye  saw  the  heart  hath  chosen. 

More  faithful  than  fortunate. 

Love  me  little  but  love  me  long. 

Love  him  who  gave  thee  this  Ring  of  gold 

'Tis  he  must  kiss  thee  when  th'art  old. 

This  circle  though  but  small  about 

The  Devil,  Jealousie,  shall  keep  out. 

If  I  think  my  wife  is  fair 

What  need  other  people  care. 

This  Ring  is  a  token  I  give  to  thee 

That  Thou  no  tokens  do  change  for  me. 

My  dearest  Betty  is  good  and  pretty. 

I  did  then  commit  no  folly 

When  I  married  my  sweet  molly. 

'Tis  fit  men  should  not  be  alone 

Which  made  Tom  to  marry  Jone. 

Su  is  bonny  blythe  and  brown 

This  Ring  hath  made  her  now  my  own. 

Like  Phillis  there  is  none : 

She  truety  loves  her  Choridon. 

From  The  Card  of  Courtship,  or  the  Language  of  Love 
fitted  to  the  Humours  of  all  Degrees,  Sexes,  and  Con- 
ditions, 1653,  p.  91. 

Thou  art  my  star,  be  not"  irregular. 

Without  thy  love  I  backward  move. 

Thine  eyes  so  bright  are  my  chief  delight. 

This  intimates  true  lovers'  states. 

My  life  is  done  when  thou  art  gone. 

This  hath  no  end,  my  sweetest  friend : 

Our  loves  be  so,  no  ending  know. 

From  the  Gentleman's  Magazine. 
Christ  and  thee  my  comfort  be. — Vol.  n.  p.  629. 

Gold  ring  found  on  Flodden  Field,  in  the  posses- 
sion of  George  Allen,  Esq.  of  Darlington  (1785)  : — 
OV  E9T  NVL  SI  LOIAVLS  AMANS 
QV1  SE  POET  GARDER  DES  MAVXDISANS. 

LV.  89, 167, 193. 

De  cuer  entier. — LXXV.  i.  409. 

Silver  ring  found  at  Somerton  Castle,  co.  Lincoln, 
in  1805  :  — 

*  I  love  you  my  sweet  dear  heart. 

*  Go  *<  I  pray  you  pleas  my  love.— LXXV.  ii.  907. 

Brass  thumb-ring  formerly  in  the  possession  of 
the  Marquis  of  Donegal  (1813)  :  — 

CANDU   PLERA  MELEOR  CERA. — LXXXIII.   i.  17. 

Silver  ring  found  among  the  ruins  of  the  Priory 
of  St.  Radigund,  near  Dover,  in  1831  :  — 
ifc  IK  GOD  is  ALL.— ci.  ii.  456. 

Found  at  St.  Andrew's  chapel,  near  Ipswich :  — 
Tout  pour  bein  feyre. — cxxi.  ii.  640. 


84 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  1,  '63. 


Gold  ring  found  near  St.  Ann's  Well,  Notting- 
ham: — 

Mon  cur  avez. — cxxr.  ii.  640. 
Honour  et  Joye. — cxxix.  ii.  513. 

From  the  Proceedings  of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries. 
A  silver  ring  found  near  Old  Sarum  :  — 

>5&   AMOK.  VINCIT  .  OM. — ii.  164. 

A  gold  ring  of  the  fifteenth  century]  found  near 
Whitchurch,  Salop :  — 

EN  BONE   FOY. — ill.  248. 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

Bottesford  Manor,  Brigg. 

May  I  add  to  MB.  PENNY'S  list  a  very  old  ring 
motto  closely  resembling  the  third  on  his  list, 
but  to  my  fancy  more  poetical  and  pleasing  in 
sound  — 

God  saw  thee  most  fit  for  me. 

It  is  undoubtedly  very  old,  but  I  cannot  give 
any  authentic  date  for  it  prior  to  1861,  when  I 
had  it  engraved  on  my  wife's  ring  that  I  wedded 
her  with.  A.  L. 

I  cannot  show,  the  love  I  0. 
I  love  and  like  my  choice. 

R. 


STRANGE  DERIVATIONS. 

Those  whose  chief  delight  it  is  to — 

" chase 

A  panting  syllable  through  time  and  space," 

frequently  indulge  themselves  to  no  small  extent 
in  the  "  licentia  philologica;"  and  we  scarcely  are 
astonished  even  at  the  celebrated  etymological 
connection  traced  between  "  cucumber "  and 
"King  Jeremiah."  I  quote  the  following  from 
an  old  treatise  as  a  tolerable  specimen  of  a  ramble 
in  search  of  a  root.  The  word  to  be  derived  is 
treacle,  of  which  our  author  (Anon.),  when  treat- 
ing of  vipers,  writes  as  follows :  — 

"  It  is  a  thing  very  excellently  good  (by  a  secret  pro- 
perty in  Nature)  to  beare  the  head  of  a  viper  about  a 
man  :  for  living  it  killeth,  and  dead  it  healeth.  Tiriacle 
or  treacle  is  properly  good  against  venom ;  but  in  the 
making  thereof,  and  in  the  confection,  there  is  necessary 
some  part  of  this  beast,  to  the  end  it  may  be  the  more 
perfect,  and  of  the  greater  efficacy.  And  it  was  named 
Tiriacle  because  that  the  word  Thirion  (&?{«*)  in  Greek  sig- 
nifteih  a  viper,  or  venomous  beast  !  " 

Again,  the  word  Presbyter  is  presented  with  a 
curious  quasi- derivation  by  Giraldus  Cambrensis 
in  his  Sermo  in  Synodo  Menevensi.  Speaking  of 
the  dignity  of  the  Christian  priesthood,  in  illustra- 
tion of  his  text,  Malachi  ii.  7,  he  says  :  — 

"Ex  ipsa  quoque  vocabulorum  impositione  majestas 
dignitatis  hujus  etiam  ordinis  declaratur.  Dicitur  enim 
sacerdos,  quasi  sacra  dans,  vel  sacra  ministrans.  Presbi- 
ter,  quasi  aliis  preebens  iter.  Antistes,  ante  alios  stans. 
Pontifex,  pontem  faciens.  Episcopus,  quasi  supra  inten- 
dens  vel  speculator." 


The  origin  he  assigns  to  Pontifex  at  any  rate 
admits  of  question.  If  prasbens  iter  be  merely  an 
instance  of  the  brave  archdeacon's  love  of  playing 
upon  words,  it  is  so  far  unobjectionable,  though  it 
scarcely  justifies  his  exordium. 

Wheatly,  in  his  llliistration  of  the  Book  of 
Common  Prayer,  ed.  Bonn,  p.  406,  derives  "  inces- 
tuous "  from  sine  cento  Veneris ;  that  is,  such  mar- 
riages among  the  heathen  were  unblessed  by  the 
presence  of  Venus.  Surely  the  received  in-castus, 
with  its  root  Ka.Q-a.p6s,  is  better  than  this. 

If  nobilis  is  a  contracted  form  of  non  vilis,  as 
CHESSBOKOUGH  thinks,  would  not  the  simple  word, 
vilis,  itself  have  served  well  enough  to  contrast 
with  it  without  having  recourse  to  the  double 
negative — in,  non,  vilis,  which  would  thus  be  con- 
tained in  ignobilis  ?  Indeed  the  use  of  this  com- 
pound word  would  be  a  presumption  that  nobilis 
is  a  simple  positive  term,  and  not  a  negation  as 
your  correspondent  seems  to  make  it.  The  old 
form  gnobilis,  mentioned  by  Smith,  would  also 
militate  against  the  non  vilis  theory  ;  and  this  an- 
cient form  appears  to  be  preserved  in  ignobilis, 
with  which  we  may  compare  i-gnavus  and  i-gna- 
rus.  W.  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 


AMERICA  AND  SEE  OP  LONDON. — I  know  not 
whether  it  is  much  known  that  in  former  time 
the  whole  of  the  English  possessions  in  America 
were  considered,  in  regard  to  ecclesiastical  juris- 
diction, as  within  the  diocese  of  London. 

In  1786,  Owen  Salisbury  Brereton,  Esq.  then 
a  V.  P.,  exhibited  to  the  Society  of  Antiquaries  of 
London  an  impression  in  wax  of  the  arms  of  the 
see  of  London,  surrounded  by  the  following  in- 
scription :  — 

"  SIGILLVM  .  EPISCOPI  .  LONDINENSIS  .  PKOCOMMISS  . 
AMERICANIS." 

It  was  observed  at  the  time  this  exhibition  was 
made  that  Henchman,  Compton,  and  Robinson, 
Bishops  of  London,  exercised  episcopal  powers 
under  this  seal  over  America  from  the  middle  of 
Charles  II.'s  reign  to  the  end  of  that  of  Queen 
Anne  ;  but  in  George  I.'s  reign  a  question  was 
referred  to  the  then  Attorney  and  Solicitor- Gene- 
ral, "  Whether  America  was  so  far  to  be  deemed 
within  the  diocese  of  London,  that  the  bishop 
thereof  had  all  power  in  America  ?"  Upon  this 
question  the  law-officers  gave  it  as  their  opinion, 
that  letters  patent  from  the  crown  were  neces- 
sary to  constitute  such  episcopal  powers,  which 
Dr.  Gibson,  the  then  Bishop  of  London,  refusing 
to  take  out,  the  seal  became  no  longer  an  object 
for  use.  H.  E. 

REGIMENTAL  HONOURS.  —  The  first  regiment  of 
the  line  without  a  victory  inscribed  on  its  banners 


g.  IV.  AUG.  1,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


85 


is  the  16th  Bedfordshire,  and  yet  this  corps  greatly 
distinguished  itself  so  far  back  as  the  battle  of 
Walcourt,  August  5,  1689,  under  Marlborough, 
the  rest  of  the  army  being  Dutch,  with  (it  is  pro- 
per to  mention)  the  Coldstreams  and  Royals, 
who  also  gained  honours.  I  believe  the  regiment 
was  only  embodied  in  1688,  so  it  is  a  pity  that 
their  maiden  victory  should  not  be  honourably 
recorded.  I  make  a  present  of  this  hint  to  the  re- 
giment, or  those  concerned  in  its  prosperity. 

W.  T.  M. 
Government  House,  Hong  Kong. 

A  LADY'S  DBESS,  1762. — A  curious  disserta- 
tion might  be  composed  on  the  various  articles 
that  constitute  a  young  lady's  dress.  Specifying  the 
different  countries  from  which  the  materials,  raw 
or  manufactured,  are  imported ;  and  computing 
the  numerous  hands  and  complicated  machinery 
that  are  put  in  motion  in  order  to  produce  the 
splendid  ensemble. 

After  the  lapse  of  a  century,  the  following  lines 
are  not  inapplicable  to  the  present  style  of  femi- 
nine apparel :  — 

"  ON  A  YOUNG  LADY'S  DRESS. 
"  Fair  Chloe's  dress  (which  Venus'  self  might  wear) 
From  various  realms  is  culled  with  happy  care : 
To  grace  the  well-shaped  foot,  in  Turkey's  soil, 
Through  life's  short  span  laborious  silk-worms  toil ; 
The  whale,  in  Zembla's  frozen  regions  found, 
Distends  the  swelling  hoop's  capacious  round. 
The  Belgian  nymphs,  a  nice  industrious  race, 
Weave  the  fine  texture  of  the  curious  lace. 
Peruvian  mines  the  rich  brocade  bestow, 
And  Guinea's  treasures  in  her  buckle  glow: 
Afric  the  tribute  of  its  ivory  pays, 
On  polished  sticks  the  spreading  fan  to  raise. 
The  Phrygian  swans  their  downy  plumage  shed, 
And  from  the  scorching  sun  defend  her  head. 
The  bear's  warm  fur  the  Russian  deserts  yield, 
From  falling  snow  her  whiter  breast  to  shield. 
The  bless'd  Arabia  sends,  from  balmy  air, 
Essence  less  fragrant  than  the  breathing  fair. 
India's  rich  coasts  the  sparkling  gems  supply, 
Less  sparkling  than  the  lustre  of  her  63*6. 
How  oft  the  merchant  glows  beneath  the  line, 
That  Chloe  all-accomplished  thus  mav  shine !  " 

Scots'  Mag.,  vol.  xxiv.  p.  543. 
W.  D. 

PLAGUE  PIT. — Excavations  are  now  being  made 
for  the  works  of  the  North  London  Railway  in 
Broad  Street  Buildings,  and  a  very  large  quantity 
of  human  bones  have  been  met  with.  The  exca- 
vations do  not  extend  over  the  whole  space  to  be 
covered  by  the  works,  but  are  only  on  the  sites 
intended  to  be  occupied  by  the  brickwork.  The 
bones  being  at  about  four  feet  from  the  surface, 
and  from  thence  to  about  eight  or  ten  feet  lower, 
the  ground  is  full  of  them.  They  lie  without  any 
arrangement,  and  there  are  no  coffins  except  in  a 
corner  of  one  of  the  pits,  where  the  remains  of 
some,  but  comparatively  few,  have  been  found  at 
the  lower  part  of  the  excavation.  Probably  some 


300  or  400  skeletons  at  least  have  been  taken  out. 
My  Query  is,  whether  this  is  the  site  of  a  plague  pit. 
The  place  is  about  100  yards  from  the  city  wall, 
and  perhaps  three  times  that  distance  from 
Bishopsgate,  and  somewhat  farther  from  Moor- 
gate. 

It  would  appear  from  the  way  in  which  the 
bones  lie,  as  if  at  first  the  bodies  had  been  buried 
in  ^coffins,  and  afterwards  they  had  been  thrown 
in  indiscriminately.  It  is  right  to  say  that  every 
care  appears  to  be  taken  to  avoid  any  shock  to 
public  decency :  the  bones,  as  they  are  taken  out, 
are  laid  aside  in  boxes,  no  doubt  for  interment. 

QUISQUIS. 

OLD  BEDLAM.— The  final  obliteration  of  one  of 
the  old  city  sites  deserves  a  few  lines  of  record  in 
"  N.  &  Q." 

"In  the  year  1569,"  says  Stow,  "Sir  Thomas  Roe,  mer- 
chantAtailor,  mayor,  caused  to  be  inclosed  with  a  wall  of 
brick  about  one  acre  of  ground,  being  part  of  the  Hospital 
of  Bethlehem.  .  .  .  This  he  did  for  burial  and  ease  of 
such  'parishes  in  London  as  wanted  ground  convenient 
within  their  parishes.  The  lady,  his  wife,  was  there 
buried  (by  whose  persuasion  he  inclosed  it)." 

This  space,  converted  into  gardens,  and  shaded 
with  really  well-grown  trees,  has  long  been  one  of 
the  smaller  "  lungs "  of  the  city,  ensuring  air, 
light,  and  quiet  to  the  neighbouring  houses  and 
hospital.  The  ground  is  now  become  the  pro- 
perty of  a  railway  company,  and  will  soon  be 
transformed  into  a  noisy  terminus.  The  gateway 
in  the  west  wall,  bricked  up  a  few  years  ago,  is 
still  flanked  by  its  funereal  urns,  and  against  the 
south  wall  in  Liverpool  Street,  a  stone  tablet, 
placed  there  about  sixteen  years  ago,  records,  in  a 
a  Latin  inscription,  copied  from  the  original,  as 
preserved  by  Holinshed,  the  grant  of  Sir  Thomas 
Roe, — "in  usum  publican  sepulturse.  A.D.  1569." 
I  should  have  said  "  recorded,"  not  "  records,"  for 
the  tablet  is  already  buried  beneath  a  flaring 
posting-bill.  The  hundreds  of  bodies  lying  be- 
neath the  surface  of  these  once  quiet  gardens,  will 
soon  be  carted  away  —  whither  ?  How  vain  in 
these  railroad  days  are  dedications  of  land  to  spe- 
cial purposes !  Church  and  churchyard  alike 
vanish  before  the  pickaxe  and  shovel  of  the  navvy. 

J. 

GRAPE,  AND  SEASIDE- GRAPE. — In  describing 
the  West  Indies,  Sir  A.j  Alison,*  the  historian, 
says :  — 

"  Grapes  are  so  plentiful  upon  every  shrub,  that  the 
surge  of  the  ocean,  as  it  lazily  rolls  in  upon  the  shore, 
with  the  quiet  winds  of  summer,  dashes  its  spray  upon  its 
clusters." 

I  noted  the  above  error  on  finding  it  amongst 
the  Selections  in  an  "  Educational  Course." 

The  grape-vine  does  not  grow  in  the  West 
Indies  as  here  described ;  but  there  is  a  robust 
tree,  called  the  "  seaside-grape,"  which  answers 
the  description  so  picturesquely  given. 


86 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  1,  '63. 


In  point  of  fact,  however,  there  is  as  little 
affinity  between  the  grape  and  the  "seaside- 
grape,"  as  between  the  strawberry  and  the  "straw- 
berry-tree." 


HABITS  OF  THE  BAT.  — 

"  A  few  weeks  ago,  while  several  boys  were  amusing 
themselves  in  the  vicinity  of  the  town,  two  bats  were 
observed  hovering  near  the  ground,  and  in  their  daring 
flights  coming  so  near  the'  boys  as  to  suggest  the  possibi- 
lity of  their  capture.  Accordingly  handfuls  of  sand  were 
thrown  up  to  bring  the  creatures  down,  which,  in  the  case 
of  one  of  them,  proved  effective.  The  boy  who  claimed 
the  prize  brought  it  home,  and  providing  it  with  a  cage, 
carefully  attended  to  its  wants.  In  less  than  a  week  the 
animal  gave  birth  to  a  young  one,  which  was  for  two 
days  suckled  by  its  parent.  The  dam  (to  speak  of  it  as 
a  quadruped)  became  domesticated,  and  readily  partook  of 
the  food  placed  in  the  cage.  Before  it  reached  the  age  of 
three  days  the  young  bat  died,  and  the  parent  only  sur- 
vived another  d'ay  to  mourn  its  loss."  —  Elgin  Courant. 

The  above  is  cut  from  a  newspaper.  Some 
cruelty  may  be  prevented  if  any  reader  of  "N.  &Q." 
conversant  with  the  habits  of  bats,  will  say  whe- 
ther they  will  live  in  confinement  ;  and  if  so,  how 
they  should  be  treated.  Believing  that  they  feed 
on  insects  taken  on  the  wing,  I  have  never  tried 
to  keep  one,  and  have  procured  their  liberation 
wherever  my  influence  has  been  sufficient.  I  have 
heard  that  they  eat  milk,  cheese,  and  eggs,  but 
have  watched  without  seeing  them  do  so.  They 
have  generally  died  within  a  week  after  their  cap- 
ture. I  know  an  instance  of  one  living  about  two 
months,  but  the  weather  was  cold,  and  it  seemed 
to  sleep.  FITZHOPKINS. 

FAMILIES  OF  BEKE  AND  SPEKE.  —  In  the  chancel 
of  Shinfield  Church,  near  Reading,  are  two  monu- 
ments with  the  following  inscriptions  :  — 

1.  "  Here  lyeth  bereed  the  body  of  Master  Henry  Beke, 
Esquier,  whoe  Disesed  the  23  May,  1580." 

2.  "  An<>  D'ni,  1627. 

"Hie  pater  Henricus,  mater  Jana,  et  filia  Eliza 
Effinguntur,  adest  urnula  sola  patris. 

Beake  nomen  patrum,  domus  Hartley-Curia,  mater 
Rogero  Lewkenor,  milite,  nata  fuit. 

Georgius  extruxit  monumenta  (enatus  Eliza, 
Filius  Hugonii  Speke)  pia  jussa  matris." 

I  am  desirous  of  knowing  something  about 
these  families  of  Beke  and  Speke.  Are  they  those 
of  Dr.  Beke  and  Captain  Speke  of  the  present 
day  ?  A.  C. 

Manchester. 

BIVOUAC.  —  Bailey's  Dictionary  \\asSiovac  and 
Bihovac  for  Bivouac.  Has  he  authority  in  litera- 
ture for  this  corruption.?  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

Glasgow. 

CASTING  IN  PLASTER.  •  —  When  and  where  was 
the  modern  practice  of  casting  in  plaster  intro- 
duced ?  Or,  in  other  words,  what  is  the  origin  of 


forming  moulds  round  a  circular  object  in  separate 
pieces,  into  which  liquid  plaster  is  afterwards  run 
to  make  casts  ? 

The  well-known  passage  in  the  44th  section  of 
the  35th  book  of  Pliny,  beginning  "  Hominis  au- 
tem,"  &c.,  only  proves  that  Lysistratus  invented 
a  'process  by  which  likenesses  in  plaster,  taken 
from  nature,  were  covered  with  wax  and  finished 
in  that  material;  and  that  he  taught  the  Athe- 
nians how  to  copy  (not  cast)  statues  in  the  same 
way.  This  being  the  correct  meaning  of  the  pas- 
sage, and  there  being  no  indication  that  the  an- 
cients understood  the  modern  art  of  casting  in 
plaster.  When  was  it  discovered  ?  Certainly  not 
till  after  the  days  of  Michael  Angelo  and  Cellini ; 
who  made  small  models  in  wax,  and  larger  ones 
in  clay,  from  which  they  worked  upon  the  marble. 
Else,  why  are  there  no  casts  of  their  time  in 
existence  ?  And  why  did  Cellini  risk  the  original 
model  of  his  Perseus  in  the  process  of  bronze 
casting,  and  suffer  such  terrible  anxiety  as  was 
induced  by  knowing  that  if  destroyed  he  would 
be  obliged  to  recreate  it  ? 

I  have  asked  these  questions  of  many  artists, 
and  men  well  versed  in  artistic  matters,  both  in 
Italy,  France,  and  England,  without  getting  any 
satisfactory  answer ;  and  now  have  recourse  to 
your  columns  in  hope  of  a  solution.  C.  C.  P. 

CENTRAL  AFRICA. — 

"  The  Geographical  Society  of  Paris  will  be  no  worse 
off  than  their  brethren  of  the  Institute,  who,  but  a  very 
few  years  since,  bestowed  their  highest  honours  upon  a 
work  which  the  philosophers  of  Europe  have  ever  since  re- 
garded as  apocryphal;  and  Charles  X.  will  be  much  in  the 
same  situation  as  our  Most  Gracious  Sovereign,  who,  by 
a  barefaced  fraud,  was  led  to  confer  the  honour  of  knight- 
hood upon  a  pair  of  the  most  impudent  and  consummate 
quacks." 

These  remarks  are  taken  from  a  review  of  M. 
Rene  Caillie's  Journal  d'un  Voyage  a  Temloctoo 
et  a  Senne,  dans  FAfrique  Centrale  .  .  .  par  M. 
Jomard,  Paris,  1830.  The  review  appeared  in 
the  Foreign  Quarterly,  vol.  vi.  art.  iv.,  for  June 
1830. 

1.  What  is  the  name  of  the  work  referred  to, 
as  having  received  the  highest  honours   of  the 
Institute  ? 

2.  Who  were  the  two  knightly  quacks  ?     And 
by  what  fraud  was  the  king  deceived  ? 

CHESSBOROUQH. 

MADAME  DE  GENLIS. — I  shall  feel  obliged  to  any 
reader  of  "N.  &  Q."  who  happens  to  possess,  or 
can  refer  to,  the  works  of  Madame  de  Genlis,  for 
information  as  to  whether  this  lady  ever  visited 
North  Wales  ?  If  so,  in  what  year  ?  Was  she 
accompanied  by  her  daughter  "Pamela?"  And 
has  she  left  any  record  of  such  visit  ?  I  have  not 
her  works  at  hand  ;  nor  can  I  find  a  copy  amongst 
the  tens  of  thousands  of  readers  in  the  town 


3"»  S.  IV.  AUG.  1,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


87 


where  I  write  this  Query!  I  take  this  oppor- 
tunity of  thanking  the  Editor  of  "  N.  &  Q."  for 
his  kindness  in  answering  two  recent  inquiries  of 
mine.  D. 

HEROD  THE  GHEAT.  —  As  I  am  engaged  on  a 
life  of  Herod  the  Great,  I  shall  be  much  obliged 
if  any  of  your  readers  will  direct  me  to,  1st,  good 
reviews  of  him  and  his  life  and  times ;  2nd,  any 
Medal,  or  coin,  giving  a  personal  representation  of 
him,  if  any  such  there  be. 

I  shall  also  be  thankful  for  any  information  as 
to  the  sources  from  whence  he  derived  such  enor- 
mous revenues  as  must  have  been  required  in  the 
erection  of  his  numerous,  vast,  and  magnificent 
towns,  forts,  palaces,  the  temple,  theatres,  &c. ; 
and  how  these  could  be  paid  for,  and  yet  leave 
him,  at  his  death,  possessor  of  a  very  large  sum 
in  ready  money  ;  all  this  too,  without  impoverish- 
ing his  subjects.  Are  there  any  coins  having  the 
likeness  of  Cleopatra  in  tolerable  preservation  ? 

J.  HAWKINS  SIMPSON. 
Alstonfield,  Ashbourne. 

MERCHANT'S  MARK. — In  one  of  the  lights  of 
the  east  window  of  the  chapel  of  St.  Mary's 
Hospital,  Ilford,  there  is  inserted  an  oblong  piece 
of  stained  glass,  containing  a  merchant's  mark ; 
with  the  initials  "  I.  G.,"  flanked  by  four  grass- 
hoppers, and  surmounted  by  a  head  of  Queen 
Elizabeth.  I  wish  to  trace  how  this  cognizance 
could  have  been  introduced  into  the  above  church. 
I  believe  that  one  of  the  Gresham  family  formerly 
resided  in  Becontree  Hundred,  not  far  from  Bark- 
ing; and  I  should  be  glad  to  ascertain  some 
particulars  respecting  him.  J.  R. 

OSCOTIAN  LITERARY  GAZETTE.  —  There  was 
published  in  1823,  vol.  i.  2nd  ed.  of  The  Oscotian 
Literary  Gazette,  edited  by  students  of  St.  Mary's 
College,  Oicott ;  published  by  R.  P.  Stone,  Bir- 
mingham, 1828.  It  contains  contributions  by  the 
students,  tales,  essays,  dramatic  pieces,  &c.  Can 
any  of  your  readers  who  may  have  a  copy  give  me 
the  titles  of  the  "Dramatic  Sketches"  in  the 
Gazette,  and  the  name  or  initials  of  the  authors  ? 

ZETA. 

THE  TERMINATION  "OT." — What  is  the  meaning 
of  the  termination  ot  in  some  names,  both  of  things 
and  men ;  such  as  Cheviot,  Teviot,  Elliot  ?  Is  it 
British  or  Celtic  ?  H.  B. 

POLITICAL  CARICATURES. — When  did  they  come 
into  fashion  or  practice  ?  They  were  much  in 
vogue  in  George  II.'s  time.  See  Lord  Mahon's 
History,  iii.  279.  Are  not  the  grotesque  figures  we 
see  on  church  pews,  and  outside  of  churches, 
caricatures?*  Can  you  Mr.  Editor,  or  any  of  your 
readers,  throw  any  light  on  the  subject  ?  F.  M. 

PROVERB.  —  In  modern  Greek  exists  the  pro- 
verb —  which  is  said  to  be  a  very  old  one  — 

[*  See  «  N.  &  Q."  2»<«  S.  viii.  273.— Eo7] 


"AXAa  6  yaitiapbs,  Kal  &\\a  6  'yaiSovpoXdrys,  "  The 
donkey  means  cne  thing,  and  the  donkey-driver 
another."  I  have  searched  without  success  for 
an  analogous  proverb  in  Latin  or  other  languages, 
but  the  other  day  I  came  across  its  counterpart 
in  the  Fabliau  "  De  la  Borgoise  D'Orliens  (Mcon, 
iii.  164),— 

"  Dies,  com  il  savoit  or  petit, 

De  ce  qu'ele  pens  et  perpensse ; 

Li  asniers  une  chose  pense, 

Et  li  asnes  pensse  tout  el." 

This  proverb  is  altogether  different  from  that 
which  exists  in  so  many  languages  to  the  effect  that 
"  You  cannot  make  ahorse  drink  against  his  will," 
as  the  former  gives  the  control  of  the  animal  to  the 
man,  whilst  the  latter  makes  the  will  of  the  animal 
dominant.  The  pith  of  the  Greek  proverb  is 
contained  in  the  French,  "  L'homme  propose, 
mais  Dieu  dispose."  Query,  whether  the  old 
French  couplet  has  not  been  derived,  by  tradition, 
through  one  of  the  Phocian  colonies  in  the  south, 
direct  from  Greece,  without  passing  through  the 
usual  Latin  medium  ?  JOHN  ELIOT  HODGKIN. 

CARDANTJS  RIDER  AND  HIS  BRITISH  MERLIN. — 
I  am  desirous  to  see  some  memoir  of  this 
worthy,  who  annually  "  compiled  for  his  country's 
benefit  "  (and  for  a  period,  I  believe,  of  two  cen- 
turies it  has  been  continued,)  a  most  useful 
Almanack,  in  which  all  the  feasts,  festivals,  and 
holidays  were  distinguished  as  red-letter  days  ; 
and  monthly  directions  for  gardening,  and  homely 
advice  touching  the  health  of  his  readers,  were 
also  given.  COMPCTATOR. 

RIGHT  HONOURABLE.  —  Are  any  persons  en- 
titled to  this  prefix  besides  Peers  of  the  Realm 
and  Privy  Councillors  ?  The  son  of  a  Duke,  or  of 
a  Marquis,  is  by  courtesy  a  Lord  :  as  Lord  Alfred 
Paget,  Lord  Arthur  Hervey,  &c.  Is  he  Right 
Honourable,  or  simply  the  Lord  So-and-So?  I 
notice  in  printed  lists  of  patrons,  and  in  letters, 
considerable  variety  in  the  usage.  What  is  right  ? 

F.  H.  M. 

SOMERSETSHIRE  CHURCHES. — Warton,  in  his 
Observations  on  the  Fairy  Queen  of  Spenser,  1762, 
p.  229,  says :  — 

"  Most  of  the  churches  in  Somersetshire,  which  are  re- 
markably elegant,  are  in  the  style  of  the  florid  Gothic. 
The  reason  is  this:  Somersetshire,  in  the  Civil  Wars 
between  York  and  Lancaster,  was  strongly  and  entirely 
attached  to  the  Lancastrian  party.  In  reward  for  this 
service,  Henry  VII.,  when  he  came  to  the  crown,  rebuilt 
their  churches." 

My  query  is,  What  authority  is  there  for  this 
assertion  ?  Can  it  be  proved  by  any  public  re- 
cords ?  H.  T.  ELLACOMBE. 

OLD  STAFFORD  BALLAD. — I  have  gone  the  Ox- 
ford Circuit  many  years,  and  have  seldom  been  at 
Stafford  without  hearing  a  song,  which  generally 
runs  thus :  — 


88 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[3'<»  S.  IV.  AUG.  1,  '63. 


"  As  I  wer  a  gooin  oop  Whorley  Boonk, 
Oop  Whorley  Boonk.  oop  Whorley  Boonk, 

Coomin  down : 
The  cart  stud  still  and  the  wheel  went  round, 

Coomin  down, 
A  gooin  oop  Whorley  Boonk." 

"  Coomin  down "  is  shouted  more  loudly  than 
the  rest.  I  have  inquired  as  to  the  meaning,  but 
the  only  answers  have  been:  "We  always  sing 
it,"  and  "  They  sung  it  afore  I  was  born."  Is  it 
so  old  that  the  words  have  survived  the  meaning, 
or  had  it  ever  any  ?  I  heard  it  again  last  night. 
AN  INNER  TEMFLAB. 

Stafford,  July  21. 


o*  tottfj 

"  SIEGE  OF  BELGBADE." —  I  shall  be  greatly 
obliged  if  any  one  would  communicate  to 
"  N.  &  Q."  the  continuation  of  the  old  alphabetic 
poem :  — 

"  An  Austrian  army,  awfully  arrayed, 
Boldly  by  batteries  besieged  Belgrade." 

If  I  am  not  mistaken,  the  question  has  been 
addressed  to  you  before.  A.  R. 

["  The  Siege  of  Belgrade,"  as  a  specimen  of  alliteration, 
we  believe,  first  appeared  anonymously  in  Bentley's  Mis- 
cellany for  March,  1838  (vol.  iii.  p.  312).  It  has  already 
been  noticed  in  our  2nd  S.  viii.  412,  460;  xii.  279,  336. 
We  now  copy  the  entire  poem :  — 

"  An  Austrian  army,  awfully  arrayed, 
Boldly  by  battery  besieged  Belgrade ; 
Cossack  commanders  cannonading  come, 
Dealing  destruction's  devastating  doom. 
Every  endeavour  engineers  essay 
For  fame,  for  fortune, — fighting,  furious  fray :  — 
Generals  'gainst  generals  grapple — gracious  God ! 
How  honours  Heaven  heroic  hardihood ! 
Infuriate,  indiscriminate  in  ill, 
Kinsmen  kill  kinsmen, — kinsmen  kindred  kill ! 
Labour  low  levels  loftiest,  longest  lines ; 
Men  march  'mid  mounds,  'mid  moles,  'mid  murderous 

mines. 

Now  noisy,  noxious  numbers  notice  nought 
Of  outward  obstacles  opposing  ought: 
Poor  patriots,  partly  purchased,  partly  pressed, 
Quite  quaking,  quickly  quarter,  quarter  quest. 
Reason  returns,  religious  right  redounds, 
Suwan  ow  stops  such  sanguinary  sounds : 
Truce  to  thee,  Turkey — triumph  to  thy  train ! 
Unjust,  unwise,  unmerciful  Ukraine! 
Vanish  vain  victory !  vanish  victory  vain ! 
Why  wish  we  warfare  ?     Wherefore  welcome  we 
Xerxes,  Ximenes,  Xanthus,  Xaviere? 
Yield,  ye  youths !  ye  yeomen,  yield  your  yell ! 
Zeno's,  Zarpatus',  Zoroaster's  zeal, 
And  all  attracting — arms  against  appeal."] 

GONDOLA.  —  The  following  is  extracted  from 
All  the  Year  Round  of  July  11,  1863,  p.  480,  and 
may  probably  elicit  a  reply  in  "  N.  &  Q."  :  — 

"  In  summer,  the  black  awning  forms  the  most  de- 
lightful of  sun-shades.  But  why  is  it  black?  Tell  me, 
Venetian  antiquaries.  Tell  me,  chatty  correspondents  of 
Notes  and  Queries.  1  was  always  given  to  understand 


that  black  absorbed  heat,  and  that  white  was  the  only 
wear  for  hot  climates." 

VEDETTE. 

[Jal,  in  his  Glossaire  Nautique,  informs  us  that  black 
became,  except  in  a  few  cases,  the  uniform  habit  of  the 
gondola  by  a  law  of  the  Venetian  senate ;  and  that  this 
law  was  passed  towards  the  termination  of  the  Middle 
Ages,  in  consequence  of  the  extreme  luxury  and  splen- 
dour with  which  in  those  days  the  gondola  was  often 
adorned  :  —  "  Les  gondoles  furent  &  Venise,  a  la  fin  du 
Moyen  Age,  des  objets  d'un  luxe  si  extravagant,  que  le 
senat  fut  contraint  de  rendre  un  loi  qui,  en  fixant  un  type 
pour  la  gondole,  defendit  que  personne,  le  doge  et  les 
ambassadeurs  e'trangers  exceptes,  se  fit  construire  une 
barque  plus  riche,  plus  elegante,  mieux  decoree  a  1'ex- 
terieur  que  celle  dont  le  modele  etait  donne.  C'est  de 
cette  epoque  que  date  I'uniformite  des  gondoles  peinles  en 
noir."—P.  789;  see  also  p.  791.] 

COOK'S  CASTLE,  NEAR  SHANKLIN,  ISLE  or 
WIGHT. — In  the  neighbourhood  of  this  ruin  I  have 
been  unable  to  ascertain  anything  regarding  its 
history.  It  is  on  a  hill  on  Shanklin  Downs,  com- 
manding a  view  of  almost  the  whole  island.  What 
remains  of  ruins  is  simply  two  or  three  pieces  of 
wall  covered  with  ivy,  apparently  towers,  between 
which  a  modern  tower  has  been  built  in  the  dis- 
tance, the  only  erection  visible  amongst  the  trees. 

J.  S.  A. 

[The  artificial  imitation  of  a  ruin,  called  Cook's  Castle, 
was  erected  by  the  late  Sir  Richard  Worsley,  which,  as  he 
himself  states  in  his  History  of  the  Isle  of  Wight,  p.  219, 
"  serves  as  a  point  of  view  from  his  seat,  Appuldurcombe." 
Standing  on  the  summit  of  a  fine  rocky  cliff,  it  commands 
a  most  splendid  prospect  of  the  island  and  the  opposite 
coast.] 

GASPAR  DE  NAVARRE  :  SPENGLE. — 
"  Gaspar  de  Navarre  says  that,  in  Germany,  many 
witches  were  marked  by  the  demons  on  the  inside  of  their 
skins,  and  that  the  marks  were  invisible  till  brought  out 
by  due  exorcisms:  all  so  marked  could  bear  tortures, 
some  being  rendered  cold  and  insensible  to  pain,  others 
were  protected  by  the  interposition  of  the  demons,  who 
stretched  the  cords  of  the  rack,  and  made  the  hinges 
creak,  though  the  witches  remained  unhurt." — An  En- 
quiry into  the  present  State  of  Demonoloay,  by  G.  M. 
London,  1714. 

The  author  refers  for  the  above  to  Delrio  and 
Spengle.  I  know  Delrio,  but  who  were  Gaspar 
de  Navarre  and  Spengle  ?  S.  S. 

[Gaspar  or  Caspar  Navarro,  wrote  a  work  entitled  Con- 
tra Superstitiones.  "Gaspar  Navarro  inscribitur  auctor 
libri:  Contra  Superstitiones,  Osc»,  anno  1631,  editi." — 
Anton.  Bib.  Hisp.  Nova.  This  appears  to  be  all  that  is 
known  of  him.  Osca,  Huesca  in  Arragon.  We  are  not 
acquainted  with  any  writer  bearing  the  name  of  Spengle. 
There  was  a  Spengel,  and  there  were  also  two  or  three 
Spenglers.] 

TANJIBS. — Cambric  muslin  manufactured  for 
certain  foreign  markets  (African,  I  believe)  goes 
in  the  trade  by  the  name  of  Tanjibs.  What  is 
the  origin  of  the  word  ?  P.  P. 

[The  origin  of  the  word  seems  to  be  eastern.  Cham- 
bers, in  his  Cyclopcedia,  1788,  says,  "  There  are  various 
kinds  of  muslins  brought  from  the  East  Indies,  chiefly 


3rrt  S.  IV.  AUG.  1,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


89 


from  Bengal ;  betelles,  tarnatans,  mulmuls,  tanjeebs,  ter- 
rindams,  doreas,  &c."  See  also  Zedler's  Lexicon  under 
"Taniebs."] 

QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — 

1.  "  Insatiate  archer !  could  not  one  suffice  ?  " 
The  commencement,  I  think,  of  an  epitaph  on 

two  children. 

2.  "  The  thunder  ceases  now 

To  bellow  through  the  vast  and  boundless  deep." 

3.  "  Aurea  prima  sata  est  aetas,  qua  vindice  nullo, 

Sponte  sua  sine  lege  fidem  rectumque  colebat.' 

Whence  the  lines  ?  REGIMENTAL. 

[1.  Young's  Night  Thoughts,  Night  I.  line  212.  Alluding 
to  three  deaths  in  his  own  family  occurring  within  a 
short  time  of  each  other. 

2.  Milton's  Paradise  Lost,  book  i.  lines  176,  177. 

3.  Ovid,  Metam.  i.  89,  90.] 

SIR  ROWLAND  HEYWARD,  Lord  Mayor  of  Lon- 
don, circa  1490,  was  buried  in  the  church  of  St. 
Alphage,  London  Wall.  What  was  his  coat  of 
arms  ?  J.  R- 

[Sir  Rowland  Heyward  was  Lord  Mayor  in  1570,  and 
died  Dec.  5, 1593.  His  arms  are  thus  described  in  Wright's 
edition  of  Heylyn's  Help  to  English  History,  p.  528 :  — 
"  Six  coats,  1.  G.  a  lion  rampant  guardant,  ar.  crowned, 
or.  2.  Ar.  two  pallets  ingrailed,  sable.  3.  Ar.  on  a  sal- 
tier ingrailed,  G.  five  fleur-de-lis,  or.  4.  G.  a  lion  rampant 
guardant,  and  in;  chief  two  mullets,  or.  5.  Per  fess  in- 
dented, or  and  arg.  an  eagle  displayed,  sable.  6.  As 
first."] 

BISHOP  FOWLER. — Have  new  editions  been  pub- 
lished within  the  last  few  years  of  any  of  Bishop 
Fowler's  Works  ?  MELETES. 

[Two  of  Bishop  Fowler's  works  have  been  reprinted  in 
the  recent  edition  of  Gibson's  Preservative,  1848-9.  In 
vol.  iii.  "Bellarmine  Examined:  4th  Note,  Amplitude,  or 
multitude,  and  variety  of  Believers."  In  vol.  vi.  "  The 
texts  examined  which  Papists  cite  for  the  obscurity  of 
Scripture."] 


MAJOR-GENERAL  JOHN  LAMBERT. 

(1st  S.  iv.  339 ;  v.  227  ;  vi.  103, 183 ;  vii.  237,  269, 
364,  459;  2nd  S.  iii.  410,  473;  vii.  131.) 

Being  struck  by  the  account  (1st  S.  vi.  183)  that 
Lambert,  who  would  have  been  supposed  to  be 
painting  flowers  at  Guernsey,  was  in  1678  solving 
equations  at  Plymouth,  I  inquired  of  my  old 
friend  MR.  P.  S.  CAREY,  now  High  Bailiff  of 
Guernsey,  what  evidence  could  be  found  as  to  the 
removal  and  its  cause.  In  due  time  I  received 
the  following  extracts,  which  I  think  well  worth 
transmitting  to  "  N.  &  Q."  They  might  no  doubt 
be  shortened;  but  there  is  something  of  a  picture 
in  the  whole.  The  very  great  importance  attached 
to  the  safe-keeping  of  the  prisoner,  the  necessity 
of  reporting  to  the  Secretary  of  State  the  excla- 
mation of  an  angry  girl,  the  direction  to  shoot  the 
prisoner  on  the  appearance  of  an  enemy  before 


the  island,  &c.  are  straws  of  history  worth  noting. 
I  suppose  it  will  be  clear  that  the  removal  of 
Lambert  to  Plymouth  was  the  consequence  of 
his  daughter's  marriage  with  the  son  of  the  Go- 
vernor of  Guernsey. 

A.  DE  MORGAN.  • 
Extracts  from  Papers  relating  to  Col.  Lambert. 

1.  State  Paper  Office,  Various,  Warrant  Book,  No. 

576  D.  fol.  26. 

The  like  Warrants  for  John  Lambert,'  commonly 
called  Coll.  John  Lambert,  to  bee  carried  by  Capt.  Hugh 
Hide  in  the  Ship  called  ye  Adventure,  close  prissoner 
to  Guernsey — ye  same  date. 

Oct.  21,  1666.  [Evidently  a  mistake,  probably  for 
1660.} 

2.  Mus.  Brit.   Add.   MS.    10,116,   fol.   266b.  Rugge's 

Diary. 

Nov.  1661 They  (i.  e.  the  Parliament)  also  or- 
dered that  the  King's  Majesty  be  desired  to  send  for 
John  Lambert,  Esq.  and  Sir  Henry  Vane,  Coll.  Collet, 
and  Sir  Hardress  Waller  backe  again  to  the  Tower  of 
London  that  they  may  atend  the  House  when  they  are 
called  for,  for  these  persons  was  sent  some  two  months 
before,  some  into  Gurnsey  and  som  into  Jernsey,  &c. 

3.  S.  P.  O.  Domestic,  Various,  576  D,  fol.  164. 
Licence  to  Mrs.  Lambert  with  her  3  Children  and  3  maid 
servants  to  goe  and  remain  with  her  Husband.    To  Sir 
Hugh  Pollard  or  other  the  present  Governor  of  Guernsey 
or  his  Deputy,  17  Feb.  1661/2. 

[The  King's  Hand.] 

4.  Idem,  fol.  238. 

Letter  to  the  Duke  of  York  to  send  two  ships  for  Vane 
and  Lambert,  first  of  Aprill,  1662. 

Warrant  to  the  Governor  of  Guernsey  to  deliver  Lam- 
bert to  such  person  or  persons  as  the  Duke  of  York  shall 
appoint.  1  Aprill,  1662. 

[N.B.  This  was  in  order  that  he  might  be  brought  to 
trial.  The  trial  took  place  in  June,  1662.] 

5.  Warrant. 

CHARLES  R.  Our  Will  and  Pleasure  is  that  you  take 
into  your  custody  the  person  of  John  Lambert,  commonly 
called  Collonel  Lambert,  and  keepe  him  a  close  Prisoner, 
as  a  condemned  Traytor,  until  further  order  from  us.  For 
which  this  shall  be  your  warrant.  Given  at  our  Court  at 
Hampton  Court  this  25th  day  of  July,  1662. 

By  His  Majesty's  Command, 

EDWARD  .NICHOLAS. 
To  our  Trusty,  &c. 
ye  Lord  Hatton,  Governor 
of  our  Island  of  Guernsey  and  to 
the  Lieutenant  Governor  thereof, 
or  his  Deputy. 

Lambert  to  Guernsey. 

6.  CHARLES  R.  Our  will  and  pleasure  is  that  from 
sight  hereof  you  give  such  Liberty  and  indulgence  to 
Collonel  John"  Lambert  your  prisoner  within  ye  precincts 
of  that  our  Island,  as  will  consist  with  the  security  of  his 
person,  and  as  in  your  discretion  you  shall  think  fitt,  and 
that  this  favour  be  continued  to  him  till  you  receive  our 
order  to  the  Contrary,  &c. 

Given  at  our  Court  at  Whitehall,  November  18,  1662. 
By  His  Majesty's  Command, 

(Signed)        HENRY  BENNET. 
To  our  right  Trusty,  &c. 
the  Lord  Hatton,  our  Governor,  &c. 

Liberty  of  the  Island  to  Mr  Lambert 


90 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  IV.  AUG.  1,  '63. 


7.  S.  P.  O.  Letter  from  Mr  Robert  Walters  to  Sir  H. 
Bennett,  Sec.  of  State. 

Guernsey,  April  3,  63. 

SIR, — Since  ray  arrival  in  Guernsey,  I  have  not  found 
a  quicker  opportunity  of  acquaintinge  you  therewith,  yet 

I  have  been  here  about  15  days The  prisoner 

in  the  Castle  is  very  melancholy,  trobled  at  many  things 
he  hears  .  .  saith  some  scandalous  toungs  have  tra- 
duced him  to  his  Matie  as  guilty  of  some  new  thoughts  of 
sedition,  which  he  utterly  disavows,  giving  very  great 
protestations  of  his  innocence,  and  says  he  can  never  be 
so  wicked  to  act  nor  think  the  least  thing  that  might  be 
prejudicial  to  such  a  prince  who  soe  mercifully  had  be- 
stowed life  upon  him,  who  so  little  deserved  it ;  he  lays 
the  fault  of  his  close  confinement  upon  the  Ld  Hatton, 
and  seems  to  wonder  much  at  his  severitie.  My  Lord  has 
given  him  the  libertie  of  the  Castle,  having  the  Porter 
of  the  place  for  his  Guard,  a  person  so  odious  (I  know  not 
upon  what  occasion)  to  the  prisoner,  as  he  refuseth  all 
stirrings  abroad  rather  than  to  have  his  Kep  for  a  Com- 
panion, nor  doe  his  Children  stirr  abroad,  though  they 
have  libertie  granted  to  come  into  the  Island.  I  would 
sometimes  invite  them  to  me  if  I  had  encouragement  soe 
to  doe.  I  pitee  their  restreainte — but  I  will  not  without 
licence  first  had  .  .  . 

ROBT.  WALTERS. 

8.  S.  P.  0.  (Extract.)  Letter  from  M'  Rob4  Walters  to 
Sir  Henry  Bennett. 

Guernsey,  April  18, 1663. 

SIR, — I  have  not  been  wanting  to  performe  your  com- 
mands in  writinge  to  you,  but  the  wind  hath  been  so  con- 
trary as  noe  vessel  has  stirred  out.!  of  this  port  allmost 

thes  3  weeks The  prisoner  yett  continues 

his  retirement  in  his  chamber  nor  will  accept  of  the  little 
liberty  preferred  him  to  walk  aboute  the  Castle  with  a 
Kep  given  him  by  the  Lord  Hatton.  The  other  day  I  was 
invited  to  the  Castle  to  heare  an  accusation  brought  in 
against  a  kinswoman  of  his  who  lives  with  him.  The 
accuser  was  the  same  Kep,  who  avered  she  told  the  Cen- 
tinel  in  his  hearinge  she  served  as  good  a  Master  as  he 
(the  Centinell)  —  about  some  angry  discourse  betwixt 
them, — she  having  throwne  some  water  wher  he  would 
not  have  had  her.  She  told  him  he  was  a  saucie  common 
soldier  to  teach  her  what  she  had  to  doe.  The  Centinell 
replied  his  Maties>  service  was  not  so  common, — where- 
upon she  replied,  she  served  as  good  a  Master,  to  her  own 
content.  She  is  a  young  Girl,  and  we  judged  she  spoke 
she  knew  not  what  herselfe.  I  write  this  to  assure  you 
nothing  of  the  least  concernment  shall  passe  of  which  you 
shall  not  have  a  particular  account  .  .  . 

ROBT.  WALTERS. 
For  the  R4  Hon^8 

Sir  Henry  Bennett,  Principal  Sec.  of  State,  &c. 

9.  Letter  from  Mri  Lambert  to  Mr  Williamson. 

March  ye  8th. 

SIR, — I  was  last  night  very  late  with  Mr  Secretary 
•whoe  hath  promised  mee  that  within  tow  or  three  days! 
shall  have  an  order  for  more  liberty  for  my  husband,  as 
allsoe  a  Letter  to  the.  Governor  of  Garnsey  consarning 
myselfe  and  famile.  I  am  sensible  that  Sir  Henry  Ben- 
nett hath  multitude  of  business  which  may  make  him  for- 
gett  mine.  Therfor  my  request  to  you  is  to  mind  him  of 
itt,  and  to  intreat  him  to  add  to  his  obligations  (which  I 
most  ever  acknowledge  are  alreed  great)  that  the  order 
and  Letter  may  be  drawne  as  much  to  our  advantage  as 
he  can : — For  the  letter  which  concerns  mee  and  my 
famile,  I  humbly  desire  him  that  itt  may  be  that  wee  may 
have  liberty  to  take  a  house  in  the  Island,  and  to  goe  and 
come  to  my  husband  freely.  And  for  the  order  that  con- 


sarns  him  that  he  may  have  the  liberty  of  the  Castle,  and 
what  other  liberty  my  Lord  Hatton  shall  thinke  fitt 
within  the  precincts  of  that  Island :  which  contains  noe 
more  than  what  was  formerly  granted  at  my  request. 
Sir  Henry  Bennett  hath  promised  to  give  these  papers 
into  your  hand.  I  was  very  desirous  to  have  spoken  with 
you,  but  nott  finding  you  within  is  the  occasion  that  I 
give  you  this  trouble,  which  I  beseech  you  to  excuse. 
From,  &c.  FRANCIES  LAMBERT. 

If  these  favours  be  granted,  I  assure  you  they  shall  not 
be  abused  by  mee  nor  mine. 

fin  dorso".]  8th  March  1663/4,  M«  Lambert, 
[Addressed]  for  Williamson,  Esq. 

10.  S.  P.  0.    Extract  from  a  Letter  from  Lord  Hatton  to 

Mr.  Williamson. 

Cornett  Castle,  7  May,  1664. 

SIR, — I  receaved  your  letter  which  gave  me  a  kind  ex- 
plication of  Mr  Secretaries  letter  in  the  case  of  the  pri- 
soner here CHR.  HATTON. 

To  my  much  valued  Freand  Mr  Williamson 
at  Mr  Secretary  Bennetts  lodging  in  White  hall. 

11.  S.  P.  0.    1666.    Advis  a  M,  le  Lieutenant  de  1'Isle  de 

Guernesey    [Extract.] 

MONSIEUR, — Je  suis  informe  de  certain  par  un  Gentil- 
homme  de  grande  qualite'  affectionne'  au  party,  que  le  Roi 
de  France  a  dessein  sur  les  Isles  de  Guerncye  et  Jerse'  .  . 
.  .  .  D'ailleurs  il  est  certain  que  Monsr  de  Matignon 
et  le  Gouverneur  du  Havre  ont  la  main  en  cette  af- 
faire   

12.  S.  P.  0.  The  King  to  the  Governor  of  Guernsey, 
1666.     [Draught.] 

Trusty  and  well  beloved,  wee  greet  you  well.  Wee 
have  seen  your  despatch  from  our  Castle  Cornett  in  that 
our  Island  of  Guernsey  of  the  ||  June,  giving  account  of 
the  seizure  and  examination  of  Jean  Francois  de  Briselance, 
Sr  de  Vaucourt,  native  of  Normandy  in  France,  Comman- 
der in  the  Island  of  Chouzey  upon  the  Coast  of  Normandy 
under  the  Sr  de  Matignon,  and  of  severall  other  particu- 
lers  relateing  to  a  designe  treacherously  and  perfidously 
carried  on  by  the  said  de  Vaucourt  for  effecting  the 
escape  of  John  Lambert,  prisoner  in  that  our  island,  for 
debauching  our  good  subjects  there  from  their  duty  and 
allegiance  to  us,  and  for  the  raising  and  fomenting  a  re- 
bellion in  this  our  Kingdome : — Which  having  taken  into 
our  serious  consideration,  and  well  weighing  the  danger- 
ous consequences  of  such  practises,  especially  in  this  con- 
juncture, wee  have  thought  fit  hereby  to  signify  our 
royall  will  and  pleasure  to  you  that  forthwith  upon 
receipt  hereof  you  give  order  that  the  said  Vaucourt,  as 
also  the  Master  of  the  Ship  seized  with  him,  be  immedi- 
ately without  further  forme  of  processe  hanged  as  spyes, 
and  that  you  cause  the  said  John  Lambert  to  be  hence- 
forth kept  close  prisoner  soe  as  you  remaine  answerable 
for  his  detention  at  your  utmost  perill.  And  if  at  any 
time  hereafter  an  enemy  shall  chance  to  appeare  before 
that  our  island  with  an  appearance  of  invading  it,  our 
will  and  pleasure  is,  and  we  do  hereby  sufficiently  au- 
thorize and  require  you  immediately  to  cause  the  said 
Lambert  to  be  shot  to  death,  he  being  already  a  con- 
demned person  by  the  Law,  for  having  contrary  to  his 
allegiance  and  the  eminent  obligations  he  hath  to  our  , 
Royall  clemency,  held  correspondence  with  our  enemies  / 
without  discovering  the  same  to  you  our  Governor  there.  / 
Whereof  you  may  in  no  wise  fayle — and  for  so  doing,  &c.  I 
Given  at  our  Court  at  White  hall  ye  day  of  July  in 
the  18th  year  of  our  raigne. 

By  his  Majesty's  Command. 


3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  1,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


91 


13.  S.  P.  0.  Car.  IT.  vol.  Ixv.  Art.  39. 

Mr.  Bradley  tould  me,  &c That  Lambert's 

Butler,  which  keeps  a  victualling  house  near  Charing 
Crosse,  who  sends  letters  to  Lambert,  and  receives  letters 
from  Lambert, — the  said  Bradley  told  me  that  Lambert's 
Butler  tould  him  that  if  his  Matie  should  send  to  Gurn- 
sey  (the  place  where  Lambert  is  prisoner)  for  the  execu- 
tion of  him,  the  Governor  would  not  only  refuse  it,  but 
oppose  it, — and  that  if  the  insurrection  went  on,  Gurnsey 
and  England  was  but  a  little  distance.  Lambert  would 
quickly  be  in  England  to  head  a  party. 

EDWARD  RIGGS. 

[In  dorso]  Rigg's  confession.    R.  23,  decr.  . 

14.  S.  P.  0.  Col.  Atkins  to  [Lord  Arlington.] 

Castle  Cornet,  Oct.  3/13, 1667. 

Mr  LORD,— I  received  yours  of  the  9/19  September, 
which  came  not  to  my  hands  till  the  27  of  the  same 
month.  The  prisoners  "of  State  in  this  Island  is  only  Mr. 
Lambert  who  by  order  from  His  Matie,  as  appears  by  my 
instructions,  I  received  at  my  arrival  heere  from  my  Lord 
Hatton.  Heere  remains  no  warrant  nor  record  of  his  com- 
mitment. His  straiter  confinement  was  by  order  from 
his  Mat'8  since,  the  occasion  whereof  your  Lordship  well 
knows  was  upon  the  business  for  which  Vaucourt  the 
Frenchman  was  executed.  He  remains  still  close  till  I 
receive  further  orders,  and  I  cannot  say  otherwise  than 
that  hee  hath  carried  himself  ever  since  with  modestie 
and  discretion  conforme  to  his  Matie>  commands. 

F.  ATKINS. 

15.  S.  P.  0.  Domestic.  Car.  II.  vol.  i.  Art.  56. 

To  the  King's  Most  Excellent  Matr. 

The  humble  Petition  of  Mrs.  Lambert  humbly 
sheweth.  That  your  Petitioner's  estate  being  very  small, 
and  not  able  to  "maintaine  herselfe,  ten  children  and  her 
husband  at  that  great  charge  his  close  imprisonment  re- 
quires, humbly  prays — That  your  Mat7  would  be  pleased 
to  add  to  your  former  grace  and  favour  in  letting  her  said 
husband  have  the  liberty  of  taking  a  house  in  the  Island 
he  is  now  prisoner, — that  your  poore  petitioner  her  chil- 
dren and  family  may  all  live  there  together  with  him, 
without  which  the  charge  is  so  insupportable  in  being 
thus  divided  that  in  a  very  short  time  wee  shall  not  be 
able  to  live.  Which  if  your  Ma'y  will  bee  pleased  gra- 
tiously  to  grant  we  shall  be  obliged  ever  to  pray. 

16.  S.  P.  O.  Dom.  Various,  588,  p.  9  b. 

The  King  to  the  Duke  of  Albemarle,  General  of  the 
Forces. 

R'  Trusty,  &c.  .  .  .  Whereas  .  .  .  Tho»  Vis- 
count Falconbridge,  .  .  .  John  Lord  Bellasys,  and 
.  .  .  Sir  Thomas  Ingram,  K*  Chancellor  of  our  Dutchy 
of  Lancaster  have  made  humble  sute  unto  us  on  behalf  of 
Colonel  John  Lambert,  now  a  prisoner  in  our  isle  of 
Guernsey  that  we  would  grant  him  the  liberty  of  the  said 
Island,  and  to  take  a  house  therein  for  himself  and  family 
to  live  in — he  passing  his  word  or  giving  security  to 
remaine  a  true  prisoner  in  our  said  Island,  we  are  grati- 
ously  pleased  to  condescend  unto  that  their  request,  and 
have  accordingly  thought  fit  hereby  to  signify  our  pleasure 
unto  you,  requiring  and  authorizing  you  to  give  effectual 
orders  that  he  the  said  Col.  Jo.  Lambert  may  have  and 
enjoy  the  liberty  of  our  foresaid  isle  of  Guernsey,  and  take 
a  house  therein  for  the  lodging  and  accomodation  of  him- 
self and  family,  he  passing  his  word  unto  you,  or  giving 
sufficient  security,  that  he  will  remaine  a  true  prisoner  in 
that  our  island.*  And  for  so,  £c.  Given,  &c.  Decr  3, 
1667,  in  the  19  year  of  our  reigne. 


17.  S.  P.  0.  [Draft.] 

Whereas  wee  did  by  our  warrant  of  Nov.  in  ye  13  yeare 
of  our  Reigne  give  order  that  you  shd  allow  such  liberty 
and  indulgence  to  Coll.  Jo.  Lambert  your  prisoner  within 
the  precincts  of  that  our  Island  as  will  consist  with  the 
security  of  his  person,  and  as  you  in  your  discretion 
should  think  fitt,  which  we  found  reason  since  to  abridge 
and  refraine  by  a  signification  of  our  Royal  pleasure  by  one 
of  our  principal  secretaries  of  state.  Now  whereas  wee 
have  been  again  humbly  moved  in  favour  of  the  said 
Coll.  Lambert,  our  will  and  pleasure  is  that  you  continue 
to  allow  unto  him  the  full  benefit  of  our  former  gracious 
favour  and  indulgence,  as  it  was  signified  to  you  by  our 
said  Warrant  of  Novr,  any  let  or  signification  to  the  con- 
trary notwithstanding,  the  same  to  continue  until  further 
order.  For  which,  &c.  .  .  . 

18.  S.  P.  0.  Domestic,  Various,  No.  589,  fol.  8. 
Lambert's  daughter  to  have  access  to  him. 

Whereas  humble  suite  hath  been  made  to  us  in  favour 
of  John  Lambert  now  close  prisoner  in  your  custody, 
That  in  consideration  of  his  present  distemper  and  bad 
estate  of  health,  wee  would  be  graciousely  pleased  to  grant 
our  royall  licence  to  Frances  Lambert,  one  of  the  daugh- 
ters of  the  said  John  Lambert  to  be  and  remaine  with 
her  father  during  the  time  of  his  indisposition,  and  till  our 
further  pleasure  in  that  behalf  be  signified  unto  you : — 
As  also  that  Mary  Hatton,  one  other  of  his  daughters, 
might  have  access  to  see  and  visit  her  sd  Father  and  to 
returne  againe.  Our  will,  &c. — that  accordingly  you 
permit  and  suffer  the  said  Frances  Lambert  to  be  and 
remaine  with  her  said  Father,  and  the  said  Mary  Hatton 
to  have  accesse  to  see  and  visitte  him  and  to  returne 
again  as  her  occasions  shall  require. 

For,  &c.    Given,  &c.    At  Whitehall,  Feb.  17,  1667-8. 

By  his,  &c. 
[Signed"]  ARLINGTON. 

To  the  Govr  of  Guernsey. 

[N.B.  In  the  beginning  of  the  "year  1665,  in  conse- 
quence of  certain  complaints,  Lord  Hatton  was  called 
awav  from  Guernse}',  and  Colonel  Atkins  was  authorised 
to  a'ct  in  his  place.  Lord  Hatton  never  returned,  and 
died  in  1670.  His  younger  son,  Charles  Hatton,  married 
Colonel  Lambert's  daughter  Mary.] 

19.  S.  P.  0. 

To  the  King's  most  Sacred  Majesty. 
The  Humble    petition   of  Christopher  L*  Hatton,  &c. 

humbly  sheweth  — 

That  your  petitioner  having  been  by  your  Majesty's 
favor  .  .'  .  .  constituted  for  life  ....  Gover- 
nor of  the  Isle,  &c.  ....  three  persons  and  no  more 

took  occasion  to  complain  of  Your  petitioner 

Upon  which  complaint  your  Majesty  was  pleased  to  send 
for  your  Petitioner  .  .  .  Your  Petitioner  is  not  igno- 
rant that  attempts  have  been  made  to  suggest  his  misfor- 
tunes as  faults  in  the  case  of  his  sonn's  marriage  with  a 
prisoner's  daughter  there,  and  though  he  is  confident  your 
Majesty  will  not  lay  that  as  a  crime  to  your  Petitioner, 
yett  he  craves  leave  to  say  his  consent  could  not  be  rea- 
sonably inferred, — being  to  a  person  whose  Father  was 
attainted,  who  had  no  portion.  And  the  thing  had  no  ill 
effect  since  the  Prisoner  remained  in  safe  custody,  and 
delivered  up  in  that  safety  he  remains.  And  no  sooner 
did  your  Petitioner  know  of  that  match  was  a  yeare  and 
more  after  the  pretended  marriage,  but  he  turned  his 
sonn  out  of  doores,  and  hath  never  since  given  him  a 

penny    

Your  petitioner  humbly  prays, 

[No  date.] 


92 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  AUG.  1,  '63. 


20.  From  the  Council  Register. 
Order  in  Council,  15  November,  1668. 
Upon  reading  the  petition  of  John  de  la  Marche,  Gen- 
tleman, Porter  of  Castle  Cornet  in  the  Isle  of  Guernsey, 
praying  that  His  Matie  will  be  graciously  pleasde  to  order 
that .  his  three  years  salary  in  arreare  may  be  paid  unto 
him,  together  with  such  allowance  or  other  consideration 
as  shall  be  thought  fit  for  (inter  alia)  his  fee  for  the  safe 
custody  of  John  Lambert  for  these  eight  years  —  it  was 
ordered,  that  the  Petitioner  do  deliver  a  copy  of  the  said 
Petition  unto  Colonell  Jonathan  Atkins,  His  Majesty's 
Governor  of  Guernsey,  who  is  hereby  required  to  certify 
the  truth  of  the  allegations  thereof  to  the  Board,  &c. 


ARCHBISHOP  HARSNET  AND  BISHOP  KEN. 
,    (3rd  S.  iv.  3.) 

The  beautiful  testimonies  quoted  by  J.  Y.  to 
he  catholic  orders  and  doctrines  of  the  Anglican 
Church  have  numberless  parallels  among  those 
who  have  been  in  our  land  very  arvXoi  Kal  tSptuu- 
HO.TO.  TTJS  a\i]deias.  Dr.  Robert  Sanderson  has  this 
profession  of  his  faith  in  his  last  will  and  testa- 
ment :  — 

"And  here  I  do  profess,  that  as  I  have  lived,  so  I 
desire,  and  by  the  grace  of  God  resolve,  to  die  in  the 
communion  of  the  Catholic  Church  of  Christ,  and  a  true 
son  of  the  Church  of  England :  which,  as  it  stands  by 
law  established,  to  be  both  in  doctrine  and  worship 
agreeable  to  the  word  of  God,  and  in  the  most,  and  most 
material,  points  of  both,  conformable  to  the  faith  and  prac- 
tice of  the  Godly  Churches  of  Christ  in  the  primitive  and 

purer  times,  I  do  firmly  believe And  herein  I  am 

abundantly  satisfied  that  the  schism  which  the  Papist  on 
the  one  hand,  and  the  superstition  which  the  Puritan  on 
the  other,  lay  to  our  charge,  are  very  justly  chargeable 
upon  themselves  respectively." 

Bishop  Sanderson  was  born  at  Rotheram  in 
Yorkshire,  Sept.  19,  1587,  recommended  to  the 
bishopric  of  Lincoln  by  Dr.  Sheldon,  Archbishop 
of  Canterbury,  1660,  and  died  Jan.  29,  1662. 

The  celebrated  Lord  Exmouth,  born  at  Dover 
in  1757,  wrote  as  follows  in  one  of  the  very  last 
letters  he  ever  penned.  Speaking  of  the  attacks 
made  against  the  Church  of  England,  he  says :  — 
"  I  am  much  inclined  to  consider  this  (i.  e.  the  cholera 
then  raging)  an  infliction  of  Providence,  to  shew  His 
power  to  the  discontented  of  the  world,  who  have  long 
been  striving  against  the  government  of  man,  and  are 
commencing  their  attacks  on  our  Church.  But  they  will 
fail !  God  will  never  suffer  his  Church  to  fall." 

The  Rev.  John  Kettlewell,  deprived  as  a  non- 
juror,  together  with  Sancroft,  Ken,  and  others, 
drew  up  a  few  days  before  his  death  a  declaration 
of  his  faith.  This  he  presented  on  the  altar  when 
he  received  the  Blessed  Sacrament  for  the  last 
time  from  Bishop  Lloyd.  In  this  declaration  he 
says : — 

"  I  profess  to  continue  firm  and  stedfast  in  the  unity 
and  communion  of  Christ's  Holy  Catholic  Church.  And 
having  been  not  only  made  a  member,  but,  by  my  blessed 
master  Jesus  Christ's  inestimable  vouchsafement,  called 
to  be  a  minister  of  His  in  the  Church  of  England ;  I  do 


profess  and  declare,  that  as  I  have  lived  and  ministered 
hitherto,  so  I  do  still  continue  firm  in  its  faith,  worship, 
and  communion." 

Dr.  John  Donne,  Dean  of  St.  Paul's,  the  friend 
of  George  Herbert,  prefaces  his  last  will  with  these 
among  other  remarks.  He  thanks  God  devoutly 
"  for  that  constant  and  cheerful  resolution,  which 
the  same  Spirit  hath  established  in  me,  to  live  and 
die  in  the  religion  now  professed  in  the  Church  of 
England."  And  the  saintly  George  Herbert  him- 
self, while  lying  on  his  bed  of  sickness,  desired 
Mr.  Duncon  to  pray  with  him.  "What  prayers  ?" 
asked  Mr.  Duncon.  The  holy  man  fervently  re- 
plied, "O  Sir!  the  prayers  of  my  mother  the 
Church  of  England.  No  other  prayers  are  equal 
to  them  ! "  Nicolas  Ridley,  in  his  farewell  letter, 
written  on  the  eve  of  his  martyrdom,  charac- 
terises the  doctrines  of  the  Church  of  England, 
for  which  he  was  about  to  die,  as  "  God's  eternal 
and  everlasting  truth." 

While  on  the  subject  of  last  sayings  and  wills, 
I  would  notice  a  curious  bequest  in  the  will  of 
Benjamin  Franklin,  though  of  course  it  is  alien  to 
our  proper  subject.  It  runs  thus  :  — 

"  My  fine  crab-tree  walking-stick,  with  a  gold  head 
curiously  wrought  in  the  form  of  the  cap  of  liberty,  I 
give  to  my  friend,  and  the  friend  of  mankind,  General 
Washington.  If  it  were  a  sceptre,  he  has  merited  it,  and 
would  become  it." 

W.  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 


THE  KNIGHTS  HOSPITALLERS  OF  ST.  JOHN. 

APPOINTMENT   OF   THE   GRAND   PBIOB  OF  THE 
ENGLISH  LANGUE. 

(3rd  S.  iii.  passim.) 

HISTOBICUS  might  very  well  have  spared  him- 
self the  trouble  of  writing  at  such  great  length  in 
his  bitter  attacks  on  the  English  Langue,  for  in 
the  few  following  lines  of  his  first  communica- 
tion the  whole  point  of  his  argument  undeniably 
rests  :  — 

"  If  the  English  Langue  is  acknowledged  by  the  head    • 
of  the  Order  all  is  well ;  otherwise  it  cannot  be  the  Lan- 
guage of  England,  or  a  branch  of  the  Order  of  the  Knights 
Hospitallers  of  St.   John.      Who  appointed   the   Grand    ">  Q 
Prior,  for  by  the  Statutes,  sect.  xm.  (Of  the  Elections), 
No.  3,  the  election  is  in  the  hands  of  the  Master  and 
Council." 

But  who  is  the  head  of  the  Order  to  whom 
HISTORICUS  alludes,  and  the  Master  and  Council, 
by  whose  authority  the  Grand  Prior  of  the  Eng- 
lish Langue  should  be  appointed?  Can  it  be 
possible  that  your  correspondent  is  in  earnest, 
when  referring  to  a  few  aged  officials  at  Rome,  as 
the  persons  to  whom  the  English  Knights  must 
bend  in  submission  if  desirous  of  being  acknow- 
ledged as  the  "real"  English  Langue  of  the  Order 
of  St.  John  ?  Should  that  be  his  object,  he  will 
fail  in  accomplishing  it.  These  Roman  dignitaries 


S.  IV.  AUG.  1,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


93 


having  no  more  right  to  nominate  an  English 
Grand  Prior,  because  the  office  he  holds  was  at 
one  time  subject  to  a  Catholic  head,  than  they 
would  in  appointing  a  Bishop  of  Malta  from  his 
officiating  on  festival  days  in  St.  John's  Church, 
where  the  Grand  Master  and  his  Knights  were 
accustomed  to  worship.  Therefore,  may  we  add, 
that  any  attempt  on  their  part  to  claim  jurisdic- 
tion over  the  English  Langue,  will  not  be  acknow- 
ledged. In  truth,  it  would  be  simply  absurd 
after  the  candid  admission  of  SIR  GEORGE  BOWYER 
(p.  252),  that  the  Pope  is  not  permitted  to  ap- 
point the  Grand  Prior  of  the  Language  to  which 
he  belongs,  "unless  by  convention  with  the  Order  " 
at  Rome.  Surely  if  the  Catholic  Master  and 
Council  decline  yielding  implicit  obedience  to 
"His  Holiness"  the  Pope,  it  cannot  be  expected 
that  the  Protestant  branch  should  pursue  a  dif- 
ferent course,  or  be  willing  to  acknowledge  those 
persons  as  the  chiefs  of  their  Order  who  have 
shown  so  little  consideration  to  the  head  of  their 
church ;  depriving  him  of  an  authority,  which, 
from  the  determination  of  his  predecessors,  he 
might  legally  claim,  and  the  Knights  of  St.  John 
in  other  days  dared  not  to  deny.  The  English 
Langue,  in  its  strict  sense  of  justice,  cannot  observe 
this  innovation  on  the  part  of  the  Roman  branch 
without  a  word  of  remark.  It  being  well  known 
that  the  pontiffs  of  ancient  times  could  appoint  a 
Grand  Master  of  the  Order  without  consulting 
the  crowned  heads  of  Europe,  how  is  it  that  the 
present  Pope  cannot  even  nominate  the  Prior  of 
a  single  Langue,  unless  by  consent  of,  or  conven- 
tion with,  the  Master  and  Council  at  Rome? 

Were  HISTORICUS  a  member  of  the  Order,  we 
might  ask  him  at  what  period,  for  what  reasons, 
and  in  what  manner  this  important  change  has 
occurred.  Perhaps  our  old  friend  J.  J.  W.,  who 
is  a  Knight  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem,  and  -well 
read  in  its  history,  will  kindly  give  us  this  infor- 
mation. 

We  shall  await  his  answer  before  returning  to 
the  subject  again.  AN  OBSERVER. 


QUEEN  ISABELLA,  « THE  CATHOLIC." 
(3fd  S.  iv.  76.) 

In  answer  to  the  remarks  of  your  correspon- 
dent L.JELIUS,  I  still  consider  that  I  was  justified 
in  protesting  against  the  unfavourable  character, 
drawn  by  Mr.  G.  A.  Bergenroth,  of  Queen  Isabella, 
"  the  Catholic." 

One  would  suppose  from  the  remarks  of  L^;- 
LIUS  that  I  contented  myself  with  a  mere  protest, 
for  he  says :  "  If  MR.  DALTON  is  called  upon  to 
protest,  let  him  first  deal  with  facts."  Did  I  not 
deal  with  facts  ?  I  quoted  the  authority  of  Peter 
Martyr,  who,  in  a  letter  written  to  the  Arch- 
bishop of  Granada  on  the  very  day  of  the  queen's 


death,  speaks  of  her  in  the  highest  terms  of  praise. 
His  testimony  is  the  more  valuable,  because  he  was 
intimately  acquainted  with  Isabella. 

I  then  referred  to  the  late  Mr.  Prescott's  His- 
tory of  Ferdinand  and  Isabella,  which  is  considered 
to  be,  with  a  few  inaccuracies  here  and  there,  a 
very  valuable  and  interesting  biography.  These 
inaccuracies  have  been  corrected  in  the  Spanish 
translation  of  the  work  by  Senor  Sabau  y  Lar- 
roya.  Every  effort,  however,  seems  to  have  been 
made  by  Mr.  Prescott  to  consult  the  original 
authorities  to  which  access  was  permitted.  Above 
all,  he  was  fortunate  in  being  able  to  make  use  of 
the  copious  illustrations  of  Isabella's  reign  by 
Clemencin,  the  lamented  secretary  of  the  Royal 
Academy  of  History  at  Madrid ;  and  also  of  the 
labours  of  another  modern  Spanish  historian  named 
Munoz,  who  calls  "  the  Catholic  Queen "  the  in- 
comparable Isabella.  (Memorias  de  la  Eeal  Aco.de- 
mia  de  la  Historia,  torn.  iii.  p.  29.) 

What,  then,  is  the  result  of  his  researches  re- 
specting the  character  of  Isabella  ?  L^LTUS  does 
not  even  allude  to  the  quotations  which  I  made 
from  Prescott's  History,  all  of  which  directly  con- 
tradict, in  the  most  emphatic  manner,  the  asser- 
tions of  Mr.  Bergenroth. 

I  hope  your  correspondent  will  carefully  peruse 
"the  character  of  Isabella"  as  drawn  by  Mr. 
Prescott  (Hist,  of  the  Reign  of  Ferdinand  and 
Isabella  "the  Catholic"  of  Spain,  7th  ed.  in  one 
vol.  London,  1854,  chap.  xvi.  p.  463,  &c.) 

Mr.  Bergenroth  may  have  found  documents  in 
the  Archives  at  Simancas,  which  will  no  doubt 
throw  considerable  light  on  the  reign  of  Ferdi- 
nand and  Isabella.  But  the  facts  which  he  quotes 
in  his  preface  to  the  admirable  Calendar  of  Let- 
ters, Despatches,  Sfc.,  which  he  has  edited,  do  not 
in  my  humble  judgment  authorise  him  to  speak  in 
the  way  he  does  of  Queen  Isabella.  Believing 
such  to  be  the  truth,  I  consider  I  was  quite  justi- 
fied in  entering  my  protest  against  the  writer's 
sweeping  assertions. 

With  regard  to  Queen  Elizabeth  and  the  "  His- 
torical Parallel"  drawn  by  Dr.  Hefele  between 
her  and  Isabella,  I  decline  entering  into  any  de- 
tails which  would  probably  lead  me  into  a  contro- 
versy with  your  correspondent,  which  I  am  sure 
would  be  unsuitable  for  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q." 

I  will  therefore  merely  observe,  that  L^LTUS  is 
quite  incorrect  in  supposing,  that  the  bull  of  ex- 
communication against  Elizabeth  authorised  her 
subjects  to  kill  her.  Lingard  gives  the  substance 
of  it  in  these  few  words  :  — 

"A  Bull  was  prepared,  in  which  the  Pope,  after  the 
enumeration  of  these  offences,  was  made  to  pronounce 
her  guilty  of  heresy,  to  deprive  her  of  her  '  pretended ' 
right  to  the  crown  of  England,  and  to  absolve  her  Eng- 
lish subjects  from  their  allegiance." — History  of  England, 
ed.  London,  1844,  vol.  viii.  p.  56. 

J. 

Norwich. 


94 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  IV.  AUG.  1,  '63. 


CAST  FROM  CROMWELL'S  FACE  (3rd  S.  iv.  26.) — 
At  Lady  Frankland  Russell's,  Chequers  Court, 
near  Wendover,  Bucks,  there  is  a  cast  of  Crom- 
well's face,  indisputably  taken  soon  after  death ;  it 
speaks  for  itself.  Chequers  Court  belonged  to 
the  family,  and  is  full  of  interesting  relics  of  the 
Protector  and  his  compeers.*  SEXAGENARIAN. 

INSCRIPTION  AT  TRUJILLO  (3rd  S.  iv.  50.) — It 
seems  to  me  impossible  to  make  out  any  meaning 
from  the  words,  as  they  are  given  by  your  corre- 
spondent C.  M.  As  he  saw  them  around  a  shield 
fixed  on  the  wall  of  a  church,  he  seems  not  to  have 
been  in  a  position  to  have  copied  them  correctly. 
The  Very  first  word,  Slacis,  in  the  inscription,  is 
not  Spanish,  neither  is  the  word  Decon. 

J.  DALTON. 

LAW  or  ADULTERY  (3rd  S.  iv.  7.) — Your  cor- 
respondent A.  M.  inquires  what  was  the  name  of 
the  king  mentioned  in  ancient  history,  who  caused 
a  law  to  be  enacted  against  adultery,  under  which 
the  offender  was  to  be  punished  by  the  loss  of 
both  his  eyes.  The  question,  I  imagine,  refers  to 
the  case  of  Zaleucus,  prince  and  lawgiver  of  the 
Locrians,  who  having  established  such  a  law 
amongst  his  countrymen,  his  own  son,  detected  in 
the  fact,  was  brought  for  judgment  before  him. 
The  people  were  willing  and  desirous  to  pardon  ; 
but  strict  justice  demanded  the  exaction  of  the 
penalty ;  and  the  unhappy  father,  rather  than 
shrink  from  his  duty,  commanded  one  of  his  own 
eyes  to  be  first  put  out,  and  then  one  of  his  son's. 
Thus  saving,  by  personal  suffering,  his  child  from 
a  punishment  almost  worse  than  death.  The 
story  is  to  be  found  in  Vol.  Max.  vi.  5,  3  ;  and 
also  in  .ZElian,  Var.  Hist.  xiii.  24.  See,  too,  Dion. 
Hal.  xii.  20.  W. 

ALICIA  DE  LACY  (3rd  S.  iv.  27.) — It  strikes  me 
that  your  correspondent  S.  S.  will  have  some 
difficulty  in  finding  the  authority  for  the  story  of 
Alicia's  connection  with  "  Thomas  Edgar."  She 
was  unquestionably  a  profligate  woman,  her  second 
husband,  Sir  Ebulo  L'Estrange,  having  been  her 
paramour  during  the  life  of  the  Earl  of  Lancaster  ; 
and  she  also  contracted  a  mock  marriage  with  one 
Richard  de  St.  Martin.  She  afterwards  married 
Hugo  de  Frenes,  and  died  childless  in  1348.  Is 
the  "  Thomas  Edgar  "  alluded  to  by  your  corre- 
spondent identical  with  Richard  de  St.  Martin  ? 
Sir  Ebulo  L'Estrange  was,  I  believe,  a  bachelor 
at  the  time  of  his  marriage  with  Alicia.  If  there 
be  any  truth  in  the  story,  I  shall  be  as  anxious  to 
discover  it  as  your  correspondent. 

HERMENTRUDE. 

WHITEHALL  (3rd  S.  iv.  29.)  —  Th^ere  have  been 
two  Bishops  of  St.  David's  of  the  name  of  Lang- 
ton  :  John  Langton,  appointed  in  1447 ;  and 


*  See  Murray's  Handbook  for  Bucks,  for  many  parti- 
culars of  them. 


Thomas  Langton,  appointed  in  1483.  This  Tho- 
mas Langton  was  translated  from  St.  David's  to 
Salisbury  in  1485 ;  and  from  Salisbury  to  Win- 
chester in  1493.  His  arms  as  Bishop  of  Winches- 
ter (similar,  as  far  as  my  memory  serves  me,  to 
those  described  by  W.  P.),  are  over  the  gateway 
of  the  old  castle  at  Taunton.  On  January  20, 
1501,  he  was  translated  from  Winchester  to  Can- 
terbury ;  but  died  on  the  27th  of  the  same  month, 
before  his  translation  could  be  perfected.  The 
shields  that  W.  P.  inquires  about  may  perhaps 
be  his.  I  take  it  for  granted  that  they  are  not 
old  enough  to  have  belonged  to  Stephen  Langton, 
who  was  archbishop  in  the  time  of  King  John. 

MELETES. 

There  can  be  little  doubt  that  the  shields  which 
perplex  your  correspondent  W.  P.  are  those  of 
Wolsey  and  the  see  of  York. 

Wolsey's  coat  was  :  On  a  cross,  engrailed,  four 
leopards'  faces;  on  fess  point,  a  lion  rampant; 
on  a  chief,  a  rose  barbed,  seeded,  between  two 
choughs. 

The  old  arms  of  the  see  of  York  were  nearly 
identical  with  those  of  Canterbury.  Whitehall, 
then  called  York  House,  was  the  palace  of  the 
archbishop.  SEXAGENARIAN. 

MR.  JOHN  COLLET  :  DR.  COLLET  (3rd  S.  iv.  47.) 
The  author  of  the  Common-place  Book  to  which 
MR.  HAZLITT  alludes,  was  John  Collet,  only  son 
of  Thomas  Collet  of  Highgate  and  the  Middle 
Temple,  Esq.,  by  Martha,  daughter  of  John  Sber- 
rington,  of  London,  merchant.  (Life  of  Nic. 
Ferrar,  ed.  Mayor,  379.)  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Middle  Temple,  having  previously  been,  like 
his  father,  a  fellow  commoner  of  Clar-e  Hall, 
Cambridge.  (Knight's  Life  of  Colet,  263.)  His 
will,  wherein  he  is  described  as  of  S.  Andrew, 
Holborn,  Esq.,  bears  date  May  9,  1711,  and  was 
proved  in  the  Prerogative  Court,  Nov.  26,  1713. 
Our  friend  MR.  GEO.  R.  CORNER  has  kindly 
furnished  us  with  an  extract  from  this  will,  which 
is  of  considerable  interest  as  relating  to  the  Gid- 
ding  Story  Books  and  other  MSS.  of  the  testator's 
great  uncle  Nicholas  Ferrar  and  the  portraits  of 
that  celebrated  person  and  his  parents. 

Dr.  Collet,  whose  Daily  Devotions  were  adver- 
tised in  1671,  was  the  famous  Dean  of  St.  Paul's, 
for  amongst  his  works  Anthony  a  Wood  enu- 
merates "  Daily  Devotions ;  or,  the  Christians 
Morning  Sacrifice,  SfC.  Printed  at  London  several 
times  in  twelves  and  sixteens."  A  copy  of  the 
twentieth  edition,  Lond.  12mo,  1693,  is  in  Sion 
Coll.  Library.  (Reading's  Cat.  Sion  Coll.  Libr. 
B.  vi.  38.)  To  this  edition  is  prefixed  the  Dean's 
portrait  engraved  by  J.  Sturt.  (Lowndes,  ed. 
Bohn,  495.) 

We  have  not  ascertained  when  this  work  was 
first  printed.  Its  authenticity  appears  question- 
able. C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 


S.  IV.  AUG.  1,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


95 


CAPTAIN  THOMAS  KERRIDGE  (3rd  S.  iv.  49.)  — 
He  is  repeatedly  mentioned  in  Mr.  Gainsbury's 
Calendar  of  East  India  State  Papers.  See  the 
Preface,  p.  1.  and  Index.  It  would  appear  that 
he  was  living  in  1616. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

GODOLPHIN:  WHITE  EAGLE  (3rd  S.  iii.  448; 
iv.  56.)  —  When  I  wrote  Dolfyn,  "  the  little 
spring,"  I  meant  "  the  spring  in  the  valley."  This 
reminds  me  of  the  Cornish  surname  Edeveain, 
var.  Edyvane,  Edyveain,  Edyvean,  and  Edyf?/n, 
which  latter  is  said  to  have  been  the  earliest 
orthography  of  the  name.  I  will  give  some  sug- 
gestions as  to  the  etymology.  1 .  A  corruption  of 
the  French  form  of  Edwin ;  2.  from  the  Cornish 
izy-vean,  "  the  little  bottom  or  valley ; "  3.  from 
izy-vyin,  "  the  valley  of  stones  ;  "  4.  from  izy-fyn, 
"  the  spring  in  the  valley  or  bottom."  Cf.  the 
Cornish  name  Devane.  R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 

HOPTON  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  iv.  48.) — In  your  1"  S. 
iv.  97,  you  were  good  enough  to  print  a  Note  of 
mine  embodying  a  curious  old  letter,  written  by 
a  Mr.  Ernie,  respecting  Lady  Hopton  of  Witham 
Friary,  Somerset,  the  grandmother  of  himself  and 
of  Lord  Hopton,  which  will  sufficiently  indicate 
the  multitude  of  "  existing  families,  directly  or 
remotely  connected"  with  them.  A  pedigree  of 
the  family  is  to  be  found  in  Blore's  Rutland;  and 
also  in  Sir  R.  C.  Hoare's  Monastic  Remains  of 
Witham,  Bruton,  and  Stavordale ;  from  which  it 
would  appear  probable  that  the  male  line  may  not 
be  extinct  even  now ;  although  the  Lord  Hop- 
ton  himself  being  the  only  son  of  his  father,  and 
dying  without  issue,  the  property  and  direct  re- 
presentation of  the  family  went  to  his  four  sisters  : 
First  Rachel,  who  married,  1,  David  Kemeys  of 
Keven  Mably ;  and  2,  Thos.  Morgan.  Second, 
Mary,  who  married,  1,  Sir  Henry  Mackworth; 
and  2,  Sir  Thomas  Hartopp.  Third,  Catherine, 
married  to  John  Windham,  ancestor  of  the  Earls 
of  Egremont.  And  fourth,  Margaret,  married  to 
Sir  Baynham  Throckmorton. 

Lord  Hopton's  father  had  seven  brothers  and 
ten  sisters;  whose  names  were,  according  to  the 
letter  above-mentioned :  "  Lady  Bacon,  Lady 
Smith,  Lady  Morton,  Lady  Bannister,  and  Lady 
Fettiplace  ;  Bingham,  Baskett,  Cole,  Thomas,  and 
Ernie." 

Lady  Morton  was  the  ancestress  of  the  Play- 
dells  of  Whatcombe,  in  this  county.  Lady  Ban- 
nister's granddaughter,  by  her  first  husband,  Sir 
John  Rogers  of  Bryanston,  became  Duchess  of 
Richmond ;  and  her  daughter  and  heiress,  by  Sir 
Robert  Bannister,  Lady  Maynard.  Mrs.  Bing- 
ham was  ray  own  ancestress.  Mrs.  Cole's  daugh- 
ter, and  eventual  heiress,  Dorothy,  married,  in 
Nailsea  church,  near  Bristol,  in  1635,  Mr.  Alex- 
ander Popham,  and  died  1643.  From  Mrs.  Ernie 
my  own  family  is  also  descended,  and  the  Money- 


Kyrles  of  Much  Marche,  &c.  In  short,  it  would 
be  an  endless  task  to  specify  all  the  connections 
of  the  Hoptons ;  and  I  fear  I  may  have  already 
exhausted  your  readers'  patience  by  the  sample  of 
them  I  have  thus  hastily  given. 

C.  W.  BINGHAM. 
Binghams  Melcombe,  Dorset. 

MEANING  OF  BOUMAN  (3rd  S.  iv.  37.)— The  fol- 
lowing from  the  Supplement  to  Ogilvie's  Imperial 
Dictionary,  will  throw  a  little  light  on  this  :  — 

"  BOW'IN,  BOD'IN,  n.  (Scotch,  from  the  Gaelic,  bho). 
A  bowin  of  cows,  a  dairy  farmed  out  either  by  the  land- 
lord or  tenant  of  a  farm :  the  terms  generally  being  so 
much  per  head,  grass  and  other  provender  included,  ac- 
cording to  agreement." 

THOS.  SHIELDS. 

Scarborough. 

HANDASYDE  (3rd  S.  iv.  29.) — Whether  a  Hand- 
asyde  pedigree  exists,  I  do  not  know  ;  but  when 
compiling  an  account  of  the  Engaines  and  their 
possessions,  I  made  a  note  of  some  genealogical 
details  of  the  Handasyde  family  extending  over 
about  fifty  years.  JOSEPH  Rix,  M.D. 

St.  Neot's. 

SERMONS  UPON  INOCULATION  (1st  S.  vi.  510, 616 ; 
2nd  S.  iii.  243  ;  3rd  S.  iii.  390,  476  ;  iv.  13.)— It  is 
nearly  fourteen  years,  as  the  above  references  will 
show,  since  this  subject  was  introduced  into  these 
pages.  But,  although  the  latest  correspondent  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  quotes  Dr.  Moseley's  question — 

"  Can  any  person  say  what  may  be  the  consequences  of 
introducing  a  bestial  humour  into  the  human  frame  after 
a  long  lapse  of  years  ?  " — 

yet  no  one  has  recorded  in  these  pages  that  other 
Query,  that  was  propounded  as  a  crushing  reply 
to  Dr.  Moseley's  question.  It  was  this :  — 

"  What  may  be  the  consequences,  after  a  long  lapse  of 
years,  of  introducing  into  the  human  frame  cow's  milk, 
beefsteaks,  or  a  mutton-chop  ?  " 

I  quote  this  from  a  complete  account  of  this 
subject  in  that  popular  work,  Sketches  of  Impos- 
ture, Deception,  and  Credulity,  p.  359,  Family 
Library,  No.  LXIII.  CUTHBERT  BEDE. 

EXECUTION  BY  BURNING  (3rd  S.  iv.  4.)  — Your 
correspondent  JEAN  LE  TROUVEUR  seems  not  to 
have  a  happy  knack  of  finding  things.  The  in- 
stance cited  by  Mr.  Phillimore  from  the  Annual 
Register  for  1777,  which  JEAN  LE  TROUVEUR  says 
is  not  there,  runs  as  follows,  under  the  date  of 
February  26 :  — 

"  The  Sessions  ended  at  the  Old  Bailey,  when  the  fol- 
lowing convicts  received  sentence  of  death,  viz.  William 
Lavy,  SenJ,  and  Sarah  Parker,  who  were  convicted  in 
October  Sessions  for  counterfeiting  the  silver  coin ;  Lavy 
is  to  be  hanged,  and  Parker  burnt."  —  Dodsley's  Annual 
Register  for  1777,  p.  168. 

The  reference  to  the  case  that  occurred  in  1773, 
is  as  perfectly  correct  as  the  other :  — 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Od  8.  IV.  AUG.  1,_'63. 


"  The  method  of  executing  this  unfortunate  woman 
[Elizabeth  Herring]  was  as  follows : — She  was  placed  on 
a  stool,  something  more  than  two  feet  high  ;  and  a  chain 
being  placed  under  her  arms,  the  rope  round  her  neck 
was  made  fast  to  two  spikes,  which  being  driven  through 
a  post  against  which  she  stood,  when  her  devotions 
were  ended,  the  stool  was  taken  from  under  her,  and  she 
was  soon  strangled.  When  she  had  hung  about  fifteen 
minutes,  the  rope  was  burnt,  and  she  sank  till  the  chain 
supported  her,  forcing  her  hands  up  to  a  level  with  her 
face;  and  the  flames  being  furious,  she  was  soon  con- 
sumed. The  crowd  was  so  immensely  great,  that  it  was 
a  long  time  before  the  faggots  could  be  placed  for  exe- 
cution. 

"  It  was  computed  that  there  were  about  20,000  people 
to  see  this  melancholy  spectacle;  many  of  whom  were 
much  hurt,  and  some  trodden  to  death  in  gratifying  a 
barbarous  curiosity." — Dodslev' 's  Annual  Register  for  1773, 
p.  131.] 

Surely  it  was  not  the  "  curiosity"  alone  that 
was  "  barbarous."  On  the  contrary,  I  think  that 
your  readers  will  agree  with  me  that  the  "  melan- 
choly spectacle  "  itself  was  quite  barbarous  enough 
to  warrant  its  being  included  in  Mr.  Phillimore's 
enumeration  of  "  horrid  things."  MELETES. 

PRINCE  CHEISTIEEN  OF  DENMARK:  (3rd  S.  iv.  57.) 
Princes  of  the  name  of  Christian  are  numerous  in 
this  family.  The  same  authority  that  I  before 
quoted  (Koch,  Tables  LX.,  CXVL,  and  CXVIf. 
Paris,  1814),  will  exhibit  the  descent  of  this  prince 
through  John.  1.  Christian  III.,  died  1559;  2. 
John  the  younger,  Duke  of  Holstein-Sunderburg, 
died  1622 ;  3.  Alexander,  died  1627  ;  4.  Ernest- 
Gonthier,  died  1689 ;  5.  Frederick  William,  died 
1714;  6.  Christian  Augustus,  Duke  of  Holstein- 
Augustenburg,  died  1754 ;  7.  Frederick  Christian, 
died  1794,  whose  son  of  same  name,  (8),  Frederick 
Christian,  born  1765,  married  Louisa,  daughter 
of  Christian  VII.  of  Denmark,  their  eldest  son 
being,  (9)  Christian-Charles-Frederick-Augustus, 
born  1798.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

BELT,  LITERATURE  (3rd  S.  iv.  52.) — I  can  add 
another  poetical  effusion  to  the  list  already  given 
by  the  REV.  H.  T.  EIXACOMBE,  entitled  Cam- 
parxe  Undellenses  (the  Bells  of  Oundle.)  It  is  a 
copy  of  Latin  hexameters  in  their  praise,  written 
by  Gul.  Dillingham  S.  T.  P.  Cantab.,  and  to  be 
found  in  the  MUSCR  Anglican®,  vol.  i.  p.  244,  a 
work  edited  by  Vine*  nt  Bourne  of  classic  fame. 
May  I  append  a  query?  How  many  churches 
and  cathedrals  in  England  have  peals  of  twelve 
bells  ?  OXONJENSIS. 

DOGS  (3rd  S.  iv.  50.)— The  lines  quoted  by  MR. 
JESSE  are  much  in  the  style  of  a  poem  in  praise  of 
the  dog,  published  in  an  old  folio,  A.».  1625,  a 
translation  by  J.  Molle,  Esq.,  and  his  son,  of  the 
Living  Librarie  by  Camerarius.  J.  Mycillus,  a 
Latin  poet,  is  said  to  be  the  author,  and  the  fol- 
lowing is  Molle's  translation.  They  seem  to  de- 
serve wider  circulation,  and  therefore  I  hope  others 
may  read  them  in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q." 


"  Of  any  beast,  none  is  more  faithful  found, 

Nor  yields  more  pastime  in  house,  plaine,  or  woods, 
Nor  keepes  his  master's  person,  or  his  goods, 
With  greater  care,  than  doth  the  dog  or  hound. 
"  Command ;  he  thee  obeyes  most  readily. 

Strike  him ;  he  whines  and  falls  down  at  thy  feet. 
Call  him :  he  leaves  his  game  and  comes  to  thee 
With  wagging  taile,  offring  his  service  meeke. 
"  In  summer's  heat  he  follows  by  thy  pace : 
In  winter's  cold  he  never  leaveth  thee : 
In  mountaines  wild  he  by  thee  close  doth  trace ; 

In  all  thy  feares  and  dangers  true  is  he. 
"  Thy  friends  he  loves ;  and  in  thy  presence  lives 

By  day :  by  night  he  watcheth  faithfully 
That  thou  in  peace  mayst  sleepe ;  he  never  gives 

Good  entertainment  to  thine  enemie. 
"  Course,  hunt,  in  hills,  in  valleyes,  or  in  plaines ; 

He  joyes  to  run  and  stretch"  out  every  lim : 
To  please  but  thee,  he  spareth  for  no  paines : 

His  hurt  (for  thee)  is  greatest  good  to  him. 
"  Sometimes  he  doth  present  thee  with  a  Hare, 

Sometimes  he  hunts  the  Stag,  the  Fox,  the  Boare, 
Another  time  he  baits  the  Bull  and  Beare, 

And  all  to  make  thee  sport,  and  for  no  more. 
"  If  so  thou  wilt,  a  Collar  he  will  weare ; 

And  when  thou  list  to  take  it  off  againe 
Vnto  thy  feet  he  coucheth  doune  most  faire, 
As  if  thy  will  were  all  his  good  and  gaine. 
"  In  fields  abroad  he  lookes  unto  thy  flockes, 

Keeping  them  safe  from  wolves,  and  other  Beasts : 
And  oftentimes  he  beares  away  the  knocks 

Of  some  odd  thiefe,  that  many  a  fold  infests. 
"  And  as  he  is  the  faithful  bodies  guard, 

So  he  is  good  within  a  fort  or  hold, 
Against  a  quicke  surprise  to  watch  and  ward ; 

And  all  his  hire  is  bread  mustie  and  old. 
"  Canst  thou  then  such  a  creature  hate  and  spurne  ? 
Or  barre  him  from  such  poore  and  simple  food? 
Being  so  fit  and  faithfull  for  thy  tnrne, 
And  no  beast  else  can  do  thee  balfe  such  good?  " 

H.  T.  ELLACOMBE. 

BINDING  A  STONE  IN  A  SLING  (3rd  S.  iv.  9.) — 
Although  the  Hebrew  word  cited  is  not  that  used 
for  the  sling  with  which  Goliath  was  slain,  J??p, 
(1  Sam.  xvii.  40,  &c.),  nor  those  of  the  left-handed 
men  of  Benjamin  (Judges  xx.  16),  nor  that  al- 
luded to  by  Jeremiah  (x.  18),  yet  there  seems  to 
be  reasons  why  the  translators  should  have  fol- 
lowed the  version  of  the  LXX.  The  second  pre- 
fix (0)  signifies  (see  Parkhurst,  Grammar,  p.  18) 
"  the  instrument  of  action ;  "  thus,  the  word  for  a 
shield,  po,  is  literally  "  the  instrument  of  protec- 
tion;" so  the  word  in  question  may  be  rendered 
the  "  stone-instrument,"  or  "  implement  of  defence 
by  casting  stones,"  ff<pev86vr),  a  sling.  The  word  is 
also  used  in  the  feminine  form  in  Psalm  Ixviii.  28, 
and  there  is  rendered  "  defence."  See  Parkhurst, 
sub  voce,  D31,  who  gives  as  its  literal  meaning  a 
u  bulwark  of  stones."  The  second  reason  is,  it 
seems  to  make  better  sense  of  the  passages.  To 
hide  a  precious  stone  in  a  heap  of  common  stones 
might  be  good  policy,  if  no  better  means  of  conceal- 
ment can  be  had ;  but  to  bind  a  stone  into  a  sling 
is  as  gross  a  piece  of  folly  as  to  tie  an  arrow  to  the 


3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  1,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


97 


string  of  a  bow,  or  to  screw  a  bullet  tight  into  the 
barrel  of  a  rifle.  To  "  give  honour  to  a  fool  "  is  a 
useless  piece  of  absurdity ;  so  is  tying  a  stone  into 
a  sling,  it  renders  your  weapon  useless  and  ridi- 
culous. A.  A. 
Poets'  Corner. 

To  bind  a  stone  in  a  sling  would  keep  it  fast  there, 
and  prevent  its  flying  out,  and  so  defeat  one's 
own  object.  And  no  doubt,  giving  honour  to  a 
fool,  often  defeats  one's  own  object  also.  This 
has  often  struck  me  as  being  the  probable  mean- 
ing ;  though  being  no  Hebrew  scholar,  I  am  aware 
the  word  we  have  translated  "  bind,"  may  be  the 
usual  term  for  loading  the  sling.  Scott  certainly 
takes  it  so :  his  comment  is  to  the  effect,  that  he 
who  places  a  stone  in  a  sling  prepares  mischief 
for  somebody,  perhaps  himself;  and  so  does  he 
who  gives  unseemly  honour  to  a  fool.  P.  P. 

Comparing  the  Hebrew  word  translated  "  bind- 
eth,"  in  Proverbs  xxvi.  8,  with  the  corresponding 
Arabic,  I  find  in  the  latter  a  peculiar  sense,  which 
suggests  a  not  improbable  interpretation  of  this 
difficult  passage.  Like  the  Hebrew,  the  word 
signifies  "  to  bind,"  but  specially  "  to  tie "  or 
"fasten  "  the  mouth  of  a  bag  or  purse.  Now  if  we 
absurdly  tie  or  fasten  the  stone  in  a  sling  we 
should  lose  our  labour,  whirl,  and  acquire  force  to 
no  purpose,  and  not  shoot  at  all.  J.  R. 

THE  TYLEE  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  iil  269,  314,  355.) 
The  following  information  is  offered  in  reference 
to  an  inquiry  made  by  D.  K.  N.  of  New  York. 

About  the  middle  of  the  seventeenth  century  a 
branch  of  this  family  was  residing  at  Roade,  in 
Somersetshire,  and  before  its  close  the  eldest  son 
of  this  branch  settled  in  Bath,  in  the  same  county; 
the  grandson  of  this  son  removed  to  Devizes,  in 
Wiltshire,  in  the  early  part  of  the  last  century, 
and  his  family  continued  to  reside  there  and  in  the 
neighbourhood  till  1842.  The  head  of  this  family 
now  resides  in  Paris,  and  either  he  or  his  brothers, 
the  Messrs.  Tylee,  Solicitors,  Essex  Street,  Lon- 
don, or  their  cousin,  Robert  S.  Tylee,  merchant, 
of  Montreal,  Canada,  can  furnish  further  inform- 
ation. 

MR.  GREVIIXE  (3rd  S.  iv.  5.) — Allow  me  to  in- 
form your  correspondents  MESSRS.COOPER,  through 
your  pages,  that  they  will  find  not  a  little  re- 
lative to  Mr.  Greville  while  he  resided  at  Wil- 
bury,  in  the  Life  of  her  father  by  Madame  D'Ar- 
blay,  Dr.  Burney  having  been  a  frequent  guest  at 
Wilbury  in  Mr.  Greville's  time.  It  was  Mr.  Gre- 
ville, I  may  mention,  who  planted  the  clumps  of 
trees  still  seen  on  the  tops  of  many  adjacent  hills 
by  permission  of  the  owners,  and  for  the  sake  of 
effect  from  Wilbury,  they  not  being  upon  that 
estate.  At  the  time  he  did  so,  the  hills  in  ques- 
tion were  clothed  to  their  summits  with  smooth 
green  turf.  Now,  by  a  most  mistaken  policy, 
they  are  riven  by  the  plough  up  to  the  very  edge  of 


these  plantations ;  a  certain  and  valuable  pasture 
for  sheep  having  been  destroyed  for  the  chance  of 
a  scanty,  but  most  precarious,  crop  of  corn. 

The  Mr.  Greville  referred  to  was,  I  may  add, 
either  grandfather  or  great  grandfather  (which  I 
know  not)  to  the  present  Duchess  of  Richmond. 

C.  M.  Q. 

CRUSH  A  CUP  (3rd  S.  iii.  493  ;  iv.  18.)  —  People 
may  formerly  have  been  found  foolish  enough  to 
amuse  themselves  by  wantonly  breaking  glasses, 
as  our  sailors,  when  flush  of  cash,  used  to  fry 
watches  in  the  same  pan  with  poached  eggs  ;  but 
it  is  not  reasonable  to  suppose  one  of  the  servants 
of  the  Capulets  would  invite  a  person  he  sup- 
posed to  be  of  his  own  rank  to  break  his  master's 
glasses ;  and  it  must  be  remembered  all  sorts  of 
glass  were  of  great  value  in  those  days.  Is  it  not 
more  likely  to  suppose  the  allusion  was  made  to  the 
leathern  cups  and  jacks,  from  whence  our  ancestors 
used  to  drink?  A  leathern  cup  could  not  be 
crushed  when  full,  any  more  than  a  glove  or  a 
boot  when  on  the  hand  or  foot ;  but  it  would  be 
easy  to  do  so  when  empty ;  and  it  might  not  be 
an  unlikely  hint  from  the  drinker  that  he  did 
honour  to  the  good  cheer,  like  the  old  custom 
called  "  supernaculum."  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

FAIRY  CEMETERIES  (3rd  S.  iii.  263,  352,  414.)— 
The  simulacra  of  wood  in  the  Lilliputian  coffins 
found  in  Salisbury  Crags  suffice  to  prove  that  the 
interments  were  symbolical,  either  in  memoriam 
or  for  the  superstitious  spells  practised  throughout 
Europe  from  the  very  dawn  of  history  up  to  the 
era  of  the  Reformation ;  but  the  diminutive  sar- 
cophagi (?)  of  Kentucky  and  Tennessee  constitute 
quite  another  question,  of  which  I  have  seen 
notices  in  various  publications.  Webber,  in  his 
Romance  of  Natural  History  (Nelson,  1853),  de- 
scribes these  receptacles  to  be  about  three  feet  in 
length  by  eighteen  inches  deep,  and  constructed, 
bottom,  sides,  and  top,  of  flat  unhewn  stones. 
These  he  conjectures  to  be  the  places  of  sepulture 
of  a  pigmy  race,  that  became  extinct  at  a  period 
beyond  reach  even  of  the  tradition  of  the  Indian 
(so-called)  Aborigines. 

Now,  in  the  interior  of  the  European  and  Asia- 
tic continents,  and  of  the  larger  islands,  there  are 
undoubtedly  reliquies  of  a  non-historic  diminutive 
people ;  and  these  are  yet  existent  in  India, 
Borneo,  and  other  countries.  They  may  be  the 
descendants  of  primitive  races,  driven  inland  by  in- 
vasion of  a  superior  and  more  powerful  people ;  and 
in  the  lapse  of  a  few  generations  may  have  lost,  by 
their  utter  isolation  the  scanty  measure  of  civili- 
sation that  they  had  formerly  attained.  Whether 
such  are  identical  in  origin  and  type  of  character 
with  the  fabricators  of  the  flint  implements,  and 
with  the  pigmy  tribes,  who  left  these  singular 
.races  of  their  existence  in  the  wilds  of  Kentucky 


98 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8"»  S.  IV.  AUG.  1,  '63. 


and  Tennessee,  will  probably  never  be  satisfac- 
torily settled ;  but  some  of  your  learned  Ameri- 
can readers  might  aid  either  in  solving  the  my- 
stery or  else  refuting  the  statements  respecting 
the  primitive  Lilliputians  of  their  own  conti- 
nent. 

At  the  risk  of  casting  a  stumbling  block  in  the 
path  of  imaginative  archaeologists,  I  would  sug- 
gest that  these  sarcophagi  (they  are  always  found 
empty)  were  only  crypts,  or  cachets,  in  which  the 
barbarous  hunter  of  a  forgotten  age  stored  his 
relays  of  food  for  protection  from  wild  animals. 

J.  L. 

Dublin. 

FLODDEN  FIELD  (3rd  S.  iv.  7.)  —  In  the  third 
volume  of  the  Archceologia  JEliana  (new  series) 
there  is  a  "  detailed  English  account  of  the  battle," 
from  the  pen  of  Mr.  Robert  White  of  Newcastle- 
upon-Tyne,  the  historian  of  "  Otterburn,"  who 
who  has  also  had  printed  "  A  List  of  the  Scottish 
Noblemen  and  Gentlemen  killed  at  Flodden 
Field,"  with  a  note  of  distinguished  Scots  that 
were  taken  and  that  escaped.  The  fifth  volume 
of  the  Archeeologia  likewise  contains  a  letter  on 
the  battle  from  Bishop  Ruthal  of  Durham,  to 
Wolsey,  edited  by  Mr.  White.  C. 

FAMILY  OF  BRAY  (3rd  S.  iv.  28.)  —  Your  cor- 
respondent W.  P.  will  find  an  account  of  this 
family  in  Sir  Robert  Atkyns's  History  of  Glouces- 
tershire. They  were  settled  at  Great  Harrington 
in  that  county,  on  the  borders  of  Oxfordshire. 
The  house  in  fact  stands  in  both  counties.  Ed- 
mund Bray  possessed  it  in  1711. 

SAMUEL  LYSONS. 

INSCRIPTION  IN  THE  MOSQUE  OF  CORDOVA, 
SPAIN  (3rd  S.  iv.  50.)  —  In  answer  to  the  queries 
of  your]  correspondent  C.  M.,  I  can,  I  think,  solve 
the  first.  The  crucifixion  on  the  pillar  is  said  to 
have  been  scratched  by  a  Christian,  who  was  cap- 
tured by  the  Moors.  When  the  words  are  pro- 
perly arranged,  they  read  thus :  — 
"  Este  Es  el  Sto  Christo, 

Que  Hizo  el  Ca<  Tibocon, 

(Con)  La  Una." 

The  inscription  I  translate  as  follows :  "  This  is 
the  Holy  Christ,  which  the  Captive  Tibocon  made, 
with  a  nail."  Ca*  is  evidently  a  contraction  for 
cautivo,  a  captive.  I  have  inserted  the  preposition 
con  before  "  La  Una,"  as  Ford  supplies  the  word 
in  his  Hand-Book,  referred  to  by  your  correspon- 
dent. "  Con  la  Una "  may  also  mean  that  the 
crucifixion  was  made  with  a  nail  of  the  captive. 
But  the  other  explanation  seems  to  me  to  be  the 
correct  one ;  for  otherwise,  as  Theophile  Gautier 
observes  in  his  Wanderings  in  Spain  (p.  254)  — 

"  Without  being  more  Voltairean  than  is  necessary  in 
the  matter  of  legends,  I  cannot  help  thinking  that  people 
must  formerly  have  had  very  hard  nails,  or  that  porphyry 
was  extremely  soft,"  &c. 


I  may  add  that,  in  speaking  of  Cordova,  the 
"  Great  Captain,"  Gonzalez  de  Cordova,  used  to 
say  — 

"Though  I  have  seen  many  places  where  I  would 
rather  reside  than  at  Cordova,  yet  I  have  never  seen  one 
which  I  should  prefer,  as  a  birth-place,  to  Cordova." 

J.  DALTON. 

Norwich. 

P.S.  According  to  Conde,  Cordova  (or  Cor- 
doba) is  a  corruption  of  the  Phoenician  "  karta 
tuba,"  important  city. 

JAMES  SHERGOLD  BOONE  (3rd  S.  Hi.  510.)  —  I 
see  in  your  paper,  dated  June  27,  an  inquiry  as  to 
the  author  or  chief  contributors  of  the  Council  of 
Ten.  The  author,  and  almost  the  sole  contri- 
butor, was  a  man  of  rare  and  brilliant  talent, 
the  late  James  (I  think)  Shergold  Boone  the 
most  eloquent  preacher  I  ever  heard.  He  lefc 
Christ  Church,  Oxford,  with  an  extraordinary  re- 
putation, and  his  verses  which  won  the  Latin  and 
the  English  prize  were  far  above  the  average  of 
such  compositions.  He  also  wrote  an  extremely 
clever  jeu  ff  esprit  while  an  undergraduate,  de- 
scribing the  fire  at  Christ  Church,  one  verse  of 
which  I  recollect :  — 

"  And  trembling  scouts  forgot  to  cap  the  Dean." 

Canning,  meaning  to  patronise  him,  desired  that 
he  would  call  at  his  house,  which  Boone,  with  the 
pride  of  a  man  of  genius  (which  it  is  to  be  wished 
was  more  common),  refused  to  do.  He  was  an 
usher  at  the  Charter  House  for  many  years,  re- 
peatedly slighted  and  passed  over,  and  among 
the  many  examples  that  genius  is  sometimes  a 
fatal  gift,  so  far  as  the  prosperity  of  this  world  is 
concerned,  to  its  possessor.  Dunce  after  dunce  beat 
the  brilliant  scholar  and  accomplished  orator,  who, 
when  an  undergraduate  excited  (notwithstanding 
his  lowly  birth)  universal  admiration  in  the  most 
patrician  of  all  societies,  and  who,  as  a  preacher, 
certainly  had  no  rival  in  this  island.  I  am  no 
relation  or  friend,  but  a  slight  acquaintance. 

TOVTO  ini  Kol  *yepas  olov  oifypoiffi  jSporoHTi, 
Keipaffdai  re  KI^MJJ'. 

CAIUS. 

ORIGIN  OF  THE  WORD  BIGOT  (3rd  S.  iv.  39.)  — 
There  is  another  story  relating  to  the  origin  of 
this  word  extant,  the  substance  of  which  is  as  fol- 
lows:—  After  Rollo,  Duke  of  Normandy,  had 
received  the  daughter  of  Charles  the  Foolish  in 
marriage,  with  the  investiture  of  his  dukedom,  he 
haughtily  refused  to  kiss  Charles's  foot.  His  friends 
entreated  him  not  to  be  obstinate,  but  at  once 
to  comply  with  the  command ;  but  having  no  de- 
sire to  avail  himself  of  the  proffered  mark  ^  of 
esteem,  he  replied  "  Ne  se  bi  Got."  Upon  which 
the  courtiers  called  him  ever  after  "  Bigot." 

JOHN  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 


S.  IV.  AUG.;I,  !G 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


99 


HERALDIC  QUERY  (3rd  S.  iv.  69.)  —  Your  cor- 
respondent E.  will  find  the  arms  on  the  seal  to  be 
those  of  the  Apothecaries'  Company.  There  is  a 
full  description  in  Burke's  Armory  of  them,  so 
that  they  need  not  be  described  here  ;  but  in  re- 
ference to  the  motto,  that,  and  also  that  of  the 
College  of  Surgeons,  will  be  found  in  the  following 
lines :  — 
"  Inventum  medicina  meum  est ;  Opiferque  per  orbem 

Dicor :  et  herbarum  subjecta  potentia  nobis. 

Hei  mihi,  quod  nullis  amor  est  medicabilis  herbis  I 

Nee  prosunt  domino,  quceprosunt  omnibus,  arteg  /" 
Ovid.  Met.  lib.  i.  521-4. 

I  think  that  it  is  very  possible  that  the  Master 
of  the  Society  of  Apothecaries  might  like  to  see  the 
seal,  and  I  would  advise  your  correspondent  to 
show  the  same  to  the  company  at  their  Hall  in 
Blackfriars.  0. 

ELIJAH  RIDINGS  (3rd  S.  iv.  70.) — Your  corre- 
spondent will  find  the  information  required  in  a 
"  Biographical  Sketch  "  appended  to  an  edition  of 
The  Village  Muse,  published  by  T.  Stubbs  of 
Macclesfield  (1854).  H.  FISHWICK. 

TROTTER  OF  PRENTANNAN,  BERWICKSHIRE  (3rd 
S.  iii.  448,  478,  499.)  — This  family  about  which 
J.  T.  inquires  was  the  chief  of  the  name,  and  pos- 
sessed the  lands  in  the  parish  of  Eccles,  now  known 
as  East  and  West  Printonan,  as  stated  by  G.  and 
others.  They  were  a  family  of  consequence  when 
Nisbet  wrote,  but  have  since  decayed,  nnd  are 
now  represented  by  the  Trotters  of  Glenkens,  in 
Kirkcudbrightshire,  whose  line  of  descent  is  fully 
traced  in  Anderson's  Scottish  Nation,  vol.  iii.  p. 
581. 

The  Trotters  of  Mortonhall,  Midlothian,  and 
Charterhall,  Berwickshire,  referred  to  by  L.  M. 
M.  R.  are  a  junior  branch  of  the  same  family,  but 
of  four  centuries  standing,  and  were  formerly 
known  as  the  Trotters  of  Cutchelran. 

FESTINA  LENTE. 

EXTRAORDINARY  DEGREE  OF  COLD  IN  THE 
MONTH  OF  JUNE  (3rd  S.  iii.  489,  519.)— If  the 
reply  of  HYDE  PARK  SQUARE  is  not  considered 
snfficient,  I  beg  to  add  the  evidence  of  a  contem- 
porary periodical :  — 

"  The  intense  cold  which  set  in  on  Thursday  night,  the 
18th,  there  is  great  reason  to  apprehend,  -will  materially 
check  the  progress  of  vegetation ;  and  from  the  informa- 
tion already  come  to  hand,  very  much  mischief  has 
been  done  among  the  flocks  just  shorn  of  their  wool,  and 
deprived  of  that  warm  clothing,  which,  from  the  unsea- 
sonable severity  of 'the  weather,  was  then  so  peculiarly 
necessary.  At  Broadchalk,  iWilts,  nearly  2000  sheep 
perished,  about  half  of  which  were  the  property  of  one  far- 
mer; and  120  at  Downton ;  120  were  killed  at  Steeple- 
Langford,  the  greater  part  of  which  suffered  from  the  hail- 
storm. Mr.  Russell,  near  Shaftesbury,  lost  no  less  than 
300 ;  60  were  lost  in  Combe,  and  its  neighbourhood ;  100 
at  Place  Farm,  Swallow  Clift ;  and  a  great  many  at  Cod- 
ford,  and  on  almost  all  the  farms  around  Salisbury  Plain. 
In  short,  it  is  computed  that  one- fourth  of  the  flocks  in 
Wiltshire  are  destroyed  by  this  sudden  and  unexpected 
calamity." 


This  extract  is  taken  from  the  European  Maga- 
zine for  June,  1795,  vol.  xxvii.  pp.  429,  430.  All 
the  places  are,  I  believe,  in  the  south-east  of  Wilts, 
and  Andover  is  not  very  distant.  C.  M.'s  old  infor- 
mant must  have  then  been  about  fifteen  years  old, 
and  therefore  "  in  his  young  days." 

The  Edmonton  Register  of  June  18  would  ap- 
pear, from  its  similarity  of  expression,  to  have 
been  copied  from  the  European  Magazine,  though 
it  differs  from  the  latter  in  the  numbers  of  the 
sheep.  Broad  Chalk  200,  instead  of  2000 ;  Doun- 
ton  60,  instead  of  120  ;  and  Steeple-Langford  150, 
instead  of  120.  CHESSBOROUGH. 

LONGEVITY  OF  INCUMBENTS  (3rd  S.  iv.  70.)  — 
The  mistake  about  the  age  of  the  Rev.  Thomas 
Sampson,  of  Keame,  has  been  long  ago  explained 
(see  the  Hist,  of  Parish  Registers,  1 862,  p.  65).  Had 
there  been  any  truth  in  the  statement,  it  would 
have  been  more  singular  than  AN  OCCASIONAL  COR- 
RESPONDENT makes  it,  for,  according  to  the  same 
myth,  he  had  the  same  churchwardens  seventy 
years  I  The  signatures  of  the  minister  and  his 
churchwardens  were  subscribed  on  each  page  of 
the  Register,  to  verify  the  correctness  of  the  copy 
made  in  pursuance  of  the  injunction  of  1597, 
which  directed  a  transcript  to  be  made  of  all  the 
old  Registers.  JOHN  S.  BURN. 

The  Grove,  Henley. 

PARTITION  WALL  OF  THE  CHURCH  OF  THE 
HOLY  SPIRIT,  HEIDELBERG  (3rd  S.  iv.  56.) — There 
are  some  curious  circumstances  about  the  parti- 
tion wall  of  the  Heiligengeist-kirche  of  Heidelberg. 
I  have  heard  that  a  partition  was  built  in  the 
church  very  soon  after  the  Reformation,  and  re- 
mained there  until  Karl  Philipp  became  Pfalzgraf 
in  1720,  when  one  of  his  first  acts  was  to  have  it 
removed,  as  he  was  a  Roman  Catholic,  and  it  was 
not  at  all  in  accordance  with  his  notions  to  share 
the  principal  church  of  his  capital  with  heretics. 
The  people  of  the  town,  finding  their  remon- 
strances to  him  fruitless,  applied  to  Frederic  Wil- 
helm  I.  of  Prussia,  who,  as  king  of  the  most 
powerful  Protestant  state  in  Germany,  forced  him 
to  replace  the  partition.  The  Pfalzgraf  was  so 
enraged  at  this,  that  he  left  Heidelberg,  and  made 
Mannheim  his  capital,  where  he  built  that  ugly 
but  enormous  palace  on  the  banks  of  the  Rhine. 

I  should  much  like  to  know,  first,  when  the  first 
partition  wall  was  built  ?  secondly,  if  the  one  that 
Karl  Philipp  removed  was  the  first  one,  because 
the  town  suffered  so  much  from  the  French  during 
the  latter  half  of  the  seventeenth  century  ? 

JOHN  DAVIDSON. 

SANDTOFT  REGISTER  (3rd  S.  iv.  71.) — Allow  me 
to  add  to  the  Editor's  reply,  that  when  I  was  prepar- 
ing my  History  of  the  Foreign  Churches  in  England, 
I  communicated  with  the  late  Mr.  Hunter,  with 
George  Pryme,  Esq  ,  M.P.,  the  Rev.  W.  B.  Stone- 
house,  and  others,  on  the  subject  of  the  register 


100 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  AUG.  1,  '63. 


of  Sandtoft,  but  could  gain  no  tidings  of  it.  What 
particulars  Mr.  Hunter  could  furnish  are  to  be 
found  at  p.  106  of  my  History.  Had  the  register 
been  found,  it  would  have  been  taken  charge  of 
under  the  Royal  Commissions  of  1836,  or  of  1857, 
of  which  I  had  the  honour  of  being  a  Commis- 
sioner, and  great  pains  were  taken  to  gather  in 
all  non-parochial  records.  JOHN  S.  BURN. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

A.  History  of  the  Chantries  within  the  County  Palatine  of 
Lancaster ;  being  the  Reports  of  the  Royal  Commissioners 
of  Henry  VIII.,  Edward  VI.,  and  Queen  Mary.  Edited 
by  the  Rev.  F.  R.  Raines,  M.A.,  F.S.A.,  &c.  In  Two 
Volumes.  (Printed  for  the  Chetham  Society.) 

This  new  publication  of  the  Chetham  Society  is  a  con- 
tribution, not  only  towards  the  history  of  the  County 
Palatine  of  Lancaster,  but  also  towards  that  of  the  Re- 
formation. They  have  been  printed  from  Office  Copies  of 
the  original  Reports  of  the  Commissioners,  preserved  in 
the  Office  of  the  Duchy  of  Lancaster ;  and  the  editorship 
of  them  has  been  entrusted  to  the  Rev.  F.  R.  Raines,  a 
gentleman  who  has  executed  his  task  with  great  zeal, 
industry,  and  intelligence.  In  his  Introduction,  the  edi- 
tor gives  us  much  curious  information  as  to  the  origin 
and  nature  of  these  chantries,  some  of  which  are  as  early 
as  the  thirteenth  century — although  the  greater  part  of 
them  may  be  assigned  to  the  later  Plantagenets  and 
early  Tudor  Period  —  and  their  subsequent  history ;  and 
in  his  Notes  upon  the  Reports  themselves,  the  Editor 
furnishes  a  vast  amount  of  genealogical  information  of 
great  interest  to  Lancashire  people  especially,  and  which 
is  made  available  to  all  by  capital  Indices. 

Heraldic  Visitation  of  the  Northern  Counties  in  1530.  By 
Thomas  Tonge,  Norroy  King-of-Arms.  With  an  Ap- 
pendix of  other  Heraldic  Documents  relating  to  the  North 
of  England.  Edited  by  W.  Hylton  Dyer  Longstaffe, 
F.S.A.  (Printed  for  the  Surtees  Society.) 

The  local  Publishing  Societies  are  up  and  doing.  Here 
we  have  a  valuable  contribution  to  Genealogical  History 
from  the  Surtees  Society — for  of  the  value  of  this  volume 
there  can  be  no  doubt,  since,  in  the  words  of  the  editor,  it 
"  is  the  first  of  a  Series,  and  the  very  keystone  of  Durham 
and  Yorkshire  genealogies ;"  and  at  the  time  of  the  next 
extant  Visitation,  the  religious  houses,  which  form  so  un- 
usual a  feature  in  this  one,  were  no  longer  in  being.  Mr. 
Longstaffe  has  added  to  the  value  of  Tonge's  Visitation, 
by  publishing  with  it  an  Appendix  of  cognate  documents. 

BOOKS  RECEIVED. — 
The  Complete  Angler  of  Isaac  Walton  and  Charles  Cotton. 

(Bell  &  Daldy.) 
Sea  Songs  and  Ballads,  by  Charles  Dibdin  and  others.  (Bell 

&  Daldy.) 

These  two  additions  to  the  beautiful  series  of  Pocket 
Volumes  issued  by  our  worthy  publishers  are  addressed  to 
very  different  classes  of  readers.  The  former  has  special 
charms  for  those  who  love  to  fish 

"  In  quiet  rivers,  by  whose  falls 

Melodious  birds  sing  madrigals ;" 
while  the  other  will  delight  those  who  go  down  to  the  sea 
in  ships,  and  who  love  to  dwell  on  the  memory  of  the 
mighty  deeds  of  Nelson  and  his  brave  associates. 


The  Historical  Works  of  Giraldus  Cambrensis,  containing 
the  Topography  of  Ireland,  and  the  History  of  the  Conquest 
of  Ireland,  translated  by  Thomas  Forester,  Esq.,  M.A. 
The  Itinerary  through  Wales,  and  the  Description  of 
Wales,  translated  by  Sir  R.  Colt  Hoare,  Bart.  Revised 
and  Edited  with  Additional  Notes,  by  Thomas  Wright, 
Esq.,  M.A.  (H.  G.  Bohn.) 

We  are  glad  to  see  that  Mr.  Bohn  is  resuming  the  pub- 
lication of  his  useful  Antiquarian  Library  ;  and  we  do  not 
think  he  could  make  a  fresh  start  with  a  more  curious 
volume  than  this  collection  of  the  works  of  Giraldus  Cam- 
brensis. 

THE  QUARTERLY  REVIEW.  —  The  new  number  of  the 
Quarterly  opens  with  an  article  to  which  the  present 
condition  of  the  Polish  question  gives  peculiar  interest  ; 
namely,  one  on  "  The  Resources  and  Future  of  Austria." 
This  is  followed  by  an  interesting  paper  on  "  The  Natural 
History  of  the  Bible,"  in  which  the  prevalent  ignorance 
of  the  natural  history  of  Palestine  is  clearly  shown.  The 
next  paper,  "  Glacial  Theories,"  is  well-timed  for  Alpine 
travellers  ;  and  is  followed  by  the  political  paper  of  the 
number,  "  Our  Colonial  System."  A  pleasant  biographi- 
cal paper  on  "  Washington  Irving  "  is  followed  by  a 
clever  exposure  of  "  Modern  Spiritualism."  "  Sacred 
Trees  and  Flowers,"  an  article  rich  in  curious  learning,  is 
followed  by  a  paper  on  "  Rome  as  it  is  ;"  and  a  very 
varied  and  amusing  Quarterly  is  brought  to  a  close  by  a 
paper  on  "  The  Nile  and  the  Discoveries  of  Speke  and 
Grant." 

BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 
BRITTON'S  HISTORY  op  NORWICH  CATHEDRAL. 
MISSALE  SECUNUUM  UsuM  SA  RUM,  1515.    Whole  or  part. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  J.  C.  Jackson,  5,  Chatham  Place  East, 
Hackney,  N.E. 


CLARENDON'S,   HENRY    HYDE,    EARL    OF,  CORRESPONDENCE,  edited    by 

Singer.    Vol.  i.   4to,  1828. 
TOCKER'S  LIGHT  OF  NATDRK  PURSDED,  by  Mildmay.    Vol.  i.  8vo.  cloth, 

1834. 

KNIGHT'S  LONDON.    Vols.  I.  and  VI.    Imp.  8vo,  cloth,  1842—3. 
LIVY'S  HISTORY,  edited  by  Twiss.    Vols.  I.  and  II.    8vo,  cloth. 
WESLEY'S  CHRISTIAN  LIBRARY.    Vol.  xxxvii.    Calf,  1754. 
SMITH'S  SACRED  ANNALS  :  HEBREW  PEOPLE.    Part  II. 
COUCH'S  CORNISH  FAONA.    Part  I. 
HITCHINS  AND  DREW'S  CORNWALL.   Vol.  II.   4to,  large  paper.     In  parts 

or  boards. 

KENWOOD'S  METALLIFEROUS  DEPOSITS  OF  CORNWALL  AND  DEVON.    1843. 
HAWKER'S  RECORDS  OF  THE  WESTERN  ^HOBE. 
--  ECHOES  OF  OLD  CORNWALL. 
PHYCE'S  ARCH.KOLOOIA  CORNU-BRITA.NNICA.    4to,  1790. 

-  MlNERALOOIA  Cl'RNUBIENSTS.      Folio,  1778. 

COLLECTANEA  CURIOSA.    Vol.  I.    1781. 

WELLINGTON'S  LTFH  AND  TIMES,  by  Williams.    Part  XXXII. 

Portrait  or  Autograph  of  Dr.  Wm.  Borlase. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  J.  Kinsman,  2,  Chapel  Street,  Penzauce. 


ta 

G.  R.  M.  Andrew  Pikeman  anil  Nicholas  de  Twiford  were  Sheriffs  of 
London  and  Middlesex  1  Richard  If.,  >.D.  1377— S. 

JEAN  Y (York.)  For  theoriginqfthe  terms  HighandLow  Church- 

men,see  "N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  viii.  117;  x.  260, 27S. 

L.  K.  for  one  method  of  restoring  soiled  books,  see  our  2nd  S.  ix. 
186. 

ERRATUM.  —  3rd  S.  iv.  p.  46,  col.  i.  line  2,  for  "  stars  "  read  "  stones." 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  1  Is.  id.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  MESSRS.  BELL  AND  DALDY,  186,  FLEET  STKKET,  E.G.,  to  whom 
all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  TH«  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 

Full  benefit  of  reduced  duty  obtained  by  purchasing  Horniman's  Pure 
Tea;  very  choice  at  3*.  id.  and  is.  "High  Standard'"  at  is.  id.  (for- 
merly is.  8d.),  is  the  strongest  and  most  delicious  imported.  Agents  in 
every  town  supply  it  in  Packets. 


3**  S.  IV.  AUG.  1,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

TTTESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

TT      AMD  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIEF  OFFICER :  1,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.  E.  Bicknell,  Esq. 

T.  Somers  Cocks,  Esq.,  M.A.,  J.P. 

Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 


Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Ooodhart.  Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 

Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary — Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 

James  Hunt,  Esq. 

John  Leigh,  Esq. 

Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 

F.  B.  Marson.  Esq. 

E.  Vansittart  Neale,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Jas.  L>  s  Seager,  Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White,  Esq. 


Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Oifiee  do  NOT  become  VOID 
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terest. according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society  s  Prospectus. 

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Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
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with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Com  panics. 

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within  tne  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

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Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOR  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal.  __ 

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MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 

OSTEO      EXDOXT. 

Patent,  March  1,  1862,  No.  560. 

riABRIEL'S     SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-landed  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 

27,  Harley  Street.  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 
134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 

Consultations  gratis.  For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinion*  of  the  press,  testimonials,  inc.,  see  "  Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth."  Post  Frte  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  beet  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

JC.  and  J.  FIELD,  Original  Manufacturers  (in 
•  England)  of  PARAFFINE  CANDLES,  to  whom  the  prize 
medal  (1862)  has  been  awarded,  and  their  Candles  adopted  by  her 
Majesty's  Government  for  use  at  the  Military  Stations  abroad.  These 
Candles  can  be  obtained  of  all  Chandlers  and  Grocers  in  the  United 
Kingdom.  Price  Is.  8d.  perlb.  Also  Field's  celebrated  United  Service 
Soap  Tablets.  6rf.  and  \d.  each.  The  Public  are  cautioned  to  see  that 
Field's  label  is  on  the  packets  or  boxes.  Wholesale  only,  and  for 
Exportation,  Upper  Marsh,  Lambeth,  London,  S. 


Now  ready,  18mo,  coloured  wrapper,  Post  Free,  6rf. 

N    GOUT    AND    RHEUMATISM.     A   new 

,     work,  by  DR.  LAV1LLE  of  the  Faculty  of  Medicine,  Paris,  ex- 
biting  a  perfectly  new,  certain,  and  safe  method  of  cure.    Translated 
by  an  English  Practitioner.    ' 
London :   FRAS.  NEWBERY  &  SONS,  45,  St.  Paul's  Church  Yard. 


OLLOWAY'S    PILLS    AND   OINTMENT.— 

WEAKNESS—WASTING.— When  the  weather  is  warm  the 
delicate  in  constitution  lose  their  appetite,  their  sleep  is  disturbed,  and 
their  spirits  depressed  ;  when  the  weather  is  hot,  the  robust  and  vigor- 
ous constantly  require  some  cooling  medicine  to  preserve  their  health. 
The  stomach  in  both  is  the  erring  organ,  which  Holloway's  Pills  at 
once  correct  and  invigorate.  In  weakly  women  and  young  children  it 
is  bttter  treatment  to  trust  to  his  Ointment,  which  should  be  diligently 
rubbed  over  the  stomach  and  right  side  till  considerable  absorption 
ensues.  It  penetrates  and  speedily  produces  a  specific  change  for  the 
better  in  the  digestive  functions  ;  by  maintaining  this  improved  action 
for  a  time  digestion  becomes  perfect,  and  health  and  strength  return. 


THE    LIVERPOOL     AND    LONDON 
FIRE  AND  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 
Established  in  1836 — Empowered  by  Special  Acts  of  Parliament. 
OFFICES  :-.\,  Dale  Street, Liverpool ;  20  and  21,  Poultry  London,  E.G. 
The  ANNUAL  REPORT  for  the  past  year  shows  the  following 
results— which  evidence  the  progress  and  position  of  the  Company. 

ACCUMULATED  FUNDS  ttl.ll7.MOM  8s.  4d. 

Annual  Premiums  in  the  Fire  Department        -       -    £436,085 

Annual  Premiums  in  the  Life  Department        -       -     £138,703 

The  liability  of  the  Proprietors  is  unlimited. 

SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 

JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 

HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drank  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux  24s.  and  30s.  per  doz. 

Good  Hock 80s.    „     36*.        „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  4?s.    „     48*.       „ 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24«.    „     :-Og. 

Port  24s.,30s.    „     36s.        „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  perdoz. 

Vintage  1834 ,    108s.        „ 

Vintage  1840 ,     84*.        „ 

Vintage  J847 „     72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first- rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry,  36s..  42s., 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42«.,  48s. ,60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer.  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60s.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120s.;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s. ,60s.,  6'\s., 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  60s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Cnnstantia,  Lactiryma;  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz.; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1806  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  even'  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 

T'HE  NATURAL  WINES  of  FRANCE.  — J. 
CAMPBELL,  Wine  Merchant.  158,  Regent  Street,  recommends 
attention  to  the  following  CLARETS,  selected  by  himself  on  the 
Garonne:  —  Vin  de  Bordeaux  (which  greatly  improves  by  keeping  in 
bottle  two  or  three  years),  20s.;  St.  Julien,  22s.;  La  Rose,  2tis.;  St. 
Estephe,  36s.;  St.  Emilion,  42s.;  Haut  Brion,  48s.;  Lafitte,  La  tour, 
and  Chateau  Margaux,  60s.  to  84s.  per  dozen.  J.  C.'s  experience  and 
known  reputation  for  French  wines  will  be  some  guarantee  for  the 
soundness  of  the  wine  quoted  at  20s.  per  dozen— Note.  Burgundies  from 
36s.  to  54s.;  Chablis,  26s.  and  30s.  per  dozen.  E.  Clicquot's  finest  Cham- 
pagne, 66s.  per  dozen.  Remittances  or  town  references  should  be  ad- 
dressed JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 


PARTRIDGE     &.    COZENS 

Is    the    CHEAPEST    HOUSE  in   the    Trade   for 

PAPER  and  ENVELOPES,  ftc.  Useful  Cream-laid  Note,2s.  3d. per 
ream.  Superfine  ditto,  8s.  3d.  Sermon  Paper,  3s.  6d.  Straw  Paper,  2s. 
Foolscap,  6s.  6d.  per  Ream.  Black  bordered  Note,  5  Quires  for  1*. 
Super  Cream  Envelopes,  6d.  per  100.  black  Bordered  ditto,  Is.  per 
100.  Tinted  lined  India  Note  (5  Colours),  5  Quires  for  Is.  6d.  Copy 
Books  (Copies  set),  is.  lirf.  per  dozen.  P.  &  C.'s  Law  Pen  (as  flexible 
as  the  Quill),  2s.  per  gross.  Name  plate  engraved,  and  100  bett  Card* 
printed  for  3s.  6d. 

JVb  Charge  for  Stamping  Arms,  Crests,  $c.  from  own  Die*. 

Catalogues  PosfFrte;  Orders  over  20s.  Carriage  paid. 
Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS, 

Manufacturing  Stationers,  1, Chancery  Lane, and  192,Fleet8t.E.C. 


•niESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM, PAICHOULY.  EVER-SWEET,  *EW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1,000  others.  2s.  6rf.  each  —  2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 

Dinneford's  Pure  Fluid  Magnesia 

Has  been,  during  twenty-five  years,  emphatically  sanctioned  by  the 


n  wc  ts  Aperen  quaes  are  muc  ncrease.  urng  o 
Seasons,  and  lu  Hot  Climates,  the  regular  use  of  this  simple  and  elegant 
remedy  has  been  found  highly  beneficial.  It  is  prepared  (in  a  state 
of  perfect  purity  and  of  uniform  strength)  by  DINNEFOKD  A  CO., 


of  perfec    purty  an     o    unorm  sreng          y  ., 

172,  New  Bond  Street,  London:  and  sold  by  all  respectable  Chemiits 
throughout  the  World. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"»  S.  IV.  AUG.  1,  '63, 


Selected  from  Messrs.  Bell  &  Daldy's  School  Catalogue. 


NEW  FRENCH  SCHOOL  BOOKS 

ON    A   GREATLY    IMPROVED    PLAN.     Fc»p.   8vo. 
In  use  at  Eton,  Harrow,  Ruyby,  Wellington  College,  Trinity  College, 

Dublin,  #c. 

By  Mons.  F.  E.  A.  GASC,  SI.A.  of  Paris,  and  French  Master  of 
Brighton  College. 

Case's  First  French  Book.     Price  Is.  6rf. 

This  work  is  partly  based  upon  the  system  introduced  by  Ollen- 
dorff,  and  adautcd  by  Dr.  Aim  in  a  similar  one,  and  it  has  the  further 
advantage  that  the  arrangement  is  methodical,  and  proper  attention  is 
paid  to  the  direct  teaching  of  the  grammar. 

Gasc's  French   Fables  for  Beginners,  in  Prose,  with 

an  Index  of  all  the  Words  at  the  end  of  the  book.   Price  Zt. 

Gasc's  Second  French  Book :  being  a  Grammar  and 
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Sequel  to  the  First  French  Book.  Price  2s.  Bd. 

A  Key  to  the  First  and  Second  French  Books. 
3s.  erf. 

Gasc's  Histoires  Amusantes  etlnstructives;  or,  Selec- 
tions of  Complete  Stories  from  the  best  Modern  French  Authors 
who  have  written  for  the  Young.  With  English  Notes.  Price  2s.  6rf. 

Case's  Practical  Guide  to  Modern  French  Conversa- 
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talk,  and  everybody's  necessary  questions  und  answers  in  travel- 
talk.  Priced.  6d. 

French  Poetry  for  the  Young.     With  English  Notes, 

and  preceded  by  a  few  plain  Rules  of  French  Prosody.    2s. 
Case's  Materials  for  French  Prose  Composition ;  or, 

Selections  from  the  best  English  Prose  Writers,  with  copious  Foot 
Notes  and  Hints  for  Idiomatic  Renderings.    Price  4s.  M — Key,  68. 

Le  Petit  Compagnon  :  a  French  Talk-Book  for  Little 

Children.    With  42  Illustrations.    16mo.    2s.  Gd. 


FOREIGN  CLASSICS. 

WITH  ENGLISH  NOTES  FOR  SCHOOLS.    Fcap.  8vo. 

Select  Fables  of  La  Fontaine.     Edited  by  F.  E.  A. 

GASC, M.A.    Third  Edition,  revised.    :is. 

Adventures  de  Telemaque.    Par  Fenelon.    Edited  by 
C.  DBLIU.B.    Second  Edition,  revised.  4s.  6d. 

Histoire  de  Charles  XII.     Par  Voltaire.     Edited  by 

L.  DIREY.    Second  Edition,  revised.   3s.  Cxi. 

Picciola.     By  X.  B.  Saintine.     Edited  by  Dr.  Dubuc. 

39.6(2. 

Schiller's  Wallenstein,   complete  Text.      Edited  by 

DR.  A.  BCCIIUEIM.    68.  6d. 

*«*  The  attention  of  teachers  is  requested  to  this  series  of  French 
Authors,  which  has  been  projected  with  the  intention  of  supplying 
cheap  and  accurate  editions  of  popular  books,  carefully  prepared  upon  a 
echolar-like  plan,  with  special  reference  to  the  wants  of  Students.  The 
principles  of  annotation  which  have  been  applied  successfully  to  Greek 
and  Latin  Authors  have  been  adopted,  difficult  constructions  pointed 
out  and  explained,  questions  or' grammar  elucidated,  difficult  or  idioma- 
tic phrases  rendered,  where  it  can  be  done  without  spoiling  the  sense, 
by  good  idiomatic  English,  and  throughout  a  comparison  between  the 
two  languages  is  Kept  before  the  student,  so  that  he  may  be  led  to  re- 
mark the  points  in  which  the  languages  differ,  and  thus  to  gain  a  per- 
ception of  their  nircticH.  Phrases  that  are  ob  oletc  are  also  noted.  It  is 
believed  that  these  Editions  will  be  found  better  adapted  for  the  pur- 
pose of  instruction  than  any  that  have  yet  been  published. 


Le  Nouveau  Tresor;  or,  French  Student's  Com- 
panion. Designed  to  facilitate  the  Translation  of  English  into 
French  at  Sight.  By  M.  E.  S.  Thirteenth  Edition.  12mo,  roan, 


A  Latin  Grammar.   By  T.  Hewitt  Key,  M.A.,  F.R.S., 

Professor  of  Comparative  Grammar,  and  Head  Master  of  the  Junior 
School  in  University  College.  Second  Edition,  revised.  Post 
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Professor  Key's  Short  Latin  Grammar  for  SCHOOLS. 

Third  Edition.   Post  8vo.    3s.  6d. 

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scholarship."— JOHN  CONINOTON,  M.A.(now  Professor  of  La  tin,  Oxford), 
in  Appendix  to  Vaughan's ''  Oxford  Reform." 

Latin  Prose   Lessons.     By  Rev.  A.  Church,  M.A., 

one  of  the  Masters  of  Merchant  Taylors'  School.  Fcap.  8vo.   2s.  6d. 

A  First  Cheque-Book  for  Latin  Verse  Makers.     By 

the  Rev.  F.  E.  GRETTON,  B.D.,  Head  Master  of  Stamford  Grammar 
School,  Author  of  "  Reddenda."  Is.  6d— A  KEY,  for  Masters  only, 
2s.  6d. 

Richmond  Rules  to  form  the  Ovidian  Distich.     By 

J.  TATE,  M.A.    New  Edition.    8vo.    Is.  6d. 

Maclean e's  Selections  from  Ovid  :  Amores,  Tristia, 

Heroides,  Metamorphoses.  With  English  Notes.  Fcap.  8vo.  3s.  6d. 

Sabrinae  Corolla  in  hortulis  Regiae  Scholse  Salopien- 

sis  contexuerunt  tres  viri  floribus  legendis.   Editio  altera.  8vo.   12s. 

Materials  for  Latin  Prose  Composition.    By  the  Rev. 

P.  FROST,  M.A.,  late  Fellow  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 
Second  Edition.  12mo.  2s.  6d KEY  to  ditto,  4s. 

Materials   for  Greek  Prose  Composition.      By   the 

Rev.  P.  FROST,  M.A.    Fcap.  8vo.    3s.  6d — KEY  to  ditto,  5s. 

Analecta  Graeca  Minora.  With  Introductory  Sen- 
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Notabilia  Quaedam  ;  or,  the  Principal  Tenses  of  such 

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A  Catalogue  of  Greek  Verbs,  Irregular  and  Defective. 

By  J.  S.  BAIIIO,  T.C.D.    8vo.    3s.  6d. 

The  Elements  of  the  English  Language.     By  Ernest 

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The  Student's  Text-Book  of  English  and  General 

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Double  Entry  Elucidated.   By  B.  W.  Foster.  Seventh 

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A   Compendium   of   Facts   and    Formulae   in   Pure 

Mathematics  and  Natural  Philosophy.  By  G.  R.  SMAH.EV, 
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Philosophy  in  King's  College,  London  ;  late  Head  Mathematical 
Master  in  King's  College  School.  Fcap.  8vo.  3s.  fid. 

Brasse's  Euclid — Enunciations  and  Figures  belong- 
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FOB 


LITERARY  MEN,  GENERAL   READERS,   ETC, 

"  When  found,  make  a  note  of." — CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


No.  84. 


SATURDAY,  AUGUST  8,  1863. 


f  Price  Fourpence. 

I  Stamped  Edition,  5rf. 


THE  ART- JOURNAL  for  AUGUST  (price  2s.  6d. ) 
contains  an  account  of  the  Industrial  Exhibition  at  Constanti- 
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"  History  of  Caricature  and  of  Grotesque  in  Art,"  by  Thomas  Wright, 
illustrated:  "Exhibition  of  Wood  Carving;"  "Sardis,"  by  J.  C.  M. 
Bellew  ;  "  International  Exhibition  Building,"  &c.  &c.  The  Steel  En- 
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ersgill.  B.A. ;  "  Whalers,"  by  R.  Brandard.  after  J.  M.  W.  Turner  ; 
"  Sardis,"  by  E.  Brandard,  after  Thomas  Allom.  The  seventeenth  por- 
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London:  JAMES  S.  VIRTUE,  26,  Ivy  Lane. 

GUIDE  TO  THE  ROMAN  WALL. 
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price  5s. 

/THE  WALLET-BOOK  of  the  ROMAN  WALL, 
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BRUCE,  LL.D.,  F.S.A. 

London  :  LONGMAN  and  CO. 
Newcastle-upon-Tyne  :  D.  H.  WILSON. 

THE  LAW  MAGAZINE  and  LAW  REVIEW 
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CRADOCK'S  GENUINE  EDITION  OF  JOSEPH  GUY'S 
ARITHMETIC. 

p  UY'S     SCHOOL     ARITHMETIC  ;    with  the 

*  DT    First  Question  of  every  Series  in  each  Rule  worked  at  length.    A 
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London:  CRADOCK  &  CO.;  WHITTAKER  &  CO.;  and  SIMPKIN, 
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LD  BOOKS.— JOHN  WILSON'S  Miscellaneous 

,,     CATALOGUE,  No.  6,  Gratis.    Manners  and  Customs,  Poetry, 
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procured,  if  practicable.    Books  bought  and  exchanged. 
JOHN  WILSON,  Old  and  New  Bookseller  and  Publisher,  93,  Great 
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CROMBIE'S  LATIN  PROSE. -Eighth  Edition. 

p  YMNASIUM  ;  sive  Symbola  Critica.     Intended 

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Also,  by  the  same  Author, 

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GUAGE Explained  and  Illustrated,  8th  Edition.  8vo.  7s.  6d.  cloth. 

London:  SIMPKIN,  MARSHALL  &  CO. 
SRD  S.  No.  84.] 


A 


BRUCE'S  GEOGRAPHY  AND  ASTRONOMY. 

N    INTRODUCTION   to   GEOGRAPHY   and 

j.^.  ASTRONOMY,  with  the  Use  of  the  Globes.  By  E.  and  J. 
BRUCE.  12th  Edition.  Containing,  besides  other  Additions  and  Im- 
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S.  IV.  AUG.  8,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


101 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  AUGUSTS,  1863. 


CONTENTS.— N°.  84. 

NOTES:— The  "Faerie  Queene"  Unveiled,  101  — Letter 
from  Sir  Christopher  Wren,  103  —Old  Churchwardens' 
Accounts,  104—  Photo-lithography,  76.  —  Ptolemy's  Know- 
ledge of  Africa  and  the  Sources  of  the  Nile,  &c.,  105  —  Sig- 
nificant Names  in  Shakspeare,  106. 

MINOR  NOTES  :— Bibliographical  Note :  "  Songe  du  Vergier  " 
Longevity  —  Gib  —  Incomes  of  Peers  in  the  latter  Half  of 
the  Seventeenth  Century  —  Yorkshire  Words  and  Phrases 

—  Old  Almanacs  —  Fly-Leaf  Scribblings  —  York  House 
Water  Gate,  Buckingham  Street,  107. 

QUERIES:  — Zadkiel's  Crystal  Ball,  108  — Dr.  Dee's  Cry- 
stal—Albion and  her  White  Roses  — The  Earliest  Auc- 
tion Sale  of  an  Estate —  Bochart  —  Camden's  "  Britannia  " 

—  Dr.  Chamber  laque — Chatham's  Last  Words— Domes- 
day and  its  Difficulties  —  "  Dublin  University  Review  "  — 
Fast  —  "  The    Intrepid   Magazine "  —  Robert  Johnson's 
"  Relations  "  —  "  Letters  on  Literature  "  —  Notes  of  Ser- 
mons, 1754-5  —  Pike  of  Martin  — The  Primrose  —  Regio- 
montanus  —  The   Sacrifice  of  Isaac  —  Obscure  Scottish 
Saints  —  St.  Diggle— Serious  and  Comical  Essays— Thomas 
Simon  —  Theta — Seals,  109; 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  Queen  Elizabeth  —  York- 
shire Poets  —  Passover  —  William  Billyng  —  Lady  Eliza- 
beth Lee  —  Quotations,  111. 

REPLIES:— Jacob's  Staff,  113  —  Major-General  Heane,  115 

—  Exchequer :    or  Exchecquer — Cheque,  116  —  Modern 
Greek  Law  —  Archbishop  Leighton's  Library  at  Dunblane 

—  Pope  and  Senault  —  Sir  Francis  Drake  —  Rooke  Family 
Walsall-legged— Cowthorpe  Oak  —  Wale,  117. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


THE  «  FAERIE  QUEENE  "  UNVEILED.* 

LETTER  III. 

Book  VI.  "  The  Legend  of  Sir  Calidore,  or  of 
Courtesie."  —  Sir  Philip  Sidney  is  acknowledged 
to  be  the  Knight  of  Courtesie,  whose  adventure  is 
to  pursue  and  bind  in  iron  bands  the  Blatant 
Beast;  and  when  we  remember  Philip's  defence 
of  his  father,  and  that  Sir  Henry  never  again 
acted  as  Lord  Deputy  after  his  recall  in  1578 — 
whilst  Philip,  in  the  same  year,  declined  joining 
Prince  Casimir  in  the  Netherlands  on  his  father 
representing  to  him  "  his  own  situation :  the  prac- 
tises— the  information — the  malevolent  accusations 
that  were  assiduously  devised  against  him  —  and 
the  assistance  which  his  presence  would  afford  to 
him," — we  can  readily  understand  how  applicable 
to  father  and  son  is  the  remark  of  Sir  Calidore  to 
Artegall :  — 

"  But  where  ye  ended  have,  now  I  begin 
To  tread  an  endless  trace." — Book  VI.  i.  6. 

Young  Tristram,  whom  Calidore  dubs  his  squire 
in  the  second  canto,  is  probably  a  portrait  of 
Philip  —  "seventeen  years,  but  tall  and  fair  of 
face."  Tristram  was  sent  into  the  Land  of  Faerie 
when  ten  years  old ;  at  which  age  Philip,  son  of 
the  Lord  President  of  ^VV ales,  was  sent  to  Shrews- 
bury school. 

*  Concluded  from  "  N.  &  Q."  3rd  S.  iv.  66. 


As  the  Earl  of  Leicester  had  "  a  certain  plea- 
sant and  winning  majesty,  both  in  his  countenance 
and  speech,  which  gained  him  for  a  time  un- 
bounded popularity,"  we  may  reasonably  suspect 
that  in  the  third  canto  Sir  Calepine  (a  beautiful 
speaker)  and  Serena  are  intended  for  the  Earl  of 
Leicester  and  the  Countess  of  Essex,  who  were 
married  in  September,  1578 ;  but  previously  her 
Serene  Highness  had  been  grievously  wounded 
by  the  venomous  tooth  of  scandal,  and  Serena  is 
wounded  by  the  Blatant  Beast,  which  Calidore 
jursues.  The  story  of  Serena  falling  into  the 
ands  of  Salvages,  and  being  rescued  by  Sir  Calc- 
ine, probably  refers  to  the  disgrace  of  the  earl 
and  countess  at  court,  when  the  queen  was  in- 
formed of  their  marriage  by  Siinier  in  February 
or  March,  1579. 

In  the  fifth  canto  young  Timias,  who  had  com- 
pletely recovered  the  favour  of  Belphcebe,  has 
now  three  mighty  enemies,  Despight,  Deceit,  and 
Defamation,  who  set  the  Blatant  Beast  upon  him, 
and  he  is  wounded;  these  stanzas  evidently  allude 
to  the  envy  and  jealousy  of  the  courtiers  at  Ra- 
legh's high  favour  with  the  Queen  at  this  early 
period  of  his  career. 

In  the  seventh  canto  Timias,  completely  cured 
of  the  icound  from  the  Blatant  Beast,  in  attempt- 
ing to  defend  a  lady  riding  on  an  ass  from  the 
ill-usage  of  two  villains,  Scorn  and  Disdain,  is 
overpowered,  bound  with  a  rope,  and  driven  a«d 
beaten  like  a  slave,  till  he  is  rescued  by  Prince 
Arthur.  The  secret  history  of  this  story  is  singu- 
larly pleasing  and  imaginative ;  and  Spenser,  in 
the  depicting  of  Cupid's  anger,  may  have  had  in 
his  recollection  the  punishment  of  Erona.  The 
lady  on  the  ass,  Mirabella,  wondrous  fair,  — 

"  Famous  through  all  the  Land  of  Faerie ; 
Though  of  mean  parentage  and  kindred  base, 
Yet  deckt  with  wondrous  gifts  of  nature's  grace," 
Book  VI.  vii.  28,— 

is  the  poet's  pastoral  muse,  or  rather,  the  Shep- 
herd's Calendar  itself;  on  which  poem  Sidney, 
about  Christmas,  1580,  as  President  of  the  Areo- 
pagus, passed  sentence  in  words  almost  identical 
with  Spenser's :  — 

"  The  ShepJierd's  Calendar  hath  much  poetrie  in  his 
Eclogues,  indeed  worthie  the  reading  if  I  be  not  deceived. 
That  same  framing  of  his  stile  to  an  old  rustk  language, 
I  dare  not  allow." — Defence  of  Poesie. 

To  this  criticism  Spenser  seems  to  allude,  when 
he  describes  Disdain  as  — 

"  Sib  to  great  Orgoglio,  which  was  slain 
By  Arthur,  whenas  Una's  Knight  he  did  maintain." 

Mirabella  had  now  been  wandering  two  whole 
years,  undergoing  the  penalty  imposed  upon  her 
by  Cupid  for  her  pride  and  cruelty  to  her  lovers 
during  the  previous  two  years  ;  and  as  the  Shep- 
herd's Calendar  was  composed  in  1578,  and  pub- 
lished in  1579,  and  Sidney's  criticism  (Cupid's 


102 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


g.  iv.  AUG.  8,  '63. 


sentence)  was  passed  at  Christmas,  1580,  we  may 
suppose  the  present  adventure  occurred  between 
the  autumn  of  1582,  and  the  spring  of  1583 ;  or, 
in  other  words,  Ralegh  on  his  return  from  the 
wars  in  Ireland  takes  the  part  of  Spenser,  in  de- 
fending the  rustic  language  of  the  Calendar,  and 
thereby  exposes  himself  to  the  scorn  and  ridicule 
of  the  classical  Areopagites.  Such  appears  to  be 
the  simple  solution  of  this  amusing  story,  the 
punishment  of  a  flirt ;  but  the  commentators  have 
given  a  far  different  version  thereof. 

According  to  them,  Mirabella,  the  lady  in  this 
unlucky  plight,  is  a  satirical  portrait  of  Rosalind, 
the  poet's  early  love;  whilst  the  rough  handling 
of  the  gentle  squire  by  Scorn  and  Disdain — as 
well  as  his  disgrace  with  Belphcebe,  and  his  wound 
from  the  Blatant  Beast — are  supposed  to  be  allu- 
sions to  Ralegh's  unfortunate  amour,  in  1592, 
with  Miss  Elizabeth  Throgmorton,  whom  he  after- 
wards married.  But  we  may  feel  assured  the 
gentle  Spenser,  for  gentleness  was  the  distinguish- 
ing trait  of  his  character,  as  imagination  of  his 
genius,  was  not  so  mean  and  malicious,  so  paltry- 
minded,  as  to  hold  up  to  scorn  and  ridicule  a 
rustic  beauty  for  having  jilted  him  fifteen  or  six- 
teen years  before ;  nor  so  ungrateful  and  worth- 
less as  to  rejoice,  page  after  page,  in  heaping 
insults  on  his  friend,  making  himself  the  basest 
and  most  venomous  of  Blatant  Beasts.  Far  from 
Spenser  were  such  thoughts  when  he  composed 
these  beautiful  tales,  full  of  poetry  and  humour. 
His  mind  was  dwelling  on  a  far  distant  land,  and 
on  years  long  gone. by — the  happiest  of  his  life 
before  his  banishment  to  the  wilds  of  Ireland, 
from  1578  to  1584. 

These  lamentable  misinterpretations,  so  inju- 
rious to  the  character  of  the  poet,  seem  to  have 
their  origin  in  the  overhasty  impressions  of  one 
commentator,  inconsiderately  adopted  by  others. 
Ah  me !  Spenser,  "  my  lovely  boy,"  I  sympathise 
with  thee.  Such  was  the  sad  fate  of  poor  dear 
Footsteps  on  her  first  alighting  in  the  Rich  Strond 
of  the  great  Cleopolis.  The  critical  eye  of  Lon- 
don, like  its  gaslight,  bedimmed  and  bemisted  by 
a  November  fog,  mistook  the  gentlest  of  maidens, 
the  fairest  of  fairies,  for  a  fiery  Fury ;  and  she  was 
put  on  an  ass  as  "  a  drunken  idiot,"  led  by  the 
carle,  silent  Contempt,  and  bewhipped  by  the  foole, 
loud-braying  Scorne.  Such  a  penalty  was,  is,  and 
ever  must  be,  paid  by  the  offender  against  time- 
honoured  prejudices  and  fixed  opinions  —  be  he  a 
Galileo,  a  Harvey,  a  Hahnemann,  or  even  the 
humble  author  of  the  Footsteps  of  Shakspere. 

But  let  us  have  another  look  at  the  lovely  Rosa- 
lind. Is  she  a  reality,  or  a  myth  ?  On  reading  the 
Shepherd's  Calendar,  I  confess  I  regarded  her  as 
the  poet's  pastoral  muse  ;  and  even  when  "  E.  K." 
certifies  to  her  identity,  I  was  willing  to  believe 
Spenser  was  practising  a  joke  on  his  friend.  But 
who  is  "E.  K. ?" — the  accomplished  scholar,  the 


mutual  friend  of  Harvey  and  Spenser,  so  inti- 
mately acquainted  with  the  innermost  thoughts  of 
the  latter  ;  the  writer  of  the  Glosse  for  the  Dreams 
as  well  as  for  the  Calendar.  Some  say  Edward 
Kerke,  others  King ;  and  some,  "  that  the  force 
of  guessing  might  no  further  go,  imagine  even  the 
poet  and  the  commentator  the  same  person." 

But  how  comes  it  that,  to  the  elegant  epistle 
prefixed  to  the  Calendar,  only  the  initials  "  E.  K." 
are  attached  ?  with  the  suspicious  date,  "  From 
my  lodging  at  London,  this  tenth  of  April,  1579." 

Why  does  Spenser  always  speak  of  this  bosom- 
friend  as  "  E.  K.,"  whilst  he  gives  us  the  names  of 
his  other  friends  in  full  ?  There  is  certainly  some- 
thing mysterious  in  the  case ;  and  we  can  scarcely 
doubt  "  E.  K."  is  Edmund  Spenser,  on  comparing 
the  following  passages  in  the  Glosse  to  April,  and 
at  the  end  of  Colin  Cloufs  come  Home  again :  — 

The  poet  Stesichorus  is  said  to  have  doted  so  much 
upon  Hirhera,  "  that,  in  regard  of  her  excellencie  he 
scorned  and  wrote  against  the  beautie  of  Helena.  For 
which  his  presumptuous  and  unheedie  hardinesse,  he  is 
said  by  vengeance  of  the  gnd.«,  thereat  being  offended,  to 
have  lost  both  his  eyes." — Glosse  to  April. 

"  And  well  I  wote,  that  oft  I  heard  it  spoken, 

How  one,  that  fairest  Helene  did  revile, 
Through  judgment  of  the  gods  to  been  y  wrokep, 
Lost  both  his  eyes." 

Colin  Cloufs  come  Home  again,  1.  919 — 922. 

"E.  K."  also  tells  us,  "Rosalinde  is  a  fained 
name  ;  which,  being  well  ordered,  will  bewray  the 
verie  name  of  his  love  and  mistresse,  whom  by 
that  name  he  coloureth."  Consequently,  when  we 
find  that  the  words  Rosalinde  and  Rondelais  are 
formed  of  the  same  letters,  the  corporal  presence, 
the  flesh  and  blood  of  Rosalind,  evanishes  into  a 
roundelay ;  which,  being  a  verse  of  difficult  com- 
position, becomes,  in  the  figurative  language  of 
the  poet,  a  proud  and  scornful  beauty.  It  should 
be  noted,  Rosalind  in  the  poem  is  everywhere 
spelt  Rosalind;  but  in  the  Glosse  always  with  an 
e — Rosalinde  ;  and  also  in  the  Argument  to  Janu- 
ary, "a  country  Lasse,  called  Rosalinde."  Spenser 
gives  us  a  roundelay  in  August. 

We  must  now  return  to  Calidore  whom  we  left, 
or  rather  Spenser  did,  in  the  third  canto,  pursuing 
the  Blatant  Beast.  The  Knight  of  Courtesie,  after 
"great  travel  and  toyle — through  hills,  through 
dales,  through  forests,  and  through  plains"  —  at 
last,  in  the  ninth  canto,  "  hostes  with  Melibee  and 
loves  fayre  Pastorell."  In  the  tenth  canto  :  — 

"  Calidore  sees  the  Graces  daunce 

To  Colin's  melody : 
The  whiles  his  Pastorell  is  led 
Into  captivity." 

In  the  next  canto,  Calidore  recovers  Pastorell 
from  the  Brigands;  and  in  .the  twelfth  — 

"  Calidore  doth  the  Blatant  Beast 
Subdue,  and  bind  in  bands." 

In  these  four  cantos  we  have  a  poetical  history 


S'd  S.  IV.  AUG.  8,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES* 


103 


of  Sidney's  life,  from  1580  to  1584.  Pastorella, 
the  supposed  daughter  of  old  Melibee  (Sir  Francis 
Walsingham),  is  Sidney's  Arcadian,  or  pastoral 
muse.*  Her  captivity  among  the  Brigands  may 
refer  to  the  last  three  books  of  the  Arcadia,  which 
were  finished  probably  in  1583;  and  "  Colin's 
melody"  refers  to  Spenser's  return  from  Ireland, 
when  he  ravished  Sidney's  ears  with  his  picture 
of  Despair. 

Spenser,  when  he  wrote  the  fairy  scene  of  the 
Graces  dancing  upon  a  hill  with  Colin's  love  for  a 
fourth  Grace,  must  have  had  in  his  recollection 
the  song  on  Elisa  in  the  Shepherd's  Calendar, 
wherein  he  says  of  the  lady  :  — 

"  She  shall  be  a  Grace, 

To  fill  the  fourth  place, 
And  reign  with  the  rest  in  heaven." — April. 

And  in  the  Glosse  there  is  an  account  of  the 
three  Graces ;  of  which  the  stanzas  22,  23,  24,  in 
this  tenth  canto,  are  merely  an  amplification. 
(Additional  evidence,  and  good,  that  "  E.  K."  and 
Spenser  are  the  same  person.) 

Nor  need  we  wonder,  that  the  fairy  scene  on 
the  hill  vanishes  at  the  sight  of  Calidore :  for,  is 
he  not  the  same  as  Cupid,  Mirabella's  judge  ? 
And  was  he  not  the  President  of  the  Areopagus, 
that  censured  the  Shepherd's  Calendar,  wherein 
Colin's  love,  Rosalinde,  is  so  highly  praised  ?  And 
who  is  Elisa,  the  fourth  Grace  ?  Is  she  not  also 
Rosalinde  ?  Like  her  she  is  of  celestial  origin — 
the  daughter  of  Syrinx  and  Pan  ;  the  oaten  reed, 
the  shepherd's  pipe.  And  thus,  whilst  by  the  pub- 
lic Elisa  is  regarded  as  Queen  Elizabeth,  amongst 
private  friends  she  would  be  Rosalinde,  rondelais, 
rond-Elisa.  Consequently,  in  the  seventy-fourth 
sonnet  of  the  Amoretti,  the  third  Elizabeth  must 
also  be  Rosalind  :  for  how  could  the  poet  owe  the 
graces  of  his  mind  to  a  lady  whom  he  fell  in  love 
with  in  his  fortieth  year  ?  But  we  can  readily 
grant  the  said  lady  may  be  secretly  alluded  to, 
and  complimented  therein  ;  but  there  appears  no 
reason  for  a  similar  admission  as  regards  the 
fourth  Grace  in  this  tenth  canto,  who  is  the  love 
of  Colin  Clout — "  certes  but  a  country  lasse  " — 
and  so  was  Rosalind. 

But  Mirabella  is  not  Rosalinde;  the  one  "is  a 
gentlewoman  of  no  meane  house,"  the  other  "of 
meane  parentage  and  kindred  base,"  —  the  one  is 
the  poet's  muse,  the  other  is  simply  the  Shepherd's 
Calendar.  In  "  E.  K.'s"  epistle,  we  see  the  ner- 
vous anxiety  of  the  new  poet  for  the  success  of 
his  adventure,  and  his  strong  predilection  for  the 
rustic  dialect. 

We  must  now  conclude  with  Calidore.  His. 
finding  the  Blatant  Beast  in  a  monastery  is  pro- 
bably an  allusion  to  Parsons  the  Jesuit,  author  of 
Leicester's  Commonwealth,  to  which  vile  libel  Sir 


*  Hence  we  infer  that  by  Stella,  in  the  poem  of  Astro- 
phel,  was  intended  his  more  stately  muse  of  chivalry. 


Philip  replied  in  1584 :  thus  binding  the  monster 
in  an  iron  chain,  and  all  the  people  "  much  ad- 
mired the  Beast,  but  more  admired  the  knight." 

C. 


LETTER  FROM  SIR  C.  WREN. 

I  possess  an  original  letter,  signed  by  Sir  Chris- 
topher Wren,  and  relating  to  the  supply  of  Port- 
land stone  for  the  building  of  St.  Paul's,  which  I 
should  like  to  have  preserved  in  "  N.  &  Q." 

"London,  12>May,  1705. 
"  Gentlemen, 

"  I  have  perused  yours  of  9th  to  my  self  and  Mr.  Bate- 
man,  and  find  you'l  never  make  a  right  use  of  any  kind- 
ness, for  wch  reason  you  may  expect  less  of  mine  for  the 
future.  You  have  been  pd  beforehand  hitherto,  but  with- 
out your,  better  behaviour  you  shall  not  be  pd  so  again, 
tho'  yu  may  always  depend  on  what  is  right.  I  shall  not 
add  to  my  last  direction  about  the  money,  til  that  be' 
fully  comply*  with,  nor  at  present  tell  you  the  price 
charg'd  to  the  l)uke  of  Buckingham.  As  for  the  Stone 
sent  to  Greenwich,  I  know  no  risque  you  have  run,  nor  of 
any  proposed  to  you,  so  that  you  have  no  pretence  to 
higher  pay  on  that  acco*.  'Tis  all  one  to  me  what  yor 
Jury  dos.  It  shall  not  alter  any  measures  of  mine  except 
in  endeavouring  that  the  Tunnage-money  j?u  claim  by  a 
pretended  Grant  from  the  Crown,  be  disposed  to  a  better 
purpose  than  you  apply  it  to,  you  having  no  manner  of 
right  to  it,  as  I  shall  easily  make  appear ;  and  also  re- 
present to  ye  Queen  your  contesting  her  right,  and  your 
contempt  of  her  authority :  for  tho'  'tis  in  your  own  power 
to  be  as  ungrateful  as  you  will,  yet  you  must  not  think 
that  your  insolence  will  be  always  born  with ;  and  tho' 
you  will  not  be  sensible  of  the  advantage  you  receive  by 
the  present  working  of  the  Quarrys,  yet,  if  they  were 
taken  from  you,  I  believe  you  might  find  the  want  of  'em 
in  very  little  time ;  and  you  may  be  sure  that  Care  will  be 
taken  both  to  maintain  the  Queen's  Right,  and  that  Such 
only  be  employed  in  the  Quarry's  as  will  work  regularly 
and  quietly ;  and  submit  to  proper  and  reasonable  direc- 
tions, w°h  I  leave  yu  to  consider  of,  and  am 

"  Your  friend, 

•'  CHB.  WREN. 

"  I  am  sorry  Mr.  Wood  has  pd  you  the  Tunnage-money 
But  if  I  have  not  a  better  acco*  of  your  behaviour,  I  shal 
endeavor  that  you  be  made  to  refund  it;  and  whether 
yor  Jury  present  Mr.  Wood  or  not  for  the  Stone,  'tis  all 
one  to  me.  If  you  take  upon  you  to  pay  the  Duty  for 
any  Stone  for  S1  Paul's,  or  other  uses,  that  I  give  orders 
for,  you  shall  not  have  one  farthing  allowed  you  for  it. 

"  To  Mr.  John  Elliot, 
Bart.  Comben, 

J«o  Ousley,  ^ 

Ben.  Stone, 
Hen.  Alwel,  and 
Robert  Gibbs, 
at  Portland." 

Then  follows  Sir  Christopher's  direction  :  — 
"  To  Sir  Christopher  Wren,  att 
his  house,  in  Scotland  Yard, 
Whitehall, 
London." 

W.  G.  S. 


104 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"»  S.  IV.  Auo.  8,  '63. 


OLD  CHURCHWARDENS'  ACCOUNTS. 

These  are  very  illustrative  of  the  usages  of  the 
tiroes,  and  are  often  to  be  met  with  lying  un- 
cared  for  in  a  corner  of  the  parish  coffer ;  but  they 
well  deserve  to  be  looked  after,  as  the  following 
extracts  from  Talaton  Devon  will  prove  :  — 
"  1592.  Reed  for  Ale  solde,  xx». 

1594.  Paide  for  Breade  and  Wine  againat  Coronation 

Days,  xvd. 

Paide  to  the  Register  for  two  Excommunica- 
tions and  the  sealinge  of  the  same,  ij*. 

1595.  Paide  for  bread  and  wine  for  three  wedinges,  vid. 
Paid  for  wine  against  John  Drewe's  weding,  ijd. 

1598.  Paid  for  bread  and  wine  against  Pridew's  mar- 
riage, iiid. 

1601.  Payd  for  Bread  and  Wine  against  Thomas  Fran- 
cam's  Weddinge,  ijd. 

Payd  for  Bread  and  Wine  against  John  Mat- 
thew's Weddinge,  ii». 

Paid  for  Bread  and  Wine  for  the  Comm.  on 
Palme  Sunday  and  the  weeke  followinge  and 
Easter  Day,  vij». 

Payd  to  Mr.  Hill  for  new  writtinge  the  Register 
Book,  vij*. 

Payd  for  foure  yeardes  of  Cloth  to  make  the 
Clarke  a  Surples,  iiij»  iiijd. 

Payd  for  makeinge  thereof,  yjd. 

Payd  for  our  Dinner,  xxijd. 

Payd  for  mendinge  the  Piggorme  of  the  4th 
Bell,  vijd 

Payd  for  Leather  to  mende  the  Bell  Coller,  vjd. 

Payd  for  a   Winge  and  Nayles  to  mend  the 

Belles,  vjd. 

1602.  Item,  payd  for  Bread  and  Wine  against  William 
Marker's  Weding  and  Humfrye  Pyle's  Weding, 
vd. 

Payd  for  Bread  and  Wine  for  two  Communions, 
one  at  Michaelmas  and  the  other  at  Chrismas, 
iij'  vjd. 

The  Leather  and  thonges  to  mend  the  Bell  Col- 

lers,  ixd. 
1610.  Paid  for  Peter's  Farthings,  xd. 

Item,  paid   to  Robert  Manley  for  making   the 

pigme  for  the  fourth  bell,  xijd. 

1613.  It:  the  Charges  that  I  was  cityd  for  that  there 
ware  no    sentences  of   Scriptures  upon    the 
Church  Walles,  iij'.  ijd." 
It:  to  Broke  the  paynter  for  setting  up  of  the 

sentences  of  Scripture  upon  the  Church  Walles, 

xvj«. 

The  selling  of  ale  brewed  by  the  churchwardens, 
with  malt  contributed  by  the  parishioners  by  a 
rate,  was  one  way  of  raising  money  for  the  uses 
and  repairs  of  the  church. 

"  Peter's  Fafthings."  What  was  this  payment  ? 
It  occurs  again,  and  I  have  met  with  the  same 
entry  in  other  parish  accounts. 

"  Piggorme,"  "  Pigme."  What  was  this  ?  In 
another  parish  (Woodbury)  in  1537  I  find  it  spelt 
"  peggyn." 

"  1613.  For  Reyes  and  Ringes  and  mending  the  Piggens, 

vid. 
iij  Wages  for  toe  wage  the  Great  Bell  Pigon,  iijd. 

May  it  not  be  the  old  French  word  pignon,  and 
means  pinion  and  pivot,  by  which  the  bell  is  sus- 
pended, now  called  the  gudgeon  ? 


"  Holy  Communion  at  weddings."  Was  this  a 
general  practice  ?  It  is  recommended  in  the  Ku- 
brick at  the  end  of  our  Marriage  Service. 

H.  T.  ELLACOMBE,  M.A. 


PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHY. 

As  one  of  the  large  body  of  amateurs  who  owe 
their  knowledge  of  photography  to  the  admirable 
papers  upon  the  subject  contributed  in  the  early 
days  of  the  art,  when  it  had  not  a  journal  of  its 
own,  to  the  pages  of"  N.  &  Q."  by  Dr.  Diamond, 
and  many  of  those,  whose  names  now  figure  so 
prominently  in  the  photographic  world,  I  would 
suggest  the  propriety  of  your  preserving  in  your 
columns  the  following  simple  process  for  photo- 
lithography recorded  in  The  Times  of  Thursday, 
July  30 :  — 

"  A  curious  communication  was  sent  in  last  week  to 
the  Academy  of  Sciences  by  M.  Morven,  in  which  he  de- 
scribes a  method  of  his  for  obtaining  direct  photographic 
impressions  upon  stone,  and  which  he  can  afterwards 
print  off.  He  first  gives  the  stone  a  coating,  applied  in 
the  dark,  of  a  varnish  composed  of  albumen  and  bi-chro- 
mate  of  ammonia.  Upon  this  he  lays  the  right  side  of 
the  image  to  be  reproduced,  whether  it  be  on  glass,  can- 
vass, or  paper,  provided  it  be  somewhat  transparent. 
This  done,  he  exposes  the  whole  to  the  action  of  light  for 
a  space  of  time  varying  between  30  seconds  and  three 
minutes  if  in  the  sun,  and  between  10  and  25  minutes,  if 
in  the  shade.  He  then  takes  off  the  original  image,  and 
washes  his  stone,  first  with  soap  and  water,  and  then 
with  pure  water  only,  and  immediately  after  inks  it  with 
the  usual  inking-roller.  The  image  is  already  fixed,  for 
it  begins  to  show  itself  in  black  on  a  white  ground.  lie 
now  applies  gumwater,  lets  the  stone  dry,  which  is  done 
in  a  few  minutes,  and  the  operation  is  complete ;  copies 
may  at  once  be  struck  off  by  the  common  lithographic 
process.  The  process  may  be  explained  thus : — The  var- 
nish has  been  fixed  and  rendered  insoluble  by  the  action  of 
light  wherever  it  could  penetrate;  but,  on  the  contrary, 
all  the  parts  of  the  varnish  protected  by  the  dark  por- 
tions of  the  image  still  retain  their  solubility,  and  are 
therefore  still  liable  to  be  acted  upon  by  the  soda  and 
acid  contained  in  the  soap,  of  which  they  moreover  retain 
a  part  of  the  substance.  Hence  the  action  produced  on 
the  stone  is  a  combination  of  etching  and  lithography. 
The  advantages  of  the  process  may  be  briefly  summed  up 
as  follow : — Simplicity  and  rapidity  in  the  operation,  ex- 
actness in  reproducing  the  design,  no  need  of  negative 
impressions  on  glass  or  paper,  the  positive  original  comes 
out  positive,  the  original  design  or  model  is  not  spoilt 
during  the  process,  and  the  cost  is  trifling,  owing  to  the 
cheapness  of  the  substances." — Gcdignani's  Messenger. 

My  reason  for  this  is  obvious.  The  practice 
here  described  is  so  simple  that,  if  it  be  as  effec- 
tive as  it  is  described,  no  photographer,  capable 
of  producing  a  decent  photograph,  can  now  be 
under  any  difficulty  in  multiplying  copies  of  it. 
Photography  was  wisely  advocated  in"N.  &  Q." 
as  of  the  greatest  possible  value  to  the  anti- 
quary. How  that  value  will  be  increased  by 
this  simple  process  of  multiplying  photo-litho- 
graphic copies  of  views,  documents,  seals,  &c.  it 


3*<»  S.  IV.  AUG.  8,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


would  be  a  waste,  of  space  to  argue.  I  hope  any 
correspondents  who  use  M.  Morven's  process  will 
give  your  readers  the  benefit  of  their  experience. 

AMATECR. 


PTOLEMY'S  KNOWLEDGE  OF  AFRICA  AND 

THE  SOUECES  OF  THE  NILE, 

AS  A  SPECIMEN  OF  THE  TRANSLATION  AND  EXPLANATION 

OF  THAT  WRITER'S  "  GEOGKAVHICA." 

Every  map,  representing  any  great  portion  of 
the  earth's  superficies,  must  necessarily  be  com- 
pounded of  a  number  of  special  ones ;  a  truth  that 
will  be  deemed  by  no  one  unimportant  who  has 
ever  occupied  himself  with  Chartography  :  he  will 
find  its  application  for  every  atlas,  whether  con- 
structed now  or  a  thousand  years  back. 

The  measurements  of  an  engineer  or  the  itiner- 
aries of  the  traveller  give  special  maps;  the  com-, 
bination  of  many  such  special  maps  to  an  entirety 
of  the  globe,  is  the  problem  of  geography.  Thus, 
Ptolemy,  at  the  commencement  of  his  work,  says  : 
"  Geographers  need  not  necessarily  be  draftsmen ; 
they  only  combine  what  has  been  previously  de- 
lineated, and  bring  together  by  the  aid  of  mathe- 
matics (fj.e66Sov  pa.Qyfj.a.TiKris)  the  materials  afforded 
them  by  the  topographers.  His  task,  therefore,  is 
easy,  where  a  sufficient  number  of  special  maps 
are  laid  before  him." 

The  maps  which  Ptolemy  constructed  for  Cen- 
tral Africa,  though  generally  wrong,  are  so  upon 
principle,  and  on  a  settled  plan.  When  we  have 
the  clue  to  his  principle,  it  will  be  found  that  his 
old  map  possesses  more  truth  than  his  most  en- 
thusiastic admirers  have  ever  contemplated.  It 
will  be,  therefore,  our  object  to  follow  him  into 
his  library,  to  watch  over  his  mode  of  proceeding, 
to  discover  the  rationale  of  his  errors :  for  as  on 
the  one  hand  they  proceed  from  the  faults  of 
projection,  which  more  than  anything  have  dis- 
torted his  map,  so  on  the  other,  from  the  want  of 
knowledge  in  his  commentators  of  this  method, 
which  has  hitherto  prevented  them  from  properly 
understanding  him.  . 

The  methoi  then  followed  by  Ptolemy,  which 
he  had  copied  from  Martinus  Tyrius,  his  prede- 
cessor, and  which  had  been  adopted  by  others,  is 
as  follows :  —  He  carried  the  single  maps,  from 
which  he  constructed  his  general  one,  on  to  a 
globe,  taking  as  his  basis  the  astronomical  ob- 
servations already  made  by  himself  and  others. 
After  all  his  material  was  thus  arranged,  it  was 
easy  to  fix  to  each  the  proper  degree  of  latitude 
and  longitude.  As,  however,  a  globe  of  the  re- 
quisite saze  would  be  difficult  to  procure,  Ptolemy 
gives  various  methods  of  drawing  meridians  and 
parallels  upon  a  plane,  that  it  may  be  similar  to 
the  globe,  after  the  special  maps  are  laid  on  to  it. 
Unfortunately  one  radical  error  pervades  Pto- 
lemy's entire  work:  he  takes  the  length  of  a 


degree  under  the  Equator  too  little  by  one-sixth, 
a  fault  by  no  means  mended,  if  500  stadia  are 
reckoned  to  his  degree  instead  of  600.  Wherever 
possible,  this  error  was  corrected  by  astronomical 
observation ;  and  it  is  just  in  such  places  we  can 
observe  the  excellence  of  the  materials  with  which 
he  worked.  But  with  the  choice,  he  always  pre- 
fers astronomical  observations,  and  where  they 
failed  him,  he  was  necessarily  forced  to  depend 
upon  the  measurements  and  itineraries  of  others ; 
though  the  views  he  thereby  obtained  were  often 
in  conflict  with  the  recorded  observations  made 
previously  :  in  such  cases  he  held  these  measure- 
ments as  false,  and  proceeded  to  amend  them  by 
his  own  judgment. 

It  will,  therefore,  be  necessary,  in  the  following 
investigation,  to  ascertain  what  observations  are 
his  own  and  what  proceed  from  his  judgment 
exercised  upon  the  opinion  of  others ;  and  in 
doing  so  we  will  at  present  take  his  map  of  the 
course  of  the  Nile,  leaving  other  portions  of  Cen- 
tral Africa  and  the  Niger  to  a  translation  of  his 
entire  work,  which  we  hope  to  accomplish. 

Following  the  course  of  the  Nile  in  Ptolemy's 
works  we  find  that,  from  Alexandria  to  Syene,  it 
is  pretty  correctly  laid  down  ;  and  that  occasional 
variations  from  its  modern  run  are  perhaps  due 
more  to  the  changes  of  its  bed  than  to  any  fault 
of  the  geographer.  From  Syene  to  Meroe  we 
observe  generally  all  the  bends  the  stream  still 
pursues,  but  with  a  neglect  of  specialties  for 
generals.  The  N  form  sinuosity,  known  already 
to  Erastostbenes  and  other  ancient  writers,  is 
truly  and  possibly  better  drawn  than  upon  maps 
which  were  projected  at  the  beginning  of  the 
present  century. 

The  geographical  latitude  of  Syene  has,  as  is 
well  known,  been  fixed  by  astronomical  calcula- 
tion. 

Had  Ptolemy,  with  the  shortened  degree  men- 
tioned above  as  his  basis,  and  without  astronomi- 
cal correction,  formed  his  map  of  the  Upper  Nile, 
he  must  soon  have  come  too  far  South,  and  the 
difference  must  have  been  plainly  perceptible  at 
Erchoas  (18°  N.  L.).  On  the  way  from  Erchoas 
to  Napata,  this  error  was  again  rectified ;  though 
this  latter  place  has  a  situation  that  is  at  least 
half  a  degree  too  low  with  reference  to  Syene. 
At  Meroe,  the  error  from  this  mode  of  computa- 
tion would  not  be  less  than  a  degree,  but  in  reality 
we  do  not  find  this  supposition  confirmed  by  in- 
spection. Meroe  and  Erchoas  are  nearly  in  their 
right  latitudes,  and  Napata  much  too  far  north. 
From  this  it  follows,  that  the  latitudinal  observa- 
'  tions  in  the  eighth  book  on  Napata  and  Meroe 
cannot  both  be  taken  from  the  same  particular 
maps  ;  one  of  them  must  have  been  from  his  own 
projection.  Meroe  has  the  best  right  to  claim 
observations  for  its  site,  which  Napata  can  scarcely 
expect,  as  it  is  almost  half  a  degree  wrong.  Now, 


106 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*d  S.  IV.  AUG.  8,  '63. 


though  the  most  probable  supposition  would  be 
that  Ptolemy  fixes  the  latitude  of  Napata  from 
that  of  Meroe,  still  this  would  not  entirely  serve 
our  purpose,  as  Napata  would  still  be  too  far 
north. 

To  find,  therefore,  exactly  how  the  site  of 
Napata  was  determined,  it  will  be  necessary  to 
inquire  regarding  what  place  its  situation  is  true. 
If  we  adhere  to  the  various  readings  to  which 
Wilberg  in  his  translation  gives  the  preference, 
we  shall  seek  in  vain  ;  but,  luckily  there  is  another 
reading  for  the  commencement  of  the  Island 
Meroe,  or  the  junction  of  the  Tagazzi  with  the 
Nile,  which  places  this  junction  1°  more  north,  and 
thus  puts  all  right  again  (see  Wilding,  p.  382.) 
By  admitting  this  reading,  the  Nile  will  then 
regain  its  true  form,  whilst,  from  the  usual  figures 
the  site  of  Napata,  with  the  course  of  the  river 
and  the  place  of  Meroe,  remain  as  inexplicable  as 
has  been  hitherto  assumed  by  all  the  commenta- 
tors. 

Again,  whilst  we  have  thus  far  cleared  up  the 
situation  of  the  northern  point  of  the  Island  of 
Meroe  from  the  use  of  a  too  small  degree,  the  town 
itself  of  the  same  name  is  placed  more  than  twice 
its  distance  from  this  point.  We  find  we  are  here 
upon  a  special  map  more  than  twice  the  size  of  his 
usual  scale,  and  the  same  error  runs  through 
all  his  subsequent  determinations  from  thejsame 
spot. 

Proceeding  upwards,  we  arrive  at  a  spot  where 
the  junction  of  the  Astapes  and  Nile  takes  place, 
whilst,  on  our  present  maps,  the  junction  6f  Bahr 
Azrak  and  Bahr  Abiad  occurs  much  earlier.  This 
arises  from  a  special  map  on  a  scale  of  2°  4'  too 
large  in  regard  to  the  general  one.  Astapes=Bahr 
Azrak;  ]SJile=Bahr  Abiad,  whose  western  lake 
may  possibly  be  lake  Liule  Liita  Nzige  of  our 
modern  enterprising  travellers  Messrs.  Speke  and 
Grant. 

To  find,  therefore,  the  river  Ptolemy  takes  for 
the  east  source  of  the  Nile,  we  must  shorten  the 
distance  of  the  junction  of  this  side  river  with 
the  western  stream,  as  2*4  to  1.  This  reduced 
distance  brings  us  up  from  Chartum  (junction  of 
Nile  and  Astapes)  to  the  mouth  of  the  Djall  and 
south-east  tributary  of  the  Bahr  Abiad.  It  may, 
however,  surprise  many  that  Ptolemy  should 
have  noticed  this  unimportant  stream  and  passed 
over  the  Sobat  opening  only  1°  more  south,  and 
almost  as  important  as  Bahr  Abiad  (possibly 
Sobat  and  Djall  are  arms  of  one  river).  The 
length  of  the  Sobat,  according  to  Ptolemy,  is  not 
considerable.  Whether  Djall  or  Sobat  be  the  east 
arm  of  the  Nile,  it  is  certain  that  Ptolemy  knew 
Bahr  Abiad,  as  far  as  lake  NO,  and  considered  it 
the  proper  Nile ;  be  knew  also  that  the  Astaboras 
is  our  Takazzi ;  the  Astapes,  the  Bahr  Abiad. 
Every  opinion  opposed  to  this  calculation,  or  as 
hitherto  explained  by  expounders  of  Ptolemy,  must 


appear  baseless,  and,  according  to  circumstances, 
ridiculous. 

If,  however,  this  explanation  of  Ptolemy's  me- 
thod, and  the  causes  of  his  failure  in  fixing  the 
lake  of  NO  and  source  of  the  Bahr  Abiad  too  far 
south,  in  the  proportions  of  2°  4'  to  1,  so  that  but 
for  the  fault  of  using  maps  differing  in  scales  in  this 
ratio,  he  would  have  settled  it  exactly  on  the  spot 
on  which  the  zeal  and  indefatigable  industry  of 
our  latest  explorers,  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Geographical  Society,  have  now  irrevocably  fixed 
it ;  it  is  no  detraction  from  their  glory  that  this 
Father  of  Geography  knew  it  fully  2000  years 
earlier.  Lost  in  the  confusion  of  his  own  materials, 
and  totally  forgotten  in  the  darkness  of  the  Mid- 
dle Ages,  and  the  indiscriminating  zeal  and  pro- 
selytism  of  Mahommedan  fury,  the  discovery  of 
our  countrymen  is  as  new  and  as  real  as  if  no  pre- 
vious glimpse  of  the  ultimate  abode  of  old  father 
Nile  had  ever  been  vouchsafed  to  mortals.  The 
resolute  adventurers,  who,  in  our  own  day,  have 
brought  the  long-lost  fact  to  light,  lose  nothing  of 
the  merit  of  originality  by  the  prior  labours  of 
one  whom  they  may  never  have  studied. 

WILLIAM  BELL,  Phil.  Dr. 
2,  Burtou  Street,  Euston  Square. 


SIGNIFICANT  NAMES  IN  SHAKSPEARE. 

"  For  yovng  Charbon,  the  Puritan,  and  old  Poysara  the 
Papist."— All's  Well  that  Ends  Well,  Act  I.  Sc.  3. 

In  some  suggestions  in  a  late  number,  as  to  why 
the  French  clown  was  granted  the  surname  of 
Lavatch,  or  more  properly  Lavache,  I  had  occa- 
sion to  notice  Shakspeare's  use  of  significant 
names.  The  present  quotation  affords  other  and 
insufficiently  noticed  examples  of  this.  The  cha- 
racters being  French,  it  was  long  ago  acutely  sur- 
mised by  Malone  that  Poysam  was  a  misprint  for 
Poisson  [i  and  long  s  having  been  taken  for  y~\  ;  but 
unfortunately  his  further  supposition,  that  Charbon 
was  meant  to  indicate  the  fiery  zeal  of  the  Puritans, 
was  unsatisfactory,  and  pave  no  support  to  the 
previous  conjecture.  As,  however,  Poisson  is  sig- 
nificant of  the  fasting  and  self-denying  Papist,  so 
I  think  Charbon,  Chairbon,  or  Chairbonne,  was 
given  authentically  to  the  fast-denying  or  sleek 
Puritan  as  derivable  from  chair  bonne,  or  bonne 
chair.  The  antithesis  and  the  appropriateness 
of  the  allusions  prove  the  truth  of  these  emenda- 
tions and  interpretations  ;  and  if  other  proof  were 
wanting,  it  is  to  be  found  in  this,  that  Shakspeare 
has  clearly  appropriated  to  his  own  purposes  the 
old  French  proverb  :  "  Jeune  chair  et  viel  pois- 
son  " — "  Young  flesh  and  old  fish  (are  the  dain- 
tiest)." Hence,  also,  the  full  meaning  intended  to 
be  conveyed  is  not  that  some,  but  that  the  best  men, 
whatever  their  age  or  whatever  may  be  their  own 
or  their  wives'  religious  opinions,  all  share  the 
common  fate. 


3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  8,  '68. ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


107 


"  Par.  You  shall  find,  in  the  Begiment  of  the  Spinii, 
one  Captaine  Spurio,  his  cicatrice  with  an  emblem  of  warre 
heere  on  his  sinister  cheek." 

Alfs  Well  that  Ends  Well,  Act  II.  Sc.  1. 

This  has  been  altered  to  "  with  his  cicatrice." 
But  the  "  emblem  of  warre  "  I  take  to  be,  not  the 
cicatrice,  but  the  velvet  patch  that  covered  either 
it  or  the  sound  skin  :  a  fashion  of  the  day,  and 
an  abuse  afterwards  laughed  at  by  the  fool,  when 
he  says : — 

"  Tender's  my  Lord,  your  son,  with  a  patch  of  velvet 
on's  face ;  whether  there  be  a  scar  under 't  or  no,  the  vel- 
vet knows — but  'tis  a  goodly  patch  of  velvet." 

That  it  was  meant  to  be  understood,  and  that 
it  was  part  of  the  humour  of  the  passage,  that 
Capt.  Spurio's  patch  was  mere  braggartism,  and 
his  scar  "over  the  left  cheek"  sound  flesh,  is 
shown  by  this  :  that  "  51  Capitano  Spurio,"  being 
Anglicised,  is  Capt.  Counterfeit ;  and  one  who, 
though  an  Italian,  is  of  the  same  feather,  or,  as 
Helen  would  say,  of  the  same  wing/  with  Mr. 
Alltalk  the  Frenchman.  I  am  much  disposed 
also  to  believe  that  the  latter,  when  pointing  with 
his  right  thumb  "here,"  towards  the  left  cheek, 
mutely  asserts  the  same  fact  by  a  sign,  which  is 
still  of  favourite  significance  with  the  English 
gamin. 

The  apparent,  or  rather  'verbal  want  of  con- 
nection between  the  two  clauses,  is  partly  to  be 
accounted  for  by  the  affected  and  generally  dis- 
jointed language  of  the  speaker,  and  partly  by 
the  use  of  the  mute  addition  just  noticed;  and 
all  that  is  wanting,  according  to  our  present 
punctuation,  is  a  comma  and  dash  after  Spurio. 

Query.  Has  it  been  noticed  ?  And  may  it  not 
be  that  as  the  Lords  and  Captains,  called  E.  and 
G.  in  the  first  folio  nomenclature,  are  both  called 
Dumain  in  the  text ;  so  E.  may  stand  for  Eccle- 
stone,  and  G.  for  Goughe  or  Gilburne  ? 

BENJ.  EAST. 


BIBLIOGRAPHICAL  NOTE:  "  SONGE  DU  VER- 
GIER."  —  In  the  last  part  which  has  hitherto 
appeared  of  the  new  edition  of  M.  Brunei's  ad- 
mirable Manuel  du  Libraire,  I  notice  a  statement 
concerning  the  Songe  du  Vergier,  which  seems  to 
me  quite  incorrect ;  and  as  the  history  of  the 
book  has  been  the  subject  of  frequent  discussion, 
and  lately  of  a  considerable  volume,  I  may  men- 
tion it  here.  M.  Brunei  says  that,  "  as  the  French 
text  was  printed  twenty  years  before  the  Latin 
(1491 — 1516),  it  was  natural  to  suppose  that  the 
work  was  first  written  in  French  and  then  trans- 
lated into  Latin ;  but  still  the  contrary  opinion 
has  generally  prevailed."  The  general  opinion  is 
the  correct  one.  No  one  seems  to  have  noticed 
the  fact  that  the  Songe  du  Vergier  is  an  expan- 


sion of  the  tract,  Dyalogus  inter  Clericum  et  Mill- 
tern  super  Dignitate  papali  et  rcgia  ,•  of  which  six 
editions  ante  1500  are  mentioned  by  Panzer,  and 
of  which  the  first  edition  was  printed  in  1475. 

This  tract  supplies  the  subject-matter,  and  fre- 
quently the  exact  words,  of  the  first  thirty -six 
chapters  of  the  Songe  du  Vergier.  As  to  the 
remaining  portion  of  the  latter  book,  we  must 
either  conclude  that  it  was  the  original  composi- 
tion of  the  unknown  French  author,  or  that  only 
a  portion  of  the  Dyalogus  was  printed  from  the 
MS.  JOHN  ELIOT  HODGKIN. 

LONGEVITY.  —  Cardinal  John  Baptist  de  Belloy 
was  born  on  April  8,  1709,  at  Senlis,  became 
Bishop  of  Glandeve  in  1752,  and  of  Marseilles  in 
1755.  In  1802  he  was  appointed  Archbishop  of 
Paris,  and  made  Cardinal  in  1803.  A  gentleman 
of  an  old  English  family  wrote  from  Paris,  June  3, 
1805,  of  this  venerable  prelate,  as  follows: — 

"  I  was  present  yesterday,  Whitsunday,  at  the  High 
Mass  at  Notre  Dame,  celebrated  by  the  Archbishop,  Car- 
dinal De  Belloy,  who  has  completed  his  ninety-sixth 
year,  having  been  born  on  the  8th  of  April,  1709.  He 
feels  not  the  least  inconvenience  from  so  advanced  an  age, 
he  is  able  to  masticate  his  food,  he  eats,  drinks,  keeps  the 
days  of  fasting  and  abstinence,  is  neither  deaf  nor  blind, 
his  head  is  perfectly  clear,  and  his  memory  prodigious ;  it 
is  consoling  to  human  nature  to  be  able  to  record  such  an 
example." 

This  extraordinary  man  died  in  1808,  having 
attained  the  great  age  of  ninety-nine  years. 

F.  C.  H. 

GIB. — Richardson  thinks  this  word,  as  applied 
to  a  horse,  may  be  derived  from  A.-S.  Gabban,  to 
delude ;  hence,  to  evade  or  shirk  tho  work.  Is  it 
not  rather  from  the  old  French  giber,  which, 
though  not  found  in  that  form  that  1  am  aware 
of,  seems  to  exist  in  the  compound  regiber  f  Of  a 
restive  horse  it  is  said  (Le  Ditdes  Aneles,  Jubinal, 
Rec.  i.  15):  "Car  touz  jours  reculoit,  et  prist  a 
regiber."  ..."  Si  fort  qu'il  fist  son  maistre  contre 
terre  verser." 

Regiber  does  not  appear  in  Cotgrave  or  La- 
combe,  but  the  modern  word  regimber  has  the 
signification  to  kick,  or  wince.  It  is  just  possible 
that  the  word  regiber,  in  the  above  passage,  has 
been  incorrectly  copied  from  the  MS. ;  a  con- 
traction above  the  i,  equivalent  to  m,  having 
perhaps  been  overlooked. 

JOHN  ELIOT  HODGKIN. 

INCOMES  OP  PEERS  IN  THE  LATTER  HALF  OF 
THE  SEVENTEENTH  CENTURY. — Reference  to  this 
subject  having  been  made  under  the  head  of 
"  Radnorshire  Rhymes,"  allow  me  to  add  a  "Note" 
on  the  matter  by  remarking  that  Burnet  says  of 
the  Duke  of  Newcastle,  that  he  was  the  richest 
subject  who  had  been  seen  in  England  for  ages,  his 
estate  being  as  high  as  40,OOOZ.  a-year.  The  Duke 
in  question  was  that  John  Holies,  fourth  Earl  of 
Clare,  who  married  Margaret,  daughter  of  the 


108 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3>'<>  S.  IV.  AUG.  8,  '63. 


second   and  last   of  the   Cavendishes,   to   whose 
ducal  title  he  was  elevated  in  1694.      J.  DORAN. 

YORKSHIRE  AVoRDS  AND  PHRASES.  —  I  have 
lately  spent  a  few  days  in  the  north  of  Yorkshire, 
and  have  been  reminded,  by  hearing  them  used,  of 
some  words  which  had  escaped  my  memory,  and 
which  are  not  given  in  the  glossaries  in  my  pos- 
session. I  will  supply  them  while  they  are  fresh 
in  my  recollection. 

The  first  is  the  word  stopboggle.  This  literally 
means  some  person  or  thing  that  stops  the  way, 
or  that  frightens  any  one  from  pursuing  a  fa- 
vourite path  or  object.  It  will,  perhaps,  be  still 
better  understood  by  giving  the  sentence  of  which 
it  formed  a  part.  At  a  farmer's  table  it  was 
complained  that  the  wife  of  one  of  the  sons  had 
taken  offence,  and  did  not  now  come  to  see  the 
family.  The  old  man  said,  "  I  am  the  stopboggle," 
that  is,  he  was  the  cause  of  her  keeping  away. 
Boggle  is  a  common  word  in  Yorkshire,  used  to 
express  a  doubt  or  difficulty,  or  anything  that  can- 
not be  easily  overcome.  A  man  hesitates  in  mak- 
ing a  statement,  or  giving  evidence,  or  telling  a 
story,  or  he  blunders  or  pauses  in  the  execution  of 
a  piece  of  work,  or  he  lingers  about  commencing 
it;  in  all  such  cases  he  is  said  to  boggle  at  it.  It 
will  thus  be  seen  that  the  word  stopboggle  is  most 
expressive.  The  word  boggle  must  not  be  con- 
founded with  bogle.  The  latter  term  is  given  to  a 
ghost  or  apparition,  or  any  supernatural  appear- 
ance. In  common  with  bogie  and  boggart  it  is 
used  indifferently. 

I  heard  another  word  which  was  once  familiar  to 
me,  but  had  of  late  years  escaped  me.  I  mean  the 
word  flybesky.  I  give  it  as  pronounced,  but  no 
doubt  when  given  properly  it  should  \>e  fly-by-shy . 
This  word  is  used  to  describe  a  nighty,  desultory,  or 
extravagant  person,  one  who  acts  without  method 
or  forethought.  The  appellation  does  not  con- 
vey any  moral  delinquency  or  guilt,  but  simply 
thoughtlessness,  or  folly  in  a  state  of  excess,  or 
riot. 

I  was  amused  one  morning  by  hearing  a  country- 
man ask  another  about  his  nangnails.  I  should 
apprehend  that  according  to  analogy  it  should  be 
knangnails.  Many  of  your  readers  may  not  know 
that  in  these  districts  this  is  the  vernacular  for 
those  very  troublesome  excrescences  on  the  feet  and 
toes,  corns,  and  I  doubt  whether  many  of  the  in- 
habitants would  understand  what  was  meant  if  the 
proper  term  was  applied.  T.  B. 

OLD  ALMANACS. — I  find  that  the  'date  of  the 
earliest  printed  almanac  is  1455.  This  almanac 
is  mentioned  with  some  notice  of  its  contents  in 
Sotheby's  Principia  Typog.  vol.  ii.  p.  197,  who 
adds  that  it  consists  of  nine  4to  pages,  and  was 
discovered  by  Docen  in  the  Jesuit  House  at 
Augsburg.  I  observe  that  the  earliest  almanacs, 
manuscript  and  otherwise,  do  not  contain  any 


trace  of  the  nonsense  of  Messrs.  Zadkiel  &  Co., 
and  that  the  introduction  of  the  "  influence  of 
the  signs  on  the  parts  of  the  human  body  "  seems 
to  date  from  the  time  when  the  composition  of 
almanacs  passed  from  the  hands  of  scholars  and 
students  into  the  hands  of  medical  practitioners. 

WM.  DAVIS. 

FLY-LEAF  SCRIBBLINGS.  —  I  have  before  me  a 
volume  of  the  Arabian  Nights,  "  translated  from 
the  French  translation,"  1738,  on  the  fly-leaf  of 
which,  appended  to  the  owner's  name,  I  find,  in 
the  same  handwriting,  a  notification  not  devoid  of 
point :  — 

"  CHARLES  BIDDOU-H,  1746. 

"  This  is  to  give  notice  that  if  any  one  do  not  think 
these  books  worth  there  reading  they  may  let  them 
alone." 

P.  S.  CAREY. 

YORK  HOUSE  WATER  GATE,  BUCKINGHAM 
STREET.  —  Permit  me,  through  the  medium  of 
"  N.  &  Q.,  to  express  a  hope  that  those  entrusted 
with  the  execution  of  the  proposed  embankment 
of  the  northern  shore  of  the  Thames,  will  not 
suffer  this  beautiful  relic  of  the  genius  of  Inigo 
Jones  to  be  removed  or  destroyed,  but  that  they 
will  so  incorporate  it  in  their  plan,  either  by  mak- 
ing it  an  entrance  to  water-stairs,  or  in  some 
other  way,  as  nearly  as  possible  on  its  present 
site,  as  that  it  may  continue  an  ornament  to  the 
metropolis,  as  well  as  an  interesting  memorial  of 
the  stately  mansion  which  once 
"  Reared  its  proud  front  upon  the  banks  of  Thames." 

W.  H.  HUSK. 


ZADKIEL'S   CRYSTAL   BALL. 

Shall  we  marvel  that  some  of  the  elite  of  our 
land  have  been  so  eager  to  see  and  investigate 
Lieutenant  Morrison's  pet  wonder,  when  we  find 
it  recorded  that  many  nations  of  antiquity  have 
held  in  reverential  awe  and  admiration  stones  of 
a  kindred  character,  and  crowned  heads  them- 
selves are  reported  to  have  numbered  them  among 
their  miranda? 

The  following  from  an  old  treatise  in  my  pos- 
session on  "  Precious  Stones  "  appears  especially 
worthy  of  note  after  the  late  amusing  trial :  — 

"  Among  the  stones  of  choicest  esteeme,  that  of  Pyrrhtis 
in  ancient  times  was  accounted  to  be  most  excellent.  For 
in  that  precious  stone  (without  any  helpe,  invention,  or 
arte  of  man)  was  naturally  discerned  the  figures  of  nine 
goddesses  and  a  young  naked  child  standing  by  them : 
so  that  they  were  censured,  by  grave  opinion,  to  bee  the 
portraits  of  the  nine  Muses  and  Apollo.  A  matter  very 
strange,  and  somewhat  difficult  to  be  credited.  (Very!) 
Neverthelesse,  many  authors  worthy  beliefe  doe  avouch 
it  for  a  true  historic,  especially  Plinie.  And  question- 
less, according  to  the  judgement  of  philosophers,  this 
might  happen  naturally,  by  the  great  and  immeasurable 


3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  8,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


109 


heate  of  matter  consisting  in  the  sayde  stone;  or  else  by 
some  correspondence  or  cclestiall  influence,  with  the 
stars  and  planets,  even  as  a  woman  may  produce  a  mon- 
ster, wholly  different  from  humane  kind,  and  by  the  self- 
same influences.  Albertus  Magnus  saith,  that  he  sawe  at 
Collen  in  the  chapel  of  the  three  Kings,  a  stone  wherein 
was  naturally  figured  and  discerned  two  mens'  heads 
placed  upon  a  serpent.  Leonardus  Camillus,  in  his  Mir- 
rour  of  Precious  Stones  saith,  that  this  may  be  so  natu- 
ra\ly,  affirming  moreover  to  have  seene  seaven  trees,  ali 
of  one  form,  naturally  pourtrayed  in  a  stone.  And,  not 
to  tie  myselfe  to  other  men's  testimonies,  I  have  observed 
in  columnes  of  marble  and  jasper,  men  naturally  figured, 
and  many  other  shapes  besides,  very  remarkable,  both 
for  the  diversitie  of  colours,  and  singularitie  of  shadowes 
naturally  thereto  belonging." 

To  this  my  credulous  author  adds  many  other 
wondrous  properties  of  stones.  Credat  Judceus  ! 
Mrs.  Allen  probably  would.  Were  he  alive  now, 
he  would  no  doubt  assist  Lieut.  Morrison  in  his 
researches,  and  would  discover  more  wondrous 
prodigies  in  the  ball  of  the  velvet  bag,  keen- 
sighted  as  he  must  have  been ! !  Since  this  little 
crystal  globe  has  afforded  so  much  amusement, 
may  we  add  a  query  to  this  note  ?  Can  any  cor- 
respondent say  aught  of  the  history  of  this  said 
stone  before  it  came  into  the  possession  of  Lady 
Blessinarton  ?  JOHN  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 


DR.  DEE'S  CRYSTAL. —  In  the  recent  trial  be- 
tween "Zadkiel"  and  Capt. ,  so  curiously 

illustrative  of  "  the  march  of  intellect "  in  the 
nineteenth  century,  a  crystal,  said  to  be  that 
"  formerly  possessed  and  used  in  his  intercourse 
with  spirits  by  the  celebrated  Dr.  Dee,  was  ex- 
hibited in  court."  I  am  mistaken  if  the  "  ma«ical 
mirror,"  which  belonged  to  the  old  Elizabethan 
conjuror,  is  not  in  the  British  Museum.  Is  it 
there  ?  And  if  so,  what  is  its  substance  ?  J.  H. 


ALBION  AND  HER  WHITE  ROSES. — I  always  sup- 
posed that  England  was  anciently  called  Albion 
solely  from  its  white  cliffs;  but  the  elder  Pliny 
gives  another  etymology  in  addition :  "  Albion 
insula  sic  dicta  ab  albis  rupibus  quas  mare  alluit, 
vel  ob  rosas  albas  quibus  abundat."  (Hist.  Nat. 
iv.  16.)  Which  of  the  derivations  is  the  more 
probable  ?  J.  D ALTON. 

THE  EARLIEST  AUCTION  SALE  OF  AN  ESTATE. — 
Ca«  any  of  the  readers  of  "N.  &  Q."  inform  me 
the  date  and  auctioneer's  name  of  the  earliest 
auction  sale  of  an .  estate  at  Garraway's  Coffee 
House,  'Change  Alley,  Cornhill,  London  ?  And 
if  the  printed  particulars  of  the  sale  has  been 
preserved  ?  CHAS.  JOHNSON,  Jun. 

BOCHART. — May  I  ask  what  is  the  proper  pro- 
nunciation of  the  name  of  this  famous  scholar  ? 
We  generally  hear  it  as  Bockhart.  But  as  the 
individual  was  French,  ought  it  not  to  be  Boshurt  ? 

H.B. 


CAMDEN'S  "  BRITANNIA." — In  the  note  to  Cam- 
den's  Britannia,  in  Bohn's  edition  of  Lowndes's 
Bibliographers  Manual,  it  is  stated  that  "  this  work 
passed  through  eight  editions  between  1586  and 
1590."  The  note  then  proceeds  to  give  account  of 
six  editions  only  that  were  published  respectively 
in  the  years  1586,  1587,  1590,  1594,  1600  ("fifth 
edition"),  and  1607,  "the  last  edition  corrected 
by  the  author."  The  first  three  were  8vo,  the 
next  two  4to,iandthe  last  edition  was  folio.  I 
think  the  "eight  editions"  must  be  a  mistake. 
If  not,  what  ar«  the  dates  of  the  others  ? 

TRETANE. 

DB.  CHAMBERLAQDE.  —  An  American  gentle- 
man once  remarked  to  the  late  Sydney  Smith, 

"  You  are  so  funny,  Mr.  Smith  !  do  you  know, 
you  remind  me  of  our  great  joker,  Dr.  Chamber- 
laque."  "  I  am  much  honoured,"  replied  the 
witty  canon,  "  but  I  was  not  aware  you  had  such 
a  functionary  in  the  United  States."  Who  was 
Dr.  Chamberlaque,  and  where  may  specimens  of 
his  jocosity  be  found  ?  T.  P.  G. 

CHATHAM'S  LAST  WORDS. — Pitt's  dying  words, 
"  Oh,  how  I  leave  my  country !  "  are  well  known. 
Were  the  last  words  of  Lord  Chatham,  "  Save, 
oh !  save  my  country  ? "  There  is  a  caricature, 
published  Feb.  18,  1785,  entitled  "  Honest  Billy," 
and  representing  Pitt  in  the  House  of  Commons, 
and  over  the  design  are  these  words :  — 

"  Save,  oh,  save  my  country ! 
My  father's  dying  words  I  never  can  forget !  " 

C.  L. 

DOMESDAY  AND  ITS  DIFFICULTIES.  —  It  is  to  be 
hoped  that  the  publication  of  the  photozincogra- 
phical  copies  of  the  Domesday  Book  will  lead  to 
a  more  thorough  and  correct  knowledge  of  that 
most  interesting  and  valuable  document.  For  it 
must  be  confessed  that,  notwithstanding  the  light 
thrown  upon  its  contents  by  Sir  H.  Ellis's  learned 
Introduction,  very  much  remains  to  be  learnt  re- 
specting the  precise  meaning  of  the  entries  in 
that  Survey.  To  take  a  common  instance :  What 
is  the  exact  signification  of  such  an  entry  as  the 
following?  - — 

'  51.  In  W — nt  E-  iii.  car*  tres  ad  gld.  Tfa  viii.  car'.  Ibi 
ht  Rog».  i.  car.  in  dnio.  -j  xxii.  socti  de  xii.  bou*  hui9  tre 
"j  xxiiii.  uili  ~j  viii  boril  hntes  xxii  car8  ~j  vii.  acs  pti  &  • — 
"  T.  R.  E.  ua'  viii.  lib.  m°  vii." 

As  far  as  relates  to  the  mere  translation  of  the 
words,  of  course  there  is  no  difficulty  ;  but  what 
are  we  to  understand  them  as  implying  ? 

1.  We  are  informed  that  there  was  a  manor 
with  its  name. 

2.  Next,  the  name  of  the  Saxon  proprietor  and 
;he  amount  to  which  he   was   rated,  viz.   three 
carrucates. 

3.  What  the  actual  capacity  of  the  manor  was,  viz. 
sufficient  to  find  employment  for  eight  ploughs. 

4.  The  name  of  the  Norman  owner;  that  he 


110 


NOTES  AKD  QUERIES. 


*  S.  IV.  AUG.  8,  '63. 


had  one  plough  in  demesne,  and  twenty-two  sock- 
men  upon  twelve  ox  gangs  of  his  land;  and  be- 
sides twenty-four  villans  and  eight  boors,  having 
twenty-two  ploughs,  &c.  So  that  here  we  have 
upon  the  manor  twenty-three  ploughs,  while  its 
capacity  is  set  down  as  being  only  sufficient  for 
eight  ploughs. 

Are  we  to  understand,  then,  that  the  eight 
ploughs  relates  to  the  Saxon  period ;  and  that  a 
much  larger  breadth  of  land  had  been  brought 
into  cultivation  under  the  Normans  ?  Against 
this  supposition,  the  depreciated  value  of  the  land 
since  the  Confessor's  time  seems  to  militate. 

If  any  of  your  learned  correspondents  can  kindly 
solve  this  difficulty,  he  would  greatly  oblige 

INVESTIGATOR. 

"  DUBLIN  UNIVERSITY  REVIEW."  —  I  have  four 
numbers  of  a  quarterly  periodical,  entitled  The 
Dublin  University  Review,  and  published  in  Dub- 
lin in  1833.  Did  any  more  numbers  appear,  and 
who  was  the  editor  ?  The  Dublin  University  Ma- 
gazine, which  was  started  in  the  same  year,  has 
proved  move  successful.  ABHBA. 

FAST. — When  did  fast—  quick  come  into  use? 
The  dictionaries,  as  late  as  the  end  of  the  seven- 
teenth century,  do  not  contain  it.  They  have 
"festinity"  and  "  festination "  from  festino  =  L 
hasten.  *  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

Glasgow. 

"TiiE  INTREPID  MAGAZINE."  —  This  magazine 
was  published  by  Ridgway  in  1784.  The  first 
number,  which  describes  it  as  being  edited  by  the 
Rev.  William  Hamilton,  M.A.,  is  embellished  with 
a  frontispiece  containing  a  portrait  of  Pharaoh ; 
i.  e.  George  III.  The  second  number  was  not  pub- 
lished for  some  months  after  the  first,  and  bears 
the  date  of  1785  on  its  title.  Who  was  the  editor, 
and  were  more  than  two  numbers  of  it  ever  pub- 
lished? T.  J. 

ROBERT  JOHNSON'S  "  RELATIONS."  —  I  have  an 
old  book,  perfect  except  the  lower  half  of  the 
title-page,  entitled  — 

"  An  Historical  Description  of  the  most  famous  King- 
domes  and  Comraon-weales  in  the  World  .  .  .  Trans- 
lated into  English  and  enlarged,"  &c. 

It  contains  a  dedication  to  Edward,  fourth  Earl 
of  Worcester,  Master  of  the  Horse  to  Queen  Eliza- 
beth and  King  James,  signed  with  the  initials 
which  I  should  have  read  R.  L.,  but  which  may 
possibly  be  R.  J.  It  is  a  small  4to,  and  contains 
268  pages.  At  p.  237  is  "  Another  relation  of  the 
state  of  Spaine,  later  than  the  former,  written  in 
the  yeare  of  our  Lorde  God  1595,  by  Sin.  Fran- 
cisco Vendramino,  Embassadour  from  the  state  of 
Venice,  to  his  Catholike  maiestie." 

Is  this  the  first  edition  (1603)  of  Relations  of 
the  most  famous  Kingdoms  and  Commonwealths 
through  the  World,  by  Robert  Johnson,  in  Bolm's 


Lowndes  ?    If  so,  by  whom  and  in  what  language 
was  it  originally  written  ? 

There  is  a  book  resembling  it  in  title  mentioned 
by  Watt  as  written  in  1598  by  Gabriel  Chappuys. 
Was  this  the  original  ?  It  is  evidently  a  transla- 
tion, though  in  places  altered  to  suit  its  adopted 
country,  and  speaks  (at  p.  20)  of  England  and 
Scotland  as  separate  kingdoms.  J.  H.  S. 

"  LETTERS  ON  LITERATURE." — Who  was  "  Pho- 
tius,  Junior,"  the  author  of  Letters  on  Literature 
(2  vols.  Brussels,  1836)  ?  ABHBA. 

NOTES  OF  SERMONS,  1754-5.  —  There  is  in 
my  possession  a  MS.  8vo.  volume  of  491  pages, 
containing  very  copious  notes  of  ninety-seven 
sermons,  which  were  preached  in  Dublin  in  1754-5, 
by  ministers  apparently  of  ability  and  repute. 
Messrs.  Bolton,  Gibbon,  Mun,  James  North,  John- 
ston (Liverpool),  Kilburn  (Plunket  Street,  Dub- 
lin), Patten  (do.),  Bruce  (Wood  Street,  Dublin), 
Weld  (Eustace  Street,  do.),  and  Drs.  Duchal 
(Wood  Street,  do.),  and  Lawson  ("  Bride's 
church "),  were  the  preachers ;  and  I  shall  be 
glad  to  know  who  they  were,  and  a  few  particu- 
lars respecting  them. 

Dr.  Lawson,  if  I  mistake  not,  was  at  the  time 
Professor  of  Divinity  in  Trinity  College,  Dublin, 
and  is  still  remembered  as  the  author  of  a  volume 
entitled  Lectures  concerning  Oratory  (3rd  edition, 
Dublin,  1760),  which,  according  to  Kett,  "  merits 
the  particular  attention  of  every  young  clergy- 
man." He  died,  as  stated  in  the  Dublin  Univer- 
sity Calendar  for  the  present  year,  p.  267,  on  the 
9th  January,  1759.  ABHBA. 

PIKE  OF  MARTIN.  —  In  the  Wiltshire  Archaeolo- 
gical Magazine,  vol.  ii.,  is  a  valuable  essay  by  the 
late  Mr.  Carrington  on  the  Heralds'  Visitations  of 
Wiltshire  ;  and  among  the  names  included  in  the 
Visitation  of  1623  is  "Pike  of  Martin."  Can  you 
describe  the  arms  and  crest  of  this  family  ?  J.  P. 

THE  PRIMROSE.  —  In  some  parts  of  Germany 
the  primrose  is  called  Fraucnschlussel,  Our  Lady's 
Key.  What  is  the  origin  or  meaning  of  the  term  ? 
Grimm  suggests  one  meaning — because  it  "un- 
locks" the  spring,  blooming  as  one  of  the  first 
vernal  flowers.  Can  any  of  your  correspondents 
suggest  another  reason  ?  J.  DALTON. 

REGIOMONTANUS.  —  In  all  the  Encyclopaedias, 
including  the  English  Cyclopaedia,  there  is  an  as- 
sertion that  the  name  of  Jlegiomontanus  was  Mul- 
ler.  Now  I  do  not  believe  that  this  was  the  fact, 
and  I  should  be  glad  of  any  reference  to  contem- 
porary authority  in  support  of  the  assertion.  His 
father  was  a  miller,  and  might  be  so-called ;  but 
this  proves  nothing,  for  Mons.  E.  Salverte,  in  his 
History  of  Surnames,  asserts  that  hereditary  names 
were  not  then  in  common  use  in  Germany.  He 
calls  himself  "  Maister  Johannes  Kynsperger  ein 


*a  S.  IV.  Ace.  8,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Ill 


Astronomicus  des   Pabsfc  und   des   Keysers  und 
Kunigs  von  Ungerfi."  WM.  DAVIS. 

THE  SACRIFICE  OF  ISAAC.  —  The  late  Professor 
Blunt,  in  his  admirable  work  on  the  Undesigned 
Coincidences  of  the  Old  and  New  Testaments,  p.  27 
(3rd  ed.  1850),  has  the  following  remark  :  — 

"  I  might  tell  of  the  sacrifice  of  Isaac,  though  not  alto- 
gether after  him,  whose  vision  upon  this  subject,  always 
bright,  though  often  baseless,  would  alone  have  immor- 
talised his  name." 

To  whom  does  Professor  Blunt,  here  refer  ? 

A.  T.  L. 

OBSCURE  SCOTTISH  SAINTS. — St.  Eurit,  or  St. 
Urit.  —  I  know  only  of  one  instance  in  which 
this  name  occurs,  and  it  is  given  to  a  fine  spring, 
in  a  lonely  spot,  on  the  north  bank  of  the  river 
South  Esk,  near  Brechin  Castle,  Forfarshire.  It 
is  about  a  mile  distant  from  any  known  place  of 
worship,  old  or  new. 

St.  Brooch.— The  rector  of  the  church  of  the 
island  of  St.  Braoch  is,  so  far  as  I  am  aware,  only 
mentioned  in  a  charter  of  King  Robert  the  Bruce, 
printed  by  the  Bannatyne  Club,  in  Reg.  Vet.  de 
Aberbrothoc,  and  the  island  of  St.  Braoch,  now 
called  Inchbrayock,  is  in  the  middle  of  the  river 
South  Esk,  near  Moutrose. 

Stob. — In  many  parts  of  Scotland  —  Highland 
and  Lowland  —  I  find  the  name  of  "Stob  "  given 
to  fairs,  crosses,  and  wells.  Near  the  old  town  of 
Markincb,  Fife,  a  much  effaced  sculptured  stone 
stands  upon  a  hillock  or  knoll,  and  is  called 
"  Stob's  Cross."  "  Stob's  Fair"  is  held  near 
Dundee,  Forfarshire.  I  am  inclined  to  think  that 
it  is  the  corruption  of  the  name  of  some  old  saint, 
but  cannot  guess  of  what  name. 

Ronald  or  Ranald. — An  old  riven  bell,  or  skel- 
lach,  at  the  church  of  Birnie,  Morayshire,  com- 
posed of  two  pieces  of  black  sheet  iron,  is  called 
"  the  Ronald,"  or  "  Ranald  Bell."  A  place  called 
"Ranald's  "  or  "Ronald's  Cross,"  is  upon  a  rising 
ground,  near  Fochabers,  in  the  same  province. 

" Rume"  or  ".Rome's  Cross,"  is  the  name  of  a 
hillock  or  knoll,  now  within  Lord  Southesk's  deer 
park  at  Kinnaird  Castle,  Forfarshire,  and  about 
a  mile  N.  of  the  parish  church  of  Farnell,  where 
an  old  sculptured  stone  was  found  some  time  ago, 
with  a  fine  interlaced  cross,  and  other  embellish- 
ments. 

St.  Arland,  or  St.  Orland,  is  the  name  given  to 
a  fine  sculptured  obelisk  at  Cossins,  Forfarshire, 
near  Glamis  Castle. 

Sinavee,  or  Sinavey.  —  A  copious  spring  near 
the  old  kirk  of  Mains,  Forfarshire,  bears  this 
name. 

Information  regarding  the  origin  and  history  of 
any  of  the  above  names  or  saints  will  much  oblige. 
I  am  acquainted  with  the  notices  of  SS.  Braoch 
and  Arland,  and  of  Rume's  Cross,  which  are  con- 
tained in  the  Proceedings  of  the  Society  of  Anti~ 


quaries  of  Scotland,  and  in  the  Sculptured  Stones 
of  Scotland,  published  by  the  Spalding  Club  ;  also 
with  the  notices  which  have  appeared  in  recently 
published  books  on  the  history  of  the  district  in 
which  they  are  situated.  A.  J. 

ST.  DIGGLE. — A  tower  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Dover,  and  not  far  from  St.  Radegund's  Abbey, 
is  known  by  the  name  of  St.  Diggle's  Tower,  and 
is  sometimes  called  St.  Diggle's  Folly.  As  I  have 
never  met  with  this  saint^in  any  other  locality, 
I  should  feel  obliged  if  your  correspondents  would 
tell  me  something  about  his  history,  and  the 
grounds  of  his  canonisation.  Qy.  Was  he  in  any 
way  connected  with  the  above  sainted  lady,  the 
ruins  of  whose  abbey  are  the  objects  of  so  much 
interest  ?  Q  ? 

SERIOUS  AND  COMICAL  ESSAYS.  —  Can  any 
reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  inform  me  who  was  the 
author  of  Serious  and  Comical  Essays,  London, 
J.King,  1710?  B.  M. 

THOMAS  SIMON. — In  the  2nd  edition  of  Vertue's 
work  on  the  Medals  of  Thomas  Simon,  published 
in  1780,  there  is  at  p.  67*,  in  the  part  added  ap- 
parently by  the  editor,  whom  I  believe  to  have 
been  Gough,  the  following  passage :  — 

"  Mr.  Raymond  also  favoured  me  with  the  sight  of  a. 
book  on  vellum,  signed  'Thomas  SimoV  in  the  first 
leaf,  containing  twenty-five  heads  in  pencil  and  ink, 
beautifully  drawn,  and  probablv  from  the  life  for  me- 
dals." 

Who  was  Mr.  Raymond  ?  What  has  become 
of  Thomas  Simon's  book  on  vellum. 

P.  S.  CAREY. 

THETA.  —  Is  the  letter  theta  found  upon  any 
and  what  British  coins  ?  C. 

SEALS. — What  is  the  earliest  instance  in  Franco- 
Gallic  deeds  and  instruments  of  a  seal  being  used  ? 

C. 


QUEEN  ELIZABETH.  — Who  is  the  author  of  the 
following  tract,  and  where  can  I  find  an  account 
of  it?  — 

"  The  Discoverie  of  a  Gaping  Gulf,  whereinto  England 
is  like  to  be  swallowed  by  an  other  French  mariage,  if 
the  Lord  forbid  not  the  banes,  by  letting  her  Maiestie  see 
the  sin  and  punishment  thereof.  Anno.  1579." 

No  place  or  printer's  name  on  title.  From  the 
appearance  of  the  type,  I  should  infer  it  was  printed 
abroad.  W.  G. 

[Mr.  Douce  has  a  manuscript  of  this  tract,  supposed  to 
be  the  autograph  cop}'  (MS.  Douce,  No.  2.59).  It  is  dated 
August,  1579,  with  the  following  note  prefixed :  "  This  is 
the  original  MS.  of  that  book  which  was  written  and 
published  by  John  Stubbe,  of  Lincoln's  Inn,  and  which 
was  dispersed  by  Page,  being  printed  by  Singleton. 
Queen  Elizabeth,  incensed  at  it  aa  puritanical  (Stubbe's 


112 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


"i  S.  IV.  AUG.  8,  '03. 


sister  having  married  Thomas  Carlwright,  the  father  of 
the  Puritans),  prosecuted  Stubbe  and  Page,  upon  a  sta- 
tute made  in  the  reign  of  Philip  and  Mary  against  writ- 
ing and  dispersing  seditious  libels ;  and  though  the  ablest 
judges  and  lawyers  were  not  satisfied  as  to  the  force  of 
'that  statute,  yet  were  Stubbe's  and  Page's  right  hands 
both  cut  off  with  a  butcher's  knife  and  a  mallet  in  the 
market-place  at  Westminster.  This  marriage  with  the 
Duke  of  Anjou  was  strenuously  pushed  on  by  the  Queen- 
mother  of  France,  upon  a  superstitious  notion  she  had 
imbibed,  that  all  her  sons  should  be  kings ;  and  the  Queen 
(by  her  conduct)  was  inclinable  enough  to  it,  though, 
upon  the  change  of  the  face  of  affairs  abroad,  she  ap- 
peared so  much  mistress  of  herself  to  the  last,  as  to  dis- 
engage herself  from  it ;  so  that  this  author's  prayers  were 
beard,  though  he  suffered  for  pressing  them  with  zeal 
and  fervour."  At  the  end  of  the  MS.  is  the  following 
passage,  which  is  omitted  in  the  printed  tract :  "  Thus 
endeth  the  discovery  of  the  Gaping  Gulfe,  scene  in  a 
dreame,  allowed  in  a  traunce,  published  by  the  autority 
of  feareful  douting,  and  rewarded  with  a  common  hyre 
to  proffered  servitours.  Non  credo."  The  publication  of 
this  work  no  doubt  greatly  incensed  the  Queen  and  her 
ministers;  but,  as  Mr.  Hallam  remarks  {Constitutional 
Hist.,  i.  227) :  "  This  pamphlet  is  very  far  from  being, 
what  some  have  ignorantty  or  unjustly  called  it,  a  viru- 
lent libel ;  but  is  written  in  a  sensible  manner,  and  with 
unfeigned  loyalty  and  affection  towards  the  Queen.  But, 
besides  the  main  offence  of  addressing  the  people  on  state 
affairs,  he  had,  in  the  simplicity  of  his  heart,  thrown  out 
many  allusions  proper  to  hurt  her  pride :  such  as  dwel- 
ling too  long  on  the  influence  her  husband  would  acquire 
over  her,  and  imploring  her  that  she  would  ask  her  phy- 
sicians whether 'to  bear  children  at  her  years  would  not 
be  highly  dangerous  to  her  life."  In  Park's  edition  of 
Harington's  Nugai  Antiques,  i.  143 — 165,  will  be  found 
much  curious  matter  respecting  this  work;  and  for  a 
most  carefully  written  biographical  sketch  of  John  Stubbe, 
see  Cooper's  Athena  Cantabrlgienses,  ii.  111.} 

YORKSHIRE  POETS.  —  1.  John  Smith,  author  of 
Cytherea,  or  the  Enamouring  Girdle,  a  nenr 
comedy  licensed  by  Sir  Roger  L'Estrange,  May 
30,  1677;  and  published  in  London,  1677.  2.  John 
Ashmore,  author  of  Certain  selected  Odes  of 
Horace,  published,  4to,  1621  ;  and  Epigrammes, 
Epitaphes,  Anugrammes,  &c.,  1621.  Any  inform- 
ation  as  to  birthplaces  and  biographies  of  the 
above-named  authors,  is  requested  by 

EDWABD  HAILSTONE. 

Horton  Hall,  Bradford. 

[John  Smith,  of  Snenton  in  Yorkshire,  Gent,  so  he 
writes  himself  in  the  title-page  of  Cytherea,  or  the  Enam- 
ouring Girdle,  a  New  Comedy,  4to,  1677,  conscious,  no 
doubt,  that  the  simple  John  Smith  was  in  England  no 
name  at  all.  It  is  dedicated  to  the  Northern  Gentry, 
from  which  we  learn  that  it  had  never  been  performed ; 
but  that  he  had  been  informed  that  "one  of  the  best 
comical  poets  in  London  (whose  judgment  is  without 
exception)  did  approve  of  it,  and  seriously  presented  it  to 
the  plaj'ers  as  worthy  to  be  acted ;  but  they  were  un- 
willing, because  (as  they  said)  it  was  not  writ  in  so  plain 
familiar  words  as  the  taking  comedies  of  the  time,  which 
did  hit  the  present  humours  of  the  city  better  than  mine." 
Another  objection  was  "  the  expense  in  contriving  scenes 
and  machines  to  their  great  loss."  But,  he  adds,  "  the 
main  objection  was,  that  the  Scene  being  laid  at  the  city 
of  York,  I  make  some  persons  in  the  play  speak  higher 
language  than  may  rationally  be  expected  from  Northern 


men  and  women!  "  No  compliment  this  to  our  Yorkshire 
friends.  At  page  52  of  the  play,  it  is  said  that  the  part 
of  Oblivio  was  intended  for  Mr.  Underbill. 

Snenton,  or  Sneaton,  is  in  Pickering  Lvthe,  N.  E. 
Smith  was  living  there  at  the  time  of  Dugdale's  Visitation, 
1665,  and  then  aged  fifty  three ;  so  that  he  was  sixty-five 
when  he  ve 
gret  to  add, 

was  of  the  same  pla  , 
councillor  at  law,  who  resided  at  Durham.  His  mother 
was  Helen,  daughter  of  Francis  Saver  of  Worsall.  John 
Smith,  the  dramatist,  married  Catherine,  daughter  of 
Christopher  Green,  citizen  of  London ;  and  he  had  a  son 
named  Henry,  aged  eleven  at  the  time  of  the  Visitation, 
and  three  daughters,  Catherine,  Helen,  and  Anne,  of 
whom  Catherine  was  then  married  to  William  Fairfax  of 
Furnival's  Inn.  To  complete  the  view  of  the  family  con- 
nections of  this  obscure  Yorkshire  poet,  he  had  three 
brothers,  James  of  Cave,  Ralph  of  Cottingham,  and  Fran- 
cis of  Ruston ;  and  four  sisters,  Anne  and  Catherine,  to 
whom  no  marriages  are  given ;  Helen,  who  married 
William  Hunter;  and  Sarah,  the  wife  of  John  Sare  of 
Rudby.  The  will  of  John  Smith,  the  poet,  is  dated  1st 
June,  1681. 

Of  John  Ashmore,  the  translator' of  Certain  Selected 
Odes  of  Horace,  4to,  1621,  nothing  appears  to  be  known 
of  his  personal  history.  His  work  is  noticed  in  the  Gen- 
sura  Literaria,  ii.  411,  ed.  1815;  Corser's  Anglo- Poetica, 
i.  66 ;  and  Bib.  Anglo- Poetica,  No.  890.  It  is  clear  that 
John  Ashmore  must  have  lived  at  Ripon  or  in  its  neighbour- 
hood, by  the  names  of  the  persons  to  whom  many  of  his 
poems  are  addressed.  It  is  dedicated  to  Sir  George  Cal- 
vert,  a  Yorkshire  man,  born  at  Kiplin  near  Richmond, 
who  in  1624  was  created  Lord  Baltimore.  There  are 
Commendatory  Verses  signed  G.  S.  [George  Sandys?]; 
John  Owen,  most  likely  the  author  of  the  Epigrams; 
Samuel  Pulleine,  no  doubt  he  who  was  afterwards  Arch- 
bishop of  Tuam,  and  who  was  born  at  Ripley  near  Ripon. 
It  is  probable  some  few  particulars  may  be  gleaned  of 
the  life  of  the  author  from  a  perusal  of  his  work  for  that 
express  purpose ;  also  something  may  be  gathered  con- 
cerning the  persons  to  whom  his  poems  are  addressed. 
We  learn  from  the  following  lines  that  at  one  time  he 
was  not  in  very  comfortable  circumstances :  — 

"  De  Seipso. 

"  Surety,  what's  that?     I  to  my  loss  have  try'd, 
Who  for  another's  debt  too  Sure  am  Tyed. 
If  this  I  had  etymologized  before, 
I  never  had  been  shut  within  this  door." 
There  is  a  short  notice  of  this  poet  in  the  Richmond  and 
Ripon  Chronicle  of  August  1,  1863.] 

PASSOVEE.  —  Who  was  the  first  English  -writer 
that  introduced  this  word  ?  What  other  could 
possibly  convey  to  us  the  occasion  to  which  it 
refers  ?  QUERIST. 

[Before  the  term  passover  came  into  use,  we  find  older 
writers  employing  the  words  pask,  pascli,  phase,  or  paske. 
Thus  in  Exodus  xii.  11  and  21,  where  our  Authorised 
Version  has  "passover,"  we  find  in  the  Wiclif  Bible 
"phase,"  and"offre  ^e  pashe."  See  also  Luke  xxii.  15; 
1  Cor.  v.  7,  &c.  Paske  is  originally  from  the  Heb. 
pesakh  (transire). 

Any  attempt  to  name  the  first  writer  who  used  the 
term  passover  would  be  hazardous.  Something,  however, 
may  be  done  towards  tracing  the  gradual  formation  of 
the  word,  though  we  cannot  pretend  to  give  every  step. 
Where,  in  our  received  version,  we  find  the  words :  "  I 
will  pass  over  you"  (Exodus  xii.  13),  the  Wiclif  version 


S.  IV.  AUG.  8,  '03.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


113 


has  overpass:  "Y  shal  ouerpasse  sow."  This  may  be 
considered  the  first  step.  Then,  in  Coverdale  (1535),  we 
find:  "  Kyll  passeouer"  (Exodus  xii.  21).  And  again, 
in  Parker's  Bible  (15G8),  "it  is  the  sacrifice  of  the  Lordes 
passoiio:" 

It  is  worthy  of  observation  that,  in  the  older  Dutch 
Bible  (that  of  1562,  translated  from  Luther's),  we  find, 
"Het  is  het  Passah  offer  des  Herren"  (Exodus  xii.  27), 
which,  in  the  national  Dutch  Bible  of  1663  becomes, 
"Dit  is  den  Heere  een  Putsch- offer."  The  affinity,  how- 
ever, of  the  Dutch  Passah  offer  and  Paesch-offer  to  our 
own  passover,  is  more  apparent  than  real  —  the  Dutch 
words  signifying  paschal  sacrifice,  or  paschal  victim.  The 
case  is  much  the  same  as  in  respect  to  Ger.  IVassersc/ieide 
and  Eng.  watershed,  in  which  geographers  have  recently 
discovered  a  difference  in  meaning.] 

WILLIAM  BILLTNG.  —  There  is  a  well-known 
epitaph  at  MeU'ose  (on  the  gravestone  of  James 
Ramsay,  who  died  in  1761),  commencing :  — 

"  The  earth  goeth  on  the  earth  glistering  like  gold." 

It  is  adapted,  apparently,  from  lines  written  by 
William  Billyng,  to  be  found  in  a  volume  pub- 
lished by  James  Montgomery.  Who  was  Bil- 
lyng?  *C. 

[There  have  been  frequent  inquiries  after  this  early 
poet;  but  nothing  is  known  of  his  personal  history.  His 
curious  poem,  formerly  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  William 
Yates  of  Manchester,  was  printed  at  the  expense  of  Wil- 
liam Bateman,  Esq.  of  Darley,  near  Matlock,  the  impres- 
sion being  limited  to  forty  copies  only  for  private  distri- 
bution. It  is  entitled  The  Five  Wounds  of  Christ.  A 
Poem.  From  an  ancient  Parchment  Roll.  By  William 
Billyng,  4to.  Black  letter.  Manchester :  Printed  by  R. 
and  W.  Dean.  1814.  The  Advertisement  states  that 
"the  following  theological  poem,  with  fac-similes,  is 
printed  from  a  finely  written  and  illuminated  parchment 
roll,  in  perfect  preservation,  about  two  yards  and  three 
quarters  in  length.  It  is  without  date,  but  by  comparing 
it  with  other  poetry,  it  appears  to  have  been  written 
early  in  the  fifteenth  century.  The  illuminations  and  or- 
naments with  which  it  is  decorated  correspond  with 
those  of  missals  written  about  the  reign  of  Henry  V. ;  the 
style  may  therefore  fix  its  date  between  the  years  1400 
and  1430.  The  author  gives  his  name  and  mark  at  the 
bottom  of  the  roll  —  William  Billyng,  probably  a  monk." 
A  copy  of  this  work  fetched  at  Midgley's  sale  31.  5s.] 

LADY  ELIZABETH  LEE.  —  I  should  be  obliged 
greatly  if  any  of  your  numerous  correspondents 
could  inform  me  into  what  family  of  the  Broons 
Charles  II.' s  granddaughter,  Lady  Elizabeth  Lee, 
married  ?  In  Burke's  Dormant  Peerage  I  find  : — 

"Lady  Elizabeth  Lee,  daughter  of  Edward,  1st  Earl  of 
Litchfield,  by  his  wife  Charlotte  Fitzroy  (natural  daugh- 
ter of  the  Duchess  of  Cleveland  and  King  Charles  II.), 
married,  first,  her  cousin  Col.  Lee ;  and  secondly  George, 
son  of  Sir  George  Broon,  Bart." 

If  any  of  your  readers  can  answer  this  question, 
and  furthermore  state  where,  and  in  what  year 
such  marriage  was  performed,  they  will  clear  up  a 
doubt  in  the  mind  of  GEORGE  LEE. 

[Here  is  clearly  some  error.  Lady  Elizabeth  Lee,  the 
daughter  of  Edward,  the  first  Earl  of"  Litchfield,  was  wife 
of  Dr.  Edward  Young,  the  poet.  (Collins's  Peerage,  by 
Brydges,  ix.  403.)  Dr.  Doran  also,  in  his  Life  of  Dr. 
Young,  vol.  i.  p.  li.,  states  that,  "In  May,  1731,  or,  ac- 


cording to  Croft,  in  April,  1782,  Young  married  the  Lady 
Elizabeth  Lee,  daughter  of  the  Earl  of  Lichfield,  and 
widow  of  Colonel  Lee."] 

QUOTATIONS.— Can  you  inform  nie  where  I  shall 
find  the  following  familiar  quotations  ?  — 

1.  "  Strike  but  hear." 

2,  "  A  niche  in  the  temple  of  Fame." 

SIGMA. 

[1.  "Eurybiades,  lifting  up  his  staff,  as  if  he  intended 
to  strike  him,  Themistocles  said,  '  Strike,  if  you  please, 
but  hear  me ! '  " — Plutarch's  Life  of  Themistocles,  cap.  xi. 

2.  The  phrase,  "  A  niche  in  the  temple  of  Fame,"  ap- 
parently owes  its  origin  to  the  French  Panthe'on,  which, 
though  originally  a  church,  was  made  in  1791  by  a  de- 
cree of  the  National  Assembly,  a  receptacle  for  the  re- 
mains of  illustrious  Frenchmen.  Hence  the  figurative 
phrase,  "  Sa  place  est  marquee  dans  le  pantheon  de  I'his- 
toire,"  which  is  nearly  equivalent  to  our  own  expression, 
"  He  has  secured  a  niche  in  the  temple  of  Fame."  The 
practice  of  placing  statues  in  niches  also,  though  by  no 
means  confined  to  France,  is  eminently  French.  "Les 
e'lcgantes  niches  de  l'H6tel-de-Ville  out  dejjl  re$u  en 
grande  partie  les  statues  des  personnages  celebres  qu'elles 
doivent  abritsr." — Encyc.  des  Gens  du  Monde,  1843.] 


JACOB'S  STAFF. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  70.) 

The  Jacob's  staff"  &n<i  the  astrolabe  are  two  per- 
fectly different  instruments,  though  used  for  the 
same  purposes.  The  staff  was  an  old  instrument 
in  the  fifteenth  century  :  the  astrolabe  was  an  in- 
troduction from  the  East  in,  perhaps,  the  four- 
teenth century.  The  poet  Chaucer,  who  died  in 
1400,  wrote  on  the  astrolabe :  and  his  work  is 
extant.  I  suspect  that  the  users  of  the  astro- 
labe, quadrant,  or  any  circular  instrument,  were 
for  a  time  the  scientific  navigators,  as  opposed  to 
the  old  hands  who  did  not  get  beyond  the  staff. 
It  is  for  those  who  come  much  in  the  way  of 
early  voyages  and  travels  to  inquire  whether,  when 
the  navigator  is  represented  as  holding  a  circular 
instrument,  it  be  not  intended  to  symbolise  him 
as  one  of  the  higher  sort.  Columbus,  for  instance, 
just  at  the  period  when  I  conjecture  that  the  dis- 
tinction was  made,  stands  on  the  quarter-deck 
with  a  quadrant  big  enough  to  sink  the  ship. 
The  symbolism  of  portraits  is  a  branch  of  study 
by  itself:  and  is  often  detective.  University  Col- 
lege possesses  an  oil  picture  of  a  man  who  holds 
a  glove  to  his  heart :  it  was  given  as  the  portrait 
of  Harvey,  the  circulator  of  our  blood  ;  and  there 
is  fair  tradition,  and  agreement  with  some  of  the 
other  portraits,  as  evidence  for  its  genuiness.  But 
tradition  and  likeness  are  very  much  helped  by  its 
being  since  made  known  that  Harvey  used  to 
illustrate  the  action  of  the  heart  in  his  public  lec- 
tures by  inflating  a  glove. 

The  word  astrolabe,  though  Greek,  comes  to  us 


114 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


g.  IV.  Acd.  8,  '63. 


through  Arabic  :  usturldb  is  the  English  orthogra- 
phy given  to  the  Arabic  word.  The  instrument 
has  lately  had  a  very  full  consideration  from  an 
excellent  Oriental  scholar,  my  friend  the  late 
Wm.  H.  Morley :  but  a  mammoth  folio  (27  inches 
by  20  when  uncut)  is  not  for  general  circulation. 
The  title  is  — 

"  Description  of  a  planispheric  astrolabe,  constructed 
for  Shah  Sultan  Husain  Safawi,  King  of  Persia,  and  now 
preserved  in  the  British  Museum ;  comprising  an  account 
of  the  astrolabe  generally,  with  notes  illustrative  and  ex- 
planatory :  to  which  are  added,  concise  notices  of  twelve 
other  astrolabes,  Eastern  and  European,  hitherto  unde- 
seribed.  By  William  H.  Morley.  London :  Williams  & 
Norgate,  1856." 

The  size  of  the  work  is  necessitated  by  the 
plates,  which  are  fac-simile  copies,  by  the  anasta- 
tic process,  of  the  very  instruments  they  repre- 
sent, even  to  the  accidental  scratches  of  wear  and 
tear. 

The  Jacob's  stajfis  the  radius  astronomicus,  the 
baculus  Jacobi,  the  cross-staff"  (a  name  applied  in 
modern  time  to  another  instrument),  the  forestaff, 
the  ballastell,  ballastella,  or  bella  stella  (Spanish), 
&c.  &c.  It  consists  of  a  long  and  a  short  ruler ; 
the  short  ruler  rides  at  right  angles  upon  the 
long  one,  which  perforates  the  middle  of  it.  If 
the  long  ruler  be  graduated  with  equal  divisions, 
heights  and  distances  may  be  obtained  by  the 
rule  of  three :  if  the  long  ruler  be  made  to  carry 
a  scale  of  cotangents,  angles  may  be  taken  directly 
from  the  instrument.  Both  graduations  were 
used. 

The  earliest  printed  description  appears  to  be 
that  in  the  notes  to  Werner's  Latin  Version  of 
Ptolemy's  Geography,  said  to  be  of  1514.  Peter 
Apian  reprinted  the  first  book  of  this  version  in 
1533  (Ingolstadt,  fol.),  with  additional  notes  of 
his  own.  He  says  that  this  instrument,  vetiis  in- 
ventum,  had  been  of  two  kinds  lip  to  his  own  time  ; 
which  two  kinds  he  had  joined  in  one.  This 
refers  to  the  two  modes  of  graduation  of  the  long 
ruler.  Gemma  Frisius,  De  Radio  Astronomico, 
Antwerp,  1545,  gave  a  full  account;  and  in  Scho- 
ner's  Op.  Math.,  Nuremberg,  1561,  there  is  abrief 
account.  Mentions,  some  amounting  to  descrip- 
tions of  structure  and  use,  will  be  found  in  Blun- 
devile's  Exercises;  Digges's  Al(R  sen  Scales; 
Ramus's  Geometria,  or  BedwelPs  translation  ; 
Hood  on  the  cross-staff  (1596) ;  Digges's  Tecto- 
nicon;  Bourne's  Treasure  for  Travailers,  and  also 
his  Regiment  of  the  Sea;  Hopton's  Baculum  Geo- 
daeticum  ;  Riccioli's  Geographia  Reformata,  &c. 

Now  as  touching  the  name,  Jacob's  staff.  The 
word  theodelite  has  shown  us  that  we  must  expect 
much  license.  The  "  Catholic  explanation  "  at- 
tached to  the  precursor  (we  want  a  word  to  signify 
the  article  on  which  reply  or  comment  is  written), 
namely,  that  the  graduations  resembled  the  steps 
of  Jacob's  ladder,  shows  very  considerable  igno- 
rance of  the  Roman  circumstances,  as  we  shall 


see.  Peter  Ramus  gives  the  name  as  expressive 
of  the  supposition  that  Jacob  invented  it — "  vulgo 
baculus  Jacobi  dicitur,  tanquam  a  sancto  Patri- 
archa  illo  jam  olim  inventus  sit."  He  quotes  two 
uses  of  the  word.' radius  by  Virgil,  in  which  he 
seems  to  think  this  very  instrument  is  alluded  to. 
He  also  makes  Hipparchus  number  the  stars  by 
it,  rem  diis  improbam.  These  words  are  from, 
Pliny;  and  Bedwell, the  translator, gives  aversion 
which  has  been  repeated  in  our  own  time,  non  sine 
risu.  His  translation  is  —  "a  haynous  matter  in 
the  sight  of  God."  The  meaning  of  course  is  that 
the  number  of  the  stars  was  unproved — i.  e.  never 
attempted — by  the  gods  themselves.  To  the  above 
derivation  Hood,  and  others  after  him,  add  the 
following :  — 

"  Schoiler.  Why  doe  they  call  it  Jacob's  staffe?  Was 
he  the  first  inventor  of  the  thing  ? 

"  Maister.  I  know  not  that :  but  they  take  occasion  to 
call  it  so,  by  reason  of  those  words  which  are  written, 
Gen.  xxxii.  10,  where  the  Patriarch  sayth,  That  with  his 
Staffe  he  came  over  Jordane :  Wherein  I  thinke,  they  mis- 
construe his  meaning.  Notwithstanding,  by  whom  soever 
it  was  invented,  the  Instrument  questionlesse  is  of  sin- 
gular use." 

There  are  two  things  which  have  been  treated 
with  injustice.  First,  Jacob's  well:  with  a  few 
steps,  or  courses  of  bricks,  there  would  be  some- 
thing about  it  like  enough  to  graduation  to  allow 
it  to  compete.  Still  more  may  this  be  said  of  the 
rods  in  which  (Gen.  xxx.  37)  the  astute  patriarch 
"  pilled  white  strakes  "  that  he  might  get  a  little 
more  stock  out  of  his  bargain  with  Laban.  These 
may  all  go  together,  as  of  the  valeat  quantillum 
class  :  I  propose  the  following,  which  I  take  to  be 
an  omnino  valebit. 

The  instrument  was  not  merely  a  cross-staff, 
but  a  cross  in  the  common  sense  of  the  word.  In 
Apian's  diagram  the  cross-ruler  is  about,  the  fifth 
part  of  the  staff,  and  something  more  in  all  the 
pictures  of  people  using  it:  so  that  it  looks  ex- 
actly like  the  usual  design  for  the  cross  of  the 
crucifixion.  Now  Jacob's  staff  (Hebrews  xi.  21) 
was  generally  supposed  to  be  a  cross,  and  fre- 
quently represented  as  one.  The  Vulgate  has 
Fide  Jacob,  moriens,  singulos  filiorum  Joseph  benc- 
dixit:  ct  adoravit  fastigium  virgce  ejus :  thellhemish 
has  it — "adored  the  top  of  his  rod."  At  this 
time  it  is  frequent,  on  the  part  of  those  who  must 
follow  the  Vulgate,  to  interpret  the  honour  and 
veneration  as  paid  to  "  the  top  of  the  rod  or 
sceptre  of  Joseph,  as  to  a  figure  of  Christ's  sceptre 
and  kingdom  :  "  but  in  the  sixteenth  century  and 
earlier,  the  vulgar  notion  was  that  Jacob  carried 
a  cross,  an  anticipatory  symbol.  Hence,  I  have 
no  doubt,  the  origin  of  the  name. 

As  this  article  is  occasioned  by  a  misapplication 
of  a  name,  I  add  the  names  of  a  number  of  distinct 
astronomical  instruments :  —  Astrolabium,  Nocti- 
labium,  Quadrans,  Torquetum,  Sphsera,  Trian- 
gulus  geometricus,  Baculus  Jacobi,  Umbraculum 


3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  8,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


115 


visorium,  Virga  geometrica,  Horologium  manuale, 
Cylindrum. 

The  common  architect's  word  transom,  formerly 
also  transame,  is  a  corruption  of  transversorium. 
Both  original  and  corruption  occur  in  the  Latin 
and  English  accounts  of  this  instrument. 

I  add  a  few  words  to  my  derivation  of  theode- 
lite  (3rd  S.  iv.  51).  I  did  not  insist  on  the  great 
range  of  forms  which  mediaeval  spelling  allows, 
because  I  had  no  example  ready  except  the  very 
word  in  question.  My  impression,  derived  from 
all  I  have  read,  is  that  a  word  in  frequent  use 
generally  gains  various  forms,  while  one  of  rarer 
occurrence  remains  steady.  I  found,  since  my 
article  was  printed,  a  remarkable  instance  of  this 
in  the  Astrolabii  Declaratio  of  Jacob  Koebel, 
Paris,  1552,  8vo.  The  central  perforation,  the 
axis  which  traverses  it,  and  the  nut  which  keeps 
it  in,  are  things  which  would  be  little  mentioned, 
except  by  the  makers  :  accordingly,  each  of  them 
has  but  one  name — the  hole  is  almehan,  the  axis 
is  alchitot,  the  nut  is  alphorat.  But  the  ring 
through  which  the  thumb  passes  when  the  astro- 
labe is  to  hang  vertically  would  be  often  men- 
tioned by  those  who  use  the  instrument :  and 
the  name  is  Latinised,  nnd  it  is  sometimes  alan~ 
thica,  sometimes  alphantia,  sometimes  abalhantica. 
Accordingly,  the  travelling  radius,  which  would 
be  more  often  named  than  even  the  ring,  did  not 
exceed  its  rights  in  going  through  alhidada,  athe- 
lida,  and  theodela.  As  to  astrolabe  itself,  the 
Arabic  word  was  seen  to  be  Greek,  and  so  the 
Greek  form  came  into  universal  use.  The  reader 
must  try  to  conjecture  for  himself  what  would 
have  become  of  usturlab,  if  its  true  origin  had  not 
been  noticed.  A.  DE  MORGAN. 

To  fully  comprehend  what  the  inventors  of 
these  names  intended  in  their  formation,  we  must 
take  both  together  as  exponents  of  each  other. 
Jacob's  staff  seems  the  generic  of  what  our  Bible 
translation  gives  as  rods  (Gen.  xxxv.  37),  which, 
by  a  stratagem  suggested  to  him  in  a  dream,  and 
consequently,  according  to  patriarchal  views,  from 
heaven,  gained  him  the  best  and  finest  of  the 
flocks  of  Laban,  his  father-in-law.  As  the  astro- 
labe had  its  derivation  from  the  Greek  aa-rpo  and 
\afa,  taking  the  stars,  the  inventor  of  the  theodo- 
lite thought  he  could  do  no  less  than  seek  in  that 
language  for  some  equivalent  for  Jacob's  staff*; 
and  from  6tov  and  8g\oy,  God's  counsel,  coined  his 
theodolite.  It  is  from  my  view  of  Jacob's  staff 
that  Shakspeare  so  appropriately  introduces  the 
grasping  crafty  Shy  lock  using  it  as  an  oath  — 
.  ..."  I  swear  by  Jacob's  staff." 

WILLIAM  BELL,  Phil.  Dr. 


The  paper  furnished  by  PROFESSOR  DE  MORGAN 
in  the  18th  of  July  number  of  "  N.  &  Q."  is  sug- 


gestive of  a  few  remarks  on  the  above  subject. 
The  half  dozen  Greek  derivations  recapitulated  by 
the  distinguished  Professor  from  various  sources 
being  admittedly  conjectural,  to  guess  among 
guessers  can  be  no  great  presumption.  And  as 
the  whole  result  is  included  in  ringing  as  many 
changes  on  the  given  syllables  as  invention  has 
suggested,  to  add  to  the  number  one  which  cer- 
tainly satisfies  more  literal  conditions  than  any  of 
those  already  given  may,  it  would  seem,  be  fairly 
permitted. 

My  guess  is,  that  the  word  embodies  three  no- 
tions, expressed  by  6edo/j.ai,  636s,  An-tfc ;  and  that 
the  name  of  the  instrument  implies  "scanner-of- 
exact-  (or  finely  drawn)  lines-of-direction."  The 
recommendations  of  this  derivation  seem  to  con- 
sist in  its  expressing  very  simply  and  plainly  the 
functions  of  the  instrument,  and  in  its  accounting 
for  nine  out  of  the  ten  letters  of  which  the  Eng- 
lish name  consists,  an  approximation  not  reached 
by  any  of  its  predecessors. 

PROFESSOR  DE  MORGAN'S  own  most  ingenious 
theory,  which  would  take  the  word  out  of  the 
sphere  of  Greek  derivation  altogether,  is,  I  ven- 
ture to  think,  little  likely  to  overcome  the  almost 
intuitive  impression  which  the  prima  facie  look  of 
the  word  seems  necessarily  to  produce. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  LL.D. 
Classical  Examiner  to  the  Queen's  Univer- 
sity, and  to  the  Royal  College  of  Sur- 
geons in  Ireland. 
Dublin. 


MAJOR-GENERAL  HEANE. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  48.) 

Whilst  a  captain,  he  was  taken  prisoner  by  the 
king's  forces,  and  confined  in  Portland,  whence  he 
made  his  escape.  On  Dec.  4,  1644,  the  Parlia- 
ment voted  eighty  pounds  to  him,  and  twenty 
pounds  to  the  man  that  procured  his  escape. — 
(Lords  Journals,  vii.  81,  87,  88;  Commons'  Jour- 
nals, iii.  712.) 

He  was  governor  of  Weymouth  for  the  Par- 
liament from  about  Dec.  1647,  till  Oct.  1651, 
when  he  set  out  from  that  port  on  the  expedition 
against  Jersey. — (Hutchins's  Dorset,  ii.  64 ;  Com- 
mons' Journals,  vi.  45,  327,  415.) 

The  Parliament,  on  May  22,  1 650,  ordered  that 
Major  Heane  should  have  a  commission  as  Colonel, 
and  should  be  authorised  to  complete  the  four 
companies  then  under  his  command  into  a  regi- 
ment of  ten  companies,  and  1200  men. — (Com- 
mons' Journals,  vi.  415.) 

For  particulars  of  his  share  in  the  capture  of 
the  island  and  forts  of  Jersey,  and  of  his  conduct 
whilst  in  command  of  Castle  Elizabeth,  see  White- 
lock's  Memorials,  511,  513—515,  517,  518;  Falle's 
Jersey,  2nd  edit.,  110,  seq.;  Commons'  Journals, 
vii.  31,  37,  62,  84 ;  Thurloe's  State  Papers,  iv.  258. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  AUG.  8,  '63. 


The  Parliament,  on  Oct.  SO,  1651,  voted  a  gra- 
tuity of  one  hundred  pounds  to  his  son  William, 
•who  was,  we  presume  the  bearer  of  the  joyful 
news  of  the  capture  of  Jersey,  and  on  Nov.  19 
following,  Colonel  Heane  had  a  vote  of  thanks  for 
his  services. 

The  following  entry  under  date  of  Nov.  1, 1653, 
is  curious :  — 

•"  Mr.  Mayer  reports  from  the  Council  of  State,  that 
there  is  one  Major  Heane,  by  birth  a  Foreigner,  who  hath 
performed  many  eminent  Services  in  the  War  of  Scotland; 
hath  very  great  skill  in  Fortifications,  and  also  Matters 
relating  to  the  Profession  of  an  Engineer ;  and  is  of  very 
great  Use,  at  this  Time,  in  Services  of  that  Nature :  That 
he  is  a  person  eminent  for  Godliness,  and  of  undoubted 
affection  to  this  Commonwealth :  That  the  Parliament 
be  humbly  moved,  from  this  Couacil,  in  Consideration  of 
his  many  good  .Services,  That  Lands,  to  the  Value  of  a 
Hundred  Pounds  per  annum,  in  Scotland,  may  be  settled 
upon  him  and  his  Heirs  for  ever,  as  a  Mark  of  Favour, 
and  Token  of  their  good  acceptance  of  the  Services  done 
by  him  for  this  Commonwealth  ;  and  for  an  Encourage- 
ment for  him  to  settle  himself  and  his  family  in  'this 
Nation. 

"  The  question  being  put,  That  Major  Heane  shall  have 
a  Hundred  Pounds  per  Annum  settled  upon  him  and  his 
Heirs,  he  remaining  here  during  his  Life ; 

"It  passed  in  the  negative." — (Commons'  Journals, 
viii.  343.) 

It  is  difficult  to  determine  whether  the  person 
named  in  the  preceding  entry  is  the  subject  of 
this  notice.  On  the  one  hand  we  know  no  one 
else  to  whom  it  could  apply.  On  the  other  it  is 
singular  that  he  should  be  called  Major  after  the 
Parliament  had  raised  him  to  the  rank  of  Colonel, 
and  that  no  allusion  should  be  made  to  his  eminent 
service  in  the  capture  of  Jersey.  Moreover,  we 
do  not  find  any  notice  of  him  in  Scotland. 

On  Dec.  7,  1654,  the  Protector  issued  a  privy 
seal,  granting  Col.  Venables  and  Col.  Heane  one 
thousand  pounds  by  way  of  imprest. — {Fourth  Re- 
port Dep.  Keeper  of  Records,  Appendix,  ii.  189.) 

By  another  privy  seal,  dated  Feb.  16,  1654-5, 
Col.  Heane  and  his  partners  were  to  receive  two 
hundred  pounds,  the  fifth  part  due  to  them  as  dis- 
coverers of  the  delinquencies  of  Geo.  Pitt,  Esq 
(Ibid.  191.) 

About  this  time  he  was  advanced  to  the  rank  oi 
Major- General,  and  fell  valiantly  fighting  and 
vainly  endeavouring  to  rally  the  troops  in  the  un 
successful  attack  on  Hispaniola,  April  26,  1655 
(Thurloe's  State  Papers,  iii.  4,  506,  689;  Granville 
Penn's  Memorials  of  Sir  Witt.  Penn,  ii.  54,  71 
89-91,  99,  123.) 

On  Oct.  3,  1655,  the  council  of  state  issued  an 
order  to  the  commissioners  of  the  admiralty,  to 
settle  one  hundred  and  fifty  pounds  a  year  on 
Elizabeth  his  widow  (Sainsbury's  Cal.  Colonia 
State  Papers,  431),  and  on  Dec.  29  following  th< 
Protector  granted  her  a  privy  seal  for  four  hun- 
dred pounds.  —  (Fifth  Rep.  Dep.  Keeper  of  Re 
cords,  Append,  ii.  249.) 

No  little  variety  occurs  in  the  orthography  o 


is  name.     He  is  not  infrequently  qalled  Haynes, 
circumstance  calculated  to  occasion  perplexity, 
is  there  was  a  very  noted  major-general  of  that 
lame  at  the  same  period,  viz.  Hezekiah  Haynes, 
nilitary  governor  of  the  eastern  counties,  and  the 
aptor  of  John  Cleveland,  the  loyal  poet.  We  can 
.race  Hezekiah  Haynes,  as  living  in  May,  1659. 
C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 
Cambridge. 


EXCHEQUER:  OR  EXCHECQUER— CHEQUE. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  43.) 

But  a  few  hours  after  reading  MR.  SANA'S 
nteresting  contribution  to  "  N.  &  Q."  I  was  turn- 
ng  over  the  pages  of  Miss  Ytmge's  newly-pub- 
ished  History  of  Christian  Names,  when,  by  a 
curious  coincidence,  I  came  upon  a  passage  which 
oears  upon  the  etymon  of  exchequer,  and  upon 
the  origin  of  that  well-known  inn- sign  the  Che- 
quers :  — 

'  Our  word  '  check,'  so  often  recurring  in  the  game  at 
chess,  is  a  remnant  of  schah-rendj  (the  distress  of  the 
shah),  and  testifies  to  the  Eastern  origin  of  the  game ; 
xaque,  in  Spanish,  where  xaque-mata  is  check-mate — the 
king  is  dead  from  the  Arab  mata  (to  kill).  The  French 
ecliecs,  again,  came  from  the  repetition  of  the  word; 
thence  again  our  chess.  And,  on  the  other  hand,  the 
black  and  white  squares  of  the  board  gave  to  a  similar 
pattern  the  name  of  cheque-work ;  whence  the  room  thus 
lined  where  the  court  of  the  Duke  of  Normandy  was 
held,  was  the  echiquier,  and  crossed  the  sea  to  become  our 
exchequer.  Some  etymologists,  however,  derive,  exche- 
quer from  sckicken  (to  send)  because  the  messengers  from 
the  court  were  sent  throughout  the  duchy ;  but  this  can- 
not be  established. 

"  The  arms  of  the  great  family  of  Warrenue  were  che- 
quers; and  they  enjoyed  the  privilege  of  licensing  houses 
of  entertainment  to  provide  boards  where  chess  and  tables 
might  be  played.  It  is  very  probable  that  their  shield 
was  assumed  in  consequence ;  at  any  rate  the  sign  of  such 
permission  was  the  display  of  the  said  bearings  on  the 
walls  of  the  inn  to  which  it  was  accorded,  and  thus  arose 
that  time-honoured  sign  of  the  Chequers,  happily  not  yet 
extinct,  though  far  from  at  present  explaining  its  connec- 
tion either  with  the  stout  earl  whose  tenure  was  his  good 
sword,  or  with  the  king  who  lashed  the  oceau." — History 
of  Christian  Names,  vol.  i.  part  ii.  sec.  4,  "  Xerxes." 

The  chequers  of  Pompeii,  however,  were  as- 
suredly not  put  up  by  permission  of  a  De  War- 
renne.  They  were  probably  used  on  the  same 
principle  as  the  golden  boots,  the  four  feet  high 
hats,  the  painted  representations  of  penny  ices,  &c., 
which  grace  the  exteriors  of  our  shops  in  the  pre- 
sent day,  informing  passers-by  of  the  nature  of 
the  purchases  which  may  be  made,  and  of  the 
luxuries  which  may  be  enjoyed  in  the  respective 
establishments  over  which  they  preside. 

The  De  Warrennes  were  lords  of  Grantham,  and 
in  1562,  after  the  extinction  of  that  noble  family, 
Queen  Elizabeth  granted  arms  to  the  town.  The 
shield,  chequy,  or  and  azure,  wilhin  a  bordure 
sa.;  charged  with  eight  trefoils  slipped  az.  Several 


3*d  S.  IV.  AUG.  8,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


117 


of  the  inn  signs  of  this  ancient  borough  have  been 
identified  with  the  heraldic  bearings  of  former 
landed  proprietors.  The  Rev.  B.  Street,  author 
of  Notes  on  Grantham,  says :  — 

"  I  thus  account  for  such  signs  as  the  Red  Lion  (a  lion 
rampant  gules) ;  the  white  hart  chained  was  borne  (a 
stag  passant  argent)  as  the  crest  of  the  Husseys ;  the  Che- 
quers, afterwards  the  Royal  Oak^  on  the  south  side  of  the 
Market  Place,  took  its  sign  from  the  arms  of  the  De  War- 
rennes." 

MR.  SALA  "  cannot  obtain  a  satisfactory  solution 
of  why  the  'chequers'  should  have  had  anything  to 
do  with  the  royal  treasury."  I  have  seen  it  asserted, 
on  the  authority  of  Camden,  that  the  black  and  white 
squares  of  the  Exchequer  table-cloth  were  useful 
to  those  who  made  up  the  king's  accounts,  and 
scored  the  amounts  thereof  with  counters,  a  pecu- 
liar mode  of  registry  ;  but  taking  into  considera- 
tion the  age  in  which  it  was  used,  not  half  so 
astonishing  as  the  "tallies"  with  which  Britannia's 
cashiers  recorded  monetary  transactions  as  late  as 
1826.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

The  scaccarium,  in  the  reign  of  Henry  II.,  was 
a  rectangular  table,  ten  feet  by  five,  with  a  rim  or 
ridge  to  prevent  anything  placed  on  it  from  rol- 
ling off.  On  this  table  was  spread  a  black  cloth, 
"  bought  at  Easter,"  with  rods  (or  stripes,  virgce,~) 
at  intervals  of  a  foot  or  thereabouts.  Every  Easter 
the  Chamberlain's  clerk,  or  "  tally-maker,"  gave 
out  to  each  of  the  sheriffs  a  tally,  or  stick  marked 
with  notches,  representing  the  amount  for  which 
they  were  answerable.  Every  Michaelmas  the 
sheriffs  brought  back  their  tallies,  and  paid  in  the 
money  due ;  the  "  calculator "  counting  it  by 
ranting  it  in  heaps  in  the  divisions  of  the  cloth  : 
pence  to  the  extreme  right,  then  shillings,  pounds ; 
twenties,  hundreds,  thousands  of  pounds,  and  so 
on  if  necessary.  If  the  sum  "tallied"  with  the 
amount  notched  upon  the  tally-stick,  the  tally 
was  accepted  by  the  Mareschal ;  the  payment 
entered  on  the  Roll,  the  sheriff's  responsibility 
for  the  year  ceased,  and  the  cloth  was  swept  for  a 
fresh  calculation.  All  debts  to  the  crown  being 
settled  in  a  similar  manner.  The  scaccarium, 
then,  was  the  "calculator"  —  calculating  board: 
the  slate  on  which  he  added  up  his  sums,  probably 
acquiring  its  name  from  its  similarity  to  a  chess- 
board ;  though  it  seems  very  likely  that  in  early 
days  the  same  scaccarium  may  have  served,  espe- 
cially with  humbler  individuals,  for  "doing  sums" 
upon  as  well  as  for1  playing  at  dice  or  chess.  As 
at  the  coronation  of  Richard  I.,  six  earls  carried 
the  regalia  and  robes  upon  a  scaccarium  —  hardly 
either  a  chess-board  or  the  exchequer-table  —  I 
suspect  that,  at  a  certain  period,  many  a  chroni- 
cler would  have  Latinized  any  inlaid  table  by  the 
same  word. 

There  was  also  a  lesser  scaccarium,  known  as 
"  the  Receipt"— "  quod  et  Recepta  dicitur."  Cal- 
culations were  made  in  the  greater,  and  paid  into 


the  lesser  exchequer ;  which  must  have  been,  so 
to  say,  the  cash  department,  in  which  the  officials 
would  probably  retain  the  tally,  or  order,  on  the 
strength  of  which  they  paid  out  money  as  their 
authority  for  doing  so.  Such  orders  were,  in 
course  of  time,  given  in  writing ;  and  perhaps  the 
origin  of  "cheque"  may  be  traced  to  "  exchequer 
order" — the  cheque  being  still  retained  by  the 
banker  as  his  authority  for  paying  out  cash  com- 
mitted to  his  charge. 

The  name  of  "exchequer"  —  "Court  of  Che- 
quered-table, or  Chequered  Cloth,"  like  "  Board 
of  Green  Cloth" — was  confined  to  Normandy  and 
England.  I  suspect  the  "calculating  board"  was 
in  use  long  before  the  existence  of  the  Italian 
zecca,  or  mint.  There  were  monayers  scattered 
over  the  country,  long  before  a  single  fixed  mint 
was  established.  E.  W.  R. 


A  very  strong  argument  in  favour  of  the  view 
that  these  words  are  derived,  as  indeed  they  are 
allowed  to  be  by  the  best  authorities,*  from  an 
Eastern  original,  is  afforded  by  the  comparison  of 
the  Eng.  checkmate!  whicb,  with  its  equivalents 
in  European  languages,  has  absolutely  no  meaning, 
with  the  corresponding  Arabic  shah  mat,  or  asW- 
shah  mat,  which  has  the  very  appropriate  mean- 
ing of  "the  shah  (or  king)  is  dead!"  Whether, 
however,  exchequer  was  so  called  on  account  of 
the  chequered  table-cloth,  as  is  generally  believed, 
or  because  it  has,  or  had,  to  do  with  royal  trea- 
sures, is  uncertain;  though  I  think  the  former 
explanation  the  more  probable.f  At  any  rate, 
the  ex  in  exchequer  (Mid.  Lat.  escacariuni)  is  not 
the  Lat.  ex,  but  merely  represents  the  e,  which,  in 
Prov.,  Fr.,  Span.,  &c.,  is  so  frequently  added 
to  the  s  at  the  beginning  of  Latin  words  (as  in 
Fr.  ecrire,  Prov.  escrioure,  Span,  escribir,  from 
scribere,  &c.,  &c.), —  together  with  the  s  of  scacco, 
&c.  F.  CHANCE. 


MODEEN  GBEBK.  LAW  (3rd  S.  iii.  448.) — In  reply 
to  a  Query,  put  some  weeks  ago  in  "J».  &  Q."  by 
C.,  I  beg  to  state  that  the  law  books  now  used  in 
the  tribunals  of  Greece,  as  far  as  I  can  recollect, 
are  the  following  :  — 

1.  The  Imperial  Byzantine   Civil   Laws,   con- 
tained in  the  collection  of  the  ~&a<n\tKlav,  edited  in 
Paris  during  the  year  1647  by  Carolus  Annibal 
Farrotus,  and  divided  in  seven  volumes  folio. 

2.  The  Edicta  or  Ordinances  of  the  Byzantine 
emperors,  comprised  in  the  'E£d§i§\ov  of  Constan- 
tinus  Harmenopulus,  edited  twelve  years  ago  by 
G.  H.  Heimbach,  Leipsic,  in  a  quarto  volume. 

*  See  Diez,  Etynol.  Wvrterb.  d.  Rom.  Spr.,  s.v.  scacco. 

f  Because  shah  became  Europeanized  in  the  shape  of 
chess,  Fr.  echecs,  Ital.  scacco,  Germ.  Schach,  &c. ;  but  has 
never  been  much  made  use  of  (although  known)  in  the 
sense  of  king. 


118 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*d  S.  IV,  AUG.  8,  '63. 


3.  Many  other  secondary  laws,  published  in 
Greece  at  various  periods,  from  the  first  Greek 
revolution  to  the  abdication  of  King  Otho  in  1862, 
explaining  or  modifying  the  Imperial  Byzantine 
Edicta,  and  contained  in  the  third  volume  of  the 
Collection  of  the  Greek  Codes,  edited  by  G.  A. 
Rhali  at  Athens  in  the  year  1856,  in  three  volumes 
octavo.  The  first  two  volumes  comprise  the  com- 
mercial and  criminal  laws,  and  the  civil  and  penal 
jurisprudence. 

The  decisions  of  the  tribunals  regarding  divorce 
are  regulated  according  to  the  Edicta  in  the  4th 
book,  chap.  xv.  of  the  Exdbiblos  of  Harmeno- 
pulus ;  and  to  the  Constitutional  Law  of  the  Holy 
Greek  Synod,  published  at  Athens  July  9,  of  the 
year  1852,  and  contained  in  the  Greek  Codes  of 
Mr.  G.  A.  Rhali. 

For  explanation  of  the  Roman  law  now  in  use, 
see  all  the  annotatory  treatises  which  have  been 
published  in  different  European  states  at  various 
periods ;  as  for  instance,  J.  Voet's  Pandecta,  &c. 
&c.,  but  particularly  those  of  the  modern  German 
commentators.  For  that  of  the  commercial  and 
criminal  law,  and  the  civil  and  penal  jurispru- 
dence, see  the  French  annotators  Messieurs  Par- 
dessus,  Dalloz,  &c.,  &c. ;  these  laws  having  been 
translated  and  compiled  from  the  French  codes. 

RHODOCANAKIS. 

ARCHBISHOP  LEIGHTON'S  LIBRARY  AT  DUN- 
BLANE (3rd  S.  iv.  63.)  —  A  correspondent  asks 
for  references  to  certain  "apophthegms  written 
in  Leighton's  books." 

To  the  13th  apophthegm  — 

"  Dulce  periculum  est ...[?]  Deum  seqni. — Hor." 
he  appends  the  remark  :  — 
"  Distinctly  written  so;  but  query  Her.  t.  e.  Hermes?  " 

Allow  me  to  remind  him  that  Horace's  25th 
Ode,  3rd  book,  ends  thus  :  — 

" .        .        .        Dulce  periculum  est, 

0  Lenaee,  sequi  Deum 
Cingentem  viridi  tempora  pampino." 

"  Dulce  periculum,"  I  may  mention  en  passant, 
is  the  motto  of  the  Macaulays.  DAVUS. 

The  5th  apothegm  — 

"  Sufficit  ad  beatitudinem  cognitio  Dei  solius  et  imi- 
tatio," — 

is  similar  to  a  sentiment  in  S.  Ambrose  — 

"  Scriptura  autetn  divina  vitam  beatam  in  cognitione 
posuit  divinitatis  et  fructu  bonse  operationis." — Officio- 
rum,  lib.  ii.  c.  3, — 

but  is  probably  taken  from  some  other  source. 

T.  C. 
Durham. 

POPE  AND  SENAULT  (3rd  S.  iv.  46.)  — I  find 
the  passage  alluded  to  by  Dr.  M.  (the  2nd  Disc.) 
marked  to  the  same  effect  by  me  in  my  copy ;  and 
it  is  not  the  only  one  that  appears  to  have  afforded 


hints  to  our  great  master  of  didactic  verse,  and  in 
language  not  inferior  to  his  own. 

I  would  refer  Dr.  M.  to  "  The  Translator  to 
the  Reader."  It  opens  thus  :  "  I  had  it  once  in 
my  thought  to  have  dedicated  this  my  product  of 
name  leisure  hours  to  an  exactly  accomplished 
lady  of  honour."  This  intention  he  abandons  be- 
cause "  my  author  hath  chosen  our  Saviour  J.  Ch. 
for  his  Patron;"  and  thinking  to  imitate  as  nearly 
as  he  might  his  original,  he  thought  of  the  spouse 
of  Jesus  Christ,  the  Church  ;  but,  for  reasons  as- 
signed, abandons  that  idea  also,  and  simply  ad- 
dresses the  reader. 

I  have  nothing  that  will  add  to  Henry  Gary's 
motives  than  those  above  mentioned  by  himself — 
occupying  his  leisure  hours ;  nor  can  I  trace  the 
name  of  the  lady  of  honour  alluded  to. 

Lowndes,  in  describing  the  book,  enumerates 
author's  dedication,  preface,  &c.,  but  makes  no 
mention  of  a  copy  of  verses  between  the  Epistle 
Dedicatory  and  the  Translator  to  the  Reader, 
containing  four  stanzas,  and  entitled  "  The  Trans- 
lator upon  the  Book."  J.  A.  G. 

SIR  FRANCIS  DRAKE  (3rd  S.  iii.  26.)  —  Evelyn, 
in  his  Discourse  of  Medals,  chapter  iv.,  considering 
"other  persons  and  things  worthy  the  memory 
and  honour  of  medals,"  would  seem  to  imply  that 
there  was  no  reliable  portrait  of  Sir  Francis  Drake 
in  existence ;  he  says, — "  Had  such  actions  and 
events  happened  among  the  rest  of  the  polished 
world,  we  should  not  be  now  to  seek  for  the  heads 
of  Sir  Francis  Drake,  Cavendish,  Hawkins,  Fro- 
bisher,  Greenvil,  Fenton,  Willoughby,  and  the 
rest  of  the  Argonauts."  Old  England,  vol.  ii., 
London,  Charles  Knight  &  Co.,  gives,  in  plate 
No.  1529,  a  likeness  of  Drake,  taken,  as  there 
stated,  "  from  a  painting  at  Nutwell  Church."  In 
the  same  plate  are  portraits  also  of  Hawkins,  from 
an  "  old,  anonymous  print ; "  and  of  Cavendish  and 
Frobisher,  from  "  Anonymous  Pictures  engraved 
by  Van  der  Gucht."  In  plate  No.  1537  there  is 
another  likeness  of  Drake,  differing  from  the 
former  and  smaller  one  in  costume.  In  both  the 
hair  curls,  the  beard  is  peaked,  and  the  moustachios 
twisted  at  the  ends.  The  forehead,  that  "  templum 
pudoris  "  of  Evelyn,  and  "  animi  janua"  of  Cicero, 
is  high,  tolerably  "  exporrecta,"  and  the  lines  have 
the  arched  curve  of  pride  and  confidence. 

W.  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 

ROOKE  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  iii.  491.)— Not  being 
able  to  give  a  complete  answer  to  your  corre- 
spondent's inquiry  respecting  the  Colonel  Charles 
Kooke  alluded  to,  I  have  deferred  offering  what 
I  think  may  be  a  clue  to  solving  the  query.  Col. 
Charles  Rooke  was  a  Lieut.-Col.  in  the  3rd  Regi- 
ment of  Guards,  and  held  that  rank  as  a  field 
officer  in  the  army  under  date  of  December  13, 
1780.  I  think  it  not  improbable  that  on  the 
termination  of  the  American  war,  he  might  have 


S.  IV.  AUG.  8,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


119 


retired  from  the  service  ;  but  on  the  breaking  out 
of  hostilities  with  France  in  1794,  when  thirty 
regiments  of  Fencible  Light  Dragoons  were  raised 
(see  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  iii.  155  ;  xii.  305),  with 
extraordinary  expedition,  that  Colonel  Charles 
Rooke  might  have  been  selected  for  the  command 
of  the  regiment,  then  levied  in  the  neighbourhood 
of  Windsor,  and  called  the  Windsor  Foresters. 
His  commission  as  Colonel  was  dated  May  1, 1794, 
as  was  that  of  Sir  Nathaniel  Dukinfield,  Bart.,  the 
Lieut.-Colonel,  who  then  resided  at  Stanlake 
Lodge,  Berks.  The  commissions  of  these  Fencible 
Cavalry  were  all  signed  by  the  King,  on  the  re- 
commendation, it  was  understood,  of  the  Lords 
Lieutenants  of  Counties,  which  for  Berkshire  was 
then  the  Earl  of  Radnor.  There  was  an  Ensign 
Charles  Rooke  in  the  3rd  Guards  in  1798,  and 
later  a  H.  W.  Rooke  in  the  same  regiment.  Were 
both  these  sons  of  Lieut.-Gen.  James  Rooke, 
who  had  the  38th  foot?  I  may  add  that  the 
Windsor  Foresters,  a  year  or  two  after  they  were 
raised,  were  ordered  for  Scotland,  where  they 
remained,  I  believe,  three  or  four  years. 

DELTA. 

WALSALL-LEGGED  (3rd  S.  iv.  27,  77,  78.)  — 
Formerly  several  years  resident  in  various  parts 
of  Staffordshire,  including  the  old-chartered  town 
of  Walsall,  the  epithet  Walsall-legged  I  have  re- 
peatedly heard  orally  from  persons  Walsall-born, 
whose  family,  relative,  and  official  positions  for 
three  generations  in  the  locality  rendered  them 
tolerably  well  acquainted  with  its  traditions ;  a 
hearty  welcome  and  prolonged  stay  being  often 
accorded  to  visitors  or  friends  by  saying,  "  till  you 
begin  to  get  Walsall-legged."  The  comparatively 
great  elevation  of  the  parish  church  at  the  head  of 
the  town,  its  foundations  nearly  on  a  level  with 
adjacent  house-tops,  on  the  west  entered  by  as- 
cending a  number  of  steps,  and  diverging  from  the 
main  street,  itself  a  tedious  incline ;  on  the  south- 
west its  approaches,  formerly  rugged  and  dilapi- 
dated, being  fragments  of  crumbled-out-of-the-hill 
sort  of  steps,  partly  earthen  and  partly  hill-side 
shale,  causing  consequent  exertion  and  precari- 
ousness  of  ascent, —  these  are  local  traditionary 
particulars  for  the  jocose  saying,  Walsall-legged. 
Recent  years'  improvements  of  the  approaches  by 
removal  and  otherwise  of  surrounding  property, 
afford  but  partial  evidence  of  its  anterior  tendency 
to  leg-deformity  of  the  natives,  though  its  present 
considerable  number  of  modern  steps  leading  to 
the  sacred  edifice  still  frequently  give  rise  to  the 
old  saying,  "  Don't  get  Walsall-legged." 

A.  GT. 

Walsall  parish  church  is  built  on  a  very  steep 
hill,  and  there  are  many  steps  from  the  street  to 
the  church.  "  Black  country  "  people  affirm  that 
Walsall  men  become  "bandy-legged"  through 
ascending  and  descending  the  hill  and  steps,  hence 


the 
up 


terms  "  Wa'sall  legged,"  and  "  He 's  bin  [been] 
Wa'sall  steps."     A  local  rhyme  says,  — 

"  Sutton  for  mutton, 
Tamworth  for  beef, 
Walsall  for  bandy  legs, 
And  Brummagem  for  a  thief," 

There  is  another  saying,  —  "You're  too  fast, 
like  Walsall  clock."     To  what  do  this  refer  ? 


West  Bromwich. 


CHAS.  H.  BAYLEY. 


COWTHORPE  OAK  (3rd  S.  iv.  69.)  —  I  am  not 
positively  able  to  answer  C.  J.  ASHFIELD'S  query, 
Whether  the  Cowthorpe  Oak  still  exists  ?  There 
is  a  print  of  it  in  Hunter's  edition  of  Evelyn's 
Sylva,  1776;  another  in  Strutt's  Sylva  Britannica, 
1826,  folio.  Your  correspondent  had  heard  of  it 
in  1843,  and  as  the  two  prints,  at  an  interval  of 
fifty  years,  show  little  change,  we  may  presume  it 
still  remains,  as  it  long  has  been,  the  pride  and  ad- 
miration of  the  surrounding  neighbourhood.  I  saw 
the  oaks  in  Welbeck  Park  during  the  last  autumn. 
Hayman  Rooke,  in  his  description  of  that  place, 
published  in  1790,  considers  the  Greendale  oak  to 
be  above  700  years  old ;  the  circumference  of  the 
trunk  above  the  arch  was  then  35  ft.  3  in. ;  height 
of  the  arch  10ft.  3  in.,  width  6ft.  3  in.,  height  of 
tree  to  the  top  branch  54  ft.  On  the  same  autho- 
rity the  two  trees  called  "Porters"  measure,  No.  1, 
98"ft.  6 in.  in  height;  No.  2,  88ft.  The  circum- 
ference at  base  of  No.  1,  38  ft.,  at  one  yard  high 
27  ft.,  at  two  yards  23  ft.,  and  its  solid  contents 
840  cubic  ft.  The  circumference  of  No.  2,  at 
base,  34  ft.,  one  yard  high  23  ft.,  two  yards 
20ft.,  and  744ft.  solid  contents.  No  part  of 
England  contains  so  numerous  a  collection  of  vast 
and  ancient  oak  trees  as  the  Nottinghamshire 
Dukeries,  more  particularly  the  adjoining  parks 
of  Welbeck  and  Thoresby ;  but  the  withered 
branches  so  generally  found  at  the  top  of  the 
larger  trees,  show  that  decay  has  commenced,  and 
their  vegetating  vigour  is  on  the  decline. 

THOMAS  E.  WINNINGTON. 

A  full  account  of  this  remarkable  tree  was  pub- 
lished by  subscription  twenty  years  since  (the 
second  edition,  now  before  me,  in  1842,  and  pro- 
bably the  first  in  the  same  year),  and  was  entitled, 

"The  Cowthorpe  Oak,  from  a  Painting  by  the  late 
George  William  Fothergill,  from  accurate  Sketches  made 
on  the  Spot,  expressly  for  this  Work.  Drawn  on  Stone 
by  William  Monkhouse.  With  a  Descriptive  Account, 
by  Charles  Empson,  Author  of  '  Narratives  of  South 
America,'  &c.,  containing  such  Historical  Memorials, 
Local  Particulars,  Botanical  Characters,  Dimensions,  and 
various  Information  as  could  be  obtained  on  the  Spot, 
relative  to  this  most  famous  Oak."  London,  Ackermann 
and  Co. 

The  dimensions  of  the  tree,  in  January,  1842, 
were,  —  Circumference  close  to  the  ground  60  ft., 
one  foot  from  the  ground  56  ft.,  three  feet  from 
the  ground  45  ft.,  five  feet  from  the  ground  36 J  ft.; 


120 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  IV.  AUG.  8,  '63. 


height  43  ft. ;  extent  of  the  pi'incipal  branch 
50|  ft. ;  diameter  of  the  hollow  within  the  tree, 
close  to  the  ground,  1 1  ft.  (room  for  forty  men — 
Rev.  Dr.  Jessop) ;  age,  estimated  by  Professor 
Burnett,  1600  years.  D. 

WALE  (3rd  S.  iv.  26.) — The  very  short  extract 
which  MR.  J.  D.  CAMPBELL  criticises,  from  a 
paper  in  All  the  Year  Round — of  which  he  has,  he 
says,  seen  only  this  extract — convicts  him  of  sin- 
gular obtuseness.  The  writer  in  All  the  Year 
Round  obviously  uses  the  word  "waling"  in  the 
sense  of  choosing  a  wife  :  for  he  says,  "  the  heart 
of  the  Scotchman  is  full  of  tenderness  "  .  .  .  "  such 
a  waling  being  the  highest  compliment  he  can  pay 
her  sex."  MB.  J.  D.  CAMPBELL  is  thus  self- 
convicted  of  ignorance;  for  he  does  not  know 
thatj  although  centuries  ago  "waled,  or  wailed 
wine,"  meant  in  England  choice  wine,  a  "  waled 
back"  is  one  marked  with  wales.  ME.  J.  D. 
CAMPCKLL  confesses  to  his  small  knowledge  of 
philology ;  but  when  he  condemns  a  writer  for 
using  a  word  in  the  very  sense  which  he  himself 
proves  to  be  a  right  one  (as  wale  in  the  sense  of 
choice),  the  deficiency  he  displays  is  the  lack  of 
the  faculty  necessary  for  understanding  what  he 
reads.  JOHN  ROBERTSON. 

HOP-TON  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  iv.  48.)— If  F.  will  re- 
fer to  the  Pedigree  of  Hopton  in  Blore's  Rutland, 
p.  133,  he  will  obtain  information  which  may  lead 
him  to  the  discovery  of  existing  families  connected 
with  the  Hopton  family.  Jos.  PHILLIPS. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 


Exotics  ;    or  English   Words  derived  from  Latin 

Ten  Lectures.  By  Edward  Newenham  Hoare,  M.A., 
Dean  of  Waterford,  &c.  (Hodges  &  Smith.) 
These  ten  lectures,  delivered  by  the  Dean  of  Water- 
ford  before  a  select  audience  comprising  the  teachers  of 
the  various  public  and  private  schools  in  that  city,  are 
addressed  to  intelligent  and  educated  persons,  who  have, 
however,  little  or  no  acquaintance  with  the  classics,  for 
the  purpose  of  promoting  the  acquisition  of  that  know- 
ledge strongly  commended  by  Locke,  who  tells  us  that, 
"  if  we  knew  the  original  of  all  the  words  we  meet  with, 
we  should  thereby  be  very  much  helped  to  know  the 
ideas  they  were  first  applied  to  and  made  to  stand  for." 
The  work  will,  however,  be  read  with  interest  by  those 
who  do  know  something  of  Latin,  and  who  cannot  fail  in 
the  course  of  its  perusal,  to  pick  up  some  curious  in- 
formation on  a  subject  of  considerable  interest  and  great 
practical  utility.  The  book,  which  is  appropriately  dedi- 
cated to  the  Father  of  English  Philologists,  Dr.  Richard- 
son, is  made  yet  more  useful  by  capital  Indices. 

The.  Army  Lists  of  the  Roundheads  and  Cavaliers,  con- 
taining the  names  of  the   Officers  in  the  Royal  and  Par- 
liamentary Armies  of  1642.    Edited  by  Edward  Peacock, 
F.S.A.     (Hotton.) 
If  we  concluded  our  Notice  of  Dean  Hoare's  book  by 

stating  how  much  it  was  increased  in-  value  by  its  In- 


dices, we  may  well  say  how  greatly  the  present  would 
have  been  improved  by  the  like  addition.  But  in  spite 
of  such  want,  the  work  is  a  most  valuable  contribution 
to  the  liistoiy  of  the  eventful  period  to  which  it  refers ; 
and  the  brief  biographical  notes  scattered  over  every 
page  give  promise  of  how  much  curious  and  interesting 
matter  we  may  look  forward  to  receive,  when  Mr.  Pea- 
cock is  able  to  give  us  his  promised  Biographv  of  the 
Civil  War. 

BOOKS  RECEIVED. — 

The  Forest  of  Arden,  its  Towns,  Villages,  and  Hamleti : 
a  Topographical  and  Historical  Account  of  the  District 
between  and  around  Henley  in.  Arden,  and  Hampton  in 
Arden.  Illustrated  with  numerous  Engravings.  By 
John  Hannett.  (Simpkin  &  Marshall.) 

The  Gossipina  Guide  to  Jersey.     By  J.  Bertrand  Payne. 

With  a    C/iapter   on  the    Ciimats  and  Diseases  of  the 

Island,  by  Dr.  Scholefield ;  and  a  Botanical  Gossip,  by 

Mr.  C.  B.  Saunders.     (W.  Hughes.) 

"London  now  is  (going)  out  of  town ;"  and  Londoners 
who  are  inclined  to  take  the  advice  of  The  Times,  and 
confine  their  wanderings  to  the  British  Islands,  have  in 
these  two  Guides  hints  for  two  agreeable  pleasure  trips. 
Jersey  has  many  points  of  interest ;  and  the  Forest  of 
Arden  may  well  invite  to  a  pilgrimage  all  the  admirers  of 
him  who  has  made  Warwickshire  famous. 

A  Discovery  concerning  Ghosts,  with  a  Rap  at  the  "  Spirit 
Rappers."     By  George  Cruikshank.     (Arnold.) 
Quaintly  written   and  quaintly  illustrated,  this  Dis- 
covery— which  is,  we  believe,  no  discovery,  for  disbelievers 
in  ghosts  in  red  waistcoats  have  ever  existed — will  well 
repay  perusal ;  as  we  are  assured,  and  hope  soon  to  prove, 
that  a  morning  spent  in  the  Gallery  of  the  great  Artist's 
Works,  now  exhibiting,  will  well  repay  the  visit. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Book  to  be  sent  direct  to  the 
gentleman  by  whom  it  is  required,  whose  name  and  address  are  given 
for  that  purpose:  — 
NARHATIVK   or  AN    EXPEDITION    TO    THE    EAST   COAST    op  GREENLAND 

DNDZR  CAPTAIN  W.  A. GRAAH.    London:  J.  W.  Parker.  1837. 
Wanted  by  Mr.  Percy  B.  St.  John,  Southend,  Essex. 


tar 

B.  B.  The  French  verses  forwarded  by  our  Correspondent  are  OH?//  « 
French  version,  from  the  rear.li/  yea  of  Father  /'rout,  of  tlie  well-knouvt, 
"  Monody  on  the  Death  of  Sir  John  Moore."  The  lincs\werc  originally 
published  in  an  earl!/  number  o/Bentley's  Magazine. 

MELBTFS.  The  authorised  version  of  the  liible  mat/  be  regarded  as  a 
revision  of  the  Sis/urns'  Kible,  rather  than  as  a  new  and  independent 
work.  See  "N.tz  Q.''  3rd  S.  ii.  371. 

X  M.  We  quite  afiree  with  our  correspondent  respecting  tiie  rjrowinfi 
inconveniences  of  tlie  modern  usage  of  the  title  Reverend,  and  which 
elicited  from  us  some  remarks  nearly  eleven  years  ago.  See  our  1st  8.  vi. 
246. 

R.  G.  The  date  of  1495,  in  one  of  Barker's  Bibles,  is  evidently  a  mis- 
print for  1595.  It  is  not  an  uncommon  book:  See  our  2nd  S.  x.  170,  21", 
316. 


.      .,  e  paid  b;/  I'ost  Office.  Order  in 

favour  O/MKSSKS.  BELL  AMD  DALDY,  186,  FLEET  STIIEET,  E.C  ,  to  whom 
all  COMMUNICATIONS  poa  THE  EDITOR  should  be  Od£ftMM. 


Full  benefit  of  reduced  dut>/  obtained  by  purchasing  Ifornima-n's  Pure 
Tea;  very  choice  at 3s.  id.  and  Is.  "High  Standard"  at  4*.  id.  (for- 
merly 4j>-.  8d.),  ii  the  strongest  and  most  delicious  imported.  Agents  in 
every  town  supply  it  in  Packets. 


3"i  S.  IV.  AUG.  8,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

TT7ESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

'      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE   ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CBIB»  OFFICES  !  3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET.  LONDON,  and 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.  E.  Bicknell,  Esq. 

T.Somers  Cocke,Esq.,M.A.,J.P. 

Oeo.  H.  Drew.  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  B.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 

James  Hunt,  Esq. 

John  Leigh.  Esq. 

Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 

F.B.  Marson,  Esq. 

E.  VansittartNeale,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Jas.  Ljs  Seazef,  Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White,  Esq, 


Henry  Wilbraliam,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary — Arthur  Seratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurera,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
Rfford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering? 
within  tne  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MKDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CllAKOF.  MADE   FOR   PoJ.ICY   STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready  ..price  14s. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 

OSTEO      EXDOXfT. 

Patent,  March  1, 18B2,  No.  560. 

pABRIEL'S     SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

V]T  SOFT  GUMvS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSES.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street. Cavendish  Square,  and  34, Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  63,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth."    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

JC.  and  J.  FIELD,  Original  Manufacturers  (in 
•  England)  of  PARAFFINS  CANDLES,  to  whom  the  prize 
medal  (1862)  has  been  awarded,  and  their  Candles  adopted  by  her 
Majesty's  Government  for  use  at  the  Military  Stations  abroad.  These 
Candles  can  be  obtained  of  all  Chandlers  and  Grocers  in  the  United 
Kingdom.  Price  Is.  8rf.  per  Ib.  Also  Field's  celebrated  United  Service 
boap  I  ablets,  6d.  and4d.  each.  The  Public  are  cautioned  to  see  that 
Field  s  label  is  on  the  packets  or  boxes.  Wholesale  only,  and  for 
Exportation,  Upper  Marsh,  Lambeth,  London,  S. 


Now  ready,  18mo,  coloured  wrapper,  Post  Free,  6d. 

AN    GOUT    AND    RHEUMATISM.     A   new 

V/    work,  by  DR.  LAV1LLE  of  the  Faculty  of  Medicine, Paris, ex- 
hibiting a  perfectly  new,  certain,  and  safe  method  of  cure.    Translated 
by  an  English  Practitioner. 
London:  FRAS.  NEWBERY  &  SONS, 45,  St.  Paul's  Church  Yard. 


HOLLOW  AY'S    PILLS   AND   OINTMENT.— 
Indisputable  remedies  for  bad  lees,  old  wounds,  sores  and  ulcers. 
11  used  according  to  directions  given  with  them,  there  is  no  wound,  bad 
leg,  ulcerous  sore,  or  bad  breasts,  however  obstinate  or  Ions  standiu" 
but  will  yield  to  their  healing  and  curative  properties.    Numbers  or 
persons  who  have  been  patients  in  several  of  the  large  hospitals  and 
under  the  care  of  eminent  surgeons,  without  deriving  the  slightest 
benefit,  have  been  thoroughly  cured  by  llolloway's  Ointment  and  i'ifls 
glandular  swellings,  tumours,  scurvy,  and  diseases  of  the  bkin 
there  is  no  medicine  that  can  be  used  with  so  good  an  effect.    In  fact 
«  rfti,worst  *?J3"  of   d.isea?e  dependent  upon  the  condition  of  the 
blood,  these  medicines  are  irresistible, 


I  HE    LIVERPOOL     AND    LONDON 

FIBE  AND  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  in  1836. 

OFFICES  :  — 1,  Dale  Street,  Liverpool)  20  and  21,  Poultry, 
London,  E.C. 


Year. 

Fire   Premiums. 

Life  Premiums. 

Invested  Funds. 

£                                 f.                               * 

1851 

54,305 

27,157 

502,824 

1856 

1222,279 

72,781 

821,061 

1S6I 

300,130 

135,974 

1,311,905 

1862 

4%,065 

138,703 

1,417,808 

The  Fire  Duty  paid  by  this  Company  in  England  in  1862  was-  71,2342 

?™wTA°™?SFIiT'.!!eeretary  to  the  Company. 
JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 

HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,    &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  _ 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 

per  dozen. 
White  Bordeaux  ..........................  24s.  and  30s.  perdoz. 

Good  Hock  ................................  30s.    „     38s. 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne.;....  36s.,  42s.    „     48s. 

Good  Dinner  Sherry  ........................  24s.    „     :-o«. 

Port  ..................................  24s.,30s.    „     36s..       „ 

4'pi^raH&fv£&l&w  °f  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  O1JD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  J20s.  perdoz. 

Vintage  1834  .............  ,   108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840  ..............     84s. 

Vintage  1847  ............    „     72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry,  36s.,  42s.  , 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42*.,  48*.,  60s.,  Tis.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  liudeslieimer.  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60s.; 
.lohannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120«.;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48«.  to  8)s.  ;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  8«s., 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymse  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz.  ; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BCTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 

THE  NATURAL  WINES  of  FRANCE.—  J. 
CAMPBELL,  Wine  Merchant.  158,  Regent  Street,  recommends 
attention  to  the  following  CLARETS,  selected  by  himself  on  the 
Garonne:  —  Vin  de  Bordeaux  (which  greatly  improves  by  keeping  in 
bottle  two  or  three  years),  20s.;  St.  Julien,  22s.;  La  Rose,  2fis.;  St. 
Estephe,  36s.;  St.  Emilion,  42s.;  Haut  Brion,  48s.;  Lafitte,  Latour, 
and  Chateau  Margaux,  60s.  to  84s.  per  dozen.  J.  C.'s  experience  and 
known  reputation  for  French  wines  will  I-e  some  guarantee  for  the 
soundness  of  the  wine  quoted  at  20s.  per  dozen—  Note.  Burgundies  from 
36s.  to  54s.;  Chablis,  26s.  and  30s.  per  dozen.  E.  Clicquot's  finest  Cham- 
pagne, 66s.  per  dozen.  Remittances  or  town  references  should  be  ad- 
dressed JAMBS  CAMPBELI,  158,  Regent  Street. 

SAUCE.  —  LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOE,  LEA.  AND  PEBRIMTS'  SAUCE. 

»*»  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester  ; 
MESSRS.  CROS8E  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS,  London,  &c.,  &c.  \  and  by  Grocere  and  Oilmen  universally. 


WHITE'S 

ORIENTAL  PICKLE,  CURRY,  or  MULLIGA- 
TAWNY PASTE. 

Curry  Powder,  and  Curry  Sauce,  may  be  obtained  from  all  Sauce, 

Vendors,  and  Wholesale  of 

CROSSE  &  BLACKWELL,  Purveyors  to  the  Queen,  Soho  Square, 
London. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"«  S.  IV.  AUG.  8,  '63. 


RICHARD      SIMPSON 

Respectfully  invites  the  attention  of  all  Lovers  of  Book -lore  to  his  periodical  Catalogues,  incorporating  selections 
from  his  large  Collection  of  Ancient  and  Modern  Authors.  Many  of  these  are  of  uncommon  occurrence,  and  not  to 
be  had  elsewhere. — Including  Anas,  Early  Editions  of  Bewick,  Chap  Books,  Masonic  Works,  Astrology,  Occult 
Science  and  Witchcraft ;  Etchings,  Caricatures,  Engravings  and  Portraits ;  Epigrams,  Epitaphs,  Maxims,  Proverbs, 
Bons-Mots,  Facetiae.  Jests,  Shakespeariana,  Songs,  Ballads,  Drama  and  Poetry.  Civil  War,  Commonwealth  and 
Early  English  Tracts.  Old  Periodicals,  Cuttings  from  Newspapers,  and  other  "  Curiosities  of  Literature."  Annual 
Subscription,  2s.,  Post  free. 


Anthologia   Hibernica  (contains  some  of  the   early 

Productions  of  B.  B.  Sheridan  and  Thomas  Moore).  4  Vols.  &vo, 
calf.  16s.  1793-94. 

Aristophanes ;  a  metrical  version   of  the  Frogs,  the 

Acharnians,  the  Knights,  and  the  Birds.  By  HOOKHAM  FHERK.  In 
1  Vol.  4to,  half  russia.  41.  Us.  6d.  rare.  Malta,  1839-40. 

Besse,  A  Collection  of  the  Sufferings  of  the  People 

called  Quakers.    2  Vols.  folio,  calf,  flue  copy.    H.  4s.  1753. 

Biographical  Dictionary  by  Aikin  and  Enfield.     10 

Vols.  4to,  half  calf  neat.    II.  8s.  1798-1815. 

Brydges  (Sir  E.),  Censura  Literaria,  containing  titles, 

abstracts,  and  opinions  of  old  English  books.  10  Vols.  8vo,  half 
russia.  31.  13s.  6d.  1805-9. 

Bunn   (the   late   Manager),  A  collection  of  fifteen 

Operas  and  Dramas  adapted  to  the  Stage  by  him ;  his  own  Copies, 
with  the  Chamberlain's  original  Licenses  inserted.  Also  autograph 
Letters  from  eminent  musical  Composers,  Performers,  &c.  16  Vols. 
8vo,  half  calf.  A  desirable  series  to  the  old  Play-Goer  or  Opera 
Visitor.  U.  12s.  6d. 

Chatterton,  Works  of,  3  vols.  8vo,  tree  marbled  calf 

gilt.    11.  18S.  1803. 

De  Foe,  the  Works  of,  by  Hazlitt.    3  Vols.  royal  8vo, 

scarce.    II.  16s.  1840. 

Dibdin,  A  Bibliographical  Tour  in  France  and  Ger- 
many.  3  Vols.  crown  8vo.   Portraits  and  Plates.    16s.  1829, 

Didron   (M.)  Iconographie  Chretienne,  Histoire  de 

Dieu,  150  beautiful  outline  plates  of  the  statues,  sculptures,  and 
monuments  of  the  cathedrals  and  churches  of  France,  4to,  half 
bound,  red  moroco,  top  edges  gilt.  11.8s.  Paris,  18«3r 

Dorsetshire  Photographically  illustrated  by  J.  Pouncy, 

4  parts  in  2  Vols.  oblong  4to  (with  letterpress  descriptions).    II.  5s. 

1857. 

Fairbairn's   Crests  and  Mottoes  of  the   Families  of 

Great  Britain  and  Ireland.  2  Vols.  royal  8vo.  (Published  at  31.  3g.) 
\l.  10s.  1860. 

Garrick,  Memoirs  of  the  Life  of,  by  Davies.   2  Vols. 

Portrait.  Dramatic  Miscellanies,  by  DAVIKS.  3  Vols.  Portrait. 
Together,  5  Vols.  cr.  8vo.  Sienna  calf,  gilt,  flue  set.  II.  1». 

1784-1808. 

Kent.    A  New  and  Complete  History  of  the  County 

of  Kent,  by  AV.  H.  IRFLAND.  Numerous  Plates.  4  thick  Vols. 
8vo,caltneat.  11.10s.  1829. 

Lambarde,  An  Alphabetical  Description  of  the  Chief 

Places  in  England  and  Wales.  4to.  Original,  calf  gilt.  Tine  Por- 
trait. ByVsRTUK.  IMs.  1730. 


London    Magazine.      By    Charles   Lamb,    Hartley 

COLERIDGE,  TALFOOHD,  H.  SMITH,  THOMAS  HOOD,  ALLAN  CDNNIKO- 
HAM,  ELTON,  and  others.    15  Vols.  8vo,  half-calf.    21.  2f.     1820-26. 

The  Mirror  of  Literature,  Amusement,  and  Instruc- 
tion. A  Complete  Set  of  this  once  highly  popular  Periodical. 
47  Vols.  8vo.  Very  neat  uniform  set.  Half-calf,  a  I.  10*.  1823-46. 

Monboddo,  On  the  Origin  and  Progress  of  Language. 

6  Vols.  SYO,  calf,  gilt.    (Portrait  inserted.)    18s.  1773-92. 

Parismus,  The  Most  Famous,  Delectable,  and  Plea- 
sant History  of  the  most  Renowned  Prince  of  Bohemia.  4to,  calf, 
old  style.  H.  4s.  1704. 

Pasquinades  (from  Lord  Macaulay's  Library).  5  Vols. 

18mo,  calf.    22.2s.  1689-91. 

Percy  (Bp.),  Reliques  of  Ancient  English  Poetry. 

3  Vols.  crown  Svo,  half-morocco,  Roxburgh  style,  uncut.     (An 
elegant  edition.)   21s.  1839. 

Prynne  (W.),  Histrio  Mastix  ;  the  Player's  Scourge, 

or  Actor's  Tragedie.    Thick  4to,  calf.    H.  Is.  1633. 

For  writing  this  book,  Prynne  was  sentenced  by  the  Star  Chamber  to 
pay  a  fine  of  5,000?.,  to  be  expelled  the  University  of  Oxford,  to  lose  his 
ears  in  the  pillory,  and  to  be  imprisoned  for  life. 

Pultenham,  The  Arte  of  English  Poesie.  4to,  green 
morocco,  gilt  edges.  18s.  1589,  reprinted  181 1. 

Romances  of  Sir  Guy  of  Warwick  and  Rembrun  his 

Son.    Black  Letter.    4to.    Morocco  elegant,  by  Riviere.    31. 10s. 
Printed  for  private  circulation,  1840. 

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NOTES  :  —  The  "  Faerie  Queene"  Unveiled  —  Letter  from 
Sir  Christopher  Wren  —  Old  Churchwardens'  Accounts  — 
Photo-lithography  —  Ptolemy's  Knowledge  of  Africa  and 
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—  Old  Almanacs  —  Fly-Leaf  Scribblings  —  York  House 
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tion Sale  of  an  Estate  —  Bochart  —  Camden's  "  Britannia  " 

—  Dr.  Chamberlaque  —  Chatham's  Last  Words  —  Domes- 
day and  its  Difficulties  —  "Dublin  University  Review"  — 
Fast  —  "  The   Intrepid   Magazine  "  —  Robert  Johnson's 
"  Relations  "  —  "  Letters  on  literature  "  —  Notes  of  Ser- 
mons, 1754-5  —  Pike  of  Martin  —  The  Primrose  —  Regio- 
mqntanus  —  The  Sacrifice  of  Isaac  —  Obscure  Scottish 
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Archbishop  Leighton's  Library  at  Dunblane  —  Pope  and 
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121 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  AUGUST  15,  1863. 


CONTENTS.— N°.  85. 

NOTES:  — "The  Merchant  of  Venice,"  121  — The  Bruno- 
niad :  Rev.  Thomas  Foster,  B.A. :  Mary,  Countess  of  Pom- 
fret,  122  —  Early  Surnames,  Ib. — Verulam :  South  Myms, 
123  —  Letters  of  Charles  Catton,  124  —  Somersetshire  Wills, 
Ib. 

MINOB  NOTES:  —  Water-shed.—  The  Court  of  Session  — 
Multiplication  Table  —  Vicars  of  St.  Mary-Church,  Devon 

—  Summer  of  1724 — To  "  terrify  "— The  Maypole  in  the 
Strand  —  "  The  Book  of  Days : "  Bunyan's  Meeting  House, 
125. 

QUERIES:  — Sir  Ingram  Hopton,  127  —  Lord  Barkwood  — 
The  Venerable  Bede — Congius  Romaims —  Arms,  wanted 
Family  for  —  Epigram  by  D'Israeli  —  Fox,  the  Tinker  — 
Hartshorne— Heraldic  —  Theodore  Hook's  Lines  on  Moore 

—  Huish  —  Jones  —  Legacy    Duty  —  Doctor  Mac  Hale  on 
Parliamentary   Elections  — Pomeroy    Family  — Prebend 
Rectory  of  Lambister  —  Quotations  —  Epigram  on  Lord 
John    Russell  —  Roman    Uses  —  Somerville  —  Prince 
Schwartzenburg's  Epigram  on  Bayonets  —  Richard  Smith 

—  Tydides  —  Queen   Victoria  —  "Warden   of  the  Cinque 
Ports,  127. 

QUEEIES  WITH  ANSWEBS:  — Origenand  Britain— Venner 
of  Bosenden — The  Pale  —  "  Robin  Adair  "  —  Tomb  of  Ugo 
Foscolo  —  W.  Wilberforce  —  S.  Germanus,  130. 

REPLIES :  —  Archbishop  Leighton's  Library,  131  —  St. 
Patrick,  and  Venomous  Creatures  in  Ireland,  132  — Law  of 
Lauriston,  Ib.  —  Black  Hole  at  Calcutta,  &c. — Thomas, 
Duke  of  Norfolk  —  Madame  de  Genlis  —  Letters  on  Litera- 
ture —  Platform  —  "  He  who  fights  and  runs  away  "  —  Bath 
Hospital  —  Tanjibs  — Playing  "  Germands" —  "Oscotian 
Literary  Gazette  "  — Charron  "On  Wisdom"  —  Theodo- 
litus  —  Strange  Derivations :  Treacle,  Pontifex  —  Regi- 
ments in  America — America —  Waldo  Family,  &c.,  133. 


"THE  MERCHANT  OF  VENICE." 

This  delightful  play  is  such  a  universal  fa- 
vourite, and  is  on  the  whole  preserved  in  so  cor- 
rect a  state,  that  I  think  it  a  kind  of  duty  to  try 
to  remove  the  few  remaining  blemishes  ;  and  which, 
with  a  single  exception,  have,  as  far  as  I  know, 
remained  untouched  by  critics  and  commentators. 
In  Act  II.  Sc.  ] ,  Morocco  says  :  — 

"  Come,  bring  me  unto  my  chance." 
To  which  Portia  replies  :  — 

"  First,  forward  to  the  temple ;  after  dinner 
Your  hazard  shall  be  made." 

"  To  the  temple .'"  What  to  do  there  ?  Neither 
Aragon  nor  Bassanio,  who  were  Christians,  were 
taken  to  a  temple  or  church,  and  why  should  the 
Moslem  Morocco  ?  Surely  the  poet  wrote  table. 
So  obvious  is  this  correction,  that  on  my  stating 
to  my  sister  the  objections  to  temple,  she  instantly 
cried,  "  Sure,  it  ought  to  be  table  ;n  and  two  other 
trials  gave  the  same 'result.  It  really  reminds  one 
of  Columbus's  egg. 

"  Thus  ornament  is  but  the  guiled  shore 
To  a  most  dangerous  sea,  the  beauteous  scarf 
Veiling  an  Indian  beauty." — Act  III.  Sc.  2. 

Here  the  critics  have  seen  that  beauty  had  been, 
in  the  usual  manner,  suggested  to  the  printer  by 
the  preceding  'beauteous.  Hanmer,  therefore,  pro- 
posed dowdy,  and  Sidney  Walker  gipsy.  Both  I 


need  not  say  are  as  bad  as  bad  can  be  ;  and  I  will 
venture  to  assert,  with  the  utmost  confidence, 
that  the  original  word  was  feature — the  only  word 
perhaps  in  the  language  that  will  suit  the  metre 
and  the  context,  feature  (Old  Fr.  failure),  form, 
shape,  person,  was  a  word  in  frequent  use  with 
our  old  writers.  Thus  Ben  Jonson,  with  whom  it 
was  a  favourite,  renders  the  mulier  formosa  of 
Horace  (A,  P.  verse  4),  "  a  fair  female  feature ;" 
and  Milton  (Par.  Lost,  x.  279)  terms  Death  "  the 
grim  Feature." 

As  I  have  spoken  of  printers'  errors  and  their 
causes,  I  will  here  add,  that  one  of  these  was  the 
substitution  of  synonymes;  and  that,  therefore, 
in  — 

"  Gilded  timber  do  worms  enfold." — ii.  7, — 

we  should  probably  read  woods  with  Rowe,  and 
not  tombs  with  Johnson. 

"  I  pray  you  think  you  question  with  the  Jew. 
You  may  as  well  go  stand  upon  the  beach, 
And  bid  the  main  flood  bate  his  usual  height,"  &c. 

Act  IV.  Sc.  1. 

Surely  this  is  mere  nonsense,  and  yet  I  do  not 
recollect  any  attempt  at  correcting  it.  A  line 
may,  no  doubt,  have  been  lost ;  but  here  again  I 
read  with  confidence  — 

"  I  pray  you  stint  your  question  with  the  Jew." 

Everywhere  in  Shakspeare  stint  is  used  in  the 
sense  of  cease,  leave  off,  give  over : 

"  It  stinted,  and  said  Ay." 

Romeo  and  Juliet,  Act  I.  Sc.  3. 

"  .        .        From  which  lingering  penance 
Of  such  misery  doth  she  cut  me  off." 

Act  IV.  Sc.  1. 

A  syllable  is  evidently  lost  in  the  last  line. 
Some,  therefore,  read  "  a  misery."  I  read  "  deep 
misery,"  We  have,  "  such  deep  sin,"  Rich.  II. 
Act  I.  Sc.  1 ;  "  deep  grief,"  Hamlet,  Act  IV.  Sc.5. ; 
and  similar  expressions  elsewhere. 

« Be  it  so  much 

As  makes  it  light  or  heavy,  in  the  substance 
Or  the  division  of  the  twentieth  part 
Of  one  poor  scruple." — Act  IV.  Sc.  1. 

Here  we  get  both  force  and  correctness  by 
reading  Of  for  "  Or,"  in  the  third  line. 

With  these  few  corrections  added  to  those 
already  made,  the  text  of  the  Merchant  of  Venice 
may  be  regarded  as  almost  perfect.  I  will  take 
the  liberty  of  adding  here  a  couple  of  corrections 
in  the  other  plays,  where  editors  have  emended 
badly,  or  not  at  all  :  — 

"  That  monster,  Custom,  who  all  sense  doth  eat 
Of  habits,  devil,  is  angel  yet  in  this." 

Hamlet,  Act  III.  Sc.  4. 

No  one  ever  has  made,  or  can  make  sense  of 
this.  I  think  the  poet  wrote  create,  and  that  cr 
was  blotted  or  rubbed  out. 

"  Who  cannot  want  the  thought  how  monsterous 

It  was  for  Malcolm  and  for  Donalbain 

To  kill  their  gracious  father?  " 


122 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  AUG.  15,  '63. 


Surely  it  should  be  "  Who  can ;"  but  then  the 
metre  would  suffer.  Read  then,  We  for  "Who," 
and  put  a  period  for  (?),  and  what  excellent  sense 
emerges  ;  and  how  the  irony  is  increased  1 

In  conclusion,  I  shall  feel  very  thankful  to  any 
possessor  of  the  publications  of  the  Shakspeare 
Society  who  will  be  so  kind  as  to  lend  me  some 
half-dozen  of  them  for  a  short  time:  namely, 
Merry  Wives  of  Windsor,  Taming  of  a  Shrew, 
First  Part  of  the  Contention,  True  Tragedy  of 
Richard  Duke  of  York,  True  Tragedy  of  Richard 
III.  THOS.  KEIGHTLEY. 

Belvidere,  Erith,  Kent. 


THE  BRUNONIAD:  REV.  THOMAS  FOSTER,  B.A. : 
MARF,  COUNTESS  OF  POMFRET. 

We  estimate  highly  the  contributions  to  your 
columns  respecting  anonymous  works.  In  your 
1"  S.  ix.  573,  is  one  signed  ANAT.  on  the  author- 
ship of  the  Brunoniad.  This  unfortunately  has 
not  been  Indexed,  in  consequence  perhaps  of  its 
occurring  incidentally  in  a  communication  on  an- 
other subject. 

The  following  brief  particulars  respecting  the 
Rev.  Thomas  Foster,  the  author,  may  be  deemed 
worthy  of  record. 

He  was  son  of  Thomas  Foster,  LL.B.,  Vicar 
of  Ryhall  and  Rector  of  Tinwell,  in  Rutland, 
and  his  wife  Sarah,  daughter  of  the  Rev.  John 
Baskett,  and  was  baptised  at  Ryhall,  April  1, 
1770.  On  March  4,  1788,  he  was  admitted  a  pen- 
sioner of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge;  pro- 
ceeding B.A.,  1792.  In  Jan.  7,  1797,  he  was 
instituted  to  the  rectory  of  Tinwell  on  the  pre- 
sentation of  Henry,  Earl  of  Exeter.  He  married 
Susan,  daughter  of  William  Waters  of  Stanford, 
surgeon ;  and  died  without  issue  in  London, 
Feb.  8,  1798. 

ANAT.  states  that,  at  the  time  of  the  marriage 
of  Mary  Browne  of  Tolthorpe,  with  George,  third 
Earl  Pomfret,  "  her  servants  (as  was  believed  by 
order  from  their  mistress)  persevered  in  chiming 
the  only  two  bells  of  the  parish  church,  to  the 
hazard  and  annoyance  of  the  vicar's  wife,  just 
confined  of  her  first  child  in  a  room  hardly  a 
stone's  throw  from  it.  His  pupils  were  so  indig- 
nant, that  they  drove  away  the  offenders  and  took 
the  clappers  out  of  the  bells : "  and  Mr.  Foster 
made  the  circumstances  the  subject  of  the  Bru- 
noniad. 

ANAT.  gives  1790  as  the  date  of  the  Brunoniad, 
which  Watt  thus  describes :  — 

"  BRUNONIAD,  1790.  The  B.  a  Poem  in  six  Cantos. 
Lond. :  Kearsley.  4to.  3s.  6d." 

Now  the  marriage  of  George,  third  Earl  Pom- 
fret,  with  Mary,  surviving  daughter  and  heiress 
of  Thomas  Trollope  Browne,  Esq.,  of  Tolthorpe, 
did  not  take  place  till  August  29,  1793  (Blore's 


Rutland,  95 ;  Gent.  Mag.  Ixv.  (2)  860 ;    Annual 
Reg.,  1793,  p.  63). 

Perhaps  the  occasion  of  the  bells  being  rung 
was  the  attainment  of  the  lady's  majority,  which 
we  presume  was  in  1790. 

Mary,  widow  of  George,  third  Earl  Pomfret, 
died  Sept.  17,  1839,  aged  seventy;  but  in  the 
Gentleman's  Magazine  (N.S.  xii.  436),  she  is  mis- 
described  as  Amabel  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir 
Richard  Borough,  Bart.,  and  widow  of  Thomas 
William,  fourth  Earl  Pomfret.  This  error  was 
to  some  extent  corrected  in  the  next  number 
(ibid.  442)  ;  but  it  is  observable  that  her  real 
Christian  name  is  not  there  given,  and  in  the 
Annual  Register  for  1839  (p.  364)  the  originnl 
error  of  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  is  repeated. 
C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPEB. 

Cambridge. 

EARLY  SURNAMES. 

Mr.  Lower's  Patronymica  Britannica  is  very 
far  from  being  a  perfect  work;  but  in  stating 
this  fact  it  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  it  would 
be  almost  impossible  for  any  single  individual  to 
compile  a  complete  list  of  surnames.  Any  candid 
labourer  in  the  field  of  family  nomenclature  will 
admit  the  truth  of  my  assertion,  and  therefore 
while  honour  is  due  to  the  gentleman  we  have  just 
mentioned  for  the  ability  he  has  evinced  in  treating 
his  subject,  and  for  his  having  been  the  first  who 
threw  any  light  on  such  studies,  which  was  worthy 
of  remark,  we  cannot  but  repeat  that  we  are  very 
far  from  perfection  after  all.  The  question  then 
arises,  how  is  the  deficiency  to  be  remedied  ?  The 
answer  is,  by  the  contributions  of  those  who  have 
memoranda  in  their  possession  respecting  surnames 
hitherto  unheeded,  or  but  scantily  noticed,  to  the 
pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  There  are  not  a  few  per- 
sons who  hold  valuable  data  on  the  subject,  and  I 
would  appeal  to  them  to  forward  what  they  can 
towards  increasing  knowledge  respecting  this  in- 
teresting division  of  archaeology. 

I  enclose  a  list  of  rare  and  curious  appellations 
which  I  have  met  with  in  the  course  of  the  past 
fortnight.  I  believe  most  of  them  have  not  been 
alluded  to  in  any  previous  paper  of  this  kind. 
Should  you  think  my  communication  merits  in- 
sertion in  your  columns,  I  shall  be  happy  to  re- 
turn to  my  theme  on  a  future  occasion. 

Blackinthemouth. — A  William  Blackinthemouth 
appears  in  a  Roll  of  Amercements  for  London, 
1321.  (Record  Office:  Miscellaneous  parcel  of 
Fines,  No.  374.)  I  leave  the  reader  to  speculate 
on  the  origin  of  this  pretty  title.  In  the  north  of 
Ireland  they  speak  of  "  black-mouthed  Presby- 
terians." Query,  if  the  word  in  Master  William's 
case  referred,  figuratively,  to  some  disagreeable 
trait  of  character,  such  as  obtained  for  the  children 
of  the  kirk  their  pleasing  sobriquet  ?  or  had  the 


3^  S.  IV.  AUG.  15,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


123 


poor  fellow  negroid  lips  ?  or  did  a  sweep  hit  his 
labial  members  ? 

The  same  document  furnishes  us  with  a  more 
unenviable  distinction  for  a  man  to  take  about 
with  him,  however — William  Felon.  Can  any 
charitable  person  suggest  a  more  pleasant  meaning 
of  the  word  than  "  convict "  ?  Perhaps  not ;  and  if 
so,  Mr.  Bugg — beg  pardon  — Mr.  Howard,  should 
console  himself.  After  all,  Bijgg  is  as  old  at  least 
as  the  reign  of  Henry  III.,  and  probably  never 
originally  meant  what  fastidious  people  call  now- 
a-days  a  B  flat. 

Shall  we  dare  to  suggest  that  a  distinguished 
Royal  Academician's  ancestor,  several  hundred 
years  ago,  was  not  quite  so  truthful  as  he  might 
have  been  ?  What  does  the  peruser  say  to  John 
Makelyse,  who  figures  in  a  Miscellaneous  Assize 
Roll  in  Wilts,  circ.  1320.  Perhaps  poor  John  or 
John's  progenitors  told  fibs ;  perhaps  we  err. 
But  pray  what  becomes  of  the  lyse  if  they  are  not 
"  stories  "  in  that  case  ? 

Henry  Foxhangre  was,  I  fear,  a  descendant  of  a 
vulpicide.  He  is  to  be  met  with  in  a  Gaol  De- 
livery Roll  of  37  Edward  III.,  county  Wilts. 

The  name  of  Antioche  existed  in  Dorsetshire 
36  Ed.  III.,  if  not  previously.  This  is  an  in- 
teresting memento  of  some  crusading  house.  (Q. 
D.  Rolls,  36  Ed.  III.) 

Stephen  de  Pendlesworth. —  I  find  in  a  Gaol 
Delivery  Roll,  10  to  22  Ed.  III.,  Pendlesworth 
was  a  village  in  Wiltshire,  existing  certainly  till 
1400  (Subsidy  Rolls),  but  all  trace  of  its  localiza- 
tion is  lost  since  then. 

Blakebird  is  in  a  Misc.  Assize  Roll,  7  Ed.  I. 
Richard  Cokrobyn  was  of  Wilts,  9  Ed.  III.  Vide 
M.  A.  Roll  of  that  date. 

Stranger  than  all  these  is  the  Devil!  By  a 
Gaol  Delivery  Roll,  11  Ed.  II.,  know  all  men 
that  unfortunate  William  le  Devel  was  killed  near 
Mells  in  Somerset. 

Among  others  I  have  lately  come  across  I  may 
enumerate  the  following ;  they  are,  with  very  few 
exceptions,  of  the  reign  of  Ed.  II.  and  Ed.  III.  I 
hope  to  treat  of  them  at  greater  length  here- 
after : 

Lychepole,  Whytehod,  Swetchild,  Portebrief, 
Kikk,  Lovesweyt,  Fughalare,  Goldhord,  Phe- 
lipesclerk,  Tonesman,  Spademan,  Under-the-Or- 
chard,  Thomasesheyward,  The  Rokele,  Bole- 
child,  Fleshmongere,  Derbyshire,  Breakbred, 
Happelove,  Ryghtwys,  Le  Shepester,  Walklate, 
Scorchebeef,  Thonderloud,  Williamservant,  Wol- 
mongere,  Shakelcross,  Person  fischer,  Falldew, 
Goseflech,  Spilewyn,  Buryman,  Handsex,  Mais- 
terrichardscervaunt,  Foukesbaillif,  Goldlock, 
Nicholeservant,  Courtpreest,  Wetebody,  Garlek- 
inongere,  Newehosbond,  Ouerthemarket,  Ri- 
chardesbaillif  de  la  Ryvere,  The  Baillif  of  the 
Hundred  of  Worth,  Habdassch,  Howeshort. 

•V.  -v. 


VERULAM:  SOUTH  MYMS. 

I  was  lately  in  the  neighbourhood  of  St.  Alban's, 
and  seized  the  opportunity  of  making  a  pilgrim- 
age to  the  shrine  of  the  great  proto-martyr  of 
England.  A  little  way  out  of  the  town  I  dis- 
covered an  ancient  church  dedicated  to  St. 
Michael,  and  _one  probably  overlooked  by  most 
visitors  from  its  nearness  to  the  glorious  abbey. 
It  is,  however,  worthy  of  being  better  known  on 
account  of  a  very  handsome  monument  to  Lord 
Bacon  in  the  chancel,  bearing  an  elegant  Latin  in- 
scription, which  I  regret  being  unable  to  recollect. 
There  is  also  shown  a  most  quaint  and  curious  pic- 
ture of  the  resurrection,  which  till  lately  helped  to 
separate  church  and  chancel  in  the  hideous  fashion 
common  under  the  sway  of  the  earlier  Georges. 
But,  amongst  many  things  deserving  notice,  the 
most  interesting  is  a  very  old  map  of  Verulam, 
much  discoloured  and  spoilt  by  reason  of  age,  but 
still  distinct  enough.  Can  any  of  your  readers 
inform  me  whether  this  has  ever  been  copied  and 
published  ?  Surely  such  an  interesting  relic  as  a 
map  of  the  former  capital  of  England  should  not 
be  left  to  moulder  away  unknown. 

About  six  miles  from  this  is  the  parish  church  of 
South  Myms,the  registers  of  which  are  well  worthy 
of  inspection.  They  are  kept  in  a  small  folio  volume, 
commencing  in  the  year  1558,  and  written  in  a 
very  clear  hand.  Soon  after  the  martyrdom  of 
King  Charles,  the  justice  of  the  peace  appears,  ac- 
cording to  the  irreligious  law  of  Cromwell,  pre- 
siding at  marriages ;  and  the  act  for  "  burying  in 
woollen "  seems  to  have  been  duly  complied  with 
about  the  year  1685.  In  the  beginning  of  the 
eighteenth  century,  however,  when  ecclesiastical 
affairs  were  so  much  neglected,  the  writing  be- 
comes a  mere  scribble,  and  the  entries  themselves 
very  careless.  Take,  for  instance  — 

"  Jan1?  27,  1738.  A  child  buried. 
Dec.  8,  1731.  A  man  from  the  workhouse  buried. 
April  1, 1723.  A  stranger  buried." 

I  was  rather  puzzled  by  two  entries  of  about 
the  same  period,  which  the  vicar,  who  kindly  gave 
me  the  range  of  the  books,  pointed  out  to  me. 
They  are  — 

"Nov.  18, 1706.  A  nurse  child  from  Dame  Ethering- 
ton's.  The  Queen's  duty  was, paid,  which  was  four  shil- 
lings. 

Aug.  12, 1734.  A  purge  child  buried." 

Perhaps  some  of  your  readers  learned  in  such 
matters  may  be  able  to  explain  them.  In  con- 
cluding this  notice  of  Myms,  briefer  than  it  de- 
serves, I  would  ask — unde  nomenf  It  has,  I 
believe,  puzzled  many  philologists. 

Jos.  HARGROVE. 

Clare  Coll.  Camb. 


124 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*d  S.  IV.  AUG.  15,  '63. 


LETTERS  OF  CHARLES  CATTON.* 

I  send  a  copy  of  another  of  Cation's  letters. 
Hogarth's  adventure  at  Calais  on  a  similar  occa- 
sion (the  origin  of  the  picture  of  "  The  Roast 
Beef  of  Old  England"),  is  related  in  Nichols's 
Life  of  Hogarth,  vol.  i.  p.  145. 
Charles  Cation,  R.A.,  to  Mrs.  Cation,  in  the  Close,  Norwich. 

"  London,  Oct.  29,  '69. 
"  Dear  Aunt, 

"  You  were  much  mistaken  when  you  thought  I  had 
been  to  the  West  Indies.  I  only  went  to  France] —  for  I 
hate  people  that  have  not  seen  France. 

"  Pray  Monsieur,  how  long  did  you  stay  ?  I  staid  all 
day.  I  am  now  so  perfectly  acquainted  with  the  world, 
that  I  know  all  Ladies  have  an  itching  inclination  to 
know  every  thing  about  it  —  am  likewise  so  perfectly 
polite  in  consequence  of  my  tour,  that  I  will  inform  some 
of  them  how  the  thing  came  to  pass :  —  Having  occasion 
to  go  to  Canterbury,  I  sett  out  from  London  Fryday 
morng — proposed  to  myself  to  take  the  advantage  of 
seeing  Dover,  and  returng  to  London  Monday  following. 
Whilst  I  thought  myself  snug  and  unknown,  a  company 
of  my  friends  poured  in  upon  me;  and  after  the  first 
transports  were  over,  informed  me  they  were  making  a 
three  weeks  tour  thro'  Ghent,  Lisle,  &c.  —  most  earnestly 
begd  me  accompany  them  to  Dunkirk.  The  English 
Engineer  being  one  of  the  company,  promised  himself 
much  pleasure  in  showing  me  the  works.  We  sett  out  a 
very  bad  Sunday  morug  from  Dover:  a  most  violent 
storm  oblidged  us  to  put  into  Calais.  After  clean'g  and 
refresh'g  themselves,  my  fr'ds  took  coach  and  left  me 
there;  as  I  was  convinced  I  shou'd  find  entertainment 
enough  for  the  time  I  cou'd  stay — proposing  to  return  to 
Dover  next  morng,  but  was  detain'd  till  Tuesday.  Gott 
into  London  again  Wednesday  noon.  I  was  sick  in  the 
storm.  The  Captain  not  being  acquainted  with  my  mo- 
tives for  keeping  upon  deck  (i.  e.  to  see  the  violent 
motion  of  the  elements  and  the  sailors'  distresses),  thought 
me  a  madman ;  swore  I  ought  to  be  drown'd  for  taking 
such  a  terrible  wash'g :  threat'ned,  if  I  did  not  submitt 
to  be  shutt  down  in  the  hold  with  the  passengers,  who 
were  at  prayers  most  devoutly,  he'd  throw  me  overboard. 
I  in  turn  bullied  him :  told  him  that  in  consequence  of 
my  being  in  the  vessell  it  might  gett  safe  to  land,  and  he 
and  his  men  come  to  be  hanged.  In  my  return  not  sick 
at  all.  I  made  two  very  accurate  drawings  at  Calais  at 
the  risque  of  my  liberty.  Hogarth  drew  the  Gate  we 
enter  from  England.  I  took  La  Porte  Royal,  thro'  wh 
we  go  to  Paris,  &c. ;  likewise  the  ramparts,  with  the 
great  Crucifix.  Our  English  nobles  and  gents  are  much 
surprised  at  them.  L'1  March,  with  a  ifrench  Marquis, 
questioning  me  about  them,  I  told  them  I  trusted  to  my 
memory,  hav'g  carefully  considered  them  upon  the  spot : 
for  indeed,  the  Officer  on  Guard  wou'd  hazard  his  com- 
mission if  it  cou'd  be  proved  that  he  had  seen  me.  He 
did  indeed  examine  me  at  five  o'clock  o'the  morng;  but 
I  sett  a  bold  English  face  on  the  matter,  and  eluded  him. 
There  is  much  drollery  in  ye  tale,  but  'tis  too  long  for 
this  paper. 

"  I  continue  to  lead  a  solitary  life.f  The  Lassy  you 
mention  may  be  very  good — is  not  striking.  I  have  no 
information  what  her  fortune  will  be — wch  surely  it  does 
not  misbecome  me  to  say  is  a  material  consideration. 
Indeed,  as  custom  is  second  nature,  I  am  not  now 
much  inclin'd  to  change  my  mode  of  living.  If  I  can 


*  Continued  from  3rd  S.  iii.  211. 

f  His  wife  died  in  the  summer  of  17G2. 


spare  time,  when  I  write  again,  I'll  make  amends  for  the 
shortness  of  this  epistle.    In  the  mean  time,  I  remain, 
"  Yr  affectionate, 

"  C.  CATTON. 

"  Little  Charles  was  very  well  when  I  heard  last  from 
him.    Goes  on  very  well." 

F.  N. 


SOMERSETSHIRE  WILLS. 

* 

I  now  give  four  more  examples  of  testamentary 
dispositions  of  the  Reformation  period.     The  first 
is  a  copy  of  the  will  of  John  Horsey,  one  of  an 
old  Somersetshire  family  of  that  name  :  — 
"  T.  Johannus  Horsey  de  Somerton. 

"  In  the  name  of  God,  Amen.  The  yeare  of  owre  lord 
god  MCCCCCXXXIX,  and  the  xxi  day  of  december,  I, 
John  Horsey,  of  the  p'yshe  of  Somerton,  beyinge  of  good 
and  parfytt  mynd,  mayke  my  testament  and  last  Wyll 
in  this  raaner  and  forme  folowyng:  Fyrst,  I  bequethe 
my  sowle  vnto  allmyghtie  god,  and  my  bodie  to  be 
buried  in  the  Churche  of  Seynt  Michaell  of  Somerton. 
Also,  I  bequethe  to  the  Mother  Churche  of  Wells  iiijd. 
Item  to  the  Churche  of  Somerton,  x«.  It'm  to  the  Churche 
of  Northover,  viijd.  To  the  Churche  of  Ilchester,  viijd. 
To  the  Churche  of  Lymyngton,  viijd.  It'm  to  the 
Churche  of  Yevylton,  viijd.  To  the  Churche  of  Podymor 
Mylton,  viijd.  To  the  Churche  of  Kyngesdon,  viijd. 
To  the  Churche  of  Charlton  Makerell,  viijd.  To  the 
Churche  of  Compton,  viijd.  Also  I  bequethe  to  Richard 
and  Robert,  my  sonnes,  all  the  stuffe  w'thin  my  shoppe. 
And  yf  the  one  die  before  they  be  marled,  or  of  lawfull 
age,  then  yt  shall  remayn  to  the  other.  And  they  die 
bothe,  yt  shall  remayn  to  their  mother.  It'm,  to  the 
sayd  Richard  and  Robert  iiij*  of -money  and  ij  heyfers 
w't  the'crese.  The  residew  of  my  goods  nott  bequethed,  I 
geve  and  bequethe  to  Elizabethe,  my  wyflfe,  whome  I 
mayke  my  trew  Executrix,  to  dispose  parte  of  my  goods 
as  shall  seme  to  her  most  best.  Wyttnesse  hereof,  Um- 
frey  Blowton  and  Thomas  Cocks,  w*  other  moo  Maj'ster 
John  Porter  and  Cuthbert  Hyllaker,  Clarke,  Vicar  there, 
to  be  my  ov'seers." 

The  second  example  is  a  copy  of  the  will  of 
Cristine  Whityng,  in  all  probability  a  near  rela- 
tive of  Richard  Whitynge,  the  last  Abbot  of 
Glastonbury.  The  Whitynges  were  chiefly  set- 
tled at  Shepton  Mallet,  but  some  of  the  name 
resided  at  Burnham,  and  others  in  the  neigh- 
bouring parish  of  Worle  :  — 

"  Test.  Cristine  Whitynge  de  Burneham. 

"  In  dei  no'ie  Amen.  The  year  of  our  Lord  1541.  I, 
Cristian  Whitynge,  hole  of  mynd  and  memory,  make  this 
my  Testament  and  last  will,  yn  forme  and  man'  following. 
Fyrst  I  bequeth  ray  sowle  to  Allmyghty  God,  and  my 
body  to  be  sburyd  yn  the  Churchyeard  of  Burneham. 
Item,  to  Saynt  Andrews  of  Welles,  ij'1.  Item  to  Saynt 
Andrew  of  Burneham,  iiij'1.  Item  to  the  hye  Auter,  iiijd. 
Item  to  the  hye  Crosse  halfe  a  bowsshell  of  wheat.  Item 
to  oure  Ladi  S'vys  my  best  gowne.  To  Saynt  Nicholas 
Aut'r  S'vyse  a  bowsshell  of  hemp.  The  resyde.w  of  my 
goodis  I  geve  and  bequethe  to  my  Childer  Richard  and 
Agnes,  whom  1  make  my  executors.  Thes  beyng  witnys 
S'r  John  Slocle,  John  Harte,  w't  many  others.  I  make 
my  overseers  John  Golle,  Robert  Davy,  and  Rich.  More. 

"Probatum  fuit  p.  Testament.  cor.'Magr.  Johe  Daws, 
in  eccl'ia  p'och.  de  Est  Brent  v'°  die  mensis  Decembris 
Anno  D'm,  1541." 


.  IV.  AUG.  15, '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


125 


The  third  example  is  a  copy  of  the  will  of 
Richard  Sheriffe,  of  Castle  Carey.  The  respected 
vicar  of  that  parish,  the  Rev.  R.  J.  Meade 
(a  great  archa3ologist  and  antiquary),  will  be 
amused  should  his  eye  fall  on  the  curious  and  ex- 
traordinary gifts  to  his  parish  church : — 

"  Te'tu.  Ric.  Sheriff  a'ls  Osteler  de  Castelcarey. 
"  In  dei  nomine,  Amen.  The  year  of  our  Lord  1541, 
xxii  day  of  September.  I  Ric.  Slieryff  make  my  Testa- 
ment and  last  wyll  yn  forme  and  man'r  followyng.  Fyrst, 
I  bequethe  my  sowle  to  Almighty  God,  my  body  to  be 
buryd  yn  the  Churchyeard  of  Castelcarey.  It'm,  I  be- 
quethe to  the  church  of  Castellcarey  a  bowsheli  of  wheat. 
It'm  to  the  brotherrede  of  Castellcarey  a  bowsheli  of 
wheat.  Item  to  my  gostlye  father  xxd.  It'm  to  my 
dowghter  Crystyan,  of  Wells,  a  bowsheli  of  wheat  and  a 
bowsheli  of  drege.  The  resydew  of  my  goods  not  gevyn 
no'  bequethed,  I  geve  and  bequeth  to  my  dowghter  Alis, 
whom  I  make  my  executrix  to  se  my  detts  payde,  &c. 
These  beyng  witnis,  —  John  Kyck,  Stephen  Hellyar, 
Will'm  Roke,  and  Robert  Gypson,  w't  others. 

"  Probatum,   fuit  p   Testamentu.  cora.   Magro  Joh'e 

Dawis,  in  ecclia  Cath.  Wellen.  iij  die  Mensis  Octo- 

bris  anno  D'ni,  1541." 

The  fourth  example  is  a  copy  of  the  will  of 
John  Blewett  of  the  old  borough  of  Axbridge. 
"  T.  Johannis  "Blewett'.de  Axbruge. 

"  In  dei  No'ie  Amen.  The  yeare  of  o'r  lorde  God 
MCCCCCXL  [15411  and  the  xiiij  day  of  the  monethe  of 
Marche,  I  John  Blewett,  of  hole  mynd  and  good  re- 
membrans,  mayk  my  last  wyll  in  this  maner  and  forme 
followyng.  First,  I  bequethe  my  sowle  to  almighty  God, 
to  ouve  blessed  ladie,  and  to  all  the  holie  compaiij'e  of 
heavyn,  my  bodie  to  be  buryed  in  the  churchyard  of 
Saynt  John  in  Axbruge.  Also  I  bequethe  to  the  mother 
churehe  of  Wells  jd.  Also  I  bequethe  to  the  hie  auter  in 
Axbruge  jd;  also  I  geve  to  the  Trinytie  lyght,  to  the 
Roode  lyght,  and  to  Seynt  Crispyn  and  Crispinyanes 
lyght,  to  ev'y  one  of  these  lyghts,  a  peny  a  pece.  All 
the  residew  of  my  goods  not  bequethed,  I  geve  and  be- 
quethe yt  to  Alys  my  wyffe,  and  to  Maude  my  dowghter, 
whome  I  mayke  my  full  executors.  Wyttnesse  hereof 
S'r  Richarde  Browne,  curatt,  Richard  Blewett,  Morrys 
Browne,  Thomas  Ball,  w't  other  moo." 

INA. 

Wells,  Somerset. 


WATER-SHED.  —  A  very  unnecessary  objection 
has  been  used  for  this  comprehensive  curt  desig- 
nation of  the  passing  of  waters  down  the  two  op- 
posite sides  of  an  eminence.  At  Donauschingen,  a 
house  is  usually  pointed  out,  from  whose  eaves 
the  rain  on  one  side  descends  to  the  Danube,  on 
the  other  to  the  Rein.  The  objection  seems  to  be 
that  we  take  the  word  from  the  German  scheiden, 
to  divide ;  but  both  Fatherland  and  ourselves 
have  it  from  a  much  older  language.  The  Anglo- 
Saxon  has  numerous  derivatives  from  sceadan,  to 
separate  or  divide ;  as  scedan,  to  shed ;  scede- 
land,  divided  land.  Beside  the  German  scheiden 
is  a  neuter  verb,  our  to  shed  is  an  active  one,  as 
to  shed  tears ;  and,  though  rather  a  far-fetched  elu- 


cidation, when  we  shed  tears  from  two  eyes,  the 
prominent  nose  may  be  considered  as  the  shed 
between  both  streams. 

WILLIAM  BELL,  Phil.  DE. 

THE  COURT  OF  SESSION.  —  For  a  considerable 
period  after  the  union  of  England  and  Scotland, 
the  Court  of  Session  (the  Supreme  Civil  Court  of 
the  latter  country)  appears  to  have  assumed 
powers  of  very  questionable  authority.  Among 
these  was  the  singular  and  hardly  credible  one  of 
regulating  the  sale  of  beef  and  mutton  by  weight 
in  the  Edinburgh  market;  on  which  subject  I 
extract  the  following  dignified  provision  from  an 
Act  of  the  Court  of  date  December  7th,  1734  :  — 

"  That  there  be  no  sale  made  of  mutton  or  of  beef  but 
by  Trois  weight,  heads,  knaps,  tongues  and  marrow  bones 
cut  out  by  themselves  excepted." 

This  enactment  seems  to  have  been  found 
grinding  or  inoperative,  for  their  lordships,  by  a 
subsequent  Act  (January  24th,  1736)  kindly  ex- 
empted from  its  operation  "  the  following  pieces 
of  flesh,  viz.,  knap-layers,  mid-layers,  shoulder- 
layers,  and  craigs  or  necks."  What  I  have  re- 
ferred to  will  be  found  in  the  printed  Acts  of 
Sederunt  of  the  Court  published  in  1790;  but  as 
that  publication  is  little  known  out  of  the  legal 
profession  in  Scotland,  and  as  the  matter  is  curi- 
ous (ludicrous  is  probably  a  more  suitable  phrase), 
it  has  occurred  to  me  that  it  merits  preservation 
in  your  widely  circulated  journal.  S. 

MULTIPLICATION  TABLE.  —  It  is  well  known  that 
after  a  Table  of  Logarithms,  no  table  is  so  useful 
to  mathematicians  as  a  large  multiplication  table. 
The  following  must  be  very  rare,  as  it  is  not 
entered  in  the  revised  article  "  Tables  "  in  the 
English  Cyclopedia,  —  "  Upamm-h  ....  en  Benetia 
(Venice),  1813,  16mo."  This  is  a  table  extending 
to  100  times  100.  The  title  is  copied  from  the 
Hon.  Fred.  North's  copy  now  in  the  Muse  am,  press 
mark  870  a.  24.  WM.  DAVIS. 

VICARS  OF  ST.  MART-CHUKCH,  DEVON.  — 
The  following  list  of  Vicars  of  St.  Mary-Church, 
drawn  up  with  great  care  and  accuracy  from  the 
Records  of  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Exeter  by 
Colonel  Harding  of  Exeter,  and  the  Rev.  R.  H. 
Barnes,  the  present  Vicar  of  S.  Mary-Church,  was 
published  in  the  Torquay  Directory  of  July  22.  I 
think  it  is  worthy  of  being  embalmed  in  your 
pages,  as  such  lists  are  always  useful  for  genealo- 
gical and  other  purposes. 

"  The  following  list  of  the  Vicars  of  St.  Mary-Church 
is  taken  from  the  Bishop's  Registers  :  — 

Robert  Maloylsch,  instituted  10th  August,  1313. 
Robert  de  Lustleigh,  7th  June,  1347. 
John  de  Brassyngten,  10th  April,  1349. 
Robert  de  Exelrigge,  26th  August,  1349. 


John  Otery,  7th  March,  1397. 
John  Carvargh  or  Curburgh. 


126 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  15,  '63. 


John  Alnethecote,  22nd  June,  1415. 

Geoffry  Veale,  16th  September,  1422. 

John  Yuyll,  24th  March,  1432-3. 

John  Bele,  22nd  July,  1463. 

William  Dobyn,  4th  March,  1465-6. 

John  Frygam,  23rd  February,  1473-4. 

William  Denys. 

Robert  Tedbury,  18th  June,  1518. 

Nicholas  Maynewayryng,  13th  February,  1532-3. 

John  More,  23rd  December,  1538. 

John  Broke,  24th  August,  1554. 

Peter  Lyte,  30th  September,  1580. 

Nicholas  Marston. 

Robert  Ball,  20th  September,  1624.  (Said  to  have 
worked  for  his  maintenance  at  the  limestone  quarries,  in 
the  parish,  during  the  great  rebellion.) 

William  Raynolds,  17th  June,  1674. 

John  Campion,  19th  May,  1682. 

James  Salter,  4th  September,  1688. 

James  Salter,  2nd  March,  1718. 

John  Feaver,  9th  July,  1767. 

Edward  A.  Kitson,  1st  March,  1799. 

George  M.  Coleridge,  16th  July,  1827. 

William  Maskell,  24th  July,  1847. 

James  Ford,  15th  July,  1850. 

Alexander  Watson,  18th  September,  1851. 

Henry  J.  Newland,  12th  October,  1855. 

Reginald  Henry  Barnes,  llth  September,  1860." 

ALFRED  T.  LEE. 

SUMMER  OF  1724. — The  following  extract  oc 
curs  among  the  admissions  to  Gray's  Inn,  to  which, 
by  the  kind  courtesy  of  Mr.  Boswood,  the  steward, 
I  have  been  allowed  access.  The  date  of  1723 
has  been  altered  in  pencil  to  1724.  I  should  be 
glad  to  know  if  the  summer  of  either  of  those 
years  was  remarkable  for  fine  weather :  — 

"  26  October,  1723. 

Memdum.  This  day  was  brought  up  to  the  Bench  table 
in  Gray's  Inn  Hall  both  Strawberrys  and  Rasberrys,  a 
handsome  plate  of  each,  fresh  and  good  as  they  were  any 
time  in  either  May  or  *  July  before,  and  at  a  very  rea- 
sonable price ;  and  the  same  day  they  were  cryed  about 
the  streets." 

GEORGE  E.  ADAMS. 
Heralds'  College,  E.G. 

To  TERRIFY. — It  has  been  suggested  that  pecu- 
liarities of  dialect,  now  so  rapidly  disappearing, 
should  be  noted.  I  therefore  give  the  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  the  following :  — 

One  morning  last  week  I  descended  to  the 
drawing  room  early,  hoping  to  find  on  the  table 
something  I  had  carelessly  left  on  it  the  evening 
before.  My  search  was  in  vain.  The  article 
sought  for  was  neither  on  the  table  nor  under  it. 
I  called  the  housemaid,  and  explained  my  object. 
"  Then  if  you  please  it's  lost,"  was  her  conclusion, 
"  for  I  terrified  the  cloth  out  of  the  window."  I 
commended  her,  and  gave  up  my  point.  The  use 
of  the  verb  to  terrify,  in  the  sense  of  to  shake,  is 
surely  uncommon.  It  is  well  known  as  the  origin 
of  Terrier,  i.  e.  a  dog  that  destroys  by  vigorous 
shaking ! 

The  girl  is  a  native  of  Warwickshire.       C.  F. 

*  Sic.  the  month  of  June  being  omitted. 


THE  MAYPOLE  IN  THE  STRAND. — In  Cunning- 
ham's Handbook  of  London,  it  is  noted  that  the 
Maypole,  "being  grown  old  and  decayed,  was, 
anno  1717,  obtained  by  Sir  Isaac  Newton,  Knt., 
of  the  parish,"  and,  next  year,  carried  to  Wan- 
stead  park  for  the  raising  of  a  telescope.  This  is 
on  the  authority  of  Strype,  b.  iv.  pp.  104,  106, 
112.  Of  course  one  would  imagine  that  the  May- 
pole had  been  put  up  some  fifty  years  previously 
at  the  least.  I  have,  however,  lately  found  that 
it  was  only  put  up  four  years  previously,  namely, 
on  July  1st,  1713,  a  few  days  before  the  Thanks- 
giving Day  for  the  Peace  with  France,  which  I 
think  was  held  on  July  7.  My  authority  is  the 
British  Mercury.  After  four  years  the  pole  must 
still  have  been  as  good  as  new,  which  is  perhaps 
confirmed  by  the  use  to  which  it  was  put  by 
Newton,  a  new  one  being  for  that  purpose  better 
than  one  "  grown  old  and  decayed."  W.  P. 

"  THE  BOOK  OF  DAYS  : "  BUNYAN'S  MEETING 
HOUSE.  —  In  the  Book  of  Days,  vol.  ii.  p.  288, 
there  is  a  paper  on  John  Bunyan,  in  which  are 
introduced  some  statements  and  an  engraving 
which  appear  to  call  for  a  little  explanation.  The 
statements  are,  1st,  that  "in  Zoar  Street,  Gravel 
Lane,  there  is  an  old  dissenting  meeting-house, 
now  used  as  a  carpenter's  shop,  which  tradition 
affirms  to  have  been  used  by  John  Bunyan  for 
worship ;"  and,  2nd,  that  "  from  respect  for  the 
name  of  the  illustrious  Nonconformist,  we  have 
had  a  view  taken  of  the  interior  of  the  chapel  in  its 
present  state."  The  engraving  (placed  above  the 
second  statement)  is  a  woodcut  entitled  "Bun- 
yan's  Meeting  House,  Zoar  Street,  Southwark." 
This  cut,  published  in  1863,  as  a  view  of  the 
building  taken  for  the  work  in  which  it  appears, 
bears  so  close  a  resemblance  to  an  engraving  in 
Wilkinson's  Londina  Illustrata,  entitled  "  An  In- 
terior View  of  John  Bunyan's  Meeting  House, 
Zoar  Street,  Gravel  Lane,  Southwark,  in  its  pre- 
sent state,"  and  "published  December  1,  1822," 
as  to  lead  to  something  beyond  a  strong  suspicion 
that  it  has  been  copied  from  it ;  for  not  only  are 
the  features  of  the  building  the  same,  but  all  the 
accessories  —  the  materials,  tools,  &c.,  and  their 
disposition  about  the  shop,  the  solitary  workman 
at  a  bench,  everything  indeed,  save  the  figure  of 
a  dog,  which  is  omitted  in  the  Book  of  Days  —  are 
"dentical.  For  the  sake  of  topographers,  and 
ndeed  of  all,  whether  antiquaries  or  not,  who 
consider  it  essential  that  engravings  should  accu- 
rately pourtray  the  places  they  purport  to  repre- 
sent, I  would  ask  whether  it  can  possibly  be  the 
lact  that  this  building,  used  as  a  workshop,  has 
remained  completely  unchanged  for  a  period  of 
'brty-one  years  ? 

W.  H.  HUSK. 


S.  IV.  AUG.  15,  '68.] 


NOTES  AND  QTJEKIES. 


127 


SIR  INGRAM  HOPTON. 

I  found  the  original  letter,  of  which  the  fol- 
lowing is  a  copy,  amongst  some  old  papers  which 
belonged  to  a  Mrs.  Smithies,  who  kept  a  public 
house  in  one  of  the  Water  Lanes  in  York.  It  is 
not  dated,  but  from  a  note  of  charges  indorsed,  I 
conjecture  it  was  written  in  1643  :  — 

"  Martin, 

"  I  must  confes  my  boyes  sicknes  doth  much  truble 
me,  soe  as  I  cannot  doe  the  beusines  I  am  ingaged  in 
without  much  truble  being  JI  cannot  be  satisfied  tell  the 
news  of  his  recovery.  I  desire  dayly  to  heare  of  him,  and 
without  he  be  in  daneger,  keepe  it  from  my  wife,  for  I 
know  she  hath  sorrow  sufficient :  besides  I  desire  to  know 
wheather  my  Coosen  Faux  goe  to  his  house  in  the  for- 
rest  Parck  or  noe,  and  if  he  doe  I  desire  my  wife  will 
remove  thither  whith  hir  children,  hoping  the  are  may  be 
verry  healthfull  for  them  besides  the  safetie  of  the  place. 
I  could  wish  you  with  me,  but  by  noe  meanes  stir  not  tell 
such  times  as  my  boy  be  perfectly  recovered ;  and  for  any 
sesment  the  Trators  can  lay  upon  me,  let  them  plunder  or 
use  theyr  owne  wayes  to  get  it,  for  I  rather  they  left  me 
not  worth  sixpens  that  way  then  they  should  have  a 
penny  given  them.  For  what  I  have  formerly  writ  for  I 
de§ire  may  be  sent  with  as  much  speede  as  you  can  to 
Pontifract,  if  they  cannot  come  with  James  Browne  to 
Shefeld.  Theare'is  a  note  captin  Portington  hath  con- 
cerning armes ;  if  he  leave  it  you  have  a  specyall  care  of 
following  that  beusiness,  and  as  you  get  them  send  them 
according  to  the  directyon  of  the  note  or  the  advise  of 
those  that  are  named  in  it.  When  you  come  to  me  I 
would  have  you  leave  what  mony  you  have,  and  the 
purse  of  mine  that  is  in  M™.  Smithies  hand  with  some 
you  dare  trust,  if  my  wife  before  that  be  not  come  to  the 
forrest  house,  for  I  heare  my  coosen  is  removing  and  will 
contribuit  any  thing  to  have  them  theare.  I  have  sealed 
the  bond,  and  desire  the  counter  bond  may  be  sealed  to 
you  for  my  use. 

"  Thus  in  hast  I  rest 

"  IN.  HOPTON. 

"  My  blessing  to  Raphe  and  Roger, 
and  spare  noe  cost  to  doe  him  good." 

In  Weir's  Sketches  of  Homcastle  there  is  an 
account  of  the  battle  of  Winceby  in  Lincoln- 
shire, on  the  llth  October,  1643,  in  which  Sir 
Ingram  was  slain  in  attempting  to  take  prisoner 
Cromwell,  then  but  a  Colonel  in  the  Parliamen- 
tarian Army.  It  is  stated  that  by  Cromwell's 
order  his  remains  were  interred  in  Horncastle 
Church,  and  that  there  is  a  monument  with  an 
inscription  to  his  memory  painted  on  a  lozenge- 
shaped  canvas  on  the  south  side  of  the  chancel, 
and  on  it  his  arms  are  also  painted. 

More  than  this  I  have  not  been  able  to  collect 
respecting  Sir  Ingram  Hopton,  but  I  should  like 
to  know  where  he  lived,  and  if  his  family  is  still 
represented.  I  should  like  also  to  be  informed 
whether  the  lozenge-shaped  canvas  still  remains 
to  keep  alive  the  memory  of  this  devoted  loyalist. 

G.  E. 


LORD  BARKWOOD.  —  In  the  "  Relation  of  the 
Imprisonment  of  John  Bunyan,"  published  in 
Bunyan's  Works,  is  the  following  passage,  forming 


part  of  a  conversation  that  passed  between  Bun- 
yan's wife  and  the  judges  of  assize  :  — 
.  "  My  Lord,"  said  she,  "  I  was  a  while  since  at  London 
to  see  if  I  could  get  my  husband's  liberty,  and  there  I 
spoke  with  my  Lord  Barkwood,  one  of  the  House  of 
Lords,  to  whom  I  delivered  a  petition,  who  took  it  of  me, 
and  presented  to  some  of  the  rest  of  the  House  of  Lords 
for  my  husband's  releasement." 

Who  was  Lord  Barkwood  ?  I  have  consulted 
Dr.  Stebbing's  edition  of  Bunyan's  Works  pub- 
lished in  1861.  In  the  Memoir  prefixed  to  the 
first  volume,  I  find  a  passage  that  runs  as  fol- 
lows :  — 

"  Provided  with  a  form  of  a  petition  to  the  House  of 
Lords,  and  a  recommendation  to  Lord  Barkwood,  she  set 
forth  on  her  journey  to  London.  The  benevolent  noble- 
man, upon  whose  influence  she  had  so  much  confided, 
listened  patiently  to  her  sad  tale,  aud  promised  his, best 
exertions  in  her  behalf.  Taking  the  petition,  he  con- 
sulted with  several  peers  as  to  the  surest  mode  of  giving 
it  effect.  'The  judges  alone  have  power  in  such  a 
matter,'  was  the  only  answer  he  could  obtain." 

In  this  passage  the  writer  of  the  Memoir  speaks 
of  the  "benevolent  nobleman,"  as  if  he  knew  some- 
thing about  him.  I  therefore  repeat  my  ques- 
tion— Who  was  Lord  Barkwood  ?  MELETES. 

THE  VENERABLE  BEDE.  —  In  the  public  library 
at  Norwich  is  a  small  volume,  in  which  are  bound 
together  three  works,  viz. :  — 

1.  "Commentaria  D.  Venerabilis    Bedae  in    quinque 
libros  Moysia,  jam  primo  in  lucem  edita.    Veneunt  Ant- 
verpia  in  intersigni  Rubri  Castelli."    [On  the  last  page 
is]  "Explicit  Expositio  in  librum  Deuteronomii  seditum 
a  Venerabili  Beda.    Antverpiaa  apud  Guilielmum  Monta- 
num,  Anno  Domini  MDXLII,  mense  Aprili." 

2.  "  Joannis  Trittenhemii  Abbatis  Spanhemensis  liber 
octo  quaestionum  quas  illi  dissoluendas  proposuit  Maxi- 
milianus  Caesar.    Coloniae,  impensis  Melchioris  Nouesiani. 
Anno  MDXxxmi." 

3.  "  Commentatio  quaedam  Theologica  quas  eadem  pre  • 
catio  est  de  industria  tanquam  in  Aphorismos  dissecta : 
Lectori  prsesertim  erudito  et  pio  multum  sane  placitura. 
Apud  Seb.  Gryphium.  Lugduni,  1539." 

I  am  not  aware  of  the  existence  of  any  other 
copy  of  this  work  of  Bede.  It  is  not  incorporated 
in  any  edition  of  his  collected  works,  nor  can  I 
find  any  mention  of  it  in  any  of  the  lists  given  by 
his  editors  or  biographers.*  Q. 

CONGITJS  ROMANUS.  —  I  have  in  my  collection 
a  bronze  Roman  vase,  of  very  peculiar  form, 
twelve  inches  high,  holding  six  pounds  (120 
ounces)  of  water,  bearing  the  following  inscrip- 
tion :  — 

IMP  .  CAESARE 

VfcSPAS  .  VI 
T  .  CAES  .  AVG  .  F.  IIII  co« 

MENSVRAE 

EXACTAE  .  IN 

OAPITOLIO 

P  .  X. 


Montanum,  in  intersigni  rubri  castelli,  8.  Antverp,  1542." 
—En.] 


128 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  AUG.  15,  '63. 


It  is  the  standard  measure  of  ten  pounds  in  the 
time  of  Vespasian,  and  is,  I  believe,  the  only  "Con- 
gius  Roinanus "  known.  An  engraving  of  it  is 
given  in  Pyramidographia,  by  John  Greaves,  Lon- 
don, 1646,  where  the  notice  of  it  is  in  these  words, 

"  ICON  CONGII  VESPATIANI  IN  PALATIO  FARNESIANO 

KOMJE."  My  query  is,  when  was  the  Farnese  col- 
lection dispersed,  and  if  there  be  any  known 
copies  of  this  congius  ?  If  so,  how  many,  and  in 
what  material  ? 

Greaves,  in  his  second  part,  p.  92,  says :  — 
"  At  my  being  in  Italy  there  was  found  amongst  the 
ruins  at  Rome  a  semicongius  of  brasse,  of  the  same  figure 
with  this  of  Vespasian's,  the  sides  much,  consumed  by  rust.   ! 
This  I  also  measured,  and  found  it  to  be  the  half  of  Ves- 
pasian's congius." 

What  follows  beats  the  greatest  beer-drinker  at 
any  German  kneipe :  — 

"  From  this  measure  of  congius  we  may  rightly  appre- 
hend how  vast  that  draught  was  of  Novellas  Torquatus, 
who  drank  three  of  these  congii  at  once :  from  whence  he 
was  called  Novellus  Tricongius." 

I  want  to  know  where  this  semicongius  is.  If 
in  any  public  or  private  museum  in  Italy  or  else- 
where. Also  I  should  like  to  know  the  etymology 
of  congius.  JOHN  DAVIDSON. 

ARMS,  WANTED  FAMILY  FOR.  —  To  what  family 
do  the  following  arms  belong,  "  Azure,  a  chevron 
ingrayled  between  three  eagles  displayed "  P  I 
believe  the  Gilberts  of  London,  temp.  Henry  VII. 

JlJXTA  TURRIM. 

EPIGRAM  BY  D'!SRAELI. — Could  any  reader  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  furnish  the  epigram  by  D'Israeli  con- 
taining a  criticism  on  Alison,  who  wrote  seven 
huge  volumes  to  prove  that  God  was  a  Tory  ? 

T.  B. 

Fox,  THE  TINKER. — In  Hamper's  Life  of  Dug- 
dale,  it  is  stated  — 

"  Sir  Thomas  Lyttelton  of  Frankley  was  taken  prisoner 
by  a  party  of  horse  sent  from  Egbaston  by  Fox  the 
Tinker,  to  Ticknell  Manor,  near  Bewdley." 

Who  was  Fox  the  Tinker,  and  what  is  known 
about  him  ?  THOMAS  E.  WINNINGTON. 

Stanford  Court,  Worcester. 

HARTSHORNE. — William  Hartshorne,  whose  son 
Richard,  born  in  1641,  emigrated  to  America,  had 
another  son  Hugh,  who  had  a  proprietary  interest 
with  William  Penn  in  West  Jersey.  A  grandson 
of  Hugh  instituted  chancery  proceedings  in  New 
Jersey  to  recover  his  grandfather's  proprietary 
rights  ?  Can  anything  be  learned  of  the  parentage 
of  William  ?  ST.  T. 

HERALDIC. — What  family  besides  that  of  "St. 
George  "  uses  the  following  crest :  Upon  a  wreath, 
arg.  and  az.,  a  demi-lion  rampant  gu.  ducally 
crowned,  or  ?  J.  ST.  GEORGE. 

Brighton. 

THEODORE  HOOK'S  LINES  ON  MOORE. — Theo- 
dore Hook's  talent  for  improvisation  is  well  known. 


It  is  said  in  Rogers's  Table  Talk,  that  when  sitting 
one  day  at  the  piano  singing  an  extempore  song, 
Moore  happened   to  look  into  the  room,  when 
Hook   instantly  introduced   a  long    parenthesis. 
Two  lines  only  of  this  are  given  in  Rogers :  — 
"  And  here's  Mr.  Moore 
Peeping  in  at  the  door." 

Can  any  reader  furnish  me  with  the  remainder  ? 

T.  BOOTH. 

HUISH.  —  There  are  in  the  West  of  England 
many  places  of  the  name  of  1  luish.  I  should  be 
thankful  to  be  told  by  any  reader  who  might  know 
either  of  them,  whether  it  is  by,  above,  or  on  high 
ground  above,  a  stream  of  water  ?  W.  BARNES. 

Came  Rectory,  Dorset. 

JONES.  —  Thomas  Lloyd,  the  first  Governor  of 
Pennsylvania,  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Gilbert 
Jones  of  Welshpool,  Montgomeryshire.  To  which 
of  the  Welsh  families  of  Jones  did  this  Gilbert 
belong?  In  Burke's  Commoners,  under  "Lloyd 
of  Dolobran,"  Thomas  Lloyd  is  said  to  have  mar- 
ried Mary,  daughter  of  Colonel  Roger  Jones  of 
Welshpool,  Governor  of  Dublin,  temp.  James  II., 
who  defeated  the  Marquis  of  Ormond,  &c.  This 
is  an  error.  Mrs.  Lloyd's  father  was  certainly 
Gilbert ;  and  I  believe  the  name  of  the  Colonel 
Jones  who  defeated  Ormond,  to  have  been  neither 
Gilbert  nor  Roger,  but  Michael.  ST.  T. 

LEGACY  DUTY.  —  A  lady  died  in  1797,  and  left 
a  legacy  on  which  two  per  cent,  duty  was  paid. 
Query,  the  relationship  between  the  testatrix  and 
legatee  ?  I  believe  there  is  now  no  such  rate  of 
duty  as  two  per  cent.,  nothing  between  one  and 
three.  R.  W.  DIXON. 

DOCTOR  MAC  HALE  ON  PARLIAMENTARY  ELEC- 
TIONS. —  About  seven  years  ago  Dr.  Mac  Hale, 
the  Roman  Catholic  Archbishop  of  Tuam,  gave 
evidence  before  a  committee  of  the  House  of 
Commons  as  to  the  duty  of  priests  or  bishops  of 
that  church  interfering  by  way  of  advice  with  the 
votes  of  the  members  of  their  flocks  at  parliament- 
ary elections.  In  the  wilderness  of  Blue  Books  I 
have  not  succeeded  in  discovering  a  report  of  this 
evidence.  Where  is  it  to  be  found  ?  GRIME. 

POMEROY  FAMILY.  —  I  much  desire  to  interest 
your  genealogical  correspondents  in  the  subjoined 
inquiry.  Who  was  the  father  of  Thomas  Pome- 
roy,  gentleman,  of  Trethynyk,  St.  Earney,  Corn- 
wall, who,  in  1598,  there  married  Mary  Geffrey, 
\jidow  ?  Arms,  a  lion  ramp,  gu.,  within  a  bordure 
engr.  sa.  Crest,  a  lion  sejant  gu.,  holding  in  the 
dexter  paw  an  apple  or.  A  long  and  unsuccessful 
search  for  this  object  has  been  professionally  made, 
which  may  somewhat  excuse  its  introduction  to 
"  N.  &  Q."  "  Philosophia  stemma  non  inspicit," 
may  serve  for  a  maxim,  but  in  the  business  of 
life  we  cannot  disregard  it.  Not  to  intrude  un- 
necessarily on  your  columns  a  question  of  mere 


3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  15,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


129 


family  interest,  important  to  the  furtherance  of  a 
will,  your  correspondents  will  oblige  by  address- 
ing, INQUIRER. 
Post  Office,  Guildford. 

PREBEND  RECTORY  OF  LAMBISTER.  —  In  the 
reign  of  William  III.  or  Queen  Anne,  Thomas 
Watson,  Bishop  of  St.  David's,  was  deprived  of 
his  bishopric.  As  Dean  of  the  College  of  Christ 
at  Brecon,  he  possessed  himself  of  and  carried 
away  all  the  muniments  and  ancient  deeds  per- 
taining to  the  college  at  Brecon.  I  am  searching 
for  the  original  deed  of  appropriation  of  the  Pre- 
bend Rectory  of  Lambister,  in  Radnorshire,  but 
hitherto  in  vain.  The  Record  Office,  Rolls  Build- 
ings, and  the  British  Museum  have  been  carefully 
searched.  It  is  not  in  either  place.  Can  any 
suggest  the  locus  in  quo  f  J.  C.  H. 

QUOTATIONS.  —  Where  do  the  following  lines 
occur :  — 

"  Love  thou  thy  sorrow :  grief  shall  bring 

Its  own  excuse  in  after  years ; 

The  rainbow — see  how  fair  a  thing 

God  hath  built  up  from  tears." 

I  quote  from  memory,  but  believe  my  version 
to  be  substantially  correct.  A.  H.  H. 

Amblesides. 

"What  is  the  blooming  tincture  of  the  skin 
To  peace  of  mind  and  harmony  within,"  &c. 

SIGMA. 

EPIGRAM  ON  LORD  JOHN  RUSSELL.  —  In  what 
year  did  Lord  John  Russell  (Earl  Russell)  lose 
his  seat  for  Devonshire,  or  was  defeated  in  a  con- 
tested election  for  that  county,  which  defeat,  as 
he  said,  was  caused.by  the  influence  of  the  clergy, 
and  gave  rise  to  an  epigram,  commencing  — 
"  Thou  ridden !  that  shall  never  be 
By  prophet  or  by  priest  ?  "  &c.  &c. 

Who  was  the  author,  and  what  is  the  conclu- 
sion of  this  epigram  ?  T.  B. 

ROMAN  USES.  —  Would  F.  C.  H.  or  any  of  your 
correspondents  answer  the  following  queries :  — 

1.  Does  a  bare-footed  religious  put  on  shoes 
when  the  celebrant  at  the  mass  ? 

2.  Is  the  cope  ever  used  by  the  officiating  priest 
at  mass  in  small  churches  ? 

3.  When,  and  by  whom,  was  the  Litany  of  Inter- 
cession for  England  written  ?     On  what  authority 
do  similar  compositions  rest,  and  are  they  ever 
publicly  recited  ? 

4.  What  religious  order   is    distinguished  by 
having  blue  instead  of  white  linen  collars  ? 

L.  J. 

SOMERVILLE.  —  Sir  Robert  Logan,  Laird  of 
Restalrig,  is  said  to  have  married  Geilles,  second 
daughter  of  Thomas  Lord  Somerville,  who,  in  my 
copy  of  the  Memorie  of  the  Somervilles,  vol.  i.  p. 
169,  is  said  to  have  been  the  son  of  Sir  John 


Somerville,  but  the  editor  says  in  a  note,  that  this 
must  be  a  mistake ;  and,  indeed,  intimates  through- 
out, that  the  work  is  by  no  means  trustworthy. 
Where  may  an  authentic  lineage  of  the  Somer- 
villes  be  found  ?  ST.  T. 

PRINCE  SCHWAETZENBURG'S  EPIGRAM  ON 
BAYONETS.  —  It  would  be  a  kindness  if  any  of 
your  readers  would  furnish  me  with  it  in  Eng- 
lish:— 

"  You  can  do  anything  with  bayonets,  except  sit  on  them." 

T.  BOOTH. 

RICHARD  SMITH,  titular  bishop  of  Chalcedon, 
was  born  in  Lincolnshire,  A.D.  1566,  and  died  in 
Paris  A.D.  1655  (Wood's  Athence  Oxon.,  sub.  nom.). 
I  am  anxious  to  know  what  was  his  native  place, 
and  where  I  shall  find  any  notice  of  his  ancestors 
and  family  connections  ?  What  arms  did  he  bear? 

GRIME. 

TYDIDES.  —  I  have  an  etching  which  represents 
a  Greek  warrior.  His  dress  is  classical,  except 
that  he  wears  a  bishop's  mitre  instead  of  a  helmet, 
and  his  shield  is  blazoned  with  the  sun  and  moon 
at  the  top,  and  seven  stars  below.  On  a  table  is 
a  head  in  a  clerical  wig  and  hat,  with  a  pair  of 
bands.  By  the  tide  {of  it  are  a  plate,  knife,  and 
fork.  Below  is  inscribed  "  Tydides."  There  is 
no  name  of  artist  or  publisher,  and  nothing  in  the 
print  enables  me  to  guess  its  date ;  but  with  it  is 
one,  like  in  style  and  paper,  lettered  "  Rhodes," 
with  one  figure,  the  overthrown  Colossus,  naked, 
except  a  jack-boot  on  the  right  leg,  and  bearing  in 
the  face  an  unmistakeable  likeness  to  Lord  Bute. 
This  suggests  the  date  of  about  a  century  ago ;  the 
drawing  of  both  is  very  good.  I  shall  be  glad  to 
be  told  the  meaning  of  "  Tydides."  F.  H. 

QUEEN  VICTORIA.  —  Can  any  of  your  Sussex 
readers  inform  me  whether  the  late  Duchess  of 
Kent  and  her  daughter,  then  Princess  Victoria, 
resided  for  a  season  at  Bognor  ?  F.  B. 

WARDEN  OP  THE  CINQUE  PORTS. — Amongst  the 
paintings  at  Knole,  Sevenoaks,  Kent,  is  — 

"A  Prospect  of  Dover  Castle,  with  the  Town,  Harbour, 
and  Country  adjacent,  and  the  Procession  of  the  Lord 
Warden  on  his  Return  to  the  Castle  after  having  taken 
the  Seriment  or  Oath  of  Office  at  a  Court  of  Shipway, 
held  upon  Bradenstone  Hill  for  that  purpose.  By 
Wootton." 

My  Query  is,  Who  is  the  Lord  Warden  whose 
procession  is  thus  depicted?  Lord  Palmerston 
is  the  present  Lord  Warden ;  and  to  commemo- 
rate his  holding  the  office,  an  admirer  of  the  pre- 
mier has  given  a  portrait  of  the  noble  Lord  to  the 
corporation  of  Dover.  ALFRED  JOHN  DUNKIN. 

Dartford. 


130 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  IV.  AUG.  15,  '63. 


CftunrteS 

ORIGEN  AND  BRITAIN.  —  De  Courson,  in  his 
Histoire  des  Peuples  Bretons,  vol.  i.  p.  59,  says : — 

"Origene  attribuait  a  la  foi  des  pretres  Bretons  en 
1'unite'  d'un  Dieu  tout  puissant,  les  rapides  progres  du 
christianisme  dans  1'ile  de  Bretagne." 

The  reference  is  "Orig.  Comment,  in  Ezech." 
What  are  the  words  of  Origen  to  which  De  Cour- 
son alludes  ?  H.  C.  C. 

[The  words  of  Origen  are,  "  Quando  enim  terra  Bri- 
tanniae  ante  adventum  Christ!  in  unius  dei  consensit  reli- 
gionem  ?  "  (Orig.  in  Ezek.  horn.  iv.  fol.  139,  Par.  1519.) 
This  is  the  passage  alluded  to  by  Bishop  Stillingfleet 
(Origines  Britan.  cap.  ii.)  "  Besides  the  testimony  of  Ter- 
tullian  concerning  the  British  churches,"  he  says,  "  we 
have  another  of  Origen  not  long  after,  who  saith,  'When 
did  Britain  before  the  coming  of  Christ  consent  in  the 
worship  of  one  God  ?  '  Which  implies  that  the  Britons 
were  then  known  to  be  Christians ;  and,  by  being  so,  were 

brought  off  from  the  former  idolatry But  I 

wonder  what  should  make  two  such  learned  antiquaries 
as  Mr.  Camden  and  Bishop  Godwin  so  far  to  mistake  the 
sense  of  Origen,  to  understand  him  as  if  he  had  said,  that 
Britain,  by  the  help  of  the  Druids,  always  consented  in 
the  belief  of  one  God,  whereas  it  is  very  plain,  that  Ori- 
gen speaks  of  it  as  a  great  alteration  that  was  made  in 
the  religion  of  the  Britons  after  the  coming  of  Christ. 
And  Origen  doth  not  only  speak  of  the  belief,  but  of  the 
worship  of  one  God,  which  it  is  certain  from  Caesar  that 
the  Druids  did  never  instruct  the  people  in."  Thus 
far  Stillingfleet  with  respect  to  his  version  of  the  pas- 
sage in  Origen.  Nevertheless,  it  has  been  maintained 
by  some  eminent  historical  antiquaries,  that  the  account 
given  by  Caesar  of  the  Druidism  of  Gaul  is  not  a  fair  pic- 
ture of  the  primitive  Druidic  religion  of  Britain,  which 
they  contend  is  not  without  some  oriental  features ;  that 
while  the  Druidic  priests  worshipped  in  groves  and  under 
the  oak  like  Abraham,  they  did  really  believe  in  the  ex- 
istence of  one  Supreme  Being.  See  Dr.  Parsons's  Remains 
of  Japheth,  ch.  iv. ;  The  Patriarchal  and  Druidical  Reli- 
gions Compared,  by  the  Eev.  Wm.  Cooke,  M.A.  Lond.  4to, 
1755;  and  The  Patriarchal  Religion  of  Britain,  by  the 
Rev.  D.  James,  8vo,  1836.] 

VENNER  OF  BOSENDEN.  —  Perhaps  some  of  your 
correspondents  could  give  me  some  information 
regarding  the  family  of  Venner,  who  were  latterly 
seated  at  an  estate  near  Canterbury  called  Bosen- 
den,  and  state  whether  their  descent  can  be  traced 
from  that  "  one  Venner, "  who,  according  to 
Burnet,  attempted  to  excite  a  rising  in  London 
on  religious  grounds,  in  the  reign  of  Charles  I. 
The  crest  of  the  family  is,  I  believe,  an  eagle  dis- 
played or,  winged  arg.  F. 

[Hasted,  in  his  History  of  Kent  (fol.  ed.  Hi.  574),  says 
of  the  manor  of  Bosendenne,  that  it  "  became  the  estate 
of  the  Kingsfords,  from  whom  it  passed  in  marriage  to 
Venner,  in  which  it  continued  till  Kingsford  Venner  of 
Chelsea,  in  the  year  1786,  alienated  it  to  George  Gipps, 
Esq.  of  Canterbury." 

In  Berry's  Genealogies  of  Kent,  p.  370,  the  pedigree 
given  of  the  family  of  Venour  or  Venner  commences  about 
the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  John  Venour  being  then  described 
as  of  Fields,  in  the  county  of  Sussex ;  and  is  not  carried 
further  down  than  1619,  when  John  the  son  of  George, 
and  Edward  the  son  of  Sir  Edward,  are  stated  to  have 
died. 


This  Sir  Edward  Venner  is  called  in  that  pedigree  a 
Judge  of  the  King's  Bench,  evidently  meaning  Sir  Ed- 
ward Fenner,  who  was  a  judge  of  that  court  from  1590 
till  1612 ;  and  who  is  described  by  Mr.  Foss  in  his  Judges 
of  England,v\.  152,  as  the  son  of  John  Fenner,  of  Crawley 
in  Surrey,  evidently  a  different  family.  See  Dallaway's 
Topog.  of  the  Rape  of  Chichester,  i.  16. 

We  will  not  venture  to  account  for  this  variation  in 
the  name,  which  is  made  still  more  puzzling  by  the  error 
on  the  judge's  monument  at  Hayes,  in  Middlesex,  where 
Jenner  is  substituted  for  Fenner. 

We  know  not  whether  the  "  one  Venner  "  of  Burnet 
belongs  to  either  of  the  families.] 

THE  PALE. — Where  can  I  find  the  best  account 
of  the  history  of  the  English  Pale  in  Ireland,  the 
counties  it  from  time  to  time  contained,  the  period 
when  it  was  first  established,  and  the  circum- 
stances under  which  it  was  finally  abolished  ? 

A.  T.  L. 

[A  valuable  notice  of  the  English  Pale  will  be  found  in 
Gerard  Boate's  Ireland's  Natural  History,  ed.  1657,  p.  7, 
and  reprinted  in  A  Collection  of  Tracts  and  Treatises  on 
Ireland,  1860,  vol.  i.  p.  17 ;  see  also  pp.  446  and  691  of 
the  latter  work.  The  territory  called  "  the  Pale  "  com- 
prehended the  county  of  Louth,  in  the  province  of  Ulster, 
and  the  counties  of  Dublin,  Meath,  and  Kildare,  in  the 
province  of  Leinster.  Prior  to  the  rebellion  of  1641,  the 
people  of  the  Pale  had  always  prided  themselves  on  their 
loyalty  to  the  crown  of  England ;  but  being  abandoned  at 
this  time  by  the  executive  of  Dublin,  and  without  the 
necessary  means  of  defence,  they  were  forced  to  confede- 
rate with  the  rebels,  not  only  to  save  their  property,  but 
also  their  lives.  —  Memoirs  of  Bishop  Bedell,  ed.  1862, 
p.  162.  In  Cox's  Hibernia  Anglicana,  and  in  the  Tracts 
of  Sir  John  Davis,  who  was  attorney-general  to  James  I. 
in  Ireland,  accounts  are  given  of  various  great  Councils, 
or  Parliaments,  convened  in  Ireland  at  an  early  period  by 
the  different  Lords  Lieutenants  and  Deputies,  and  held  in 
the  various  towns  of  the  English  Pale,  or  such  places  as 
were  in  possession  of  the  English,  asDublin,Drogheda,Trim, 
Kildare,  Naas,  Castledermot,  Carlow,  Kilkenny,  Cashel, 
Limerick,  Waterford,  and  Wexford.  These  parliaments, 
it  appears,  were  confined  to  Meath,  Leinster,  and  Munster, 
as  the  English  authority  was  not  sufficiently  established 
in  Ulster  and  Connaught.  The  best  account  of  the  Pale 
we  have  met  with  is  in  The  Annals  of  Ireland  by  the  Four 
Masters,  4to,  1846,  pp.  318,  550 ;  see  also  The  Ulster 
Journal  of  Archceology,  passim.] 

"  KOBIN  ADAIB."  —  Who  is  the  author  of  the 
fine  old  song,  called  "  Robin  Adair  ?  "  SIGMA. 

Glasgow. 

[Towards  the  close  of  last  century  the  beautiful  Irish 
air,  "Eileen  a  Roon  "  (Ellen,  the  secret  treasure  of  my 
heart),  was  introduced  to  the  British  public  as  a  Scotch 
melody  under  the  name  of  Robin  Adair.  The  grounds 
for  this  assumption  appear  in  the  correspondence  be- 
tween Robert  Burns  and  his  publisher  Thomson.  Thom- 
son, writing  to  Burns  in  August,  1793,  says :  "  I  shall  be 
glad  to  see  you  give  Robin  Adair  a  Scottish  dress.  Peter 
[Pindar]  is  furnishing  him  with  an  English  suit  for  a 
change,  and  you  are  well  matched  together.  Robin's  air 
is  excellent,  though  he  certainly  has  an  out-of-the-way 
measure  as  ever  poor  Parnassian  wight  was  plagued 
with."  Burns  asserted  that  it  was  Scotch,  and  was  not 
aware  that  Robin  Adair  was  an  Irishman.  He  was  an- 
cestor of  Viscount  Molesworth ;  lived  at  Hollypark,  in 
the  county  of  Wicklow ;  and  early  in  the  last  century 
was  a  member  of  the  Irish  parliament] 


3«»  S.  IV.  AUG.  15,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


131 


TOMB  OP  UGO  FOSCOLO. — In  the  churchyard  o; 
Cbiswick  is  the  grave  of  Ugo  Foscolo,  who  died 
in  the  year  1827,  aged  fifty.  The  original  tomb 
has  been  recently  removed  (1861),  and  a  new  one 
of  polished  granite,  within  a  handsome  iron  rail- 
ing, has  been  substituted  for  it.  On  either  side 
are  the  armorial  bearings  of  the  deceased,  namely, 
Gules,  a  fess  argent ;  crest,  a  crown ;  motto, 
"  Accingar  zona  fortitudinis." 

Some  of  your  correspondents  may  perhaps  be 
able  to  furnish  a  short  notice  of  this  eminent 
Italian  patriot.  J.  H.  JAMES. 

[Some  extended  biographical  notices  of  Ugo  Foscolo 
will  be  found  in  The  Annual  Biography  and  Obituary,  xii. 
333—346 ;  the  Gent.  Mag.  for  Dec.  1827,  p.  566 ;  the  New 
Monthly  Magazine,  xxxiv.  153 — 168;  and  in  Gorton's 
Biog.  Diet.,  Supplement.  For  separate  Memoira  of  this 
accomplished  scholar,  see  our  3rd  S.  ii.  150.] 

W.  WIZBERFORCE. — Where  can  I  find  Wilber- 
force's  speech  on  the  bringing  forward  the  Bill  for 
the  abolition  of  the  slave  trade  ?  A.  J.  TRIX. 

.  [The  speech  of  Mr.  Wilberforce,  May  12,  1789,  on  a 
motion  for  the  Abolition  of  the  Slave  Trade,  is  printed  in 
the  Parliamentary  History,  xxviii.  41 — 67,  and  reprinted, 
with  other  speeches,  as  a  pamphlet,  by  Stockdale,  8vo, 
1789.] 

S.  GERMANUS. — What  is  the  correct  reference, 
in  the  Acta  Sanctorum,  to  the  life  of  this  saint  by 
Constantius  ?  C. 

[Vide  Acta  Sanctorum,  July 31,  Mensis  Julius,  vol.vii. 
p.  191,  &c.] 


ARCHBISHOP  LEIGHTON'S  LIBRARY. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  63.) 

EIRIONNACH  calls  The  Puritan  turned  Jesuit 
Dr.  John  Owen's  treatise,  as  if  it  was  a  well- 
known  acknowledged  work  of  his.  It  is  true 
Dr.  Watt  sets  it  down  as  his,  but  no  mention  is 
made  of  it  by  Dr.  Andrew  Thomson,  nor  by  the 
author  of  his  Life  in  the  Biographia  Britannica, 
nor  by  Wood  in  his  AthencR,  I  should  be  glad  to 
know  why  EIRIONNACH  so  unhesitatingly  fathers 
it  upon  Owen,  who  is  not  likely,  prima  fade,  to 
have  published  a  work  with  such  a  title. 

The  name  of  Minus  Celsus  Senensis  is  not  fic- 
titious. He  was  a  learned  Italian,  a  native  of 
Siena,  who  lived  in  the  early  part  of  the  sixteenth 
century.  He  embraced  Protestantism,  retired 
into  the  Grisons,  and  finally  settled  at  Bale,  where 
lie  became  a  corrector  of  the  press.  Andrew 
Dudith  wrote  a  letter  on  the  same  subject,  which, 
with  that  of  Beza  on  the  opposite  side,  is  appended 
to  the  treatise  of  Minus  Celsus. 

In  reference  to  EIRIONNACH'S  query  respecting 
Antoine  Arnauld,  I  give  the  following  extract 
from  the  Preface  to  the  12th  vol.  of  his  CEuvres, 
Paris  et  Lausanne,  1775 — 82.  4°,  50  vols. :  — 


"  La  Tradition  de  FEglise,  &c.,  fut  le  premier  &rit  de 
MM.  de  Port-Royal  concernant  le  principal  article  de  la 
controverse  avec  les  Calvinistes :  encore  n'y  avoit-il  qu'un 
rapport  indirect.  L'e'dification  des  fideles  en  &oit  le  but 
principal.  II  formoit  la  plus  grande  partie  de  Y  Office  du, 
S.  Sacrement,  public  en  1659,  en  2  vols.  in-8°.  Cette 
Office  ne  renfermoit  d'abord,  avec  les  Prieres  ordinaires, 
que  les  Lecons  qui  se  recitent  le  jour  de  la  Fete  et  pen- 
dant FOctave.  On  jugea  a  propos  d'y  en  ajouter  pour 
tous  les  Jeudis  de  Fannee :  six  pour  chaque  Jeudi.  Ces 
Lemons,  au  nombre  de  312,  foment  la  Tradition  de  FEglise 
touchant  FEucharistie.  Ce  ne  sont  que  des  extraits  des 
meilleurs  ouvrages  des  Peres  de  FEglise  sur  cette  matiere. 
La  petite  Perpetuite  de  la  Foi  etoit  destinee,  dans  son 
origine,  a  servir  de  Preface  a  cet  ouvrage ;  mais  elle  fut 
supprime'e,  parcequ'on  jugea  plus  convenable  de  ne  rien 
meler  qui  sentit  la  controverse  dans  un  ecrit  ou  1'on  ne  se 
proposoit  que  d'eclairer  et  de  nourrir  la  pie'te'  des  fideles 
pour  ce  saint  mystere.  La  courte  Preface  qu'on  y  sub- 
stitua  ne  fut  consacree  qu'a  rendre  compte  du  dessein 
qu'on  avoit  eu  en  composant  cet  office  du  S.  Sacrement, 
et  a  presenter  Fesquisse  de  1'argument  developpe  dans  le 
livre  De  la  Perpetuite  de  la  Foi.  M.  Dupin  et  M.  Besoigne 
attribuent  cette  Preface  a  M.  Arnauld,  aussi  bien  que  la 
direction  de  tout  FOffice  du  S.  Sacrement.  Mais  la  tra- 
duction  des  passages  des  Peres,  dont  les  Lecons  de  cet 
Office  sont  composees,  est  donnee  a  M.  le  Maitre  et  au  Due 
de  Luynes  qui  avoit  un  tres-beau  genie  pour  la  traduction. 
M.  Arnauld  et  les  autres  Theologiens  compagnons  de  sa 
retraite,  se  contenterent  de  la  revoir  et  de  la  corriger. .  .  . 
La  Table  Historique  et  Chronologique  des  SS.  Peres  et  des 
Auteurs  Ecclesiastiques,  dont  on  a  tire  les  Lecons  contenues 
en  I 'Office  du  S.  Sacrement  fut  imprimee  a  la  suite  de  ces 
memes  Lecons,  auxquelles  on  avoit  donne  le  titre  parti- 
culier  de  Tradition  de  FEglise  sur  FEucharistie.  Quoiqne 
les  opinions  varieiit  au  sujet  de  1'auteur  de  cette  Table, 
nous  n'he'sitons  pas  a  la  donner  a  M.  Arnauld.  Ceux  qui 
1'attribuent  a  M.  le  Maitre  ont  sans  doute  confondu  la 
traduction  des  extraits  des  SS.  Peres  avec  la  Table  chro- 
nologique,  et  n'ont  peut-etre  pas  fait  attention  qu'il  etoit 
mort  en  1658,  plus  d'un  an  avant  1'impression  de  1'Office 
du  S.  Sacrement,  auquel  la  Table  est  posterieure.  A 
I'e'gard  de  M.  de  Sacy,  et  de  M.  le  Due  de  Luynes,  que 
d'antres  en  font  Aute'urs,  il  n'est  pas  vraisemblable  qu'ils 
aient  compose'  un  e'crit  de  cette  Erudition.  Nous  nous 
en^ tenons  done  au  jugement  de  ceux  qui  Fattribuent  a 
M.  Arnauld,  d'autant  mieux  que  le  style  et  le  caractere 
de  cet  e'crit  lui  conviennent  parfaitement." 

The  editors  of  the  Works  of  Arnanld  from 
which  the  above  extract  is  taken  were  1'Abbe  de 
Bellegarde,  and  1'Abbe  de  Hautefage. 

Pierre  Thomas  du  Fosse  was  born  at  Rouen  in 
1634,  and  was  the  son  of  Gentienne  Thomas, 
maitre  des  comptes  en  la  chambre  de  Normandie, 
He  was  educated  at  the  monastery  of  Port-Royal, 
to  which  he  was  admitted  at  nine  years  of  age, 
and  continued  all  his  life  a  devoted  adherent  of 
the  doctrines  maintained  in  that  establishment. 

"  Le  Maitre  de  Sacy,  frere  d'Antoine,"  (I  quote  from 
the  Biographic  Universelle),  "  lui  proposa  de  travailler 
avec  lui  a  la  vie  de  dom  Barthelemi  des  Martyrs.  Non 
seulement  Du  Fosse'  avait  recueilli  les  materiaux  de  cette 
Vie,  donne'e  par  M.  de  Sacy,  et  Favait  traduite  de  1'espa- 
gnol ;  il  avait  encore  eu  part  a  sa  composition,  en  sorte 
qu'on  peut  la  lui  attribuer,  a  plus  juste  titre  peut-6tre 
qu'a  M.  de  Sacy." 

He  also  wrote  a  life  of  Thomas  a  Becket  and 
other  biographical  works,  and  had  a  considerable 


132 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  IV.  AUG.  15,  '63. 


share  in  De  Sacy's  edition  of  the  Bible.  He  died 
November  4th,  1698,  a  few  months  after  he  had 
completed  the  composition  of  his  Memoirs,  which 
were  published  at  Utrecht  in  1739,  'AAieyy. 

Dublin. 


ST.  PATRICK,  AND  VENOMOUS  CREATURES  IN 
IRELAND. 

(3rd  S.  iv.  82.) 

This  subject  has  been  so  fully  discussed  in 
"  N.  &  Q,,"  1st  S.,  that  the  question  may  well  be 
considered  to  be  set  at  rest.  Canon  DAI/TON  has, 
however,  two  queries  on  the  subject ;  first,  as  to 
the  fact  of  no  venomous  reptiles  existing  now  in 
Ireland ;  and,  secondly,  as  to  the  real  derivation 
of  the  popular  tradition.  As  to  the  first,  he 
answers  it  himself,  by  assuring  us  that  "  serpents 
and  adders  "  have  been  seen  there ;  though  all  the 
people,  he  says,  declare  that  none  are  venomous. 
By  serpents  I  presume  he  means  snakes,  which  are 
harmless ;  but  adders,  or  vipers,  are  everywhere 
venomous.  If,  then,  adders  are  seen  in  Ireland, 
venomous  reptiles  are  certainly  there.  As  to 
frogs  and  toads,  these  are  not  venomous,  though 
a  foolish  prejudice  attributes  venom  to  the  latter. 
I  have  kept  several  toads,  and  made  many  experi- 
ments upon  them,  and  my  firm  conviction  is  that 
they  are  perfectly  harmless.  EIRIONNACH  ("N.  &  Q." 
1st  S.  iii.  490)  gives  instances  of  an  unsuccessful 
importation  of  adders  into  Ireland,  but  also  men- 
tions snakes  as  flourishing  in  the  county  of  Down. 
Another  correspondent,  ME.  W.  PINKEKTON  (1**  S. 
iv.  12),  maintains  that  though  the  snake  is  not  in- 
digenous to  Ireland,  there  is  nothing  in  either  the 
soil  or  climate  to  prevent  its  naturalisation.  He 
also  mentions  that  the  species  of  toad  called  nat- 
ter-jack is  found  about  Killarney.  In  a  second 
communication  (1st  S.  vi.  42),  EIRIONNACH  con- 
siders the  true  origin  of  the  introduction  of  frogs 
into  Ireland  to  have  been  the  importation  of  spawn 
from  England,  about  the  beginning  of  the  last 
century,  by  Dr.  Gwythers.  It  seems  then  certain 
that  frogs,  toads,  and  snakes,  are  found  in  Ireland ; 
but  we  have  no  evidence  that  adders,  otherwise 
called  vipers,  are  there,  except  from  CANON  DAL- 
TON'S  own  information. 

But,  secondly,  as  to  the  popular  tradition  that 
St.  Patrick,  by  his  benediction,  exempted  Ireland 
from  venomous  reptiles ;  this  is  satisfactorily  dis- 
posed of  by  the  testimony  of  a  writer  long  before 
St.  Patrick's  time,  Julius  Solinus,  who  writes  thus 
in  his  Poll/historic,  c.  xxii.,  towards  the  close  of 
theirs*  century  :  — 

"  Illic  (Hibernia)  nuttus  anguis,  avis  rara,  gens  inhos- 
pita  et  bellicosa." 

This  is  quoted  by  C.  H.  in  "N.  &  Q.,"  1st  S.  vi. 
590.  There  appears,  therefore,  no  solid  founda- 
tion for  applying  the  legend  of  St.  Patrick  to 


reptiles  of  any  kind ;  and  the  preferable  conclu- 
sion seems  to  be,  that  his  having  driven  out  the 
"  old  serpent "  by  his  preaching  and  labours,  was 
in  course  of  time  taken  in  a  literal  sense.  It  is 
well  known  to  archaeologists,  that  to  other  saints 
is  attributed  the  expulsion  of  serpents,  merely 
from  their  spiritual  triumphs,  or  the  success  of 
their  apostolic  labours.  I  may  instance  SS.  Guth- 
lake,  Didymus,  Hilary  of  Aries,  Hilary  of  Poic- 
tiers,  and  Pirminius.  The  legend  of  St.  George 
and  the  Dragon  is  traced  to  a  similar  origin ;  and 
the  tradition  of  the  preservation  of  Malta  from 
venomous  reptiles  arose  very  naturally  from  the 
account  of  what  befel  St.  Paul  in  that  island.  A 
remark  of  EIRIONNACH,  however,  in  his  first  com- 
munication deserves  attention.  The  symbol,  he 
remarks,  may  have  had  a  deeper  meaning,  if,  as 
many  think,  serpent  worship  obtained  in  early 
times  in  Ireland.  F.  C.  H. 


LAW  OP  LAURISTON.  . 

(3rd  S.  iii.  486;  iv.  31,  76.) 

I  have  for  some  years  been  collecting  all  the 
particulars  in  my  power  respecting  the  pedigree 
of  the  Laws  of  Lauriston.  I  have  been  induced 
to  do  this  from  my  father,  the  late  Sir  John  T.  Lee, 
being  the  great-grandson  of  Jean,  the  sister  of 
the  celebrated  John  Law. 

The  pedigree,  as  preserved  in  our  family,  is  as 
follows :  — 

Jean,  the  sister  of  John  Law  (daughter  of  Wm. 
Law  and  Jean  Campbell),  was  born  Sept.  12, 
1669.  She  married  John  Hay,  M.D.,  of  Letham, 
grand-nephew  of  Sir  John  Nesbit  of  Dirleton ; 
and  related  to  the  Hays,  Marquesses  of  Tweedale. 
The  issue  of  this  marriage  was  an  only  daughter, 
Margaret  Hay ;  married  to  James  M'Lellan  of 
the  Kircudbright  family.  Their  daughter,  Mar- 
garet Hay  M'Lellan,  married  Jan.  12,  1784,  John 
Lee,  Capt.  R.N.,  of  the  Lees  of  Darnhall  in  Che- 
shire. They  were  married  in  the  parish  church 
of  Stoke  Damarel,  Devon  ,•  and  I  possess  a  certi- 
fied copy  of  the  marriage  register. 

The  issue  of  this  marriage  was  an  only  son,  Sir 
John  T.  Lee,  of  Lauriston  Hall,  Torquay ;  born 
Aug.  27,  1784;  died  October  25,  1843.  Also  a 
daughter,  Henrietta  Maria,  died  s.  p. 

Sir  J.  T.  Lee  married  Sophia  Reed,  daughter 
of  Major  William  Lawler  of  Greenwich,  and  had 
issue  — 

1.  John  Hutchinson,  of  Balsdon,  Torquay. 

2.  Melville   Lauriston,   of  Magdalen   College, 
Cambridge,  Rector  of  Bridport. 

3.  Alfred  Theophilus,  of  Christ's  College,  Cam- 
bridge, and  Rector  of  Ahoghill. 

And  a  daughter,  Henrietta  Margaret  Hay,  and 
other  female  issue. 

I  have  in  my  possession  a  copy  of  the  will  of 


S.  IV.  AUG.  iB,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Jean  Campbell,  dated  July  18,  1707.  By  it  she 
devises  the  lands  of  Lauriston  and  Randalston,  in  j 
the  parish  of  Cramond,  in  the  first  place  to  the 
heirs  male  of  her  eldest  son  John ;  and  in  default, 
to  the  heirs  male  of  her  sons  William,  Robert, 
and  Hugh,  in  succession.  Failing  these,  to  the 
heirs  female  of  John  Law ;  failing  these,  she  or- 
ders the  lands  of  Lauriston  and  Randalston  to  be 
sold,  and  the  proceeds  to  be  divided  into  seven 
equal  portions,  to  be  distributed  amongst :  1.  The 
children  of  Agnes,  her  eldest  daughter  (married 
to  John  Hamilton  Wales,  of  the  Signet,  then  de- 
ceased) ;  2.  the  children  of  her  second  son,  An- 
drew ;  3.  children  of  Lilias ;  4.  Robert ;  5.  Wil- 
liam ;  6.  Hugh ;  7.  and  Margaret  Hay,  the  only 
child  of  her  daughter  Jean  and  John  Hay,  M.D. 

The  witnesses  to  this  will  were  James  Marshall, 
Writer  to  the  Signet ;  and  James  Lantill,  servitor 
to  the  said  James  Marshall. 

The  children  of  William  Law  and  Jean  Campbell 
were  as  follows  :  — 

1.  Agnes,  born  Feb.   1,  1666;    married  John 
Hamilton,  W.S. 

2.  James,  died  s.  p.  1667. 

3.  Jean,    born   Sept.   12,    1669;    married   Dr. 
John  Hay. 

4.  John  Law,  of  Lauriston,  born  April  21,  1671. 

5.  William,  died  bachelor. 

6.  Andrew,  born  Nov.  22,  1673. 

7.  William,  born  Oct.  24, 1675,  Director-Gene- 
ral of  the  French  E.  I.  C. ;  and  succeeded  to  the 
Lauriston  estate  in  1734. 

8.  Janet,  born  1677. 

9.  Robert,  born  1678. 

10.  Lilias,  born  1680;   married  John  Clarke, 
and  died  s.  p. 

11.  Hugh,  born  1682. 

William  Law,  the  father,  died  in  1684.  Jean 
Campbell  survived  till  1707. 

William  Law,  who  inherited  the  Lauriston 
estate,  married  Rebecca  Dives:  and  had  issue 
John  Law  (born  1719),  Governor- General  of 
French  India;  and  Jane  Frances  Law,  born  1724 
(of  whom  hereafter). 

John  Law  (of  Lauriston),  the  eldest  son,  mar- 
ried, in  1755,  Jean,  daughter  of  Don  Alexander 
Carvalho,  a  Portuguese  noble,  who  had  issue  : 

1.  John  William  Law  de  Lauriston,  born  Sept. 
8,  1766  ;  died  on  voyage  of  discovery  with  M.  De 
la  Peyrouse. 

2.  James  Alex.  Law  da  Lauriston  (born  Feb.  1, 
1768),  Aide-de-Camp  to  Emperor  Napoleon  I., 
and  Marshal  of  France.     He  was  the  bearer  of 
the  Treaty  of  Peace  of  Amiens  to  London.     He 
was  succeeded  by  his  son  Augustus  John  Alex- 
ander, second  Marquis,  who  died  in  1860 ;  and 
was  succeeded  by  his  son  Alexander  Louis  Joseph, 
born  in  1821,  the  third  and  present  Marquis. 

John  Francis  Law  (the  second  son  of  William 
and  Rebecca  Law),  born  1724;  married  a  Miss 


Carvalho  of  Madras,  of  the  Portuguese  family  of 
Pombal;  and  died  1767,  aged  forty-three  years; 
who  was  Commander-in-Chief  of  French  East 
Indian  forces.  He  had  a  son,  James  Francis  Law, 
born  1758,  and  three  daughters  :  the  eldest  mar- 
ried M.  de  Bruno ;  the  second,  Frances  Xavier 
Charlotte,  married  Charles  Smith,  Esq.,  Governor 
of  Madras ;  and  had  issue  Culling  Charles  Smith, 
who  married,  Aug.  9,  1799,  Lady  Anne  Welles- 
ley,  sister  of  the  Duke  of  Wellington,  and  widow 
of  Hon.  Henry  Fitzroy.  The  issue  of  this  mar- 
riage was  a  daughter  Emily  Frances,  married  in 
1822  to  Henry,  seventh  D.  uke  of  Beaufort. 

Marshal  Law  had  four  brothers  :  Charles  Louis, 
born  1769;  Joseph  Charles,  born  1770;  Francis 
John  William,  born  Aug.  2,  1771  :  Louis  George, 
born  1773.  F.  J.  W.  Law  was,  on  May  21,  1808, 
declared  to  be  the  nearest  and  legitimate  heir  of 
his  father  John  Law,  to  the  exclusion  of  his  elder 
brothers,  who  were  Roman  Catholics,  and  so  be- 
came possessed  of  the  Lauriston  and  Randalston 
estates.  These  were  sold  by  his  direction  during 
his  life-time,  in  or  about  1824;  the  sum  realised 
for  them  being  about  25,OOOZ.  And  the  purchase 
money  was  divided  in  accordance  with  the  direc- 
tion of  the  will  of  Jean  Campbell. 

Your  correspondent  G.  will  see  from  the  above, 
that  F.  J.  W.  Law  was  grand-nephew  of  the 
great  financier.  ALFRED  T.  LEE. 

The  "F.  J.  W.  Law  of  Lauriston,"  mentioned  by 
your  correspondent  as  appearing  in  the  Edinburgh 
Almanack  of  1812,  was  Francis  John  W.  Law,  Esq. 
He  was  the  grandnephew  of  the  famous  John  Law, 
Comptroller  of  the  Exchequer  in  France  ;  and  was 
the  brother  of  the  gallant  James  Law,  1st  Marquis 
of  Lauriston,  Marshal  of  France,  and  ambassador 
here  from  Napoleon  at  the  Peace  of  Amiens,  and 
the  grand-uncle  of  the  present  Marquis  of  Lauris- 
ton, a  nobleman  of  rank  in  Paris.  This  Francis 
J.  W.  Law  inherited  the  paternal  estate  of  Lau- 
riston in  1808,  and  was  the  last  Law  who  pos- 
sessed it:  for  at  his  death,  in  1828,  as  there  was 
no  heir  male  not  an  alien,  some  litigation  arose, 
and  the  property  was  unfairly,  and  somewhat  has- 
tily it  is  said,  sold,  and  the  proceeds  dispersed 
among  the  kindred  of  the  female  lines.  The 
French  Marquis  of  Lauriston  and  his  family 
should  have  been  more  apprised  of  and  noticed  in 
the  suit,  and  they  have  consequently  ever  since 
felt  themselves  aggrieved.  A. 


BLACK  HOLE  AT  CALCUTTA,  ETC.  (3rd  S.  iii. 
450.) — As  inquiry  is  made  as  to  the  names  of  the 
sufferers  on  this  horrible  occasion,  a  copy  of  the 
inscriptions  on  the  monument  erected  at  Calcutta 
to  their  memory  may  be  worth  a  place  in  the 


134 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8fd  S.  IV.  AUG.  15,  '63. 


pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."   A  sketch  of  the  obelisk,  thus 
recording  the  atrocious  deed,  may  be  found  in  the 
Pictorial  History  of  England,  vol.  vi.  p.  47. 
On  the  Front. 

"To 
THE  MEMORY 

of 

Edward  Eyre  and  William  Baillie,  Esqrs. ;  The  Rev. 
Jervas  Bellamy;  Messrs.  Jenks,  Reevely,  Law,  Coates, 
Nelicourt,  Jebb,  Torriano,  E.  Page,  S.  Page,  Grub,  Street, 
Harod,  P.  Johnstone,  Ballard,  N.  Drake,  Carse,  Knapton, 
Gosling,  Dod,  and  Dalrymple;  Captains  Clayton,  Bu- 
chanan, Witherington ;  Lieutenants  Bishop,  Hays,  Blagg, 
Simpson,  and  J.  Bellamy;. Ensigns  Paccard,  Scott,  Has- 
tings, C.  Wedderburn,  Dumbleton ;  Sea  Captains  Hunt, 
Osburn,  and  Purnell;  Messrs.  Carey,  Leech,  Stevenson, 
Gay,  Porter,  Parker,  Caulker,  Bendal,  and  Atkinson ; 

Who,  with  sundry  other  Inhabitants, 

Military  and  Militia,  to  the  number  of  123  persons, 

Were  by  the  Tyrannic  Violence  of 

SuRAj-UD-DowxA,  Suba  of  Bengal, 

Suffocated  in  the  Black  Hole  Prison  of  Fort  William, 

in  the  night  of  the  20th  day  of  June,  1756 ; 
And  promiscuously  thrown  the  succeeding  morning 

into  the  Ditch  of  the  Ravelin  of  this  place. 

This  Monument  is  erected  by  their  Surviving  FelloAV 

Sufferer, 

J.  Z.  HOLWELL." 

On  the  Rear  of  the  Monument. 
"  This  Horrid  Act  of  Violence 

was  as  amply, 
as  deservedly,  revenged  on 

SURAJ-UD-DOWLA 

by  His  Majesty's  Arms, 

under  the  conduct  of 

Vice-Admiral  Watson  and  Colonel  Clive. 

Anno  1757." 

X.  A.  X. 

THOMAS,  DUKE  OF  NORFOLK  (3rd  S.  iv.  70.)  — 
In  answer  to  your  correspondent  HERMENTRCDE, 
I  beg  to  state  that  the  marriages  of  Thomas,  Earl 
(not  Duke)  of  Norfolk,  son  of  Edward  I.,  were  as 
follows :  — 

1 .  To  Anne,  daughter  of  a  knight  who  resided 
near  Boughn,  whose  surname  is  unknown. 

2.  To  Alice,  daughter  of  Sir  Roger  Halys. 

3.  To  Mary,  daughter  of  William,  Lord  Roos, 
and  widow  of  William,  Lord  Bruce. 

CHARLES  F.  S.  WARREN. 
Over  Vicarage,  St  Ives,  Hunts. 

MADAME  DE  GENLIS  (3rd  S.  iv.  86.)  —  Your 
correspondent  D.  will  find  an  account  of  Madame 
de  Genlis's  visit  to  the  two  ladies  of  Llangollen  in 
her  Memoires  (vol.  iii.  p.  343),  published  in  Paris 
in  1825,  10  vols.  8vo.  She  was  accompanied  on 
that  occasion  by  Mademoiselle  d'Orleans  (Madame 
Adelaide) ;  but  I  can  find  no  allusion  to  Made- 
moiselle Pamela,  nor  to  any  other  place  in  Wales 
but  Llangollen.  A.  R. 

"  LETTERS  ON  LITERATURE"  (3rd  S.  iv.  110.) — 
This  work  (by  no  means  an  uninteresting  one) 
was  written  by  a  young  Dublin  barrister  named 
Sherlock — I  think  he  is  dead.  My  authority  is 
derived  from  a  presentation  copy,  lent  to  me  some 


years  ago  by  a  relative  (since  dead),  and  it  bore 
the  author's  autograph.  My  relative,  who  was  a 
competent  judge,  esteemed  the  work  highly. 

S.  REDMOND. 
Liverpool. 

PLATFORM  (3rd  S.  iv.  57.)— I  select  the  follow- 
ing from  the  Preface  to  Hooker's  Ecclesiastical 
Polity:  — 

"  Men  bent  even  against  all  the  orders  and  laws, 
wherein  this  Church  is  found  unconformable  to  the  Plat- 
form of  Geneva." 

"  We  have  secretly  framed  our  own  Churches  accord- 
ing to  the  Platform  of  the  Word  of  God." 

"  And  have  grounded  your  Platform  on  such  proposi- 
tions," &c. 

P.P. 

"  HE  WHO   FIGHTS  AND  RUNS  AWAY "  (3rd   S.   iv. 

61.) — If  Goldsmith  expanded  the  original  passage 
of  Butler's  Hudibras,  he  was  anticipated  by  a 
French  translation  in  verse,  made,  it  is  said,  for 
Prince  Eugene,  and  quoted  in  the  notes  of  Dr. 
Zachary  Grey :  — 

"  Car  ceux  qni  s'enfuient  peuvent  revenir  sur  ses  pas : 
Ainsi  ils  ne  sont  jamais  mis  hors  de  combat : 
Mais  ceux  au  contraire  qui  demeurent  sur  sa  place 
Se  privent  de  tous  moyens  de  reparer  leur  disgrace." 

It  would  be  remarkable  if  two  writers  should 
independently  have  fallen  upon  an  expansion  so 
similar  as  these.  T.  C. 

Durham. 

BATH  HOSPITAL  (3rd  S.  iv.  47.)  —  The  Note  of 
your  correspondent  X.  A.  X.,  referring  to  the 
establishment  of  the  Bath  Hospital  in  1739,  puts 
me  in  mind  of  an  anecdote  that  I  remember  to 
have  heard  many  years  ago.  And  perhaps  some 
of  your  correspondents  may  be  able  to  verify  it. 

The  hospital  was  established  chiefly  for  the 
reception  of  poor  strangers,  resorting  to  Bath  for 
the  benefit  of  the  waters.  The  funds  were  raised, 
at  least  in  part,  by  subscription  ;  and  the  wealthier 
invalids  were  naturally  canvassed  for  contribu- 
tions. Among  these  there  happened  to  be  a 
learned  bishop  who  was  exceedingly  ill,  and  not 
expected  to  recover.  The  members  of  the  Com- 
mittee, who  waited  on  the  dying  bishop  to  solicit 
his  aid,  very  ingeniously  added  a  0  to  the  several 
sums  of  5/.  that  figured  in  the  list ;  and  his  lord- 
ship, doing  as  others  appeared  to  have  done,  put 
down  his  name  for  50?.  But  such  was  the  virtue 
of  the  waters,  that  the  bishop  recovered ;  and  a 
year  or  two  afterwards,  he  visited  Bath  again. 
To  his  great  surprise,  a  deputation  from  the  Com- 
mittee waited  on  him  to  request  that,  as  he  was 
the  principal  contributor,  he  would  favour  them 
with  a  motto  for  the  hospital.  Glancing  over  the 
subscription  list,  his  Lordship  at  once  perceived 
how  he  had  been  dealt  with,  and  gave  them  as  a 
motto :  "  I  was  a  stranger,  and  ye  took  me  in." 
Who  was  the  bishop?  Is  the  motto  still  re- 
tained ?  P.  S.  C. 


S.  IV.  AUG.  15,  '68.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


135 


TANJIBS  (3rd  S.  iv.  88.) — Tanjib  is  a  corruption 
of  the  Hindustani  word,  tanzeb,  signifying  muslin 
mulmul  seems  to  come  from  malmal,  of  the  sam< 
meaning ;  dorea  may  be  from  the  Persian,  daryd-i 
which  Shakespear  (Hind.  Diet.)  renders,  "  a  kin< 
of  silk  cloth "  (gros  de  Naples  ?) ;  and  tarnatan 
may  be  the  origin  of  tarletan  (Fr.  tarletane). 

R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 

PLATING  "  GERMANDS  "  (3rd  S.  iv.  48.)— As  the 
"  playyng  germands  "  were  goods  in  a  storehouse 
were  they  not  more  likely  to  be  garments  than  Ger- 
mans? '  P.  P. 

OSCOTIAN  LITERARY  GAZETTE  (3rd  S.  iv.  87.] 
— ZETA  inquires  the  titles  of  the  "  Dramatic 
Sketches  "  in  this  interesting  publication,  and  the 
names  or  initials  of  the  authors.  It  may  be  well, 
first,  to  give  the  history  of  the  "  Oscotian."  The 
students  of  Oscott  College  established  a  very 
useful  stimulus  to  youthful  composition,  which 
they  named  the  "  Repository."  Literary  contri- 
butions were  slipped  into  a  box  fixed  up  for  their 
reception,  and  these  were  read  up  publicly  once  a 
week  by  a  chosen  editor.  This  "  Repository " 
lasted  for  some  time,  and  gradually  died  away. 
After  some  years,  however,  it  was  revived,  and 
with  so  much  success,  that  the  students  actually 
undertook  to  print  the  contributions  themselves, 
and  issued  them  in  numbers,  as  the  Oscotian,  or 
Literary  Gazette  of  St.  Mary's.  I  have  a  speci- 
men of  these  home  and  certainly  homely  printed 
numbers  ;  but  probably  a  complete  set  of  them  is 
not  in  existence.  The  "  Oscotian  "  was  kept  up, 
however,  for  several  years,  and  the  whole  was  re- 
printed by  a  regular  publisher  in  Birmingham,  in 
three  volumes,  1828-1829,  as  the  Second  Edition, 
and  dedicated  to  the  distinguished  President  of 
the  College,  the  Rev.  Henry  Weedall. 

To  come  now  to  the  inquiries  of  ZETA,  I  have 
to  observe  that  the  dramatic  pieces  in  the  collec- 
tion are  only  four, — two  in  the  first  volume,  and 
one  in  each  of  the  others.  The  first,  the  most 
remarkable  and  by  far  the  best,  is  the  piece,  p.  16, 
vol.  i.,  entitled  "  Mrs.  Thrifty,"  so  much  relished 
by  all  old  Oscotians.  It  was  written  by  Henry 
Weedall,  then  a  student,  and  first  appeared  in  the 
original  "  Repository."  The  second,  at  p.  64,  is 
a  "  Scene  in  Charles  the  First,  a  new  Tragedy." 
It  occupies  only  four  pages,  and  has  no  signature. 
The  next  dramatic  piece  occurs  in  vol.  ii.  p.  281, 
and  consists  of  three  scenes  translated  from  a 
Spanish  drama,  "La  Comedia  Nueva,"  and  bear- 
ing the  initials  D.  S.  L.  (Denis  Shine  Lalor). 
The  last  comes  at  the  end  of  vol.  Hi. ;  it  is  a 
humorous  scene,  called  the  "  Editor's  Dinner," 
and  is  anonymous.  F.  C.  H. 

CHARRON  "  ON  WISDOM  "  (3rd  S.  iv.  48.)  —  I 
have  a  copy  in  quarto  (small)  7£  by  6|  in.,  the 
old  engraved  frontispiece,  with  explication  in 
verse  on  left  hand,  translated  by  Samson  Len- 


nard,  and  printed  for  Nathaniel  Renew  and  Jona- 
than Robinson,  at  the  King's  Arms,  S'.  Paul's 
Church  Yard,  1670.  This  is,  I  should  think,  the 
edition  mentioned  by  MR.  HAZLITT  as  advertised 
1671. 

There  is  a  list  of  books  lately  printed  and  sold 
by  N.  R.  &  J.  R.  at  the  end,  but  the  Charron  is 
not  included,  so  that  the  price  does  not  appear. 

J.  A.  G. 

THEODOLITUS  (3rd  S.  iv.  51,  74.)— One  of  the 
books  in  which  this  word  might  be  looked  for  is, 
Uso  del  Compass  optico  di  D.  Francesco  di  Lodosa, 
Prete  Alvernese,  Roma,  1597,  12ino.  I  noted 
this  book  for  containing  Bartoli's  Table  of  Squares 
(to  661),  and  he  gives  the  means  of  continuing  it 
as  far  as  you  wish  by  adding  twice  the  last  number 
and  one  more.  Having  myself  made  nearly 
50,000  squares,  I  can  assert  that  this  is  a  very 
expeditious  method.  W.  DAVIS. 

STRANGE  DERIVATIONS:  TREACLE,  PONTIFEX 
(3rd  S.  iv.  84.)  —  The  derivation  of  the  word 
treacle,  ridiculed  by  W.  BOWEN  ROWLANDS,  is,  for 
all  that,  the  received  derivation,  and,  until  he 
points  out  a  better,  there  seems  to  be  no  objection 
to  it.  In  Donnegan's  Lexicon,  Qnpiaxa.  QdpnaKa.  are 
described  as  antidotes  against  the  bites  of  wild 
animals ;  and  Richardson  (».  "  Theriac  ")  says, — 

"  From  Oypiov,  a  wild  beast,  applied  especially  to  a 
serpent.  Hence  a  composition  so  called  either  because 
made  of  vipers'  flesh,  or  because  a  remedy  against  ser- 
pents, and  generally  against  poisons.  From  theriaca  we 
take  our  word  treacle." 

Nor  is  the  derivation  of  pontifex  from  pontem- 
faciens  to  be  lightly  passed  over,  though  it  may 
be  a  question  whether  we  are  to  take  Varro's 
explanation  that  the  pontiffs  had  built  the  Pans 
Sublicius,  and  afterwards  frequently  restored  it, 
that  it  might  be  possible  to  perform  sacrifices  on 
each  side  of  the  river ;  or  we  prefer  to  takefacere 
in  the  sense  of  "  to  offer  sacrifices,"  and  so  make 
the  pontiffs  to  be  the  priests  who  offered  sacri- 
fices upon  the  bridge,  in  Greek  yetyvpoiroioi. 

J.  EASTWOOD. 

The  derivation  of  treacle  is  right.  Voss.,  De 
Idolol.  iv.  62 ;  Galen,  De  Theriaca ;  Bishop  An- 
drewes,  Lent  Sermon,  i.  Jin.,  or  a  hundred  other 
authorities.  C.  P.  E. 

REGIMENTS  IN  AMERICA  (3rd  S.  iv.  29.)  —  The 
two  King's  regiments,  under  Major-General  Brad- 
dock,  who  was  defeated  by  the  French  and  In- 
dians near  Fort  du  Quesne,  Virginia,  on  April  9, 
1755,  were  the  present  44th  and  48th  of  the  Line. 

The  regiments  employed  in  North  America, 
rom  1755  to  1760,  were  the  1st  Foot,  2nd  Bat- 
ialion,  15th,  17th,  22nd,  27th,  28th,  35th,  40th, 
42nd,  43rd,  44th,  45th,  46th,  47th,  48th,  55th,  58th, 
:0th  (four  battalions),  77th,  78th,  and  80th.  The 
hree  latter  are  not  the  present  77th,  78th,  and 
JOth,  as  they  were  disbanded  at  the  Peace  of  1763. 


136 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*d  S.  IV.  AUG.  15,  '£ 


In  addition  to  the  foregoing,  there  were  Shirley 
and  Pepperell's  regiments  (disbanded  in  1757),  a 
few  independent  companies,  and  about  9,000 
provincials.  THOMAS  CARTER. 

Horse  Guards. 

AMERICA  (3rd  S.  iii.  517.) — I  desire  to  correct 
a  very  prevalent  error  in  regard  to  slavery  prior 
to  this  war.  It  is  a  frequent  remark  that  the 
South  was  forced  into  the  war  by  the  insecure 
tenure  of  its  property  in  slaves.  It  is  incontes- 
tible  that  Congress  neither  could  nor  would  have 
attempted  to  interfere  with  slavery  in  the  States 
where  it  existed  ;  but  it  is  said  that  the  slaves  ran 
away  in  great  numbers,  and  the  North  was  about 
refusing  to  deliver  them  up.  I  quote  the  follow- 
ing from  the  Official  Abstract  of  the  Census  for 
1860  —  a  document  probably  not  familiar  to  your 
readers : — 

"  From  the  tables  annexed  it  appears,  that  while  there 
escaped  from  their  masters  1,011  slaves  in  1850,  or  1  in 
each  3165,  held  in  bondage  (about  3'5  of  1  per  cent.)  dur- 
ing the  census  year  ending  June  1,  I860,  out  of  3,949,557 
slaves,  there  escaped  only  803,  being  1  to  about  5000,  or 
at  the  rate  of  1L  of  1  per  cent.  Small  and  inconsiderable 
as  this  number  appears,  it  is  not  pretended  that  all  mis- 
sing in  the  border  states,  much  less  any  considerable 
number  escaping  from  their  owners  in  the  more  southern 
regions,  escaped  into  the  free  states;  and  when  we 
consider  that  in  the  border  states  not  500  escaped  out 
of  more  than  1,000,000  slaves  in  1860,  while  near  600 
escaped  in  1850  out  of  900,000,  and  at  the  two  periods 
near  800  are  reported  to  have  escaped  from  the  more 
southern  slave-holding  states,  the  fact  becomes  evident 
that  the  escape  of  this  class  of  persons,  while  rapidly  de- 
creasing in  ratio  in  the  border  slave  states,  occurs  inde- 
pendent of  proximity  to  a  free  population,  being  in  the 
nature  of  things  incident  to  the  relation  of  master  and 
slave." 

Let  this  fact,  then,  be  understood  by  your 
readers,  that  however  much  the  Northerners  may 
have  disliked  slavery,  still  whatever  rights  were 
guaranteed  to  the  owners  by  the  law,  were  scru- 
pulously conceded.  The  rebellion  was  not  caused 
by  any  violation  of  the  law  by  the  North,  so  far 
as  the  ownership  of  slaves  was  concerned. 

I  have  before  remarked  that  the  records  of  Vir- 
ginia are  very  imperfect,  and  that  the  Southern 
pedigrees  are  necessarily  very  obscure.  I  find  a 
very  curious  proof  of  this  in  the  last  (July)  num- 
ber of  our  New  England  Historical  and  Genealo- 
gical Register.  Mr.  Isaac  J.  Greenwood,  Jun., 
therein  notices  some  facts  in  the  Washington 
pedigree  which  are  hard  to  reconcile,  and  copies  a 
letter  from  the  Rev.  J.  M.  Simpkinson  of  Bring- 
ton,  the  author  of  a  work  relating  to  the  Wash- 
ingtong.  I  believe  that  I  state  the  point  fairly  in 
saying  that  it  is  now  impossible  to  identify  the 
emigrants  to  Virginia  with  any  members  of  the 
English  family ;  certainly  that  there  is  no  proof 
sufficient  to  satisfy  Heralds'  College.  As  Mr 
Simpkinson  can  tell  the  story  more  plainly  than  1 
can,  I  leave  it  to  him.  I  only  wish  to  show  that 


tisby  no  means  clear  that  every  one  of  the  "  first 
'amilies  of  Virginia"  can  prove  its  pedigree. 

W.  H.  WHITMORE. 
Boston,  U.  S.  A. 

WALDO  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  iii.  397.)  —  M.  C.  J.  is 
informed  that  the  Brigadier-General  Waldo  was 
of  Boston,  the  son  of  Jonathan  Waldo,  and  grand- 
son,  I  think,  of  Cornelius  Waldo.  He  was  a  large 
andowner  in  Maine,  where  the  "  Waldo  patent  " 
s  still  well  remembered.  He  died  May  23,  1756, 
leaving  two  sons,  Samuel  and  Francis,  and  two 
daughters.  Samuel  was  Judge  of  Probate  in 
Maine,  and  died  April  16,  1770,  aged  forty-nine 
years,  leaving  issue.  Francis  was  the  collector  at 
Portland,  Maine,  and  died  unmarried. 

The  first  of  the  name  in  this  country  was  Cor- 
nelius, of  Ipswich,  Mass.  1654.  I  should  be  very 
glad  to  learn  from  M.  C.  J.  the  connection  between 
this  branch  and  any  English  family,  and  to  send 
him  in  return  any  particulars  about  the  American 
Waldos :  the  list  would  of  course  be  too  extensive 
for  publication  in  "  N.  &  Q." 

W.  H.  WHITMORE. 

Boston,  U.  S.  A. 

SIR  BASIL  BROOKE  (3rd  S.  iv.  81.)  — Sir  Basil 
was  not  the  son  of  his  namesake  as  the  MESSRS. 
COOPER  suppose,  but  the  eldest  son  of  John  Brooke 
of  Madeley,  in  Shropshire,  Esq.,  and  Anne, 
eldest  daughter  of  Francis  Shirley  of  Staunton 
Harold,  Esq.,  and  Dorothy,  daughter  of  Sir 
John  Gifford  of  Chillington.  See  the  Visitation 
of  Shropshire,  Ad.  MS.  14,314,  fol.  40  b.,  where, 
however,  Francis  Shirley  is  called  Ralph  by  mis- 
take. Sir  Basil  married  Etheldreda,  daughter  of 
Sir  Edmund  Brudenell,  K.nt.,  as  appears  by  Ni- 
chols's Leicestershire,  ii.  pt.  n.  For  a  view  of  the 
present  remains  of  Great  Madeley  Court,  see  the 
first  vol.  of  the  Anastatic  Society,  XII. 

For  verses  addressed  "  To  my  much  honored  and 
intirely  beloved  friend  Sir  Basill  Brooke,  Knight," 
see  J.  Davies's  Scourge  of  Folly,  1611,  p.  132. 
The  other  Sir  Basil  Brooke  was  one  of  the  under- 
takers for  the  settlement  of  the  Province  of  Ulster, 
who  died^in  1633.  See  Archdall's  edition  of  Lodges 
Peerage  of  Ireland,  vol.  vi.  p.  35.  This  Sir  Basil 
was  of  Magherabegge  and  Brooke  Manor  in  the 
county  of  Donegal,  and  built  the  fine  Eli/ribethan 
house  or  castle  still  remaining  at  Donegal.  What 
was  the  relationship  between  them  ? 

E.  P.  SHIRLEY. 

Lower  Eatington  Park,  Stratford- on -Avon. 

I  have  a  copy  of  the  Entertainments  for  Lent, 
by  Caussin,  translated  by  Sir  Basil  Brooke ;  but 
it  is  a  good  deal  the  worse  for  wear,  and  has  no 
title-page,  the  last  leaf  is  also  wanting.  I  cannot 
therefore  say  where  it  was  printed,  nor  determine 
its  date,  though  it  is  certainly  not  older  than  the 
end  of  the  last  century.  The  plan  of  the  work  is 
the  following.  First  is  given  the  gospel  of  each 


S.  IV.  AUG.  15,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


137 


day,  beginning  with  Ash  Wednesday,  and  ending 
with  Low  Sunday.  Next,  there  are  two  or  three 
pages  of  reflections,  under  the  heading  of  "Morali- 
ties," and  these  are  followed  by  a  page  or  so  oi 
pious  "Aspirations."  F.  C.  H. 

ORIGIN  or  THE  WORD  "  BIGOT  "  (I8t  S.  v.  277, 
331;  ix.  560;  3rd  S.  iv.  39,  98.)— In  answer  to 
one  of  the  Queries  of  R.  W.  (3rd  S.  iv.  39),  I  sub- 
join the  following  from  R.  Cotgrave's  Dictionary, 
published  in  1611 :  — 

"  Bigot  (an  old  Norman  word,  signifying  as  much  as 
'  De  par  Dieu,'  or  our « For  God's  sake,'  made  good  French, 
and  signifying),  an  hypocrite,  or,  one  that  seemeth  much 
more  holy  than  he  is ;  also,  a  scrupulous  or  superstitious 
fellow." 

W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 

PROVERB  RESPECTING  TRUTH  (3rd  S.  iv.  28.)  — 
I  am  acquainted  with  two  other  versions  of  this 
proverb,  but  cannot  say  which  is  the  correct 
reading :  — 

"  Follow  not  Truth  too  near  the  heels,  lest  she  dash  out 
j-our  teeth." — T.  Fielding's  Select  Proverbs  of  all  Nations, 
1824. 

"  He  that  follows  truth  too  near  the  heels,  •will  have 
dirt  kicked  in  his  face."  —  W.  R.  Kelly's  Proverbs  of  all 
Nations,  1859. 

W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 

DENNIS  :  ARMA  INQUIRENDA  (3rd  S.  iv.  53, 54.) — 
Since  sending  my  Note  on  Dennis  to  "  N.  &  Q.," 
I  find  that  I  have  transcribed  the  name  of  the 
fourth  quarter  in  the  shield  of  eight  quarterings, 
on  p.  54,  wrongly.  I  wrote  "  Neremouth ;"  the 
name  should  be  Newmarch.  I  shall  be  much 
obliged  to  any  reader  of  my  Note  who  will  also 
make  this  correction.  D.  P. 

Stuarts  Lodge,  Malvern  Wells. 

PEALS  OP  TWELVE  (3rd  S.  iv.  96.)— OXONIENSIS 
asks  how  many  cathedrals  and  churches  have  peals 
of  twelve  bells.  The  following  is,  I  believe,  a 
pretty  correct  list :  — 

St.  Bride's,  Fleet  Street ;  St.  Michael's,  Corn- 
hill  ;  St.  Giles's,  Cripplegate ;  St.  Leonard's, 
Shoreditch  ;  St.  Martin's-in-the-Fields ;  St.  Savi- 
our's, Southwark ;  Christ  Church,  Spitalfields ;  St. 
Clement's  Danes ;  St.  Alphage,  Greenwich  ;  St. 
Mary's,  Cambridge ;  St.  Nicholas,  Liverpool ;  St. 
Peter's.  Mancroft,  Norwich ;  St.  Chad's,  Shrews- 
bury; St.  Martin's,  Birmingham;  St.  Peter's, 
Leeds  ;  Parish  Church,  Cirencester;  Oldham,  Lan- 
cashire ;  the  Minster,  York ;  Quex  Park,  Thanet, 
Kent ;  Painswick,  Gloucester. 

As  for  "poetical  effusions"  on  bells,  I  have  not 
attempted  to  include  them  in  my  List  of  Bell 
Literature.  They  are  more  numerous  than  books 
and  tractates  on  the  subject.  A  collection  would 
form  an  interesting  volume  ;  beginning,  it  may 
be,  with  Aldrich's  "  Bonny  Christ  Church  bells." 
H.  T.  ELLACOMBE. 


BINDING  A  STONE  IN  A  SLING  (3rd  S.  iv.  9,  96.) 
We  are  necessarily  in  a  difficulty  when  we  come 
to  a  word  in  the  Hebrew  which  occurs  once  only, 
as  is  the  case  with  HOJID  (Prov.  xxvi.  8).  The 
most  ancient  versions,  as  the  Chaldee,  Greek,  Sy- 
riac,  and  Arabic,  understand  a  sling.  The  Vulgate, 
Aben  Ezra,  Martin  Luther,  David  Martin  (in 
French),  Schultens,  Gesenius,  Augusti,  and  De 
Wette,  understand,  a  heap  of  stones.  Gesenius 
renders  the  word  "IVM  a  purse  or  bag  (as  in  Gen. 
xlii.  35,  Prov.  vii.  20),  but  such  version  requires 
the  word  }3X,  a  stone,  to  be  in  the  plural.  The 
term  Mercurii,  in  the  Latin,  is  very  objectionable, 
as  this  deity  was  unknown  to  Solomon.  We  see 
then  that  the  version  of  the  Vulgate  and  of  the 
moderns  rests  not  on  the  authority  of  the  ancient 
versions,  but  is  an  inference  from  etymology  ;  but 
etymology  is  not  trustworthy  in  this  case,  for  a 
heap  of  stones  and  a  sling  for  throwing  stones 
both  require  the  same  root,  03^,  ragam,  in 


Hebrew,  to  stone,  or  f^Tj  >  rag  am  in  Arabic,  to 
heap  up  stones.  The  sense  given  by  Kimchi  is 
jOjnK,  purple,  which  appears  to  be  the  view  of 
R.  Levi.  I  may  add  the  conjecture  that  nOJIE 
should  be  read  niDp"lD,  embroidery,  party-coloured 
cloth,*  a  premasoretic  error  of  the  ear  of  one  writ- 
ing from  dictation.  There  are,  however,  but  two 
reliable  meanings,  the  one  in  our  text,  and  the 
other  in  our  margin  ;  the  former  having  the  higher 
authorities  in  its  favour.  I  do  not  consider  the 
meaning  of  the  text  to  be  to  fasten  the  stone  so 
that  it  cannot  be  thrown,  but  to  secure  it  in  the 
sling  for  the  purpose  of  being  thrown  to  the  in- 
jury of  some  one,  as  honour  is  injurious  to  the 
fool  to  whom  it  is  given.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

KNIGHTHOOD  :  MILES,  EQTJES,  EQTJES  AURATCS 
(3rd  S.  iv.  7.)  —  Q.  wishes  to  know  whether,  as 
these  terms  seem  equally  applied  to  knights  civil 
and  military,  and  equally  imply  knighthood,  there 
is  any  distinction  arising  out  of  them  :  his  query 
remains  unanswered.  Jacob  van  Oudenhoven, 
who  wrote  in  the  early  part  of  the  seventeenth 
century,f  says,  that  a  Ridder  (knight)  was  in  Latin 
official  documents  styled  Miles,  or  Eques,  that  the 
latter  term  denoted  a  land  warrior,  and  the  latter 
a  sea  warrior  ;  but  it  was  certainly  a  curious  term 
to  apply  to  a  seaman,  unless  there  were  horse-ma- 
rines in  those  days.  He  refers  to  Hadrianus 
Junius's  Batavia,  cap.  xix.,  which  I  have  not  at 
hand  ;  he  goes  on  to  say,  without  mentioning 


*  Sea  Freitag,  under  JJ    ,  p.  235. 

t  "  Oude  Hollandsche  Landen,  Heeren.  Luyden,  Rechten 
ri  Rechtsplegingen,  Oprechten  van't  Hoff  van  Hollandt 
Zeeland  en  West-Vrieslandt,  Leenhoff  in  Hollandt,  en  den 
logen  Raedt,  &c.  Beschreeven  door  Jacob  van  Ouden- 
loven.  Te  Amsterdam,  1743." 


138 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*d  S.  IV.  AUG.  15,  '63. 


Eques  Auratus,  that  it  was  customary  in  early 
times  to  invest  knights  who  had  made  themselves 
conspicuous  by  their  valour  with  a  golden  sash  or 
belt,  publicly  bestowed,  whereupon  they  assumed 
the  highest  degree  of  knighthood.  Will  this  help 
Q.  out  of  his  corner  ?  JAMBS  KNOWLBS. 

JAMBS  SHERGOLD  BOONE  (3rd  S.  iii.  510;  iv.  98.) 
Your  correspondent  CAICS  mentions  ajeu  d'esprit 
written  by  Mr.  Boone,  "  while  an  undergraduate, 
describing  the  fire  at  Christ  Church,  one  verse  of 
which  I  recollect :  — 

'  And  trembling  scouts  forgot  to  cap  the  Dean.' " 
I  have  not  a  copy  of  the  piece  in  question,  but 
four  couplets  from  it  are  thus  quoted  in  the  de- 
scriptions to  the  illustrations  in  The  English  Spy, 
by  Bernard  Blackmantle  (i.  e.  Charles  Molloy 
Westmacott),  1825. 

"  FLOORING  OF  MERCUKY,   OK  BURNING  THE   OAKS. 

A  Scene  in  Tom  Quadrangle,  Oxford. 
"  If  wits  aright  their  tale  of  terror  tell, 
A  little  after  great  Mercurius  fell, 

Gownsmen  and  townsmen  throng'd  the  water's  edge 
To  gaze  upon  the  dreadful  sacrilege ; 

— There  with  drooping  mien,  a  silent  band, 
Canons  and  bedmaker  together  stand : 

In  equal  horror  all  alike  were  seen, 

And  shuddering  scouts  forgot  to  cap  the  Dean." 

1 .  15. 

The  coloured  illustration  to  this,  at  p.  147,  is  by 
Robert  Cruikshank,  and  represents  the  scene  at 
the  fire,  with  the  leaden  statue  of  Mercury,  "  the 
gift  of  Dr.  John  Radcliffe,  which  rises  from  the 
centre  of  the  basin,  on  the  spot  where  once  stood 
the  sacred  cross  of  St.  Frideswide,  and  the  pulpit 
of  the  reformer,  Wickliffe."  At  p.  140  of  the  same 
work,  mention  is  made  of  The  Oxford  Spy  as 
"  being  written  by  Shergold  Boone,  Esq.,  a  young 
member  of  the  University."  My  copy  of  The  Ox- 
ford Spy  is  the  fourth  edition,  1819.  The  poem 
occupies  101  pages,  the  "Introduction"  46  pages 

Mr.  Boone  gained  the  Newdigate  in  1817,  with 
a  poem  of  fifty-two  lines,  on  the  subject  of  The 
Farnese  Hercules.  Mr.  Boone  was  also  the  author 
of  The  Welcome  of  Isis,  a  poem  of  thirty-one 
pages,  "  occasioned  by  an  expected  visit  of  the 
Duke  of  Wellington  to  the  University  of  Oxford," 
in  1820,  in  which  year  the  poem  was  written,  but 
it  was  not  published  until  June,  1834,  on  the  oc- 
casion of  the  Duke's  memorable  visit  to  Oxford, 
when  the  — 

"Ode  for  the  Encaenia  at  Oxford,  June  11, 1834,  in 
honour  of  his  Grace,  Arthur,  Duke  of  Wellington,  Chan- 
cellor of  the  University," — 

was  written  by  the  Professor  of  Poetry,  Keble. 
The  titlepage  of  The  Welcome  of  Isis  merely  states 
it  to  be  "  by  the  author  of  The  Oxford  Spy" 

To  this  note  I  would  append  a  query :  Was  Mr. 
Boone  the  author  of  a  very  clever  satirical  poem 


entitled  Black  Gowns  and  Red  Coats,  or  Oxford  in 
1834,*  in  which  the  Duke  of  Wellington  plays  a 
conspicuous  part  ?  The  satire  was  published  in 
six  parts,  varying  from  twenty-four  to  thirty-one 
pages  each,  by  James  Ridgway  and  Sons,  Picca- 
dilly, 1834.  "  CUTHBERT  BEDE. 

'  DON'T  BE  CONSISTENT,"  ETC.  (3rd  S.  iii.  387.)— 
Your  correspondent  ST.  SWITHIN  asks  for  the 
source  of  Dr.  Holme's  line  :  — 

"  Don't  be  consistent,  but  be  simply  true." 

It  occurs  in  "  Urania,"  a  poem  delivered  by  him 
before  a  Literary  Society  in  Boston,  U.S.,  in  the 
winter  of  1846  ;  and  republished  in  Tickner  and 
Field's  edition  of  his  collected  poems,  not  far 
from  the  year  1849.  W.  E. 

BRIDPORT,  ITS  TOPOGRAPHY,  ETC.  (3rd  S.  iv. 
75.)— May  I  ask  the  new  editors  of  Hutchins  not 
to  sanction  the  error  of  most  compilers  of  Ency- 
clopedias, Geographical  Dictionaries,  &c.,  with 
reference  to  this  town.  Having  occasion  to  seek 
some  important  information  respecting  Bridport, 
I  have  consulted  various  Gazetteers  and  Cyclo- 
paedias under  this  head ;  and  find  them  one  and 
all  in  error  with  reference  to  the  name  of  the 
river  upon  which  Bridport  is  situated.  The  de- 
scription invariably  runs :  — 
"  Bridport,  a  town  on  the  river  Bride,"  &c. 
There  is  no  such  river  in  Bridport  as  the 
Bride.  I  have  resided  in  that  neighbourhood  all 
my  life,  and  can  testify  to  the  correctness  of  the 
following  note,  in  Mr.  Maskell's  Lecture  on  the 
history  of  this  town  :  — 

"  Three  rivers  unite,  and  fall  into  the  sea  at  Bridport 
Harbour :  — 

"  1.  The  Brit,  rising  at  Axnole  Hill,  and  flowing  south 
by  Beaminster  to  Parnham,  Netherbury,  and  Melplaish, 
thence  to  Bridport.  On  reaching  Bridport,  it  flows  under 
West  Bridge,  dividing  the  town  from  Allington. 

"  2.  The  Symene,  which  rises  in  Symondsbury  (divid- 
ing that  parish  from  Allington),  and  joins  the  Brit  to 
the  south  of  the  town  of  Bridport. 

"3.  The  Asker,  from  Askerswell,  which  flows  under 
the  East  Bridge,  and  thence  south-west  to  the  Harbour 
Road,  under  the  South  Bridge,  meeting  the  Brit  near 
the  old  brewery. 

"  These  three  rivers,  thus  united,  form  Bridport  Har- 
bour." 

By  this  note  it  appears  that  the  hasty  com- 
pilers of  Gazetteers,  &c.,  have  mistaken  the 
"  Bride  "  for  the  "  Burt,"  or  "  Brit ;"  which  error 
is  to  some  extent  excusable,  for  inhabitants  of 
Bridport  often  make  the  same  mistake,  so  true  it 
is  that  "  we  know  less  of  what  we  daily  see  than 
of  more  remote  matters."  There  is  no  river  Bride 
nearer  to  Bridport  than  Bridehead,  in  the  parish 
of  Littlebredy  (ten  miles  distant),  which  river 
falls  into  the  sea  at  Burton  —  anciently,  Bride- 
town. 

[*  The  author  was  George  Cox,  M.A.,  Fellow  of  New 
College,  Oxford.  See  "  N.  &  Q."  !•«  S.  v.  332,  574.— ED.] 


S.  IV.  AUG.  15,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


139 


Bridport,  from  the  Brit,  or  Hurt,  was  formerly 
written  Burtporte.  Hence  the  proverb  :  "  Stab- 
bed with  a  Burport  dagger" — a  periphrase  for 
being  hanged,  in  allusion  to  the  ropes  for  which 
the  manufactors  of  Bridport  were  once  famous, 
and  with  which  Newgate  and  other  places  were 
supplied.  See  the  old  morality  of  Hycke  Scorner, 
in  Dr.  Percy's  Collection,  dated  1520  (circ.)  : 
"  Once  a  yere  the  inmates  of  Newgat  have  taw 
halts  of  Burtporte."  E.  E.  C. 

My  best  thanks  are  due  to  W.  S.  &  S.  W.  H.  for 
their  kindly  notice  of  my  brochure  on  this  subject, 
published  in  1855.  The  edition  is  now  exhausted, 
by  the  free  distribution  of  copies,  not  their  sale, 
tor  my  pamphlet  met  with  the  customary  fate  of 
maiden  publications,  and  was  a  considerable  pe- 
cuniary loss  to  its  author,  a  poor  curate !  I  am 
rejoiced  to  learn  that  the  history  of  this  ancient 
town  is  likely  to  be  so  ably  investigated  by  the 
new  editors  of  Hutchins.  I  had  no  access  to  such 
documents  as  I  rejoice  to  find  are  placed  before 
these  editors ;  in  fact,  I  well  remember  with  how 
much  want  of  courtesy  an  application  to  search 
the  records  was  refused.  But  I  am  glad  to  find 
that  the  Records  are  now  in  more  friendly,  al- 
though, I  dare  say,  not  less  careful  custody.  The 
chief  purport  of  this  long  note  is  to  call  the  atten- 
tion of  Messrs.  Shipp  and  Hodson  to  the  following 
references  to  Bridport,  which  I  have  entered  in 
an  interleaved  copy  of  my  published  lecture.  This 
book  is  quite  at  the  service  of  these  gentlemen,  if 
they  think  it  worth  while  to  have  it  on  loan, 
through  the  post.  References  to  Bridport  may 
be  found  in  the  Gentleman  s  Magazine,  Ixxxvii.  i. 
32  ;  Ixxxviii.  i.  393.  Calendar  of  State  Papers 
(Bruce),  1626,  1629,  1631.  Dugdale's  Monasti- 
con,  vi.  759.  Roberta's  Life  of  the  Duke  of  Mon- 
mouth,  i.  262 — 274.  Quarterly  Review,  cxciii.  189. 
There  are  also  interesting  references  to  Bridport 
in  the  Lords'  Journals,  v.  310 ;  xxi.  653,  654,  662; 
xxviii. ;  xxxi.  60;  xxxvii. ;  Hi.  and  Iv. ;  and  in  the 
Journals  of  the  House  of  Commons,  i.  ii.  and  xcvii. 

J.  MASKELL. 

Tower  Hill. 

ISSUE  OF  LEE,  EARL  OF  LITCHFIELD  (3rd  S.  iv. 
113.) — Your  correspondent,  ME.  GEORGE  LEE,  is 
under  a  mistake  in  supposing  that  the  Lady  Eli- 
zabeth Lee,  third  daughter  of  the  first  Earl  of 
Litchfield,  married  Sir  George  Broon,  Bart.  Ac- 
cording to  a  pedigree  in  my  possession,  she  mar- 
ried first  Colonel  Francis  Lee,  by  whom  she  had 
issue  one  daughter,  who  married  — —  Temple, 
Esq. ;  and  secondly,  in  1731,  the  celebrated  poet 
the  Rev.  Edward  Young,  D.C.L.,  who  had  been 
appointed  Rector  of  Welwyn,  Herts,  in  1730. 

The  Lady  Barbara  Lee,  her  Ladyship's  sister, 
the  fourth  and  youngest  daughter  of  the  first 
Earl  of  Litchfield,  married,  in  1725,  Sir  George 
Browne,  Bart.,  of  Kiddington  (of  the  family  of 


Browne,  Viscount  Montagu).  The  issue  of  which 
marriage  was  an  only  daughter  and  heiress,  Bar- 
bara Browne ;  who  married,  first,  Sir  Edward. 
Mostyn,  fifth  baronet,  of  Talacre,  Flintshire,  and 
had  two  sons  ;  and  secondly,  Charles  Gore,  Esq., 
of  Barrow  Court,  Somerset ;  leaving  two  sons, 
Colonel  Gore-Langton  of  Newton,  and  the  Rev. 
Charles  Gore.  Thus  the  Mostyns  of  Talacre, 
Lord  Vaux  of  Harrowden  (George  Mostyn),  and 
the  Gore-Langtons  of  Somersetshire,  are  each 
representatives  in  the  female  line  of  the  ancient 
family  of  Lee.  F.  G.  L. 

Lady  Elizabeth  Lee  did  not  marry  into  the 
family  of  the  Broons  or  Brownes,  but  her  sister 
Lady  Barbara  Lee  did.  Lady  Elizabeth  married 
first,  Colonel  Lee ;  and  of  that  marriage  one 
daughter,  Elizabeth,  was  the  first  wife  of  the  pre- 
sent Lord  Palmerston's  grandfather ;  and  another 
daughter,  Caroline,  was  the  first  wife  of  General 
William  Haviland,  of  Penn,  Bucks.  Lady  Eliza- 
beth married,  secondly,  Dr.  Edward  Young,  Rec- 
tor of  Welwyn,  the  author  of  the  Night  Thoughts, 
and  some  beautiful  letters  are  extant  written  by 
him  to  his  favourite  step-daughter,  Mrs.  General 
Haviland.  Lady  Barbara  Lee  was  married,  in 
May,  1725,  to  Sir  George  Browne,  of  Kiddington, 
Bart.,  the  "  Sir  Plume "  of  Pope's  Rape  of  the 
Lock.  A. 

MILTON  PORTRAIT  (3rd  S.  iv.  26.)  —  Will  the 
following  references  be  of  any  service  to  MR.  G. 
SCHARF  ?  I  fear  not,  but  it  is  just  possible. 

Writing  Wordsworth,  in  1815,  Lamb  tells  him 
that  his  brother  John  had  picked  up  a  portrait  of 
Milton,  "  undoubtable"  says  C.  L.  "  The  original 
of  the  heads  in  the  Tonson  editions  "  (p.  243). 
He  returns  to  the  subject  in  another  letter 
(p.  245). — LamVs  Works,  fyc.,  by  Talfourd,  col- 
lected edition,  in  one  volume,  1852. 

I  add  a  Query :  Is  anything  known  of  the 
whereabouts  and  value  of  this  portrait  ? 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

"BOADICEA"  (3rd  S.  iv.  69.)— The  lines  quoted 
are  not  in  Boadicea,  a  Tragedy,  by  Charles  Hop- 
kins, "as  acted  by  Her  Majesty's  Servants  at  the 
Theatre  in  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,"  1697. 

JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORKARD,  M.A. 

LUCRETIA  MARIA  DAVIDSON  (3rd  S.  iv.  53.)  — 
A  long  Memoir  of  this  young  lady  is  appended  to 
her  Poetical  Remains,  edited  by  her  mother,  and 
published  in  Philadelphia,  1841  ;  London,  1843; 
and  New  York,  1851.  One  can  hardly  think  that 
so  circumstantial  an  account  relates  to  a  "ficti- 
tious and  imaginary  person." 

JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORKARB,  M.A. 

EXCHEQUER  (3rd  S.  iv.  73.)— 

"  II  est  sans  doute  qu'il  yient  du  mot  Allemand  Skecken 
qui  signifie  envoyer,  parceque  cette  assemblee  avoit  suc- 
c^de  au?j  envoyea  on  MisSis  Dqminifis,  etant  composes 


140 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"1  S.  IV.  AUG.  15,  '63. 


des  Eveques  et  des  Barons  et  de  plusieurs  autres  personnes 
qui  etaient  envoyees  et  ordonn^es  par  le  Due  pour  rendre 
la  justice." — Henri  Basnage,  Commentaries  on  the  Custume 
de  Normandie,  p.  2,  quoting  "  Pithou,  Chopin,  Menage, 
Ko'ie." 

JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORKARD,  MA. 

THE  "FAERIE  QUEENE"  UNVEILED  (3rd  S.  iv. 
102.) — It  is  a  pity  the  writer  of  this  article  had 
not  recourse  to  the  last  and  best  edition  of  Spenser 
(that  by  MR.  J.  P.  COLLIER).  Had  he  done  this, 
your  readers  might  have  been  spared  the  repeti- 
tion of  the  paltry  and  preposterous  insinuation 
that  the  illustrious  poet  was  his  own  commentator 
and  encomiast.  We  have  proved  with  reasonable 
certainty,  that  "  E.  K.,"  the  author  of  the  Glosse 
and  Scholion  on  the  ShepJiearcfs  Calender,  was 
Edward  Kirke  —  a  contemporary  at  Pembroke 
Hall  of  Spenser  and  Gabriel  Harvey  ("N.  &  Q.," 
2ud  S.  ix.  42  ;  Athena  Cantabr.  ii.  244) ;  and  MR. 
COLLIER  has  expressed  his  opinion,  that  we  have 
cleared  up  the  matter. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

SIR  CHARLES  CALTHROPE  (3rd  S.  iv.  55.) — Per- 
mit me  to  ask  your  correspondent  MR.  TOTTEN- 
HAM, whether  there  is  not  some  omission  in  his 
account  of  this  family?  He  states  flint  Sir 
Charles,  born  1524,  was  son  of  Sir  Francis ;  who 
was  son  of  Sir  William,  who  was  high  sheriff  of 
Norfolk,  1st  Hen.  VI.  (1422),  and  was  son  of  Sir 
Bartholomew,  who  was  son  of  Sir  William  ;  whose 
father,  Sir  Oliver,  was  son  of  Sir  William,  who 
lived  in  the  time  of  the  Conqueror  (1066  to  1087). 
This  makes  only  six  generations  in  about  four 
hundred  and  fifty  years,  which  is  of  course 
impossible. 

JOB  J.  BARD  WELL  WORK.ARD,  M.A. 

OLD  STAFFORD  BALLAD  (3rd  S.  iv.  87.)  —  The- 
explanation  of  these  lines  may  perhaps  be  found 
in  an  old  rustic  sport ;  which  consisted  in  hauling 
a  waggon  wheel  to  the  top  of  a  hill,  and  then 
letting  it  run  and  jump  from  the  top  to  the  bot- 
tom. This  within  my  own  memory  was  an  amuse- 
ment dear  to  the  yokels  of  Wye,  near  Ashford, 
Kent,  and  I  believe  elsewhere.  In  order  to  make 
my  explanation  intelligible,  I  must  crave  permis- 
sion to  repeat  the  lines  in  question  :  — 
"  As  I  wer  a  gooin  oop  Whorley  Boonk, 
Oop  Whorley  Boonk,  oop  Whorley  Boonk, 

Coomin  down : 
The  cart  stud  still  and  the  wheel  went  round, 

Coomin  down, 
A  gooin  oop  Whorley  Boonk." 

Boonk,  a  bank,  still  bonk  in  Scotland.  Conf. 
A.-S.  bane;  and,  in  Isl.,  bunco,  "tumor  terrse." 

"  Coomin  down"  is  the  rough  warning  given  by 
the  lads  at  the  top  of  the  "  boonk,"  when  they 
have  started  the  wheel ;  and  that  seems  to  be  the 
reason  why  in  singing,  as  your  learned  corre- 
spondent states,  it  is  "  shouted  more  loudly  than 


the  rest."  The  latter  part  of  the  fourth  line  I 
would  connect  with  what  follows,  not  with  what 
precedes.  The  sense  of  the  passage  will  then  be  : 
As  I  was  going  up  the  Boonk  (driving  a  cart),  I 
heard  voices  above  shouting  the  warning  "  Coomin 
down  ! "  I  stopped  my  cart ;  "  and  the  wheel 
went  round,  eoomin  down."  SCHIN. 

THE  TERMINATION  "  OT  "  (3rd  S.  iv.  87)  forms 
one  of  the  most  frequent  diminutives  in  the  French 
language.  Cf.  the  surnames  Bellot .  (Be#,  i.e. 
Isabel);  Didot;  Elliott  (Eli  or  Elias);  Gillot 
(Will);  Guizot;  Harriot,  Heriot  (Harry)  ;  Jacot, 
Jacotot,  a  double  dim.  (Jacques)  ;  Janot,  Janotus, 
Jeanot  (Jean) ;  Margot  (Marguerite)  ;  Marriott 
(Marie)  ;  Nicot  (Nicolas') ;  Parrott,  Perrott,  Pier- 
rot (Pierre)  ;  Tiennot  (Etiennc,  i.  e.  Stephen)  ; 
Tillot  (Matilda).  "  Ot "  takes  also  the  form  of  at, 
att,  et,  ett,  it,  itt,  as  in  Parratt,  Pellatt,  Thomasett, 
Parret,  Parritt.  R.  S.  CHABNOCK. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 

BELLAMY'S  BIBLE.    2  Vols.  Ho. 

VALPY'S  DELPHIN  CLASSICS.    Vol.  LXXVI. 

JONES'S  HISTORY  OF  BRECKNOCKSHIRE. 

Wanted  by  Thou.  Millard,  70,  Newgate  Street. 

BRITTON'S  HEREFORD  CATHEDRAL.    Small  Paper. 

Wanted  by  Sir  T.  E.  Winnington,  Bart.,  Stanford  Court, 
Worcester. 

HEYWOOD,  IL  MORO  D'ELISEO  HEIODO. 

CASE  (JOHN).  ANOELICAL  GUIDE.    Lond.  1697. 

TOM  BROWN'S  WORKS.    Vol.  I.    Lond. 

HEIDON  (JOHN),  any  of  his  works., 

LIFE  OF  FRANSHAM. 

LIFE  OP  NEVISON,  THE  YORKSHIRE  ROBBER.    (A  pamphlet.) 

VARLEY'S  ZODIACAL  PHYSIOGNOMY. 

Wanted  by  C.  jB.  C.,  6,  Elmwood  Grove,  Leeds. 


ta 

We  are  compelled  to  postpone  until  next  week  our  usual  Notes  on 
Books. 

PRAT  REMEMBER  THE  GROTTO.  Our  correspondent,  will  find  in  our 
first  jy  umber,  p.  5,  the  very  probable  suggestion,  that  these  grottoes  were. 
formerly  erected  on  St.  James's  Day  by  poor  persons,  at  an  invitation  to 
the  pious,  who  could  not  visit  the  shrine  of  St.  James's  at  Compostella,  to 
show  their  reverence  for  the  saint  by  almsgiving  to  their  needy  brethren. 

E.  M.  C.  To  what  address  can  we  forward  a  letter  for  this  Corre- 
spondent ? 

3.  A.  C.  VINCENT.  It  is  well  knoion  that  T>r.  John  Barkham,  or 
liarcham.  Dean  oj  Backing,  was  the  author  of  Gwillim's  Heraldry.  See 
Nicobon's  Historical  Libraries,  Wood's  Athens:  Oxon.  by  Sifts,  ii. 
S97-299;  lii.  36;  Moule'a  Bibliotheca  Heraldica;  and  the  Censura  Lite- 
rana. 

T.  PCRNELL.  We  were  indebted  to  a  Radnorshire  gentleman'for  the 
version  of  the  epigram  given  at  p.  70.  Upon  reference  to  the  MS.  we  </<> 
jmd  .that  Monmouthshire  was  misread  for  Merionethshire.  We  have 
frequently  hinted  to  our  correspondents  that  all  proper  names  should  be 
wiitten  legibly. 

_  "NOTES  AND  QOERIES"  it  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
t*sued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  'lirect  from  t/ie  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  11s.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office 


favmir  of  MESSRS.  BELL  A 
all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  T 


ffice  Order 

,  186,  FLEET  STBRET,  E.C  ,  to  whom 
should  lie  addressed. 


.  nefit  of  reduced  duty  obtained  by  purchasing  Iforniman's  Pure. 

Tea:  very  choice  at  3s.  4<J.and4s.  "High  Standard"  at  4s.  4d.  (for- 
merly 4s.  Sd.),  is  the  strongest  and  most  delicious  imported.  Agents  in 
every  town  supply  it  in  Packets. 


3'«  S.  IV.  Auo.  15,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

TT      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIEF  OFFICES  :  3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.  E.  Bicknell,  Esq. 

T.  Homers  Cocks,  Esq.,  M.A..J.P. 

Geo.  H.  Drew.  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq 


Jicnry  r.  i  uuer,  jt,sq. 

,T.  H.  Goodha.rt.Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,  M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 

Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary. — Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 


.Director*. 

The  Hon.  K.  E.  Howard,  D.C.L. 

James  Hunt,  Esq. 

John  Leigh,  Esq. 

Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 

F.B.  Marson.Esq. 

E.  Vansittart  Nealc,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Jas.  Lys  Seager,  Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White,  Esq. 


Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  thi«  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society  s  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  BO  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONDS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MEDIC  AL  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADR  FOR  POLICV  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  AWMUITIBS 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14s. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  ft  ROBERTS. 


O  S  T  E   O      E  I  D  O  W. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

pABRIEL'S     SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

VJT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 

27,  Harley  Street, Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 
134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 


American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 


JC.  and  J.  FIELD,  Original  Manufacturers  (in 
•  England)  of  PARAFFINE  CANDLES,  to  whom  the  prize 
medal  (1862)  has  been  awarded,  and  their  Candles  adopted  by  her 
Majesty's  Government  for  use  at  the  Military  Stations  abruad.  These 
Candles  can  be  obtained  of  all  Chandlers  and  Grocers  in  the  United 
Kingdom.  Price  Is.  8rf.  per  Ib.  Also  Field's  celebrated  United  Service 
Soap  Tablets,  6d.  and4d.  each.  The  Public  are  cautioned  to  see  that 
Field  s  label  is  on  the  packets  or  boxes.  Wholesale  only,  and  lor 
Exportation,  Upper  Marsh,  Lambeth,  London,  S. 


IESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 


ers.    2s.  6d.  each  —  2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 


TJOLLOWAY'S    OINTMENT   AND   PILLS.— 

JLL  ERUPTIVE  FEVERS. -SMALLPOX. -When  these  diseases 
:e  epidemic,  as  they  are  at  present,  every  one  should  be  doubly  re- 
rdful  of  health,  and  at  once  set  right  any  departure  therefrom,  than 
which  no  other  medicine  is  more  purifying,  regulating,  and  strengthen - 
mei.  B,y  takmS  Holloway's  pills,  the  watchful  and  careful  will  most 
probably  escape  this  disfiguring  disease,  or,  at  any  rate,  will  have  it  in 
a  milder  form  should  the  eruption  come  out.  The  skin  should  be  kept 
constantly  anointed  with  this  soothing  ointment,  which  will  prevent 
the  excessive  irritation  while  the  pustules  are  filling,  and  preserve 
against  the  pitting  afterwards.  Holloway's  remedies  will  ward  off  the 
most  serious  and  imminent  perils  of  small  pox.  Sold  at  Professor 
H°"oway  J  Establishment,  244,  Strand,  and  by  all  medicine  vendors 
throughout  the  civilised  world. 


1HE    LIVERPOOL     AND    LONDON 

FIRE  AND  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  in  1836. 

OFFICES  :  —  I,  Dale  Street,  Liverpool ;   20  and  81,  Poultry, 
London,  E.G. 

PROGRESS  OF  THE  COMPANY  SINCE  1850. 


Year. 

Fire  Premiums. 

Life  Premiums. 

Invested  Funds. 

i 

it 

t 

1851 

54,305 

27,157 

502,821 

1856 

222,279 

72,781 

821,061 

1861 

360,130 

135,974 

1,311,905 

1862 

436,065 

13?,703 

1,417,808 

The  Fire  Duty  paid  by  this  Company  in  England  in  1862  was  71,2342. 
SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 
JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 


HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 

per  dozen. 
White  Bordeaux 24«   and  30s.  per  doz. 


Good  Hock 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  42s 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24* 

Port 24s.,  30s 


36s. 
48S. 
SOs. 
36s. 


They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  Oi,D  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120».  per  doz. 

Vintage  1834 ,   108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840 84s.        „ 

Vintage  1847 72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandemau's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry, 36s., 42s. , 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  48s. ,60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60s.) 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120s.;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  66s., 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tlgnac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymse  Christ!,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz. ; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


THE  NATURAL  WINES  of  FRANCE.  — J. 
CAMPBELL,  Wine  Merchant,  158,  Kegent  Street,  recommends 
attention  to  the  following  CLARETS,  selected  by  himself  on  the 
Garonne :  —  Vin  de  Bordeaux  ( which  greatly  improves  by  keeping  in 
bottle  two  or  three  years),  20s.;  St.  Julien,  »2s.;  La  Rose,  Mi.;  St. 
Estfephe,  36s.;  St.  Emilion,  42.1.;  Haut  Brion,  48s.;  Lafitte,  La  tour, 
and  Chateau  Margaux,  60s.  to  84s.  per  dozen.  J.  C.'s  experience  and 
known  reputation  for  French  wines  will  be  some  guarantee  for  the 
soundness  of  the  wine  quoted  at  20s.  per  dozen — Note.  Burgundies  from 
36s.  to  54s.;  Chablis,  26s.  and  30s.  per  dozen.  E.  Clicquot's  finest  Cham- 
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GASC, M.A.    Third  Edition,  revised.    3s. 

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C.  DELUXE.    Second  Edition,  revised.   4s.  6d. 

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Analecta  Graeca  Minora.  With  Introductory  Sen- 
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The  Elements  of  the  English  Language.     By  Ernest 

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The  Student's  Text-Book  of  English  and  General 

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Now  ready,  price  10s.  6d.  cloth  boards,  with  very  Copious  Index. 

NOTES    AND    QUERIES, 


Volume  Second,  Third  Series. 


Containing,  in  addition  to  a  great  variety  of  Notes,  Queries,  and 
Replies,  long  Articles  on  the  following  Subjects:  — 

English,  Irish,  and  Scottish  History. 

Accession  of  Henry  VI Napoleon's  Escape  from  Elba— Execution 

of  Argyle— Duke  of  Wellington  and  Lady  Holland— Henry  VIII.'s 
Impress  at  Field  of  Cloth  of  Gold— Marquess  of  Anglesey's  Leg- 
Satirical  Print  against  Lord  Bolingbroke-Scots'  Privileges  in  France 
—  The  Scottish  Aceldama. 

Biography. 

Mr.  Justice  Heath— William  Strode— Sir  Isaac  Newton— Clohir  and 
Edmund  Burke -Burke  and  Beaconsfield— Richard  Baxter— Bishop 
Juxon— Henry  Muddiman— Gabriel  Naude— Eva  Maria  Garrick— 
Galileo  and  his  Telescope— Bishop  Porteus  and  George  III — De 
Coster,  the  Waterloo  Guide— Harrison  the  Regicide. 

Bibliography  and  literary  History. 

Coverdale's  Bible— Dean  Swift  and  Dr.  Wagstafie— Registers  of  Sta- 
tioners' Company— Pindar,  Hallam,  and  Byron— Oldys's  Notes  on. 
Milton— Unpublished  MSS.  of  W.  Fiske-Richard  Savage's  Impos- 
tures—Dr.  Johnson  on  Punning— Leicester  Town  Library— Notes  on 
Lowndes'  Bibliographer's  Manual— Antiquity  of  Scottish  Newspapers 
—Record  Commission  Publications—Mathematical  Bibliography. 

Popular  Antiquities  and  Folk  Lore. 

North  Devonshire  Folk  Lore— Christmas  Carol— Bird,  omen  of 
Death— Gloves-Turnspit  Dogs— Whittington  and  his  Cat— Nef— 
County  Feasts— The  Rod  in  the  Middle  Ages— St.  Cecilia,  the  Patro- 
ness of  Music— King  Alfted's  Jewel— Oxfordshire,  Lancashire,  and 
Aberdeenshire  Folk  Lore. 

Ballads,  Old  Poetry,  &.c. 

Ballad  of  Sir  James  the  Rose  —  Inedited  Lines  by  Drydeu —Illus- 
trations of  Shakspeare  and  Chaucer— Songs  of  Joseph  Mather  — 
Poems  by  Earl  of  Bristol  and  Duke  of  Buckingham  —  Drayton's 
Endymion. 

Popular  and  Proverbial  Saying's. 

Ods-bobs  and  Buttercups— After  Meat,  Mustard— Antrim  Proverbs 
— Eating  the  Mad  Cow  —  Congleton  Bible  and  Bear  —  Roundheads. 

Philology. 

Words  derived  from  Proper  Names  — Tyre  and  Retyre  —  Kaynard 
and  Canard —Faroe  and  Fairfield. 

Genealogy  and  Heraldry. 

Families  of  Field  and  De  la  Field— Curious  Characters  in  Legh's 
Accidence— St.  Leger  Family  — De  1'Isle  or  De  Insula  Family- 
Family  of  the  Bowles  —  Mutilation  of  Monuments —Letters  on 
Heraldry  _  Wyndham  Family. 

Fine  Arts. 

Turner  and  Lawrence  — Statue  of  George  I.— Pictures  of  the  Great 
Earl  of  Leicester — Picture  of  Paley . 

Ecclesiastical  History. 

Cardinal's  Cap— Rood  Lofts— Marrow  Controversy— The  Name  of 
Jesus— Bishops  in  Waiting  — Early  MSS.  of  the  Scriptures— Com - 
plutensian  Polyglot. 

Topography. 

Great  Tom  of  Oxford— Jerusalem  Chamber— South wark  or  St. 
George's  Bar— Pole  Fair  at  Corby — Essex  Clergymen—Lord  Mayor's 
Diamond  Sceptre. 

Miscellaneous  Notes,  Queries,  and  Replies. 

Written.  Tree  of  Thibet  —  Society  of  Sea  Serjeants  —  Shakspeare 
Music  —  Armour-clad  Ships  —  Centenarianism—  Lists  of  American 
Cents — Wills  at  the  Court  of  Probate  —  Printed  Wills. 


&  DALDY,  186,  FLEET  STREET,  E.C. 
And  by  order  of  all  Booksellers  and  Newsmen. 


3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  22,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


141 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  AUGUST  22,  1863. 


CONTENTS.— N».  86. 

NOTES:—  Pershore  "Bush-houses,  141  —  Strange  Deriva- 
tions, 142— Marwood  Family,  143  —  Earldom  of  Carrie :  Sir 
John  Mennis :  Endymion  Porter,  144. 

MINOR  NOTES  :  —Lord  Loughborough :  Earl  of  Rosslyn  — 
Cyclones  at  the  Seychelles  —  Liston,  the  Actor  —  Ancient 
Cereal  Productiveness—  Coatbridge:  Strange  Production 
from  a  Blast  Furnace— John  Locke :  Father  of  the  Philo- 
sopher, 144. 

QUERIES:  —  Aerostation  —  Joseph  Addison  and  the 
"  Spectator  "  —  George  Bellas  —  Burnet  Family  —  Col. 

Collet  — Epistle  to  a  Young  Lady:  J H ,  1757  — 

Margaret  Fox  —  Gambrinus  —  Goetie  —  Greek  Pronun- 
ciation— Hearn— "  To  hit :"  "To  hitch"— Lake  Dwel- 
lings —  Inglott  —  Lines  on  the  Committal  of  O'Connell  in 
1844  —Literary  Discovery  —  Medal  of  Luther  and  Melanc- 
thon  — Passage  in  Aristophanes  — Read— Title  borne  by 
Clergymen  —  Treffry  Family  —  "  Vitruvius,  in  English," 
146. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  Gilbert  Stuart,  Portrait  Pain- 
ter—John Donne,  LL.D.,  Son  of  the  Dean  of  St.  Paul's 
—  Quotations  Wanted  —  Ben  Jonson  and  Mrs.  Bulstrode, 
146. 

REPLIES:  —  The  "Arcadia"  Unveiled,  150  — Law  of  Lau- 
riston,  151  — James  Shergold  Boone,  158  — Magical  Crys- 
tals or  Mirrors,  155  —  The  Primrose  —  Ring  Motto  —  Fami- 
lies of  Beke  and  Speke— Incomes  of  Peers  in  the  Seven- 
teenth Century  — Bochart  — Thomas,  Earl  of  Norfolk  — 
Rooke  Family  —  Proverb  —  Fast  —  Great  Crosby  Goose 
Feast  —  Crush  a  Cup  —  The  Sacrifice  of  Isaac  —  New  Ross, 
co.  "Weiford  —  Sir  Toby  Mathew  — Cold  in  June  — Jest 
Books  —Lady  Lisle,  &c.  156. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


PERSHORE  «  BUSH-HOUSES." 

From  time  immemorial  the  inhabitants  of  Per- 
shore have  claimed,  and  a  great  number  have 
exercised,  the  right  to  sell  beer  for  three  days  at 
"the  fair"  without  licenses.  The  exercise  of  the 
right  is  notorious ;  the  oldest  inhabitant  recollects 
it  "  ever  since  he  was  a  boy,"  and  his  father  sold 
before  him.  Indeed,  "  the  memory  of  man  run- 
neth not  to  the  contrary."  The  custom  has  never 
been  interfered  with  or  even  questioned  by  the 
Excise  or  other  authorities,  up  to  the  passing  of 
the  statute  of  25  and  26  Vic.  cap.  22,  which  in- 
troduced the  "  occasional  license  "  system.  After 
the  last  Pershore  Fair,  held  on  three  days  in  the 
last  week  of  June,  1863,  the  Excise  authorities,  of 
course  acting  under  legal  advice,  laid  informations 
against  a  batch  of  alleged  contraveners  of  the  said 
statute,  alias  "bush-house  keepers,"  and  sum- 
monses were  issued  against  ten  persons,  who 
were  severally  charged,  upon  Excise  informations, 
under  4th  and  5th  William  IV.  c.  85,  s.  17,  with 
selling  "  half  a  pint  of  beer,"  on  the  26th  of  June 
last  (Pershore  Fair  day),  without  a  license.  These 
were  not  the  only  bush-house  keepers  that  sold 
beer,  but  the  others  who  sold  were  not  summoned. 
The  case  was  heard  at  Petty  Sessions,  on  July 
28,  before  an  unusually  full  bench  of  magistrates ; 
and,  after  a  lengthened  inquiry,  was  dismissed. 


In  the  course  of  his  speech  Mr.  Clutterbuck,  the 
counsel  for  the  defence,  said,  that  Pershore  was 
not  the  only  place  where  similar  customs  existed. 
He  instanced  a  fair  held  by  the  Lord  of  the 
Manor  at  Stamford  Bridge,  Yorkshire,  and  the 
Barton  Fair,  Gloucester,  where  the  Excise  autho- 
rities attempted  to  upset  ancient  rights,  and  were 
signally  beaten. 

The  foregoing  case  has  drawn  forth  a  very  in- 
teresting communication  on  "  Bush-Houses,"  pub- 
lished in  The  Worcester  Herald  for  August  8, 
1863;  the  which  I  herewith  transmit  to  you,  in 
case  you  should  agree  with  me  in  thinking  it  worthy 
of  preservation  in  "  N.  &  Q."  From  its  initial 
signature  "  N.,"  it  is  evidently  written  by  a  former 
contributor  to  these  pages,  MR.  JOHN  NOAKE  :  the 
learned  author  of  Worcester  in  the  Olden  Time; 
Rambler  in  Worcestershire;  Notes  and  Queries  for 
Worcestershire,  &c.  &c. 

"  Some  interest  has  been  excited,  not  only  amoiig  the 
parties  immediately  concerned,  but  with  the  general 
public,  and  antiquaries  especially,  by  the  Excise  inform- 
ations against  the  Pershore  'bush-houses,'  which  the 
local  magistrates  last  week  thought  proper  to  dismiss. 
The  question  is  one  of  greater  significance  than  at  first 
sight  appears,  owing  to  the  right  claimed  by  the  Excise 
to  override  an  ancient  charter  by  the  statute  of  25  and 
26  Victoria. 

"  Henry  the  Third,  on  the  4th  of  May,  in  the  lith  year 
of  his  reign,  'gave  to  God,  our  blessed  Lady,  and  St. 
Edburgh  of  Pershore,  and  to  the  abbot  and  monks  there, 
a  fair  on  the  feast  of  St.  Edburgh  and  two  days  following ; 
now  kept  June  26,  according  to  ancient  custom."  So 
says  Nash,  and  so  far  Mr.  Clutterbuck  was  correct  in 
quoting  the  historian  of  Worcestershire ;  but  the  penalty 
of  10£  on  anybody  who  should  intrude  on  '  their  games ' 
was  incorrectly  coupled  with  the  fair,  with  which  it 
had  nothing  to  do,  but  was  a  penalty  levied  on  any  one 
who  should  'intrude'  on  the  abbot  and  convent's  free 
warren  of  various  manors  named  in  the  charter,  and  take 
their '  game.' 

"  King  Edward  the  Second  recited  the  above  charter, 
and  conferred  a  further  patent,  which  was  rehearsed  and 
renewed  by  Henry  the  Fifth  and  Henry  the  Sixth ;  and 
under  that  charter  Pershore  fair  and  .all  its  concomitants 
continue  to  be  held. 

"  Meanwhile  let  us  see  what  legislation  has  been  doing 
during  the  five  or  six  centuries  that  the  Pershore  charter 
has  been  in  existence.  The  first  enactment  by  which 
alehouses  were  regulated  by  Act  of  Parliament  was  the 
llth  of  Henry  the  Seventh — an  Act  'against  vacabounds 
and  beggers,' which  empowered  two  justices  'to  rejecte 
and  put  awey  comen  ale  selling  in  townes  and  places 
where  they  shall  think  convenyent,  and  to  take  suertie 
of  the  keepers  of  alehouses  of  theyr  gode  behavyng.'  In 
1828,  the  9th  Geo.  IV.  c.  61,  a  general  Act  was  passed, 
which  repealed  all  former  statutes  on  the  subject,  and 
regulated  the  granting  of  alehouse  licenses.  The  1st 
Win,  IV.  c.  64,  withdrew  the  authority  of  granting  li- 
censes to  houses  for  the  sale  of  ale,  beer,  and  cider  only, 
from  the  local  magistrates,  in  whose  hands  it  had  been 
vested  for  three  centuries,  and  created  a  new  class  of  ale- 
house keepers,  distinct  from  those  licensed  by  magistrates, 
giving  to  the  former  facilities  for  obtaiaing  licenses  upon 
a  small  pecuniary  payment  only.  The  4th  and  5th  Wm. 
IV.  c.  85, -and  3- and "4  Vic.  c.  61,  amended  and  slightly 
modified  former  Acts ;  and  25  and  26  Vic.  c.  22,  which 


142 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3r<1  S.  IV.  AUG.  22,  '63. 


introduced  the  '  occasional  license '  system,  enacts  (clause 
12) :  '  So  much  of  any  Act  as  permits  the  sale  of  beer, 
spirits,  or  wine,  at  fairs  or  races,  without  an  Excise 
license,  shall  be  and  the  same  is  hereby  repealed.' 

"The  charter,  then,  by  which  Pershore  fair  and  its 
usual  accessories  are  still  held,  having  been  considered  as 
unaffected  by  any  statute  hitherto  passed,  it  only  remains 
to  connect  the  'bush -houses' with  the  other  privileges 
hitherto  enjoyed  under  that  charter.  This  brings  us  to 
the  origin  of  'bush-houses.'  The  very  use  of  a  bush  im- 
plies great  antiquity,  for  long  before  Henry  the  Seventh 
first  handled  alehouses  by  Act  of  Parliament,  the  bush 
was  hung  out  as  a  sign  that  something  good  was  to 
be  had  within.  It  is  a  question  still  whether  bushes 
preceded  signs  proper.  The  proverb  is  well-known, 
'  Good  wine  needs  no  bush ; '  that  is,  needs  nothing  to 
point  out  where  good  stuff  is  on  sale,  as  its  merits  soon 
becoming  known  in  the  vicinity,  would  be  sufficient  -to 
attract  customers  without  the  invitation  of  a  sign.  The 
following  passage  from  Good  Newes  and  Bad  Newes,  by 
S.  R.  (1622),  seems  to  prove  that  anciently  tavern  keepers 
had  both  a  sign  and  a  bush.  A  landlord  (a '  host,'  we 
ought  to  say)  was  speaking :  — 

'  I  rather  will  take  down  my  bush  and  sign 
Than  live  by  means  of  riotous  expense.' 

As  does  the  following,  that  anciently  putting  up  boughs 
upon  anything  was  an  indication  that  it  was  to  be  sold, 
•which  may  also  be  the  reason  why  au  old  besom  —  which 
is  a  sort  of  dried  bush  —  is  put  up  at  the  topmast  head  of 
a  ship  or  boat  when  she  is  to  be  sold.  Brand,  in  his  Po- 
pular Antiquities,  quotes  an  author,  who,  in  1598,  wrote 
'  Good  wyne  needes  no  ivie  bush.'  In  England's  Parnas- 
sus (1600)  the  first  line  of  the  address  to  the  reader  runs 
thus:  'I  hang  no  ivie  out  to  sell  my  wine.'  And  in 
Braithwaite's  Strappado  for  the  Divell  (1615),  p.  1,  there 
is  a  dedication  to  Bacchus,  '  sole  soveraigne  of  the  ivy 
bush.'  In  Dekker's  Wonderful  Yeare  (1603)  we  read: 
'  Spied  a  bush  at  the  encle  of  a  pole,  the  aunciente  badge 
of  a  countrey  alehouse.'  At  Pershore,  instances  have 
been  known  of  a  bough  being  suspended  from  a  pole, 
but  this  does  not  appear  to  have  formed  part  of  the  cus- 
tom proper.  In  Vaughan's  Golden  Grove  (1608)  is  the 
following  passage :  '  Like  as  an  ivy  bush,  put  forth  at  a 
vintrie,  is  not  the  cause  of  the  wine,  but  a  signe  that 
wine  is  to  be  sold  there :  so  likewise  if  we  see  smoke  ap- 
pearing in  a  chimney  we  know  that  fyre  is  there,  albeit 
ye  smoke  is  not  ye  cause  of  ye  fyre.'  The  following  is 
from  Harris's  Drunkard's  Cup,  p.  299 :  '  Nay,  if  the  house 
be  not  worth  an  ivy-bush,  let  him  have  his  tooles  about 
hym ;  nutmegs,  rosemary,  tobacco,  with  other  the  appur- 
tenances, and  he  knowes  how  of  puddle  ale  to  make  a  cup 
of  English  wine.'  Coles,  in  his  Introduction  to  the  Know- 
ledge of  Plants,  p.  65,  says :  '  Box  and  ivy  last  long  green, 
and  therefore  vintners  make  their  garlands  thereof; 
though  perhaps  ivy  is  the  rather  used  because  of  the  anti- 
pathy between  it  and  wine.'  The  Pershore  people  gene- 
rally use  oak  and  elm  boughs,  though  a  cabbage  has  been 
known  to  be  substituted.  In  a  curious  poem  entitled 
Poor  Robin's  Perambulation  from  Saffron  Walden  to  Lon- 
don, July,  1678,  at  p.  16,  we  read :  — 

'  Some  alehouses  upon  the  road  I  saw, 

And  some  with  bushes,  showing  they  wine  did  draw.' 
A  note  in  the  Lansd.  MS.  226,  f.  171,  upon  the  Tavern 
Bush,  by  Bishop  Kennett,  says:  'The  dressing  the  frame 
or  bush  with  ivy  leaves  fresh  from  the  plant  was  the  cus- 
tom forty  years  since,  now  generally  left  off  for  carved 
work.'  In  Scotland  a  wisp  of  straw  upon  a  pole  was  for- 
merly the  indication  of  an  alehouse ;  and  in  old  times  such 
as  sold  horses  were  wont  to  put  flowers  or  boughs  upon 
their  heads, '  to  reveale  that  they  were  vendible.' 


"Here,  then,  we  have  the  bush  in  connection  with  wine 
vending  carried  back  to  a  remote  antiquity ;  and  through 
that  period,  as  well  as  the  succeeding  one,  when  ale 
became  the  more  popular  liquor,  the  bush  seems  to  have 
been  used  at  Pershore  in  an  unbroken  succession.  It  is 
to  be  noted  that  the  use  of  the  '  bush '  at  Pershore  has  not 
been  attempted  on  other  occasions  than  fairs,  but  con- 
fined to  them  —  a  confirmation  of  the  popular  tradition 
that  the  two  privileges  (the  holding  of  fairs  and  selling 
by  the  bush)  had  in  some  way  a  common  origin,  and  de- 
scended to  them  together,  as  a  twin  legacy,  from  remote 
antiquity.  Besides  which,  although  Pershore  fair  has 
faded  away  to  two  days,  the  custom  is  never  to  remove  the 
bushes  till  the  end  of  the  third  day;  thus  further  identi- 
fying it  with  the  ancient  three  days' fair.  And  up  to  the 
present  time  the  bush-house  keepers  claim  to  sell  for 
three  whole  days.  A  similar  custom,  the  writer  was  told, 
prevailed  at  Gloucester,  where  it  was  confined  to  a  particu- 
lar street,  and  was  for  the  fair  and  three  successive  Mon- 
days. N. 

"N.B. — The  Bush  Inn,  Worcester,  is  one  of  the  earliest 
inns  mentioned  in  the  Corporation  archives  nearly  as  fat- 
back  as  the  Reformation,  and  may  have  existed  much 
earlier." 

CUTHBERT  BEDE. 


STRANGE  DERIVATIONS. 

Perhaps  the  monkish  derivation  of  the  Isle  of 
Ely  is  no  bad  instance  of  how  philology  has  been 
pressed  into  the  service  of  credulity.  The  story 
is  told  in  an  old  treatise  on  "  Marriage,"  Anon., 
where  the  author,  speaking  of  the  celibacy  of  the 
clergy,  and  the  efforts  of  St.  Dunstan  to  render  it 
compulsory,  writes  thus  :  — 

"  But  when  St.  Dunstan  had  got  King  Edgar  on  his 
side  to  favour  the  monks,  then  he  pressed  the  married 
clergy  to  leave  their  wives,  which  they  refusing,  were 
deprived,  and  the  monks  put  in  their  benefices ;  who  in- 
vented this  story,  viz.,  that  those  married  Persons  who 
disobeyed  St.  Dunstan's  order  were,  with  their  wives  and 
children,  transformed  into  Eels,  from  whence  the  Isle  of 
Ely  took  its  name,  and  this  I  take  to  be  as  credible  a  me- 
tamorphosis as  any  in  Ovid." 

There  is  an  astounding  derivation  of  the  Ludi 
Circenses  given  in  a  work  entitled  The  Romane 
Antiquities  Expounded  in  English,  London,  1628  : 

"  Lastly,  these  Cirque  shews  had  their  appellation  of 
Circenses,  either  from  the  Great  Cirque  or  shew-place 
called  Circus  Maxim  us,  where  the  games  were  exhibited; 
or  from  the  Swords  wherewith  the  platers  were  environed, 
as  one  would  say  Circa  Enses  !  " 

These  Circuses  Kennett,  in  his  Roma;  Antiques 
Notitia,  London,  1704,  always  styles  "Circos." 
The  same  work,  which  gives  the  "  Circa  Enses," 
deduces  Ferise  from/<?n>e, — "  because,"  as  it  goes 
on  to  say,  "  they  did  upon  such  dales  Ferire  vic- 
timas,  id  est,  offer  up  sacrifice."  The  difference 
in  quantity  between  the  antepenult  of  feria  and 
ferio  would  make  against  this ;  and  the  word 
seems  to  be  better  traced  to  the  same  root  &sfes- 
tus.  At  p.  81  the  twofold  derivation  of  funus  is 
mentioned,  with  a  leaning  towards  funis :  — 

'  Now  these  Funerals  sometimes  were  commonly  to- 
wards night,  insomuch  that  they  used  torches:  these 


S.  IV.  AUG.  22,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


143 


torches  they  properly  called  '  Funnlia,  a  funibus  cero 
circumdatis,  wide  et  Funits  dicitur.'  Others  are  of  opinion 
that  Funus  is  so  said  from  the  Greeke  word  <f>oVoy,  signi- 
fying death  or  slaughter." 

Wheatly,  Common  Prayer,  p.  474,  ed.  Bohn, 
has  the  following  on  the  use  of  torches  at  fune- 
rals :  — 

"  The  primitive  Christians,  indeed,  by  reason  of  their 
persecutions,  were  obliged  to  bury  their  dead  in  the 
night;  but  when  afterwards  they  were  delivered  from 
these  apprehensions,  they  voluntarily  retained  their  old 
custom,  only  making  use  of  lighted  torches,  which  we  still 
continue,  as  well,  I  suppose,  for  convenience,  as  to  express 
their  hope  of  the  departed's  being  gone  into  the  regions 
of  light." 

Thomas  Godwyn,  in  his  book,  Moses  and  Aaron, 
London,  "  Printed  by  John  Haviland,  and  are  to 
be  sold  by  Philemon  Stephens  &  Christopher 
Meredith  at  their  shop  at  the  Signe  of  the  Golden 
Lion  in  Paul's  Churchyard,"  1628,  derives  0epa- 
irtvfiv,  ingeniously  enough,  from  the  Hebrew 
Taraph,  or  Tharaph,  the  root  of  Teraphim,  which 
root,  Ppn  he  says,  "  signifieth  in  general  the 
complete  image  of  a  man;"  and  so,  more  par- 
ticularly taken,  an  idol,  answering  to  the  Penates 
or  Lares  of  the  Romans.  He  gives  a  curious  ac- 
count of  the  mode  in  which  the  Rabbis  say  these 
images  were  made :  — 

"  They  killed  a  man  that  was  a  first  borne  sonne,  and 
wrung  off  his  head,  and  seasoned  it  with  salt  and  spices, 
and  wrote  upon  a  plate  of  gold  the  name  of  an  uncleane 
spirit,  and  put  it  under  the  head  upon  a  wall,  and  lighted 
candles  before  it  and  worshipped  it." 

Liddell  and  Scott  make  &epcnreiW  to  be  akin  to 
6epu,  Od\ir(a,  answering  to  I^nt.faveo,  foveo.  God- 
wyn also  gives  two  derivations  of  the  name  Her- 
cules ;  the  one  "  from  the  Hebrew  ^>3  TNflj  heir- 
col,  illuminavit  omnia,"  and  the  other  from  the 
Greek :  "  Heracles,  quid  aliud  est  quam  ^pas 
K\EOJ,  i.  e.  seris  gloria :  quae  porro  alia  est  aeris 
nisi  solis  illuminatio?"  Lidd.  and  Scott,  how- 
ever, derive  it  from"Hpa  quasi  fyus,  German,  Herr 
(Ang.  Sir),  in  its  earliest  usage,  and  KAeV,  K\(OS. 
They  compare  also  the  Latin  Herus.  Donaldson, 
New  Cratylus,  section  329,  connects  it  with  *Hpa 
as  well  as  fywy.  "  "Hfrj,"  he  says,  "  appears  as  the 
wife  of  'HpoicXTjy,  and  the  daughter  of  "Hpa."  In 
the  next  section  he  compares  Kvptos  with  the  Ger- 
man Herr  and  Latin  herus;  and  conceives  that 
ftpus  and  Kvptos  may  have  a  cognate  origin.  "Epp"os, 
he  says,  was  another  name  for  Zefo,  "  and  as  the 

old  Greek  Gods  went  in  pairs, we  may  well 

suppose  that  this  is  but  another  way  of  writing 
the  masculine  of'Hpo.  W.  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 


MARWOOD  FAMILY. 

In  the  course  of  some  attempts  to  connect  the 
different  branches  of  Marwood,  I  have  looked  into 
Ord's  Hist,  of  Cleveland,  and  found  two  or  three 
omissions  as  well  as  inaccuracies  in  the  otherwise 
complete  and  careful  pedigree  of  the  Marwoods 


of  Little  Busby.     Mr.  Ord  assigns  two  wives  only 
to  Sir  Henry  Marwood,  second  bart. :  — 

"  Margaret,  daughter  of  Conyers,  Lord  Darcy  and  Con- 
yers,  buried  at  Stokesly,  June  18,  1660."  (1st  wife.) 

"  Dorothy,  daughter  of  Sir  Allen  Bellingham,  of  Le- 
vens.  in  co.  Westmoreland,  married  at  Heversham,  July 
6,1663."  (2nd  wife.) 

I  find  that  "  Henry  Marwood,  esqr.  and  Mris. 
Margarett  D'arcy,"  were  married  at  Hornby,  co. 
York,  May  19,  1658.  (Nichols's  Topog.  and  Ge- 
nealogist.) 

The  above-named  Dorothy  was  second  daugh- 
ter of  (not  Sir  Allen  Bellingham,  but  of)  Alan 
Bellingham,  Esq.  Alan  nppenrs  to  be  the  correct 
spelling,  as  it  was  in  allusion  to  the  first  purchaser 
of  Levins  that  the  rhyme,  occurring  in  painted 
glass  at  the  hall,  was  made :  — 

"  Amicus  Amico  Alanus 
Belliger  Belligero  Bellinghamus." 

[Nicolson  and  Burn,  Hist,  of  West- 
moreland and  Cumberland. 

Henry  Marwood  married,  3rdly  (before  1679), 
Martha,  second  daughter  of  Sir  Thomns  Went- 
worth  of  Empsall,  in  Yorkshire,  Knt.  (Wotton's 
Baronetage.  Guillim,  5th  edit.  "  Atchievements 
of  Esquires.")  She  was  buried  at  Kensington,  as 
shown  by  the  register  :  — 

"  The  Lady  Marwood,  from  St.  Ann's,  Westminster, 
buried  Sep.  28,  1704." — Lysons's  Environs  of  London. 

Mr.  Ord  says  of  Sir  Samuel  Marwood,  third 
bart.  that  he  "married  .     .     .  daughter  of 
Peirson,  of  Stokesly  (married  in  or  about  May, 
1735)."     I  find  in  Gent.  Mag.  the  following  :  — 

"1735,  May  8.  Sir  James  [by  mistake  for  Samuel] 
Marwood  of  Bushy  Hall  [  ?],  Hertfordshire,  Bart.  .  .  to 
Miss  Nancy  Piersbn  of  Stokesly,  a  10,000/.  fortune." 

The  date  of  the  decease  and  the  burial  place  of 
Sir  William  Marwood,  fourth  and  last  baronet, 
are  not  given  by  Mr.  Ord.  The  Gent.  Mag.  an- 
nounces the  death  "  Feb.  23,  1740,  near  Leicester 
Fields."  Sir  Win.  was  buried  at  Paddington,  as 
by  the  register  — 

"  Sir  William  Marwood,  Bart.,  buried  Feb.  29,  1740 ; 
Margaret  Lady  Marwood,  Aug.  16,  1740." 

In  Paddington  church,  pulled  down  1791,  there 
was  a  monument  to  Sir  W.  Marwood.  (Lysons's 
Environs  of  London.) 

My  interest  in  the  Marwoods,  however,  is  di- 
rected more  particularly  to  the  Honiton  family; 
and  I  shall  be  glad  indeed  if  any  of  your  readers 
can  assist  me  with  any  information  that  will  con- 
nect Dr.  Thomas  Marwood,  physician  to  Queen 
Elizabeth,  with  the  main  line  of  Westcote,  from 
which  it  seems  probable  that  he  was  descended. 
The  Marwoods  of  Westcote  had  some  local  con- 
nection with  the  town,  for  the  widow  of  John 
Marwood  (daughter  and  heir  of  John  Holbeam) 
married,  2ndly,  Robert  Pollard,  of  Honiton.  The 


144 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"1  g.  iv.  AUG.  22,  '63. 


Harl.  MSS.  state  also  that  Joane  Marwood 
(daughter  of  Wm.  Marwood  by  his  second  wife, 
Agnes,  daughter  and  heir  of  Wm.  Squire),  married 
Kobt.  Pollard,  whose  son,  Sir  Lewis,  was  father 
of  Sir  Hugh  Pollard,  who  was  connected  with 
Honiton,  and  suffered  during  the  Commonwealth. 

JOHN  A.  C.  VINCENT. 
90,  Great  Russell  Street. 


EARLDOM  OF  CARRIC:  SIR  JOHN  MENNIS: 
ENDYMION  PORTER. 

In  the  Observations  on  the  Ancient  Earldom  of 
Carrie,  a  few  copies  of  which  were  printed  a  few 
years  ago  by  me,  after  referring  to  the  more  re- 
cent creation  of  John  Stewart,  second  son  of  the 
Earl  of  Orkney,  by  patejit  from  Charles  I.,  misled 
by  the  last  edition  of  Douglas,  I  adopted  the  state- 
ment without  proper  investigation,  that  the  Lady 
Margaret  Stewart,  the  only  child  of  the  Earl, 
married  Sir  John  Mennis,  and  that  by  an  only 
daughter  the  Carrie  representation  had  devolved 
upon  the  Lords  Willoughby  de  Broke. 

This  assumption  turns  out  to  be  erroneous ; 
for  although  a  Mennis  married  the  Lady  Margaret, 
it  was  not  Sir  John,  but  his  elder  brother  Sir 
Mathew,  Knight  of  the  Bath.  Their  only  child 
was  a  female,  who  was  twice  a  wife ;  and  having 
had  no  surviving  issue  of  the  first  marriage,  her 
only  daughter  by  the  second  one  carried  the  re- 
presentation into  the  family  of  Heath,  and  from 
them  it  was  transferred  to  the  Willoughbies  de 
Brokes. 

By  family  papers  it  now  is  proved  that  the  Earl 
covenanted  to  give  a  goodly  "  tocher,"  as  it  is 
called  in  Scotland,  on  occasion  of  the  nuptials,  not, 
however,  to  be  payable  until  his  demise.  When 
that  event  occurred,  it  turned  out  that  during  his 
lifetime  he  had  given  his  heritable  property  in 
Orkney  to  his  natural  son,  to  whom  also  at  his 
demise  he  devised  all  his  moveable  effects ;  so 
that  Sir  Mathew  took  nothing  by  the  contract  but 
the  luxury  of  a  law-suit,  if  he  chose  to  indulge  in 
one.  Lady  Margaret  died  before  her  husband, 
leaving  an  only  child,  a  daughter,  as  just  men- 
tioned; but  the  earldom  was  destined  to  heirs 
"  gotten  of  his  body,"  so  that  it  became  extinct. 
Kinclevin,  a  barony  created  by  charter,  would,  if 
it  had  been  looked  into  at  the  time,  have  gone  to 
his  granddaughter ;  but  the  young  lady  was  a 
minor  at  the  time,  and  her  father,  Sir  Mathew, 
died  before  she  came  of  age ;  indeed,  she  was, 
upon  attaining  her  majority,  not  likely  to  derive 
any  benefit  from  her  several  claims.  She  and  her 
husband  did  not  perhaps  fancy  there  was  much 
to  be  got  in  that  country,  or  her  English  legal 
advisers  might  have  imagined  that  the  inferior 
title  had  merged  or  been  absorbed  in  the  higher 
one,  according  to  a  notion  then  existing,  but  ex- 
ploded in  the  next  century  in  the  Fitz-Walter 


case,  after  taking  the  opinion  of  the  twelve  judges. 
(See  Collins,  268.)  It  is,  moreover,  not  unlikely 
that  the  Mennis  family  was  ignorant  of  the  ori- 
ginal constitution  of  the  barony  of  Kinclevin,  and 
gave  themselves  no  trouble  about  what  was,  after 
all,  a  landless  peerage,  of  no  great  moment  to  an 
Englishman,  and  one  to  be  litigated  about  at  a 
time  when  civil  war  was  raging  over  the  whole 
face  of  the  country. 

The  Willoughby  de  Brokes  last  century  made 
some  inquiry  about  the  earldom ;  at  least  a  notice 
to  that  effect  occurs  in  a  Scotch  newspaper ;  but 
if  the  English  professional  adviser  sent  down  on 
the  errand  knew  as  little  about  Scotch  law  as 
usually  happens,  his  discovery  of  a  remainder  to 
heirs  "  male  gotten "  of  the  earl's  body  would 
easily  induce  him  to  think  that  there  was  no  occa- 
sion for  further  inquiry. 

Sir  Mathew  Mennis  was,  as  his  will  indicates, 
a  man  of  considerable  wealth.  Besides  providing 
handsomely  both  in  lands  and  money  for  his 
daughter,  he  devised  valuable  estates  to  his 
brother  Sir  John,  whose  satirical  powers,  as 
evinced  in  his  poetical  lucubrations,  are  only  in- 
ferior —  if  they  are  at  all  inferior  —  to  those  of 
Butler. 

There  is  one  part  of  Sir  Mathew's  will  in  rela- 
tion to  Endymion  Porter  which  we  have  thought 
worthy  of  transcribing,  and  it  is  not  unlikely  that 
some  of  your  readers  may  be  able  to  throw  light 
upon  it :  — 

"  And  as  touchinge  the  great  plott  and  Conspiracy 
against  me  by  Indimion  Porter  and  his  agents,  wherein 
I  suffered  in  my  estate  seventeen  thousand  pounds,  at 
least  as  appears  in  the  Petition  exhibited  in  the  Com- 
mons house,  I  so  desire  that  such  reparation  may  bee  en- 
deavoured to  be  had  as  shall  bee  just,  and  myself  restored, 
from  the  scandall  so  unjustly  thrown  upon  me." 

What  was  the  conspiracy,  and  in  what  way 
could  Sir  Mathew  have  been  mulcted  in  so  large 
a  sum  as  17,000/.  ?  The  will  bears  date  May  7th, 
1648,  and  upon  June  2  of  the  following  year 
letters  of  administration  were  taken  out  by  Ed- 
ward Leventhorpe,  Esq.,  one  of  the  executors. 
The  other  three  were  Sir  Thomas  Peyton,  Knight 
and  Baronet ;  Sir  John  Mennis,  and  Edward 
Boyse,  Senior,  Esq.  It  is  very  probable  that  the 
Mennis  family  was  Scotish,  and  that  it  was  ori- 
ginally spelt  Menzies.  J.  M. 


LORD  LOUGHBOROUGH  :  EARL  OF  ROSSLYN. — • 
The  following  interesting  statement  is  given  in 
Kay's  Edinburgh  Portraits,  vol.  i.  p.  381.  It  is 
not  noticed  by  Lord  Campbell  in  his  Life  of  this 
Chancellor :  — 

"  During  the  brief  interval  allowed  to  him  between  the 
theatre  of  public  business  and  the  grave,  he  paid  a  visit  to 
Edinburgh,  from  which  he  had  been  habitually  absent  for 


3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  22,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


145 


nearlyfiftyyears.  With  a  feeling,  quite  natural  perhaps,  but 
yet  hardly  to  be  expected  in  one  who  had  passed  through 
so  many  of  the  more  elevated  of  the  artificial  scenes  of 
life,  he  caused  himself  to  be  carried  in  a  chair  to  an  ob- 
scure part  of  the  Old  Town,  where  he  had  resided  during 
the  most  of  his  early  years.  He  expressed  a  particular 
anxiety  to  know  if  a  set  of  holes  in  the  paved  court  be- 
fore his  father's  house,  which  he  had  used  for  some  youth- 
ful sport,  continued  in  existence;  and  on  finding  them 
still  there,  it  is  said  that  the  aged  statesman  was  moved 
almost  to  tears." 

From  what  is  said  in  a  foot-note  in  the  same 
publication,  it  might  be  inferred  that  the  house 
here  mentioned  does  not  now  exist,  but  that  is  a 
mistake.  The  house  and  the  paved  court  before 
it  yet  remain,  and  are  situated  in  what  is  called 
the  Mint  Close,  one  of  the  narrow  lanes  which 
run  from  the  High  Street  to  the  'Cowgate ;  but 
there  is  now  no  vestige  of  the  holes  in  the  pave- 
ment. 

In  the  same  article  it  is  said,  that  Lord  Lough- 
borough  was  born  at  Chesterhall,  in  East  Lothian  ; 
and  that  statement  was  made  also  in  the  first 
edition  of  Lord  Campbell's  work,  but  his  Lord- 
ship corrected  it  in  the  second  edition,  vol.  vi.  p.  3, 
there  having  been  sent  to  him  an  extract  from 
the  parish  register  of  Edinburgh,  which  proves 
that  the  birth  took  place  in  that  city  on  February 
13,  1733.  The  note  which  contains  the  correc- 
tion adds : — 

"  All  the  Scotsmen  who  have  ever  held  the  Great  Seal 
of  England,  were  natives  of  Edinburgh — Loughborough, 
Erskine,  Brougham." 

Lord  Campbell  himself  subsequently  became 
an  exception.  G. 

Edinburgh. 

CYCLONES  AT  THE  SEYCHELLES. — Admiral  Fitz- 
roy,  in  his  Weather-Book  (p.  128),  states  that, 
"  at  the  Seychelle  Islands,  north  of  Madagascar, 
storms  are  unknown."  This  is  not  quite  correct : 
for  Piddington,  in  his  Sailors  Horn-book  for  the 
Law  of  Storms  (3rd  edition,  London,  I860,  p.  49), 
relates  that  — 

"  in  September,  1851,  the  '  Seringapatam,'  Captain  Fur- 
nell,  experienced  a  severe  cyclone  there,  which  was  ap- 
parently travelling  to  the  W.  b.  S.,  or  W.S.W.  Captain 
F.,  warned  by  his  barometer  and  the  sea,  very  properly 
hove  to  in  7°  S.,  long.  58°  east,  till  the  centre  had  passed 
him ;  his  barometer  falling  from  30'50  to  29'50.  Hence, 
ships  should  be  on  their  guard  even  in  this  low  latitude." 

Since  the  publication  of  the  Weather-Book, 
another  cyclone  has  been  recorded  in  the  same 
locality  by  Mr.  R.  P.  Brunton  (Proceedings  of  the 
British  Meteorological  Society,  March  1863,  p. 
330).  This  was  on  the  llth  and  12th  of  October, 
1862  ;  and  Mr.  Brunton  who,  like  Admiral  Fitz- 
roy,  appears  to  have  overlooked  the  case  recorded 
by  Piddington,  says  that  — 

"  This  hurricane,  the  only  one  on  record  as  having  done 
so,  passed  directly  over  Mane;  it  was  accompanied  by 
incessant  and  heavy  rain,  but  with  no  thunder  or  light- 


ning. It  was  probably  a  cyclone  of  no  very  great  dia- 
meter, as  the  'Kepaul'  steampacket  experienced  it  at 
thirty  miles  distance  from  the  island." 

Here  then,  we  have  additional  proof  that  Pid- 
dington's  warning  should  not  be  unheeded.  Q. 

LISTON,  THE  ACTOR. — Amongst  some  old  family 
papers  I  lately  found  a  letter,  or  copy  of  a  letter, 
of  which  I  subjoin  a  transcript.  It  is  addressed 
to  Listen,  and  is  made  up  of  the  names  of  plays 
which  were  popular  in  the  last  century.  I  shall 
be  glad  if  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q. "  can  tell  me 
the  name  of  the  writer,  and  whether  the  letter  has 
ever  been  published :  — 

"  Friend  Listen,  Setter  late  than  never.  You  are  All  in 
the  wrong  to  make  yourself  such  a  Busybody  about  acting ; 
but  Every  Man  in  his  humour.  I'll  tell  you  what,  he 
would  if  he  could  be  a  Critic,  a  very  Peeping  Tom ;  such 
things  are  the  rage.  Alt's  well  that  ends  well.  I  scorn  to 
play  the  Hypocrite,  and  wish  we  were  Next  door  Neigh- 
bours, then  we  could  have  the  School  for  Scandal,  a  Quar- 
ter of  an  Hour  before  Dinner,  or  Half  an  Hour  after 
Supper ;  talk  of  Ways  and  Means,  the  Wheel  of  Fortune, 
the  Follies  of  a  Day,  Humours  of  an  JHection,  and  make 
quite  a  Family  Party,  be  all  in  Good  Humour,  and  never 
have  the  Slue  Devils ;  but  may  you  and  your  lady  always 
prove  the  Constant  Couple.  Pray  how  is  Miss  in  her 
Teens  ?  By-and-by  she  will  be  sighing  Heighofor  a  Hus- 
land.  I  hope  he  will  not  prove  a  Deaf  Lover,  but  may 
they  possess  Love  for  Love.  You  are  a  Married  Man,  and 
know  how  to  Rule  a  Wife,  and  Mrs.  L.  I  have  no  doubt 
understands  The  Way  to  keep  him ;  may  she  prove  a  Grand- 
mother, and  be  happy  in  her  Son-in-Law.  Now  as  to 
this  letter,  What  d't/k  call  it  ?  Believe  me,  in  this  Romance 
of  an  Hour  I  do  not  mean  Cross  Purposes,  but  rather 
hope  it  will  be  the  Agreeable  Surprise.  You  may  wonder, 
but  the  author  is  the  Child  of  Nature,  whose  whole  life 
has  been  a  Chapter  of  Accidents  and  Much  Ado  about 
Nothing,  who  endeavours  to  keep  up  his  vivacity  Abroad 
and  at  Home,  has  Two  Strings  to  his  Sow,  and  is  no  Liar 
when  he  says  he  is  Yours  truly,  F.  L. 

"Aug.  8th,  1802.     Sunday,  Sevenoaks,  Kent." 

EDWARD  J.  WOOD. 

ANCIENT  CEREAL  PRODUCTIVENESS. — Diodorus 
relates  that  the  millet  in  the  Mesopotamian  plains 
attained  the  height  of  twelve  feet,  with  propor- 
tional weight  of  grain ;  and  we  read  in  Pliny 
(Nat.  Hist.  1.  xviii.  c.  10),  that  the  Procurator  of 
Byzacium  (now  Tunis)  sent  to  Augustus  a  fasci- 
culus of  400  stalks,  the  produce  of  a  single  grain. 
Subsequently  a  similar  sample  was  presented  to 
Nero  of  360  stalks,  with  proportional  weight  of 
corn.  Thus  were  the  granaries  filled  by  the  em- 
perors for  the  turbulent  populace  of  Rome,  with 
the  produce  of  the  Asian  and  African  plains,  now 
utterly  barren  and  waste  from  want  of  tilth  and 
irrigation.  "  Vix  credibile  dictu,"  Pliny  adds,  and 
we  may  well  share  his  astonishment,  when  he  re- 
lates the  ridiculously  inexpert  method  of  cultiva- 
tion ;  the  plough  being  drawn  by  a  donkey  and  an 
old  woman  —  "  vili  asino  et  anu  "  (1.  xvii.  c.  5). 

I  believe  this  extraordinary  productiveness  was 
in  chief  part  due  to  careful  manual  tilth,  and 
dibbling  grain  by  grain  at  due  intervals ;  and  if 


146 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3<-<i  s.  IV.  AUG.  22,  !63. 


this  system  was  systematically  tried  —  say  with 
•wheat  —  for  a  few  years,  we  should  increase,  not 
only  the  weight  of  the  produce,  but  also  enlarge 
the  size,  and  improve  the  quality  of  the  grain. 
The  subject  is  curious  and  interesting,  especially 
at  this  season  of  a  smiling  harvest  following  three 
unpropitious  years.  J.  L. 

Dublin. 

COATBBIDGE  :  STRANGE  ^PRODUCTION  FROM  A 

BLAST  FURNACE.  —  I  send  the  following  Note  cut 
from  the  Glasgow  Herald,  July  28,  1863,  in  the 
hope  of  eliciting  an  explanation  of  the  phenome- 
non :  — 

"Yesterday  afternoon,  while  the  workmen  at  one  of  the 
blast  furnaces,  Dundyvan  Iron  Works,  were  busy  work- 
ing it  with  the  bars,  the  blast  broke  out  by  the  back  '  ty- 
weere,'  when  it  belched  forth  a  quantity  of  red-hot  ashes 
and  scoria,  followed  by  another  product  of  rather  a  pecu- 
liar appearance,  in  the  shape  of  a  shower  of  white  flake?, 
like  cotton,  which  continued  for  several  minutes,  until  not 
only  the  ground  around  the  furnace  was  covered,  but  also 
the  workmen,  who,  while  stopping  up  the  orifice,  ap- 
peared to  have  been  engaged  in  a  cotton  factory  or  ex- 
posed to  a  snow-storm.  The  seeming  flakes  of  cotton 
were  wafted  about  by  the  wind,  but  a  few  handfulls  were 
collected  for  curiosity.  It  has  the  appearance,  and  to  the 
touch  feels,  like  very  fine  wool,  mixed  with  hair,  and  is 
inflammable.  What  it  is,  or  how  it  was  manufactured  in 
the  interior  of  a  red-hot  furnace,  is  a  query  that  we  can- 
not solve  ;  but  we  understand  that  something  of  a  similar 
production  was  seen  at  one  or  other  of  the  iron  works  some 
years  ago.  We  herewith  send  you  a  specimen  of  this 
wonderful  cotton  or  product  of  the  refuse  of  iron,  for  the 
curiosity  of  the  thing." 

J.  I).  CAMPBELL. 

JOHN  LOCKE  :  FATHER  OF  THE  PHILOSOPHER.  — 
In  "  N.  &  Q."  (1st  S.  iii.  337),  MR.  THOMAS  KERS- 
LAKE  gave  a  full  and  interesting  abstract  of  a 
Common-place  Book  of  John  Locke,  an  attorney, 
living  at  Publow,  and  father  of  the  illustrious 
metaphysician  of  the  same  name.  We  collect 
from  this  abstract  that  the  writer  was  living  Dec. 
24,  1655.  Yet,  in  two  subsequent  communica- 
tions to  your  columns  ("  N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  xi.  327  ; 
2nd  S.  v.  177),  the  philosopher's  father  is  stated 
to  have  fallen  at  the  siege  of  Bristol,  1645. 

Lord  King,  in  his  Life  of  Locke  (ed.  1858,  p.  2), 

fives  a  letter  from  the  philosopher  to  his  father. 
t  is  without  date  ;    "  but,"  says  his   Lordship, 
"must  have  been  written  before  1660."     This 
shows  that  Lord  King  had  no  idea  of  the  father 
having  been  killed  in  1645. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 
Cambridge. 


AEROSTATION.  —  I  had  always  thought  that  bal- 
looning was  a  modern  invention.  I  was  much 
surprised  in  ransacking  some  historical  letters  to 
discover  one,  dated  September  27,  1607,  contain- 
ing the  following  passage  :  — 

"  The  greatest  newes  of  this  countrie  is  of  an  ingenious 
fellow,  that  in  Barkeshire  sailed  or  went  over  a  high 


steeple  in  a  boat,  all  his  owne  making;  and,  without 
other  help  then  himself  in  her,  conveyed  her  above  twenty 
miles  by  land  over  hills  and  dales  to  the  river,  and  so 
downe  to  London." 

I  should  very  much  like  to  ascertain  if  there  be 
any  other  record  of  this  curious  invention  and 
the  propelling  power.  O.  O. 

JOSEPH  ADDISON  AND  THE  "  SPECTATOR."  —  I 
possess  a  note  book  which  contains  a  number  of 
Addison's  contributions  to  the  Spectator,  in  his 
handwriting.  Originally  the  book  has  been  writ- 
ten on  only  the  right  hand  page,  in  a  very 
plain  but  almost  print-like  hand ;  and  afterwards 
amended  and  added  to,  on  the  blank  pages,  in 
the  author's  ordinary  handwriting.  Even  in  the 
amended  stated  the  text  differs  considerably  from 
the  printed  Spectator.  My  theory  is  that  the 
Essays  were  written  for  College  exercises,  or  the 
like,  at  least  to  be  read  to  an  audience  (this  I 
draw  from  the  very  distinct  characters  which  are 
as  easily  read  as  type) ;  and  that  they  were  after- 
wards expanded  by  Addison,  and  touched  up  for 
his  darling  paper.  As  I  purpose  printing  the 
interesting  fragment,  I  shall  feel  exceedingly  ob- 
liged to  any  correspondent  of  yours  for  any  in- 
formation or  suggestions  which  may  help  me  in 
the  editing.  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

50,  Buccleuch  Street,  Glasgow. 

GEORGE  BELLAS.  —  In  the  manuscript  key  to 
Beloe's  Sexagenarian,  printed  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  2nd 
S.  ix.  300,  "George  Bellas"  is  mentioned.  Who 
was  he,  and  was  his  name  correctly  spelled  ?  It 
is  one  I  have  long  been  in  search  of,  in  connection 
with  a  supposed  extinct  branch  of  a  family  spel- 
ling their  name  slightly  different  D.  C. 

BURNETT  FAMILY. — Wanted  to  trace,  for  genea- 
logical purposes,  some  of  the  family  of  Burnett, 
collaterally  descended  from  Bishop  Burnet.  How 
the  Burnetts,  formerly  of  Horsleydown,  Lambeth, 
and  Rotherhithe,  were  descended  from  the  bishop  ? 
Also,  what  became  of  those  Burnets  who  lived  at 
Norwich  about  1607,  and  later  ?  There  was  one 
Duncan,  a  doctor  at  Norwich,  who  had  several 
brothers.  Who  were  they,  and  what  became  of 
them  ?  There  was  also  a  family  of  Burnett  who 
lived  at  Chigwell,  in  Essex.  Can  any  one  tell 
who  they  were?  Who  were  the  Burnets  who 
lived  at  Rotherhithe  1760-70,  and  before '?  There 
were  some  Burnets  of  Horsleydown,  1725.  Who 
were  they  ?  Who  was  Rich.  Bristowe  Burnet,  of 
Exeter  Street,  Strand,  died  Feb.  1795  ?  Who 
was  Noel  Burnett,  Spanish  merchant,  1736;  died 
in  Gracechurch  Street  ?  Who  was  Thos.  Burnett, 
stockbroker;  died  1768  ?  Who  is  St.  Col  Bur- 
nett, and  where  does  he  descend  from  ?  There 
were  some  Burnetts  buried  at  Croydon,  1760 — 
1718  ;  also  an  Alex.  Burnett,  buried  at  Newington 
Church,  1768,  and  a  John  Burnet,  buried  atFulham 


S">  S.  IV.  AUG.  22,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


147 


1689.  If  any  reader  can  throw  any  light  on  any 
of  these  personages,  the  compiler  of  the  Burnett 
genealogical  tree  will  feel  much  obliged. 

II.  A.  B. 

COL.  COLLET.  —  Can  you  give  me  any  particu- 
lars of  the  Col.  Collet  mentioned  in  the  second 
extract  from  "  Papers  relating  to  Col.  Lambert," 
furnished  by  PROFESSOR  DE  MORGAN  ("  N.  &  Q." 
3rd  S.  iv.  89),  as  having  been,  with  John  Lambert, 
Esq.,  and  others,  "  sent  for  back  again  to  the 
Tower,  so  that  they  might  attend  the  House  when 
called  for "  ?  What  were  his  arms  ?  and  from 
whom  was  he  descended  ?  and  what  share  did  he 
take  in  the  civil  war  ?  ST.  Liz. 

EPISTLE  TO  A  YOUNG  LADY  :    J II , 

1757.  —  I  should  like  to  know  who  was  the  author 
of  the  following  lines,  and  to  what  lady  they  were 

addressed.    Does  "  J H "  mean  Augustus 

John  Hervey,  Earl  of  Bristol  ?  — 

"  To  Chloe,  at  her  lodge  so  sweet  in 

His  Lordship's  park,  J H greeting. 

Whereas  on  the  16th  of  May 

In  '57  (that's  year  and  day,) 

Your  letter  safe  was  brought  by  Peter 

(Yours  was  in  prose,  but  mine's  in  metre), 

Wherein  you  order  to  be  sent  ye 

From  London  (mind  they  are'but  lent  ye) 

Tasso,  Orlando  Furioso, 

Hervey  (which  by-the-bye's  but  so-so) ; 

With  Dodsley's  volumes  four,  and  also 

The  book  which  the  Reviews  do  maul  so. 

This,  my  fair  saint,  goes  post  from  town, 

To  let  you  know  they're  all  sent  down ; 

With  t'other  order  there,  so  puzzling, 

Of  ribbons,  pins,  tape,  shoes,  and  muslin. 

As  to  the  ladies'  dress  in  fashion, 
I've  yet  observed  no  alteration ; 
The  pretty  creatures  wear  a  kind 
Of  a  gauze  cloud,  or  fine-spun  wind. 

I  called  last  night  at  Mrs.  Lynch's, 
Who  says  the  busks  have  fall'n  two  inches; 
And  at  the  same  time,  begs  I'll  let  ye 
Know,  with  her  duty,  that  the  petti- 
Coats  are  at  least  four  inches  raised, 
For  which  be  Cytherea  praised ! 
For  now  I  hope,"  and  hope  is  sweet, 
Ere  August  to  see  both  ends  meet. 
I've  news  to  tell  you  (not  in  rhyme), 
For  which  I'll  take  some  other  time : 
I'm  for  Vauxhall ;  so  rest  your  fervent 
Admirer,  and  devoted  servant." 

Scots  Mag.  vol.  xix.  p.  291. 

W.  D. 

MARGARET  Fox.  —  The  celebrated  George  Fox 
was  the  second  husband  of  Margaret  Fox.  Can 
any  of  your  readers  give  me  the  arms  of  her  first 
husband  ?  They  fell  into  disuse  by  her  children 
soon  after  her  re-marriage.  D.  C. 

GAMBRINUS.  —  Those  among  your  correspon- 
dents who  have  travelled  through  Austria  and 
Southern  Germany,  must  have  observed  a  sign 
which  frequently  appears  on  the  beer-houses  of 
those  parts  of  Europe :  a  venerable  king  with 


flowing  beard,  a  crown  upon  his  head,  and  a 
tankard  with  overflowing  froth  in  his  hand.  His 
name  is  Gambrinus,  King  of  Brabant,  the  inven- 
tor of  beer.  Who  was  Gambrinus,  and  what  is 
the  origin  of  his  legend  ?  A.  R. 

GOETIE  was,  and  may  be  is,  used  in  Yorkshire 
as  a  name  for  witchcraft.  Whence  derived  ? 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

GREEK  PRONUNCIATION. — The  pronunciation  of 
the  Greek  x  WJis,  doubtless,  like  Kh,  in  brick- 
house.  On  the  same  principle,  if  <p  and  0  are  labial 
and  lingual  aspirates,  they  ought  to  be  pronounced 
like  ph.  and  th  in  hop-hazard  and  hot-house.  I  wish 
to  know,  first,  how  did  the  Greeks  pronounce  <j> 
and  6  ?  secondly,  are  the  English  sounds  ph  (f ) 
and  th  (as  in  thin)  aspirates?  What  book,  easy  of 
access,  will  explain  this  to  me  ? 

ALFRED  TUCKER. 

Blackheath. 

HEARN.  —  Sarah  Hearn,  born  in  1677,  came 
whilst  yet  a  child,  with  her  father,  William  Hearn, 
to  America.  She  always  called  Archbishop  San- 
croft  her  uncle,  and  told  some  pleasant  stories  of 
his  kindness  to  her.  Some  of  her  descendants 
employed  a  solicitor  in  London  to  look  after  the 
archbishop's  estate,  which  they  had  been  told  was 
in  chancery  ;  but  the  preliminary  inquiry  re- 
sulted, I  believe,  in  the  discovery  that  he  left  no 
property  whatever.  Can  any  correspondent  give 
the  connection  between  the  families  of  Sancroft 
and  Hearu  ?  ST.  T. 

"  To  HIT  :"  "  To  HITCH."— I  do  not  think  these 
words  have  a  common  derivation,  though  in  the 
Yankee  dialect  they  come  very  near.  "  To  hit" 
originally  meant  "to  strike;"  then  by  a  natural 
metaphor,  "to  hit  one's  mark;"  then  further,  "to 
suit  one  another."  "  To  hitch  bosses,"  in  Yankee, 
means  to  tie  one's  horse  to  the  same  stake  or  post 
as  another:  metaphorically,  "to  agree,"  but  is 
generally  used  negatively,  as  "Brown  and  Smith 
don't  hitch." 

But  whence  came  this  verb  "To  hitch "=  to 
catch  on  ?  It  was  perhaps  originally  a  sea-term. 
I  think  it  must  come  from  the  idea  of  wriggling 
or  jerking  along  (Saxon,  hicjan).  When  one 
thing  (the  jerker)  meets  that  aimed  at — when 
"  the  two  ends  meet" — hitching  is  accomplished. 
Our  phrase,  "  To  strike  a  bargain,"  and  the  equi- 
valent in  Cicero,  "  Icere  foedus"  =  to  strike  a 
compact,  point  in  this  direction  too. 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

Glasgow. 

LAKE  DWELLINGS. — 

"  The  beams  fastened  together  in  some  places  of  the 
Lake  "  (Loch  Lomond)  "by  the  inhabitants,  and  covered 
with  turf,  for  them  to  have  recourse  to  in  time  of  war,  and 
to  move  from  part  to  part,  gave  rise  to  the  fable  of  floating 
islands  here." — A  Tour  through  the  Island  of  Great 


148 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  22,  'G3. 


Britain,  commonly  known  as  De  Foe's.  8th  edit.  1778, 
vol.  iv.  p.  233. 

It  would  be  interesting  if  any  of  the  correspond- 
ents of  "  N.  &  Q."  could  supply  a  note  of  any 
tradition  of  the  latest  date  when  such  structures 
may  have  been  used,  either  in  Loch  Lomond  or 
on  any  other  lakes,  in  the  British  islands. 

The  above  extract  would  tend  to  show  that  the 
supposed  lake  dwellings  may  come  down  to  a 
comparatively  recent  period. 

W.  C.  TREVELYAN. 

INGLOTT. — I  shall  feel  much  obliged  by  any  in- 
formation as  to  the  origin  of  this  family.  William 
Inglott  was  organist  of  Norwich  Cathedral,  and 
died  in  1621.  J.  W. 

LINES  ON  THE  COMMITTAL  OF  O'CONNELL  IN 
1844.— I  want  (not  for  curiosity)  to  recover  some 
lines  written  on  the  committal  of  O'Connell,  in 
1844.  The  following  opening  may  help :  — 

"  The  fiat  is  gone  forth, 

And  in  prison  our  chief  is ; 
Let  no  puling  whine 
Tell  how  burning  our  grief  is." 

Independent  of  politics,  the  poem  was  one  of 
great  literary  merit,  and  was  written  by  a  gentle- 
man whose  initials  may  be  recognised  as  "N.E.  K." 
He  was  at  the  time  acting  editor  of  a  celebrated 
political  newspaper  in  Dublin,  and  may  at  present 
be  connected  with  the  London  diurnal,  or  other 
newspaper  press ;  and  I  take  this  method  (as  the 
best)  to  discover  both  himself  and  his  poem. 

S.  REDMOND. 
Liverpool. 

LITERARY  DISCOVERY. — 

"  An  enrolment  has  heen  found  of  the  letters  belonging 
to  Edward,  the  first  Prince  of  Wales ;  which,  from  its  an- 
tiquity of  above  five  centuries,  its  interesting  contents, 
with  its  historical  bearings,  besides  being  the  only  record 
of  that  nature  in  existence,  is  decidedly  the  most  im- 
portant discovery  of  modern  times."  —  Illustrated  London 
News,  January,  1848,  xii.  23. 

What  more  is  known  of  the  subject  of  this 
announcement  ?  Or  was  it  a  hoax  ?  W.  P. 

MEDAL  OF  LUTHER  AND  MELANCTHON.  —  From 
a  paragraph  in  The  Athenceum  for  August  1st, 
about  the  exact  locality  where  Luther  stood  be- 
fore the  Emperor  Charles  V.  and  the  Diet  of 
Worms,  my  attention  was  called  to  a  silver  medal 
which  has  been  long  in  my  possession.  It  is  about 
as  large  as  a  crown  piece,  and  has  on  the  obverse 
very  spn-ited  heads  of  Luther  and  Melancthon, 
with  this  legend :  D.MARTIN  .  LVTHER  .  PHILIPP  . 
MELANCHTON.  On  the  reverse  is  represented  the 
appearance  of  Luther  before  the  emperor  and  the 
diet,  with  numerous  figures  in  bold  relief,  sur- 
rounded by  this  inscription  from  1  Tim.  vi.  12,  "Ein 
got  bekentnos  vor  vielen  zeugen."  Below  this 
representation  is  the  following  inscription  :  AVG  . 


CONF  .  MEMORIA  .  RENOV  .  MDCCXXX  .  P.  P.  W. 
Perhaps  some  correspondent  will  inform  me  whe- 
ther this  medal  possesses  any  particular  interest 
or  value.  F.  C.  H. 

PASSAGE  IN  ARISTOPHANES. — 

"  Aristophanes  ridicules  a  poet  who  calls  wine  '  the 
exudation  of  the  sources  of  Bacchus,'  and  water  '  the 
moist  dew  of  the  fountains : '  and  who  describes  a  milk 
cake,  a  porridge-pot,  and  the  smell  of  cheese,  still  more 
paraphrastically.  Les  prGcieux  were  in  Greece  if  Les 
prtcieuses  were  not :  Trans."  —  Jewish  Spy,  vol.  v.  p.  239, 
London,  1778,  note. 

A  reference  to  the  passage,  whether  in  Aristo- 
phanes or  not,  will  oblige.  C.  E.  W. 

READ. — James  Logan,  the  secretary  of  William 
Penn,  and  his  chief  justice  in  Pennsylvania,  mar- 
ried Sarah,  daughter  of  Charles  Read.  Mr.  Read 
had  another  daughter,  who  married  Mr.  Pember- 
ton,  an  ancestor  of  the  rebel  General  Pemberton, 
who  was  in  command  at  Vicksburg  at  the  time  of 
its  surrender  to  General  Grant.  I  wish  to  ascer- 
tain, if  possible,  from  what  part  of  England  this 
family  of  Read  came.  ST.  T. 

TITLES  BORNE  BY  CLERGYMEN.  —  A  trial  of 
considerable  interest  has  just  terminated  at  the 
Cork  Assizes,  in  which  a  Rev.  knight  or  baronet 
(I  know  not  which)  was  the  plaintiff.  He  is  de- 
scribed in  the  papers  as  the  Rev.  Sir  W.  L.  Dar- 
rell.  Is  it  at  all  common  now,  or  was  it  at  any 
former  time,  to  find  titled  clergymen  ?  I  remem- 
ber, when  a  schoolboy  in  Dublin,  there  was  a  well- 
known  baronet  (the  'Rev.  Sir  Harcourt  Lees),  a 
resident  at  Black  Rock,  near  the  city.  The  Earl 
of  Sefton,  of  Croxteth  Hall  near  this  town,  was 
about  eighty  or  ninety  years  ago  (I  quote  from 
memory)  a  Roman  Catholic  priest.* 

S.  REDMOND. 
Liverpool. 

TREFFRY  FAMILY.  —  In  looking  through  an  old 
Book  of  Extracts,  I  found  the  following :  — 

"  A  lady  of  the  Treffry  family,  wife  of  Sir  John  Treffry, 
(Leland  says  she  was  wife  of  Thomas  Treffry)  cup  bearer 
to  Edward  IV.,  and  then  absent  at  court,  with  a  courage 
that  no  man  might  have  been  ashamed  of,  defended  her 
house  at  Fowey  for  six  weeks." 

It  is  stated  in  the  Lives  of  Great  Men,  that  they 
have  often  been  much  indebted  to  the  influence  of 
their  mother;  may  not  our  heroine  have  owed 
much  to  similar  training?  I  am  desirous  to  learn 
the  name  of  the  mother  of  the  lady  of  the  Treffry 
family.  YOUR  CONSTANT  READER. 

VITRUVIUS,  IN  ENGLISH. — In  the  list  of  works 
published,  appended  to  a  folio  book  dating  1710, 
I  observe  the  title  of  Vitruvius  in  English,  by 

[*  For  a  list  of  clerical  baronets,  see  our  2h(l  S.  vii.  80, 
265.— ED.] 


3'd  S.  IV.  AUG.  22,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


149 


Christopher  Wase.  Having  tried  several  cata- 
logues and  several  libraries,  I  now  doubt  if  this 
translation  was  ever  printed.  Do  any  of  your 
readers  know  anything  of  the  manuscript  ? 


tottf) 

GILBERT  STUART,  PORTRAIT  PAINTER.  —  This 
artist,  called  "American  Stuart,"  became  a  pupil 
of  Benjamin  West's  in  1777.  Subsequently  he 
painted  in  London,  then  went  to  Paris,  and  in  1793 
returned  to  America,  where  he  died  in  1828.  I 
wish  to  know  where  he  lived  while  settled  in  Lon- 
don. Did  he  exhibit  at  the  Royal  Academy?  If 
so,  perhaps  the  old  exhibition  catalogues  would 
afford  information  as  to  his  residence.  J. 

[Gilbert  Stuart  on  his  arrival  in  London  in  1776  was 
found  by  his  friend  Waterhouse  in  a  lodging  in  York 
Buildings.  In  the  summer  of  1778  our  artist  became  a 
pupil  of  Sir  Benjamin  West  in  Newman  Street,  and  re- 
sided in  his  family  for  man)'  years.  He  used  to  relate 
the  following  anecdote  of  himself  and  his  old  master  :  "  I 
used  very  often  to  provoke  my  good  old  master,  though 
Heavens  knows,  without  intending  it.  You  remember 
the  colour  closet  at  the  bottom  of  his  painting  room.  One 
day  Trumbull  and  I  came  into  his  room,  and  little  sus- 
pecting that  he  was  within  hearing,  I  began  to  lecture 
on  his  pictures,  and  particularly  upon  one  then  on  his 
easel.  I  was  a  giddy  foolish  fellow  then.  He  had  begun 
a  portrait  of  a  child,  and  he  had  a  way  of  making  curly 
hair  by  a  flourish  of  his  brush,  thus,  like  a  figure  of  three. 
'  Here,  Trumbull,'  said  I,  '  do  you  want  to  learn  how  to 
paint  hair?  There  it  is,  my  boy!  Our  master  figures 
out  a  head  of  hair  like  a  sum  in  arithmetic.  Let  us  see  — 
we  may  tell  how  many  guineas  he  is  to  have  for  this  head 
by  simple  addition  —  three  and  three  make  six,  and  three 
are  nine,  and  three  are  twelve  -  .'  How  much  the  sum 
would  have  amounted  to  I  can't  tell,  for  just  then  in 
stalked  the  master,  with  palette-knife  and  palette,  and 
put  to  flight  my  calculations.  '  Very  well,  Mr.  Stuart  !  ' 
said  he  —  he  always  mistered  me  when  he  was  angry,  as  a 
man's  wife  calls  him  my  dear  when  she  wishes  him  at  the 
devil.  'Very  well,  Mr.  Stuart  !  very  well,  indeed  !  '  You 
may  believe"  that  I  looked  foolish  enough,  and  he  gave 
me  a  pretty  sharp  lecture  without  my  making  any  reply. 
When  the  head  was  finished,  there  were  no  figures  of  three 
in  the  hair." 

Another  incident  occurred  while  Stuart  was  with  Mr. 
West.  Dr.  Johnson  called  one  morning  on  Mr.  West  to 
converse  with  him  on  American  affairs.  After  some  time, 
Mr.  West  said  that  he  had  a  young  American  living  with 
him  from  whom  he  might  derive  some  information,  and 
introduced  Stuart.  The  conversation  continued  (Stuart 
being  invited  to  take  a  part  in  it,)  when  the  Doctor  ob- 
served to  Mr.  West,  that  the  young  man  spoke  very  good 
English,  and  turning  to  Stuart,  rudely  asked  him  where 
he  had  learned  it.  Stuart  promptly  replied,  "  Sir,  I  can 
better  tell  you  where  I  did  not  learn  it  —  it  was  not  from 
your  Dictionary."  Johnson  seemed  aware  of  his  own 
abruptness,  and  Avas  not  offended. 

Before  Stuart  left  the  roof  of  his  teacher,  he  painted  a 
full-length  of  his  friend  and  master,  which  attracted 
great  attention.  It  was  exhibited  at  Somerset  House. 
It  happened  that  as  he  stood,  surrounded  by  artists  and 
students,  near  his  master's  portrait,  the  original  came  into 
the  rooms  and  joined  the  group.  West  praised  the  pic- 
ture, and  addressing  himself  to  his  pupil,  said,  "  You 


have  done  well,  Stuart,  very  well ;  now  all  you  have  to 
do — is  to  go  home  and  do  better." 

His  next  picture  exhibited  at  Somerset  House  was  that 
of  a  Mr.  Grant,  a  Scotch  gentleman,  in  the  attitude  of 
skating,  with  the  appendage  of  a  winter  scene  in  the 
background.  In  1782,  Stuart  commenced  an  indepen- 
dent establishment  as  portrait  painter  in  Berners'  Street, 
where  he  lived  in  spbndour,  and  was  the  gayest  of  the 
gay.  In  1786  he  married  the  daughter  of  Dr.  Coates,  and 
two  years  after  was  compelled  from  pecuniar}-  difficulties 
to  leave  London  for  Dublin,  from  which  place  he  em- 
barked, in  1793,  for  his  return  to  his  native  country.  An 
interesting  biographical  sketch  of  this  clever  artist  will 
be  found  in  Dunlap's  History  of  the  Rise  and  Progress  of 
the  Arts  of  Design  in  the  United  States,  2  vols.  8vo,  vol.  i. 
pp.  161-223.] 

JOHN  DONNE,  LL.D.,  SON  or  THE  DEAN  OF  ST. 
PAUL'S. — About  two  years  ago  a  letter  of  his  was 
sold  by  Puttick  and  Simpson.  I  have  searched 
but  in  vain  for  the  date  of  the  sale,  and  I  shall  be 
exceeding  obliged  to  any  of  your  readers  who  can 
inform  me  when  it  took  place,  or  in  whose  posses- 
sion the  letter  now  is.  CPL. 

[The  following  lot  was  sold  by  Messrs.  Puttick  and 
Simpson  on  Dec.  19,  1855 : — 

36.  DONNE  (Dr.  John),  Dean  of  St.  Paul's,  contempo- 
rary copies  of  five  long  letters,  forming  four  closely  -writ- 
ten pages  folio.  Also,  two  original  A.  L.'s  of  his  son, 
John  Donne,  undated. 

The  commencement  of  one  of  the  latter  affords  a  curi- 
ous illustration  of  the  manners  of  the  period.  I  re- 
ceaued  a  letter  from  yr  Lp.  this  weeke,  but  it  was  rauished 
from  mee  by  a  verie  handsome  Ladie,  who  after  shee  had 
taken  the  pleasure  of  readinge  it,  tore  it  and  burnt  it ;  a 
little  more  familiaritie  would  haue  giuen  me  a  iust  occa- 
sion to  haue  clapt  her  breech,  and  then  I  must  haue 
faught  with  Sir  Lionell  the  husband,  for  it  is  now  com- 
inge  into  fashion."  The  lot  sold  for  5s. 

Another  letter  turned  up  at  the  sale  of  Mr.  Singer  s 
librarv  by  Sotheby  and  Wilkinson,  August  3, 1858. 

39. "DONNE  (John)  to  "My  good  Lord Dec.  4, 

no  year.  J.  Donne  was  the  son  of  the  Learned  and  Pious 
Dr.  Donne.  This  most  remarkable  letter  shews  that  he 
partook  but  little  of  the  character  of  his  Father.  In  ad- 
dressing his  friend,  he  writes,  "I  hope,  likewise,  you  have 
not  the  feare  of  God  before  your  eyes,  and  being  ashamed 
of  that,  make  Hine-head  and  Lob-lane  your  excuse ;  if 
yon  have,  pray  my  Lord  speake  plaine,  that  if  you  are 
turned  sainct,  we  may  deliver  you  up  to  Satan,  and  keepe 
these  Angels  to  ourselves,"  &c.  The  lot  fetched  4s.  Th 
letter  was  resold  by  Puttick  and  Simpson  on  April  28, 
1859.] 

QUOTATIONS  WANTED.— Clement  of  Alexandria 
somewhere  says  that  philosophy  "came  down  from 
heaven,"  not  like  religion,  by  special  revelation, 
but  like  the  rain,  in  the  ordinary  course  of  the 
Divine  government.  Can  any  correspondent  give 
the  exact  words,  or,  still  better,  refer  me  to  "  chap- 
ter and  verse."  JUXTA  TURRIM. 

[This  quotation  from  Clement  occurs  in  the  Stromata, 
lib.  i.  cap.  vii:  "  KaTatyaiverai  TO(VVV  irpoiratSeia.  fj  'EA.- 
A.Tjj'iKr;,  ffvv  Kal  coiry  (pt\o(TO<pia  Of&Qev  %Keii/  fls  avfyu- 
TTOVS,  o»  Kara  irpoiryo«W°">  «AA-'  f"/  T<$*w  of  ^  verol 
Karacmyvvvrai  els  T7)f  "fnv  TTJC  ayaQty,  KO.\  fls  rf)V  KO- 

"T 

•n-pi'w,  ical  e'trl  TO.  Sct!/J.ara.   J 


150 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


L3"1  S.  IV.  AUG.  22,  '63. 


In  one  of  Charles  Lamb's  Essays  ("  Elia's  "), 
two  lines  are  quoted,  to  which  I  know  the  three 
preceding  lines.  Whose  are  they  ?  — 

"  Makes  a  learned  and  a  liberal  soul, 
To  rive  his  stained  quill  up  to  the  back, 
And  damn  his  long-watch'd  labours  to  the  fire; 
Things  that  were  born,  when  none  but  the  still  night, 
And  the  dumb  candle  saw  his  pinching  throes." 

AMICUS. 

[The  above  lines  will  be  found  in  a  kind  of  epilogue, 
entitled  "  To  the  Reader,"  at  the  end  of  Ben  Jonson's 
Poetaster.  ] 

BEN  JONSON  AND  MRS.  BULSTRODE.  — Who  was 
this  lady,  "  the  Pucelle  of  the  Court,"  on  whom 
he  wrote  the  verses  in  his  works,  vol.  viii.  p.  437  ? 
When  did  she  die,  and  where  was  she  buried  ? 

CPL. 

[Notwithstanding  the  laudatory  notices  of  this  court 
beauty  by  two  such  poets  as  Ben  Jonson  and  Dr.  Donne, 
nothing  seems  to  have  been  known  of  her  by  the  respec- 
tive editors  of  their  works.  She  is  also  alluded  to  twice 
in  the  Notes  of  Ben  Jonson's  Conversations  with  William 
Drummond,  pp.  7,  38,  but  without  any  note  by  the  editor, 
Mr.  David  Laing.  Not  to  stop  here,  an  inquiry  was  made 
after  this  lady  in  our  2ud  S.  vi.  3 1,  without  eliciting  any  reply. 
In  the  Liber  Famelicus  of  Sir  James  Wliitelocke,  p.  18,  we 
meet  with  the  following  passage :  "  Cecill  Bulstrode,  my 
wife's  sister,  gentlewoman  to  queen  An,  ordinarye  of  her 
bedchamber,  dyed  at  Twitnam  in  Middlesex,  the  erl  of 
Bedford's  house,  4  August,  1609."  Can  this  be  the 
"  Court  Pucelle  ?  "  It  has  been  surmised  that  she  may 
have  been  the  concealed  subject  of  much  of  Donne's 
lighter  verse.  Cf.  also  Donne's  Letters,  edit.  1651,  p.  215, 
and  his  Poems,  edit.  1654,  pp.  254,  259,  and  the  one  en- 
titled "Twicknam  Garden,"  p.  22.] 


THE  "ARCADIA"  UNVEILED. 
(3rd  S.  iii.  441.) 

"  It  is  now  generally  acknowledged  (and  how  could  it 
ever  have  been  doubted?)  that  by  Prince  Arthur  is  in- 
tended the  Earl  of  Leicester Sir  Guyon  is  un- 
doubtedly Walter  (Robert?)  Devereux,  Earl  of  Essex, 
&c.  &c." 

As  I  believe  I  am  the  only  person  who  has 
ever  publicly  doubted  the  above  identifications, 
allow  me  space  specifically  to  deny  that  the  con- 
clusions of  C.  in  these  respects  can  be  just. 

In  1842  the  late  W.  Pickering  asked  me  to 
paint  a  picture  of  the  "Faery  Queene"  as  a 
companion  to  Stothard's  "  Canterbury  Pilgrims," 
and  I  was  induced  to  read  up  every  work  of  his- 
tory or  biography  that  I  could  lay  my  hands  on, 
which  might  elucidate  the  transactions  of  the 
period.  In  1843  I  made  a  cartoon  of  the  subject, 
"  Una  seeking  the  Assistance  of  Gloriana,"  which 
was  exhibited  in  the  competition  at  Westminster 
Hall,  invited  by  the  Royal  Commission  for  the 
decoration  of  the  Houses  of  Parliament.  Mr. 
Rippingilie,  who  was  at  that  time  publishing  the 
Artizau  an'i  Amateur's  Magazine,  asked  me  to 


give  him  an  account  of  the  results  of  my  studies 
on  the  subject,  and  I  enclosed  the  first  part  of  the 
Essay  which  appeared  on  the  1st  of  July,  1843. 
In  that  I  trust  I  have  clearly  shown  that  Leicester 
could  not  have  been  intended  for  Prince  Arthur, 
but  that  Robert  Devereux  was  intended  to  be 
immortalised  in  that  character ;  while  Sir  Guyon 
unquestionably  refers  to  llatclifle,  Earl  of  Sussex. 
As  the  Magazine  in  which  the  article  appeared 
died  at  the  end  of  1843,  and  is  now  rarely  to  be 
met  with,  if  you  can  allow  this  commencement  to 
re-appear  in  "N.  &  Q."  I  shall  be  happy  to 
continue  it  and  show  how  far  I  have  succeeded  in 
lifting  the  "  covert  vele "  of  the  poet.  If  not, 
perhaps  you  will  give  the  passage  especially  re- 
ferring to  Prince  Arthur,  Essex,  and  Leicester. 

"  AN    ESSAY     ON     THE     HISTORICAL     ALLUSIONS    OF 
SPENSER,   IN   TIIK  POEM   OF  THE   FAERY   QUEEN. 

"  Spenser,  in  his  letter  to  Raleigh,  explanatory  of  his 
intention  in  the  poem,  which,  without  any  impeachment 
of  his  power,  might  be  very  requisite  when  only  a  frag- 
ment of  the  poem  was  published,  says,  '  In  that  Fae'ry 
Queene,  I  meane  Glory  in  my  general  intention ;  but  in 
my  particular  I  conceive  the  most  excellent  and  glorious 
person  of  our  Soveraine  the  Queene,  and  her  kingdom  in 
Fae'ry  land.'  But  in  the  introduction  to  the  second  book 
he  had  also  explained  his  intention  in  this  respect. 

" '  Right  well  I  wote,  most  mighty  soveraine, 
That  all  this  famous  antique  history 
Of  some  the  aboundance  of  an  ydle'braine 
Will  judged  be :  and  painted  forgery, 
Rather  than  matter  of  just  memory. 
Sith  none  that  breatheth  living  air  doth  know 
Where  is  that  happy  land  of  Faery 
Which  I  so  much  doe  vaunt,  yet  no  where  show ; 

But  vouch  antiquities  which  nobody  can  know. 

'  Of  Fae'ry  land  yet  if  he  more  enquire 
By  certain  signes  here  set  in  sondrie  place 
He  may  it  find ;  no  let  him  there  admyre 
But  yield  his  sense  to  be  too  blunt  and  base 
That  no'te  without  an  hound  fine  footing  trace. 
And  thou,  0  fayrest  princesse  under  sky, 
In  this  fayre  mirrhour  maist  behold  thy  face, 
And  thine  owne  realmes  in  land  of  Fae'ry, 
And  in  this  antique  image  thy  great  ancestry.' 

"  If,  therefore,  the  poem  had  been  finished,  we  should 
have  had  an  allegorical  picture  of  Elizabeth  and  her 
court. 

"  With  this  clue  Mr.  Upton  endeavoured  to  trace  out 
the  historical  allusions,  and  has  succeeded  in  fixing  many 
of  the  characters ;  but  in  others  he  has  been  singularly 
unfortunate,  though,  with  the  too  common  fate  in  litera- 
ture, he  has  been  followed  unshrinkingly  in  his  blunders, 
without  having  due  credit  given  him  for  his  more  accu- 
rate suggestions. 

"  Elizabeth  is  personified  as  True  Glory,  and  Gloriana 
the  Fairy  Queen ;  also  as  Mercilla,  Belphccbe,  and  Brito- 
martis.  Amoret,  the  sister  of  Belphcebe,  who  is  carried 
off  by  Busirane,  is  Elizabeth's  sister — Queen  Mary  of 
Scotland,  carried  off  by  Bothwell ;  and  the  unsuccessful 
adventure  of  Scudamour  to  deliver  her,  is  an  allusion  to 
Sir  Nicholas  Throgmorton's  mission  (which  the  poet  flat- 
teringly describes  as  being  sincerely  intended)  to  release 
Mary  from  the  consequences  of  her  (forced?)  marriage 
with  Bothwell,  in  which  he  failed,  and  Spenser  releases 
Amoret  by  the  means  of  Britomartis,  appearing  so_  to 


S.  IV.  AUG.  22,  'o3.] 


XOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


151 


construe  Elizabeth's  reception  of  Mary  in  England,  when 
flying  from  the  disastrous  battle  of  Langside. 

" "  Mr.  Upton  considered  Florimel  another  personification 
of  Mary,  on  account  of  the  mode  of  her  escape  from  the 
monster  created  by  the  witch. 

"  '  A  little  bote  lay  hoving  her  before, 

In  which  there  slept  a  fisher  old  and  poore, 

The  whiles  his  nets  were  drying  on  the  sand : 

Into  the  same  she  leapt,  and  with  the  oar 

Did  thrust  the  shallop  from  the  floting  strand : 

So  safety  found  at  sea,  which  she  found  not  at  land.' 

Supposing  this  to  be  an  allusion  to  Mary's  escape  in  a 
fisherman's  boat  to  Workington,  in  Cumberland,  after  her 
flight  from  Langside.  But  the  other  circumstances  in 
the  adventures  of  Florimel,  her  imprisonment  by  Proteus, 
her  love  for  Marine!,  '  the  lord  of  the  Rich  Strand,'  who 
was  overthrown  by  Britomartis,  points  rather  to  the  un- 
fortunate Lady  Catherine  Grey,  who  was  imprisoned  for 
having  married  Seymour,  Earl  of  Hertford,  one  of  the 
richest  peers  in  England,  and  who  was,  with  his  wife,  so 
barbarously  treated  by  Elizabeth. 

"  The  trial  and  execution  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots  is 
alluded  to  in  the  trial  of  Duessa,  who  is  also  a  personi- 
fication of  the  Roman  Catholic  religion,  and  appropri- 
ated to  Mary,  as  the  head  of  that  party  in  England. 

"  Prince  Arthur  is  stated  by  Spenser  to  be  a  personi- 
fication of  '  Magnificence,  which  virtue,  for  that  (ac- 
cording to  Aristotle  and  the  rest)  it  is  the  perfection  of 
all  the  rest,  and  containeth  in  it  them  all ;  therefore  in 
the  whole  course  I  mention  the  deeds  of  Arthur  applyable 
to  that  virtue,  which  I  write  of  in  that  book,  but  of 
twelve  other  virtues  I  make  twelve  other  knights  patrons, 
for  the  more  variety  of  the  history.' 

"  Arthur's  adventures  would,  therefore,  have  been  car- 
ried through  the  twelve  books,  and  would  have  concluded 
with  his  finding  the  Fae'ry  Queen :  and  from  the  sonnet 
of  Spenser,  prefixed  to  the  first  edition  of  the  first  three 
books  of  the  poem,  it  is  clearly  pointed  out  that  Prince 
Arthur  is  to  be  a  personification  of  Robert  Devereux,  Earl 
of  Essex. 

"  «  To  the  most  honourable  and  excellent  Lord,  the 
Earl  of  Essex,  &c.  &c. 

"  '  Magnificke  Lord,  whose  virtues  excellent 
Do  merit  a  most  famous  poet's  witt, 
To  be  thy  living  praise's  instrument; 
Yet  do  not  sdeigne  to  let  thy  name  be  writ 
In  this  base  poem,  for  thee  far  unfit : 
Nought  is  thy  worth  disparaged  thereby. 
But  when  my  muse,  whose  feathers  nothing  flitt, 
Do  yet  but  flag,  and  lowly  learn  to  fly, 
With  bolder  wing  shall  dare  aloft  to  sty 
To  the  last  praises  of  this  Faery  Queen, 
Then  shall  it  make  most  famous  memory 
Of  thine  heroick  parts,  such  as  they  been  ; 
Till  then,  vouchsafe  thy  noble  countenance 
To  these  first  labours'  needed  furtherance.' 

"Mr.  Upton  supposes  that  Guyon  was  intended  for  | 
Essex,  from  the  frequent  mention  of  Guyon's  golden  sell 
(saddle),  which  he  thought  alluded  to  Essex  being  master 
of  the  horse;  but  to  say  nothing  of  the  ludicrous  inap- 
positeness  of  the  master  of  the  horse  losing  his  steed  at 
the  commencement  of  his  journey,  and  having  to  perform 
his  adventure  on  foot,  as  is  the  case  with  Guyon,  Guyon's 
adventures  are  the  subject  of  one  of  the  books  to  which 
the  above  sonnet  was  prefixed. 

"  There  can  be  little  doubt  that  Mr.  Upton  is  right  in 
supposing  that  the  adventure  of  Guyon  has  reference  to 
the  assistance  afforded  by  Elizabeth  to  Tir  Oen,  or 
O'Neale,  whose  cognizance  was  the  bloody  hand  (the 


child  Ruddymane) ;  but  this  brings  us  to  the  Earl  of 
Sussex's  government  of  Ireland,  and  the  Palmer,  instead 
of  being  Whitgift,  as  supposed  by  Mr.  Upton,  is  pro- 
bably Sir  Henry  Sidney,  who  acted  with  and  for  Sussex, 
and  afterwards  succeeded  him  in  that  government,  and 
may  very  probably  have  been  of  great  service  to  him 
therein. 

"  If  Sir  Samuel  Meyrick  be  right  in  appropriating  a 
suit  of  armour  in  the  horse  armoury  of  the  Tower  to  the 
Earl  of  Essex,  there  is  a  singular  coincidence  with  Spen- 
ser's description  of  Prince  Arthur,  as  wearing  '  athwart 
his  breast  a  bauldrick  brave.' 

"'  And  in  the  midst  thereof  one  pretious  stone 
v  Of  wondrous  worth,  and  eke  of  wondrous  might, 
Shap't  like  a  ladies  head  (Gloriana's).' 

"  The  suit  of  armour  has  the  head  of  Elizabeth  en- 
graven on  the  breast-plate. 

"  The  character  of  Arthur  is  enriched  with  many  of  the 
achievements  of  the  English  power  as  a  state ;  the  defeat 
of  the  armada,  in  his  contest  with  the  Soldan ;  the  rescue 
of  the  Netherlands  from  Spain,  in  the  destruction  of 
Gerioneo  and  his  Seneschal,  and  the  reinstatement  of 
Beige.  This  last  circumstance  led  Mr.  Upton  to  appro- 
priate the  character  to  the  Earl  of  Leicester,  who  assumed 
a  prominent  part  in  the  Belgic  campaign ;  but  his  total 
want  of  success  in  the  enterprise,  together  with  other 
circumstances  in  Arthur's  career,  clearly  shows  this  to  be 
a  mistake :  one,  however,  ii>  which  he  has  been  un- 
hesitatingly followed  by  all  persons  who  have  touched 
upon  the  subject  of  the  allusions  in  the  poem." 

FRANK  HOWARD. 
Royal  Institution,  Liverpool. 


LAW  OF  LAUKISTON. 
(3rd  S.  iii.  486;  iv.  31,  76.) 

In  a  late  number  of  "  N.  &  Q."  some  state- 
ments have  been  somewhat  incautiously  hazarded 
in  reference  to  a  family  which  became  afterwards 
so  remarkable  from  the  rise  and  fall  of  the  cele- 
brated financier  of  last  century,  and  from  the 
talent  and  military  ability  in  the  present  one  of 
the  late  Marquis  de  Lauriston,  Marshal  of  France. 
It  is  asserted  that  the  founder  of  the  family  was 
not,  properly  speaking,  a  tradesman ;  that  Lau- 
riston was  a  large,  not  a  small,  estate ;  and  that 
the  mansion-house  was  of  such  a  size  —  so  com- 
modious and  elegant — that  it  accommodated  the 
late  lamented  Earl  of  Eglinton  and  his  family. 

There  seems  now-a-days  to  exist  a  horror  at 
any  supposed  descent  from  an  honest  tradesman  ; 
why,  it  is  not  very  easy  to  conceive.  Whatever 
may  be  the  impression  at  present  about  the  vul- 
garity of  trade,  it  was  otherwise  in  the  northern 
capital  and  principal  towns  of  Scotland  until  a 
comparatively  recent  period.  So  far  from  being 
considered  as  derogatory  to  the  scion  of  a  well- 
descended  family,  it  was  no  very  uncommon  oc- 
currence for  cadets  even  of  nobility  to  betake 
themselves  to  business,  not  as  wholesale  dealers 
or  merchants  in  the  English  sense,  but  as  retail 
dealers,  commonly  called  shopkeepers. 


152 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[3'*  S.  IV.  AUG.  22,  '63. 


Whether  William  Law  was  descended  from 
clerical  magnates  or  landed  proprietors,  we  are 
not  prepared  to  say  ;  but  this  much  can  be  posi- 
tively asserted, — that  he  followed  the  trade  of  a 
goldsmith,  in  the  literal  sense  of  the  word,  for 
there  has  been,  singularly  enough,  preserved  a 
regular  shop  bill,  made  out  in  the  usual  form, 
such  as  is  used  in  the  present  day.  It  was  found 
amongst  the  papers  of  James  Anderson,  the  Edi- 
tor of  the  Diplomala  Scotia,  who  for  many  years 
•was  a  well-employed  agent  in  Edinburgh,  and 
who  was,  moreover,  a  writer  to  the  Signet  —  a 
profession  more  limited  in  number  than  it  is  at 
present.  The  debtor  was  a  relation  of  his  own, 
it  is  believed,  of  the  name  of  Pringle.  Mr.  An- 
derson was  also  the  man  of  business — at  all  events, 
after  the  death  of  Mr.  Law,— of  his  widow,  the 
"  Lady  Lauriston,"  a  title  applied  to  the  pro- 
prietrix  of  any  landed  estate,  whether  of  large  or 
small  dimensions.  There  is  before  me  at  this 
moment  a  discharge,  dated  in  1699,  prepared  by 
him  as  agent  for  the  lady,  of  a  portion  of  a  larger 
sum  due  to  her,  and  signed  by  "  Jean  Campbell," 
therein  designated  "  Relict  of  the  deceast  William 
Law,  Goldsmith,  Burgess  of  Edinburgh."  Mr. 
Anderson's  papers  had  remained  unmolested  for 
nearly  one  hundred  and  fifty  years,  when  they 
were  discovered  in  a  room  which  had  been  occu- 
pied by  him  as  an  office  before  he  left  Edinburgh 
for  London,  where  he  died. 

The  account  is  in  the  following  terms,  and  it 
is  presumed  will  at  once  verify  the  assertion  that 
whatever  Mr.  Law  might  have  done  as  a  banker, 
he  did  follow  the  ordinary  occupation  of  a  gold- 
smith :  — 

"Dauid  Pringill,  his  accompt  to  William  Law. 

Febriuar,  1679.  £  s  # 

Item,  for  dresing  a  wach  keey  .  .  03  00  00 
Itm,  resting  for  the  seting  of  a  ring  to  the 

Ladie  Barbarklly  (Barclay?)  .  .  05  08  00 

It"  for  a  plaine  howp  ".  .  .03  06  00 
ltm,  a  dwsane  flowrd  Spans,  24  unce  13 

drop  at  3  ponds  10  sh.  the  unce  is  .  86  16  00 
Itm,  for  a  Shewgar  Castor,  10  unce  19  drop 

at  3  pond  12  sh.  the  unce               .    •        .    38  10     00 


Summa  .  .  136    14    00 

It"1,  received  of  broken  silwer  thretie-seveu 
unce,  at  three  pund  the  unce,  is    .  .  Ill    00    00 


Rests    .  025    14    00 

"  Received  full  and  compleit  payment  of  the  above 
writen  accompt,  and  of  all  accompts  and  reckonings 
what-soever  preceding  this  two  and  twentie  day  of  Jan- 
wer  on  thousand  six  hundher  and  seventie  nine'yeiris. 

"  WILLIAM  LAW." 

The  next  assertion  as  to  the  extensive  nature 
of  the  Lauriston  estate  can  be  as  easily  disposed 
of.  Lauriston  was  bought  by  William  Law,  and 
he  and  Mrs.  Law  were  jointly  infeft  therein.  The 
fee  was  in  the  son  John,  but  his  mother,  as  her 
husband  predeceased  her,  had  the  liferent.  Now 


this  magnificent  estate  consisted  of  180  acres  of 
land.  This  assertion  we  verify  by  a  reference  to 
the  Life  of  the  Financier  by  the  late  John  Philip 
Wood,  Esq.,  a  very  accurate  as  well  as  interesting 
biography.  He  says  :  — 

"  This  property,  extending  to  upwards  of  180  Scotch 
acres,  stretching  along  the  south  shore  of  the  Frith  of 
Forth,  in  the  parish  ofCramond  and  county  of  Edinburgh, 
was  acquired  by  him  from  Margaret  Dalgliesh,  only  child 
and  heiress  of  Robert  Dalgliesh  of  Lauriston." — P.  2. 

It  may  be  noticed,  in  passing,  that  Mr.  Wood, 
from  his  connection  with  Cramond,  and  from  his 
having  given  an  excellent  topographical  account 
of  the  parish,  was  not  a  likely  person  to  make 
any  mistake  on  this  subject. 

Then  comes  the  magnificent  mansion  which  ac- 
commodated Lord  Eglinton,  and  which  we  may 
mention  was  also  occupied  by  his  Grace  of  Suther- 
land. As  it  existed  recently,  it  was  a  first-class 
edifice ;  since  the  dismemberment  of  the  lands  it 
has  fallen  into  disrepair. 

What  it  was  while  in  possession  of  the  de- 
scendants of  William  Law  is  another  affair ;  and 
a  peep  into  the  topographical  account  just  men- 
tioned shows  exactly  what  sort  of  place  it  was ; 
for  there  will  be  found  an  engraving  of  the  edi- 
fice as  it  existed  at  the  end  of  last  century.  It 
presents  the  appearance  of  a  tall  single  house, 
surrounded  by  a  low  wall,  but  not  presenting 
much  appearance  of  comfort  from  the  want  of 
trees.  It  was  such  a  domicile  as  might  suit  a 
respectable  Edinburgh  burgess  or  small  landed 
proprietor,  but  assuredly  not  such  an  edifice  as 
dukes  and  earls  would  condescend  to  occupy  even 
for  a  limited  period.  The  present  writer  has  seen 
it  {hundreds  of  times,  and  can  speak  as  to  the 
general  accuracy  of  the  engraving,  in  which,  if 
there  exist  any  defect,  it  is  because  the  print  is 
a  little  more  embellished  by  the  engraver  than 
was  necessary ;  however,  its  historical  connection 
with  John  Law  always  gave  it  an  interest,  which 
does  not  attach  to  the  present  palatial  residence. 
Even  the  Financier,  if  he  were  now  alive,  would 
have  been  as  much  amazed  at  the  extraordinary 
metamorphose  of  his  mother's  house  as  the  Sultan 
was  in  the  Arabian  Nights'  Entertainments,  when 
his  attention  was  directed  to  the  building  his  son- 
in-law,  Aladdin,  had  caused  to  be  erected  for  the 
reception  of  the  fair  Badroubadour. 

The  story  of  this  change  is  curious  enough. 
Mrs.  Law  was  a  prudent  and  careful  woman. 
She  had  the  liferent  of  Lauriston,  and  by  a  family 
arrangement,  the  lands,  passing  by  John,  who  is 
said  to  have  renounced  his  right,  were  secured 
to  the  next  son.  How  this  was  brought  about  can- 
not exactly  be  ascertained.  The  lands  were  saved, 
and  Lauriston  continued  in  the  family  of  Law 
until  the  downfall  of  Napoleon.  It  had  "long  been 
an  object  to  the  proprietors  of  the  estate  of 
Barnton  to  add  this  small  property  to  their  large 


3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  22,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


153 


domain,  but  they  had  never  been  able  to  manage  j 
it.     They  perhaps  were  doubtful  about  the  title 
to  sell,  as  it  was  generally  believed  the  possessor 
was  an  alien  ;  though  held  apparently  by  a  gentle- 
man of  the  name  of  Law,  who  voted  as  a  free- 
holder before  the  Reform  Bill,  the  general  belief 
was  that  he  was  merely  a  trustee  for  that  distin- 
guished   person    better    known   as  Marquis   de 
Lauriston.     The  old  house  was  occupied  by  the  ! 
farmer,  who  used  to  let  a  portion  of  it  in  the  j 
summer  time  for  the  use  of  bathers. 

After  matters  had  been  settled  on  the  Con- 
tinent by  the  removal  of  Napoleon  to  St.  Helena, 
one  fine  day  the  good  folks  of  Edinburgh  were 
astonished  to  learn  that  Mr.  Thomas  Allan,  a 
gentleman  well  known  in  that]  fair  city,  a  private 
banker,  who  owned  the  Mercury  newspaper,  had 
become  Laird  of  Lauriston.  He  had  visited 
France,  and  had  succeeded  in  persuading  the 
Marquis,  as  was  understood,  to  part  with  the 
"  old  place."  Mr.  Allan  instantly  set  about  im- 
proving the  mansion  house,  and  certainly  did  so 
at  a  vast  sacrifice  of  money.  He  very  judiciously 
retained  the  old  "  peel,"  but  made  sundry  im- 
portant additions;  in  particular,  he  constructed 
a  drawing  room  and  library  of  such  singular 
beauty  as  (so  the  writer  is  informed)  to  astonish 
all  beholders.  Conservatories,  hothouses,  and 
gardens  were  in  the  first  style.  In  short,  it  had 
assumed  the  appearance  of  a  nobleman's  seat 
when,  Mr.  Allan  dying,  his  son  (recently  de- 
ceased) took  his  place,  but  did  not  keep  it  long, 
as,  having  got  into  difficulties,  Lauriston  passed 
to  the  late  Lord  Advocate,  Rutherfurd,  who  com- 
pleted what  his  predecessors  had  left  unfinished. 
The  library  was  furnished  with  books  of  great 
value  and  costly  binding ;  the  showrooms  splen- 
didly fitted  up  and  adorned  with  the  choicest  old 
China  and  valuable  articles  of  virtu.  Everything 
was  in  keeping,  and  a  more  desirable  residence 
for  a  man  of  fortune  could  hardly  be  desired. 

The  Lord  Advocate  subsequently  accepted  a 
judgeship,  and  took  his  seat  on  the  bench  as  "  a 
paper "  lord  by  the  title  of  Rutherfurd,  for  so 
these  distinguished  persons  used  to  be  called  in 
their  native  county  —  where  he  did  not  long  re- 
main, for,  to  the  great  regret  of  his  friends,  and 
assuredly  to  the  serious  loss  of  the  county,  he 
was  removed  from  this  world  to  a  better  in  De-  • 
cerober,  1854.  He  had  his  foibles,  but  was  withall 
a  worthy  gentleman,  and  one  of  the  best  judges 
that  in  recent  times  have  held  the; appointment 
of  a  Senator  of  the  College  of  Justice. 

After  Lord  Rutherfurd' s  death,  the  Lauriston 
estate  was  disposed  of,  as  well  as  his  fine  library, 
plate,  china,  and  articles  of  virtu.  The  Barnton 
trustees  got  a  small  slice  immediately  adjoining 
the  property  held  by  them.  But  Mr.  Halket 
Craigie,  the  heir  of  Lady  Torphichen  —  the  only 
surviving  daughter  of  Sir  John  Inglis  of  Cramond, 


Bart.  —  became  purchaser  of  the  rest.  He  has, 
it  is  understood,  recently  sold  the  mansion  house, 
and  about  twenty  or  thirty  acres  of  land  surround- 
ing it,  to  the  lady  who  now  resides  there. 

To  return  to  Mrs.  Jean  Campbell,  the  Lady 
Lauriston :  her  relationship  with  the  ducal  house 
of  Argyle  is  still  asserted,  and  it  is  said  that  the 
duke  called  her  son  his  cousin,  or  something  of 
that  kind.  Now  really,  if  this  sort  of  recogni- 
tion —  if  indeed  anything  of  the  kind  really  oc- 
curred— could  be  taken  as  evidence,  the  Campbells 
would  have  the  most  extensive  set  of  relations  in 
the  world.  The  great  Maccallum  More  prided 
himself  on  being  cousin  of  the  whole  clan  of 
Campbell,  and  no  doubt  would  be  very  happy  to 
call  the  Financier,  or  any  of  the  Laws,  cousins. 
This  is  all  very  fine ;  but  where  is  there  any  proof 
at  all  of  relationship?  Mrs.  Law  required  no 
such  connection  to  do  her  honour.  She  was  re- 
spected by  all  her  acquaintance,  and  deserved 
to  be  so,  for  it  was  through  her  that  the  small 
family  estate  was  preserved  in  the  family.  Look- 
ing over  some  notes  of  an  eminent  genealogist 
now  deceased,  there  occurred  a  notice  of  her 
interment  in  the  Grey  Friars'  Churchyard,  from 
which  we  learn  that  she  had  a  hearse  and  eight 
mourning  coaches. 

In  our  previous  communication  we  noticed  the 
marriage  of  Jean  Law,  and  the  proceedings 
adopted  by  her  brothers  to  secure  implement 
of  the  provisions  in  favour  of  the  children  of  the 
marriage.  Her  father-in-law,  we  have  since  as- 
certained, was  the  translator  of  a  singular  little 
rare  volume  entitled  the  Royal  Physician,  or  the 
Perfect  Charitable  Physician,  divided  in  three 
parts,  &c.  &c.  The  author  was  "  Charles  de  Saint 
Germain,  Esquire,  Doctor  of  Physic,  Counsellour 
and  Physician  in  Ordinar  to  the  King  of  France." 
Edinburgh:  Printed  by  John  Reid,  1689.  18mo. 
Mr.  Hay  dedicates  the  book  to  Anne  Countess  of 
Errol,  whom  he  eulogises  as  a  matter  of  course, 
and  compliments  her  on  her  descent  "from  one 
of  the  most  noble  and  ancient  families  of  the 
kingdom,  albeit  not  royal,  yet  from  it  have  pro- 
ceeded ten  that  have  swayed  the  scepter  over 
Scotland  and  Great  Britain."  This,  he  explains, 
means  Arabella  Drummond,  "  who  was  mother 
to  King  James  the  First."  Lady  Errol  was  a 
daughter  of  James,  third  Earl  of  Perth.  J.  M. 


JAMES  SHERGOLD  BOONE. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  98.) 

The  clever  jeu  d* esprit  from  which  CAITJS  quotes 
is  none  other  than  The  Oxford  Spy,  of  which, 
after  four  numbers  had  been  published  m  the 
spring  of  1818,  the  fifth  and  last  appeared  m 
1819. 


154 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  AUG.  22,  '63. 


Prom  the  opening  lines,  it  is  clear  that  the  oc- 
casion when 

"  Shuddering  Scouts  forgot  to  cap  the  Dean," 
was  not  a  fire,  but  the  overthrow  of  the  leaden 
statue  of  Mercury,  which  occupied  a  pedestal  in 
the  centre  of  the  piece  of  water  in  "  Tom  Quad." 

" .    .    .    .    Alas !  they  see 
But  the  void  space,  where  Mercury  should  be ; 
And  what,  though  to  and  fro  some  Tutor  runs, 
To  vent  his  sorrow  in  a  string  of  puns,  — 
Though  Graduates,  Undergraduates,  loud  and  Jong, 
Prove  that  the  deed  was  wrong,  — was  very  wrong, — 
Yet  there,  with  drooping  mien,  a  silent  band, 
Canon  and  Bedraaker  together  stand : 
Grief  levels  and  unites  them ;  common  grief, 
That  seeks  in  mutual  sympathy  relief; 
Pride,  rank,  distinction  were  not  then  confest ; 
One  master- feeling  quite  absorb'd  the  rest : 
In  equal  horror  all  alike  were  seen, 
And  shudd'ring  Scouts  forgot  to  cap  the  Dean." 

Such  was  'the  scene  at  Christ  Church,  and  the 
occasion  is  distinctly  indicated  as  being,  — 

"  If  wits  aright  their  tale  of  terror  tell, 
A  little  after  great  Mercurius  fell." 

It  is  indeed  a  significant  evidence  of  the  lapse 
of  time  that  The  Oxford  Spy  — the  glory  of  my 
freshman's  days — should  now  be  dubiously  quoted 
as  a  mere  clever  jeu  d1  esprit.  But,  leaving  that,  I 
will  venture  to  solicit  space  for  the  insertion  of 
some  lines  by  Boone  which  appeared  in  Michael- 
mas Term,  1818,  as  a  tribute  to  the  memory  of 
Thomas  Holden  Ormerod,  of  New  College,  who, 
having  gained  the  prizes  for  Latin  and  English 
verse  in  Easter  term  on  "  Titus  Hierosolymam 
expugnans,"  and  on  the  "  Coliseum,"  died  from 
the  effects  of  over-exertion  in  a  pedestrian  tour 
through  Wales  in  the  Long  Vacation.  The  lines 
are  so  much  above  par  as  to  deserve  being  rescued 
from  the  precarious  existence  of  a  newspaper 
cutting :  — 

Lines  on  tlte  Commencement  of  Term,  Michaelmas,  1818. 

By  James  Shergold  Boone. 
"  How  careless  meets  our  little  world  again ! 

Sad  only  that  such  meeting  comes  to  fast : 
And  whether  more  of  pleasure  or  of  pain 
Hath  o'er  the  idle  interval  been  cast 
Is  equal  now : — the  motley  crowd  throngs  past : 
Some  whose  first  wond'riug  gaze  these  scenes  engage, 

Some  who  with  calmer  feelings  look  their  last, 
And  quit  the  precincts  of  life's  happier  age 
To  play  a  busier  part  upon  a  wider  stage. 
"  And  some  are  gone  for  ever: — where  is  he 
_  Happy  in  well-earn'd  fame  so  lately  seen  ? 
Now  taught,  alas!  how  quick  the  loss  may  be 
Of  all  which  loveliest  in  our  life  hath  been ! 
He  snatch'd  the  cup  of  honour,  and  between 
None  came  to  dash  it  from  him,  as  he  quaflPd 

That  cup  so  sweetly,  smilingly  serene. 
And  then,  e'en  then,  Death  hover'd  near  and  laugh'd, 
As  if  there  lurk'd  beneath  some  poison  in  the  draught. 
"  They  say,  in  spirit,  free  and  frank  he  shone ; 

And  warm  in  heart:  — both  now  are  quell'd  and 
cold. 


Was  gay, — but  now  his  gaiety  is  gone ; 

Was  fair  in  looks,  which  none  shall  now  behold 
With  pleasure  or  with  envy ; — had  unroll'd 
The  book  of  knowledge,  yet  was  skill'd  and  bold 
In  youth's  most  manly  graces. — Why  are  told 
The  gifts,  which,  though  they  deck'd  him,  could  not 

save? 

Wit,  talents,  beauty,  strength,  lie  with  him  in  the 
grave. 

"  They  say  a  mother  gazed  upon  that  youth 

With  most  maternal  fondness,  and  would  pray 

That,  turning  all  her  dearest  hopes  to  truth, 
His  rising  honours  might  her  cares  repay ; 

And,  ever  strengthening,  shed  a  brighter  ray 
To  warm  the  frost  of  her  declining  soul, 
And  gild  its  darkness. — Ye  vain  thoughts,  away; 

Those  fond  desires  shall  never  reach  their  goal, 

But  cheerless  to  their  end  her  wintry  years  must  roll. 

"  Yet  died  he  as  the  wise  might  wish  to  die  — 

With  his  fresh  fame  upon  him  ;  while  the  dear, 
Th'  approving  smile  of  friendship  met  his  eye, 

The  voice  of  gratularion  soothed  his  ear. 

We  may  die  otherwise ;  our  dim  career 
May  rise  and  set  in  darkness,  or  may  give 

Some  partial  gleams  that  leave  the  rest  more  drear. 
And  oh !  't  is  sad  this  darkness  to  survive, 
And  die  when  nought  remains  for  which  'twere  well  to 
live." 

Without  discussing  the  question  whether  ("  in 
the  pride  of  a  man  of  genius ")  Boone,  then  a 
young  man,  with  only  his  university  reputation, 
was  to  be  commended  in  his  refusal  of  the  invi- 
tation of  Canning,  a  minister  of  state,  to  call  upon 
him  —  for  this  must  depend  on  the  terms  and 
circumstances  of  the  invitation,  —  I  will  merely 
add  an  incident  with  which  his  examination  closed 
in  the  schools,  as  indicative  of  the  same  spirit.  He 
had,  in  1817,  won  one  of  the  first  University 
scholarships  which  had  been  open  to  competition 
(the  Craven),  after  a  very  close  contest  with 
Charles  Gray  Round,  of  Balliol  (sometime  M.P. 
for  Essex) ;  he  was  the  principal  celebrity  of  his 
day,  yet  he  went  up  only  for  "  a  pass,"  taking  up 
the  minimum  of  books.  He  did  pass,  as  he  could 
not  fail  to  do,  and  was  addressed,  at  the  close  of 
his  viva  voce,  by  Cardwell,  the  senior  examiner, 
with  an  expression  of  regret  that  a  gentleman 
who  had  carried  off  an  University  scholarship  in 
such  brilliant  style,  and  gained  University  prizes, 
should  have  sunk  so  low  at  the  examination  for 
•his  degree.  Boone  immediately  left  the  schools, 
and,  crossing  to  Brazenuose,  called  on  Dr.  Hodg- 
son, the  then  Vice-Chancellor,  to  tender  the  im- 
mediate resignation  of  his  scholarship,  which,  he 
said,  he  had  not  understood  to  carry  with  it  an 
obligation  to  stand  for  a  class.  The  Vice-Chan- 
cellor declined  to  accept  the  resignation,  saying 
the  scholars  were  as  free  as  other  men  as  to  their 
final  examinations. 

These  are  circumstances  which,  as  well  as  his 
declining  the  invitation  of  Mr.  Canning,  may, 
perhaps,  betoken  "  the  pride  of  genius,"  but 


3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  22,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


155 


which  the  friends  of  genius  may  possibly  be  per- 
mitted to  regret. 

I  have  somewhere  some  other  verses  by  Mr. 
Boone,  on  "  The  Death  of  the  Marquis  of  Tich- 
field,"  with  which  I  may  trouble  you. 

"  The  Welcome  of  Isis,"  a  poem  occasioned  by 
the  Duke  of  Wellington's  (expected  but  post- 
poned) visit  to  Oxford,  published  in  1820,  was 
attributed  to  Boone. 

"  A  Letter  to  The  Oxford  Spy  from  the  Big- 
wig's Friend,"  appeared  in  1818,  commencing  — 

"  Enough !  —  too  long  thy  frothy  strain  has  rung ; 

Kestrain  the  clamours  of  thy  envious  tongue,"  &c. 

It  was  attributed  to  Lord  Porchester. 

Y.  B.  N.  J. 


MAGICAL  CRYSTALS  OR  MIRRORS. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  108-9.) 

The  magical  mirrors  used  by  Dr.  Dee  in  his 
supposed  intercourse  with  spirits  being  inquired 
after,  I  give  the  following  description  of  one  of 
the  most  authentic. 

This  magical  speculum  of  Dr.  Dee  is  composed 
of  a  flat  black  stone  of  very  close  texture,  with  a 
highly  polished  surface,  half  an  inch  in  thickness, 
and  seven  inches  and  a  quarter  in  diameter ;  of  a 
circular  form,  except  at  the  top,  where  there  is  a 
sort  of  loop  with  a  hole  for  suspension.  It  came 
from  Strawberry  Hill ;  and  Horace  Walpole  has 
attached  a  statement  of  its  history  in  his  own 
handwriting  on  the  back  of  the  original  leather 
case,  in  which  it  has  been  preserved  :  — 

"  The  black  stone  into  which  Dr.  Dee  used  to  call  his 
spirits,  v.  his  book.  This  stone  was  mentioned  in  the 
Catalogue  of  the  collection  of  the  Mordaunts,  Earls  of 
Peterborough,  and  passed  into  the  hands  of  Lady  Eliza- 
beth Germaine ;  from  whom  it  went  to  John  Campbell, 
Duke  of  Argyll,  whose  son,  Lord  Frederick  Campbell, 
presented  it  to  H.  W." 

At  the  Strawberry  Hill  sale  it  was  purchased 
by  Mr.  Smythe  Pigott;  and  at  the  sale  of  that 
gentleman's  library  in  1853,  it  passed  into  the 
possession  of  the  late  Lord  Londesborough. 

Edward  Kelly  was  Dr.  Dee's  associate,  and  it 
is  believed  that  Butler  alluded  to  this  very  stone 
in  the  well-known  lines :  — 

"  Kelly  did  all  his  feats  upon 
The  Devil's  looking-glass,  a  stone, 
When  playing  with  him  at  bo-peep, 
He  solved  all  problems  ne'er  so  deep." 

Hudibras,  Part  ii.  Canto  3. 

During  Dr.  Dee's  connection  with  his  skyrer 
Kelly  (whose  business  it  was  to  look  into  the  specu- 
lum, and  describe  what  he  there  saw),  he  kept  an 
exact  diary  of  all  the  visions,  with  the  names  of 
the  spirits  of  the  unknown  world  who  answered 
to  his  call ;  many  of  these  were  subsequently 
published  in  a  folio  volume,  by  Dr.  Meric  Casau- 
bon,  in  1659,  under  the  title  of  Dr.  Dee's  Actions 


with  Spirits.  In  this  journal  more  than  one 
magical  mirror  is  spoken  of;  but  from  the  loose 
description  there  given,  cannot  be  identified. 

For  the  curious  in  occult  sciences,  I  add  the 
titles  of  some  rare  folio  works  on  this  subject, 
which  were  in  the  late  Lord  Londesborough's 
library. 

"  Varia  Curiosa."  An  astrological  work,  illustrated. 
MS.  16  cent. 

"  Lemegeton."  Clavicula  Salomonis  Rex,  or  the  names 
of  all  the  spirits  he  had  converse  with,  &c.  Diagrams. 
MS.  16  cent. 

"  Liber  de  Metallis  et  Lapidibus."    1377.  MS.  14  cent. 

"  Ars  Generalis."  With  diagrams.    1308.    MS.  14  cent. 

Trithemii,  "  Liber  Experimentorum."  The  Book  of 
Secrets,  &c.  MS.  16  cent. 

"  Liber  Hermetis,  vel  de  rebus  occult!  s."    MS.  16  cent. 

Treatises  on  Magic,  by  Dr.  Caius,  Dr.  Dee,  Forman, 
and  KeHy.  MSS.  16  cent. 

"  Sumule  Naturalium."  Paulus  de  Venetiis :  "  Ordinis 
heremitarum  Sancti  Augustini  Physicorum."  MS.  14 
cent. 

Cornelius  Agrippa,  "  De  Occulta  Philosophia."  Printed 
1521. 

Johannes  d'Espargnet,  "Der  Hermetischen  Philoso- 
phic." Leipsig,  1685. 

"  Dr.  Lee's  Actions  with  Spirits,"  by  Meric  Casaubon. 
London,  1659. 

Patrick  Ruthven's  Alchemical  Manuscripts,  or  Com- 
mon-place Book,  in  his  own  handwriting.  Beginning  of 
the  17  cent. 

"  De  Magorum  Daemonomania."    Strasburg,  1591. 

w.c. 


The  writers  of  the  Queries  on  Magic  Crystals 
may  like  to  have  an  account  of,  or  may  be  able  to 
tell  me  something  that  I  do  not  know  about,  one 
that  I  have  in  my  possession. 

It  is  a  lens  of  rock  crystal,  quite  round,  almost 
three  inches  in  diameter  and  !•]  inches  thick  in 
the  centre.  There  is  an  old  and  not  entirely 
legible  paper  with  it,  which  describes  it  as  a  — 

"  Druidical  magic  Plentz,  or  mirror  of  the  deviner's  cell, 
belonging  to  the  Arch  Druid :  from  a  barrow  in  the 
plain  of  Stonchenge,  in  all  accounts  the  finest  known ; 
formerly  the  property  of  Edward  Jones,  bard  to  George 
the  Third.  This  magic  Plentz  is  also  used  by  the  Arch 
Druid  in  the N games." 

Can  any  one  supply  the  two  words  that  I  can- 
not read  ? 

I  believe  that  nearly  all  the  magic  crystals  that 
are  known  are  made  of  quartz,  either  clear  and 
colourless,  as  rock  crystal,  or  wine-yellow,  as 
cairngoram.  Aubrey,  however,  mentions  one  made 
of  chrysoberyl  (probably  meaning  beryl,  as  the 
other  is  not  only  rare  but  very  difficult  to  work), 
which  was  very  likely  only  a  noble-coloured  cairn- 
goram. 

About  this  "Druidical  Plentz,"  I  suppose  its 
magical  properties  were  only  the  use  of  it  as  a 
sun-glass,  and  its  magnifying  powers  ;  both  things 
astonishing  to,  in  one  sense  only,  our  blue  fore- 
fathers. 


156 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"»  S.  IV.  AUG.  22,  '63. 


I  am  very  anxious  to  see  if  any  one  will  supply 
the  two  illegible  words  in  the  old  paper,  and  to 
have  a  few  instances  of  the  use  of  the  word  "mirror" 
for  a  transparent  substance.  JOHN  DAVIDSON. 

I  am  inclined  to  think  that  the  crystal  globe 
which  attained  a  notoriety  some  short  while  since, 
is  not  altogether  an  original.  Lucian  saw  some- 
thing like  it  in  the  moon.  In  Endymion's  palace 
there  was  a  mirror  placed  over  a  well ;  if  any  one 
looked  into  the  mirror  he  saw  whatever  he  liked. 

'EoV  Se  els  rb  Kdroirrpov  cbrofiARj/??,  irdffas  /JLIV  irj\eis, 
irdvTO,  Se  eBvr]  (5p£,  Siffirtp  eQeffrias  fKaffrots.  rSre  Kal  rovs 
o'uceiovs  fja>  eflacn^wji/,  (cat  iruffav  TIJV  irarpiSa.  —  Vera 
Historia,  lib.  i.  c.  26. 

Lucian  adds,  that  he  cannot  say  with  any  cer- 
tainty that  they  saw  him.  H.  C.  C. 


THE  PBIMBOSE  (3rd  S.  iv.  110.) — It  may  be 
true  that  in  some  parts  of  Germany  the  primrose  is 
called  Frauenschliissel,  lady's  key ;  and  perhaps  so 
in  honour  of  Our  Lady,  the  B.  V.  Mary,  though  it 
would  in  that  case  be  more  properly  called  Un- 
serer  Frauen  Schliissel,  like  wild  thyme,  Unserer 
Frauen  Bettstroh,  and  other  plants.  But  this  can 
only  be  because,  by  many  botanists,  the  primrose, 
cowslip,  oxlip,  and  polyanthus,  are  all  considered 
as  one  family.  The  name  belongs  properly  to  the 
cowslip,  and  the  reason  for  it  is  obviously  from  its 
resemblance  to  a  bunch  of  keys.  In  a  very  old 
German  herbal,  printed  in  1589,  and  entitled, 
Kurtzs  Handbuchlein  uund  Experiment  viler  Artz- 
neyen  durch  den  gantzen  Corper  des  Menschens  von 
dem  Haupt  biss  auff  die  Fuss,  and  illustrated  with 
above  a  hundred  coloured  cuts  of  plants,  the  cow- 
slip is  designated  by  the  following  names  :  Schlus- 
selblumen  ;  Weiss  Bethonian ;  S.  Peter's  Schliissel; 
Himrnel  Schliissel.  F.  C.  H. 

RING  MOTTO  (3rd  S.  iv.  83.)  —  Allow  me  to 
add  to  the  number  of  ring-mottoes  the  following, 
which  was  found  on  a  medieval  armillary  ring, 
consisting  of  eight  rings,  one  within  the  other, 
each  having  a  portion  of  the  motto  :  — 


"  Ryches  be  unstable, 

And  beuly  wyll  dekay ; 
But  faithful  love  will  ever  last 
Till  death  dryve  it  away." 


G.  W.  M. 


FAMILIES  OF  BEKE  AND  SPEKE  (3rd  S.  iv.  86.) — 
Of  the  former  family  I  know  nothing,  but  I  am 
well  acquainted  with  the  latter.  The  intrepid 
Captain  Speke,  whose  discovery  of  the  source  of 
the  Nile  has  been  the  subject  of  so  many  enthu- 
siastic public  meetings,  is  a  member  of  one  of  the 
most  ancient  and  esteemed  families  in  Somerset- 
shire ;  and  his  grandfather  had  the  privilege  of 


being  a  friend  of  the  great  minister  Pitt,  many  of 
whose  letters  (written  in  boyhood)  are  now  trea- 
sured in  the  family  seat  at  Jordans.  Captain 
Speke's  father  was  high  sheriff  for  the  county  of 
Somerset  last  year. 

The  curious  church  of  Dowlish  Wake,  in  Ilmin- 
ster,  lately  restored  through  the  instrumentality 
of  the  Speke  family,  contains  some  ancient  monu- 
ments belonging  to  their  ancestors.  I  do  not 
remember  the  exact  date  of  the  earliest ;  but  it 
consists  of  a  recumbent  figure  in  armour,  upon 
an  altar  tomb  with  panelled  sides,  having  niches 
and  weepers. 

The  Margaret  Speke,  referred  to  in  a  previous 
number  of  your  publication  under  the  head 
"  Dennis :  Arma  inquirenda,"  has  her  arms  de- 
scribed—  "Impaled  as  femme:  Argent,  two  bars 
azure,  over  all  an  eagle  displayed,  double-tete 
gules," — is  a  member  of  this  family. 

In  the  residence  of  Captain  Speke's  father,  at 
Jordans,  there  is  a  most  interesting  museum ; 
formed  entirely  of  animals  and  birds,  skins,  tusks, 
and  horns,  &c.,  sent  home  from  time  to  time 
during  Captain  Speke's  travels. 

BENJ.  FERRET. 

INCOMES  OP  PEERS  IN  THE  SEVENTEENTH  CEN- 
TURY (3rd  S.  iv.  107.) — In  reference  to  this  subject, 
there  is  an  interesting  estimate  of  the  expenses  of 
the  Duchess  of  Ormonde,  in  Ireland,  during  the 
Duke's  absence  from  that  country,  in  the  Kilkenny 
Archaeological  Society's  Journal,  New  Series,  vol.  iii. 
p.  84. 

The  meat  and  drink  for  her  daily  establishment  of 
sixty-seven  persons,  including  guests,  is  estimated 
at  2,548Z. ;  other  household  and  stable  expenses, 
3,022Z. ;  and  "Her  Grace's  money,"  1,000/.  ;  whilst 
the  board  wages  of  nineteen  officers  and  servants, 
who  were  to  attend  the  Duke  .into  England,  are 
set  down  as  624Z.  As  the  chaplain,  gentleman 
usher,  and  gentleman-at-large,  are  put  down  as 
those  "  in  waiting,"  the  total  establishment  and 
expenditure  were  doubtless  very  large.  Three 
justices  (for  the  Duke's  palatinate  of  Tipperary) 
ace  allowed,  3.600Z. 

In  Lodge's  Peerage  (article  "  Arran"),  I  see 
the  Duke  of  Ormonde  is  stated  to  have  lost  by 
his  loyaltys,  beyond  all  profits  received,  the  sum 
of  868,590Z.  No  doubt  this  is  a  great  exag- 
geration. 

Lodge  also  copies  the  will  of  Sir  William  Petty, 

j  in  which    he   estimates   his   income    at    15,OOOZ. 

|  a-year.  This  is  dated  May  2,  1685.  In  the  List 
of  the  Absentees  of  Ireland,  published  in  1724,  the 
Irish  estate  of  the  Earl  of  Shelburne  is  only 
valued  at  9,OOOZ. ;  and  that  of  the  Earl  of  Bur- 
lington (afterwards  inherited  by  the  Duke  of 
Devonshire),  at  17,OOOZ.  annually.  But  I  be- 
lieve all  the  estimates  in  that  list  to  be  under  the 
real  values.  ,  S.  P.  V. 


3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  22,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


157 


BOCHAKT  (3rd  S.  iv.  109.) — In  reply  to  your 
correspondent  H.  B.,  I  see  no  reason  why  the 
usual  pronunciation  of  Bochart's  name  should  be 
changed  into  Boshart.  The  great  scholar  was 
descended  from  a  very  ancient  French  family  of 
the  name — De  Bocbart  Champigny,  members  of 
which  resided  in  Rouen  and  Paris.  A  Bochart 
was  member  of  the  Parliament  of  Paris  in  1490. 
When  in  Rouen,  a  few  years  ago,  I  heard  his 
name  pronounced  hard — Boc&hart. 

When  did  the  first  edition  of  his  Hierozoicon 
appear  in  London  ?  Some  state  in  1675  ;  while 
Bayle's  Dictionary  gives  1663.  Again  :  which  is 
the  correct  title  of  the  Hierozoicon  ?  E.  P.  C. 
Rosenmiiller,  in  his  edition  of  the  work,  gives  this 
title :  Samuelis  Bocharti  Hierozoicon,  sive  de 
Animalibus  S.  Scripture,  3  torn.  4to,  Lips.,  1793. 
Another  form  of  the  title  is,  Samuelis  Bocharti 
Hierozoicon;  sen  Historia  Animalium  S.  Scrip- 
tures* J.  DAI/TON. 

Samuel  Bochart,  being  of  the  family  de  Bochart 
Champigny,  de  la  branche  de  Menillet,  is  entitled 
to  the  French  pronunciation  of  Boshart;  but  as 
his  great  works  are  written  in  Latin,  scholars  read 
his  name  as  they  are  taught  to  read  Latin.  His 
Lettre  a  Morley  (March,  1650),  on  Episcopacy 
and  Presbyterianism,  appears  in  Latin  in  his 
Works  (4to,  1712).  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

THOMAS,  EARL  OF  NORFOLK  (3rd  S.  iv.  70, 134.) 
I  think  that,  on  referring  to  Dugdale's  Baronage, 
vol.  ii.  p.  63 — 64,  HERMENTRUDE  will  be  satisfied 
that  Thomas  of  Brotherton  —  Earl  (not  Duke)  of 
Norfolk,  and  Earl  Marshal — had  two  wives,  and 
no  more. 

It  will  be  seen  that  he  was  not  more  than  thirty- 
eight  years  of  age  when  he  died. 

His  first  wife  was  Alice,  daughter  of  Sir  Roger 
Halys  of  Harwich,  by  whom  he  had  issue.  His 
second  wife  Mary,  daughter  of  William,  Lord 
Roos,  and  widow  to  William,  Lord  Braose  of 
Brember,  survived  him.  And  in  Sandford's  Gene- 
alogical History,  p.  206,  it  is  stated  that  she  was 
afterwards  married  to  Sir  Ralph  Cobham,  Knt. ; 
by  whom  she  had  a  son  (Sir  John  Cobham)  com- 
monly called  the  son  of  Mary,  the  Countess  Mar- 
shal. MELETES. 

Will  MR.  WARREN  (ante,  p.  134),  allow  me  to 
ask  for  his  authority  in  naming  Anne  as  the  first 

[*  The  following  are  the  titles  and  dates  of  Bochart's 
works:  Hierozoicon:  sive  bipertitum  opus  de  animalibus 
Sacrae  Scripturae,  2  pt.  Lond.  1663,  fol.  Hierozaici,  seu 
De  Animalibus  S.  Scripturaj  compendium,  duas  in  partes 
divisum,  a  S.  M.  Vecsei  Ungaro  in  emolumentum  Rei- 
publica;  literarise  adornatum.  Accessere  ad  calcem — Suc- 
cincta  in  Prophetiam  Obadise  paraphrasis.  Theses  in 
illustriores  parabolas  Evang.  D.  Matthad  et  Lucre. 
Franequerte,  1690,  4to.  Hierozoicon,  sive  De  Animalibus 
S.  Scripturae.  Recensuit  suis  notis  adjectis  E.  F.  C.  Ro- 
eenmuller.  3  torn.  Lipsise,  1793-96,  4to ED.] 


wife  ?  Her  name  is  entirely  new  to  me,  and  she 
does  not  appear  in  any  pedigree  of  the  royal 
family  which  I  have  been  able  to  consult.  It  is 
of  importance  to  me  to  ascertain  this. 

HERMENTRUDE. 

ROOKE  FAMILY  (3rd  iii.  491  ;  iv.  118.)—  It  may 
interest  your  correspondent  STEMMA  to  know  that 
the  name  of  James  Rooke  is  found  among  the  in- 
scriptions on  flat  stones  given  by  Bigland,  under 
"  S.  Briavel's  or  S.  Brulais',"  in  Gloucestershire. 
James  Rooke,  Esq.  of  Bigsweare,  who  died 
June  16,  1773,  aged  eighty-nine,  married  Jane, 
daughter  of  Tracey  Catchmay,  Esq.,  by  Barbara 
his  wife,  daughter  of  Reginald  Bray,  Esq.  of  Bar- 
rington.  He  left  surviving  issue,  James,  Jane, 
and  Barbara.  Perhaps  the  son  became  Lieut.- 
Gen.  James  Rooke  of  the  38th  foot. 

Barbara  Bray  had  previously  married  James  Ste- 
phens, Esq.,  by  whom  she  had  two  sons,  John  and 
James,  who  both  died  in  infancy. 

Arms  of  Rooke  on  the  stone  :  On  a  chevron 
three  chessrooks  between  three  rooks.  Crest: 
A  dexter  arm  embowed,  holding  a  pistol. 

JOHN  A.  C.  VINCENT. 

PROVERB  (3rd  S.  iv.  87.)  —  Surely  the  proverb 
in  question,  implying  that  the  donkey's  view  of 
things  occasionally  differs  widely  from  the  donkey 
owner's,  is  grounded  on  a  fable  of  Phffidrus  (i.  16). 
The  old  gentleman,  while  grazing  his  donkey, 
suddenly  hears  the  enemy  approaching,  and  ex- 
horts the  donkey  to  decamp,  that  he  may  not  be 
captured.  Says  the  donkey,  "  Will  they  clap  on 
me  a.  double  packsaddle?"  The  donkey's  master 
couldn't  say  they  would.  "  Then,"  replied  the 
donkey,  "  what  matters  it  to  whom  I  belong  ?  in 
either  case  my  load  will  be  the  same."  Hence,  I 
would  submit,  the  saying,  "AMa  6  yafiapbs, 


There  is  a  similar  proverb  in  older  Greek,  but 
it  refers  to  quite  a  different  story  :  —  "AAAa  p.tv 
Aa/cw  Ae'yei,  aAAa  5e  AaKtavos  was  <p4pft.  With  this 
may  be  compared  the  line  of  Lucilius, 

'AAAa  Ae-ye'  MeveKA^y,  &\\a  rb  xoip/Stov. 

SCHJN. 

Referring  from  memory  to  this  Query,  it  can, 
I  think,  be  appropriated  only  to  a  passage  from 
the  charming  Asinus  Aureus  of  Apuleius.  In 
book  vi.  we  have  Venus,  irritated  at  the  conquest 
Psyche  has  made  of  her  thoughtless  boy  Cupid, 
playing  the  part  of  the  malevolent  fee  in  the  fairy 
tales,  and  setting  her  various  tasks,  one  harder 
than  the  other,  before  her  fault  can  be  condoned. 
In  one  of  her  trials,  a  tower  she  had  ascended 
gains  speech  to  assist  her  :  — 

'Mini  ausculta:  Lacedsemon,  Achaise  nobilis  civitas, 
non  longe  sita  est.  Hujus  conterminum,  deviis  abditum 
locis,  quaeris  Tsenarum.  Inde  spiraculum  Ditis  et  per 
portas  mentis  monstratur  iter  invium  .  .  .  Jamque  con- 
recta  bona  parte  mortiferae  via?,  continuateris  claudum 


158 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  22,  '63. 


asinum  lignorum  gentium  cum  agasone  simili,  qui  te  rogi- 
tabit,  decidenti  sarcinaj  fasticu'los  aliquos  porrigas  ei. 
Sed  tu,  nulla  voce  deprotnta,  tacita  pranerito." 

Valpy,  in  his  notes,  adds  :  "  Ad  fabulam  aliquam 
respicit  suo  sevo  notam,  cujus  ad  nos  usque  me- 
moria  non  pervenit."  And  yet  it  requires  but  a 
little  acquaintance  with  our  own  popular  my- 
thology to  prove  that  analogous  customs  obtain 
amongst  ourselves  at  the  present  day.  Taking 
the  lame  ass,  and  its  lame  driver  as  mere  surplus- 
age  to  gain  attention,  almost  any  account  of  fairy 
superstition  will  tell  you  as  lieginald  Scott  re- 
marks, "If  you  speak  in  fairie  land,  you  will 
ne'er  get  back  to  your  own  countrie."  In  my 
Shakespeare's  Puck,  ftis  Folk  Lore,  I  have  more 
particularly  shown  the  necessity  throughout  fairy 
land  for  silence  and  secresy.  Psyche  is  to  go 
down  to  Orcuu ;  and  this  kind  warning  is  given, 
that  she  may  be  able  to  return  again  to  upper 
earth.  Her  object  is  to  beg  of  Proserpine  so  much 
of  her  beauty  as  will  serve  Venus  a  single  day, 
and  she  is  expressly  advised  not  to  give  the  least 
assistance,  or  receive  the  least  morsel  of  food, 
from  any  of  the  various  temptations  which  Venus 
has  thrown  in  her  way.  She  is  not  to  assist  the 
lame  driver  of  the  lame  ass  to  replace  any  of  the 
fallen  billets  of  wood  from  the  panniers. 

WILLIAM  BELL,  Ph.  D. 

FAST  (3rd  S.  iv.  110.)  — Fast  in  the  sense  of 
swift  is  as  old  in  writing  as  it  is  in  the  sense  of 
keep.  It  is,  in  the  former  sense,  from  the  Welsh, 
ffest  (according  to  Junius)  ;  in  the  sense  of  keep 
or  hold,  it  is  from  the  Mceso-Gothic./asta/z,  whence 
the  German  fest,  not  in  the  sense  of  geschwind, 
swift. 
"  And  lepte  on  ys  stede,  and  siwede  and  slog  fast  ys  son." 

R.  Gloucester,  p.  63. 

"Ac  Wyles  and  Wit,  weren  aboute_/as<e 
To  overcome  the  kynge." 

Piers  Plouhman's  Vision,  p.  68. 
"  But  that  science  is  so  far  as  beforne, 
We  mowen  not  although  we  had  it  sworne, 
It  overtake,  it  slit  away  so  fast ; 
It  wol  us  maken  beggars  at  the  last." 

Chaucer  :  The  Chanones  Yemannes  Prologue, 
v.  16150. 

(See  Encycl.  Metrop.  vi.  28).  The  sense  of  swift 
is  older  in  the  spoken  language  than  that  of  keep, 
because,  in  this  country,  the  Celtic  preceded  the 
Germanic  family.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

This  is  by  no  means  a  modern  application  of 
the  word.  In  the  Prayer  Book  version  of  Psalm 
Iv.  3,  we  find, — 

"  The  enemy  crieth  so,  and  the  ungodly  cometh  on  so 
fast." 

Othello  (Act  V.  Sc.  2)  speaks  of  himself — 

"as  one  whose  subdued  eyes, 
Albeit  unused  to  the  melting  mood, 
Drop  tears  as  fast  as  the  Arabian  trees 
Their  medicinal  gum." 


Chaucer  has,  in  the  Chanone's  Yemannes  Pro- 
logue, p.  32,— 

"  Fast  have  I  priked  (ridden),  quod  he,  for  your  sake, 
Because  that  I  wolde  you  atake  "  (overtake). 

Richardson,  in  his  Dictionary,  published  first  in 
Encyclopedia  Metropolitan^  quotes,  among  other 
authorities,  Longlande's  Vision  of  Piers  Plouh~ 
man,  and  Richard  of  Gloucester.  T.  C. 

Durham. 

Shaftesbury,  in  Advice  to  an  Author,  first  printed 
1710,  has,  (part  iii.  sect.  2),  speaking  of  the  invi- 
tation of  Luxury  to  her  votary  :  "  She  invites 
him  to  live  fast,  according  to  her  best  measure  of 
life.  And  well  she  may." 

I  had  noted  this  in  the  margin  of  my  copy  as 
the  first  example  I  had  seen  of  this  phrase  used 
in  the  positive  slang  of  the  present  day.  This 
may  aid  MB.  CAMPBELL  in  his  search.  J.  A.  G. 

If  the  dictionaries  at  the  end  of  the  seventeenth 
century  do  not  contain  the  word  Fast,  as  conveying 
the  idea  of  quickness,  they  are  much  in  fault. 
The  word  was  used  with  that  meaning  by  the 
translators  of  the  Bible.  Ezra  v.  8  :  "  This  work 
goeth  fast  on,  and  prospereth."  And  on  re- 
ferring to  Coleridge's  Glossarial  Index,  it  will  be 
seen  that  it  was  so  used  by  Robert  of  Gloucester. 
I,must  observe,  however,  that  in  these  cases  the 
word  appears  only  as  an  adverb.  Perhaps  the 
point  that  Mr.  J.  D.  CAMPBELL  wishes  to  inquire 
about  is,  when  the  word  came  into  use  as  an  ad- 
jective, in  such  phrases  as  "  a  fast  coach,"  "  afast 
young  lady,"  and  the  like.  This  is  quite  a  modern 
usage ;  and  if  it  is  not  to  be  found  in  the  diction- 
aries of  the  seventeenth  century,  no  blame  what- 
ever attaches  to  them  on  that  score.  MELETES. 

GREAT  CROSBY  GOOSE  FEAST  (3rd  S.  iv.  83.)— 
The  subject  of  the  "  Goose  dinner  "  is  far  from 
exhausted,  and  may  yet  bring  to  light  some  custom 
at  present  enveloped  in  the  darkness  of  ages  long 
passed  away.  The  paper  on  the  Norwich  "  Goose 
dinner"  (2nd  S.  ii.  426)  is  only  to  be  considered 
as  descriptive  of  a  long  existing  though  unre- 
cognised custom,  but  now  it  is  unequivocally 
established  through  the  ample  testamentary  pro- 
vision made  by  the  kind-hearted  Alderman  Part- 
ridge of  that  city.  The  annual  dinner  in  Norwich 
is  held  on  Michaelmas  day,  which  accords  with  the 
reasoning  of  your  correspondent  S.  REDMOND.  The 
"  stubble  goose  "  is  a  familiar  luxury  throughout 
the  county,  and  few  possessing  the  means  can  re- 
frain from  indulging  in  their  forefathers'  custom 
of  dining  off  goose  on  Michaelmas  day,  "for  luck" 
and  the  natives  have  probably  as  long  smarted 
under  that  sobriquet  as  their  neighbours  in 
Essex  have  been  lampooned  under  the  nominally 
stupid  dulness  of  "  calves."  As  an  Icenian,  it 
is  difficult  to  sanction  the  query  of  your  corre- 
spondent, "  Could  it  be  that  the  guests  were 


3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  22,  'G3.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


159 


likened  to  the  bird  ?  "  How  far  this  may  apply  to 
the  printers  who  transposed  the  "  goose  day  "  to  a 
more  barren  season  is  a  very  different  question. 
Three  of  these  customary  dinners  are  now  brought 
before  the  public ;  more  may  yet  be  recorded,  and 
the  reason  for  selecting  that  bird  for  these  com- 
memorative feasts,  may  be  yet  rescued  from  obli- 
vion.* It  is  historically  recorded  they  screeched 
in  the  Capitol,  roused  the  slumberers,  and  saved 
Rome.  What  honour  may  they  not  deservedly 
derive  from  this  unconscious  effort  of  their  dis- 
cordant lungs  ?  H.  DAVENEY. 

There  are  two  public-houses  a  nice  walk  from 
Blackpool,  going  by  the  names  and  bearing  the 
signs  of  "  Number  3  "  and  "  Number  4."  Michael- 
mas is  in  the  full  bathing  season,  and  it  used  to 
be  the  custom  with  the  landlords  of  those  houses 
to  provide  from  time  to  time  a  goose  dinner  for 
all  comers ;  the  geese,  I  believe,  being  given 
gratis,  and  the  company  only  paying  for  what 
they  drank.  Gentleman's  servants  and  others  of 
that  class  used  to  go  to  these  "  goose  feasts,"  and 
no  doubt  "  mine  host"  found  it  answer  his  pur- 
pose very  well.  As  Crosby  also  is  a  bathing-place, 
a  similar  custom  may  have  obtained  there. 

P.P. 

CRUSH  A  CUP  (3rd  S.  iv.  97.)— A.  A.  would 
find  it  easier  to  crush  a  glass  than  to  crush  the 
leathern  jacks  and  gills  from  which  our  ancestors 
used  to  drink.  They  are  perfectly  hard  and  stiff, 
and  sometimes  lined  with  a.  coating  of  rosin.  A 
drinking  horn  would  be  crushed  as  easily  as  a 
leathern  gill.  P.  P. 

THE  SACRIFICE  OF  ISAAC  (3rd  S.  iv.  111.)  — 
Professor  Bluut's  allusion  is  to  Bp.  Warburton's 
Divine  Legation  of  Moses,  in  which  it  is  main- 
tained that,  in  the  sacrifice  of  Isaac,  there  was 
shown  to  Abraham,  by  a  prophetic  action,  a  re- 
presentation of  the  sacrifice  of  Christ  upon  the 
cross,  by  which'  he  symbolically  "  saw  Christ's 
day."  T.  C. 

NEW  Ross,  Co.  WEXFORD  (3rd  S.  iii.  491.)  — 
Although  ABHBA  has  been  answered,  still  I  would 
desire  to  refer  him  to  the  very  curious  and  old 
metrical  account  of  the  building  of  the  walls  of 
New  Ross,  given  in  an  early  volume  of  the  Trans- 
actions of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries.  W.  P. 

SIR  TOBIE  MATHEW  (3rd  S.  iii.  329.) — I  concur 
fully  in  a  remark  in  '•  N.  &  Q."  of  April  25,  that 
a  life  of  Sir  Tobie  Mathew  (who  I  think  spelt  his 
name  with  one  t)  would  be  a  desirable  subject  for 
a  biographical  history. 

Somewhere  or  other  I  have  met  with  the  asser- 
tion that  he  left  illegitimate  issue  bearing  his 
name.  But,  as  yet,  a  good  life  of  his  father,  the 

[*  See  the  article  on  "  \Vayz-Goose,"  in  our  2nd  S.  iv. 
Oi.— ED.] 


archbishop,  is  wanting.  There  is,  I  believe,  in 
the  British  Museum  a  correspondence  of  his 
Grace  with  Camden  respecting  his  descent. 

The  blundering  memory  of  some  old  lady  ap- 
parently led  Thoresby  into  a  strange  mistake  in 
his  Leeds,  in  making  out  his  paternal  name  to  be 
Williams.  G.  C. 

New  Westminster,  British  Columbia, 
June  1. 

COLD  IK  JUNE  (3rd  S.iii.  489,  519;  iv.  19,  99.) 
The-  references  already  given  relate  to  the  last 
century.  I  remember  my  parents  saying  that  it 
snowed  fn  1822  when  they  moved  into  their  new 
house  in  London  at  Midsummer  day.  I  men- 
tioned this  circumstance  a  few  years  since  to  two 
or  three  older  persons  than  myself,  and  one  of 
tliera  was  able  to  confirm  the  circumstance. 

W.  P. 

JEST  BOOKS  (2nd  S.  vi.  206,  272,  333 ;  vii.  95.) 
One  hundred  and  eight  of  these  Facetiarum  Fas- 
ciculi have  been  catalogued ;  numerous  enough  to 
set  up  "  a  College  of  Wit-crackers."  So  far  as 
its  title  goes,  my  old  memory  supplies  me  with  an 
hundred  andnin^, — aDublin  production  (I  forget 
its  exact  date)  of  more  than  seventy  years  ago, 
which  I  have  remembered  for  the  motto's  sake, 
and  its  tailing  of  Cowley's  poetical  aspiration :  — 

"  What  shall  I  do  to  be  for  ever  known, 
And  make  the  age  to  come  mine  own  ? 
A  plan  I've  thought  of  which  will  surely  hit ; 
111  read  '  The  Jokes  of  Genius,'  and  become  a  wit." 

E.  L.  S. 

LADY  LISLE  (2nd  S.  xii.  99.) — I  know  of  no 
descendants  of  Lady  Alicia  Lisle  (beheaded  by 
James  II.  for  harbouring  two  of  Monmouth's  fol- 
lowers), besides  those  who  succeeded  to  the  pro- 
perty, and,  towards  the  close  of  the  last  century, 
were  residing  at  their  seat,  Moyle's  Court,  Elling- 
hani,  near  Ringwood.  The  family  then  consisted 
of  a  son  (Charles  Lisle)  and  three  daughters. 
The  son  was  imputed  imbecile,  and  an  attempt 
was  made  by  a  distant  heir  to  deprive  him  of  the 
management  of  his  property,  and  to  establish  his 
incompetency  to  make  a  will.  The  attempt  failed, 
and  at  his  decease  without  issue,  the  property  was 
divided  among  his  sisters.  I  believe  they  all 
married,  and  the  eldest  son  of  the  eldest  sister 
(Charles  Taylor)  took  the  name  of  Lisle  by  royal 
licence.  The  estate  has  been  sold,  and  is  now  the 
property  of  Lord  Normanton,  acquired  by  pur- 
chase. What  remains  of  the  mansion  has  been 
converted  into  a  farm-house.  The  secret  chamber 
at  Moyle's  Court,  in  which  the  two  men  were 
concealed,  is,  I  have  heard,  destroyed. 

This  family  claimed  to  have  been  lords  of  the 
Isle  of  Wight. 

"  Dame  Alicia  Lisle "  was  buried  in  Elhng- 
hain  churchyard,  where  a  simple  gravestone  marks 


160 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  22,  '63. 


the  spot  where  she  lies.  The  above  is  chiefly 
traditional,  and  I  can  give  no  further  information. 

W.  D. 

SERMON  AGAINST  VACCINATION  (3rd  S.  iii.  390.) 
Lord  Wharncliffe,  in  his  Life  of  Lady  Mary 
Wortley  Montagu,  says  that  the  "  clergy  descanted 
from  their  pulpits  on  its  impiety."  The  Rev.  E. 
Massey,  in  1722,  at  St.  Andrew's  Church,  Holborn, 
denounced  "all  who  infused  the  variolous  fer- 
ment as  hellish  sorcerers  ;"  and  said  that  "  inocu- 
lation was  the  diabolical  invention  of  Satan." 

And  even  so  late  as  1751,  one  of  the  rectors  of 
Canterbury,  the  Rev.  Theodore  de  la  Faye,  de- 
clared, with  horror,  that  ;inoculation  was  the  off- 
spring of  atheism  ;  and  drew  a  touching  parallel 
between  the  virtue  of  resignation  to  the  Divine 
will  and  its  practice.  W.  P.  C. 

Penzance. 

On  looking  over  my  note  book,  I  find  it  inci- 
dentally mentioned  that  "  Earnheim,  of  Frankfort, 
attempted  to  prove  from  the  Bible,  that  vaccina- 
tion was  the  true  Antichrist." 

Perhaps  some  of  your  readers  may  be  able  to 
verify  the  reference  ;  and  to  give  us  some  parti- 
culars of  Earnheim?  D.  M.  STEVENS. 

Guildford. 

LEGACY  DUTY  (3rd  S.  iv.  128.)  —  The  legatee 
must  have  been  a  sister,  or  the  descendant  of  a 
brother  or  sister  of  the  testatrix.  See  the  statute, 
36  Geo.  III.  cap.  52,  sec.  2.  G. 

Edinburgh. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

The  Life  of  Marmaduke  Rawdon  of  York,  or  Marmaduke 
Rawdon,  the  Second  of  that  Name.  Now  first  printed 
from  the  Original  in  the  possession  of  Robert  Cooke,  Esq., 
F.S.A.  Edited  by  Robert  Davies,  Esq.,  F.S.A.  (Printed 
for  the  Camden  Society.) 

This  is  assuredly  one  of  the  best  edited  books  which 
the  Camden  Society  has  issued  to  its  members.  Be  the 
compiler  of  this  Memoir  who  he  may,  he  has  certainly 
used  with  good  effect  the  materials  which  were  at  his 
disposal,  and  thereby  furnished  an  interesting  picture  of 
merchant  life  in  the  seventeenth  century  ;  and  the  story  of 
Marmaduke  Rawdon,  from  his  schooldays  to  his  removal 
to  the  activity  of  mercantile  life  in  the  heart  of  the  great 
metropolis  —  of  his  foreign  travels,  his  residence  abroad, 
his  journey  through  England,  &c.  —  is  quaintly  and 
pleasantly  told  ;  and  great  credit  is  due  to  Mr.  Cooke  for 
his  liberality  in  placing  the  MS.  at  the  service  of  the 
Camden  Society  ;  and  to  Mr.  Davies,  the  accomplished 
antiquary  of  York,  for  the  care  with  which  he  has  edited, 
and  the  learning  with  which  he  has  illustrated  the  life  of 
his  distinguished  fellow  townsman. 

The  Wallet  Book  of  the  Roman  Wall.     A  Guide  to  Pil- 

grims journeying  along  the  Barrier  of  the  Lower  Isthmus. 

'By  the  Rev.  J.   Collingwood  Bruce,   LL.D.,    F.S.A. 

(Longman.) 

This  is  a  well-timed  and  useful  little  volume.  The 
interest  in  the  Roman  Wall,  which  Stukeley  very  justi- 
fiably pronounced  "  the  noblest  monument  in  Europe," 


can  never  fade ;  and  as  the  force  of  the  proverb, "  a  great 
book  is  a  great  evil,"  is  never  felt  so  strongly  as  by  the 
traveller  who  is  compelled  to  carry  one,  Dr.  Bruce  has 
done  good  service  by  condensing  from  his  larger  work 
upon  the  subject  the  chief  points  of  information  as  to 
what  the  visitor  to  the  Roman  Wall  is  to  look  for,  in 
this  compact  and  profusely -illustrated  "  Wallet  Book." 

The  Ocean,  the  River,  and  the  Shore.  Part  I. — Naviga- 
tion. By  J.  W.  Willcock,  Q.  C.  and  A.  Willcock,  M.  A., 
Barrister.  (Routledge.) 

It  is  very  difficult  to  give  a  just  idea  of  the  amount  of 
information  contained  in  the  present  volume,  which  the 
Editors  tell  us  is  intended  rather  for  the  merchant,  the 
mariner,  the  riparian  proprietor,  the  fisherman,  the  jurist, 
and  the  general  reader,  than  the  lawyer.  All  will  doubt- 
less find  much  useful  information  in  it;  and  the  present 
Part  is  of  peculiar  interest  just  now,  from  the  light  it 
throws  on  the  laws  respecting  Belligerents,  Allies,  Neu- 
trals, Prize  Courts,  &c. 

Low's  One  Shilling  Guide  to  the  Charities  of  London: 
comprising  the  Objects,  Date,  Address,  Income  and  Ex- 
penditure, Treasurer  and  Secretary,  of  above  Seven  Hun- 
dred Charities.  (S.  Low.) 

A  most  useful  shilling's-worth.  We  have  tested  it  by 
a  reference  to  the  charities  of  Dog  Smith,  which  formed 
the  subject  of  a  Query  in  our  last  volume,  and  find  full 
particulars  of  them  at  pp.  125-6,  by  which  it  appears 
that  the  income  of  the  Trust  Property,  which,  at  the  death 
of  Mr.  Smith  was  about  1,600Z.  a  year,  is  now  more  than 
12,OOOZ.  

BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

LONDON  MAGAZINE,  General  Index  to,  from  1732  to  1758.  London.  1760. 
MONDMENTA  KiTpAtiA  EccLi!8i2K  ANOLicANjK,  by  the  Rev.  William 

Maskell,  M.A.  8vo.    Vol.  II.    Pickering,  1846. 
***  Letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriage  free,  to  be 

sent  to  MESSRS.  BBU.  &  DAIDV,  Publishers  of  "NOTES   AND 

QUERIES,"  186,  Fleet  Street,  B.C. 


Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  .'the  following  Book  to  be'sent  directto  the 
gentleman  by  whom  it  is  required,  whose  name  and  address  are  given 
for  that  purpose:  — 
BORNS'S  WORKS.    Vol.  II.  of  Cochrane  &  Co.'s  2nd  edition,  8vo,  1835; 

or  1st  edition,  1834. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  A.  Ramsay,  45,  Norland  Square,  Netting  Hill,  W. 


to 

C.  J.  E.  We  make  no  charge  for  inserting  lists  of  books  wanted. 
Replies  to  tlic  othtr  Queries  shall  be  forwarded  when  arrangements  are 
completed. 

T.  M.  The  proverbial  Jocal  allusions  will  be  found  in  Ray's  Pro- 
verbs. 

E.  C.  (Birkenhead.)  Your  Scotch  friend  must  be  "  daft,"  or  tryiwj  to 
hoax  you.  , 

T.  C.  H.  (Guildford.)   Many  Hianks. 

3.  3.  B.  WORK  ARP,  M.A.  Our  Correspondent  is  thanked  for  his  com- 
munication ;  but  the  question  under  discussion  relates  to  the  authorship  of 
the  work.  The  Puritan  turned  Jesuit. 

ENQUIRER.  The  best  account  of  Dr.  Dee  the  astrologer  is  in  Kipph's 
Biographia  Britanniea.  The  Camden  Society,  in  1842,  published  The 
Private  Diary  of  John  Dee,  edited  by  Mr.  Halliwell. 

SCOTOS.  Byron  notices  Burns  in  English  Bards  and  Scotch  Reviewers ; 
and  his  yoiithi'ul  /x-tuik*  i,t  Don  Juan,  canto  iii.  92.  Byron's  Works,  ed. 
1850,  pp.  432,  638. 

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favour  of  MUSSRS.  BELL  AXD  DALDT,  186,  FLEET  STREET,  E.C.,  to  whom 
aZl  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THE  EDITOR  sliould  be  addressed. 


Full  benefit  of  reduced  duty  obtained  by  purchasing  Ilorniman  s  Pure 
Tea;  very"  choice  at  3s.  4d.  and  4s.  "  lliijh  Standard"  at  4s.  td.  (for- 
merly 4.-.  S(/.),  is  the  strongest  and  most  delicious  imported.  Agents  in 
every  town  supply  it  in  Packets. 


3rdS.IV.  AUG.  22, '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

f  T      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIBF  OFFICES  :  S,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.  E.  Bicknell,  Esq. 


T.  Somers  Cocks,  Esq.,  M.A..J.F. 

Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.  A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,  M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  B.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 


James  Hunt,  Esq. 

John  Leigh,  Esq. 

Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 

F.  B.  Marson,  Esq. 

E.  Vansittart  Neale,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Jas.  Lys  Seager,  Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White,  Esq. 


Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary — Arthur  Scratehley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society  s  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MKDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

NoCHAROB  MADE   FOR  FoLIClT  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal.  

Now  ready,  price  14s. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


O  S  T   E   O      fiXDON. 

Patent,  March  1,  1862,  No.  560. 

/GABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH 


and 


SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
i  ceed  even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.    Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street.Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "  Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth.      Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

JC.  and  J.  FIELD,  Original  Manufacturers  (in 
•  England)  of  PARAFFINE  CANDLES,  to  whom  the  prize 
medal  (1862)  has  been  awarded,  and  their  Candles  adopted  by  her 
Majesty's  Government  for  use  at  the  Military  Stations  abroad.  These 
Candles  can  be  obtained  of  all  Chandlers  and  Grocers  in  the  United 
Kingdom.  Price  Is.  Sd.  per  Ib.  Also  Field's  celebrated  United  Service 
Soap  Tablets,  Gd.  and  4<2.  each.  The  Public  are  cautioned  to  see  that 
Field's  label  is  on  the  packets  or  boxes.  Wholesale  only,  and  for 
Exportation,  Upper  Marsh,  Lambeth,  London,  S. 

PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 
MAGNOLIA,    WHITE    ROSE,    FRANGIPANNI,   GERA- 
NIUM, PAXCHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  NEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1  ,006  others.   2s.  6d.  each  —  2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 

TTOLLOWAY'S    OINTMENT   AND   PILLS.— 

JLL  UNEXPECTED  RELIEF  .—These  purifying  and  soothing  re- 
medies demand  the  earnest  attention  of  all  persons  liable  to  rheuma- 
tism, gout,  sciatica,  or  other  painful  affections  of  the  muscles,  nerves,  or 
joints.  The  Ointment  should  be  applied  after  the  affected  parts  have 
been  patiently  fomented  with  warm  water,  when  the  ungent  should  be 
diligently  rubbed  upon  the  adjacent  skin,  unless  the  friction  should 
cause  pain.  Holloway's  Pills  should  be  simultaneously  taken  to  reduce 
inflammation  and  to  purify  the  blood.  This  treatment  abates  the  vio- 

<li.it  ases  wi 

malady,  the  FffisrestorTthe  vital  powers. 


1HE    LIVERPOOL     AND    LONDON 

FIRE  AND  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  in  1836. 

OFFICES:  —  !,  Dale  Street,  Liverpool;  20  and  21,  Poultry, 
London,  E.C. 

PROGRESS  OF  THE  COMPANY  SINCE  1850. 


Year. 

Fire  Premiums. 

Life  Premiums. 

Invested  Funds. 

1851 

* 
54,305 

£ 
27,157 

4 
502,824 

1856 

222,279 

72,781 

821,061 

1861 

360,130 

135,974 

1,311,905 

1862 

436,065 

138,703 

1,417,808 

H 


The  Fire  Duty  paid  by  this  Company  in  England  in  1862  was  71,2342. 
SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 
JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 

EDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 

recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  _ 

Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 

per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux  24s.  and  30s.  per  doz. 

Good  Hock 30s.    „     36s.       „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  42s.    „     48s.       „ 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24s.    „     80s. 

Port 24s.,30s.    „     36s.       „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  per  doz. 

Vintage  1834 „   108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840 84s.        „ 

Vintage  1847 72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry, 36s., 42s., 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  48s.,  60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60s.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120*.;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  66s., 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66.--.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymae  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz.} 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155.  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


THE  NATURAL  WINES  of  FRANCE.  —  J. 
CAMPBELL,  Wine  Merchant,  158,  Regent  Street,  recommends 
attention  to  the  following  CLARETS,  selected  by  himself  on  the 
Garonne:  —  Vin  de  Bordeaux  (which  greatly  improves  by  keeping  in 
bottle  two  or  three  years),  20s.;  St.  Julien,  22s.;  La  Rose,  26s.;  St. 
Estephe,  36s.;  St.  Emilion,  42s.;  Haul  Brion,  48s.;  Lafitte,  Latour, 
and  Chateau  Margaux,  60s.  to  84s.  per  dozen.  J.  C.'s  experience  and 
known  reputation  for  .French  wines  will  be  some  guarantee  for  the 
soundness  of  the  wine  quoted  at  20s.  per  dozen — Note.  Burgundies  from 
36s.  to  64s. ;  Chablis,  26s.  and  30s.  per  dozen.  E.  Clicquot's  finest  Cham- 
pagne, 66s.  per  dozen.  Remittances  or  town  references  should  be  ad- 
dressed JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 


Sold  by  Grocers  and  Druggists. 

FRY'S 

IMPROVED    HOM<EOPATHIC    COCOA. 

Price  Is.  6d.  per  Ib. 
FRY'S     PEARL     COCOA. 

•FRY'S  ICELAND  MOSS  COCOA. 
3.  S.  FRY  &  SONS,  Bristol  and  London. 

SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 
"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOB  LEA  AND  FEBBINS'  SATTCE. 

**«  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester  i 
MESSRS.  CROSSE  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS,  London,  &c.,  See.  i  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  AUG.  22,  '63. 


MURRAY'S 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A  MEDIUM  OF  INTER-COMMUNICATION 

FOR  • 

LITERARY  MEN,  GENERAL  READERS,  ETC. 


"  When  found,  make  a  note  of." —  CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


No.  87. 


SATURDAY,  AUGUST  29,  1863. 


V  Price  Fourpcnce. 

I  Stamped  Edition,  5</. 


FRASER'S  MAGAZINE  for    SEPTEMBER. 
Price  2*.  6d. 
CONTEXTS  :  — 

A  Plea  for  the  Free  Discussion  of  Theological  Difficulties. 

Late  Laurels—A  Tale.    Chapters  XIV.-XVI. 

Harvest.    By  Astley  II.  Baldwin. 

Our  Manufacturing  Districts  under  a  Cloud.    By  a  Manchester 
Man. 

The  Periodical  Press  of  the  United  States  of  America. 

A  Fortnight  in  Belgium  in  the  June  and  July  of  1863. 

Recreations  of  a  London  Recluse. . 

A  Chapter  on  Madagascar. 

Lawrence  Blopmfield  in  Ireland.    Part  XI.  —  Lord  and  Lady. 

Free  Translation  from  Propertius.    By  Edmund  W.  Head. 

On  the  Credibility  of  Old  Song-History  and  Tradition. 

"  Moriena  Cano.1'— The.  Picture  of  the  Christian  Martyr  in  the  In- 
ternational Exhibition. 

On  the  Forest-Hill:  with  some  Thoughts  touching  Dream-Life. 
By  A.  K.  H.  B. 

The  Prussian  Crisis. 

London  :  PARKER,  SON,  &  BOURN,  West  Strand. 
Just  published,  price  2s.  6rf.,  Part  VI.  of 

THE  HERALD  AND  GENEALOGIST. 

Edited  by  JOHN  GOUGH  NICHOLS,  F.S.A. 

CONTENTS.—  The  Municipal  Seals  of  Youghal,  with  Engravings.— 
Bellew's  Shakspere's  Home  and  Shakspere  Genealogies.  —  Grant  of 
Arms  to  Peter  Dodge,  t.  Edw.  I.  —  Armorial  Pavement  at  Shaftesbury, 

with  a  Plate—  Quarterings  of  Husey Battle  Abbey  Roll :  in  alphabet 

of  Families.— The  House  of  Lempriere. — Memoirs  of  John  Riddell, 
Esq.,  and  Stacey  Grimaldi,  Esq — The  Precedence  of  Edinburgh  and 
Dublin,  Ireland  and  Scotland — Sir  Roger de  Coverley,  Caleb  D'Anvers, 
and  Daniel  De  Foe.— Succession  to  the  Crown  of  Denmark.— Heraldic 
Notes  and  Queries.— Addenda  and  Index. 

NICHOLS  &  SONS,  25,  Parliament  Street. 

fTHE  QUARTERLY  REVIEW,    No.  CCXXVIL 

CONTENTS : 
I.  AUSTRIA. 

n.  NATURAL  HISTORY  OF  THE  BIBLE. 

m.  GLACIAL  THEORIES. 
IV.  OUR  COLONIAL  SYSTEM. 
V.  WASHINGTON  IRVING. 
VT.  MODERN  SPIRITUALISM. 
VII.  THE  NILE-AFRICAN  DISCOVERIES. 
VQI.  SACRED  TREES  AND  FLOWERS. 
IX.  ROME  AS  IT  IS. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street. 


F 


Now  ready,  ia  royal  8vo,  price  6s.,  No.  1  of  the 

INE    ARTS    QUARTERLY     REVIEW. 

CONTENTS : — 

1.  English  Painting  in  1862. 

2.  H.R.H.  the  Prince  Consort's  Raphael  Collection. 

3.  Early  History  of  the  Royal  Academy.  I. 

4.  The  Loan  Museum  at  South  Kensington,  I. 

5.  Description  of  the  Tenison  Psalter. 

6.  Italian  Sculpture  at  South  Kensington  Museum. 

7.  Principles  of  Design  in  Architecture. 

8.  Points  of  Contact  between  Science  and  Art. 

9.  Catalogue  of  C.  Vischer's  Works,  I. 

10.  The  Preservation  of  Paintings  and  Drawings,  I. 

11.  Discoveries  in  the  Royal  Collection  of  Drawings. 

12.  The  Fine  Arts  during  the  Interregnum  (1649—1660). 

13.  Ancient  and  Ornamental  Book-Binding. 

14.  Correspondence. 

15.  New  Purchases  at  the  National  Gallery. 

16.  Recent  Acquisitions  at  the  British  Museum. 

17.  The  National  Portrait  Gallery. 

18.  Summary  of  Art  News. 

18.  Recently  Published  Works  on  the  Fine  Arts. 

CHAPMAN  &  HALL,  193,  Piccadilly. 
3RD  S.  NO.  87.] 


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CONTENTS  OF  No.  86. — AUG.  22ND. 

NOTES: — Persliore  "Bush-houses" —  Strange  Derivations 

—  Marwood  Family  —  Earldom  of  Carrie :  Sir  John  Mennis : 
Endymion  Porter. 

MINOK  NOTES  :  —Lord  Loughborough :  Earl  of  Rosslyn — 
Cyclones  at  the  Seychelles  —  Liston,  the  Actor  —  Ancient 
Cereal  Productiveness — Coatbridge:  Strange  Production 
from  a  Blast  Furnace— John  Locke :  Father  of  the  Philo- 
sopher. 

QUERIES :  —  Aerostation  —  Joseph  Addison  'and  the 
"  Spectator "  —  George  Bellas  —  Burnet  Family  —  Col. 

Collet  — Epistle  to  a  Young  Lady:  J H ,  1757  — 

Margaret  Fox  —  Gambrinus  —  Goetie  —  Greek  Pronun- 
ciation —  Hearn — "  To  hit : "  "  To  hitch  "  —  Lake  Dwel- 
lings—  Inglott  — Lines  on  the  Committal  of  O'Connell  in 
1844 —Literary  Discovery —  Medal  of  Luther  and  Melanc- 
thon  — Passage  in  Aristophanes— Read— Title  borne  by 
Clergymen  —  Treflry  Family  —  "  Vitruvius,  in  English." 

QTTEBIES  WITH  AwBWEES :  —  Gilbert  Stuart,  Portrait  Pain- 
ter—John Donne,  LL.D.,  Son  of  the  Dean  of  St.  Paul's 

—  Quotations  Wanted — Ben  Jonson  and  Mrs.  Bulstrode. 

REPLIES:  —  The  "Arcadia"  Unveiled— Law  of  Lauriston 

—  James  Shergold  Boone  —  Magical  Crystals  or  Mirrors 

—  The  Primrose  — Ring  Motto  —  Families  of  Beke  and 
Speke— Incomes  of  Peers  in  the  Seventeenth  Century  — 
Bochart  — Thomas,    Earl   of  Norfolk  —  Rooke  Family  — 
Proverb  —  Fast  —  Great  Crosby  Goose  Feast  —  Crush  a 
Cup  — The  Sacrifice  of  Isaac— New  Ross,  co.  Wexford  — 
Sir  Toby  Mathew— Cold  in  June— Jest  Books  —Lady 
Lisle,  &c. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 

^TURKISH    BATHS,   VICTORIA    STREET.  — This 

JL  magnificent  Establishment,  accommodating  800  daily,  is  now  open 
(Sundays  excepted).  Public  and  Private  Baths  for  Ladies  and  Gentle- 
men. Prices  from  Is.  6d.  upwards. —N.B.  Baths  for  Horses — Oriental 
Bath  Company  of  London  (Limited),  VICTORIA  STREET,  near  the 
Station,  Westminster. 


S.  IV.  AUG.  29,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


161 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  AUGUST  29,  1S63. 


CONTENTS.— N".  87. 

NOTES :—  "  The  Edinburgh  Gazetteer,"  161  —  General  Lite- 
rary Index:  Index  of  Authors,  162— Scott's  "Lay  of  the 
Last  Minstrel,"  163. 

MINOR  NOTES:  —  Quaint  Surnames  —  Human  Stature:  a 
Note  for  Artists  —  Winkfleld  Parish  Registers  —  William 
Bullen,  M.D.  — "  Three  Letters  on  Italy:"  Dr.  Matthew 
Hutton,  Rector  of  Aynhoe  —  Dr.  Don,  Dean  of  Norwich  — 
Christian  Names  of  Authors  —  Spurgeon  and  George  Her- 
bert, 163. 

QUERIES :  —  Abuse  of  the  Stewart's  Table,  &c.,  165 — Arms 

—  William  Aurerell  —  "  The  Bakavalghita,"  &c.  —  Bene- 
dict XIV.  —  Biaritz —  Bibliographical  Queries  —  Bills  of 
Mortality — Coincidence  of  Birth  and  Death  — Vincent 
Cook  —  Dramas  —  Explanation    of  Words   wanted  — 
Greek  Phrase  —  Hume  —  Kastner,  or  Castner  Arms  —  Rev. 
J.  King  of  Hull  —  Knapsacks  —  Knights  of  Malta  —  Sir 
Ferdinand  Lee  —  Lord  High  Treasurer  of  England — Mse- 
vius,  &c.  —  Patrician   Families   of  Louvaiu  —  Edmund 
Prestwich— Pot  walloping  Franchise,  &c.,  165. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  Inscription  at  Dewsbury  — 
Spearman  —  David  Nasmith  —  Olaus  Celsius  —  Lord  Her- 
bert of  Cherbury  —  Latin  Nursery  Tales,  169. 

REPLIES :  —  Maps,  170  —  Origin  of  the  Word  "  Bigot,"  in 

—  Roman  Uses,  172  —  Bunbury's  Engravings  —  William 
Billyng  —  Legacy  Duty  —  Quotation  Wanted :  "  The  Dun- 
ciad "  —  Buckingham  Water  Gate  —  Family  of  Bray  — 
"Mending  the  Piggens "  — Meaning  of  Bouman  —  Prince 
Christiern  —  St.  Diggle  —  Epigram  —  "  Blood  is  thicker 
than  Water" — Archbishop  Leigh  ton's  Library  at  Dun- 
blane—Rule and  Rod— Cromwell's  Burial  Place  —Mr. 
John  Collet  —  Holy  Communion  at  Weddings  —  Arms  of 
Gresham  at  Ilford — Venner  of  Bosenden  —  Bridport,  its 
Topography,  &c.  —  Strange  Derivations  —  Surnames  — 
Ring  Mottoes  — Warden  of  the  Cinque  Ports  —  Record 
Commission  Publication,  &c.,  172. 


«THE  EDINBURGH  GAZETTEER." 

There  existed  at  one  time  in  Scotland  a  news- 
paper entitled  The  Edinburgh  Gazetteer,  which, 
having  been  published  in  troublous  times,  was  not 
very  long  in  existence.  Falling  in  with  an  odd 
Number,  I  cut  out  and  now  send  a.  rather  smart 
attack  upon  the  ruling  powers,  which  probably 
you  may  deem  worthy  of  preservation  in  your 
columns.  The  date  is  March,  1793 :  — 

"  ODE  TO  INSURRECTION. 

"  Hard-hearted  Nymph,  of  unknown  mien, 
By  minister,  alas !  unseen, 

Why  turn'st  thou  a  deaf  ear  ? 
See'st  thou,  unmov'd,  Pitt's  downcast  eye, 
Dundas's  melting  modesty, 

And  Hawksb'ry's  suasive  leer  ? 

"  Must  patriot  Rose,  of  every  grace 
Possess'd,  who  ne'er  look'd  man  i'  th'  face  — 

Must  he  too  sue  in  vain  ? 
And  L — ,  who  drove  his  conscience  out, 
To  make  room  for  the  K — 's  no  doubt, 

Dost  thou  his  prayers  disdain? 

"  Thy  heart  of  ice  can  nothing  thaw  ? 
Nor  Mulgrave's  wit,  nor  Watson's  law ; 

Not  Beauchamp,  nor  his  brother  ? 
Can'st  thou  resist  Drake's  Orthian  song ; 
And  Hawkins  Browne,  Sir  William  Young, 

And  even  John  Anstruther  ? 


"  What  malice  in  thy  heart  must  lurk,~ 
When  even  to  consistent  Burke 

Thou  canst,  O  Nymph !  be  rude ! 
Burke,  by  no  pension  ever  bought, 
The  firmest  friend  in  deed  and  thought 

0'  th'  'swinish  multitude.' 

"  From  east  to  west,  from  south  to  north, 
What  hosts  of  spies  have  sallied  forth, 

To  court  thee  to  be  civil ! 
What  frantic  fury  did  bestir  'em ! 
Tramping  from  Cornwall  quite  to  Durham, 

From  Durham  to  the  Devil ! 

"  From  some  Newcastle  mine's  recess, 
Which  solar  ray  did  never  bless, 

'Tis  said  thou  didst  ascend ; 
'Tis  said  at  Shields  thou  wert  seen, 
'Tis  said  aft  Dundee  thou  hast  been, 

And  even  the  Land's  End. 

"  Albeit,  here  it  must  be  own'd, 
That  some  assert  thou  wert  not  found, 

And  that  'tis  all  a  hum ; 
They  disbelieve  the  Proclamation, 
Gods !  what  must  be  their  situation, 
Poor  souls !  i'  th'  world  to  come  ? 

"  Do  not  the  wicked  wretches  know 
The  King  can  do  no  wrong  ?  ergo, 

He  cannot  tell  a  lie ; 
No— every  thing  that's  good  and  great, 
And  honourable,  take  their  seat 
In  the  heart  of  Majesty. 

"  When  then  the  King  a  Proclamation 
Thinks  fit  to  issue  to  the  nation, 

With  thanks  we  must  receive  it ; 
And  upon  no  pretence  whate'er, 
With  either  Why?  or  Wherefore?  dare 

Attempt  to  disbelieve  it. 

"  'Tis  true,  that  none  of  us  have  seen, 
0  Insurrection !  thy  dread  mien, 

In  any  part  o'  th'  nation ; 
But  tho'  we  have  not  found  thee  out, 
Thou  dost  exist,  beyond  all  doubt ; 

Thus  says  the  Proclamation. 

"  WTiat  are  our  vulgar,  swinish  eyes 
To  his  Most  Gracious  Majesty's, 

That  see  so  far  and  wide  ? 
By  the  rude  rabble's  view  thy  mien, 
O'lnsurrection !  was  not  seen  — 
By  the  King  alone  espy'd. 

"  To  him,  of  Freedom  the  defender, 
Our  lives  and  wealth  we  alwaj'S  tender, 

As  subjects  ought  to  do. 
Why,  therefore,  to  his  Majesty, 
Our  Gracious  Sovereign,  should  not  we 

Entrust  our  eye- sight  too? 

"  Yet  as  some  do  still  exist, 
Who,  Goddess  of  my  song,  persist 

In  doubting  thy  existence ; 
Appear  to  their  astonish'd  sight, 
And  if  it  be  alone  from  spite, 

No  longer  keep  thy  distance. 
"  Appear  to  Richard  Brinsley's  eyes, 
Ere  in  the  Commons'  House  he  rise, 

To  talk  about  Sedition ; 
Gods !  what  a  triumph  it  would  be,         '_ 
To  Pitt  and  all  the  ministry, 

To  see  poor  Dick's  condition ! 


162 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  AUG.  29,  '63. 


'  No  longer  let  the  rabble  dare 
Say  thou  exist'st  alone  in  air, 

'  The  shadow  of  a  shade ; ' 
With  all  thy  horrors,  0,  appear ! 
Come,  with  Addresses  in  thy  rear, 

And  the  whole  Isle  invade. 

'  So  Burke  a  draught  of  mighty  pow'r 
Shall '  from  his  own  alembic '  pour 

To  thy  eternal  fame ! 
So  Horsley  shall  for  once  repress, 
O  Nymph,  his  '  gall  of  bitterness,' 
To  celebrate  thy  name ! " 


M. 


GENERAL  LITERARY  INDEX:  INDEX  OF 
AUTHORS. 

Adamannus,  Adaumanus  seu  Adomnanus,  Be- 
nedictinus  Abbas  in  insula  Hyensi  vicina  Scotize, 
saec.  vii.  The  collections  in  which  his  works  have 
been  printed  are  as  follow,  the  pages  being  annexed 
whenever  they  are  accessible  :  — 

Vita  S.  Columbse,  Abbatis  Hyensis,  qui  diem 
obiit  anno  597.  Vide  Acta  Sanctorum,  Junii  ix, 
Bollandi,  pp.  180-236;  Surii,  144-161;  Colgani, 
321-514;  Mabillonii,  t.  i.  361-366;  Canisii  Lec- 
tiones  Antiquae,  i.  674-708  ;  Messinghami  Florile- 
gium  Insulae  Sanctorum,  Parisiis,  1626;  Joh. 
Pinkerton,  Vitae  Antiquae  Sanctorum  qui  habita- 
verunt  in  ea  parte  Britannia?  nunc  vocata  Scotia, 
Londini,  1789;  Migne,  Patrologia,  t.-lxxxviii. 
Paris,  1850.  The  Life  by  Adamnan  has  recently 
been  edited  by  Dr.-  Reeves,  with  notes  and  dis- 
sertations, for  the  Irish  Archaeological  and  Celtic 
Society,  Dublin,  1857,  and  has  been  translated 
from  the  text  edited  by  Reeves,  with  copious 
notes,  Dublin,  1860. 

Lib.  i.  De  Propheticis  Revelationibus.  Cap.  i. 
De  virtutum  miraculis  brevis  narratio.  The  his- 
tory of  his  miracles  is  continued  in  the  second 
book.  There  is  no  economy  in  the  miracles,  pro- 
phecies, and  visions  recorded  in  the  biographies  of 
saints  written  in  the  seventh  century.  °  They  are 

'  afj.fj.OKotrwyapya.pa. 

u  Scd  neque  quam  multaj  species,  nee  nomina  qua  sint, 
Est  numerus ;  neque  enim  numero  comprendere  refert. 
Quern  qui  scire  velit,  Libyci  velit  aquoris  idem 
Dicere  quani  multae  zephyro  turbentur  arena? : 
Aut  ubi  navigiis  violentior  incidit  Eurus 
Nosse  quot  lonii  veniant  ad  litora  fluctus." 

Like  St.  Bernard,  this  saint  "  appears  to  have 
been  somewhat  addicted  to  the  practice  of  de- 
nouncing and  invoking  on  those  who  had  incurred 
his  displeasure  the  judgments  •  of  heaven." 
("  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  viii.  229.)  We  find,  cap.  xxii. 
De  malefactorum  interitu,  qui  Sanctum  dispexe- 
rant,  Colg.  p.  355. 

Among  his  works  of  mercy  may  be  mentioned 
as  an  instance  of  his  miracle-working  faith,  the 
restoration  to  life  of  a  man  who  had  died  by  the 
bite  of  a  serpent.  (O'Donellus  in  Colgano,  p.  411.) 


i  Shortly  before  his  death,  seeing  the  brethren 
;  filled  with  sorrow,  the  saint  endeavoured  to  com- 
fort them ;  and  raising  his  holy  hands,  he  blessed 
the  entire  island,  saying:  "From  henceforth 
poisonous  reptiles  shall  not  be  able  to  hurt  men  or 
cattle  in  this  island,  as  long  as  the  inhabitants 
shall  observe  the  commandments  of  Christ." 
"  From  whatever  it  has  arisen,"  observes  the 
translator,  "  it  is  a  singular  fact  that  no  snakes  or 
vipers  have  ever  been  seen  in  Hy,  whilst  many  of 
a  very  venomous  nature  are  found  on  the  opposite 
coast."  (Book  n.  chap.  28.)  In  reference  to  "  the 
popular  tradition  of  St.  Patrick  and  venomous 
creatures  in  Ireland  "  referred  to  by  MB.  J.  DAL- 
TON  (3rd  S.  iv.  82),  I  would  suggest  that  the  Irish 
would  positively  have  been  blessed  by  an  oppor- 
tunity of  stoning  venomous  serpents ;  this  would 
afford  an  innocent  diversion  to  their  killing  pro- 
pensities, to  United  Irish  violence : — 

"Si  se  forte  cava  extulerit  mala  vipera  terra, 
Tolle  moras,  cape  saxa  manu,  cape  robora,  pastor, 
Ferte  cito  flammas,  date  tela,  repellite  pestem." 

Vida  Poeticorum  lib.  iii.  421. 

"  Scripsit  hie  magnus  Dei  propheta  multas  prophetias. 
Sed  vereor  inter  has  numerari  aliquas,  quas  non  sint  ge- 
nuina  ejus  opera.  Ego  solum  paucas  recensebo,  quae  ipsi 
certius  attribui  videntur.  Prima  sit  prophetia  de  ad- 
ventu  Anglorum,  et  Hibernia  per  eos  expugnanda,"  &c. — 
Colyanus,  p.  472. 

"  Then  (by  the  invasion  of  Ulster  by  John  de  Courcy) 
was  fulfilled  the  prophecy  of  Columba,  the  Irishman,  who 
in  times  long  past  foretold  this  battle :  '  So  much  Irish 
blood,'  he  said,  'shall  then  be  shed,  that  their  enemies 
in  pursuing  them  will  wade  up  to  their  knees  in  blood.'  . 
.  .  .  .  It  is  also  reported  that  a  prediction  was  com- 
mitted to  writing  by  the  same  prophet,  purporting  that  a 
needy  and  broken  man,  a  stranger  from  far  countries, 
should,  with  a  small  company,  come  to  Down,  and  take 
possession  of  the  city  without  the  leave  of  the  governor. 
He  also  foretold  several  battles  and  other  events,  all  of 
which  were  clearly  fulfilled  in  the  acts  of  John  de  Courcy, 
who  is  said  to  have  had  this  book  of  prophecies,  •written 
in  the  Irish  tongue,  in  his  possession,  and  to  have  valued 
it  much,  considering  it  as  the  mirror  of  his  own  deeds.  It 
is  also  written  in  the  same  book,  that  a  young  man  with 
a  band  of  armed  men  should  assault  and  break  down  the 
walls  of  Waterford,  and  take  the  city  with  great  slaugh- 
ter of  the  inhabitants;  and  that  he  should  then  pass 
through  Wexford,  and  at  length  enter  Dublin  without 
any  opposition.  All  this  was  evidently  fulfilled  in  Earl 
Richard.  The  saint  also  predicted  thalt  Limerick  would 
be  twice  evacuated  by  the  English,  but  the  third  time 
they  would  retain  possession  of  it.  Now,  truly  it  has 
been  twice  given  up."  &c.— TJie  Vaticinal  History  of  the 
Conquest  of  Ireland,  by  Giraldus  Cambrensis,  Bohn's  edi- 
tion, p.  279. 

To  these  prophecies  may  be  added  that  in  the 
first  book  of  Adamnan,  cap.  49 ;  the  holy  man's 
prophecy  regarding  the  battle  fought  many  years 
after  in  the  fortress  of  Cethern,  and  the  well  near 
that  place  (in  O'Donellus,  cap.  95). 

Tertius  Liber,  De  Angelicis  Visionibus.  "  The 
habit,"  writes  Moore  in  his  History  of  Ireland,  p. 
239,  "  of  invoking  and  praying  to  saints  was,  it  is 


3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  29,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


163 


evident,  general  among  the  ancient  Irish  Chris- 
tians." It  may,  however,  be  remarked  that  of 
Columba's  Hymns  (vide  Colgan.  473-76)  none  is 
addressed  to 'angels  or  saints.  Colganus,  in  his 
Trias  Thaumaturga*  (vol.ii.  of  his  Acta  Sanctorum, 
Lovanii,  1645),  mserts  four  other  Lives  of  Co- 
lumbkille,  through  whose  ministry  lona  became 
"  the  luminary  of  the  Caledonian  regions  "  :  1 . 
By  Belfortius,  pp.  321-25  ;  2.  By  Cumineus  Albus, 
325-31  ;  3.  By  Capgrave,  332-35 ;  4.  By  Magnus 
Odonellus,  389-446.  For  an  account  of  this  apostle 
of  the  Picts  see  O'Halloran's  Hist,  of  Ireland,  ii. 
c.  5 ;  Ussher's  Britann.  Ecclesiar.  Antiq.,  cap.  v. ; 
and  Stevenson's  edition  of  Bede's  Historia  Eccle- 
siastica,  cap.  iv.,  where  the  reader  is  referred  also 
to  Dr.  O'Connor's  Notanda  de  S.  Columba, 

Adamnan's  other  work,  viz.  De  Locis  Sanctis 
is  printed  in  Mabillonii  Acta,  Ssec.  iii.  499-522. 
This  Itinerary  (which  was  also  published  in  Gret- 
ser's  works)  furnished  Bede  with  his  principal 
memorials,  de  Locis  Sanctis.  Cf.  his  Hist.  Eccles. 
lib.  v.  c  .16  ;  Hist.  Litteraire  de  la  France,  iii.  650; 
Struvii  Bibl.  Histor.  i.  part  n. ;  Basnagii  Obs.  in 
Canisii  Lect.  i.  675  ;  Fabricius,  Vossius,  vol.  iv. 

In  the  Annals  of  the  Kingdom  of  Ireland  by  the 
Four  Masters  (ad  annum  703)  are  the  following 
remarks,  with  which  I  must  conclude  :  — 

Of  Adamnan's  works  we  have  still  remaining  — 

1.  His  Vita   Columbae,   which  is   a  remarkable 
piece  of  biography,  in  the  purest  style  of  Latin 
then  in  use.     Mr.  Pinkerton  says  that,  "  among 
the  Irish  writers,  Adamnan  has  given  in  the  Life 
of  Columba  the  most  complete  piece  of  biography 
that  all  Europe  can  boast  of,  not  only  at  so  early 
a  period,  but  through  the  whole  middle  ages." 

2.  His  account  of  the  holy  places  in  Judea,  from 
the  relation   of  Arculph,  a  French  bishop,  and 
which  he  presented  to  King  Alfred.     An  abridge- 
ment of  this  was  given  by  Bede,  but  Mabillon  has 
published  it  at  full  length.     There'are  other  prose 
tracts  and  poems  in  Irish,  which  are  ascribed  to 
him,  but  these  have  not  yet  been  published  or 
translated.  BIBLIOTHECAR.  CHETHAM. 


SCOTT'S  "LAY  OF  THE  LAST  MINSTREL." 

In  the  fifth  note  to  his  first  canto  of  The  Lay  of 
the  Last  Minstrel,  Sir  Walter  Scott  quotes  a  short 
Latin  poem  from  the  Heroes  ex  omni  Historia 
Scottica  of  John  Jonston,  which,  in  Longman's 
edition,  1816,  and  probably  in  other  editions,  is 
misprinted  and  mispunctuated,  so  as  to  be  un- 
translatable. I  have  collated  it  with  the  original 

o 

*  This  is  evidentl}'  the  original  of  the  rare  work  men- 
tioned by  Lowndes,  s.  v.  Patrick,  viz.,  "  The  Life  of  the 
glorious  Bishop  St.  Patricke,  Apostle  and  Primate  of  Ire- 
land, together  with  the  Lives  of  the  Holy  Virgin  St. 
Bridget,  and  of  the  glorious  Abbot  St.  Coluinbe,  Patrons 
of  Ireland." 


in  the  British  Museum,  and  should  be  glad  if  you 
would  assist  me  in  my  wish  to  do  Jonston  what  is 
but  bare  justice.  I  have  also  taken  the  liberty  of 
accompanying  the  Latin  text  with  an  attempt 
between  translation  and  imitation,  which  is  at  your 
service :  — 

"VALTEIUCS   SCOTUS   B.VLCLUCHIUS. 

"  Egregio  suscepto  facinore,  Kbertate  Regis,  ac  aliis  reins 
gestis  darus,  s>ib  Jacobo  V.    A°  Christi  1526. 
"  Intentata  aliis,  nullique  audita  priorum 

Audet :  nee  pavidum  Morsve  Metusve  quatit. 
Libertatem  aliis  soliti  transcribere  Reges : 
Subreptam  hanc  Regi  restituisse  paras. 
Si  vincis,  quanta  6  succedunt  prsemia  dextra; ! 

Sin  victus,  falsas  spes  jace,  pone  animam. 
Hostica  vis  nocuit :  stant  altae  robora  mentis, 
Atque  decus.    Vincet,  Rege  probante,  fides. 
Insita  queis  animis  virtus,  quosque  acrior  ardor 
Obsidet,  obscuris  nox  premat  an  tenebris  ?  " 

Heroes  ex  omni  Historia  Scottica  lectissimi, 
Auctore  Johan.  Jonstonio,  Abredonense 
Scoto,  1603. 

Sir  Walter  Scott,  Lord  of  Buccleuch,  in  obedi- 
ence to  a  command  by  letter  from  James  V.,  then 
a  minor,  attempted  to  rescue  him  out  of  the  cus- 
tody of  the  Earl  of  Angus,  and  the  other  Doug- 
lasses. 

An  Imitation  of  the  Latin  Verses  of  John  Jonston. 

Things  not  essayed  by  others — generous  things 
Unparalleled  he  perils ;  Fate  and  Fear 
Assault  his  soul,  but  fail  to  triumph  there ; 

And  freedom,  wont  to  be  the  gift  of  kings, 

If  conqueror,  to  his  sovereign  Buccleuch  brings : 
(Rich  thy  reward,  0  loyal  succourer!) 
If — Hope  a  traitoress — conquered — then,  Despair 

Pays  the  life  forfeit  for  high  venturings. — 

Against  him  goes  the  battle;  still,  to  yield 
The  sanguine  honours  of  "  The  Skirmish  Field  " 

Needs  not  the  knight  who  takes  a  prince's  part ! 
With  either  issue,  his  young  lord's  appeal 
He  brought  the  bravery  of  his  blood  to  seal — 

And  only  shades,  not  darkness,  sweep  his  heart. 

JOHN  HENNING. 

2,  Princes  Street,  Bedford  Row,  W.C. 


Minav  &ate$. 

QUAINT  SUBNAMES.  —  On  arriving  here  a  few 
days  since  I  was  particularly  struck  with  the  sin- 
gularity of  the  surnames  of  tradesmen  and  others. 
I  noted  a  few  at  the  time,  the  equal  of  which  I 
think  it  would  be  hard  to  find  during  an  hour's 
stroll  in  any  other  town  of  13,000  inhabitants  in 
England.  The  following  is  the  list :  — 

Bugg,  Boby,  Bear,  Shave,  Sneezum,  Flint,  Steel, 
Cobbell  (shoemaker),  Balaam,  Grief,  Death,  Nunn, 
Guy,  Ion,  Tubbs,  Plane,  Last,  Hoy,  Glew,  Quant, 
Image,  Prigg,  Pyman,  Crick,  Sore,  Stiff",  Crack, 
Scotcher,  Simper,  Catchpole,  Gathercole,  Mother- 
sole,  Mulley,  Boore,  Ramsbottom,  Rainbird,  Mid- 
dleditch,  Sitwell,  Nice,  Stotter,  Seakens,  Wing, 
Perfect.  JAMES  PITT. 

Burv  St.  Edmunds. 


164 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ra  S.  IV.  A0G/29,  '63. 


HUMAN  STATUKE:  A  NOTE  FOR  ARTISTS. — Mr. 
Carlisle,  in  one  of  his  Lectures  on  Anatomy  at  the 
Royal  Academy  in  1809,  stated  — 

"  That  artists  might  represent  the  natural  stature  of 
ancient  heroes  more  correctly,  the  professor  observed, 
that  men  living  by  the  sea  coast,  and  in  level  counties, 
were  larger  in  their  stature  than  inhabitants  of  moun- 
tainous regions." — Universal  Magazine  for  January,  1810, 
No.  56. 

W.  P. 

WINKFIELD  PARISH  REGISTERS. — The  registers 
of  the  parish  of  Winkfield,  in  the  county  of  Berks, 
begin  in  1564,  and  appear  to  be  complete  up  to 
present  time.  In  the  Register  of  Baptisms  for  the 
year  1 657,  occurs  this  notice  :  — 

"Jonas  Dee  of  the  Parish  of  Winkfield,  in  the  county 
of  Berks,  is  nominated  by  the  Parishioners,  and  approved 
by  two  of  the  next  Justices  of  the  Peace  of  the  said 
county,  to  be  the  Parish  Registrer  according  to  an  Act  of 
Parliament  bearinge  date  the  24th  of  August,  1653,  and 
hath  taken  his  (corporall  ?)  oth  for  the  true  registringe 
of  all  marriages,  births,  and  burialls  accordinge  to  the 
said  Act,  in  witness  wherof  we  have  hereunto  set  our 
hands  the  14th  of  December,  1653. 

"W.  HYDE, 
"W.  TRUMBULL." 

And  in  the  register  for  the  year  1653,  and  ap- 
parently in  the  same  handwriting  as  the  preceding 
and  subsequent  entries  occurs  the  following  :  — 

"  The  14th  of  Dasamber  Jonas  Dee  was  mad  the  parish 
ragstr,  1653.  By  thos  to  Jasteses  W.  Hid  and  W.  Trom- 
ball." 

The  following  entry  is  found  in  a  different  hand- 
writing: — 

"William  Wheatly,  sonn  of  William  and  Elenor 
Wheatly,  was  baptized  the  29«>  of  August,  1660." 

One  other  entry  occurs,  apparently  in  the  same 
handwriting;  but  the  following  entries  appear, 
from  the  general  character  of  the  handwriting  and 
orthography,  to  have  been  made  by  the  same  per- 
son ^  who  officiated  in  the  capacity  of  registrar 
during  the  Commonwealth.  C.  J.  ELLIOTT. 

Winkfield  Vicarage. 

WILLIAM  BOLLEN,  M.D.  —  Mr.  Seton's  Scottish 
Heraldry  is  decidedly  a  work  of  merit,  but  I  am 
surprised  to  find  in  it  a  remarkable  error.  At 

B480  reference  is  made  to  the  Moral  Dialogue  of 
r.  Boleyn,  published  in  1564,  and  he  is  called 
brother  of  Queen  Anne.  Doubtless  the  person  in- 
tended is  William  Bullen,  M.D.  (of  whom  there 
is  a  memoir  in  Cooper's  Athena  Cantabrigienses, 
vol.  i.  341.)  I  do  not  believe  that  he  was  in  any 
way  related  to  Queen  Anne  Boleyn,  and  I  never 
heard  that  she  had  any  other  brother  than 
George  Viscount  Rochford,  beheaded  June  17, 
1536.  S.  Y.  R. 

"  THREE  LETTERS  ON  ITALY  :  "  DR.  MATTHEW 
HUTTON,  RECTOR  OF  AYNHOE.  — Your  work  (1st 
S.  xi.  424)  contains  an  inquiry  which  is  duly  in- 
dexed, as  to  the  authorship  of  Three  Letters  con- 


cerning the  present  State  of  Italy,  written  in  the 
year  1687. 

In  an  unindexed  reply  which  appeared  shortly 
afterwards  (1st  S.  xi.  495),  it  is  stated  that  in  a 
copy  of  the  work,  in  the  library  of  Trinity  College, 
Dublin,  is  a  note  in  the  handwriting  of  Archbishop 
Palliser,  attributing  the  authorship  to  a  Dr.  Hut- 
ton.  We  consider  it  probable  that  the  Dr.  Hut- 
ton  mentioned  in  this  note  was  Matthew  Hutton, 
D.D.,  some  time  Fellow  of  Brasenose  College, 
Oxford,  and  afterwards  rector  of  Aynhoe  in  Nor- 
thamptonshire. He  was  a  skilful  and  most  indus- 
trious antiquary,  and  died  June  27,  1711,  set.  72. 
As  to  him  see  "N.  &  Q."  2na  S.  vi.  234; 
Bridges's  Northamptonshire,  i.  139,  141  ;  Abp. 
Button's  Correspondence,  46,  47,  49  ;  Life  of  An- 
thony a  Wood  (ed.  1848),  91,  154,  155  ;  Gough's 
Topogr.  i.  412 ;  ii.  422 ;  Nichols's  Lit.  Anecd.  i. 
87;  and  Nichols's  Ulustr.  of  Lit.  iv.  77. 

It  is  said  that  he  never  published  anything,  but 
this  may  mean  only  that  he  never  affixed  his  name 
to  any  publication.  Wood,  with  whom  he  was 
intimate,  appears  not  to  have  known  that  he  was 
an  author.  We  observe  that  the  compiler  of  the 
index  to  Nichols's  Literary  Anecdotes  has  con- 
founded him  with  Matthew  Hutton,  Archbishop 
of  York.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

DR.  DON,  DEAN  OF  NORWICH.  — Mr.  Spedding, 
in  his  Letters  and  Life  of  Francis  Bacon  (ii.  273, 
note),  cites  a  letter  to  Lord  Thomas  Howard, 
Constable  of  the  Tower  of  London,  wherein  it  is 
stated,  that  the  chaplain  of  the  Earl  of  Essex 
"being  evil  at  ease,  Dr.  Don,  Dean  of  Norwich,  is 
sent  unto  him  to  attend  him  there."  I  think  Mr. 
Spedding  must  have  known  that  the  then  Deaa 
of  Norwich  was  Dr.  Thomas  Dove,  afterwards 
Bishop  of  Peterborough,  and  I  consequently  con- 
sider that  he  ought  to  have  given  a  note  to  that 
effect  I  may  add,  that  "  Don,  Dr.,  Dean  of  Nor- 
wich," occurs  in  Mr.  Spedding's  index. 

S.  Y.  R. 

CHRISTIAN  NAMES  OF  AUTHORS.  —  The  prac- 
tice of  suppressing  the  Christian  name  of  an  au- 
thor is  as  inconvenient  as  it  is  absurd.  There  was- 
lately  acquired  by  a  large  library  a  Narrative  of 
the  late  War  in  New  Zealand,  by  Lieut.-Col.  Carey, 
C.B.,  Deputy  Adjutant- General.  Lond.  12mo. 
1863.  The  librarian  felt  it  to  be  his  duty  to  as- 
certain Lieut.-Col.  Carey's  Christian  name,  in 
order  that  his  catalogue  might  be  as  correct  as 
possible.  On  referring  to  the  Army  List  he  could 
not  discover  any  Lieut.-Col.  Carey  amongst  the 
Deputy-Adjutants  General.  He  then  looked  to 
the  Lieut-Colonels,  and  found  amongst  them  no 
less  than  three  Careys  (George  Jackson,  Francis, 
and  Robert)  ;  but  of  these  only  one  (Robert)  was 
stated  to  be  C.B.  He  therefore  entered  the  book 
in  the  catalogue  under  "Carey,  Robert."  He 


3«»  S.  IV.  AUG.  29,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


165 


feels  satisfied  that  he  is  right,  but  it  may  be  that, 
after  all  his  trouble,  he  is  mistaken. 

The  Colonels,  Captains,  Doctors,  Misters,  and 
Misses,  who  suppress  their  .Christian  names,  stand 
very  little  chance  of  getting  into  any  Biographi- 
cal Dictionary,  and  must  expect  to  be  confounded 
in  catalogues  with  persons  with  whom  they  have 
,  no  affinity.  S.  Y.  R. 

SPPRGEON  AND  GEORGE  HERBERT. — In  one  of 
his  earlier  (printed)  sermons,  Mr.  Spurgeon  stated 
that  the  word  "  Jesu  "  or  "  lesu,"  meant  "  I  ease 
you."  In  another  published  sermon  he  stated 
that  chickens  were  more  grateful  than  many 
human  beings ;  for,  that  they  never  drank  without 
afterwards  lifting  up  their  heads  to  heaven.  Per- 
haps Mr.  Spurgeon  has  studied  George  Her- 
bert, and  has  metamorphosed  some  of  his  quaint 
thoughts.  The  latter  thus  concludes  his  brief 
poem  "  Jesu : "  — 

"  I  sat  me  down  to  spell  them,  and  perceived, 
That  to  my  broken  heart  he  was  I  EASE  YOU, 
And  to  my  whole  is  JESU." 

And  in  his  poem  of  "  Man's  Medley,"  he  has  this 
verse :  — 

"  Not  that  he  may  not  here 

Taste  of  the  cheer ; 

But  as  birds  drink,  and  straight  lift  up  their  head ; 
So  must  he  sip,  and  think 

Of  better  drink 
He  may  attain  to,  after  he  is  dead." 

CUTHBERT  BEDE. 


ABUSE    OF    THE    STEWART'S  TABLE:    SIEGE 
OF  CARTHAGENA:  SQUINTING  VENUS,  ETC. 

At  the  sale  of  the  library  of  the  late  Charles 
Kirkpatrick  Sharpe,  Esq.,  which  contained  a  great 
number  of  exceedingly  curious  books,  in  many  of 
which  the  owner  had  written  notes,  there  was  a 
volume  of  tracts  which  ultimately  fell  into  my 
hands,  the  articles  composing  which  I  should  very 
much  like  to  obtain  information  about.  The  first 
is  "  A  Treatise  on  the  Use  and  Abuse  of  the 
Second,  commonly  called  the  Stewart's,  Table  in 
Families  of  the  first  Rank.  In  four  parts,  &c." 
It  is  printed  at  London  "  for  the  Author,  and 
sold  by  Mr.  Cooper,  the  Bottom  of  Clarges  Street, 
Piccadilly,  and  by  all  the  Booksellers  in  London 
and  Westminster.  (Price  Qd.)  8vo." 

It  is  inscribed  to  the  memory  of  the  Right 
Honourable  the  L — d  E — o,  who  died  in  the 
year  1740.  This  noble  personage,  whoever  he 
was,  is  represented  in  the  body  of  the  tract  (p.  49) 
as  having  his  establishment  in  the  county  of  Sur- 
rey:— 

"  He  was,  when  living,  his  own  steward,  had  one  ox, 
four  sheep,  and  one  calf  all  eaten  up  in  his  house  every 
week ;  he  seldom  came  to  town  but  when  the  business  ol 
his  king  and  county  called  him  thither.  By  being  his 


own  steward,  he  left  so  large  an  estate  that  his  successor 
employed  four  to  look  after  it,  who  soon  reduced  it  to  so 
low  an  ebb,  that  the  present  possessor  has  been  obliged 
to  put  it  to  nurse ;  and  he  himself  makes  five  saucers 
supply  the  place  of  forty  substantial  dishes." 

The  tract  itself  is  a  singular  record  of  the  ex- 
travagance of  the  menials  in  great  families ;  all 
their  tricks  are  pointed  out  with  infinite  minute- 
ness, and  it  is  full  of  pithy  and  useful  remarks. 
It  would  be  desirable  to  learn  who  the  pattern 
nobleman  was,  as  well  as  the  individual  who  re- 
cords his  virtues. 

The  next  article  is  a  "  Journal  of  the  Expe- 
dition to  Carthagena,  with  Notes,  in  Answer  to  a 
late  Pamphlet,  entitled  An  Account  of  the  Expe- 
dition to  Carthagena"  London,  1744.  8vo,  pp.  39, 
with  four  pages  of  title  and  advertisement.  Smol- 
lett wrote  an  account  of  the  siege,  not  included  in 
his  works.  Is  this  the  answer  ?  Where  can  a  copy 
of  Smollett's  pamphlet  be  seen  ? 

The  last  tract  worthy  of  notice  in  the  volume  is 
one  of  a  very  odd  description,  bearing  the  title  of 
"  Great  News  from  Hell,  or  the  Devil  foiled  by 
Bess  Weatherby,  in  a  letter  from  the  late  cele- 
brated Miss  Betty  Wemyss,  the  little  Squinting 
Venus,  to  the  no  less  celebrated  Miss  Lucy 
C[pope]r."  London,  1760,  8vo,  pp.  62. 

Mr.  Sharpe,  in  a  MS.  note,  observes,  that  the 
last  mentioned  female  figures  in  Dr.  D  odd's  novel 
of  The  Sisters  under  the  name  of  Miss  Repook. 
He  says*  nothing,  however,  either  about  the 
Squinting  Venus  or  Bess  Weatherby,  who  from 
the  text,  appears  to  have  been  a  tavern-keeper  of 
note  at  the  time,  much  patronised  by  the  "  fast " 
gentry  of  both  sexes.  It  is  full  of  all  kinds  of 
scandal.  It  contains  the  following  attack  upon 
Whitfield,  who  is  described  as  preaching  in  a  con- 
venticle, — 

"  Mounted  aloft  in  a  rostrum,  raving  and  bellowing 
like  a  mad  ox  to  about  threescore  old  decrepid  men  and 
women,  who  were  humming  and  turning  up  their  eyes 
at  his  pious  ejaculations  with  all  the  devotion  imaginable. 
The  subject  of  his  discourse,  I  remember,  was  upon  pu- 
rity of  heart  (a  very  pretty  creature  to  handle  a  subject 
of  .this  sort).  He  very  often,  to  convey  his  strong  idea 
of  purity,  made  use  of  the  compound  expressions  '  milk- 
white  righteousness,' '  sky -nurtured  piety,' '  dove-coloured 
goodness.'  In  endeavouring  to  show  the  necessity  of 
what  he  called  saving  faith,  he  said  it  was  as  much  im- 
possible for  a  good  Christian  to  live  without  it,  as  it  was 
for  a  fish  to  live  upon  treacle  (a  charming  simile  indeed) ; 
and  in  exhorting  his  long-chin'd  congregation  to  repent- 
ance, he  bid  them  always  be  ready,  for '  who  knows,'  says 
he, '  but  the  day  of  judgment  may  come  by  night? ' " 

J.  M. 


ARMS.— Wanted,  family  for  the  following  arms. 
They  occur  on  an  isolated  brass  shield  on  the  E. 
wall  of  the  N.  chancel  aisle  of  Allhallows  Barking. 
No  inscription  remains.  It  is  presumed  the  shield 
has  been  recovered  from  some  lost  monument, 
and  placed  on  the  wall  for  preservation :  — 


166 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV   AUG.  29, '63. 


"  Quarterly.  1st.  Ermine,  three  battle-axes  erect,  in  a 
bordure  engrailed  or.  2nd.  Party  per  pale,  argent  and 
sable,  an  eagle  displayed  with  two  heads,  countercharged 
and  gorged  with  a  ducal  coronet,  gules.  3rd.  Or,  2  demi- 
lions  passant  gardant  in  pale  gules.  4th.  Sable  on  a  fesse 
or,  3  escallop-shells  gules.  A  martlett  in  the  centre  for 
a  difference." 

JUXTA  TURRIM. 

WILLIAM  ACRERELL.  —  In  London  Scenes  mid 
London  People,  by  Aleph,  pp.  142 — 146,  mention 
is  made  of  William  Aurerell,  merchant  taylor, 
clerk  of  S.  Peter  upon  Cornhill,  and  master  of  the 
ancient  grammar  school  of  St.  Peter.  The  dates 
respecting  him  range  from  1592  to  1603,  with  the 
exception  of  the  death  or  burial  of  Gillian,  his 
wife,  which  is  recorded  as  having  taken  place 
Feb.  20,  1525.  In  this  latter  date  there  is  obvi- 
ously a  misprint.  Perhaps  Aleph  will  kindly  give 
the  exact  date  in  your  columns,  and  also  inform 
your  readers  when  William  Aurerell  himself  died. 

S.  Y.  R. 

"  THE  BAKAVALGHITA,"  ETC.  —  I  am  at  present 
engaged  in  making  as  full  a  Catalogue  as  I  can  of 
of  a  collection  of  ancient  Egyptian  and  Eastern 
curiosities,  of  which  I  have  only  a  rough  list.  I 
now  and  then  get  very  much  puzzled  over  a  word 
or  name,  and  cannot  find  any  of  the  curiosities  to 
which  I  can  with  reason  assign  it.  So  I  must  beg 
some  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  to  tell  me  :  — 

1.  What  is  "the  Bakavalghita  in  Sanskrit?" 

2.  "  The  Ban  (or  Ban)  of  the  Hindoos,  the 
ark  silver  ?  " 

3.  "  The  Boldifout  from  Ashantee  ?  " 

4.  "  An  abraxas,  the  two  genders  ?  " 

There  is  also  among  the  modern  Egyptian 
things,  "  a  gold  casket  with  kohol."  This  kohol  I 
consider  to  be  a  black  sort  of  unguent,  used  by  the 
women  for  darkening  their  eyes.  But  I  always 
thought  that  the  Arabic  word  kohol  meant  devil ; 
and  have  often  at  lectures  heard  the  derivation 
of  alcohol  given  as  the  exclamation  of  the  Arabic 
chemist  who  discovered  it  pure ;  on  finding  it  to 
be  an  inflammable  water,  he  of  course  attributed 
it  to  some  magic,  and  cried  out  "  Al  kohol ! " 
MR.  T.  J.  BUCKTON  (3rd  S.  iii.  155)  derives  alco- 
hol from  other  sources.  I  do  not  pretend  to  say 
he  may  be  wrong,  but  the  derivation  I  mention  is 
certainly  telling  in  a  lecture.  JOHN  DAVIDSON. 

BENEDICT  XIV. — I  find  the  following  anecdote 
told  of  this  pope,  and  should  be  glad  to  know  if  it 
is  authentic :  — On  the  death  of  Clement  XII.  the 
cardinals  were  a  long  time  deliberating  on  the 
choice  of  a  successor.  Lambertini,  by  way  of 
quickening  them,  said,  "  Why  do  you  waste  your 
time  in  discussions  ?  If  you  wish  for  a  saint  elect 
Gotti ;  a  politician,  choose  Aldrovandus ;  a  good 
companion,  take  me."  This  sally  pleased  them  so 
much  that  they  elected  him  at  once.  He  cultivated 
letters,  encouraged  men  of  learning,  and  was  a 
liberal  patron  of  the  Fine  Arts ;  and  would,  there- 


fore, have  read  "  N.  &  Q."  had  he  lived  a  century 
later.  WM.  DAVIS. 

BIARITZ.  —  King  John  being  at  Oreval  on  the 
6th  of  September,  in  the  first  year  of  his  reign, 
A.D.  1199,  assured  by  charter  to  Vitalis  de  Villa 
an  annual  rent  of  fifty  livres  Angevin,  arising  from 
two  whales  "  in  portu  de  Beiarifr,"  by  way  of  ex- 
change for  a  certain  rent  which  he  held  under  a 
grant  from  Richard  Coeur  de  Lion,  arising  out  of 
the  drying  of  fish  in  the  islands  of  Guernsey  and 
Jersey.  See  Rot.  Chartarum  de  anno  Regni  Regis 
Johannis  primo.  What  was  the  place  described  in 
the  charter  as  "  portus  de  Beiarid  "  ?  Could  it  be 
the  Biaritz  now  known  as  the  favourite  bathing 
place'of  the  Empress  Eugenie  ?  P.  S.  CAREY. 

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL  QUERIES.  —  1.  Heywood's 
Woman  Killed  with  Kindness,  the  first  edition, 
1607,  third  edition,  1617.  Query,  date  of  second 
ed.  ? — 2.  An  Half epenny- worth  of  Wit  in  a  Penny- 
worth  of  Paper.  Of  this  the  first  edition  seems  to 
have  appeared  in  1607, 4to,  under  the  title  of  Robin 
the  Devil,  his  two  Pennyworth  of  Wit  in  Halfa- 
penni-worth  of  Paper.  (See  West's  Catalogue, 
1773,  No.  1821.)  The  third  impression  was  pub- 
lished under  the  first-quoted  title  in  1613.  Query, 
date  and  title  of  second  ed.  ? — 3.  Memoirs  of  the 
Right  Villainous  John  Hall.  First  edition  1708, 
4th  edit.  1714.  Query,  dates  of  second  and  third 
editions  ?  W.  CAREW  HAZLITT. 

BILLS  OF  MORTALITY.  —  Where  can  I  find  an 
account  of  the  number  of  parishes  contained 
under  this  heading  ?  The  maps  of  London  used  to 
show  the  limits,  but  now  discontinued ;  and  some 
old  ones  I  looked  at  do  not  extend  sufficiently 
far  on  all  sides  to  contain  them.  W.  P. 

COINCIDENCE  OF  BIRTH  AND  DEATH. — In  earlier 
times,  when  horoscopes  were  made  a  matter  of 
study,  and  nativities,  as  a  matter  of  business,  were 
cast — when  astrology  was  cultivated  as  a  science, 
and  patronised  alike  by  the  courtier  and  the 
peasant — things  which  pass  unnoticed  in  these 
days  of  hurry  and  bustle  were  jotted  down  as 
remarkable  facts,  and  deemed  worthy  of  special 
notice.  Exempli  gratia:  a  contemporary  MS., 
relating  the  decease  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  con- 
tinues as  follows :  — 

"  After  languishing  three  weeks,  she  departed  the  24th 
of  this  present  (March)  being  our  Ladie's  eve,  between 
two  and  three  in  the  morning ;  as  she  was  born  on  our 
Ladie's  eve  in  September.  And  as  one  Lee  was  mayor  of 
London  when  she  came  to  her  crowne,  so  is  there  one 
Lee  mayor  now  that  she  left  it." 

The  same  fatality  is  said  to  have  occurred  in 
the  birth  and  death  of  our  greatest  writer,  whose 
tercentary  festival  rapidly  approaches  ;  but  I  be- 
lieve in  this  case  the  statement  rests  only  upon 
tradition.  In  the  course  of  discursive  reading  I 
have,  I  feel  certain,  met  with  many  other  in- 
stances. Probably  some  of  your  readers,  with  a 


S.  IV.  AUG.  29,  ;G3.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


167 


more  retentive  memory  than,  myself,  may  be  able 
to  supply  them.  O.  O. 

VINCENT  COOK(! st  S. x.  127 ;  xi.  1 34.)— The  com- 
munications which  have  appeared  in  your  columns 
on  the  subject  of  Vincent  Cook  appear  to  me 
somewhat  ambiguous ;  therefore  I  am  induced  to 
ask — Who  was  Vincent  Cook?  When  did  he 
flourish,  or  die  ?  Was  he  an  Englishman  ? 

S.  Y.  K. 

DRAMAS. — Is  anything  known  of  the  authorship 
of  the  following  anonymous  dramas  (not  in  the 
Biographia  Dramatical),  which  I  find  in  the  Sale 
Catalogue  of  W.  B.  Rhodes,  &c.  ?  — 

1.  The  Fancy,  a  Comedy  as  it  was  acted  between  two 
Jamaica  Families  during  the  time  they  resided  in  London 
until  they  returned  to  their  own  Country.    1744. 

2.  Dramatic  Dialogue  between  the  King  of  France  and 
the  Pretender.    (174?)  4to. 

3.  The  Road  to  Ridicule.    Oxford.    1799. 

4.  Ton  and  Antiquity.    Oxford.    1798. 
[These  two  are  probably  by  the  same  author/] 

5.  Palaophron  and  Neoterpe,  a  Masque  for  the  Festival 
of  24th  October,  1800.  Weimar.  1801.    4to. 

6.  Xoradin ;  or,  The  Lamps  of  Fate,  a  Dramatic  Poem, 
1809. 

7.  Physic  and  Delusion,  a  Farce,  1814. 

8.  The  Druid,  or  a  Vision  of  Fingal,  1815. 

9.  Hengist,  a  Melo-drama,  1816. 

10.  Joseph  and  Benjamin,  or  Little  Demetrius  tossed  in 
a  Blanket,  a  (Political?)  Farce,  1717. 

Also  the  three  following  American  pieces':  — 

1.  A  Cure  for  the  Spleen,  a  dramatic  piece,  1775. 

2.  The  Battle  of  Brooklyn,  a  Farce.    New  York,  1776. 

3.  Knight  of  the  Rum 'Bottle  &  Co.,  or,  The  Speech- 
makers,  a  Farce,  N.  York,  1818. 

R.  INGLIS. 

EXPLANATION  OF  WOKDS  WANTED.— Required 
the  meaning  of  the  following  terms,  used  in  the 
will  of  Eleanor  Bohun,  Duchess  of  Buckingham 
(printed  in  Nichols's  Royal  Wills,  p.  177.) 

"A  ma  file  Anne  un  espiner  de  linge  drap." — "  Bordures 
les  costees  de  Accuby  vermaill  et  enbroudes  et  tout  entour 
par  anal  sans  enbrodure." — "  ij  pare  lincheux  de  reyn, 
run  paire  de  iij  forall." — "Item,  xii  esqueks" — "Item, 
un  hanap  d'argent  enorres  coveres  ponsonez  ove  resones 
de  averill." — "  xij  quitters  d'argent." — "  Item,  un  livre  de 
vertus  et  de  vices."  [What  book  was  this?] 

Roquefort's  Glossaire  de  la  Langue  JRomane 
does  not  explain  any  of  the  above  words.  Is 
there  any  Dictionary  of  monkish  Latin  ? 

HERMENTRUDE. 

GREEK  PHRASE., —  In  Blomfield's  Glossary  to 
JEschylus,  Agamem.  980,  he  says  he  has  seen  the 
phrase  airoatyevtiovav  TO.  xp^ara,  but  forgets  where. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  supply  the  place  ?  Sca- 
pula, and  Scott  and  Liddell,  furnish  examples  of 
the  one  in  Lucian  and  Diodorus  Siculus;  but 
neither  of  them  is  the  one  in  question.  Scott  and 
Liddell  seem  to  refer  also  to  a  passage  in  Plu- 
tarch, but  it  is  not  specified,  and  here  I  have  no 
index  to  Plutarch.  LYTTELTON. 


HUME.  —  The  Rev.  Patrick  Logan,  father  of 
James,  married  Isabel  Hume.  The  Humes  bein^ 
a  family  so  well  known  in  Scotland,  it  is  not  im- 
possible that  some  of  your  readers  may  be  able  to 
inform  me  whose  daughter  Isabel  was.  Si.T. 

KASTNER,  OR  CASTNER  ARMS. — Can  any  one  in- 
form me  where  I  can  find  the  coat  of  arms  of  the 
family  of  "  Kastner,"  or  "  Castner  "  ?  They  ori- 
ginally came  from  Leipsic,  Germany,  I  believe. 

S.  CASTNER,  Jun. 

212,  Walnut  Street,  Philadelphia. 

REV.  J.  KING  OF  HULL  (1st  S.  xi.  292)— We 
presume  the  gentleman  here  mentioned  to  have 
been  the  Rev.  John  King,  referred  to  incidentally 
as  being  dead  in  1830,  in  the  Gent.  Mag.,  c.  (2), 
451. 

We  shall  be  glad  to  be  informed  of  the  date  of 
his  death  and  his  age  ;  and  to  have  particulars  of 
the  date,  size,  &c.,  of  the  volume  of  Sermons  to 
which  your  correspondent  H.  MARTIN  alludes. 

What  was  his  relationship  to  the  Rev.  John 
King,  who  was  appointed  perpetual  curate  of 
Christ  Church,  Hull,  in  or  about  1822  ;  and  who 
died  April  12,  1859,  aged  sixty-nine  ? 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

KNAPSACKS. — When  were  these  first  served 
out  to  the  British  army  ?  GRENADE. 

KNIGHTS  OF  MALTA. — Major  Porter  in  his  Ap- 
pendix to  his  History  of  the  Knights  of  Malta,  ii. 
479,  gives  a  translation  of  "  the  Deed  of  King 
Philip  and  Queen  Mary  of  England,  restoring  the 
Order  of  St.  John  in  England."  Unfortunately 
instead  of  giving  the  most  important  portion,  viz., 
the  names  of  the  manors  and  lordships  which  were 
retransferred  to  the  possession  of  the  Order, 
he  has  contented  himself  by  giving  the  names  of 
four  in  Essex,  and  three,  &c.  &c. ;  consequently 
my  query  is,  Where  is  the  original  document  pre- 
served ?  As  I  am  particularly  interested  in  Kentish 
researches,  I  would  especially  ask  what  property 
the  restored  Order  obtained  in  Kent?  The 
Countess  of  Pembroke  had  previously  to  the  Re- 
formation held  Strood,  in  Kent,  in  defiance  of  the 
Order,  although  it  should  certainly  have  been 
part  of  their  possessions. 

ALFRED  JOHN  DUNKIN. 

Dartford. 

SIR  FERDINAND  LEE.— Who  was  Sir  Ferdinand 
Lee,  Knight,  of  Middleton,  in  Yorkshire,  who 
married  Mary,  daughter  of  Frederick  Pilkington, 
Esq.,  about  the  middle  of  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury ?  Where  was  he  buried  ?  what  arms  did  he 
bear  ?  and  are  there  any  monumental  memorials 
of  himself  or  his  wife  in  existence  ?  The  Pilking- 
ton referred  to  is  believed  to  have  been  some  re- 
lation of  Dr.  Pilkington,  Bishop  of  Durham. 

F.  G.  L. 


168 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3"»  S.  IV.  AUG.  29,  '63. 


LORD  HIGH  TREASURER  OF  ENGLAND.  —  Does 
the  First  Lord  of  the  Treasury  hold  the  office 
which  went  by  the  name  of  "  Lord  High  Treasurer 
of  England  "  ?  If  so  when  was  the  name  changed  ? 
Was  not  the  Lord  High  Treasurer  the  head  of  the 
Exchequer,  not  the  Chancellor,  as  now  ?  When 
were  the  departments  made  distinct  ? 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

MSIVIUS,  ETC. — 

"  The  name  of  Bavius  occurs  only  once ;  those  of  Mse- 
vius, Aulus  Agerius,  and  Cains  Sigaeus  frequently,  yet 
we  know  not  who  they  were  nor  what  they  wrote,  except 
that  Msevius  was  a  bad  poet.  How  curious  a  few  anec- 
dotes of  their  lives  would  be,  and  a  few  specimens  of  what 
Virgil  and  Quintillian  held  to  be  bad  writing!" — The 
Enquirer,  No.  iv.,  London,  1791. 

A  reference  to  any  writer  except  Virgil,  who 
mentions  Msevius,  and  to  any  who  mention  the 
other  writers,  will  oblige.  J.  B. 

PATRICIAN  FAMILIES  OF  LOUVAIN. —  The  fol- 
lowing are  the  names  of  six  out  of  the  seven 
patrician  families  of  Louvain  :  —  Utenlimmighe, 
Calsteren,  Gielis;  Redingen,  Van-den-Steene, 
Verrusalem. 

The  name  of  the  seventh  has  escaped  me.  Can 
anyone  kindly  supply  it  ?  JOHN  WOODWARD. 

EDMUND  PRESTWICH.— Will  your  excellent  cor- 
respondents MESSRS.  COOPER  inform  me  whether 
this  person,  the  author  of  Hippolitus,  translated  out 
of  Seneca,  and  other  Poems,  London,  1651, 12mo, 
and  also  of  a  play  entitled  The  Hectors  —  was 
matriculated  at  Cambridge,  and  if  so,  whether  his 
age  and  parentage  appear?  My  friend  Canon 
Raines  considers  that  he  has  discovered  him  in 
the  pedigree  of  the  Prestwiches  of  Manchester, 
but  before  we  can  add  him  to  the  list  of  Man- 
chester poets,  some  evidence  beyond  mere  identity 
of  name  seems  to  be  required.  JAS.  CROSSLET. 

POTWALLOPING  FRANCHISE. — In  some  towns  in 
England  a  franchise  at  one  time  prevailed  which 
extended  to  something  like  manhood  suffrage,  but 
I  believe  it  was  superseded  by  the  Reform  Bill. 
It  was  not,  as  I  understand  it,  alike  in  all  cases, 
but  in  some  the  persons  possessed  of  this  privilege 
were  denominated  Potwallopers.  I  have  always 
understood  it  as  conferring  upon  every  male  per- 
son, or  head  of  a  family,  who  boiled  a  pot,  or  had 
provision  for  doing  so,  the  right  to  vote  for  a 
member  of  parliament.  I  think  it  was  so  in 
Preston,  which  borough  at  one  time  returned 
Hunt,  the  blacking  merchant  and  radical  re- 
former. Mr.  Chadwick,  in  his  Life  of  Defoe, 
defines  the  conditions  of  maintaining  the  franchise 
rather  differently  to  what  I  understand  them.  In 
a  note,  p.  276,  he  says  :  — 

"  The  election  of  members  of  Parliament  by  the  pot- 
walloping  franchise  is  this: —That  every  inhabitant, 
whether  housekeeper  or  lodger,  who  has  a  fire  to  dress 
his  own  victuals,  shall,  some  short  time  before  the  elec- 


tion, bring  out  their  pots,  and  place  them  upon  fires  in 
the  street,  and  there  boil  their  victuals  in  the  sight  of 
their  neighbours,  and  so  establish  their  votes  by  accus- 
tomed usage.  This  used  to  take  place  at  Taunton  in 
Somersetshire  ?  " 

Is  there  not  some  error  in  this?  I  know  nothing 
of  the  custom  prevailing  at  Taunton,  but  I  think 
in  other  places  the  having  a  fire-place  where  a 
pot  might  be  boiled  constituted  the  qualification, 
and  not  the  mere  act  of  openly  boiling  one  in  the 
street.  Can  any  of  your  readers  say  whether 
these  special  privileges,  belonging  to  only  a  few 
places,  and  some  of  them  very  insignificant  in 
point  of  population  or  commercial  importance, 
were  conferred  by  Act  of  Parliament,  or  by  royal 
charter  ?  In  the  case  of  Greenock,  in  Scotland, 
where  the  franchise  was  universal,  I  believe  it 
was  conferred  by  charter.  T.  B. 

THE  PSEUDO-SHAKSPEARE  CONFESSION. — 

"  Sir,  We  have  very  fine  passages  in  our  Church  Service, 
and  pur  Litany  abounds  with  beauties;  but  here,  Sir, 
here  is  a  man  who  has  distanced  us  all." 

These  words  are  stated  by  Ireland  in  his  Con- 
fessions, "as  far  as  my  recollection  can  recall  the 
circumstance,"  to  have  been  uttered  by  Dr.  Parr, . 
after  hearing,  in  company  with  Dr.  Warton,  the 
forged  "  Profession  of  Faith  "  of  Shakespeare. 

Has  not  the  fact  been  disputed?  if  so,  when 
and  where  ?  /3. 

SIR  WALTER  RALEIGH'S  SKULL. — Bishop 
Goodman,  in  his  History  of  his  Own  Times,  vol.  i. 
p.  69,  in  speaking  of  Raleigh,  says  :  — 

"  No  man  doth  honour  the  memory  of  Sir  Walter 
Kaleigh  and  his  excellent  parts  more  than  myself;  and 
in  token  thereof,  I  know  where  his  skull  is  kept  to  this 
day,  and  I  have  kissed  it." 

Is  anything  known  concerning  this  skull?  into 
whose  possession  it  originally  fell,  and  where  it 
was  kept  in  Goodman's  time ;  also  what  became 
of  it  subsequently  ?  *  A.  D. 

PETER  PAUL  RUBENS. — Did  Peter  Paul  Rubens 
ever  receive  the  order  of  the  Golden  Fleece  ?  If 
so,  where  can  I  find  the  fact  noted  ?  GATE. 

ST.  MART  OF  THE  ANNUNCIATION. — Can  any  of 
your  correspondents  inform  me  in  which  of  the 
Westons  the  church  of  St.  Mary  of  the  Annuncia- 
tion is  situate  ?  JAS.  YATES. 

"  ST.  JOHN'S  EVE."—  The  Spectator  of  July  25, 
1863,  in  noting  a  conviction  in  Ireland  on  the  20th 
instant,  for  taking  part  in  "  an  unlawful  assembly 
on  St.  John's  Eve,"  at  Ballyvally,  co.  Down,  which 
"  unlawful  assembly  "  was  assembling  round  bon- 
fires on  that  night,— remarks,  that  the  custom  is  a 
relic  of  Baal  worship.  Is  this  the  case  ?  In  Port 
Glasgow  (and  probably  in  other  towns  in  Scot- 
land, though  I  am  not  aware  of  any)  St.  John's 


[*  See  «N.  &  Q."  2^  S.  v.  11.— ED.] 


3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  29,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


169 


Eve  is  signalised  by  a  like  celebration.  Tar-  bar- 
rels are  the  usual  fuel.  I  am  not  aware  how  many 
years  the  custom  has  been  followed,  but  the  origin 
is  beyond  the  memory  of  the  "  oldest  inhabitant." 
The  town  does  not  date  beyond  the  beginning  of 
last  century,  but  it  had  a  nucleus  in  the  old 
village  of  Newark,  a  collection  of  fisher-huts  under 
the  shadow  of  the  castle  and  barony  of  that  name. 
I  shall  be  glad  to  learn  more  of  this  custom,  and 
any  places  in  the  kingdom  where  it  still  lingers. 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

Please  preserve  the  accompanying  cutting  in 
"N.  &  Q."  See  further  on  this  subject  Ellis's 
Brands  Antiquities,  1813,  vol.  i.  pp.  241-250; 
Wiggins' s  Celtic  Druids,  1827,  p.  181;  Gentleman's 
Magazine,  1795,  vol.  L  pp.  124,  275,  462 :  — 

"  A  curious  incident  is  reported  from  Ireland.  A  num- 
ber of  Catholics  were,  on  the  20th  inst.,  sentenced  to  three 
months'  imprisonment  for  taking  part  in  '  an  unlawful 
assembly  on  St.  John's  Eve.'  The  peasantry*,  it  appears, 
of  Ballyvally,  in  Down,  have  been  accustomed  for  ages 
on  that  night  to  assemble  round  bonfires,  and  sometimes 
carry  away  live  coals  to  sprinkle  on  their  fields.  The 
ceremony  is  believed  to  be  a  relic  of  Baal  worship,  and  is 
one  of  the  oldest  superstitions  in  the  world.  Like  all  those 
which  have  survived  the  establishment  of  Christianity, 
it  is  performed  '  for  luck,' ».  e.  to  deprecate  some  unknown 
but  malignant  power.  No  genial  or  congratulatory  super- 
stition has  lasted  so  long,  but  it  seems  impossible  to  drive 
out  of  man's  heart  the  secret  notion  that  Providence  hates 
him.  Paganisms  are  all  based  at  bottom  on  that  idea." — 
Stamford  Mercury,  July  31. 

GHIME. 

SlGABEN  AND  THE  MANICHJEANS. — 

"  Sigaben  has  preserved  the  form  of  admitting  Mani- 
chaeans  to  the  church,  in  which  they  renounce  the  belief 
in  fictitious  matter,  as  well  as  the  bodies  and  exudations 
of  those  chief  angels  whom  Manes  taught  to  worship." — 
Letter  to  his  Grace  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury.  By 
Thomas  Sharpe,  M.A.  London,  1732,  p.  54. 

The  letter  is  upon  heresies  then  supposed  to 
be  dangerous.  It  is  ill-written,  but  abounds  with 
Latin  and  French  quotations.  The  above  is  very 
confused.  Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  tell  me 
who  Sigaben  was,  and  where  I  can  see  his  book  ? 

F.  H. 

TOISON  D'OR. — Which  of  the  Belgian  churches 
are  adorned  with  the  escutcheons  of  the  Knights 
of  the  Golden  Fleece  ?  I  unfortunately  forgot  to 
make  a  note  of  them.  There  is  one  at  Ghent, 
another  at  Malines,  but  I  am  in  doubt  about  those 
at  Bruges,  Antwerp,  and  Brussels. 

Perhaps  some  of  your  correspondents  can  oblige 
me  by  supplying  the  names.  JOHN  WOODWABD. 

New  Shoreham. 

"  IMPROVING  "  VANDYKE'S  PORTRAITS. — Grain- 
ger, in  his  Biographical  History,  vol.  vi.,  in  speak- 
ing of  the  fashion  of  wearing  wigs,  says :  — 

"  The  extravagant  fondness  of  men  for  this  unnatural 
ornament  is  scarce  credible.  I  have  heard  of  a  country 


jentleman  who  employed  a  painter  to  place  perriwigs 
upon  the  heads  of  several  of  Vandyke's  portraits." 

Does  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  know  of  any 
English  portrait  by  Vandyke  which  has  been 
thus  improved  or  beautified  ?  A.  D. 

WESTON  "  IN  GORDANO  ?  "  —  There  are  three 
parishes  in  Somersetshire  which  are  said  to  be  "  in 
Gordano."  As  I  have  failed  to  discover  the  mean- 
ing or  derivation  of  this  word,  I  shall  be  much 
obliged  to  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  who  will  ex- 
plain it.  H.  M.  R. 


oS  tott!) 

INSCRIPTION  AT  DEWSBURY.  —  Will  the  Editor 
of  "N.  &  Q."  be  so  kind  as  to  reprint  the  accom- 
panying in  his  columns  ?  — 

SINGULAR    INSCRIPTION. 

(To  the  Editor  of  BeWs  Weekly  Messenger.) 
Sir, — In  a  certain  churchyard  in  the  West  Riding  of 
Yorkshire,  there  is  a  tombstone  bearing  date  about  a  cen- 
tury ago,  and  after  stating  to  whose  memory  it  was 
erected,  the  following  lines  appear  upon  it.  If  any  of 
your  readers  can  interpret  the  meaning,  the  descendants 
of  the  individual  to  whose  memory  it  was  erected  will  be 
very  thankful :  — 

Lachenbetoch  hacajah  hojim  bemaveth 

Chi  Choi  habbassar  chatzir  hia.' 
If  you  will  be  kind  enough  to  give  this  a  place  in  your 
next,  you  will  much  oblige  A  READER. 

"  N.B.  The  churchyard  alluded  to  is  Dewsbury. 
"  Sept.  12, 1852." 

GHIMB. 

[The  lines,  which  appear  to  be  connected  with  some- 
thing that  goes  before,  are  Hebrew,  though  not  in  the 
Hebrew  character.  The  transmutation  (or  transcription) 
does  not  appear  to  have  been  made  by  a  very  practised 
hand.  The  sense  is — 

«  Therefore  in  the  midst  of  life  we  are  in  death, 
For  all  flesh  is  grass."] 

SPEARMAN. — I  chance  to  have  a  book,  of  which 
the  "  only  copy  known"  has  been  sold  twice 
within  the  last  twelve  years  for  12Z.  and  20/.  My 
copy  has  the  book-plate  of  "  Robert  Spearman,  of 
Oldacres,  Esq.,  Dublin."  Was  there  any  book- 
collector  of  this  name  ?  If  so,  does  a  catalogue  of 
his  books  exist  ?  A.  DE  MORGAN. 

[Robert  Spearman  of  Old- Acres,  in  the  parish  of  Sedge- 
field,  Esq.,  Durham,  is  best  known  as  the  editor  (jointly 
with  the  Rev.  Julius  Bate)  of  his  friend  Hutchinson's 
Works,  in  12  vols.  8vo,  1748-9.  Mr.  Spearman's  own 
publications  were  confined  to  An  Enquiry  after  Philosophy 
and  Theology,  Edinb.  8vo,  1755 ;  2nd  edit.  Dublin,  1757, 
8vo,  and  Letters  to  a  Friend  concerning  the  Septuagint 
Translation  and  the  Heathen  Mythology,  Ldinb.  8vo,  1759. 
Mr.  Spearman  entered  into  all  the  depths  of  the  Hutchin- 
sonian  Philosophy.  His  extensive  biblical  knowledge  and 
thorough  acquaintance  with  the  original  languages  of  the 
Scriptures,  are  acknowledged  by  many  of  his  contempo- 
raries, particularly  by  Parkhurst,  the  lexicographer.  Mr. 
Spearman  died  Oct.  20,  1761,  aged  fifty-eight.  Surtees 
Durham,  i.  96  -,  iii.  398.] 


170 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


.  AUG.  29,  '63. 


DAVID  NASMITH.  —  In  a  book,  without  date, 
called  Our  Untitled  Nobility,  by  John  Tillotson, 
is  a  memoir  of  David  Nasmith,  founder  of  the 
City  Mission.  It  appears  (1)  that  he  was  born 
March  21,  1799,  at  Glasgow;  (2)  that  he  was 
alive  in  1835 ;  (3)  that  he  died  at  Guildford.  It 
seems  rather  absurd  to  ask  when  he  died,  but  I 
am  obliged  to  do  so.  S.  Y.  R. 

[Mr.  David  Nasmith  died  at  Guildford  in  Surrey  on 
November  17,  1839.  On  the  previous  day  he  left  Lon- 
don for  Guildford  to  form  a  Town  Mission,  and  was  sud- 
denly seized  with  illness  in  the  street,  and  conveyed  to 
the  White  Hart  Inn,  where  he  expired.  He  was  buried 
in  Bunhill-fields  on  Monday,  the  25th  of  the  same  month. 
See  Memoirs  of  David  Nasmith  :  his  Labours  and  Travels 
in  Great  Britain,  France,  the  United  States,  and  Canada. 
By  John  Campbell,  D.D.  Lend.  8vo,  1844.] 

OLAUS  CELSIUS. — Where  can  I  find  an  account 
of  this  writer  ?  He  was  the  author  of  a  very  im- 
portant work  on  sacred  botany,  entitled  Hiero- 
botanicon,  Amsterdam,  8vo,  1748.  The  work  seems 
now  to  be  very  scarce.  J.  DALTON. 

[A  biographical  memoir  of  Olaus  Celsius  (born,  1670, 
died  1756),  may  be  seen  in  the  Biographic  Universelle,  vii. 
512,  edit.  1813.  There  is  also  a  Vita  Olavi  Celsii,  in  vol. 
ii.  of  the  Memoires  de  la  Societe  des  Sciences  d'Upsal,  and 
an  Eioge  d' Olaus  Celsius,  by  Abraham  Baeck,  or  Back,  a 
Swedish  physician  of  eminence.  But  we  are  not  aware 
that  either  of  these  latter  works  is  accessible  here  in  Lon- 
don.] 

LOED  HERBERT  OF  CHBRBURY.  —  Has  the  work 
of  this  distinguished  nobleman,  entitled  De  Veri- 
tate  prout  distinguitur  a  Revelatione  verisimili, 
possibili,  et  a  J "also,  been  translated  into  any  of  the 
languages  of  modern  Europe  ?  GRIME. 

[There is  a  French  translation:  "  De  la  Verite  en  tant 
qu'elle  est  distincte  de  la  Revelation,  du  Vray-semblable, 
du  Possible  et  du  Faux.  Troisieme  edition,  1639,"  4to. 
Heberfs  copy  cost  him  21.  2s.,  and  sold  for  9s.] 

LATIN  NURSERY  TALES.  —  Will  you  permit  me 
to  inquire  whether  there  are  any  Latin  versions  of 
the  old  nursery  tales  of  Tom  Thumb,  Jack  the 
Giant Kitte?',[TommyHick-a-Thrift,&.c.,  as  I  should 
be  glad  to  make  use  of  them  to  supply  the  want 
of  children's  books  as  introductory  to  the  reading 
of  that  language.  T.  H. 

[There  is  a  pleasing  and  graceful  Latin  translation  of 
Gay's  Fables  by  Christopher  Anstey,  8vo,  1777  and  1798, 
which  may  perhaps  answer  the  purpose.] 


MAPS. 
(2nd  S.  iii.  107, 198.) 

I  have  lately  read,  for  the  first  time,  the  posthu- 
mously published  Reminiscences  of  the  University 
of  Cambridge,  2  vols.  8vo,  1854,  by  the  late  Henry 
Gunning,  M.A.,  who  was  Esquire  Bedell  from 
1789  to  1854.  This  work  was  dictated  to  an 
amanuensis,  and  most  of  the  requisite  memoranda 


had  been  destroyed  many  years  before :  but  it  is 
obvious  that  recourse  was  had  to  documents  on 
many  matters,  especially  those  connected  with  law 
proceedings.  Mr.  Gunning's  book  is  accordingly 
not  a  high  authority  on  facts  of  recollection ;  but 
there  is  a  general  Cantabrigicity  about  it  which 
will  cause  it,  when  properly  understood,  to  be 
considered  as  a  valuable  diary.  The  sort  of  inac- 
curacy which  is  incident  to  reminiscences  without 
memoranda  is  well  illustrated  by  the  account  given 
of  Maps.  But  at  the  same  time  there  is  at  least 
equal  inaccuracy  in  an  account  published  in  1824, 
in  the  Gradus  ad  Cantabrigiam,  by  "  A  Brace  of 
Cantabs,"  a  flash  account  of  the  technical  terms 
of  the  University.  I  quote  first  from  this  book, 
and  then  from  Mr.  Gunning :  — 

"  MAPPESIAN  LIBRARY  founded  by  the  late  Mr.  John 
Nicholson,  alias  Maps,*  of  Trumpington  Street.  Mr. 
Maps,  if  fame  lie  not,  was  originally  by  profession,  a  stay- 
maker,  which,  strange  to  relate,  had  not  attractions  suffi- 
cient to  bind  him  to  it  long.  He  afterwards  took  to  crying 
and  hawking  of  maps  about  the  several  Colleges  in  the 
University,  whence  he  acquired  all  his  claim  to  excen- 
tricity ! ! " 

(Gunning,  i.  199.)  "An  equally  [with  Jemmy  Gor- 
don] well-known  character  in  the  University,  but  of  a 
far  different  stamp,  was  a  bookseller,  who  was  universally 
known  by  the  name  of  Maps,  though  his  only  son,  to 
whom  he  left  a  handsome  property,  discovered  he  was 
entitled  to  the  name  of  Nicholson.  When  he  first  began 
business,  he  was  a  seller  of  maps  and  pictures,  which  he 
exhibited  in  the  streets  on  a  small  movable  stall ;  but 
when  I  came  to  college  he  was  living  in  an  old-fashioned, 
but  large  and  commodious  house  belonging  to  King's 
College,  and  adjoining  to  what  was  then  the  Provost's 
Lodge.  He  had  a  very  large  stock  of  books  required  at 
college  lectures,  both  classical  and  mathematical ;  and  I 
do  not  believe  I  expended,  during  my  undergraduate- 
ship,  twenty  shillings  in  the  purchase  of  books  for  the 
lecture  room.  His  terms  of  subscription  were  5s.  3d.  per 
quarter  [term?],  but  were  afterwards  increased  to  7s.  6d. 
When  his  house  was  pulled  down  to  make  way  for  the 
screen  which  connects  the  chapel  of  King's  with  the  new 
building,  he  built  and  removed  to  the  house  now  occupied 
by  Macmillan.  He  was  indefatigable  in  pursuit  of  busi- 
ness, and  was  to  be  seen  most  part  of  the  day  loaded  with 
books,  going  from  room  to  room  in  the  different  colleges, 
and  announced  himself  by  shouting  '  Maps  ! '  as  he  pro- 
ceeded. Persons  requiring  themes,  or  declamations,  or 
compositions  on  occasional  subjects,  were  in  the  habit  of 
applying  to  him,  and  if  they  had  no  objection  to  pay  a 
high  price,  were  furnished  with  articles  of  considerable 
literary  merit.  It  was  said  that  manuscript  sermons 
might  be  obtained  through  him ;  but  in  every  transac- 
tion of  this  kind  he  strictly  concealed  the  names  of  the 
parties  concerned.  By  the  desire  of  Dr.  Farmer,  his 
truly  characteristic  portrait  was  placed  on  the  staircase 
of  the  Public  Library,  a  distinction  he  was  better  entitled 
to  than  a  smirking  professor  in  scarlet  robes,  who  hangs 
very  near  him." 

Both  accounts  miss  the  whole  point.  Who 
would  believe  that  because  a  man  was  a  book- 
seller, and  called  out  "  Maps,"  the  University 
would  place  his  picture  on  the  stairs  of  the  Public 


*  Mr.  Maps'  portrait,  which  now  adorns  the  staircase  of 
the  Public  Library,  was  presented  by  the  Undergraduates. 


S.  IV.  AUG.  29,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


171 


Library  ?  The  true  story  is  that  Nicholson  was 
an  officer  of  the  library  all  his  life.  He  was  the 
porter,  or  beadle,  whose  duty  it  was  to  carry  books 
to  those  Masters  of  Arts  who  wanted  them.  He 
was  very  illiterate,  and  thought  that  all  large  folios 
were  books  of  maps  ;  whence  the  cry  which  he 
raised  at  the  doors  of  those  to  whom  he  had  to 
deliver  books.  He  was  also  a  bookseller,  at  first, 
no  doubt,  with  a  stall;  but  he  afterwards  ori- 
ginated the  plan  of  supplying  undergraduates 
with  their  class-books  by  subscription.  In  this 
way  he  got  a  good  business,  which  was  augmented 
by  his  son.  But  he  was  dead  long  before  the  time 
indicated ;  for  he  died  many  years  before  1823,  and 
the  screen  was  not  built  till  about  1830.  His  son's 
shop  was,  in  1823,  opposite  the  Senatehouse.  Dr. 
Richard  Farmer,  who  placed  his  portrait  in  the 
library,  died  in  1797. 

Neither  was  his  name  lost  during  his  life,  as 
Mr.  Gunning  seems  to  intimate.  The  under- 
graduates knew  it  well  by  the  line  — 

Moi^  avrov  KoXeoixn  &eo<,  avSpts  tie  N<xo^<r<«'. 

One  of  your  correspondents  has  spoiled  this  line 
by  proposing  vtoi  for  deoj,  which  he  says  he  always 
heard.  Surely  the  reader  of  Homer  should  see 
that  the  joke  turns  wholly  on  the  parody  of  those 
cases  in  which  gods  and  men  are  described  as 
using  different  names.  I  never  heard  anything 
but  bcoi. 

There  was  not,  in  my  time,  any  tradition  of  his 
supplying  themes,  declamations,  &c.  Some  of 
your  readers  may  be  able  to  say  whether  he  was 
in  this  line  of  business,  or  whether  Mr.  Gunning's 
memory  has  confounded  him  with  Jemmy  Gordon, 
of  whom  he  gives  a  sufficient  account. 

A.  DE  MORGAN. 


ORIGIN  OF  THE  WORD  "BIGOT." 
(1st  S.  v.  277,  331 ;  3rd  S.  iv.  39,  &c.) 

With  the  greatest  deference  for  the  opinions  of 
MR.  TRENCH,  and  those  of  your  correspondents 
who  are  inclined  to  endorse  his  theory  of  the  deri- 
vation of  the  word  bigot,  I  venture  to  think  that 
the  old-fashioned  derivation  from  the  Low  Latin 
begutta  is  far  more  likely  to  be  the  true  one. 

In  the  first  place,  the  whole  point  of  the  Spanish 
derivation  lies  in  the  idea  that  from  and  after  the 
fifteenth  century  the  mustacJiio  was  almost  pecu- 
liar to  the  Spaniard.  Are  not  the  facts,  at  any 
rate  as  regards  France  and  Germany,  at  variance 
with  this  suggestion  ? 

The  word  bigot,  in  its  modern  sense,  is  alluded 
to  by  Etienne  Pasquier  (Rech.  viii.  2),  who  died 
in  1615,  as  being  in  his  day  in  common  use  in 
France ;  so  that  we  must  conceive  its  origin 
(which  he  explains  as  arising  from  the  old  Ger- 
man or  old  French  oath,  bey-gof)  to  be  at  least  as 
ancient  as  the  middle  of  the  sixteenth  century. 


He  further  relates,  on  the  authority  of  Guillaume 
de  Nangy  [+  1302],  that  the  Normans,  who,  under 
the  reign  of  Charles  the  Simple,  desired  to  be  ad- 
mitted into  the  Christian  church,  ran  about  cry- 
ing bigot!  bigot!  bigot!  that  is,  "for  the  love  of 
God"  baptise  us. 

The  strongest  argument  in  favour  of  the  deri- 
vation of  this  word  (which  is  common  to  the 
French,  German,  and  English  languages)  from  the 
name  of  the  Belgian  pietists,  may  be  found  in  the 
wide-spread  celebrity  of  that  sect. 

The  austerity  of  their  manners,  and  their  claims 
to  greater  spirituality  than  their  neighbours,  were 
sure  to  provoke  the  misrepresentation  and  sarcasm 
of  a  somewhat  licentious  age;  and  it  would  be 
almost  matter  of  surprise  if  so  important  a'  move- 
ment as  that  of  the  Beghurds,  Beguines,  or 
Begutta  had  not  left  its  mark  on  the  language  of 
the  countries  in  which  its  influence  was  so  power- 
fully felt. 

It  is  interesting,  in  connection  with  this  deriva- 
tion, to  notice  the  difficulties  which  were  found  in 
attempting  to  determine  the  source  of  the  word 
beguina  or  begutta,  occasioning  a  pretty  smart 
controversy  in  Antwerp,  anno  1628.  No  less  than 
ten  etymologies  were  suggested,  which  are  fully 
treated  of  by  Mosheim  (De  Beghardis  et  Segui- 
nabus.) 

1.  Bonus-garten,  good  cultivators. 

2.  St.  Begga,  founder  of  a  cloister  in  Belgium. 

3.  Lambut  le  Begue,  on  the  Stammerer,  foun- 
der of  a  sect  in  the  twelfth  century. 

4.  Beguin  (Cotgr.  a  child's  biggin),  a  skull-cap. 
Also  (Florio),  a  kind  of  coarse  grey  cloth  that 
poor  religious  men  wore. 

5.  Benignum. 

6.  Bono  igne  ignitum. 

7.  Beginnen,  because  the  beguttcE  were  on  the 
threshold  of  a  monastic  life. 

8.  Began,  biggan,  to  worship. 

9.  Beggan,   to   beg,  either   as  the  mendicant 
orders,  or  perhaps  from  their  earnest  prayers  to 
God.     This  reminds  one  of  the  derivation  of  the 
terms  Euchites  and  Bogomiles.  Conf.  French  argot, 
"  bigotter  "  =  prier. 

10.  Bey  gott,  as  used  by  Hollo. 

JOHN  ELIOT  HODGKIN. 


The  common  derivations  from  Bei  Gott  and  Visi- 
goth are  not  satisfactory.  May  not  the  word  be 
from  bigote,  "  bourse  qu'on  portoit  a  la  ceinture ; 
etui  dans  lequel  on  serroit  pendant  la  nuit  sa  barbe 
et  ses  moustaches  " ;  or  from  bigote,  "  la  bourse 
que  les  bigotes  de  ce  temps-la  portaient  a  leur 
ceinture  pour  faire  leur  aumones."  *  The  French 
word  bigote  is  also  applied  to  two  pieces  of  wood 
of  elm,  which  form  part  of  the  panel  of  a  sail- 


*  Bescherelle  derives  the  former  from  the  latter. 


172 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[8'«  S.  IV.  AUG.  29,  '63. 


yard  (partie  du  racage  cVune  vergue  de  hune) ; 
from  the  Med.  Lat.  bigus,  a  piece  of  wood.  (Cf. 
Dufresne  under  Bigus.}  But  the  word  bigot  may 
have  also  been  derived  from  the  surname  Bigot 
or  Bigod,  which  would  seem  to  be  the  same  as 
Pigot,  Pigott,  Piggott,  Picot,  which  again  are 
doubtless  diminutives  formed  from  the  Celtic 
pig,  Aquitanian  peek,  puecfi,  puich ;  Old  French, 
pug,  puig,pec,  pie,  pech,  piech,  pioch,  piei,  pio,  piu, 
poet,  poy,  poya,  py ;  a  mountain,  hill,  elevation  ; 
modern  French,  puy  ;  whence  probably  the  Eng- 
lish and  French  surnames  Peach,  Peak,  Peake, 
Pech,  Peek,  Pick,  Pigg,  Pique ;  and  as  diminu- 
tives, Pechin,  Pechon,  Pechon,  Pichon,  Pidgeon, 
Pigeon,  Poyen,  Pechell,  Poyal,  Pechaut,  Pechot, 
Pichot,"  Peckett,  Poett,  Poyett;  and  as  patro- 
nymics, Pechard,  Pechart,  Poyard,  Poyart.  Hence 
also  the  French  surnames,  Puybusque,  Puyfer- 
rand,  Puynode,  Puysegur. 

K.  S.  CHABNOCK. 


ROMAN  USES. 
(3rd  S.  iv.   129.) 

I  proceed  to  answer  the  several  queries   of 
L.J.:  — 

1.  A  religious  of  a  discalceated  or  barefooted 
Order  does  wear  shoes  when  celebrating  Mass, 
or  officiating  as  deacon  or  subdeacon. 

2.  A  cope  is  never  worn  by  the  celebrant  at 
Mass.     The  assistant  priest  alone  wears  it  at  the 
High  Mass,  sung  by  a  bishop.     It  has  no  connec- 
tion with  the  Holy  Sacrifice ;  but  is  worn  occa- 
sionally even  by  laymen,   such  as  cantors,  and 
those  who  serve  at  solemn  benediction  when  given 
by  a  bishop,  and  are  styled  copemen.    Though 
now  become  an  ecclesiastical  ornamental  vesture, 
it  was  originally  a  cloak  for  protection  from  the 
weather  in  out-of-door  processions,  as  indicated 
by  the  name  pluviale,  which  it  still  retains.    It  is 
never  worn  by  priest  or  bishop  when  celebrating 
Mass.    In  small  churches,  so  far  from  being  worn 
at  Mass,  it  is  rarely  worn  at  all,  being  chiefly  used 
in  the  more  solemn  ceremonials. 

3.  The  Litany  of  Intercession  for  England  was 
written  most  probably  in  the  seventeenth  century. 
The  earliest  copy  I  have  seen  of  it  occurs  in  an 
edition  of  the  Manual  in  my  possession,  printed  at 
London  by  H.  Hills,  in  1688.    It  is  inserted  there 
among  the  prayers  for  Sunday,  and  in  later  edi- 
tions of  the  Manual  among  the  prayers  for  Wed- 
nesday, on  which  day  indeed  it  is  directed  to  be 
said  likewise  in  the  above  edition.     It  contains, 
however,   two  petitions,   which  were  afterwards 
omitted.     One  was  in  these  terms :  — 

"  That  it  would  please  Thee  to  incline  the  hearts  of  all 
our  magistrates  rightly  to  understand  our  Religion,  and 
impartially  consider  our  sufferings;  and,  how  hardly 
soever  they  may  deal  with  us,  make  us  still  with  exactest 
fidelity  to  perform  our  duties  to  them." 


The  other  was  as  follows  :  — 

"  That  it  would  please  Thee  to  grant  us  the  grace  of 
improving'such  restraints  and  temporal  disadvantages  as 
we  fall  under  into  an  occasion  of  retiredness  and  Chris- 
tian severity,  supplying  our  want  of  publick  assemblies 
by  a  greater  diligence  in  private  devotions." 

It  is  most  probable  that  this  litany  occurred  in 
still  earlier  editions  of  the  Manual,  which  was  the 
usual  prayer-book  of  Catholics,  with  the  Primer? 
which  it  finally  superseded.  The  first  edition  of 
the  Manual  seems  to  have  been  the  following  :  — 

"  A  Manual  of  Prayers  gathered  out  of  many  famous 
and  good  Authors.  Printed  at  Calice,  1599." 

The  author  of  this  Litany  is  not  known.  It  i& 
very  likely  to  have  been  the  composition  of  the 
pious  and  learned  Mr.  Gother ;  but  in  that  case 
it  could  not  have  appeared  in  very  early  editions 
of  the  Manual,  as  he  did  not  come  over  on  the 
English  mission  from  Lisbon  till  towards  the  end 
of  the  reign  of  Charles  II. 

This  and  similar  compositions  have  been  gene- 
rally approved  by  the  Catholic  authorities  in 
England,  and  are  occasionally  recited  in  public, 
especially  in  those  chapels  where  no  singing  can 
be  bad,  and  more  English  prayers  are  conse- 
quently in  use.  The  Litany  for  England  has  been 
probably  used  more  extensively  than  any  other 
such  compositions. 

4.  Blue  collars  are  worn  by  the  Cistercian 
monks  of  Ebrach  in  Franconia,  as  part  of  their 
choral  habit,  and  by  the  members  of  the  Confra- 
ternity of  Somascha  in  Vienna.  But  they  cannot 
be  considered  as  distinctive  of  religious  Orders, 
since  they  are  commonly  worn  by  the  secular 
clergy  in  some  countries,  as  in  Spain  and  Ger- 
many. F.  C.  H. 

BUNBURY'S  ENGRAVINGS  (3rd  S.  iv.  48.)— Agree- 
ing with  your  correspondent  C.  in  his  estimate  of 
the  interest  of  this  and  other  old  engravings,  in 
which  portraits  of  celebrities  are  preserved,  I  am 
happy  to  be  able  to  contribute  a  little,  though  it  is 
but  a  little,  towards  identifying  the  personages 
represented  in  Bunbury's  "  Conversazione,"  and 
"Gardens  of  Carlton  House."  In  a  copy  of  the 
former,  which  I  have  seen,  the  figure  on  Dr. 
Johnson's  right  is  stated  to  be  Dr.  Parr,  and  the 
cauliflower  wig  sufficiently  identifies  him.  And 
in  a  copy  of  the  latter,  the  lady  on  the  Prince's 
right  hand  is  described  as  the  Duchess  of 
Devonshire ;  and  the  lady  on  his  left,  the  Duchess 
of  Rutland.  I  think  C.  is  wrong  in  his  opinion 
that  the  fair  dame,  or,  as  I  should  be  inclined 
from  the  costume  to  say,  fair  widow,  on  the  right, 
in  shade,  has  loved  not  wisely  but  too  well.  I 
think  that  impression  is  simply  owing  to  the  pe- 
culiar three-quarter  position  of  the  figure. 

B.  E. 

WILLIAM  BILLTNG  (lst'S.  viii.  110;  3rd  S.  iv. 
113.) — We  venture  to  suggest  that  the  author  of 


S.  IV.  AUG.  29,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


173 


The  Five  Wounds  of  Christ  was  William  Billyng ; 
who,  in  1474,  became  Rector  of  Toft  Monks,  in 
Norfolk,  on  the  presentation  of  the  Provost  and 
Scholars  of  Kiag  s  College,  Cambridge  ;  and  who 
appears  to  have  held  that  benefice  till  1506. 
(Blomefield's  Norfolk,  viii.  63.) 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 
Cambridge. 

LEGACY  DUTY  (3rd  S.  iv.  128).— By  the  Act 
of  36  Geo.  III.  c.  52,  a  legacy  which  was  given 
by  the  will  of  a  person,  who  should  die  after  the 
passing  of  the  Act,  to  a  brother  or  sister,  or  any 
descendant  of  a  brother  or  sister  of  the  deceased, 
was  made  subject  to  a  duty  of  two  per  cent. 
As  these  were  the  only  relations  who  were  made 
liable  by  the  Act  to  pay  duty  at  that  rate,  the 
legatee  referred  to  by  your  correspondent  must 
have  been  a  brother  or  sister,  or  a  descendant  of 
a  brother  or  sister  of  the  testatrix.  There  is  now 
no  rate  of  duty  between  one  and  three  per  cent. 
The  Act  of  55  Geo.  III.  c.  184,  which  now  regu- 
lates the  legacy  duties,  charges  one  per  cent .  on  a 
legacy  given  to  a  child  or  a  descendant  of  a  child 
of  the  deceased,  or  to  the  father  or  mother,  or  any 
lineal  ancestor  of  the  deceased;  and  three  per 
cent,  on  a  legacy  given  to  a  brother  or  sister,  or 
any  descendant  of  a  brother  or  sister  of  the  de- 
ceased. W.  J.  TILL. 
Croydon. 

QUOTATION  WANTED  :  "  THE  DUNCIAD  "  (3rd  S. 
ii.  9.)— 

"  On  applaudit,  car  chez  le  Peuple  sot, 
L'injure  plait,  et  tient  lieu  de  bon  mot." 

Palissot,  La  Dunriade,  ch.  v.,  ad  Londres, 
1781. 

I  do  not  think  that  Palissot's  Dunciad  has  been 
translated  into  English,  and  those  who  take  the 
opinions  of  French  critics  are  not  likely  to  read 
it.  I  recommend  a  trial.  Though  not  a  great 
poem,  it  is  generally  amusing,  and  sometimes 
very  clever.  FITZHOPKINS. 

Rouen. 

BUCKINGHAM  WATER  GATE  (3rd  S.  iv.  108.) — 
I  think  your  readers  have  already  been  warned 
that  this  gate  is  not  by  Inigo  Jones,  but  a  work 
of  the  sculptor  Nicholas  Stone,  Sen.  For  this 
statement,  see  The  Builder  for  1854,  p.  252. 
However,  I  quite  agree  with  MR.  HUSK  in  the 
hope  that  this  fine  gate  will  not  be  destroyed. 
No  doubt,  an  appropriate  place  will  be  found  for 
it.  The  only  fear  I  have,  is,  that  if  re- erected  in  a 
large  area,  its  small  size  will  cause  it  to  be  com- 
pletely lost  and  its  suitableness  destroyed. 

W.  P. 

FAMILY  OF  BRAY  (3rd  S.  iv.  28,  98.)— W.  P. 
should  also  look  at  Bigland's  Collections  relating 
to  the  County  of  Gloucester.  Under  the  head  of 
"  Great  Barrington"  he  will  find  the  copy  of  an 
inscription  on  a  monument,  erected  in  the  church 


by  the  Edmund  Bray,  Esq.,  to  whom  he  refers. 
This  inscription,  beside  being  a  perfect  model  for 
genealogical  epitaphs,  is  curious  also  as  a  record 
of  the  extraordinary  fatality  of  smallpox  in  this 
family,  no  matter  whether  in  or  out  of  England. 
JOHN  A.  C.  VINCENT. 

"  MENDING  THE  PIGGENS  "  (3rd  S.  iv.  104.)  — 

The  "  piggens "  would  be  vessels  of  wood. 
"  Piggin,  a  small  wooden  cylindrical  vessel,  made 
with  staves  and  bound  with  hoops  like  a  pail." 
(Brockett's  Glossary.)  "  Piggin,  a  milking-pail, 
a  small  vessel  of  wood."  (Jamieson's  Dictionary.') 
A  miniature  pail  or  tub,  with  an  erect  handle,  is 
a  "  piggin  "  in  Scotland ;  while  an  earthen  vessel 
is  a  "  pig."  A  "  pig-wife  "  deals  in  earthenware  ; 
and  one  of  Jamieson's  illustrations  is  the  old  pro- 
verb, founded  on  the  frailty  of  crockery r  "to 
gang  to  pigs  and  whistles"  (to  go  to  wreck,  to  be 
ruined  in  one's  circumstances) ;  a  proverb  in 
which  the  ingenious  reader,  poring  over  the  sign 
of  "  The  Pig  and  Whistle,"  and  endeavouring  to 
fathom  its  meaning,  may  possibly  find  a  ray  of 
light.  C. 

MEANING  orBouMAN  (3rd  S.  iii.  512  ;  iv.  37, 95.) 
May  not  the  'following,  from  Sir  John  Skene's 
treatise,  De  Verborum  Significations  (1579),  assist 
your  correspondent  to  the  derivation  and  meaning 
of  this  word  ?  — 

"  Bothna,  Suthna,  Botkena,  1.  iv.  c.  Si  quis  namos  30, 
appearis  to  be  ane  Parke,  qnhair  cattel  are  fed  and  in- 
clused.  '  Ut  in  Libro  M.  Alexandri  Skene,  fratris 
mei  Germani,  quondam  in  supremo  Senatu  Advocati.' 
Quhilk  is  confirmed  be  Hector  Boetius,  1.  vii.  c.  123, 
Xu.  35 :  •  Cum  scribit  maritimam  Thessalise  partem  a 
vectigali,  quod  Regiis  procuratoribus  ab  incolis  in  annos 
pendi  solitum  erat,  cum  gregum  multitudine  abundarent, 
Buthquhaniam  appellata,  est  enim,  quhain,  ide  quod 
vectigal,  prisca  Scotorum  lingua :  et  Buth,  ovium  collectio ; 
ha3c  ille.'  And  it  is  manifest,  that  the  place  in  the  quhilk 
the  zowes  are  inclosed  quhen  they  are  milked,  is  com- 
monly called  an  Bucht.  Siklike  Aulus  Gelh'us,  lib.  ii.  c.  1, 
writis,  that  Italy  is  so  called  a  Bubus,  because  lra\oi 
in  the  auld  Greek  language  signifies  Oxen,  of  the  quhilk 
there  was  great  aboundance  and  multitude  in  Italyy 
quhilk  is  confirmed  be  Paulus  Vanefridus,  lib.  ii.c.24: 
'  Italia  (inquit)  ab  Italo,  Siculorum  duce,  qui  earn  anti- 
quitus  invasit ;  sive  ob  hoc  Italia  dicitur,  quia  magni  in 
ea  boves,  h,  e.  Itali  habentur,  ab  eo  namque  quod  est 
Italus,  per  diminutionem,  una  litera  addita,  altera  immu- 
tata,  vitulus  appellatur.'  Item.  Bothena,  '  Stat.  Wilh. 
c.  ii.  signifies  ane  Barronie,  Lordship,  or  Schireftedome,  as 
is  manifest,  '  Ex.  Libro  Sconens,  c.  99,  Assis.  Regis 
David.'  '  Et  Dominus  BothenaV  is  the  Lord  of  the 
Barronie,  land,  or  ground.  Leg  Port.  c.  i.  in  Libro  M. 
Willielmi  Skene,  fratris  mei,  Commissarii  Sancti  Andreae, 
p.  149,  c.  79.  '  Item,  it  is  statute  anS  ordained,  that  the 
Kingis  Mute,  that  is,  the  Kingis  Court  of  ilk  Bothene, 
that  is,  of  ilk  Schirefledome,  sail  be  balden  within  fourtie 
daies.  Ass.  Reg.  Da.  c.  6,  in  Libr.  quondam  M.  Roberti 
Carbraith,  I.  C.  Doctissimi.'  " 

D.  M.  STEVENS. 

PRINCE    CHRISTIEKN  (3rd   S.   iv.  96.)— Your 
correspondent,  T.  J.  BUCKTON,  instead  of  giving 


174 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  29,  '63. 


me  the  genealogy  of  Prince  Christiern  of  Den- 
mark, father  of  the  Princess  of  Wales,  has  given 
me  that  of  Prince  Christiern  of  Holstein-Augus- 
tenbourg.  I  shall  be  much  obliged,  too,  if  you 
could  refer  me  to  Koch's  genealogical  tables, 
either  for  inspection  or  purchase.*  G.  W.  M. 

ST.  DiGGLE(3rd  S.iv.  111.)— St.  Diggle  appears 
to  be  no  other  than  St.  Deicolus.  The  name 
Deicolus,  in  process  of  time,  assumed  the  various 
forms  of  Deicola,  Dicullus,  and  Dicul.  This  last 
was  probably  the  immediate  source  of  Diggle; 
Deicolus  becoming  first  Dicul  in  Irish,  and  then 
Diggle  in  the  Doric  of  East  Kent.  Besides  these, 
the  name  experienced  other  changes.  In  France 
it  became  Deel ;  and  accordingly  we  are  assured 
by  Father  Butler  (Jan.  18)  that  in  Franche- 
comte  the  name  Deel  is  frequently  given  in  bap- 
tism to  males,  and  Deele  to  females.  This  may 
be  very  well  in  France,  but  would  not  be  quite 
the  thing  in  Scotland. 

Among  the  saintly  luminaries  of  times  now 
past,  there  were  several  natives  of  Ireland  who 
bore  the  name  of  Deicolus,  or  one  of  its  modifi- 
cations. See  Butler  as  cited  above ;  Zedler  on 
Deicolus ;  Britannia  Sancta,  i.  52 ;  Ada  Sancto- 
rum among  the  "  Pnetermissi,"  June  l,p.  5  ;  Bede, 
Hist.  Eccles.  iv.  xiii.  §  289,  ad  Jin.,  &c.  Bede's 
Dicul  comes  the  nearest  to  Dover ;  for  though  we 
cannot  trace  him  into  Kent,  he  had  in  the  seventh 
century  a  small  monastery  at "  Bosanhamm"  (since 
Bosham)  in  Sussex.  SCHIN. 

EPIGRAM  (3rd  S.  iv.  129.)  —  I  find  this  epigram 
in  the  album  of  a  friend  who  died  long  ago,  a 
book  containing  many  things  of  his  own,  and  many 
of  other  people,  undistinguished.  It  is  not  given 
as  a  satire  upon  Lord  John  Russell,  but  upon 
N n  F s,  whom  I  conjecture  to  be  New- 
ton Fellowes.  Whoever  it  was,  it  was  —  says  the 
heading  —  some  person  who  had  said  in  a  public 
speech  that  he  would  not  be  "  priest-ridden  " ;  on 
which  the  satirist  sings  as  follows  :  — 
"  Thou  ridden !  No — no  fear  of  that, 

By  prophet  or  by  priest ; 
For  Balaam's  dead ;  and  no  one  else 
Would  mount  so  dull  a  beast ! " 

Civil,  and  not  well  pointed :  but  anything  does  at 
election  time.     Balaam's  ass  was  not  a  dull  beast : 
and  the  whole  ought  to  have  run  thus  — 
"  Thou  ridden !    No  —  of  that  no  fear, 

By  prophet  or  by  priest ; 
For  Balaam's  dead :  and  were  he  here, 

He'd  scorn  so  dull  a  beast ! " 

I  do  not  think  the  friend  I  allude  to  wrote  this : 
but  he  certainly  wrote  the  following  upon  a  per- 
son whom  he  held  no  conjuror,  and  who  had 
taken  two  ravens  as  his  supporters  :  — 

[*  Mr.  Quaritch,  Piccadilly,  would  probably  supply  a 
copy.  It  may  also  be  consulted  in  the  British  Museum.— 
ED.] 


"  Two  ravens  supporters !    Oh !  -—  sage, 

Hast  thou  ancestry  Israelite  sported? 
Art  sprung  from  Elijah  ?    In  history's  page, 

None  but  he  was  by  ravens  supported. 
To  exhibit  the  birds  none  will  question  thy  right, 

For  none  of  thy  pedigree  can  tell ; 
But  the  world  would  have  laughed,  had  the  heralds,  in 

spite, 
Emblazoned  thy  shield  with  the  mantle." 

I  find  in  the  same  collection  a  riddle  on  the 
letter  W,  resembling  the  celebrated  one  on  H. 
Has  it  been  given  in  print  ?  A.  DE  MORGAN. 

"  BLOOD  IS  THICKER  THAN  WATER  "  (3rd    S.   Hi. 

367.)  —  There  is  another  quotation  of  this  pro- 
verb in  Guy  Mannering,  in  the  scene  after  reading 
the  will :  — 

'  The  first  words  he  (Dandie  Dinmont)  said,  when  he 
had  digested  the  shock,  contained  a  magnanimous  de- 
claration, which  he  probably  was  not  conscious  of  having 
uttered  aloud  — '  Weel,  blude's  thicker  than  water !  she's 
welcome  to  the  cheeses  and  the  hams  just  the  same.' " 
W.  D.  BAGENDON. 

ARCHBISHOP  LEIGHTON'S  LIBRARY  AT  DUN- 
BLANE (3rd  S.  iv.  63.)  —  The  following  is  a  list  of 
the  first  and  some  of  the  subsequent  editions  of 
the  Stimulus  Pastorum:  Rome,  1564,  1572,  and 
1582;  Lisbon,  1565;  Paris,  1583,  1586,  1644,  and 
1667.  The  author's  life  was  written  by  Ludovi- 
cus  Granatensis,  Ludov.  Cacegas,  Ludov.  Sousa, 
and  Rodericus  de  Cunna. 

Bayle  says  that  it  has  been  found  impossible  to 
discover  the  author  of  Moyens  surs  et  honnetes 
pour  la  Conversion  de  tous  les  Her  cliques .  See 
his  GEuvres  Diverses,  t.  ii.  p.  780. 

Pierre  Thomas  Du  Fosse  was  born  at  Rouen  in 
1634  of  one  of  the  principal  families  there,  and  at 
nine  years  of  age  became  an  inmate  of  the  cele- 
brated abbey  of  Port-Royal,  with  two  elder 
brothers,  to  receive  a  Christian  education,  and  to 
be  instructed  in  letters.  He  continued  to  belong 
all  his  life  to  the  Port-Royalists,  and  followed  them 
in  their  various  wanderings  and  persecutions.  He 
was  directed  in  his  studies  by  Lemaitre  de  Sacy, 
who  asked  for  his  assistance  in  writing  the  Life  of 
Dom  Barthelemi  des  Martyrs,  Archbishop  of 
Braga.  Du  Fosse  had  the  chief  share  in  writing 
this  life.  He  also  assisted  De  Sacy  in  his  com- 
mentary on  the  Bible,  and  wrote  several  memoires 
that  throw  much  light  on  the  history  and  sufferings 
of  the  pious  recluses  of  Port-Royal.  See  Biog. 
Univ.  t.  xv.  J.  MACRAT. 

Oxford. 

RULE  AND  ROD  (2nd  S.  xi.  328 ;  xii.  427.)  — 
Besides  these  references,  it  might  be  useful  to 
quote  the  following  lines  from  Martial's  Epigrams, 
showing  the  early  use  of  the  five  foot  rod.  I 
quote  from  Elphinston's  edition,  8vo,  London, 
1783 ;  and  his  translation,  8vo,  London,  1782, 
book  xi.  cxlvi. :  — 


3rd  S.  IV.  AUG.  29,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


175 


"  Quinciipedal, 

Puncta  notus  *  ilex,  et  acuta  cuspide  clausa, 
Ssepe  redemptoris  prodere  furta  solet. 

«  The  Five  Foot  Eod. 

The  punctur'd  holm,  with  taper  ferrel  bound, 
Will  oft  the  wily  jobber's  craft  confound." 

W.  P. 

CROMWBLL'S  BURIAL  PLACE  (1st  S.  v.  598 ;  3rd  S. 
iii.  311.) — The  following  has  been  mentioned  in- 
cidentally, but  the  date  of  the  work  may  be  suffi- 
cient to  establish  the  early  burial  of  the  body  :  — 

"  He  dyed  on  Friday,  the  3  of  September,  at  3  of  the 
Clock  in  the  afternoon,  though  divers  rumors  were  spread 
that  he  was  carried  away  in  the  Tempest  the  day  before : 
his  body  being  opened  and  Embalmed,  his  milt  was  found 
full  of  "corruption  and  filth;  which  was  so  strong  and 
stinking,  that  after  the  Corps  were  Embalmed  and  filled 
with  Aromaticke  odours,  and  wrapt  in  Cere  cloth  six 
double,  in  an  inner  sheet  of  lead,  and  a  strong  wooden 
coffin,  yet  the  filth  broke  through  them  all,  and  raised 
such  a  noisome  stink,  that  they  were  forced  to  bury  him 
out  of  hand;  but  his  name  and  memory  stinks  worse. 
The  Corps  (presently  after  his  expiration)  being  buryed 
for  the  aforesaid  reason,  a  Coffin  was,  on  the  26  of  Sep- 
tember, about  10  at  night,  privatly  removed  from  White- 
hall in  a  Mourning  Herse,  attended  by  his  Domestick 
Servants,  none  of  whom  shed  one  Tear,  to  Somerset- 
house  ;  where  it  remained  in  private  for  some  Dayes,  till 

all  things  were  in  readiness  for  publick  view "  [The 

public  burial  in  Westminster  Abbey  is  then  described.] — 
Ja.  Heath,  Flagellum  ;  or,  The  Life  and  Death,  Birth  and 
Burial  of  Oliver  Cromwell,  The  Late  Usurper,  2nd  edition 
enlarged,  8vo,  London,  1663,  pp.  198, 199. 

W.  P. 

MR.  JOHN  COLLET  (3rd  S.  iv.  47,  94.)— Mr. 
Collet,  in  his  Common- Place  Booh,  alluded  to  by 
MR.  HAZLITT,  states  that  he  was  born  on  the  4th 
June,  1633  ;  and  that  he  was  the  son  of  Thomas 
Collet,  and  the  father  of  Thomas,  William,  and 
John,  all  of  whom  he  survived.  Can  you  inform 
me  whom  he  married  ?  He  was  descended  from  a 
Humphrey  Collet  of  London  (see  Heralds'  Visit. 
1664,  pedigree  of  Collet  of  Highgate).  Is  this 
Humphrey  identical  with  the  Humphrey  Collet 
who  was  Member  for  Southwark  in  1553  ?  And 
can  the  connection,  if  any,  be  traced  between  him 
and  the  family  of  Colet  of  Wendover,  co.  Bucks, 
ancestors  of  Dean  Colet.  ST.  Liz. 

HOLY  COMMUNION  AT  WEDDINGS  (3rd  S.  iv. 
104.)  —  The  Decrees  of  Pope  Siricius,  A.D.  385, 
can.  ix.,  speaks  of  marriage  as  regularly  con- 
tracted "  by  the  benediction  of  the  priest ;"  and 
the  Canonical  Answers  of  Timothy,  who  succeeded 
his  brother  Peter  in  the  bishopric  of  Alexandria, 
A.D.  380,  mention  also,  Qu.  XL,  the  "  performing 
of  the  oblation."  The  question  propounded  is, 
"  If  a  clergyman  be  called  to  celebrate  a  mar- 
riage, and  have  heard  that  it  is  incestuous,  ought 
he  to  comply  and  perform  the  oblation  ?  "  This 
is  answered  in  the  negative.  The  hackneyed 
quotation  from  Tertullian  coincides  well  with 

*  Notis,  in  some  editions. 


this  :  "  Unde  sufficiam  ad  enarrandum  felicitatem 
ejus  matrimonii,  quod  Ecclesia  conciliat  et  con- 
firmat  oblatio"  About  the  year  1700  we  find  the 
authors  of  the  Life  of  Kettlewell,  when  stating 
that  he  received  the  Blessed  Sacrament  at  his 
marriage,  lamenting  that  the  practice  was  then 
"  so  much  neglected,"  —  a  lament  re-echoed  in  a 
more  recent  sketch  of  Kettlewell  published  1850. 
Hooker  also,  in  the  w'ell-known  passage  where  he 
treats  of  this  matter,  seems  to  imply  that  this 
"religious  and  holy  custom"  was  then  in  some 
measure  disused.  Previous  to  the  Savoy  Con- 
ference, the  rubric  made  it  imperative  that  the 
"  new  married  persons,  the  same  day  of  their 
marriage,  must  receive  the  Holy  Communion." 
To  please  the  Dissenters  it  was  afterwards  made 
optional ;  they  objected  against  it  as  Popish ! ! 
Bucer  appears  to  have  approved  the  custom. 
Indeed  it  is  difficult  to  conceive  Christians  ob- 
jecting to  it.  The  most  solemn  form  of  marriage 
among  the  Romans  was  the  confarreatio,  in  which 
the  "  f'arreum  libum  "  and  a  sheep  were  offered  in 
sacrifice  to  the  gods :  so  that,  ratifying  this  sacred 
tie  by  the  most  solemn  act  of  religion  seems  to 
have  been  in  some  sort  a  dictate  of  nature. 

W.  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 

ARMS  or  GRESHAM  AT  ILFORD  (3rd  S.  iv.  87.) — 
I  know  not  whether  the  Gresham  arms  generally 
have  hitherto  received  any  verbal  elucidation ; 
and  yet  the  grasshopper  on  the  highest  pinnacle 
of  the  most  remarkable  commercial  building  iu 
the  world  — the  Royal  Exchange  of  London  — 
might  have  been  deemed  worthy  of  some  attempt 
at  explanation.  This  gilded  emblem  on  the  sum- 
mit of  the  building  is  nothing  more  than  a  rebus 
of  the  name  of  its  original  founder,  Sir  Thomas 
Gresham. 

Grassheim,  Heim,  'in  its  diminutive  Heimchen, 
all  mean  in  German  "  grasshopper."  The  last  is 
beautifully  introduced  by  Mathison  in  the  finest 
of  his  poems,  Elegie  in  den  Ruinen  eines  Berg- 
schlosses  geschrieben :  — 

"  Schweigend  in  der  Abend-dam'rung  Schleier, 
Ruht  die  Flur ;  das  Lied  der  Haine  stirbt ; 
Nur  dass  hier  im  alternden  Gemttuer, 
Melancholisch  noch  ein  Heimchen  zirbt." 

"  Silent  beneath  the  twilight  veil  of  night, 

The  landscape  sinks ;  the  groves  are  tuneless  all ; 
Save  that  here  on  mould'ring  turret's  height, 
The  Grassheim  chirps  its  doleful  lonely  call." 

There  are  much  wider  discrepancies  in  our 
canting  heraldry  than  between  Grassheim  and 
Gresham.  WILLIAM  BELL,  Ph.  D. 

2,  Burton  Street,  Euston  Square. 

VENNER  OF  BOSENDEN  (3rd  S.  iv.  130.)— The 
surname  of  Venner  or  Venour  is  of  ancient  stand- 
ing in  the  south-east  of  England.  The  name  is 
merely  a  slight  modification  of  the  Norman 
"  Veneur,"  a  huntsman. 


176 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  Aua.  29,  '63. 


One  branch  of  the  family  settled  in  Kent,  and 
in  the  year  1389  gave  a  Lord  Mayor  to  London, 
who  bore  as  crest,  "an  eagle  displayed  arg., 
charged  on  the  breast  with  a  cross  formee  gul." 
This  crest  has  been  continued  to  be  borne  by 
his  descendants  until  the  death,  not  many  years 
ago,  of  Charles  Venner,  a  barrister,  son  of  Kings- 
ford  Venner,  who  alienated  the  estate  of  Bosenden. 
This  Charles  Venner  died  unmarried,  and  the 
family  is  now  extinct,  except  through  the  female 
line,  the  sister  of  this  Charles  Venner  having 
married  and  left  descendants. 

With  regard  to  the  "  one  Venner  "  alluded  to, 
your  querist  F.  makes  a  great  mistake  with  re- 
spect to  the  date.  It  was  during  the  reign  of 
Charles  the  Second,  not  Charles  the  First,  that 
this  man,  whom  Thurloe  calls  a  "desperate  and 
bloody  spirit "  flourished,  and  it  was  on  January  6, 
1661  (Vide  Lingard, ' vol.  ii.  p.  210),  that  the 
attempted  rising  took  place. 

Hume  (vol.  v.  p.  474),  says  — 

"  Venner,  [a  desperate  enthusiast,  who  had  often  con- 
spired against  Cromwell,  having  by  his  zealous  lectures 
inflamed  his  own  imagination  and  that  of  his  followers, 
issued  forth  at  their  head  into  the  streets  of  London. 
They  were,  to  the  number  of  sixty,  completely  armed ; 
believed  themselves  invulnerable  and  invincible,  and 
firmly  expected  the  same  success  which  had  attended 
Gideon  and  other  heroes  of  the  Old  Testament  Every 
one  at  first  fled  before  them.  One  unhappy  man,  who, 
being  questioned,  said  he  was  '  for  God  and  l£ing  Charles,' 
was  instantly  murdered  by  them.  They  went  triumph- 
antly from  street  to  street,  everywhere  proclaiming  '  King 
Jesus,'  who,  they  said,  was  the  invincible  leader.  At 
length  the  magistrates,  having  assembled  some  train- 
bands, made  an  attack  upon  them.  They  defended  them- 
selves with  order  as  well  as  valour,  and  after  killing  many 
assailants,  they  made  a  regular  retreat  into  Cane  Wood, 
near  Hampstead.  Next  morning  they  were  chased  by  a 
detachment  of  the  Guards,  but  they  ventured  again  to 
invade  the  city,  which  was  not  prepared  to  receive  them. 
After  committing  great  disorder,  and  traversing  almost 
every  street  of  that  immense  capital,  they  retired  into  a 
house  which  they  were  resolved  to  defend  to  the  last  ex- 
tremity. Being  surrounded,  the  house  untiled,  they 
were  fired  upon  from  every  side,  and  they  still  refused 
quarter.  The  people  rushed  in  upon  them,  and  seized 
the  few  that  were  alive.  They  were  tried,  condemned, 
and  executed,  and  to  the  last  they  persisted  in  affirming 
that,  if  they  were  deceived,  it  was  the  Lord  that  had  de- 
ceived them." — Vide  State  Trials,  vi.  105 ;  Heath,  471 ; 
Parker,  De  Rebus  stti  Temporis,  10 ;  Pepys,  i.  167 — 172. 

V.  S.  J.  F. 

BRIDPORT,  ITS  TOPOGRAPHY,  ETC.  (3rd  S.  iv. 
75.) — An  amusing  account  of  the  political  status 
of  this  borough  ante  the  Reform  Bill  may  be 
.found  in  Oldfield's  Representative  History,  vol.  iii. 
p.  386,  and  Willis's  Notitia  Parliaments ia,  vol.  ii. 
p.  459. 

May  I  also  take  this  opportunity  of  correcting 
an  error  in  Mr.  Maskell's  Lecture  on  Bridport? 
On  p.  33  he  says,  "  none  of  her  representatives 
have  won  much  distinction  in  the  political  world." 
Political  distinction  is  a  lot  that  falls  but  to  very 


few  in  an  assembly  like  the  House  of  Commons ; 
but  there  have  been  some  famous  members  for 
Bridport,  —  Sir  Evan  Nepean,  Lord  Hood,  the 
first  Lord  Wynford,  Sir  John  Homily,  Horace 
Twiss,  and  the  present  junior  member,  Mr.  K.  D. 
Hodgson — are  names  of  M.P.'s  of  more  than  an 
average  respectability.  E.  E.  C. 

STRANGE  DERIVATIONS  (3rd  S.  iv.  135.)  —  My 
observation  on  the  derivation  of  Pontifex  given 
by  GIRALDUS  was,  that  it  "  admits  of  question  :  " 
and  it  does  so  in  a  far  wider  sense  than  J.  EAST- 
WOOD seems  to  be  at  all  aware  of.  If  the  only 
"  question  "  it  admitted  of  were  the  simple  one 
alluded  to  by  your  correspondent  (vide  Kennet's 
Romau  Antiquities,  p.  71),  it  might  well  have  been 
"  lightly  passed  over  "  by  him,  and  not  primarily 
noticed  by  me  in  "  N.  &  Q."  J.  EASTWOOD  en- 
tirely ignores  the  posse  facer  e  theory,  quia  illis  jus 
erat  sacra  faciendi ;  and  the  more  modern  one 
given  by  Dr.  Donaldson,  New  Cratylus,  Section 
295,  where  he  says :  — 

"  From  the  root  pos,  strengthened  by  n  in  the  present 
of  po[s~]no,  posui,  we  have  the  participial  noun/>on«  = 
pos  -nts,  which  had  a  primitive  form  pos ;  and  this  con- 
veyed the  idea  of  laying  down  heavily,  whether  this 
signified  that  a  mass  of  stones  was  thrown  into  the 
water  (yt-fyvpa),  or  generally  that  there  was  a  weight 
which  caused  an  inclination  of  the  scale.  This  no  doubt 
is  the  origin  of  s-ponte,  which  refers  to  the  momentum  of 
moral  inclination,  and  thus  we  get  the  explanation  of  the 
Pontifex,  who  settled  the  Atonement  by  the  imposition  of  a 
Jine,  i.  e.  a  certain  weight  of  copper,  as  opposed  to  the 
Carni-fex,  who  took  satisfaction  on  the  body  of  the  delin- 
quent." 

Plutarch,  Life  of  Numa  Pompilius,  writes  as 
follows :  — 

"  But  the  most  common  opinion  is  the  most  absurd  which 
derives  this  word  (Pontifex)  from  the  Latin  Pans,  which 
signifies  a  Bridge,  saying  that  anciently  the  most  solemn 
and  holy  sacrifices  were  offered  on  bridges ;  the  care  of 
which,  both  in  maintaining  and  repairing,  was  the  chief 
incumbence  of  the  priests." 

An  opinion  which  Plutarch  calls  absurd  I  am  at 
least  justified,  notwithstanding  J.  EASTWOOD  and 
the  school  editions  of  Roman  Antiquities,  in 
noticing  as  one  that  "  admits  a  question."  As  to 
Treacle,  I  am  obliged  to  C.  P.  E.  for  directing 
me  to  the  passage  in  Bishop  Andrewes.  Galen, 
&c.  I  was  aware  of.  I  see  nothing  to  impugn  my 
statement  as  to  its  derivation  from  Qripiov  being 
what  I  first  called  it,  "  a  tolerable  specimen  of  a 
ramble  in  search  of  a  root." 

W.  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 

I  would  refer  MR.  ROWLANDS  to  a  long  article 
by  myself  on  the  word  "  Treacle,"  which  will  be 
found  in  "  N.  &  Q."  3rd  S.  i.  145.  F.  CHANCE. 

SURNAMES  (3rd  S.  iv.  122.)— The  name"  Black- 
intheinouth"  has  its  equivalent  in  Spanish, 
"  Bocca-negra,"  or  "  Black-mouth."  The  Minister 
for  Foreign  Affairs  at  Mexico,  under  Presi- 
dent Santa  Anna  in  1841,  bore  this  name.  May 


3**  S.  IV.  AUG.  29,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


177 


not  the  curious  names  cited  by  V9  indicate 
class  of  persons?    Villains  must  have   assumec 
surnames,  and  do  not  some  of  the  names  men 
tioned  sound  like  those  of  bondage  servants  in 
ecclesiastical  establishments  ?  F. 

RING  MOTTOES  (3rd  S.  iii.  503.) — The  wedding 
ring  of  the  wife  of  Dr.  George  Bull,  Bishop  of  St 
David's,  who  was  married  on  Ascension  Day 
1658,  bore  the  motto  "  Bene  parere,  parere,  parare 
det  mini  Deus."  See  Life  of  Dr.  Bull  by  Rober 
Nelson,  second  edition,  London,  1714,  p.  47. 

Tour  correspondents  J.  Y.  and  MB.  BOWEN 
ROWLANDS,  will  find  in  the  above  book  another 
beautiful  example  of  dying  devotion  to  the  Eng- 
lish church.  J.  H.  S. 

WARDEN  OF  THE  CINQUE  POETS  (3rd  S.  iv. 
129.) — The  Lord  Warden  whose  procession  is 
depicted  in  Wootton's  Prospect  of  Dover  Castle, 
&c.,  at  Knole,  Sevenoaks,  is  Lionel  Cranfield 
Sackville,  who  was  made  Constable  of  Dover 
Castle,  and  Lord  Warden  of  the  Cinque  Ports, 
by  Queen  Anne,  in  1708,  and  advanced  to  the 
Dignity  of  Duke  of  Dorset  by  George  I.  in  1720. 
The  portraits  of  his  Grace,  Sir  Bazil  Dixon, 
•Maximilian  Buck,  Chaplain  to  the  Duke,  and 
many  years  Rector  of  Seal,  Kent,  and  others,  are 
introduced  into  the  picture,  which  was  painted 
by  Wootton  in  1727,  and  is  in  size  10  ft.  by  7  ft. 
EDWARD  J.  WOOD. 

RECORD  COMMISSION  PUBLICATIONS  (3rd  S.  ii. 
101.)  —  Copies  of  the  works  referred  to  by  MR. 
IRVINE  are  in  the  Library  of  Lincoln's  Inn,  forming 
part  of  the  valuable  collection  presented  by  MR. 
C.  P.  Cooper  to  the  Hon.  Society. 

JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORKAHD,  M.A. 

QUOTATION,  "  LOVE  THOU  THY  SORROW  "  (3rd  S. 
iv.  129.) — This  is  a  short  poem  of  two  verses  by 
Mr.  H.  Sutton,  of  Nottingham,  and  was  first  pub- 
lished in  the  Truth-Seeker,  and  then  in  a  small 
volume  which  appeared,  I  believe,  in  1850.  It 
was  printed  at  Nottingham.'  The  following  is 
the  complete  poem  :  — 

"  SORROW. 

"  The  flowers  live  by  the  tears  that  fall 

From  the  sad  face  of  the  skies ; 
And  life  would  have  no  joys  at  all, 
Were  there  no  watery  eyes. 

"  Love  thou  thy  sorrow :  grief  shall  bring 

Its  own  excuse  in  after  years ; 

The  rainbow  — see  how  fair  a  thing 

God  hath  built  up  from  tears !  " 

Mr.  Sutton  is  also  the  author  of  a  prose  work, 
entitled  The  Evangel  of  Love.  J.  A.  L. 

ST.  GERMAIN  (3rd  S.  iv.  70.)— There  were 
several  families  of  this  name  in  France  ;  perhaps 
MELETES  will  be  able  to  select  the  one  he  requires 
from  the  following  list :  — 

St.  Germain,  barons  d'Annebaud  (Normandy 


and  Brittany).  De  gu.  un  chev.  d'arg.,  ace.  de 
trois  besans  du  meme. 

St.  Germain,  de  Courson  (Ile-de-France). 
D'arg.  un  nuage  d'az.  ch.  d'un  creur  d'or. 

St.  Germain  Langot  (Normandy).  De  gu.  a, 
la  fleur-de-lis  d'arg. 

St.  Germain  de  Larchat  (Normandy  and  Brit- 
tany). D'arg.  a  la  bande  ondee  de  sa. 

St.  Germain  de  Merieu  (Dauphine).  D'or,  a 
la  bande  d'az.  ch.  de  trois  croissants,  d'arg. 

St.  Germain  de  Villette  (Dauphine).  D'or,  a 
la  bande  d'az.  ch.  de  trois  colombes  d'arg.  tenant 
chacune  en  son  bee  une  etoile  d'or. 

St.  Germain.  D'arg.  un  chev.  d'az.  ace.  de 
trois  mulettes  de  sa.  JOHN  WOODWARD. 

THE  MAYPOLE  IN  THE  STRAND  (3rd  S.  iv.  126.) 
There  must  surely  have  been  a  maypole  in  the 
Strand  later  than  1717.  Fifty  years  after  the 
death  of  Sir  Isaac  Newton  it  comes  up  again,  and 
in  connection  with  the  name  of  another  astronomer. 
Derham,  in  the  Preface  to  his  Astro-  Theology  (it 
is  the  edition  of  1775  that  I  have  before  me),  re- 
fers to  "  the  old  former  complaint  of  the  want  of 
a  long  pole  to  manage  Mr.  Huygens's  glass  with  " 
(the  "  grand  obstacle  to  all  his  views  "  with  this 
telescope,  which  had  been  lent  to  him  by  the 
Royal  Society,  being  "  the  vapours  near  the 
horizon,")  and  — 

"  Takes  this  opportunity  of  publicly  owning,  with  all 
honour  and  thankfulness,  the  generous  offer  made  to  him 
by  some  of  his  friends,  eminent  in  their  stations,  as  well 
as  skill  and  abilities  in  the  laws,  who.  would  have  made 
him  a  present  of  the  Maypole  in  the  Strand  (which  was 
to  be  taken  down),  or  any  other  pole  he  thought  con- 
venient for  the  management  of  Mr.  Huygens's  glass. 
But  as  his  incapacity  of  accepting  the  favour  of  these 
noble  Maecenases  had  been  the  occasion  of  that  excellent 
_lass  being  put  into  better  hands,  so  he  assured  himself 
iheir  expectations  were  abundantly  answered  by  the 
number  and  goodness  of  the  observations  that  had  been, 
and  would  be,  made  therewith." 

A  second  time,  therefore,  "  the  Maypole  in  the 
Strand  "  had  the  chance  of  doing  duty  as  a  Peak 
of  Tenerifie.  C. 

MAGIC  PEAR  OF  COALSTON  (3rd  S.  iii.  466.) — 
Sir  R.  Brown,  the  eldest  son  of  the  Baronet  of 
Colstoun,  in  his  Baronetage  for  1843,  gives  the 
bllowing  account  of  this  pear :  — 

"  In  1270,  the  Baron  of  Colstoun  m.  the  daughter  of 
lugo  de  Gilford,  Baron  of  Tester,  celebrated  for  his  ne- 
romantic  powers  (see  Scott's  "  Marmion  "),  and  as  they 
were  proceeding  to  church,  the  wizard  lord  stopped  the 
irocession  beneath  a  pear-tree,  and  plucking  one  of  the 
ears,  gave   it  to  his  daughter,  saying,  so  long  as  the 
ift  was  preserved,  good  fortune  would  never  desert  her 
r  her  descendants.    This  pear,  now  nearly  six  centuries 
old,  is  still  preserved  at  Colstoun  House,  with  the  vene- 
ration due  to  so  singular  a  Palladium ;  and  apart  from 
the  legend,  it  is  perhaps  the  most  singular  vegetable 
curiosity  in  the  kingdom." 

R.  H.  R. 


178 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  AUG.  29,  '63. 


To  TERRIFY  (3rd  S.  iv.  126.)  — This  word  is 
common  in  Norfolk,  but  not  in  the  sense  of  to 
shake,  but  to  do  much  more  formidable  injury. 
In  Forby's  Vocabulary  of  East  Anglia,  the  fol- 
lowing meanings  are  given,  —  "  to  teaze,  irritate, 
annoy."  But  we  constantly  hear  it  used  in  pas- 
sionate threats ;  as,  "  I'll  terrify  your  vitals." 
The  meaning  here  is,  to  tear  out.  The  word  is 
evidently  derived  from  to  tear,  and  is  indeed  pro- 
nounced tearify.  F.  C.  H. 

CLOUDBERRY  (3rd  S.  iii.  512;  iv.  39.)  —  In 
Staffordshire,  Cloud  means  a  hill ;  may  not  that 
account  for  the  word  Cloudberry,  since  the  habitat 
of  that  plant  is  on  mountains  ? 

W.  I.    S.  HORTON. 

DEATH  OF  THE  CZAR  NICHOLAS  (3rd  S.  iv.  28, 
77.) — This  query  gives  me  an  opportunity  to  re- 
cord the  following  incident  in  the  life  of  the  Czar 
Nicholas,  which  I  heard  from  the  lips  of  a  Polish 
Jew  some  years  ago,  but  as  I  have  not  read  any 
account  of  it,  perhaps  some  of  your  readers  may 
be  able  to  substantiate  or  disprove  it.  I  ought 
to  say  that  I  have  no  reason  to  doubt  the  veracity 
of  my  informant,  and  that  he  was  not  animated  by 
unkind  feeling  towards  the  emperor.  On  the 
contrary,  when  I  happened  to  let  a  word  slip 
against  the  czar,  he  rebuked  me  —  "  Hush !  thou 
shalt  not  speak  evil  of  the  ruler  of  thy  people ; 
besides,  he  is  the  '  King  of  the  North,'  whose 
future  is  mixed  up  with  the  future  of  my  own 
people." 

He  stated  that  it  was  customary  (when  he  re- 
sided in  St.  Petersburgh)  to  present  his  majesty 
on  the  anniversary  of  his  coronation  with  a  silver 
arm  chair,  when  he  sat  in  it,  and  received  the 
address  from  the  deputation.  On  the  last  occa- 
sion, before  the  emperor  had  time  to  sit  down,  an 
aide-de-camp  stepped  forward,  and  with  his 
sword  struck  the  seat  of  the  chair  a  heavy  blow, 
which,  touching  a  secret  spring,  the  arms  of  the 
chair  opened,  and  two  sharp  blades  protruded 
which  would  have  cut  him  in  two  had  he  sat  down 
as  usual. 

Now,  some  wise  people  have  shaken  their  wise 
heads  at  [my  tale,  but  I  am  only  the  echo.  I  still 
think  the  author  was  not  a  manufacturer  of 
canards,  and  shall  do  so  until  I  can't  help  it. 

GEORGE  LLOYD. 

Thurstonland. 

P.S.  I  ought  to  state  that  my  Hebrew  friend 
said  in  continuation  —  "  The  conduct  of  the  aide 
surprised  every  one  more  than  the  conspiracy 
itself."  That  part  of  the  mystery  was  never  un- 
ravelled. Some  said  he  knew  it  by  inspiration  ; 
some  by  intuition ;  some  that  he  was  one  of  the 
lot,  and  split.  "  Further  deponent  sayeth  not." 

CALTHROP  (3rd  S.  iv.  140.)  —  I  assure  your  cor- 
respondent, MR.  WORKARD,  that  I  too  observed 
the  difficulty  to  which  he  calls  attention,  but  as 


funeral  entries  are  now  declared  (by  the  decision 
of  the  House  of  Lords  in  the  Dunboyne  Peerage 
Case)  to  be  evidence,  their  contents  must  be 
taken  as  true.  I  now  give  a  copy  verbatim  et  lite- 
ratim of  the  entry  at  p.  60  of  the  3rd  vol.  of  the 
Funeral  Entries  in  Ulster  Office,  which  I  have 
this  day  made  from  the  original :  — 

"  Sr  Charles  Calthrop  K*  one  of  yc  Justices  of  yc  CouTon 
pleas  dec:  ye  6  of  Januarie  1616  and  is  buried  in  Christ 
Church  Dublin ;  he  was  aged  about  92  y:  his  first  wife 
was  Winifride  Zoto,  his  second  Dorothie  Deane,  he  left 
noe  issue ;  He  was  sonne  of  Sr  Fraunces  Calf.  K'  sonne 
of  Sr  Wm  Call:  Kl  High  Shireve  of  yp  contie  of  Norfolk 
1:  H:  6.  sonne  of  Bartholomew,  sonne  of  Sr  Wm,  sonne  of 
Sr  Olevir  sonne  of  Sr  VVm  Calthrop  Kl  y*  lived  in  the  tyme 
of  the  Conquerour." 

There  are  two  other  entries  in  the  same  volume 
relating  to  his  two  wives.  This  information  I 
extracted  several  years  since  for  my  own  private 
use,  through  the  kindness  and  liberality  of  Sir  J. 
Bernard  Burke.  H.  Lorrus  TOTTENHAM. 

Dublin. 

REGIOMONTANUS  (3rd  S.  iv.  110.) — Without 
assigning  any  ground  for  his  doubt,  MR.  DAVIS, 
in  opposition  to  all  recognised  authorities,  pro- 
fesses not  to  believe  that  the  family  name  of 
Regiomontanus  was  Miiller.  The  Latin  pseu- 
donym and  its  German  synonym,  Kynsperger, 
were  evidently  assumed,  in  accordance  with  the 
custom  of  the  time,  from  the  place  of  his  birth— 
Konigsberg  or  Mons  Regius. 

The  life  of  Regiomontanus  was  not  passed  in  a 
garret,  and  it  surely  must  be  easy  to  trace  the 
sire-name  of  the  scientific  bishop.  Is  there  no 
list  at  Rome,  or  Ratisbon,  from  which  we  may 
learn  the  patronymics  of  those  who  have  been 
promoted  to  ecclesiastical  dignities?  By-the-bye, 
Miiller  was  not  the  first  savant  on  the  episcopal 
throne  of  Ratisbon,  for,  if  I  remember  rightly, 
Albertus  Magnus  had  formerly  occupied  it,  though 
only  for  a  short  period.  The  only  lists  of  bishops 
of  this  see  with  which  I  am  acquainted  are — 1. 
"  Breve  Chronicon  Episcoporum  Ratisbonensium, 
ex  Chronica  Conradi  de  Monte  Puellarum  Con- 
fectum,"  and,  2.  "  Chronicon  Episc.  Ratisbon. 
Anonymi  Authoris."  The  first  of  these  ends 
with  Conrad  III.  in  1296,  the  last  with  Conrad  IV. 
in  1368.  The  Chronicle  of  Andrew  of  Ratisbon 
mentions  no  bishop  later  than  1437,  Fridericus 
"  Parsperger  "  being  the  last ;  but  the  Cathedral 
Archives  of  Ratisbon  would  doubtless  give  the 
information  required  by  your  correspondent. 

CHESSBOROUGH. 

BAYNBRIGG  (3rd  S.  iii.  489 ;  iv.  15.) — In  family 
papers,  which  perhaps  may  be  of  use  to  B.  A.  H., 
I  find  Nicholas  Buckeridge,  of  Northaw,  co.  Herts, 
married  Sarah,  daughter  and  co-heiress  of  William 
Bainbrigge  of  St.  Giles's-in-the-Fields,  London ; 
issue,  Baynbrigg  Buckeridge  ;  who  married,  first, 
a  daughter  of  Sir  Edward  Atkins,  Knt. ;  no  issue. 


S.  IV.  AUG.  29,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


179 


Secondly,  in  1711,  Mary  Geering,  daughter  and 
heiress  of  William  Geering  of  Broadwater,  and 
Goring,  co.  Sussex  ;  by  her  he  had  two  sons,  Henry 
Bainbrigg  Buckeridge  of  Erleigh  Court,  near  Son- 
ning ;  and  Nicholas,  who  died  unmarried.  The 
property  in  St.  Giles's  belongs  now,  Meux's 
Brewery  included,  to  Francis  Hotchkin  Bucke- 
ridpe  of  Sonning,  near  Reading. 

Henry  Baynbrigg  Buckeridge  of  Lincoln's  Inn, 
and  also  of  Highgate,  in  the  county  of  Middlesex, 
is  in  a  direct  line  descended  from  Arthur  Bucke- 
ridge of  Grand  Chester,  in  the  county  of  Cam- 
bridge, who  was  brother  to  the  late  Rev.  John 
Buckeridge,  Bishop  of  Rochester,  and  afterwards 
of  Ely;  that  the  said  bishop  had  arms  granted 
unto  him  by  William  Camden,  Esq.,  Clarenceux 
King  of  Arras,  without  any  limitation  of  them  to 
his  brother;  whereby,  upon  the  death  of  the  said 
bishop,  he  dying  unmarried,  the  said  arms  ceased ; 
and  that  he  is  unwilling  to  use  any  ensigns  of 
honour  without  an  unquestionable  authority,  hath 
therefore  prayed  his  lordship's  warrant  for  our 
granting  and  confirming  to  him  and  his  descen- 
dants, and  to  the  descendants  of  his  father  Bayn- 
brigg Buckeridge,  both  deceased :  the  which  arms 
were  borne  by  the  said  Bishop  Buckeridge  for  the 
term  of  his  life. 

The  arms  were  granted  to  Henry  Baynbrigg 
Buckeridge,  the  1st  of  April,  the  llth  year  of 
George  II.,  1738.  JULIA  R.  BOCKETT. 

Bradney,  near  Burghfield  Bridge,  Reading. 

GRAPE  AND  SEASIDE-GRAPE  (3rd  S.  iv.  85.) — 
Your  correspondent  S.  has  remarked  upon  Sir  A. 
Alison's  well-known  and  graphic  description  of 
the  West  Indies,  because  it  speaks  of  the  fruit 
of  the  sea-side  grape  as  "  grapes."  To  strengthen 
his  case,  your  correspondent  adds,  "  there  is  as 
little  affinity  between  the  grape  and  the  sea-side 
grape  as  between  the  strawberry  and  the  '  straw- 
berry tree.' " 

This  may  be  botanically  true ;  but  with  regard 
to  the  fruit  of  the  sea-side  grape,  which  is  now 
the  question,  I  beg  leave  to  demur.  Not  only 
are  strawberries  very  good  eating,  especially  with 
cream,  but  they  are  generally  considered  an  en- 
tirely harmless  and  indeed  wholesome  fruit.  But, 
on  the  contrary,  the  fruit  of  the  strawberry-tree, 
or  arbutus  —  at  any  rate  the  mature  and  fully- 
developed  fruit  as  it  grows  in  the  South  of 
Europe — has  a  very  bad  name.  It  is  sometimes 
given  with  a  bad  design,  and  with  a  similar  de- 
sign it  is  sometimes  eaten  intentionally ;  but 
"  Xo  quiere mi  Madre  que  yo  coma  madrono" 
says  the  Spanish  song  (Madrono,  the  fruit  of  the 
strawberry-tree)  ;  and  no  one  can  partake  of  that 
fruit  without  consequences  which  all  discreet  and 
decent  people  would  deprecate. 

The  affinity,  then,  between  the  common  straw- 
berry and  the  fruit  of  the  strawberry-tree  is  very 


remote,  and  almost  of  that  kind  which  a  certain 
writer  of  Hibernian  extraction  has  called  "  anti- 
thetical." But  the  'affinity  between  the  fruit  of 
the  seaside-grape  and  that  of  the  common  vine, 
or  Vitis  vinifera*  is  of  that  more  ordinary  descrip- 
tion which  may  be  termed  homogeneous.  Thus, 
according  to  Dr.  Grainger  (The  Sugar  Cane, 
a  poem,  London,  1764,  book  iv.  563-5,  and  note), 
the  seaside-grape  is  not  bad  for  food,  its  "  clus- 
ters," when  they  ripen,  become  " impurpled"  and 
it  makes  wine.  Now  this  fruit,  be  it  observed, 
the  worthy  Doctor  himself  twice  calls  simply 
"  grapes."—  "  It  (the  tree)  bears  large  clusters  of 
grapes";  and  again,  "  the  grapes,  steept  in  water." 
And  as,  though  he  published  in  London,  he  wrote 
in  the  West  Indies,  whence  he  hails  as  a  resident, 
we  may  fairly  infer  that  he  there  found  "  grapes," 
simply  "grapes,"  a  received  and  well-known  name 
for  the  fruit  in  question.  What  wonder  then  if 
Sir  Archibald,  writing  about  the  West  Indies, 
uses  the  same  word  in  the  same  sense  ? — of  course 
always  supposing  in  his  readers  sufficient  gump- 
tion to  understand  him.  If  I  am  writing  of  a 
small  .specimen  of  West  Indian  currency  called  a 
dog,  surely  I  am  not  bound  to  add  in  a  note, 
"  not  dog,  a  quadruped."  SCHIN. 

TITLES  BORNE  BY  CLERGYMEN  (3rd  S.  iv.  148.) — 
Besides  the  baronets  (of  whom  a  long  list  has 
already  been  given  in  "  N.  &  Q."),  there  are  the 
Earls  of  Abergavenny,  Buckinghamshire,  and 
Guilford ;  Lords  Bayning,  De  Saumarez,  Saye 
and  Sele,  Alwyne  Compton,  T.  Hay,  Arthur  and 
Charles  Hervey,  Wriothesley  Russell,  and  John 
Thynne  (perhaps  others),  and  more  than  one 
hundred  Honourables;  to  whom  may  be  added 
Counts  Dawson-Duffield  and  John  de  la  Feld ; 
all  clergymen  of  the  Church  of  England.  Lord 
Auckland  is  Bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells.  The 
Earl  of  Kilmorey  and  Viscount  Mountmorres  are 
clergymen  of  the  church  of  Ireland.  Lord  Plun- 
ket  is  Bishop  of  Tuam.  Sir  W.  L.  Darell  (not 
Darrell)  is  a  baronet,  and  an  English  clergyman. 
JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORKARD,  M.A. 

ST.  PATRICK  AND  VENOMOUS  CREATURES  IN 
IRELAND  (3rd  S.  iv.  82,  132.)— Dean  Swift,  in  a 
note  to  his  "  Verses  on  the  sudden  Drying  up  of 
St.  Patrick's  Well,  near  Trinity  College,  Dublin," 
says :  — 

"  There  are  no  snakes,  vipers,  or  toads  in  Ireland,  and 
even  frogs  were  not  known  there  until  about  the  year 
1700.  The  magpies  came  a  short  time  before,  and  the 
Norway  rats  since." 

JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORKARD,  M.A. 

KNIGHTHOOD  :  MILES,  EQUES,  EQUES  AUHATUS 
(3rd  S.  iv.  7,  137.)  —  Selden  says,  in  respect  to 
these  terms  :  — 

"  With  us  in  England,  quisuscipet  ordinem  militia  is  the 
dubbed  Knight,  and  him  generally  we  call  a  Knight;  yet 


180 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3"»  S.  IV.  AUG.  29,  '63. 


also  the  word  milites  denotes  Gentlemen  or  great  Free- 
holders of  the  County  also,  and  they  are  called  Knights 
in  our  lawes  that  concerne  either  choice  of  Coroners  or 
Knights  of  the  Parliament,  although  they  be  no  created 
Knights."—  Titles  of  Honour,  p.  436. 

"Knights  being  Equites  aurati  (and  called  so  from 
their  gilt  spurs,  which  they  were  wont  to  have  put  on  at 
their  creation),  are  also  known  and  exprest  by  the  name 
of  milites  fatti."— P.  437. 

"  The  Equestrian  Order,  in  old  Eome,  consisted  of  such 
as  were  Equites ;  who  anciently  had  their  rank  only  from 
the  Roman  census  eqwstris,  and  the  censor's  choice  or 
allowance  of  them." — Ib. 

"  Knight  (miles)  and  chivaler,  are  but  the  same  with 
eqttes."— P.  761. 

JOB  J.  BABDWELL  WOBKARD,  M.A. 

MAGIC  MIRRORS  (3rd  S.  iv.  155.) — The  use  of 
"divining,"  or  "seeing"  glasses,  is  quite  common 
at  the  present  day,  and  by  persons  of  good  educa- 
tion. In  my  own  possession  are  four  made  of 
glass:  one  is  round,  the  others  are  egg-shaped. 
One  of  the  latter  was  obtained  from  Hull,  mounted 
on  a  mahogany  stand,  the  narrow  end  upwards, 
and  sold  to  me  as  having  been  "  consecrated."  The 
largest  of  the  egg-shaped  ones  belonged  to  the 
wizard,  Henry  Harrison,  who  lived  at  Leeds ; 
and  is  the  identical  glass  which  Dove  looked  in 
before  administering  strychnine  to  his  wife,  and 
for  which  crime  he  was  executed  at  York  some 
few  years  ago.  On  one  side  is  scratched,  in  re- 
verse characters,  the  word  "  Nature."  I  have 
repeatedly  seen  these  glasses  for  sale  in  glass  and 
china  shops.  Now  before  me  are  two  MS.  rules 
for  the  consecration  of  the  glasses  before  use. 
They  commence  with  an  invocation  to  the  Deity, 
and  another  to  the  angel  of  the  day,  to  each  of 
whom  there  are  separate  invocations. 

After  the  incantation,  &c.,  follows  the  "  dis- 
charge for  the  spirit  to  depart." 

These  rules  vary  slightly  in  form,  and  may  be 
seen  in  Barrett's  Magus,  book  ii.,  published  in 
4to,  1801. 

I  have  little  doubt  they  are  taken  from  the 
Clavicula  Salomonis  filii  David,  a  tract  of  forty- 
seven  pages ;  of  which  I  have  an  edition,  pub- 
lished without  year  or  place  (but  early  in  the 
seventeenth  century),  in  Holland. 

EDWARD  HAILSTONE. 
Horton  Hall. 

SERJEANTS'  RINGS  GIVEN  TO  THE  SOVEREIGN 
(3rd  S.  iv.  83,  156.)— Every  serjeant-at-law,  on 
being  sworn  in,  presents  to  certain  official  per- 
sonages of  importance  rings  of  pure  gold,  with  a 
motto  upon  them ;  not  his  family  motto,  but  a 
motto  which  he  adopts  for  the  occasion.  One  of 
these  rings,  of  very  large  dimensions,  with  the 
motto  inscribed  in  enamel,  is  given  by  each  ser- 
jeant  to  the  Queen ;  and  no  doubt,  from  a  very 
early  period,  these  rings  have  been  so  given  to  the 
sovereigns  of  this  country.  Now,  I  should  like 
to  know  if  they  have  been  preserved.  Possibly 


they  may  be  kept  at  Windsor,  or  in  some  other 
royal  archive.  If  so,  a  catalogue  of  them,  with 
the  names,  dates,  and  mottoes  in  full,  would  be 
extremely  curious  and  interesting ;  and  certainly 
of  no  little  value  in  many  questions  of  history  and 
pedigree.  A. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PCRCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 
HILL'S  (ItEv.  JOHN)  SERMONS.    8vo.    London,  1794. 
ANECDOTES  OF  EMINENT  PERSONS.    2  Vols.  8vo.    London,  1813. 
PARLIAMENTARY  PORTRAITS.    8vo.    London,  1815. 
THE  IRISH  PULPIT.    3  Vols.  8vo.    Dublin,  1827—39.    Vol.  in. 
ALISON'S  (Sm  A.)  HISTORY  OF  EUROPE.    20  Vols.    Vol.  V. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  B.  H.  Blacker,  Bokeby,  Blackrock,  Dublin. 


THE    RISE  AND   PROORESS   op  THE   ENGLISH  COMMONWEALTH:  Anglo- 
Saxon  Period,  by  Francis  Palgrave.    2  Vols. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  James  Wm.  Cool;  72,  Coleman  Street,  City. 

NEW  AND  COMPLETE  DICTIONARY  OF  THE  ENGLISH  LANGUAGE,  by  John 

Ash,  LL.D.  1775.  2  Vols.  8vo. 
DICTIONARY  OF  THE  ANCIENT  LANGUAGE  OF  SCOTLAND.  Edinb.  1804, 

Ho.  No.  1 .,  by  Robert  Allan. 
COTOKAVE'S  FRENCH  DICTIONARY.  Any  edition. 

LOCORUM,  NoMINUM    PROPR1ORCM,  GENTILITIUM,  VoCUMaU*  DIPPICILIO- 

VERNACOLA,  a  Thomas  Crawfurdio.  Emend.  C.  Irvinus.  Edinb.  1665, 

12mo.    In  any  condition. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  J.  Dykes  Campbell,  50,  Buccleuch  Street,  Glasgow. 


Books  wanted  to  borrow. 

The  writer,  to  whom  official  duties  deny  a  regular  attendance  at  the 
Museum  when  the  Beading  Boom  closes  before  six  P.M.,  requires  the 
undermentioned  books;  and  would  be  greatly  obliged  to  any  gentleman 
possessing  them  who  would  kindly  permit  him  to  borrow  them.  Only 
one  or  two  volumes  would  be  required  at  a  time.  Great  care  would  be 
taken  of  them ;  their  return  bonded,  and  (if  required)  a  fair  sum  paid  for 
the  uae  of  them:  — 

Catalogues  of  Harleian  and  Cottonian  MSS.,  and  also  Ayscough's. 
The  publications  of  the  Becord  Commissioners,  and  the  Calendars  issued 

by  the  Master  of  the  Bolls. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Challsteth,  1,  Verulam  Buildings,  Gray's  Inn. 


ta 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS  in  our  next, 

SENNOKE'S  Query  does  not  appear  to  have  been  received.  If  sent,  it 
shall  have  immediate  insertion. 

E.  M.  C.  We  have  two  letters  for  this  Correspondent.  Where  shall 
we  forward  them? 

C.  W.  B.    The  coin  in  question  is  worth  about  ^five  pounds. 

JOHN  DALTON.  There  is  an  article  on  the  Spanish  editions  ofDon 
Quixote  in  the  British  Museum  in  1860,  in  "  2ST.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  ix.  146. 
Bohn's  Lowudes,  pp.  401,  402,  contains  a  list  of  O&  principal  English 
translations. 

ABHBA.  Only  one  Part  of  the  Landscape  Illustrations  of  Moore's  Irish 
Melodies  appears  to  have  been  published. 

S.  A.  T.  The  Ordination  Service  is  omitted  in  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer  printed  by  £askervillefor  the  Cambridge  University  in  1762. 

A  SUBSCRIBER.  A  notice  of  Edmond  Howes,  the  editor  of  State's 
Chronicle,  will  be  found  in  our  1st  S.  v.  199. 

ERRATA  —  3rd  S.  iv.  p.  106,  col.  ii.  line  14  from  bottom,  for  "  authen- 
tically" read  "antithetically;"  p.  143,  col.  i.  line  21  from  bottom,  for 
"  aeris  "  read  "  aiiris." 

"NOTES  AND  QOBRIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  Us.  id.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  MBSSRS.  BELL  AND  DALDY,  186,  FLEET  STREET,  E.C.,  to  whom 
all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


Full  benefit  of  reduced  duty  obtained  by  purchasing  Horniman's  Pure 
Tea;  very  choice  at  3s.  id.andte.  "High  Standard"  at  4s.  4d.  (for- 
merly 4s.  Sd.),  is  the  strongest  and  most  delicious  imported.  Agents  in 
every  town  supply  it  in  Packets. 


3^  S.  IV.  AUG.  29, '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

TI7ESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

ft      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIEF  Orncxa  :  S,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.  E.  Bicknell,  Esq. 

T.  Somers  Cocks,  Esq.,  M.A., J.P. 

Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  B.  E.  Howard,  D.C.L. 

James  Hunt,  Esq. 

John  Leigh,  Esq. 

Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 

F.  B.  Marson.Esq. 

E.  VansittartNeale,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Jae.  Lys  Seager,  Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White,  Esq. 


J  .  rx.  uuuuj mi  L,  f.54 . ,  v .x.  • 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 
Peter  Hood,  Esq. 

Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary. — Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MEDICAL  MSN  are  remunerated, in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOB  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  1 4s. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24&. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux  24s.  and  30s  perdoz. 

Good  Hock 30».    „     - 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  42s.    „ 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24s.    „ 

Port  2i».,30s.    „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  perdoz. 

Vintage  1834 108s.        „ 

Vintage  1840 „     84s. 

Vintage  1847 „     72s. 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry, 36s., 42s.. 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s., 42s.,  48s., 60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Alarcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  (Ms., 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120s.;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  4*5^,6*  66s 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66*.  78s. ;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey  Fron'- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymse  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
otner  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  7">s  per  doz  • 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :   15J,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 
Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 

(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 

THE  NATURAL  WINES  of  FRANCE.  —  J. 
CAMPBELL,  Wine  Merchant,  158,  Regent  Street,  recommends 
attention  to  the  following  CLARETS,  selected  by  himself  on  the 
Garonne:  —  Vinde  Bordeaux  (which  greatly  improves  by  keeping  in 
bottle  two  or  three  years),  20s.;  St.  Julien,  22s.;  La  Rose,  26s.;  St. 
Estephe,  36s.;  St.  Emilion,  42s.;  Haut  Brion,  48*.;  Lafitte,  Latour, 
and  Chateau  Margaux,  60s.  to  84s.  per  dozen.  J.  C.'s  experience  and 
known  reputation  for  .French  wine*  will  be  some  guarantee  for  the 
soundness  of  the  wine  quoted  at  20s.  per  dozen. — Note.  Burgundies  from 
36s.  to  54s. ;  Chablis,  26s.  and  30s.  per  dozen.  E.  Clicquot's  finest  Cham- 
pagne, 66s.  per  dozen.  Remittances  or  town  references  should  be  ad- 
dressed JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 


OSTZSO      EXDOV. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

pABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

VT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street, Cavendish  Square,  and 34, Lndgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool ;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth/'    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

JC.  and  J.  FIELD,  Original  Manufacturers  (in 
.  England)  of  PARAFFINE  CANDLES,  to  whom  the  prize 
medal  (1862)  has  been  awarded,  and  their  Candles  adopted  by  her 
Majesty  s  Government  for  use  at  the  Military  Stations  abroad.  These 
Candles  can  be  obtained  of  all  Chandlers  and  Grocers  in  the  United 
Kingdom.  Price  Is.  8rf.  perlb.  Also  Field's  celebrated  United  Service 
Soap  Tablets,  6d.  and  4d.  each.  The  Public  are  cautioned  to  see  that 
Field  s  label  is  on  the  packets  or  boxes.  Wholesale  only,  and  for 
Exportation,  Upper  Marsh,  Lambeth,  London,  S. 


PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

_L        MAGNOLIA,    WHITE    ROSE,    FRANGIPANNI    GERA 
NIUM   PArCHOULY   EVER-SWEET,  tffi W-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1 ,000  others.   2s.  6d.  each.-2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 


HOLLOWAY'S  PILLS.—The  causes  of  dysentery 
in  hot  climates,  and  diarrhoea  in  our  own  country,  may  be  safely 
counteracted  by  the  purifying  agency  of  these  well-known  Pills    Within 
a  tew  years  the  chance  of  escape  from  a  dangerous  disease  was  only  by 
king  dangerous  remedies,  now  the  malady  is  dispelled  by  general 
punhcatwn  of  the  blood  and  its  regenerating  influence  over  every 
gan.    inus  the.  very  means  of  overcoming  the  si-hins,  vomiting, 
§S2£:  an<l,.?framm!>'  include  the   elements   of  renewed   strength, 
loway  s  Pills  are  admirable  tonics  and  astringents,  and  can  be  con- 
fidently relied  upon  whatever  may  have  immediately  given  rise  to  the 
irritation  of  the  bowels.    These  Pills  soothe  the  irritated  membranes 
and  repress  the  excessive  excitability  of  the  intestines. 


SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERRINS' 

•WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOB  LEA  AND  PEBBINS'  SAUCE. 

*»*  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester  i 
MESSRS.  CROSSE  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS,  London,  &c.,  &c. ;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 

PARTRIDGE     6.    COZENS 

Is    the   CHEAPEST    HOUSE  in  the    Trade  for 

PAPER  and  ENVELOPES,  &c.  Useful  Cream-laid  Note,  2s.  3d.  per 
ream.  Superfine  ditto,  3s.  3d.  Sermon  Paper,  3s.  6d.  Straw  Paper,  2s. 
Foolscap,  6s.  6d.  per  Ream.  Black  bordered  Note,  5  Quires  for  Is. 
Super  Cream  Envelopes,  6d.  per  100,  Black  Bordered  ditto,  Is.  per 
100.  Tinted  lined  India  Note  (8  Colours),  5  Quires  for  Is.  6d.  Copy 
Books  (Copies  set),  Is.  6d.  per  dozen.  P.  &  C.'s  Law  Fen  (as  flexible 
as  the  Quill),  2s.  per  gross.  Name  plate  engraved,  and  100  6es(  Cards- 
printed  for  3s.  6d. 

No  Charge  for  Stamping  Arms,  Crests,  $c.from  own  Dies. 

Catalogues  Post  Free;  Orders  over  20s.  Carriage  paid. 
Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS, 

Manufacturing  Stationers,  1 ,  Chancery  Lane,  and  192,  Fleet  St.  E.G. 

Dinneford's  Pure  Fluid  Magnesia 

Has  been,  during  twenty-five  years,  emphatically  sanctioned  by  the 
Medical  Profession,  and  universally  accepted  by  the  Public,  as  the 
Best  Remedy  for  Acidity  of  the  Stomach,  Heartburn,  Headache,  Gout, 
and  Indigestion,  and  as  a  Mild  Aperient  for  delicate  constitutions,  more 
especially  for  Ladies  and  Children.  When  combined  with  the  Acidu- 
lated Lemon  Syrup,  it  forms  an  AGREEABLE  EFFERVESCING  DRADOHT, 
in  which  its  Aperient  qualities  are  much  increased.  During  Hot 
Seasons,  and  in  Hot  Climates,  the  regular  use  of  this  simple  and  elegant 
remedy  has  been  found  highly  beneficial.  It  is  prepared  (in  a  state 
of  perfect  purity  and  of  uniform  strength)  by  DLNNJEFORD  &  CO., 
172,  New  Bond  Street,  London:  and  sold  by  all  respectable  ChemisU 
throughout  the  World. 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3"i  S.  IV.  AUG.  29,  '63. 


MUKRAY'S 
HANDBOOKS  FOR  THE  CONTINENT. 


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m. 
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rv. 
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VI. 

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Map.   PostSvo.   9s. 

vm. 
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IX. 

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XI. 

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Poet  8vo.    10s. 


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HANDBOOK— EGYPT.    The  Nile,  Alexandria, 

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xrv. 
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HANDBOOK  —  INDIA.    Bombay  and  Madras. 

Map.   2 vols.   Postsvo.   24s. 

XVI. 

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SWEDEN,  and  ICELAND.   Maps.   Poet  Svo.   15s. 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A  MEDIUM  OF  INTER-COMMUNICATION 

FOB 

LITEEAEY  MEN,  GENERAL  READERS,  ETC, 

"When  found,  make  a  note  of." — CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


No.  88. 


SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  5,  1863. 


C  Price  Fourpence. 
I  Stamped  Edition, 


F 


IRASER'S  MAGAZINE  for    SEPTEMBER. 

Price  2s.  6d. 
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A  Plea  for  the  Free  Discussion  o."  Theological  Difficulties. 

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NOTES  AND  QUERIES 


181 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  5,  1863. 


CONTENTS.— NO.  88. 

NOTES:— "Juliet"  Unveiled,  181—  Random,  183 —The 
City  Sceptre,  Ib. 

MINOR,  NOTES  :  —  Belief  for  the  Bewitched  —  Longevity  — 
Old  Almanacs  — Robert  Greene,  the  Dramatist  —  Curious 
Imprint  —  Crude :  Cruel  —  Quantity  of  "  pituita  "  —  Mis- 
takes of  the  Novelists,  184. 

QUERIES :  —  "A  Short  Rule  of  good  Life,"  185— Atkinson, 
Governor  of  Senegal  — Lord  Airth's  Complaints — Bean 
Feast  —  Slingsby  Bethel,  Lord  Mayor  and  M.P.  for  Lon- 
don, 1755-6  — Boswell  —  The  Game  of  Cricket  —  Court 
Costumes  of  Louis  XIII.  of  France  —  Dates  Wanted  — 
Peter  Dos  —  Rev.  William  Eastmead  —  Edgar  —  Prideaux 
Errington  —  The  Fleur-de-Lis  forbidden  in  France  — 
Laurence  Halsted — "He  died  and  she  married  the  Bar- 
ber "  —  Inscription  on  Crosthwaite  Font  —  Isabel  of  Glou- 
cester :  one  more  Query —  Lady  Catherine  Rebecca  Man- 
ners —  St.  Patrick  and  the  Shamrock  —  Potheen  —  Prayers 
for  the  Dead,  &c.,  185. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS:— Sir  Francis  Drake  — Porter, 
where  first  sold  —  Satirical  Epitaph  —  Battle  of  Worces- 
ter, 1651  —  Corn.  Schonaeus  —  Joseph  Harpur,  LL.D.,  189. 

REPLIES :  —  The  Knights  Hospitallers  of  St.  John  of 
Jerusalem,  190  —  Strange  Derivations :  Treacle,  191  — 
Treacle,  and  Oyster  Grottoes,  192  —  Albion  and  her  white 
Roses,  193  —  Aerostation,  194  —  Execution  of  Charles  I., 
195  —  Learned  Dane  on  Unicorns  — Jacob's  Staff — Prince 
Christiern  of  Denmark  —  Greek  Phrase — "Faerie  Queene  " 
unveiled  — Theta  —  The  Earl  of  Sefton  —  Whitehall  Place, 
&c. — The  American  Partridge —  Thomas,  Earl  of  Norfolk : 
his  Wives  —  Ben  Jonson  and  Mrs.  Bulstrode  —  Herod  the 
Great  —  Waldo  Family  —  Sinavee  or  Sinavey — Crush  a 
Cup  — Venus  chastising  Cupid,  &c.,  196. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


"JULIET"  UNVEILED. 

After  these  long  and,  I  hope,  not  uninteresting 
wanderings  through  the  enchanted  regions  of 
Faerie  Land  and  Arcady,*  let  us  turn  to  the 
child  of  nature,  Shakspeare;  upon  whose  early 
productions  we  may  rest  assured,  these  two  great 
poets,  his  instant  predecessors,  rained  their  celes- 
tial influence :  — 

"  And  I  in  deep  delight  am  chiefly  drown'd, 
Whenas  himself  to  singing  he  betakes." 

As  the  writings  of  Sidney,  like  Spenser's,  abound 
in  allegory,  the  supposition  naturally  arises  there 
may  be  something  of  an  allegorical  nature  in  those 
plays  which  have  a  reference  to  Sidney.  It  has 
already  been  pointed  out  in  "  Shakspeare,  Sidney, 
and  Essex"  (3rd  S.  iii.  82,  103,  124),  that  an  alle- 
gory may  be  contained  in  the  tragedy  of  Hamlet; 
and  it  requires  no  stretch  of  fancy  to  imagine 
that,  in  the  Two  Gentlemen  of  Verona,  the  stately 
and  aristocratic  Silvia  represents  the  goddess  of 
chivalry,  a  second  Stella ;  whilst  there  is  falseness 
enough  in  pretty  Julia  to  make  a  Lady  Policy,  a 
very  proper  wife  for  Maister  Robert  Cecil. 

But  be  this  as  it  may,  on  looking  into  Romeo 
and  Juliet,  we  find  an  elderly  gentleman  married 


Vide  "The  Arcadia  Unveiled,"  3r<>  S.  iii.  44J,  481, 
501 ;  "The  Faerie  Queene  Unveiled,"  3rd  S.  iv.  21,  &c. 


to  a  lady  only  twenty-eight  years  of  age,  and  a 
daughter  just  fourteen.  Now  this  play  was  pro- 
duced in  1591,  and  Lady  Penelope  Devereux  was 
born  in  1563,  just  twenty-eight  years  before  ;  her 
father  died  in  September,  1576,  earnestly  wishing 
a  marriage  might  take  place  between  his  daughter 
and  Philip  Sidney.  If  then,  a  poetical  marriage 
had  taken  place  at  that  time  between  Astrophel 
and  Stella,  a  young  muse  would  have  been  born 
in  the  summer  of  1577,  coincident  with  the  birth 
of  Juliet.  Further,  it  is  Benvoglio  (Sidney)  who 
urges  Romeo  to  go  to  the  masque,  promising  to 
show  him  a  more  beautiful  maiden  than  his  pre- 
sent love.  Consequently,  we  are  fully  justified 
in  regarding  Juliet  as  the  daughter  of  Stella. 

In  the  Same  category  must  be  placed  Rosaline ; 
each  is  the  muse  or  feminine  reflection  of  her 
lover.  Is  not  Juliet  the  same  wilful  and  pas- 
sionate creature  as  her  Romeo  ?  Is  not  Rosaline 
the  same  saucy  dominant  spirit  as  Biron  ?  Does 
she  not  bear  the  same  relation  to  the  princess  as 
he  to  the  king  ?  And  when  Shakspeare  wrote  — 

"  With  two  pitch  balls  stuck  in  her  head  for  eyes," 
Love's  Labour's  Lost, 

he  must  have  had  in  his  recollection :  — 

"  Or  seeing  jets  black,  but  in  blackness  bright." 

Astrophel  and  Stella,  St  91. 

Notwithstanding  that  certain  nobles  and  cour- 
tiers of  Queen  Elizabeth's  court  are  so  distinctly 
marked  in  Romeo  and  Juliet,  yet  we  clearly  see, 
peering  through  their  shadows,  the  forms  and 
features  of  certain  dramatists  :  and  in  Tybalt  and 
Mercutio  we  readily l  recognise  our  old  friends 
Marlowe  and  Nash,  reminding  us  of  Don  Armado 
and  Moth  in  Love's  Labour's  Lost*  The  two 
Capulets  may  be  Greene  and  Lodge,  authors  of 
the  Looking-glass  of  London;  and  John  Lyly 
would  be  the  Montague,  father  of  Romeo,  and 
uncle  of  Benvoglio.  And  to  Shakspeare,  on  first 
coming  to  London,  Lyly  had  been  a  second  father, 
his  best  guide  and  dearest  friend ;  and  he  might 
well  stand  as  uncle  to  Sir  Philip  Sidney,  being  a 
man  of  Kent,  and,  as  Mr.  Bourne  says  — 

"  To  some  extent,  I  imagine,  the  Arcadia  owed  its  ex- 
istence to  John  Lyly."  ..."  I  have  no  doubt  that  the 
reading  of  Euphues,  in  1579,  led  him  many  steps  towards 
the  writing  of  the  Arcadia  in  1580."— P.  323. 

But  it  may  be  asked,  how  comes  Mercutio 
(Nash)  to  be  constantly  in  the  company,  the  in- 
timate friend,  of  Benvoglio  (Sidney)  ?  For  the 
very  plain  and  simple  reason,  that  in  1591  Nash 
edited  Sidney's  poem  of  Astrophel  and  Stella. 
And  as  he  made  some  caustic  remarks  in  the 
Introduction  against  his  fellow-dramatists,  so 
young  Juvenal  receives  a  deserved  castigation,  as 
Mercutio  acknowledges,  "for  mingling  in  your 
quarrels."  The  County  Paris  might  be  Daniel ; 

*  Vide  The  Footsteps  of  Shakspere,  p.  153. 


182 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  IV.  SEPT.  5,  '63. 


who  was  not  only  a  sonnetteer,  but  also  the  poet 
of  Wilton  House,  of  the  Countess  of  Pembroke. 

This  two-fold  view  of  certain  nobles  and  dra- 
matists being  shadowed  in  the  ever-living  cha- 
racters of  Romeo  and  Juliet,  receives  confirmation 
from  the  fact,  that  to  Nash's  edition  of  Astrophel 
and  Stella  are  appended  twenty-eight  sonnets  by 
Samuel  Daniel ;  and  also  "  some  poems  by  E.  O., 
meaning,  no  doubt,  the  Earl  of  Oxford  "  (Shak- 
speare  Society).  Hence  it  becomes  probable  this 
publication,  with  the  letter  prefixed,  wherein 
Shakspeare  is  satirised  as  "  Ignorance  with  a 
leaden  pen,"  combined  with  the  queen's  indigna- 
tion at  the  marriage  of  Essex  with  Sidney's  widow, 
gave  rise  to  the  tragedy. 

But  Shakspeare,  as  Romeo,  in  winning  the  love 
of  the  muse  Juliet,  does  not  arrogate  to  himself  a 
superiority,  as  poet,  over  Daniel ;  he  merely  inti- 
mates thereby^  that  it  was  his  love  and  admiration 
of  Astrophel  and  Stella  that  turned  him  into  a 
sonnetteer.  And  on  looking  into  his  sonnets,  we 
cannot  for  a  moment  doubt  Shakspeare  oft  lighted 
his  pipe  at  Stella's  eyes.  I  mean  his  oaten  reed  ; 
for  in  the  flavour  of  tobacco  he  rejoiced  not, 
though  he  never  abuses  it,  perhaps  out  of  respect 
to  his  honoured  friends  John  Lyly  and  Sir  Walter 
Ralegh — two  inveterate  smokers. 

Not  only  are  we  reminded  of  Astrophel  and 
Stella  by  numerous  phrases,  but  even  whole 
stanzas  have  been  imitated,  or  at  least  the  hint 
has  been  taken  from  them :  as,  for  instance,  in 
Astrophel  and  Stella,  the  stanzas  38,  89,  and  99, 
may  have  given  rise  to  the  sonnets  24,  27,  28, 
43,  and  61.  Again,  the  stanza  52,  "  A  strife  is 
grown  between  Virtue  and  Love,"  may  have 
given  Shakspeare  the  hint  for  the  sonnets  46  and 
47 :  "  Mine  eye  and  heart  are  at  a  mortal  war." 
All  these  sonnets  are  evidently  addressed  to  a 
lady,  and  are  so  placed  in  the  "  Sonnets  re- 
arranged;" and  it  is  only  by  yielding  to  a  morbid 
sentimentalism,  we  can  imagine  them  as  addressed 
to  his  friend.  The  line, 
"  Deal  thou  with  powers  of  thought,  leave  love  to  will," 

Astrophel  and  Stella, 

may  have  given  our  gentle  Willy  the  idea  of  his 
three  sonnets  on  Will.  Nor  can  we  doubt  the 
beautiful  sonnet  146,  "  Poor  soul,  the  centre  of 
my  sinful  earth,"  took  its  rise  from  the  following 
verse :  — 

"  Leave  me,  0  Love !  which  readiest  but  to  dust ; 
And  thou,  my  mind,  aspire  to  higher  things : 
Grow  rich  in  that  which  never  taketh  rust ; 
Whatever  fades,  but  fading  pleasure  brings." 

Miscellaneous  Poems. 

Considering  how  Sidney  was  idolized  by  Spen- 
ser, and  what  a  halo  of  glory  surrounded  his  name, 
we  need  not  be  surprised  Shakspeare  was  also 
deeply  influenced  thereby;  and  as  Juliet  is  a 
daughter  of  Stella,  so  may  the  sonnet-lady,  with 
her  black  and  mournful  eyes,  also  be  an  alle^o- 


rical  figure  —  the  Sonnet- Muse.  She  is  not  only 
connected  with  Stella  by  the  sonnets  127  and  132, 
and  by  those  previously  mentioned,  but  more 
especially  by  the  sonnets  wherein  Shakspeare 
complains  of  her  tyranny  and  evil  influence  over 
him ;  which  undoubtedly,  I  would  say,  have  their 
origin  in  the  Fifth  Song. 

As  Spenser  accuses  his  Rosalind  of  inconstancy, 
so  the  sonnet-lady  is  also  faithless,  bestowing  hex- 
favours  on  other  lovers — probably  Daniel,  Dray- 
ton,  and  Lodge,  and  especially  on  the  young  Earl 
of  Southampton  ;  of  whom,  in  imitation  of  Spen- 
ser's fourth  Grace,  he  says :  — 

"  Be  thou  the  tenth  Muse,  ten  times  more  in  worth 
Than  those  old  Nine,  which  rhymers  invocate." 

Stanza  38. 

And  in  the  beautiful  sonnet,  "  If  music  and  sweet 
poetry  agree,"  he  again  compliments  his  friend  : 
"  One  knight  loves  both,  and  both  in  thee  re- 
main." 

However  fanciful  these  suppositions  may  ap- 
pear, yet  it  is  not  easy  to  deny  the  connexion 
between  the  sonnet-lady  and  Stella;  and  it  is 
only  on  this  plea,  the  intimate  connexion  between 
Astrophel  and  Stella  and  the  Sonnets,  we  can  free 
our  minds  from  the  disagreeable  impression,  the 
latter  contain  a  personal  history,  a  tale  of  error 
and  woe. 

This  opinion  of  the  unreality  of  the  sonnet-Iadj' 
appears  to  be  confirmed  by  the  inscription  pre- 
fixed to  the  Sonnets,  where  the  word  "  begetter," 
we  are  given  to  understand,  can  only  mean  in  the 
Elizabethan  sense  the  dedicatee.  Consequently, 
Thomas  Thorpe,  if  he  wrote  the  inscription, 
imagined  Mr.  William  Herbert  was  the  person ; 
but  if,  according  to  Monsieur  Philarcte  Chasles, 
the  Earl  of  Pembroke  wrote  the  first  part,  then 
all  the  Sonnets  must  have  been  dedicated  or  pre- 
sented to  the  Earl  of  Southampton  as  "  the  onlie 
begetter." 

In  conclusion,  I  would  respectfully  draw  atten- 
tion to  the  opinion  of  Todd  and  others,  that  "  our 
pleasant  Willy,"  in  the  Tears  of  the  Muses,  is  in- 
tended for  Sir  Philip  Sidney,  and  that  the  poem 
was  composed  in  1580.  In  support  of  his  argu- 
ments, I  may  adduce  the  similarity  of  passages  in 
the  Mme  Thalia  and  in  October.  How  peculiarly 
appropriate  the  name  is  to  Sidney,  we  have  seen 
in  the  Arcadia — himself  the  shepherd  Philisides, 
and  his  friends  all  shepherds ;  in  his  humorous 
picturing  of  Harvey  and  Spenser  in  love,  and 
catching  the  fair  Urania  in  their  arms  at  Barley- 
break  ;  the  feeding  by  night  the  two  wild  beasts — 
the  lion  and  the  bear — in  the  place  of  their  pas- 
torals, alluding  to  the  Shepherd's  Calendar,  which 
was  composed  in  the  district  where  the  rebellion 
broke  out ;  the  putting  Pamela  as  a  shepherdess 
under  the  care  of  the  clown  Dametas,  not  merely 
for  concealment  sake,  but  as  a  sly  satirical  stroke 


.  IV.  SEPT.  5,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


183 


at  Burghley's  sbabby  patronage  of  literature  and 
the  Muses. 

Todd  is  also  of  opinion  that  by  .ZEtion,  in  Colin 
Cloufs  come  Home  again,  Michael  Drayton  is 
designed.  Certainly  St.  Michael,  the  archangel 
•with  the  flaming  sword,  chief  of  the  heavenly 
hosts,  has  poetically  a  far  more  heroical  sound 
than  Shake-speare :  — 

"  St.  Michel's  Mount  who  does  not  know, 

That  wardes  the  Westerne  coast  ?  " 
And,  possibly,  the  young  dramatist  was  at  that 
time  only  known  as  Mr.  Shaxper. 

This  pastoral  -was  most  probably  written  in 
1590,  on  Spenser's  return  to  Ireland;  but  after- 
wards, on  publishing  it,  he  may  have  added  some 
passages  and  altered  others,  as  with  regard  to 
Arayntas :  — 

"  There  also  is  £ah  no,  he  is  not  now !] 
But  since  I  said  he  is,  he  quite  is  gone." 

As  Nash  also  speaks  of  an  Amyntas  in  Pierce 
Penniless  in  1592,  it  is  probable  each  poet  refers 
to  the  same  nobleman — Ferdinando,  Lord  Strange, 
Earl  of  Derby.  C. 


RANDOM. 

In  our  time,  to  fire  at  random  is  to  fire  with- 
out taking  aim  :  and  a  random  shot  is  one  which 
is  not  especially  fired  at  what  it  hits.  The 
word  has  undergone  a  very  curious  change  since 
its  first  introduction.  Of  the  origin  I  know 
nothing  except  that  it  must  be  connected  with  the 
French  randonnee,  which,  as  a  term  of  hunting, 
meant  the  circuit  made  by  a  wounded  animal ; 
and  in  common  life,  any  circuit,  especially  one  to 
no  purpose.  There  is  an  old  French  word,  randon, 
which  means  impetuous  motion. 

The  word,  in  old  English,  is  randon.  The  ran- 
don  was  the  angle  of  elevation  at  which  the  gun 
must  be  inclined  to  the  horizon  in  order  to  hit  the 
mark.  To  fire  at  a  randon,  one  randon  or  another, 
was  to  fire  at  a  particular  angle,  in  order  to 
secure  a  particular  range.  In  time  the  word  was 
used  to  signify  the  range  itself,  as  in  some  of  our 
mathematical  dictionaries.  The  randon  is  used 
for  the  angle  in  both  editions  of  Leonard  Digges's 
Stratiotikos  (1579  and  1590),  in  his  Pantomelria 
(1571).  and  in  various  other  English  works. 

At  what  time  the  word  became  random  I  cannot 
tell.  Ralphson  (1702),  Stone  (1743),  and  Whis- 
ton  and  Ditton  (1714),  use  the  m;  and  all  mean 
the  range,  and  not  its  angle. 

I  cannot  find  the  word,  as  a  term  of  artillery, 
either  in  French  or  Italian :  but  I  have  not  made 
much  search.  It  is  certainly  not  used  either  by 
Tartaglia,  or  by  Cyprian  Lucar,  his  English  trans- 
lator (1588). 

It  is  not  easy  to  trace  the  modern  meaning  to 
its  source  with  certainty.  It  is  a  very  common 


notion  that  a  gun  is  fired  direct  at  the  object  to 
be  hit.  Perhaps  those  who  had  this  notion,  see- 
ing a  gun  elevated,  so  as  to  be  fired  into  the  air, 
and  said  to  be  fired  at  a  randon,  might  think  this 
was  the  word  for  shooting  upwards  at  nothing 
particular.  All  this  may  be  matter  of  further  in- 
quiry. A.  DE  MORGAN. 


THE  CITY  SCEPTRE. 

One  of  the  most  remarkable  municipal  maces 
now  in  existence  is  that  belonging  to  the  Lord 
Mayor  of  the  city  of  London,  —  a  relic,  in  its 
present  shape,  of  the  jeweller's  work  of  the  fif- 
teenth century,  and  probably  in  part  of  still 
greater  antiquity.  It  has  been  represented  in 
the  Illustrated  London  News,  but  more  effectively 
in  the  Transactions  of  the  London  and  Middlesex 
Archeeological  Society,  vol.  i.  p.  356.  A  passage 
from  the  civic  ordinale,  or  programme  for  the 
meetings  of  the  Corporation  throughout  the  year, 
there  quoted,  shows  that  it  was  termed  the  Scepter 
at  least  as  early  as  1 604 ;  and  we  may  therefore 
presume  that  it  was  the  same  ensign  of  authority 
which  is  mentioned  in  the  following  passage  of 
Stowe's  Annales,  where  he  is  describing  the  Thanks- 
giving procession  of  Queen  Elizabeth  to  St.  Paul's 
after  the  defeat  of  the  Spanish  Armada  in  1588  : — 

"  Over  the  pate  of  Temple  Bar  were  placed  the  waites 
of  the  Citie :  and  at  the  same  bar  the  Lord  Mayor  and  his 
brethren  the  Aldermen,  in  scarlet,  received  and  welcomed 
her  Majesty  to  her  City  and  Chamber,  delivering  to  her 
hands  the  sceptre,  which,  after  certain  speeches  had,  her 
Highnes  redelivered  to  the  Mayor,  and  he  again  taking 
his  horse,  bare  the  same  before  her." 

Mr.  Peter  Cunningham,  in  his  Handbook  for 
London  (1849,  p.  804),  from  the  Sceptre  being 
strange  to  him,  has  inserted  in  this  passage  be- 
tween brackets  the  word  [sword]  ;  because  the 
City  Sword,  and  not  the  Sceptre,  is  now  usually 
presented  to  the  Sovereign  upon  his  or  her 
entrance  into  the  City.  In  1588  the  Sword  of 
State  (not  the  City  Sword)  was  borne  before  the 
Queen  by  the  Lord  Marquess  (of  Winchester). 
Progresses,  $-e.  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  ii.  542. 

The  City  Sceptre,  though  of  the  highest  curi- 
osity as  a  work  of  ancient  art,  as  I  have  already 
said,  has  latterly  been  little  regarded.  It  has 
always,  however,  been  borne  by  the  Lord  Mayor 
at  Coronations  ;  and  the  portrait  of  the  Right 
Hon.  John  Thomas  Thorp  (the  Lord  Mayor), 
represents  him  carrying  it,  in  Sir  George  Nay- 
lor's  magnificent  work  on  the  Coronation  of  King 
George  IV.  At  Pensax,  an  ancient  mansion  in 
Worcestershire,  I  last  year  saw  an  interesting 
portrait  of  Sir  Allen  Cotton,  who  was  Lord 
Mayor  at  the  Coronation  of  King  Charles  I.,  and 
which  was  painted  to  commemorate  his  attendance 
on  that  occasion,  in  the  full  costume  of  his  office, 
and  bearing  the  City  Sceptre.  Sir  Allen  was  the 


184 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3>-<i  g.  jv.  SKPT.  5,  '63. 


father  of  Martha,  wife  of  John  Chitton,  Esq.,  and 
mother  of  John  Chitton,  Esq.,  of  Pensax.  (Burke's 
Landed  Gentry.}  JOHN  GOUGH  NICHOLS. 


RELIEF  FOR  THE  BEWITCHED.  —  I  forward  the 
enclosed  extract  from  a  Surrey  newspaper,  as  a 
curious  instance  of  the  superstition  that  still  pre- 
vails in  some  places  amongst  the  lower  classes, 
and  one  worthy,  I  think,  to  be  preserved  in  the 
pages  of  "  N.  &  Q. : "  — 

"The  other  day  a  labouring  man  from  Worplesdon 
called  upon  a  chemist  in  Guildford,  and  gravely  informed 
him  that  his  wife  had  been  bewitched  two  years  ago,  and 
that  she  had  remained  in  that  state  ever  since,  much  to 
the  grief  of  her  husband  and  family,  and  annoyance  of 
her  neighbours.  He  said  that  he  had  been  informed 
that  if  he  got  a  quarter  of  a  pound  of  mercury,  and  mixed 
it  up  with  the  yoke  of  two  eggs,  and  gave  a  dose  to  his 
wife  night  and  morning  in  water  '  over  which  the  living 
and  the  dead  had  been  carried,'  she  would  soon  recover. 
Of  course  the  chemist  tried  to  ridicule  him  out  of  his 
silly  notion;  but  the  foolish  man  went  away  as  fully 
persuaded  as  before  that  his  wife  was  bewitched,  and 
avowing  his  intention  of  getting  the  mercury  and  the 
water  before  he  quitted  Guildford." 

Mercury,  of  course,  has  always  formed  a  staple 
commodity  of  magicians  and  those  who  deal  in 
mysteries ;  but  my  query  is,  What  is  the  ground 
of  the  supposed  magical  power  of  "water  over 
which  the  living  and  the  dead  have  been  carried  "  ? 
Can  it  possibly  have  any  connection  with  the 
right  of  way  supposed  to  exist — rightly  or  wrongly 
I  know  not — where  the  living  and  dead  have 
gone  ?  This  kind  of  water  is,  I  believe,  held  in 
the  same  veneration  in  the  Highlands  of  Scot- 
land. Jos.  HARGROVE. 

Clare  Coll.  Cambridge. 

LONGEVITY.  —  In  The  Times  of  Jan.  21,  1863, 
the  decease  of  persons  who  have  attained  the  fol- 
lowing ages  is  recorded :  92,  90,  82,  82,  82,  80, 78, 
78,  76,  74,  72,  72,  72,  70,  70.  Four  males  and 
eleven  females,  in  all  fifteen  persons.  This  gives 
the  high  average  of  seventy-eight  years ;  and  it  is 
rather  remarkable  that  the  average  of  the  female 
life  is  not  eighteen  months  greater  than  that  of 
the  males  ;  contrary  to  the  received  opinion. 

W.DAVIS. 

OLD  ALMANACS. — There  seems  to  be  some 
doubt  whether  the  "  Exhortation  against  the 
Turks  "  of  1455  is  an  almanac.  But  G.  Fischer 
published  in  1804  at  Mayence  a  tract  consisting 
of  four  leaves,  and  a  large  folding  plate  of  fac- 
simile, entitled  — 

"  Notice  du  premier  Monument  Typographique  en  Ca- 
cacteres  Mobiles  avec  date  connu  jusqu'd,  ce  jour.  De'- 
rouvert  dans  les  Archives  de  Mayence  et  depose"  a  la 
Bibliotheque  Rationale  de  Paris,  4°." 


The  following  is  a  facsimile  of  three  lines,  which 
make  it  clear  that  the  original  is  an  almanac  for 
the  year  1457  :  — 

"  Csiuctioes  &  opposicoes  solis  et  lune  *  *  *  * 

"  In  anno  dni  Mcccclvij  cui9  b  If  a  dnicalis  xiiij  aure9 
nus. 

"  Interuallu  ix  ebdomide  concurrentes  una  dies." 

This  is  considerably  earlier  than  Regiomonta- 
nus,  who  only  followed  his  immediate  predeces- 
sors in  the  form  in  which  he  printed  and  pub- 
lished his  almanac.  WM.  DAVIS. 

ROBERT  GREENE,  THE  DRAMATIST.  —  I  subjoin 
two  notices  of  Greene,  which  I  do  not  remember 
to  have  seen  quoted  anywhere :  — 

"  She  reads  Green's  works  over  and  over,  but  is  carried 
away  with  the  Mirror  of  Knighthood ;  she  is  many  times 
resolv'd  to  runne  out  of  her  selfe.  and  become  a  Lady 
Errand." — Overbury's  "Character  of  a  Chambermaid." 
(Characters,  edit.  1632,  sign.  K,  2nd  verse.) 

"  If  he  can  purchase  but  an  old  satten  suit ; 
In  's  own  surmise  hee's  straight  a  gentleman, 

But  his  opinion  I  can  well  confute ; 
For  Robert  Greene  doth  say,  and  wisely  scan, 
A  velvet  slop  makes  not  a  gentleman." 

Time's  Metamorphosis,  by  R.  Middleton 
of  York  (printed  with  his  Epigrams 
and  Satyres,  1608.) 

Middleton's  allusion  is  of  course  to  Greene's 
Quip  for  an  Upstart  Courtier,  1592.  It  may  be 
worth  mentioning  that  Gabriel  Harvey,  in  his 
copy  of  Gascoigne's  Posies,  1575  (now,  I  believe, 
in  the  Bodleian),  wrote  a  MS.  note  instituting  a 
comparison  between  the  forlorn  conditions  of 
Gascoigne  and  Greene.  This  note  is,  unless  I  am 
mistaken,  printed  entire  in  Bibliotheca  Heberiana, 
part  iv.,  art.  "  Gascoigne's  Posies." 

W.  CAREW  HAZLITT. 

CURIOUS  IMPRINT.  — 

"The  wishing  Commonwealth's  Man:  a  queint  Dia- 
logue between  Cautious,  a  Countryman,  and  Wish-well,  a 
Citizen  .  .  .  Printed  in  the  year  of  Drums,  Trumpets, 
Pikes,  and  Muskets,  1642." 

JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORKARD,  M.A. 

CRUDE  :  CRUEL. — It  is  curious  to  note  the  com- 
mon origin  of  these  words.  Crudus  =  immature, 
unploughed.  Cruor  =  murder  (Horace),  and  its 
Greek  root  Kpvos.  The  moral  is  obvious. 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

Glasgow. 

QUANTITY  OF  "PITUITA."  —  A  correspondent  of 
the  Gent.  Mag.  (vol.  xlv.  p.  330),  after  praising 
the  Latin  version  of  "  A  froggy  would  a  wooing 
go,"  adds — unfortunately,  however,  a  gross  false 
quantity  occurs  in  one  of  the  stanzas,  "Vexat 
pituita  molesta." 

Now,  it  is  true,  that  the  first  syllable  of  pituita 
is  long,  but  why  should  it  not  be  considered  a 
word  of  three  syllables,  as  it  must  be  in  Horace  ? 

"  Prascipue  sanus  nisi  cum  pituita  molesta  est." 

Epist.  i.  1,  last  line. 


.  IV.  SEPT.  5,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


185 


The  version  appeared  in  the  number  for  the 
preceding  March.  Unfortunately  it  contains  also 
a  real  false  quantity  — 

"  Inde  cito  dominie  perventum  est  muris  ad  aulam." 
Cito,  when  an  adverb,  has  always  the  second 
syllable  short.     See  Eland's  Elements,  p.  ix.,  In- 
troduction, 1840.     Ovid,  to  say  nothing  of  other 
poets,  constantly  makes  it  short  — 

"  Sic  cito  sum  verbis  capta  puella  tuis,"  &c. 

Medea  Jasoni,  line  92. 

Accordingly,  in  our  public  schools,  it  is  forbidden 
to  make  it  long,  and  the  old  rule,  "O  finita  com- 
munia  sunt,"  is,  so  far  at  least,  disregarded.  See 
the  same  volume  of  the  Gent.  Mag.,  p.  442. 

W.  D. 

MISTAKES  OF  THE  NOVELISTS.  —  There  is  a 
gross  error  in  Marryat's  Snarley-yow,  which  has 
been  allowed  to  last  even  down  to  the  shilling 
edition  of  last  year.  He  gives  all  the  children  of 
George  and  Anne  to  William  and  Mary.  As  in 
chap.  33,  "  of  the  many  children  born  to  the 

heretic  William one  only  remains,  the 

present  Duke  of  Gloucester  " :  and  again  (chap. 
43),  "  the  death  of  the  young  Duke  of  Glouces- 
ter, the  only  surviving  son  of  King  William." 

In  Peacock's  Headlong  Hall,  ch.  vi.,  the  philo- 
sophers are  made  to  talk  of  the  "  precession  of  the 
equinoxes  "  where  they  mean  the  "  variation  of  the 
obliquity."  This  mistake  is  enhanced  by  a  setting 
of  knowledge  unusual  in  a  novel;  thus  it  is  said 
that  "  Laplace  has  demonstrated  that  the  preces- 
sion of  the  equinoxes  is  a  regular  equation  of  long 
period."  A.  DE  MORGAN. 


«  A  SHORT  RULE  OF  GOOD  LIFE." 

Some  time  ago  I  purchased  a  volume  in  MS., 
which  is  prefaced  as  follows :  — 

"  A  SHORT   RULE    OF    GOOD   UJTFE." 

"  The  Sonnetts  in  comendation  of  this  Phamphlett 

"  Distillers  toyle  and  beate  their  busie  braines, 

Elixir  fair  or  Quintessence  to  make ; 
Which  well  they  thinke  will  recompence  their  paines, 

Tf  they  performe  the  thinge  they  undertake ; 
Yet  sekinge  that  should  lengthen  life  and  health," 
Of  tymes  spend  both,  and  wast  their  tyme  and  welth. 
"  Gould,  pearle,  and  ston,  rich,  pretious  proude  of  prise, 

Doe  ouer  perke  most  mightie  monarks  crownes, 
And  make  most  men  all  daungers  to  despise, 

With  life  and  lymbe  to  hazarde  their  renownes. 
And  why  but  that  they  all  in  small  comprise 
More  powre  then  things  more  base  in  larger  sise; 
An  why  then  shoulde  not  this  small  pamphlett  seme, 
By  far  more  right  to  haue  farre  more  esteeme. 

"  For  all  these  things  yf  they  be  had  at  last, 

Serue  but  as  staues  to  seruyle  bodyes  use, 
And  ere  they  be  possest,  are  gonne  and  past, 

And  booteless  helpes ;  their  masters  must  refuse 
When  as  the  Quintessence  this  booke  conteyns, 
And  pearlesse  gemme  for  euer  more  reinaynes. 


"  A  Collerie  to  cleare  and  cure  the  sight, 

A  cordiall  good  to  helpe,  and  heale  the  harte, 
A  preparatyue  to  putech  greife  to  flight, 

A  rare  preseruatyue  preuentinge  smarte, 
A  water  treat,  an  Oyle,  and  Balme  most  pure, 
To  clenze,  to  heale,  to  suple  and  to  cure, 
A  rule  to  Leauell  life  and  death  soe  true, 
As  leaueth  Hell  and  leads  to  heauenly  crue. 
"Which  underfoote  shall  treade  the  purest  goulde, 

Which  serues  but  ther  to  pane  the  Pallace  floores, 
Wher  orient  pearle  most  gorgious  to  behoulde, 

Is  onlye  usd  to  make  the  domes  and  dores, 
And  pretious  stones  are  had  in  prise  soe  small, 
As  ther  may  serue  to  buylde  the  walls  withall. 
"  The  reede,  remember,  put  it  well  in  use, 

And  haue  it  oft  in  hande,  more  oft  in  harte, 
For  profitt  small  or  non  it  will  procure, 

Till  Wyll  doe  take  the  understandinge  parte. 
No  more  than  druggs  or  foode  will  stand  in  steade, 
Till  they  be  usd  to  cure  or  els  to  feede. 
Take  men  a  tast,  and  try  how  sweete  it  is 
To  lyve  in  loue,  which  leads  to  heauenly  blisse." 

"  Finis. 
"  Connertantur  qui  oderunt  Sion." 

The  work  proceeds  the  foundation  and  the 
rules  thereof,  with  dissertations  on  Christian  du- 
ties, an  order  for  holy  days,  high  feasts,  confes- 
sion, considerations  to  settle  the  mind  in  the 
course  of  virtue,  devotion  to  saints,  and  other  ex- 
ercises of  devotion.  The  MS.  is  written  in  a 
good  round  hand  on  91  pages,  8vo.  size. 

In  the  same  hand  is  written  a  title  as  follows : — 

"  The  Manner  of  the  apprehension  of  Margaret  Cly- 
therowe,  late  of  Yorke,  in  the  yere  of  our  Saviour's 
Incarnation,  1586,  and  the  28th  of  the  reigne  of  Queene 
Eliz :  being  the  10  day  of  March,  with  her  Arreigement, 
condemnatio  and  execution." 

This  account  takes  up  35  pages,  and  is  in  a 
different  handwriting. 

In  the  year  1849  was  published  The  Life  and 
Death  of  Margaret  Clitherow,  the  Martyr  of 
York,  now  first  published  from  the  original  MS., 
and  edited  by  William  Nicholson.  London, 
12 mo,  Richardson.  Dated  from  Thelwall  Hall, 
Cheshire,  and  approved  by  Bishop  Ullathorne. 
In  the  preface  it  is  stated  to  be  written  by  the 
Rev.  John  Mush,  her  spiritual  director,  who  died 
in  1617,  and  the  MS.  to  be  in  the  possession  of 
Peter  Middleton,  Esq.,  of  Stockeld  Park,  York- 
shire. This  copy  does  not  quite  agree  with  the 
printed  history.  Drake  does  not  make  mention  of 
the  occurrence,  and  the  Surtees  Society's  Volume 
of  Depositions  does  not  commence  before  the 
seventeenth  century.  Having  given  a  description 
of  this  MS.  volume,  can  any  one  give  me  informa- 
tion as  to  the  author  of  the  Devotions  called  The 
Rule  of  Life?  EDWARD  HAILSTONB. 

Horton  Hall. 


ATKINSON,  GOVERNOR  OF  SENEGAL.  —  Could 
any  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  inform  me  if  any 
person  of  the  name  of  Atkinson  was  at  any  time 


186 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  SEPT.  5,  '63. 


governor  of,    or  otherwise  connected  with,  the 
colony  of  Senegal,  in  Africa. 

C.  H.  FlTZHOLLAND. 

LORD  AIRTH'S  COMPLAINTS. — Some  years  ago, 
in  the  British  Museum,  in  some  book  of  ballads, 
when  hunting  for  something  else,  I  found  the  fol- 
lowing lines.  Who  was  Lord  Airth?  What  was 
his  complaint  ?  and  who  is  the  author  of  this  beau- 
tiful piece  of  poetical  expression  ?  I  saw  it  at- 
tributed to  Lord  Brooke,  the  friend  of  Sidney. 

"  If  these  sad  thoughts  could  be  expressed, 
Wharwith  my  mind  in  now  possessed, 
My  passion  might,  disclosed,  have  rest, 

My  griefs  relieved  micht  flee. 

"  My  sichs  are  fled,  no  teirs  now  riii, 
But  swell  to  whelm  my  soul  within, 
How  pitiful  the  case  I'm  in, 

Admire  but  do  not  trie,"  &c. 

FRANK  HOWARD. 

BEAN  FEAST.  —  A  practice  prevails  in  the  me- 
tropolis of  England — that  of  giving  an  annual 
banquet  or  feast  to  the  employed  in  their  es- 
tablishments, to  which  in  some  instances  the  prin- 
cipal customers  are  invited  to  contribute  and 
attend.  I  have,  on  invitation,  attended  one  this 
summer,  which  took  place  at  Rye  House,  and 
consisted  of  a  substantial  dinner,  the  company 
playing  at  cricket  and  other  games,  both  before 
and  after.  What  I  wish  to  inquire  is  simply, 
why  it  is  called  a  bean  feast?  I  asked  this  at 
the  time,  but  no  one  could  give  me  the  informa- 
tion. T.  B. 

SLINGSBY  BETHEL,  LORD  MAYOR  AND  M.P. 
TOR  LONDON,  1755-6. — What  was  the  connection 
between  this  alderman  and  his  namesake  the  Pres- 
byterian sheriff  in  1680,  who  was  tried  for  an 
assault  at  Southwark  when  a  candidate  for  that 
borough,  and  was  the  author  of  several  political 
pamphlets  ?  In  his  Vindication,  published  in  1681, 
Sheriff  Bethel  describes  himself  as  a  bachelor; 
but  as  his  decease  did  not  happen  till  1695,  the 
Lord  Mayor  may  have  been  his  son  or  grandson. 
Query,  which?  Alderman  Bethel  died  in  1758. 

JUXTA  TURRIM. 

BOSWELL. — Where  did  those  diligent  and  ac- 
curate compilers,  the  Messrs.  Chambers,  obtain 
their  anecdote  (Encyclopaedia,  vol.  iv.  art.  "  Exe- 
cution "),  of  Boswell's  riding  to  Tyburn  in  the 
same  mourn  ing- coach  with  the  murderer  Hack- 
man,  the  ordinary  of  Newgate,  and  a  turnkey  ? 
Seasoned  as  he  was  to  the  periodical  gaol-de- 
liveries which  in  his  day  "  emptied  our  prisons 
into  the  grave,"  I  hardly  think  that  be  would  have 
out-Selwyned  Selwyn  by  an  "  excursion"  to  the 
gallows,  hearsed  at  the  side  of  a  living  murderer. 

Our  amateur  des  Jiautes  ceuvres  was  a  social, 
kindly-natured  man  ;  but  the  depths  of  the  human 
heart  are  not  easily  sounded,  E.  L.  S. 


THE  GAME  OF  CRICKET. — Strutt,  in  his  Sports 
and  Pastimes  (book  11.  ch.  iii.  sect.  19)  holds  to 
the  opinion  that  the  game  of  cricket  originated 
from  the  older  game  of  "  Club  Ball,"  in  which  a 
ball  was  struck  from  a  straight  bat ;  and  admits 
himself  unable  to  trace  the  name,  "  Cricket,"  be- 
yond the  commencement  of  the  eighteenth  cen- 
tury. The  following  extract  from  the  Constitu- 
tion Book  of  Guildford,  as  transcribed  in  Russell's 
History  of  that  town  (1801),  shows  the  name  to 
have  been  in  use  at  least  as  early  as  the  middle 
of  the  sixteenth  century,  and,  by  inference,  much 
earlier. 

In  some  legal  proceedings  in  respect  to  "  A 
Garden  withelde  from  the  Towne,"  anno  40th 
Elizabeth, — 

"  John  Derrick,  gent,  one  of  the  queene's  majestie's 
coroners  of  the  County  of  Surrey,  aged  59,  saith  this  land 
before  mentioned  lett  to  John  Parvish,  Innholder,  de- 
ceased ;  that  he  knew  it  for  fifty  years  or  more. 

"  It  lay  waste  and  was  used  and  occupyed  by  the  in- 
habitants of  Guldeford  to  saw  timber  in,  and  for  sawpits, 
and  for  makinge  of  frames  of  timber,  for  the  said  in- 
habitants. 

"  When  he  was  a  scholler  in  the  free  school  of  Gulde- 
forde,  he  and  several  of  his  fellowes  did  runne  and  play 
there  at  crichett  and  other  plaics. 

"  And  also  that  the  same  was  used  for  the  baytinge  of 
beares  in  the  said  towne,  until  the  said  J.  Parvish  did 
inclose  the  said  parcell  of  land." 

Is  not  the  game,  as  now  played,  as  well  as  the 
name,  of  much  earlier  origin  than  is  generally 
supposed?  D.  M.  STEVENS. 

Guildford. 

COURT  COSTUMES  OF  Louis  XIII.  or  FRANCE. 
I  shall  feel  obliged  by  any  one  directing  me  to  a 
work  containing  engravings  of  the  above  costumes. 

A.  D. 

DATES  WANTED.  —  I  am  anxious  to  discover 
the  respective  months  of  the  year  1173  in  which 
the  two  following  events  took  place:  — 

1.  The  betrothal  of  John,  afterwards  King,  to 
Alice  or  Agnes  of  Maurianna. 

2.  The  death  of  William  Earl  of  Gloucester, 
the  father  of  Isabel,  wife  of  King  John. 

HERMENTRUDE. 

PETER  Dos. — While  on  board  a  steamer  going 
from  the  Loffoden  Islands  to  Trondhjem  in  July 
last,  we  passed  a  great  number  of  the  Nordland 
Jaegts  engaged  in  carrying  dried  fish  from  Ham- 
merfest  to  Bergen.  Many  of  these  vessels  had  a 
square  piece  of  black  cloth  in  one  corner  of  the 
mainsail,  which,  I  was  informed,  was  placed  there 
in  memory  of  a  poet  named  Peter  Dos,  who  for- 
merly lived  in  the  northern  part  of  Norway. 

Where  can  I  obtain  information  about  Peter 
Dos  ?  .  ALGERNON  BRENT. 

REV.  WILLIAM  EASTMEAD This  gentleman, 

who  was  a  Dissenting  minister  at  Kirby  Moorside, 
Yorkshire,  was  author   of  Historia  Ricvallensi<s, 


3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  o,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


187 


1824,  8vo,  and  died  about  fifteen  years  since.  I 
am  anxious  to  know  the  exact  date  of  his  death, 
and  shall  be  glad  of  any  other  particulars  re- 
specting him.  S.  Y.  R. 

EDGAR.  —  1.  What  was  the  baptismal  name  of 
the  father  of  Richard  Edgar,  who  married  the 
coheiress  of  Ros  of  Sanquhar  ? 

2.  Who  was  the  successor  of  this  Richard  ? 

3.  Who  were  the  two  following  successors  of 
John  Edgar,  of  Wedderlie,  who  confirms  in  1384 
a  certain  surrender  made  by  R.  Edgar  in  1379  ? 

4.  Was  Adam  Edgar  (living  in  1476)  the  grand- 
father or  great  grandfather  of  Oliver  Edgar,  who 
married  in  1564  Margaret  Pringle  ? 

5.  Who  are  named  as  the  nephews  of  Edgar  of 
Wedderly  in  the  suit  terminated  in   1663,  by  a 
judgment  of  the  Court  of  Session  ? 

6.  Squair  Men. — Who  were  the  "  Squair  Men  " 
of  Dumfries,  mentioned  in  the  will  of  an  Edgar  in 
the  seventeenth  century  ?  SP. 

PRIDE AUX  ERRINGTON. — I  recently  met  with  a 
copy  of  a  work  entitled,  New  Copies  in  Verse  for 
the  Use  of  Writing  Schools,  consisting  of  fifty- 
three  alphabets,  &c.  &c.,  8vo,  published  at  New- 
castle-upon-Tyne,  1734,  and  written  by  Prideaux 
Errington.  Is  the  book  of  any  value  ?  Who  was 
the  author  ?  and  in  what  way  did  he  obtain  the 
name  of  Prideaux  as  a  Christian  name,  as  I  can 
find  no  intermarriage  between  the  families  in  any 
pedigree  that  I  have  access  to  ?  Was  the  author 
of  the  family  of  Errington  of  High  Warden, 
Northumberland  ?  G.  P.  L. 

THE  FLEUR-DE-LIS  FORBIDDEN  IN  FRANCE 
(2nd  S.  xi.  167,  298.)— Has  the  decree  of  the  Paris 
Court  of  Cassation  in  1861,  by  which  jewellers 
and  others  were  cautioned  that  it  was  unlawful 
to  introduce  the  fleur-de-lis  into  any  piece  of 
jewellery,  &c.,  been  repealed  ?  In  the  jewellers' 
shops  in  the  Palais  Royal  at  present,  the  fleur-de- 
lis  is  very  generally  to  be  seen  in  the  form  of 
brooches,  sleeve-links,  scarf-pins,  &c. 

J.  WOODWARD. 

LAURENCE  HALSTED.  —  Information  is  desired 
respecting  Laurence  Halsted,  Keeper  of  the  Re- 
cords in  the  Tower  of  London.  According  to 
Dr.  Whitaker  (History  of  Whalley,  3rd  ed.  383), 
he  was  son  of  John  Halsted  by  his  first  wife 
Hester,  daughter  of  William  Cooke  of  Manches- 
ter ;  was  born  in  1638,  married  Alice,  daughter 
of  John  Barcroft,  Esq.,  and  had  issue  John  and 
Laurence,  who  died  infants,  and  Charles,  born 
1675.  Dr.  Whitaker  says  that  the  Keeper  of  the 
Tower  Records  was  so  steady  a  Loyalist  as  to  be 
excepted,  according  to  Whitelock,  out  of  all  acts  of 
indemnity  in  the  treaties  between  Charles  I.  and 
the  Parliament.  If  he  were  born  in  1638,  he  was 
only  about  eleven  years  old  when  Charles  I.  was 
decapitated.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 


"  HE    DIED    AND    SHE    MARRIED    THE    BARBER." 

Where  can  I  find  that  strange  medley  some- 
times attributed  to  Dean  Swift,  who  is  said  to 
have  extemporaneously  invented  it  in  retaliation 
for  being  asked  a  conundrum  at  a  dinner-party  ? 
I  once  heard  it  repeated  by  a  gentleman,  whose 
memory  EOW  fails  to  give  more  than  an  isolated 
sentence  here  and  there,  such  as  :  — 

"  A  man  went  into  a  barber's  shop  to  be  shaved, 

went  into  the  garden  and  dug 

potatoes  till  the  gunpowder  ran  out  of  his  shoes  ... 
He  died  and  she  married  the  barber. — What's  that?  " 

R.  F.  C. 

INSCRIPTION  ON  CROSTHWAITE  FONT.  —  On  the 
lower  edge  (chamfered)  of  the  bowl  of  the  font  in 
Crosthwaite  church,  Keswick,  runs,  or  rather  ran,  a 
double  inscription.  That  on  the  cardinal  faces 
has  been  purposely  erased,  probably  about  1550. 

The  other  inscription  is  — 

"  Orate  :  p  ala :  dni :  Thorn  :  de :  Khede  (  ?)  :  olim :  eccle- 
sie :  hums :  Vicarii." 

I  am  uncertain  about  "  Khede,"  and  commend 
it  to  antiquarian  tourists.  But  I  want  to  know, 
1.  Is  there  a  place,  whose  medieval  Latin 
name  was  "  Khede,"  or  anything  like  it  ?  and  2. 
Is  there  any  list  of  vicars  of  Keswick  ?  The  font 
seems  to  have  been  carved  late  in  Edward  III.'s 
rei^n.  E.  H.  KNOWLES. 

D 

ISABEL  OF  GLOUCESTER  :  ONE  MORE  QUERY. — 

"  King  John,"  says  Speed,  "  divorced  Hawisia  his  wife 
by  advice  of  Philip  King  of  France,  as  too  neere  of  bloud, 
by  sentence  of  the  Archbishop  and  Bishops  of  Burdeaux, 
Poyctoirs,  and  Xanton."  (P.  496.) 

Stow  says :  — 

"  He  was  there  [i.  e.  in  France]  by  the  hands  of  Helias 
Archbishop  of  Burdeaux,  and  the  Bishops  of  Poytiers  and 
Scone,  diuorced  from  his  wife  Isabell,  daughter  to  Robert 
Earle  of  Gloucester,  because  of  neerenesse  of  bloude." 

Have  we  any  reason  to  suppose,  from  this,  that 
Isabel  had  accompanied  John  into  France  ?  Does 
the  Romish  law  of  divorce  require  the  presence 
of  both  parties,  or  even  of  one,  when  sentence  of 
divorce  is  pronounced  ?  I  should  also  be  glad  to 
know  if  any  other  chronicler  than  Speed  has 
named  the  King  of  France  as  John's  adviser  in 
this  matter  ?  and  what  place  do  "  Xanton  "  and 
"  Scone "  indicate  ?  The  divorce  of  John  and 
Isabel  must  have  taken  place  between  the  2nd  of 
May,  1200  —  on  which  day  he  returned  to  Nor- 
mandy (see  the  curious  Itinerary  of  King  John, 
Archceologia,  vol.  xxii.)— and  the  24th  of  August, 
when  he  married  Isabelle  d'Angoulcme. 

HERMENTRUDE. 

LADY  CATHERINE  REBECCA  MANNERS  is  stated 
by  Watt  to  have  been  author  of  poems  1793-1799. 
Who  was  she  ?  S.  Y.  K. 

ST.  PATRICK  AND  THE  SHAMROCK.— I.  am  much 
obliged  to  your  correspondent  F.  C.  H.  for  having 


188 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  5,  '63. 


answered  my  queries  respecting  venomous  rep- 
tiles in  Ireland.  The  following  extract  from  an 
article  on  "  Sacred  Trees  and  Flowers "  in  the 
last  number  of  The  Quarterly  (July,  1863,  p. 
246),  suggests  another  Query,  which  probably  F. 
C.  H.  will  be  able  to  answer  :  — 

"The  trefoil,  or  'Herb  Trinity,'  has  an  especial  in- 
terest from  the  use,  which,  as  tradition  asserts,  was  made 
use  of  by  St.  Patrick  (although  the  story  is  to  be  found 
in  none  of  the  Lives  —  not  even  the  last  and  most  legen- 
dary—  printed  by  Colgan),  as  an  illustration  of  the 
Divine  mystery  of  the  Trinity.  The  leaf,  which  is  now 
generally  recognised  as  the  Irish  emblem,  is  that  of  the 
white  clover ;  but  the  name,  shamrock  (Seam-rog),  seems 
to  be  generic,  and  is  applied  also  to  the  purple  clover,  the 
speedwell,  the  pimpernel,  and  the  wood-sorrell,"  &c. 

I  propose  this  Query :  If,  as  the  writer  of  the 
article  asserts,  no  mention  is  made  in  the  lives  of 
St.  Patrick  of  his  having  made  use  of  the  "  sham- 
rock "  as  an  illustration  of  the  Blessed  Trinity, 
how  did  the  tradition  arise  ?  J.  D  ALTON. 

POTHEEN.  —  The  Emperor  Julian  enriched  the 
Valhalla  of  royal  poets  by  the  composition  of 
two  epigrams.  (Juliani  Opera,  Paris,  1583,  p. 
87.)  One  of  these  is  on  corn-wine,  Els  oivov  awb 
KpiOris,  in  which  he  contrasts  the  nectarine  flavour 
of  the  grape  with  the  goat-like  relish  of  the  corn- 
wine,  Ketcoy  j/fK-rap,  ffv  5e  rpayov.  Now,  is  not  this 
manifestly  the  veritable  potheen,  a  copious  dram 
of  which  would  have  nicely  settled  the  imperial 
stomach  after  a  surfeit  of  the  crass  and  sugared 
Byzantian  ?  J.  L. 

Dublin. 

PRAYERS  FOB  THE  DEAD.  —  In  Daille's  work 
on  The  Right  Use  of  the  Fathers,  published  in  the 
seventeenth  century,  it  is  said  (Smith's  trans,  ed. 
Jekyll,  Bohn,  1843,  p.  325)  that  the  Church  of 
Home  has  abolished  the  custom  of  prayers  for  the 
saints  departed.  It  may  be  my  ignorance,  but  I 
do  not  understand  this,  and  I  shall  be  much  ob- 
liged by  an  explanation  in  your  pages.  Prayer 
for  the  dead  generally  is  of  course  enjoined  by 
the  Church  of  Rome,  and,  I  presume,  always  has 
been.  Are  the  "saints,"  or  the  "orthodox,"  or 
those  who  have  "  departed  in  the  faith  "  (variously 
so  described  in  Daille's  quotations),  made  an  ex- 
ception ?  LYTTELTON. 

Hagley,  Stourbridge. 

RIDDLE  :    RHYME    TO  TIMBUCTOO.  —  What  is 

the  answer  to  the  following  ?  — 

"  My  first,  invisible  as  air, 
Apportions  things  of  earth  by  line  and  square. 
The  soul  of  pathos,  eloquence  and  wit, 
My  second  shows  each  passion's  changeful  fit. 
My  whole,  though  motionless,  declares 
In  many  ways  how  everybody  fares." 

While  on  such  a  subject,  I  add  that  I  have 
heard  from  at  least  a  dozen  quarters  that  I  am 


the  author  of  a  rhyme  to  Timbuctoo  which  has 
amused  many.  The  rhyme  is  as  follows :  — 

I  would  I  were  a  cassowary, 
On  the  plains  of  Timbuctoo ; 
I'd  catch  and  eat  a  missionary, 
Legs  and  arms  and  hymn-book  too. 

This  is  not  mine ;  but  I  believe  I  was  one  of  the 
first  dozen  who  heard  it.  A.  DE  MORGAN. 

WHITEHALL  !  A  WAR  CRY. — Is  that  the  mean- 
ing of  the  following  note  ?  — 

"  The  ground-plot  of  Whitehall.  Thus  much  I  thought 
owing  to  the  venerable  memory  of  that  name,  which  is 
ever  the  word  at  sea  with  British  ships,  and  which  makes 
the  whole  world  tremble." — Stukeley,  Itin.  Curiosum,  fol., 
1776,  Pref. 

The  first  edition  of  his  work  was  in  1724.  It  has 
been  suggested,  whether  the  above  has  any  con- 
nection with  the  cry,  "York!  you're  wanted." 
Whitehall  was  originally  called  York  House. 

W.P. 

WIVES  OF  ENGLISH  PRINCES.  —  I  should  be 
greatly  obliged  to  any  one  who  can  answer  the 
following  Queries :  — 

1.  Elizabeth  de  Biirgh,  wife  of  Lionel  Duke  of 
Clarence. — Miss  Strickland  says  she  was  buried 
at  Clare  Priory.    The  will  of  John  Earl  of  Pem- 
broke (Nichols's  Royal  Wills,  p.  92),  orders  that 
his  tomb  be  made  like  the  tomb  of  "  Elizabeth  de 
Burugh,  qe  gist  a  la  Menoresse  en  Loundre  hors 
de  Algate."     Was  this  the  same  Elizabeth  ?  and 
was  her   corpse    afterwards  removed    to    Clare 
Priory  ? 

2.  Mary  Bohun,  first  wife  of  Henry  IV.  Where 
may  her  wardrobe  accounts  be  found  ? 

3.  Required,  the  names  of  the  mothers  of  all 
the  following  Princesses :  Sybille,  wife  of  Robert 
Duke  of  Normandy  ;  Isabel  Marshal,    first  wife 
of  Richard,  Duke  of  Cornwall  and  King  of  the 
Romans ;  Beatrice  of  Cologne,  third  wife  of  the 
same ;  Mary  or  Margaret  de  Ros,  second  wife  of 
Thomas  Duke  of  Norfolk  ;  Margaret  Wake,  wife 
of  Edmund  Earl  of  Kent ;  Joan  Holland,  second 
wife  of  Edmund  Duke  of  York ;   Jaquetta    of 
Luxemburg,  wife    of  John  Duke  of  Bedford ; 
Eleanor   Cobham,   wife   of  Humphrey  Duke  of 
Gloucester. 

4.  Information   of  any  kind,   or  reference  to 
sources  whence  it  might  be  obtained,  is  also  de- 
sired respecting  Isabel  Marshall,  Beatrice  of  Co- 
logne, Margaret  Wake,  and  Joan  Holland. 

If  the  answers  to  these  Queries  should  not  be 
regarded  as  of  sufficient  interest  for  publication 
in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  I  should  be  grateful  to  receive  any, 
addressed  privately,  through  the  publishers. 

HERMENTRODE. 


8'*  S.  IV.  SEPT.  5,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


189 


SIR  FRANCIS  DRAKE  (3rd  S.  iii.  506.)  — In  a 
visit  paid  last  autumn  to  St.  Budeaux  Church 
(opposite  to  Saltash,  at  a  great  height,  overlook- 
ing the  beautiful  scenery  of  the  Tamar),  the 
rector,  among  other  civilities  bestowed  upon  me, 
though  a  complete  stranger,  showed  me  the  Parish 
Register.  Amongst  the  marriages  is  recorded  that 
of— 

"  Francis  Drake  and  Marye  Newman,  July  4,  1569." 

Again,  amongst  the  burials, — 

"  1582.  Januarie  25,  Marye  Drake,  wife  of  Sir  Francis 
D.,  Knight." 

I  should  like  to  see  these  facts  reconciled  with 
the  "  Legend  of  Sir  Francis  Drake." 

JOHN  A.  C.  VINCENT. 
90,  Great  Eussell  Street. 

[We  have  submitted  this  Query  to  a  literary  friend, 
who  has  been  engaged  for  some  time  upon  an  original 
Memoir  of  Sir  Francis  Drake,  and  in  reply  he  says  that 
"  the  Registers  of  St.  Budeaux  have  revealed  a  new  and 
very  interesting  fact  in  the  private  life  of  the  Admiral. 
At  least,  I  am  not  aware  that  any  of  his  biographers  have 
recorded  any  marriage  of  Drake,  excepting  that  with  the 
heiress  of  Combe  Sydenham.  As  to  reconciling  the  popu- 
lar legends  still  current  in  Devon  and  Somerset,  it  would 
be  a  fruitless  task.  Such  things,  as  you  well  know, 
generally  have  but  very  air}'  foundations.  If  any  basis 
really  existed  for  either  of  those  in  question,  it  would 
assuredly  be  for  that  in  the  first  named  county ;  where 
Sir  Francis  was  born,  resided  when  not  on  active  service, 
and,  as  now  appears,  first  married.  The  legend  refers, 
therefore,  to  his  first  wife,  Mary  Newman.  In  the  Devon- 
shire version  of  it,  the  name  as  well  of  the  lady  as  of  the 
scene  of  the  startling  event  are  prudently  omitted.  The 
fact  of  Sir  Francis  having  taken  a  second  wife  from 
Somerset,  sufficiently  accounts  for  the  transplanting  (so 
to  speak)  of  the  miraculous  tale  into  that  county,  and  for 
all  its  subsequent  embellishments.  But  the  most  re- 
markable circumstance  in  connection  with  this  newly- 
discovered  passage  in  the  personal  history  of  the  great 
circumnavigator,  is,  that  at  the  time  of  his  first  marriage 
he  must  have  been  absolutely  penniless  !  In  the  preceding 
year  (1568),  he  had  lost  his  all  by  the  treachery  of  the 
Spaniards  in  St.  Juan  de  Ulloa;  and,  contrary  to  that 
prudence  by  which  all  his  other  steps  in  life  were  charac- 
terised, he  seems  to  have  snatched  a  temporary  comfort 
in  matrimony.  I  say  'temporary  comfort,'  because  in 
the  autumn  of  the  same  year  (1569)  he  made  a  secret 
voyage  to  the  West  Indies,  and  repeated  it  twice  in  the 
following  year,  '  to  gain  intelligence  '  of  his  enemies  there 
before  systematically  attacking  them ;  and,  as  Camden  re- 
lates, '  got  some  store  of  money  by  playing  the  seaman  and 
pirate,'  i.  e.  committing  reprisals  upon  Don  Martin  Hen- 
riquez,  the  treacherous  Viceroy  of  Mexico.  Mary  New- 
man, I  have  ascertained,  was  a  person  of  very  humble 
origin:  she  survived  ten  months  to  participate  in  the 
fame  and  dignities  of  her  husband.  Any  additional  facts 
concerning  him  will  be,  I  need  scarcely  add,  as  interesting 
as  serviceable  to  me."] 

PORTER,  WHERE  FIRST  SOLD.  —  Outside  an  old 
publichouse  called  the  "  Blue  Last,"  and  situate 
in  Curtain  Road  (the  neighbourhood  of  the  an- 
cient Curtain  Theatre),  Shoreditch,  is  a  board 


which  for  many  years  past  has  borne  the  follow- 
ing inscription  :  "  The  House  where  porter  was 
first  sold."  I  shall  be  glad  to  know  whether  there 
is  or  not  any  truth  in  this  statement.  If  it  be  a 
fiction,  it  will  not  be  the  first  historical  one  which 
has  been  published  by  a  tavern  sign-board. 

EDWARD  J.  WOOD. 

[It  was  in  the  year  1720  that  Ralph  Harwood,  whose 
brewhouse  was  on  the  east  side  of  High  Street,  Shore- 
ditch,  conceived  the  idea  of  making  a  liquor  which  should 
partake  of  the  united  flavours  of  ale,  beer,  and  twopenny, 
which  he  called  Entire,  or  Entire  butts.   It  is  said  to  have 
been  called  Porter,  either  from  its  having  been  the  com- 
mon drink  of  the  porters,  or  from  Harwood  sending  it 
round  to  his  customers  by  men  who,  when  they  knocked 
at  the  doors,  called  out  Porter ;  meaning  thereby  not  the 
drink,  but  themselves,  its  porters  or  carriers.    According 
to  Leigh  (quoted  in  Haydn's  Diet,  of  Dates)  it  was  first 
retailed  at  the  Blue  Last,  Curtain  Road.    Gutteridge,  a 
native  of  Shoreditch,  thus  praises  this  beverage :  — 
"  Harwood,  my  townsman,  he  invented  first 
Porter  to  rival  wine,  and  quench  the  thirst ; 
Porter,  which  spreads  its  fame  half  the  world  o'er, 
Whose  reputation  rises  more  and  more. 
As  long  as  porter  shall  preserve  its  fame, 
Let  all  with  gratitude  our  parish  name.""! 

SATIRICAL  EPITAPH.  —  Who  is  the  author  of 
the  lines  ending  — 

"  Who  never  said  a  foolish  thing, 
And  never  did  a  wise  one  ?  " 

At  which  of  our  kings  was  this  witticism  levelled  ? 

BETA. 

[This  satirical  epitaph  was  written  upon  Charles  II.,  as 
is  said,  at  his  own  request,  by  his  favourite  the  Earl  of 
Rochester :  — 

"  Here  lies  our  sovereign  Lord  the  King, 

Whose  word  no  man  relies  on ; 
Who  never  said  a  foolish  thing, 

And  never  did  a  wise  one." 

"The  matter,"  Charles  wittily  replied,  "was  easily 
accounted  for — his  discourse  was  his  own,  his  actions 
were  his  ministry's." — Hume's  History  of  England,  viii. 
312.] 

BATTLE  OF  WORCESTER,  1651.  — Are  there  any 
regimental  lists  of  officers  who  were  on  the  side  of 
Charles  II.  at  this  battle,  and  where  may  they  be 
found?  T.P. 

["The  names  of  the  general  officers  of  the  army  raised  m 
Scotland  by  Charles  II.  are  given  in  The  Boscobel  Tracts, 
edited  bv  J.  Hughes,  Esq.  8vo,  1857,  p.  192,  viz.  Lieut.- 
Gen.  David  Lesley,  Lieut.- Gen.  Middleton  (who  was  since 
created  Earl  of  Middleton,  Lord  Clarmont  and  Fetter- 
cairn),  Major-Gen.  Massey,  Major- Gen.  Montgomery, 
Major  Gen.  Daliel,  and  Major-Gen.  Vandrose,  a  Dutch- 
man. For  the  names  of  those  who  joined  the  king  s  army 
at  Worcester,  see  pp.  194,  199,  200.] 

CORN.  SCHONJEUS.  —  Can  you  give  me  any  ac- 
count of  C.  Schonseus,  a  (Dutch  ?)  author  who 
published  Terentius  Chrislianus,  containing  two 
Latin  dramas,  "  Tobaeus  "  and  "  Juditha,"  1575  ? 

R.  INGLIS. 

[Cornelius  Schonscus,  a  distinguished  poet,  and  Rector 
of  the  School  at  Haarlem,  was  born  at  Gouda  in  South 
Holland,  and  died  Nov.  28, 1611,  in  his  seventy-first  year. 


190 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  5,  '63. 


He  wrote,  1.  Terentius  Christianus,  Antwerp,  1570 ;  Lond. 
1595 ;  Amsterdam,  1629 ;  Frankfort,  1712.  2.  Elegies  and 
Epigrams.  3.  A  Grammar  of  the  Latin  Tongue.  See 
Ben  them,  Hollandischer  Kirclien-  und  Schulen-Staat; 
Andrea,  Bibliotheca  Belgica;  Kosnig,  Bib.  vet.  et  nova; 
Swertius,  Athenee  Belgica;.'] 

JOSEPH  HARPUR,  LL.D.  —  This  gentleman,  de- 
scribed as  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  is  men- 
tioned by  Watt  as  author  of  an  Essay  on  Cri- 
ticism, 1810.  We  do  not  find  his  name  in  the 
List  of  Cambridge  graduates.  Any  information 
respecting  him  will  be  acceptable. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

[Joseph  Harpur  was  of  Trinity  College,  Oxford,  B.C.L. 
Nor.  12,  1806  ;  D.C.L.  June  10,  1813.  Catalogue  of  Ox- 
ford Graduates,  ed.  1815,  p.  173.] 


THE  KNIGHTS  HOSPITALLERS  OF  ST.  JOHN  OF 
JERUSALEM. 

(3rd   S.   iv.  92.) 

I  shall  take  advantage  of  a  personal  appeal, 
addressed  to  me  by  your  correspondent  AN  OB- 
SERVER, to  express  my  great  disappointment  that 
the  strictures  of  HISTORICUS,  SCRUTATOR,  and 
others,  have  failed  to  draw  from  the  Society  calling 
themselves  the  "  Illustrious  and  Sovereign  Order 
of  Knights  Hospitallers  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem, 
Anglia,"  any  tangible  proof  or  evidence  of  the 
justice  of  their  claim  to  be  considered  a  legiti- 
mate branch  of  the  famous  Order,  whose  title  and 
attributes  they  have  assumed. 

MAJOR  PORTER  and  ANTIQUARIUS,  in  taking  up 
the  gauntlet,  have  indeed  declaimed  in  lofty  lan- 
guage, but  have  adduced  nothing  in  support  of 
their  cause  beyond  what  their  Synoptical  Sketch 
had  previously  put  forward ;  with  what  amount 
of  claim  to  credit,  HISTORICUS  and  SCRUTATOR 
have  sufficiently  demonstrated. 

MAJOR  PORTER,  in  his  reply  to  HISTORICUS, 
has  not  condescended  to  enlighten  us  on  the  rea- 
sons that  induced  him  to  change  his  opinion  of 
the  legitimacy  of  the  soi-disant  Langue  of  Eng- 
land expressed  in  the  History  of  the  Knights  of 
Malta.  He  considers  it  enough  for  us  to  know, 
that,  although  an  opinion  adverse  to  their  claims 
did  once  prevail  in  his  mind,  yet,  having  further 
considered  the  subject  and  held  converse  with 
some  leading  members  of  the  Langue,  he  had  be- 
come so  satisfied  with  the  justice  of  those  claims 
as  to  enroll  himself  a  member  of  the  Society  ; 
and  even  make  amends,  in  the  second  edition  of 
his  work,  for  untoward  remarks  regarding  them 
expressed  in  the  first,  &c.,  &c. 

With  your  permission  I  will  explain,  as  briefly 
as  possible,  why  I  feel  so  much  disappointed  that 
the  gallant  MAJOR  has  not  been  more  explicit  and 
communicative  on  the  subject. 


In  the  year  1858,  the  Langue  did  me  the 
honour  to  nominate  me  their  Commissioner,  to 
lay  before  the  Lieutenant  of  the  Magistery  and 
Sacred  Council  of  the  Order  of  St.  John,  in 
Rome,  an  application  on  their  part  for  some  re- 
cognition by  the  supreme  authority  of  the  Order. 

I  was,  at  the  same  time,  presented  with  a  copy 
of  the  Synoptical  Sketch,  and  instructed  by  the 
Grand  Secretary  to  consider  it  a  text-book  for 
general  reference  ;  and  a  vade-mecum,  from  whence 
to  glean  all  the  information  concerning  the  Langue 
and  its  claims  that  I  might  require  in  dealing 
with  the  S.  Council. 

In  the  course  of  my  diplomatic  doings  I  was 
frequently  questioned  as  to  the  antecedents  of  the 
Langue,  and  more  especially  as  to  the  authority 
on  which  their  pretensions  to  be  considered  legi- 
timate were  founded.  Being  totally  ignorant  of 
everything  concerning  the  body  of  which  I  was 
the  representative,  and  finding  the  Synoptical 
Sketch  quite  insufficient  to  furnish  any  satisfactory 
reply,  either  to  myself  or  to  my  interrogators,  I 
was  driven  in  my  perplexity  to  apply  to  the  late 
Sir  Richard  Broun,  the  Grand  Secretary  of  the 
Langue,  as  well  as  to  other  old  and  distinguished 
members  of  that  fraternity,  for  some  evidence  and 
vouchers  for  their  claims  more  respectable  than 
what  I  could  derive  from  the  brochure  above 
mentioned. 

Sir  Richard's  reply  may  be  thus  condensed  :  — 
He  had  no  proofs  to  produce,  and  despaired  of 
procuring  me  any ;  that,  from  1835  to  1858,  he 
had  been  trying  to  make  himself  acquainted  with 
the  early  history  of  the  Langue,  but  without  suc- 
cess ;  that  after  the  death  of  the  Grand  Prior  Sir 
Robert  Peat,  in  1837,  he  (Sir  R.  B.)  discovered 
that  the  documents  connected  with  the  revival 
of  the  Langue  were  scattered  about  in  many 
hands,  and,  as  he  feared,  for  the  most  part  lost  or 
destroyed ;  that  possibly  some  might  be  in  pos- 
session of  the  family  of  the.  "Agent  General"  em-  ; 
ployed  by  the  (soi-disant)  French  Capitular  Com-  ' 
mission,  viz.  a  tailor,  named  Currie  :  some,  again, 
had  passed  away  with  the  late  Mr.  B.,  ci-devant 
Grand  Secretary ;  and  some  might  be,  probably, 
found  with  a  distinguished  literary  member  of 
the  Langue,  &c.,  &c.*  In  short,  I  was  given  to 
understand  that  I  must  not  expect  anything  more 
presentable  than  what  the  Synoptical  Sketch  af- 
forded. Your  readers  will,  therefore,  imagine 
how  eagerly  I  looked  for  the  proofs— so  powerful, 
efficacious,  and  convincing  in  his  case — that  MA- 
JOR PORTER  had  been  so  fortunate  as  to  discover ; 
but  which  Sir  Richard  Broun's  efforts  for  more 
than  twenty  years,  with  all  his  experience  and 
advantages  as  Grand  Secretary  and  principal 
working  member  of  the  Langue,  to  back  those 
efforts,  had  failed  to  bring  to  light. 


*  Letter  of  Sir  R.  Broun,  penes  meipsum. 


3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  5,  ;G3.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


191 


The  negotiations  in  which  I  had  the  honour  t< 
figure  as  Commissioner  broke  down  entirely  ;  bu 
I  think  the  Langue  will  do  me  the  justice  to 
allow,  from  no  fault  of  mine.     I  regretted  the 
catastrophe  then,  as  I  do  now.     As  to  one  cause 
of  the  failure,  I  will  say  a  few  words  in  reply 
to  the  observation  of  ANTIQUARIUS  :    that  "  the 
Roman  Council  was  quite  as  willing  as  the  Eng- 
lish Chapter,  that  an  amalgamation  of  the  respec- 
tive bodies  should  take  place."     ANTIQDARIUS  is 
ignorant  of  the  principal  cause  of  such  willingness 
It  was  because  the  S.  Council  unhesitatingly  re- 
ceived for  truth  the  assertion,  put  forth  with  un- 
blushing   effrontery,    passim,    in   the   Synoptical 
Sketch,  and  other  publications  of  the  Langue  — 
endorsed  by  the  Grand  Priors,  men  of  note  and 
position,  who  presided  at  their  chapters,  reiterated 
in   their  "Declaratory  Resolutions"  —  impressed 
upon  me,  their  Commissioner,  by  repeated  instruc- 
tions from  their  Grand  Secretary,  as  a  powerful 
argument  to  urge   in  my  dealings  with  the   S. 
Council  in  their  behalf,  and  solemnly  averred  in 
an  address  to  the  S.  Council  itself,  from  the  Chap- 
ter of  the  Langue,  dated  from  "  St.  John's  Gate, 
Clerkenwell,  14th  July,  1858;"  and  signed  on  the 
part  of  that  Society  by  Dr.  James  Burnes,  "  Pre- 
ceptor of  Scotland,"   &c.,   &c.,   President ;    Sir 
Richard  Broun,  Bart.,  "  Grand  Secretary ;"  Tho- 
mas Troughear  Williams,  "  Knight  of  the  Golden 
Spur,  Count  of  the  Lateran,  Chancellor,  Grand 
Cross  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem ;"  J.  A.  Wilson, 
"  Knight  of  the  Legion  of  Honour,  Knight  of  the 
Golden  Spur,  Grand  Cross  of  St.  John  of  Jerusa- 
lem, Commendator  of  Quenyngton,  and  Sub-prior 
of  Clerkenwell"  :  that  the  lapsed  corporation  of  the 
4th  and  5th  Philip  and  Mary  had  been  solemnly 
revived,   and  that  the  English   Langue  had  been 
legally  constituted  a  corporate  body  by  certain  oaths, 
de  fideli  administratione,  taken  before  Sir  Thomas 
Denman,  Lord  Chief  Justice  of  England,  in  open 
court,  by  Sir  Robert  Peat,  as  Grand  Prior,  Sfc. 
Sfc.! 

I  will  here  candidly  confess,  that  my  knowledge 
of  the  law  regarding  lapsed  corporations  was  not 
sufficiently  profound  to  detect  the  absurdity  of 
this  audacious  statement ;  and  it  may  easily  be 
imagined  that  the  information  on  the  same  sub- 
ject, possessed  by  the  German  and  Italian  com- 
manders composing  the  S.  Council,  was  not 
superior  to  mine  ;  so,  for  reasons  that  in  no  way 
concern  the  present  discussion,  they  were  for  a 
while  disposed  to  look  favourably  upon  the  pro- 
posal.* However,  shortly  after  the  negotiation 
commenced,  the  magisterial  secretary  was  de- 
puted to  visit  England  to  inquire  into  that  and 
other  pleas  advanced  by  the  Langue,  as  claims 
for  recognition  ;  and  the  unhappy  result  was,  that 

*  The  difference  in  the  question  of  an  amalgamation 
with  a  legally  constituted  corporation,  and  with  the  Langue 
as  they  really  were  and  continue  to  be,  needs  no  comment. 


immediately  on  the  return  of  the  secretary  to  • 
Rome,  the  negotiation  itself  came  to  an  abrupt 
termination. 

I  have  had  many  opportunities  afforded  me  of 
examining  the  records,  preserved  in  the  Chancel- 
lerie  of  the  Order  at  Rome,  that  concern  the 
appointment  of  the  famous  Commission  of  Paris ; 
its  rise,  labours,  decline,  and  final  extinction,  with 
other  documentary  evidence,  fully  bearing  out 
the  account  given  of  it  by  your  correspondents 
HISTORICTJS  and  SCRUTATOR.  It  is  a  curious  fact, 
not  mentioned  by  any  of  your  correspondents, 
but  which  alone  would  be  sufficient  to  nullify  all 
the  acts  of  the  soi-disant  Capitular  Commission  to 
whom  the  Langue  owes  its  existence,  that  there 
was  not  a  single  Knight  of  Justice,  with  one  un- 
fortunate exception,  and  but  an  insignificant 
number  of  Knights  of  Devotion  and  Grace,  among 
those  who  declared  themselves  a  permanent  Com- 
mission, when  the  faculties  were  withdrawn,  by 
which  the  original  Commission  was  established. 
The  majority  of  the  insubordinates  were  subaltern 
officials — secretaries,  registrars,  an  abbe  or  two, 
and  the  like.  I  need  not  observe  that  the  Knights 
of  Devotion  are  merely  an  honorary  body,  with 
no  power  whatever  to  form  Commissions,  or  act 
in  any  way  as  regular  members  of  the  Order. 

The  solitary  exception  I  have  alluded  to  was 
the  octogenarian  commander,  Dienne ;  who,  by 
the  influence  of  a  near  relative — one  of  the  young 
refractory  Knights  of  Devotion  —  was,  in  his  do- 
tage, induced  to  sanction  with  his  honoured  and 
respectable  name  many  of  their  acts  which  his 
unimpaired  reason  would  never  have  consented 
to.  One  of  the  most  harmless  of  their  doings, 
during  their  short  though  mischievous  career,  was 
this  imaginary  revival  of  the  English  Language. 
Not  knowing  at  what  precise  point  truth  becomes 
ibel,  and  exposes  the  teller  thereof  to  the  fangs 
of  "old  Father  Antic,  the  law,"  I  shall  refrain 
from  further  description  of  the  exploits  of  this 
exemplary  body.  J.  J.  W. 

(To  be  concluded  in  our  next.) 


STRANGE  DERIVATIONS :  TREACLE. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  135.) 

"  Les  anciens  ont  autrefois  donne  le  nom  de  Theriaque 
plusieurs  compositions  apres  avoir  bien  e'prouve  la  vertu 
u'elles  pouvoient  avoir  contre  les  venins:  j usque- la 
tu'ils  ont  donne'  le  nom  de  Theriaque  a  quatre  drogues 
ointes.  ensemble,  et  mesmes  ils  1'ont  donne  a  une  seule, 
ar  ils  ont  appelle'  Tail  la  Theriaque  des  pauvres.  Et  de 
a  il  assert,  que  nous  n'aurons  pas  beaucoup  de  peine  a. 
uger,  que  les  vertus  que  la  Theriaque  a  pour  combattre 
t  pour  surmonter  toute  sorte  de  venins  luy  peuvent 
voir  acquis  en  partie  ce  nom-lL  Quelques-uns  s'atta- 
hans  aux  mots,  ont  tire  son  nom  de  e^o'iov,  qui  signifie 
"eram,  c'est  a  dire,  une  beste  farouche,  pour  denoter  que 
a  Theriaque  est  propre  non  seulement  contre  le  venin  de 
oute  sorte  d'animaux,  mais  aussi  contre  une  infinitie  de 


192 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"i  S.  IV.  SEPT.  5,  '63. 


maladies,  lesquelles  ils  comparent  a  des  bestes  farouches. 
D'autres  ont  cru  qu'  Andromachus  a  voulu  changer  le 
nom  de  Mitlirydat  en  celuy  de  Theriaque,  a  cause  de 
viperes,  auxquelles  il  a  attribue  le  nom  de  Bripiovi  et  les- 
quelles il  a  ajoute'  pour  la  base  principale  de  cette  com- 
position. Cette  pense'e  me  semble  la  plus  raisonable  de 
toutes,  poisque  la  Theriaque  n'a  commence  de  prendre  ce 
nom-la  que  lorsque  la  chair  des  viperes  est  entr£  dans  sa 
composition."  (Ch.  ii.  p.  9.)  —  Histoire  Naturelle  des 
Animaux,  des  Planless,  et  des  Mineraux,  qul  entrant  dans  la 
Composition  de  la  Theriaque  d' Andromachus,  by  Moyse 
Charas,  1'un  des  Apoticaires  de  Monsigneur  le  Due 
d'Orleans,  frere  unique  du  Roy.  12mo,  pp.  310.  Paris, 
1668. 

I  do  not  know  whether  the  book  from  which  I 
have  copied  the  above  is  scarce.  I  saw  it  on  a 
stall  a  few  days  ago,  and  should  have  passed  it 
over  but  for  the  "treacle  question."  It  has  a 
frontispiece  representing  a  beaver,  several  snakes, 
and  herbs  which  are  used  in  the  composition.  A 
list  of  the  ingredients,  to  the  number  of  sixty- 
seven,  is  given  in  the  fourth  chapter.  So  far  as  I 
can  judge,  the  medicine  would  be  innocent  and 
not  very  nasty,  under  the  liberty  allowed  with 
the  last :  "  Vini  generosi  quantum  satis." 

Moyse  Charas  must  have  been  very  superior  to 
his  contemporary  apothecaries.  His  style  is  clear 
and  neat,  and  he  puts  the  substance  of  each 
chapter  at  its  head  in  very  fair  Latin  sapphics, 
thus : — 

"  Du  VIN,  c.  LXXIII. 
Si  celebrate  careas  Falerno 
Limpidum  quaeres,  validumque  vinnm, 
Collibus  nascens,  silices  et  inter, 
Solis  ad  ortum." 

Moyse  Charas  has  been  an  apothecary  many 
years,  and  has  assisted  in  making  theriacum  under 
the  best  masters  at  Marseilles,  Lyons,  and  Mont- 
pellier.  He  is  engaged  in  preparing  a  hundred 
pounds  of  it,  which  will  soon  be  ready  for  sale ; 
and  he  hopes  that  the  physicians  will  not  quit 
their  own  department,  which  they  understand,  to 
meddle  with  inferior  branches  which,  for«want  of 
experience,  they  cannot.  Perhaps  there  was  in 
France  at  that  time  some  such  feeling  between 
the  two  ranks  of  the  medical  profession  as  that  to 
which  we  are  indebted  for  The  Dispensary. 

If  Charas  made  theriacum  according  to  his  book, 
he  must  have  been  a  very  honest  man  ;  as  many 
of  the  ingredients  were  expensive,  and  their  ab- 
sence could  not  be  detected  by  analysis.  He 
seems  to  be  trustworthy,  and  to  describe  clearly 
what  he  has  seen.  Having  exceeded  my  usual 
bounds,  I  will  mention  only  one  thing  more.  I 
knew  that  the  beavers  had  been  inhabitants  of 
the  banks  of  the  Rhone ;  but  thought  they  had 
left,  or  been  killed  there,  before  the  middle  of  the 
seventeenth  century.  Charas  says  they  were 
often  taken  there ;  that  he  had  a  live  one  which 
he  bought  for  three  crowns  of  the  peasant  who 
caught  it ;  and  that  no  physician  ought  to  be  ig- 
norant of  the  quality  of  animals  so  near  and  so 


abundant.     Had  they  departed  when  beaver  hats 
came  into  fashion  ?  FITZHOPKINS. 

Mantes. 


TREACLE,  AND  OYSTER  GROTTOES. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  135,  140.) 

In  all  our  etymologies  we  are  much  inclined  to 
look  too  high.  A  more  humble  aspiration  would 
frequently  give  us  much  better  insight  into  the 
real  meaning  of  the  words  we  use  than  high- 
flying excursus  into  Greek  or  Latin.  In  the 
words  of  Kotzebue's  beautiful  lyric,  translated 
into  English  under  the  title  of  "  Life  let  us  che- 
rish," he  says : — 

"  Man  schafft  so  gern  sich  Sorg'  nnd  Miih,    } 

Sucht  Dorner  auf  und  findet  sie, 
Und  lanst  das  Veilchen  unbemerkt, 
Das  dicht  am  Auge  blQhet." 

I  forget  the  English  words ;  but  true  it  is,  we 
often  overlook  what  is  immediately  at  our  feet. 

I  take  this  to  be  the  case  with  our  word  treacle , 
which,  from  its  being  affectedly  carried  into  our 
Pharmacopeias  as  theriacum,  your  correspondent 
thinks  must  be  a  Greek  word.  It  is  evident  that 
for  sugar  and  its  products,  we  can  have  no 
indigenous  nomenclature  till  its  arrival  on  our 
shores.  Assucar,  Muscovado,  and  Molasses,  are 
all  Spanish  names,  referring  to  the  mode  of  ex- 
pressing the  juice  of  the  sugar  cane  in  a  mill  in 
Jamaica,  before  Oliver  Cromwell  took  the  island 
from  the  Spanish  crown ;  and  the  significance  of 
these  words  will  have  to  be  discovered  in  the 
Spanish  language.  Molasses  is  evidently  derived 
from  the  Ibero-Latinised  mola,  the  mill ;  and  lasso, 
or  some  similar  word,  indicating  dropping.  It  is 
not  treacle. 

When  we  get  the  Muscovado  sugar  to  Europe, 
to  crystallise  into  loaf-sugar,  we  have  two  modes 
of  procedure :  the  raw  material,  when  boiled,  is 
cast  into  conical  forms  placed  on  their  apices, 
which  have  perforated  holes  at  the  bottom ;  from 
them  exudes  a  liquor  which,  if  not  escaping,  would 
prevent  the  perfect  crystallization  of  the  loaves, 
as  we  see  them  in  the  shops  ;  the  liquor  is  nearly 
white,  and  is  called  in  the  German  sugar-houses, 
nachlauf.  A  still  finer  and  paler  sort  is  gotten,  when 
in  the  final  process  lime  or  lime-water  is  added. 
Both  these  runnings  are  used  for  the  making  of 
capillaire.  But  do  we  not  perceive  that  both  are 
obtained  by  trickling  of  the  syrup  from  the  cones; 
and  as  our  physicians  and  grocers  must  have  re- 
ceived the  article  from  the  sugar  baker,  who 
must  have  given  it  a  name,  is  it  likely  that  he 
would  have  recourse  to  a  Greek  nomenclature  ? 
No !  he  would  rather  have  said  to  an  inquiry  as 
to  its  name,  "This  is  our  trickle."  It  was  a  refine- 
ment, or  misconception,  that  carried  this  fine  old 
English  word  over  into  dictionaries  as  Treacle. 


3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  5,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


193 


If  we  examine  the  English  word  syrup,  or  the 
German  syrop,  their  designation  of  treacle,  we 
shall  find  support  to  this  view.  Taking  the  first 
syllable  sy  or  su  as  cognate  with  sue  in  succus ; 
the  second,  rob,  is  identical  with  many  West 
Indian  words  for  the  inspissated  juice  of  vege- 
tables :  as  citron-rob  for  concentrated  lemon  juice, 
in  appearance  exactly  like  treacle. 

Oyster-shell  Grottoes.  • —  "  Please  to  remember 
the  grotto,  it  comes  but  once  a  year,"  was  the 
annual   apostrophe   before   these  delicacies  were 
brought  to  London  fresh  every  day,  sometimes 
twice  in  the  twenty-four  hours,  by  rail ;  and  was 
confined  to  the  4th  of  August,  the  day,  when  the 
"close"  ueason  of  the  beds  ended.     It  is  now  ex- 
tended by  our  juvenile  gamins  to  many  days  pre- 
vious and  subsequent  to  that  date ;  so  that  instead  of 
it  occurring  only  once  a  year,  it  must  be  the  wish 
of  all  that  it  never  came  at  all.     But  to  suppose 
that  it  had  any  connection  with  Santo  Jacopo  at 
Compostella,  appears  to  me  straining  at  a  gnat  and 
swallowing  a  camel.     In  the  first  place,  in  the 
Roman   Calendar,   the  4th  of  August  is  appro- 
priated to  the  veneration  of  neither  James  the 
Greater  of  St.  lago,  nor  any  other  James ;  and 
shells  were  too  general  emblems  of  pilgrimage  to 
be  appropriated  to  any  one  shrine  in  particular. 
The  association  between  shell  and  grotto  was  suf- 
ficiently near  for  the  common  mind;  and  the  day 
offered  sufficient  shells  when  the  4th  of  August 
was  the  period  when  the  j  nicy  esculent  could  be 
first  enjoyed,  after  a  long  interval  of  reticence, 
to  furnish  any  quantity  of  grottoes;  and  the  ven- 
dors might  encourage  the  construction  as  an  easy 
method  of  getting  quit  of  a  plethora  of  what  they 
would  otherwise   have   some  trouble   in   dispos- 
ing of. 

It  would  seem  that  formerly  the  grotto  was 
really  dressed  out  with  some  display,  as  I  recol- 
lect the  account  of  a  very  fine  Teniers  having 
been  bought  for  the  merest  trifle,  which  had  been 
used  as  a  decoration,  and  sold  by  the  boy  uncon- 
scious of  his  treasure.  WILLIAM  BELL,  Ph.  D. 
2,  Burton  Street,  Euston  Square. 


ALBIOX  AND  HER  WHITE  ROSES. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  104.) 

_  In  a  late  number  a  correspondent  put  a  ques- 
tion as  to  the  derivation  of  the  word  Albion, 
with  reference  to  an  alleged  quotation  from  Pliny. 
I  have  just  read  a  long,  rambling,  and  unsatisfac- 
tory article  on  "  Sacred  Trees  and  Flowers,"  in 
the  last  number  of  the  Quarterly  Itcvieiv,  in  which 
we  find  the  following  curious  statement :  — 

'  The  elder  Pliny,  in  discussing  the  etymology  of  the 
word  Albion,  suggests  that  the  land  may  have  been  so 
named  from  the  white  roses  ('ob  rosas"  albas ')  which 


abounded  in  it.*  Whatever  we  may  think  of  the  etymo- 
logical skill  displayed  in  the  suggestion,  the  words  call 
up  a  picture  of  the  great  Roman  encyclopaedist  in  earnest 
talk  with  some  master  of  legions,  newly  returned  from 
Britain — it  may  be  with  Vespasian  himself — and  plying 
him  with  eager  questions  about  the  woods  of  the  remote 
province  under  whose  branches  his  troops  had  so  often 
rested.  We  look  with  almost  a  new  pleasure  on  the  roses 
of  our  own  hedgerows,  when  regarding  them  as  descended 
in  a  straight  line  from  the  '  rosas  albas '  of  those  far-off 
summers." 

However  strange  it  may  seem,  Pliny  says  not 
one  word  about  the  name  being  derived  from 
either  white  rocks  or  white  roses.  His  expression 
is,  "  Albion  ipsi  nomen  fuit  cum  Britanniae  voca- 
rentur  crimes."  f  Now  Pliny  very  generally  gives 
his  authorities,  and,  like  other  literary  men,  had 
recourse  either  to  his  own  or  other  libraries  ;  and 
it  is  to  be  hoped,  had  he  troubled  any  Roman 
general  with  such  ridiculous  questions,  he  would 
have  got  kicked  for' his  pains.  It  is  really  sad  to 
see  this  sort  of  sensation  writing  getting  into  such 
a  work  as  the  Quarterly  Review  ;  and  when  a  man 
of  MR.  DALTON'S  learning  and  position  could  be 
taken  in,  we  may  imagine  the  great  mischief 
which  such  careless  statements  must  cause.  I 
hope  you  will  not  think  me  out  of  place  in 
drawing  from  it  a  lesson  or  two  for  our  future 
guidance. 

1 .  Always  doubt  a  quotation  till  you  have  veri- 
fied it.     It  is  astonishing  how  many  will  be  found 
either  wilfully  or  thoughtlessly  falsified. 

2.  Be  particular  in  giving  such  a  reference  as 
may  be  easily  found.     Assist,  in  fact,  the  "  gentle 
reader"  as  much  as  possible,  and  he  will  return 
the  compliment  with  kindly  feelings  and  double 
thanks  for  saving  his  time  and  trouble. 

With  reference  to  these  particular  etymological 
inquiries,  it  would  be  too  much  to  say  "Never 
make  them  ;"  but  let  us  get  a  lesson  out  of  this 
word  Albion.  Everybody  knows  that  there  are 
the  white  cliffs  of  Dover,  and  that  albus  is  the 
Latin  for  white.  What  can  be  plainer  ?  But  it 
unluckily  happens  that  the  name  was  given  long 
before  the  Romans  knew  anything  of  the  island, 
and  before  they  had  a  ship  011  the  sea.  The  name 
first  appears  in  Aristotle;  and  the  Greek  word 
for  white  is  not  albus.  But  whether  the  name 
was  given  by  the  Greeks,  the  Phoenicians,  Car- 
thaginians, or  anybody  else,  it  is  pretty  generally 
acknowledged  that  the  south-west,  not  the  south- 
;ast  corner  of  the  island,  was  first  known,  and 
there  the  rocks  are  not  chalk  :  so  that  the  deriva- 
tion fails  both  subjectively  and  objectively,  and  a 
close  examination  of  etymologies  of  proper  names 
will  show  that  this  is  almost  always  necessarily 


"  Albion  insula  sic  dicta  ab  albis  rupibus  quas  mare 
alluit,  vel  ob  rosas  albas  quibus  abundat."  —  Hist.  Nat., 
v.  16. 

t  Nat.  Hist.,  iv.  16,  Elzevir,  1635.  In  later  editions, 
as  Leipsic,  1830,  it  is  chap.  xxx.  vol.  i.  p.  294.  Albion 
was  the  chief  of  the  Britannic  Isles. 


194 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  SEI»T.  u,  '03. 


the  case.  It  is  useless  to  enter  into  any  etymo- 
logical inquiry,  unless  the  language  to  which  the 
word  belongs  is  known  ;  and  to  refer  again  to  the 
word  Albion,  we  neither  know,  nor  is  it  all  likely 
we  ever  shall  know,  what  tongue  it  belongs  to. 

Another  point  may  be  mentioned.  When  a 
querist  asks  about  the  meaning  or  derivation  of  a 
word,  the  least  he  can  do  is  to  give  the  passage  in 
•which  it  is  found,  and  any  further  explanation 
which  he  can  afford.  But  in  your  pages  it  not 
unfrequently  happens  that  your  readers  are  asked 
"  What  does  such  a  word  mean  ? "  and  no  further 
information  is  given.  And  such  questioners  must 
not  be  surprised  to  find  no  notice  taken  of  them. 
At  the  risk  of  trespassing  still  further  upon  your 
space,  will  you  allow  me  to  relate  a  story  in  point, 
which  is  to  be  found  in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine 
for  1786,  vol.  ii.  p.  553. 

A  gentleman  met  with  the  word  auca,  and  ap- 
plied to  a  learned  friend  for  an  explanation,  and 
the  result  was  a  letter  beginning  :  — 

"  Perhaps  auca  may  be  from  the  Gothic  auktigard, 
hortus,  KTJTTOS  :  a  word  probably  derived  from  aukan,  Sax. 
eacan,  Island,  aulta,"  &c.,  &c. 

After  going  fully  into  the  matter,  and  adding  a 
trifle  of  Hebrew,  he  comes  to  the  conclusion  that 
auca  was  a  garden.  This  was  on  Sept.  14,  1774. 
Four  days  after,  however,  he  found  the  word  in 
Littleton's  Barbarous  Latin  Dictionary,  and  that 
it  meant  goose.  If  this  serves  as  a  hint,  perhaps 
even  this  long  letter  may  be  useful  in  saving  the 
time  of  your  numerous  correspondents. 

JANNOC. 


AEROSTATION. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  146.) 

The  passage,  supposed  to  relate  to  a  discovery 
of  aerostation  as  early  as  1 607,  is  very  short,  and 
for  the  sake  of  clearness  may  be  here  repeated : — 

"  Sept.  27,  1607. 

"  The  greatest  newes  of  this  countrie  is  of  an  ingenious 
fellow,  that  in  Barkeshire  sailed  or  went  over  a  high 
steeple  in  a  boat,  all  of  his  owne  making ;  and,  without 
other  help  then  himself  in  her,  conveyed  her  above  twenty 
miles  by  land  over  hills  and  dales  to  the  river,  and  so 
clown  to  London." 

Now  in  1606  the  celebrated  Peirescius  (Nicolas 
Uande  Fabri  de  Peiresc)  came  with  the  French 
Ambassador  to  England,  was  graciously  received 
by  King  James,  and  having  gone  to  Oxford,  and 
visited  Camden,  Sir  Robert  Cotton,  Sir  Henry 
Saville,  and  other  literary  men,  went  over  to 
Holland.  While  there,  he  travelled  to  Sceveling 
for  the  purpose  of  seeing  a  sailing  chariot  lately 
made  under  the  direction  of  the  celebrated  mathe- 
matician and  mechanist  Simon  Stevinus.  Peires- 
cius was  much  struck  with  the  invention,  and, 
according  to  Gassendus  (Vita  Peireskii,  lib.  ii.), 


he  used  to  describe  the  astonishment  with  which 
he  was  hurried  along,  driven  by  a  rapid  wind, 
which  was  yet  not  perceived  by  those  in  the  cha- 
riot, for  they  went  as  fast  as  the  wind  itself. 

"  Commemorare  solebat  stuporem  quo  correptus  fuerat, 
cum  vento  translatus  citatissimo  uon  persentiscere  tamen, 
nempe  tarn  citus  erat  quam  ventus." 

Peirescius  describes  the  sailing  chariot  as  going 
from  Sceveling  to  Putten,  about  forty-two  Eng- 
lish miles,  in  two  hours.  Another  contempora- 
neous writer,  Walceius,  describes  the  carriage  as 
carrying  six  or  ten  persons  a  distance  of  twenty 
or  thirty  German  miles  in  a  few  hours,  with  far 
greater  speed  than  the  swiftest  ship  on  the  sea, 
being  completely  under  the  easy  command  of  the 
man  at  the  helm. 

It  is  known  that  Peirescius  was  obliged,  by 
family  affairs,  to  return  to  Paris  in  September 
1606;  and  thus  the  striking  invention,  or  pos- 
sibly application  of  a  kind  of  locomotive  used 
before  in  China,  and  even  in  Spain,  would  be 
made  known  to  his  literary  and  scientific  friends 
in  France  and  in  England. 

Grotius  celebrated  the  ingenuity  of  Stevinus 
in  two  epigrams.  The  fifth  epigram  contained  in 
his  Poemata  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  Imposuit  plaustro  vectantem  carbasa  navirn  ? 

An  potiiis  navi  subdidit  ille  rotas? 
Scandit  aquas  navis :  currus  ruit  acre  prono : 
Et  merito  dicas, '  Hie  volat,  ilia  natat.' " 

In  his  fifteenth  Epigram  he  pays  a  graceful 
and  elegant  tribute  to  Stevinus,  after  the  Roman 
fashion,  a  reference  being  made,  in  the  second 
line,  to  the  celestial  constellation,  Argo  Navis :  — 

"  Ventivolum  Tiphys  deduxit  in  requora  navim : 

Jupiter  in  Stellas  setheriamque  domum : 
In  terrestre  solum  virtus  Stevinia :  nam  nee, 
Tiphy,  tuum  fuerat,  nee  Jovis  istud  opus." 

The  success  of  the  experiment  in  Holland  at 
least  as  early  as  September  1606,  was  likely  to 
produce  imitators  in  England  as  early  as  Sep- 
tember 1607 ;  and  "  the  ingenious  fellow  in  Barke- 
shire "  appears  to  have  been  one.  He  conveyed 
"  a  boat  all  of  his  owne  making,"  "  above  twenty 
miles  by  land,  over  hills  and  dales," — upon  one  of 
which  hills  he  might  well  be  over,  or  above,  "  a 
high  steeple  "  in  a  dale  —  and  so  arriving  at  the 
river,  might  proceed  to  London  by  water  in  his 
boat,  detached  from  its  temporary  wheels. 

That  it  is  possible  for  a  wheeled  carriage,  driven 
by  sails,  to  pass  over  uneven  ground,  was  experi- 
mentally proved  about  the  year  1820,  when  such 
a  carriage  travelled  along  the  turnpike  road  from 
Great  Cbesterford  to  Newmarket,  a  distance  of 
about  fifteen  miles,  over  some  considerable  hills, 
at  the  rate,  it  is  said,  of  about  thirteen  miles  an 
hour.  The  writer  of  this  reply  saw  that  sailing 
carriage  in  motion  on  Newmarket  Heath.  It  was 


3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  5,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.. 


195 


cutter  rigged,  with  a  fore-and-aft  mainsail  and 
triangular  fore-sail.  It  carried  several  persons ; 
worked  easily  to  windward,  coming  up  to  the 
wind  and  tacking  as  readily  as  a  boat  on  the 
water ;  and  its  speed  was  then  such  as  to  keep  a 
horse  at  a  moderate  canter  in  order  to  accompany 
it. 

It  would  thus  appear  that  the  above  passage 
has  probably  no  reference  to  aerostation.  If  such 
a  discovery  had  been  made  at  the  beginning  of 
the  seventeenth  century,  it  never  could  have  been 
lost.  We  should  have  found  allusions  to  it  in 
Bp.  Wilkins'  Discourse  concerning  the  Possibility 
of  a  Passage  to  the  World  in  the  Moon,  1638,  and 
in  his  Mathematical  Magic,  1648.  Yet,  while 
that  daring  and  most  original  thinker  describes 
at  length  Stevinus's  sailing  chariot,  and  discusses 
several  means  by  which  flight  might  be  effected 
mechanically,  he  makes  no  mention  of  a  balloon, 
or  any  similar  means  of  rising  in  the  air.  He 
does  not  appear  to  be  acquainted  even  with  the 
theoretical  notion  of  his  contemporary,  the  Jesuit 
Lana,  who  proposed  to  exhaust  hollow  balls  of 
metal,  and  thus  to  render  them  specifically  lighter 
than  the  atmosphere,  forgetful  that  such  balls 
would  be  crushed  by  the  enormous  pressure  of  the 
external  air,  unsupported  by  a  fluid  within. 

T.  C. 


EXECUTION  OF  CHARLES  I. 
(3rd  S.  iii.  213,  292.) 

May  I  add  another  quotation  on  this  subject, 
and  ask  your  esteemed  correspondent  A.  A.,  on 
the  next  occasion  that  he  visits  the  library  at 
Windsor  Castle,  to  see  if  he  can  identify  the 
window  in  the  first  four  plates  to  which  he  refers, 
by  the  following  statement  in  a  letter,  which,  if 
now  printed,  should  it  be  still  somewhat  unknown, 
may  serve  two  purposes  ?  — 

"  The  Scotsmen  who  sold  their  king,  for  a  valuable 
consideration,  to  the  English,  appointed  a  Committee, 
consisting  of  the  Earl  of  Lothian,  Sir  John  Chaiselie,  and 
Kobert  Blair,  to  repair  to  London,  when  the  sad  cata- 
strophe approached  —  to  do  everything  which  might  con- 
duce to  the  good  of  Scotland.  These  three  Commissioners 
gave  in  a  protestation  against  taking  away  the  King's 
life ;  and  the  General  Assembly  of  the  Kirk  gave  in  a 
Testimony  to  the  same  purpose.  But  the  Independents 
were  too  slye  and  powerful  for  the  Presbyterians :  and 
the  unfortunate  king  was  ordered  to  be  put  to  death  by 
a  public  execution.  The  Scots  Commissioners  gave  the 
following  account  of  that  abominable  event  to  the  Kirk 
in  these  terms : 

"  '  Right  Revd  and  Hon"', 

" '  This  day,  about  two  of  the  Clock  in  the  afternoon, 
his  Majesty  was  brought  out,  at  the  window  of  the  balcony 
of  the  Banqueting  House  of  Whitehall,  near  which  a  stage 
was  set  up,  and  his  head  struck  off  with  an  axe ;  where- 
with we  hold  it  our  duty  to  inform  you :  and  so,  being  in 


haste,  we  shall  say  no  more  at  this  time,  but  that  we 
remain, 

<; '  Tour  most  aff.  friends  to  serve  you, 
" '  Coven  t  Garden,  '  LOTHIAN. 

30  Jany.  164|.  Jo.  CHAISELIE. 

Ro.  BLAIR. 

" '  For  the  R'.  Revd.  the  Com™ 
of  the  Kirk  of  Scotland 
met  at  Edinburgh.' 

"  This  Epistle,  which  is  curious  for  its  succinctness,  its 
cautiousness,  and  its  unfeelingness,  has  never,  I  believe, 
been  printed." 

The  above  forms  the  first  part  of  a  letter  from 
George  Chalmers  to  the  Rt.  Hon.  Sir  Joseph 
Banks,  Bart.,  and  is  dated  Whitehall,  20  April, 
1813:  it  is  preserved  in  the  British  Museum, 
Add.  MS.  6306.  The  words  in  italics  in  the 
letter  will  draw  attention  to  the  point  in  ques- 
tion, the  purport  of  this  note. 

Considering  that  this  historical  letter  was  an 
authority,  and  having  lately  tried  to  identify  this 
window  by  the  letter,  I  arrived  at  a  singular 
result.  I  looked  at  all  the  prints  in  the  Cole's 
Pennant  Collection  ;  not  even  the  print  therein 
after  Hollar's  drawing  in  the  Pepysian  Library 
at  Cambridge,  stated  to  be  of  the  early  part  of 
the  reign  of  Charles  I.,  affords  any  clue  to  a 
solution,  but  it  shows  that  the  small  projection  on 
the  north  side  was  then  in  existence.  The  ques- 
tion is,  which  is  the  balcony  ?  Could  this  projec- 
tion be  so  called  ?  Was  the  term  given  to  those 
small  projecting  balustrades  to  the  three  middle 
windows  of  the  first  floor  ?  But  why  "  the  window 
of  the  balcony,"  and  not  "  the  centre  window," 
or  the  end  window  ?  "  Wishing  to  explain  to  a 
friend  the  difficulty,  I  opened  London  and  its 
Environs  Described,  and  turning  up  the  small 
plate  showing  the  Banqueting- House,  we  were 
surprised  to  find  that  the  window  on  each  side 
of  the  centre  window  of  the  lower  range  is  repre- 
sented a  blank  one,  that  is,  they  are  both  filled  in 
with  stone-work !  It  is  drawn  by  Samuel  Wale 
(afterwards  R.A.),  and  published  1761.  This 
centre  window  might  thus  perhaps  be  called  "  the 
window  of  the  balcony."  Not  having  before 
noticed  this  peculiarity  of  the  facade  in  the 
prints,  I  looked  at  the  engravings  in  the  King's 
Collection  ;  the  result  is,  that  Spilbergh's  fine  and 
large  print  of  1683,  like  most  other  illustrations 
of  this  building,  shows  all  windows ;  that  a  draivn 
plan  of  the  first  floor,  made  in  1796  by  J.  T. 
Groves,  an  Architect,  and  also  Clerk  of  the  Works 
for  Whitehall  under  the  Board  of  Works,  shows 
two  windows  on  each  side  of  the  centre  window  as 
blanks !  and  still  further,  that  T.  Malton's  large 
perspective  view,  in  1781,  shows  the  same  two 
blank  windows  on  each  side!  This  print  also  gives 
the  north  projection,  and  its  two  small  windows, 
one  above  the  other,  much  smaller  than  those  of 
the  fagade,  and  out  of  which  the  king  could  not 
have  gone,  as  regards  height.  Does  not  all  this 


196 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  SEPT.  5,  '63. 


decide  that  the  centre  window  is  "  the  window 
of  the  balcony,"  and  the  one  for  which  we  are 
searching  ? 

Another  question  I  beg  to  submit,  and  that  is,  j 
Was   the  king  taken   on   the   north  side  of  the 
building  at  all  ?    The  following  are  the  principal 
statements  in  respect  of  the  assertion  that  he  was 
there  :  — 

Herbert  (p.  135)  says,  "There  was  a  passage 
broken  through  the  wall,  by  which  the  king  passed 
unto  the  scaffold."  Warwick  (p.  344)  says,  "  He 
came  out  of  the  Banqueting-house  on  the  scaf- 
fold." A  pamphlet  of  the  day,  entitled  King 
Charles  his  Speech,  states  the  king  came  "  through 
the  Banqueting-house,  adjoining  to  which  the 
scaffold  was  erected  between  Whitehall  Gate  and 
the  gate  leading  into  the  gallery  from  St.  James's." 
Pennant  says,  he  came  "  through  the  wall  in 
which  a  passage  was  broken.  This  passage  still 
remains  at  the  north  end  of  the  room,  and  is  at 
present  the  door  to  a  small  additional  building  of 
later  date."  Ludlow  relates  that  the  king  was 
"  conducted  to  the  scaffold  out  of  the  window  of 
the  Banqueting-house."  Smith,  as  I  before 
noticed,  has  marked  the  centre  of  the  front  as  the 
place  of  execution.  Vertue,  "  according  to  the 
truest  reports,"  has  marked  a  window  belonging 
to  the  small  building  on  the  north  side  for  the 
one  through  which-  Charles  passed.  If  we  could 
identify  Charles's  bedchamber  (called  council- 
room  by  some  writers) — that  room  in  which  he 
rested  for  a  while  previous  to  the  execution  —  it 
might  assist  in  determining  the  route  he  took  ;  as 
to  whether  he  passed  through  the  Banqueting- 
house  northwards  into  the  projection,  and  so  out, 
or  whether  he  came  into  the  Banqueting-house 
southwards.  Pennant  declares  that  the  bedchamber 
is  marked  A  on  the  old  plan.  This  old  plan,  I 
presume,  is  that  of  Fisher's,  taken  about  1670  or 
1680,  and  engraved  by  Vertue.  The  chambers 
having  that  letter  are  called  thereon,  "  Her  Ma- 
jesty's apartments;"  so  what  authority  Pennant 
had  for  deeming  them  the  King's  bedchamber  is 
not  clear ;  and  when  it  is  remembered  that  these 
chambers  so  marked  overlooked  the  river,  we  may 
probably  doubt  whether  they  took  the  king  right 
across  the  palace  from  the  Park  to  the  river. 
Herbert,  whose  account  we  must  greatly  respect, 
says,  after  crossing  the  Park  from  St.  James's, 
"  coming  to  the  stair  ....  passed  along  the  gal- 
leries unto  his  bedchamber ;"  afterwards  "  a  guard 
was  made  all  along  the  galleries  and  the  Banquet- 
ing House,  but  behind  the  soldiers  abundance  of 
men  and  women  crowded  in.  There  was  a  passage 
broken  through  the  wall,  by  which  the  king  passed 
unto  the  scaffold.'1  After  the  execution,  the 
Bishop  and  Herbert  "  went  with  the  body  to  the 
back  stairs  to  be  embalmed,  meantime  they  went 
into  the  Long  Gallery,  where  they  met  the  Gene- 
ral," and  met  Cromwell  therein  further  on. 


Comparing  this  statement  with  the  old  plan  of 
Whitehall,  it  appears  to  me  that  the  Long  Gal- 
lery could  only  be  on  the  south  side  of  the  Ban- 
queting House,  and  that  the  back  stairs  was  also 
near  the  south  side.  If  this  line  of  the  route  taken 
be  tenable,  and  i  have  seen  no  authorised  state- 
ment to  the  contrary,  added  to  which  there  do 
not  appear  to  be  any  buildings  at  all  likely  to 
have  contained  "  galleries,"  or  the  Long  Gallery 
on  the  north  side,  and  no  back  stairs  in  that  posi- 
tion, I  came  to  the  conclusion  that  the  "  passage 
broken  through  the  wall "  was  made  on  the  south 
side,  and  not  on  the  north,  and  was  done  to  give 
access  from  the  Palace  to  the  first  floor  of  the 
Banqueting  House  without  passing  into  the  open 
court. 

I  trust  the  subject  will  excuse  this  long  "note" 
in  your  short  and  valuable  pages ;  and  will  only 
add,  as  a  reply  to  the  question  of  A.  A.,  that  no 
engravings  that  I  have  seen  show  any  steps  up  to 
the  scaffold,  which  is  stated  to  have  been  hung 
with  black,  though  that  is  not  represented  in  any 
plate.  WYATT  PAPWORTH. 


LEARNED  DANE  ON  UNICORNS  (3rd  S.  i.  50.)  — 
Among  the  ancients  who,  as  F.  R.'s  quotation 
says,  represented  female  deer  with  horns,  may  be 
mentioned  Callimachus,  in  his  hymn  to  Artemis  :  — 

"  ESpes  firl  Trpo/J.o\rjs  opfos  TOV  nafipaaioio 


Alec  t&ovKO\eut>TO  fueX 

Maa'awey  ^  rat/pot'  Kepduv  5'  aire\a[nreTO 

Ernesti's  Callimachus,  1761,  torn.  i.  p.  110. 
Aristotle  says,  referring  to  the  passage  :  — 

"  "En.  irorepoiv  iffrl  rb  d^prrjyua,  T&V  Kara  r^v 
Tfxvnvi  n  far'  &\\o  ffUyUjSe/SrjK^s  ;  I  \ar-rov  yap,  (i  /xv; 
%8fi  ori  e\a<pos  64}\eia.  Kfpara  OVK  ex6'i  $1  *'  Ka.KOfufj.iirws 
eypatyf."  —  Poetics,  Oxon.,  1794,  chap.  xlvi.  p.  87. 

Tyrwhitt  says,  in  a  note  :  — 

"  Pindarus,  ut  et  Anacreon,  cervas  cornutas  fecerunt. 
In  Olymp.,  Ode  3  :  Xpvffoicepcav  t\arpov  6-f)\fiav.  Cornua 
capitibus  cervarum  poetas  de  industria  affigere  verisimile 
est:  qua  ratione  nescio  qiiae  inc'redibilia  1'hoenici  affinxe- 
runt.  Vide  qua?  annotavit  Anna,  Fabri  filia,  in  locum 
Callimachi.  —  (  Upton.)" 

The  poet  could  not  mean  that  these  deer  were 
females,  which  had  assumed  some  of  the  outward 
characteristics  of  the  male  sex,  as  is  sometimes 
the  case  with  animals  of  the  bovine  and  ovine 
genera.  The  celebrated  Hunter,  in  his  treatise 
on  the  freemartin,  has  adduced  several  instances 
of  the  kind  ;  but  says  nothing  about  deer. 

I  am  acquainted  with  a  district  in  which  those 
beautiful  animals  (both  red  and  fallow)  abounded, 
till,  by  an  act  of  Vandalism  and  cruelty,  they 
were  all  destroyed,  and  I  never  heard  of  a  female 
with  horns.  Still,  I  would  not  pronounce  such  a 
thing  impossible. 


3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  5,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


197 


It  is  my  opinion  that  the  poets  gave  horns  t( 
their  female  deer  for  the  sake  of  ornament,  with 
out  regard  to  correctness  in  natural  history.     In 
some  cases,  perhaps,  through  ignorance  or  inad 
vertence.  W.  D. 

JACOB'S  STAFF  (3rd  S.  iv.  113,  &c.)  —  Fletcher 
in  his  play  of  The  Elder  Brother,  makes  mention 
of  this  instrument.  In  the  conversation  between 
Miramont  and  Brisac,  the  latter,  speaking  con- 
temptuously of  the  practical  results  of  learning 
says  as  follows :  — 
"  Can  history  cut  my  hay,  or  get  my  corn  in  ? 

And  can  geometry  vent  it  in  the  market? 

Shall  I  have  my  sheep  kept  with  a  Jacob's  staff,  now  ?  " 

It  is  also  alluded  to  in  Hudibras,  part  n.  canto 
3,  line  706  :  — 

"  Tell  me  but  what's  the  nat'ral  cause 
Wh3'  on  a  sign  no  painter  draws 
The  full  moon  ever,  but  the  half? 
Resolve  that  with  your  Jacob's  staff." 

Dr.  Zachary  Grey,  in  his  note  on  this  passage, 
quotes  from  Cleveland's  Hecatomb  to  his  Mistress, 
p.  11:- 

"  Reach  then  a  soaring  quill,  that  may  write, 

A.S  with  a  Jacob's  staff  to  take  her  Jteight." 
And  he  mentions  an  astrologer  at  the  court  of 
the  King  of  Spain,  who  "  could  nearly  take  heights 
with  the  naked  eye  without  the  help  of  this  in- 
strument." (Lady's  Travels,  Sfc.  5th  ed.  part  in. 
p.  251.)  W.  Bo  WEN  ROWLANDS. 

PRINCE  CHRISTIERN  OF  DENMARK  (3rd  S.  iv. 
173.)  —  The  following  is  the  genealogy  of  Prince 
Christiern  of  Denmark,  father  of  the  Princess  of 
Wales:  — 

Christian  III.  King  of  Denmark  and  Norway,  died 
1559. 

John,  the  younger,  Duke  of  Holstein-Sonderburg,  died 
1622. 

Alexander,  Duke  of  Holstein-Sonderburg,  died  1627. 

Augustus-Philip,  Duke  of  Holstein-Beck.  died  1675. 

Frederick-Louis,  Duke  of  Holstein  Beck,  died  1728. 

Peter- Augustus-Frederick,  Duke  of  Holstein-Beck,  died 
1775. 

Charles-Anthony-Augustus,  Prince  of  Holstein-Beck, 
died  1759. 

Frederick-Charles- Louis,  Duke  of  Holstein-Beck  (?). 

Frederick- William-Paul-Leopold,  Duke  of  Holstein- 
Beck,  died  1831. 

Christian,  Prince  of  Denmark,  of  the  House  of  Schles- 
wig-Holstein,  Sonderburg-Glucksburg. 

(Koch,  cxvi.  cxviiL ;  Almanac  de  Gotha, 
1836-37.) 

T.   J.  BUCKTON. 

GREEK  PHRAS£  (3rd  S.  iv.  167.)  —  The  word 
awoff^evSovdu  in  Jones's  Lexicon  is  referred  to  Plu- 
tarch (Works  by  Reiske,  x.  383).  My  copy  does 
not  show  Reiske's  pages,  and  I  have  here  no  access 
to  his  edition.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

"FAERIE  QUEENE"  UNVEILED  (3rd  S.  iv.  140.) — 
I  beg  to  assure  MESSRS.  COOPER  that  /,  for  one, 


never  have  had  any  doubt  of  their  identification 
of  "  E.  K."  with  Edward  Kerke ;  or  of  his  having 
been,  as  I  believe  they  have  stated,  a  son  of  the 
Mrs.  Kerke  through  whom  Spenser  used  to  send 
and  get  parcels  and  letters  to  and  from  Cam- 
bridge. As  he  speaks  of  coming  to  Mrs.  Kerke's 
"  to  have  his  letter  delivered  to  the  carrier,"  may 
not  Mrs.  Kerke  have  been  the  proprietor  of  the 
Bull  Inn  in  Bishopsgate  Street;  at  which  the 
Cambridge  carrier,  the  well-known  Hobson,  used 
to  stop  ? 

As  to  C.'s  elaborate  unveiling  of  the  Faerie 
Queene,  I  must  say  that  I  differ  from  it  toto  cado  ; 
and  if  the  readers  of  "N.  &  Q."  have  no  objec- 
tion, I  shall,  when  I  have  more  leisure  than  at 
present,  give  my  conception  of  the  allegory  of  the 
first  book,  and  make  some  remarks  on  the  other 
books..  In  1859,  I  wrote  an  article  in  Fraser's 
Magazine  on  the  Life  of  Spenser,  which  was 
highly  praised  in  ;'  N.  &  Q.,"  and  which  MB. 
COLLIER  might  have  read.  In  it  I  proved  that 
Spenser  must  have  been  born  in  1551,  and  not 
in  1553,  as  is  usually  supposed.  I  accounted 
for  his  residence  in  Kent,  and  acquaintance 
with  Sir  Philip  Sidney.  I  made  it,  I  believe, 
pretty  clear  that  Rosalind  was  a  donna  di  mente  — 
a  purely  imaginary  personage.  I  gave  strong 
reasons  in  proof  of  his  never  having  left  Ireland 
from  1580  to  1589  —  a  proof,  by  the  way,  of  his 
not  having  seen  the  Arcadia  in  MS.,  which  was 
not  printed  till  after  the  First  Part  of  the  Faerie 
Queene,  I  have  further  shown  that  his  Sonnets 
give  a  regular  and  faithful  history  of  his  court- 
ship of  the  lady  who  became  his  wife.  There  is 
one  omission  :  I  was  not  aware  that  the  proba- 
bility is,  that  when  he  fled  to  England  in  1598,  he 
left  his  wife  and  children  either  with  her  family 
(at  Kinsale  ?),  or  with  his  sister  Mrs.  Travers  (at 
Cork  ?) 

A  change  in  the  management  of  the  Magazine 
prevented  me  from  writing  in  it,  as  I  had  in- 
tended, on  the  works  of  Spenser  ;  and  I  now  pro- 
pose giving  some  of  my  observations  and  dis- 
coveries in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q." 

THOS.  KEIGHTLET. 

THETA  (3rd  S.  iv.  111.)  —  Various  forms  of  the 
sacred  circle,  or  periphery,  are  to  be  found  on 
the  earlier  coins  of  Britain.  This  emblem  appears 
on  thirteen  out  of  twenty-one  examples  before 
me ;  and,  except  on  one  coin,  is  accompanied  by 
the  horse,  a  type,  evidently  a  rude  imitation  copied 
from  Greek  coins.  The  forms  under  which  this 
periphery  appears,  are:  1.  A  large  dot.  2.  A 
dot  surrounded  by  seven  others.  3.  A  wheel  with 
six  spokes ;  or  'a  dot  within  a  circle,  from  which 
ssue  six  bars.  4.  A  wheel  with  four  spokes.  5. 
A  circle,  or  annulus.  6.  A  lozenge  with  dotted 
x)ints.  7.  A  cross,  composed  of  five  dots.  In 
11  these  cases  the  circle,  &c.,  occurs  in  the  base  of 
he  coin,  below  the  horse.  On  several  there  are, 


198 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  IV.  SEPT.  5,  '63. 


in  addition  to  these  base  circles,  other  similar 
circles  before  and  above  the  horse.  And  in  some 
cases  we  find,  not  only  the  wheel  with  spokes,  or 
cross  within  a  circle,  but  also  a  mark  very  similar 
to  the  numismatic  Greek  ©;  namely,  a  dot  within 
a  circle,  the  emblem  of  divinity. 

On  the  reverse  of  one  coin,  instead  of  the  type 
of  a  horse,  there  is  a  rude  representation  of  a 
bird,  which  appears  to  me  to  have  been  imitated 
from  some  of  the  Ptolemaic  coins.  In  front  of 
the  bird  is  a  cross  saltirewise,  between  four  dots — 
the  wheel  emblem  in  another  form.  And  behind 
the  bird  is  a  geometrical  or  mystic  figure  :  the 
interlaced  triangle,  or  star  of  five  points. 

However  appropriate  the  cross  may  be  as  an 
emblem  on  the  coins  of  Christian  sovereigns,  we 
find  the  same  emblem  occurring  on  money  of  a 
date  prior  to  A.D.  1,  either  in  a  circle  or  by  itself, 
and  undoubtedly  used  as  a  sacred  symbol.  The 
0  of  your  correspondent's  Query,  is  most  probably 
one  of  these  emblems.  It  is  easy  to  account  for 
the  "  dot  in  a  circle,"  "  the  sacred  centre  of  all 
things "  type ;  and  when  the  same  idea  is  shown 
by  a  wheel  and  horse,  it  is  but  the  representative 
of  the  sun,  symbolising  the  centre  of  the  universe. 

CHESSBOROUGH. 

THE  EARL  OF  SEFTON  (3rd  S.  iv.  148.)— May  I 
ask  your  correspondent  MR.  REDMOND  for  his  au- 
thority for  stating,  as  he  has  done,  that  "  the  Earl 
of  Sefton  was,  about  eighty  or  ninety  years  ago, 
a  Roman  Catholic  priest"?  He  labours,  I  think, 
under  a  mistake,  if  the  Peerage  which  I  have  con- 
sulted is  correct.  ABHBA. 

WHITEHALL  PLACE,  ETC.  (3rd  S.  iv.  29,  94.)— 
The  engraving  referred  to  is  to  be  found  in 
Stukeley's  Itin.  Curiosum ;  wherein  it  is  placed 
incidentally,  with  the  note  that  the  walls  were 
pulled  down  within  a  week  afterwards.  If  the  coat 
of  arms  belongs  to  Wolsey,  the  engraving  re- 
presents the  arms  badly.  W.  P. 

THE  AMERICAN  PARTRIDGE  (3rd  S.  ii.  65.)  — 
MR.  MEWBURN  must  have  misquoted  Cobbett. 
The  birds  in  question  were  not  introduced  into 
Wiltshire,  but  were  brought  from  America  by 
Streeter  Gill,  Esq.,  and  liberated  in  the  grounds 
of  the  late  John  Leech,  Esq.,  Member  of  Parlia- 
ment for  West  Surrey,  at  Lea,  about  four  miles 
from  Godalming,  in  Surrey. 

The  birds  thrived  well,  and,  unlike  the  English 
partridge,  were  of  a  migratory  disposition ;  and 
had  also  this  peculiarity,  that,  when  roused  by  the 
dog,  they  would  alight  on  the  hedgerows, — much 
to  the  mortification  of  the  sportsman. 

Their  rarity,  and  the  beauty  of  their  plumage, 
caused  them,  however,  to  be  much  sought  after ; 
so  that  they  gradually  disappeared  from  the  scene 
of  their  introduction  ;  the  last  seen  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood having  been  shot  about  twenty  years 


ago.  Two  specimens  were  also  shot  at  Brighton 
about  the  same  time. 

I  owe  the  above  information  to  Mr.  William 
Stafford  of  Godalming,  an  ardent  naturalist ;  well 
known  to  ornithologists  who  have  laboured  in 
their  vocation  in  this  part  of  the  county  of 
Surrey.  D-  M.  STEVENS. 

Guildford. 

THOMAS,  EARL  OF  NORFOLK  :  HIS  WIVES  (3rd 
S.  iv.  70,  134,  157.)— 

"  Thomas  desponsavit  quandam  Aliciam,  de  qua  pro- 
creavit  duas  filias  et  heredes  Margaretam  et  Aliciam." — 
Esc.,  36  Edw.  III.  Pt.  2,  No.  9. 

Vincent  (against  Brooke,  344,)  quotes  this 
escheat,  and  then  says  :  — 

"  Lastly,  he  hath  omitted  his  second  wife  Mary,  who 
died  anno  36  Edw.  III.,  being  daughter  of  William 
Lord  Roos/' 

That  she  was  the  daughter  of  a  Lord  de  Ros  is 
doubtful ;  that  she  was  not  the  wife  of  William 
de  Braose,  Lord  of  Brembre,  is  clear;  but  she 
may  have  been  the  second  wife  (a  Ravent  was 
the  first)  of  William,  the  son  of  Braose  by  his 
third  wife  Maria,  who  died  in  19  Edw.  II.  (Esc. 
No.  90).  Thomas  Brotherton,  Earl  of  Norfolk, 
died  in  12  Edw.  III. ;  his  widow,  the  Countess 
Marshal,  in  36  Edw.  III.  The  escheat  of  that 
year  (Pt.  n.  1st  Nos.  9,)  says  she  had  no  issue  by 
the  Earl  ("  Inquisition  for  Gloucester")  ;  that 
John  de  Cobham  was  her  son  and  heir  ("  Inquisi- 
tion for  Norfolk ");  that  she  had  the  manor  of 
Erdyngton  of  the  inheritance  of  her  son  John, 
then  living,  and  of  Ralph  Cobham  her  first  hus- 
band ("Inquisition  for  Berks").  Ralph  died  in 
19  Edw.  II. ;  his  son  and  heir,  John,  being  a  year 
old.  (Esc.,  No.  93.)  B. 

BEN  JONSON  AND  MRS.  BULSTRODE  (3rd  S.  iv. 
150.) — An  epitaph  on  the  "Court  Pucelle"  will 
be  found  in  Chetham  MS.,  8012,  p.  162  (Chetbam 
Library,  Manchester),  which  I  venture  to  tran- 
scribe from  a  copy  I  made  some  years  ago.  I 
adhere,  verbatim  et  literatim  to  the  MS. ;  which 
is  simply  headed  — 

"  EPITAPH. 
"  Stay !  view  this  stone,  and  if  thou  beest  not  such, 

Reade  here  a  little  y*  thou  maicst  know  much. 

It  covers  first  a  virgin,  and  then  one 

Who  durst  be  so  in  Court.    A  vertue  alone 

To  fill  an  Epitaph  e.    But  she  had  more, 

She  might  have  claim'd  to  have  ye  graces  foure. 

Taught  Pallas  language,  Cinthya  modesty ; 

As  fitt  to  have  increas'd  the  harmony 

Of  Spheares  as  light  of  Starres.    She  was  earth's  eye, 

The  sole  religious  house  and  votary  — 

Not  bounde  by  rytes,  but  conscience,  would'st  thou  all  ? 

She  was  Sill  Boulstred.    In  wch  name  I  call 

Up  so  much  Truth,  as  could  I  here  pursue, 

Might  make  vc  fable  of  good  women  true. 

«  B.  J." 


3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  5,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


199 


These  initials  apparently  indicate  the  writer  to 
have  been  Jonson  himself,  although  much  reliance 
cannot  be  placed  upon  the  signatures  in  this  MS. 
volume.  (See  Hannah's  Poems  by  Wotton,  Raleigh, 
and  others,  pp.  96,  97,  &c.) 

Perhaps  I  may  be  permitted  to  append  another 
poem  from  the  same  collection  (p.  75),  which  I 
do  not  remember  to  have  met  with  in  print 
before  ?  — 

"  ON  A  PAINTED   LADY. 

"  Is't  for  a  grace,  or  is't  for  some  dislike, 
Where  others  give  yc  lippe,  you  give  the  cheeke ; 
Some  houlde  it  for  a  pride  of  your  behaviour, 
But  I  do  rather  count  it  as  a  favour. 
Wherefore  to  shew  my  kindnesse  and  my  love, 
I  leave  both  lipps  and  cheekes,  and  kisse  your  glove. 
Xow  what's  the  cause  ?    To  make  you  full  acquainted, 
Your  glove's  perfum'd,  your  lippes  and  cheekes  be 
painted." — (ANON.) 

Who  is  the  author  ? 

The  MS.  referred  to  contains  many  poems 
by  Donne,  Raleigh,  Hoskins,  Francis  Davison, 
Brooke,  Sidney,  and  others ;  some  of  which  un- 
doubtedly exist  only  in  MS. 

JOHN  A.  HARPER. 

Hulme. 

HEROD  THE  GREAT  (3rd  S.  iv.  87.)  —  I  am  not 
aware  of  the  existence  of  any  contemporary  coins 
which  bear  the  likeness  of  Herod  the  Great ;  the 
types  of  his  money,  or  of  that  attributed  to  him, 
usually  show  the  manna-pot  and  lily,  while  the 
coins  of  Herod  Agrippa  bear  the  sacred  "  um- 
brella" and  wheat-ears.  About  which  of  the 
Cleopatras  does  MR.  SIMPSON  inquire  ?  If  he  de- 
sires to  see  a  good  likeness  of  Cleopatra,  the  friend 
of  Marc  Antony,  he  will  find  it  in  Mr.  Hum- 
phrey's Coin- Collectors'  Manual,  pi.  7,  p.  136, 
vol.  i.  Her  portrait  usually  appears  on  one  side 
of  the  coin,  and  that  of  Antony  on  the  other  :  in 
silver  and  brass  they  are  not  very  rare. 

CHESSBOROUGH. 

P.S.  Why  not  try  the  British  Museum  ? 

If  a  complete  tyro  in  numismatics  may  be  al- 
lowed to  speak  when  authorities  "  make  no  sign," 
it  may  possibly  be  of  some  use  to  MR.  SIMPSON 
to  know  that  he  will  find  a  coin  of  Herod 
the  Great,  and  another  of  Herod  Archelaus,  en- 
graved at  p.  14  of  Akerman's  Introduction  to  the 
Study  of  Ancient  and  Modern  Coins,  but  not  pre- 
senting any  portrait.  Mr.  Akerman  remarks  that 
the  coins  of  Herod  the  Great  "  are  very  scarce, 
and  are  seldom  well  preserved."  A  coin  of  Cleo- 
patra is  engraved  in  Whelan's  Numismatic  Atlas  of 
the  Roman  Empire.  Would  not  coins  of  both  be 
found  in  the  British  Museum  ?  I  possess  myself 
a  small  silver  medal,  which  I  suspect  to  be  a 
medal  of  Cleopatra,  and  I  should  be  greatly  obliged 
to  any  one  who  could  satisfy  me  on  the  subject. 


The  Editor  has  goodnaturedly  permitted  a  query 
to  pass  appended  to  a  reply  in  more  instances 
than  one :  may  I  therefore  add  a  description  of 
my  medal  here,  in  hope  of  elucidation  ?  —  Silver, 
rudely  and  deeply  notched  round  the  edge ;  about 
the  size  of  a  farthing  (the  real  original  copper 
farthing,  I  mean,  not  the  new  bronze  inconve- 
niences) ;  obverse,  a  head,  with  diadem,  necklace, 
and  ear-rings ;  hair  falling  in  one  long  curl  down 
back ;  terminated  at  the  base  of  throat,  without 
drapery  ;  no  legend,  except  the  letters  "  S.  C."  at 
back  of  head.  Reverse,  figure  of  Victory,  in 
chariot,  drawn  by  three  horses,  gifted  with  ten  le°-s 
only  among  them ;  legend,  over  the  horses  "  xvn." 
under  their  feet,  "  e  .  GKJE  .  BAS."  The  features 
of  the  face  are  decidedly  Egyptian,  and  do  not  in 
the  least  resemble  the  engraved  coins  of  the 
Empress  Cornelia  Gnsea,  to  whom  I  at  first  sup- 
posed the  medal  to  belong.  HERMENTRUDE. 

WALDO  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  iii.  191,  397;  iv.  136.) 
Since  my  first  query  I  have  obtained  much  in- 
formation respecting  this  family,  of  which  in  the 
time  of  Charles  II.  Sir  Edward  Waldo  was  the  head. 
The  family  sprung  originally,  it  is  said,  from  Peter 
Waldo  of  Lyons  (see  Hasted's  History  of  Kent, 
vol.  i.  p.  397  n.).  One  of  his  descendants  came  to 
England,  temp.  Elizabeth,  from  the  Netherlands, 
to  avoid  the  persecution  of  the  Duke  d'Alva,  and 
married  twice,  and  had  by  his  first  wife  two  sons, 
Laurence  and  Robert.  The  eldest,  Laurence,  had 
fifteen  children ;  Laurence's  fifth  son,  Daniel,  had 
a  numerous  family.  His  first  son  was  Daniel, 
father  of  Rev.  Dr.  Waldo,  rector  of  Aston  Clinton. 
His  second  son  was  Sir  Edward  Waldo,  Knight. 
His  third  son  was  Timothy  Waldo,  who  was 
grandfather  of  Sir  Timothy  Waldo,  Knight ;  and 
bis  fourth  son,  Samuel  Waldo,  was  the  ancestor  of 
the  Waldo- Sibthorpe  family.  I  am  not  able  to 
state  whether  the  American  branch  of  the  Waldo 
family  is  connected  with  the  above  family.  It  is 
possible  that  branch  may  have  sprung  from  the 
original  family  of  Waldo,  and  emigrated  direct 
from  the  Netherlands  to  America.  Nevertheless 
I  incline  to  the  opinion  that  it  derived  from  the 
English  family.  I  will  forward  direct  to  MR. 
WHJTMORE  such  information  as  I  possess  respect- 
ing the  latter  family.  Was  Cornelius  of  Ipswich, 
Mass.  1654,  the  grandfather  of  Brig.-Gen.  Samuel 
Waldo  ?  What  is  the  date  of  the  Waldo  patent, 
and  what  did  it  comprise  ? 

There  is  an  English  family  of  the  name  of 
Waldo,  who  derive  from  Joseph  Waldo  of  Boston, 
merchant,  who  came  to  Bristol  in  1783,  which 
Joseph  Waldo  was,  I  believe,  a  grandson  of  Cor- 
nelius Waldo,  a  brother  of  Brig.-Gen.  Waldo ; 
but  I  presume  MR.  WHITMOHE'S  question  rather 
applies  to  the  connection  of  the  first  of  the  name 
who  settled  in  America  with  some  English  family. 

M.  C.  I. 


200 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[>d  S.  IV.  SEPT.  5,  '63. 


SlNAVEE    OR    SlNAVET    (3rd    S.    IV.    111.)  — "A 

copious  spring  near  the  old  Kirk  of  Mains,  For- 
farshire,  bears  this  name."  This  is  undoubtedly 
the  Norse  Saint  "  Sunniva,"  whose  church  and 
shrine  at  Bergen  were  very  famous.  She  was  of 
Irish  origin,  according  to  the  legend,  and  left  her 
native  country  on  account  of  its  being  so  harassed 
by  the  Northern  pirates.  Sailing  round  by  the 
north  of  Scotland,  she  landed  on  Selja  isle,  near 
Stadtland,  in  Norway.  Here  her  relics  were 
found  in  the  time  of  King  Olaf  Tryggvason,  and 
were  afterwards  solemnly  translated  to  Bergen. 
The  history  of  St.  Sunniva  is  given  at  full  length 
by  Munch  in  his  admirable  History  of  Norway, 
vol.  ii.  p.  296-297,  8,  and  the  legend  may  be  read 
in  Langebek,  Script.  Rerum  Danic.  vol.  iv.  p.  14- 
21.  EDWARD  CHARLTON,  M.D. 

7,  Eldon  Square,  Newcastle. 

CRUSH  A  CUP  (3rd  S.  iii.  493.)  — There  is  a 
passage  in  Pliny  (Nat.  Hist.,  xxxvii.  2)  which  sug- 
gests the  idea  that  freaks  of  this  sort  may  be 
justified  by  classical  precedent.  I  quote  from  Hol- 
land's translation,  which  is  a  rather  free  expansion 
of  the  original :  — 

"  There  are  not  many  yeares  past,  since  that  a  noble 
man  who  had  been  consul  of  Rome,  used  to  drinke  out  of 
this  cup ;  and  notwithstanding  that  in  pledging  upon  a 
time,  a  lady  whom  he  fancied,  lie  bit  a  piece  out  of  the  brim 
thereof  (tohich  her  sweet  lips  touched) ;  yet  this  injurie  done 
to  it  rather  made  it  more  esteemed  and  valued  at  a  higher 
price ;  neither  is  there  at  this  day  a  cup  of  Cassidoine  more 
pretious  or  dearer  than  the  same." 

JOHN  EIJOT  HODGKIN. 

VENUS  CHASTISING  CUPID  (2nd  S.  i.  355.)  — 
There  is  an  engraving  published  by  Bowles  and 
Carver,  from  a  painting  by  Nattier,  representing 
Venus  whipping  Cupid  with  a  bunch  of  roses,  and 
under  it  the  following  inscription :  — 

"  Oft  on  the  god  who  wings  the  amorous  dart 
His  Cyprian  parent  will  inflict  a  smart. 
Such  is  the  painter's  hint,  that  men  may  know 
Their  fondest  joys  are  intermixed  with  woe." 

The  moralising  poet  signs  himself  L.  This  is 
rather  a  note  for  T.  W.'s  information  than  an 
answer  to  his  inquiry  for  the  classical  authority 
for  this  eccentric  subject,  frequently  met  with  in 
mediaeval  art.  V.  C. 

BUSH  HOUSES  (3rd  S.  iv.  141.)  —  Bush  houses 
in  England  are  not  confined  to  one  locality.  The 
custom  of  hanging  out  a  bush  at  fair  time,  and 
selling  liquor  without  a  licence,  has  been  practised 
from  time  immemorial  at  Bridgwater,  in  Somer- 
setshire ;  and  at  Church-Staunton,  and  Newton- 
Poppleford,  near  Sidmouth,  in  Devonshire.  Any 
traveller  in  Normandy  may  to  this  day  see  the 
common  public  houses  distinguished  by  having 
a  bush  hung  out  over  or  near  the  door.  This  fact 
may  suggest  as  to  where  the  custom  came  from. 

P.  HUTCHINSON. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

Shakespeare-  Characters ;  chiefly  those  subordinate.  By  C. 
Cowden  Clarke.  (Smith, 'Elder  &  Co.) 

Those  who  remember  the  delight  with  which  the  Lec- 
tures on  the  Clowns  and  other  Minor  Characters  in  Shake- 
speare's Plays,  which  Mr.  Cowden  Clarke  was  in  the  habit 
of  delivering  some  few  years  ago,  were  listened  to  by 
crowded  and  admiring  audiences,  will  think  he  has  done 
wisely  in  revising  and  remodelling  those  Lectures  for  the 
purpose  of  presenting  them  to  the  reading  public.  Nor 
will  those  who  know  how  heartily  and  how  thoroughly 
Mr.  Clarke  appreciated  the  depth  and  variety  of  Shake- 
speare's genius,  regret  that  he  has  endeavoured  to  give 
completeness  and  interest  to  the  present  publication  by 
including  in  it  an  explanation  of  the  more  prominent 
characters  in  each  drama.  Our  author  pronounces  the 
genius  of  Shakespeare  "  the  greatest  and  most  lovable 
that  was  ever  vouchsafed  to  humanity,"  and  that  opinion 
gives  the  keynote  to  these  pleasant  lectures,  in  which 
love  and  reverence  for  the  subject  of  them  seem  ever 
striving  for  the  mastery. 

The  Young  Man's  Meditation  ;  or,  Some  few  Sacred  Poems 
upon  Select  Subjects  and  Scriptures.  By  Samuel  Cross- 
man,  B.D.  (Sedgwick.) 

A.  Comprehensive  Index  of  Names  of  Original  Authors  of 
Hymns,  Versifiers  of  Psalms,  Sfc.     Second  Edition,  en- 
larged.   By  Daniel  'Sedgwick.    (Sedgwick.) 
The  first  of  these  publications —  a  reprint  of  the  edition 
of  Grossman's  Religious  Poems  published  in  1664  —  is  a 
new  Part  of  Mr.  Sedgwick's  curious  Library  of  Spiritual 
Songs.     The  second  is   an  enlarged  edition  of  his  very 
useful  Index  of  English  Hymn  and  Psalm  Writers. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

LATIN  SERMON,  by  Dr.  Russell,  published  about  1830. 

LATIN  SERMON,  by  Rev.  Hugh  James  Hose,  published  about  1830. 

***  Letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriage  free,  to  be 
Bent  to  MESSRS.  BILL  &  DAXOT,  Publishers  of  ".NOTES  AND 
QUERIES,"  18«  Fleet  Street,  B.C. 


tn 


NICOLAS  DB  NICOLK.  Brunei  .does  not  mention  the  value  of  the  Ger- 
man translation  of  this  work.  There  is  a  copy  of  it  in  the  British 
Museum. 

R.  INOLIS.  The  title-page  o/Paradise  Lost,  an  Oratorio,  merely  states 
that  the  words  are  selected  from  the,  marks  nf  Milton,  and  the  music  com- 
posed bi/  J.  L.  Ellerton Mr.  CoMmi  speak*  of  three  editions  of  Oaye's 

English  translation  of  John  Fox's  Christus  Triumphans,  1579,  1607.  and 
1672;  but  we  suspect  the  last  is  a  Latin  edition,  edited  by  T.  C.  a  clergy- 
man of  Cambridge.  Mr.  Cobbin  has  not  quoted  this  work  in  his  Life  of 
t'ox. 


SUBS 
p.  48. 


R.    Janet  Taylor  was  inquired  ctfter  in  our  last  volume. 


Q.  Seven  articles  on  the  saying  "  Mind  your  P'l  and  Q's  "  appeared 
in  our  1st  S.  vola.  iii.  iv.  vi. 

n.  "  Aut  Caesar  out  nuUus,"  is  naidto  have  been  a  saying  of  Julius 
Ctesar. 

ERRATUM — 3rd  S.  iv.  p.  180,  col.  ii.  line  1 4  from bottom,/or  "  v."  read 
**  vi.'* 

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3"*  S.  IV.  SEPT.  5,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


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TTTESTERN,    MANCHESTER     AND  LONDON, 

ft      AND  METROPOLITAN    COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
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Directors. 

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James  Hunt,  Esq. 

John  Leigh.  Esq. 

tdm.  l>ucas,  Esq. 

F.  B.  Marson.  Esq. 

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John  Fisher,  Esq. 

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Actuary — Arthur  Scratchley.  M.A. 

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throuirh  the  temporarj  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
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terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society  s  Prospectus. 

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Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  l'n»pectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  hates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MKDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated, in  all  cases,  tor  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHABOE  MADE  FUH  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  Us. 

MR.  SCRATCH  LEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

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much  Legal,  Statistical,  und  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAJS1.  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


O  S  T  E   O       E  I   D   O   3XT. 

Patent, March  1, 186;!,  No.  560. 

/GABRIEL'S     SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  sprint's  or  pal  ,tes,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-landed  inventioi  s  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSES.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD    ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 

27,  Harley  Street. Cavendish  Square,  and  34,Ludgate  Hill,  London; 
134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street.  Birmingham. 

Consultations  gratis.  For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinion.- of  the  press,  testimonials,  etc.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  forth.  '  Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  be.t  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

JC.  and  J.  FIELD,  Original  Manufacturers  (in 
.  England)  of  PAKAFFINE  CANDLES,  to  whom  the  prize 
medal  (1862)  has  been  awarded,  and  their  Candles  adopted  by  her 
Majesty's  Government  f.jr  use  at  the  Military  Stations  abr.ad.  These 
Candles  can  be  obtained  of  all  Chandlers  and  Grocers  in  the  United 
Kingdom.  Price  Is.  »./.  per  Ib.  Also  Field's  celebrated  United  Service 
Soap  Tablets,  6d.  and  td.  each.  The  Public  are  cautioned  to  see  that 
Field's  label  is  on  the  packets  or  boxes.  Wholesale  only,  and  for 
Exportation,  Upper  Marsh.  Lambeth,  London,  8. 

PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

MAGNOLIA.  WHITE  ROSE,  FBANGIPANNI.  GERA- 
NIUM, PA1CHOULY.  EVKR-SWEET,  f^EW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1 ,000  others.  2s.  6d.  each.— '2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 

HOLLOW  AY'S    PILLS.  —  NOTHING    BETTER.— 
These  invaluable  Pills  exert  greater  und  more  beneficial  in- 
fluence over  nervous  disorders  lhan  any  other  medicine.     Their  mode 
of  action  is  thoroughly  consonant  with  reasjn—they  completely  purify 

toe  blood,  relieve   holll    henrl    mill   st.imnnh   nf  nil  fnii:tv  fnr»ct;«T-. a    orwl 


KUIJ  consonant  wua  reas;n — tney  completely  purity 
both  head  and  stomach  of  ail  fauity  functiors,  and 


HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 

per  dozen. 
White  Bordeaux  ..........................  24s.  and  30s.  per  doz. 

Good  Hock  .................  :  ..............  30s.    „     36s.       „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne  ......  36s.,  42s.    „     48s. 

Good  Dinner  Sherry  ........................  24s.    „     Ms. 

Port  ..................................  24».,30s.    „     36s.       „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120*.  per  doz. 

Vintage  1834  ............    „   108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840  .............  ,     84s. 

Vintage  1847  ............    „     72s. 

all  of  Sandemau's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry,  36s.,  42s., 
4Ss.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36».,  42s.,  48s.  ,60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mcr,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumileh,  60s.t 
JohannesbergerandSteinberger,72s.,8(s.,  to  120.-.;  Braunbergcr,  Grun- 


.  ,       .  .  .; 

very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueun 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :   155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 
Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 

(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


(THE    NATURAL    WINES    of   FRANCE. —  J. 

L  CAMPBELL,  Wine  Merchant.  158,  Regent  Street,  recommends 
attention  to  the  following  CLARETS,  selected  by  himself  on  the 
Garonne:  —  Vin  de  Bordeaux  (which  greatly  improves  by  keeping  in 
bottle  two  or  three  years),  20s.;  St.  Julien,  22s.;  La  Rose,  26s.;  St. 
Estephe,  36s.;  St.  Emilion,  42s.;  Haut  Brion,  48«.;  Lafitte.  Latour, 
and  Chateau  Margaux,  60s.  to  84s.  per  dozen.  J.  C.'s  experience  and 
known  reputation  for  French  wines  will  be  some  guarantee  for  the 
soundness  of  the  wine  quoted  at  20s.  per  dozen. — Note.  Burgundies  from 
36s.  to  54s. ;  Chablis,  26s.  and  30s.  per  dozen.  E.  Clicquot's  finest  Cham- 
pagne, 66s.  per  dozen.  Remittances  or  town  references  should  be  ad- 
dressed JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 


PARTRIDGE     6,    COZENS 
Is    the    CHEAPEST    HOUSE  in   the    Trade   for 

PAPER  and  ENVELOPES,  &c.  Useful  Cream-laid  Note,  2».  3d.  per 
ream.  Superfine  ditto.  3s.  3d.  Sermon  Paper,  3s.  6d.  Straw  Paper,  a. 
Foolscap,  6s.  6d.  per  Ream.  Black  bordered  Note,  5  Quires  for  Is. 
Super  Cream  Envelopes,  6d.  per  100.  Black  Bordered  ditto,  Is.  per 
100.  Tinted  lined  India  Note  (5  Colours),  5  Quires  for  Is.  6d.  Copy 
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as  the  Quill),  2s.  per  gross.  Name  plate  engraved,  and  100  best  Cards 
printed  for  3s.  6d. 

No  Charge  for  Stamping  Arms,  Crests,  $c.from  own  Dies. 

Catalogues  Fast  Free;  Orders  over  20».  Carriage  paid. 

Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS, 
Manufacturing  Stationers,  1,  Chancery  Lane,  and  192,  Fleet  St.  B.C. 


PRIZE  MEDAL  AWARDED. 
TOUL1VIIN    AND     GALE, 

DESPATCH  BOX,  DRESSING  CASE,  AND  TRAVELLING 
BAG  MAKERS, 

7,  NEW  BOND  STBKBT,  W., 
AND  SISE  LAME,  CITY  (NEAR  MA.VSIOK  HOUSE). 

(Established  1735.) 


SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 
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The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
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NOTES  AND  QUEBIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  5,  '63. 


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BRITISH  SEAWEEDS.    Drawn  from  Pro- 

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out  Seaweeds,  and  the  Order  of  their  Arrangement  in  the  Herbarium. 

A  TABLE  FOR  CORRECTION  OF  LONGI- 

TUDE  where  ERROR  arises  from  INCORRECT  LATITUDE. 
Useful  to  all  Navigators.  By  GILBERT  T.  KEY,  R.N.  Svo. 
2i.  [Beady. 

m. 
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XXI 

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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


201 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  12,  1863. 


CONTENTS.— NO.  89. 
NOTES:  —  Shakspeariana":  Shakespeare  Genealogy — "The 
Merchant  of  Venice  "  —  Backare— "  All's  Well  that  Ends 
Well "  —  "  Et  tu,  Brute ! " :  Caesar's  Deafness  —  Letters  of 
Shakspeare  and  Nell  Gwynne,  201  —  North  Aston,  Oxford- 
shire, 204  —  Knitting  Song,  205  — The  Cobra  and  the  Mon- 
goose, Ib. 

MINOB  'NOTES: — The  Irish  Queen  Victoria — Register  of 
Lord  Clyde's  Birth  —  Rhymes  to  Dickens  and  Thackeray 
—  Simon  Wadloe :  John  Wadloe  —  Nicholas  Milliard  — 
Epitaph,  curious,  to  Joseph  Taylor,  1732  —  The  Druids  — 
The  Term  Gun— Mize  or  Mise,  206. 

QUERIES :  — Ancestry  and  Arms  wanted — Anonymous  — 
"  Les  Anglais  s'amusent  tristement "  —  Ballsbridge,  near 
Dublin  —  Ballad  —  Bell  Inscription  at  New  Romney,  Kent 
• — Bis-sextile  Year  —  Brodie  of  Lethen  —  Crest  of  Prince 
of  Wales  —  Parody  on  Campbell's  "  Hoheulinden  "  —  Dag- 
nia  Family  —  French  Wines  in  1749— Portraits  of  John- 
son—  Lewes  and  its  Annual  Commemoration — Arms  of 
Milan  —  Battle  of  Naseby  —  Orbis  Centrum  —  Paper  mak- 
ing in  Ireland— Public  Servants,  &c.,  208. 

QUEBIES  WITH  ANSWERS:  —  Gloucestershire  Songs — Au- 
thor Wanted  —  Clerken well—  Quotation  Wanted  —  Grand 
Jury—  Mikotzi  — The  Prayer  for  the  High  Court  of  Par- 
liament —  To  "  buzz  "  the  Bottle  —  Gibbon,  210. 

REPLIES :—  The  Knights  Hospitallers  of  St.  John  of  Jeru- 
salcm,  212  — Laws  of  Lauriston,  214— Fast,  215  —  Greek 
Pronunciation — Lord  High  Treasurer  of  England— Scott's 
"  Lay  of  the  Last  Minstrel "  — The  Balmoral  "  Memorial 
Cairn"— I  know  no  more  than  the  Pope  —  Theodolite — 
Bockart,  or  Boshart  —  Coatbridge:  Strange  Production 
from  a  Blast  Furnace  —  Epigrams — John  Locke,  the  Phi- 
losopher— Potwalloping  Franchise  —  Peter  Paul  Rubens 
—  "The  Intrepid  Magazine,"  &c., 216. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


Rotes'. 

SHAKSPEARIAXA. 

SHAKESPEARE  GENEALOGY.  —  In  the  new  No. 
(the  6th)  of  The  Herald  and  Genealogist,  is  an 
article  entitled  "  Shakespere's  Home"  (being  a 
review  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Bellew's  volume  so  called), 
which  contains  a  remarkable  correction  of  an 
ancient  error  with  regard  to  the  ancestry  of  the 
great  poet.  It  will  be  remembered  that,  in  the 
grants  of  arms  made  to  his  father,  John  Shake- 
speare, it  was  asserted  that  his  — 

"  Parentes  and  late  antecessors  were  for  theire  valeant 
and  faithfull  service  advanced  and  rewarded  by  the  most 
prudent  prince  King  Henry  the  Seventh  of  famous  me- 
morie,  sythence  whiche  tyme  they  have  continewed  at 
those  partes  in  good  reputacion  and  credit." 

This  assertion  the  biographers  have  usually 
attributed  to  the  Ardens,  the  ancestors  of  John 
Shakespeare's  wife,  and  not  to  his  own  ;  and  such, 
notwithstanding  the  earnest  remonstrances  of  Mr. 
Bellew,  is  clearly  .shown  to  be  the  right  view  by 
the  critic  before  us.  But  the  criticism  proceeds 
further,  and  shows  that  Mr.  Hunter,  in  his  New 
Illustrations  of  Shakespeare,  whilst  he  gently  ex- 
pressed a  doubt  (i.  37)  whether  those  grants  to 
Arden,  which  Mr.  Malone  published,  actually 
belonged  to  Arden  of  Wilmcote  (a  doubt  now 
confirmed  by  their  being  proved  to  have  belonged 
to  Arden  of  Yoxall,  in  Staffordshire),  was  still 


very  materially  deceived  by  Malone  having,  upon 
mere  conjecture,  attached  the  Ardens  of  Wilm- 
cote (Shakespeare's  maternal  ancestors)  to  the 
Visitation  family  of  Arden  of  Parkhall,  in  War- 
wickshire. Mr.  Hunter  requests  his  readers  to 
"  bear  in  mind  that  Robert  Arden,  of  Wilmecote, 
was  a  gentleman,  and  entitled  to  the  same  coat-armour 
which  this  testator  used  (John  Arden,  esquire  for 
the  body  to  Henry  the  Seventh),"  (p.  34),  and 
again,  "  though  we  owe  nothing  to  the  heralds 
for  the  line  of  Arden  of  Wilmecote  beyond  the 
assertion  that  they  were  gentlemen  of  worship,  and 
entitled  to  the  ancient  arms  of  Arden,"  &c.  (p.  35). 
But,  in  making  these  admissions,  Mr.  Hunter  now 
appears  to  have  been  entirely  misled  by  Malone. 
The  heralds  did  not  allow  to  Shakespeare's  mother 
the  arms  of  the  Warwickshire  family  of  Arden : 
which  were  those  used  by  the  said  John  Arden ; 
but  they  assigned  to  her  (with  a  martlet  for  dif- 
ference) the  wholly  distinct  coat  of  Arden  of 
Cheshire :  whilst  other  documents  (which  have 
been  published  by  Mr.  Collier)  show  that  Robert 
Arden  of  Wilmcote  was  not  a  gentleman,  but  a 
"  husbandman "  only,  in  the  year  1550.  The 
poet's  pretensions  to  gentle  descent  are  thus  re- 
moved on  the  mother's  side  as  well  as  the  father's. 
This  discovery  reads  two  important  lessons; 
one,  that  an  error,  once  committed  by  an  author 
of  estimation,  may  be  repeated  by  a  long  train  of 
followers,  and  even  critical  and  controversial  fol- 
lowers, without  question  or  suspicion  ;  the  other, 
that  the  devices  of  heraldry  are  really  able  to  lend 
substantial  aid  in  the  prosecution  of  biographical 
and  historical  investigations.  M.  N.  S. 


"THE  MERCHANT  OF  VENICE"  (3rd  S.  iv.  122.) 
1.  Portia,  Act  II.  Sc.  1.  In  suggesting  the 
change  from  temple  to  table,  MB.  KEIGHTLEY  has 
not,  I  think,  sufficiently  considered  the  time  and 
scope  of  the  action.  All  oaths  of  chivalry,  and, 
indeed,  all  solemn  oaths  of  that  period,  were,  as  a 
rule,  taken  in  churches.  That  this  is  distinctly 
mentioned  only  in  the  case  of  the  Prince  of  Mo- 
rocco, and  that  in 

"  The  Prince  of  Arragon  hath  ta'en  his  oath, 
And  comes  to  the  election  presently," 

it  is  only  shown  that  the  oath  was  taken  elsewhere 
than  in  the  casket-room ;  and  that  in  the  scene 
where  Bassanio  chooses  there  is  no  mention  even 
of  the  oath,  is  merely  due  to  this, — that  Shake- 
speare, having  sufficiently  noted  the  course  of 
action  in  the  minor  and  unrepresented  portion  of 
the  plot,  did  not  unnecessarily  repeat  himself  in 
what  he  held  to  be  a  scenic  "  Abridgement "  of  a 
true  history.  Possibly  the  more  vague  word 
"  temple  "  may  have  been  chosen  of  purpose.  But 
I  take  it  (and  this  is  my  chief  reason  for  writing  this 
note)  that  this  Prince  of  Morocco,  as  well  as  some 
other  romance  Moors,  was  not  a  Mussulman  at 


202 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"»  S.  IV.  SEPT.  12,  '63. 


all,  but  that  the  existence  of  the  great  Christian 
churches  of  Northern  Africa  was  considered  suf- 
ficient ground  for  making  a  Moor  either  a  Chris- 
tian or  Moslem  at  any  indefinite  period  of  his- 
tory, and  as  the  exigencies  of  the  story  might 
require.  Had  this  Morocco  potentate  been  a 
Moslem,  his  religion  and  polygamic  power  would 
surely  have  been  brought  up  against  him  by  the 
misliking  Portia.  In  like  manner,  and  for  the 
like  reasons,  Othello  was  a  Christian ;  and  had  he 
been  a  convertite  or  renegade,  lago,  if  none  other, 
would  have  made  this,  or  his  infidel  birth,  a  cause 
of  reproach.  So  too,  Mulinassar,  in  Webster's 
Vittora  Corombona,  is  associated  with  Knights  of 
Malta ;  and  the  bare  statement  that  he  is  a  Chris- 
tian is  accepted  without  remark,  and  as  requiring 
no  explanation.  Lastly,  the  most  Christian  king 
of  Naples  is  represented  as  marrying  his  daughter 
Claribel,  without  a  scruple,  and  without  even 
causing  a  reflection  on  his  own  character,  to  the 
king  of  Tunis ;  yet,  if  the  latter  had  been  a 
Moslem,  this  (like  Othello's  marriage)  would  have 
been  an  act  so  contrary  to  the  laws  of  the  church, 
and  to  the  most  cherished  opinions  of  the  age, 
that  neither  Shakespeare  nor  his  contemporaries, 
nor  those  whom  he  followed,  would  have  ventured 
on  introducing  it,  except  to  increase  our  detesta- 
tion of  some  impious  despot  or  villain. 

2.  "  Of  such  misery  doth  she  cut  me  off." 

Merchant  of  Venice,  Act  IV.  Sc.  1. 

In  eking  out  this  line  by  the  addition  of 
"  deep,"  MR.  KEIGHTXEY  has  followed  a  practice 
first  commenced  by  the  editors  of  the  second  folio, 
and  one  which  has  proved  a  snare  to  many  sub- 
sequent editors.  Before  we  alter  Shakespeare's 
verses,  we  ought  to  be  sure  that  we  know  the 
laws  of  versification  followed  by  Shakespeare.  I 
have  not  sufficiently  investigated  it,  but  I  would 
submit  the  following  as  worthy  of  examination. 
That  in  some  plays,  and  in  some  instances  where 
a  line  ends  with  a  redundant  syllable,  such  syl- 
lable, if  strong,  and  if  not  easily  joining  with, 
or  if  not  easily  absorbed  by  the  preceding  sylla- 
ble, or  if  joining  in  continuous  sense  and  rhythm 
with  the  succeeding  syllable,  is  to  be  considered 
as  completing  the  next  line,  so  that  the  redundant 
and  imperfect  lines  form  together  two  perfect  lines. 
As  examples,  I  would  adduce  the  following :  — 

"  Pros.  How  thou  |  earnest  here  |  thou  mayest  | 
Mir.  But  that  |  I  do  |  not. 

Pros.  Twelve  \  year  since,  |  Miran  |  da,  twelve  |  year 

since. — Tempest,  Act  I.  Sc.  2. 
Duke.  Your  safe  |  ty  man  |  ifest  |  ed. 
Prov.  I'm  |  your  free  |  depen  |  dant. 

Duke.    Quick,  J   despatch,  |    and  send   I  the  head  ]  to 

Ang'lo. — Measure  for  Measure,  Act  IV.  Sc.  3. 
"  Escal.  To  call 

from  him 


him  villain,  |  and  then  |  to  glance 
To  th'  Duke  |  himself  |  to  tax  |  him  with  |  injust  |  ice  ! 

Take    I    him    lienpA.    I    tn   th'    rnr>k    I     with    him  '  I      \W 


Take  I  him  hence,  |   to  th'  rack  |   with  him!  |    We'll 
touse  |  you 


Joint  |  by  joint  |  but  we  |  will  know  [  his  pur  |  pose. 
What,  |  unjust ! 
Duke.  Be  not  |  so  hot ;  |  the  Duke.  |  " 

Id.  Act  V.  Sc.  1. 
"  Shyl.  Of  u  |  sance  for  |  my  monies,  |  and  you'll  |  not 

hear  |  me. 

This  |  is  kind  |  I  of  |  fer. 
Ant.  This  |  were  kind  |  ness." 

Merch.  of  Venice,  Act  I.  Sc.  3. 
"  Ant.  To  view  |  with  hoi  |  low  eye  |  and  wrink  |  led 

brow  | 
An  age  |  of  pov'r  |  ty ;   from  |  which  ling  |  'ring  pen  J 

ance 
Of  I  such  mis'  I  ry  doth  |  she  cut  |  me  off." 

Id,  Act  IV.  Sc.  1. 

"Oliv.  Enough  |  is  shown;  |  acy  |  press  not  |  a  bo  |  som 
Hides  I  my  heart;  I  so  let  |  me  hear  I  you  speak." 

Twelfth  Night,  Act  HI.  Sc.  1. 

Will  ME.  KEIGHTLEY  allow  me  to  take  this 
opportunity  of  apologising  for  (inadvertently  for 
a  long  time)  omitting  to  answer  a  query  he  put 
to  me  regarding  "  gossamer  "  ?  If  I  can  find  some 
mislaid  memoranda,  I  will  put  them  in  brief 
before  him.  BEKJ.  EASY. 


Where  could  Portia's  suitors  —  men  of  as 
many  creeds  as  countries,  whom  "  the  four  winds 
blew  from  every  coast "  —  have  taken  their 
prescribed  oath  so  fitly  as  in  the  church  of  Bel- 
mont?  "Bring  me  unto  my  chance,"  cries  the 
impatient  Moor.  " First,  forward  to  the  temple" 
answers  the  punctilious  heiress,  who,  knowing 
the  religion  of  her  swarthy  wooer,  intends  the 
church  by  that  general  designation — "  after  dinner 
your  hazard  shall  be  made."  Independently  of 
this  pras-condition,  whereon  the  collateral  story 
of  our  drama  rests,  "  to  the  table"  is  a  phrase  more 
germane  to  the  hospitalities  of  a  farm-house  dame 
than  of  a  palatial  lady ;  ceufs  au  Christophe  Colomb 
were  not  likely  to  find  a  place  in  the  Belmont  menu. 

Carelessly  as  his  immediate  copyists  or  printers 
corrupted  Shakspeare's  text  — 

.    .    .    .  "  a  beauteous  scarf 
Veiling  an  Indian  beauty" 

MR.EJEiGHTuaY's/eafare  is  hardly  less  satisfactory 
than  Hanmer's  dowdy,  or  Walker's  gipsy :  Ben 
Jonsonian  it  certainly  is,  but  too  pedantic  for  our 
poet.  Let  me  attempt  to  restore  the  antithesis  of 
the  passage :  — 

"  Thus  ornaments  are  but  the  guiled  shore 

Of  a  most  dangerous  sea ;  the  beauteous  scarf 

Veiling  an  Indian  Deity." 

The  oriental  idols  being,  as  travellers  tell  us, 
gaudily  attired,  and  awfully  ugly. 

"  Gilded  timber  do  worms  enfold  "  has  neither 
rhythm  nor  syntax.  Rowe's  woods  claims  cousin- 
ship  with  timber ;  and  Johnson's  tombs  is  co-par- 
cener in  three  of  its  six  letters,  but  his  reading 
seems  more  apposite  to  the  scroll  of  "  carrion 
death." 

Antonio's  interruption  of  his  earnest  advocate — 
"  I  pray  you,  think  you  question  with  the  Jew," 


3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  12,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


203 


presents  nothing  to  be  added  or  explained.  It  is 
simply  this :  bethink  you  with  whom  you  are  argu- 
ing. It  is  not  a  term  of  supposition  or  of  opinion, 
not  as  lago  nor  as  Othello's  think  — 

"  I  did  not  think  he  had  been  acquainted  with  her." 

"What  dost  thou  think  f" 

"  My  Lord,  you  know  I  love  you.  — 
I  think  thou  dost ; " 

but  of  recollection :  — 

"  We  come  to  have  the  warrant. — 
Well  thought  upon  ;  I  have  it  here  about  me." 

Richard  III. 
"  I  have  bethought  me  of  another  fault." 

Measure  for  Measure. 

And  as  Shakspeare  elsewhere  uses  mind  for  re- 
mind— 

"  Let  me  be  punished,  who  have  minded  you 
Of  what  you  should  forget." 

Noticing  these  differences,  "  stint  your  question," 
appears  to  me  as  needless  as  it  is  harsh. 

One  slight  substitution,  a  for  the,  would  mate- 
rially effect — improve,  I  venture  to  say,  the  whole 
passage. 

"I  pray  you  think  you  question  with  a  Jew," 
exemplifying  Antonio's  general  scorn  and  hatred 
of  the  whole  race.  "  With  a  Jew,"  with  HIM,  then 
and  there  present,  its  type  and  monograph,  than 
whom,  in  the  Christian  merchant's  vehement 
exergesia,  waves,  wolves,  and  winds,  are  less  un- 
persuadable. If  this  reading  be  not,  as  possibly 
it  is,  in  some  early  edition  of  our  poet,  I  willingly 
accept  the  peril  of  its  suggestion. 

Agreeing  with  MB.  KEIGHTLET  in  the  evident 
loss  of  a  syllable  — 

"...    from  which  lingering  penance 
Of  such  A  misery  doth  she  cut  me  off," 

I  think  the  simple  article  a  preferable  to  any  epi- 
thet for  its  suppletion.  If  one  there  must  be, 
let  it  be  reasonably  relative  to  its  subject,  not 
vague  and  general. 

I  am  glad  to  conclude  with  the  ready  accept- 
ance of  MB.  KEIGHTLEY'S  emendatory  of  for  or, 
so  happily  enforcing  Portia's  denunciation,  Act 
IV.  Sc.  1.  Never  was  the  effect  of  one  letter's 
change  made  more  evident  than  in  this,  and  his 
almost  equally  concise  substitution  of  we  for  who 
in  Lenox's  fine  irony  (so  fine  as  to  be  positively 
transparent),  Macbeth,  Act  III.  Sc.  6.  Were  a 
French  newswriter  or  pamphleteer  to  be  half  as 
ironical,  Monsieur  Persigny's  successor  would  not 
be  slow  in  sending  him  a  caution. 

EDMUND  LENTHAL  SWIFTB. 


BACKARE. —  This  strange  word  was  in  use  in 
the  sixteenth  century,  but  apparently  without  any 
just  idea  of  its  origin :  — 

"  Ah  Sir !  Backare,  quod  Mortimer  to  his  sowe." 

Roister  Doister,  Act  I.  Sc.  2. 
'  Backare,  quoth  Mortimer  to  his  sow : 
Went  that  sow  back  at  his  bidding,  trow  3-ou  ?  " 

Heywood,  Epigrams. 


"  The  masculine  gender  is  more  worthy  than  the  femi- 
nine. 
Therefore,  Lieio,  Backare." 

Lyly,  Mydas,  Act  I.  Sc.  2. 
«  Backare,  you  are  marvellous  forward." 

"Taming  of  the  Shrew.  Act  II.  Sc.  1. 
As  would  appear  from   Heywood   and   Lyly, 
Backare   was  supposed   to  signify   "go  back!" 
This,  however,  would  account  only  for  the  first 
syllable  ;  and  I  suspect  that  the  original  meaning 
may  have  been  quite  different.     May  not  Morti- 
mer's sow  have  been  a  brindled  one  ?  and  he  have 
ailed  her  bigarree,  i.  e.  brindle,  which,  being  cor- 
rupted into  backare,  may  then  have  been  thought 
to  come  from  back  ?  THOS.  KEIGHTLET. 

Belvidere,  Kent. 

"  ALL'S  WELL  THAT  ENDS  WELL  "  (3rd  S.  iv. 
107.)  —  MB.  EAST'S  conjecture  as  to  the  meaning 
of  the  initials  E.  and  G.,  in  the  stage  directions  of 
the  first  folio  of  Alls  Well  that  Ends  Well,  has 
been  anticipated  by  Capell  in  his  notes  on  the 
ilay.     As  one  of  the  editors  of  the  Cambridge 
Shakspeare,  I  may  be  permitted  to  add  that  we 
had  independently  come  to  the  same  conclusion  as 
MB.  EAST  with  regard  to  the  meaning  of  the 
names  "  Charbon "  and  "  Poysam,"  and  that  our 
note  containing  this  conclusion  was  in  the  printer's 
hands  several  days  before  MB.  EASY'S  note  ap- 
peared. W.  ALDIS  WBIGHT. 
Trin.  Coll.,  Cambridge. 

"  ET  TU,  BBUTE  ! " :  C-ESAB'S  DEAFNESS. — Can 
any  of  your  correspondents  tell  me  whence  Shak- 
speare derived  the  expression,  "  Et  tu,  Brute ! " 
which  he  puts  into  the  mouth  of  Julius  Caesar  ? 
I  cannot  find  them  in  any  ancient  writer.  Plu- 
tarch, from  whom  most  of  the  materials  for  this 
play  are  taken,  does  not  give  them ;  and  Sueto- 
nius gives  a  somewhat  similar  expression,  but  in 
Greek. 

Shakspeare  makes  Caesar  say  :  — 
"  Come  on  my  right  hand,  for  this  ear  is  deaf." 

Is  there  any  authority  for  this  ?  F.  G. 

[Shakspeare's  authority  for  this  exclamation,  'Ettu, 
Brute ! '  would  appear  to  have  been  in  the  old  play  en- 
titled The  True  Tragedy  of  Richarde,  Duke  of  York'e,  fyc., 
printed  in  1600,  on  which  he  formed  his  Third  Part  of 
King  Henry  VI.:  — 

"  Et  tu,  Brute!  wilt  thou  stab  Ctesar  too?  " 
The  same  line  is  also  found  in  Acolastus  his  Afterwitte,  by 
S.  Nicholson,  printed  in  the  same  year.    So  in  "  Caesar's 
Legend,"  Mirror  for  Magistrates,  1587:  — 

"  And  Brutus  thou,  my  sonne,  quoth  I,  whom  erst  I 
loved  best." 

Malone  conjectures  that  the  Latin  words  appeared 
originally  in  the  old  Latin  play,  EpUogus  Caxaris  Inter- 
fecti,  by'Richard  Eedes ;  played  at  Christ  Church,  Ox- 
ford, in  1582.] 

LETTEBS  or  SHAKSPEABE  AND  NELL  GWYNNE. — 
Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  throw  light  upon 


204 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3«  S.  IV.  SEPT.  12,  '63. 


the  following  paragraph,  which  is  to  be  found  in 
the  Monthly  Mirror  for  October,  1802,  p.  281  ?— 

"  Besides  these  two  original  letters  of  Shakespeare, 
addressed  to  Thomas,  Lord  Buckhurst,  which  have  been 
lately  discovered  among  the  Dorset  Papers,  the  Corre- 
spondence of  Dryden,  Otway,  Lee,  Sedley,  and  Prior, 
with  Charles  Earl  of  Dorset,  is  most  valuable.  The 
letters  of  Nell  Gwynn  to  that  nobleman  throw  light  on 
some  of  the  secret  measures  of  Charles  II. 's  reign,  and 
are  extremely  interesting  from  the  anecdotes  contained 
in  them.  It  was  at  the  express  desire  of  the  late  Duke 
of  Dorset  that  the  Duchess  is  now  giving  these  papers  to 
the  Public." 


Was  this  a  literary  hoax  ? 
become  of  the  letters  ? 


If  not,  what  has 
INQUISITOR. 


NORTH  ASTON,  OXFORDSHIRE. 

The  writer  of  an  article  on  "  Judge  Page  "  in 
one  of  your  numbers  for  January,  1862,  having 
incorrectly  named  North  Aston  as  the  place  of 
abode  of  that  once  famous  functionary,  I  took  the 
liberty  of  correcting  your  correspondent  in  a 
letter,  which  you  did  me  the  favour  to  insert  on 
Feb.  22,  1 862,  showing  that  Middle  Aston,  within 
the  parish  of  Steeple  Aston,  was  the  site  of  Page's 
mansion  (destroyed  in  1805),  and  that  he  had 
nothing  to  do  with  North  Aston.  Some  particu- 
lars as  to  that  parish  (North  Aston)  may  be  in- 
teresting, and  not  the  less  so  that  the  manor, 
mansion,  impropriate  tithes,  and  principal  landed 
estate  in  it  have  recently  changed  by  purchase 
from  the  family  of  Bowles  to  that  of  Foster- 
Melliar ;  and  that  modern  improvements  are  obli- 
terating some  ancient  features  and  customs. 

The  church  closely  adjoins  the  mansion,  and 
contains  an  oak  pulpit  the  gift  of  Lady  Howard 
in  or  about  1720,  with  a  shield  handsomely  en- 
graved upon  it,  not  very  correct  in  its  heraldry, 
but  curious  as  giving  the  crests  of  every  family 
then  owning  real  property  in  the  parish,  that  of 
an  ancestor  of  the  writer  among  others.  The 
rood-loft  staircase  remains.  There  are  several 
mural  tablets ;  one  being  to  the  memory  of  Ber- 
nard Gates,  the  musical  composer,  in  the  inscrip- 
tion on  which  Gates  is  said  to  have  held  at  court 
the  appointment  of  "  Tuner  of  the  Regals  "  (Qy. 
What  were  his  duties?);  and  under  the  arch, 
between  the  chancel  and  a  chantry  chapel,  are 
the  recumbent  figures  on  an  altar-tomb  of  a 
knight  and  lady  in  fine  preservation,  said  to  be 
Sir  John  Anne  and  Alice  his  wife,  of  the  date  of 
1426. 

Lord  Brooke  held  the  manor  at  the  period  of 
the  Great  Rebellion.  A  descendant  of  the 
Brooke  family  devised  it  to  a  Fermor,  under 
whom  the  widow  of  Sir  Robert  Howard  had  a 
lease  of  it  for  life.  Charles  Bowles  acquired  it  by 
purchase  in  1746;  his  son  Oldfield  Bowles  held 
it  till  his  death  in  1812,  and  the  grandson  of  the 


first  Bowles,  Charles   Oldfield  Bowles,   held    it 
nearly  till  his  death  in  1862. 

Bradenstoke  Priory,  in  Wiltshire,  held  the  im- 
propriate tithes  and  the  advowson  of  the  vicarage 
till  the  dissolution.  The  Commissioners  for  taking 
account  of  Chantries  suppressed  by  1  Edward  VI. 
c.  14  (1547),  found  that  the  parish  of  North  Aston 
contained  "  certaine  land  of  the  yearly  value  of 
twentypence  given  to  the  fyndyng  of  a  lampe 
lyght  within  said  parish  church,  by  whom  un- 
known." 

In  1717,  Esquire  Churchill  gave  10Z.  to  the 
poor  of  this  parish,  but  Mr.  Dodwell  (his  lawyer 
probably)  kept  12.  for  his  trouble,  so  that  William 
Wing  and  Richard  May,  the  churchwardens, 
would  only  acknowledge  it  in  their  account-book 
as  a  gift  of  91.  The  Charity  Commissioners  of 
1822  found  this  charity  still  existing,  the  9Z.  hav- 
ing been  made  up  to  10^.,  which  were  then  in  the 
hands  of  Mr.  Bowles,  who  paid  10s.  per  annum 
for  interest,  and  21.  10s.  for  rent  of  a  piece  of 
meadow  land,  which,  with  other  moneys,  were 
distributed  yearly  among  the  poor  in  coal  or 
blankets.  This  piece  of  meadow  land  is  defined 
by  boundary  stones,  one  of  which  is  a  hideous 
gurgoyle  of  about  three  feet  in  height  from  the 
soil  as  it  now  stands. 

The  parish  contains  a  farm  belonging  to  the 
trustees  of  a  charity  created  for  the  benefit  of  the 
poor  of  Hendon  in  Middlesex,  of  the  origin  of 
which  charity  I  know  nothing.  A  tithe  rent  charge 
is  paid  in  respect  of  this  farm  to  the  impropriator 
(Mr.  Melliar),  and  another  to  the  vicar.  Similar 
payments  are  made  in  respect  of  another  farm  in 
this  parish,  which  forms  the  endowment  of  the 
rectory  of  Rowtham.  And  the  following  article 
from  a  local  newspaper  of  July  27th  last  appears 
noteworthy  at  the  present  time  :  — 

"North  Aston  contains  a  meadow  called  Bestmoor, 
consisting  of  about  forty  acres,  abutting  upon  the  main 
stream  of  the  Cherwell,  from  which  the  farmers  of  Dun's 
Tew  from  time  immemorial  have  had  the  privilege  of 
taking  the  first  mowth  for  hay,  the  after- feed  belonging  to 
the  proprietor  of  the  principal  estate  in  North  Aston,  or 
his  tenant. 

"It  is  understood  that  an  arrangement  has  recently 
been  entered  into,  whereby  Sir  H.  W.  Dashwood,  as 
principal  owner  of  Dun's  Tew,  the  vicar  of  that  parish,  and 
Mr.  Preedy,  of  Bloxham,  relinquish  the  privilege  of  them- 
selves and  their  tenants,  in  the  hay  crop  of  Bestmoor, 
and  W.  M.  Foster-Melliar,  Esq.,  becomes  the  owner  of 
its  entirety.  Thus  is  one  more  mixed  ownership,  in  the 
Cherwell  valley  absorbed,  to  the  probable  improvement  of 
the  drainage  of  the  meadow  in  question,  and  the  benefit 
of  all  who  are  interested  in  the  growth  of  natural  hay 
being  brought  to  the  utmost  perfection.  Six,  at  least, 
mixed  ownerships  in  the  valley  have  been  extinguished 
in  the  last  sixty  years. 

"  Up  to  the  present  year  '  Bestmoor  Meadow-mowing  ' 
has  been  a  rural  holiday.  Backways  having  been  trod 
put  by  boys  through  the  standing  herbage,  each  farmer 
in  Dun's  Tew  has  sent  as  strong  a  staff  of  mowers  as  he 
could  procure,  who,  during  the  dark  hours  of  an  early  July 


3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  12,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


205 


morning,  have  plodded  the  spot,  in  order  to  commence 
operations  with  the  first  streak  of  dawn,  and  to  complete 
their  work,  if  possible,  by  nightfall.  A  few  hours  later 
the  meadow  became  alive  with  haymakers;  beer  and 
provisions  were  abundant,  and  the  scene  sometimes  closed 
with  one  of  those  almost  inseparable  termini  of  rural  fes- 
tivities, a  scrimmage. 

"  During  the  winter  months  the  tap-room  of  the  village 
alehouse  resounded  from  time  to  time  with  self-laudation 
of  their  prowess  '  in  the  field  and  in  the  fight '  of  the 
Bestmoor  Meadow  mowers. 

"  All  these  matters  will  now  be  as  obsolete  as  Braden- 
stoke  Priory,  which  was  once  owner  of  the  afterfeed  of 
the  meadow  in  question,  and  the  mowing  and  removal  of 
its  produce  will  probably  for  the  future  be  as  quiet  an 
affair  as  that  of  an  upland  piece  of  sainfoin ;  but  I  have 
thought  it  worth  while  to  become  the  historian  of  Best- 
moor  by  writing  this  letter. 

"  Similar  tenures  existed  in  the  parish  I  date  from, 
whence  the  first  grass  of  two  meadows  used  to  be  hauled 
to  Wootton  and  Glympton,  six  miles  to  the  south-west ; 
and  a  century  ago  the  farmers  of  this  place  had  the  pri- 
vilege of  the  afterfeed  of  a  meadow  in  Lower  Heyford, 
called  Broadhead,  after  the  farmers  of  the  latter  place  had 
secured  the  hay  crop,  which  they  were  by  custom  obliged 
to  do  by  a  fixed  day ;  and  some  half  a  score  similar  pri- 
vileges may  yet  be  traced  out  between  Charwelton  and 
Magdalen  Bridge  at  Oxford." 

WILLIAM 

Steeple  Aston. 


KNITTING  SONG. 

All  readers  of  Southey's  Doctor  —  and  I  hope 
there  are  many  —  must  remember  the  affecting 
story  of  Betty  Yewdale,  given,  in  interchapter 
xxiv.  She  tells  how  she  and  her  sister  were 
sent,  to  learn  the  art  of  knitting  socks,  from 
Langdale  to  Dentsdale,  in  Yorkshire  :  — 

"  Than  we  ust  at  sing  a  mack  of  a  sang,  whilk  we  were 
at  git  at  t'end  on  at  every  needle,  ca'iag  ower  t'neams  of 
o'  t'  fwoak  in  t'  Deaal  —  but  Sally  an  me  wad  never  ca' 
Dent  Fwoak  —  sea  we  ca'ed  Langdon  Fwoak.  T'  sang 
was  — 

" '  Sally  an'  I,  Sally  an'  I, 
For  a  good  pudding  pye, 
Taa  hoaf  wheat,  an'  tudder  hoaf  rye, 
Sally  an'  I,  for  a  good  pudding  pye.' 

"  We  sang  this  (altering  t'  neams)  at  every  needle :  and 
•when  we  com  at  t'  end  cried  '  off,'  an'  began  again,  an' 
sae  we  strave  on  o' t'  day  through." 

This  extract  gives  a  good  idea  of  what  is  meant 
by  "  a  Knitting  Song."  I  now  beg  to  give  one  in 
use  only  a  very  short  time  ago,  if  not  even  at  the 
present  day,  by  the  knitters  in  the  sun  in  Wens- 
leydale.  It  has  been  communicated  to  me  by  a 
most  trustworthy  friend,  who  learnt  it  from  an 
old  woman,  a  parishioner.  Though  it  simplv  con- 
sists of  numerals  up  to  twenty,  it  is  most  curious ; 
and  seeing  that  it  is  evidently  in  the  Norse  lan- 
guage, must  have  lingered  in  the  Dale  a  thousand 
years.  I  give  an  exact  copy  from  my  friend's 


«  1.  Yahn. 

2.  Tayhn. 

3.  Tether. 

4.  Mether. 

5.  Mimph. 

6.  Hithher. 

7.  Lithher. 

8.  Auver. 

9.  Dauver. 

10.  Die. 

11.  Yahn -die. 

12.  Tayn-dic. 

13.  Tether-die, 

14.  Mether-dic. 

15.  Mimph-it  (potius  mumphit). 

16.  Yahn-a-mimphit. 

17.  Tayhn-a-mimphit. 

18.  Tether-a-mimpb.it. 

19.  Mether-a-mimphit. 

20.  Jig-it" 

It  is  difficult,  of  course,  to  convey  this  rude 
chant  by  means  of  modern  orthography,  but  I 
think  the  attempt  has  not  been  without  success. 

R.  S.  T. 


THE  COBRA  AND  THE  MONGOOSE. 

Enclosed  is  a  cutting  from  a  Madras  newspaper, 
which  I  am  sure  is  worthy  of  a  place  in  your 
columns.  The  point  has  long  been  a  disputed 
one :  whether  the  mongoose  owes  its  impunity 
from  the  cobra's  bite  to  the  knowledge  of  an 
antidote,  or  whether  the  serpent's  poison  had  no 
effect  on  the  animal.  This  question  is  at  last 
settled ;  and  as  the  only  carefully  drawn  up  ac- 
count of  a  fight  between  the  cobra  and  mon- 
goose I  have  ever  seen,  I  trust  you  will  make  a 
Note  of  it. 

W.  KINCAID,  Capt.  22nd  Reg.  M.N.L 

Bangalore. 

"  FIGHT   BETWEEN   A  MONGOOSE  AND  A  COBHA. 

"  DEAK  SIR, — We  think  the  long  vexed  question, 
whether  the  mongoose  on  being  bitten  by  the  cobra  re- 
tires into  the  jungle  and  finds  some  herb  an  antidote  for 
the  poison,  or  whether  the  venom  of  the  serpent  produces 
no  effect  on  the  animal,  has  been  at  last  settled. 

"  On  Saturday  morning  last  whilst  seated  in  the  Mess 
House  with  several  officers  of  the  regiment,  a  servant 
came  and  stated  that  a  snake  had  been  seen  by  one  of  the 
guard  to  enter  a  hole  in  the  ground,  close  to  where  the 
guard  was ;  we  immediately  sent  for  a  mongoose  (a  tame 
one,  the  property  of  an  officer),  and  put  him  to  the  hole. 
He  soon  began  to  scratch  away  the  earth,  and  in  half  an 
hour  a  fine  cobra,  about  a  yard  long,  came  forward,  with 
head  erect  and  hood  distended,  to  attack  the  mongoose ; 
who  seemed  to  care  nothing  for  the  reptile,  but  merely 
jumped  out  of  the  way  to  avoid  the  blows  which  the 
snake  struck  at  him.  The  mongoose  unfortunately  had 
just  been  fed,  consequently  did  not  show  sufficient  in- 
clination to  go  in  at  him  and  kill  him ;  so  we  secured 
the  snake  and  carried  him  over  to  the  officer's  quarters  to 
have  the  contest  carried  out  Ihere,  after  the  mongoose 
should  have  had  some  little  time  to  get  over  his  break- 
fast. 

"  After  a  couple  of  hours  rest,  we  placed  the  cobra  in 
a  room  with  closed  doors  (we  having,  in  the  mean  time, 


206 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  12,  '63. 


taken  up  a  secure  position  in  the  room  from  which  we 
could  observe  all  the  movements  of  the  combatants).  The 
mongoose  was  let  in,  and  the  fight  commenced. 

"  The  Fight.  —  The  mongoose  approached  the  cobra 
with  caution,  but  devoid  of  any  appearance  of  fear.  The 
cobra,  with  head  erect  and  body  vibrating,  watched  his 
opponent  with  evident  signs  of  being  aware  of  how  deadly 
an  enemy  he  had  to  contend  with.  The  mongoose  was 
soon  within  easy  striking  distance  of  the  snake,  who, 
suddenly  throwing  back  his  head,  struck  at  the  mon- 
goose with  tremendous  force.  The  mongoose,  quick  as 
thought,  sprung  back  out  of  reach,  uttering  at  the  same 
time  savage  growls.  Again  the  hooded  reptile  rose  on 
the  defensive ;  and  the  mongoose,  nothing  daunted  by 
the  distended  jaws  and  glaring  eyes  of  his  antagonist, 
approached  so  near  to  the  snake  that  he  was  forced,  not 
relishing  such  close  proximity,  to  draw  his  head  back 
considerably ;  this  lessened  his  distance  from  the  ground 
The  mongoose  at  once,  seizing  the  advantageous  oppor- 
tunity, sprung  at  the  cobra's  head,  and  appeared  to  in- 
flict as  well  as  to  receive  a  wound.  Again  the  combat- 
ants put  themselves  in  a  position  to  renew  the  encounter 
again  the  snake  struck  at  his  wily  opponent,  and  again 
the  latter's  agility  saved  him.  It  would  be  tedious  to 
recount  in  further  "detail  the  particulars  of  about  a  dozen 
successive  rounds,  at  the  end  of  which  time  neither  com- 
batant seemed  to  suffer  more  than  the  other;  we  wil 
limit  ourselves  to  describe  the  final  and  most  interesting 
encounter. 

"  The  last  Bound. — The  fight  had  lasted  some  three 
quarters  of  an  hour,  and  both  combatants  seemed  now  to 
nerve  themselves  for  the  final  encounter.  The  cobra 
changing  his  position  of  defence  for  that  of  attack,  ad- 
vanced, and  seemed  determined  now  to  'do  or  die.' 
Slowly  on  his  watchful  enemy  the  cobra  advanced ;  with 
equal  courage  the  mongoose  awaited  the  advance  of  hi 
still  unvanquished  foe.  The  cobra  had  now  approached 
so  close,  that  the  mongoose  (who,  owing  to  want  of  space 
behind,  was  unable  to  spring  out  of  reach  by  jumping  back- 
wards, as  it  had  done  in  the  previous  encounters,)  nimbly 
bounded  straight  up  in  the  air.  The  cobra  missed  his 
object,  and  struck  the  ground  under  him.  Immediately 
on  the  mongoose  alighting,  the  cobra,  quick  as  thought, 
struck  again ;  and,  to  all  appearances,  fixed  his  fangs  in 
the  head  of  the  mongoose.  The  mongoose,  as  the  cobra 
was  withdrawing  his  head  after  he  had  inflicted  the 
bite,  instantly  retaliated  by  fixing  his  teeth  in  the  head 
of  the  cobra.  This  seemed  to  convince  the  cobra  that  he 
was  no  match  for  his  fierce  and  watchful  antagonist; 
and  now,  no  longer  exhibiting  a  head  erect  and  defiant 
eye,  he  unfolded  his  coils  and  ignominiously  slunk  awav. 
Instantly  the  mongoose  was  on  his  retreating  foe,  and, 
burying  his  teeth  in  his  brain,  at  once  ended  the  contest. 
"  The  mongoose  now  set  to  work  to  devour  his  victim, 
and  in  a  few  minutes  had  eaten  the  head  and  two  or 
three  inches  of  the  body,  including  the  venom  so  dreaded 
by  all. 

"We  should  have  mentioned  before,  that,  previous  to 
this  encounter,  the  snake  had  struck  a  fowl,  which  died 
within  half  an  hour  of  the  infliction  of  the  bite ;  showing, 
beyond  doubt,  its  capability  of  inflicting  a  deadly  wound. 
"  After  the  mongoose  had  satisfied  his  appetite,  we 
proceeded  to  examine  with  a  pocket  lens  the  wounds 
that  he  had  received  from  the  cobra;  and  on  washing 
away  the  blood  from  one  of  these  places,  the  lens  disclosed 
the  broken  fang  of  the  cobra  deeply  imbedded  in  the  head  of 
the  mongoose.  To  discover  whether  there  was  any  truth 
in  the  assertion,  that  the  mongoose  owes  its  impunity 
from  the  bite  of  the  most  venomous  of  serpents  to  its 
knowledge  of  a  herb  which  is  an  antidote  to  the  poison, 
or  whether  on  the  other  hand  a  prophylactic  exists  in 
the  blood  of  this  extraordinary  animal,  rendering  it  in- 


nocuous to  the  bite  of  a  reptile  fatal  to  all  other  animals, 
we  have  had  the  mongoose  confined  ever  since  (now  four 
days  ago),  and  it  is  now  as  healthy  and  lively  as  ever; 
but  should  it  in  the  course  of  a  fortnight  show  the  slight  • 
est  indisposition,  we,  in  the  cause  of  truth,  will  not  fail 
to  inform  you. 

"  We  consider,  therefore,  that  there  no  longer  exists  a 
doubt  that  in  the  blood  of  the  mongoose  there  is  a  pro- 
phylactic ;  and  that  the  idea  that  it  derives  its  impunity 
from  a  herb,  is  one  of  many  popular  errors. 

"  We  beg  to  subscribe  ourselves  as  witnesses  to  the 
above  narrated  encounter  between  a  mongoose  and  a 
cobra,  and  remain,  dear  Sir, 

"  Yours  truly, 

"  K.  MACAULAY,  Major  23rd  Regt.  L.  I. 
"  C.  J.  COMBE,  Capt.         do. 
"  H.  G.  SYMONS,  Lieut     do. 

«  Trichinopoly,  July  15th,  1863." 


Minat 


THE  IRISH  QUEEN  VICTORIA.  —  Has  any  of  your 
readers  ever  made  a  note  of  the  fact,  that  your 
sovereign  —  second  of  her  commanding  name  re- 
corded as  the  great  Ban  Tierna  of  the  old  West  — 
is  in  style  and  title  truly  Irish  :  as  Irish  as  the 
Lia  Faile,  that  "erratic  boulder"  of  dominion 
lying,  as  we  are  told,  under  the  coronation  chair 
of  Britain? 

"  Queen  Victoria  "  is  only  another  way  of  writ- 
ing Coinne  Vochtara  ;  which,  in  the  old  language, 
meant  "  chief  woman,"  "  sovereign,  or  conquering 
lady."  Coinne,  by  itself,  came  to  be  "  the  woman, 
par  eminence,  and  it  passed  with  a  slight  change 
into  our  form  of  speech;  just  as  "king"  did 
about  the  same  time.  Vochtara,  or  Uachtara 
("  conquering  "),  was  the  elder  form  of  the  Latin 
Victoria  ;  having  gone  to  Rome,  doubtless,  along 
with  fasces,  hernce,  embratur  (all  Irish),  from  the 
Sabellian  or  Etruscan  districts.  This  word  I  may 
add,  is  curiously  visible  in  some  of  the  war  mot- 
toes of  the  Irish  septs  ;  and  as  curiously  invisible 
in  our  English  "above"  and  "aboon"  —  rather 
expressive  words  in  this  high  theme,  the  latter 
especially,  to  any  courtier  looking  up  to  the 
liberality  of  a  great  queen. 

Her  Majesty  knows,  of  course,  that  she  is  a 
descendant  of  Kenneth  Mac  Alpine  and  some  of 
the  elder  dynasts  of  the  Scotie  line  of  Ireland  ; 
but  she  would  probably  be  surprised  to  know 
what  an  amount  of  Irishry  she  has  been  personally 
carrying  about  with  her.  She  is,  indeed,  Irish 
enough  to  have  a  palace  or  two  in  that  green 
sland  of  her  forefathers,  among  a  people  always 
disposed  (as  Thomas  Moore  used  to  sing  and  say) 
to  be  as  loving  and  as  loyal  as  the  Scots  or  any 
others,  if  the  Coinne  Vochtara  would  only  be 
somewhat  more  familiar  and  friendly  with  them. 
The  Irish,  by  genius  and  etymological  derivation, 
are  Tories  rather  than  rebels  (there  was  always, 
n  fact,  a  strong  Tory  party  in  every  one  of  the 


3"  S.  IV.  SEPT.  12,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


207 


five  courts  of  ancient  Ireland).  And  the  way  they 
rushed  down  upon  the  rebels  here  in  America — 
singing,  not  the  song  of  Roland,  or  of  Riego,  or  of 
Rouget  de  Lisle,  but  of  "  John  Brown's  body,"  to 
a  conventicle  hymn  tune! — was,  as  they  say,  "a 
caution"  to  all  the  world  and  "  the  old  country  ;" 
and,  beyond  doubt,  a  consolation  as  well  as  an 
astonishment  to  the  injured  and  venerable  shade 
of  the  late  King  George  III. 

To  conclude,  Her  Majesty  would  surely  be 
amused  to  read  in  the  "  N.  &  Q.,"  that,  the  here- 
ditary title  of  her  maternal  grandfather  was  as 
undeniably  Irish  as  her  own.  W.  D. 

Nov.  Ebor. 

REGISTER  OF  LORD  CLYDE'S  BIRTH. — 
"A  professional  correspondent  politely  transmits  the 
following: — 'Having  been  professionally  occupied  re- 
cently in  making  a  search  in  the  old  register  of  births 
and  baptisms  for  the  city  of  Glasgow,  now  deposited  in 
the  Register  House,  Edinburgh,  I  accidentally  came  upon 
that  of  our  illustrious  and  gallant  townsman,  the  late 
Lord  Clyde,  and  having  copied  it  from  the  register,  I  send 
it  to  you.  The  entry  in  the  register  establishes  not  only 
the  name  of  his  father,  but  is  very  strong  evidence  of  his 
having  been  a  citizen  of  Glasgow,  if  any  further  proof  of 
these  points  were  awanting.  The  entry  is  as  follows :  — 
"  « Glasgow,  October,  1792. 

"  '  M'Liver. — John  M'Liver,  Wright,  and  Agnes  Camp- 
bell; a  L.  Son,  Colin,  bo.  20th.  Witn.,  Kenneth  M'CallQm 
and  Duncan  Munro.'" — The  Glasgow  Herald,  August  31, 
1863. 

J.  D.  C. 

RHYMES  TO  DICKENS  AND  THACKERAY.  —  I 
have  heard  the  following  satires  repeated,  but 
without  the  name  of  the  author.  Has  it  been 
given  ?  — 

"  A  splendid  muse  of  fiction  has  Charles  Dickens ; 
But  now  and  then,  just  as  the  interest  thickens, 
He  stilts  his  pathos,  and  the  reader  sickens. 

"  Who  sees  but  ridicule  in  good,  like  Thackeray, 
And  gloats  on  human  stains  in  black  array, 
Of  Heaven's  light  most  sorely  doth  he  lack  a  ray." 

These  are  directed  at  the  weak  points  of  the  two 
writers.  I  propose  it  as  a  problem  to  give  six 
lines,  with  the  same  rhyme- words,  addressed  to 
the  strong  points  of  the  two.  M. 

SIMON  WADLOE  :  JOHN  WADLOE.  —  London 
Scenes  and  London  People,  by  Aleph,  contains  (p. 
202),  a  notice  of  Simon  Wadloe,  the  landlord  of 
the  "•  Devil  Tavern,"  in  Ben  Jonson's  time ;  and 
the  author  states  that  this  Wadloe,  after  the  Great 
Fire,  built  the  "  Sun  Tavern  "  behind  the  Royal 
Exchange.  Simon  Wadloe,  landlord  of  the  "  Devil 
Tavern,"  whom  Ben  Jonson  dubbed'  "King  of 
Skinkers,"  was  buried  in  March  1627.  (Chap- 
pell's  Popular  Music  of  the  Olden  Time,  263.)  It 
is  probable  that  John  Wadloe,  the  landlord  of  the 
"  Devil  Tavern "  at  the  Restoration,  was  the 
builder  of  the  "  Sun  Tavern  "  behind  the  Royal 
Exchange.  S.  Y.  R. 


NICHOLAS  HILLIARD. — The  name  of  this  emi- 
nent miniature  painter  is  familiar  to  all  lovers  of 
English  art.  From  the  following  memorandum 
annexed  to  a  particular  for  lease  of  the  manor  of 
Poyle,  in  the  parish  of  Stanwell,  co.  Middlesex, 
dated  1587  (Augmentation  Office  Records)  it 
appears  that  he  was  the  engraver  of  the  Great 
Seal  employed  at  that  period :  — 

"Memorandum,  &c.  — The  said  Lease  to  be  for  21 
yeares  to  the  said  Hilliard,  in  consideration  of  his  paines 
in  engraving  ye  Great  Scale  of  England. 

"  FB.  WALSINGHAM.        W.  BURLEIGH." 
H.  G.  H. 

EPITAPH,  CURIOUS,  TO  JOSEPH  TAYLOR,  1732.— 
I  copy  the  following  from  a  slab  on  the  floor  of 
the  nave  of  Allhallows  Barking  for  insertion  in 
"  N.  &  Q ,"  both  on  account  of  the  peculiar  cir- 
cumstances recorded,  and  also  as  a  specimen  of 
the  fulsome  style  of  memorial  in  the  eighteenth 
century  :  — 

"  Hie  jacet  Joseph  Taylor  armiger 
Una  cum  uxore  sua  Maria  qui  summo  cum  amore  et 
inutua  benevolentia  post  annos  plus  triginta  quinq.  ex- 
act os  eodem  morbo  (scilicet  Hydrope)  absumpti, 
Eodem  Die  ex  hac  vita  simul  discesserunt, 
Spe  non  inani  ad  meliorem  resurgendi 

Ubi,  nuptiis  licet  nihil  loci  sit, 
Illorum  efflorescat  amor  plusquam  nuptialis 

Coelestis  et  in  omnia  secula  duraturus. 

Erat  ille  Sandfordiae  juxta  Tew  Majorem  in  Com.  Ox. 

natus,  ejusdem  com  i  tat  us  per  unum  annum  Vicecomes, 

Quo  munere  ornari 

Satis  gloria?  sibi  duxit, 

Nam  modestia  haud  vulgari  affectus, 

Honores  mereri  maluit  quam  experiri. 

Erat  in  commercio  probus,  impiger,  fortunatus ; 

In  notos  et  vicinos  comis  et  benignus ; 

Erga  cognates  liberalis  et  munificens ; 

Omnium  denique  amans  et  benefaciendi  cupidus. 

Uxorem  habuit  sui  quam  simillimam  prorsus  dignam. 

Obierunt  23°  die  Januar.  A.D.  1732. 

Ille  ("66. 

^Etatis  suse< 
Hac  t60-" 

Beyond  an  entry  in  the  Register  of  Burials  I 
can  find  nothing  of  this  family  in  the  parish  books. 

JUXTA  TURRIM. 

THE  DRUIDS.  —  The  current  number  of  the 
Edinburgh  Review  (No.  241 )  contains  a  delight- 
ful Niebuhrian  article  on  "  Druids  and  Bards," 
which  will  fall  like  a  bombshell  on  the  fortress  of 
Stonehenge.  Let  us  hope  soon  to  see  the  guardians 
of  the  Golden  Sickle  flashing  that  mythical  weapon 
in  the  sun  as  they  rush  to  the  rescue.  The  fol- 
lowing note  should  be  preserved  in  your  columns. 
It  is  appended  to  page  55  :  — 

"  We  offer  as  a  free  gift  to  any  one  who  will  accept  of 
it,  the  following  sources  of  information,  to  which  we  have 
not  observed  any  reference  in  modern  Druidical  litera- 
ture. In  Martini  Hamconii  Frisia,  seu  de  viris  rebusque 
Frisix  illustribus  (1620),  p.  106,  et  seq.,  it  is  set  forth 
that  Harco,  Pontifex  seu  Praefectus  Druidum,  who  lived 
in  Holland  in  the  fourth  century,  wrote  on  the  immortality 
of  the  soul ;  and  that  another  Dutchman,  Poppo,  the  most 


208 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rt  S.  IV,  SEPT.  12,  '63. 


distinguished  heathen  author  of  the  eighth  century,  left, 
among  other  works,  treatises  '  De  officiis  Druidum,'  and 
'  De  ritu  Sacrificiornm  ' ;  also  that  Occo,  a  ferocious  fel- 
low, the  last  of  the  Frisian  Druids,  wrote  on  the  doctrines 
and  the  lives  of  the  chief  Druidical  priests.  See  Seelen's 
Selecta  Literaria,  printed  at  Lubecin  1726,  where  (p.  428) 
this  department  of  literature  is  noticed." 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

THE  TEEM  GUN. — The  following  from  Selden's 
Table  Talk  may  be  worth  reproduction,  if  you 
can  find  a  place  for  it  ih  "  N.  &  Q."  :  — 

"  We  have  more  words  than  notions ;  half  a  dozen 
words  for-  the  same  thing:  sometimes,  we  put  a  new 
signification  to  an  old  word,  as  when  we  call  a  piece  (of 
cannon)  a  gun.  The  word  gun  was  in  use  in  England 
for  an  engine  to  cast  a  thing  from  a  man,  long  before 
there  was  any  gunpowder  found  out" 

D.  M.  STEVENS. 

Guildford. 

MlZE    OR   MlSE. 

"  This  word,"  says  Cowel  (Interpreter),  "  has  divers 
significations,  as  first,  it  is  a  gift  or  customary  present 
which  the  people  of  Wales  give  to  every  new  King  or 
Prince  of  Wales  at  their  entrance  into  that  Principality." 

It  may  not  be  generally  known  that  the  Mize 
was  anciently  paid  not  only  by  the  tenants  of  the 
crown  to  the  King  or  Prince  as  their  feudal  lord 
at  his  first  coming,  but  also  by  the  tenants  of 
certain  Lords  Marchers  on  the  occasion  of  the 
first  entry  of  themselves  or  their  heirs  into  their 
lordships.  I  have  met  with  an  instance  of  this 
feudal  custom  being  perpetuated  so  late  as  the 
reign  of  James  I.  The  following  is  a  translation 
of  an  entry  in  the  Court  Rolls  of  the  Manor  of 
Treetower,  co.  Brecon  :  — 

"  Manor  of  Treetowre, )    The  Court  Baron  of  the  Most 
to  wit.  J  noble  Edward,   Earl  of  Wor- 

cester, Lord  of  the  Manor,  aforesaid,  there  holden 
on  Thursday,  &c.  the  8th  day  of  June,  in  the  13th 
year  of  the  Lord  James,  now  King  of  England,  &c. 
"  The  Homage,  &c.  good  and  lawful  men  of  the  tenants 
of  the  said  Earl  of  his  Manor  aforesaid,  who,  being 
solemnly  demanded,  appeared,  and  were  sworn  into  the 
same  Jury,  &c.  upon  their  oath  say  and  present  that  51. 
of  lawful  English  money  are  due  and  payable  to  Henry 
Lord  Herbert  as  son  and  heir  apparent  of  the  said  Earl 
upon  the  tenants  of  the  aforesaid  Earl  of  his  Manor  afore- 
said, according  to  the  custom  and  usage  of  the  said  Manor 
from  time  wherof  the  memory  of  man  is  not  to  the  con- 
trary, used  and  approved,  as  their  benevolence  and  gra- 
tuity to  and  upon  the  first  coming  of  the  Lord  Herbert 
for  the  time  being  \vithin  the  Manor  aforesaid  for  their 
mizes." 

H.  G.  H. 


^  ANCESTRY  AND  ARMS  WANTED.  —  Any  informa- 


ANONTMOUS.  —  Can  you  inform  me  who  is  the 
author  of  A  Poem,  written  upon  occasion  of  the 
late  accidental  death  of  a  worthy  venerable  gen- 
tleman, very  much  lamented.  By  way  of  Dia- 
logue, or  Conference  of  the  Friends,  Neighbours, 
and  Acquaintances  of  the  Deceased.  Edinburgh, 
1742  ?  The  only  copy  of  this  book  which  I  have 
seen  was  lettered  on  the  back  :  "  Dramatic  Poem 
on  the  Death  of  Mr.  Spark."  On  the  back  of  the 
title  is  "  Names  of  the  Persons  speaking  in  the 
Dialogues  or  Conferences,"  viz.  Strephon,  Flora, 
Lesbia,  &c.  —  representing  the  widow,  mother, 
friends,  &c.,  of  the  deceased.  The  Prologue  or 
Introduction  by  a  Friend.  The  Epilogue  or  Con- 
solation by  a  Friend. 

Mr.  Spark  appears  to  have  been  a  clergyman, 
accidentally  drowned  in  crossing  a  swollen  rivulet. 
This  curious  dramatic  poem  is  not  mentioned  in 
the  Biographic  Dramatica ;  nor,  I  rather  think,  in 
Watt  or  Lowndes.  R.  INGLIS. 

"  LES  ANGLAIS  S'AMUSENT  TRISTEMENT." — Does 
this  phrase,  or  anything  like  it,  occur  in  Froissart  ? 
And  if  so,  where  ?  English  writers,  fond  of  de- 
preciating their  own  countrymen,  sometimes  quote 
it.  Is  it  one  of  the  many  pretended  quotations 
the  genuineness  of  which  no  one  takes  the  trouble 
to  inquire  into  ?  JATDEE. 

BALLSBRIDGE,  NEAR  DUBLIN. —  Can  any  Irish 
reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  oblige  me  with  the  deriva- 
tion of  the  name  of  "  Ballsbridge,"  which  is  a 
village  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Dublin  ?  I  have 
searched  for  it  in  sundry  publications,  but  with- 
out success. 

In  the  latter  part  of  the  last  century,  the  name 
was  frequently  given  as  "  Baal's-bridge  "  ;  as,  for 
example,  in  the  Dublin  Chronicle,  llth  June, 
1789  ;  and  in  Sir  Henry  Cavendish's  Statement  of 
the  Public  Accounts  of  Ireland  (London,  1791), 
p.  8,  where  reference  is  made  to  a  parliamentary 
grant  of  3,0001.  in  the  year  1757,  for  "Baal's 
Bridge."  But  Dr.  Caleb  Threlkeld,  in  his  Sy- 
nopsis Stirpium  Hibcmicarum  (Dublin,  1727), 
makes  mention  of  "  Ball's-bridge."  ABHBA. 

BALLAD.  —  Where  has  the  following  effusion 
been  published  at  length,  and  is  there  any  autho- 
rity for  attributing  the  authorship  to  Canning,  as 
stated  in  Chappell's  work  on  Old  English  Songs  ? — 

"  By  the  side  of  a  murmuring  stream 
An  elderlv  gentleman  sat,"  &c. 

F.H. 

BELL  INSCRIPTION  AT  NEW  ROMNET,  KENT.  — 
I  am  informed  that  at  the  above  place  there  are 
two  bells  inscribed,  "  Prie  Dieu,  MCXI."  Could 


tion  relative^  to  the  ancestry  and  arms  of  the  fol-  !  any  one  of  your  readers  oblige  me  with  a  copy  or 
lowing  families  would  be  gladly  received  :  Ford  rubbing  of  them  ?  I  should  be  glad  to  return  the 
and  Sowton,  of  South  Brent,  Devon ;  May  and  courtesy  by  any  information  on  the  subject  of 
Gough,  of  London.  CARILFORD.  campanology  generally.  T.  M.  N.  OWEN. 

Cape  Town.  Clare  College,  Cambridge. 


3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  12,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


BIS-SEXTILE  YEAR. — Leap  year  is  called  "  bis- 
sextile," because  the  sixth  day  that  precedes  the 
calends  of  March  is  on  that  year  twice  counted. 
But  my  question  is,  Why  did  those  who  rectified 
the  Calendar  fix  upon  that  particular  day  as  the 
day  to  be  twice  counted  ?  It  is  the  24th  of  Feb- 
ruary. Now,  why  not  have  taken  the  28ih  of 
February  ?  Would  not  the  last  day  of  the  month 
have  been  more  natural  ?  B.  Y. 

BRODIE  OF  LETHEN. — Dr.  David  Brodie  mar- 
ried in  1723  Margaret  Brodie,  daughter  of  Alex- 
ander Brodie,  of  Lethen,  and  had  issue  three 
children,  viz.  Dr.  Alexander,  died  s.  p. ;  Anne, 
married  the  Rev.  James  Hay;  and  Elizabeth, 
born  in  1735,  who  married  William  Grant,  the 
then  Laird  of  Auckinroath  and  Grant's  Grove, 
now  called  Ashgrove.  I  am  anxious  to  ascertain 
-who  was  the  elder  of  the  two  sisters. 

William  Brodie,  Esq.,  of  East  Bourne,  Sussex, 
in  his  valuable  Pedigree  of  the  Brodie  Family, 
recently  published,  does  not  throw  light  on  the 
question.  Indeed,  both  in  his  publication  and  in 
the  Landed  Gentry,  Elizabeth  is  omitted  alto- 
gether. I  know,  however,  from  positive  proof, 
that  Mrs.  Hay  and  Mrs.  Grant  were  sisters ;  and 
any  one  who  could  inform  me  as  to  their  re- 
spective ages  would  confer  a  favour.  The  Elgin 
registers  of  births  were  not,  formerly,  kept  with 
regularity.  J.  W.  C. 

CREST  OP  PRINCE  or  WALES. — In  the  church 
of  High  Laver,  Essex,  the  royal  arms  of  Charles  I. 
are  displayed  on  a  board  of  the  usual  dimensions, 
placed  above  the  chancel  screen,  on  the  back  of 
which  is  the  crest  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  (the 
coronet  with  three  plumes),  with  the  initials  C.P. 
and  the  date  1636.  Can  any  of  your  correspond- 
ents inform  me  whether  this  occurs  in  other 
churches  ?  if  not,  whether  they  can  afford  me  any 
clue  for  the  reason  of  its  adoption  in  the  present 
instance  ?  H.  B.  S. 

PARODT  ON  CAMPBELL'S  "  HOHENLINDEN." —  I 
have  a  copy  of  a  very  clever  parody  on  Campbell's 
noble  lyric  of  Hohenlinden,  consisting  of  eight 
stanzas,  of  which  the  following  are  the  first 
three : — 

w  At  Snooks's,  ere  the  fun  was  high, 
The  whisky  lay  neglected  by, 
And  '  order '  was  the  solemn  cry 
Thoughout  the  gay  society. 

"  But  Snooks  beheld  another  sight, 
When  supper  came  at  dead  of  night, 
For  then  shone  forth  wit's  purest  light, 
With  spirits  rising  rapidly. 

"  In  social  phalanx  long  arrayed, 
Each  drew  his  good  old  supper-blade, 
And  brilliant  were  the  things  we  said, 
That  night  of  college  revelry." 

Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  give  me  the 
author's  name  ?  I  have  heard  it  ascribed  (as  a 


juvenile  production)  to  a  celebrity  of  the  present 
day ;  but  whether  rightly  or  wrongly,  I  am 
anxious  to  know.  ABHBA. 

DAGNIA  FAMILY. — I  should  feel  greatly  obliged 
if  any  of  your  correspondents  can  give  me  any 
information  as  to  the  origin  of  the  name  of  Dagnia, 
and  furnish  me  with  copies  of  any  inscriptions  on 
tombstones  &c.  bearing  the  name.  I  should  also 
be  glad  to  know  the  county  from  which  the  name 
sprang.  D.  J.  B. 

FRENCH  WINES  IN  1749.  —  Why  were  these 
(now  popular  beverages)  during  tbe  reign  of 
George  II.  so  frequently  interdicted  at  public 
dinners?  Thus,  the  Gent.  Mag.  for  1749,  p.  184, 
giving  an  account  of  a  dinner  at  Drapers'  Hall  of 
the  Society  for  Promoting  Protestant  Schools  in 
Ireland,  on  April  4  of  that  year,  concludes  with 
the  words  "  No  French  wines  were  permitted  to 
be  drunk."  1  have  met  with  this  before.  What 
was  the  reason  ?  JTJXTA  TURHIM. 

PORTRAITS  OF  JOHNSON. — Though  Dr.  S.  John- 
son thought  portrait-painting  an  improper  em- 
ployment for  a  woman,  yet  we  are  told,  one  of 
the  last  occupations  of  the  great  moralist's  life 
was  to  sit  for  his  picture  to  Miss  Reynolds,  sister 
of  Sir  Joshua.  Can  any  of  your  correspondents 
inform  me  what  has  become  of  this  portrait,  and 
what  other  pictures  this  lady  painted,  and  where 
they  are  to  be  found  ?  One  of  the  best  likenesses 
of  the  Doctor  by  Sir  J.  R.  was  painted  for  his  old 
friend  and  schoolfellow,  Dr.  Taylor,  J.^P.^of  Ash- 
bourne  ;  and,  as  I  understood  when  visiting  that 
place  when  a  boy,  was  left  as  an  heirloom  to  Mr. 
Webster,  who  inherited  Taylor's  property,  and 
who  lived  in  the  same  house  after  Taylor's  de- 
cease, and  who  then  had  the  portrait.  Webster 
died  some  few  years  ago.  In  whose  possession  is 
this  portrait  at  the  present  time  ? 

JOHN  BOOTH. 
Bromyard. 

LEWES  AND  ITS  ANNUAL  COMMEMORATION.— 
In  the  last  published  of  Mr.  Harrison  Ainsworth's 
historical  novels,  entitled  Cardinal^  Pole,  or  the 
Days  of  Philip  and  Mary,  is  a  vivid  description 
of  the  burning  of  Derrick  Carver,  the  well-known 
Lewes  martyr. 

He  thus  concludes :  — 

"  His  memory  is  not  forgotten  in  Lewes ;  and  on  the 
5th  of  November  in  each  year,  a  great  torchlight  proces- 
sion, composed  of  men  in  fantastic  garbs  and  with  black- 
ened visages,  and  dragging  blazing  tar-barrels  after  them, 
parades  the  High-street,  while  an  enormous  bonnre  is 
lighted  opposite  the  Star  Inn,  on  the  exact  spot  where 
Derrick  Carver  perished,  into  which,  when  at  its  highest, 
various  effigies  are  cast.  A  more  extraordinary  spectacle 
than  is  presented  by  this  commemoration  of  the  Marian 
persecutions  in  Lewes  it  has  never  been  our  lot  to  wit- 
ness." 

The  prima  facie  reason  for  the  nocturnal  fes- 
tivity is  evidently  the  happy  escape  of  James  I. 


210 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  SEPT.  12,  '63. 


from  death,  and  England  from  the  clutches  of 
Roman  Catholicism.  Is  there  any  evidence  of  its 
having  an  earlier  origin,  as  proposed  in  the  ex- 
tract ? 

The  bonfire  has  been  of  late  years  lighted  in 
front  of  the  County  Hall  and  White  Hart  Hotel. 
Was  it  formerly  placed  before  the  Star  Hotel,  or 
has  that  house  changed  its  position  ?  Perhaps  MR. 
M.  A.  LOWER  will  kindly  help  me  out  of  my  dif- 
ficulty. WYNNE  E.  BAXTEB. 

ARMS  OF  MILAN.  —  Can  you  inform  me  what 
are  the  present,  and  what  were  the  ancient  arms 
and  crest  of  the  city  of  Milan  ?  J.  B.  M. 

BATTLE  OF  NASEBT.  —  Is  there  any  account  of 
this  battle  published,  in  which  the  destruction  of 
the  village  of  Little  Oxendon  is  referred  to  ? 

M.  C. 

ORBIS  CENTRUM.  —  So  Jerusalem  was  desig- 
nated in  the  earlier  patristic  literature.  Delphi 
was  pompously  termed  by  the  ancient  Greeks, 
'o/u<poAbs  yris  0e<T7r«£57js.  Homer  (Odyssey,  i.  50) 
calls  the  insignificant  islet  of  Ogygia  'O/^aX&s  6a- 
\dffffiis. 

Self,  the  Ego,  is  essentially  the  central  point, 
from  which  the  whole  world  of  thought  and  phe- 
nomena seems  to  radiate ,  and  by  a  sort  of  mental 
prosopopeia  one  transfers  the  idea  to  some  beloved 
and  revered  country  or  locality.  I  ask  other  in- 
stances of  this  disposing  characteristic  of  the 
human  mind.  EGOMET. 

Ireland's  Eye. 

PAPER  MAKING  IN  IRELAND. — When  was  paper 
first  made  in  Ireland?  What  was  the  name  of 
the  first  maker  there  ?  CARILFORD. 

Cape  Town. 

PUBLIC  SERVANTS.  —  Who  is  the  well-known 
English  public  man  who  said,  and  in  what  words, 
that  a  public  servant  who  made  no  enemies 
must  have  failed  to  do  his  duty  ?  D.  W. 

SIR  THOMAS  REMINGTON.  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  give  me  any  information  respecting  the 
descendants  of  Sir  Thomas  Remington,  of  Lund, 
in  the  East  Riding  of  Yorkshire  ?  He  was  born 
about  the  year  1611.  Are  any  of  that  name  now 
living  at  or  near  Lund  ?  R.  H. 

SHARP'S  "  SORTIE  FROM  GIBRALTAR."  —  Can 
any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  who  may  possess  Sharp's 
print,  after  Trumbull,  of  the  "  Sortie  from  Gib- 
raltar in  1781,"  inform  me  as  to  the  names  of  the 
officers  represented?  General  Elliott  is  in  the 
middle  of  the  picture.  At  his  right  hand  stands 
an  officer  in  Highland  uniform;  and  behind  the 
General,  arranged  in  three  groups  of  four,  two, 
and  three,  are  nine  other  officers.  How  are  they 
named,  counting  them  from  the  spectator's  left  to 
his  rijrht  ?  No  doubt  a  key  to  the  portraits  was 
published  at  the  time  the  print  was  first  sold. 


Was  a  key*  also  published  to  Bartolozzi's  large 
print,  after  Copley,  of  the  "  Death  of  Chatham  ?" 

J. 

UNIVERSITY  DEGREES. — Can  any  of  your  readers 
inform  me  what  difference  there  is  between  a 
degree  taken  ad  eundem  and  comitatis  causa  f  I 
not  long  since  saw  that  both  degrees  were  con- 
ferred at  either  Oxford  or  Cambridge,  I  forget 
which.  The  books,  calendars,  &c.,  give  no  in- 
formation on  this  subject.  I  would  also  wish  to 
know,  do  these  degrees  entitle  to  a  vote  ? 

LL.D. 

"WHO  WISHES  TO  MOUNT,"  ETC. — What,  and 
form  whom  is  the  well-known  saying  to  the  effect, 
that  he  who  wishes  to  mount  to  eminence  must 
never  look  down  ?  D.  W. 


rs  uritlj 

GLOUCESTERSHIRE  SONGS. — There  are  two  song^s 
of  much  celebrity  in  this  county.  One  of  them  is 
called  "  George  Ridler's  Oven ;  a  right  famous 
old  Gloucestershire  Ballad."  The  first  verse  is 
as  follows :  — 

"  The  Stwons  that  built  George  Ridler's  oven, 

And  thauy  keum  from  the  Bleakeney's  Quaar ; 
And  George  he  wur  a  Jolly  old  Mon, 
And  his  Yead  it  graw'd  above  his  Yare." 

The  words  are  thus  spelled  in  the  copy  now 
before  me,  which  was  printed  by  T.  Bonnor  in 
1796;  and  there  stated  to  be  "corrected  accord- 
ing to  the  fragments  of  a  manuscript  copy  found 
in  the  Speech  House,  in  the  Forest  of  Dean, 
several  centuries  ago;  and  then  revived  to  be 
sung  at  the  Meetings  of  the  Gloucestershire  So- 
ciety (a  charitable  institution),  held  at  the  Crown 
and  Anchor  Tavern,  in  the  Strand,  London."  A 
copy  of  this  song  is  printed  in  Fosbrooke's  Ab- 
stracts  of  Records,  Sfc.,  respecting  the  County  of 
Gloucester,  vol.  i.  p.  134 ;  where  the  author,  in  a 
note,  says  that  "  the  orthography  by  no  means 
conveys  the  idea  of  the  ancient  provincial  dialect." 

The  other  song  is  called  "  True  Blue,"  and  is 
often  sung  at  elections  among  what  is  called  the 
Tory,  or  Blue  party ;  and  is  set  to  the  tune  of 
the  "  Grenadier's  March,"  and  is  comparatively  a 
modern  song.  As  I  do  not  find  any  mention  of 
these  songs  in  my  music  books,  I  shall  feel  much 
obliged  to  any  of  your  contributors  who  can  give 
me  any  information  as  to  the  date  in  which  the 
first  was  composed,  and  where  the  latter  can  be 
procured  ?  E.  B.  E. 

[The  famous  old  Gloucestershire  ballad,  "  George  Rid- 
ler's Oven,"  corrected  according  to  the  fragments  of  a 
manuscript  found  in  the  Speech  House  of  Dean,  is  printed 
in  our  First  Series,  iv.  311.  It  is  described  in  The  Critic 
for  Oct.  15,  and  Nov.  1,  1856,  pp.  501,  524,  as  being  a 
Royalist  song,  written  probably  at  the  time  of  the  first 


f 
N. 


*  There  is  a  key  to  the  "  Death  of  Chatham."  —  ED. 
'.  &  Q.] 


&*  S.  IV.  SEPT.  12,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


211 


foundation  of  the  Gloucestershire  Society,  namely,  in  the 
year  1657.  The  account  is  taken,  in  an  abridged  form, 
from  the  Report  of  that  Society  for  1855.— We  fear  that 
the  other  song,  "  True  Blue,"  will  only  be  found  in  the 
Gloucestershire  papers.") 

AUTHOR  WANTED. — There  has  lately  come  un- 
der my  notice  a  small  8vo  volume,  bound  in  vel- 
lum, and  extending  to  296  pages ;  others  being 
lost,  as  well  as  the  title-page  and  latter  part  of 
the  dedication.  The  title  appears  to  be  Natvrall 
and  Artificiall  Directions  for  Health.  The  "  Epistle 
Dedicatorie  "  is  addressed  to  Sir  Francis  Bacon, 
Knight,  &c.  It  is  a  very  curious,  quaint,  and 
clever  book,  evidently  the  work  of  a  man  of  intel- 
ligence and  learning;  and  I  am  desirous  of  knowing 
who  he  was.  This  is  the  "  fift  Impression,"  and 
the  author  intimates  that  he  is  "engaged  for  a 
Plantation  in  the  Southerne  parts  of  Newfound- 
land;" that  he  had  travelled  in  Spain,  Hungary, 
and  Italy.  Alludes  to  his  "  worthy  cousen  Sir 
Thomas  Button,"  the  navigator ;  and  to  "  a  little 
Treatise  of  mine,  De  Sphararum  erdine,  among 
other  poems,  imprinted  at  London,  1598."  Also, 
to  a  work  of  his  "  called  The  Spirit  of  Detraction 
coniured  and  convicted,  and  the  Golden  Groue"  His 
initials  may  be  "  B.  R."  If  the  author  be  not 
sufficiently  well  known,  these  allusions  may  help 
to  identify  him.  Chap,  x.,  on  "  Tobacco-taking," 
is  especially  quaint  and  amusing,  and  contains 
some  verv  good  advice  withal  to  smokers. 

w.  w.  s. 

[The  author  of  the  works  noticed  by  our  correspondent 
is  William  Vaughan,  son  of  Walter  Vaughan,  Esq.,  of 
Golden  Grove,  in  Caermartbenshire,  and  younger  brother 
of  Sir  John  Vaughan,  the  first  Earl  of  Carbery.  William 
was  born  in  1577,  and  studied  at  Oxford.  The  most  im- 
portant event  of  his  life  was  founding  a  colony  in  the 
southernmost  part  of  Newfoundland,  to  which  he  gave  the 
name  of  Cambriol,  afterwards  called  Britanniola,  where  he 
was  living  in  1628,  but  the  time  of  his  death  is  unknown. 
The  first  work  noticed  above  is  entitled,  Directions  for 
Health,  both  Naturall  and  Artificiall :  Approued  and  de- 
rived from  the  best  Fhysitians,  as  well  moderns  as  auncient, 
London,  12mo,  1602,  1607,  1617.  For  some  account  of 
the  author  and  his  other  works,  consult  Wood's  Athenee 
Oxon.,  by  Bliss,  ii.  905 ;  Chalmers's  Biog.  Diet. ;  and 
Williams's  Biog.  Diet,  of  Eminent  Welshmen,  8vo,  1852, 
p.  514.] 

CLERKESWELL. — I  shall  be  greatly  obliged  if 
any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  will  favour  me  with 
information  relative  to  the  history  of  Clerkenwell. 
I  am  now  editing  the  late  Mr.  Pinks's  Chronicles 
of  that  parish,  and  shall  be  glad  to  have  assistance 
in  my  work,  however  small  the  assistance  may  be. 
EDWARD  J.  WOOD. 

Myddelton  House,  Clerkenwell. 

[The  request  made  by  our  correspondent  is  not  suffi- 
ciently definite,  as  probably  he  would  receive  many  papers 
which  were  known  to  Mr.  Pinks,  who  devoted  several  years 
in  making  researches  connected  with  this  parish.  Such 
works  as  Stow,  Maitland,  and  Malcolm,  in  addition  to 
Cromwell's  History  of  Clerkenwell,  have  doubtless  been 
well  digested;  but  particulars  of  the  parish  in  out-of-the- 


way  books,  or  in  the  manuscript  treasures  of  the  British 
Museum  and  State  Paper  Office  will,  we  conceive,  be  very 
acceptable. 

There  is  one  curious  matter  somewhat  connected  with 
this  locality,  namely,  the  History  of  the  Stroud  Green 
Corporation,  which  seems  to  require  further  elucidation. 
From  the  little  that  is  known  of  it,  it  appears  that  when 
the  Comic  Muse  took  refuge  in  theatrical  buildings,  the 
ancient  Society  of  Parish  Clerks  became  divided  —  some 
turned  their  genius  to  wrestling  and  mimicry  at  Bar- 
tholomew Fair,  whilst  others,  for  their  better  administra- 
tion, formed  themselves  into  the  Society  of  the  Mayor, 
Aldermen,  and  Recorder  of  Stroud  Green,  assembling  at 
the  Old  Crown  in  Merry  Islington ;  but  still  saving  their 
right  to  exhibit  at  the  Old  London  Spaw,  formerly  Clerks' 
Well,  when  they  might  happen  to  have  learned  sheriffs 
and  other  officers  to  get  up  their  sacred  pieces  as  usual. 
Even  so  late  as  the  year  1774  (according  to  Lewis's 
Islington,  p.  281),  the  members  of  this  ancient  Society 
were  accustomed  to  meet  annually  in  the  summer  time 
at  Stroud  Green,  near  Hornsey  Wood  House,  and  to  regale 
themselves  in  the  open  air ;  the  number  of  persons  drawn 
to  the  spot  on  these  occasions  produced  a  scene  similar 
to  that  of  a  country  wake  or  fair.  Our  correspondent 
should  consult  the  records  of  the  Society  of  Parish  Clerks. 
The  hall  of  the  Company  is  in  Silver  Street,  Wood 
Street.] 

QUOTATION  WANTED. — In  a  speech  of  the  Earl 
of  Derby,  which  I  read  at  the  time  it  was  de- 
livered, his  Lorship  quoted  the  following  line  :  — 
"  My  wound  is  great,  because  it  is  so  small." 

It  seemed  quite  familiar  to  me,  as  I  doubt  not 
it  is  to  you ;  but  hitherto  I  have  failed  to  remem- 
ber its  author.  Pray  help  me ;  that  is,  if  it  be 
not  a  breach  of  privilege  to  notice  language  used 
in  the  House  of  Lords.  R.  C.  H. 

[This  quotation  is  attributed  to  Dryden  in  connection 
with  the  following  incident : — "  In  one  of  Dryden's  plays 
there  was  this  line,  which  the  actress  endeavoured  to 
speak  in  as  moving  and  affecting  a  tone  as  she  could : 

'  My  wound  is  great,  because  it  is  so  small ! ' 
And  then  she  paused,  and  looked  very  distressed.    The 
Duke  of  Buckingham  [George  Villiers  j,  who  was  in  one 
of  the  boxes,  rose  immediately  from  his  seat,  and  added 
in  a  loud  ridiculing  voice  — 

'  Then  'twould  be  greater,  were  it  none  at  all ! ' 
which  had  such  an  effect  on  the  audience,  who  before 
were  not  very  well  pleased  with  the  play,  that  they  hissed 
the  poor  woman  off  the  stage,  would  never  bear  her  ap- 
pearance in  the  rest  of  her  parts ;  and  as  this  was  only 
the  second  time  of  its  performance,  made  Dryden  lose  his 
benefit  night." 

A  condensed  notice  of  this  pretty  story  is  given  m 
Walpole's  Royal  and  Nolle  Authors,  by  Park,  iii.  306, 
where  it  is  added  that  "  the  play  was  instantly  damned." 
It  is  more  circumstantially  narrated  by  Genest  (Hist,  of 
the  Stage,  i.  117),  who  quotes  Malone  as  his  authority. 
Malone  (in  Dryden's  P rose  Works,  iv.  190)  refers  us  to 
Spence.  Spence  (Anecdotes,  edit.  1820,  p.  103,  and  edit 
1858,  p.  47)  found  it  among  the  gossiping  jottings  of 
Dr.  Lockier,  Dean  of  Peterborough.  But  not  one  of  these 
writers  has  favoured  us  with  the  title  of  the  play  or  the 
name  of  the  actress.  Dryden's  next  editor  may  probably 
be  able  to  clear  up  this  matter.] 

GRAND  JURY. — Can  you  inform  me  from  what 
data,  whether  from  the  returns  of  the  assessed 


212 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'*  S,  IV.  SSPT.  12,  '63. 


taxes,  or  others,  lists  of  persons  liable  to  serve  on 
the  Grand  Jury  are  compiled  ?  SIGMA. 

[In  the  first  week  of  July  in  every  year,  the  clerk  of 
the  peace  for  the  county,  through  the  high  constable, 
issues  a  precept  to  the  churchwardens  and  overseers  of 
each  parish  for  an  alphabetical  list  of  every  man  qualified 
and  liable  to  serve  on  juries ;  copies  of  this  list  are  to  be 
fixed  on  the  church  doors. on  the  first  three  Sundays  in 
September.  The  lists  are  afterwards  delivered  by  the 
high  constable  to  the  next  court  of  quarter  sessions,  from 
which  the  sheriff  selects  the  names  of  all  persons  described 
as  an  esquire,  or  person  of  higher  degree,  as  a  banker  or 
merchant.  The  various  qualifications  are  defined  by  the 
statute  6  &  7  Geo.  IV.  c.  50,  s.  27.  The  jurymen  of  the 
London  sessions  are  summoned  by  a  precept  in  the  names 
of  the  justices  tested  by  the  Lord  Mayor;  one  panel  only 
is  for  the  grand  and  petty  juries,  from  which  twenty-three 
names  are  first  taken  by  ballot  for  the  grand  jury,  and 
twelve  others  for  the  petty  jury.  Blackstone's  Commen- 
taries by  Kerr,  iii.  388,  ed.  1857;  and  2nd  Beport  of 
Municipal  Corporations,  p.  135-3 

MIKOTZI.  —  Can  you,  or  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents, find  out  for  me  the  history  of  Mikotzi, 
a  Jewish  Rabbi,  mentioned  by  Bp.  Patrick  in 
his  Commentary  f  I  have  looked  into  the  usual 
sources  of  information,  the  biographical  diction- 
aries, into  Bartolocci,  Wolf,  and  Steinschneider, 
but  in  vain.  I  have  looked  also  into  Watt, 
Brunet,  the  Bodleian  Catalogue,  &c.,  but  in  vain. 
T.  SIMPSON  EVANS. 

Shoreditch. 

[A  full  account  of  Rabbi  Moses  ben  Rabbi  Jacobi 
Mihvtzi  may  be  seen  in  Bartolocci,  iv.  75,  et  seq.  There  is 
also  a  brief  notice  of  him  in  Joeher,  Gelehr ten- Lexicon, 
iii.  709.  Mikotzi  is  de  Cotzi,  i.  e.  of  Cozzo  in  Pied- 
mont.] 

THE  PRAYER  FOB  THE  HIGH  COURT  or  PAR- 
LIAMENT. —  In  Common  Prayer  Books  of  the  last 
century,  I  have  observed  that  the  words,  "our 
sovereign  and  his  kingdoms,"  are  used;  but  in 
the  more  modern  books,  we  pray  for  "  our  sove- 
reign and  her  dominions."  I  beg  to  inquire  at 
what  date  this  alteration  took  place,  and  by  what 
authority  it  was  effected  ?  W.  W.  S. 

[The  word  Dominions  was  substituted  for  Kingdoms  by 
an  Order  of  Council  of  January  1,  1801,  at  the  legislative 
Union  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland.] 

To  "BUZZ"  THE  BOTTLE. — A  call  to  finish  the 
contents  of  a  bottle,  before  refilling  it  with  wine, 
is  conveyed  by  the  term  to  "  buzz,"  and  in  some 
places  to  "buzzore"  or  "buzzoi"  it.  Whence 
comes  the  expression  ?  T. 

[It  was  conjectured  by  a  correspondent  in  our  I"1  S.  v. 
187,  that  Buzz  is  a  corruption  of  bouse,  or  booze,  to  drink 
to  excess.  In  Scotland  they  say  "  bouze  a',"  drink  all.] 

GIBBON. — There  is  a  passage  in  Gibbon's  JDe- 
cline  and  Fall,  commencing,  "  So  urgent  on  the 
vulgar  is  the  necessity  of  believing,"  &c.  Will 
any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  kindly  refer  me  to  the 
chapter  where  this  passage  is  to  be  found  ?  D. 

[The  entire  passage  reads:  "  So  urgent  on  the  vulgar 
is  the  necessity  of  believing,  that  the  fall  of  any  system 


of  mythology  will  most  probably  be  succeeded  by  the 
introduction  of  some  other  mode  of  superstition."  It 
occurs  towards  the  close  of  chap,  xv.'  In  the  one  volume 
edition  of  1830,  at  p.  199.] 


THE  KNIGHTS  HOSPITALLERS  OF  ST.  JOHN  OF 
JERUSALEM.* 

(3rd  S.  iv.  92.) 

I  was  in  hopes  that  this  discussion  would  have 
drawn  from  MAJOR  PORTER,  or  some  advocate  of 
the  pretensions  of  the  Langue,  a  detailed  explan- 
ation of  that  mysterious  proceeding — their  found- 
ation ;  with  the  names  of  those,  both  French  and 
Spanish,  who  assisted  at  and  confirmed  the  trans- 
action. The  Synoptical  Sketch  (p.  24)  mentions 
the  Count  de  Feuillasse  and  Chevalier  de  Chas- 
telain ;  neither  of  whom,  certainly,  are  on  the 
roll  of  the  French  Knights  of  Justice.  Mention, 
is  also  made  of  an  anonymous  "  Chancellor  of  the 
Gallic  Languages."  Besides  these,  we  have  heard 
the  name  of  the  "  Mandataire  General"  (whatever 
that  may  be),  whose  name  has  also  been  heard 
of  in  connection  with  certain  law  proceedings 
in  Paris  against  traffickers  in  spurious  orders, 
titles,  and  diplomas  of  various  kinds.  We  have 
also  the  name  of  the  "Agent  General"  employed 
by  the  soi-disant  Capitular  Commission,  in  the 
work  of  the  revival  of  the  Langue  :  to  wit,  a 
respectable  tailor  in  Waterloo  Place  (3rd  S.  iii. 
334).  fv  .  (CjO.- 

I  may  here  observe,  en  passant,  that  there  is  no 
mention  of  the  Langue  in  the  Chancellerie  of  the 
Order,  beyond  some  half-a-dozen  loose  sheets  of 
correspondence  in  1838,  and  again  in  1841  or 
1844;  an  abortive  effort  on  the  part  of  that  so- 
ciety to  obtain  some  notice  or  recognition  from 
the  S.  Council. 

With  regard  to  the  Languages  of  Spain,  which, 
we  are  told,  assisted  in  the  operation  of  reviving 
the  Langue  in  1826,  I  will  observe  that  there  are 
only  thirteen  Knights  of  Justice  of  the  old  Royal 
Spanish  Order  in  existence,  all  of  whose  names 
are  well  known  to  me. 

It  was  my  fortune,  some  few  years  ago,  and  since 
my  commissionership  expired,  to  be  the  medium 
of  communication  between  these  old  cavaliers  and 
the  S.  Council.  I  took  the  opportunity  to  in- 
quire of  one  of  them,  the  Marquis  d'A.  (chief 
of  the  illustrious  family  of  C.,  which  has  given 
two  Grand  Masters,  and  a  succession  of  gallant 
knights  to  the  Religion  for  centuries)  whether 
any  of  the  Spanish  Royal  Order  had  assisted  offi- 
cially in  the  restoration  of  a  Langue  in  England 
in  1826,  or  at  any  other  time. 

*  Concluded  from  "  N.  &  Q."  3rd  S.  iv.  191. 


s.  IV.  SEPT.  12,  '63.] 


213 


The  Marquis  d'A.  *  assured  me,  in  the  first 
place,  that  neither  he  nor  any  of  his  confreres  had, 
to  his  knowledge,  even  heard  of  a  Langue  of 
England ;  and  that,  in  the  next  place,  it  was  sim- 
ply impossible  that  any  of  their  body  could  have 
assisted,  legally,  at  such  a  proceeding  ;  for  to  have 
done  so,  they  must  first  have  secured  the  per- 
mission of  the  Council  of  the  Royal  Spanish 
Order,  which  could  not  have  been  conceded  with- 
out an  appeal  to  the  king,  and  that  the  king 
would  not  have  granted  the  necessary  powers 
without  some  preliminary  diplomatic  understand- 
ing with  the  ministers  of  England  and  France. 
So  that  we  may  conclude  that  the  assertion  is  as 
trustworthy  and  truthful  as  that  of  the  revival 
by  the  Grand  Prior,  Sir  Robert  Peat,  of  a  lapsed 
corporation,  by  an  oath  before  the  Lord  Chief 
Justice  Denman. 

I  have  heard,  by-the-way,  that  there  is  an 
entry  in  the  parochial  register  of  New  Brentford 
to  the  effect,  that  Sir  Robert  Peat  took  the  sacra- 
ment on  a  certain  day  in  the  parish  church,  in 
pursuance  of  the  Corporation  Laws  of  England, 
on  his  entering  upon  office  as  "  Lord  Grand  Prior 
of  the  Sixth,  or  English  Language,  of  the  Sover- 
eign Hospitaller  Order  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem  ;" 
which  act  was  attested  by  the  Rev.  the  curate, 
the  two  churchwardens,  and  the  parish  clerk! 
(Shades  of  L'Isle  Adam  and  La  Valette !)  Per- 
haps some  of  your  readers  can,  and  will,  verify  this 
queer  story. 

I  shall  not  remark  upon  the  rest  of  MAJOR 
PORTER'S  communication,  which  is  merely  a  re- 
petition of  the  statements  of  the  Syn.  Sketch ; 
nor  (beyond  a  reply  to  the  query  that  preludes 
that  attempt)  shall  I  offer  any  comment  upon  an 
attempt,  feeble  as  unworthy,  to  enlist  a  "  No  Po- 
pery "  prejudice  on  the  side  he  advocates. 

MAJOR  PORTER  asks  why  the  protest  against 
the  pretensions  of  the  Langue,  a  copy  of  which 
was  sent  to  you  by  SIR  GEORGE  BOWYER  (3rd  S. 
iii.  252),  had  not  been  issued  during  the  thirty 
previous  years  of  that  Langue's  existence  ? 

The  real  solution  of  this  problem  differs  some- 
what from  that  which  he  propounds. 

In  the  year  1858  or  1859  the  Langue  published 
a  re-issue  of  their  famous  Synoptical  Sketch,  and 
introduced  prominently  therein  a  list  of  their 
councillors  and  other  officebearers.  At  the  head 
of  this  list  they  placed  the  name  of  the  venerable 
Bali,  fra.  Philip  de  Colloredo,  as  Lieutenant  of 
the  Mastership  of  the  Sovereign  Order  of  St. 
John  of  Jerusalem ;  and  also  the  name  of  every 
member  of  the  S.  Council  of  the  order  that  had 

*  To  prove  how  little  the  Koyal  Spanish  Order  of  St. 
John  consider  themselves  a  branch  of  the  Knights  Hos- 
pitallers, or  their  Cross  anything  but  a  Spanish  decora- 
tion, this  venerable  Knight  petitioned  the  Lieutenant  of 
the  Mastership  to  be  received  into  the  real  Order,  and  I 
was  present  at  his  reception  in  1859. 


at  any  time  been  incidentally  mentioned  in  my 
official  correspondence  with  the  authorities  of  the 
Langue  as  their  commissioner,  thereby  leaving 
it,  to  be  implied,  with  the  characteristic  veracity 
of  that  pamphlet,  that  the  Langue  was  a  legiti- 
mate branch  of  the  Order  of  St.  John,  and,  as  such, 
recognised  by  the  Lieutenant  of  the  Mastership 
and  S.  Council  of  the  Order. 

This  cool  and  impudent  assertion  by  implica- 
tion of  what  was  the  very  reverse  of  truth,  coupled 
with  their  thirty  years'  previous  pretensions,  if 
left  uncontradicted,  might,  even  in  a  legal  point 
of  view,  have  amounted  to  a  virtual  acknowledge- 
ment on  the  part  of  the  Order  of  the  justice  of 
the  Langue's  pretensions  and  assertions.  Hence 
the  protest ;  and  MAJOR  PORTER  may  rest  as- 
sured that,  but  for  this  proceeding  on  the  part  of 
the  Langue,  no  such  protest  would  have  been  issued 
against  them  any  more  than  against  another  re- 
spectable society,  who,  like  the  Langue,  and  with 
about  equal  right,  style  themselves  "Knights  of 
St.  John  "  ;  who,  like  the  Langue  too,  meet  occa- 
sionally for  convivial  purposes  at  the  old  gate  of 
Clerkenwell ;  *  and  who,  like  the  Langue  again, 
have  issued  their  official  papers  and  circulars  from 
the  same  ancient  and  interesting  public-house. 

All  the  observations  of  ANTUIOAHIUS,  who  fol- 
lows in  the  wake  of  MAJOR  PORTER,  may  be  re- 
duced to  one  single  proposition,  viz.  that  at  present 
the  Order  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem  is  neither  so 
rich,  powerful,  nor  influential  as  it  was  one  hun- 
dred years  ago. 

The  fact  of  the  decadency  and  comparative 
insignificance  of  this  celebrated  confraternity,  for 
so  many  ages  the  pride  as  well  as  bulwark  of 
Christendom,  he  conceives  to  be  a  rare  good  joke, 
and  chuckles  over  the  idea  of  its  present  weakness 
in  the  spirit,  if  not  in  the  very  words  of  Melchise- 
dec  Gullcrammer,  regardless  of  the  just  rejoin- 
der:— 

"  Aye !  'tis  the  jest  at  which  fools  laugh  the  loudest, 

The  downfall  of  the  old  nobility." 
Well,  granted  that  it  is  shorn  of  its  power  and 
consequence,  nevertheless  it  is  the  true  andgenuine 
relic  of  what  was  once  so  grand  and  glorious ;  and 


*  In  the  Clerkenwell  News  of  the  last  week  of  June, 
1858,  is  a  long  account  of  a  banquet  held  in  honour  of  the 
great  day  of  the  patron  of  the  Order,  St.  John,  in  the 
tavern  of  the  Old  Gate  of  Clerkenwell,  at  which  a  very 
numerous  assembly  of  the  Langue  assisted ;  indeed,  if  I 
may  judge  of  the  importance  attached  to  this  banquet  by 
the  following  extract  of  a  letter  addressed  to  me  by  the 
"  Grand  Secretary,"  it  was  a  demonstration,  or  regular 
levee  de  bmicliers :  "  We  have  made  a  move  of  no  little 
significance,  as  regards  determination,  when  our  Execu-  JOT 
tive  Council  took  up  on  the  24th  ult.  a  position  in  the 
ruins  of  the  Priory  of  Clerkenwell,  and  unfurled  in  the 
face  of  Protestant  and  Catholic,  our  time-glorious  ensigns 
as  a  sovereign  fraternity.  By  this  step  we  have  given 
hostages  to  futurity,  that '  nulla  retrorsum  '  is  to  be  the 
motto  of  our  movement.  We  have  passed  the  Rubi- 
con," &c.  &c. 


214 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  SKPT.  12,  '63. 


its  governing  chief  is  acknowledged  to  be  the  legi- 
timate representative  of  the  D'Aubussons,  L'Isle 
Adams,  and  La  Valettes  of  other  times  by  every 
sovereign  court  in  Europe.  Even  the  laws  of 
England  admitted  that  fact,  as  a  perusal  of  the  case 
of  " Candida  v.  Moncorvo  "  will  demonstrate.  And 
here  let  me  ask  a  question  regarding  that  case  that 
touches  nearly  the  fanciful  pretensions  of  the 
Langue  to  be  considered  on  an  equality  with  what 
they  persist,  with  wilful  ignorance,  in  calling  the 
Italian  branch.  Perhaps  some  of  your  readers 
may  not  have  cognisance  of  this  case.  About  the 
year  1800,  a  Portuguese  commander  named  Cou- 
tinho  arrived  in  London,  having  in  his  possession 
moneys  of  the  Order  to  the  amount  of  2000?. 
Before  his  death  (which  occurred  soon  after  his 
arrival)  by  the  advice  of  the  Catholic  Vicar  Apos- 
tolic of  the  London  District,  he  deposited  the 
money  in  the  Bank  of  England  to  the  credit  of  the 
Order  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem.  Neither  prin- 
cipal nor  interest  of  this  deposit  having  been 
claimed,  it  had,  in  the  year  1840,  accumulated  to 
a  respectable  sum.  In  that  year,  the  S.  Council 
in  Rome,  being  informed  that  the  money  was  lying 
in  the  Bank  of  England  to  the  credit  of  the  Reli- 
gion, and  unclaimed,  made  the  necessary  legal 
demand  for  it.  Upon  proving  themselves  to  be 
the  representatives  of  the  Sovereign  Authority  of 
the  Order,  the  money  was  awarded,  and  paid  to 
them ;  not,  however,  without  a  fruitless  opposi- 
tion on  the  part  of  the  Baron  Moncorvo,  Portu- 
guese Minister  to  the  English  Court,  who  put  in 
a  counterclaim  to  the  money,  on  the  plea  that  the 
depositor  had  been  a  Portuguese  subject. 

Now,  my  question  is — Why  did  not  the  Langue 
seize  this  glorious  opportunity  of  asserting  their 
claim  to  be  considered  equal,  or  even  superior,  to 
the  S.  Council  in  Rome,  as  representative  of  the 
Order  of  St.  John?  But  no,  they  were  silent 
and  made  no  sign ;  but  allowed  their  rivals,  the 
Italian  branch,  as  they  call  them,  to  carry  off  the 
golden  prize.  Was  it  disinterested  modesty  on 
their  part  ?  or  a  consciousness  that  their  claim  to 
be  held  legitimate  was  of  too  delicate  and  fragile 
a  nature  to  abide  the  rough  sifting  of  a  court  of 
law? 

Having  trespassed  unconscionably  on  your  valu- 
able space,  I  will  now  conclude  at  once  and  for 
ever  by  apologising  to  AN  OBSERVER  for  not  reply- 
ing to  his  particular  query,  which,  in  my  opinion, 
is  only  calculated  to  draw  attention  away  from 
the  question  immediately  at  issue;  viz.  the  right 
of  the  Langue  to  be  considered  a  legitimate 
branch  of  the  Order  of  St.  John.  Perhaps  His- 
TORICDS,  who,  as  AN  OBSERVER  justly  opines,  is 
not  a  member  of  the  Order,  may  be  induced  to 
reply  to  the  difficulty  propounded.  J.  J.  W. 


LAWS  OF  LADRISTON. 
(3rd  S.  in.  486  ;  iv.  31,  76,  132.) 

Some  of  the  statements  made  by  A.  T.  LEE, 
touching  the  Laws  of  Lauriston,  are  incorrect 
In  the  first  place,  Margaret  Hay  did  not  marry 
James  McClennan,  as  A.  T.  LEE  asserts.  She 
married  Dr.  William  Carruthers  of  Dumfries, 
and  by  that  marriage  had  six  children,  viz.  James, 
Law,  Robert,  Henrietta,  Margaret,  and  Wingate. 
Wingate  Carruthers  married  George  McClennan, 
and  it  was  Wingate's  daughter  Margaret  who 
married  Captain  Lee,  R.N.  That  F.  J.  W.  Law 
took  the  estates  in  1808  because  his  brothers 
were  Roman  Catholics  could  not  be,  for  there  was 
no  law  to  hinder  Catholics  from  inheriting ;  and, 
in  fact,  John  Law,  who  did  inherit  the  estate,  was 
a  Catholic.  It  is  possible  that  F.  J.  W.  Law's 
elder  brothers,  being  then  in  the  service  of  France, 
and  we  being  at  the  time  at  war  with  France, 
they  might  be  looked  on  as  alien  enemies,  and 
be  thus,  whether  fairly  or  unfairly,  passed  over  in 
1808.  But  this  reason  did  not  exist  in  1828,  and 
then  the  Marquis  of  Lauriston  was  the  real  heir, 
and  should  have  been  summoned,  as,  on  an  act  of 
naturalisation,  which  he  could  have  easily  got, 
he  could  have  held  the  property.  Instead  of  this, 
Francis  J.  W.  Law,  the  last  who  held  the  Lauris- 
ton estates,  was  unfortunately,  in  his  old  age,  led 
into  a  wrong  belief  regarding  the  pedigree,  and 
induced  to  allow  the  questionable  sale  of  the 
Lauriston  estate,  and  the  division  of  the  proceeds 
in  1828. 

It  should  be  observed  that  the  late  George 
Edmund  Carruthers,  Esq.,  son  of  the  above- 
named  Robert  Carruthers,  and  grandson  of  Mar- 
garet Hay,  reluctantly  and  doubtfully  took  the 
sum  allotted  to  him  (five  hundred  pounds)  from 
the  estate;  but  he  refused  to  sign  the  indem- 
nity which  was  sought  to  be  imposed  on  those 
who  shared  in  the  division.  The  whole  affair  is 
still  a  question  for  the  present  Marquis  of  Lauris- 
ton. E.  M.  C. 

As  to  J.  M.'s  remarks  against  the  statements 
of  the  great  John  Law's  father  being  a  banker, 
his  mother  being  of  the  house  of  Argyle,  and 
his  seat,  Lauriston,  being  an  important  estate, 
I  would  call  attention  to  the  following,  extracted 
from  the  History,  or  Ancient  and  Modern  State  of 
Cramond :  — 

"  William  Law  (John  Law's  father)  settled  at  Edin- 
burgh, where  he  followed  the  profession  of  a  goldsmith — 
a  business  at  that  time  partaking  more  of  the  nature  of  a 
banker's  than  of  that  to  which  the  name  is  now  properly 
restricted — with  such  success  as  to  be  thereby  enabled  in 
1683  to  make  purchase  of  Lauriston.  .  .  .  "He  married 
Miss  Jean  Campbell,  descended  from  the  noble  house  of 
Argyle." 

Again,  the  History  of  Cramond  devotes  four 
pages  to  the  records  and  description  of  the  seat 


3"»  S.  IV.  SEPT.  12,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES 


215 


and  lands  of  Lauriston,  and  gives  a  view  of  the 
castle  :  — 

"  The  lands  of  Lauriston,"  says,  in  1794,  the  writer  of 
the  History,  "  lie  immediately  to  the  west  of  the  Barony 
of  Muirhouse,  and  rise  by  gradual  ascent  from  the  banks 
of  the  Forth.  On  the  summit  of  this  ascent  stands  the 
Castle  of  Lauriston,  commanding,  from  its  elevated  situ- 
ation, an  extensive  prospect,  especially  of  the  sea  and 
the  coast  of  Fife.  The  castle  appears  to  have  been  erected 
towards  the  end  of  the  16th  century." 

This,  and  his  own  account  of  their  subsequent 
splendour,  hardly  agree  with  J.  M.'s  depreciation 
of  the  estate  and  Castle  of  Lauriston.  A. 


Your  correspondent  J.  M.  asks,  "  Where  there 
is  proof  of  relationship  between  Jean  Campbell, 
John  Law's  mother,  and  the  Campbell  family  ?  " 
Will  J.  M.  be  pleased  to  weigh  the  value  of  these 
illustrations  of  the  case: — In  1705  John  Law 
came  home  to  Scotland  rich  from  the  gaming 
tables  of  all  the  continent.  He  was  safe  in  Edin- 
burgh from  the  judgment  still  in  force  against 
him  in  England  for  killing  Beau  Wilson,  who 
forced  him  to  fight.  His  petition  for  a  pardon  is 
preserved  in  the  public  Record  Office  (Q.  Anne, 
Domestic,  1708,  or  6).  In  1705  he  tried  hard  to 
to  carry  his  paper-money  scheme  through  the 
Scottish  parliament.  It  was  rejected;  but  the 
Campbell  voted  for  it,  with  some  other  Whigs.  The 
tracts  on  the  subject  (2)  are  in  the  Advocates' 
Library  in  Edinburgh.  They  are  subtle  abridg- 
ments of  his  Money  and  Trade,  published  in  1705. 
He  was  defeated  mainly  by  the  efforts  of  Bank 
of  England  Paterson,  always  a  powerful  opponent 
to  bubbles. 

Again,  in  1720,  after  Law's  fatal  success  in  the 
Mississippi  bubble,  he  succeeded  by  the  folly  and 
knavery  of  his  imitators  in  London,  the  Blounts, 
the  Craggs,  &c.  &c.  His  great  supporter  then 
was  Lord  Islay,  a  Campbell,  who  wrote  an  intro- 
duction to  a  new  edition  of  his  works,  published 
in  London  in  1720.  Moreover,  another  Campbell 
was  Lord  Provost  of  Edinburgh,  when  the  "  gude 
town  "  voted  Law  the  freedom  of  the  city,  for 
which  he  snubbed  them  in  a  French  letter,  written 
nine  months  after  the  compliment  was  so  rashly 
paid  to  John  Law.  The  records  of  the  city  of 
Edinburgh  are  full  of  instructive  papers  on  this 
South  Sea  business.  William  Paterson  was  not 
living  to  expose  the  hollowness  of  Law's  paper 
schemes.  J.  M.  could  not  do  a  better  thing  for 
the  cause  of  truth  than  to  have  those  money  re- 
cords of  Scotland  published. 

SEARCHER  FOB  THE  TBUTH. 


FAST. 

(3rd  S.  iv.  110,  158.) 

MB.  BCCKTON  would  have  done  well,  I  think, 
before  speculating  upon  the  Celtic  origin  of  fast— 


swift,  to  assure  himself  that  ffest,  the  Welsh  word 
he  gives,  really  was  a  Welsh  word.  Now  I  find  in 
my  Welsh  dictionary,  ffest*,  f&st>tffestin,  of  active 
n&ture^estinio,  ffestu,  to  hasten,  words,  of  which 
two  at  least  bear  such  a  very  suspicious  re- 
semblance tofestinus  and  festino,  that  it  seems  to 
me  at  least  as  probable  that  the  Welsh  borrowed 
them  from  the  Latin,  as  that  accidentally  very 
similar  words  have  very  similar  meanings  in  the 
two  languages.  Welsh  is  a  very  old  language,  no 
doubt,  but,  like  many  very  old  languages,  it  is 
quite  insufficient  for  modern  requirements,  and 
has  therefore  been  obliged  to  borrow,  and  I  ex- 
pect that  it  has  borrowed  from  English  and  other 
languages  quite  as  much  as  it  has  given  to  them. 
Thus,  in  the  same  page  as  ffest,  I  find  ffenestr, 
window,  jffiggs,  figs,  jfin,  boundary,  fflam,  flame, 
ffoc,  fire-place,  focus.  I  do  not  wish  to  say  that 
all,  or  any  of,  these  words  are  borrowed,  for  they 
may  have  had  a  common  origin,  still  I  should  be 
sorry  to  quote  them  as  pure  Welsh.  But,  with 
regard  to  fast,  there  was  no  occasion,  in  the  first 
instance  at  least,  to  appeal  to  Welsh,  for  in  Ice- 
landic and  Danish  fast  =  both  firm  and  swift, 
whilst  it  may  be  questioned  whether  the  German 
fast,  almost,  did  not  originally  mean  quickly, 
though  Grimm  refers  it  to  fest,  and  comp.  the 
Jj&t.firmus  &ndferme. 

Wedgwood  considers  fast  in  its  three  meanings 
of  firm,  swift,^  abstinence  from  food,  to  be  but  one 
word,  and  I  think  his  suggestion  reasonable,  as  it 
occurred  to  me  independently.  Fast=firm,  solid, 
unbroken,  uninterrupted,  and  hence  we  readily  obtain 
the  meaning  of '.  rapid  in  succession,  and  then  that 
of  rapid  in  motion.  Comp.  the  Lat.  continuo,  imme- 
diately (which  itself  means  with  nothing  between), 
uninterruptedly,  with  our  continent  (Germ.  FEST- 
land).  So  the  Fr.  presse,  in  a  hurry,  de  suite,  lit. 
in  (uninterrupted)  succession  =  immediately.  Comp. 
also  d  batons  rompus,  by  fits  and  starts,  interrupt- 
edly. Still  the  notion  of  rapidity  may  naturally 
also  be  borrowed  from  the  opposite  idea  of  loose- 
ness, want  of  connection,  (sudden)  separation,  as  in 
the  Fr.  incontinent,  immediately,  the  Germ,  auf 
einen,  i&sgehen,  Losspringen,  losschiessen,  to  rush 
upon  any  one.  And  so  a  fast  man  is  about  equi- 
valent to  a  loose  fish.  See  my  note  on  club, 
"  N.  &  Q."  3rd  S.  i.  294. 

Again,  when  one  fasts,  abstains  from  food,  one 
merely  practises  continence,  one  holds  oneself  in, 
holds  fast,  restrains,  one's  appetite.  Comp.  the 
Germ,  fassen,  to  hold,  and  the  Goth,  fastan,  to 
hold,  keep  fast,  and  to  fast.  F.  CHANCE. 


*  In  Breton  fest  also  =  fast.  We  may,  perhaps,  ( ?) 
comp.  the  Fr.  vite,  Old  Fr.  viste. 

f  In  Mid.  Lat  I  Gndfaste  =  stalim  (or  con/esdm),  and 
do  not  statim  and  instantly  come  from  stare,  a  verb  which 
certainly  commonly  denotes  firmness  ?  and  do  not  con- 
tinually and  constantly  denote  uninterrupted  motion? 
3omp.  too  illico  (in  loco)  and  on  the  spot,  sur  le  champ. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"»  S.  IV.  SEPT.  12,  '03. 


J.  D.  CAMPBELL  will  find  in  Sherwood's  English- 
French  Dictionary,  printed  with  Cotgrave,  1660. 
Fast,  ferme,  stable,  fixe;  aussi,  viste,  vistement. 

JANNOC. 


GREEK  PRONUNCIATION  (3rd  S.  iv.  147.)  —  The 
term  aspirate,  although  sanctioned  by  the  highest 
authorities,  is  not  the  best  representative  of  Scwre'o, 
rough,  as  applied  to  <p,  x,  and  0,  in  opposition  to 
ifuAa,  smooth,  as  applied  to  IT,  K,  and  T.  In  modern 
Greek  <j>  is  f,  x  is  the  German  ch,  and  6  is  the 
English  th  in  think,  theme  (Burnouf,  2 ;  Macri, 
17-20).  With  respect  to  ancient  Greek,  a  com- 
parison of  proper  names  with  Hebrew  will  furnish 
the  sound  of  these  letters ;  take  for  example  the 
names  of  those  in  most  common  use,  as  Japheth  = 
'ld<j>eG,  Ham  =  Xfyt,  in  Hebrew  DPI  where  the  sound 
of  n  is  the  Greek  x,  as  heard  in  the  Scotch  lock, 
in  the  Welsh  sack,  or  the  Spanish  j  in  Gijon.  It 
is  certainly  not  the  hh  in  brichhouse,  which  is  only 
an  approximate  sound.  Seth  =  2/)0,  Ruth  ='Pou0, 
Jericho  =  'leptx<i>.  The  Hebrew  3  is  also  repre- 
sented by  x  in  Lamech  (A<£/uex),  and  Canaan  (Xo- 
vcuSu>).  The  relation  of  th  to  t,  and  of  ph  to  p,  is 
shown  in  Hebrew  by  inserting  a  dot,  as  n  th  be- 
comes F\  t,  and  Q  ph  becomes  3  p,  by  means  of 
this  diacritical  point.*  In  Arabic,  letters  of  one 
organ  are  sometimes  merely  distinguished  by  a 

point.  The  <p  in  Greek  is  the  Arabic  i  ;  it  has  no 
p,  but  in  Persian  and  Turkish  the  p  is  represented 
by  adding  two  dots  to  the  Arabic  b  j ,  thus  i  . 

•  v 

The  t  'j  ,  is  distinguished  from  th  by  one  more  dot, 
thus  5 ;  whilst  the  rough  h  is  in  Arabic  ;>- ,  the 
German  ch  is  rL  with  one  dot  above,  and  our  j  is 
p>-  with  one  dot  below.  The  Penny  Cyclopaedia 

(art.  "Alphabet,"  i.  379,  380),  gives  diagrams  of 
the  relations  of  the  alphabetical  letters  according 
to  their  organic  pronunciation,  with  special  refer- 
ence to  <t>,  Xi  aid  Q.  The  sounds  represented  by 
X  and  0  were  unknown  to  the  Romans,  as  they  are 
to  the  Italians  and  French,  but  Fabius  was  written 
in  Greek  $d€io$,  Furius  $ou/>to?,  Flaminius  &\a/j.ivios, 
Fulvius  <&o\ovios.  The  geographical  words  Bithynia 
~Bi6wla,  Thyatira  Qvarfipa,  Philadelphia  3>jA.a5e'A(£eia, 
Ephesus  "Etyfffos,  Phrygia  <bpiryia,  Pamphylia  Flaju- 
<j>v\ia,  Thrace  ©pewo?,  Corinth  K6piv6os,  will  suffice 
to  show  the  traditional  pronunciation  of  (p  and  6, 
whilst  that  of  %  is  imperfectly  preserved  in  chronos, 
Chios,  chaos,  chasm,  chorus,  chrysm,  &c.,  it  being 
foreign  to  the  English.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

There  is  no  reason  to  suppose  that  the  modern 
Greeks  have  abandoned  the  ancient  pronunciation 

*  It  is  singular  that  the  right  pronunciation  of  fl  th  lias 
been  lost  both  by  the  German  and  Spanish  Jews,  the  j 
former  using  s  and  the  latter  t. 


of  either  x>  <£>  or  6.  The  first  is  stronger  than  an 
aspirate,  it  is  a  guttural ;  neither  is  <f>  nor  6  aspi- 
rated, but  simply  pronounced  as  the  English./  and 
th  (in  thin).  The  Greeks  give  to  the  0  the  sound 
of  our  th,  in  that ;  and  there  is  good  reason  to 
believe  this  was  the  old  classical  pronunciation. 

J.  B. 

LORD  HIGH  TREASURER  or  ENGLAND  (3rd  S. 
iv.  168.)  —  This  office  has  not  been  held  by  a 
single  individual  since  the  beginning  of  the  reijjn 
of  George  I.,  its  duties  having  been  invariably 
executed  by  Lords  Commissioners,  the  number  of 
whom  at  present  is  five.  In  the  previous  reigns, 
beginning  in  that  of  James  I.,  commissioners  were 
also  frequently  appointed ;  indeed,  there  were 
very  few  Lord  Treasurers,  the  last  two  of  whom 
were  Harley,  Earl  of  Oxford,  and  Charles,  Duke 
of  Shrewsbury,  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Anne.  The 
first  Lord  Commissioner  is  always  the  Prime 
Minister.  If  a  peer,  the  second  Commissioner  is 
the  Chancellor  and  Under-Treasurer  of  the  Ex- 
chequer. If  the  first  Commissioner  is  a  com- 
moner, he  till  this  reign  held  the  office  of  Chan- 
cellor of  the  Exchequer  also,  as  Sir  Robert  Wai- 
pole,  William  Pitt,  George  Canning,  and  Sir 
Robert  Peel ;  but  since  the  accession  of  the  pre- 
sent Queen,  the  office  of  Chancellor  of  the  Ex- 
chequer has  always  been  separated  from  that  of 
the  Prime  Minister,  whether  noble  or  commoner ; 
Sir  Robert  Peel,  in  his  administration  of  1841, 
setting  the  example. 

The  Lord  Treasurer  was  formerly  the  Chief 
Judge  of  the  Court  of  Exchequer,  and  would 
be  now  if  that  office  was  revived  ;  but  the  Chan- 
cellor of  the  Exchequer  is  now  the  Chief  Judge 
on  the  equity  side  of  the  Court.  On  the  day  of 
his  being  sworn  into  office,  he  takes  his  seat  on 
the  Bench,  and  some  motion  of  course  is  made 
before  him.  He  has  even  been  called  upon  occa- 
sionally to  exercise  his  judicial  powers.  In  1732 
Sir  Robert  Walpole  actually  heard  a  cause,  in 
which  Chief  Baron  Reynolds  and  Baron  Comyns 
were  of  one  opinion,  and  Barons  Carter  and 
Thompson  were  of  the  contrary,  and  gave  hia  de- 
cision in  a  learned  speech.  Again,  in  1735,  an 
equal  division  of  the  ordinary  Court  obliged  him 
to  pursue  the  same  course.  EDWARD  Foss. 

SCOTT'S  "LAY  OF  THE  LAST  MINSTREL"  (3rd  S. 
iv.  163.) — In  justice  to  the  memory  of  Sir  Walter 
Scott,  I  would  wish  to  say  that  the  errors  com- 
plained of  by  your  correspondent,  MR.  JOHN  HEN- 
NING,  in  the  text  and  punctuation  of  the  little 
Latin  poem  by  John  Jonston,  quoted  in  the  fifth 
note  to  the  first  canto  of  The  Lay  of  the  Last 
Minstrel,  are  altogether  those  of  the  printer. 
There  is  now  lying  before  me  the  sixth  edition  of 
the  Lay  (Longman,  1807,  8vo),  in  which,  at  p.  223, 
Jonson's  lines  appear  correctly  printed,  with  the 
exception  of  two  errors  in  the  punctuation.  W. 


3'd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  12,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


217 


THE  BALMORAL  "  MEMORIAL  CAIRN  "  (3rd  S.  iv 
45.) — There  is  a  curious  resemblance  between  th 
appropriate  quotation  from  the  Wisdom  of  Solo 
mon  on  this  monument,  and  the  inscription  on  thi 
tomb  in  Pere  la  Chaise  of  Clementine  Cuvier,  onlj 
daughter  of  the  eminent  naturalist,  who  is  also 
interred  in  the  same  grave.  I  copied  it  a  few 
years  ago,  and  now  perhaps  it  may  interest  some 
of  your  readers.  Mdlle.  Cuvier  was  a  lady  of  the 
very  highest  accomplishments,  and  died  Sept.  28 
1828,  aged  22  :  — 

"  Ayant  peu  vecu  sur  la  terre  elle  y  a  rempli  la  course 
d'une  longue  vie,  car  son  ame  etait  agreable  a  Dieu." 

W.  H.  WILLS. 

I    KNOW    NO    MORE    THAN    THE    POPE  (3rd   S.  iii 

470,  517.)  — Whence  I  got  it  I  do  not  remember  ; 
but  for  more  than  thirty  years  I  have  taken  this 
phrase  to  be  a  corruption  of  "I  know  no  more 
than  of  the  Pope."  Such  a  disavowal  might  very 
well  become  a  proverb  at  the  time  when  the  know- 
ledge was  not  a  very  safe  acquisition. 

A.  DE  MORGAN. 

THEODOLITE  (3rd  S.  iv.  51.)  —  I  would  suggest, 
with  diffidence,  to  PROFESSOR  DE  MORGAN,  that 
the  first  syllable  of  this  word  may  be  only  the  de- 
finite article.  The  passage  he  cites  from  the  Pan- 
tometria,  "instrument  called  Theodelitus,"  ought 
perhaps  to  have  been  printed  "  instrument  called 
the  Odelitus."  Or  Thomas  Digges  may  have  been 
misled  by  such  a  mistake  occurring  in  a  previous 
book  or  manuscript.  The  transition  from  alhidada 
to  odelitus  is  very  intelligible.  A  similar  merger 
of  the  article  in  the  word  occurs  (though  in  two 
different  languages)  when  people  speak  of  "  the 
Alcoran,"  "  the  Alhambra,"  &c.  Is  the  first  syl- 
lable in  alhidada  the  Arabic  article  ?  And  is  the 
original  name  of  the  instrument  hidada  ? 

STYLITES. 

BOCKART,  OR  BOSHART  (3rd  S.  iv.  109,  157.)  — 
A  reference  to  my  communication,  "  Samuel  Bo- 
chart,"  in  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  xii.  89,  will  explain 
to  your  correspondent  H.  B.  my  authority  for 
supposing  that  the  ch  in  Bochart's  name  was  pro- 
nounced hard.  In  the  little  book  therein  alluded 
to,  Bochart  has  written  his  name  in  Hebrew 
characters,  with  the  hard  guttural  n,  thus, — 
P'nn'Q  ?N-1DK>.  Had  he  pronounced  the  ch  as  in 
French,  would  he  not  have  written  it  with  {?,  sh  ? 

THOMAS  H.  CHOMEK. 

Wakefield. 

COATBRIDGE  I      STRANGE     PRODUCTION     FROM     A 

BLAST  FURNACE  (3rd  S.  iv.  146.)  — A  specimen  of 
spun  glass  was  some  years  ago  given  to  me  as 
taken  from  a  furnace  in  Staffordshire.  I  suspect 
the  strange  production  alluded  to,  though  looking 
like  flakes  of  cotton,  may  be  fine  spun  glass.  Such 
substances,  I  apprehend,  are  produced  by  the  hot 


gases  in  the  interior  of  the  furnace  blowing  the 
vitreous  and  vitrified  slag  through  orifices,  whilst 
in  a  highly  molten  state.  P.  HUTCHINSON. 

EPIGRAM  (3rd  S.  iv.  174.)  —  The  epigram,  as 
given  to  me,  was  as  follows :  7- 

"  Then  ridden !  tbat  can  never  be, 

By  prophet,  or  by  priest ; 
Balaam  is  dead,  and  none  but  he 
Would  choose  thee  for  his  beast." 

There  is  a  little  variation  between  this  and  the 
one  kindly  sent  by  PROFESSOR  DE  MORGAN.  My 
correspondent  said  that  "  when  Lord  John  Rus- 
sell lost  his  seat  for  Devonshire,  in  a  very  angry 
speech,  he  ascribed  it  to  the  clergy,  and  said  he 
would  never  be  priest-ridden,  which  speech  pro- 
duced the  epigram."  I  am  still  to  seek  both  as  to 
its  author  and  date.  J.  BOOTH. 

Bromyard. 

JOHN  LOCKE,  THE  PHILOSOPHER  (3rd  S.  iv.  146.) 
It  fell  to  my  lot  many  years  since  to  make  out  a 
genealogy  of  the  Locke  family.  My  notes  on  the 
subject  are  lost  or  mislaid,  but  I  would  refer  your 
correspondent  to  an  article  in  the  Gentleman's 
Magazine  for  Sept.  1792,  respecting  "the  judici- 
ous Mr.  John  Locke,  the  great  metaphysician  and 
philosopher."  His  father,  Captain  John  Locke, 
fell  at  the  siege  of  Bristol  in  1645.  J.  L. 

Dublin. 

POTWALLOPING    FRANCHISE    (3rd  S.  IV.  168.)  — * 

The  case  of  Taunton  referred  to  by  Defoe  will  be 
found  in  Douglas's  Reports,  i.  p.  371,  and  the  right 
of  election  was  "  in  the  inhabitants  within  the  said 
borough,  being  potwallers,  and  not  receiving  alms 
or  charity ; "  and  it  was  agreed  before  the  com- 
mittee, that  a  potwaller  is  a  person  "  who  furnishes 
his  own  diet,  whether  he  be  a  householder  or  only 
a  lodger ;  but  it  is  necessary  that  such  potwaller 
have  a  legal  parochial  settlement  in  the  borough." 
It  was  doubtful  whether  apprentices  would  come 
under  the  designation  and  have  a  right  to  vote. 
The  same  franchise  was  at  Honiton  and  Ilchester. 
Where  the  town  was  not  disfranchised,  the  right 
still  exists  in  favour  of  all  voters  who  were^  en- 
titled on  June  7,  1832,  and  have  not  been  omitted 
from  the  registry  (except  on  account  of  relief )  for 
two  years  in  succession.  The  right  of  voting  at  • 
Preston  was  in  "  all  the  inhabitants."  _  The  par- 
ticular potwalling  franchise  was  not  specified  in  any 
act  of  parliament  or  charter.  To  prevent  occa- 
sional voters,  the  act  of  26  Geo.  III.  c.  100,  re- 
quired potwallers  like  householders  to  have  an- 
swered the  description  for  six  calendar  months 
previous  to  the  day  of  election. 

WM.  DUURANT  COOPER. 

I  am  aware  that  persons  enjoying  this  franchise 
lave  been  called  "  Potwallopers,"  but  it  is  an 
rror.  The  true  name  is  "  Potwallers,"  and  sig- 
ifies  a  person  who  occupies  a  room  in  which  is  a 


218 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8»«  S.  IV.  SEPT.  12,  '63. 


pot-wall ;  namely,  a  wall  containing  a  chimney, 
affording  a  convenience  for  cooking  his  victuals. 

J.  G. 

T.  B.  is  under  a  singular  mistake  in  referring 
to  an  universal  franchise  in  Greenock.  Previ- 
ously to  the  enactment  of  the  Scottish  Reform 
Statute,  2  Will.  IV.  c.  65.  Royal  burghs  only 
had  any  share  in  returning  Scottish  representa- 
tives to  Parliament,  and  Greenock  neither  is  nor 
ever  was  one  of  them.  By  that  statute  it  first 
acquired  the  right  —  a  member  being  given  to  it 
exclusively ;  but  no  distinction  was  made  as  to 
electors  between  it  and  other  towns,  these  being 
occupants  of  houses  worth  10Z.  a-year.  G. 

Edinburgh. 

PETER  PAUL  RUBENS  (3rd  S.  iv.  169.)  —  Rubens 
was  knighted  by  Charles  I.  of  England,  but  never 
received  the  Order  of  the  Golden  Fleece.  As  far 
as  I  remember,  the  escutcheon  on  the  stone  which 
covers  his  grave,  in  the  church  of  St.  Jacques  at 
Antwerp,  is  not  ornamented  with  the  badge  of 
any  order  of  knighthood  whatever. 

JOHN  WOODWARD. 

New  Shoreham. 

"  THE  INTREPID  MAGAZINE  "  (3rd  S.  iv.  1 10.) — 
The  Intrepid  Magazine  was  projected  by  John 
Fazakerly,  Esq.,  the  celebrated  collector  of  the 
writings  by  modern  Latin  poets ;  whose  library 
was  sold  by  Mr.  King,  Jun.,  at  No.  36,  Tavistock 
Street,  Covent  Garden,  Feb.  9,  1801,  and  nine 
following  days,  the  entire  collection  realising 
only  3751.  10*.  7$rf.  Mr.  Fazakerly,  who  died 
in  May,  1796,  at  Prescot  in  Lancashire,  printed 
privately  Poemata  Varia  in  1781  ;  the  original 
(or  his  own)  portion  of  which  was  remarkable 
for  violent  invective  against  King  George  III. 
and  his  minister  Lord  North.  The  Intrepid 
Magazine  alluded  to  is  a  work  also  violent  in 
its  contents,  and  which  its  title  fully  justifies; 
it  proceeded  no  further  than  the  first  volume. 
The  volume,  besides  the  engraving  named  in  your 
Note,  should  also  contain  another  etching  of  the 
first  John  Stockdale  (or  "  Lying  Jack,"  as  he  was 
termed  on  another  large  etching),  when  "  at  his 
devotions"  before  the  magistrates  for  infringe- 
ment of  copyright.  T.  L. 

SERMON  AGAINST  VACCINATION  (3rd  S.  iii.  350 ; 
iv.  160.) — The  answer  given  is  scarcely  to  the 
point.  The  Query  relates  to  vaccination,  intro- 
duced by  Dr.  Jenner  in  1798.  The  answer  to 
inoculation,  brought  into  England  by  Lady  Mary 
Wortley  Montagu,  about  1720. 

The  objection  to  vaccination  is  founded  on  the 
introduction,  into  the  human  constitution,  of  a 
disorder  incident  to  one  of  the  lower  animals. 
The  objection  to  inoculation  was,  that  it  was  a  pre- 
sumptuous interference  with  the  ordinary  course 
of  nature,  and  implied  a  distrust  of  God's  provi 
dence.  T.  C. 


MAGICAL  CRYSTALS  OR  MIRRORS  (3rd  S.  iv. 
108,  155.)— In  Sir  Henry  Ellis's  Original  Letters 
(Third  Series,  vol.  iii.  p.  41,  Letter  268),  is  a 
etter  from  "  the  Abbot  of  Abingdon  to  Secretary 
Dromwell,"  under  Henry  VIII. ;  "  that  he  had 
taken  a  Priest  into  custody,  who  travelled  about 
practising  Conjuration"  :  — 

"  Right  honorable  and  my  verv  singuler  good  Maister, 
in  my  mooste  humble  wyse  I  comende  me  unto  you.  It 
shall"  please  your  Maistership  to  be  advertesed  that  my 
Officers  have  taken  here  a  Preyste,  a  suspecte  parson ; 
and  with  hym  certeyn  bokes  of  conjuracions,  in  the 
whiche  ys  conteyned  many  conclusions  of  that  worke ;  as 
fynding  out  of  tresure  hydde,  consecrating  of  ryngs  with 
stones  in  theym,  and  consecrating  of  a  christal  stone 
wherein  a  chylde  shall  lokke,  and  se  many  thyngs." 

T.  C. 

Durham. 

NUMISMATIC  QUERIES  (3rd  S.  iv.  28.)  —Under 
this  head,  HERMENTRUDE  asks  for  some  informa- 
tion which  I  am  unable  to  give  ;  but  I  write  to  ask 
what  the  piece  marked  (b)  in  her  Query,  and  a 
similar  piece  I  am  about  to  describe,  really  were  ? 
My  own  impression  is,  that  they  were  medals 
provided  at  certain  places  where  the  Virgin  was 
held  in  special  veneration. 

One  side  bears  in  the  margin  twelve  stars  in 
four  groups  of  three  each,  and  a  lily  between  each 
row  of  three.  In  the  field  there  are  four  lilies 
joined  to  as  many  curves,  turned  inward.  Among 
these  are  five  stars  thus,  *  *  * :  so  that  two  rows 
of  three  each  are  formed.  No  letters  of  any  kind. 
The  other  side  bears  in  the  centre  a  peculiarly 
formed  crown,  with  lilies  at  the  top ;  and  upon 
the  front,  the  word  AVE  in  mediaeval  or  Gothic 
characters.  A  ring  surrounds  the  crown ;  and  the 
legend,  begun  in  the  centre,  is  given  more  at 
length  in  the  margin  in  similar  characters :  — 

"    +  AVE  :  MARIA  :  GRASIA*  :  PLENA  :  DN." 

"  Hail  Mary,  full  of  grace,  the  Lord." 

There  was  not  room  for  the  tecum,  which  may, 
therefore,  have  been  left  out. 

The  peculiar  excellence  of  the  design  and  work- 
manship of  my  medal  makes  me  wish  to  know  its 
probable  source.  Where,  and  when  made?  It 
is  of  thin  brass,  in  good  preservation,  and  a  trifle 
larger  than  one  of  our  last  invented  halfpence. 

A  few  words  about  these  ecclesiastical  medals 
or  tokens  in  "  N.  &  Q."  might  do  good,  and  I  am 
glad  HEHMENTRUDE  has  given  me  an  occasion  for 
this  remark.  I  hope  some  numismatist  will  an- 
swer her  Queries — and  mine.  B.  H.  C. 

PROVERB  (3ra  S.  iv.  87.)  — There  is  no  neces- 
sity for  a  reference  to  Phsedrus  to  show  that  the 
will  of  the  driver  and  the  driven  are  ever  at 
variance.  The  proverb  quoted  by  SCHIN  as  simi- 
lar is  so  only  in  appearance;  as  a  reference  to 
Suidas  will  show  that  it  is  applied  to  those  whose 

*   Grasia,  so  spelled. 


3^  S.  IV.  SEPT.  12,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


219 


words  and  deeds  are  at  variance.  Lakon,  or 
Leucon,  was  a  producer  of  honey,  who  tried  to 
cheat  the  custom-house  officers  by  covering  the 
honey  up  with  barley ;  but  the  ass  which  bore  the 
contraband  article,  having  tumbled  down,  gave 
in  its  fall  a  different  version  of  the  affair  from  its 
master. 

The  only  really  analogous  Greek  proverb  which 
I  know  is  this :  — 
"  "AAA.OJ  ptv  ftov\al  av6p(airui>,  &\\a  5e  0«2>s  Ke\fvei" 

I  hope  DR.  BELL,  will  excuse  me  if  I  say  that  I 
do  not  see  the  connection  between  his  Reply  and 
my  Query ;  the  object  of  which  is  to  ascertain  if 
there  be  any  connecting  link  between  a  Greek  and 
an  old  French  proverb  ?  J.  ELIOT  HODGKIN. 

GEOKGE  BELLAS  (3rd  S.  iv.  146.) — There  was  a 
Robert  Bellas,  surgeon,  R.N.,  appointed  1748  ; 
living  and  serving  in  1762.  JAMES  KNOWLES. 

NOBLE  PHYSICIAN  (3rd  S.  iii.  458.)  —  Charles 
Ross  Fleming,  M.D.,  Earl  of  Wigton,  received 
his  warrant  as  surgeon  in  the  Royal  Navy,  July 
27,  1760.  He  was  serving  in  1762. 

JAMES  KNOWLES. 

CLOUDBERRY  (3rd  S.  iii.  512 ;  iv.  39,  178.)  — 
Miller  says  the  mountain  bramble  (Chamcemorus) 
was  named,  from  its  exalted  position,  cloudberry ; 
and  that  it  is  also  called  knot-berry,  or  knout- 
berry.  The  name  might,  with  equal  propriety, 
be  applied  to  the  wild  strawberry  and  wild  rasp- 
berry ;  both  of  which  I  have  often  met  with  close 
upon  the  snow  line.  R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 

BILLS  OF  MORTALITY  (3rd  S.  iv.  63,  166.)— The 
Bills  of  Mortality  contain  ninety-seven  parishes 
within  the  walls,  seventeen  without  the  walls, 
twenty-four  out  parishes,  in  Middlesex  and  Sur- 
rey; and  ten  parishes  in  Westminster.  W.  P. 
may  purchase  the  weekly  bill,  with  the  names  of 
all  the  parishes,  at  .the  Hall,  in  Wood  Street, 
Cheapside,  of  the  Associated  Company  of  Parish 
Clerks  of  London.  JAMES  KNOWLES. 

Your  correspondent  W.  P.  will  find  copies  of 
these  bills  from  1657  to  1758,  and  for  1823  ar,d  1825, 
in  the  library  of  the  corporation  of  London,  with 
the  names  of  the  parishes.  They  included  the  city 
of  London,  the  city  and  liberties  of  Westminster, 
the  borough  of  Southwark,  and  thirty-four  out- 
parishes  in  Middlesex  and  Surrey ;  but  St.  Luke's, 
Chelsea,  Kensington,  St.  Marylebone,  St.  Pancras, 
and  Paddington,  part  of  the  metropolis,  were  not 
included.  W.  D.  C. 

SERJEANTS'  RINGS  GIVEN  TO  THE  SOVEREIGN 
(3rd  S.  iv.  180.) — The  names,  dates,  and  mottoes, 
of  Serjeants'  rings  are  preserved  in  the  Reports. 

JAMES  KNOWLES. 

BIBLICAL  QUERIES  :  PROVERBS  xxvi.  8  (3rd  S. 
iv.  9,  96,  137.)  —  May  I  add  a  word  to  what  has 
been  advanced  upon  the  words  rendered  "  as  he 


that  bindeth  a  stone  in  a  sling"  ?  We  must  not 
ridicule  the  LXX.  version,  whose  translators  un- 
derstood the  use  of  slings  as  then  employed.  Our 
own  version  seems  to  be  based  upon  it.  The  Vul- 
gate, and  other  versions  quoted,  do  not  help  us ; 
but  MR.  BUCKTON  seems  to  forget  that  although 
the  writer  of  Proverbs  xxvi.  8,  knew  nothing  *of 
Mercury,  he  may  have  known  something  of  quick- 
silver. One  important  version,  the  Old  Syriac, 
mentioned  by  MR.  BUCKTON,  translates  thus :  — 
"  As^a  stone  in  a  sling,  so  is  he  that  honoureth  a 
fool."  And  this  seems  even  better  than  our  own 
translation,  which  I  think  could  be  made  more 
literal  than  it  is :  —  "  As  the  binding  of  a  stone  to 
a  sling,  so  is  he  that  giveth  honour  to  a  fool ;"  i.e. 
he  that  gives  honour  to  a  fool,  acts  as  if  he  bound 
a  stone  in  a  sling ;  or,  the  man  who  gives  honour 
to  a  fool  gives  it  to  one  who  will  throw  it  away. 
Honour  is  the  stone,  and  the  fool  is  the  sling. 
After  all,  perhaps,  the  word  "  bind  "  here  denotes 
merely  to  put,  place,  mfix.  In  Hosea  iv.  19,  the 
very  same  verb  is  used  in  the  expression  "  the 
wind  hath  bound  her  up  in  her  wings,"  a  thing 
which  could  not  be  done  in  the  strictly  literal 
sense.  That  HD31O  means  "  a  sling "  must  be 
taken  as  a  fact  well  sustained,  and  the  etymo- 
logical fancies  of  Parkhurst,  quoted  by  A.  A., 
cannot  refute  it.  The  word  is  connected  with 
OJ1,  to  throw  or  heap  up.  The  form  referred  to 
by  A.  A.  in  Psalm  Ixviii.  28,  is  quite  different  in 
sense,  but  of  the  same  derivation ;  it  means  "  a 
company "  or  "  collection  of  persons."  I  agree 
with  MR.  BUCKTON  that  Gesenius  is  wrong,  and 
singularly  so  in  relation  to  this  verse,  and  I  am 
glad  to  find  that  Fiirst  in  his  Hand-Lexicon,  says, 
"Ausdruck  fur  Verkehrtheit,  Spr.  xxvi.  8,  wie 
das  Binden  des  Steines  an  die  Schleuder,  wodurch 
das Fortschleudern  verhindert  wird :"  ("proverbial 
expression  for  perversity,  Prov.  xxvi.  8,  '  as  the 
binding  of  the  stone  in  the  sling,'  whereby  sling- 
ing is  hindered.")  Believing  with  Fiirst  that  our 
translation  nearly  conveys  the  correct  idea,  I  am 
less  concerned  to  know  whether  the  "  binding  of 
the  stone"  in  the  sling  was  to  help  or  hinder  sling- 
ing ;  it  is  very  certain  that  honour  given  to  a  fool 
is  labour  lost. 

I  beg  to  add  that  the  word  '"ID^,  to  which 
A.  A.  refers,  as  in  Psalm  Ixviii.  28,  and  translated 
"  strength,"  occurs  in  Psalm  Ixviii.  27,  of  our  ver- 
sion, and  is  not  translated  "  strength  "  but  "  coun- 
cil ; "  the  princes  of  Judah  and  their  council," 
margin,  "  or  with  their  company."  B.  H.  C. 

BLACK  GOWNS  AND  RED  COATS  (1"  S.  v.  332, 
574;  3rd  S.  iv.  138.) — With  reference  to  the  note 
statin^  on  the  authority,  I  have  no  doubt  sufficient 
authority,  of  C.  W.  B.  and  G.  T.  D.,  that  this 
brilliant  satire  was  the  production  of  the  late 
George  Cox,  M.A.,  Fellow  of  New  College,  Ox- 
ford,  permit  me  to  add  that  my  copy  of  it  is 


220 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[>d  S.  IV.  SEPT.  12,  '63. 


lettered  Blagden's  Satire,  and  ask  an  explanation 
of  the  meaning  of  it.  Was  it  formerly  attributed 
to  Blagden,  and  if  so,  who  was  he  ?  That  it  was 
not  by  Boone  a  passage  on  the  second  page  of  the 
first  satire  makes  evident,  — 

"  Oh  that  a  hand  like  mine  could  wield  again 
A  Dighton's  pencil,  or,  0  Boone,  thy  pen ! " 

B.  G. 

ST.  DIGGLE  (3rd  S.  iv.  Ill,  174.)  — This  is  a 
modern  erection  made  by  Mr.  Diggle,  a  builder, 
in  Dover.  Your  correspondent  has  been  entirely 
misled  as  to  the  saint  part  of  it.  T.  M. 

ST.  LUKE  THE  PATRON  OF  PAINTERS  (3rd  S.  iii- 
188, 234, 274.) — There  is  a  portrait  of  our  Saviour 
painted,  as  it  is  said,  by  St.  Luke,  in  the  cathedral 
of  Moskva.  It  is  an  object  of  great  devotion 
among  the  Russian  people,  who  prostrate  them- 
selves before  it,  and  humbly  kiss  the  frame.  Pro- 
fessor C.  Piazzi  Smyth,  who  has  seen  this  picture, 
remarks  that  — 

u  This  Saint  Luke  appears  to  have  been  an  early  monk 
of  Constantinople,  much  given  to  painting  sacred  pictures, 
in  the  extremest  Byzantine  style.  The  evangelist  St. 
Luke,  no  one  can  doubt  who  has  read  the  learned  and 
thorough  book  of  Mr.  James  Smith,  of  Jordan  Hill,  on  the 
Voyage  of  St.  Paul,  must  have  been  a  medical  officer  in 
the  naval  service  of  Rome." — Three  Cities  in  Russia,  vol.  i. 
p.  457. 

Lrcr  PEACOCK. 

Bottesford  Manor. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

Year  Books  of  the  Reign  of  King  Edward  the  First.  Edited 
and  Translated  by  Alfred  J.  Horwood,  of  the  Middle 
Temple,  Barrister-at-Law.  Published  by  Authority  of 
the  Lords  Commissioners  of  Her  Majesty's  Treasury 
under  the  Direction  of  the  Master  of  the  Rolls.  (Long- 
man.) 

In  an  able  and  well-written  introduction  to  this  new 
contribution  towards  the  history  of  English  law,  Mr. 
Horwood  shows  us,  that  the  spirit  which  animated  the 
Barons  at  Runymede,  when  they  declared  their  unwil- 
lingness that  the  laws  of  England  should  be  altered,  still 
reigns  in  the  hearts  of  the  people  of  this  country.  "  We 
retain  our  hereditary  titles,"  he  says,  "where  the  claimant 
goes  back  to  a  patent  or  writ  dated  four  or  five  hundred 
years  ago :  —  our  franchises,  where  the  evidences  are  as 
old  or  older ;  tenures,  the  peculiarities  of  which  show  a 
very  rude  and  ancient  origin ;  special  modes  of  descent, 
such  as  Gavelkind,  which  divides  the  land  among  all  the 
sons,  and  Borough  English,  which  gives  it  to  the  j-oungest ; 
and  other  tenures,  such  as  ancient  demesne,  where  our 
Domesday  Book,  now  nearly  eight  hundred  years  old.  is 
the  only  evidence  appealed  to."  The  "Year  Books" 
have  long  been  held  in  the  highest  veneration  by  the 
highest  sages  of  the  law  as,  to  a  great  extent,  the  foun- 
dation of  the  "  Lex  non  scripta  "  of  England ;  and  some 
of  them  were  printed  soon  after  the  art  of  printing  was 
introduced  into  this  country ;  and,  great  as  are  their 
value  to  lawyers,  they  well  deserve  to  be  consulted  by 
the  general  reader  for  the  sake  of  the  historical  informa- 
ion,  the  biographical  notices,  and  illustrations  of  manners 


and  customs  which  they  contain.  The  present  publica- 
tion will  do  good  service  therefore  in  two  ways ;  first,  by 
making  known  the  present  very  early  "  Year  Books ;  " 
and,  secondly,  by  drawing  attention  to  the  Year  Books 
generally,  as  bases  of  historical  study. 

Sussex  Archaeological  Collections  relating  to  the  History 
and  Antiquities  of  the  County.  Published  by  the  Sussex 
Archaeological  Society.  Vol.  XV.,  being  Vol.  III.  of 

Second  Series. 

If  Sussex  is  a  rich  field  for  Archaeologists,  it  is  no  less 
true  that  the  Sussex  Archaeologists  are  skilful  and  zealous 
tillers  of  that  soil,  and  the  result  is  a  rich  crop  of  varied 
and  instructive  materials  for  the  history  of  their  county 
specially,  and  of  the  country  generally.  A  glance  at  the 
Contents  of  the  present  volume  will  prove  this.  The  intro- 
ductory article  on  "  The  Poynings,"  "  The  Bonvilles  of 
Halnaker,"  "  The  Rivers  of  Sussex,"  "  Charlton,  and  the 
Charlton  Hunts,"  and  "  Typographia  Sussexiana,"  be- 
long more  immediately  to  the  former  division ;  while 
"The  Services  of  the  Barons  of  the  Cinque  Ports  at 
Coronations,"  Sir  Sibbald  Scott's  papers  on  the  "  Docu- 
ments found  at  Cowdray,"  and  Mr.  Durrant  Cooper's 
"  Sussex  Men  at  Agincourt,"  belong  to  the  latter,  and 
make  up  a  volume  creditable  to  the  Society,  and  more 
especially  to  those  members  who  have  contributed  to  it. 

BOOKS  RECEIVED. — 

Good  Things  for  Railway  Readers.  By  the  Editor  of 
"The  Illustrated  Railway  Anecdote  Book."  (Lock- 
wood  &  Co.) 

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(no  small  recommendation  for  a  volume  for  railway  read- 
ing), and  well  compiled  by  one  of  our  best  "  nappers-up 
of  unconsidered  [literary]  trifles/' 

A    Descriptive     Illustrated    Hand- Guide    to     Tunbridgt 
Wells,  and  the  Neighbouring  Towns,  Seats,  and  Village*. 
By  William  Gaspey. 
A  very  useful  guide  to  this  beautiful  spot,  and  the  yet 

more  beautiful  country  by  which  it  is  surrounded. 


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HEYLIN   (P.)  ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  BRITISH  HISTORT.    Wright's  edition, 
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ta 

Answers  to  Correspondents  in  our  next. 

ERRATA — 3rd  S.  iv.  p.  184,  col.  i.  lines  1  and  2,  for  "  Chitton  "  read 
"  Clutton ;  "  p.  197,  col.  i.  line  10  from  bottom,  for  "  1836—37  "read  "  1863, 
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3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  12,  'C3.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

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ft      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE   ASSURANCE 
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pABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

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trying  these  noble  remedies  before  they  abandon  further  efforts  for  re- 
covering their  lost  or  fading  health.  The  momentous  question  of  enjoying 
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1HE    LIVERPOOL     AND    LONDON 

FIRE  AND  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  in  1836. 

OFFICES  :  — I,  Dale  Street,  Liverpool ;  20  and  21,  Poultry, 
London,  E.G. 

PROGRESS  OF  THE  COMPANY  SINCE  1850. 


Year 

Fire  Premiums 

Life  Premiums 

Invested  Funda 

e 

< 

£ 

1851 

•H.305 

27457 

502,824 

1856 

222,279 

72,781 

821,061 

1361 

360,130 

J36.974 

1,311,905 

1862 

436,065 

138,703 

1,117,803 

The  Fire  Duty  paid  by  this  Company  in  England  in  1862  was  71,2342. 


-!  Secretary  to  the  Company. 
JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 


HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c- 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 

Pure  wholesome  CLABET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 

per  dozen. 
White  Bordeaux  ..........................  24*.  and  30s.  perdoz. 

Good  Hock  ................................  30s.    „     36s. 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne  ......  36s.,  42s.    „     48s. 

Good  Dinner  Sherry  ........................  24*.    „    sos. 

Port  .................................  .  24s.,  30s.    „     36s.        „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  perdoz. 

Vintage  1834  ............    „    108s.        „ 

Vintage  1840  .............  ,     84s. 

Vintage  1847  ............    „     72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "  beeswing  "  Port,  48s.  and  60s.  ;  superior  Sherry,  36s.,  42s. 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  48s.,  60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner.  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60s.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120s.  ;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  81s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  66s., 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymae  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz.; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 
Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 

(Originally  established  A.D.  16670 

I  'HE  NATURAL  WINES  of  FRANCE.  —  J. 
CAMPBELL,  Wine  Merchant,  158,  Regent  Street,  recommends 
attention  to  the  following  CLARETS,  selected  by  himself  on  the 
Garonne:  —  Vinde  Bordeaux  (which  greatly  improves  by  keeping  in 
bottle  two  or  three  years),  20s.;  St.  Julien,  22s.;  La  Rose,  26s.;  St. 
Estephe,  36s.;  St.  Emilion,  42s.;  Haut  Brion,  48s.;  Lafitte,  Latour, 
and  Chateau  Margaux,  60s.  to  84s.  per  dozen.  J.  C.'s  experience  and 
known  reputation  for  .French  wines  will  be  some  guarantee  for  the 
soundness  of  the  wine  quoted  at  20s.  per  dozen.  —  Note.  Burgundies  from, 
36s.  to  54s.;  Chablis,  26s.  and  30s.  per  dozen.  E.  Clicquot's  finest  Cham- 
pagne, 66s.  per  dozen.  Remittances  or  town  references  should  be  ad- 
dressed JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 

FRY'S      CHOCOLATE. 

FRY'S  FRENCH  CHOCOLATE  FOR  EATING, 

in  Sticks,  and  Drops. 

FRY'S  CHOCOLATE  CREAMS. 

FRY'S  FRENCH  CHOCOLATE  IN  CAKES. 
J.  S.  FRY  &  SONS,  Bristol  and  London. 

Dinneford's  Pure  Fluid  Magnesia 

Has  been,  during  twenty-five  years,  emphatically  sanctioned  by  the 
Medical  Profession,  and  universally  accepted  by  the  Public,  as  the 
Best  Remedy  for  Acidity  of  the  Stomach,  Heartburn,  Headache,  Gout, 
and  Indigestion,  and  asaMild  Aperient  for  delicate  constitutions,  more 
especially  for  Ladies  and  Children.  When  combined  with  the  Acidu- 
lated Lemon  Syrup,  it  forms  an  AGREEABLE  EFFERVESCING  DBACOHT, 
in  which  its  Aperient  qualities  are  much  increased.  During  Hot 
Seasons,  and  In  Hot  Climates,  the  regular  use  of  this  simple  and  elegant 
remedy  has  been  found  highly  beneficial.  It  is  prepared  (in  a  state 
of  perfect  purity  and  of  uniform  strength)  by  DLNNEFORD  &  CO., 
172,  New  Bond  Street,  London:  and  sold  by  all  respectable  Chemirti 
throughout  the  World. 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3'4  s.  IV.  SEPT.  12,  '63. 


Camtren 


FOR  THR  PUBLICATION  OP 


EARLY   HISTORICAL   AND  LITERARY  REMAINS. 


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SAVILE,  Esq.,  Emroy  at  Paris,  and  Vice-Chamberlain  to  Charles  II. 
and  James  II. .including  Letters  from  his  brother  GEOKGE,  Maruuess 
of  Halifax.  Edited  by  W.  DURBANT  COOPEB,  Esq.,  F.S.  A. 

72.  THE    ROMANCE    OF    BLONDE  OF 

OXFORD  AND  JEHAN  OF  DAMMABTIN.  Edited  by  THOMAS 
WRIGHT,  ESQ.,  M.A.,  F.S. A. 

73.  THE  CAMDEN    MISCELLANY,   Volume 

the  Fourth. 

For  1859-60. 

74.  THE    JOURNALS    OF   RICHARD 

SYMONDS,  an  officer  in  the  Royal  Army,  temp.  Charles  I.  Edited  by 
CHARLES  EDWARD  LONG,  Esq.,  M.A. 

75.  ORIGINAL  PAPERS  ILLUSTRATIVE  of 

the  LIFE  and  WRITINGS  of  JOHN  MILTON.  Edited  by  W.  D. 
HAMILTON,  Esq. 

76.  LETTERS  OF  GEORGE  LORD  CAREW, 

afterwards  Earl  of  Totnes,  to  SIR  THOMAS  ROE.  Edited  by  JOHN 
MACLEAN,  Esq.,  F.S.A. 

For  1860-61. 

77.  NARRATIVES  of  the  DAYS  of  the  RE- 
FORMATION, and  the  contemporary  Biographies  of  ARCHBISHOP 
CRANMEK;  selected  from  the  Papers  of  John  Foxe  the  Martyrologist. 
Edited  by  JOHN  GOUGH  NICHOLS,  Esq.  F.S.A. 


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of  SCOTLAND  and  SIR  ROBERT  CECIL  and  others,  before  his  ac- 
cession to  the  Throne  of  England.  Edited  by  JOHN  BRUCE,  Esq., 
V.P.S.A. 

For  1861-62. 

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JOHN  CHAMBERLAIN  to  SIR  DUDLEY  CARLETON  during  the 
REIGN  OF  QUEEN  ELIZABETH.  Edited  by  MISS  WILLIAMS. 

80.  PROCEEDINGS  in  the  COUNTY  of  KENT 

in  1640.    Edited  by  the  BEY.  LAMBERT  B.  LARKING,  M.A. 

81.  PARLIAMENTARY   DEBATES  in   1610. 

From  the  Notes  of  a  Member  of  the  House  of  Commons.    Edited  by 
SAMUEL  RAWSON  GARDINER,  late  Student  of  Christchurch. 
For  1862-3. 

82.  LIST  of  FOREIGN  PROTESTANTS  resi- 
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F.S.A. 

83.  WILLS    FROM    DOCTORS'    COMMONS. 

Edited  by  J.  G.  NICHOLS,  F.S.A. 

84.  TREVELYAN     PAPERS.      Part  II.     A.D. 

1416-1613.    Edited  by  J.  PAYNE  COLLIEB,  ESQ. 
For  1863-4. 

85.  THE  LIFE  OF  MARMADUKE  RAWDON 

OF  YORK,  or  Marmaduke  Kawdon,  the  Second  of  that  Name.  Now 
first  printed  from  the  Original  in  the  possession  of  Robert  Cooke,  Esq., 
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WORKS    OF    THE    CAMDEKT    SOCIETY, 
AND  ORDER  OF  THEIR  PUBLICATION. 


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2.  Kyng  Johan,  by  Bishop  Bale. 

3.  Deposition  of  Richard  II. 

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33.  Correspondence  of  James  Duke  of  Perth. 

34.  Liber  de  Antiquis  Legibus. 

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44.  Obituary  of  Rich.  Smyth. 

45.  Twysden  on  the  Government  of  Eng- 

land. 

46.  Letters  of  Elizabeth  and  James  VI. 

47.  Chrouicon  Petroburgense. 


48.  Queen  Jane  and  Queen  Mary. 

49.  Bury  Wills  and  Inventories. 

50.  Mapes  de  Nugis  Curialium. 

51.  Pilgrimage  of  Sir  R  Guylford. 

52.  Secret  Services  of  Charles  II.  and  Jag. 

53.  Chronicle  of  Grey  Friars  of  London. 

54.  Promptorium  Parvulorum.Tom.II. 

55.  The  Camden  Miscellany,  Vol.  II. 

56.  The  Verney  Papers  to  1639. 

57.  The  Ancren  Riwle. 

58.  Letters  of  Lady  B.  Harley. 

59.  Roll  of  Bishop  Swinfield,  Vol.  I.       ' ' 

60.  Grants,  &c.,  of  Edward  the  Fifth. 

61.  The  Camden  Miscellany,  Vol.  III. 

62.  Roll  of  Bishop  Swinfleld,  Vol.  II. 

63.  Charles  I.  in  1646. 

64.  English  Chronicle  1377  to  1461. 

65.  Knights  Hospitallers, 
fifi.  Diary  of  John  Rous. 

67.  The  Trevelyan  Papers,  Part  I. 

68.  Journal  of  Rowland  Davies,  LL.D. 

69.  Domesday  of  St.  Paul's. 

70.  Whitelocke's  Liber  Famelicus. 


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'.  8.  Points  of  Contact  Between  Science  and  Art. 
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in.  The  Preservation  of  Paintings  and  Drawings,  I. 

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NOTES  AND  QUEBIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  19,  '63. 


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CONTENTS  OF  No.  89.  —  SEPT.  12TH. 

NOTES:  —  Shakspeariana :  Shakespeare  Genealogy — "The 
Merchant  of  Venice  "  —  Backar6 — "  All's  Well  that  Ends 
Well"  —  "Et  tu,  Brute!":  Caesar's  Deafness  —  Letters  of 
Shakspeare  and  Nell  Gwynne  —  North  Aston,  Oxfordshire 

—  Knitting  Song  —  The  Cobra  and  the  Mongoose. 

MnfOE  'NOTES: — The  Irish  Queen  Victoria — Register  of 
Lord  Clyde's  Birth  —  Rhymes  to  Dickens  and  Thackeray 

—  Simon  Wadloe  :  John  Wadloe  —  Nicholas  Billiard  — 
Epitaph,  curious,  to  Joseph  Taylor,  1732  —  The  Druids  — 
The  Term  Gun  —  Mize  or  Mise. 

QUERIES  :  — Ancestry  and  Arms  wanted — Anonymous  — 
"  Les  Anglais  s'amusent  tristement "  —  Ballsbridge,  near 
Dublin  —  Ballad  —  Bell  Inscription  at  New  Romney,  Kent 

—  Bis-sextile  Tear  —  Brodie  of  Lethen  —  Crest  of  Prince 
of  Wales  —  Parody  on'  Campbell's  "  Hohenliuden  "  —  Dag- 
ma  Family  —  French  Wines  in  1749  —  Portraits  of  John- 
son—  Lewes  and  its  Annual  Commemoration — Arms  of 
Milan  —  Battle  of  Naseby  —  Orbis  Centrum  —  Paper  mak- 
ing in  Ireland  —  Public  Servants,  &c. 

QUERIES  WITH:  ANSWERS:  —  Gloucestershire  Songs  —  Au- 
thor Wanted  —  Clerkenwell — Quotation  Wanted  —  Grand 
Jury  —  Mikotzi  —  The  Prayer  for  the  High  Court  of  Par- 
liament —  To  "  buzz  "  the  Bottle  —  Gibbon. 

REPLIES  :— The  Knights  Hospitallers  of  St.  John  of  Jeru- 
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—  I  know  no  more  than  the  Pope  —  Theodolite — Bockart, 
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Furnaee  —  Epigrams — John  Locke,  the  Philosopher  — 
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3*d  S.  IV.  SEPT.  19,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


221 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  19,  1863. 


CONTENTS.— N°.  90. 
NOTES  :  —  The  Swiss  Ballad  of  "  Renaud,"  221  —  Sir  John 

Henderson,  224  —  "  Scoticisms : "  Beattie :  David  Hume : 

Lord  Hailes,  225. 
MINOR  NOTES  :  —  Webster's  "  Devil's  Law  Case : "  its  Date 

—  Tombstones  and  their  Inscriptions  —  "  Quarterly  Re- 
views "  —  Mirabeau  a  Spy — Paper— Lady  Madelina  Palmer 

—  Origin  of  the  Saracen's  Head  —  The  End  of  Speech,  227. 

QUERIES :  —  "  Don  Quixote,"  227  —  The  Rev.  William 
Jarvis  Abdy  —  Rev.  Richard  Barry,  M.A.  —  St.  Anthony's 
Temptation  —  Sir  Thomas  Bartlet  —  Bible  Translators  — 
Blount  of  Bitton  — Thomas  Brooks  — Carew  and  Broke 

—  Carved  Head  in  Astley  Church  —  George  Edwards, 
P.R.S.  —  Engravings  of  Religious  Rites  —  Rev.  William 
Felton  —  Games :  Merry-main  —  Heath   Beer  —  Heraldic 

—  Herbert  of  Cardiff— Maxims  :  Newbery:  Goldsmith  — 
"  May  Maids "  in  Ireland,  France,  and  Belgium  —  Me- 
diatised German  Princes  —  Phillips  Family  —  Scottish 
Games— Ancient  Sundial—  King  William  III.,  227. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  Bishop  Cox,  of  Ely,  and  Queen 
Elizabeth  —  "  The  Whole  Duty  of  Man  "  —  Flamborough 
Tower  —  Norfolk  and  Suffolk  —  Lines  on  London  Dissent  • 
ing  Ministers  —  Calis  and  Island  Voyages  —  Washington 
Family— Mediaeval  Emblems  —  Epitaph  on  Dr.  Vincent, 
230. 

REPLIES :  —  Boswell,  232  —  St.  Patrick  and  the  Shamrock, 
233  —  Toison  d'Or,  Ib,  —  Titles  borne  by  Clergymen,  235  — 

,  Danish  Invasion,  Ib.  —  The  "  Faerie  Queene "  unveiled, 
236  —  The  "  Arcadia  "  unveiled,  237  —  St.  Patrick  and  Ve- 
nomous Reptiles  in  Ireland  —  "  He  died  and  she  married 
the  Barber"  —  Pomeroy  Family — Sir  Ferdinand  Lee  — 
Cowthorpe  Oak  —  A  Lady's  Dress  in  1762  —  Randolph 
Crewe  —  Msevius  —  The  Bhagavadgita,  &c.  —  Suspended 
Animation  —  Jacob's  Staff  —  Patrician  Families  of  Lou- 
vain,  237. 


THE  SWISS  BALLAD  OF  "RENAUD." 
(FROM  THE  BOMANDE.) 

The  "Chanson  de  Renaud"  is  unquestionably 
of  great  antiquity,  and  may  probably  be  referred 
to  the  Middle  Ages.  It  belongs  to  the  Jurassian 
district  of  Romande  Switzerland,  where  tradi- 
tional versions  are  sung  both  in  the  Romande 
language,  and  in  old  and  modern  French.  The 
printed  copies,  which  vary  considerably  —  not 
merely  in  the  text  of  the  verses,  but  in  the  num- 
ber of  them  —  are  common  broadsheets,  for  the 
country  people.  A  Swiss  antiquary,  in  1858, 
printed  a  copy  in  modern  French  at  Lausanne, 
and  said :  — 

"  La  Chanson  de  Renaud  est  encore  connue,  aujourd- 
hui,  dans  beaucoup  de  provinces  du  Jura.  Je  la  donne 
telle  que  je  1'ai  entendu  chanter  dans  le  Jura,  et  sans 
me  permettre  la  moindre  alteration." 

Although  I  call  the  Lausanne  copy  a  modern 
French  one,  I  must  observe  that  it  contains  many 
old  and  obsolete  French  words,  and  also  several 
Romande  ones.  Another  very  faulty  copy  may 
be  found  in  the  works  of  the  late  Gerhard  de 
Nerval,  Paris,  1856.  The  text  varies  consider- 
ably from  the  Lausanne  copy,  and  is  only  about 
half  the  length.  The  following  translation  is 
from  a  Romande  traditional  copy,  obtained  (1857) 
from  a  professional  fiddler  that  I  met  with  in  the 


Jura.  He  wrote  a  most  wretched  scrawl ;  and  it 
was  only  by  calling  in  the  aid  of  a  distinguished 
archaeologist,  and  by  our  consulting  the  modern 
printed  copies,  that  we  could  decypher  the  min- 
strel's hieroglyphics.  To  translate  the  Romande 
is  no  easy  task,  even  to  one  who,  like  myself,  has 
become  somewhat  familiar  with  it  from  long  resi- 
dence where  it  predominates.  There  is  no  stan- 
dard for  its  orthography;  and  then  it  varies  in 
every  district,  nay,  almost  in  every  parish.  The 
following  translation  is  tolerably  literal,  and  many 
of  the  stanzas  are  word  for  word.  In  1858,  I 
printed  a  few  copies  of  my  first  translation.  It 
also  appeared  in  the  Durham  Advertiser.  It  was 
copied  by  several  other  journals,  and  even  found 
its  way  into  some  American  papers.  I  also  hear 
that  it  is  in  some  "  Selections."  I  regret  this 
popularity,  because  I  am  now  enabled  to  give  a 
better  rendering,  and  would  desire  to  cancel  the 
first  impression.  Robert  White,  Esq.,  of  New- 
castle-on-Tyne,  the  author  of  some  of  the  best 
ballads  and  songs  in  our  language  (vide  Book  of 
Scottish  Ballads ;  The  Fishers'  Garland,  #v.,  8fc.\ 
thus  writes  in  the  Durham  Advertiser  in  a  letter 
dated  Dec.  28,  1858  :  — 

"  So  far  as  my  recollection  serves  me,  the  '  Chanson  de 
Renand '  does  not  resemble  any  of  the  popular  ballads  of 
this  country.  I  know  of  none  like  it,  especially  after  the 
earlier  stanzas  down  towards  the  close.  The  commence- 
ment certainly  reminds  me  of  the  beautiful  dirge  be- 
ginning — 

'  A  knight  there  came  from  the  field  of  the  slain,' — 

which,  was  written  by  John  Finlay,  and  published  in 
1804.  The  only  other  resemblance  is  to  a  verse  in  '  Lord 
Randall,'  in  the  Border  Minstrelsy  :  — 

'  Mother,  make  my  bed  soon.' 

The  Song  of  Renaud  might  form  a  part  of  a  much  larger 
ballad,  though  in  itself  it  may  be  complete.  Apparently 
a  specimen  of  the  right  kind,  it  graphically  depicts  a 
tale,  calling  to  remembrance  some  of  the  striking  chap- 
ters of  Scriptural  History.  Such  translations  must  be 
welcome  to  every  lover  of  ballad  poetry." 

The  "  resemblances  "  alluded  to  by  my  friend 
Mr.  White  I  have  disposed  of,  by  giving  the  ori- 
ginal text.  I  will  merely  remark,  en  passant,  that 
long  before  John  Finlay  was  born,  Dean  Swift 
wrote  a  satiric  street  ballad  on  the  Duke  of  Marl- 
borough,  which  began  with  — 

"  Our  Johnny  has  come  from  the  wars." 
By  turning  to  the  first  line  of  the  "  Chanson  de 
Renaud,"  it  will  be  seen  that  if  we  substitute 
"  Our  Johnny,"  for  "  Renaud,"  and  put  "guerre" 
in  the  plural,  we  have  Dean  Swift's  line,  word  for 
word.  It  is  not  very  probable  that  either  Finlay 
or  Swift  was  acquainted  with  the  "  Chanson  de 
Renaud."  I  could  point  out  several  such  resem- 
blances. Those  who  have  paid  attention  to  the 
ballads  of  different  countries  are  aware  of  the 
fact  that  there  is  always  a  remarkable  similarity 
in  ballad  phraseology.  Particular  phrases  and 


222 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  SEPT.  19,  '63. 


modes  of  expression  seem  to  belong  to  no  par- 
ticular country ;  but,  like  certain  terminations  in 
music,  to  be  common  property.  Plagiarism  is  an 
offence  that  is  not  easily  brought  home  to  the 
ballad-monger. 

Since  the  original  translation  of  the  "  Chanson 
de  Renaud,"  I  have  consulted  no  less  than  ten 
different  copies,  of  which  two  MS.  traditional 
ones  were  in  the  Romande.  With  this  language 
(for  I  cannot  call  it  a  patois)  I  am  more  familiar 
than  I  was  in  1858 ;  and  I  have  recently  trans- 
lated from  it  another  ballad,  "  The  Battle  of  La 
Planta,"  and  two  or  three  popular  songs  and  some 
Ranz  de  Vaches.  The  result  of  the  revision  of 
the  following  ballad,  is,  greater  purity  of  text, 
the  insertion  of  some  verses,  and  the  rejection  of 
others.  I  think  it  right  to  say  that  I  am  respon- 
sible for  the  *  *  *,  by  which  the  breaks  in  the 
narrative  are  marked.  They  are  not  placed  to 
give  a  fragmentary  appearance  to  what  I  consider 
to  be  a  perfect  composition ;  but  they  seem  neces- 
sary to  mark  the  sudden  transitions,  and  will 
make  the  tale  better  understood.  The  singers  in 
the  Jura  find  it  necessary  to  give  a  little  verbal 
explanation  where  I  have  placed  asterisks. 

What,  it  may  be  asked,  is  the  origin  of  the  ballad  ? 
Who  was  Renaud  ?  Was  he  a  real  personage,  or  is 
he  a  mere  creation  of  the  old  trouvere  ?  In  De 
Nerval's  copy,  he  is  everywhere  styled  '•'•Jean 
Renaud;"  but  I  find  this  "Jean"  nowhere  else. 
De  Nerval  has  not  stated  any  authority  for  an 
appellation  that  is  at  variance  with  every  other 
copy,  printed  or  traditional ;  and  yet  some  have 
taken  advantage  of  this,  and  contended  that  the 


hero  was  a  Swiss — Major  John  Reynaud — who 
figured  in  the  "  Thirty-years'  War,"  and  died 
from  a  wound  received  in  fight.  The  mediseval 
imagery,  the  general  structure  of  the  composition, 
the  various  readings,  and  the  want  of  any  known 
standard  of  appeal,  are  sufficient  to  make  me  re- 
ject such  an  hypothesis ;  which,  by-the-bye,  neither 
De  Nerval  nor  the  Lausanne  editor  take  any 
notice  of.  I  am  inclined  to  believe,  that  "  The 
Chanson  de  Renaud "  is  much  older  than  two 
hundred  years  ;  and  that  the  hero  was  a  Swiss,  or 
an  Italian  of  Piedmont,  who  figured  in  some  of 
the  Burgundian  wars  of  the  fifteenth  century. 
Renaud  is  the  French  form  of  Rinaldo  :  it  must, 
of  course,  be  pronounced  Reno.  I  shall  be  glad 
of  any  information  as  to  the  origin  of  the  ballad. 
In  conclusion,  I  have  one  remark  to  make.  Of 
late  years,  while  I  have  been  abroad,  several  com- 
pilers, or  rather  "getters  up"  of  "selections," 
have  made  very  free  with  my  labours.  I  have 
seen  traditional  ballads  and  songs,  published  by 
me  for  the  first  time,  appropriated  —  and  often 
without  the  slightest  acknowledgment;  and  a 
religious  Society  has  even  shown  this  want  of 
courtesy.  I  will  not  permit  this  wholesale  plun- 
der any  longer.  In  future,  if  any  one  think  my 
"  Collections  "  worthy  of  a  reprint,  he  must  ask 
my  permission.  I  have  for  some  time  past  been 
compiling  a  Ballad  Book,  and  the  practice  com- 
plained of  is  calculated  to  affect  my  intended 
publication. 

JAMES  HENRY  DIXOIC. 
Via  Santa  Maria,  Florence,  Italy, 
August  13,  1863. 


LA  CHANSON  DE  RENAUD. 

Renaud  de  la  guerre  s'en  vint, 
II  en  revint,  triste,  et  chagrint. 

Renaud  de  la  guerre  revint, 
Tenant  ses  tripes  dans  ses  mains. 

Sa  mere,  qui  etait  aux  chambres  en  h.aut, 
Vit  venir  son  filz  Renaud. 

"  Renaud,  il  y  a  gran'  joie  ici ; 
Ta  femme  est  accouchee  d'un  filz."  * 


"Ni  de  ma  femme,  ni  de  mon  filz, 
Je  ne  saarais  me  rejouir. 

"  Allez,  ma  mere — allez  devant : 
Fakes  moi  dresser  un  beau  lit  blanc. 

"  Mais  faites  le  dresser  si  bas, 
Que  ma  femme  ne  1'entende  pas. 

|(  Pour  que  ma  femme,  en  son  accouchee, 
Ne  sache  point  mon  arrive'e." 
Et  quand  ce  fut  le  minuit, 
Pauvre  Renaud  rendit  1'esprit. 


THE  BALLAD  OF  RENAUD. 

Renaud  comes  from  the  field  of  fight, 
A  care-worn,  sad,  and  a  weary  wight. 

His  manly  breast  is  crimson  dyed  — 
A  hand  is  press'd  to  his  wounded  side. 

From  latticed  chamber,  high  and  dim, 
A  mother  rush'd  to  welcome  him. 

"  Welcome! "  she  cried,  "this  day  of  joy 
Thy  ladye  fair  hath  borne  a  boy." 

["  See  ye  not  my  pallid  brow, 

And  the  life-blood  flowing  now?] 
"  The  joy  in  the  castle  is  not  for  me; 

My  boy  and  his  mother  I  may  not  see. 
"  Mother !  go  make  me  a  bed  to-night ; 

Let  the  coverlet  and  the  sheets  be  white. 
"  But  spread  my  couch  in  a  distant  tower, 

I  must  be  far  from  my  ladye's  bower. 

"  She  must  not  know,  while  in  child -bed  lain, 
Her  lord  returns  from  the  battle-plain." 

At  the  time  of  deep  mid-night, 
Poor  Renaud  render'd  up  his  sprite. 


*  One  copy  reads,  "  d'un  petit.'1 


3'd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  19,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


223 


Les  valets  se  mirent  a  pleurer, 
Et  les  vassaulx  h  soupirer. 


The  serving-men  surround  the  bed, 
And  vassals  weep  o'er  the  warrior  dead. 


"  Ah !  dites  done,  mere,  m'amie, 
Qu'entends-je  vous  pleurez  ici?" 

"  Ma  fille,  c'est  un  de  nos  blancs  chevaux, 
Qui  ii  1'ecurie  se  trouve  mort. " 

"Ah !  dites  done,  mere,  m'amie, 
Qu'entends-je  done  taper  ici?  " 

"  Ma  fiile,  c'est  le  charpentier, 
Qui  raccommode  l'escalier."f 

"  Ah !  dites  done,  mere,  m'amie, 
Qu'entends-je  done  chanter  ici  ?  " 

"  Ma  fille,  c'est  la  procession, 
Qui  fait  le  tour  de  la  maison." 

"  Ah !  dites  done,  mere,  m'amie, 
Quand  sortirai-je  de  ce  lit?" 

"  Ni  anjourd'hui,  ni  demain ; 
Vous  en  sortirez  apres  la  semaine." 

•"  Ah !  dites  done,  mere,  m'amie, 
Quelle  belle  robe  mettrai-je?" 

"  Le  blanc  et  le  rcse  vous  quitterez, 
Le  noir  §  et  le  violet  vous  mettrez." 


1  Mother !  wherefore  do  ye  sigh, 
And  your  hand-maids  standing  by  ?  "* 

1  Our  fair  white  steed  lies  dead  in  the  stall — 
He  was  the  bravest  barb  of  all ! " 

1  Mother !  metbinks  the  night-winds  bring 
Sounds  of  a  distant  hammering  ?  " 

'  My  child !  it  is  the  carpentere, 
Who  mendeth  the  escalier." 

'  Mother !  I  hear  a  solemn  strain  — 
It  swells — it  falls— it  comes  again." 

'  A  procession  winds  along, 
And  chanters  raise  the  holy  song." 

'  Mother !  I  fain  would  quit  my  room, 
I'm  sick  at  heart  of  the  castle's  gloom."  J 

'  You  are  too  feeble  to  quit  your  bed, 
You  must  wait  till  a  week  hath  fled." 

'  When  I  go  out,  O  mother  dear ! 
What  are  the  robes  that  I  shall  wear  ?  " 

'  The  white  and  the  red  you  must  not  put  on, 
But  the  black  and  the  violet  ye  may  don." 


Quand  elle  fut  sur  le  chemin,  |j 
L'ont  rencontree  trois  capusins. 

"  N'est-ce  pas  la  belle  femme  du  sieur 
Qu'on  a  enterre  a  cinq  heures?  " 

"  Ah !  dites  done,  mere,  m'amie, 
Qu'est-ce  que  ces  moines  ont  dit  ?  " 

"  Ma  fille !  c'est  une  vielle  chanson, 
Que  chacun  dit  u  sa  facon." 


As  she  rode  upon  the  way, 

They  met  three  friars  ^  in  garb  of  grey. 

"  The  lady  is  gay,  and  fair,  and  young ; 
It  was  for  her  lord  that  the  mass  was  sung.' 

u  Mother !  what  did  the  friars  say, 
As  they  pass'd  along  the  way  ?  " 

"  My  child !  the  monks,  as  is  their  wont, 
Wile  the  time  with  an  old  Romaunt." 


"  Ah !  dites  done,  mere,  m'amie, 
Le  beau  tombeau  que  voici ! " 

"  Ma  fille !  il  pent  bien  etre  beau : 
C'est  celui  de  mon  filz  Renaud." 

"  Qu'on  ote  ma  bague  et  mes  anneanx ; 
Je  veux  mourir  avec  Renaud ! 

"  Je  veux  1'espace  y  soil  si  grand, 
Qu'on  y  renf  erme  aussi  Penfant." 


In  the  chapel's  vaulted  aisle, 
They  sat  them  down  to  rest  awhile. 

Three  sculptors,  mid  the  solemn  gloom, 
Were  working  at  a  marble  tomb.** 

"  Mother !  that  tomb  is  wondrous  fair ; 
What  brave  knight  is  buried  there  ?  " 

"  The  tomb  is  fair,  and  it  should  be  so ; 
It  is  that  of  my  son  Renaud." 

"  Take  my  jewels,  and  rings  of  pride, 
I  soon  shall  rest  by  my  Renaud's  side. 

"  And  I  trust  the  grave  is  wide  and  deep, 
That  my  child  may  also  beside  us  sleep." 

On  the  tomb  by  the  gallant  knight, 

Is  the  sculptur'd  form  of  his  ladye  bright. 


This  is  the  reading  of  a  Romande  copy. 
One  version  reads,  "  le  plancher." 
This  is  the  reading  of  a  traditional  copy. 
Some  copies  read  "bleu,"  instead  of  "rioir." 
The  reading  of  the  Lausanne  copy  is  — 
"  Quand  elle  fut  dans  son  carosse  montee, 
Trois  moines  1'ont  rencontree." 


^f  In  some  modern  broadsheets  the  friars  have  been 
changed  into  "  trois  pasteurs."  In  the  Jura,  where  there 
are  numerous  Baptists,  monks  would  not  be  tolerated 
even  in  a  ballad. 

**  This,  and  the  preceding  stanza,  are  only  found  in  the 
Romande  copies.  They  seem  necessary  to  complete  the 
sense. 


224 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  SEPT.  19,  '63. 


SIR  JOHN  HENDERSON. 

This  person,  who  was  governor  of  two  impor- 
tant fortresses  for  Charles  L,  is  not  once  named 
by  Clarendon,  whose  reason  for  silence  respecting 
him  may  however  be  conjectured  from  what  fol- 
lows :  — 

Mr.  Carlyle  calls  him  a  renegade  Scot.  He 
was  a  soldier  of  fortune,  having,  according  to  his 
own  account,  spent  thirty  years,  and  lost  much 
blood  in  Germany,  Denmark,  and  Sweden.  He 
was  Governor  of  Dumbarton  Castle,  but  the  king 
not  being  able  to  supply  it  with  victuals,  he  was 
forced  to  surrender  it  upon  articles  to  the  Mar- 
quis of  Argyle,  August  24,  1640.  The  king's 
instructions  to  him,  by  the  name  of  Colonel  Hen- 
dersham,  as  captain  and  governor  of  the  Castle  of 
Dumbarton,  are  given  by  Rymer  (Fcedera,  xx. 
454.) 

One  David  Alexander,  a  poor  Scot,  in  October, 
1642,  gave  information  to  the  parliament  that  Sir 
John  Henderson  had  urged  him  to  assassinate  Sir 
John  Hotham,  and  to  blow  up  the  magazine  of 
the  parliament  army.  The  substance  of  the  state- 
ment was  embodied  in  the  Declaration  issued  by 
both  Houses  concerning  the  advance  of  the  king'g 
army  to  London ;  it  being  added  that  they  were 
credibly  informed  Sir  John  Henderson  was  a 
Papist. 

In  the  Declaration  of  the  Lords  and  Commons, 
Oct.  22,  1642,  it  is  stated  that  Sir  John  Hender- 
son and  Col.  Cockrom,  men  of  ill  report  both  for 
religion  and  honesty,  had,  as  the  Houses  had  been 
credibly  informed,  been  sent  to  Hamburgh  and 
Denmark  to  raise  forces  for  the  Earl  of  Newcastle. 
The  king  in  his  answer  alludes  to  this  statement 
as  a  vile  scandal. 

When  Newark  was  garrisoned  for  the  king,  Sir 
John  Henderson  was  appointed  governor  of  the 
castle  and  town.  Early  in  1642-3  he  seized  Bel- 
voir  Castle  for  the  king,  and  in  July,  1648,  he 
escorted  the  queen  from  Newark  to  Oxford.  On 
the  way  to  Nottingham,  the  royal  escort  of  5000 
men  was  attacked  by  Lord  Grey,  whom  he  routed 
and  put  to  flight. 

On  Oct.  11,  1643,  occurred  the  famous  fight  at 
Winceby,  near  Horncastle,  when  Sir  John  Hen- 
derson was  defeated  by  the  parliament  forces. 

In  or  shortly  before  Jan.  1643-4,  he  sent  letters 
by  a  trumpeter  from  Oxford  soliciting  a  pass  from 
the  parliament  for  himself,  his  wife,  and  children 
to  go  into  Holland,  and  settle  there.  The  letters 
were  addressed  to  Lord  Maitland,  Alexander 
Henderson,  and  Sir  Henry  Vane,  the  elder.  The 
latter  laid  the  application  before  the  House  of 
Commons,  who  refused  the  pass. 

When  Newark  was  relieved  by  Prince  Rupert 
in  March  following,  he  left  Sir  Richard  Byron 
(afterwards  Lord  Byron)  as  governor.  Why  Sir 
John  Henderson  was  superseded  does  not  appear. 


In  or  about  the  beginning  of  May,  1645,  he 
arrived  in  England  with  letters  from  the  King  of 
Denmark  to  the  parliament  interceding  for  peace 
with  Charles  I.  He  was  also  the  bearer  of  a  letter 
to  that  monarch  from  the  King  of  Denmark  ;  he 
was  taken  into  custody,  and  on  May  25  the  Com- 
mons sent  him  to  the  Tower  for  levying  civil  war 
against  the  king  and  parliament.  On  Oct.  16  he 
was  required  to  return  to  Denmark  in  fourteen 
days,  taking  back  with  him  the  letter  he  had 
brought  for  the  English  king,  the  parliament  de- 
termining to  send  an  answer  to  the  King  of  Den- 
mark's letter  to  them  by  commissioners  of  their 
own. 

On  Oct.  14,  1647,  he  applied  to  the  House  of 
Lords  for  permission  to  deliver  letters  from  the 
King  of  Denmark  to  the  king,  he  having  recently 
arrived  from  Denmark,  and  having  instructions  to 
return  there  in  haste.  The  Lords  acceded  to  the 
request. 

He  was  imprisoned  at  Edinburgh,  but  obtained 
his  release  by  the  favour  of  Cromwell.  This  was 
apparently  in  or  before  1650.  A  curious  letter 
from  him  to  Cromwell,  dated  Cannigate,  Sept.  19, 
1650,  is  given  in  Nickolls's  Original  Letters  and 
Papers  of  State,  21. 

Subsequently,  going  to  the  continent,  he  be- 
came a  hired  spy  of  the  Protector,  acquainting 
his  government  from  time  to  time  with  all  the 
movements  and  designs  of  the  Royalists  abroad. 
Information  respecting  him  during  this  period 
may  be  gathered  from  Thurloe's  State  Papers. 

Hearing  of  the  Protector's  preparation  for  a 
foreign  war,  he  in  1655  offered  his  services  to 
him,  stating  that  if  they  were  declined  he  intended 
to  address  himself  to  the  King  of  Sweden  for  en- 
tertainment under  him,  having  refused  a  proper 
employment  from  the  emperor,  from  whose  court 
he  had  lately  come. 

When  or  where  he  died  is  not  known,  but 
amongst  the  petitions  to  Charles  II.,  supposed  to 
pertain  to  the  year  1662,  are  four,  which  are  thus 
abstracted  by  Mrs.  Green  (  Cal.  Dom.  State  Papers 
Charles  II.,  ii.  624)  :  — 

"  Clara  Magdalena,  widow  of  Major-General  Sir  John 
Henderson.  For  relief  to  transport  her  to  her  native 
country  as  promised  at  request  of  the  queen-  mother.  Her 
husband  served  the  late  King  in  the  war  as  governor  of 
Newark,  agent  in  Denmark,  Germany,  &c.,  and  had  an 
order  for  200/.,  which  was  never  paid." 

"The  same.  That  2001.  due  to  her  late  husband  as 
former  agent  in  Germany  may  be  paid  from  the  privy 
seal  for  relief  of  loyal  sufferers." 

"  The  same.  For  payment  of  her  debts  and  means  to 
transport  herself  to  her  own  country  from  the  20001.  or- 
dered by  privy  seal  dormant  of  March  19  last." 

"  The  same.  To  the  same  effect, — being  promised  aid 
from  the  privy  purse  on  recommendation  of  the  queen- 
mother." 

Lady  Henderson  must  have  had  no  little  assur- 
ance in  seeking  favour  from  Charles  II.,  for  it  is 
clear  that  she  was  aware  of  her  husband's  treachery 


3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  19,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


225 


to  that  monarch ;  indeed  she  had  herself  rendered 
assistance  in  worming  out  the  secrets  of  the  Roy- 
alists for  transmission  to  Cromwell. 

Sir  John  Henderson  had  six  children.  One  son 
was  taken  prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Worcester, 
but  obtained  his  freedom.  After  which,  against 
his  father's  will,  he  took  an  engagement  under 
Middleton  on  behalf  of  Charles  II. 

There  appear  to  have  been  four  successive  go- 
vernors of  the  royal  garrison  at  Newark,  viz.  Sir 
John  Henderson,  Sir  Richard  Byron,  Sir  Richard 
Willis,  and  Lord  Bellasis.  It  is  very  remarkable 
that  two  of  them  (Henderson  and  Willis)  acted 
treacherously  to  Charles  II.  when  in  exile. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 


"SCOTICISMS:"  BEATTIE:  DAVID  HUME: 

LORD  HAILES. 

Dean  Ramsey,  in  his  amusing  Sketches  of  Sco- 
tish  Life,  observes  that  he  has  two  rather  rare 
works  on  Scoticisms.  One  by  Dr.  Beattie,  and 
another  by  the  late  Sir  John  Sinclair.  The  for- 
mer is,  I  presume,  the  following  work  :  — 

"  Scoticisms ;  arranged  in  Alphabetical  Order,  designed 
to  correct  Improprieties  of  Speech  and  Writing.  Edin- 
burgh :  Printed  for  William  Creed,  Edinburgh ;  and  T. 
Cadell,  London,  1787." 

Some  months  since,  I  picked  up  a  very  fine 
uncut  copy  of  the  former  at  a  stall,  interleaved 
and  annotated  to  a  considerable  extent  by  some 
unknown  individual,  whose  observations  and  ad- 
ditions are  exceedingly  valuable.  Every  attempt 
to  ascertain  from  the  handwriting,  the  author  has 
hitherto  failed — a  circumstance  to  be  regretted; 
but  the  MS.  additions  themselves  indicate  that  he 
must  have  been  a  person  of  education  and  re- 
search. 

The  most  singular  circumstance,  however,  is 
this :  that  at  the  end  are  bound  thirty  or  forty 
pages  of  additional  MS.  material,  together  with 
a  tract  of  eight  leaves,  apparently  printed  for 
private  circulation ;  bearing  the  title  of  "  Scoti- 
cisms," but  having  no  title-page.  The  last  leaf  is 
descriptive  of  "  Books  published  by  the  same 
Author ;"  and  upon  investigating  the  contents  of 
the  three  books  described,  they  turn  out  all  to  be 
from  the  pen  of  David  Hume.  Thus  the  infer- 
ence is  obvious,  that  the  author  of  the  History  of 
England  and  the  Essays  was  the  author  of  the 
Scoticisms ;  but  why  they  appeared  in  this  odd 
form,  is  not  very  intelligible — unless  it  was  in- 
tended by  Hume  as  a  sort  of  specimen,  to  be  cir- 
culated among  his  private  friends,  whose  favour- 
able reception  might  be  an  inducement  for  his 
subsequently  reproducing  it  in  a  more  enlarged 
form. 

Sir  David  Dalrymple,  Lord  Hailes,  in  two  in- 
stances adopted  this  mode  of  eliciting  the  opinion 


of  some  few  individuals  on  whose  judgment  he 
placed  great  weight.  The  two  brochures  are  of 
great  rarity,  and  exist  only  in  very  few  libraries. 
One  of  them  is  entitled,  A  Specimen  of  Notes  on 
the  Scotish  Law  of  Scotland,  small  8vo.  In  the 
Address,  which  is  signed  by  his  Lordship,  he  men- 
tions he  had,  without  effect,  called  the  attention 
of  the  learned  to  an  explanation  of  the  obsolete 
words  used  through  the  Scotch  Magazine ;  and 
only  received  a  communication  from  "  one "  gen- 
tleman. He  thereupon  privately  printed  the 
specimen  ;  the  object  of  which  he  discloses  in  the 
following  paragraph  :  — 

"  My  purpose  is  to  explain  uncommon  and  obsolete 
words,  to  offer  conjectures  as  to  the  import,  of  obscure 
effusions,  to  illustrate  law  by  history,  and,  as  far  as  may 
be  practicable,  to  delineate  the  state  of  Scotland  and  the 
manners  of  the  Scotish  nation,  during  the  fifteenth  and 
sixteenth  centuries." 

No  assistance,  however,  was  given ;  and,  to  the 
loss  of  the  present  race  of  historical  students,  the 
lucubrations  of  this  most  accurate  and  accom- 
plished historian  went  no  farther. 

The  other  work  of  Lord  Hailes,  also  privately 
printed,  was  A  Glossary  of  the  Scotish  Language. 
This  was  circulated  in  the  same  form ;  and  it  is 
supposed  that  there  are  not  half-a-dozen  copies 
in  existence.  After  a  perusal,  these  two  rarities 
would  be  thrown  aside ;  and  in  course  of  time 
would  become  almost  unknown,  excepting  to  a 
few  literary  antiquaries.  The  "  specimen "  is 
verified  by  Lord  Hailes :  the  copy  before  me 
being  a  presentation  one  to  "  Mr.  John  Douglas, 
Advocate."  Of  the  authorship  of  the  Glossary, 
Mr.  Thomas  Thomson,  Deputy  Clerk  Registrar, 
had  no  doubt.  He  found  a  copy  at  New  Hailes, 
when  contemplating  a  complete  edition  of  the 
miscellaneous  works  of  this  learned  judge  and 
worthy  man.  J.  M. 


WEBSTER'S  "  DEVIL'S  LAW  CASE  ; "  ITS  DATE. 
This  play  was  published  in  1623,  and  the  REV. 
MR.  DYCE  justly  remarks  that  it  must  have  been 
written  but  a  short  time  before,  since  in  Act  IV. 
Sc.  2,  there  is  an  allusion  to  the  Dutch  massacre 
of  the  English  in  Amboyna  in  Feb.  1622.  The 
argument  is  the  stronger  in  that  the  passage  does 
not  read  like  an  after  interpolation  ;  but  as  this 
objection  can  always  be  raised  against  any  such 
single  proof,  I  may  perhaps  be  allowed  to 
strengthen  it  by  another.  In  Act  II.  Sc.  3, 
Ariosto  makes  some  remarks  upon  the  defiant 
and  ill-omened  names  given  by  Romelio  to  his 
ships,  whence  says  he,  "  he  never  looked  they'd 
prosper,  since  they  were  surely  cursed  from  their 
cradles."  Now  if  any  one  will  turn  to  the  Ob- 
servations of  Sir  Richard  Hawkins  in  his  Voyage 
into  the  South  Sea  (pp.  8—10,  Hakluyt  Soc.edit.), 


226 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3r<i  S.  IV.  SEPT.  19,  '63. 


I  think  he  will  see  the  origin  of  this  passage. 
Not  indeed  that  the  wording  is  the  same,  nor  the 
names  ;  but  the  digression  in  Sir  Richard's  book 
is  one  which  perhaps,  above  all  others  in  it,  would 
be  likely  to  fix  itself  in  the  memory  of  any  casual 
and  literary  reader,  while  the  passage  in  the  play 
reads  exactly  as  though  it  were  a  chance  bit 
which  had  so  infixed  itself  in  the  writer's  memory 
or  struck  him  as  an  available  waif  of  information, 
and  been,  so  to  speak,  seized  upon  and  worked 
up  and  adapted  to  his  purpose.  If  this  be  so,  we 
obtain  for  the  probable  date  of  the  play  the  same 
as  that  given  by  MR.  DYCE,  viz.  the  close  of  1622 
or  early  part  of  1623,  for  though  Sir  Richard's 
voyage  was  made  in  1593,  he  does  not  appear  to 
have  written  his  Observations  long  before  their 
publication  in  1622.  BENJ.  EAST. 

TOMB-STONES  AND  THEIR  INSCRIPTIONS.  —  Al- 
low me  to  make  a  suggestion,  which,  if  not  fully 
carried  out  by  order  of  the  Government  (as,  in 
my  opinion,  it  ought  to  be),  may  nevertheless  be 
at  least  partially  accomplished  by  means  of  pri- 
vate individuals.  My  suggestion  is,  to  have  a 
complete  copy  made  of  all  the  inscriptions  in  our 
city  and  village  churchyards,  before  the  hand  of 
time  has  further  defaced  and  rendered  illegible 
the  only  records  that  we  possess  respecting  many 
individuals  and  families  whose  names,  and  births, 
and  deaths,  often  become  the  subject  of  inquiry, 
and  even  of  litigation.  ANTIQUARIUS. 

Oxford. 

QUARTERLY  REVIEWS.  —  In  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S. 
viii.  124,  is  a  list  of  contributors  to  the  Foreign 
Quarterly  Review ;  there  is,  I  believe,  in  one  of  the 
old  volumes  of  the  Gentleman's  Magazine*  a 
similar  list  of  contributors  to  the  early  volumes  of 
the  Quarterly  Review.  These  lists  are  valuable, 
and  a  continuation  of  them,  or  of  any  of  the  Quar- 
terly Reviews,  would  be  of  great  service  to  the 
literary  public,  and  could  be  furnished  at  but 
little  trouble  by  the  editors  or  proprietors.  I 
just  draw  your  attention  to  the  subject,  and  per- 
haps you  could  obtain  such  for  insertion  in  some 
future  "  N.  &  Q." 

An  index  of  subjects  in  the  Quarterly  Reviews 
would  be  of  inestimable  value  to  writers  employed 
in  literary  research.  I  have  actually  made  one 
of  the  Quarterlies,  &c.,  that  I  possess ;  nor  do  I 
think  the  labour  lost ;  but  a  complete  one  of  all 
the  Quarterlies  is  a  work  much  needed. 

SAMUEL  SHAW. 
Andover. 

MIBABEAU  A  SPY. — One  of  the  objects  for  which 
"N.  &  Q."  was  started  was  the  preservation  of 
short  and  interesting  notes  which  readers  are  con- 
tinually meeting  with  in  out-of-the  way  and  unex- 

[*  See  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  1844,  part  i.  pp.  137, 
578.  —  ED.] 


pected  places.  Many  of  these  have  been  preserved 
in  its  pages,  and  made  available  by  the  capital 
indexes  to  your  volumes  and  series.  I  have  just 
stumbled  upon  one  such  in  Lord  Malmesbury's  in- 
teresting Diary  and  Correspondence  of  the  First 
Earl  of  Malmesbury .  It  relates  to  Mirabeau,  points 
him  out  as  the  author  of  an  anonymous  book,  and 
as  having  been  employed  as  a  spy  at  the  court  of 
Berlin :  — 

"Mirabeau  was  a  spy  at  Berlin.  His  letters  from 
thence  were  published  in  a  book  called '  La  Cour  de  Berlin 
par  un  Voyageur,'  and  much  has  been  said  as  to  whether 
they  were  genuine.  In  the  last  leaf  of  a  copy  at  Heron 
Court,  the  following  note  by  the  second  Lord  Malmesbury 
decides  the  question.  'On  the  27th  April,  1834,  I  met 
Prince  Talleyrand  at  dinner  at  Lord  Tankerville's.  The 
Prince  was  at  that  time  ambassador  at  our  court  from 
that  of  the  Tuilleries.  In  alluding  to  this  work,  I  re- 
marked that  it  was  generally  attributed  to  Mirabeau. 
Prince  Talleyrand  observed,  "  Mais  oui,  c'etait  bien  lui 
que  1'a  ecrit."  I  added,  that  it  appeared  to  me  to  be  the 
correspondence  of  an  agent  at  that  time  of  the  French 
government.  Prince  Talleyrand  immediately  replied 
"C'etait  avec'moi  qu'il  correspondait."  '  "  —  Diary  and 
Correspondence  of  the  First  Earl  of  Malmesbury,  vol.  ii.  p. 
187,  note. 

There  have  been  few  more  valuable  contribu- 
tions to  recent  history  than  these  instructive  vo- 
lumes. BOOKWORM. 

PAPER. — The  introduction  of  the  art  of  paper- 
making  into  England  is  generally  placed  early  in 
the  sixteenth  century,  when  two  mills,  one  at 
Hertford,  and  the  other  at  Dartford,  in  Kent,  are 
known  to  have  been  in  existence.  I  have  met 
with  a  reference  to  a  third,  which  seems  to  have 
been  in  operation  for  some  time  prior  to  the  34th 
year  of  Elizabeth  (1591)  :  — 

"  Fencliften,  co.  Cambridge.  Lease  of  a  Watermill, 
called  Paper-mills,  late  of  the  Bishopric  of  Ely,  to  John 
Grange,  dated  14th  July,  34th  Eliz." — Land  Revenue 
Records. 

H.  G.  H. 

LADY  MADELINA  PALMER. — In  De  Quincey's 
"English  Mail  Coach"  (Miscellanies,  ed.  1854, 
p.  289),  it  is  stated  that  Mr.  Palmer,  M.P.  for 
Bath,  the  inventor  of  mail  coaches,  married  the 
daughter  of  a  duke,  and  in  a  note  is  added  "  Lady 
Madeline  Gordon."  This  is,  I  believe,  a  mistake. 
Madelina,  daughter  of  Alexander,  fourth  Duke  of 
Gordon,  and  widow  of  Sir  Robert  Sinclair,  Bart., 
married  Nov.  25, 1805,  Charles  Fysh  Palmer,  Esq. 
of  Luckley  Park,  Berks,  who  was  subsequently 
M.P.  for  Reading.  S.  Y.  R. 

ORIGIN  OF  THE  SARACEN'S  HEAD. — 
"  Do  not,"  said  learned  John  Selden,  in  his  Table 
Talk,  "  undervalue  an  enemy  by  whom  you  have  been 
worsted.  When  our  countrymen  came  home  from  fighting 
with  the  Saracens,  and  were  beaten  by  them,  they  pic- 
tured them  with  huge,  big,  terrible  faces,  as  you  still  see 
the  sign  of  the  Saracen's  Head  is." 

D.  M.  STEVENS. 
Guildford. 


S.  IV.  SEPT.  19,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


227 


THE  END  OF  SPEECH. — "  The  end  of  speech," 
said  Talleyrand,  or  some  one  like  him,  "  is.  to 
conceal  the  thoughts,"  and  the  saying  has  passed 
into  a  proverb ;  to  counteract  its  influence,  pray 
reprint  the  following  from  a  better,  if  not  a  greater 
man :  — 

"  The  end  of  speech  is  the  uttering  sweetly  and  pro- 
perly the  conceits  of  the  mind." — Defence  of  Poesy  by 
Sir  Philip  Sidney." 

D.  M.  STEVENS. 

Gaildford. 


"DON  QUIXOTE." 

As  I  am  aware  that  the  principal  Spanish  edi- 
tions of  Don  Quixote,  as  well  as  the  principal 
French  and  English  translations,  have  been  men- 
tioned in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  my  object  in  sending  these 
few  lines  is  to  inquire  :  1.  What  are  the  tides  and 
dates  of  the  Latin,  Danish,  and  Portuguese  trans- 
lations ?  In  looking  over  the  Catalogue  a  few 
days  ago,  in  the  reading-room  of  the  British  Mu- 
seum, I  was  unable  to  find,  under  the  heading  of 
"  Don  Quixote,"  the  translations  in  these  three 
languages.*  Ticknor,  in  his  History  of  Spanish 
Literature  (vol.  iii.  p.  384,  London,  1849),  men- 
tions "  that  translations  of  Don  Quixote  have  ap- 
peared in  Latin,  Italian,  Dutch,  Danish,  Russian, 
Polish,  and  Portuguese,"  &c. 

My  next  Query  is,  Can  any  of  your  correspon- 
dents inform  me  what  are  the  merits  and  charac- 
ter of  the  Spanish  edition  of  Don  Quixote,  which 
was  published  in  America  under  the  following 
title :  — 

"  El  Ingenioso  Hidalgo  Don  Quijote  de  la  Mancha, 
compuesto  por  Miguel  de  Cervantes  Saavedra.  Nueva 
Edicion  Clasica,  illustrada  con  Notas  Histdricas,  Gram- 
maticales  y  Criticas,  por  la  Academia  Espanola,  sus 
Individuos  de  Niimero  Pellicer,  Arrieta,  y  Clemencin. 
Enmendada  y  corregida  por  Francisco  Sales,  A.M.,  In- 
structor de  Frances  y  Espanol  en  la  Universidad  de 
Havard,  en  Cambrigia,  Estado  de  Massachusetts,  Norte 
Ame'rica."  (2  torn.  12mo,  Boston,  1836.) 

This  edition  I  have  never  seen.  It  is  not  men- 
tioned by  Ticknor,  which  is  somewhat  surprising. 

My  third  Query  is,  Where  can  I  find  a  short 
biography  of  a  Rev.  John  Bowie,  a  Protestant 
clergyman,  who  published  a  very  learned  edition 
of  Don  Quixote  in  Spanish,  in  1781  ?  I  believe 
he  lived  in  a  village  near  Salisbury .f 

J.  D ALTOS. 

Norwich. 

[*  Our  correspondent  should  have  referred  to  the  entry 
Cervantes  Saavedra  (Miguel  de)  in  the  new  Catalogue, 
where  there  are  nearly  twenty  pages  filled  with  the  vari- 
ous editions  of  Don  Quixote. ' 

t  Biographical  notices  of  John  Bowie,  Clerk,  and  Vicar 
of  Idmiston,  may  be  found  in  the  Gent.  Mag.,  Iviii.  1029, 
1122 ;  Nichols's" Literary  Anecdotes,  ii.  553 ;  iii.  ICO,  670  ; 


THE  REV.  WILLIAM  JARVIS  ABDY.  —  Can  any 
of  your  readers  favour  me  with  a  copy  of  Mr. 
Abdy's  epitaph?  He  died  in  April,  1823,  and  was 
probably  buried  in  St.  John's  church,  Horslydown, 
Southwark,  where  he  officiated  for  more  than  forty 
years ;  the  place  of  bis  burial  is  not  stated  in  the 
memoir  published  by  his  son  in  1823,  and  pre- 
fixed to  a  volume  of  his  father's  sermons.  This 
son,  the  Rev.  J.  Channing  Abdy,  succeeded  him 
in  the  rectory  of  St.  John's,  Horslydown,  and  died 
January  27,  1845,  aged  52.  Any  recollections  of 
them  would  be  acceptable.  F.  G. 

REV.  RICHARD  BARRY,  M.A. — This  gentleman 
was  Rector  of  Upton  Scudamore,  sometime  in  the 
latter  half  of  the  last  century.  It  is  believed  his 
father  was  rector  and  patron  of  the  same  living ; 
and  said  to  be  a  collateral  descendant  of  Chicheley, 
Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  temp.  Henry  VI.  Of 
Mr.  Barry's  family  one  son,  Richard,  acted  as 
secretary  to  General  Fox,  and  was  Assistant  Quar- 
termaster General  with  the  army  in  Flanders  in 
1794-5  :  this  appointment,  as  appears  by  a  letter 
from  him  dated  1795,  having  been  given  him  by 
the  Duke  of  York.  Another  son  was  Gaius 
Barry,  M.A.,  Rector  of  Little  Sodbury,  from 
1819  to  1850. 

I  should  be  glad  to  ascertain :  1.  What  was  his 
coat  of  arms  ?  2.  Did  he  prefer  any  claim  as  "  of 
Founder's  kin"  at  All  Souls,  Oxford?  3.  In 
what  year  did  he  die  ?  4.  Are  any  of  his  writings 
known  ? 

The  Stemmata  ChicJteleana  would  doubtless  af- 
ford the  information  upon  the  third  Query  ;  but  I 
am  not  able  to  consult  it,  nor  am  I  aware  whether 
there  is  any  other  than  the  one  in  the  library  of 
All  Souls.*  J.  S.  KENSINGTON. 


vi.  182,  183 ;  viii.  660,  667 ;  Nichols's  Literary  Illustra- 
tions, vi.  382,  402,  403,  411;  vii.  592;  viii.  165, 169,  193, 
274.  Consult  also,  Letters  of  the  Rev.  James  Granger, 
M.A.,  8vo,  1805,  pp.  37—47.  Mr.  Bowie  edited  an  edi- 
tion of  Don  Quixote  in  Spanish,  for  which  he  was  attacked 
by  Baretti,  under  the  title  of  Tolondroa.  (Nicolas's  Life 
of  Ritson,  p.  xxii.)  Mr.  Bowie  also  published  "  A  Letter 
to  Bishop  Percy,  concerning  a  new  and  classical  edition 
of  Don  Quixote,  Lond.  1777,  4to."] 

[*  The  name  of  Barry  only  occurs  in  Table  No.  276, 
of  the  Stemmata  Chicheleana,  where  is  given  the  marriage 
of  James  Barry,  fourth  Earl  of  Barrymore,  who  had  for 
his  second  wife  Lady  Elizabeth  Savage,  daughter  and 
heir  to  Richard,  Earl  Rivers,  and  by  her  (who  died  19 
March,  1714,)  he  had  the  Lady  Penelope  Barry,  who  was 


of  the  Barry  family  from  monumental  inscriptions: 
"  Nicholas  Barrv,  M.A.,  son  of  Richard  Barry,  Rector  of 
Upton  Scudamore,  ob.  Aug.  .3, 1734.  Rev.  Richard  Barry, 
M.A.,  fifty- eight  years  Rector  of  the  same  parish,  ob. 
Nov.  21, 1749.  Rev.  Richard  Barry,  Rector  of  the  same 
parish,  and  Vicar  of  Bitton,  co.  Gloucester,  ob.  Feb.  21, 
1766.  Rev.  Richard  Barry,  Rector  of  Upton  Scudamore, 
ob.  Sept.  22,  1779.— ED.]  " 


228 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S. 


gEpT-  19>  '(5:., 


ST.  ANTHONY'S  TEMPTATION.  —  Where  is  the 
original  narrative  of  this  favourite  subject  of  the 
early  painters  to  be  found  ?  Having  recently  ex- 
amined Breughel's  famous  but  grotesque  picture 
in  the  Balbi  Palace,  Genoa,  as  well  as  others,  I 
am  anxious  to  get  at  the  authority.  r. 

SIR  THOMAS  BARTLET. — He  died  before  1614; 
but  I  should  be  glad  to  know  the  exact  date. 
Was  he  related  to  Elizabeth  Bartlet,  first  married 
to  Sir  Richard  Cave,  and  afterwards  to  Dr.  Yate, 
Principal  of  Brazennose  ?  Wood  (F.  0.,  i.  239, 
ed.  Bliss,)  says  that  she  died  Jan.  11,  1688,  aged 
eighty  or  more,  and  was  buried  near  Dr.  Yate. 
Her  arms  are  impaled  on  his  monument.  CPL. 

BIBLE  TRANSLATORS.  —  Wanted  the  dates  of 
death,  and  ages  if  possible,  of  the  translators  of 
the  authorised  version  of  the  Scriptures,  A.D. 
1611  ;  namely,  Dr.  Francis  Burleigh,  Dr.  Geoffry 
King,  Richard  Thompson,  William  Bedwell,1  Ed- 
ward Lively,  Francis  Dillingham,  Thomas  Harri- 
son, Dr.  Robert  Spalding,  Dr.  Andrew  Byng,  Dr. 
John  Harding,  Dr.  Miles  Smith,*  Dr.  Ralph  Hut- 
cheson,  Dr.  Roger  Fenton,3  Michael  Rabbett,  Dr. 
Thomas  Sanderson.  X.  Y.  Z. 

BLOUNT  OF  BITTON.  —  Can  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents oblige  me  with  the  descent  of  Robert 
Blount,  who  was  seised  of  the  manor  of  Bitton, 
co.  Gloucester,  in  the  reign  of  Henry  IV.  ? 

Richard  le  Blount  held  the  manor  20  Edw.  II. ; 
but  dying  without  issue,  was  succeeded  by  his 
brother  Edmond,  who  died  36  Edw.  III.  It  was 
then  held  by  Edmond  Blount  (4  Rich.  II.) ;  and 
by  William  Blount  (22  Rich.  II.),  whose  daugh- 
ter and  heiress  Isabel  succeeded  him,  but  died 
without  issue.  On  her  decease  the  manor  came 
to  Robert  Blount — the  subject  of  my  Query. 
Atkyns,  in  his  Gloucestershire  (p.  148,  s.  v.  "  Bit- 
ton  "),  only  says  he  was  her  "  next  kinsman." 

I  should  be  glad  to  learn  how,  and  also  what 
was  the  relationship  between,  the  Edmonds  and 
William  ?  JOHN  WOODWARD. 

THOMAS  BROOKS. — Having  failed  to  trace  either 
the  birth-place  or  birth-date  of  this  eminent 
Puritan,  well-known  as  the  author  of  Apples  of 
Gold,  Precious  Remedies  against  Satan's  Devices, 
&c.  &c.,  and  being  about  to  conclude  a  Memoir  of 
him  for  a  collective  edition  of  his  Works,  I  make 
a  forlorn-hope  appeal  to  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  to 
aid  me  in  securing  one  or  both?  Will  readers 
familiar  with  their  respective  county  histories  and 
parish  registers  kindly  let  me  know  of  any  Thomas 
Brooks  mentioned  therein?  He  died  in  1680,  in 
London,  in  a  good  old  age.  A.  B.  GHOSART. 


[!  Wm.  Bedwell,  ob.  May  5,  1632,  aged  seventy.  Ro- 
binson's Hist,  of  Tottenham,  p.  104,  ed.  1818.  —  2  Miles 
Smith,  afterwards  Bishop  of  Gloucester,  ob.  Oct.  20, 1624. 
Stubbs's  Registrum  Sacrum  Anglicanum,  p.  91.  —  3  Roger 
Fenton,  ob.  Jan.  16,  1615.  Newcourt's  Reperforiwn,  i. 
197,-Eo.] 


CAREW  AND  BROKE.  —  George  Carew,  Earl  of 
Tcrtnes,  and  Henry  Broke,  eighth  Baron  Cobham, 
were  near  kinsmen.  I  shall  be  much  obliged  if 
some  genealogical  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  will  kindly 
point  out  to  me  their  common  descent  and  degree 
of  affinity.  Notwithstanding  some  research  I  have 
failed  to  discover  the  connection. 

JOHN  MACLEAN. 

CARVED   HEAD  IN  ASTLET   CHURCH.  —  On   a 

pillar  supporting  one  of  the  Norman  arches  on  the 
north  side  of  the  nave  of  Astley  church  near  Stour- 
port,  Worcestershire,  is  a  single  head  in  relief, 
carved  by  no  common  artist.  Neither  inscription 
nor  topographical  history  tells  the  tale  of  this  sin- 
gular monument.  From  the  position  of  the  head  in 
relief,  more  than  halfway  up  the  shaft  of  the  pillar 
looking  downwards,  it  has  been  supposed  to  con- 
template a  grave  underneath  the  pavement  ;  but 
as  extensive  alterations  were  made  early  in  the 
present  century  in  this  fine  old  church,  many 
traces  of  its  past  history  have  been  obliterated. 
The  chancel-arch  and  nave  aisles  are  of  early  Nor- 
man work,  and  the  church  was  originally  depen- 
dent upon  an  alien  priory  at  Evreux  in  Nor- 
mandy. 

Were  it  not  for  the  admirable  workmanship  of 
the  head,  I  should  have  thought  it  contemporary 
with  the  pillar  itself,  so  little  has  it  the  appearance 
of  a  later  insertion.  Do  any  of  your  correspon* 
dents  know  of  a  similar  monument,  or  is  this 
curious  specimen  unique  ? 

.  E.  WINNING-TON. 


GEORGE  EDWARDS,  F.R.S.  —  Can  any  one  give 
me  any  information  as  to  the  ancestors  of  George 
Edwards,  the  naturalist,  who  was  sometime  libra- 
rian to  the  Royal  College  of  Physicians.  I  wish 
to  know  if  he  were  connected  with  a  family  of 
Suffolk  of  the  same  name.*  E. 

ENGRAVINGS  OF  RELIGIOUS  RITES.  —  Wanted, 
references  to  books  containing  engravings  of  re- 
ligious rites  or  customs,  throughout  the  world, 
ancient  or  modern.  To  save  trouble  the  enquirer 
knows  Picart,  Gardiner,  Calmet,  David  Roberts, 
and  most  of  the  professedly  illustrated  works. 
What  he  requires  are  those  in  Voyages,  Travels, 
and  Missionary  Books.  DRAUGHTSMAN. 

REV.  WILLIAM  FELTON.  —  I  extract  the  follow- 
ing from  Musical  Biography,  1814,  ii.  59:  — 

"  The  Rev.  William  Felton,  prebendary  of  Hereford, 
was  celebrated  in  his  day  for  a  neat  and  rapid  execution 
on  the  organ  and  the  harpsichord.  He  published  three 
sets  of  Concertos  for  these  instruments,  in  imitation  of 
those  of  Handel,  and  two  or  three  sets  of  Lessons,  which 
have  been  in  considerable  request.  They  are  not,  how- 
ever, now  to  be  met  with,  except  occasionally  amongst 
collections  of  secondhand  music." 


[*  George  Edwards  was  a  native  of  Essex :  see  a  notice 
on  him  in  our  3rd  S.  ii.  413.— ED.] 


IV.  SEPT.  19,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


229 


On  referring  to  the  index  I  find  it  stated  that 
Mr.  Felton  flourished  1730.  In  a  Dictionary  of 
Musicians,  1824,  the  preceding  article  is  copied 
with  the  substitution  of  "  his  time"  for  "his  day," 
and,  absurdly  enough,  there  is  nothing  in  that 
work  which  gives  any  clue  to  what  is  meant  by 
"  his  time,"  except  the  allusion  to  Handel.  Mr. 
Chappell  (Popular  Music,  682)  also  mentions  the 
Rev.  William  Felton,  prebendary  of  Hereford,  as 
a  musical  composer.  I  do  not  find  Mr.  Felton's 
name  amongst  the  prebendaries  of  Hereford  enu- 
merated in  Mr.  Hardy's  edition  of  Le  Neve's  Fasti, 
It  is  to  be  hoped  that  some  correspondent  may  be 
able  to  give  a  more  precise  and  accurate  account 
of  this  gentleman  than  we  now  possess. 

S.  Y.  R. 

GAMES  :  MERRT-MAIN. — 

"  Whatever  games  were  stirring,  at  places  where  he 
retired,  as  gammon,  gleek,  piquet,  or  even  merry  main  (?) 
(sic),  he  made  one  — Life  of  Lord  Keeper  Guildford,  vol.  i. 
p.  17."  Southey's  Common-place  Booh,  under  "  Collections 
for  English  Manners  and  Literature." 

I  presume  "  gammon "  is  our  backgammon, 
and  "  gleek "  some  sort  of  game  with  cards ; 
"  piquet"  we  know,  but  what  was  "  merry  main"  ? 
Was  it  a  main  of  dice,  or  a  main  of  cocks  ?  I 
incline  to  the  latter,  as  there  would  be  no  reason 
for  North  writing  "  even "  before  the  dicing 
game.  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

HEATH  BEER.  —  There  is  a  curious  tradition, 
quickly  fading  out  from  the  remoter  districts  in 
Ireland,  where  Irish  is  still  the  only  spoken  lan- 
guage, of  the  Danish  invaders  having  used  an 
inebriating  liquor  made  from  heath,  the  secret  of 
making  which  was  lost  at  their  expulsion.  The 
peasantry  term  this  "beoir-lochlonnach"  (loclonac, 
literally,  strong  at  sea,  an  epithet  applied  to  the 
Northmen  generally  by  the  Celtic  races),  and  the 
sites  of  the  brewing  vats  are  still  pointed  out  in 
secluded  spots.  There  is  a  curious  and  learned 
paper  on  this  subject  in  the  Ulster  Journal  of  Ar- 
cheology for  July,  1859;  but  the  inquiry  has  not 
been  answered,  whether  any  similar  remains  and 
traditions  occur  at  the  British  side  of  the  Channel  ? 

J.  L. 

HERALDIC.  —  I  wish  to  ask  the  advice  of  some 
of  the  learned  correspondents  of  "  N.  &  Q."  under 
the  following  circumstances  :  —  My  father  was  the 
son  of  a  gentleman  who  bore  arms,  but  having 
been  wildly  inclined  in  his  youth  he  ran  away  from 
home,  and  got  his  living  eventually  as  a  mechanic. 
I  have,  by  my  own  exertions,  restored  myself  to 
that  position  which  my  father  forfeited.  I  now 
wish  to  know  if  my  right  to  use  the  arms  of  my 
family  is  impaired  by  the  fact  of  his  having  prac- 
tised a  mechanical  art,  and  if  it  will  be  necessary 
for  me  to  get  a  new  grant  of  arms  ?  I  am  told 
that  my  gentility  is  done  away  by  his  misconduct, 
and  that  a  new  grant  is  necessary :  is  this  so  ? 

P.P. 


HERBERT  OF  CARDIFF.  —  Barbara,  daughter  of 
Harry  Herbert  of  Cardiff,  married  Harry  Mon- 
creiffe,  son  of  David  Moncreiffe  of  MoncreifFe. 
This  David  died  before  1649.  Can  any  corre- 
spondent give  me  any  information  about  this  fa- 
mily of  Herbert,  &c.  &c.  ?  Were  they  of  Powys 
or  of  Pembroke,  &c.  ?  How  came  Cardiff  Castle 
into  the  possession  of  the  Stuarts,  Marquisses  of 
Bute  ?  Can  any  pedigree  of  the  Herberts  of  Car- 
diff be  seen  ?  An  answer  to  these  queries  will 
much  oblige.  R.  W.  BLENCOWE. 

MAXIMS  :  NEWBERY  :  GOLDSMITH. — There  was 
printed  at  London  for  T.  Carnan,  at  Mr.  New- 
bery's,  the  Bible  and  Sun,  in  St.  Paul's  Church- 
yard, 1751,  a  little  book  with  this  title  :  — 

"  An  Index  to  Mankind ;  or,  Maxims  selected  from 
Wits  of  all  Nations  for  the  Benefit  of  the  Present  Age 
and  Posterity.  By  Mrs.  Mary  Midnight,  Author  of  the 
'  Midwife,  or  Old  Woman's  Magazine.'  Intermix'd  with 
some  curious  reflections  by  that  Lady,  and  a  Preface  by 
her  good  Friend  the  late  Mr.  Pope."  * 

The  maxims  are  excellent,  and  it  would  be 
desirable  to  find  out  the  author  who  in  the  Pre- 
face remarks :  — • 

"  Many  fresh  maxims  are  added  to  this  work — if  such  an 
expression  may  be  allowed  of:  for  in  propriety  of  speech 
there  can  be  no  such  thing  as  a  new  maxim,  for  maxims 
are  founded  upon  truth ;  and  Truth,  like  her  Author,  is 
eternally  and  invariably  the  same." 

Goldsmith  was  much  employed  by  Newbery. 
Could  he  have  any  hand  in  the  preparation  of  this 
little  work  ? 

A  few  instances  may  be  given  of  the  clever  way 
in  which  these  maxims  are  put.  Thus  :  — 

"  A  politician's  conscience  is  like  a  pair  of  breeches,  to 
be  taken  up  or  let  down  as  it  may  suit  the  ease  or  con- 
venience of  the  wearer." 

"  An  English  malcontent  is  like  a  dog  shut  out  of  doors 
on  a  cold  night,  who  only  howls  to  be  let  in." 

"  Debauching  a  Member  of  the  House  of  Commons 
from  his  principles,  and  creating  him  a  peer,  is  not  much 
better  than  making  a  woman  a  whore,  and  afterwards 
marrying  her." 

"  the  thoughts  of  freedom  make  people  easy  in  a  re- 
publick,  though  they  suffer  more  than  under  an  arbitrary 
monarch." 

"  Many  who  carry  the  liberty  of  the  people  highest, 
serve  them  as  they  do  trout,  tickle  them  till  they  catch 
them." 

J.  M. 

"  MAT  MAIDS  "  IN  IRELAND,  FRANCE,  AND 
BELGIUM. — In  the  south-eastern  parts  of  Ireland 
(and  no  doubt  all  over  the  island)  a  custom  used 
to  prevail  —  perhaps  so  still — on  Mayday,  when 
the  young  people  of  both  sexes,  and  many  old 
people  too,  collected  in  districts  and  localities, 
and  selected  the  handsomest  girl,  of  from  eighteen 
to  twenty-one  years  of  age,  as  queen  of  the 


[*  We  may  as  well  add  the  laconic  Preface  said  to  be 
by  A.  Pope :  "  Blessed  is  the  man  who  expects  nothing, 
for  he  shall  never  be  disappointed." — ED.] 


230 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


S.  IV.  SEPT.  19,  '63. 


district  for  twelve  months.  She  was  then  crowned 
with  wild  flowers,  and  feasting,  dancing,  and 
rural  sports  were  closed  by  a  grand  procession  in 
the  evening.  The  duties  of  her  majesty  were  by 
no  means  heavy,  as  she  had  only  to  preside  over 
rural  assemblies  of  young  follc  at  dances  and 
merrymakings,  and  had  the  utmost  obedience  paid 
to  her  by  all  classes  of  her  subjects.  If  she  got 
married  before  the  next  Mayday  her  authority 
was  at  an  end,  but  still  she  held  office  until  that 
day,  when  her  successor  to  the  throne  was  chosen. 
If  not  married  during  her  reign  of  twelve  months, 
she  was  capable  of  being  re-elected,  but  that  sel- 
dom happened,  as  there  was  always  found  some 
candidate,  put  forward  by  the  young  men  of  the 
district,  to  dispute  the  crown  the  next  year. 
During  a  short  residence  in  Normandy  and  Flan- 
ders, I  saw  processions  of  May  maids — exactly 
like  what  used  to  take  place  in  Ireland — crowning 
with  flowers,  &c. ;  but  I  could  not  ascertain  if  a 
queen  were  elected.  Perhaps  some  correspondent 
acquainted  with  Normandy  and  Flanders  can  say 
something  on  this  subject,  as  it  would  be  in- 
teresting to  ascertain  how  similar  practices  pre- 
vail in  the  three  countries.  S.  REDMOND. 
Liverpool. 

MEDIATISED  GERMAN  PRINCES. — Where  can  I 
find  a  list  of  the  mediatised  German  Princes  ? 

J.  WOODWARD. 

PHILLIPS  FAMILY.  —  Any  information  concern- 
ing the  ancestors  of  the  Rev.  George  Phillips  (who 
was  graduated  at  Caius  College,  Cambridge,  in 
1613,  settled  as  a  minister  at  Box  ted,  in  Essex, 
and  emigrated  to  Massachusetts  in  1630)  will  be 
gratefully  received  by  J.  C.  L. 

SCOTTISH  GAMES.  — 

"  What,  for  instance,  are  we  to  understand  by  the 
King  (James  IV.)  playing  at  the  prop  in  Strathbogy, 
and  losing  four  shillings  and  fourpence  ?  and  what  is  the 
difference  between  the  long  bowlis  with  which  his  Majesty 
amused  himself  at  St.  Andrews,  on  the  28th  April,  1487, 
and  the  row  bowlis  which  contributed  to  his  royal  diver- 
sion on  the  20th  June,  1501  ? .  .  .  What  again  are  we  to 
understand  by  the  Kiles  which  the  King  played  at  in 
Glenluce  on  the  29th  March,  1506  ?  and  what  is  the  dis- 
tinction between  the  game  of  Irish  gamyne  (March  17th, 
1507)  and  the  'tables'  which  occur  so  constantly." — 
Tytler's  Lives  of  Scottish  Worthies,  vol.  iii.  pp.  341-2, 
under  "  Ancient  Scottish  Games  and  Amusements." 

I  am  in  the  dark  as  to  all  these  queries,  but 
would  suggest  that  "  prop"  may  have  been  some 
sort  of  "  Aunt  Sally  "  diversion,  or  else  it  may  be 
a  contraction  of  propulsion,  and  mean  something 
like  "  putting  the  stone,"  or  of  propounding  or 
asking  of  riddles. 

As  to  "  lang  bowlis,"  I  take  it  golf  is  meant, 
especially  as  St.  Andrew's  is  the  scene  ;  or  it  may 
have  been  football,  called  in  Old  England  ba- 
lowne  or  balloon. 

May  "  kiles "  be  a  misprint,  or  misreading  for 


kites,  quoits,  coits,  koits,  as  the  word  is  variously 
spelt  ?  Perhaps  kile,  or  keel-pins  =  skittles,  I 
think. 

"  Irish  gamyne "  I  can  make  nothing  cf.  It 
must  have  been  some  sort  of  horse-play. 

"  Tables  "  may  mean  shuffleboard. 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

ANCIENT  SUNDIAL.  —  Over  the  south  door  of 
the  curious  ancient  church  of  Bishopstone,  near 
Newhaven,  there  is  a  sundial  bearing  the  inscrip- 
tion :  — 

«  +  BAD 
R  I  C." 

The  hours  are  not  numbered.  Is  this  of  Saxon 
origin  ?  B.  H.  C. 

KING  WILLIAM  III.  —  I  have  two  anonymous 
volumes  relative  to  King  William ;  one  entitled 
An  Impartial  History  of  the  Plots  and  Conspiracies 
against  the  Life  of  His  Sacred  Majesty,  King  W\l~ 
liam  III.  (18mo,  London.  1696);  and  the  other, 
"  by  R.  K.",*  A  True  History  of  the  several  De- 
signs and  Conspiracies  against  His  Majesties  Sacred 
Person  and  Government,  1688 — 1697  (small  8vo, 
London,  1698).  They  are  distinct  publications, 
and,  if  I  mistake  not,  rather  uncommon.  For  a 
special  purpose  I  am  desirous  to  know  by  whom 
they  were  written.  ABHBA. 


Citterns' 


Snstucrs. 


BISHOP  Cox,  or  ELY,  AND  QUEEN  ELIZABETH.  — 
In  Murray's  Handbook  to  the  Cathedrals  of  Eng- 
land (Eastern  Division,  "  Ely  Cathedral,"  p.  255), 
occurs  the  following  explanation  of  the  circum- 
stance under  which  Bishop  Cox  is  said  to  have 
received  an  extraordinary  letter  from  Queen  Eli- 
zabeth ;  a  copy  of  which  I  send  to  "  N.  &  Q.," 
though  it  has  often  been  printed  :  — 

"  In  1559  Edward  Cox,  on  the  deprivation  of  Bishop 
Thirlby,  was  consecrated  to  the  See  of  Ely  ;  from  which, 
under  the  pressure  of  the  Queen  and  Courtiers,  he  was 
compelled  to  alienate  many  of  the  best  Manors.  .  .  .  The 
Lord  Keeper  Hatton  subsequently  procured  the  aliena- 
tion of  a  portion  of  the  Bishop's  property  at  Holborn  ; 
and  it  was  on  making  resistance  to  this  spoliation  that 
Cox  received  this  celebrated  letter  from  the  Queen  :  — 

"  '  Proud  Prelate,  —  You  know  what  you  were  before  I 
made  you  what  you  are.  If  you  do  not  immediately  com- 
ply with  my  request,  by  G  —  I  will  unfrock  you. 

'  ELIZABETH.'  " 

I  ask  you,  What  authority  is  there  for  this 
letter  ?  I  believe  it  is  not  authentic.  This  was 
the  opinion  of  the  late  Dr.  Lingard. 

J.  D  ALTON. 

[Xo  earlier  authority  has  been  found  for  this  letter 
than  the  Annual  Register  of  1761,  p.  15,  where  it  is  said 
to  be  "taken  from  the  Register  of  Ely."  Sir  Harris 

of  whom  see  "  N.  &  Q." 


[_*  R.  K.  is  Richard  Kingston, 
3r<»  S.  ii.  470 ;  iii.  76, 199.— ED.] 


3**  S.  IV.  SEPT.  19,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


231 


Nicolas,  in  his  Life  of  Sir  Christopher  Hatton,  p.  36, 
wisely  remarks :  "  There  are  so  many  versions  of  this 
pithy  letter,  that  its  authenticity  becomes  doubtful."] 

"THE  WHOLE  DUTY  OF  MAN." — Who  was  the 
author  of  the  Whole  Duty  of  Man,  laid  down  in  a 
familiar  Way  for  the  Use  of  All,  but  especially  for 
the  Meanest  Reader.  The  work  is  sometimes  at- 
tributed to  the  pious  Robert  Nelson.  It  belongs 
to  his  era :  but  I  have  heard  it  referred  to  the 
celebrated  John  Kettlewell,  and  this  seems  con- 
firmed by  the  following  expressions  in  his  epi- 
taph :  "  Qualem  fateare  par  est,  qui  totius  officit 
nostri  rationes,  annum  adhuc  agens  vigesimum 
quartum,  feliciter  adeo  atque  ex  animo  explicuit." 

Where  can  I  find  a  Life  of  Kettlewell,  besides 
that  by  Robert  Nelson  and  the  notices  in  Lath- 
bury's  History  of  the  Non-Jurors  ? 

JUXTA  TCRRIM. 

[Robert  Nelson  was  born  on  June  22,  1656,  and  John 
Kettlewell  on  March  10,  1653 ;  The  JVhole  Duty  of  Man 
was  first  published  in  1658,  so  that  these  two  eminently 
pious  men  must  be  taken  off  the  list  of  claimants  for  the 
authorship  of  this  celebrated  production.  Dates  are  some- 
times very  useful  in  settling  disputed  points. — The  Me- 
moirs of  the  Life  of  Mr.  John  Kettlewell,  8vo,  1718,  and 
which  is  also  prefixed  to  the  folio  edition  of  his  Workt, 
1719, 2  vols.,  although  compiled  from  the  manuscripts  left 
by  Robert  Nelson  (p.  436,  8vo  edition),  was  brought  out 
under  the  co-editorship  of  Dr.  George  Hickes  and  Dr. 
Francis  Lee.  (See  Kennett's  Collection,  vol.  liii.  p.  393, 
Lansdowne  MSS. ;  and  Birch's  Life  of  Abp.  Tillotson, 
p.  247,  edit.  1753).  There  is  a  Life  of  John  Kettlewell  in 
the  British  Magazine  for  1832,  vol.  ii.  pp.  10,  120,  as  well 
as  in  the  Church  of  England  Magazine  for  1842,  vol.  xii. 
pp.  35,  85 ;  but  these  are  merely  compilations  from  the 
original  memoir.] 

FLAMBOROUGH  TOWER. — Can  you  give  any  ac- 
count or  tradition  respecting  the  Danes  tower  :  a 
ruin,  now  almost  demolished,  standing  in  a  field 
at  the  west  end  of  the  town  of  Flamborough,  in 
Yorkshire  ?  It  (the  town)  is  said  to  be  a  very 
ancient  place,  and  to  have  been  formerly  of  some 
note.  The  tower  appears  to  have  been  erected 
as  a  stronghold,  and  probably  to  resist  the  incur- 
sions of  the  Danes,  or  to  have  formed  part  of  a 
castle.  There  are  numerous  mounds  in  the  field, 
as  if  the  ruins  or  foundations  of  a  larger  structure 
had  been  grown  over  by  the  grass. 

The  lower  story  is  arched  over  with  a  wagon- 
headed  vault.  It  is  built  of  the  neighbouring 
limestone.  JNO.  A.  BROWN,  Archt. 

86,  King  Street,  Manchester. 

[A  description  of  this  tower,  with  an  engraving,  will 
be  found  in  Knox's  Descriptions  Geological,  Topogra- 
phical, and  Antiquarian,  in  Eastern  Yorkshire,  Svo,  1855, 
p.  140.  Mr.  Knox  says,  that  "  the  name  Danish  Tower, 
now  usurping  that  of  the  Flamborough  Tower,  is  a  mis- 
nomer. In  all  its  characteristics  it  answers  to  an  early 
Saxon  Christian  chapel  or  church;  and  not  at  all  to 
what  is  called  a  Danish  tower.  .  .  .  This  old  building 
consists  of  only  one  long  square  room  on  the  ground 
(and  it  never  was  otherwise),  being  nine  long  paces  in 
length  at  the  inside,  east  and  west,  and  six  and  a  half  in 
width,  north  and  south,  set  nearly  to  the  cardinal  points. 


Its  height  at  the  inside  is  about  twenty  feet,  and  its 
flag-stone  roof,  now  falling  in,  is  supported  on  ten  cir- 
cular stone  arches;  which  style  of  architecture  carries 
the  building  of  it  to  an  era  earlier  than  the  Gothic 
period."] 

NORFOLK  AND  SUFFOLK.  —  What  are  the  best 
genealogical  histories  of  these  counties  ?  Indeed, 
I  shall  be  obliged  by  a  reference  to  any  works 
likely  to  assist  me  in  pedigrees  of  families  of  Nor- 
folk and  Suffolk.  .  E. 

[Blomefield's  History  of  Norfolk,  1739-75,  fol.,  5  vols., 
and  the  edition  of  1805-10,  8vo,  11  vols.,  is  the  best 
printed  work  to  be  consulted.  The  manuscript  collections 
of  Gibbons,  Le  Neve,  Craven  Ord,  Suckling,  &c.,  for  this 
county  are  in  the  British  Museum.  Vide  Sims's  Manual 
for  the  Genealogist,  Sfc.,  ed.  1856,  p.  215 ;  and  "  N.  &  Q.," 
1*  S.  xii.  327 ;  2"d  g. ,.  i62 .  vj.  343.— Printed  works  on 
Suffolk  are,  A  History  of  Hawsted  and  Hardwick,  by  Sir 
John  Cullum,  Lond.  1813,  4to;  The  History  of  Hengrave, 
by  J.  Gage,  Lond.  1822,  4to;  The  History  of  Suffolk 
(Thingoe  Hundred),  by  J.  Gage,  Lond.  1838, 4to;  History 
of  the  County  of  Suffolk,  by  the  Rev.  A.  Suckling,  2  vols., 
Lond.  1846,  fol.  The  valuable  MS.  collections  for  this 
county,  by  D.  E.  Davy,  Esq.,  and  H.  Jermyn,  Esq.,  are 
deposited  among  the  Additional  MSS.  in  the  British 
Museum.  Minor  collections  by  Craven  Ord,  Gibbons,  and 
Suckling,  are  in  the  same  library.  Vide  Sims's  Manual, 
pp.  220—222;  and  "N.  &  Q,"  2°d  S.  i.  94,  162,  205; 
vi.  348.] 

LINES  ON  LONDON  DISSENTING  MINISTERS  (1" 
S.  i.  454.)— Who  was  the  "  Papal  Wright"  of  the 
above?  A  brief  biography  in  reply,  including 
whose  son  he  was,  and  whom  he  married,  will 
much  oblige.  R.  W.  DIXON. 

[Papal  Wright  was  Samuel  Wright,  D.D.,  a  minister 
of  some  celebrity  in  London,  who  was  born  on  Jan.  30, 
1682-3.  He  was  the  eldest  son  of  the  Rev.  James  Wright 
of  Retford,  co.  Nottingham,  by  Eleanor,  daughter  of  Mr. 
Cotton,  a  gentleman  in  Yorkshire,  and  father  to  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Cotton  of  Westminster.  About  two  years  after 
his  settlement  at  the  Carter  Lane  meeting-house,  Dr. 
Wright  married  the  widow  of  his  predecessor  (Matthew 
Sylvester),  daughter  of  the  Rev.  Obadiah  Hughes  of 
Enfield.  By  this  lady  he  had  only  one  daughter.  Dr. 
Wright  died  on  the  3rd  April,  1746,  in  the  sixty-fourth 
j'ear  of  his  age.  Vide  Wilson's  History  of  Dissenting 
Churches,  ii.  139—147,  et  seq.J 

CALIS  AND  ISLAND  VOYAGES.  —  Dr.  Marbeck's 
account  of  these  expeditions  is  said  to  exist  in 
MS.  in  the  British  Museum.  I  should  feel 
much  obliged  by  a  reference  to  it.  CPL. 

[This  manuscript  is  in  the  Sloane  Collection  (Addit. 
MS.  226),  and  is  entitled  "A  Breefe  and  a  true  Discourse 
of  the  late  honorable  voyage  unto  Spaine,  and  of  the 
wynning,  sacking,  and  burning  of  the  famous  Tovrne  of 
Cadiz  there,  and  of  the  miraculous  overthrowe  of  the 
Spanish  Navie  at  that  tyme,  with  a  reporte  of  all  other 
Accidents  thereunto  appertayning,  by  Doctor  Marheck, 
attending  upon  the  person  of  the  right  honorable  the 
Lord  Highe  Admiral!  of  England  all  the  tyme  of  the 
said  Action."  This  manuscript  is  in  the  beautiful  calli- 
_raphy  of  Peter  Bales,  the  most  celebrated  master  of 
penmanship.] 

WASHINGTON  FAMILY.  —  Where  can  I  find  a 
pedigree  of  this  family  ?  Thomas  Washington 


232 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  19,  '63. 


died  in  Spain  in  the  reign  of  James  I.  I  think 
one  of  the  family  was  connected  with  George 
Villiers,  Duke  of  Buckingham.  CPL. 

[The  pedigree  of  Washington  of  Sulgrave  will  be  found 
in  Baker's  History  of  Northamptonshire,  i.  513;  but  the 
best  work  to  consult  is  Jared  Sparks's  Life  of  George 
Washington,  8vo,  1852,  pp.  497 — 512,  who  has  not  only 
reprinted  Baker's  genealogical  table,  but  Sir  Isaac  Heard's 
table  of  the  American  branch  in  addition.  To  these  he 
has  added  the  genealogy  of  the  VVashington  family  of  Ad- 
wick,  taken  from  Hunter's  History  of  Doncaster.  It 
appears  that  Sir  William  VVashington  of  Packington,  co. 
Leicester,  married  Anne,  half-sister  to  George  Villiers, 
Duke  of  Buckingham,  whose  son  was  Sir  Henry  Wash- 
ington, the  defender  of  Worcester.] 

MEDIEVAL  EMBLEMS.  —  Where  can  I  find  me- 
diaeval representations  of  St.  Barnabas,  St.  Bri- 
tius,  St.  Machatus,  St.  Crispin,  and  other  black- 
letter  saints  of  the  Anglican  Calendar,  with  their 
respective  emblems  ?  If  you  can  kindly  help  me 
in  this,  I  shall  feel  greatly  obliged.  LAY  CLERK. 

[The  most  convenient  and  valuable  book  of  reference 
on  this  subject  is  Dr.  F.  C.  Husenbeth's  Emblems  of  Saints, 
Second  Edition,  12mo,  1860,  as  it  contains  a  list  of  the 
principal  works  consulted  or  referred  to  in  this  manual. 
Vide  also  Sacred  and  Legendary  Art,  by  Mrs.  Jameson, 
2  vols.  8vo,  1848 ;  The  Calendar  of  the  "Anglican  Church 
Illustrated,  Oxford,  12mo,  1851;  and  a  work  by  Menes- 
trier,  L'Art  des  Emblemes,  Paris,  8vo,  1684.] 

EPITAPH  ON  DR.  VINCENT.  —  Could  any  cor- 
respondent of  "N.  &  Q."  supply  the  epitaph  on 
William  Vincent,  D.D.,  Dean  of  Wesminster,  who 
died  in  the  year  1815,  and  is  buried  in  the  abbey 
church  ?  OXONIENSIS. 

[The  simple  inscription  on  the  monument  of  Dean 
Vincent  was  his  own  composition :  "  Hie  requiescit  quod 
mortale  est  GULIELMI  VINCENT,  qui  Puer  sub  domus 
hujusce  penetralibus  Enutritus,  mox  post  studia  Acade- 
mica  confecta  unde  abiit  reversus,  atque  ex  imo  prsecep- 
torum  giadu  summam  adeptus,  Decanatu  tandem  hujusce 
Ecclesise  (quam  unice  dilexit)  Decoratus  est.  Qualis 
fuerit  vita,  studiis,  et  moribus  Lapis  sepulchralis  taceat. 
Ortus  ex  honesta  stirpe  Vincentiorum  de  Shepy  in  agro 
Leicestriensi,  natus  Londini,  Novu  secundo,  1739 :  dena- 
tus  Decemb1-  21»">,  1815."] 


BOSWELL. 
(3'dS.iv.  186.) 

Messrs.  Chambers  probably  obtained  the  anec- 
dote of  Boswell  riding  to  Tyburn  in  the  same 
mourning  coach  with  the  murderer  Hackman, 
the  ordinary  of  Newgate,  .and  a  turnkey,  from 
the  Selwyn  Correspondence,  vol.  iv.  p.  83,  1844; 
but  the  following  account,  which  I  extract  from 
the  St.  James's  Chronicle  of  April  20,  1779,  is  a 
fuller  one  :  — 

"  A  little  after  five  yesterday  morning  the  Revd.  Mr. 
Hackman  got  up,  dressed  himself,  and  was  at  private 
meditation  till  near  seven,  when  Mr.  Boswell  and  two 
other  gentlemen  waited  on  him  and  accompanied  him  to 


the  Chapel,  when  Prayers  were  read  by  the  Ordinary  of 
Newgate,  after  which  he  received  the  Sacrament ;  between 
eight  and  nine  he  came  down  from  Chapel  and  was  hal- 
tered. When  the  Sheriff's  Officer  took  the  Cord  from  the 
Bag  to  perform  his  Duty,  Mr.  Hackman  said,  '  Oh  !  the 
sight  of  this  shocks  me  more  than  the  Thought  of  its 
intended  operation  ' :  he  then  shed  a  few  tears,  and  took 
leave  of  two  Gentlemen  in  a  very  affecting  manner. 
He  was  then  conducted  to  a  mourning  Coach,  attended 
by  Mi;  Villette,  the  Ordinary,  Mr.  Boswell,  and  Mr. 
Davenport,  the  Sheriff's  Officer,  when  the  procession  set 
ont  for  Tyburn  in  the  following  manner,  viz.,  Mr.  Miller, 
City  Marshal,  on  Horseback,  in  mourning,  a  number  of 
Sheriff's  Officers  on  Horseback,  Constables,  &c.,  Mr. 
Sheriff  Kitchen,  with  his  Under-Sheriff,  in  his  Carriage ; 
the  Prisoner,  with  the  afore-mentioned  persons  in  the 
Mourning  Coach;  Officers,  &c. ;  the  Cart  hung  with 
black,  out  of  which  he  was  to  make  his  Exit.  On  his 
arrival  at  Tyburn,  he  got  out  of  the  Coach,  mounted  the 
Cart,  and  took  an  affectionate  leave  of  Mr.  Boswell  and 
the  Ordinary.  After  some  time  spent  in  Prayer,  he  was 
tied  up,  and  about  10  minutes  past  Eleven  he  was  launched 
into  Eternity.  After  hanging  the  usual  time,  his  body 
was  brought  to  Surgeons'  Hall  for  dissection.  When 
Mr.  Hackman  got  into  the  Cart  under  the  Gallows,  he 
immediately  kneeled  down  with  his  face  towards  the 
horses,  and  prayed  some  time :  he  then  rose  and  joined 
in  prayer  with  Mr.  Villette  and  Mr.  Boswell  about  a 
quarter  of  an  Hour,  when  he  desired  to  be  permitted  to 
have  a  few  minutes  to  himself.  The  Clergymen  then 
took  leave  of  him.  His  request  being  granted,  he  in- 
formed the  Executioner  when  he  was  prepared  he  would 
drop  his  Handerchief  as  a  Signal;  accordingly,  after 
praying  about  six  or  seven  minutes  to  himself,  he  dropped 
his  Handkerchief,  and  the  Cart  drew  from  under  him." 

In  the  previous  number  of  the  St.  James's 
Chronicle  for  April  17,  is  a  long  letter  signed 
"  J.  B.,"  evidently  by  Boswell,  and  truly  Bos- 
wellian.  He  commences  by  observing :  — 

"  I  am  just  come  from  attending  the  Trial  and  Con- 
demnation of  the  unfortunate  Mr.  Hackman,  who  shot 
Miss  Ray,  and  I  must  own  that  I  feel  an  unusual  Depres- 
sion of  Spirits,  joined  with  that  Pause  which  so  solemn 
a  Warning  of  the  dreadful  effects  that  the  passion  of 
Love  may  produce,  must  give  all  of  us  who  have  lively 
Sensations  and  warm  Tempers." 

He  goes  on  in  a  very  apologetic  strain  :  — 

"  As  his  (Mr.  Hackman's)  manners  were  uncommonly 
amiable,  his  mind  and  heart  seem  to  have  been  uncom- 
monly Pure  and  Virtuous.  It  may  seem  strange  at 
first,  but  I  can  very  well  suppose  that  had  he  been  less 
virtuous  he  would  not  now  have  been  so  criminal.  His 
case  is  one  of  the  most  remarkable  that  has  ever  occurred 
in  the  History  of  Human  Nature ;  but  it  is  by  no  means 
unnatural.  The  principle  of  it  is  very  philosophically  ex- 
plained and  illustrated  in  the  '  Hypocondriack'  a  periodical 
Paper  peculiarly  adapted  to  the  people  of  England,  and 
which  now  comes  out  monthly  in  the  London  Magazine." 

He  then  quotes  a  passage  from  the  paper,  which 
is  too  long  to  extract.  The  paper  so  praised 
Bosworth  himself  was  the  author  of.  It  extended 
to  many  numbers,  but  was  never  collected  in  a 
volume.  He  concludes  his  letter  in  the  St. 
James's  Chronicle  by  urging  that  he  (Hackman), 

"  Is  an  object  neither  of  Abhorrence  nor  of  Contempt ; 
and  upon  such  an  occasion  I  could  wish  that  the  Royal 
Prerogative  could  transmute  the  mode  of  punishment 


SEPT.  19, '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


233 


from  that  which  is  common  to  mean  offenders  to  what 
would  better  suit  the  character  of  the  sufferer." 

In  his  Life  of  Johnson  he  mentions  his  attending 
the  trial,  but  not  the  execution,  of  Hackman 
He  dined  in  Johnson's  company  after  the  trial, 
and  says,  — 

"  Johnson  was  much  interested  by  my  account  of  what 
passed,  and  particularly  with  his  (Hackman's)  prayer  for 
the  mercy  of  Heaven.  He  said,  in  a  solemn  fervid  tone, 
4  I  trust  he  shall  find  mercy.' "  (Croker's  edition,  1831, 
vol.  iv.  p.  254.) 

In  the  Town  and  Country  Magazine  for  April, 
1779,  Bos  well  is  not  named  as  one  of  the  parties 
in  the  mourning  coach ;  but  it  is  stated  that  he 
(Hackmanj  — 

"  Was  permitted  to  go  from  Newgate  to  Tybnrn  in  a 
Mourning  Coach,  being  accompanied  by  the  Ordinary  of 
Newgate,  another  Clergyman,  and  his  brother-in-law,  Mr. 
Booth." 

Did  Boswell  take  the  place  of  the  other  clergy- 
man ?  He  seems  at  all  events  to  have  performed 
the  duty  of  one,  and  thus  to  have  out  Selwyned 
Selwyn.  JAS.  CROSSLET. 

ST.  PATRICK  AND  THE   SHAMROCK. 
(3"  S.  iv.  187.) 

When  we  speak  of  a  tradition,  we  mean 
expressly  something  not  written,  but  delivered 
orally  from  age  to  age.  It  is  not  to  be  expected 
then  that  traditionary  accounts  should  be  found 
in  histories ;  if  they  were,  they  would  cease  to 
be  traditions.  But  the  very  fact  of  their  not 
being,  recorded  in  history  renders  it  well  nigh 
hopeless  to  trace  their  origin  satisfactorily.  Hence 
it  is  unreasonable  to  expect,  as  CANON  D ALTON 
seems  to  do,  that  any  one  should  be  able  to  ex- 
plain how  the  tradition  arose  of  St.  Patrick's  use 
of  the  shamrock  to  illustrate  the  doctrine  of  the 
Blessed  Trinity.  If  no  history  can  be  cited,  what 
can  be  said  but  that  the  account  has  always  been 
believed,  and  that  this  affords  a  strong  presumption 
that  it  is  founded  on  truth  ?  The  account  is  so 
natural  and  plausible,  and  at  the  same  time  so 
harmless,  that  no  one  can  justly  take  exception 
to  it. 

It  does  not  seem  settled,  however,  what  the 
plant  used  by  St.  Patrick  really  was.  The  name 
of  Shamrock  is  said  to  be  derived  from  the  Irish 
Seamar-ogh,  holy  trefoil.  It  has  been  supposed 
to  be  identical  with  the  rp^uXXoi/,  mentioned  by 
Herodotus,  as  used  in  the  sacrifices  of  the  ancient 
Persians,  and  derived  from  them,  as  a  sacred 
emblem  by  the  Irish,  as  traces  of  their  fire-wor- 
ship are  still  to  be  found  in  Ireland.  But  though 
it  is  universally  applied  now  to  the  leaf  of  the 
white  clover,  there  is  good  reason  to  believe  that 
what  St.  Patrick  used  was  the  wild  sorrel  (Oxalis 
acetoseUd)  ;  for  it  has  been  proved  very  satisfac- 
torily that  clover  was  not  introduced  into  Ireland 


till  centuries  after  the  time  of  the  saint.  The 
leaf  of  the  wild  sorrel  is  even  better  adapted  for 
the  illustration  than  that  of  clover  ;  but  how  two 
of  the  plants  mentioned  by  the  Quarterly  Review 
as  sharing  also  the  name  of  Shamrock,  speedwell 
and  pimpernel,  could  have  been  so  called,  I  can- 
not imagine,  since  their  leaves  are  formed  very 
differently  from  those  of  clover,  and  from  each 
other. 

The  extract  from  the  Quarterly  Review  speaks 
of  a  "  last  and  most  legendary "  Life  of  St. 
Patrick,  "  printed  by  Colgan."  I  do  not  know 
what  Life  is  here  meant,  but  the  most  ample  and 
legendary  one  which  I  have  seen  is  that  trans- 
lated from  Jocelin  of  Farnesio,  written  in  Latin 
in  the  twelfth  century,  and  published  in  English, 
together  with  the  Lives  of  St.  Bridget  and  St. 
Columba,  printed  by  John  Cousturier  in  1636. 
This  Life  of  St.  Patrick  is  filled  with  legendary 
lore,  but  it  nowhere  mentions  the  account  of  the 
shamrock.  F.  C.  H. 


TOISON  D'OR. 
(3rd  S.  iii.  369.) 

I  am  sorry  not  to  be  able  to  answer  MB.  WOOD- 
WARD'S inquiries  completely  ;  but  his  Query  gives 
me  an  opportunity  of  recording  some  information 
about  the  Toison  d'Or  which  I  hope  may  not  be 
unacceptable  to  him,  and  to  other  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  who  are  interested  in  genealogy  and 
heraldry.  Favyn  gives  a  list  of  twenty-three 
chapters,  and  of  the  places  where  they  were  held. 
The  following  list  gives  the  places:  — 

The  first  is.  "  The  Isle  in  Flanders,"  that  is  to 
say,  Lille,  in  the  year  1430 ;  Lille  in  1431 ; 
Bruges  in  1432 ;  Bruges  in  1433 ;  Bruxelles  in 
1435;  St.  Omer  in  1440;  Gand  in  1445;  Mons 
in  1451  ;  the  Hague  in  1456  ;  St.  Orner  in  1461  ; 
Bruges  in  1467.  Chifflet,  from  whom  I  am  about 
to  quote  largely,  gives  this  chapter  as  occurring  in 
1468.  In  it  Edward  IV.  of  England  was  elected. 
His  arms,  if  my  memory,  unassisted  by  notes, 
serves  me,  are  among  those  which  are  now  to  be 
seen  in  the  choir  of  Notre  Dame  at  Bruges.  Va- 
lenciennes in  1473 ;  Bruges  in  1478 ;  Bois  le  Due 
in  1481  ;  Malines  in  1491  ;  Bruxelles  in  1501 ; 
Middelbourg  in  1505;  Bruxelles  in  1516;  Bar- 
celona in  1519;  Tournay  in  1531;  Utrecht  in 
1546  ;  Antwerp  in  1554 ;  Gand  in  1559.  After 
which  date  no  more  chapters  appear  to  have  been 
held  in  the  Netherlands. 

But  Favyn  must  be  wrong  in  his  first  state- 
ment. Lille  was  not  the  place  of  the  first  Chap- 
ter; Bruges  was.  Favyn  had  previously  recited 
the  Letters  Patent  of  the  Institution  of  the  Order, 
in  which  Philip  Duke  of  Burgundy,  the  founder, 
says : — 

"  The  Tenth  day  of  the  moneth  of  January,  and  in 
the  year  of  Grace  or  of  our  Lord,  one  Thousand  four 


234 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3^  S.  IV.  SEPT.  19.  '68. 


hundred  and  twenty-nine,  which  was  the  day  of  sollemne 
Marriage  between  us  and  our  most  deare  spouse  Ysabell 
of  Portugall,  in  our  City  of  Bruges,  where  we  have 
ordained,  received,  created,  We  ordaine,  receive  and 

create,  the  Order  and  Brotherhood  of  Knights 

whom  we  will  have  to  be  called  and  named  of  the  Golden 
Fleece." — Theater  of  Honour,  London,  1623,  book  iv.  p.  14. 

And  Chifflet,  in  his  Insignia  Gentilitia  Equitum 
Velleris  Aurei  Fecialium  verbis  enuntiata,  Ant- 
werp, 1632,  says,  in  the  margin,  by  the  first  Knight 
after  the  Sovereign,  — 

"  XXIV  Equites  electi  in  prima  ordinis  institutione 
Brugis  Ftandrarum,  10  Januarij,  anno  1429,  stylo  veteri, 
1430  stylo  novo." 

In  the  Foreign  Division  of  the  Pictures  in  the 
Great  Exhibition  of  1862,  there  was  a  picture 
numbered  in  the  Official  Catalogue,  Fine  Art 
Department,  1813,  and  described  thus:  — 

"  Leys,  B.  The  Institution  of  the  Golden  Fleece,  10th 
Jan.  1429.— The  Oath." 

It  was  exhibited  by  the  Duke  of  Brabant. 
Many  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  will  recollect 
the  picture.  I  was  able  to  get  near  enough,  and 
stand  long  enough  by  it,  to  make  a  blazon  of  all 
the  coats  displayed  in  it.  The  picture  gives  the 
interior  of  a  church.  In  the  foreground  on  the 
dexter  side  are  ecclesiastics,  in  surplices,  seated 
on  the  bench  of  the  enclosure  of  the  choir.  The 
enclosure  rises  above  their  heads,  and  is  hung 
with  tapestry.  All  along  outside  this  enclosure 
is  a  crowd  of  men  and  a  few  women.  Beyond 
are  the  church  windows.  Towards  the  centre  is 
the  person  taking  the  oath.  He  is  habited  in  red, 
with  the  collar  of  the  order  over  his  robes. 
Others  in  the  same  habit  stand  behind  him,  form- 
ing part  of  the  crowd  nearest  to  the  enclosure  of 
the  choir.  He  is  laying  his  left  hand  on  a  chasse 
and  raising""  his  right.  A  bishop  is  separated 
from  him  by  the  chasse,  and  appears  to  be  re- 
ceiving the  oath. 

The  enclosure  of  the  choir  extends  a  long  way 
across  the  picture,  and  is  then  broken  by  a  shaft, 
which  runs  up  into  a  cap,  upon  which  is  a  shield 
held  by  two  lions.  The  shield  shows  no  colours, 
but  is  painted  to  represent  carving,  and  gives  this 
coat,  Three  estoiles  of  eight  rays. 

From  the  capping,  or  handrail,  of  this  enclosure 
hang  five  shields ;  and  from  the  shaft  which  I 
have  mentioned  hang  five  more,  all  by  straps. 
They  are  all  given  as  true  shields,  hung  tem- 
porarily for  the  occasion,  and  are  all  coloured. 
By  the  aid  of  Chifflet's  list  they  can  all  be  iden- 
tified. I  give  the  names  and  blazon  from  him, 
and  do  not  add  my  note  of  any  shield  unless  it 
differs  from  his  blazon. 

Beginning  at  the  dexter  end  of  the  enclosure, 
the  first  five  shields,  ranged  above  the  heads  of 
the  ecclesiastics,  are  these :  — 

"  1.  Primus  Eques.  Messire  Guilliaume  de  Vienne, 
Seigneur  de  St.  George  et  de  Ste.  Croix.  Portoit  de 
gueulles  a  1'aigle  d'or." 


My  note  gives  the  eagle  argent 

"  2.  Messire  Jean  de  Villers  de  LUleadam.  Portoit  d'or 
an  chef  d'azur,  charge  d'un  bras  droit  vestu  d'herraines, 
au  fanon  de  mesme  frange'  d'argent,  pendant  sur  le  tout." 

My  note  gives  a  little  variation,  namely,  a 
dextrochere  issuant  from  the  sinister  side  of  the 
escocheon,  the  sleeve  and  maniple  white,  edged 
gules. 

f  3.  Messire  Philippe  Seigne.ur  de  Ternant  et  dt  la 
Motte.  Portoit  eschiquete*  d'or  et  de  gueulles. 

"  4.  Messire  Hue  de  Lannoy  Seigneur  de  Sanies.  Portoit 
d'argent  a  trois  lyons  de  sinople  couronnez  et  armez  d'or 
lampassez  de  gueulles :  1'escu  imse*  d'une  bordure  engrelee 
aussi  de  gueulles." 

I  do  not  recollect  this  bordure  in  the  picture. 

"  5.  Messire  Roland  de  Wtktrcke  Seigneur  de  Hemerode 
et  de  Herstruut.  Portoit  d'argent  a  la  croix  de  sable 
chargee  de  cinq  coquilles  oreillees  d'or." 

The  next  five  hang  from  the  shaft. 

"  6.  Messire  Jean  Seigneur  de  Commines.  Portoit  de 
gueulles  au  chevron  d'or  accompagne  de  trois  coqnilles 
oreillees  d'argent  lignees  de  sable,  deux  en  chef  et  one 
en  pointe :  a  le  bordure  de  1'escu  d'or. 

"  7.  Messire  Regnier  Pot,  Seigneur  de  la  Prague  et  de 
la  Rochenoulay.  Portoit  escartele  au  1  et  4  d'or  a  la  fasce 
d'azur,  "au  2  et  3  eschiquete'  d'argent  et  de  sable  a  deux 
badeloires  de  gueulles,  enmanchez,  virolez,  et  rivez  d'or, 
mis  en  bande  1'un  sur  1'autre." 

But  my  note  of  the  second  and  third  quarters 
in  the  picture  differs  from  Chifflet's  blazon.  In  my 
note  they  occur  as  cheeky  of  long  pieces  like 
billets,  or  and  gules. 

"  8.  Messire  Pierre  de  Luxembourg  Comte  de  S.  Pol, 
de  Conversan  et  de  Brienne,  Seigneur  d'Enghien.  Portoit 
d'argent  au  lyon  de  gueulles  a  la  queue  double  passee  en 
sautoir  couronne'e  et  armee  d'or,  lampasse"  d'azur. 

"  9.  Messire  Robert  Seigneur  de  Masminet.  Portoit 
d'azur  au  lyon  d'or  langue'et  arme'  de  gueulles. 

"  10.  Messire  Antoine  Seigneur  de  Cray  et  de  Renty.  Por- 
toit escartele',  au  1  et  4  d'argent  a  la  fasce  de  gueulles  de 
trois  pieces ;  au  2  et  3  d'argent  a  trois  doloires  de  gueulles, 
deux  en  chef  addossees,  et  1'autre  en  pointe." 

A  small  group  of  men  appears  between  the 
shaft  on  which  these  last  five  shields  are  hung, 
and  the  person  taking  the  oath.  One  of  this 
group  is  in  part  screened  by  the  person  taking 
the  oath.  On  the  left  shoulder  of  that  one  man 
only  in  the  group  is  a  shield,  supported  it  seemed 
difficult  to  say  how.  It  shows,  quarterly,  1  and  4 
gules,  three  sixfoils  pierced  or.  2  and  3  barry  of 
six  pieces  ;  three  pieces,  beginning  with  the  top- 
most, per  fesse  nebuly  argent  and  azure;  the 
other  three  gules.  Over  all  what  in  English 
modern  heraldry  would  be  an  escocheon  of  pre- 
tence, showing,  gules  three  small  circular,  or 
nearly  circular  charges,  extremely  indistinct. 

Notwithstanding  the  apparent  variation  in  Chif- 
flet's blazon,  I  have  no  hesitation  in  assigning 
this  shield  to  Messire  Pierre  de  Beffroiment  Seig- 
neur de  Charny.  He,  says  Chifflef, — 

"  Portoit  escartele  au  1  et  dernier  vaire  d'or  et  de 


3«*S.rV.  SEPT.  1VG3.} 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


235 


gueulles:  an  2  et  3  de  Vergy  [de  gueulles  a  trois  quinte- 
ftteilles  percees  d'or,  1'escu  brise  d'une  bordure  d'orl.  Sur 
"le  tout  de  gueulles  a  trois  escussons  d'argent,  2, 1.' 

I  have  given  my  note  of  the  2  and  3  quarters  as 
they  would  be  read  in  English  heraldry.  But 
foreign  delineations  of  Vair  constantly  give  it  in 
the  form  -which  we  should  describe  as  Barry  Ne- 
buly.  Thus,  in  the  Nobiliario  Genealogico  de  Es- 
pana  of  Lopez  de  Haro,  Madrid,  1618,  p.  18,  what 
looks  like  barry  nebuly  is  blazoned  "  escaques  de 
veros  azules  y  blancos  in  campo  de  oro." 

This  is  a  very  long  reply,  and  imperfect  after 
all ;  but  the  great  historical  interest  of  the  pic- 
ture and  its  heraldry  will,  I  hope,  be  some  excuse 
for  my  having  trespassed  so  largely  on  "  N.  &  Q." 

D.P. 

Stuarts  Lodge,  Malvern  Wells. 


TITLES  BORNE  BY  CLERGYMEN. 
(3'*  S.  iv.  148.) 

A  rather  amusing,  though  not  very  accurate, 
French  writer,  M.  D'Haussez,  describes  the  Eng- 
lish clergyman  as  "  un  homme  d'une  grande  nais- 
sance;"  and  that  the  ecclesiastical  profession  in  this 
country  is  recruited  largely,  if  not  chiefly,  from  a 
source  different  to  that  which  yielded  a  priesthood 
to  Jeroboam,  is  a  fact  neither  novel  nor  surprising, 
although  your  Liverpool  correspondent  does  not 
appear  to  be  aware  that  its  ranks  have  always 
contained,  as  compared  with  other  professions,  a 
fair  share  of  "men  of  title"  (not  of  course  mean- 
ing by  this  term  that  class  of  curates  who  con- 
sider a  "  nomination  "  minus  £  s.  d.  as  sufficient 
compensation  for  their  services).  If,  for  instance, 
•we  compare  the  Clergy  List  of  1863  with  the 
Army  List,  say,  of  1861,  we  find  the  total  number 
of  "  men  of  title  "  in  the  English  branch  of  the 
U.  C.  to  be  over  150,  all  of  whom  have  derived 
their  titles  by  descent.  Not  including  military 
knights,  the  total  number  of  titled  officers  in  the 
Cavalry,  Engineers,  Artillery,  Guards,  Line, 
Rifle  Brigade,  and  Marines,  is  194.  In  the  army 
are — Earls,  6  to  3  in  the  Church;  Viscounts,  14 
to  1  j  Lords,  21  to  15;  Honourables,  125  to  105 ; 
Baronets,  23  to  32  ;  and  it  should  be  noticed  that 
several  of  the  titles  in  the  army  have  been  earned 
by  their  present  possessors.  In  addition  to  those 
given  above,  the  Army  contains  2  Princes,  1  Royal 
Duke,  and  2  Marquises, — titles  as  yet  unrepre- 
sented in  the  English  Church,  though  that  of  Ire- 
land can  show  a  Marquis.  It  is,  I  think,  a  notice- 
able fact  that  Baronets  preponderate  in  the 
Church.  Although  the  "  mighty  and  noble  after 
the  flesh "  called  to  the  sacred  office  are  "  not 
many,"  yet  they  are  not  "  few,"  when  a  compari- 
son is  drawn  with  other  professions.  The  State 
has,  very  properly,  recognised  the  dignity  of  the 


Ecclesiastical  as  being  superior  to  any  other  call- 
ing or  profession,  by  assigning  to  one  of  its  mem- 
bers precedence  next  after  the  royal  family,  and 
to  another  precedence  over  all  Dukes  not  of  royal 
blood. 

In  concluding  this  reply,  I  take  the  opportunity 
to  inquire  if  there  be  any  reason  or  legal  impe- 
diment why  one  of  the  young  princes  should  not 
be  educated  with  a  view  to  embracing  the  sacred 
profession  ?  Prince  Henry,  afterwards  Henry 
VIII.,  was  intended  for  the  Church ;  and  Paolo 
Sarpi  informs  us  that  he  was  an  able  philosopher, 
satirist,  and  divine.  Still  later  we  have  had  a 
Royal  Cardinal ;  and  though  he  cannot  be  con- 
sidered as  a  clerical  personage,  we  find  that  dis- 
tinguished member  of  the  Church-Militant,  H.R.H. 
the  Duke  of  York,  Commander-in-Chief  of  the 
British  Army,  and  Bishop  of  Osnaburg  ! ! 

CHESSBOEOCGH. 

So  far  as  can  be  learnt,  there  have  never  been 
but  two  in  the  Presbyterian  church.  Sir  Henry 
Moncrieff(Wellwood),  of  Tulliebole,  was  for  more 
than  half  a  century  one  of  the  ministers  of  the  large 
suburban  parish  of  St.  Cuthbert's,  or  West 
Church,  Edinburgh.  He  died  in  1827 ;  and  was 
succeeded  in  the  baronetcy  by  his  son  Sir  James, 
who  was  an  eminent  judge  in  the  Court  of  Session, 
by  the  title  of  Lord  MoncriefF.  He  died  in  1851, 
and  his  eldest  son  Sir  Henry  is  now  a  minister  in 
the  Free  Church ;  being  incumbent  of  Free  St. 
Cuthbert's,  Edinburgh.  Before  the  Secession  of 
1843,  he  was  parish  minister  of  East  Kilbride,  in 
Lanarkshire.  The  present  Lord  Advocate  of 
Scotland  is  his  immediate  younger  brother.  The 
date  of  the  baronetcy  is  1826.  T. 


The  present  Earl  of  Guilford,  having  been  born 
in  the  year  1851,  is  a  minor,  and  not  in  holy 
orders ;  and  the  Earl  of  Kilmorey,  though  Lord 
Abbot  of  the  exempt  jurisdiction  of  Newry  and 
Mourne,  is  nevertheless  a  layman.  MR.  WOBKAED 
will,  I  am  sure,  be  glad  to  be  corrected. 

ABHBA. 


DANISH  INVASION. 
(3rd  S.  iv.58.) 

Your  correspondent  and  his  authority,  Koch, 
do  not,  I  see,  attach  much  importance  to  the 
Danish  national  records,  according  to  which  Bri- 
tain was  frequently  invaded  bjr  Danes  before  the 
Christian  era ;  for  instance,  if  we  take  up  the 
History  of  the  Kings  of  Denmark,  introduced  by 
Hermann  Cornerus  in  his  Chronicon,  we  may  pick 
out  the  following  valuable  information,  and  attach 
to  it  as  much  importance  as  we  may  deem  suit- 
able. It  may  be  as  well  to  state  that  this  Chronicle 
was  written  about  1450,  for  H.  C.  took  his  D.D. 


236 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  19,  '63. 


degree  in  1437,  and  commenced  his  historical  re- 
searches some  time  after. 

The  Danish  records  inform  us  that  Dan,  the 
first  king,  and  from  whom  the  nation  derived  its 
name,  was  contemporary  with  King  David.  Ac- 
cording to  Cornerus, — 

"  Septimus  Rex  Danorum,  Frothi,  filius  Symbdagi, 
subjugavit  sibi  Frisiam,  Scotiam,  Britanniam,  Slaviam, 
Praciam  et  plures  alias  terras." 

Passing  over  the  intermediate  Kings,  we  come 
to  — 

"Vicesimus  secundus  Rex  Danorum,  Ambletus,  qui 
fait  vir  astutissimus  .  .  .  regem  Anglise  in  bello  occidit 
(at  Ambleside?)  et  Angliam  &c.  in  ditione  sua  tenuit. 

"  Tricesimus  rex  Frichlen  totain  Britanniam  Danis 
subjugavit  et  tributum  dare  coegit. 

"  Tricesimus  primus  R.  D.  dictus  fuit  Frothi  Frich- 
gote.  Hujus  Regis  tempore  Christus  Jesiis  mundi  -salvator 
natus  est.  Iste  sibi  subjugavit  Svveciam  iteruni  Danis 
rebellantem,  insuper  subjecit  sibi  Britanniam,  Hiber- 
niam,  Scotiam,  Angliam,  £c.,  quorum  Reges  et  Principes 
omnes  servierunt  Danis."  [What  were  the  Romans 
about?] 

Reiner,  sixty-first  King  of  Denmark,  "  sub- 
jugavit Angliam,  Schotiam,  Hiberniam,  Ruciam, 
&c." 

Eric,  sixty-sixth  king,  destroyed  all  the  churches 
in  Anglia,  Britannia,  &c.,  and  in  his  time  his 
general,  Rollo,  obtained  possession  of  Normandy. 
The  next  invasion  of  England  is  that  by  Canute, 
and  as  the  subsequent  history  is  well  known,  I 
will  here  take  my  leave  of  the  old  Chronicler. 

The  first  invasion  of  France  by  the  Normans 
of  which  I  can  discover  any  account,  is  that  men- 
tioned in  the  old  Chronicle  known  as  Aniudista 
Saxo,  where,  under  the  year  vcccxm  (853),  it  is 
reported  that  — 

"'  Nortmannorum  Classis  Ligeris  fluminis  primum  adiit 
littpra,  qui  Nortmanni  Britannicum  mare  navigio  girantes, 
ostia  Ligeris  occupaverunt  et  repentina  irruptione  civi- 
tatem  Namnotis  invadunt ....  omnem  circum  quaque 
regionem  devastantes,  primum  Andegavensem,  deinde 
Turonicam  occupant  urbem :  "  [the  church  of  St.  Martin 
in  which  town  they  destroyed  by  fire."] 

The  Normans  are,  in  this  chapter,  spoken  of  as 
strangers  to  France,  for  we  read,  "  Hi  siquidem 
a  Scithia  inferiori  egressi  Normanni  lingua  bar- 
bara,  quasi  homines  septentrionales,  died  sunt," 
— an  explanation  that  would  not,  I  think,  be  given 
by  the  Chronicler  if  they  had  not  been  hitherto 
strangers.  The  next  invasion,  according  to  the 
same  author,  took  place  in  868,  when  the  Nor- 
mans, who  appear,  however  to  have  established  a 
sort  of  colony  on  the  banks  of  the  "  Ligeris  flu- 
minis,"  again  began  to  "  crudeliter  depopulari " 
Namnetensem,  Andegavensem,  Pictaviensem  atque 
Turonicam  proyinciam."  Having  obtained  a  vic- 
tory in  a  battle  with  Rodbert  de  la  Marche  and 
Rudolf,  Duke  of  Aquitaine,  in  which  both  of 
these  leaders  were  killed,  "  Nortmanni  ovantes 
classem  repetunt." 

In  874,  under  Hasting,  they  again  annoy  the 


French,  and  make  a  treaty  with  Salomon,  King  of 
Bretagne,  which  cost  the  latter  500  head  of  cattle. 

We  next  hear  of  them  in  881,  when,  under 
Godefrid  and  Siegfrid,  they  burn  Tungres  and 
Utrecht,  and  lay  waste  Cologne  and  "  Bunna ; " 
and  in  882  they  invade  Ardenne  and  burn  Treves. 
The  Chronica  Regia  S.  Pantaleonis,  which  appears 
to  have  derived  most  of  its  information  from  the 
same  source  as  the  Annalista  Saxo,  states,  that 
Treves  was  burned  on  Good  Friday,  883.  On 
this  expedition  the  Normans  got  possession  of 
Frisia,  and  Godfrey  was  baptised,  and  married 
to  the  daughter  of  Lothaire. 

If  these  notes  are  of  any  interest  to  your  cor- 
respondents, I  am  satisfied.  CHESSBOROUGH. 

Harbertonford,  Devon. 


THE  "FAERIE  QUEENE"  UNVEILED. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  21.) 

Waiving  all  question  as  to  the  curious  coinci- 
dences brought  forward  by  C.  in  his  essays  on 
Sidney,  Essex,  Shakspeare,  and  Spenser,  I  must 
contend  for  a  much  wider  scope  of  meaning  on 
the  part  of  the  latter  poet  than  is  allowed  to  him. 
In  his  letter  to  Raleigh,  and  in  the  opening  to 
the  second  book,  the  adventures  of  Guyon,  the 
Knight  of  Temperance,  much  larger  intentions  are 
indicated  — 

u  Right  well  I  wote,  most  mighty  soveraine, 
That  all  this  famous  antique  history 
Of  some  the  aboundance  of  an  ydle  braine 
Will  judged  be ;  and  painted  forgery, 
Rather  than  matter  of  just  memory. 
Sith  none  that  breatheth  living  air  doth  know 
Where  is  that  happy  land  of  Faery 
Which  I  so  much  doe  vaunt,  yet  no  where  show  ; 

But  vouch  antiquities  which  nobody  can  know. 

"  Of  Faery  land  yet  if  he  more  enquire 
By  certain  signes  here  set  in  sondrie  place, 
He  may  it  find ;  no  let  him  there  admyre 
But  yield  his  sense  to  be  too  blunt  and  base 
That  no'te  without  an  hound  fine  footing  trace. 
And  thou,  O  fayrest  princesse  under  sky, 
In  this  fayre  mirrhour  maist  behold  thy  face, 
And  thine  owne  realmes  in  land  of  Fae'ry, 

And  in  this  antique  image  thy  great  ancestry." 

If,  therefore,  the  poem  had  been  finished,  we 
should  have  had  an  allegorical  picture  of  Eliza- 
beth and  her  court,  instead  of  allusions  to  only  a 
few  of  the  poet's  particular  friends  and  their  ene- 
mies. 

Having  had  occasion  to  — 

"  more  enquire 
By  certain  signes  here  set," 

for  the  purpose  of  painting  a  picture  of  the 
"  Faerie  Queene "  at  the  desire  of  the  late  W. 
Pickering,  I  have  been  led  to  conclusions  differing 
from  Upton  and  from  your  correspondent  C. 

In  that  picture  I  have  identified  myself  with 
the  belief,  that  in  Prince  Arthur  Spenser  intended 


S.  IV.  SEPT.  19,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


237 


to  develope  the  character  of  Robert  Devereux, 
Earl  of  Essex.  In  support  of  which  I  refer  to 
the  letter  to  Raleigh,  and  the  sonnet  to  Essex 
prefixed  to  the  first  edition  of  the  first  three 
books. 

In  the  letter  Prince  Arthur  is  stated  to  be  the 
personification  of — 

"  Magnificence,  which  virtue,  for  that  (according  to 
Aristotle  and  the  rest)  it  is  the  perfection  of  the  rest,  and 
containeth  in  it  them  all ;  therefore,  in  the  whole  course 
I  mention  the  deeds  of  Arthur  applyable  to  that  virtue 
which  I  do  write  of  in  that  book,  but  of  twelve  other 
virtues  I  make  twelve  other  knights  patrons,  for  the 
more  variety  of  the  history." 

Arthur's  adventures  would  therefore  have  been 
carried  through  the  whole  poem,  and  by  the  son- 
net to  Essex  is  clearly  identified  with  him  — 

"  Magnificke  Lord,  whose  virtues  excellent 
Do  merit  a  most  famous  poet's  witt. 

But  when  my  muse,  whose  feathers  nothing  flitt 

Do  yet  but  flag  and  lowly  learn  to  fly 

With  bolder  wing  shall  dare  aloft  to  sty 

To  the  last  praises  of  this  fairy  Queen, 

Then  shall  it  make  most  famous  memory 

Of  thine  heroick  parts." 

To  whom  can  this  apply  except  Prince  Arthur  ? 
There  are  many  corroborations  of  this  view  to  be 
found  in  the  poem.  The  character  is  enriched 
with  many  of  the  achievements  of  the  British 
power  as  a  state :  the  defeat  of  the  Armada,  in 
his  contest  with  the  Soldan;  the  rescue  of  the 
Netherlands  from  Spain  in  the  destruction  of 
Gerioneo  and  his  seneschall,  and  the  reinstate- 
ment of  Beige. 

As  a  curious  coincidence  similar  to  some  of 
those  brought  forward  by  C.,  I  may  refer  to  the 
description  of  Arthur's  baldrick  athwart  his  breast, 
in  which  he  wore  a  precious  stone  — "  shaped 
like  a  lady's  head"  (Gloriana's).  Sir  S.  Meyrick 
appropriates  to  Essex  a  suit  of  armour  in  the 
Tower,  which  has  the  head  of  Elizabeth  engraven 
on  the  breastplate.  FRANK  HOWARD. 


THE  "ARCADIA"  UXVEILED. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  150.) 

I  was  not  aware  of  MR.  HOWARD'S  suggestion,  that 
Robert  Devereux,  Earl  of  Essex,  was  intended  by 
Prince  Arthur;  which,  however,  appears  to  me 
scarcely  tenable,  since  in  the  spring  of  1580  the 
Earl  was  only  in  his  thirteenth  year. 

MR.  HOWARD  also  says,  "  Sir  Guyon  unques- 
tionably refers  to  Ratcliffe,  Earl  of  Sussex."    This 
question  I  must  leave  to  others  to  decide ;  but 
the  following  lines  appear  to  support  the  opinion, 
.Sir  Guyon  is  Walter,  Earl  of  Essex:  — 
"  Now  hath  fair  Phoebe,  with  her  silver  face, 
Thrice  seen  the  shadows  of  the  nether  world, 
Sith  last  I  left  that  honorable  place, 
In  which  her  royal  presence  is  entrold." 

Bk.  ii.  can.  2,  stanza  44. 


This  statement  -"coincides  historically  with  the 
arrival  of  the  earl  in  Ireland  in  July,  1576,  hav- 
ing just  three  months  previously  left  the  English 
court. 

Further,  I  have  a  strong  impression,  or  rather 
conviction,  that  at  the  end  of  his  Treatise  on  Ire- 
land, Spenser  points  at  his  friend  Sir  Walter 
Ralegh,  and  not  at  Robert,  Earl  of  Essex  ;  for  he 
distinctly  states  the  head  of  the  Irish  government 
should  be  one,  who  knew  the  country,  and  had 
seen  service  in  Ireland,  as  well  as  in  France  and 
Belgium.  C. 


ST.  PATRICK.  AND  VENOMOUS  REPTILES  IN  IRE- 
LAND (3rd  S.iv.  82,  132.)  —The late  W.  Thomp- 
son, Esq.,  in  his  Natural  History  of  Ireland, 
published  in  1856,  vol.  iv.  p.  63,  says  that  "Ire- 
land has  ever  been  free  from  the  presence  of 
Ophidian  reptiles  "  (serpents).  He  mentions  that 
about  1831,  James  Cleland,  Esq.,  of  Rathgael 
House,  co.  Down,  bought  some  snakes  in  London, 
and  turned  out  half  a  dozen  in  his  garden.  Of 
these,  four  were  killed  within  a  short  time,  and 
the  remaining  two  probably  met  the  same  fate. 
He  subsequently  made  inquiries  "  of  persons 
about  Downpatrick,  who  were  best  acquainted 
with  these  subjects,  not  one  of  whom  had  ever 
heard  of  snakes  being  in  the  neighbourhood." 

KlLDARE. 

Kilkea  Castle,  Mageney. 

"  HE    DIED    AND    SHE    MARRIED    THE    BARBER." 

(3rd  S.  iv.  187.)  — The  following  extract  from 
Mr.  John  Forster's  pleasant  biography  of  Foote 
(Forster's  Biographical  Essays,  3rd  ed.  p.  386), 
will  enlighten  R.  F.  C.,  and  perhaps  many  others, 
on  the  subject  of  the  famous  nonsense,  so  often 
falsely  quoted,  and  so  often  ascribed  to  a  wrong 
source.  Mr.  Forster  is  speaking  of  Macklin  and 
his  lectures  on  oratory,  delivered  at  a  Covent 
Garden  tavern  :  — 

"  His  (Macklin's)  topic  on  another  evening  was  the 
employment  of  memory  in  connection  with  the  oratorical 
art ;  in  the  course  of  which,  as  he  enlarged  on  the  im- 
portance of  exercising  memory  as  a  habit,  he  took  occa- 
sion to  say  that  to  such  perfection  he  had  brought  his 
own,  he  could  learn  anything  by  rote  on  once  hearing  it. 
Foote  waited  till  the  conclusion  of  the  lecture,  and  then, 
handing  up  the  subjoined  sentences,  desired  that  Mr. 
Macklin  would  be  good  enough  to  read,  and  afterwards 
repeat  them  from  memory.  More  amazing  nonsense  never 
was  written :  — 

" '  So  she  went  into  the  garden  to  cut  a  cabbage-leaf, 
to  make  an  apple-pie ;  and  at  the  same  time  a  great  she- 
bear,  coming  up  the  street,  pops  its  head  into  the  shop. 
"  What !  no  soap  ?  "  So  he  died  and  she  very  imprudently 
married  the  barber ;  and  there  were  present  the  Picnin- 
nies,  and  the  Joblillies,  and  the  Garyulies,  and  the  Grand 
Panjandrum  himself,  with  the  little  round  button  at  top ; 
and  they  all  fell  to  playing  the  game  of  Catch-as-catch- 
can,  till  the  gunpowder  ran  out  at  the  heels  of  their 
boots.' 


238 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  iv.  SEPT.  19,  '63. 


"  "  It  is  needless  to  say  that  the  laugh  turned  against 
old  Macklin,  as  it  has  turned  against  many  younger  and 
livelier  people  since  who  have  read  these  droll  sentences 
in  Harry  and  Lucy,  and  who,  like  Miss  Edgeworth's  little 
hero  and  heroine,  after  mastering  the  great  she-bear  and 
the  no  soap,  for  want  of  knowing  who  died,  have  never 
arrived  at  the  marriage  with  the  barber,  or  perhaps,  even 
after  proceeding  so  far,  have  been  tripped  up  by  the  Grand 
Panjandrum  with  the  little  round  button  at  top." 

ALFBED  AINGEB. 
Alrewas,  Lichfield. 

POMEROY  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  iv.  128.)  —  In  answer 
to  your  Guildford  correspondent  who  inquires  as 
to  the  parentage  of  Thomas  Pomeroy,  gentleman, 
of  Tredennick,  in  1598,  I  venture  to  suggest  that 
Thos.  Pomeroy,  Esq.,  of  Engesdon,  and  of  the 
Inner  Temple,  had  a  son  Thomas,  who  might  have 
been  the  gentleman  named ;  his  mother  was  a 
Hengscott.  P.  F. 

SIB  FERDINAND  LEE  (3rd  S.  iv.  167.)— Thoresby 
in  his  Due.  Lead.,  appends  to  the  Pedigree  of 
Leghe  of  Middleton,  the  following  note  :  — 

"This  Ferdinando  Leghe  was  for  several  years  Captain 
of  the  Isle  of  Man  under  the  Earl  of  Derby,  of  the  Privy 
Chamber  to  King  Charles  I.,  and  colonel  of  a  regiment 
of  horse  in  his  said  Mnjesty's  service.  He  died  atPonte- 
fract,  Jan.  19, 1654,  and  lies  buried  in  the  Low  Church 
there." 

On  looking  at  the  text  I  find  nothing  to  fix  the 
paternity  of  Thomas  Pilkington,  Esq.,  whose 
daughter  Mary,  who  died  s.  p.,  was  the  knight's 
second  wife ;  but  I  have  carefully  looked  over  the 
titles  Pilkington  in  Burke's  Landed  Gentry,  and 
find  that  he  was  a  son  of  Joseph,  and  grandson  of 
Leonard,  prebendary  of  Durham,  who  was  a 
younger  brother  of  James  Pilkington,  the  first 
Protestant  Bishop  of  Durham.  The  Leghes  came 
into  possession  of  the  manor  of  Middleton,  in  the 
parish  of  Rothwell,  temp.  Edw.  III.,  by  marriage 
with  one  of  the  co-heiresses  of  Mereworth.  The 
other  co-heiress  married  an  ancestor  of  mine.  The 
Leghes  of  Middleton,  a  branch  of  the  great 
Cheshire  house  of  that  name,  ended  in  an  heiress 
who  married,  in  1697,  an  ancestor  of  the  Brand- 
lings of  this  county.  Their  arms  are,  argent,  a 
bend  gules,  over  all  2  bars  sable. 

I  take  this  opportunity  to  thank  two  corre- 
spondents for  replies  to  my  Legacy  Duty  query. 
I  am  the  more  obliged  because  of  the  repulses  I 
met  with  when  I  applied  to  the  Legacy  Duty 
Office  a  few  years  ago,  to  ascertain  the  amount  of 
duty  which  had  been  paid  upon  the  legacy  in 
question.  R.  VV.  DIXON. 

Seaton-Carew,  co.  Durham. 

COWTHORPE  OAK  (3rd  S.  iv.  69.)  —  I  cannot 
answer  C.  J.  ASHFIELD'S  inquiry  as  to  the  present 
existence  of  the  Cowthorpe  oak.  But  it  may  in- 
terest him  to  read  an  extract  from  Hayman 
Rooke's  description  of  some  remarkable  oaks  in 
Welbeck  Park,  published  in  1790,  where  he  men- 
tions the  Cowthorpe  oak  :  — 


"  On  the  north  side  of  the  great  riding  is  a  most  curious 
ancient  oak,  which  before  the  depredations  made  by  time 
on  its  venerable  trunk,  might  almost  have  vied  with  the 
celebrated  Cowthorpe  oak  for  size  [mentioned  in  Eve- 
lyn's Sylva~\.  It  measures,  near  the  ground,  34  feet  4 
inches  in  circumference ;  at  one  yard,  27  feet  4  inches ; 
at  two  yards,  31  feet  9  inches.  The  trunk,  which  is  won- 
derfully distorted,  plainly  appears  to  have  been  much  larger, 
and  the  parts  from  whence  large  pieces  have  fallen  off 
are  distinguishable ;  the  inside  is  decayed  and  hollowed 
out  by  age,  which,  with  the  assistance  of  the  axe,  might 
be  made  wide  enough  to  admit  a  carriage  through  it.  I 
think  no  one  can  behold  this  majestic  ruin  without  pro- 
nouncing it  to  be  of  very  remote  antiquity ;  and  might 
venture  to  say,  that  it  cannot  be  much  less  than  a  thou- 
sand years  old." 

A  view  of  this  oak  is  given  in  one  of  the  plates. 

QUERCUS. 

A  LADY'S  DBESS  IN  1762  (3rd  S.  iv.  85.)  — 

"  the  swelling  hoop's  capacious  round,"  &c. 

The  ample  capacity  and  circumference  of  female 
dress  may  be  traced  so  far  back  as  the  poet  Ovid, 
who  cynically  remarks  of  the  Roman  belle  of  the 
classic  age  — 

"  Ipsa  puella  est  minima  pars  sui." 

J.  L. 
Dublin. 

RANDOLPH  CREWE  (3rd  S.  iii.  164,  165,  197.)  — 
There  are  allusions  to  him  in  a  letter  from  his 
grandfather  to  Sir  Richard  Browne  at  Paris, 
dated  April  10,  1644,  and  printed  in  the  Fairfax 
Correspondence,  iii.  98.  The  letter  is  interesting 
on  several  accounts,  and  it  is  therefore  to  be  re- 
gretted that  it  is  unindexed. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

M-sivius  (3rd  S-  iv.  168.) — Kirchner  supposes 
that  Horace  intended  Maevius  in  his  6th  Carm. 
Epod.  Grotefend,  however,  contends  that  Bavius 
is  meant ;  whilst  Macleane  urges  the  claims  of 
Cassius  if  any  name  is  to  be  retained.  The  10th 
Carm.  Epod.  is  a  curse  on  Maevius's  Voyage,  in 
which  Horace  lampoons  the  offensive  poet  with 
the  fury  of  an  Archilochus  — 

"  Mala  soluta  navis  exit  alite, 
Ferens  olentem  Msevium." 

For  further  notices  of  this  poet,  cf.  Mart.  lib. 
x.  epig.  76,  "  De  Msevio  "  — 

"  Sed  magnum  vitium,  quod  est  poeta ; 

Pullo  Maevius  alget  in  cucullo :  " 
and  also  lib.  xi.  epig.  46.     "  In  Maevium,"  which 
contains  strictures  against  him  more -witty  than 
decent.  JOHN  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 

Glenover. 

THE  BHAGAVADGITA,  ETC.  (3rd  S.  iv.  166.)  — 
The  Penny  Cyclopcedia  (art.  "  Sanscrit  Language 
and  Literature,"  xx.  399 — 403)  mentions  the 
Bhagavadgita  as  published  at  Bonn  in  1823  by 
Schlegel,  and  with  comment  of  Sridharasvamin 
(Calcutta,  1834)  ;  he  treats  it  as  an  epic  poem 
under  the  name  Bhagavata,  one  of  the  eighteen 


3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  19,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


239 


Puranas  which  illustrate  the  cosmogony,  the  wor- 
ship of  the  gods,  history,  astronomy,  law,  &c. 
peculiar  to  each  priesthood,  distinct  in  each  Pu- 
rana.  It  is  not  described  by  Max  Muller,  but  is 
alluded  to.  (Sans.  Lit.  5.) 

Bang  is  used  for  the  purpose  of  intoxication 
by  those  Hindoos  who  refrain  from  spirituous 
liquors  (Hindoos,  L.  E.  K.  i.  361)  ;  but  your  cor- 
respondent may  refer  to  the  Lingam,  generally 
inclosed  in  a  little  box  of  silver,  which  votaries 
of  Siva  wear  about  their  necks.  (Dubois,  438.) 

Montfaucon  (L1  Antiquite  Expliquee,  ii.  353, 
part  2,  livre  iii.)  divides  the  gems  called  Abraxas* 
into  seven  classes:  1.  those  with  the  head  of  a 
cock  usually  joined  to  a  human  trunk,  with  the 
legs  ending  in  two  serpents  ;  2.  those  with  the 
head  or  body  of  a  lion,  having  often  the  inscrip- 
tion Mithras  ;  3.  those  having  the  inscription  or 
the  figure  Serapis  ;  4.  those  having  Anubis,  or 
scarabzei,  serpents,  or  sphinxes  ;  5.  those  having 
human  figures  with  or  without  wings  ;  6.  those 
having  inscriptions  without  figures  ;  7,  those 
having  unusual  or  monstrous  figures.  As  these 
were  intended  for  amulets  or  charms,  there  was 
abundant  scope  for  the  imagination,  and  they 
were  not  confined  to  heathens,  but  were  adopted 
by  believers,  as  the  Hebrew  name  Adonai,  Lord, 
and  the  letters  i  A  uu  (=  t  o  «)  intended  for 
"  Jehovah,"  engraved  on  some  of  them,  prove. 
The  abraxas  of  your  correspondent  appears  to 
belong  to  the  seventh  of  the  above  classes,  and 
may  be  designed  to  promote  fecundity. 

Whether  my  derivation  of  alcohol  be  the  true 

one  or  not,  it  is  certain  that  ,U^>  cahala,  mature 


age,  is  a  word  distinct  from  ^s^  »  kohhl  (as  Mr. 

Lane  writes  it),  eye-powder,  the  black  pigment 
applied  to  the  eyes  by  Egyptian  women,  and 
even  men  now,  and  by  Jezebel  in  ancient  times. 
(Modern  Egyptians,  i.  51,  ii.  255  ;  2  Kings,  ix.  30.) 
It  is  also  certain  that  neither  word  means  the  devil 
in  Arabic.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

I  imagine  "  iheBakaualghita  in  Sanskrit"  is  some 
code  of  religious  laws.  The  Bhdgwat  Gita  is  a 
text-book,  in  which  a  certain  Hindu  system  of 
faith  is  explained  and  inculcated. 

ME.  DAVIDSON  refers  to  a  black  sort  of  unguent 
used  by  Egyptian  women  for  darkening  their 
eyes.  I  may  remind  him  that  the  women  of 
India  set  off  their  eyes  with  black  powder. 

EDWARD  J.  WOOD. 

SUSPENDED  ANIMATION  (2nd  S.  ii.  103,  159,232, 
278,358;  iii.  305;  3rd  S.  ii.  28,  110,156,  194,291.) 
"  N.  &  Q."  has  accumulated  many  valuable  facts 
on  this  painful  subject.  It  would  be  well  to  add 

*  This  name  is  mystical,  for  the  letters  in  Greek  make 
up  365,  the  days  in  a  year. 


the  following  to  their  number,  with  the  query, 
Is  it  true? 

"  At  Asnieres,  France,  an  actor  fell  ill,  and  apparently 
died.  The  day  of  the  interment  arrived,  and  when  the 
persons  who  had  to  place  the  corpse  in  the  coffin  were 
about  to  perform  that  duty,  they  were  astonished  to  hear 
a  deep  sigh  proceed  from  the  body,  followed  by  the  words, 
« Ah !  mon  Dieu ! '  M.  Clair-Benie  had  awakened  from  a 
lethargy,  and  is  now  getting  better."—  Stamford  Mercury. 
Aug.  21,  1863. 

GRIME. 

JACOB'S  STAFF  (3rd  S.  iv.  70,  113.)  —  I  find  it 
stated  that  the  earliest  printed  description  of  the 
Jacob's  staff  "  appears  to  be  that  in  the  notes  to 
Werner's  Latin  Version  of  Ptolemy's  Geography, 
said  to  be  of  1514."  In  the  Margarita  Philoso- 
phica,  ed.  1504,  I  find  the  following  description. 
The  book  is  in  form  of  dialogue  :  — 

"  Mag.  Insuper  altitudinem  et  latitudinem  turns,  val- 
vae  aut  fenestrse  alteriusve  rei  alio  investigare  si  placet 
valebis  ingenio. 

Dls.  Quali? 

Mag.  Baculo  quern  Jacob  dicunt. 

Dis.  Qualis  is  est  baculus  ? 

Mag.  Accipiat  baculus  cujusvis  longitudinis ;  quern 
in  partes  equales  dividas ;  circa  sectiones  rimas  aut  fora- 
mina fabrices ;  dehinc  baculum  parvQ  mensuraj  unius 
partis  divisionis  prasdictae  facias ;  et  paratus  est  baculus. 
Per  quern  si  altitudinem  rei  considerare  placuerit :  pone 
baculum  parvfl  in  foramen  unius  divisionis  ut  placuerit, 
et  baculum  verte ;  ut  scilicet  extremitates  baculi  parvi 
impositi  sursum  et  deorsum  tendant ;  quo  facto,  accedas 
aut  recedas  donee  per  has  extremitates  rei  conspiciendae 
superiorem  et  inferiorm  terminos  videas,  et  signa  locum 
stationis  tuae.  Dehinc  baculum  parvu  de  foramine  priore 
extrahas  et  in  proximuni  retro  (si  accedere  volneris) 
aut  ante  (si  retrocedere  intendas)  pone ;  et  |iterum  acce- 
dendo  et  retrocedendo  per  extremitates  baculi  parvi  ter- 
minos rei  visae  conspicias,  locumque  stationis  illius  signes ; 
quantum  enim  est  inter  istam  et  priore  statione  tanta  est 
altitudo  rei  visae.  Sic  simili  modo  latitudine  investigabis 
si  baculu  ita  vertas  ut  extremitates  baculi  parvi  dextror- 
sum  et  sinistrorsum  ptendantur." 

As  the  Margarita  is  not  a  common  book,  per- 
haps this  extract  may  be  interesting.  There  is  a 
large  woodcut,  occupying  an  entire  page,  in  which 
the  use  of  the  Jacob's  staff  is  shown. 

A.  B.  MIDDUETON. 

The  Close,  Salisbury. 

PATRICIAN  FAMILIES  OF  LOUVAIN  (3rd  S.  iv. 
168.)  —  In  furtherance  of  your  correspondent's 
inquiries  I  forward  the  names  of  the  seven  patri- 
cian families  of  Louvain,  quoted  from  G.  J.  C. 
Piot,  Histoire  de  Louvaine,  1839,  p.  121  :  — 

"  1.  Utten-Lieminghen  (nom  d'une  propriete).  2.  Van- 
den  Calster  (encore  un  nom  de  proprie'te').  3.  Van  Ee- 
dingen  (nom  de  proprie'te).  4.  Vanden  Steene.  5.  Ver'- 
rusalem.  6.  Gielis.  7.  Van  Rode  (nom  de  propriete  ")- 

And  in  continuation  of  the  extract  — 

"  Les  chroniqueurs  ont  donne  &  ces  families  une  engine 
fabuleuse :  sous  Lambert  ve"cut  h  Louvain  un  Bostinus, 
Kurnomme  le  grand  a  cause  de  sa  haute  taillc ;  il  avait 
sept  filles,  pour  lesquelles  il  choisit  sept  maris  a  condi- 
tion qu'ils  porteraient  les  blasons  de  leurs  epouses,  de 


240 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  19,  '63. 


la  origine  dea  sept  families  patriciennes  qui  transmirent 
la  noblesse  par  les  femmes." 

H.  D'AVENEY. 

GREEK  PHRASE  (3rd  S.  iv.  167.)— The  words  of 
Bishop  Blomfield  are  :  "  Memini  me  vidisse  locu- 
tionem  mrofffyevSovav  TO.  xpfifjMTo,  dissipare,  sed  locus 
non  succurrit."  We  find  the  verb  in  Plutarch, 
but  no  one  seems  able  to  produce  the  phrase; 
"  locus  non  succurrit."  May  not  the  phrase  be 
an  ingenious  and  somewhat  fanciful  rendering  of 
the  Latin,  "  effundere  pecuniam"?  This  is  both 
classical  and  Ciceronian.  It  is  within  the  limits 
of  possibility  that  the  learned  Bishop  himself,  for 
his  own  private  satisfaction  and  entertainment, 
may  at  some  early  period  of  his  literary  career 
have  made  the  translation  out  of  Latin  into 
Greek ;  and  then  have  imagined,  at  some  future 
period,  that  he  had  somewhere  met  with  the 
Greek  phrase.  If  any  man  might  stand  excused 
in  mistaking  his  own  for  classical  Greek,  surely 
the  late  Bishop  of  London  might.  SCHIN. 

OBSCURE  SCOTTISH  SAINTS  (3rd  S.  iv.  111.)  — 
Similarity  is  not  unfrequently  to  be  observed,  I 
believe,  in  the  mythology  of  Wales  and  of  Scot- 
land, and  thus  we  may  reasonably  conceive  that 
S.  Eurit,  concerning  whom  A.  J.  inquires,  is 
connected  with  S.  Euryn,  a  saint  of  the  seventh 
century,  and  one  of  those  sons  of  Helig-ap-Glan- 
awg,  who,  when  their  patrimonial  estates  were 
irrecoverably  alienated  by  the  sea,  devoted  them- 
selves to  religion.  His  name  is  locally  preserved 
in  N.  Wales,  and  he  is  noticed  in  the  Book  of 
Welsh  Worthies. 

Jos.  HARGEOVE. 

Clare  Coll.  Cambridge. 

PEALS  OF  TWELVE  (3rd  S.  iv.  96.)  — To  the 
REV.  H.  T.  ELLACOMBE'S  list  may  be  added  the 
beautiful  old  church  of  Gresford,  in  N.  Wales, 
whose  peal  of  twelve  bells  used  to  be  reckoned 
among  the  seven  wonders  of  Wales. 

Jos.  HARGROVE. 

Clare  Coll.  Cambridge. 

FRENCH  TRAGIC  EXAGGERATION  (3rd  S.  i.  371.) 

"  Then  though.  Etruria  tremble  at  thy  will." 
"  Mais  enfln  apprenez  que  Rome  est  indomptable ; 
Que  pour  elle  la  faim  n'a  rien  d'epouvantable ; 
Et  que  les  aliments  ne  lui  manqueront  pas, 
Tandis  que  les  Remains  conserveront  leurs  bras. 
Ce  peuple  pour  sa  gloire,  ennemi  de  la  votre, 
Se  nourrira  d'un  bras,  et  combattra  de  1'autre." 

Pierre  Du  Ryer,  Scevole,  Act  I.  Sc.  4.    Paris, 
L'An.  vi. 

Scevole  was  first  acted  in  1646,  and  revived  in 
1721.  It  is  stated  to  be  a  stock-piece  by  Leris, 
Dictionnaire  des  Theatres,  Paris,  1763. 

FITZHOPKINS. 

Paris, 

DR.  M'HALE  ON  PARLIAMENTARY  ELECTIONS 
(3rd  S.  iv.  128.)— GRIME  will  find  the  evidence  of 


which  he  is  in  search,  in  the  "  Report  of  the  Pro- 
ceedings on  the  Mayo  Election  Petition,"  in  1857  : 
when  Dr.  M'Hale's  nominee,  Mr.  G.  H.  Moore, 
was  unseated  by  Colonel  Ouseley  Higgins. 

H.  W.  H. 
Reform  Club. 

FRENCH  LEGEND,  "  LA  MELTJSINE  "  (3rd  S.  iii. 
491 ;  iv.  14.) — An  account  of  the  Melusine,  and 
of  the  illustrious  house  of  the  Lusignans,  her  de- 
scendants, will  be  found  in  Favyn's  Theatre  cTHon- 
neur  et  de  Chevalerie,  Paris,  1620,  torn.  ii.  pp. 
1577 — 1593.  See  also  Miss  Millington's  Heraldry 
in  History,  Poetry,  and  Romance,  pp.  280,  282 
(where  is  a  quotation  from  Brantome)  ;  and 
Moule's  Heraldry  of  Fish,  pp.  217,  218. 

JOHN  WOODWARD. 

New  Shoreham. 


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We  are  compelled  to  omit  our  usual  Notes  on  Books. 

A  WORD  OR  TWO  ADMONITORY.  We  muft  again  beg  leave  to  urge 
upon  those  kind  friends  who  favour  us  urith  REPLIES,  to  prefix  the  paginal 
figure  and  volume  of  the  Queries  to  their  article*.  Thii  can  easily  be  done 

at  the  time,  and  would  considerably  lighten  our  editorial  labours We 

must  also  bespeak  attention  to  another  small  matter,  namely,  that  all 
proper  names  lie  written  very  legibly;  for,  like  Garrick,  we  much  dislike 
vexatious  literal  errors  — 

"  Most  devoutly  we  wish,  whatever  you  do, 
That  /  may  be  never  mistaken  for  U." 

G.  P.  L.  A  list  of  the  works  of  Charlotte  Elizabeth  (Jfrs.  To>ma),and 
the  Jlev.  Erskaie  Neale,  may  be  found  in  the  London  Catalogue  of  Books 
of  \S\6-  1851 ,  and  1831—1855.  Consult  also  Darling's  Cyclopaedia  Biblio- 

graphica,  1854. 

T.  T.  W.  A  notice  of  Robert  de  Srunne,  or  Robert  Mannyng,  will  be 
found  in  Chalmers's  and  Rose's  Biographical  Dictionaries.  Consult  also 
Ellin's  Specimens,  and  Warton's  Hist,  of  English  Poetry. 

H.  J.  R.'s  Query  respecting  Christening  Tongs  shall  appear  in  our 
next.  In  the  meanwhile  our  Correspondent  is  referred  to  "  N.  &  Q."  of 
July  25  last,  p.  70. 

JAV  DEB.  The  charter  chest  r>f  Sir  Thomas  If  ore  and  a  pair  of  steel- 
yards were  presented  by  the  City  of  London  to  Sir  Thomas  Oresham,  not 
"  to  the  City  of  London  by  Sir  Thomas  Grefham,"  as  misprinted  in  Mur- 
ray's Hand-Book  for  Surrey,  p.  44.  See  Brayley's  Surrey,  v.  183. 

R.  M.  (Chester)  should  have  forwarded  his  address  in  case  any  corre- 
spondent could  favour  him  with  the  three,  extracts  on  the  Baptism  of 
Sells .  We  cannot  promise  to  insert  them  for  want  of  space. 

"NOTES  AND  QOERTES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


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O  S  T   E   O       E  X   3>   O   Z7. 

Patent.  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 
riABRIEL'S     SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
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Soap  Tablets,  6<i.  and  4rf.  each.  The  Public  are  cautioned  to  see  that 
Field's  label  is  on  the  packets  or  boxes.  Wholesale  only,  and  for 
Exportation,  Upper  Marsh,  Lambeth,  London,  S. 

PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 
MAGNOLIA,    WHITE    ROSE,    FRANGIPANNI,   GERA- 
NIUM, PATCHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  NEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1 ,000  others.   2s.  erf.  each.— 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 

TTOLLO  WAY'S  PILLS.— Desirability  of  Health. 

JLL  To  feel  well  is  the  greatest  blessing  known  to  man;  with  health 
all  is  sunshine,  without  it  all  is  gloom.  Holloway's  Pills  have  long 
been  noted  for  purifying  the  blood,  promoting  appetite,  assisting  diges- 
tion, and  creating  regularity  throughout  the  body.  They  are  a  help  to 
the  sick,  a  comfort  to  the  weak,  and  a  solace  to  the'  pained;  they  may 
be  taken  with  advantage  in  the  slightest  indisposition,  and  the  severest 
malady.  Few  can  estimate  the  great  blessings  Holloway's  medicine  has 
for  thirty  years  conferred  upon  mankind.  The  Pills  are  composed  of 
the  finest  balsams,  which  act  kindly  on  every  organ,  and  cause  no  vio- 
lent revulsions  in  the  system,  a  fact  of  immense  importance  to  the 
public. 


THE  LIVERPOOL  AND  LONDON  FIRE  AND 
LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

At  the  ANNUAL  MEETING  of  the  Proprietors  in  this  Company, 
held  on  Thursday,  25th  of  February,  1863, 

JAMES  ASPINALL  TOBIN,  Esq.,  in  the  Chair. 

The  Report  of  the  Directors  for  the  year  1862  was  read;  it  showed:— 

That  the  Fire  Premiums  of  the  year  were       -  « 136,965   o    0 

Against  those  in  1861,  which  were     -       -       -       -       -       360,131    o   o 


Giving  an  increase  in  1862  of    ------ 

That  the  new  Life  business  comprised  the  issue  of  787 
Policies,  insuring     -----.-_ 

On  which  the  annual  premium  is 
That  69  new  Annuity  Bonds  have  been  granted,  secur- 
ing annual  payments  of  -       ...... 

And  that  the  aggregate  of  the  annuities  now  payable  is 

That  there  has  been  added  to  the  Life  reserve  the  sum  of 

That  the  balance  of  undivided  profit  was  increased  by 

the  sum  of 


£75,934    0    0 

467,334  0  0 
13,935  7  11 

39,446  17  11 
23,684  1  3 
79,277  11  4 

That  the  in  vested  funds  of  the  Company  amounted  to  -    1,417]808    8    4 

In  reference  to  the  very  large  increase  of  (876,000  in  the  Fire  Premiums 
of  the  year,  it  was  remarked  in  the  Report:  "  The  Premiums  paid  to  a 
company  are  the  measure  of  that  company's  business  of  all  kinds,  and 
whence  derived  ;  the  Directors,  therefore,  prefer  that  test  of  progress 
to  any  the  duty  collected  may  afford,  as  that  applies  to  only  a  part  of  a 
company's  business;  and  a  large  share  of  that  part  may  be,  and  often  is, 
re-insured  with  other  offices.  In  this  view  the  yearly  addition  to  the 
Fire  Premiums  of  the  Liverpool  and  London  Company  must  be  very 
gratifying  to  the  proprietors. 

SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 

JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 

HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 

Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux 24s.  and  30s.  perdoz. 

Good  Hock 30s.    „     36s.       „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  42s.    „     48s.       „ 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24s,    „     :<>.--.       „ 

Port  24s.,30s.    „     36s.       „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  perdoz. 

Vintage  1834 „  108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840 „     84s.       „ 

Vintage  1847 „     72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry,  36s., 42s., 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  48s.,  60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60s.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120s. ;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  66s., 
78s. ;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s. ;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymas  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz. ; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description .  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLEK, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 
Brighton :  30,  King's  Road. 

(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 

THE    NATURAL    WINES    of   FRANCE.  — J. 

L  CAMPBELL,  Wine  Merchant,  158,  Regent  Street,  recommends 
attention  to  the  following  CLARETS,  selected  by  himself  on  the 
Garonne:  — Vinde  Bordeaux  (which  greatly  improves  by  keeping  in 
bottle  two  or  three  years),  20s.;  St.-Julien,  22s.;  La  Rose,  26s.;  St. 
Estephe,  36s.;  St.  Emilion,  42s.;  Haut  Brion,  48s.;  Lafitte,  Latonr. 
and  Chateau  Slargaux,  60s.  to  84s.  per  dozen.  J.  C.  s  experience  and 
known  reputation  for  French  wines  will  be  some  guarantee  for  the 
soundness  of  the  wine  quoted  at  20s.  per  dozen — Note.  Burgundies  from 
36s.  to  54s.;  Chablis,26s.  and  30s.  per  dozen.  E.  Clicquot  sfinest  Cham- 
>agne,  66s.  per  dozen.  Remittances  or  town  references  should  be  ad- 
"  TAMES  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 


SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE   ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOB  LEA  AND  PEKBINS'  SAUCE. 

***  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester  ; 
MESSRS.  CROSSE  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS,  London,  &c.,  &c. ;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3"»  S.  IV.  SEPT.  19,  '63. 


BOOKS    FOR    THE    SEA-SIDE. 


BRITISH  SEAWEEDS.    Drawn  from  Pro- 

fessor   Harvey's  "Phycologia   Britannica,"  with  Descriptions   in 
Popular  Language.    By  MKS.  ALFRED  OATTY.   4to.    31.  3s. 


withde 

out  Seaweeds',  and  the  Order  of  their  Arrangement  in  the  Herbarium." 

LEGENDS    AND    LYRICS,    by    Adelaide 

ANNE  PROCTER.    7th  Edition.    Fcap.  5s.  Antique  or  best  plain 
morocco,  10s.  Crf. 

Second  Series.     Third  Edition.  Fcap.  8vo. 


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NIGHTINGALE  VALLEY ;  a  Collection  of 

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the  present  day.  Edited  by  WILLIAM  ALLINQHAM.  Fcap. 
Svo.  5s.;  mor.,  antique  calf  or  mor,,  10s.  6d. 

THE     BOOK    OF    ANCIENT     BALLAD 

POETRY  OF  GREAT  BRITAIN,  HISTORICAL,  TRADI- 
TIONAL, and  ROMANTIC:  with  Modern  Imitations,  Transla- 
tions, Notes,  and  Glossary,  &c.  Edited  by  J.  S.  MOORE.  New 
and  Improved  Edition,  8vo.  Half-bound,  Us.  Antique  morocco, 
21«. 

THE  PLEASURES  V'OF  LITERATURE. 

By  R.  ARIS  WILLMOTT,  Incumbent  of  Bear- Wood.  Firth 
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Voyages  and  Travels."  3s. 

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By  the  same  Author.  3s. 

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"  When  found,  make  a  note  of." — CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


No.  91. 


SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  26,  1863. 


C  Price  Fourpence. 

I  Stamped  Edition,  5rf. 


TTNIVERSITY    COLLEGE,    London.  —  FACULTY 

U     of  ARTS  and  LAWS—SESSION  1863-4. 
The  SESSION  will  COMMENCE  on  TUESDAY,  October  U,  when 
PROFESSOR  SEELEY,  M.A.,  will  deliver  the  INTRODUCTORY 
LECTURE  at  3  o'clock  precisely. 

CLASSES. 

Latin— Professor  Seeley,  M.A. 
Greek— Professor  Maiden,  M.A. 
Sanscrit — Professor  GoldstUcker. 
Hebrew  (Goldsmid  Professorship)— Professor  Marks. 
Arabic  and  Persian — Professor  Rieu,  Ph.  D. 

Hindustani— Professor  Syed  Abdoollah.  » 

Bengali  and  Hindu.  Law— Professor  Gancendr  Mohun  Tagore. 
Gujarati— Professor  Dadabhdi  Naorji. 

English  Language  and  Literature — Professor  Masson,  M.A. 
French  Language  and  Literature —Professor  Cassal,  LL.D. 
Italian  Language  and  Literature— Professor  de  Tivoli. 
German  Language  and  Literature— Professor  Heimann,  Ph.  D. 
Comparative  Grammar  (1864-5)— Prof.  Key,  M.A.,  F.R.S. 
Mathematics— Professor  De  Morgan. 

Natural  Philosophy  and  Astronomy— Professor  Potter,  M.A. 
Physiology— Professor  Sharpey,  LL.D..  M.D.,  F.R.S. 
Chymistry  and  Practical  Chymistry— Professor  Williamson,  F.R.S, 
Civil  Engineering-Professor  Pole,  F.R.S.,  M.I.C.E. 
Architecture— Professor  Donaldson,  Ph.  D.,  M.I.B.A. 
Geology  (Goldsmith  Professorship)— Professor  Morris,  F.G.S. 
Mineralogy— Professor  Morris,  F.G.S. 
Drawing— Teacher,  Mr.  Moore. 
Botany— Professor  Oliver.  F.L.S. 

Zoology  (Recent  and  Fossil)— Professor  Grant,  M.D.,  F.B.S. 
Philosophy  of  Mind  and  Logic—Prof.  Rev.  3 .  Hoppus,  Ph.  D., F.R.S. 
Ancient  and  Modern  History— Professor  Beesly.M.A. 
Political  Economy— Professor  Waley.M.A. 
Law— Professor  Russell,  LL.B. 
Jurisprudence— Professor  Sharpe,  LL.D. 

Resident  Students — Some  of  the  Professors  receive  students  to  reside 
with  them,  and  in  the  office  of  the  College  there  is  kept  a  register  of 
persons  who  receive  boarders  into  their  families.  The  register  will 
afford  information  as  to  terms  and  other  particulars. 

Andrews  Scholarships.— In  October,  1864,  two  Andrews  Scholarships 
will  be  awarded  —  one  of  85Z.  for  proficiency  in  Latin  and  Greek,  and 
one  of  85Z.  for  proficiency  in  mathematics  and  natural  philosophy. 
Candidates  must  have  been,  during  the  academical  year  immediately 
preceding,  matriculated  students  in  the  College,  or  pupils  of  the  school. 

A  Ricardo  Scholarship  in  Political  Economy  of  20?.  a  year,  tenable 
for  three  years,  will  be  for  competition  in  December,  1863,  and  in  De- 
cember of  every  third  year  afterwards  ;  also  a  Joseph  Hume  Scholar- 
ship in  Jurisprudence,  of  20Z.  a  year,  tenable  for  three  years,  in  Decem- 
ber, 1864,  and  in  December  of  every  third  year  afterwards;  and  a  Joseph 
Hume  Scholarship  in  Political  Economy,  of  201.  a  year,  tenable  for 
three  years,  in  December,  1865,  and  in  December  of  every  third  year 
afterwards. 

Candidates  for  either  of  these  three  scholarships  must  have  been, 
during  the  session  immediately  preceding  the  award,  matriculated  stu- 
dents of  the  College,  and  must  produce  evidence  satisfactory  to  the 
Council  of  having  regularly,  during  the  said  preceding  session,  attended 
the  class  on  the  subject  of  the  scholarship. 

Jews'  Commemoration  Scholarships.— A  scholarship  of  15J.  a  year, 
tenable  for  two  years,  will  be  awarded  every  year  to  the  Student  of  the 
Faculty  of  Arts,  of  not  more  than  one  year's  standing  in  the  College, 
whatever  be  his  religious  denomination,  and  wherever  he  was  previ  • 
ously  educated,  and  whose  age  when  he  first  entered  the  College  did 
not  exceed  18  years,  who  shall  be  most  distinguished  by  general  pro- 
ficiency and  good  conduct. 

College  Prize  for  English  Essay,  5*.  for  1864. 

Latin  Prose  Essay  Prize  (Reading-room  Society's  Prize),  5Z.  for  1864. 

Evening  Classes,  by  the  Professors,  &c.,  above-named,  of  the  re- 
spective classes,  viz. :— Latin,  Greek,  Mathematics,  Natural  Philosophy, 
French,  Geology,  Practical  Chemistry,  and  Zoology. 

Prospectuses  and  other  particulars  may  be  obtained  at  the  office  of 
the  College.  The  prospectuses  show  the  courses  of  instruction  in  the 
College  in  the  subjects  of  the  Examinations  for  the  Civil  and  Military 
Services. 

HENRY  MALDEN,  M.A.,  Dean  of  the  Faculty. 
CUAS.  C.  ATKINSON,  Secretary  to  the  Council. 

August,  1863. 

The  Session  of  the  Faculty  of  Medicine  will  commence  on  Thursday, 
the  1st  of  October. 

The  Junior  School  will  open  on  Tuesday,  the  22nd  of  September.  A 
department  for  pupils  between  7  and  11  years  of  age,  separate  from 
older  boys. 


SRD  S.  No.  91.] 


THE    QUARTERLY    REVIEW. 

ADVERTISEMENTS  for  insertion  in  the  Forthcoming  Number  of 
the  above  Periodical  must  be  forwarded  to  the  Publisher  by  Oct.  3. 
and  Bills  by  Oct.  5. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  50A,  Albemarle  Street. 


F 


ERASER'S  MAGAZINE  for    OCTOBER. 

Price  2*.  6d. 

CONTENTS  !  — 

England  and  America. 

Late  Laurels A  Tale.    Chapters  XVLT — XIX. 

England  and  her  Colonies. 

On  Certain  Physical  and  Natural-History  Phenomena  of  the  At- 
lantic :  especially  with  reference  to  the  proposed  Telegraphic 
Communication  between  Ireland  and  Newfoundland.  By  Pro- 
fessor William  King. 

A  Rough  Ride  on  Classic  Ground. 

The  Second  Part  of  GBthe's  "  Faust." 

The  Sketcher  in  the  Ardennes  and  Moselle  Land. 

The  Falling  of  tlie  Leaf.  Sequel  to  "  Harvest."  By  Astley  II. 
Baldwin. 

Recreations  of  a  London  Recluse — U. 

On  the  Present  State  of  Russia,  and  the  Advantages  to  Europe  of  a 
Constitution  for  that  Empire, 

London  :  PARKER,  SON,  &  BOURN,  West  Strand. 


Now  read}',  in  oblong  folio,  with  12  Facsimile  Plates  and 
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cloth  (only  100  copies  printed), 

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CONTENTS  OP  No.  90.  —  SEPT.  19TH. 

NOTES :  —  The  Swiss  Ballad  of  "  Renaud  "  —  Sir  John 
Henderson  —  "  Scoticisms : "  Beattie :  David  Hume :  Lord 
Hailes. 

MINOB  NOTES  :  —  Webster's  "  Devil's  Law  Case : "  its  Date 

—  Tombstones  and  their  Inscriptions  —  "  Quarterly  Re- 
views "  —  Mirabeau  a  Spy — Paper— Lady  Madelina  Palmer 

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vis  Abdy  —  Rev.  Richard  Barry,  M.A.  —  St.  Anthony's 
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Felton  —  Games :  Merry-main  —  Heath    Beer  —  Heraldic 

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Invasion  —  The  "  Faerie  Queene  "  unveiled  —  The  "  Arca- 
dia" unveiled  —St.  Patrick  and  Venomous  Reptiles  in 
Ireland  —  "  He  died  and  she  married  the  Barber  "  — 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


241 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  26,  1863. 


CONTENTS.—  N°.  91. 

NOTES:  — Sir  Francis  Drake,  241  —  Campbells  of  Calder, 
Island  of  Islay,  242  —  Ring  Posies,  243. 

MINOR  NOTES  :  —  An  Ancient  Custom  —  Parody  by  Gostling 

—  Badges—  William  Lithgow  on  the  Virtue  of  Tobacco  — 
Verses  by  Miss  Innes  of  Stow — Barringtons — "Anne 
Boleyn,"  a  Term  of  Opprobrium — Coincidence,  244. 

QUERIES:  —Alexander  Seton,  the  Scottish  Alchemist,  255 

—  Anonymous  —  Armorial  —  Baptism  of  Bells  —  Bed-gown 
and  Night-dress  —  The  Devil  —  The  Game  of  Whist  —  Rev. 
George  Heath  —  John  Heywood,  the  Epigrammatist  — 
Holyback  —  London  University  —  Mayors  and  Provosts  — 
The  Phoenix  Family  —  Picart's  "  Religious  Ceremonies  "  — 
The  Postal  System  —  Quotation  —  Rowlatt  of  Oakley  Hall 

—  Sketching   Club  or  Society  —  John  Stewart  —  Stone- 
henge  —  Symbolism  in  Stones  —  "  Thoughts  on  the  Early 
Ages  of  the  Irish  Nation,"  &c.  —  Waterford  Gentry  — 
William,  Earl  of  Gloucester  —  T.  Wyatt,  246. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  Inscription  on  the  Foundation 
Stone  of  Cardinal  Wolsey's  College  at  Ipswich  —  Eels  and 
Lampreys  —  Guido  Fawkes  —  S.  George's  Middlesex  — 
Mitrnatition —  Christening  Tongs  —  Horse-loaves  —  Bas- 
tard Family— Hafursflrdi — "  Memorials  de  Litteratura  Por- 
tugueza,"  248. 

REPLIES:— Baal  Worship:  St.  John's  Eve,  251  —  Ser- 
jeants-at-Law,  252  — Incomes  of  Peers,  253— Prices  of 
Old  Books,  Ib.  —  Maxims :  Newbery :  Goldsmith  —  Xan- 
ton  and  Scone  —  Isabel  of  Gloucester  —  Parody  on"Ho- 
henlinden  "  —  Christian  Names  of  Authors  —  Ralegh  Arms 
and  Supporters  —  "  May  Maids  "  —  Greek  Phrase  —  Sir 
Ingram  Hopton  —  Kastner,  or  Castner  Arms  —  Coinci- 
dence of  Birth  and  Death — Peter's  Pence  —  Court  Cos- 
tume of  Louis  XIII.  of  France  —  George  Bellas  —  Regio- 
montanus  — .  Bath  Hospital, ;&c.,  254. 


SIR  FRANCIS  DRAKE.* 

As  I  chance  to  have  called  attention  to  a  mar- 
riage— hitherto  unnoticed — of  Sir  Francis  Drake, 
I  venture  to  raise  the  query  whether  this  was  not 
the  only  one.  The  dates  of  his  voyages  are  quite 
sufficient  to  prove  that  he  was  never,  at  least 
after  1569,  absent  or  unheard  of  for  a  period  of 
seven  years ;  so  that  the  "  legend  "  may  be  at  once 
dismissed,  as  on  his  alleged  absence  alone  does 
the  story,  as  told  in  either  county,  depend.  But 
the  popular  fable  does  one  thing.  It  conjures  up 
an  unpleasing  vision  of  a  neglected  wife  >nd  a 
truant  husband. 

Without  professing  to  have  searched  all  the 
biographies  and  notices  of  Drake,  I  think  I  may 
say  that  Wotton's  English  Baronets  is  the  first 
work  that  mentions  his  marriage  to  "the  only 
daughter  of  Sir  George  Sydenham  of  Somerset- 
shire." Prince,  who  was  not  a  man  likely  to  over- 
look any  known  fact  connected  with  one  of  the 
Worthies  of  Devon,  and  even  less  likely  in  writ- 
ing of  this  renowned  admiral,  states  simply,  "This 
great  person  left  no  issue  of  his  body  tho'  he  was 
once  married."  Here  we  have  an  allusion  to  a 
single  marriage,  and  an  announcement  of  all  that 
was  known  on  this  domestic  matter  in  the  year 
1701,  more  than  a  century  after  Drake's  death. 
Or,  viewed  in  another  light,  the  reticence  of 

*  3rd  S.  iii.  506 ;  iv.  189. 


Prince  proves  that  there  was  nothing  "  grand  "  to 
record  on  this  head:  no  match  with  an  ancient 
and  knightly  family,  but  an  ignoble  alliance  with 
a  person  of  mean  extraction. 

Is  there  any  better  proof  of  the  marriage  of  Sir 
Francis  Drake  to  the  heiress  of  Sydenham  than 
an  assertion,  repeated  without  mention  of  autho- 
rity, by  every  biographer  for  nearly  150  years, 
and  which  has  gradually  expanded  from  the  not 
very  exact  statement  of  Wotton  into  the  more 
particular  account,  that  Sir  Francis  married 
Elizabeth,  sole  daughter  and  heiress  of  Sir  George 
Sydenham,  of  Combe- Sydenham,  co.  Somerset, 
Knt.,  who  married,  secondly,  Edward  Courtenay, 
Esq.  of  Powderham  Castle,  co.  Devon. 

That  Mary  Newman  was  a  person  of  humble 
origin  is  significantly  indicated  by  the  entry  of 
her  name,  not  only  at  her  marriage,  when  she  and 
her  bridegroom  stood  on  the  same  level,  but  at 
her  burial,  when,  notwithstanding  the  knighthood 
of  her  husband,  she  is  written  down  as  merely 
"  Marye  Drake,"  without  any  prefix.  The  fair 
presumption  is  that  she  spent  the  whole  of  her 
married  life  in  the  obscurity  of  this  out-of-the- 
way  and  humble  village  ;  and,  possibly,  played  the 
part  of  an  Amy  Robsart  of  Devonshire,  hearing 
at  distance  only  of  the  honours  which,  when 
gained  by  her  husband,  were  regarded  by  his 
compeers  with  much  disfavour  and  jealousy. 

I  shall  remind  your  correspondent  that  the 
year  1582  is  really  158§,  so  that  something  must 
be  added  to  the  "ten  months,"  in  which  he  is 
pleased  to  say  that  Mary  Drake  "  participated  in 
the  fame  and  dignities  "  of  Sir  Francis  ;  whereas, 
the  single  bit  of  evidence  we  have  shows  that 
not  even  at  her  death  was  she  accorded  the  poor 
honour  of  an  entry  in  her  proper  style,  as  taking 
rank  from  her  husband. 

The  sumptuous  magnificence  which  Sir  Fran- 
cis Drake  displayed  in  his  style  of  living;  his 
wealth,  fame,  and  achievements ;  and,  more  than 
all,  the  favour  of  the  queen  —  all  show  that,  after 
1583,  when  he  was  at  the  zenith  of  his  for- 
tunes, he  had  no  need  to  "  elope,"  or  to  resort  to 
any  hole-and-corner  wedding.  Where,  then,  is 
the  proof  of  this  (so-called)  second  marriage? 
What  says  the  register  of  Monksilver  ?  —  what 
Drake's  will,  in  which  surely  the  name  of  his  wife, 
if  he  had  one  at  the  time,  would  be  at  least  men- 
tioned? In  short,  what  authority  is  there  for 
saying  that  Sir  Francis  Drake  married  Mistress 
Elizabeth  Sydenham  at  all,  other  than  a  printed 
statement  which  has  been  copied,  one  from  the 
other,  by  a  multitude  of  writers,  and  handed 
down  to  the  present  moment  ? 

JOHN  A.  C.  VINCENT. 

Plymouth. 

[We  have  again  submitted  our  correspondent's  com- 
munication to  the  gentleman  now  engaged  on  the  Me- 
moir of  Sir  Francis  Drake,  who  has  kindly  favoured  us 


242 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3«»  S.  IV.  SEPT.  26,  '63. 


•with  the  following  interesting  remarks:  —  "ME.  VIN- 
CENT is  a  little  too  sceptical  and  hasty  in  his  notices 
and  conclusions  of  Drake.  That  the  Admiral  was  mar- 
ried a  second  time  (and  to  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir 
George  Sydenham  of  Somersetshire),  is  a  fact  placed 
beyond  debate  by  his  last  will  and  testament;  which 
•was  proved  in  London,  May  17,  1596,  by  his  brother 
and  sole  executor,  Capt.  Thomas  Drake,  of  the  High 
Street,  Plymouth.  That  will  was  made  in  the  pre- 
ceding year,  on  the  eve  of  his  departure  for  the  West 
Indies.  After  bequeathing  40/.  'to  the  poor  people  of 
the  town  and  parish  of  Plymouth,'  he  thus  proceeds : 
'  Item.  I  give  and  bequeath  to  Dame  Elizabeth,  my  wife, 
all  my  furniture,  goods,  implements,  and  household  stuff 
whatsoever,  standing  and  being  within  the  doors  of  my 
mansion-house  of  Buckland  (my  plate  and  one  cup  of 
gold  only  excepted,  to  be  sold  towards  the  payment  of 
my  debts).'  And  again,  'towards  the  better  advance- 
ment of  the  jointure  of  the  said  Dame  Elizabeth,'  the 
Admiral  also  gave  her  a  life-interest  in  his  Withy  Mills, 
and  in  his  Plymouth  Mills,  and  in  certain  closes  of  land 
adjoining  them.  These  mills  were  erected  upon  the 
banks  of  the  Leet,  or  stream  of  water,  which,  chiefly  at 
his  own  charges,  and  wholly  by  his  own  ingenuity,  he 
had  brought  from  Dartmoor  for  the  convenience  of  the 
townspeople  of  Plymouth,  who  had  previously  been 
obliged  to  travel  several  miles  for  their  daily  sup- 
plies of  that  necessary.  By  a  post-nuptial  settlement, 
his  wife's  jointure  was  secured  upon  his  Buckland  estate. 
As  an  additional  proof  (were  it  needed)  that  Drake  mar- 
ried the  heiress  of  Combe-  Sydenham,  the  best  portrait  of 
him  was  long  preserved  in  the  mansion-house  there ;  and, 
for  aught  I  know  to  the  contrary,  may  be  still  in  exist- 
ence. An  engraving  of  it  adorns  most  of  the  folio  collec- 
tions of  Voyages  and  Travels  published  in  the  early  part 
of  the  last  century. 

"  You  are  aware  that  the  parentage  of  Drake  is  in- 
volved in  much  (probably  hopeless)  obscurity.  I  believe 
him  to  have  been  of  a  very  mean  origin ;  and  that  he  was, 
therefore  (as  I  have  stated  in  his  biography),  faber  suce 
fortunes,  the  architect  of  his  own  fortunes  as  well  as  of 
those  of  his  family.  While  yet  unknown  to  fame,  he 
married  Mary  Newman — a  woman  doubtlessly  as  humble 
as  himself;  but  that  Drake  treated  her  as  Leicester  did 
poor  Amy  Robsart  seems  to  me  to  be  a  most  gratuitous 
assumption  on  the  part  of  your  correspondent.  Saltash, 
where  Drake  and  his  young  wife  appear  to  have  lived,  or, 
at  all  events,  married  in  the  year  1569,  was  far  from 
being  '  an  out-of-the-way  and  humble  village.'  It  con- 
stituted, in  fact,  a  portion  of  Plymouth  Harbour,  which 
was  inferior  to  none  in  the  kingdom,  excepting  perhaps 
London  and  Bristol.  It  was  then  (namely,  in  1569),  and 
long  afterwards,  the  chief  port  of  departure  for  the  royal 
squadrons. 

"  Of  Drake's  domestic  life,  prior  to  1582,  nothing  what- 
ever is  known,  and  but  little  of  it  subsequently  to  that 
period.  All  speculation,  therefore,  on  that  point  must 
necessarily  be  vain.  Till  he  had  practically  demon- 
strated the  orbicular  form  of  the  earth  (Magalhaens,  fifty 
years  previously,  had  all  but  accomplished  the  same  pro- 
blem), he  was  unknown  to  fame — at  least,  in  Europe. 
As  the  "  Dragon  "  (half-beast,  half-man,)  of  the  Indies, 
he  was  better  known  to  the  Spaniards  serving  there  than 
to  his  own  countrymen.  When,  in  1577,  he  embarked 
for  the  western  coast  of  South  America,  and,  to  the 
amazement  of  his  superstitious  contemporaries,  shot  the 
terror-inspiring  straits  of  Magalhaens,  the  circumnaviga- 
tion of  the  globe  did  not  form  a  part  of  his  original 
scheme.  That  stupendous  feat  resulted  from  purely  ac- 
cidental circumstances.  Fearing  the  pursuit  of  his"  ene- 
mies, and  failing  to  accomplish  the  north-west  passage 
homewards,  by  Bering's  Straits,  with  equal  boldness,  he 


struck  across  the  North  Pacific  Ocean ;  and  so  returned 
to  England  by  doubling  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  after  an 
absence  of  two  years  and  ten  months.  Unless  he  is  to  be 
accused  of  neglecting  his  first  wife  whilst  thus  engaged, 
there  is  absolutely  no  other  support  for  such  a  charge  as 
that  insinuated  by  your  correspondent.  Moreover,  all 
that  is  known  of  his  personal  character  militates  against 
it :  his  benevolence  was  only  equalled  by  his  liberality, 
and  both  were  unbounded. 

"  Respecting  the  fact  of  so  little  having  been  recorded 
of  Drake's  second  wife,  the  Lady  Elizabeth,  I  account  for 
it  in  this  manner :  —  He  must  have  been  married  to  her 
a  little  before  1587 ;  the  greater  part  of  which  year,  and 
the  two  succeeding  ones,  he  spent  at  sea,  defeating  the 
preparations  of  Philip  II.  for  the  invasion  of  this  country. 
In  1589,  in  conjunction  with  Norris,  he  made  an  unsuc- 
cessful attempt  to  capture  Lisbon.  By  this  miscarriage, 
'  the  child  of  fortune  '  not  only  lost  a  large  sum  of  money 
himself,  but  also  heavily  involved,  among  other  co-ad- 
venturers, the  Queen  and  Lord  Keeper  Hatton  (the  former 
in  the  sum  of  20.000Z.,  the  latter  in  that  of  l.OOO/.) ;  who, 
to  their  perpetual  reproach,  never  afterwards  acquitted 
him  of  the  responsibility,  moral  or  pecuniary.  When,  in 
1595,  Elizabeth  was  moved  by  the  popular  cry  to  send 
him  once  more  on  a  filibustering  expedition  to  the  Indies, 
she  could  not  forbear  showing  her  distrust  of  his  '  star  ' 
by  dividing  the  command  of  the  fleet,  and  associating 
with  him  his  worn-out  and  intemperate  relative  Haw- 
kins. In  his  zeal  to  regain  the  confidence  and  smiles  of 
his  fickle  sovereign,  and,  above  all,  to  retrieve  her  former 
losses  with  interest,  he  overtaxed  his  abilities  and  died  of 
chagrin.  Between  the  years  1590  and  1595,  although 
the  representative  of  Bosiney,  and  taking  part  in  the 
business  and  debates  of  the  eighth  of  the  queen's  Parlia- 
ments, he  never  once  dared  to  show  his  face  at  Court. 
His  wife,  of  course,  shared  his  disgrace,  and  missed  the 
questionable  privilege  of  exhibiting  herself  in  the  royal 
salons  of  Theobalds  and  Greenwich.  Hence,  I  conceive, 
the  reason  of  so  little  being  known  of  her."] 


CAMPBELLS  OF  CALDER,  ISLAND  OF  ISLAY. 

The  Campbells  of  Calder,  or  Cawdor,  were  a 
younger  branch  of  the  Argyll  family.  They  came 
off  from  the  main  stock,  fully  three  hundred  and 
fifty  years  ago.  In  a  volume  designated  Cawdor 
Papers,  in  the  Library  of  the  Faculty  of  Advo- 
cates, there  is  an  old  inventory  of  the  title-deeds 
of  the  family,  the  first  article  of  which  is,  "  In- 
strument of  renunciation  of  Colin,  Earl  of  Argyll, 
in  favour  of  John  Campbell,  of  Calder,  his  Uncle, 
of  the  Lands  of  Eichtracham,  Sondachan,  Kilmuir, 
Barbia,  Tornan,  and  Ormaig,  dated  19  August, 
1529." ' 

They  were  granted  to  Sir  John  Campbell,  of 
Calder,  by  Crown  Charter  from  James  VI. ;  and 
were,  with  other  lands,  erected  into  a  barony 
Nov.  21,  1614.  Infeftment  followed,  February  6, 
1615.  The  charter  and  infeftment  were  con- 
firmed in  Parliament,  1617.  His  descendant, 
James  Campbell  of  Calder,  or  Cawdor,  sold  this 
valuable  barony  early  last  century  to  Campbell  of 
Shawfield;  with  whose  successors  it  remained 
until  a  few  years  ago,  when  the  debt  upon  it  was 
so  great  that  a  sale  could  not  be  avoided.  It  was 
purchased  by  Mr.  Morrison  of  London.  His  son 


3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  26,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


243 


and  heir  has  sold  a  portion  of  it ;  retaining,  how- 
ever, the  greater  part.  The  following  letters, 
connected  with  the  early  history  of  this  large 
island,  may  be  worth  inserting  in  "N.  &  Q." 
The  first  is  from  James  Campbell,  Esq.,  the  direct 
ancestor  of  the  Earls  of  Cawdor ;  who  still  possess 
their  other  valuable  Scotish  estates  on  the  con- 
tinent of  Scotland.  It  is  addressed  to  his  agent, 
James  Anderson,  the  editor  of  the  Diplomata. 
The  second  is  from  Mr.  Morrison,  in  regard  to 
the  building  of  a  parish  meeting  house,  or  manse ; 
and  the  third  is  from  the  schoolmaster  of  Kil- 
larow.  The  last  two  are  addressed  to  Mr.  Patrick 
Anderson,  the  eldest  son  of  Mr.  James  Anderson, 
who  had  been  appointed  Factor  of  Isla — a  very 
troublesome  office.  Mr.  Colquhoune's  (the  school- 
master's) epistle  is  particularly  curious,  as  it  in- 
dicates that  in  that  remote  and  isolated  island 
Greek  was  taught  in  the  parish  school  in  1721. 

"  London,  May  7, 1719. 
"  My  dear  Sir, 

"  Sir  James  Campbell,  of  Arkinglass,  does  me  the  honour 
to  be  the  bearer  of  this.  He  was  desired  to  speak  to  me 
in  behalf  of  John  Campbell  of  Killinailler,  who  it  seems 
is  very  desirous  to  continue  in  a  tenement  you  have 
warned  him  out  of  in  Hay :  therefore,  at  Sir  Jameses  de- 
sire, I  send  this  to  let  you  know  I  would  have  all  pro- 
ceedings against  him  stopt  till  I  have  been  informed  of 
the  case. 

"  I  am,  Sir, 

"  Your  humble  Servant, 

"  Mr.  James  Anderson,  "  JAMES  CAMPBELL. 

Writer  to  her  majestes 
Signet, 

Edinburgh." 
"  Sir, 

"  I  hope  by  this  time  you  have  got  some  reply  from 
Calder  about  the  building  of  a  meeting-house  in  this 
Parish,  and  that  he  has  impower'd  you  to  begin  the 
building  of  one.  Our  present  house  will  not  stand ;  and 
tho'  it  did,  I  need  not  tell  you  that  it  is  an  uudecent  one ; 
but  such  as  it  is,  another  ought  to  be  settled  about,  and 
materialls  provided  for  it,  or  begin  with  that  we  have.  I 
have  them  that  are  contributing  largely  in  Calder's 
name  for  the  repairing- of  the  Churches  of  Kilchowan  and 
Kilearn ;  while  indeed  it  was  well  done,  and  was  very 
necessary.  I  hope  therefore  we,  who  in  a  manner  went 
altogether,  will  not  be  neglected ;  and  if  something  be 
not  done  timeously  for  us,  neither  Calder  nor  his  doers 
can  take  it  ill  if  we  must  be  forced  to  get  the  thing  done 
in  terms  of  Law,  for  they  have  been  previously  applied  to 
about.  I  am  just  now  going  to  Kintyre,  and  waiting  to 
know  what  return  of  this  I  get  from  you.  I  resolved  to 
adress  or  not  adress  the  Presbitry  to  do  what  several 
Acts  of  Parliament  allows  them  in  such  cases,  and  this  is 
what  I  told  your  Father  at  Edinburgh,  May  was  a  year, 
would  be  done  in  case  a  favourable  answer  was  not  pre- 
viously had  from  Calder;  and  this  I  think,  we  have 
waited  for  long  enough. 

"  When  I  was  last  at  Kilearn,  I  had  a  mind  to  ask  a 
lend  of  a  favour  of  you ;  but  I  thought  you  was  so  busy 
on  your  accounts  with  Duncan  Balloch,  that  I  did  not 
tiiink  it  good  manners  to  trouble  you.  The  favour  is  this, 
I  belive  you  have  ane  Plea- Bull  in  the  Island  of  Texa. 
and  I  am  lik  to  loss  the  benefit  of  my  cattle  for  want  of 
one.  If  you  would  allow  me  him  for  two  days  or  a  fort- 
night, I  am  sure  he  would  not  be  the  worse,  and  it 


would  be  a  great  kindness  to  me.  If  jrou  are  a  mind  I 
should  get  him,  write  two  lines  to  your  office,  that  he 
may  speak  to  your  clerk  to  let  me  know  him ;  and  in 
this  case,  I  shall  cause  Ferry  safely  back  and  forward. 
Your  favourable  return  I  expect  with  the  bearer, 
"  And  am,  Sir, 

"  Yours,  Truly, 

"  J.  MORKISON. 

"  P.S.— In  case  Archibald  and  Lauchlan  Cambell  have 
not  taken  up  the  money  I  consigned  in  your  hands,  and 
that  you  should  be  called  out  of  the  Country  and  not 
return  home  again,  I  hope  you  will  not  forgett  to  leave  it 
with  some  sure  hand,  that  they  may  get  no  advantage  of 
me.  Adieu." 

«  Sir, 

"  In  answer  to  yours  of  the  7th  of  February  last  please 
know,  that  I  have  a  very  good  Greek  Dictionary  at  your 
service,  viz.  Schriveli's  Lexicon.  As  for  my  Grammar, 
which  is  Clenard's,  its  soe  .abus'd  by  lending  to  my 
Scholars,  that  its  nothing  worth.  I  give  you  many 
hearty  thanks  for  being  so  mindeful  of  my  concerns,  an'd 
I  wish  you  a  happy  journey  to  Isla.  My  good  wishes  is 
all  I  can  returne  you  in  recompence  of  your  manyfold 
favours;  and  were  I  capable  to  serve  you  with  good 
deeds,  I'm  fully  sensible  t'wer  my  duty ;  wherein  I  can 
in  lesse  or  mor,"you'll  signifie  to 

"  Sir, 
"  Your  most  obedient 

verry  humble  servant, 

"  Killarow,  "  PATRICK  COLQUHOUNE. 

March  20th,  1721. 


To  Mr.  Patrick  Anderson, 
Factor  of  Isla." 


J.M. 


RING  POSIES. 

In  the  old  MS.  common-place-book  referred  to 
(l§t  S.  xi.  23),  are  a  great  number  of  ring  posies, 
and  "  posyes  for  letter  breades,"  which  are  at 
your  service.  The  latter,  probably  embroidered 
on  the  ribbon  which  tied  love-letters,  have  affixed 
to  them  the  date  1633.  The  sentences  are  fre- 
quently abbreviated  and  difficult  of  interpreta- 
tion ;  hand,  heart,  eye,  being  indicated  by  rude 
representations  of  those  objects,  without  which, 
in  some  cases,  the  verse  could  not  be  compressed 
within  the  narrow  cincture.  Thus, — 

"  W.  C?  A.  «3°.  D.  G.  C  S, 
T.  L.  A.  L.  A.  R.  C  T., 

is  explained  to  mean,  — 

"  Where  heart  and  hand  do  give  consent, 
There  live  and  love  and  rest  content." 

In   the  following,   where  the  words  are  printed 
in  italics,  they  are  symbolized  in  the  original. 

I  send  you  such  a  portion  as  your  space  will 
admit,  and  will  continue  them  in  future  numbers. 
They  do  not  all  seem  suitable  for  wedding  rings. 
Was  it  the  custom  to  inscribe  rings  given  as  tokens 
of  love  or  friendship  ? 

If  well  respected, 
Not  ill  directed. 
Till  y*  I  have  better 
I  remayne  your  detter. 


244 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  26,  '63. 


My  Iieart  in  silence  speaks  to  thee  . 

Tho'  absence  barrs  tong's  libeity. 

Love  I  like  thee ;  sweete  requite  mee. 

Both  heart  and  hand  at  your  command. 

Faithfull  ever,  deceitefull  never. 

I  like,  I  love,  as  Turtle  dove. 

As  gold  is  pure,  so  love  is  shure. 

I  present,  you  absent. 

Despise  not  mee :  y*  ioyes  in  thee, 

If  j'ou  deny,  then  sure  I  dye. 

Wth  teares  I  mourne,  as  one  forlorne. 

Lost  all  content,  if  not  consent. 

A  friend  to  one,  as  like  to  none. 

Your  sight,  my  delight. 
Virtue  meeting,  happy  greeting. 
As  trust,  bee  just. 
For  a  kiss  take  this. 
No  better  smart  shall  change  my  heart. 
Hurt  not  y*  heart  whose  joy  thou  art. 
My  heart  and  I  until  I  dye. 
Sweet  heart  I  pray,  doe  not  say  nay. 
My  heart  you  have  and  yours  I  crave. 
As  you  now  find  so  judge  me  kind. 
If  you  say  do'et,  I  will  stand  to  'et. 
One  word  for  all,  I  love  and  shall. 
My  constant  love  shall  never  move. 
Like  and  take,  mislike  forsake. 
The  want  of  thee  is  griefe  to  mee. 
Be  true  to  mee  y*  gives  it  thee. 
Desire  hath  set  my  heart  on  fire. 
I  hope  to  see  you  yeeld  to  mee. 
Both  or  neither,  chuse  you  whether. 
Heart,  this,  and  mee,  if  you  agree. 
This  accepted,  my  wish  obtained. 
This  accepted,  my  wish  affected. 
Thy  friend  am  I,  and  so  will  dye. 

0  y1 1  might  have  my  delight. 
Within  my  brest,  thy  heart  doth  rest. 
Parting  is  payne  when  love  doth  remay. 
My  corne  is  growne  love  reape  thy  owne. 
This  thy  desert  shall  crown  my  heart. 

1  fancy  none  but  thee  alone. 

THOMAS  Q.  COUCH. 

Gold  rings  with  the  following  mottoes  are  in  my 
possession :  — 

God  sent  her  me  my  wife  to  be. 
God's  appointment  js  my  contentment. 

T.  NORTH. 
Leicester. 


AN  ANCIENT  CUSTOM. — The  triennial  ceremony 
of  "  throwing  the  dart  "  in  Cork  harbour  was 
performed  on  Thursday  afternoon  by  the  Mayor 
of  that  city.  This  is  one  of  the  very  few  still  extant 
of  those  quaint  ceremonials  by  which  in  olden 
time  municipal  boundaries  were  preserved  and 
corporate  rights  asserted.  A  similar  civic  pageant, 


called  "  riding  the  fringes  "  (franchises),  was  for- 
merly held  by  the  Lord  Mayor  and  Corporation 
of  Dublin,  in  which,  after  riding  round  the  in- 
land boundaries  of  the  borough,  the  cavalcade 
halted  at  a  point  on  the  shore  near  Bullock,  whence 
the  Lord  Mayor  hurled  a  dart  into  the  sea,  the 
sppt  where  it  fell  marking  the  limit  of  his  mari- 
time jurisdiction.  At  2  P.M.  the  members  of 
the  Cork  Town  Council  embarked  on  board  a 
steam  vessel,  attended  by  all  the  civic  officers  and 
the  band  of  the  Cork  City  Artillery.  A  number 
of  ladies  also  accompanied  the  party.  The  steamer 
proceeded  out  to  sea  until  she  reached  an  ima- 
ginary line  between  Poor  Head  and  Cork  Head, 
which  is  supposed  to  be  the  maritime  boundary 
of  the  borough.  Here  the  Mayor  donned  his 
official  robes,  and  proceeded,  attended  by  the 
mace  and  sword  bearer,  the  city  treasurer,  and 
the  town  clerk  —  all  wearing  their  official  cos- 
tumes —  to  the  prow  of  the  vessel,  whence  he 
launched  the  javelin  into  the  water,  thereby  as- 
serting his  authority  as  Lord  High  Admiral  of 
the  port.  The  event  was  celebrated  by  a  banquet 
in  the  evening. — The  Leeds  Mercury,  Sept.  8, 
1863.  K.  P.  D.  E. 

PARODY  BY  GOSTLING. — In  a  copy  of  the  first 
edition  of  Gostling's  Canterbury,  I  lately  picked 
up  at  a  bookstall,  I  found  on  one  of  the  end 
leaves  the  following  note.  Probably  you  may 
think  it  worth  preserving  in  "  N.  &  Q."  I  enclose 
it  for  that  purpose  :  — 

"  Mr.  Gostling,  a  Clergyman  belonging  to  the  Cathedral 
of  Canterbury,  is  said  to  be  the  writer  of  the  following 
admirable  Parody  on  the  noted  grammatical  line  — 

'  Bifrons,  atque  Custos,  Bos,  Fur,  Sns,  atque  Sacerdos,'  — 
"  Bifrons  ever  when  he  preaches ; 
Custos  of  what  in  his  reach  is ; 
Bos  among  his  neighbours'  wives ; 
Fur  in  gathering  of  his  tithes ; 
Sus  at  every  parish  feast ; 
On  Sunday,  Sacerdos,  a  priest." 

T.  B. 

BADGES. — Allow  me  to  suggest  to  the  Learned 
and  other  Societies,  and  even  to  such  bodies  as 
clubs,  regiments,  schools,  and  old-established  busi- 
ness houses,  the  adoption  of  appropriate  medal- 
lions or  emblems,  wearable  as  pendants,  and  issued 
to  their  own  members  exclusively.  Medallions 
would  open  a  new  field  for  the  engraver  and 
numismatist,  besides  displacing  much  trash  now 
suspended  from  the  button-hole. 

S.  F.  CRESSWELL. 
Cathedral  School,  Durham. 

WlIXIAM  LlTHGOW  ON  THE  VlRTUE  OF  TOBACCO. 

The  following  singular  testimony  of  the  virtue 
of  tobacco,  by  William  Lithgow,  the  earliest 
Scotish  traveller,  who  presented  to  the  country 
a  printed  record  of  his  wondrous  peregrinations, 
s,  we  think,  worthy  of  insertion  in  "  N.  &  Q." 
~n  that  curious  dialogue  between  himself  and  his 


.  IV.  SKPT.  20,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEBIES. 


245 


muse,  recently  reprinted,  the  latter  calls  to  Lith- 
gow's  recollection  : 

"...    thy  sterile  Lybian  wayes 
Where  thou  didst  fast,  but  meate  or  drinke,  nyne  days." 

The  Pilgrim  gives  the  following  answer,  which 
would  not  be  very  much  relished  by  the  sapient 
monarch  who  then  held  the  sceptre  of  the  three 
kingdoms,  and  who  had  anathematized  the  Nico- 
tian weed :  — 

"  Dispeopled  desarts  bred  that  dear-bought  griefe ; 

No  state  but  change,  no  sweet  without  some  gall ; 
Yet  in  Tobacco  I  found  great  relief, 
The  smoak  whereof  expelled  that  pinching  thrall ; 
And  for  that  time,  I  graunt,  I  drunke  the  water 
That  through  my  bodie  came,  instead  of  better." 

J.  M. 

VERSES  BY  Miss  INNES  or  STOW. — William 
Mitchel,  cashier  of  the  Royal  Bank,  married 
Christian  Shairp,  daughter  of  Thomas  Shairp  of 
Houston.  On  this  occasion  Miss  Jane  Innes, 
sister,  and  eventually  heiress  of  Gilbert  Innes, 
Esq.,  of  Stow,  presented  Mr.  Mitchel  with  a  silver 
bread-basket,  accompanied  by  the  following  lines 
written  by  herself,  July  20,  1810: — 

"  In  ancient  times,  in  days  of  yore, 

When  blood  and  kindred  kept  their  place, 
We  blessed  the  basket  and  its  store, 

And  sent  it  round  to  all  our  race. 
Partial  to  modes  of  former  years, 

The  emblematic  gift  I  send ; 
And  tho'  nor  corn,  nor  wine  appears, 

It  bears  the  blessing  of  a  friend." 

Besides  the  landed  estates  of  her  brother,  this 
lady,  who  died  at  a  very  advanced  age,  succeeded 
to  more  than  one  million  sterling.  At  the  period 
of  her  demise,  Miss  Innes  must  have  been  by  far 
the  richest  heiress  in  Scotland.  Perhaps  it  might 
be  said,  that  she  was  the  richest  that  ever  was 
born  or  died  in  that  country :  for  she  added  not 
only  to  her  brother's  landed  estate,  but  added,  it 
is  understood,  several  hundred  thousand  pounds 
to  the  personal  estate ;  and  this  after  handsomely 
providing  for  individuals  who  had  a  claim  upon 
her.  It  is  perhaps  unnecessary  to  add,  as  this  is 
perhaps  sufficiently  indicated  by  the  lines,  that  the 
lady  was  like  her  brother  Gilbert — a  staunch 
Tory.  J.  M. 

BARRINGTONS.  —  In  the  Eev.  J.  Booth's  Epi- 
grams, Ancient  and  Modern,  &c.,  that  "  On  B 


Bishop  of    Durham,  and  Barrington,  the   pick- 
pocket," is  given  thus  :  — 

"  Two  names  of  late,  in  a  different  way, 
With  spirit  and  zeal  did  bestir  'em ; 
The  one  was  transported  to  Botany  Bay, 
The  other  translated  to  Durham." 

It  is  well  known  that  Barrington,  the  pick- 
pocket, was  transported  for  abstracting  the  gold 
snuff-box  of  a  foreign  nobleman,  at  a  court  levee ; 
but  by  Mr.  Booth's  omitting  all  notice  of  that 
fact,  and  by  his  giving  an  incorrect  version  of  the 


first  two  Ikies,  the  epigram  lost  its  chief  point. 
My  memory,  which  dates  from  about  the  time  of 
its  first  delivery,  gives  the  following  as  the  cor- 
recter  version :  — 

"Two  of  a  name —  both  great  in  their  way — 

At  Court  lately  well  did  bestir  'em  ; 
The  one  was  transported  to  Botany  Bay, 
And  the  other  translated  to  Durham." 

P.  H.  P. 

"  ANNE  BOLETN,"  A  TERM  OF  OPPROBIUM. — It 

may  interest  your  readers  to  know  that  the  ex- 
pression "  Aquella  e  uma  Anna  Boleyna,"  though 
gradually  dying  out,  is  still  used  in  Portugal,  in 
speaking  of  a  woman  of  doubtful  character.  A 
curious  saying,  showing  how  intense  the  feeling 
must  once  have  been  for  the  much-injured  Catha- 
rine of  Arragon.  It  is  also,  I  believe,  in  use  in 
Spain.  C.  B. 

Palmeiro,  Madeira. 

COINCIDENCE. — Among  the  recent  additions  to 
the  charming  periodicals  of  France  is  Le  Nain 
Jaune.  It  is  in  the  style  of  the  Figaro,  but  not  a 
servile  imitation.  I  have  not  yet  seen  it  in  Eng- 
land. The  writers  are  so  rich  in  wit  that  they 
need  not  borrow  or  steal,  and  I  therefore  note  the 
following,  not  as  a  plagiarism,  but  a  coincidence : 

"  LA  TOUR  DE  NESLKS. 

"  Drame  en  cinq  actes  de  MESSIEURS  Alexandra  Dumas 

SEUL. 

"  Au  premieur  tableau,  deux  gamins  sont  en  scene 
dans  la  taverne  d'Orsini. 

"  Arrive  Buridan,  attife  d'un  superbe  costume  Louis 
XIII.  et  attele  a  un  grand  sabre  de  cavalerie." — Le  Nain 
Jaune,  No.  29,  Aout  22,  1863. 

"  Idem  (Cicero)  cum  Lentulum,  generum  suum,  exiguse 
naturae  hominem,  longo  gladio  accinctum  vidisset, '  Quis,' 
inquit, '  generum  nieum  ad  gladium  alligavit  ? ' " — Ma- 
crobii,  Saturnal.  1.  ii.  c.  3.  p.  228,  ed.  1694. 

FlTZHOPKINS. 

Paris. 


ALEXANDER   SETON,   THE    SCOTTISH 
ALCHEMIST. 

The  very  little  that  is  known  of  this  extraor- 
dinary character  has  a  most  tantalising  effect, 
inducing  a  strong  craving  to  learn  more.  There 
can  be  no  doubt  that  he  was  a  native  of  Scotland ; 
his  variously  Latinised  names  of  Sethonius,  Sido- 
nius,  Suthoneus,  Suethonius,  Seethonius,  Setonius — 
being  almost  invariably  accompanied  by  the  epi- 
thet Scotus.  Wolfgang  Dienheim,  however,  in 
his  Medicina  Universalis,  cap.  xxiv.  [Argentorati, 
MDCX.]  says  that  Seton  was  a  native  of  Molia,  in 
an  island  of  the  ocean,  —  "  e  Molia  regnum  illud 
est  ac  insula  Oceani."  The  great  desideratum  is, 
to  what  Scottish  family  of  the  name  did  Seton 
belong  ?  His  residence,  as  a  gentleman  of  position 
and  property  on  the  shores  of  the  Frith  of  Forth, 


246 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[S"»  S.  IV.  SEPT.  26,  '63. 


in  1601,  when  he  afforded  succour  l£>  the  ship- 
wrecked crew  of  a  Dutch  vessel,  would  point  to 
the  noble  house  of  Winton,  in  which  it  should  be 
recollected  that  Alexander  was  a  family  name. 
But  a  careful  examination  of  Maitland's  Gene- 
alogy of  the  House  arid  Surname  of  Seton,  and 
other  Scottish  genealogical  works,  has  thrown 
no  light  on  the  question. 

A  few  notices  of  Seton,  from  his  contemporaries, 
may  aid  to  his  identification.  Early  in  1602,  he 
was  at  Enkhuysen,  in  Holland,  and  subsequently 
visited  Amsterdam  and  Rotterdam,  whence,  it  is 
supposed,  he  embarked  for  Italy.  His  servant, 
scholar,  or  friend — it  is  difficult  to  say  in  which 
capacity  he  was  —  who  travelled  with  him,  bore 
the  name  of  William  Hamilton.  In  the  same  and 
following  year,  Seton  is  heard  of  at  Basle, 
Strasburg,  Cologne,  Frankfort -on -the -Maine, 
and  Munich,  at  which  last  place  he  married  in 
1603 ;  Hamilton  returning  to  Britain  about  the 
same  time.  Immediately  afterwards,  Seton  was 
induced  to  visit  the  Court  of  Christian  II.,  Elector 
of  Saxony.  Here  he  was  imprisoned  and  cruelly 
tortured  by  the  Elector,  but  in  vain ;  the  alchemist 
resolutely  refusing  to  reveal  his  secret  art  of 
making  gold.  Rescued  from  prison  by  a  Mora- 
vian or  Polish  gentleman  named  Michael  Sendi- 
vogius,  also  well  known  in  the  strange  annals  of 
the  Hermetic  philosophy,  Seton  was  taken  to 
Cracow,  where  he  died  from  the  effects  of  the 
torture  in  January  1604. 

WILLIAM  PINKERTON. 


ANONYMOUS.  —  "  Divinity  and  Philosophy  Dis- 
sected and  set  forth,  by  a  Madman.  4to,  Amster- 
dam, 1644."  Any  particulars  of  this  sensible  book 
would  be  ^  acceptable.  A  copy  is  in  the  British 
Museum.  '  All  the  most  likely  books  on  bibliogra- 
phy have  been  consulted  without  finding  any 
mention  of  the  wofk.  The  imprint  is  doubtful. 

SENNOKE. 

ARMORIAL. — I  should  be  glad  to  ascertain  what 
families  bear  the  following  arms:  —  1.  Gules,  a 
lion  statant,  or,  crowned  argent.  2.  Gules,  three 
hands  ermine,  two  and  one.  3.  Or,  three  bars 
sable.  They  probably  belong  to  Kentish  families, 
as  they  are  found  in  conjunction  with  Goldwell, 
Holland,  Malmayne,  Surrendene,  and  Rowe. 

C.  J.  R. 

BAPTISM  OF  BELLS.  —  Can  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents favour  me  with  the  following  particu- 
lars; unfortunately  no  one  about  here  possesses 
the  works  referred  to :  — 

1.  The  description  of  the  ceremony  used  at  the 
baptism  of  a  set  of  bells  in  Italy,  and  mentioned 
by  Chauncy  in  his  History  of  Hertfordshire. 

2.  The   quotation  from   the   Romish  Beehive, 
p.  17,  ridiculing  the  baptism  of  bells. 


3.  Delrio's  denial  of  the  baptising  of  bells  in  his 
Magical  Disquisitions. 

Any  further  information  that  can  be  given  to 
me  respecting  the  denial  of  the  custom  will  oblige, 
as  I  am  engaged  in  collecting  a  few  scraps  upon 
the  subject. 

In  the  Centum  Oravanium,  offered  to  Pope 
Adrian  in  1521,  by  the  Princes  of  Germany,  re- 
specting the  baptism  of  bells,  it  concludes  with, 
"  that  the  said  bells  might  be  baptised  not  only  by 
suffragans,  but  by  any  priest,  with  holy  water,  salt, 
herbs,  without  such  cost."  In  which  way  were  the 
salt  and  herbs  used  ?  and  what  were  they  ?  Salt 
has  been  used  in  the  services  of  the  dead,  and  has 
also  been  considered  by  the  superstitious  to  pro- 
tect infants  from  sorcery  and  the  fairies,  but  I 
have  not  heard  of  its  application  in  baptism  be- 
fore. ROBERT  MORRIS. 

Richmond  House,  Boughton,  Chester. 

BED-GOWN  AND  NIGHT-DRESS.  —  As  a  question 
illustrating  the  custom  of  our  forefathers,  I  ask, 
When  was  this  article  of  dress  first  put  on  and 
slept  in  ?  It  arises  from  a  perusal  of  Fielding's 
Joseph  Andrews,  the  first  edition  of  which  was 
published  about  1736.  Throughout  this  work  it 
would  appear  that  our  grandparents  did  not  sleep 
in  a  dress.  One  passage  is,  "  She  then  raised  her- 
self a  little  in  her  bed. — I  have  trusted  myself  with 
a  man  alone,  naked  in  bed,"  b.  i.  chap.  v.  Another 
extract  is, "  He  therefore  arose,  put  on  his  breeches 
and  night-gown,  and  stole  softly  along  the  gal- 
lery," b.  iv.  chap.  xiv.  Do  not  the  early  mediaeval 
illuminated  manuscripts  show  that  no  night-dress 
was  used  ? 

Soon  after  writing  this,  I  noticed  in  the  article 
on  "Mrs.  Glasse"  (2nd  S.  vi.  147),  that  her  adver- 
tisement notifies  that  she  made  (1751,  fourth  edit.) 
"  bed-gowns,  night-gowns,  and  robe  de  shambers." 
Have  our  names  changed  for  these  dresses,  and 
our  present  "  dressing-gown "  used  for  the  more 
ancient  "  night-gown  "  ?  W.  P. 

THE  DEVIL.  —  lam  desirous  to  obtain  every 
possible  kind  of  book  or  tractate,  or  paper  in  pe- 
riodicals, in  any  language,  bearing  upon  the  exist- 
ence and  attributes  of  Satan.  I  am  anxious  to 
possess  the  literature  and  art  of  the  subject.  I  ask 
readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  to  kindly  give  me  the  benefit 
of  their  knowledge  of  sources  of  information  and 
illustration.  I  am  specially  wishful  to  get  at  the 
conceptions  of  the  Devil  prior  to  Milton's  splendid 
nonsense ;  also  to  know  any  paintings  or  sculpture 
by  distinguished  names  in  which  the  Evil  One  is 
represented.  r. 

THE  GAME  OF  WHIST.  —  I  beg  to  be  informed 
where  I  can  find  memoirs  of  celebrated  whist 
players  in  England,  particularly  towards  the  end 
of  the  last  century  and  the  commencement  of  the 
present.  Of  course  I  mean  the  long  game,  and 
aefore  the  general  introduction  of  short  whist.  I 


3rd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  26,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


247 


have  heard  that  Major  Crewe  (query  of  the  Che- 
shire family  ?)  and  a  gentleman  of  the  name  of 
Smith,  who,  for  distinction,  was  known  by  the 
appellation  of  Tippoo  Smith,  having  been  in  the 
East  Indies,  were  considered  to  understand  the 
game  better  than  any  other  amateurs  in  this 
country.  I  request  some  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
to  answer  me  on  this  point,  and  to  give  me  refer- 
ences on  this  subject.  A. 

REV.  GEORGE  HEATH. — This  gentleman  wrote 
a  small  16mo  volume,  entitled  The  History,  Anti- 
quities, Survey,  and  Description  of  the  City  and 
Suburbs  of  Bristol,  &c.,  which  was  published  in 
1797.  Can  any  of  the  readers  of  "N.  &  Q." 
oblige  me  with  an  account  of  the  author ;  if  dead, 
with  the  date  of  his  decease,  age,  &c. ;  if  living, 
where  ? 

To  save  trouble,  I  may  state  that  I  have  met 
with  the  following  :  — 

Dr.  George  Heath  was  educated  at  Eton ; 
elected  to  King's  College  in  1763  ;  A.B.  1768 ; 
A.M.  1771 ;  was  tutor  to  the  Earl  of  Moreton  ; 
an  assistant  at  Eton  School ;  and  in  December 
1791,  was  elected  Head  Master  of  that  celebrated 
seminary.  He  was  presented  to  the  rectory  of 
Monks  Risborough,  Bucks,  by  the  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury,  which  he  resigned.  On  being  ap- 
pointed a  Fellow  of  Eton  College,  he  resigned  the 
Head-Mastership,  and  died  Feb.  23,  1822;  also 
George  Heath,  D.D.,  was  vicar  of  Stourminster 
Marshal,  Dorset,  1815.  GEOEGE  PRYCE. 

Bristol  City  Library. 

JOHN  HEYWOOD,  THE  EPIGRAMMATIST. — "Wood 
(A.  O.,  i.  350,  ed.  Bliss)  says  that  he  ended  his 
days  at  Mechlin  about  1565.  Fuller  (Worthies, 
London,  p.  222,)  gives  the  date  1566.  But  in  a 
list  of  Roman  Catholic  fugitives,  in  1576,  occurs 
the  following  entry  :  "  Kane.  John  Heywood, 
Gent."  (Egerton  Papers,  p.  63),  which  MR.  COL- 
LIER thinks  refers  to  the  old  poet  and  dramatist ; 
and  adds,  that  "  he  is  known  to  have  been  alive  in 
1570,  but  it  is  possible  that  when  the  return  was 
made  out,  Heywood  was  dead."  Peacham  (Corn- 
pleat  Gentleman,  1661,  p.  95,)  says  he  had  property 
at  North  Mims,  in  Hertfordshire ;  but  I  know 
not  why  MR.  COLLIER  connects  him  with  the  county 
of  Kent,  or  states  that  "  he  is  known  to  have  been 
alive  in  1570."  What  is  the  real  date  of  his 
death  ?  Is  anything  known  of  his  wife  and  family 
beyond  what  Wood  states  of  his  sons  Ellis  and 
Jasper  ?  I  have  reason  to  believe  that  his  wife 
was  a  daughter  of  Judge  Rastall.  CPL. 

HOLYBACK. — What  is  the  meaning  of  the  word 
holyback  in  the  following  extract  from  the  Re- 
gister of  Burials  in  the  parish  of  Staplehurst, 
Kent  ?  — 

"  1578.  There  was  comytted  to  the  earth  the  body  of 
one  Johan  Longley,  who  died  in  the  highway  as  she  was 
carryed  on  holyback  to  have  been  conveyed  from  officer 


to  officer,  tyll  she  should  have  come  to  the  pishe  of  Ray- 
ershe  (Ryarsh)." 

ALFRED  JOHN  DUNKIN. 
Dartford. 

LONDON  UNIVERSITY. — Are  there  any  better 
historical  accounts  of  this  University  than  those 
contained  in  Knight's  Cyclopaedia  of  London  and 
All  the  Year  Round  of  the  16th  of  July,  1859  ? 

Are  the  transactions  of  the  Senate  or  Convoca- 
tion accessible  to  the  public  ? 

WYNNE  E.  BAXTER. 

MAYORS  AND  PROVOSTS. — What  is  the  exact 
point  that  was  settled  in  the  recent  discussion 
between  Garter  and  Ulster?  Sir  George  Grey 
stated  in  the  House  recently  that  Garter's  decision 
only  established  the  relative  precedency  of  the 
Lord  Mayor  of  London,  the  Lord  Provost  of 
Edinburgh,  and  the  Lord  Mayor  of  Dublin,  in 
presenting  petitions  to  her  Majesty.  If  so,  what 
is  the  relative  precedency  generally  of  the  Lord 
Mayors  of  London,  Dublin,  and  York,  the  Lord 
Provost  of  Edinburgh,  and  the  Mayors  and  Pro- 
vosts of  provincial  towns  ? 

JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORKAHD,  M.A. 

THE  PHOSNIX  FAMILY.  — Will  S.  T.,  who  so 
kindly  answered  my  query  (2nd  S.  xii.  217),  give 
me  the  full  name  and  address  in  Wolverhampton 
of  the  tobacconist  he  mentions  ?  J.  C.  L. 

PICART'S  "  RELIGIOUS  CEREMONIES." — Who  was 
the  author  of  the  letterpress  devoted  to  England 
in  Picart's  Religious  Ceremonies?  and  if  a  fo- 
reigner, from  what  source  did  he  derive  his  in- 
formation ?  My  object  in  asking  the  question  is 
to  ascertain  how  far  it  can  be  relied  on  as  a  con- 
temporary account  of  our  religious  observances  in 
the  early  years  of  the  last  century.  L.  I. 

THE  POSTAL  SYSTEM. — Was  it  in  the  reign  of 
James  I.  or  Charles  I.  that  the  postal  system  — 
which  now  is  so  nearly  perfect  all  over  the  world — 
was  introduced  into  this  country  ?  and  when  or 
where  did  it  originate  ?  Had  the  ancients  any- 
thing like  our  system  ?  I  ask  because,  on  refer- 
ence to  the  book  of  Job,  chap.  ix.  ver.  25,  it  is 
stated  that  "  My  days  have  been  swifter  than  a 
post,"  and  again,  in  the  book  of  Esther,  chap.  viii. 
vers.  10  and  14,  we  find  "letters  were  sent  by 
post,  and  swift  posts  were  sent  out  carrying  mes- 
sages "  (the  king's  letters.)  Whatever  antiquity 
there  may  be  about  the  passage  in  Job,  in  regard 
to  a  comparison  with  our  postal  system,  there  can 
be  none  in  reference  to  that  in  Esther,  where 
we  are  told  expressly  that  letters  were  sent  by 
post.  Enlightenment  on  this  point  is  desirable 
as  to  the  antiquity  of  such  a  system. 

S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 

QUOTATION.  —  From  what  poem  is  the  follow- 
ing a  quotation  ?  It  is  given  without  reference  at 


248 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*»  S.  IV.  SEPT.  26,  '63. 


the  conclusion  of  Theodore  Parker's  Discourse  on 
the  Relation  between  the  Ecclesiastical  Institutions 
and  the  Religious  Consciousness  of  the  American 
People.  (Collected  Works,  edited  by  Frances 
Power  Cobbe,  iii.  210.) 

"  Nearer  my  God  to  Thee ! 

Nearer  to  Thee ! 
E'en  though  it  be 

A  cross  that  raiseth  me, 
Still  all  my  song  shall  be, — 
Nearer  my  God  to  Thee ! 
Nearer  to  Thee ! " 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

ROWLATT  OF  OAKLEY  HALL. — Can  any  of  your 
correspondents  tell  me  where  I  can  find  a  pedigree 
of  this  family  ?  I  thing  it  is  a  Northamptonshire 
one.  A.  T.  L. 

SKETCHING  CLUB  OR  SOCIETY.  —  I  should  be 
glad  if  any  of  your  readers  could  inform  me  if  an 
Amateur  Sketching  Society  is  still  in  existence, 
and  where  the  rules  and  regulations  can  be  ob- 
tained ?  If  not,  would  any  friends  reading  this 
(and  who  could  devote  the  time  to  it)  be  disposed 
to  start  a  society  of  amateur  artists  ? 

E.  ROBERTS. 

JOHN  STEWART,  author  of  Scotch  Economy  re- 
hearsed in  France,  or  the  Fashionable  Bull,  a 
Farce,  1788.  This  author  is  not  mentioned  in 
the  Biog.  Dramatica.  Was  he  a  native  of  Scot- 
land ?  R.  INGLIS. 

STONEHENGE. — 

"  Major  Wilford,  in  his  researches  into  Indian  literature, 
found  a  history  of  this  island  (Britain)  and  mention  of 
Stonehenge,  in  the  Sanscrit  character  which  has  been  dis- 
used for  many  centuries." — Gent.  Mag.,  1824,  ii.  505. 

In  what  English  publication  is  this  ancient  his- 
tory, especially  the  part  relating  to  Stonehenge,  to 
be  found  ?  J. 

SYMBOLISM  IN  STONES.  —  Every  one  knows  the 
love  of  symbolism  which  possessed  our  wise  fore- 
fathers, and  how  they  discovered  hidden  meanings 
in  precious  stones  and  flowers.  The  language  of 
flowers  is  well  known,  that  of  stones  much  less  so. 
I  have  looked  into  old  books  on  stones  in  vain. 
Can  you  or  your  readers  aid  me  to  trace  their 
occult  signification.  OXON. 

"  THOUGHTS  ON  THE  EARLY  AGES  OF  THE 
IRISH  NATION,  ETC."  —  I  have  a  copy  of  a  4to 
pamphlet  of  50  pages,  entitled,  Thoughts  on  the 
Early  Ages  of  the  Irish  Nation  and  History,  and 
on  the  Ancient  Establishment  of  the  Milesian  Fami- 
lies in  that  Kingdom,  which  would  appear  to  have 
been  "  privately  printed,"  not  having  the  author's 
name,  nor  the  place  and  date  of  publication.  The 
opening  paragraph,  moreover,  contains  the  fol- 
lowing words :  — 

"  Though  this  Memoir  is  designed  for  private  informa- 
tion, and  not  intended  for  the  world,  it  has  been  thought 
best  to  confine  the  narrative  to  such  points  as  can  be 
established  upon  the  authority  of  historical  data." 


Can  you  tell  me  by  whom  it  was  written,  and 
about  what  time  it  appeared  ?  Does  it  form  part 
of  the  Transactions  of  any  Society  ?  ABHBA. 

WATERFORD  GENTRY.  —  In  Smith's  History  of 
the  County  of  Waterford,  ed.  1746,  there  is  a  list 
of  the  principal  inhabitants  of  that  county  in  the 
reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth.  I  shall  feel  obliged  to 
any  correspondent  who  will  inform  me  from  what 
source  Smith  derived  his  information  on  this  sub- 
ject. R.  M. 

WILLIAM,  EARL  OF  GLOUCESTER.  —  Did  not 
William  Earl  of  Gloucester  die  in  the  year  1183  ? 
So  say  the  authorities  whom  I  have  consulted ;  but 
I  can  throw  no  light  on  the  month  in  which  he 
died.  W.  W.  S. 

T.  WYATT,  author  of  The  Death  of  Abel,  a 
Sacred  Drama,  Reading,  1816.  Wanted,  any 
biographical  particulars  regarding  him,  and  the 
titles  of  any  other  works  published  by  him. 

R.  INGLIS. 


tottf) 

INSCRIPTION  ON  THE  FOUNDATION  STONE  OF 
CARDINAL  WOLSEY'S  COLLEGE  AT  IPSWICH.  — 
In  Murray's  Hand-Book  to  the  Cathedrals  of 
England  (Eastern  Division,  Oxford  Cathedral,  p. 
35)  occur  the  following  remarks  :  — 

"In  the  outer  division  of  the  Chapter  House,  against 
the  south  wall,  is  the  foundation  stone  of  Wolsey's  College 
at  Ipswich,  rescued  from  destruction  by  the  Rev.  Richard 
Canning,  Rector  of  Harkstead  and  Freston  in  Suffolk, 
who  found  it  built  into  a  wall,  and  bequeathed  it  to  the 
Dean  and  Chapter  in  1789.  The  inscription  (at  length) 
runs  thus :  '  Anno  Christi  1528,  et  Regni  Henrici  Octavi, 
Regis  Anglise  20,  mensis  vero  Junii  15,  positum  per 
Johannem,  Episcopum  Lidensem.'  This  bishop  was  John 
Holt,  titular  Bishop  of  Lydda,  and  probably  a  suffragau 
of  Lincoln." 

I  ask  is  not  Mr.  John  King,  the  able  compiler 
of  the  Hand-Book,  mistaken  in  asserting  that  the 
foundation  stone  was  laid  by  Bishop  Holt?  I 
have  always  seen  another  bishop  mentioned  as 
having  laid  the  foundation  stone,  viz.  John  Long- 
land,  Bishop  of  Lincoln  from  1521  to  1547,  who 
was  also  confessor  to  Henry  VIII. 

In  Howard's  Cardinal  Wolsey  and  his  Times 
(London,  1824,  p.  365),  reference  is  made  to  this 
very  circumstance  in  the  following  words :  — 

"  Kirby  says  that  the  very  foundation  (of  the  college) 
was  dug  up,  in  so  much  so  that  the  first  stone  was  not 
long  since  (1764)  found  in  two  pieces,  worked  into  a 
common  wall  in  Woulform's  Lane,  with  a  Latin  inscrip- 
tion to  this  effect  — 'In  the  year  of  Christ,  1528,  and  the 
twentieth  of  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.  King  of  England, 
on  the  15th  of  June,  laid  by  John,  Bishop  of  Lincoln.'  It 
is  now  preserved  in  Christ  Church  College  as  a  relic  of 
the  founder,"  &c. 

Mr.  King  may  perhaps  have  copied  the  Latin 
inscription  incorrectly.  Instead  of  "per  Joannem 


.  IV.  SEPT.  26,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


249 


Episcopum  Lidensem"  ought  it  not  to  be  "  Episco- 
putn  Lincolniensem  ?  "  Or  was  Longland  titular 
bishop  of  Lydda,  and  only  a  suffragan  of  Lincoln? 
Mr.  King,  in  his  List  of  the  Bishops  of  Lincoln 
(p.  348),  speaks  of  John  Longland  as  simply 
Bishop  of  Lincoln,  Dean  of  Salisbury,  and  Confes- 
sor to  Henry  VIII.  (A.D.  1521-1547.) 

J.  D ALTON. 
Norwich. 

[The  passage  relating  to  this  stone  is  quoted  verbatim 
by  Mr.  King  from  Ingram's  Memorials  of  Oxford,  i.  63, 
where  there  js  a  facsimile  engraving  of  this  curious  relic. 
We  believe  Mr.  fngram  was  the  first  to  read  the  doubtful 
contraction  lidem,  Lidensem,  contrary  to  the  received 
opinion  of  most  antiquaries  that  Lincoln  is  meant.  The 
foundation  stone  of  Wolsey's  College  at  Ipswich  was  laid  in 
the  year  1528  ;  but  according  to  Stubfos'sRegistrum  Sacrum 
Anglicanum,  p.  147,  John  Holt  was  not  appointed  Suffra- 
gan of  Lydda  until  1530.  Moreover,  as  Kirby  (Suffolk 
Traveller,  edit.  1764,  p.  48),  further  remarks :  "  John 
Longland,  Bishop  of  Lincoln,  did  certainly  lay  the  foun- 
dation stone  of  Wolsey's  College  at  Oxford,  and  preached 
a  sermon  from  Prov.  ix.  1.  That  stone  was  laid  20  March, 
1525.  As  the  stone  of  Wolsey's  College  at  Ipswich  was 
laid  a  little  more  than  three  years  after  that,  it  seems 
not  improbable,  that  the  same  person  might  be  employed 
on  a  like  occasion  at  Ipswich.  For  this  reason  (and 
because  the  word  could  not  mean  any  other  English 
bishop  in  that  year)  we  suppose  the  last  word  in  the  in- 
scription to  stand  for  Lincoln.  But  as  the  stone  would 
not  admit  of  more  letters,  that  word  consists  of  five  only, 
and  is  plainly  abbreviated  in  two  places ;  which  abbrevia- 
tions have  rendered  the  meaning  of  it  somewhat  doubt- 
ful." We  are  inclined  to  think  there  must  be  some  de- 
fect_m  this  part  of  the  inscription,  for  Dr.  Ingram  has 
lidem ;  whereas  Gough  (Camden's  Britannia,  ii.  85),  has 
Libem;  and  in  the  Beauties  of  England  and  Wales,  xiv. 
'J53,  it  is  spelt  Liuem.] 

EELS  AND  LAMPREYS.  —  Can  you  inform  me 
whether  the  Scotch  have  any  definite  reason  for 
their  antipathy  to  the  flesh  of  eels  ?  That  a  very 
prevalent  objection  to  these  fish  exists  amongst 
the  Scotch  is  undoubted.  A  friend  of  mine  knows 
a  lady  who  once  tasted  eel  inadvertently,  and 
thought  it  excellent ;  but  on  finding  out  what  it 
was  would  eat  no  more,  and  has  never  tasted  it 
since.  The  same  friend  also  tells  me  that  his 
countrymen  have  an  almost  equal  dislike  to  pike. 
Is  the  aversion  to  eel  owing  to  its  snake-like  form 
(the  reason  why  some  English  people  abstain  from 
eating  it),  or  to  the  popular  (erroneous)  belief 
that  this  fish  is  destitute  of  scales,  and  therefore 
forbidden  food  ? 

In  Dame  Juliana  Berner's  Treatyse  of  Fyssh- 
yns;e  wyth  an  Angle  (Book  of  St.  Alban's,  1496), 
the  following  sentence  occurs:  "In  Aprill  take 
the  same  baytes,  and  also  juneba,  othervryse  named 
vii  eyes."  What  is  the  derivation  ofjuneba  ? 

W.  H. 

[It  would  appear  from  Partington's  British  Cyclopaedia 
that  the  Scottish  objection  to  eels  as  an  article  of  food  is 
mainly  due  to  their  supposed  unwholesomeness.  "  In  the 
:iorthern  part  of  Britain,  in  Scotland  especially,  the  pre- 
judice of  the  people  runs  very  strong,  not  only  against 


the  form  of  the  eel,  but  against  the  quality  of  its  flesh  as 
an  article  of  food."  And  again,  "eels  are  held  in  small 
estimation  in  the  North,  and  even  discounting  their  ser- 
pent form,  they  are  regarded  as  far  from  wholesome." 
The  prejudice  against  eels  is  common  amongst  country 
people  elsewhere ;  but  even  in  Scotland  we  do  not  think 
it  is  universal.  We  have  never  heard  of  any  such  objec- 
tion, as  our  correspondent  mentions,  to  the  pike.  Preju- 
dices, however,  against  particular  articles  of  food  do 
sometimes  occur.  We  have  known  "  a  good  plain  cook  " 
who  would  send  up  a  roast  hare  admirably  done,  but 
whom  nothing  would  have  induced  to  touch  a  morsel  of 
it  herself. 

Concerning  Juneba  we  can  give  no  information.  But 
on  looking  into  the  reprint  of  the  Treatyse  of  Fysshynge 
by  Pickering,  1827,  we  there  find  the  word  is  Inneba, 
p.  25.  This  we  would  derive  from  the  Latin  inhibeo,  or 
the  Fr.  inhiber,  to  hinder  or  retard.  The  seven  eyes,  or 
lamprey,  has  the  faculty  of  adhering ;  and  hence  arose 
certain  old-world  and  mediaeval  superstitions,  especially 
affecting  the  salt-water  lamprey,  and  crediting  that  ani- 
mal with  the  power  of  arresting  ships  in  their  course — on 
which  account  the  passengers  on  one  occasion  caught  the 
lamprey  and  ate  it,  which  certainly  was  a  very  sensible 
remedy.  Thus,  just  as  another  fish,  for  a  similar  reason, 
was  called  remord,  we  may  suppose  the  lamprey  to  have 
been  called  inhiba,  whence  inniba.  So  ill-omened  birds, 
which  by  their  flight  deferred  an  undertaking  or  a  jour- 
ney, were  styled  inhibas  aves.  ] 

GTJIDO  FAWKES.  —  Ireland,  in  his  Confessions, 
quotes  Mr.  James  Caulfield  as  his  authority  for 
stating  that  the  real  name  of  Guy  Fawkes  was 
Guy  Johnson,  Fawkes  having  assumed  that  name 
when  he  entered  into  the  conspiracy.  Is  this  cor- 
rect? Knight,  in  his  Cyclopedia  (edition,  1837), 
states  that  he  was  "  a  gentleman  of  good  parent- 
age, and  respectable  family  in  Yorkshire.  His 
father,  Edward  Fawkes,  was  a  notary  at  York, 
and  held  the  office  of  registrar  and  advocate  of 
the  Consistory  Court  of  the  Cathedral."  Do  the 
records  at  York  show  this  ?  #. 

[In  the  "  Relation  of  the  Discovery  of  the  Gunpowder 
under  the  Parliament  House,"  printed  in  the  Archacologia, 
xii.  *202,  it  is  stated,  that  "  Upon  the  first  apprehension, 
the  wretch  gave  himself  the  name  of  John  Johnson, 
which  synce  he  hath  confessed  to  be  false,  and  his  true 
name  to  be  Guy  Fawkes,  a  gentleman  born  near  Spofforth 
in  Yorkshire."  The  researches  of  Mr.  Jardine  in  his 
Narrative  of  the  Gunpowder  Plot,  8vo,  1857,  p.  31,  settles 
the  point.  He  states  that  "  in  an  examination  dated  the 
7th  of  November,  1605,  in  which  he  for  the  first  time 
gives  his  real  name,  Fawkes  says  that  '  he  was  born  in 
the  city  of  York,  and  that  his  father's  name  was  Edward 
Fawkes,  a  gentleman,  a  younger  brother,  who  died  about 
thirty  years  before,  and  left  to  him  but  small  living, 
which  he  [spent.'  Now  it  appears  from  certain  proceed- 
ings in  the  Star  Chamber  in  1573,  the  record  of  which  is 
in  the  Chapter-house  at  Westminster,  that  an  Edward 
Fawkes,  a  notary,  was  at  that  time  living  at  York  in  a 
respectable  sphere  of  life,  and  in  the  register  of  burials  of 
St.  Olave's  in  Marygate  at  York  is  the  following  entry : 
'Mr.  Edward  Fawkes,  register  and  advocate  of  the  Con- 
sistory Court  of  the  cathedral  church  of  York,  about 
forty-six  years  of  age,  buried  in  the  cathedral  church 
January  17,  1578.'  Here  then  is  an  Edward  Fawkes 
whose  station  in  the  world  and  time  of  death  correspond 
pretty  exactly  with  the  statement  of  Fawkes  himself  in 
his  examination,  and  as  the  name  is  an  uncommon  one, 


250 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  IV.  SEPT.  26,  '63. 


the  above  facts  seem  almost  to  amount  to  a  demonstra- 
tion." The  parentage  of  the  conspirator  has  been  more 
fully  investigated  in  a  little  work  entitled  The  Fawkes's 
of  York  in  the  Sixteenth  Century,  12mo,  1850.] 

S.  GEORGE'S,  MIDDLESEX.  —  Searching  through 
an  old  pedigree  the  other  day,  I  found  several  bap- 
tisms stated  to  have  been  registered  at  S.  George's, 
Middlesex.  Is  this  S.  George's,  Hanover  Square  ; 
if  not,  which  S.  George's  is  it?  The  dates  re- 
ferred to  were  between  the  years  1708  and  1748, 
and  one  is  signed  by  C.  Rowland,  Register  of  S. 
George's,  Middlesex.  D.  S.  E. 

[St.  George's,  Middlesex,  according  to  Maitland  (Lon- 
don, p.  755,  edit.  1739)  is  now  known  as  St.  George's  in 
the  East,  near  Ratcliff  Highway,  and  is  one  of  Queen 
Anne's  fifty  new  churches.  We  are  at  a  los?,  however, 
to  account  for  the  register  commencing  so  early  as  1708,  as 
its  foundation  was  not  laid  until  1715,  and  the  church 
was  consecrated  by  Bishop  Gibson  on  July  19,  1729.] 

MlTRNATITION. 

"  Yet,  wo  is  me,  too,  too  long  banished  from  the  Chris- 
tian world  with  such  animosity  as  if  it  were  the  worst  of 
enemies,  and  meet  to  be  adjudged  to  a  perpetual  mitrna- 
tition."  —  Bishop  Hall's  Great  Mystery  of  Godliness,  Ep. 
Bed.  1659. 

I  cannot  find  this  word  in  any  dictionary  which 
I  have  been  able  to  consult.  I  should  be  glad  to 
have  its  meaning,  and  any  other  instances  of  its 
use.  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

[In  the  edition  of  1652  of  The  Great  Mystery  of  Godli- 
ness, published  four  years  before  the  death  of  Bishop  Hall, 
the  passage  reads  "and  meet  to  be  adjudged  to  a  per- 
petual extermination"  In  the  Bishop's  collected  works 
by  Pratt,  the  word  is  altered  to  "perpetual  migration."^ 

CHRISTENING  TONGS. — I  should  be  glad  if  any 
one  could  furnish  me  with  some  account  of  the 
use  and  origin  of  "  Christening  Tongs."  The 
pair  to  which  I  allude  are  of  the  same  size  as  an 
ordinary  pair  of  sugar-tongs,  but  evidently  in- 
tended in  shape  to  represent  a  Stork,  standing 
upright  upon  the  claws,  which  partly  form  the 
handle.  When  opened  for  the  purpose  of  grasping 
the  sugar,  the  body,  which  is  hollow,  discloses  the 
image  of  a  baby,  in  swaddling  clothes,  from  which 
they  take  their  name. 

Very  little  appears  to  be  known  regarding  their 
origin  ;  all  that  I  can  learn  being  that  it  was  cus- 
tomary some  time  since  to  give  a  pair  of  these  as 
a  present — to  whom  I  am  unable  to  say — at  the 
christening  of  an  infant.  H.  J.  R. 

[When,  much  to  the  surprise  and  delight  of  the  youn- 
ger members  of  a  family,  a  baby  makes  its  first  appear- 
ance in  the  household,  and  they  naturally  ask  "  where  it 
comes  from,"  the  usual  answer  among  ourselves  is,  "It 
comes  out  of  the  parsley  bed."  The  reply  in  some  of  the 
northern  countries  of  Europe'  is  that  "  The  stork  has 
brought  it."  The  old  Teutonic  notion  that  new-born 
babies  are  brought  by  storks,  is  pleasingly  taken  up  and 
wrought  into  a  little  tale  by  Hans  Christian  Andersen. 
See  Danish  Story  Book,  translated  by  C.  Boner,  1846,  and 
also"N.  &Q."3rdS.  iv.  70. 

The  origin  of  these  Christening  Tongs  bearing  the  form 
of  a  stork  and  containing  a  baby,  respecting  which  our 


correspondent  inquires,  is  doubtless  due  to  this  northern 
myth.  In  explanation  of  the  myth  itself  we  would  ven- 
ture to  submit  that  the  stork  was  a  bird  sacred  to  Juno, 
and  that  Juno  was  supposed  to  preside  over  childbirth. 
Hence  might  come  the  notion  that  the  stork  brought  the 
baby. 

The  question  raised  by  our  correspondent,  to  whom  the 
Christening  Gift  (or  "  Pathen-Geschenck  ")  was  given,  is 
connected  with  one  of  some  interest;  as  a  point  was  raised 
and  discussed  by  jurisconsults,  whether  the  gift  belonged 
to  the  infant  or  to  the  parents.  See  Zedler  on  "  Pathen- 
Geschenck."] 

HORSE-LOAVES. — What  is  the  meaning  of  horse- 
loaves  ?  "  Since  you  were  the  height  of  three 
horse-loaves"  means  "since  you  were  very  young," 
"so  high,"  as  we  say,  suiting  the  action  to  the 
word.  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

[Horse-loaves,  says  Halliwell,  a  kind  of  bread  formerly 
given  to  horses.  It  was  anciently  a  common  phrase  to 
say  that  a  diminutive  person  was  no  higher  than  three 
horse-loaves.  A  phrase  still  current  says,  such  a  one 
must  stand  on  three  penny  loaves  to  look  over  the  back  of 
a  goat,  or,  sometimes,  a  duck.] 

BASTARD  FAMILY. — In  a  foreign  heraldic  work 
I  find  it  stated  that  the  branch  of  this  family 
settled  at  Kitley,  in  Devonshire,  was  raised  to  the 
baronetage  in  1779,  but  has  never  assumed  the 
title.  Is  this  correct  ?  J.  WOODWARD. 

[William  Bastard,  Esq.  of  Kitley,  descended  from  a 
very  ancient  Devonshire  family,  having  during  the  war 
with 'France  rendered  essential  service  to  government  by 
conducting  from  Plymouth  to  Exeter  a  large  number  of 
French  prisoners  confined  in  the  arsenal  of  the  former 
place,  for  the  removal  of  whom  no  troops  could  be  spared 
from  the  garrison,  already  insufficient  for  the  defence  of 
the  place,  was  created  a  baronet  by  George  III.  The 
title  was  gazetted  in  1779,  but  has  never  been  adopted. 
Had  it  been  assumed  by  the  family,  Edmund  Pollexfen 
Bastard,  Esq.  of  Kitley,  in  Devon,  late  M.P.  for  that 
county,  would  be  the  baronet.  See  Burke's  Commoners, 
i.  17,  and  Burke's  Extinct  Baronetage,  p.  44,  ed.  1844.] 

HAFUHSFIRDI.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  say 
with  certainty  where  is  the  site  mentioned  in  this 
quotation,  and  what  is  its  modern  name  ?  "  Eptir 
orrostona  i  HAFURSFIRDI  feck  Haralldr  konungr 
enga  mdtstodo  i  Noregi "  ;  translated  thus :  — 
"  Post  prselium  in  Sinu  Hafurensi,  Haraldo  Regi 
obstitit  nemo  in  Norvegia ; "  and  being  the  first 
words  of  "  Antiquitates  Celto-Scandica?  ex  Snor- 
rone,  &c."  compiled  by  Johnstone.  "  Havnise,  typis 
August!  Friderici  Steinii.  MDCCLXXXVI." 

J.  TOMBS. 

[Laing,  in  his  translation  of  the  Heimskringla,  1844, 
vol.  i.  p.  287,  states  that  the  Hafursfiord,  Hafurdsfiord, 
or  Hafrsfiordr,  is  "  now  Hafsfiord,  north  of  Jederen  dis- 
trict."] 

"MEMORIAS  »E  LITTERATTJRA  PORTDGUEZA." 
Can  you  inform  me  how  many  volumes  have  been 
published  of  Memorias  de  Litteratura  Portugueza, 
emanating  from  the  Academia  Real  das  Sciencas 
de  Lisboa.  I  have  seven  vols.,  the  last  being 
issued  in  1806.  W.  M.  M. 

[In the  King's  Library  at  the  British  Museum  maybe 
found  eight  vols.  of  this  work,  4to,  1792-1814,] 


3**  S.  IV.  SEPT.  26,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


251 


BAAL  WORSHIP:  ST.  JOHN'S  EYE. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  168.) 

Lanigan,  Eccles.  Hist,  of  Ireland,  vol.  i.  seems 
justly  to  refer  the  prevalence  of  fire-worship 
among  the  ancient  Irish  to  the  connection  existing 
"  between  Ireland  and  remote  parts  of  the  East." 
The  festival  La  Baal  Tinne,  or  the  day  of  the 
great  Baal  fire,  that  of  Samhin,  and  others,  point 
to  a  marked  Phoenician  influence  on  the  "  Island  j 
of  Saints."  See  also  among  many  other  author!-  j 
ties,  Moore's  Hist,  of  Ireland,  chap.  ii.  This  ad-  ] 
mixture  of  the  Phoenician  element  marks  the  third 
stage  in  the  history  of  the  Druidic  religion.  Raised 
first  on  a  pure  patriarchal  basis,  it  lost  much  ^of 
that  purity  by  the  introduction  of  the  Arkite 
corruptions,  and  mingled  the  adoration  of  Hu 
and  Ked  with  that  of  the  only  God.  Finally,  it 
sank  still  lower  under  the  influence  of  the  Sabian 
idolatry,  until  at  length  its  original  features  could 
be  scarce  discerned., 

W.  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 


That  the  Ghebir  or  Baal-worship  prevailed  in 
the  pre-Christian  era  cannot  be  substantiated 
from  direct  historic  statements,  but  is  rather  to 
be  gathered  from  occasional  inferences,  which  are 
incidentally  strengthened  (as  relates  to  an  early 
connection  with  the  East)  by  the  circumstance  of 
the  primitive  and  independent  church  of  Ireland, 
previously  to  its  subjection  to  Rome,  having  ob- 
served the  festival  of  Easter  according  to  the 
chronology  of  the  oriental  communion. 

Forty  years  ago,  in  the  southwest  of  Ireland, 
I  remember  well  on  a  May  eve,  and  on  June  24 
(St.  John  the  Baptist's  Day),  when  the  sun  at- 
tains his  height  of  power,  watching  in  the  twilight 
for  the  first  gleam  upon  some  loftier  mountain 
which  was  speedily  answered  by  fires  all  around 
the  horizon ;  and,  if  the  nights  happened  to  be 
moonless  or  clouded,  one  might  discern  at  several 
miles  distance  men  and  cattle  in  dark  relief  against 
the  light ;  the  former  with  torches  of  bogwood,  or 
lighted  wisps,  driving  the  cattle  madly,  and  leap- 
ing after  them  through  the  flame.  But  this  cus- 
tom was  observed  under  the  superstitious  notion 
of  invocating  saintly  protection  for  their  cattle, 
so  that  they  should  become  prolific,  and  free  from 
disease  throughout  the  season  ;  and  I  never  could 
catch  the  least  glimpse  of  tradition  of  an  ancient 
fire-worship,  though  the  vernacular  terms  are  so 
curiously  significant  :  May  Eve,  run  na  beal-tina, 
Eve  of  Baal's  Fire ;  May  Day,  la  na  beal-tina, 
Day  of  Baal's  Fire ;  Month  of  May,  mi  na  beal- 
tina,  Month  of  Baal's  Fire.  J.  L. 

Dublin. 


The  Spanish  customs  on  this  night  seem  to  be 
very  different  from  those  which  appear  still  to 
exist  in  Ireland. 

"  Saint  John's  Eve,"  says  the  Spanish  proverb, 
"  sets  every  one  a  gadding."  Accordingly,  the 
public  walks  are  crowded  after  sunset  by  parties, 
each  assuming  such  a  character  as  they  consider 
themselves  most  able  to  support.  One  pretends 
to  be  a  farmer,  just  arrived  from  the  country ; 
another  a  poor  mechanic ;  this  a  foreigner  speaking 
broken  Spanish,  and  that  a  Gallego  trying  to  make 
himself  understood  in  the  difficult  dialect  of  his 
province.  The  gentlemen  must  come  provided 
with  a  good  stock  of  sweets  (didces),  which  are 
called  papelillos  from  the  circumstance  of  being 
each  folded  separately  in  a  small  piece  of  paper. 

Persons  inside  the  houses  disguise  themselves 
also,  and  speak  to  the  gentlemen  behind  the  lattice- 
work of  the  windows.  A  great  deal  of  small-talk 
and  wit  is  carried  on  by  both  parties.  The  senoras 
and  the  senoritas  inside  appear  to  enjoy  the  inno- 
cent mirth  immensely.  The  strictest  decorum  is 
observed,  as  far  as  one  can  judge.  I  have  heard 
that  the  custom  is  very  ancient,  but  what  is  its 
origin  I  am  unable  to  say. 

Another  custom  exists  among  the  populace  of 
Madrid,  on  St.  John's  Eve.  Numbers  are  to  be 
seen  on  this  night  in  the  fields  gathering  vervain. 
This  is  called  eager  la  verbena,  an  appellation 
evidently  derived  from  some  ancient  superstition, 
which  attributed  supernatural  powers  to  this  plant 
when  gathered  at  twelve  o'clock  on  St.  John's 
Eve.  (See  Doblado's  Letters  from  Spain,  p.  311, 
ed.  London,  1822.)  J.  D ALTON. 

I  know  that  bonfires  were  universal  in  Ireland, 
at  least  a  few  years  ago,  and  used  to  be  attended  by 
every  class  of  persons  in  the  locality  where  the  fire 
was  lighted,  and  that  used  to  be  generally  (in  rural 
districts)  at  some  cross  road  or  other  conspicuous 
place.  Throwing  brands  from  the  fire  into  corn- 
fields was  common,  and  was  practised  by  persons  of 
all  religious  denominations.  It  was  supposed  this 
prevented  blight  or  mildew  to  the  crop.  In  process 
of  time  (like  the  festivals  called  "  Patterns  ")  abuse 
crept  in  at  bonfires,  such  as  drinking  and  its  at- 
tendant vices  ;  and  then  the  Catholic  clergy  pro- 
hibited their  flock  from  attendance  at  such  gather- 
ings, which  have  nearly  fallen  off"  altogether.  In 
the  year  1851  I  saw  an  immense  bonfire  in  the 
city  of  Limerick.  There  were  thousands  col- 
lected about  it,  and  pipers  and  fiddlers  were 
plenty,  and  dancing  was  kept  up  all  night.  These 
fires  on  St.  John's  Eve  are  of  great  antiquity  in 
Ireland,  and  if  thoroughly  investigated,  no  doubt 
would  be  found  to  have  some  connection  with  the 
Round  Towers  and  fire-worship,  introduced  from 
Persia  at  an  early  period  into  Ireland. 

S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 


252 


"J  S.  IV.  SEPT.  26,  '63. 


In  your  number  of  Aug.  29,  occurs  a  notice  of 
the  fact  that,  not  many  weeks  ago,  certain  persons 
in  Ireland  were  imprisoned  for  taking  part  in  an 
unlawful  assembly.  And  it  appears  that  the  su- 
perstition, which  prompted  the  ^'unlawful"  act,  is 
so  ancient  as  to  perplex  antiquaries  as  to  its 
origin  and  duration. 

Will  you  give  me  leave  to  inquire  on  a  matter 
which,  I  acknowledge,  is  to  me  a  greater  curiosity 
still?  I  mean,  the  origin  and  date  of  the  law 
under  which  these  poor  people  were  convicted. 
Superstition  is,  indeed,  a  great  evil ;  but  the 
notion  of  expelling  it  by  penal  laws  is  itself  the 
worst  superstition  with  which  mankind  were  ever 
afflicted.  When  educated  Englishmen  can  be 
brought  together  to  hear  spirits  "  rap,"  or  to  peer 
into  magic  crystal  ballsv  surely  there  is  no  justice, 
and  as  little  reason,  in  persecuting  those  who  have 
so  much  more  excuse  for  their  folly.  But,  per- 
haps, the  law  was  only  directed  against  the  riotous 
tendencies  which,  it  is  far  from  improbable,  would 
become  mingled  with  this  traditionary  custom. 
This  is  a  point  on  which  I  should  much  like  to  be 
informed.  FRANCIS  J.  MOORE. 


SERJEANTS-AT-LAW.  ' 
(3rd  S.  iv.  180.) 

Although  I  am  not  able  to  give  a  complete  list 
of  the  Serjeants,  I  send  such  as  I  have,  with  mot- 
toes and  dates.  It  may,  nevertheless,  be  interest- 
ing to  A.  I  regret  being  unable  this  week,  from 
pressure  of  engagements,  to  give  the  dates  of  pro- 
motions and  deaths  of  some  of  them. 

George  Bond,  Esq.  Motto,  "Hsereditas  a  legibus." 
Easter  Term,  1786. 

John  Wilson,  Esq.,  on  his  being  made  one  of  the  Jus- 
tices of  Common  Pleas.  Michaelmas  Term,  1786.  "  Se- 
cundis  laboribus."  Died  in  Trinity  Vacation,  1793. 

Sir  Alexander  Thomson,  Knt.,  on  being  appointed  one 
of  the  Barons  of  the  Exchequer,  Hilary  Term,  1787; 
Simon  le  Blanc,  Esq.,  Hilary  Term,  1787 ;  and  Soulden 
Laurence,  Esq.,  Hilary  Term,  1787 :  "  Reverentia  legum." 

William  Cockell,  Esq.  "  Stat  lege  corona."  Easter 
Term,  1787. 

C.  Runnington,  Esq. ;  S.  Marshall,  Esq. ;  and  J.  Wat- 
son, Esq.  "  Paribus  se  legibus."  Michaelmas  Term,  1787. 

Lloyd,  Lord  Kenyon,  on  his  being  appointed  Chief 
Justice  of  King's  Bench,  Trinity  Term,  1788 ;  and  Ralph 
Clayton,  Esq. :  "  Quid  leges  sine  moribus?  " 

J.  W.  Rose,  Esq.,  chosen  Recorder  of  London.  "  Vitium 
lege  regi."  Michaelmas  Term,  1789. 

S.  Heywood,  Esq.,  and  J.  Williams,  Esq.  "Legum 
servi  ut  liberi."  Trinity  Term,  1794. 

A.  Palmer,  Esq.    "  Evaganti  fraana  licentise."    Hilary 
Term,  1796. 

S.  Shepherd,  Esq.  "  Legibus  emendes."  Easter  Term, 
1796. 

B.  J.   Sellon,  Esq.    "  Respice  quid  moneant  leges." 
Easter  Term,  1798. 

J.  Vaughan,  Esq.  "Paribus  se  legibus  ambse."  Hilary 
Term,  1799. 

J.  Lens,  Esq.,  and  J.  Bayley,  Esq.  "  Libertas  sub  rege 
pio."  Trinity  Term,  1799. 


Sir  J.  Scott,  Knt.,  created  Baron  Eldon  on  his  being 
appointed  Chief  Justice  of  Common  Pleas.  Trinity  Vaca- 
tion, 1799.  "Rege incolumi  mens  omnibus  una." 

Sir  Alan  Chambre,  Knt.,  on  being  appointed  a  Baron 
of  the  Exchequer.  Trinity  Vacation,  1799.  "Majorum 
instituta  tueri." 

W.  D.  Best,  Esq.  "Libertas  in  legibus."  Hilary 
Term,  1800. 

Robert  Graham,  Esq.,  on  being  appointed  a  Baron  of 
the  Exchequer,  and  Arthur  Onslow,  Esq.  Trinity  Terms, 
1800.  "  Et  placitum  Issti  componite  fcedus."  | 

W.  M.  Praed,  Esq.  "Fcederis  aequas  dicamus  leges." 
Hilary  Term,  1801. 

Sir  Edward  Law,  Knt.,  created  Baron  Ellenborough  on 
being  appointed  Chief  Justice  of  King's  Bench.  Hilary 
Vacation,  1802.  "  Positis  mitescunt  sccula  bellis." 

Sir  J.  Mansfield,  Knt.,  on  being  appointed  Chief  Jus- 
tice of  Common  Pleas.  Easter  Term,  1804.  "  Serus  in 
ccelum  redeas." 

Sir  T.  M.  Sutton,  Knt.,  on  being  appointed  a  Baron  of 
the  Exchequer.  Easter  Term,  1804.  "Hie  ames  dici 
pater  atque  princeps." 

Sir  George  Wood,  Knt.,  on  being  appointed  a  Baron  of 
the  Exchequer.  Easter  Term,  1807.  "Moribus  ornes, 
legibus  emendes." 

William  Manley,  Esq. ;  Albert  Pell,  Esq. ;  and  William 
Rough,  Esq.  "  Pro  rege  et  lege."  Easter  Term,  1808. 

Robert  Henry  Peckwell,  Esq.,  and  William  Frere,  Esq. 
"  Traditum  ab  "antiquis  servare."  Easter  Term,  1809. 

Sir  Vicary  Gibbs,  Knt.,  on  being  appointed  one  of  the 
Justices  of  Common  Pleas.  Trinity  Term,  1812.  "  Leges 
juraque." 

Henry  Dampier,  Esq.,  on  being  appointed  one  of  the 
Justices"  of  King's  Bench,  trinity  Term,  1813.  "Con- 
sulta  patrum." 

John  Singleton  Coplej-,  Esq.  "  Studiis  vigilare  severis." 
Trinity  Term,  1813. 

Sir  Robert  Dallas,  Knt.,  on  being  appointed  one  of  the 
Justices  of  the  Common  Pleas.  Michaelmas  Term,  1813. 
"  Mos  et  lex." 

Richard  Richards,  Esq.,  on  being  appointed  a  Baron  of 
the  Exchequer.  Hilary  Vacation,  1814.  "  Lex  est  ratio 
summa." 

John  Bernard  Bosanquet,  Esq.  "  Antiquam  exquirite 
matrem."  Michaelmas  Term,  1814. 

James  Alan  Park,  Esq.,  on  being  appointed  one  of  the 
Justices  of  Common  Pleas.  Hilary  Term,  1816.  "  Qui 
leges  juraque  servat." 

Charles  Abbott,  Esq.,  on  being  appointed  one  of  the 
Justices  of  Common  Pleas.  Hilary  Term,  1816.  "La- 
bore." 

George  Sowley  Holroyd,  Esq.,  on  being  appointed  one 
of  the  Justices  of  King's  Bench.  Hilary  Vacation,  1816. 
"  Componere  legibus  orbem." 

James  Burrough,  Esq.,  on  being  appointed  one  of  the 
Justices  of  Common  Pleas.  Easter  Term,  1816.  "  Legibus 
emendes." 

John  Hullock,  Esq.  "  Auspicium  melioris  ajvi."  Tri- 
nity Term,  1816. 

William  Firth,  Esq.  "  Ung  roy,  ung  loy,  ting  foy." 
Hilary  Term,  1817. 

Sir"  William  Garrow,  Knt.,  on  being  appointed  a  Baron 
of  the  Exchequer.  Easter  Term,  1817.  "  Fas  et  jura." 

William  Taddy,  Esq.  "  Mos  et  lex."  Trinity  Term, 
1818. 

John  Richardson,  Esq.,  on  being  appointed  one  of  the 
Justices  of  Common  Pleas.  Michaelmas  Vacation,  1818. 
"  More  majorum." 

Vitruvius  Lawes,  Esq. ;  John  Cross,  Esq. ;  and  John 
D'Oyley,  Esq.  "  Pro  rege  et  lege."  Hilary  Term,  1819. 

Thomas  Peake,  Esq.  "  yEqua  lege."  Hilary  Term,  18"20. 

E. 


3«i  S,  IV.  SEPT.  26,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


253 


INCOMES  OF  PEERS. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  107.) 

I  send  a  copy  of  a  MS.  at  Stanford  Court 
relating  to  the  Incomes  of  Peers  in  the  seven- 
teenth century. 

The  Surnames,  Titles,  and  Times  of  Creation  of  all  the 
Nobilitie  of  England,  together  with  their  yearly  Revenues 
thispresent  Year  1622. 

Marquisses. 

Pawlett,  Winchester,  5  Edw.  VI.,  65007. 
Villiers,  Buckingham,  13  Jacobi,  12,0007. 

Earls. 

Howard,  Arundell  and  Surrey,  1  Henry  II.,  7000/. 
Vere,  Oxford,  5  Henry  II.,  20007. 
Percy,  Northumberland,  1  Ric.  II.,  20,000/. 
Talbott,  Shrewsbury,  10  Hen.  VI.,  20007. 
Gray  (  ?),  Kent,  5  Ed.  IV.,  20007. 
Stanley,  Derbie,  1  Hen.  VII.,  80007. 
Somerset,  Worcester,  5  Hen.  VIII.,  70007. 
Manners,  Rutland,  17  Hen.  VIII.,  12,000/. 
Clifford,  Cumberland,  17  Hen.  VIII.,  4,5007. 
Ratcliffe,  Sussex,  21  Hen.  VII.,  30007. 
Hastings,  Huntington,  21  Hen.  VIII.,  30007. 
Bourchier,  Bath,  28  Hen.  VIII.,  30007. 
Wriotesley,  Southampton,  1  Edw.  VI.,  10007. 
Russell,  Bedford,  3  Edw.  VI.,  50007. 
Harbert,  Pembroke,  5  Edw.  VI.,  18,0007. 
Seymour,  Hertford,  1  Eliz.,  12,0007. 
Devereux,  Essex,  14  Eliz.,  40007. 
Clinton  Fienes,  Lincoln,  14  Eliz.,  40007. 
Howard,  Nottingham,  39  Eliz.,  30007. 
Howard,  Suffolk,  1  Jac.,  60007. 
Sackville,  Dorsett,  1  Jac.,  14,0007. 
Cecil,  Salisbury,  3  Jac.,  12,0007. 
Cecil,  Exeter,  3  Jac.,  12,0007. 
Herbert,  Montgomery,  3  Jac.,- 30007. 
Stewart,  Richmond,  il  Jac.,  60007. 
Car,  Somerset,  11  Jac.,  30007. 
Edgerton,  Bridgewater,  15  Jac.,  14,0007. 
Sidney,  Leicester,  16  Jac.,  40007. 
'  Compton,  Northampton,  16  Jac.,  80007. 
Cavendish,  Devonshire,  16  Jac.,  20,0007. 
Hamilton,  Cambridge,  17  Jac.,  40007. 
Stewart,  March,  17  Jac.,  30007. 
Ramsey,  Houlderness,  18  Jac.,  2007. 

Viscounts. 

Browne,  Montague,  1  Marie,  12,0007. 
Kuowles,  Wallingford,  14  Jac.,  30007. 
Hayes  (  ?)  Doncaster,  16  Jac. 
Villiers,  Pembroke,  17  Jac.,  30007. 
Cavendish,  Mansfield,  18  Jac.,  10,0007. 
Mountague,  Mandeville,  18  Jac.,  60007. 
Ffielding,  Newnham,  18  Jac.,  20007. 
Bacon,  St.  Albans,  19  Jac.,  20007. 
Darcy,  Colchester,  19  Jac.,  70007. 
Carey,  Rochford,  19  Jac.  30007. 
Howard,  Andov'er,  19  Jac.,  30007. 

Barons. 

Ffane,  Le  Despencer,  1  Hen.  III.,  70007. 
Nevill,  Abergavenny,  20  Ric.  II.,  20007. 
Touchet,  Audley,  5  Hen.  VIII.,  40007. 
Zouch,  Zouch,  17  Ed.  I.,  20007. 
Barley,  Willoughby  of  Earsby,  17  Edw.  I.,  30007. 
West,"  Delawarr,  27  Ed.  I.,  15007. 
Barkley,  Barkley,  23  Ed.  I.,  40007. 
Parker,  Morley,  28  Ed.  I.,  40007. 
Dacre,  Dacre  of  the  South,  16  Ed.  IL,  20007. 


Stafford,  Stafford,  with  the  Conqueror,  15007. 

Scroope,  Scroope,  8  Ed.  II,  50007. 

Sutton,  Dudley,  20  Hen.  VI.,  20007. 

Stourton,  Stourton,  27  Hen.  VI.,  20007. 

Somerset,  Herbert  of  Chepstow,  1  Ed.  IV.,  30007. 

Ogle,  Ogle,  2  Ed.  IV-,  15007. 

Sandes,  Sandes,  14  Hen.  VIIL,  20007. 

Vaux,  Vaux,  21  Hen.  VIIL,  30007. 

Windsor,  Windsor,  21  Hen.  VIIL,  20007. 

Wentworth,  Wentworth,  21  Hen.  VIIL,  30007. 

Mordaunt,  Mordaunt,  24  Hen.  VIIL,  35007. 

Cromwell,  Cromwell,  28  Hen.  VIIL,  20007. 

Evers,  Evers,  33  Hen.  VIIL,  30007. 

Wharton,  Wharton,  35  Hen.  VIIL,  20007. 

WiJloughbie,  Willoughby  of  Parham,  1  Ed.  VI.,  20007. 

Sheffield,  Sheffield,  1  Ed.  VI.,  15007. 

Pagett,  Pagett,  5  Ed.  VI.,  40007. 

Darcy,  Darcy  of  the  North,  30007. 
North,  North,  1  Mary,  20007. 
Bridges,  Chandoisse,  1  Mary,  30007. 

St.  John,  St.  John  of  Bletsoe,  1  Eliz.,  20007. 

Wotton,  Wotton,  I  Jac.,  40007. 

Russell,  Russell,  1  Jac.,  30007. 

Gray,  Gray  of  Groby,  1  Jac.,  30007. 

Peter,  Peter,  1  Jac.,"  70007. 

Danvers,  Danvers,  1  Jac.,  40007. 

Gerrard,  Gerrard,  1  Jac.,  30007. 

Spencer,  Spencer,  1  Jac.,  50007. 

Ffienes,  Say,  1  Jac.,  20007. 

Denny,  Denny,  2  Jac.,  30007. 

Stanhope,  Stanhope  of  Harrington,  3  Jac.,  3000/. 

Karew,  Karew,  3  Jac.,  30007. 

Arundell,  Arundell,  3  Jac.,  80007. 

Knivet,  Knivet,  5  Jac.,  20007. 

Dormer,  Dormer,  13  Jac.,  40007. 

Roper,  Teynham,  13  Jac.,  50007. 

Holies,  Houghton,  14  Jac.,  30007. 

Stanhope,  Stanhope  de  Sheff,  14  Jac.,  60007. 

Nowell,  Nowell,  16  Jac.,  40007. 

Digbie,  Digbie,  16  Jac.,  30007. 

Mountague,  Mountague,  18  Jac.,  3000/. 

Grevil,  Brooke,  18  Jac.,  50007. 

Cranfield,  Cranfield,  16  Jac.,  50007. 

THOMAS  E.  WINNINGTON. 


PRICES  OF  OLD  BOOKS. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  25.) 

Your  correspondent  H.  COTTON  has  related  a 
urious  instance  of  the  revulsion  of  public  feeling 
as  to  the  value  of  old  books,  from  the  boiling  to 
the  freezing  point,  in  his  contrast  of  the  prices 
given  at  the  Duke  of  Roxburghe's  sale  in  1812 — 
when  a  single  volume  brought  the  sum  of  2270J. — 
with  those  of  a  recent  auction  in  the  county  of 
Tipperary ;  where  the  contents  of  a  library 
'between  six  and  seven  hundred  weight)  were 
cnocked  down  at  one  halfpenny  per  pound.  Nor 
were  the  books  merely  waste  paper;  for  among 
;hem  were  works  of  Bacon,  Hammond,  Ussher, 
Tillotson,  with  many  more  modern  authors  of 
good  note. 

But,  though  the  difference  is  striking,  it  is  most 
irobable  that  the  two  cases  were  quite  dissimilar ; 
and  that,  in  fact,  the  contents  of  the  two  libraries 


254 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  26,  '63. 


bore  no  resemblance  to  each  other  either  exter- 
nally or  internally.  All  book  collectors  know  that 
the  former  sale  was  of  a  character  which  attracted 
purchasers  from  every  quarter ;  but  the  latter 
held  out  no  tempting  baits  to  rich  amateurs.  It 
contained  no  literary  koh-i-noor,  for  all  to. gaze 
at ;  none  of  the  incunabula  artis  typographic^ ; 
no  curious  block-books  ;  no  broad-margined  spe- 
cimens from  the  presses  of  Gutenberg  or  Fust — 
of  Sweynhym  and  Pannartz — of  Jansen,  Valdur- 
fer,  or  Caxton.  The  leaves  of  its  volumes  were 
not  "  crisp  and  crackling,"  but  well-thumbed 
and  tender.  Their  outward  coverings  were  very 
homely.  There  was  none  of  the  rich  gold  lace  of 
the  Harleian  binders :  the  chaste  plain  red  mo- 
rocco of  old  Roger  Payne;  or  the  lighter,  yet 
tasteful  greens  and  olives  of  Charles  Lewis.  The 
books  themselves  were  good  books,  but  that 
was  all. 

But,  Mr.  Editor,  is  not  such  a  sale  most  de- 
pressing to  gentlemen  authors,  whose  shelves  hap- 
pen to  be  inconveniently  loaded  with  unsold 
copies  of  their  own  productions  ?  I  do  not  con- 
sider myself  a  better  writer  than  Bacon,  Tillot- 
son,  or  Ussher  ;  yet  I  had  always  hoped,  that  my 
executors  would  receive  at  least  threepence  per 
pound  for  my  lucubrations  from  any  respectable 
grocer  or  cheesemonger. 

But,  to  sink  to  a  single  halfpenny — the  paltry 
amount  of  Falstaff's  bill  for  "bread," — Charon's 
fee  for  ferrying  a  ghost  across  the  Styx !  —  the 
price  of  a  ration  of  cat's-meat! — Bah!  As  the 
Emperor  Louis  Napoleon  said  of  Kinglake's 
bitter  book  on  the  Crimean  war  :  "  C'est  ignoble ! " 
Well,  I  am  only  sorry  for  my  legatees.  I'll  write 
no  more  books.  SCBIBLEBUS  MINOR. 


MAXIMS  :  NEWBERY  :  GOLDSMITH  (3rd  S.  iv. 
229.)  —  The  Index  to  Mankind,  referred  to  by 
your  correspondent  J.  M.,  forms  a  part  of  the 
third  volume  of  The  Midwife,  or  Old  Woman's 
Magazine.  The  title-page  states  — 

"  To  which  is  added, '  An  Index  to  Mankind,'  which  com- 
pletes her  works  in  English :  — 

'  Cedite  Romani  Scriptores,  cedite  Graii.' 

'  Read  Midnight  once,  and  you  can  read  no  more, 

For  all  books  else  will  seem  so  mean,  so  poor ! 

Verse  will  seem  prose — but  still  persist  to  read, 

And  Midnight  will  be  all  the  books  you  need. 

'  BUCKINGHAM.' 

London :  Printed  for  Thomas  Carnan,  at  J.  Newbery's, 
the  Bible  and  Sun,  in  St.  Paul's  Churchyard.  1753." 
12mo. 

The  Magazine  takes  up  154  pages.  Then  fol- 
lows, with  the  title-page  given  by  J.  M.,  and  the 
date  1751,  the  "Index  to  Mankind."  From  the 
date,  of  course,  Goldsmith's  having  any  share  in 
it  is  out  of  the  question  ;  as,  in  1751,  he  was  still 
in  Ireland.  As  regards  the  collection  itself,  I 


should  much  doubt  whether  any  of  the  maxims  in 
it  appeared  for  the  first  time  in  this  work ;  so 
large  a  proportion  of  them  being  easily  traceable 
to  previous  writers  and  collections.  Indeed,  the 
preface  states :  — 

"  What  is  here  offered  to  the  Reader  is  more  what  I 
have  digested  than  what  I  myself  have  wrote;  and, 
therefore,  I  may  without  vanity  or  partiality  com- 
mend it." 

The  Old  Woman's  Magazine  —  an  amusing  and 
now  scarce  periodical  —  did  not  extend  beyond 
the  third  volume.  Its  editor  was  the  unfortunate 
Christopher  Smart ;  and  he  and  Newbery  were 
almost  the  sole  writers  in  it.  The  probability  is, 
that  the  "Index  to  Mankind"  was  collected  by 
the  latter,  who  was  fully  equal  to  such  a  per- 
formance without  calling  in  any  higher  power. 

JAS.  CROSSLEY. 

ISABEL  OP  GLOUCESTER  (3rd  S.  iv.  1 87.) — Your 
learned  correspondent  HERMENTRUDE  inquires 
concerning  "Xanton"  and  "Scone,"  the  bishops 
of  which  are  found  mentioned — one  by  Speed, 
and  the  other  by  Stow — in  connection  with  the 
Archbishop  of  Bordeaux  and  the  Bishop  of 
Poitiers. 

1.  Xanton.     The  part  of  France  subsequently 
known  by  the  name  of  La  Saintonge,  was  once  in- 
habited by  the  Santones  or  Xantones :  its  prin- 
cipal town,  Saintes  or  Xaintes,  formerly  Medio- 
lanum   Santonum,    or  Urbs   Santonica.      It  was 
from  early  times  a  bishopric;  and  was  subject  to 
the  archiepiscopal  see   of  Bordeaux.      This  may 
account  for  our  finding  the  archbishop  and  the 
bishop  associated  in  the  matter  of  King  John. 
The  spellings  Xaincts  and  Xaintoing  may  be  seen 
in  Speed  (ed.  1632,   p.  603,)  both  in  text  and 
margin ;  also  in  the  "  Table"  at  the  end,  under  the 
letter  X. 

2.  In  regard  to  Scone  there  is  more  difficulty. 
Scone,  in    Scotland,   though  famous  in   history, 
does  not  appear  to  have  ever  been  the  seat  of  a 
bishopric,  any  more  than  Escon,  or  Escouen— two 
small  places  in  France  mentioned  by  Expilly, 
though  not  by  Valesius.    Can  Stow's  "  Scone  "  be 
Carcassone,  which  was  a  bishopric  ?     Or  may  it 
not  be  a  corrupt  spelling  of  Xanton?     On  this 
last  supposition  the    same   three  prelates  who, 
according  to  Speed,  united  in  the  sentence   of 
divorce,  were  also  associated,  according  to  Stow, 
in  dissolving  the  marriage. 

SCHIN. 

The  Bishoprick  of  Xanton  is  that  of  Saintes, 
called  Santonus  in  Latin,  and  frequently  Xaintes 
in  French.  It  was  the  capital  of  Saintonge,  or 
Xaynton,  as  Froissart  spells  it.  (Cap.  xxii.) 

Roger  de  Hoveden  mentions  the  divorce  of 
Hawise,  with  the  names  of  the  officiating  prelates ; 
and  it  appears  from  his  account  that  John's  mar- 


3**  S.  IV.  SEPT.  26,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


255 


riage  to  Isabella  of  Angouleme  (which  took  place 
Aug.  24,  1200),  was  immediately  after  his  divorce 
(see  vol.  ii.  p.  483).  It  was  this  marriage  that 
the  King  of  France  advised.  See  above,  and  R. 
de  Wendover,  ii.  188.  S.  P.  V. 

PARODY  ON  "HOHENLINDEN"  (3rd  S.  iv.209.)— 
Your  readers  may  be  amused  at  reading  another 
and  most  excellent  parody  on  this  ode.  It  is 
from  an  unpublished  jeu. d1  esprit,  called  "Horace 
at  Athens,"  by  a  distinguished  Cantab,  Mr.  Tre- 
velyan,  now  in  India  with  his  father  Sir  Charles. 
It  is  on  the  battle  of  Bull's  Run  :  — 

"  At  Bull's  Run  when  the  sun  was  low, 
Each  Southern  face  was  pale  as  snow ; 
And  loud  as  jackdaws  rose  the  crow, 
Of  Yankees  boasting  rabidly. 

"  But  Bull's  Run  saw  another  sight, 
When  in  the  deep'ning  shades  of  night, 
Tow'rds  Fairfax  Courthouse  rose  the  flight. 
Of  Yankees  running  rapidly. 

"  Then  broke  each  corps  with  terror  riv'n, 
Then  rush'd  the  steed  from  battle  driv'n, 
The  men  of  Battery  Number  Seven 
Forsook  their  red  artillery. 

"  Still  on  Mac  Dowall's  furthest  left, 
The  roar  of  cannon  strikes  one  deaf, 
Where  furious  Abe  and  fiery  Jeff, 
Contend  for  death  or  victory. 

"  The  panic  thickens.    Off,  ye  brave ! 
Throw  down  your  arms !  your  bacon  save ! 
Waive,  Washington,  all  scruples  waive, 
And  fly  with  all  your  chivalry !  " 

LYTTELTON. 

RALEGH  ARMS  AND  SUPPORTERS  (3rd  S.  iv.  33.) 
In  defence  of  my  assertion  that  Sir  Walter  Ra- 
legh used  supporters  "  by  virtue  of  his  office  as 
Lord  Warden  of  the  Stanneries,"  I  may  quote 
the  observations  contained  in  the  MSS.  of  Wing- 
field,  York  Herald,  now  in  the  Heralds'  College, 
and  printed  in  Dallaway's  Inquiry,  $-c.,  and  in 
Montagu's  Guide  to  the  Study  of  Heraldry,  pp.  71, 
72:  — 

"  Anciently  there  was  noe  written  precedent  for  ordering 
the  bearing  of  supporters,  nor  for  limiting  them  to  the 

major  nobilitie The  moderne  use  of  them  is  now 

chiefly  in  the  greater  nobilitj',  and  knights  of  the  garter, 
or  persons  that  were  of  the  privy  council,  or  had  some 
command  whereby  they  had  the  title  of  lord  prefixed  to 
their  style,  as  Lord  Deputy  of  Ireland,  Lord  Warden  of 
the  Cinque-Ports,  Lord  President,  Counsellors  of  the 
North  or  Marches  of  Wales,  or  Lord  Warden  of  the  Stan- 
nerie.s. 

"  That  the  peers  of  the  realm  did  and  might  bear  them, 
is  not  the  question.  That  others  under  the  degree  of 
peers  in  parliament  did  bear  them,  and  by  what  reason  or 
right,  and  how  the  precedent  of  their  ancestors  bearing 
supporters  may  justify  the  use  of  them  in  lineal  heirs,  is 
the  question.  It  is  confessed  there  is  little  or  nothing  in 
precedent  to  direct  the  use  of  supporters,"  &c.  &c. 

One  of  the  instances  quoted  by  Wingfield  is 
the  very  one  which  MR.  MACLEAN  disputes,  — 


"  Sir    Walter  Raleigh,   as   Lord  Warden   of  the 
Stanneries." 

I  cannot  at  all  agree  with  MR.  MACLEAN  in 
assuming  that  if  the  office  in  question  entitled  its 
holder  to  the  dignity  of  supporters,  a  person  ap- 
pointed to  the  office  could  not  use  them  without 
the  authority  of  the  Heralds'  College.  The  Lut- 
terells,  Pastons,  Carews,  Hintons,  and  others, 
below  the  rank  of  the  peerage,  who  use  supporters, 
require  no  warrant  whatever  from  the  Heralds' 
College  to  justify  them  in  the  continuance  of  their 
hereditary  distinctions  ;  nor  does  the  Lord  Chan- 
cellor need  a  grant  from  the  College  of  Arms  to 
justify  him  in  placing  behind  his  shield  the  maces 
which  are  the  ensigns  of  his  official  dignity. 

JOHN  WOODWARD. 
New  Shoreham. 

"  MAY  MAIDS  "  (3rd  S.  iv.  229.)— MR.  REDMOND 
is  probably  aware  that  a  May  Queen  is  the  subject 
of  the  most  popular  of  all  the  Poet  Laureate's 
poems.  Mr.  Tennyson  might  give  information  on 
the  question,  if  applied  to.  LYTTELTON. 

GREEK  PHRASE  (3rd  S.  iv.  240.)  —  SCHIN'S  con- 
jecture does  not  seem  to  me  very  probable.  It 
assumes  either  that  the  substantive  funda  is  ety- 
mological^ connected  with  the  verb  fundo  and 
effundo,  or  at  least  that  effundo  is  used  of  a  sling. 
The  first  of  these  is  by  no  means  certain.  Voss 
derives  funda  from  atyevUmi,  and  fundo  from  -xfow. 
As  to  the  latter,  no  doubt  sling  might  be  well  ex- 
pressed byfundere  oreffundere;  it  does  not  appear 
that  it  ever  is  so.  The  only  verb  connected 
plainly  with  funda  is  fundito,  in  Plautus,  applied 
to  the  person  aimed  at.  All  the  above  notes  are 
from  Scheller's  Lexicon. 

I  understand  that  SCHIN  has  ascertained  that 
the  phrase  in  question  is  not  in  Plutarch. 

LYTTELTON. 

SIR  INGRAM  HOPTON  (3rd  S.  iv.  127.)— He 
was  only  son  of  Ralph  Hopton,  Esq.,  of  Armley 
in  Leeds,  by  his  first  wife  Mary,  daughter  of 
Roger  Nowel,  Esq.  He  was  born  at  Armley,  and 
baptised  Feb.  23, 1614-15,  on  which  day  his  mother 
died. 

After  being  for  four  years  at  Wakefield  school 
under  Mr.  Doughty,  he  was,  on  May  12,  1631, 
admitted  a  scholar  of  St.  John's  College,  Cam- 
bridge. 

He  married  Eleanor,  daughter  and  coheiress 
of  Arthur  Lindley,  of  Leathley,  Esq.,  and  by  her 
(who  re-married  Col.  Robert  Brandling)  had  issue 
Ralph,  who  died  young,  and  Mary,  his  sole  heiress, 
who  married,  first,  Sir  Miles  Stapleton  of  Wig- 
hill,  and  secondly,  Richard  Aldburgh,  Esq. 

It  is  observable  that  the  writer  of  the  inscrip- 
tion at  Horncastle,  in  commemoration  of  Sir 
Ingram  Hopton,  was  mistaken  as  to  the  day  on 
which  Winceby  fight  occurred.  It  is  but  common 
charity  to  suppose  that,  had  he  been  acquainted 


256 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  SEPT.  26,  '63. 


with  the  generous  regard  for  his  brave  but  un- 
fortunate opponent  which  is  said  to  have  been 
exhibited  by  Cromwell,  he  would  not  have  desig- 
nated him  the  Arch-rebel. 

Lloyd  (Memoires,  671)  refers  to  Sir  Ingram 
Hopton  as  an  old  soldier.  It  appears  from  his 
baptism,  and  from  the  entry  of  his  admission  at 
St.  John's,  that  at  the  time  of  his  death  he  was  in 
his  twenty-ninth  year. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPEE. 

Cambridge. 

KASTNEE,  oa  CASTNEB  AEMS  (3rd  S.  iv.  167.) — 
Arms  belonging  to  different  families  of  this  name 
will  be  found  in  Siebmacher's  Wapperibuch  (Nu- 
remberg, 1734),  i.  99  ;  ii.  88  ;  iv.  38,  41 ;  and  in 
Rietstap's  Armorial  General  (Gouda,  1861),  pp. 
227,  567.  These  families  are  Bavarian,  Swabian, 
and  Tyrolese.  J.  WOODWABD. 

COINCIDENCE  or  BIRTH  AND  DEATH  (3rd  S.  iv. 
166.)  —  Perhaps  .  as  singular  a  coincidence  of 
birth  and  death  as  could  be  found  presents  itself 
in  the  case  of  Garzo,  the  grandfather  of  the  Italian 
poet  Petrarch.  It  is  related  in  Memoires  pour  la 
Vie  de  Petrarch.  Garzo,  who  was  a  notary,  died 
at  the  age  of  104,  on  his  natal  day,  and  in  the 
same  bed  in  which  he  was  born.  The  philosopher 
Plato  died  on  his  birthday.  W.  I.  S.  HOETON. 

PETEB'S  PENCE  (3rd  S.  iv.  49.)  — The  custom  of 
paying  Rome-feoh,  Home-scot,  Peter's-pence, 
Rome -penny  ing  seems  to  have  been  peculiar  to 
England,  and  was  not,  as  is  generally  asserted,  a 
tribute  to  the  Pope,  but  an  alms  in  support  of  the 
English  College  at  Rome.  Petrie,  in  cent.  viii. 
p.  99,  of  his  History  of  the  Church,  says  "  It  was 
called  Peter's-pence  because  it  was  ordained  to  be 
paid  on  Peter's  Day ;  yet  certainly  thereafter  it 
was  called  Peter's  tribute." 

Ina,  King  of  the  West  Saxons,  is  said  to  have 
instituted  the  payment  of  a  penny  for  every  house 
in  his  kingdom  during  his  pilgrimage  to  Rome  in 
724,  and  the  custom  was  not  abolished  until  1533. 
Offa,  in  793,  made  a  pilgrimage  to  Rome  by  way 
of  penance  for  the  murder  of  Ethelbert,  and  "gave 
unto  the  Pope  a  yearly  penny  "  —  a  fact  we  learn 
from  the  "Vita  Offse"  mentioned  by  Spelman. 
The  laws  of  Edward  the  Confessor  enact  that, 
"  omnes  qui  habent  30  denariatus  vivae  pecuniae 
.  .  .  .  de  suo  proprio,  Anglorum  lege  dabit 
denarium  Sancti  Petri,  et  lege  Danorum  dimi- 
diam  markam  :  iste  vero  denarius  debet  summo- 
niri  in  Solemnitate  Apostolorum  Petri  &  Pauli, 
et  colligi  ad  festivitatem  quse  dicitur  ad  vincula" 
The  same  statute  expressly  describes  this  paymeni 
as  being  an  alms,  and  not  a  tribute  of  subjection; 
for  we  find  that  "  hie  denarius  Regis  eleemosyna 
est." 

j&  In  later  times,  doubtless,  the  Peter-pence  were 
wrongly  considered  as  an  acknowledgment  o 
the  Papal  supremacy.  Matthew  of  Westminster 


.sails  this  contribution  "  consuetudo  apostolica, 
a  qua  neque  Rex,  neque  archiepiscopus  vel  epi- 

copus,  abbas  vel  prior,  aut  quilibet  in  regno  im- 
munis  erat."  Camden,  I  think,  assigns  to  Offa  the 

iredit  of  its  institution. 
Cowell,  from  whom  I  have  borrowed  some  of 

he  above  information,  refers  to  Lambarde's  Ex- 
plication of  Saxon  Words,  verbo  "  Nummus,"  King 
~dgar's  laws,  fol.  78,  c.  4;  and  Stow's  Annals, 
p.  67. 

The  "  Moneta  S.  Petri "  coined  at  York  and 
elsewhere,  is  not,  according  to  some  numismatists, 

;o  be  mistaken  for  Peter-pence.  Several  speci- 
mens of  this  coinage  are  before  me.  Other 
countries  forwarded  contributions,  or  tribute,  to 
the  chair  of  Peter,  but  the  special  payment  called 

Peter-pence  is,  I  think,  to  be  distinguished  from 
these,  and  confined  to  this  kingdom. 

CHESSBOBOUGH. 

COUET  COSTUME  or  Louis  XIII.  OF  FEANCE 
(3rd  S.  iv.  186.)  —  A.  D.  will  find  the  costume  of 
;his  period  very  minutely,  and  most  probably, 
correctly  represented  in  the  plates  to  Pluvinel's 
Horsemanship,  by  Crispin  de  Pas. 

In  order  to  be  sure  of  the  genuineness  of  the 
plates,  the  first  edition,  folio,  Paris,  1623,  should 
be  consulted,  or  that  issued  by  De  Charniquy, 
also  in  folio,  1625.  There  were  many  later  edi- 
tions in  French,  as  well  as  translations  into  Ger- 
man and  Dutch,  until  at  length  the  coppers  being 
quite  worn  out,  they  were  professedly  copied  by 
more  modern  artists,  whose  works,  although  suffi- 
ciently illustrative  of  the  Pluvinellian  manege,  are 
not  at  all  to  be  relied  on  in  regard  to  portraiture. 

R.  S.  Q. 

GEORGE  BELLAS  (3rd  S..  iv.  146.)  —  A  MS.  note 
in  my  copy  of  Beloe's  Sexagenarian  states  that 
George  Bellas  married  Miss  Greenough  of  Lud- 
gate  Street,  St.  Neots.  JOSEPH  Rix,  M.D. 

REGIOMONTANUS  (3rd  S.  iv.  178.) — Your  cor- 
respondent CHESSBOBOUGH  is  correct  as  to  the 
episcopal  throne  of  Ratisbon  having  been  occu- 
pied by  Albertus  Magnus.  He  was  elected  Bishop 
1259,  and  voluntary  resigned  the  see  1263. 

W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 

BATH  HOSPITAL  (3rd  S.  iv.  134.)— Up  to  the 
year  1743,  the  only  bishops  who  had  subscribed 
to  the  above  hospital  were  the  Bishops  of  Oxford, 
and  of  Bath  and  Wells  ;  and  the  sums  they  sub- 
scribed were  under  50Z.  Had  any  bishop  be- 
tween 1723  and  1743  subscribed  50Z.,  he  would 
not  have  been  "  the  principal  contributor ;"  as 
several  persons  gave  50Z.,  some  100Z.,  and  George 
II.  200Z.  There  is  not,  nor  ever  was  any  motto, 
either  within  or  without  the  hospital.  The  anec- 
dote related  by  P.  S.  C.  cannot,  I  think,  be  re- 
garded as  genuine.  R.  W.  F. 


3>-d  S.  IV.  SEPT.  26,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


257 


LADY  CATHERINE  KEBECCA  MANNERS  (3rd  S. 
iv.  187.)  —  Catherine  Rebecca,  Lady  Manners, 
was  the  daughter  of  Francis  Grey  of  Lehena,  co. 
Cork,  Esq.  She  married  William  Manners,  son 
of  John  Manners  and  Louisa  Tolleroache,  Coun- 
tess of  Dysart,  in  J789.  William  Manners  was 
made  a  baronet  in  1793,  and  afterwards  became 
Baron  Huntingtower,  and  took  the  name  of  Tal- 
mash  by  royal  sign  manual  in  1821.  A  second 
edition  of  Lady  Manners's  Poems  was  published 
in  1793  by  J.  Bell,  British  Library,  Strand,  with 
a  portrait.  LOUISA  JULIA  NORMAN. 

LORD  AIRTH'S  COMPLAINTS  (3rd  S.  iv.  186.)  — 
In  the  first  series  of  Sir  Bernard  Burke's  Vicissi- 
tudes of  Families  will  be  found  an  interesting 
account  of  the  circumstances  which  led  Charles  I. 
to  strip  William  Graham,  Earl  of  Strathern  and 
Menteith  of  his  ancient  honours,  while  he  con- 
ferred on  him  the  new  title  of  Earl  of  Airth.  As 
however,  the  Earldom  of  Airth  was  only  granted 
in  1633,  the  author  of  Lord  AirtKs  Complaints 
could  not  have  been  Fulke,  Lord  Brooke,  who 
died  in  1628.  C.  R.  S.  M. 

CHURCH  BELLS  (1st  S.  vi.  317.)— 

"  One  of  the  Doctor's  peculiarities  was  his  extraordi- 
nary fondness  for  church  bells,  and  many  and  pressing 
were  the  calls  upon  the  pockets  of  his  friends  and  corre- 
spondents to  contribute  to  those  at  the  church  at  Hatton. 
He  says  himself,  « I  have  been  importunate,  and  almost 
impudent,  in  my  applications.'  Campanology  was  a  sub- 
ject so  much  at  his  heart,  that,  in  one  of  his  letters,  he 
intimates  an  intention  of  treating  upon  it  at  large.  In 
the  Sibliotheca  Parriana,  p.  479,  is  a  long  note  on  Magius 
deTintinnabulis,  in  which  he  notices  Paccichelli  de  Tintin- 
nabulo  Nolano,  as  the  only  learned  work  he  had  met  with 
on  bells.  He  does  not  seem  to  have  fallen  in  with  the 
commentary  of  Angelus  Roccha  or  the  poetry  of  Delling- 
ham,  or  the  Campanologie  Rationale  of  Durandus,  or  the 
huge  folio  of  Valentinus,  which  would  have  been  a  great 
comfort  to  the  Doctor's  mind.  What  would  he  have 
said,  however,  to  the  incomparable  theory  of  Frater 
Johannes  Drabicius,  who,  in  his  book,  De  Cado  et  Ccelesti 
Statu,  printed  at  Mentz,  1618  \not  1718],  employs  425 
pages  to  prove  that  the  principal  employment  of  the  blest 
in  heaven  will  be  in  the  continued  ringing  of  bells." — 
Quarterly  Review,  vol.  xxxix.,  Life  and  Writings  of 
Dr.  Parr,  n.  p.  308. 

BlBLIOTHECAH.  CHETHAM. 

INSCRIPTION  ON  CBOSTHWAITE  FONT,  KESWICK 
(3rd  S.  iv.  187.)— By  way  of  reply  to  the  first 
of  MR.  KNOWLES'S  Queries,  may  I  suggest  that 
Keswick  is  but  a  contracted  form  of  Ked's-wick, 
or  Khede's-wick,  and  that  Khede  is  one  of  the 
many  ways  in  which  the  name  of  St.  Chad  is  so 
frequently  found  in  the  nomenclature  of  English 
towns ;  combined  with  the  terminations  -den, 
-ley,  -wick,  -kirk,  -hunt,  -well,  -ford,  "  Chad "  is 
found  in  the  names  of  nearly  a  dozen  places  ;  as 
Cad,  Chat,  Chid,  Chit,  &c.,  it  enters  largely  into 
English  topographical  names.  (Skiddaw?  wide 
derivatur?)  CHESSBOROUGH. 

Harbertonford. 


GLOUCESTERSHIRE  SONGS  (3rd  S.  iv.  210.)  —  In 
the  Collectanea  Glocestriensia  of  the  late  J.  D. 
Phelps,  Esq.,  of  Chavenage  House,  I  find  in  the 
Catalogue  of  Poetry,  at  p.  48,  "  True  Blue. 
Tune,  Grenadier's  March."  Perhaps  some  of 
your  correspondents  may  be  able  to  complete  the 
information  by  stating  where  Mr.  Phelps's  Col- 
lection is  now  preserved.*  P.  S.  CARET. 

CHANCELLOR  OF  THE  EXCHEQUER  (3rd  S.  iv. 
216.) — I  have  read  MR.  Foss's  interesting  reply 
to  MR.  CAMPBELL'S  Query,  in  which  he  says  the 
Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer  is  now  the  Chief 
Judge  on  the  Equity  side  of  the  Court.  Will 
MR.  Foss  kindly  inform  me  how  far  the  judicial 
authority  of  the  Chancellor,  as  an  Exchequer 
judge,  has  been  affected  by  the  5  Viet.  c.  5,  which 
abolished  the  equity  jurisdiction  of  the  Court  of 
Exchequer  ? 

JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORKARD,  M.A. 

OYSTER  GROTTOES  (3rd  S.  iv.  140,  192.)— The 
Guardian,  Sept.  2,  1863,  p.  830,  quoting  Miss 
Yonge's  History  of  Christian  Names^  says :  — 

"  Very  curious  associations  cluster  round  this  par- 
ticular local  conception  of  St.  James : — '  The  conventional 
representation  of  the  saint  was  a  pilgrim  to  his  own 
shrine,  staff-in-hand,  and  in  his  broad-leaved  hat  one  of 
the  scallop-shells,  thence  named  Pecten  Jacobaeus,  em- 
blems probably  of  pilgrims'  fare,  but  which  led  to  oj-sters 
being  considered  appropriate  to  his  festival ;  so  that  the 
25th  of  July,  old  style,  ushers  them  in,  and  the  grotto  of 
their  shells  built  by  little  Londoners  on  that  day  is  the 
reminiscence  of  his  shrine,  and  testifies  to  his  popularity.'" 

If  DR.  BELL  will  add  to  July  25,  which  is  the 
day  of  St.  James  the  Greater,  the  ten  days  omitted 
at  Pope  Gregory's  revision  of  the  Calendar  in 
1582,  he  will  have  the  very  date  under  discussion, 
Aug.  4.  S.  F.  CRESWELL. 

Cathedral  School,  Durham. 

DAGNIA  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  iv.  209.)— I  have  the 
following  memorandum  among  my  genealogical 
collections :  — 

"  1802.  Oct.  13.  M»  Dagnia,  of  Dockwray  Square, 
North  Shields/relict  of  Jn.  D.  Esq.  of  Newcastle  [died]." 
—  Gent's  Mag.  vol.  Ixxii.  p.  1067. 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

THE  EARL  OF  SEFTON  (3rd  S.  iv.  148,  198.)  — 
ABHBA  will  find  the  statement,  which  I  at  first 
made  from  memory,  in  Burke's  Peerage,  p.  949, 
edition,  fol.  1863.  S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 

BISSEXTILE  DAY  (3rd  S.  iv,  209.)— At  present 
February  has  twenty-m'ne  days  in  leap  year,  but 
in  the  Roman  calendar  they  were  reckoned  only 
as  twenty -eight,  because  the  first  sextile  and 
second  sextile  were  considered  in  the  Roman  law 
as  one  day.  (Dig.  iv.  tit.  4,  3.)  .  By  the  statute 
21  Hen.  III.  the  Roman  plan  was  to  be  followed  : 


Vide  «  N.  &  Q."  I*  S.  vi.  107.— ED.] 


258 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  IV.  SEPT.  26,  '63. 


"  computetur  dies  ille  et  dies  proximo  precedens 
pro  uno  die." 

Generally  it  may  be  answered  that  our  old 
practice  of  counting  two  days  as  one  was  pre- 
served out  of  deference  to  Roman  authority, 
which  was  afterwards  abandoned  for  the  more 
simple  and  scientific  method  of  adding  one  day 
at  the  end  of  the  month.  In  like  manner  the 
Jews  intercalated  one  month,  but  they  gave  the 
same  name  to  the  two  months ;  so  did  the  Greeks. 
Why  the  Roman  priesthood  should  have  fixed  on 
the  sixth  calend  may  have  been  because  six  hours 
was  the  surplus  time  to  be  dealt  with  annually. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

ARMS  WANTED,  FAMILY  FOR  (3rd  S.  iv.  128, 
166.)  —  Your  correspondent  should  consult  Ber- 
ry's Encyclopedia  Heraldica,  and  Glover's  Or- 
dinary of  Arms.  By  their  help  he  may  refer  the 
first  shield  inquired  for  to  the  Gilberts  of  London 
and  Sussex,  and  the  quartered  shield  as  follows  : 
1st  quarter  to  the  family  of  Dennys  of  Devon  ; 
2nd,  to  that  of  Loveday ;  3rd,  to  the  Ffolliotts  ; 
and  the  4th  to  the  Dyverles  of  Devon. 

According  to  Machin's  Diary,  a  Philip  Dennys 
was  buried  at  Allhallows  Barking,  in  1556  — 

"  The  vjtl1  day  of  Sepf  was  bered  at  Barking  Church 
Mr.  Phelype  Dennys,  Squire  with  Cote  of  Armes,  and  ij 
whytt  branches  and  xii  torches,  iiij  grett  tapurs,  ij  dozen 
skochyuns  of  Armes  and  a  grett  juster." 

The  tomb  existed  in  Stowe's  time,  who  describes 
it  thus :  — 

"A  small  brass  plate  is  fixed  on  the  E.  wall,  and  thus 
inscribed, '  Of  your  charitye  pray  for  the  soule  of  Philip 
Dennys  of  London,  Esquire,  whose  body  lyeth  before  this 
stone.  He  died  the  3rd  day  of  September,"  1556." 

May  not  the  shield  in  question  be  a  part  of  the 
now  missing  memorial  ?  B.  Hr. 

MARGARET  WAKE  (3rd  S.  iv.  188.)  —  HERMEN- 
TRUDE  will  find  an  elaborate  pedigree  of  the  Wake 
family  in  the  Report  of  the  Proceedings  of  the 
Leicestershire  Archaeological  Society  for  1861. 
The  name  of  Margaret  Wake's  mother  is  not 
given  in  it.  C.  J.  R. 

The  following  extract,  from  the  Archbishop's 
Memoir  of  his  family,  1833,  may  assist  HERMEN-. 

TRUDE. 

In  reference  to  John,  Lord  Wake,  who  was  the 
father  of  Margaret,  he  says  (p.  35)  :  — 

"  Whom  he  marryed  I  am  yet  to  seek ;  only  I  find  her 
in  an  Ancient  Charter,  called  by  the  name  of  Joan ;  and 
that,  in  right  of  her,  he  held  the  Wapentake  of  Skarndale, 
in  the  County  of  Derby." 

W.  W.  S. 

REV.  W.  EASTMEAD  (3rd  S.  iv.  186.)— William 
Eastmead,  on  Oct.  16, 1809,  preached  at  Hamble- 
don,  Bucks,  a  sermon  entitled  The  Power  of  Satan 
limited  and  his  Policy  confounded  by  Christ.  It 
was  printed,  and  a  notice  of  it  was  inserted  in  the 
Evangelical  Magazine  for  April,  1810,  p.  170, 


col.  ii.,  whose  editors  suppose  it  to  have  been  the 
author's  maiden  sermon.  The  same  magazine  for 
1815  at  p.  547,  col.  ii.,  gives  an  account  of  the 
Rev.  W.  Eastmead's  settlement  over  the  church 
of  Christ  at  Kirkby-Moorside  on  August  10,  when 
he  was  said  to  be  from  Hackney.  D.  B. 

BUSH  HOUSES  (3rd  S.  iv.  141,  200.)  —  The  bush 
as  a  tavern  sign  was  succeeded  by  a  thing  in- 
tended to  resemble  a  bush,  consisting  of  three  or 
four  tiers  of  hoops  fastened  one  above  another, 
with  vine  leaves  and  grapes  richly  carved  and 
gilt,  and  a  Bacchus  bestriding  a  tun  at  top.  The 
owner  of  a  tavern  or  ale-house  in  Aldersgate 
Street,  at  the  time  when  Charles  I.  was  beheaded, 
was  so  affected  upon  that  event  that  he  put  his 
bush  in  mourning  by  painting  it  black.  The 
house  was  long  after  known  by  the  name  of  the 

Mourning  Bush  at  Aldersgate."  (Hawkins's 
History  of  Music,  vol.  v.  bk.  i.  c.  ix.  p.  78.)  I 
may  supplement  this  note  with  the  following  pro- 
verbs :  — 

"  Good  wine  needs  no  bush ;  Al  buon  vino  non  bisogna 
frasca,  Ital. ;  A  bon  vin  il  ne  faut  point  d'enseigne,  Fr. ; 
Vino  vendibili  hedera  suspense  nihil  est  opus ;  El  vino 
que  es  bueno,  no  ha  menester  pregonero,  Span. ;  Gude 
wine  needs  na  a  wisp,  Scot." — Ray's  Proverbs. 

EDWARD  J.  WOOD. 

GAMBRINUS  (3rd  S.  iv.  147.)— In  the  Divi  Bri- 
tannici,  London,  1675,  p.  103,  Sir  W.  Churchill, 
speaking  of  the  English  race,  says  :  — 

"  Woden,  their  common  ancestor,  being  descended  in  a 
direct  line  from  Theutones,  the  grandchild  of  Gamlrivius 
(the  first  inventer  of  good  Ale  and  Beer,  which  they  have 
lov'd  but  too  well  ever  since),  he  was  the  third  in  descent 
from  Manus,  son  of  Tuisco,  the  eldest  son  of  Gomer,  the 
first  son  of  Japheth,  third  son  of  Noah,  whom  (  ?)  Moses 
remembers  by  the  name  of  Aschenaz,  from  whom  the 
Hebrews  call  the  Germans  Aschenims." 

From  this  account  we  see  that  Gambrivius  was 
seventh  in  descent  from  Noah ;  in  other  words, 
that  he  was  the  patriarch's  G.-G.-G.-G.-G.  Grand- 
son. Churchill  refers,  in  the  margin,  to  Lanquet 
for  information  concerning  this  patron  saint  of 
brewers.  CHESSBOROUGH. 

Harbertonford,  Devon. 

CHRISTIAN  NAMES  or  AUTHORS  (3rd  S.  iv. 
161.) — The  librarian  alluded  to  by  S.  Y.  R.  is 
quite  right  in  his  conjecture ;  Lieut-Colonel 
Robert  Carey,  C.B.,  Deputy- Adjutant- General,  is 
the  author  of  The  Narrative  of  the  late  New 
Zealand  War.  P.  S.  CARET. 

MTMS  (3rd  S.  iv.  123.)  — The  only  etymology 
that  I  can  find  for  this  name  is  the  German  mummc, 
a  castrated  animal.  The  river  Maran  in  the  same 
county  of  Hertford,  is  also  named  Mimram,  which, 
if  this  derivation  is  sound,  means  a  wether  sheep. 
The  two  Myms  or  Mimms,  North  and  South, 
being  within  twenty  miles  of  London,  and  near 
Barnet,  a  great  cattle  fair,  and  being  in  a  line 
from  the  north  and  north-west  of  England,  fofr 


S.  IV.  SEPT.  26,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


259 


the  introduction  of  horses,  cattle,  and  sheep  into 
the  metropolis,  may  have  acquired  the  name  from 
carrying  on  this  branch  of  veterinary  surgery. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

FKENCH  WINE  IN  1749  (3rd  S.  iv.  209.)— From 
1703  port  established  itself  as  what  Defoe  calls 
"  our  general  draught,"  pursuant  to  the  treaty 
with  Portugal  in  opposition  to  France,  known  as 
the  Methuen  Treaty,  from  the  name  of  the  Am- 
bassador. Previously,  the  claret  of  France  had 
been  the  beverage  of  the  wine-drinkers  of  Eng- 
land. The  Scotch  stuck,  however,  to  their  French 
taste  and  predilections.  (Knight's  England,  v. 
267,  312.)  The  same  may  be  said  of  the  dis- 
affected English.  In  1749,  the  remembrance  of 
French  aid  to  the  Romanists  of  Ireland  and  Scot- 
land rising  to  support  the  Stuart  family,  would 
be  fresh  in  the  memory  of  the  London  drapers 
and  others,  and  in  their  drink  would  be  freshly 
remembered.  The  adoption  of  a  new  beverage  is 
proof  of  strong  feeling,  and  it  is  remarkable  that 
it  has  required  more  than  150  years  to  reconvert 
our  port-wine  drinkers  into  French  wine  drinkers, 
which  is  again  the  result  of  foreign  policy. 

T.   J.  BCCKTON. 

BIBLICAL  QUERIES  :  PEOV.  xxvi.  8.  (3rd  S.  iv. 
219.)  — Allow  me  to  observe  in  explanation  that 
quicksilver  is  not  mentioned  in  the  original  nor  in 
any  of  the  versions. 

It  is  certain  that  in  the  Latin  Vulgate  the 
word  "  Mercurii "  means  the  god  Mercury,  and 
not  the  mineral  mercury  or  quicksilver,  the  Latin 
name  of  which  was  a  Greek  compound,  hydrargy- 
rum (Plin.  xxxiii.  3).  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

SIR  THOMAS  REMINGTON  (3rd  S.  iv.  210.)  — 
Queries  such  as  this  of  a  private  genealogical 
character,  which  may  be  very  interesting  to  the 
inquirer,  but  little  or  none  to  the  general  reader, 
should  not  be  asked  under  any  initials,  but  by  a 
full  name  and  address.  Then  the  probability  is 
that  satisfactory  replies  will  be  received  through 
private  and  direct  communication,  such  as,  in 
many  cases,  it  might  not  be  desirable  for  all  the 
wide  world  to  know.  I  can  speak  from  experi- 
ence that  I  have  often  received  very  valuable  in- 
formation in  reply  to  my  queries  direct,  conveyed 
in  the  most  courteous  and  obliging  manner,  and 
have  made  some  very  agreeable  acquaintances 
thereby. 

How  often  does  the  editor  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
announce  to  correspondents  that  letters  are  lying 
with  him  for  A.  B.  and  C.,  containing,  I  have  no 
doubt,  replies  which  the  writers  don't  think  pro- 
per to  make  public  f  Therefore  my  advice  to  R. 
B.  is  EXPERTO  CREDE. 

P.S.  Had  I  known  his  address,  /would  have 
put  him  on  the  track  he  wishes  to  find. 

A  pedigree  of  this  family,  from  Dugdale's  Visit- 
ation of  Yorkshire,  1665-6  (p.  123),  is  published  by 


the  Surtees  Society.  It  was  registered  at  Kilham 
on  Aug.  31,  1665.  EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

Bottesford  Manor,  Brigg. 

MONOGRAM  OF  CONSTANTINE  (3rd  S.  iii.  235.) 
F.  C.  H.  will,  I  feel  sure,  pardon  me  for  calling 
in  question  the  accuracy  of  his  statement  that  the 
Labarum  appears  on  coins  of  Constantine  the 
Great.  Will  he  kindly  inform  me  where  any 
coins  of  this  emperor  are  to  be  seen  on  which  a 
standard,  bearing  the,  so-called,  "  sacred  mono- 
gram," is  represented. 

In  my  own  cabinet  are  thirty-four  coins  of 
Constantine  the  Great,  and  I  have  examined  en- 
gravings of  many  others,  the  types  of  which  are 
not  represented  in  my  collection ;  and  I  regret  to 
say  that  I  have  as  yet  been  unable  to  discover  on 
any  of  this  Emperor's  coins  either  the  Labarum, 
or  indeed  the  most  distant  allusion  to  the  new 
religion  he  embraced,  though  of  his  connection 
with  the  older  religious  system  there  are  many 
traces,  as,  for  instance,  in  the  augur's  cowl,  and 
the  title  of  Divus  prefixed  to  his  name.  With 
all  proper  respect  for  the  legends  of  antiquity,  I 
take  leave  to  doubt  whether  this  so-called  mono- 
gram ought  to  be  considered  a  Christian  emblem 
at  all,  —  a  doubt  the  reasons  for  which  I  hope  to 
show  in  the  course  of  a  note  I  am  preparing  on 
Religious  Symbols.  CHESSBOHODGH. 

Harbertonford. 

P.S.  Since  writing  the  above,  I  find  in  p.  364 
of  Mr.  Humphrey's  Coin  Manual  the  following 
remark  :  "  We  seek  in  vain  for  Christian  emblems 
on  the  coinage  of  the  first  Christian  Emperor." 
See  also  remarks  on  the  Labarum  in  p.  365  of 
the  same  book. 

VENUS  CHASTISING  CUPID  (3rd  S.  iv.  200.)  — 
There  is  a  classical  authority  for  Venus  chastising 
Cupid  with  a  more  effective  weapon,  viz.  her 
sandal.  Lucian,  in  his  dialogue  of  Aphrodite  and 
Selene  (Tauchnitz  edition,  vol.  i.  p.  105),  makes 
the  former  say  —  tfSii  5e  Kal  ir\Tryas  avT$  eVe'reii/a  els 
ray  Tri/yas  rtp  crai/5aA<p.  H.  C.  C. 

SATIRICAL  EPITAPH  (3rd  S.  iv.  189.)— I  have 
always  heard  the  first  line  repeated  thus :  — 
"  Here  lies  the  mutton-eating  King,"  &c. 

The  reference  to  Hume  should  be  vol.  viii. 
p.  212,  not  312.  C.  A.  B. 

WIVES  OF  ENGLISH  PRINCES  (3rd  S.  iv.  188.) — 
The  mother  of  Jacquetta,  Duchess  of  Bedford, 
was  Margaret  de  Baux,  of  the  house  of  Andria  ; 
whose  armorial  bearings  were,  without  heraldic 
right,  granted  by  Edward  IV.  to  Queen  Elizabeth 
Wideville.  I  have  seen  a  halberd  of  his  age  in 
the  armoury  at  the  Tower,  on  which  these  arms 
are  engraved.  S.  P.  V. 

Of  the  mothers  of  the  wives  of  English  princes, 
I  can  only  answer  HERMENTRUDE'S  Queries  as  to 
the  following :  — 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*4  S.  IV.  SEPT.  '26,  '63. 


1.  Isabel  Marshal ;   whose  mother  was  Isabel 
de  Clare,  daughter  of  Richard  de  Clare,  Earl  of 
Pembroke  (Strongbow). 

2.  Margaret  Wake.    Her  mother  was  Joan,  who 
died  1310,  Rot.  Ori<j.  3  Edw.  I.  (from  genealogi- 
cal  table  in   Rev.  E.  Trollope's   Hereward,   the 
Saxon  Patriot). 

3.  Joan  Holland.    Her  mother  was  Lady  Alice 
Fitzalan,  daughter  of  Richard,  Earl  of  Arundel. 

4.  Jaquetta  of  Luxemburg.     Her  mother  was 
Margaret  de   Baux,   daughter   of  the  Duke   of 
Andria,  in  the  kingdom  of  Naples.     C.  R.  S.  M. 

BEAN  FEAST  (3rd  S.  iv.  186.)— I  believe  this 
term  originated  in  days  when  workmen  were  con- 
tented with  much  humbler  fare  than  would  satisfy 
them  at  present ;  and  when  a  day  in  the  country, 
with  a  dinner  of  beans  and  bacon,  washed  down 
with  a  due  proportion  of  beer,  was  looked  upon  as 
a  real  treat.  Formerly,  the  bean  feasts  always 
took  place  about  the  time  of  year  when  broad 
beans  are  plentiful.  JAYDEE. 

EXPLANATION  OF  WORDS  WANTED  (3rd  S.  iv. 
167.) — Perhaps  the  following  will  help  HERMEN- 
TRUDE : — 

"  Espiner."  Fil  d'Espinay  =  A  kind  of  loose 
twisted  and  (somewhat)  coarse  thread,  made  at 
Espinay,  a  town  in  Artois.  (Cotgrave.) 

"  Accuby."  Accubes  =  Couches,  lodgings, 
resting-places ;  cabins  to  lie  in,  or  to  rest  in. 
(Cotgrave.) 

"  Par  Anal."  This  must  be  akin  to  Anneler= 
to  curl,  to  ring,  to  twist,  &c. 

"  Forall"  I  take  to  be  fold,  or  furl  (fresler),  or 
ply. 

"  Esqueles."     Esquilles,  aiguilles  =  needles. 

"  Quillers."  (Perhaps)  =knitting,  quilling  (or 
twilling)  needles,  or  pins. 

"  Enorres  "  I  take  to  have  affinity  with  gold ; 
perhaps  gilt  may  be  the  meaning.  "  Un  hanap 
d' argent  enorres  "  =  a  silver  gilt  cup." 

"  Ove  "  one  would  suppose  to  mean  "  ou,"  but 
a  conjunction  does  not  seem  to  be  wanting,  so 
that  it  may  have  some  affinity  with  the  Italian 
Uva  (Uova,  Ove)  Uveo, — a  grape,  or  grape-like  in 
shape. 

"  Resones  de  Averill "  I  take  to  be  raisins  = 
grapes  or  a  bunch  of  grapes,  "  of  April  "  or  "  of 
spring,"  or  "green."  Ash  has  Avernot  =  a 
kind  of  grape.  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

Glasgow. 

"Esqueles"  is  evidently  "  ecuelles,"  porrin- 
gers. For  "  quillers  "  read  "  cuillers  "  spoons. 
The  other  words  I  give  up.  H.  W.  H. 

BENEDICT  XIV.  (3rd  S.  iv.  166.)— The  autho- 
rity for  this  anecdote  is  a  letter  of  Gray's  to  Mr. 
West,  dated  "Florence,  Aug.  21,  N.  S.  1740;" 
and  standing  as  Letter  xxix.  of  the  second  sec- 


tion  in  Mitford's   edition  of  the  poet's   Works, 
where  it  is  thus  given  :  — 

"  He  is  reported  to  have  made  a  little  speech  to  the 
Cardinals  in  the  conclave,  while  they  were  undetermined 
about  an  election,  as  follows :  '  Most  eminent  Lords,  here 
are  three  Bolognese  of  different  characters,  but  all  equally 
proper  for  the  Popedom.  If  it  be  your  pleasures  to  pitch 
upon  a  saint,  there  is  Cardinal  Gotti;  if  upon  a  politi- 
cian, there  is  Aldrovandi ;  if  upon  a  booby,  here  am  I.' 
The  Italian  is  much  more  expressive ;  and,  indeed,  not 
to  be  translated :  — '  Eminentissimi  Signori,  ci  siamo  tre 
(Bolognesi?)' diversi  si,  ma  tutti  idonei  al  papato.  Si 
vi  piace  un  santo,  c'  e  '1  Gotti ;  se  volete  una  testa  scal- 
tra  e  politica,  c'  e  1' Aldrovandi ;  se  un  coglione,  ecco 
mi ! '  " 

C.  W.  BlNGHAM. 

A  LADY'S  DRESS  IN  1762  (3rd  S.  iv.  238.)  — 
J.  L.  should  not  make  Ovid  speak  like  the  most 
prosaic  of  prose  writers.  It  is  needless  to  put  the 
words  in  poetical  order ;  indeed  I  think  they  have 
very  lately  been  quoted  in  "  N.  &  Q." 

LYTTELTON. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particular*  of  Price,  &c.  of  the  following  Books  tu  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentleman  by  whom  they  are  required,  whose  name  and  address 
are  given  tor  that  purpose :  — 

DIBDIN'S  SUNDAY  LIBRARY.    Vol.  II. 

COLLECTION   OF  ANTHEMS  USED   IN  HER  MAJESTY'S  CHAPEL  ROYAL,  by 
Thomas  Pearce,  D.D.,  Sub-Dean  of  the  chapel.    Rivingtons,  1826. 
8vo. 
WINOBD  WORDS  ON  CBANTREY'S  WOODCOCKS,  edited  by  Rev.  W.  G. 

Cookesley. 

THE  HISTORY  op  THE  COMMONERS,  by  Burke.    4  Vols. 
Wanted  by  Rev.  John  Pickford,  M~A.,  Sherington,Newport-PagneU, 
Bucks. 


ta 


T.  B.  is  referred  lo  our  1st  S.  vii.  202;  but  especiallu  to  the  2nd  8.  vi. 
145,  218,,/br  the  origin  and  correct  spelling  of  the  word  Teetotalism. 

K.  B.  Hewer  in  Evelyn's  Diary  is  clearly  a  misprint  for  Dr.  John 
Hewett,  noticed  in  the  Bth  and  12<A  vote  of  our  Second  Series.  -  The  great 
critic  who  declared  "  He  that  would  pun  would  pick  a  pocket,"  was  John 
Dennis.  See  "  N.  &  Q."  3rd  S.  ii.  197;  iii.  457. 

C.  Banyan's  allusion  to  the  gratitude  of  the  chicken  is  noticed  in  our 
2nd  S.  vii.  67.  Bumjan  was  only  four  years  of  age  when  George  Herbert 
died. 

S.  Y.  R.  Mr.  William  John  Pinks  was  born  2W/j  Sept.  1829,  and  died 
the  12th  Nov.  1*60.  A  short  Memoir  of  him  mail  de  had  at  the  Office  of 
the.  Clerkenwell  News. 

W.  M.  M.  Fur  eradicating  the  worm  in  old  books  see  "N.  &  Q."  1st 
S.  viii.  526;  ix.  527;  xi.  167  --  The  authorship  of  The  Whole  Duty  of 
Man  is  still  considered  an  open  question.  Vide  our  2nd  S.  i.  185. 

W.  I.  J.  The  work  announced  by  Knapton  is  doubtless  a  translation 
o/Jugement  de  Pluton  sur  les  deux  Parties  des  nouveaux  Dialogues  des 
Marts,  12mo.  Paris,  1684,  published  anonymously,  but  written  by  M.  de 
Fontenelle. 

ERRATUM  —  The  date  of  the  Moncrieff  baronetcy  is  1626,  not  1826,  as  in 
the  writer's  MS. 

"NOTES  AND  QPERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 


iM  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


Full,  benefit  of  reduced  duty  obtained  by  purchasing  Horniman's  Pure 
Tea;  very  choice  at  3s.  4d.  and 4s.  " Iliyh  Stanrlard  "  at  4«.  4d.  for- 
merly 4s.  8rf.),  is  the  strtmrjeft  and  most  delicious  imported.  Agents  in 
every  town  supply  it  in  Packets. 


3*i  S.  IV.  SEPT.  26,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

ttTESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

f  T      *»»  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES  LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIEF  Orric««  :  S,  PARLIAMENT  STREET.  LONDON,  and 
77,  KINO  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.E.Bicknell,E«q. 

T.Somers  Cocks,  Esq.,  M.A..J.P. 

Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Qoodhart,  Esq.,  J.P. 

}.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.  Howard,  D.C.L. 

James  Hunt,  Esq. 

John  Leigh,  Esq. 

Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 

F.B.  Marson,  Esq. 

E.  Vansitt art  Neale,  Esq.,  H.A. 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Jas.  Lys  Seager,  Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White,  Esq. 


Henry  Wilhraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary — Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society  s  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Kates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONDS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  tne  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MUDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOB  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  Awwomss 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal.  

Now  ready,  price  14«. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
mnch  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  ft  ROBERTS. 


OSTEO      EXDON. 

Patent, March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

pABRIEL'S     SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE  OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street  .Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth.      Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

JC.  and  J.  FIELD,  Original  Manufacturers  (in 
•  England)  of  PARAFFINE  CANDLES,  to  whom  the  prize 
medal  (1862)  has  been  awarded,  and  their  Candles  adopted  by  her 
Majesty's  Government  for  use  at  the  Military  Stations  abroad.  These 
Candles  can  be  obtained  of  all  Chandlers  and  Grocers  in  the  United 
Kingdom.  Price  Is.  8rf.  per  Ib.  Also  Field's  celebrated  United  Service 
Soap  Tablets,  6d.  and  4d.  each.  The  Public  are  cautioned  to  see  that 
Field's  label  is  on  the  packets  or  boxes.  Wholesale  only,  and  for 
Exportation,  Upper  Marsh,  Lambeth,  London,  8. 

PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

X  MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM PATCHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  NEW-MOWN  HAY.lnd 
1 ,000  others.  2s.  6d.  each — 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 

A  LADY,  supposed  to  be  on  the  point  of  Death, 
cured  by  HOLLOWAY'S  OINTMENT  and  PILLS. —  Mrs. 
j-osor,  of  Grund-hill,  Harwich,  certifies  on  Feb.  2,  1863,  that  she  was 
literally  covered  with  sores  from  head  to  foot,  and  that  her  case  was  so 
dangerous  and  malignant  tlmt  her  dearest  friends  dared  scarcely  touch 
her  for  fear  she  should  die  whilst  under  their  hands.  After  every  likely 
means  of  Hiving  relief  )la(j  been  tried  ^  ^^  a  Clever  m  the  ejficacy 

i  j  ay  s  remedies  proposed  the  adoption  of  them,  but  was  ridi- 
culed for  her  pains.  At  length,  however,  his  ointment  and  pills  were 
used ;  and  to  the  surprise  of  herself  and  relatives  a  decided  amendment 
appeared,  and  perfect  recovery  ensued. 


I  HE    LIVERPOOL     AND    LONDON 

FIRE  AND  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  in  1836. 

OFFICES:  —  !,  Dale  Street,  Liverpool;  20  and  21,  Poultry, 
London,  E.G. 

PROGRESS  OF  THE  COMPANY  SINCE  1850. 


Year 

Fire  Premiums 

Life  Premiums 

Invested  Funds 

£ 

£ 

£ 

1851 

54,305 

27,157 

502,824 

1856 

222,279 

72,781 

821,061 

1861 

360,130 

135,974 

1,311,905 

1862 

436,065 

138,703 

1,417,808 

The  Fire  Duty  paid  by  this  Company  in  England  in  1862  was  71,234*. 
SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 
JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 

HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES :  _ 

Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 

per  dozen. 
WhiteBordeaux  24s  and  30s.  per  doz. 


Good  Hock 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne......  36s.,  4Vs 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24s 

Port 24s.,  30s 


36s. 


They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  )2fls.  per  doz. 

Vintage  1834 „   108s.        „ 

Vintage  1840 ,     84s. 

Vintage  1847 „     72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry,  36s., 42s., 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s., 42s., 48s., 60s.,  72s..  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60«.| 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120s. ;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s..  6te., 
"a?.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constautia,  Lachrymsc  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz. ; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 

(THE    NATURAL    WINES    of   FRANCE. —  J. 

_L  CAMPBELL,  Wine  Merchant,  158,  Regent  Street,  recommends 
attention  to  the  following  CLARETS,  selected  by  himself  on  the 
Garonne:  —  Yin  de  Bordeaux  (which  greatly  improves  by  keeping  in 
bottle  two  or  three  years),  20s.;  St.  Julien,  22s.;  La  Rose,  26s.;  St. 
Estephe,  36s.;  St.  Emilion,  42s.;  Haut  Brion,  48s.;  Lafitte,  Latour, 
and  Chateau  Margaux,  60s.  to  84s.  per  dozen.  J.  C.'s  experience  and 
known  reputation  for  French  winei  will  le  some  guarantee  for  the 
soundness  of  the  wine  quoted  at  20s.  per  dozen— Note.  Burgundies  from 
36s.  to54s.;  Chablis,26s.  and  30s.  per  dozen.  E.  Clicquot's  finest  Cham- 
pagne, 66s.  per  dozen.  Remittances  or  town  references  should  be  ad- 
dressed JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 


CAPTAIN    WHITE'S 

ORIENTAL  PICKLE,  CURRY,  or  MULLIGA- 
TAWNY PASTE. 

Curry  Powder,  and  Curry  Sauce,  may  be  obtained  from  all  Sauce, 

Vendors,  and  Wholesale  of 

CROSSE  ft  BLACKWELL,  Purveyors  to  the  Queen,  Soho  Square, 
London. 

SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOB  LEA  AND  PERRINS'  SAUCE. 

***  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester  ; 
MESSRS.  CROSSE  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS,  London,  *c.,  &e. ;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3'd  S.  IV.  SEPT.  26,  '63. 


AN  IMPORTANT  REFERENCE  BOOK  FOR  HISTORICAL 

STUDENTS,  LAWYERS,  AUTHORS.  AND  THE 

GENERAL  READER. 


In  crown  8vo,  price  12s.  6d,  half-bound,  960  pp., 


MANUAL  OF  DATES; 

A  DICTIONARY  OF  REFERENCE 

TO  ALL  THE  MOST  IMPORTANT  EVENTS  IN 

THE  HISTORY  OF  MANKIND  TO  BE  FOUND  IN 

AUTHENTIC  RECORDS. 

BY 

GEORGE  H.  TOWNSEND. 


WITH   A   CAREFULLY  PREPARED  INDEX  AND   LIST   OF 
AUTHORITIES. 


Amorist  the  advantages  that  TO  WNS END'S  MANUAL 
OF  DATES  possesses  over  every  other  similar  work, 
are — 

1 ITS  COMPLETENESS  OF  DETAIL  ;  containing  more  than  750 

Subjects,  and  above  200,000  words  more  than  the  very  best  work 
extant  on  the  subject. 

2.-ITS  RECENT  COMPILATION.    Everything,  up  to  1862,  being 
inserted  in  its  columns. 

3 ITS  AUTHENTICITY.  Everything  being  verified  from  the  ACTUAL 

QUOTED   AUTHORITY. 

1.— ITS  EXTREME  CHEAPNESS.     The  Publishers  looking  to  a 
yearly  increasing  sale  for  their  eventual  remuneration. 


%*  In  order  to  give  the  reader  an  idea  of  the  General 
Character  of  the  Contents  of  this  "  MANUAL  of  DATES," 
the  following  Important  Subjects,  treated  on  in  their 
every  particular,  will  suffice :  — 


Church  History. 
Treaties,  Congresses. 
Counsels,  Administrations. 
Annals  of  all  Nations. 
Sects,  Schools. 
Orders,  Societies. 
Rebellions  and  Civil  Wars. 
Fires  and  Wrecks. 
Famines  and  Plagues. 
Executions,  Public. 
Kings  and  Queens. 
Scientific  Discoveries. 
Mechanical  Inventions. 
Statutes  of  England. 


Wars,  Battles,  Sieges,  &c. 

Social  Customs. 

Customs,  Fashions,  &c. 

Celebrated  Historical  Charac- 
ters. 

General  Censuses. 

Geographical  Discoveries. 

Notable  Events  in  the  History 
of  Towns,  Rivers,  &c. 

Architectural  Edifices. 

Scripture  History. 

Newspapers. 

Railways. 

&c.       &c.       &c. 


KOUTLEDGE,  WARNE,  &  ROUTLEDGE, 

FARRINGDON  STREET. 


STANDARD  SCHOOL  HISTORIES, 

PUBLISHED  BY  MR.  MURRAY. 


HISTORICAL    CLASS    BOOKS. 
THE  STUDENT'S    HUME.     A  History  of 

England  from  the  Earliest  Times.    Based  on  the  History  by  DAVID 
HUME,  corrected  and  continued  to  1858.    40th  Thousand.    Woodcuts. 

PostSvo.    7s.  6(1. 

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m. 
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From  the  Earliest  Times  to  the  Roman  Conquest.    By  WM.  SMITH, 
LL.D.    25th  Thousand.    Woodcuts.    Post  8vo.    7s.  Sd. 

THE    STUDENT'S    HISTORY    OF    ROME. 

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DEAN  LIDDELL.    25th  Thousand.    Woodcuts.  Post  8vo.    7s.  6d. 

V. 
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SMITH,  LL.D.    10th  Thousand.    Woodcuts.   Post  8vo.    7s.  6d. 


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SMITH,  LL.D.   Woodcuts.    Post  8vo.    9*. 

vn. 
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ENGLISH   LANGUAGE.     By  G.  P.  MARSH.     Edited  by  WM. 
SMITH,  LL.D.    PostSvo.    7«.6d. 


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sand.   Woodcuts.    12mo.    6s. 

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LAND.   By  LADY  CALLCOTT.   130th  Thousand.  Woodcuts.  12rao. 

uTitL 

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OF  GREECE.   For  the  Use  of  Junior  Classes.     Woodcuts.     121110. 
3*.  6d. 

VI. 

DR.    WM.    SMITH'S    SMALLER    HISTORY 

OF  ROME.   For  the  Use  of  Junior  Classes.   Woodcuts.    12mo.  3s.  6rf. 

vn. 
DR.    WM.    SMITH'S    SMALLER     HISTORY 

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FABLES.      A    New   Version,   chiefly 

from  Original  Sources.    By  REV.  THOS.  JAMES.    38th  Thousand. 
With  Woodcuts.    1'ostSvo.    2s.  6d. 


Printed  by  GEORGE  ANDREW  8POTTISWOODE,  at  S  New-street  Square,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  City  of  London;  and 
Published  by  GEORGE  BELL,  at  186  Fleet  Street,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Dunstan  in  the  West,  in  the  same  city.— Saturday,  September  26, 1863. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A  MEDIUM  OF  INTER-COMMUNICATION 

FOB 

LITERAKY  MEN,  GENERAL   READERS,   ETC. 


"  When  found,  make  a  note  of.' 


-CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


No.  92. 


SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  3,  1863. 


{Price  Fourpence. 
Stamped  Edition,  Sil. 


Price  6s.  Quarterly;  Annual  Subscription,  prepaid,  21«.  Post  Free. 

THE   HOME   AND    FOREIGN    REVIEW. 
No.  VI.  OCTOBER,  1863 — CONTENTS. 

1.  Gaol  Discipline  in  England  and  Wales. 

2.  The  Irish  Church  Establishment. 

3.  The  Revolution  in  Poland. 

4.  Emigration  in  the  Nineteenth  Century. 

5.  Foundlings. 

6.  George  Eliot's  Novels. 

7.  The  Formation  of  the  English  Counties. 

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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


261 


LONDON,  SATUnDAY,  OCTOBER  3,  1863. 


CONTENTS.— NO.  92. 

NOTES:—  Mrs.  Hemans's  "Forgeries,"  261  — The  Carmi- 
chaels  of  Carspherne,  &c,,  262  —  Shakspeariana :  "The 
Merchant  of  Venice"  —  Shakspeare  Genealogy  —  Shak- 
speare  Jubilee  —  8 hakspeare's  original  Vocation,  Ib. 

MIKOK  NOTES  :  —  William  Law  and  David  Prinsrle  —  Lord 
Hervey's  Memoirs  :  "  duchtich  "  —  Thomas  Gardner  — 
Monumental  Inscription  from  Schiller  —  Singular  State  of 
a  Parish :  Upper  Eldon  —  Dresses  of  Court  Ladies  in  Scot- 
land—Curious Error  in  De  Quincey  —  The  last  Prayer  of 
Beatrice  Cenci,  265. 

QUERIES :  —  Anonymous  —  Archidiaconal  Visitations  in 
Ireland —  Bishops'  Robes  —  Charity  — Coal  —  Crest  — 
William  Crossley  —  Drama  —  Epitaph  at  Ewerby,  co. 
Lincoln  —  Epigram  —  Executions  for  Murder  —  Family 
History  —  Benjamin  Gale  —  Gamier:  "The'orie  ele'men- 
taire  des  Transversales  " — A  Goose  Tenure  —  Half-way 
Tree  and  the  French  Tailor's  Motion  —  N.  Hawksmore  — 
Paul  Jones  —  Duke  of  Kingston's  Regiment,  1745  —  Wil- 
liam Middleton,  Esq.  —  Nottinghamshire  Incumbents  — 
Party  — Peacock  Family,  <fec.,267. 

QUEEIES  WITH  ANSWERS  : —  "  Woo'd  and  married  and  a'  " — 
Book  of  Sports — Theodore  Paleolbgus — Quotation  Wanted 

—  "Pylgrimage  of  Perfection"  —  Eurasian  —  Satirical 
Ballad— "Pastoii  Letters,"  270. 

REPLIES  :  —  Sir  Francis  Drake,  271  —  "  Scoticisms : "  Beat- 
tie  :  David  Hume,  272  —  "  Sharp's  Sortie  from  Gibraltar," 
273  —  Albion  and  her  white  Roses,  274 —  Herod  I.  sur- 
named  the  Great,  275  —  Booterstown,  near  Dublin  —  Saxon 
Sundial  at  Bishopston,  near  Newhaven,  Sussex  —  Aerosta- 
tion—  Court  Costumes  of  Louis  XIII.  —  Prayers  for  the 
Dead — Riddle — Dickens  and  Thackeray — Lady's  Dress 

—  "Miller  of  the  Dee "  —  Quotation  —  Stonehenge  —  Re- 
giomontanus,  Ac.,  276. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


MRS.  HEMANS'S  "FORGERIES." 

In  the  touching  Memoir  prefixed  to  the  col- 
lected edition  of  Mrs.  Hemans's  Works  (Wm. 
Blackwood  &  Sons,  1839)  by  her  equally  gifted 
sister,  the  late  Mrs.  Owen,  who  wedded  some  of 
the  sweetest  lyrics  of  which  the  English  language 
can  boast  to  music  of  a  kindred  character,  there 
is  an  interesting  account  of  a  jeu  d'esprit,  which 
Mrs.  Hemans  used  to  call  her  "  sheet  of  forgeries." 
While  on  a  visit  to  Liverpool,  a  gentleman  re- 
quested her  to  furnish  him  with  some  authorities 
from  the  old  English  writers  for  the  use  of  the 
word  "  barb,"  as  applied  to  a  steed.  She  very 
shortly  supplied  him  with  the  following  imitations, 
for  which  (as  I  have  never  seen  them  noticed 
elsewhere)  you  may  find  a  corner  in  the  pages  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  The  mystification  succeeded  com- 
pletely, and  was  not  discovered  until  some  time 
afterwards :  — 

"  The  warrior  dohn'd  his  well-worn  garb, 

And  proudly  waved  his  crest, 
He  mounted  on  his  jet-black  barb, 

And  put  his  lance  in  rest." 

Percy's  Reliques. 

"  Eftsoons  the  wight,  withouten  more  delay, 
Spurr'd  his  brown  barb,  and  rode  full  swiftly  on  his 
way." —  Spenser. 

"  Hark !  was  it  not  the  trumpet's  voice  I  heard  ? 
The  soul  of  battle  is  awake  within  me ! 


The  fate  of  ages  and  of  empires  hangs 
On  this  dread  hour.     Why  am  I  not  in  arms  ? 
Bring  my  good  lance,  caparison  my  steed ! 
Base,  idle  grooms !  are  ye  in  league  against  me  ? 
Haste  with  my  barb,  or  by  the  holy  saints, 
Ye  shall  not  live  to  saddle  him  to-morrow." 

Massinger. 

"  No  sooner  had  the  pearl-shedding  fingers  of  the  young 
Aurora  tremulously  unlocked  the  oriental  portals  of  the 
golden  horizon,  than  the  graceful  flower  of  chivalry,  and 
the  bright  cynosure  of  ladies' eyes — he  of  the  dazzling 
breast-plate  and  swanlike  plume  —  sprung  impatiently 
from  the  couch  of  slumber,  and  eagerly  mounted  the 
the  noble  barb  presented  to  him  by  the  Emperor  of  As- 
promontania."  —  Sir  Philip  Sidney's  Arcadia. 

"  See'st  thou  yon  chief  whose  presence  seem  to  rule 
The  storm  of  battle  ?     Lo !  where'er  he  moves 
Death  follows.     Carnage  sits  upon  his  crest — 
Fate  on  his  sword  is  throned — and  his  white  barb, 
As  a  proud  courser  of  Apollo's  chariot, 
Seems  breathing  fire."  —  Potter's  jEschylus. 

"  Oh  I  bonnie  look'd  my  ain  true  knight 

His  barb  so  proudly  reining ; 
I  watch'd  him  till  iny  tearfu'  sight 
Grew  amaist  dim  wi'  straining." 

Border  Minstrelsy. 

"  Why,  he  can  heel  the  lavolt  and  wind  a  fiery  barb  as 
well  as  any  gallant  in  Christendom.  He's  the  very  pink 
and  mirror  of  accomplishment." — Shakspeare. 

"  Fair  star  of  beautv's  heaven !  to  call  thee  mine, 

All  other  joys  1  joyously  would  yield ; 
My  knightly  crest,  my  bounding  barb  resign 

.For  the  poor  shepherd's  crook  and  daisied  field; 
For  courts,  or  camps,  no  wish  my  soul  would  prove, 
So  thoa  would'st  live  with  me  and  be  my  love." 

Earl  of  Surrey's  Poems. 

"  For  thy  dear  leve  my  weary  soul  hath  grown 
Heedless  of  youthful  sports :  I  seek  no  more 
Or  joyous  dance,  or  music's  thrilling  tone, 
Or  joys  that  once  could  charm  in  minstrel  lore, 
Or  knightly  tilt  where  steel-clad  champions  meet, 
Borne  on  impetuous  barbs  to  bleed  at  beauty's  feet !  " 
Shakspeare's  Sonnets. 
"  As  a  warrior  clad 

In  sable  arms,  like  chaos  dull  and  sad, 
But  mounted  on  a  barb  as  white 
As  the  fresh  new-born  light, — 

So  the  black  night  too  soon, 
Came  riding  on  the  bright  and  silver  moon, 

Whose-  radiant  heavenly  ark 
Made  all  the  clouds  beyond  her  influence  seem 

E'en  more  than  doubly  dark, 
Mourning  all  widowed  of  her  glorious  beam." 

Cowley. 

The  first  four  lines  of  the  passage  attributed  to 
Massinger  were  selected  by  Cooper,  the  American 
novelist,  as  a  motto  to  one  of  the  chapters  of  his 
Homeward  Bound,  in  which  they  are  given  as  a 
real  quotation  from  the  poet. 

JOHN  PAVIN  PHILLIPS. 

Haverfordwest. 


262 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63. 


THE  CARMICHAELS  OF  CAFSPHERNE, 

AND   THEIR   CONNECTION     WITH    THE    HOUSE    OF  THAT 
ILK. 

In  Burke's  Visitation  of  Seats  and  Arms  in  Great 
Britain,  under  the  head  of  "  Coulthart  of  Coult- 
hart,"  is  given  a  pedigree  with  arms  differing  in 
bearings  from  any  others  ever  assigned  to  the 
name  by  Scottish  Heralds,  purporting  to  manifest 
the  genealogy  of  a  family  whose  connection  with 
the  main  stock  of  Carmichael  I  have  yet  to  learn, 
and  for  information  thereof  1  shall  feel  much  in- 
debted to  any  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q."  And 
first,  as  to  the  arms.  Nisbet  explicitly  declares 
that  the  surname  of  Carmichael  "  beareth  a  fesse 
tortile,  az.  and  gu." ;  but  this  Carspherne  line  is 
made  to  exhibit  quite  another  coat, — "  Arg.  on 
a  bend  cotised  sa.  a  tilting  spear  proper."  The 
similarity  appears  to  be  somewhat  like  that  of 
Monmouth  and  Macedon, — ihefald  being  in  both 
cases  "  argent,"  though  in  some  branches  varied 
to  "  or."  There  is  no  express  statement  that 
the  materials  for  the  arms  and  descent  of  this 
family  are  drawn  from  the  charter-chests  of 
Coulthart,  otherwise,  as  the  chief  of  that  name  is 
enrolled  among  the  Society  of  Antiquaries,  more 
confidence  would  be  placed  in  the  description. 
It  is  remarkable  that  no  attempt  whatever  is 
made  in  the  Visitation  of  Seats  to  account  for  the 
origin  of  the  Carspherne  family,  or  to  connect  it 
with  the  chief  line  in  Clydesdale.  The  discovery, 
such  as  it  is,  was  apparently  reserved  to  Mr. 
Lower,  in  his  Patronymica  Britannica,  s.v.  "  Car- 
michael," where  he  says  it  is  "  a  local  name,  de- 
rived from  a  barony  in  Lanarkshire,  which  was 
held  by  the  family  in  the  twelfth  century,  and 
from  them "  (£.  e.  the  Carmichaels  of  that  ilk) 
"  probably  descended  the  Carmichaels  of  Car- 
spherne. See  Knowles's  Genealogy  of  Coulthart" 
The  work  referred  to  I  have  not  yet  met  with, 
and  should  be  glad  to  know  whether  it  was  pub' 
licly  or  only  privately  printed,  and  if  accessible, 
from  what  sources  it  is  compiled,  and  how  far 
trustworthy.*  I  should  also  like  to  know  where  I 
may  find  evidence  that  the  ancestors  of  the  house 
of  Carmichael  held  the  lands  of  that  name  as  a 
barony  so  early  as  the  twelfth  century,  for  Douglas 
only  gives  William  (he  should  have  said  John)  de 
Carmychel  as  having  a  charter  of  the  lands  of 
Carmichael  from  William,  Earl  of  Douglas  and 

[*  Only  seventy-five  copies  of  this  work  were  printed 
for  private  circulation.  It  is  entitled  "  A  Genealogical 
and  Heraldic  Account  of  the  Coultharts  of  Coulthart  and 
Collyn,  Chiefs  of  the  name,  from  their  first  settlement  in 
Scotland,  in  the  reign  of  Conarus,  to  the  year  of  our  Lord 
1 854 ;  to  which  are  added,  the  pedigrees  of  seven  other 
Families,  that,  through  Heiresses,  became  incorporated 
with  the  House  of  Coulthart.  By  George  Parker  Knowles, 
Genealogist  and  Heraldic  Artist.  Derived  from  the  Fa- 
mily Muniments.  Roy.  8vo,  1855."  The  copy  in  the 
British  Museum  is  printed  on  vellum. — ED.] 


Mar,  then  superior  thereof,  circ.  1350.  But  Burke 
places  at  the  top  of  the  Carspherne  tree  one 
"  Hector  de  Carmichael,  who  grants  the  lands  of 
Craighead,  A.D.  1141,"  from  whom  descends  a 
"  David,  engaged  in  fisheries  on  the  Ayr  Coast " ; 
another  David,  three  generations  lower,  has  a 
son  Robert,  killed  on  the  Bruce's  side  at  Inverury, 
and  another  son,  Walter  (by  a  second  marriage 
with  the  daughter  of  Sir  Jas.  Douglas),  who  mar- 
ries a  Stewart  of  Dalswinton,  and  is  father  of  Sir 
James  Carmichael,  "  called  of  Carspherne  in  a 
mortgage  of  1379."  Sir  James  is  spoken  of  as 
"  distinguished  at  Otterburn,  and  knighted  by 
Robert  II.,"  marrying  Rachel  Ramsay  of  Dal- 
housie,  he  has  an  only  son  Sir  Richard,  "  tenth 
and  last  recorded  heir  male,"  who  weds,  1419, 
Anne,  daughter  of  Sir  David,  Chancellor  of  Quod- 
quan ;  and  having  no  male  issue,  the  representa- 
tion of  his  family  is  carried,  so  runs  the  story, 
into  two  ancient  houses,  by  the  marriage  of  the 
eldest  coheiress  to  Sir  Roger  de  Coulthart,  "  chief 
of  his  name,  contract  dated  St.  Oswald's  Day, 
1447 ; "  while  the  second  daughter  becomes  wife  ot 
"  Gilbert,  son  of  Sir  James  Douglas  of  Louclon, 
ancestor  of  the  Earls  of  Morton,"  between  whose 
family  and  the  Carmichaels  of  Hyndford  there 
was  much  alliance  in  later  days.  I  may  notice 
that  the  motto  "  Toujours  Prest,"  borne  by  that 
Ilk  and  its  branches  is  given  to  the  Carspherne 
line ;  I  know  not  how  far  back  it  can  be  traced 
distinctly.  Moreover,  the  'spear  in  the  crest  is 
borne  "  entire,"  whereas  all  the  other  families  of 
the  name,  being  descended  from  Sir  John  de 
Carmichael,  who  broke  his  lance  against  the 
Duke  of  Clarence  at  the  Battle  ofBeauge,  have  it 
"  broken."  There  has  been  much  variety  in  the 
orthography  of  this  surname.  "  Kirkmichael  "  is 
found  in  the  Scotichronicon ;  "  St.  Michell "  in 
Hume  of  Godscroft.  (Qy.  Was  "  Dominus 
Johannes  de  Scto.  Michaeli,"  A.D.  1296,  also  a 
Carmichael  ?  See  Nisbet,  App.  Ragman  Roll.) 
Pinkerton  says,  in  the  Preface  to  his  Scotch  Poetry, 
that  Caer-michael  (=  Carmichael),  and  Caer- 
lanerock  (=  Carlaverock),  are  two  of  the  oldest 
Celtic  names  in  Scotland  ?  By  Celtic  he  must 
mean  .BrzYo-Celtic,  as  "  Caer"  is  a  Cymric  and 
not  a  Gaelic  form.  CHAS.  H.  E.  CAEMICHAEL. 
The  College,  Isle  of  Cumbrae,  near  Greenock,  N.B. 


"  THE  MERCHANT  OF  VENICE."  • 

In  reply  to  the  remarks  made  on  my  change  of 
table  for  temple,  I  will  observe  that,  be  the  custom 
what  it  might  be  in  the  Middle  Ages,  Shakespeare 
was  no  antiquary ;  and  in  his  plays,  no  matter 


*  3rd  S.  iv.  201. 


BrA  S.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


263 


where  the  scene  lay,  the  manners  are  those  of 
England  in  his  own  time.  Now,  in  the  days  of 
Elizabeth,  the  idea  of  going  to  a  church  to  ad- 
minister an  oath  would  have  been  merely  ridi- 
culous, and  Shakespeare,  with  his  knowledge  of 
law,  would  rather  have  talked  of  going  before  a 
justice  for  the  purpose.  Further,  it  would  ap- 
pear from  Act  II.  Sc.  9,  that  the  oath  was  ad- 
ministered immediately  before  the  choosing  of  the 
casket. 

As  to  what  MR.  SWIFTE  says  of  "  to  the  table  " 
being  "  more  germane  to  the  hospitalities  of  a 
farm-house,"  I  grant  it  would  be  so  in  these 
days ;  but  language  alters,  and  our  ancestors  used 
table  where  we  have  different  phrases.  The  word 
is  used  by  Hamlet,  Macbeth,  and  others  of  our 
poet's  most  exalted  characters.  As  to  MR. 
SWIFTE'S  reading  of  an  "  Indian  deity "  for  an 
"  Indian  beauty"  few,  I  think,  will  adopt  it,  and 
Shakespeare  probably  knew  nothing  of  the  Indian 
deities,  whether  they  were  handsome  or  not.  In- 
stead of  feature  being  merely  "  Ben- Jonsonian  " 
and  "  too  pedantic  for  our  poet,"  I  beg  to  remind 
MR.  SWIFTE  that  our  poet  uses  it  sixteen  times, 
and  always  in  the  sense  of  form,  figure,  person. 
I  doubt  indeed  if  features  was  used  in  his  time  of 
the  traits  of  the  countenance. 

Though  I  acknowledge  that  MR.  SWIFTE'S 
reading  of  "  I  pray  you,  think  you  question  with 
a  Jew,"  may  make  sense,  I  cannot  receive  it.  I 
doubt  if  there  be  an  instance  of  "  think"  em- 
ployed exactly  in  this  manner  in  Shakespeare. 
The  germane  phrase  would  be  "  bethink  you." 
Moreover,  I  doubt  if  Antonio  or  the  poet  would 
cast  such  an  imputation  on  the  whole  of  the  race 
which  had  produced  the  gentle  Jessica.  I  have 
asked  sundry  persons  about  this  passage,  "and 
they  have  all  confessed  that  they  had  never  un- 
derstood it.  I  found  that  "  think  "  was  usually 
taken  in  the  sense  of  imagine,  suppose,  not  of 
recollect,  perpend,  as  by  MR.  SWIFTE.  We  may 
observe  that  the  "  question  "  with  the  Jew  was 
going  on  "  fast  and  furious,"  and  it  was  more 
natural  for  Antonio  to  say  Stop,  than  Reflect, 
to  his  friend. 

"  Britomart  fights  with  many  knights, 
Prince  Arthur  stints  their  strife." — F.  Q.  iv.  9. 

As  to  my  falling  into  the  "  snare  "  set  by  the 
editors  of  the  second  folio,  in  attempting  to  re- 
store lost  words,  I  beg  to  assure  MR.  EAST  that 
I  have  had  too  much  experience  of  printers  not 
to  know  how  they  both  add  and  subtract.  Ex.  gr. 
there  never  was  a  work  more  carefully  read  than 
my  own  Library  Edition  of  the  Poems  of  Milton, 
not  only  by  myself,  but  by  Mr.  J.  E.  Taylor,  the 
printer,  and  a  most  excellent  reader  in  his  office, 
and  yet  we  meet  in  it  the  following  line  — 

"  Flown  the  upper  World ;  the  rest  were  all," 

Par.  Lost,  x.  422, 


where  to  had  been  left  out  after  "  flown  "  ;  and 
yet  it  escaped  us  all.  Further,  in  a  reprint  of 
Fletcher's  Purple  Island,  I  met  the  following 
final  line  of  stanza  xii.  85, — 

"  In  th'  own  fair  silver  shines  and  borrow'd  gold  — 
which  I  corrected  to 

"  In  th'  one  fair  silver  shines  and  fairer ^borrowed  gold ;  " 
and  on.  looking  to  the  original  edition,  I  found  I 
was  right.  I  could  give  many  other  instances  to 
show  that  emendation  is  not  mere  hap-hazard  or 
guess-work.  And  when  we  consider  how  vil- 
lanously  the  Plays  of  Shakespeare  were  printed, 
emendation  both  as  to  sense  and  metre  is  the 
legitimate  task  of  the  critic.  I  agree  with  MR. 
EASY  that  "  we  should  know  the  law  of  versifi- 
cation followed  by  Shakespeare " ;  but  I  believe 
there  is  no  mystery  about  them,  and  that  nothing 
is  easier  than  to  know  them.  I,  however,  utterly 
reject  MR.  EAST'S  system,  which  would  make 
good  verse  of — 

"  An  age  of  poverty,  from  which  ling'ring  penance 
Of  such  mis'ry  doth  she  cut  me  off," 

if  it  were  for  no  other  reason  than  that  of  does 
not  bear  the  metric  ictus.  I  am  finally  of  opi- 
nion that  no  true  poet  ever  wrote  inharmonious 
verse,  or  perhaps  even  an  inharmonious  line.  I 
wish,  by  the  way,  that  our  critics  would  free 
themselves  from  the  decasyllabic  incubus  that 
lies  so  heavily  upon  them.  "  How  often,"  says 
Gifford,  "  will  it  be  necessary  to  observe  that  our 
old  dramatists  never  counted  their  syllables  on 
their  fingers  !  "  He  knew  that  they  proceeded  by 
feet  and  ictus,  and  that  their  verses  often  run  to 
twelve,  thirteen,  and  even  fourteen  syllables, 
while  they  never,  except  at  the  beginning  or  end 
of  a  speech,  contain  less  than  ten.  By  the  way, 
it  is  rather  strange  that  Mr.  Dyce  seems  not  to 
be  aware,  with  all  his  experience,  of  the  fre- 

Siency  of  the  Alexandrine,  or  six-foot  line,  in 
e  old  dramatists. 

I  will  treat  the  critics  now  to  what  is  rather  a 
rarity  —  a  certain  emendation.  In  Measure  for 
Measure,  Act  III.  Sc.  1,  we  read  — 

"  Nips  youth  in  the  head,  and  follies  doth  emmew, 
As  falcon  doth  the  fowl." 

Here  the  critics  write  of  course  a  deal  of  nonsense, 
for  the  fact  is,  it  is  the  falcon,  and  not  the  fowl, 
that  is  emmewed.  The  right  word,  then,  is  enew, 
teaze,  torment,  annoy,  from  ennuyer  (?). 

"  How  presently,  upon  the  landing  of  the  fowl,  she 
[the  falcon]  came" down  like  a  stone,  and  enewed  it,  and 
suddenly  got  up  again,  and  suddenly,  upon  a  second 
landing,  came  down  again,  and  missing  of  it  in  the  down- 
come,  recovered  it  beyond  expectation,  to  the  admiration 
of  the  beholder,  at  a  long  flight." — Nash,  Quaternio,  ap. 
Staunton  on  2  Hen.  VI.  ii.  1. 

That  correction  I  hold  to  be  absolutely  certain, 
and  to  me  the  following  in  the  same  play  is  little 
less  so :  — 


264 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.1 


S.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63. 


"  How  might  she  tongue  me !  Yet  reason  dares  her  no ; 
For  my  authority  bears  of  a  credent  bulk." 

Act  IV.  Sc.  4. 

No  sense  has  been  made  or  can  be  made  of 
"  dares."  I  believe  the  poet  wrote  "  Yet  reason 
says  her  no,"  Says  being  written  in  the  usual 
way  saies,  and  beginning  with  a  long  *,  might 
easily  have  been  taken  for  dares.  Says  her  is 
like  tell  her,  &c.,  with  the  ellipsis  of  the  preposi- 
tion. We  have  already  had  in  this  play  (Act  II. 
Sc.  2)  — 

"  Did  I  not  tell  thee  yea  ?  " 
"  Gaza  is  not  in  plight  to  say  us  nay." 

Sam.  Agon.  v.  1729. 

I  am  also  inclined  to  regard  the  following  as 
nearly  certain :  — 

"  Laf.  Pardon,  my  lord,  for  me  and  for  my  tidings. 
King.  I'll  see  thee  to  stand  up." 

All's  Well,  Act  II.  Sc,  1. 

"  I'll  see  thee,"  is  mere  nonsense ;  and  Pope's 
"  I'll  fee  thee  "  is  little  better ;  and  "  I'll  sue  thee," 
but  so-so.  My  opinion  is,  that  the  poet  wrote 
"  I  beseech  thee ;  "  and  the  ch  having  been  effaced 
in  the  MS.  by  damp,  &c.,  the  printer  took  the 
/  be  for  lie  (the  way  I'll  was  then  written),  and 
so  made  "  lie  see  thee."  I  lately  showed  how 
in  this  way  create  became  eat  in  Hamlet,  Act.  III. 
Sc.  4.  THOS.  KEIGHTLEY. 


Do  manna :  The  Prince  of  Morocco  was  as 
good  a  Catholic  as  General  Othello,  or  the  King 
of  Naples'  Tunisian  son-in-law ;  else  would  the 
heiress  have  negatived  his  chance  of  domiciling 
his  harem  in  Belmont,  and  superseding  her  chap- 
lain by  a  mufti. 

Has  MR.  EASY,  or  any  other  commentator,  ob- 
served in  the  much-sought  Portia,  the  "  nothing 
undervalued  to  Cato's  daughter,"  a  certain  femi- 
nity, which  our  patresfamilias  call  changeable- 
ness,  but  which  Shakspeare's  heart-knowledge 
accounted  perhaps  a  normal  condition  ?  When, 
in  the  protasis  of  this  delightful  drama,  she  and 
her  confidante  (how  unlike  the  yea-and-nay  con- 
fidantes of  French  tragedy !)  are  "  over-naming  " 
her  several  suitors,  a  young  Venetian — he  who 
afterwards  came  in  for  the  casket  prize — is  inci- 
dentally mentioned,  and  her  liking  toward  him 
skilfully  foreshadowed,  the  Moor's  approach  is 
announced ;  her  anticipation  of  whose  southern 
tincture  discredits  his  possible  merit :  "  the  con- 
dition of  a  saint "  will  not  reconcile  her  to  "  the 
complexion  of  a  devil."  At  their  meeting,  Des- 
demona-like,  she  professes  to  see  his  visage  in  his 
mind,  were  it  not  for  her  father's  will,  &c.,  &c. ; 
and,  when  he  misses  in  his  choice,  she  hails  his 
defeat  with  veritable  Northern  anti-negroism:  — 

"  May  all  of  his  complexion  chuse  me  so !  " 
Another  of  this  difficult  lady's  unchancy  wooers 
was  a  Scottish  laird,  whom  she  describes  as  having 


put  up  with  "a  box  of  the  ear"  from  an  English- 
man ;  and  also  with  its  attestation  under  a  French- 
man's hand :  sufficient  reasons  for  her  mislike, 
but  in  the  Caledonian's  instance  not  very  pro- 
bable. The  Merchant  of  Venice  was,  we  know, 
mise  en  scene  in  Elizabeth's  time,  when  the  dispa- 
ragement of  Scotland  and  Scotsmen  was  a  toler- 
ably safe  subject.  But,  I  should  like  to  be 
informed,  was  this  bit  of  national  ill-will — "  reg- 
nante  Jacobo  Primo  atque  Sexto,"  expurgated 
from  the  prompter's  copy  ?  Personally,  it  would 
have  much  annoyed  that  pacific  sovereign,  who 
had  so  many  quiet  ways  of  satisfying  his  dis- 
pleasures. Besides,  a  deserved  imputation  is  al- 
ways more  readily  taken  in  dudgeon  than  an 
undeserved.  The  satirist  who  called  Trajan  a 
tyrant  or  perjurer,  would  have  been  forgiven : 
Tiberius  would  have  swamped  him  in  the  Roman 
Guiana,  or  silently  walked  him  down  the  Ge- 
monian  steps. 

Not  being  rich  in  Shakspearian  records,  I  refer 
me  to  some  well  supplied  and  equally  well  dis- 
posed possessor.  EDMUND  LENTHAL  SWIFTE. 


SHAKSPEABE  GENEALOGY  (3rd  S.  iv.  201.)  — 
All  will  agree  with  your  correspondent  M.  N.  S., 
"  That  the  devices  of  heraldry  are  really  able  to 
lend  substantial  aid  in  the  prosecution  of  biogra- 
phical and  historical  investigation ; "  but  to  ren- 
der these  investigations  helpful  to  truth,  must  not 
the  premises  be  strictly  true  ?  I  would  ask  M.  N. 
S.  and  your  other  readers,  whether,  because  the 
testator,  John  Arden,  was  "  esquire  for  the  body 
to  Henry  VII.,"  he  therefore  "  was  a  gentleman 
(and  esquire),  and  entitled  to  coat  armour  ?  "  I 
would  further  ask,  whether  the  documents  (which 
have  been  published  by  MR.  COLLIER)  show  that 
Robert  Arden  of  Wilmcote  was  not  a  gentleman, 
but  a  "  husbandman  "  only  in  the  year  1550.  Are 
the  words  not  a  gentleman  and  only  the  conclu- 
sions of  M.  N.  S.,  or  are  they  the  words  of  the 
documents  ? 

I  have  read  in  your  pages  of  instances  of  testators 
and  others  styling  themselves  "husbandmen,"  who 
were  undoubtedly  of  gentle  birth,  and  entitled  to 
coat-armour.  It  does  not  follow,  then,  that  "  the 
poet's  pretensions  to  gentle  descent  are  thus  re- 
moved on  the  mother's  side  as  well  as  the  father's." 

C.  W.  B. 

u.  u.  c.  

SHAKSPEARE  JUBILEE. — Can  the  editor,  or  any 
correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  inform  me  where  a 
good  account  can  be  found  of  the  Shakspeare 
Jubilee  at  Stratford-on-Avon  in  the  last  century, 
and  whether  a  list  of  the  distinguished  men  who 
personated  the  different  characters  has  been  pre- 
served ?  It  was  not,  however,  managed  success- 
fully on  the  theatrical  basis,  though  it  had  David 
Garrick  as  manager,  who  — 


3"»  9.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


265 


"...    called  the  world  to  worship  on  the  banks 
Of  Avon,  famed  in  song.    Ah,  pleasant  proof 
That  piety  has  still  in  human  hearts 
Some  place,  a  spark  or  two  not  yet  extinct." 

Cowper's  Task,  book  vi. 

On  that  occasion,  too,  the  words  of  the  beautiful 
glee  were  written  by  Garrick,  and  set  to  music 
by  Dr.  Arne :  — 

"  Thou  soft-flowing  Avon,  by  thy  silver  stream, 
Of  things  more  than  mortal  sweet  Shakspeare  would 

dream ; 

Now  angels  by  moonlight  dance  round  his  green  bed ; 
For  hallowed  the  turf  is  that  pillows  his  head." 

No  doubt  many  contributors  to,  and  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  are  looking  forward  with  pleasure  to 
the  Shakspeare  Commemoration  next  year. 

OXONIENSIS. 

P.S.  Was  any  collection  of  the  odes  recited, 
and  of  copies  of  verses  written  at  the  Jubilee  in 
the  last  century  preserved  ? 


SHAKSPEARE'S  ORIGINAL  VOCATION. — I  recollect 
reading,  with  great  interest,  Mr.  Thoms's  articles 
in  "  N.  &  Q."  entitled,  "  Was  Shakspeare  ever  a 
soldier  ?  "  About  the  same  time  Lord  Campbell 
published  a  book  endeavouring  to  prove  that  the 
poet  had  been  bred  to  the  law ;  an  idea  which 
some  other  writer  had  before  adopted.  Another 
author  brought  forward  evidence  from  his  writings 
that  he  was  educated  for  the  medical  profession. 
Doubtless  from  the  extent  of  knowledge  which  his 
works  display,  there  is  scarcely  an  avocation  of 
which  he  was  not  master ;  and  it  would  be  an  in- 
teresting inquiry,  at  this  particular  time,  when 
preparations  are  being  made  to  celebrate  his  three 
hundredth  birth  day,  to  record  in  your  pages  the 
various  crafts  and  professions  which  from  time  to 
time  have  been  attributed  to  him ;  with  the  titles 
and  dates  of  the  books,  and  the  names  of  the 
authors  who  have  supported  the  several  conjec- 
tures. I  anticipate  an  extensive  catalogue,  and 
both  amusement  and  instruction  to  your  readers. 

EDWARD  Foss. 


WILLIAM  LAW  AND  DAVID  PRINGLE. — In  the 

recent  article  (3rd  S.  iv.  151.)  relative  to  William 
Law,  the  purchaser  of  Lauriston,  it  was  conjec- 
tured that  David  Pringle,  Mr.  Law's  debtor,  was 
a  relation  of  James  Anderson.  Upon  looking 
through  the  large  collection  of  Anderson's  papers 
in  the  Advocates'  Library,  the  correctness  of  the 
supposition  is  verified.  Mr.  Pringle  was  his  bro- 
ther-in-law, and  the  father  of  the  writer  of  the 
following  curious  epistle :  — 

"  Honoured  Sir, 

"  It  is  verey  weell  known  to  yow  and  others,  that  yow 
have  [been"]  Father  to  the  Fatherless  and  a  friend  to  my 


father's  house ;  so  as  yow  have  been,  I  hope  yow  will 
containow.  Yow  know  the  matter  now  in  hand  depends 
most  upon  yow,  whereon  my  chief  hapiness  depends ;  so 
in  your  own  good  time  yow  will  remember  me.  Your 
ever  oblidged  Servant  and  most  affectionate  Nephew, 

"  JAMES  PBINQLE. 
"  Temple,  March  16, 1709. 

"  Having  no  money  at  present,  I  hop  you 
will  consider  your  Servant,  Ja.  Pringle. 

"  Mr.  James  Anderson,  To  be  left  at 
Mr.  Brans,  yat  is,  great 
gate,  near  prive  garden,  Chanell  Roe, 

Westminster.    These." 

The  "  matter  now  in  hand,"  from  another  epistle 
in  the  same  collection,  may  perhaps  relate  to  a 
proposed  marriage  between  Mr.  James  Pringle 
and  Mrs.  Santcolumb :  a  lady  whose  only  objec- 
tion was  her  inamorato's  fancy  for  "  women  and 
wine,"  a  propensity  which  the  fair  one  can  hardly 
be  blamed  for  finding  fault  with.  Her  own  rela- 
tives strongly  objected  to  the  connection,  and 
predicted  nothing  short  of  constant  misery ;  and 
she,  despite  her  deep  love,  had  nearly  arrived  at 
the  same  conclusion.  She  had  no  fortune,  a  fact 
known  to  her  admirer ;  who,  nevertheless,  would 
willingly  have  taken  her  without  a  penny — but, 
alas !  he  was  himself  pretty  much  in  the  same  pre- 
dicament, having  apparently  no  immediate  for- 
tune. He  was,  however,  most  anxious  to  do 
something  for  himself;  and  Anderson,  who  was 
evidently  a  kind-hearted  and  affectionate  man, 
might,  and  probably  did  help  him.  Whether  the 
lady  and  gentleman  made  up  matters  has  not 
been  ascertained.  The  address  to  the  care  of 
"  Mr.  Brans,"  is  meant  to  indicate  Mr.  Thomas 
Brand,  a  respectable  London  tradesman,  with 
whom  Mr.  Anderson  usually  lodged  when  visiting 
London.  J.  M. 

LORD  HERVET'S  MEMOIRS  :  "  DUCHTICH."  —  In 
the  Poetical  Epistle  and  Dramatic  Scenes  at  Court 
by  Lord  Hervey,  the  word  duchtich,  as  he  writes 
it,  occurs ;  upon  which  Croker  remarks :  "  My 
German  friends  are  not  agreed  as  to  the  precise 
import  of  duchtich,  which,  however,  from  its  use 
in  p.  161,  seems  to  mean  shy"  (Lord  Harvey's 
Memoirs,  ii.  148.)  This  word  represents  the 
Hanoverian  pronunciation  of  the  German  word 
tuchtig,  and  means  able,  able-bodied,  stout,  strong,- 
fit,  suitable,  capable,  useful.  Lord  Hervey  was 
not  a  German  scholar,  for  he  also  writes  teufelisch, 
"  teufflish "  (diabolical),  hundsnase,  "  huns-nas," 
feld,  "  felt,"  wechselbalg,  "  weckselbalch,"  and  in- 
troduces other  words  not  to  be  found  in  classical 
Germany ;  but  may  be  such  provincialisms  as  were 
in  occasional  use  by  the  family  of  George  II. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

THOMAS  GARDNER.  —  Mr.  Mackenzie  Walcott, 
in  his  interesting  volume  entitled  The  East  Coast 
of  England,  p.  47,  gives  the  following  quaint 
epitaph  on  Gardner,  the  historian  of  Dunwich,  in 


266 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63. 


Suffolk,  as  still  to  be  seen  in  St.  Edmund's  church, 
Southwold,  over  the  grave  of  Gardner,  who  had 
two  wives,  named  respectively  Honour  and  Vir- 
tue:— 

"Between  Honour  and  Virtue  here  doth  lie, 
The  remains  of  Old  Antiquity.". 

J.  D ALTON. 

MONUMENTAL  INSCRIPTION  FROM  SCHILLER. — 
In  Dr.  Wordsworth's  Journal  of  a  Tour  in  Italy, 
vol.  i.  p.  26  (Rivingtons,  1863),  some  Latin  lines 
are  quoted  from  a  tombstone  at  Lucerne,  and  Dr. 
W.  asks,  "  Are  they  from  an  ancient  hymn  ?  " 

Familiar  as  I  am  from  my  earliest  childhood 
with  the  poets  of  my  country,  I  felt  rather  sur- 
prised at  such  a  suggestion. 

Those  lines  are  a  faithful  translation  of  one  of 
the  best  known  passages  in  Schiller's  Song  of  the 
Bell.  I  beg  to  subjoin  the  original  and  transla- 
tion :  — 

Original. 

"  Dem  dunkeln  Schooss  der  heil'gen  Erde 
Vertrauen  wir  der  Hande  That ; 
Vertraut  der  Silemann  seine  Saat, 
Und  hofft,  dass  sie  entkeimen  werde 
Zum  Segen,  nach  des  Himmels  Hath. 
Noch  kostlicheren  Samen  bergen 
Wir  traurend  in  der  Erde  Schooss, 
Und  hoffen,  dass  er  aus  den  Sargen 
ErblUhen  soil  zu  schonerm  Loos." 

Translation. 

"  Deponit  opus  operator 
In  almis  terras  gremiis ; 
Fovendum  semen  seminator 
Telluris  dat  sacrariis, 
Spe  fisus  germen  oriturum,  profuturum, 
Sub  cffilitum  auspiciis. 
Nos  semen  damus  carius 
Lugentes  terra  fotibus, 
Sperantes  fore  ut  ex  morte 
Cum  meliore  surgat  sorte." 

AGNES  BENSLY. 

SINGULAR  STATE  OF  A  PARISH  :  UPPER  ELDON. 
The  following  report  of  a  case  in  Judges'  Cham- 
bers appeared  in  all  the  daily  papers.  I  would 
suggest  that  it  is  worthy  of  preservation  in 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  and  I  beg  to  hand  it  to  you  for  that 
purpose : — 

"  JUDGES'  CHAMBERS,  AUG.  25, 1863 :  BEFORE 
MB.  JUSTICE  BYLES. 

"  (Extraordinary  Application. — Happy  Parish.  Exparte 
Cousens.) — Mr.  H.  Giffard  appeared  as  counsel  for  a  gen- 
tleman named  Cousens,  and  applied  for  a  writ  of  certiorari 
to  remove  an  order  of  justices  into  the  Court  of  Queen's 
Bench  for  the  purpose  of  having  the  same  quashed  for 
informality.  The  learned  counsel  made  the  application 
under  extraordinary  circumstances.  The  Poor  Law  Act 
required  that  there  should  be  two  overseers,  and  in  this 
case  only  one  had  been  appointed.  There  was  only  one 
house  in  the  parish,  and  only  one  inhabitant. 

"Mr.  Justice  Byles  asked" where  the  parish  was  situate. 

"  Mr.  Giffard  said  it  was  the  .parish  of  Upper  Eldon. 

"  Mr.  Justice  Byles. — You  say  there  must  be  two  over- 
seers, and  there  is  only  one  inhabitant? 

"  Mr.  Giffard  said  that  was  his  point,  and  a  similar  case 
occurred  in  1763,  just  100  years  ago,  in  the  same  parish. 


"  Mr.  Justice  Byles. — And  the  parish  has  not  increased? 

"  Mr.  Giffard.— No,  my  lord.  It  seemed  that  the  parish 
was  near  Southampton.  There  were  no  paupers,  and  the 
object  was  to  form  it  into  a  union  with  other  parishes, 
which  the  overseer  resisted. 

"  His  Lordship  thought  it  was  a  remarkable  case,  and 
granted  an  order  to  remove  the  proceedings  into  the  Court 
of  Queen's  Bench,  to  be  quashed  next  term. 

"  Order  accordinglv." 

T.  B. 

DRESSES  OF  COURT  LADIES  IN  SCOTLAND. — In 
vol.  viii.  of  the  Scotch  Treasury  Accounts,  there 
appear  various  entries  of  payments  for  furnish- 
ing the  ladies  of  the  Court  with  suitable  apparel : 
amongst  the  names  are  those  of  the  Lady  Cowden- 
knowes,  Lady  Callender,  Lady  Duddup,  Lady 
Dirleton,  and  Margaret  of  the  Isles,  &c.  Query, 
Who  was  Margaret  of  the  Isles  ?  Lady  Duddup, 
would  be  a  Schrimgeour  ;  Callander,  a  Livington  ; 
and  Dirleton,  the  wife  of  Lord  Halyburton  of 
Dirleton.  J.  M. 

CURIOUS  ERROR  IN  DE  QUINCEY.  —  I  find  the 
line  occurring  in  Dryden's  famous  character  of 
Zimri,  — 

"  Stiff  in  opinion,  always  in  the  wrong," 

twice  quoted  as  Pope's  by  De  Quincey.  (Leaders 
in  Literature,  1st  ed.  p.  291  ;  and  again,  vol.  xv. 
2nd  ed.  of  De  Quincey 's  Works,  p.  151.)  What 
makes  this  slip  more  remarkable  is  the  fact  that 
in  De  Quincey's  Essay,  Lord  Carlisle  on  Pope, 
there  is  a  long  note  (pp.  44-46)  in  which  this 
passage  of  Dryden's  is  contrasted  with  Pope's 
"  Death  of  the  second  Villiers,  Duke  of  Bucking- 
ham."  E.  D. 

THE  LAST  PRAYER  OF  BEATRICE  CENCI  :  — 

"  Signor  mio,  Tu  sei  ritornato  per  me,  ed  lo,  di  buona 
voglia  ne  vengo,  non  disperando  della  Tua  Miserecordia 
per  il  mio  grave  peccare.  Tu,  per  ricomprare  1'Universo 
spargendo  il  Prezioso  Tuo  Sangue,  ne  avrai  sparsa  qualche 
goccia  per  me,  e  se  Tu  fosti  innocentemente  tanto  vitupe- 
rato,  e  con  tanti  torment!  morto ;  perch  e  lo,  peccatrice, 
non  debbo  abbraciare  si  dolce  morte,  piu  cruda  da  me 
meritata,  che  sono  ora  per  patire,  in  ferma  speranza  di 
esser  Teco,  in  Paradiso,  o',  almeno  in  luogo  di  salute !  " 

I  have  transcribed  this  prayer,  literatim,  from 
an  authenticated  copy  of  the  Vatican  MS.  relat- 
ing to  the  case  of  the  Cenci.  It  has,  I  believe, 
never  been  printed,  notwithstanding  its  touching 
beauty.  The  MS.  states  that  it  was  entirely  com- 
posed by  poor  Beatrice  herself,  unaided  by  any  of 
the  attendant  clergy,  and  uttered  on  the  scaffold 
immediately  before  her  death. 

W.  J.  BERNHARD  SMITH. 
Temple. 


3">  9.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


267 


ANONYMOUS. — 

"  Letters  from  Snowdon :  descriptive  of  a  Tour  through 
the  Northern  Counties  of  Wales.  Containing  the  Anti- 
quities, History,  and  State  of  the  Country;  with  the 
Manners  and  Customs  of  the  Inhabitants.  'Toto  divisos 
orbe  Britannos.'  London :  Printed  for  J.  Ridley,  in  St. 
James's  Street ;  and  W.  Harris,  No.  70,  St.  Paul's  Church 
Yard.  M.DCC.LXX." 

This  book  is  a  small  8vo,  and  contains  twenty 
letters,  besides  the  preface ;  which  consists  of  a 
letter  from  a  "  Friend  to  the  Author,"  and  of  an 
answer  to  the  same  by  the  author  in  the  form  of  a 
letter.  In  Letter  in.,  Giraldus  Cambrensis  is 
characterised  as  "  the  false  and  infamous." 

Who  was  the  author  ?  The  work  is  not  men- 
tioned by  Lowudes.*  LLALLAWG. 

ARCHIDIACONAL  VISITATIONS  IN  IRELAND. — Is 
there  any  later  instance  on  record  of  an  archidi- 
aconal  visitation  in  Ireland  than  that  which  was 
held  by  Archdeacon  Pococke  (the  learned  and 
accomplished  traveller,  and  subsequently  Bishop 
of  Meath)  in  St.  Patrick's  Cathedral,  Dublin,  in 
the  year  1746  ?  ABHBA. 

BISHOPS'  ROBES. — What  is  known  of  the  robes 
worn  by  our  bishops  ?  I  wish  to  know  whether 
the  rochet  —  the  sleeveless  linen  garment  worn 
under  the  chimere  —  is  an  ancient  ecclesiastical 
dress,  and  whether  the  lawn  sleeves  attached  to 
the  chimere,  or  black  satin  robe,  is  part  of  the 
chimere,  or  originally  was  part  of  the  rochet? 
My  own  impression  is,  that  our  present  bishops' 
dress  consists  of  an  outer  sleeveless  coat,  worn 
over  an  alb. 

Was  the  square  cap,  now  carried  in  the  hand  by 
bishops,  worn  by  them  during  divine  service  ?  It 
is  my  impression  that  square  caps  were  worn  as 
parts  of  the  ecclesiastical  dress  by  ministers  gene- 
rally during  their  performance  of  divine  worship. 

J.  B. 

CHARITY. — There  is  a  beautiful  paraphrase  on 
1  Cor.  xiii.  commencing,  I  believe, — 

"Did  sweeter  sounds  adorn  my  flowing  tongue 
Than  ever  man  pronounced  or  angel  sung." 

Who  wrote  it,  and  where  may  it  be  found  ? 

WYNNE  E.  BAXTER. 

COAL.  —  I  have  a  faint  recollection  of  having 
heard  the  late  Dr.  Buckland  state  that  he  once 
had  ventured  to  say,  that  if  certain  persons  ever 
found  coal  at  Oxford,  he  would  eat  the  first  lump, 
or  words  to  that  purpose.  What,  then,  is  the 
meaning  of  this  line,  taken  from  a  Geological 

[*  This  work  is  attributed  to  Joseph  Cradock,  Esq.  by 
Watt,  as  well  as  by  the  editor  of  the  Bodleian  Catalogue. 
This  is  clearly  an  error,  as  in  the  Preface  to  the  second 
edition,  1777,  an  allusion  is  made  to  the  death  of  the 
author.  Mr.  Cradock  died  on  Dec.  15,  1826.— ED.] 


Primer,  extracted  into  the  Literary  Gazette  for 
1820,  p.  187? 

"C  was  King  Coal,  of  Oxford  the  pride." 
Was  that  written  at  the  time  when  "  certain  per- 
sons "  were  in  search  of  that  black  diamond  in  the 
locality  of  Oxford,  and  were,  I  believe,  thoroughly 
unsuccessful  ?  W.  P. 

CREST.  —  By  what  family  is  the  following  crest 
borne :  in  front  of  a  branch,  erect,  sprouting,  a 
lion  couchant  ?  CARILFORD. 

Cape  Town. 

WILLIAM  CROSSLEY,  engineer,  projected,  in  or 
about  1793,  a  canal  from  Pickering  to  Whitby. 
Additional  particulars  with  respect  to  him  are 
desired.  S.  Y.  R. 

DRAMA. — 1.  A  MS.  play  called  "The  Custom 
of  the  Isle,  or  Matrimonial  Escapes,"  was  sold 
among  the  MSS.  in  the  library  of  James  Boswell 
(son  of  Johnson's  biographer).  Is  this  a  modern 
play,  and  is  it  known  who  was  the  author  ? 

2.  E.  McCarthy,  author  of  The  Battle  of  Water- 
loo, a  dramatic  sketch,  Buckingham,  1815.     Can 
you  give  me  any  account  of  this  author  ? 

3.  Who  is  the  author  of  three  dramas,  viz.  The 
Ball   Ticket,    The   Mysterious   Packet,    and    The 
Heiress   of  False  Indulgence,   London,  Rodwell, 
1814?  R.  INGLIS. 

EPITAPH  AT  EWERBY,  co.  LINCOLN.  —  On  a 
white  marble  tablet  in  the  chancel :  — 

"  Sacred  to  the  memory  of  EMILY  GEORGIANA,  the 
beloved  wife  of  GEOKGE  WILLIAM,  EARL  OF  WINCH  IL- 
3EA  and  Nottingham,  who  died  July  the  10th,  1848, 
aged  39  years. 

"  When  the  knell  rung  for  the  dying, 

Soundeth  for  me, 
And  my  corse  coldly  is  lying 

'Neath  the  green  tree, —  „ 

"  When  the  turf  strangers  are  heaping 

Covers  my  breast, 
Come  not  to  gaze  on  me  weeping : 
I  am  at  rest. 

"  All  my  life  cold  and  sadly 
The  days  have  gone  by ; 
I,  who  dream'd  wildly  and  madly, 
Am  happy  to  die. 

t"  Long  since  my  heart  hath  been  breaking ; 

Its  pain  is  past : 

A  time  has  been  set  to  its  aching : 
Peace  comes  at  last. 

I  copy  this  from  the  Stamford  Mercury  of  the 
10th  of  July  last,  where  it  is  added,  "  It  is  under- 
stood at  Ewerby  that  the  verses  were  written  by 
Lady  Emily  herself  when  on  her  death-bed.  Is 
this  assertion  likely  to  be  correct  ?  or  are  the 
lines  recognizable  as  a  quotation  ?  The  lady  was 
the  second  wife  of  the  late  Earl  of  Winchelsea 
and  Nottingham,  who  died  in  1858  ;  and  second 
daughter  of  the  Right  Hon.  Sir  Charles  Bagot. 
She°was  married  in  1837,  and  died  without  issue 
in  1348.  N.  H.  S. 


268 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


'd  S.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63. 


EPIGRAM.  —  The  reviewer  (Gentleman's  Maga- 
zine for  August  1844)  of  Tooke's  Life  and  Poems 
of  Charles  Churchill,  3  vols.,  in  adding  a  few  ob- 
servations of  bis  own,  which  had  escaped  Tooke, 
mentions  Dr.  Smith,  Master  of  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge,  known  by  his  Treatise  on  Optics.  In 
allusion  to  this  work  Gray  wrote  his  severe  and 
caustic  epigram  on  him,  beginning  — 

"  What's  the  reason  old  Fobus  has  cut  down  yon  tree," 
&c.  &c. 

I  have  looked  carefully  through  Mason's  Me- 
moirs of  Gray's  Life  and  Writings,  4  vols.  1778, 
for  this  epigram,  but  cannot  find  it.  Perhaps 
some  of  your  correspondents  would  be  able  to 
furnish  the  remaining  lines,  for  one  only  is  given 
by  the  reviewer.  This  was  same  Dr.  Smith  who 
bequeathed  two  annual  prizes  of  151.  to  be  awarded 
to  bachelors  of  arts,  who  had  shown  the  greatest 
advancement  in  mathematics  and  natural  philo- 
sophy. These  bachelors  are  called,  as  Cambridge 
men  well  know,  "  Smith's  prizemen." 

J.  BOOTH. 

Bromyard. 

EXECUTIONS  *OR  MURDER.  —  Can  any  of  your 
correspondents  refer  me  to  a  source  whence  I  may 
learn  the  number  of  executions  that  have  taken 
place  for  murder  since  the  year  1839,  with  the 
calling  or  profession  of  the  person  murdered,  and 
the  county  in  which  the  murder  was  perpetrated? 
Or  where  can  I  find  the  names  of  police  constables 
who  have  been  murdered  (and  the  counties  or 
divisions  to  which  they  severally  belonged)  since 
the  establishment  of  the  rural  force  in  1839  ?  A 
list  of  executions  in  Suffolk  which  has  lately  come 
into  my  hands,  records  the  executions  of  two  men, 
one  Jan.  25,  1845,  the  other  "April  14,  1863,  for 
the  murders  of  two  policemen,  both  belonging  to 
one  division,  the  East  Suffolk  Constabulary,  which 
musters,  including  the  chief  constable,  117  officers 
and  men.  I  cannot  help  thinking  this  is  a  high 
average,  whether  we  consider  the  number  of  con- 
stables, or  the  acreage,  or  the  population  of  the 
district  in  which  they  are  allocated,  and  I  wish  to 
compare  it  with  other  parts  of  the  kingdom.  If 
collective  information  is  not  to  be  had,  perhaps 
some  of  your  correspondents  may  kindly  .favour 
me  with  accounts,  each  for  his  county  or  division. 
I  may  add  that  not  one  policeman  of  the  West  Suf- 
folk constabulary  has  been  murdered  since  the 
establishment  of  that  force.  J.  P.  D. 

FAMILY  HISTORY. — Wanted  any  information  as 
to  ancestry  or  arms  about  any  of  the  undermen- 
tioned families :  — 

1.  Cook(e),  Allworth.     Henry  Cook(e)  married 
Ann  Allworth  at  Stoke-by-Nayland,  co.  Suffolk, 
Nov.  8,  1705. 

2.  Keningale    (of   Milden,    near    Lavenham). 
Mary  Keningale  married  John  Cook  of  Holton 
Hall,  near  Stratford  St.  Mary,  grandson  of  the 


above  Henry  Cook(e).  She  was  brought  up  by 
an  uncle  Benjamin  Keningale  of  Wisten  Hall, 
near  Stoke. 

3.  Campbell:    Marven   or  Marvin.     How   Sir 
Thomas   Campbell,   Lord   Mayor   of  London  in 
1609,  was  connected  with  the  family  of  Marven. 

4.  Syer  (of  Hadleigh,  co.  Suffolk).      K.  R.  C. 

BENJAMIN  GALE,  a  native  of  Aislaby,  near 
Whitby  is  referred  to  in  1829  as  an  eminent 
artist  then  living  at  a  very  advanced  age.  I  shall 
be  glad  of  information  as  to  him  and  his  works. 

S.  Y.  R. 

GARNIER  :  "  THKORIE  ELEMENTAIRE  DBS  TRANS* 
VERSALES."  —  In  the  second,  third,  and  fourth 
tomes  of  Quetelet's  Correspondance  Mathematique 
et  Physique,  I  find  a  series  of  papers  "  par  M. 
Gamier,  Professeur  a  1'Universite  de  Gand,"  re- 
lating to  a  work  of  his  on  Transversals,  which  he 
announced  as  ready  for  publication.  Has  this 
work  ever  appeared ;  and  if  so,  where  may  a  copy 
be  inspected  ?  T.  T.  W. 

A  GOOSE  TENURE.  —  I  extracted  the  following 
from  one  of  the  newspapers  a  few  weeks  ago ;  and 
as  this  curious  tenure  is  referred  to  in  some  MS. 
notes  sent  me  by  a  friend  who  is  now  on  his 
travels,  I  should  be  glad  to  be  referred  to  any 
source  of  information  on  the  subject.  The  date 
and  other  particulars  of  its  origin  would  be  ac- 
ceptable :  — 

"  The  Jews  of  Presburg,  in  Hungary,"  says  the  Aus- 
trian Gazette,  "  were  allowed  to  present  two  geese  to  the 
Emperor  of  Austria,  at  Vienna.  The  geese  were  decked 
with  ribbons  of  black  and  yellow,  the  Austrian  colours ; 
and  of  red,  green,  and  white,  the  Hungarian.  The  obli- 
gation of  making  this  present  about  St.  Martin's  day  was 
imposed  on  the  Jews  of  Presburg  at  the  time  of  the  con- 
quest of  Hungary  by  the  Magyars." 

T.  B. 

HALF-WAY  TREE  AND  THE  FRENCH  TAILOR'S 
MOTION.  —  Ben  Jonson's  amusing  epigram,  en- 
titled "  On  English  Monsieur,"  contains  two  allu- 
sions, which  perhaps  your  readers  can  elucidate  for 
me.  In  the  first,  the  poet  is  commenting  upon  the 
strangeness  that  so  -many  productions  of  the  taste 
of  France,  the  scarf,  the  hat  and  feather,  the  shoe 
and  tie,  and  the  garter,  should  be  found  upon  one 
whose  face  durst  never  be  toward  the  sea 

"  farther  than  half-way  tree." 

Where  stood  the  half-way  tree  ?  There  used  to 
be,  perhaps  still  is,  a  half-way  house  on  the  road 
between]  London  and  Greenwich ;  has  Jonson's 
allusion  any  connection  with  that  place,  or  with 
any  other  spot  now  known,  on  the  road  between 
London  and  Dover  ? 

The  other  allusion  is  more  definite.  The  poet 
affects  to  doubt,  whether  the  foppish  gentleman 
who  was  his  subject,  were  not,  after  all,  a  statue. 
"  No  !  "  he  exclaims, 

"  'T  doth  move,  and  stoop,  and  cringe." 


5**  S.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


269 


These  fantastic  movements  lead  to  the  conclusion 

with  which  the  poem  ends, — 

"  It  needs  must  prove 

The  new  French  tailor's  motion,  monthly  made, 
Daily  to  turn  in  Paul's,  and  help  the  trade." 

Can  those  of  your  readers  who  are  well  read  in 
Jacobean  literature  point  out  any  other  allusions 
to  this  strange  ornament  of  Paul's  Walk,  this  sub- 
stitute for  the  moveable  figures  which  now  show 
forth  the  productions  of  bodice-makers,  and  the 
excellence  of  the  works  of  hair  dyers,  and  perhaps 
of  some  other  tradespeople  ?  JEBNORUCH. 

N.  HAWKSMOBE.  • —  Being  interested  in  a  new 
memoir  of  this  celebrated  architect,  who  died  1736, 
in  London,  I  venture  to  inquire,  through  your 
valuable  pages,  whether  any  descendants  exist  who 
can  furnish  further  information  than  is  already 
printed.  He  had  not  a  son.  His  only  daughter, 
Elizabeth,  married  a  Philpot,  and  then  a  Blacker- 
by,  both  before  his  death.  The  "family"  sup- 
plied the  account  for  Chalmers's  Biographical 
Dictionary,  but  that  was  early  in  the  present  cen- 
tury, and  it  conveys  but  few  of  the  particulars  I 
am  anxious  to  arrive  at.  Have  any  of  his  draw- 
ings got  into  the  possession  of  private  individuals? 
Some  few  are,  I  believe,  at  Oxford. 

WYATT  PAPWORTH. 

PAUL  JONES. — In  noticing  this  worthy,  and  his 
buccaneering  and  piratical  exploits,  I  must  not 
omit  that  this  day  (Sept.  23)  is.  the  eighty-fourth 
anniversary  of  his  capture  of  the  "  Serapis,"  which 
raised  him  to  the  highest  pinnacle  of  his  transitory 
glory.  My  object,  however,  is  to  recur  to  one 
of  his  earlier  predatory  achievements  with  the 
"Ranger"  privateer;  viz.,  his  landing  on  Thurs- 
day morning,  April  23,  1778,  at  St.  Mary's  Isle, 
Kirkcudbright,  the  seat  of  Dunbar  Douglas,  fourth 
Earl  of  Selkirk,  and  the  plundering  the  house  of 
all  the  family  plate.  It  is  said  his  principal  object 
was  to  seize  upon  the  person  of  the  Earl,  and  to 
take  him  off  as  his  prisoner,  but  if  that  were  his 
design,  the  Eurl  being  in  London,  it  was  frus- 
trated. The  Countess  (who  was  Helen  Hamilton 
of  the  Haddington  family)  was  alone  there  with 
her  children  and  servants ;  far  from  being  alarmed, 
she  received  Jones's  party  most  heroically,  and 
upon  their  demanding  the  keys  of  the  plate  closet, 
she  caused  them  to  be  delivered  up  to  the  ma- 
rauders, who,  having  taken  all  the  household  and 
family  plate  they' could  find,  packed  it  up,  and  re- 
embarking  with  their  commander  in  the  "Ranger," 
set  sail.  It  is  well  known  that  when  the  freebooters 
had  departed,  the  Countess  sat  down  and  made  a 
record  of  all  the  circumstances  of  this  incursion 
exactly  as  they  transpired,  and  of  this  she  sent 
copies  to  one  or  two  of  her  most  particular  friends 
by  letter ;  and  I  have  understood  one  of  these 
communications  has  been  recopied  several  times, 
and  perhaps  also  published.  Will  any  reader  of 


"N.  &  Q."  obligingly  state  how,  if  published,  or 
otherwise,  I  can  obtain  a  sight  of  this  interesting 
historical  document,  which  it  is  desirable  should 
be  generally  known,  were  it  only  as  conducing  to 
the  character  of  a  noble-minded  and  magnanimous 
lady.  LOYAL. 

DUKE  OF  KINGSTON'S  REGIMENT,  1745.  —  In 
the  '45  rebellion,  the  Duke  of  Kingston  raised  a 
troop  of  horse  for  the  government.  Is  any  list  of 
those  who  composed  it  extant,  or  any  account  of 
its  services  ?  XP. 

WILLIAM  MIDDLETON,  ESQ.,  a  native  of  Borough- 
bridge,  who  in,  and  for  several  years  subsequently 
to  1814,  resided  at  Esk  Hall,  near  Whitby,  died 
in  1842,  and  was  buried  at  New  Malton.  He 
furnished  the  greater  part  of  the  Botanical  Cata- 
logue given  in  Young's  History  of  Whitby ;  and  I 
am  assured  that  he  also  published  a  botanical 
work  in  French.  Particulars  as  to  this  work  will 
greatly  oblige.  S.  Y.  R. 

NOTTINGHAMSHIRE  INCUMBENTS.  —  Where  can 
I  find  a  list  of  the  incumbents  of  Palethorpe  or 
Peverelthorpe,  in  the  county  of  Notts,  or  of  any 
other  parishes  in  the  deanery  of  Retford  ?  XP. 

PARTY. — The  saying  "  Party  is  the  madness  of 
many  for  the  gain  of  a  few,"  has  become  a  pro- 
verb. It  is  found,  but  applied  not  strictly  to 
Party,  but  to  Party-s/nni,  at  the  end  of  Pope's 
first  Letter  to  Blount.  (Works,  ed.  Warton, 
1822,  viii.  6.) 

Is  this  the  first  place  where  it  occurs  ? 

LYTTELTOK. 

Hagley,  Stourbridge. 

PEACOCK  FAMILY.— William  Peacocke  of  Scotter, 
co.  Lincoln,  was  buried  at  that  place  on  Jan.  12, 
1611-12.  His  widow  Margaret  survived  but  a 
few  weeks,  as  she  was  buried  on  Feb.  28,  of  the 
same  year.  I  am  anxious  to  know  Margaret's 
maiden  name,  and  the  place  and  date  of  her  mar- 
riage. 

William  Peacock,  grandson  of  the  above,  was 
baptised  at  Scotter,  March  22,  1611-12,  and  buried 
in  Scotter  church,  Sept.  28,  1644.  His  widow, 
Florence,  survived  her  husband  until  May  18, 
1661.  What  was  her  maiden  name,  and  when 
and  where  was  she  married  ? 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

Bottesford  Manor,  Brigg. 

PHELPS  FAMILY.  —  Will  Mr.  Edward  Peacock, 
the  editor  of  The  Army  Lists  of  the  Roundheads 
and  Cavaliers,  kindly  inform  me  whether  he  has 
met  with  the  name  of  Thomas  Phelps,  who,  my 
family  tradition  says,  was  a  captain  in  Cromwell's 
army  in  Ireland?  In  "  N.  &  Q.,"  1st  S.  x.  530, 
there  is  an  answer  to  a  query  I  made  relative  to 
this  said  Thomas  Phelps,  which  was  kindly  an- 
swered by  the  much  lamented  antiquary,  JAMES 
F.  FERGUSON,  of  Dublin. 


270 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8«»  S.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63. 


I  should  be  also  thankful  to  your  correspondent 
"  on  Robert  Anderson  "  (3rd  S.  iv.  34),  if  he  can 
tell  me  who  the  Mr.  Phelps  was  who  sang  the 
ballad  of  u  Lucy  Grey,"  at  Vauxhall,  in  the  year 
1794.  Jos.  LLOYD  PHELPS. 

Edgbaston.       • 

PISCINJE  NEAR  ROODLOFTS.  —  The  church  of  the 
Blessed  Virgin  at  Maxey,  Northamptonshire,  is 
being  restored.  The  masons  have  just  bared  a 
trefoil-headed  (decorated)  piscina  in  a  spandril 
of  the  Norman  nave,  fourteen  feet  from  the  ground 
floor.  Two  openings  to  the  rood  loft  remain,  one 
on  either  side  of  the  chancel  arch,  and  it  is  near 
the  opening  on  the  south  side,  where  this  piscina 
was  found.  There  must  have  been  an  altar  here. 
Has  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  seen  a  piscina  in  a 
similar  position  ?  As  far  as  my  experience  extends, 
this  at  Maxey  is  unique.  STAMFORDIENSIS. 

ROMAN  CONSISTORY  ON  HENRY  VIII.  —  Can  you 
tell  me  where  to  see,  or  if  in  the  British  Museum 
what  under,  the  pleadings  before  the  Roman  Con- 
sistory, in  Queen  Katherine  v.  Henry  VIII.  ?  A 
few  copies  were,  I  believe,  printed  at  Rome,  and 
given  to  the  members  of  the  consistory,  one  may 
have  found  its  way  here.  N.  W. 

SIR  THOMAS  DE  VEIL.  —  In  one   of  the  MS. 
volumes  of  Miscellanea  given  to  the  British  Mu- 
seum by  Professor  Ward,  is  the  following  trifle  :  — 
"  Sir  Thomas  de  Veil  thinks  it  proper  to  tell, 
That  summonses  signed  by  Sir  Thomas  de  Veil, 
Which  Sir  Thomas  de  Veil"  never  thought  should  be  sent, 
Were  left  where  Sir  Thomas  de  Veil  never  meant  ; 
These  Sir  Thomas  de  Veil  thought  it  tit  to  repeal, 
As  witness  his  writing  —  Sir  Thomas  de  Veil." 

Is  it  known  whose  these  lines  are,  and  to  what 
they  refer  ? 

JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WOHKARD,  M.A. 


—  AMELIA.  —  I  find  in  Domestic  Life  in 
Palestine  the  following  passage,  p.  46  :  — 

"  It  is  the  universal  custom  in  the  East,  for  a  mother 
to  take  the  name  of  her  first-born  son,  with  the  prefix  of 
urn,  mother  ;  such  as  urn  Ellas,  mother  of  Elias  ;  or  um 
Elia,  mother  of  Eli  (whence  perhaps  came  such  names  as 
.Emma,  .Emily,  and  Amelia,"  &c.) 


Is  this  supposition  correct  ? 


JOHN  DAVIDSON. 


"  WOO'D  AND  MARRIED  AND  A'." — In  case  you 
should  overlook  the  appeal  made  to  you  by  the 
"  London  Recluse,"  whose  pleasant  "  Recreations" 
are  printed  in  this  month's  Fraser,  permit  me  to  call 
your  attention  to  it :  for  I  share  with  him  a  de- 
sire to  know  how  the  quaint  old  ballad  —  "Woo'd 
and  married  and  a'" — there  quoted  by  the  "Re- 
cluse," was  brought  to  an  end.  Is  it  in  print  ? 


And  if  so,  can  you  furnish  us  with  the  missing 
verse  or  verses. 

A  CONSTANT  READER  OF  FHASER. 

[The  ballad  inquired  for  by  our  correspondent,  some- 
times entitled  "  The  bride  cam'  out  o'  the  byre/'  is  printed 
in  Herd's  Collection ;  and  with  the  music  in  Robert 
Chambers's  Songs  of  Scotland  prior  to  Burns,  p.  206,  et 
seq.  The  following  verses  conclude  the  ballad :  — 

"  Out  and  spake  the  bride's  brither, 

As  he  came  in  wi'  the  kye ; 
'  Poor  Willie  wad  ne'er  hae  ta'en  ye, 

Had  he  ken t  j'e  as  weel  as  I ; 
For  ye're  both  proud  and  saucy, 
And  no  for  a  poor  man's  wife : 
Gin  I  canna  get  a  better, 
I'se  ne'er  take  ane  i'  my  life.' 

"  Out  and  spake  the  bride's  sister, 
As  she  came  in  frae  the  byre ; 
'  0  gin  I  were  but  married, 

It's  a'  that  I  desire : 
But  we  poor  folk  maun  live  single, 

And  do  the  best  that  we  can ; 
I  dinna  care  what  we  shou'd  want, 
If  I  cou'd  but  get  a  man.' "] 

BOOK  OF  SPORTS. — Will  you,  or  some  of  your 
readers,  kindly  inform  me  when  this  book  was 
issued?  Was  an  edition  issued  in  the  time  of 
Charles  II.  ?  ANTIQUUS. 

[The  original  edition  of  the  Book  of  Sports  was  pub- 
lished by  King  James  I.  in  1618,  on  account  of  a  petition 
presented  to  him  on  his  return  from  Scotland  in  1617  by 
.the  people,  chiefly  the  lower  classes,  who  were  desirous  of 
Sunday  amusements.  The  first  edition  is  of  the  greatest 
rarity.  The  second  edition,  published  by  King  Charles  I., 
with  his  ratification  added,  is  also  of  great  rarity.  The 
copy  in  the  British  Museum  came  from  Mr.  Maskell's 
collection.  This  edition  has  been  reprinted  in  the  Har- 
leian  Miscellany,  and  in  The  Phcenix,  vol.  i.  In  1860, 
Mr.  Bernard  Quaritch  of  Piccadilly  printed,  upon  tinted 
paper,  100  copies  of  an  exact  reprint  of  the  original  edi- 
tion, a  literary  and  historical  curiosity.  No  edition  was 
published  during  the  reign  of  Charles  II.  To  complete 
the  bibliographical  account  of  this  book,  may  be  added, 
"  A  Brief  Defence  of  the  several  declarations  of  James  I. 
and  Charles  I.  concerning  lawful  recreations  on  Sundays, 
commonly  call'd  The  Book  of  Sports,  against  the  cavils  of 
puritans  and  phanaticks ;  with  a  true  and  original  copy 
of  the  said  Declaration,  4to,  1708."  See  also,  The  Book  of 
Sports,  set  forth  by  James  I.  and  Charles  I.,  with  Ke- 
marks  upon  the  same  [in  vindication  of  King  Charles  I.], 
4to,  Lond.  1709.] 

THEODORE  PALEOLOGCS. — The  following  para- 
graph was  taken  from  an  advertisement  in  an  old 
London  paper  of  about  sixty  years  ago.  "  To 
be  sold  in  Devonshire,  a  capital  Barton.  Theodore 
Paleologus,  the  lineal  descendant  of  the  Greek  Em- 
perors, lived  and  died  in  the  house."  I  should  be 
glad  to  know  if  any  correspondent  residing  in 
Devonshire  or  elsewhere  can  say  where  the  house 
was  situated  in  which  this  person  lived  and  died  ? 

P.   HuTCHINSON. 

[Theodore  Paleologus  lived  and  died  at  Clifton,  in  the 
'parish  of  Landulph,  Cornwall  (not  Devonshire).  Clifton 
was  the  mansion  of  the  Arundels  till  about  the  vear  1620, 


3rd  S.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


271 


It  is  probable  that  it  afterwards  belonged  to  the  Killi- 
grews,  as  it  was  in  the  successive  possession  of  Sir 
Nicholas  Lower  and  Sir  Reginald  Mohun,  who  married 
the  daughters  of  Sir  Henry  Killigrew.  Clifton,  which 
was  inherited  by  the  Mohuns,  was  sold,  after  the  death  of 
the  last  Lord  Mohun,  to  Thomas  Pitt,  Esq.,  grandfather 
of  the  first  Lord  Camelford,  and  having  passed  with 
other  estates  in  this  county  to  Lady  Grenville,  was  pur- 
chased in  1807  by  the  Rev.  Francis  Vyvyan  Jago,  Rector 
of  Landulph.  Vide  Lysons's  Cornwall,  Hi.  172 ;  and 
Archaologia,  xviii.  90."] 

QUOTATION  WANTED. — In  some  play  of  modern 
date,  if  I  am  not  mistaken,  a  servant  is  introduced 
asking  permission  to  go  and  see  a  friend.  His 
master  is  so  pleased  with  the  idea  of  a  friend,  hav- 
ing never  in  his  life  met  one,  that  he  volunteers  to 
go  and  look  at  him  himself,  though  it  is  a  wet 
and  cold  night.  A  reference  to  this  scene  would 
greatly  oblige.  Jos.  HARGROVE. 

Clare  Coll.,  Cambridge. 

[We  think  our  correspondent  will  find  the  friendly  col- 
loquy in  the  following  lines  from  Cowper's  Epistle  to 
Joseph  Hill,  Esq. :  — 

"  Horatio's  servant  once,  with  bow  and  cringe, 
Swinging  the  parlour  door  upon  its  hinge, 
Dreading  a  negative,  and  overawed 
Lest  he  should  trespass,  begg'd  to  go  abroad. 
'  Go,  fellow !  whither  ? '  —  turning  short  about  — 
'  Nay,  stay  at  home !  you're  always  going  out.' 
'  Tis  but  a  step,  sir ;  just  at  the  street's  end.' 
'  For  what  ? '    '  An't  please  you,  sir,  to  see  a  friend.' 
'  A  friend ! '  Horatio  cried,  and  seem'd  to  start, 
'  Yea,  marry  shalt  thou,  and  with  all  my  heart. 
And  fetch  my  cloak ;  for,  though  the  night  be  raw, 
I'll  see  him  too  —  the  first  I  ever  saw.' "] 

"  PYLGRIMAGE  OF  PERFECTION." — Is  the  fol- 
lowing Work,  —  "  printed  at  London  in  Flete 
Streete,  besyde  Saynt  Dunstan's  Churche,  by 
Richarde  Pynson,  Prlter  to  the  Kynge's  noble 
Grace.  Cu  privilegio,  Anno  Domini,  1526,"  of 
any  particular  value  or  rarity  ?  — 

"  Here  begynneth  a  devout  treatyse  in  Englysshe, 
called  the  Pylgrimage  of  Perfection :  very  profitable  for 
all  Christen  people  to  rede,  and  in  especial],  to  all  rely- 
gious  p'sons  moche  necessary." 

W.  H.  L. 

Fulham. 

[This  is  certainly  an  uncommon  book ;  and  from  the 
omission  of  any  price  in  Lowndes,  it  would  seem  that  it 
had  not  turned  up  at  a  book  sale  of  late  years.  It  is 
fully  described  in  Herbert's  Ames,  i.  182,  275.  Herbert 
adds,  "  I  do  not  find  the  author's  name  mentioned  any 
where  in  this  book ;  but  in  a  little  treatise  entitled  '  A 
Dayly  Exercise  and  Experience  of  Deathe,  by  Richard 
Whytforde,  the  olde  wretche  of  Syon,  printed  by  Rob. 
Redman,'  William  Bonde,  a  bacheler  of  devinyte,  and  one 
of  his  devoute  bretherne  lately  departed,  is  cited  as  the 
author  of  The  Pylgrimage  of  Perfection.] 

EURASIAN. — Within  the  last  two  or  three  years 
this  word  has  frequently  come  before  me  in 
reading  books  or  newspapers  relating  to  India. 
Is  the  word  a  new  one  ?  What  does  it  mean,  and 
what  is  its  etymology  ?  I  believe  it  is  used  to 
designate  a  person,  the  offspring  of  an  European 


father  and  a  native  mother.     Is  this  its  precise 
signification  ?  J. 

[The  word  occurs  in  the  Supplement  to  Ogilvie's  Im- 
perial Dictionary :  "  Eurasian,  n.  or  a.  A  contraction  of 
European  and  Asian.  In  India,  a  term  applied  to  chil- 
dren born  of  European  parents  on  the  one  side,  and 
Asiatic  parents  on  the  other  side."] 

SWING.  —  In  a  leader  of  The  Times  of  Nov.  21, 
1859,  the  following  sentence  is  used:  "Excesses 
of  the  Luddites  and  Swing."  The  Luddites  are 
well  remembered  in  this  locality,  but  I  can  get  no 
explanation  of  "  Swing."  Will  you  aid  me  ? 

GEORGE  LLOYD. 

Thurstonland. 

[The  cognomen  Swing  was  connected  with  a  novel 
species  of  outrage  in  the  agricultural  districts  of  Eng- 
land during  the  autumn  of  1830.  Night  after  night 
fires  were  lighted  up  by  bands  of  incendaries,  when  corn- 
stacks,  barns,  farm-buildings,  and  live  stock  were  indis- 
criminately consumed.  These  fires  were  began  by  revo- 
lutionary propagandists,  well  provided  with  those  means 
of  mischief  wherewith  modern  science  has  armed  the 
wicked,  and  sufficiently  supplied  with  pecuniary  re- 
sources. The  newspapers  and  periodicals  of  that  date 
may  be  consulted  for  the  conviction,  and  punishment  of 
these  misguided  men.] 

SATIRICAL  BALLAD. — Can  you  tell  me  who  is 
the  author  of  the  following  verse  ?  — 
"  From  meddling  with  those  that  are  out  of  our  reaches, 
From  a  fighting  priest,  and  a  soldier  that  preaches, 
From  an  ignoramus  that  writes,  and  a  woman  that 
teaches, 

Libera  Nos,  Domine." 

c.  w. 

[This  satirical  piece  is  entitled  "  The  New  Litany," 
and  appeared  about  the  year  1646.  It  is  reprinted  in 
Wilkins's  Political  Ballads,  i.  23,  ed.  1860.  The  au- 
thorship is  apparently  unknown.] 

"  PASTON  LETTERS." — Wanted,  an  explanation 
of  the  following  phrases  in  the  Paston  Letters, 
London,  1789,  vol.  iii.  4to.  ed.,  Letter  cv. :  — 

" .  .  .  .  yn  Relevyng  and  Sustenawns  of  yor  evyn 
Crysten  .  .  .  ." — " ....  but  also  long  as  God 
sendith  and  zevyth  yow  wher'of  to  dispose  and  help  yor 
evyn  Crysten  ze  most  nedis  despose  hit  forth  a  monggus 
yor  evyn  Crysten.  .  .  ." 

HERUS  FRATER. 

[The  phrase  is  even  (sometimes  written  erne)  or  fellow 
Christian.  Wiclif  thus  renders  Phil.  ii.  25 :  "  Forsothe  I 
gesside  it  needeful  for  to  send  to  }ow  Epaphrodite  my 
brothir  and  euene  worchere,  and  my  euene  knyght " ;  and 
the  Gravedigger  in  Hamlet,  Act  V.  Sc.  1,  uses  "  even 
Christian  "  in  the  sense  of  "  fellow  Christian."] 


SIR  FRANCIS  DRAKE. 

In  "  N.&  Q."  3rd  S.  iv.  241,  I  observe  that  you 
refer  to  a  gentleman  of  your  acquaintance,  a 
correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  who  is  engaged  on 
a  "  Memoir  of  Sir  Francis  Drake."  I  see  also 
that  he  states  that  in  the  expedition  in  which 


272 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3«»  S.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63. 


Drake  was  last  engaged,  he  "  overtaxed  his 
abilities  and  died  of  chagrin."  Such  is  the  ordi- 
nary account,  and  it  may  be  the  true  one,  for  I 
find  in  Chalmers's  Biogr.  Diet.,  xii.  310,  these 
words :  — • 

"  A  strong  sense  of  them  (viz.  his  '  disappointments ') 
is  supposed  to  have  thrown  him  (Drake)  into  a  melan- 
choly, Avhich  occasioned  a  bloody  flux,  and  of  this  he 
died  on  board  his  own  ship,  near  the  town  of  Nombre  de 
Dios,  in  the  West  Indies,  Jan.  28,  1596." 

I  have  no  other  modern  authority  on  the  point 
at  hand,  but  I  see  that  the  fact,  not  of  the  flux, 
but  of  Drake's  "  chagrin,"  is  disputed  by  the 
contemporaneous  authority  of  one  of  his  captains, 
who  commanded  a  ship  in  the  fleet  of  Drake  and 
Hawkins,  and  must  necessarily  have  known  what 
was  the  truth.  I  refer  to  Capt.  Henry  Savile, 
who,  in  answer  to  a  letter  by  a  Spanish  General, 
published  in  Spain,  wrote  a  tract  under  the  title 
of  A  Libell  of  Spanish  Lies,  printed  in  1596,  one 
of  the  "  lies  "  being  "  that  Francis  Drake  died  in 
Nombre  de  Dios  for  very  grief  ih&t  he  had  lost  so 
many  barks  and  men,  as  was  afterwards  more 
manifestly  known."  Savile's  tract  is  one  of  great 
rarity  (I  only  know  of  the  existence  of  four  copies 
of  it),  which  I  procured  to  be  reprinted  some 
years  ago,  and  there  he  denies  most  emphatically 
that  Drake  died  at  Nombre  de  Dios,  or  that  the 
cause  of  his  death  was  "  for  very  grief  that  he 
had  lost  so  many  barks  and  men," — "que  Francisco 
Draque  murio  en  Nombre  de  Dios  de  pena  de 
aver  perdido  tantos  baxeles  y  gente."  Savile's 
words  in  answer  to  this  "  lie  "  are  these :  — 

"  For  admit  the  mistaking  of  the  place  (Nombre  de 
Dios)  might  be  tolerable,  notwithstanding,  the  precise 
affirming  the  cause  of  his  death  doth  manifest!}'  prove 
that  the  General  doth  make  no  conscience  to  lie.  And 
as  concerning  the  losse  of  any  barks  or  men  in  our  navy 
by  the  valour  of  the  Spaniard,  before  Sir  Francis  Drake's 
death,  we  had  none  (one  small  pinnace  excepted)  which 
we  assuredly  know  was  taken  by  chance,  falling  single 
into  a  fleet  of  five  frigates  (of  which  was  General  Don 
Pedro  Tellio)  near  unto  the  island  of  Dominico,  and  not 
by  the  valour  of  Don  Bernaldino :  the  which  five  frigates 
of  the  king's  afterwards  had  but  ill  success,  for  one  of 
them  was  burnt  in  the  harbour  of  S.  John  Portrico,  and 
one  other  was  sunk  in  the  same  harbour,  and  the  other 
three  were  burnt  amongst  many  other  ships  at  the  taking 
of  Cadiz.  This,  I  think,  in  wise  men's  judgments,  will 
seem  a  silly  cause  to  move  a  man  sorrow  to  death.  For 
true  it  is,  Sir  Francis  Drake  died  of  the  flux  which  he 
had  grown  upon  him  eight  days  before  his  death,  and  yielded 
up  his  spirit  like  a  Christian  to  his  Creator  quietly  in  his 
cabin.'" 

It  is  very  possible  that  your  correspondent, 
with  a  view  to  his  Memoir  of  Drake,  has  seen  the 
original  tract ;  but  so  small  a  number  of  my  re- 
print was  struck  off  (only  twenty-five  copies,  most 
of  which  are  still  in  my  hands),  that  it  is  not 
likely  it  should  have  fallen  in  his  way.  If  he 
have  not  met  with  it,  and  would  like  to  possess  a 
copy,  one  of  them  shall  be  entirely  at  his  service 
On  another  page  of  his  answer,  Savile  informs  us 


that  "  it  is  most  certain  that  Drake  died  twixt 
;he  island  of  Scouda  and  Portobello,"  and  not  at 
S"ombre  de  Dios.  J.  PAYNE  COLLIER. 

I  have  read  with  interest  your  article  respecting 
Sir  Francis  Drake,  and  it  occurred  to  me  that 
perhaps  the  future  historian  of  his  life,  whose 
xnswer  you  have  inserted,  would  like  to  know 
that  there  is  now  residing  at  Kingsbridge,  Devon, 
the  family  of  Pearse,  one  of  whom  is  a  medical 
man  in  that  town ;  and  some  members  of  the 
family  are  called  Drake,  from  being  descendants 
of  Sir  Francis ;  and  I  believe  they  have  either 
a  portrait  or  some  other  things  of  his  now. 

Since  writing  the  foregoing,  I  find,  in  a  work 
published  some  years  since  in  Plymouth,  entitled 
A  thousand  Facts  in  the  Histories  of  Devon  and 
Cornwall,  under  "  1582,"  that  Sir  Francis-  Drake 
was  Mayor  of  Plymouth,  which  is  the  same  year 
as  his  wife  was  buried,  as,  according  to  the  old 
election,  the  mayors  were  elected  on  September  17, 
and  sworn  in  on  September  29,  his  terra  of  mayor- 
alty not  expiring  till  September  29,  1582.  I  think 
some  further  particulars  might  be  gathered  from 
the  Plymouth  Corporation  Records.  If  the  above 
marriage  was  a  fact,  may  not  the  marriage  re- 
ferred to  ("  N.  &  Q."  3r'd  S.  iv.  189)  be  that  of 
some  other  Francis  Drake,  as  it  does  not  specify 
any  place  of  residence  ?  GEOKGE  PBIDEAUX. 

THEOBALDS  (3rd  S.  iv.  242.)  — Is  not  the  allu- 
sion to  Theobalds  as  a  royal  palace  in  the  days  of 
Sir  Francis  Drake  a  mistake  ?  Queen  Elizabeth 
was  frequently  there,  and  sometimes  for  long 
periods,  but  it  did  not  belong  to  the  Crown  till 
James  I.  procured  it  from  Sir  Robert  Cecil  in 
exchange  for  Hatfield.  S.  Y.  R. 


«  SCOTICISMS :"  BEATTIE:  DAVID  HUME. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  225.) 

That  the  great  historian  published  a  work  on 
Scoticisms  is  evident,  from  the  following  passage, 
transcribed  from  a  letter  written  by  Beattie  to 
Sir  William  Forbes  under  the  date  of  the  10th 
April,  1779:  — 

"  I  have  at  last  made  good  my  promise,  in  regard  to 
the  Scotticisms;  and  send  you  inclosed  a  little  book  con- 
taining about  two  hundred,  with  a  praxis  at  the  end, 
•which  will  perhaps  amuse  you.  I  printed  it  for  no  other 
purpose  but  to  give  away  to  the  young  men  who  attend 
my  lectures.  This  collection  I  have  been  making,  from 
time  to  time,  for  some  years  past.  /  consulted  Mr. 
Hume's  list,  and  took  a  few  from  it." 

Dr.  Beattie  also  acknowledges,  in  the  same  let- 
ter, his  indebtedness  for  some  of  the  words  to 
Mr.  Elphinston  and  Dr.  Campbell ;  and  intimates 
his  belief,  that  he  shall  collect  as  many  more  as 


.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


273 


will  form  a  supplement  to  the  pamphlet  men- 
tioned. 

Whether  this  supplement  was  ever  published 
does  not  appear  certain  ;  but  nearly  six  years  after 
the  date  of  the  former  letter — to  wit,  on  the  7th 
February,  1785 — Beattie,  then  at  Aberdeen,  writes 
again  to  Sir  William  on  the  subject,  as  under  :  — 

"  My  list  of  Scotticisms  is  also  much  enlarged.  I  be- 
lieve I  shall  print  it  here  for  the  convenience  of  correct- 
ing the  press.  If  you  see  Mr.  Creech,  please  to  ask  what 
number  of  copies  I  shall  send  to  him.  It  will  be  a  pretty 
large  pamphlet,  and  the  price  shall  not  exceed  a  shilling." 

Under  date  of  the  26th  November,  in  the  same 
year,  Beattie,  writing  to  his  friend  Robert  Ar- 
buthnot,  Esq.,  expresses  a  doubt  as  to  the  pro- 
priety of  publishing  the  pamphlet,  for  these 
reasons : — 

"  Our  language  (I  mean  the  English)  is  degenerating 
very  fast ;  and  many  phrases,  which  I  know  to  be  Scot- 
tish idioms,  have  got  into  it  of  late  years :  so  that  many 
of  my  strictures  are  liable  to  be  opposed  by  authorities 
which  the  world  accounts  unexceptionable.  However,  I 
shall  send  you  the  manuscript,  since  you  desire  it,  and 
let  you  dispose  of  it  as  you  please." 

As  I  do  not  find  the  Scotticisms  mentioned  in 
the  List  of  Dr.  Beattie's  works,  printed  in  the  Ap- 
pendix to  his  Life,  by  Sir  William  Forbes,  may  I 
ask  J.  M.  if  he  is  quite  certain  that  the  work 
printed  for  William  Creed,  in  1787,  was  written 
by  the  poet  ?  And  may  not  the  "  rare  work," 
alluded  to  by  Dean  Ramsey,  have  been  the  "little 
book"  printed  by  Beattie  for  the  use  of  the 
students  in  1779?  ,  D.  M.  STEVENS. 

Guildford. 


J.  M.  speaks  of  eight  leaves  of  Scoticisms,  ap- 
parently privately  printed,  but  without  title,  bound 
up  with  liis  interleaved  volume.  Are  these  not 
the  Scoticisms  by  Hume,  affixed  to  the  Political 
Discourses  of  1752,  cut  out  and  added  to  the 
Anon,  annotator's  copy  of  the  book  published  in 
1787?  I  have  the  Discourses  of  the  dates  indi- 
cated, but  this  addition  js  absent  from  it,  as  well 
as  from  the  British  Museum  copy,  which  shows 
that  it  must  have  been  sparingly  issued.  In  a 
work  of  James  Elphinstone's,  entitled  Animadver- 
sions upon  Elements  of  Criticism,  fyc.,  with  an 
Appendix  on  Scoticism,  Lond.  1771,  Hume's  spe- 
cimens are  reprinted  from  the  Scofs  Mag.,  where 
they  are  said  to  be  taken  from  the  aforesaid  pro- 
duction of  the  historian.  Elphinstone  adds,  from 
a  later  vol.  of  the  same  magazine,  a  letter  from 
Philologus  on  Scoticism,  dated  London,  1764, 
which  I  take  to  be  a  continuation  of  the  subject 
by  himself. 

In  regard  to  the  authorship  of  the  Anon.  Scoti- 
cisms arranged  in  Alphabetical  Order  of  1787,  I 
think  there  is  little  doubt  of  its  being  by  Beattie. 
In  his  letters  he  speaks  of  having  made  large 
collections  this  way,  a  few  of  which,  he  says, 


were  privately  printed  for  the  use  of  his  pupils  at 
Marischal  College,  which  tallies  with  the  following 
extract  from  the  Advertisement  in  the  book  of 
1787:  — 

"  The  former  edition  being  all  given  away  (for  none 
of  the  copies  were  exposed  to  sale),  I  have  been  desirous 
to  reprint  the  pamphlett,  and  to  publish  it,  with  additions 
and  amendments." 

This  latter  is  a  very  common  book,  and  I  have 
a  copy  at  the  service  of  any  gentleman  curious 
that  way,  but  I  never  saw  the  original.  A  pam- 
phlet on  the  subject  in  question,  not  yet  recorded 
in  your  pages,  is  Scotticisms,  Vulgar  Anglicisms, 
and  Grammatical  Improprieties.  By  Hugh  Mit- 
chell, sm.  8vo,  pp.  96,  Glas.  1799.  '  J.  O. 


Having  copies  of  Sir  John  Sinclair's  and  Dr. 
Beattie's  books  on  Scoticisms  (both  of  which  con- 
tain, so  far  as  I  can  judge,  "  valuable  observations 
and  additions"  in  MS.),  I  feel  gratified  by  the 
interesting  Notes  of  your  correspondent  J.  M. 
upon  the  subject ;  and  beg  to  say,  that  if  he  has 
any  wish  to  see  my  copies  of  these  books,  he  is 
welcome  to  have  a  look  at  them.  The  words, 
"  from  the  Author,"  are  upon  the  title-page  of 
my  copy  of  Sinclair  ;  and  the  pages  of  the  Intro- 
duction and  Observations  are  so  covered  by  cor-' 
rections  and  interlineations,  that  they  appear  to 
me  to  be  more  like  "  an  author's  proof-sheet " 
than  anything  else.  The  handwriting  is  unknown 
to  me.  The  MS.  additions  to  Beatlie  are  mostly 
by  an  old,  and  lately  deceased,  parish  minister  of 
Forfarshire,  who  was  well  read  in  Scottish  litera- 
ture. A.  J. 


"SHARP'S  SORTIE  FROM  GIBRALTAR." 

(3rd  S.  iv.  210.) 

I  subjoin  the  names  of  the  officers,  whose  por- 
traits are  given  in  Sharp's  print  of  Trumbull's 
"  Sortie  from  Gibraltar,"  on  the  27th  November, 
1781.  The  names  are  here  placed  as  the  figures 
occur  in  the  print,  beginning  with  the  officer  in 
the  Highland  uniform,  and  taking  them  in  exact 
succession  of  heads  to  the  right  of  the  picture  as 
we  look  at  it :  — 

1.  Captain  Alexander  Mackenzie,  71st  regiment. 

2.  General  Eliott  (Lord  Heathfield.) 

3.  Captain  Charles  Vallotton,  5Cth  foot,  aid-de-camp 
to  Gen.  Eliott. 

4.  Sec.  Lieut.  George  Koehler,  Royal  Artillery,  aid-de- 
camp to  Gen.  Eliott. 

5.  Major  John  Hardy,  56th  foot,  Quartermaster-General 
of  the  garrison. 

6.  Major-Gen.  Charles  Ross,  72nd  foot,  commanding  the 
sortie 

7.  Captain  Abraham  Witham,  Royal  Artillery,  com- 
manding a  detachment  of  his  regiment  as  artificers. 

8.  Sir  Roger  Curtis,  R.N.,  Commodore,  volunteer  at  the 
sortie. 

9.  Lieut. -Col.  Thomas  Trigge,  12th  regiment. 


274 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"»  s.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63. 


10.  Lieut-Col.  Maxwell,  71st  regiment. 

11.  Lieut-Col.  Hugo,  Hanoverian  service. 

The  fallen  officer  next  the  Highland  officer,  in 
the  centre  background,  is  — 

12.  Baron  Von  Helmstadt  of  the  Walloon  Guards,  who 
was  wounded,  and  died  soon  after  in  the  garrison. 

The  fallen  officer  in  the  prominent  foreground, 
whose  left  hand  is  raised  towards  General  Eliott 
and  the  Highland  officer,  is  — 

13.  Captain  Don  Joseph  Barboza  of  the  Spanish  artil- 
lery. 

To  the  left  of  these  wounded  foreigners  is  a 
line  of  five  figures  destroying  the  works  ;  two  of 
whom  are  soldiers  of  the  company  of  military  arti- 
ficers (now  Engineers),  one  having  a  pick-axe ; 
the  other  a  felling  or  broad-axe.  Immediately 
above  the  broad-axe  artificer  are  the  portraits  of 
the  following  officers  :  — 

14.  Captain  Robert  Tipping,  72nd  foot,  having  an  epau- 
lette or  wing  on  his  exposed  shoulder. 

15.  Lieut.  Edward  Frederick,  72nd  foot,  aid-de-camp 
to  Gen.  Ross,  side  face,  bare  head. 

16.  Lieut.  Joseph  Budworth,  72nd  foot,  aid-de-camp  to 
Gen.  Ross,  side  face,  cocked  hat  on  head. 

A  little  higher  up  the  picture,  and  more  to  the 
left,  holding  by  a  spar  of  timber,  is  — 

17.  Captain  William  Cuppage,  Royal  Artillery,  show- 
ing more  than  half  of  body,  three-quarter  face,  cocked 
hat  on  head ;  and  the  very  topmost  figure,  standing  on 
the  partly  dismantled  works  (his  body  three-parts  ex- 
posed), is  — 

18.  Lieut.  Lewis  Hay,  Engineer,  commanding  a  party 
of  his  corps,  side  face,  holding  cocked  hat  in  left  hand, 
raised. 

From  this  list  there  can,  I  think,  be  no  mistake 
in  identifying  the  characters  in  Trumbull's  histo- 
rical picture  of  the  sortie,  and  in  Sharp's  repro- 
duction of  it  as  an  engraving.  The  key  to  the 
picture  must,  at  this  date,  be  in  very  few  hands. 
The  above  list  will  therefore  be  of  use  to  your 
readers  generally,  and  of  service  for  after  refer- 
ence. I  have  a  copy  of  the  key,  which  is  at  J.'s 
service,  as  a  loan,  should  he  require  it. 

M.  S.  K. 

Brompton  Barracks. 

I  have  a  key  to  the  above  engraving;  and  if 
your  correspondent  (J.)  will  favour  me  with 
his  name  and  address,  I  shall  be  most  happy  to 
send  him  a  tracing  from  it,  as  it  is  impossible  to 
give  references  to  all  the  figures,  the  smaller  ones 
being  placed  in  such  different  positions  to  those 
they  occupy  in  the  picture. 

There  is  no  difficulty  as  to  the  groups  in  the 
foreground.  They  are  as  follows :  — 

12.  Capt.  Alex.  Mackenzie,  71st  Regiment. 
(This  is  the  figure  on  the  right  hand  of  Gen. 
Elliot.) 

1.  Gen.  Elliot,  late  Lord  Heathfield. 

8.  Major  Vallaton,  56th  Eegt.,  first  Aide-de- 
Carnp  to  Gen.  Elliot. 


13.  Lieut.  Koehler,  Royal  Artillery,  Aide-de- 
Camp  to  Gen.  Elliot. 

7.  Lieut.-Col.  Hardy,  56th  Regt.,  Quarter- 
Master-General  of  the  Garrison. 

2.  Major-Gen.  Ross. 

9.  Capt.  Whitham,  commanding  a  detachment 
of  the  Royal  Artillery,  who  served  as  Artificers. 

3.  Commodore  Sir  Roger  Curtis,  Volunteer. 

5.  Lieut.-Col.  Trigge,loth  Regt. 

6.  Lieut.-Col.  Maxwell,  71st  Regt. 

4.  L5eut.-Col.  Hugo,  Hanoverian. 

17.  The  wounded  officer  in  the  foreground  is 
Don  Joseph  Barboza,  Captain  in  the  Spanish 
Artillery. 

There  are  six  other  references,  which  cannot 
be  described  without  taking  up  too  much  space 
in  "  N.  &  Q."  THOMAS  H.  CBOMEK. 

Wakefield. 


ALBION  AND  HER  WHITE  ROSES. 
[(3rd  S.  iv.  109,  193.) 

Permit  me  to  submit  to  the  notice  of  MR.  DAL- 
TON  and  JANNOC,  the  following  extract  from  a 
Classical  Dictionary  appended  to  an  old  Latin 
Thesaurus  written  by  Cooper,  Bishop  of  Norwich, 
temp.  Elizabeth :  — 

"  Albion  (the  most  ancient  name  of  this  Isle)  con- 
taineth  Englande  and  Scotlande :  of  the  beginning  (ori- 
gen)  of  which  name  haue  sundrie  opinios  (opinions) : 
one  late  feigned  l>y  him,  which  prynted  the  Englishe 
Chronicle,  wherein  is  neither  similitude  of  trouth,  reasone, 
nor  honestie.  I  mean  the  fable  of  the  fiftie  Doughters  of 
Dioclesian,  Kyng  of  Syria,  where  neuer  any  other  his- 
toric maketh  mencion  of  a  King  of  Syria  so  named. 
Also  that  name  is  Greelce,  and  no  part  of  the  language  of 
Syria.  Moreover  the  coming  of  theim  from  Syria  in  a 
shippe  or  boate  without  any  marynours  (mariners) 
thorowe  (through)  the  sea  called  Mediterraneum  into  the 
ocean,  and  so  finally  to  finde  this  lie,  and  to  inhabit  it, 

is  both  impossible,  and  much  reproche  to 

this  noble  Realme,  to  ascribe  hir  first  name  and  habita- 
tion to  such  invention.  Another  opinion  is  (which  hath 
a  more  honeste  similitude)  that  it  was  named  Albion,  ab 
albis  rupibus,  of  white  rockes,  because  that  unto  them 
that  come  by  sea,  the  bankes  and  rockes  of  this  He  doe 
appeare  whyte.  Of  this  opinion  I  moste  mervayle  (mar- 
vel), because  it  is  written  of  great  learned  men,  First, 
Albion  is  no  latin  worde,  nor  hath  the  analogie,  that  is  to 
saie,  proportion  or  similitude  of  latine.  For  who  hath 
founde  this  syllable  on  at  the  ende  of  a  latin  woord? 
And  if  it  should  have  been  so  called  for  the  whyte  colour 
of  the  rockes,  men  would  have  called  called  it  [I  believe 
this  to  be  a  misprint]  Alba,  or  Albus,  or  Album.  In  Italy 
were  townes  called  Alba,  and  in  Asia  a  country  called 
Albania,  and  neither  of  them  took  their  beginning  of 
whyte  rockes,  or  walles,  as  ye  may  read  in  books  of  geo- 
graphic :  nor  the  water  of  the  ryuer  called  Albis  semeth 
any  whiter  than  other  water.  But  if  where  ai^ncient  re- 
membraunce  of  the  beginning  of  thinges  lacketh,  it  may 
be  leeful  for  men  to  use  their  coniectures,  than  may  myne 
be  as  well  accepted  as  Flinies  (although  he  incomparably 
excelled  me  in  wisedome  and  doctrine^  specially  if  it 
may  appeer  that  my  coiecture  shal  approch  more  neere 
to  the  similitude  of  trouth.  Wherfore  I  will  also  sett 
foorth  mine  opinion  onely  to  the  intent  to  exclude  fables, 


S.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


275 


lackyng  eyther  honestie  or  reasonable  similitudes.  Whan 
the  Greekes  began  first  to  prosper,  and  their  cities  became 
populous  and  wared  puissaunt,  they  which  trauailed  on 
the  seas  called  Hellespont-its,  JEgeum,  and  Creticu(m},  after 
that  thei  knewe  perfectly  the  course  of  sailynge,  and  had 
founded  thereby  profyte,  they  by  little  and  little  at- 
tempted to  serch  and  finde  out  the  commodities  of  out- 
warde  countrees :  and  like  as  Spaniardes  and  Portugalls 
haue  late  doone,  they  experienced  to  seeke  out  countries 
before  unknown.  And  at  last  passyng  the  Streictes  of 
Marrocke  (Morocco)  they  entered  into  the  great  ocean 
sea,  where  they  fond  dyvers  and  many  lies.  Among 
which  they  perceiuing  this  He  to  be  not  onel y  the  greatest 
in  circuite,  but  also  most  plenteouse  of  every  necessary  to 
man,  the  earth  moste  apte  to  bring  forth,"  &c.  &c. 

After  enumerating  the  natural  advantages  of 
our  country,  he  continues :  — 

"  They  wanderynge  and  reioysinge  at  their  good  and 
fortunate  arrival,  named  this  yle  in  Greeke  Olbion,  which 
in  Englishe  signifieth  happy." 

W.   I.  S.  HORTON. 

I  find  in  the  edition  of  Facciolati,  published  in 
1839  by  Black  and  Armstrong,  the  following  note 
attached  by  Furlanetto  at  Albion  :  "  Etymon  est 
ab  Celtico  vocabulo  Alb,  sive  Alp,  unde  Alpes," 
and  reference  is  made  to  the  commentary  of  Ser- 
vius,  who  is  supposed  to  have  lived  towards  the 
beginning  of  the  fifth  century.  Servius  at  Vir- 
gil's G.  iii.  474,  says  "  Nam  Gallorum  lingua  alti 
montes  Alpes  vocantur,"  and  Philargyrius  in  his 
commentary  makes  the  same  remark.  And  again, 
Servius  at  JEn.  x.  13,  says  :  "  Sane  omnes  altitu- 
dines  montium  licet  a  Gallis  Alpes  vocentur,  pro- 
prie  tamen  montium  Gallicorum  sunt."  The  idea 
of  its  being  derived  fff>m  albus,  is,  as  your  corre- 
spondent JANNOC  very  properly  remarks,  set 
aside  by  the  name  appearing  in  Aristotle.  He 
says  (De  Mundo,  c.  3)  :  — 

"Beyond  the  Pillars  of  Hercules  the  ocean  flows  round 
the  earth.  In  this  ocean  are  two  islands,  and  those  very 
large,  called  Bretannic,  Albion  and  lerne,  which  are 
larger  than  those  before  mentioned,  and  lie  beyond  the 
Kelti." 

C.  T.  RAMAGE. 


HEROD  I.  SURXAMED  THE  GREAT. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  87,  199.) 

The  information  volunteered  by  CHESSBOHOUGH 
to  MR.  SIMPSON'S  question  in  "  N.  &  Q."  (3rd  S. 
iv.  87)  has  induced  me  to  say  a  few  words,  lest 
ME.  SIMPSON  should  be  led  into  error  relative  to 
the  coins  of  Herod  I.  CHKSSBOROUGH  is  perfectly 
correct  in  stating,  that  there  are  no  coins  "  which 
bear  the  likeness  of  Herod  the  Great ;"  but  he  is 
not  correct  in  saying  that  "the  types  of  his  money, 
or  of  that  attributed  to  him,  usually  show  the 
manna-pot  and  lily." 

In  the  first  place,  I  am  not  aware  of  any  one 
having  attributed  coins  with  the  "  manna-pot  and 
lily  "  to  Herod  I.,  excepting  CHESSBOROUGH. 


Secondly,  these  coins  are  of  silver;  and  though 
it  is  related  that  Herod  left  to  his  sister  Salome 
five  hundred  thousand  pieces  of  coined  silver 
(apyvpiov  «in<Hj/xou),  and  to  many  others,  more  or 
less  coined  silver  (Joseph.  Antiq.,  xvii.  8,  1) ;  and 
though  Zonaras  (Annal.,  lib.  v.  16,)  even  goes  so 
far  as  to  say  that  Herod  coined  gold  and  silver 
money  out  of  the  vessels  he  cut  off,  to  assist  the 
people  who  were  suffering  by  famine  in  Judsea 
and  Syria  (a  story  also  related  by  Josephus, 
Antiq.,  xv.  9,  2,  who  leaves  out  the  words  «s 
v6fuffifM),  yet  only  copper  coins  of  Herod  are 
extant.  This  can  be  accounted  for  from  the  fact, 
that  the  Romans  interdicted  all  countries  that 
were  subject  to  them  from  striking  gold,  and  only 
permitted  silver  to  be  struck  in  some  of  the  most 
important  cities — as  Alexandria,  Antioch  of  Syria, 
&c.  And  it  is  known  that  Pompey  only  permitted 
a  copper  currency  to  be  employed  in  most  of  the 
Phoenician  mints.  The  silver  that  Herod  left 
must  have  been  denarii— if,  indeed,  the  account 
of  Josephus  is  not  much  exaggerated. 

Thirdly,  the  silver  coins  with  the  manna-pot 
and  lily  are  shekels  and  half-shekels,  and  belong 
to  Simon  Maccabaeus,  the  first  Jewish  prince 
who  was  permitted  to  strike  coins,  B.C.  138.  (See 
1  Maccab.  xv.  6.) 

MR.  SIMPSON  will  find  engravings  of  the  coins 
of  Herod  I.  in  M.  de  Saulcy's  Numismatique  Ju- 
daique  (pi.  vi.),  and  of  one  of  them  in  Mr.  Aker- 
man's  Numismatic  Illustrations  of  the  Narrative 
Portions  of  the  New  Testament,  p.  3.  The  coins 
of  Herod  I.  are  of  three  sizes ;  and  are  called  re- 
spectively Tpi'xoAKoi/,  Ai'xaA./coi',  and  XU\KOVS.  They 
weigh  (A)  104  to  64  grs.,  (B)  wanting,  and  (c) 
48  to  20  grs.  The  coin  weighing  48  grs.  is  the 
quadrans ;  and  that  weighing  20  grs.  is  the  lepton* 
(See  Mark  xii.  42,  "two  mites,  which  make  a 
farthing.")  Mr.  Akerman's  book  is  at  present 
the  only  one  in  English  which  mentions  Jewish 
coins ;  though  I  am  enabled  to  state  that  a  work 
upon  the  entire  subject  of  Jewish  and  Biblical 
Numismatics  is  in  preparation,  and  will  shortly 
be  laid  before  the  numismatic  public. 

MR.  SIMPSON'S  first  Query  I  must  leave  to 
others  to  answer  ;  but  may  call  his  attention  to 
the  articles  on  Herod  in  Dr.  Smith's  Diet,  of  the 
Bible,  and  Kitto's  Bill.  Encyc.,  3rd  edition. 

I  also  take  the  opportunity  to  explain  to  HER- 
MENTRCDE  her  medal  of  Cleopatra!!  And  first, 
I  will  say  that  it  is  not  a  medal,  but  a  coin.  "  A 
medal  is  a  piece  struck  to  commemorate  some 
event  or  person,  and  has  no  place  in  a  currency  :" 
whilst  "  a  coin  is  a  piece  of  metal  of  fixed  weight, 
stamped  by  authority,  and  employed  as  a  circu- 
lating medium."  (Art.  "Numismatics,"  Encycl. 
Brit.,  8th  edit.)  This  mistake  may  have  arisen 
from  the  French  employing  the  word  medaille  to 
signify  "a  coin."  The  description  of  HERMEN- 
TRUDE'S  coin  is  as  follows  :  — 


276 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3«i  S.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63. 


Obv.  Head  of  Venus  to  the  right,  with  diadem ; 
behind  it,  the  letters  s.  c.  ("senatus  consulto"). 

Rev.  "  c  .  NAB  .  BALB."  ("  Caius  Nsevius  Bal- 
bus").  Victory  in  chariot  (triga)  to  right;  above 
the  chariot,  numerals  occur  on  different  speci- 
mens from  nn.  to  CCVITI.  (These  are  only  what  I 
have  seen,  others  higher  or  lower  may  exist). 

This  coin  is  struck,  between  B.C.  82  and  B.C.  80, 
by  a  magistrate  of  the  name  of  Caius  Nsevius 
Balbus.  He  is  totally  unknown  ;  but  from  numis- 
matic evidence,  must  have  been  in  power  with 
two  other  magistrates,  Quintus  Antonius  Balbus 
(see  Cohen,  Medaittes  Consulaires,  pi.  Hi.,  An- 
tonia  I.),  and  Tiberius  Claudius  (Cohen,  pi.  xii., 
Claudia  III.) :  the  first  of  whom  was  praetor  to 
Marius,  circ,  B.C.  82 ;  and  the  latter  is  known  to 
have  had  a  place  in  the  senate  in  B.C.  63  (Sallust, 
Cat.  50;  Appian,  Bell.  Civ.,  ii.  5).  The  coin  in 
question  is  engraved  in  Cohen,  pi.  xxix. 

The  "rude  and  deep  notch  round  the  edge," 
was  probably  made  to  test  the  purity  of  the  silver. 
Coin  so  notched  were  called  serrati  (Tac. 
Germ.,  5). 

The  Empress  Cornelia  Gnaea  is  usually  called 
Cornelia  Supera.  She  is  supposed  to  be  the  wife 
of  .ZEmilian  (A.D.  253—254).  F.  W.  M. 


BOOTERSTOWN,  NEAR  DUBLIN  (2nd  S.  IX.  462.) — 

In  turning  over  the  above-named  volume  of 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  I  met  with  the  inquiry  of  your  cor- 
respondent ABHBA  as  to  the  original  meaning  and 
etymology  of  the  name  of  this  village.  He  is  quite 
right  in  rejecting  the  absurd  statement,  that  it 
was  originally  called  Freebooterstown  from  its 
being  the  resort  of  freebooters.  This  is  simply  a 
falsehood.  There  is  no  evidence  that  it  ever  had 
the  name  of  Freebooterstown.  Nor  was  it  ever, 
I  believe,  called  Booterstown  until  after  the  form- 
ation of  the  Dublin  and  Kingstown  railway.  Be- 
fore that  time,  it  was  always  called  Butterstown ; 
and  in  old  documents,  as  your  correspondent 
correctly  tells  you,  it  is  called  Ballybotter,  Bally- 
boother,  Butterstown,  or  Botharstown,  and  Boter- 
stone. 

The  word  bothar,  or  bothair,  is  a  road,  a  street, 
in  the  Irish  language :  in  some  parts  of  Ireland 
the  th  is  pronounced  as  if  it;  in  other  parts  it  is 
slurred  over,  as  if  it  was  h. 

Thus,  there  is  a  street  in  Dublin  called  Stony- 
batter,  the  stony  road;  there  is  a  Buttersfield 
Avenue,  near  Rathfarnham ;  Bothar  mdr,  or  the 
great  read,  is  the  name  of  the  road  from  Tip- 
perary  to  Cashel ;  Bothar  na  mac  riogh  (road  of 
the  king's  sons)  is  the  road  from  Corofin,  by 
the  Castle  of  Inchiquin  to  Killnaboy,  co.  Clare 
(Four  Mast.  A.D.  1573)  ;  Bothar-liac-Baislice 
(Grey-road  of  Baisleach,  now  Baslick),  is  the 
name  of  a  high  road  leading  to  Baslick,  in  the 


aarish  ofBallintober,  co.  Roscommon  (Four  Mast., 
A.D.  1573,  p.  1180).  There  are  hundreds  of  other 
instances. 

ABHBA  will,  therefore,  see  at  once  the  answer  to 
lis  question.  The  high  road  from  Dublin  to 
Wicklow  was  called  the  Botar,  or  Bothar  :  in  and 
about  Dublin,  the  th  was  pronounced  as  tt.  Bally- 
aotter,  therefore,  or  Ballybothar,  was  the  town 
or  village  of  the  Bottar,  or  high  road ;  and  this  was 
Englished  naturally  Botterstovvn,  or  Butterstown. 
The  diminutive,  Botharin  (commonly  pro- 
nounced Bohareen,  or  Boreeii),  is  familiar  to 
every  one  who  has  resided  in  the  country  parts  of 
Ireland.  It  is  a  word  of  daily  use,  even  in  the 
mouths  of  those  who  can  only  speak  the  English 
[anguage.  It  signifies  a  little  road,  a  lane,  or 
bridle  road,  across  the  fields.  JAMES  H.  TODD. 

Trinity  College,  Dublin. 

SAXON  SUNDIAL  AT  BISHOPSTON,  NEAR  NEW- 
HAVEN,  SUSSEX  (3rd  S.  iv.  230.) — This  is  engraved 
in  the  Gentleman  s  Magazine  for  Nov.  1840,  drawn 
and  communicated  by  Mr.  Mark  Antony  Lower, 
F.S.A.,  of  Lewes ;  and  in  the  second  volume  of 
the  Sussex  Archaeological  Collections,  1849,  will 
be  found  a  paper  "  On  Bishopston  church,  with 
some  general  remarks  on  the  Churches  of  East 
Sussex,"  by  Mr.  W.  Figg,  F.S.A.,  of  the  same 
town.  See  also  the  late  Rev.  Arthur  Hussey's 
Churches  of  Kent,  Sussex,  and  Surrey,  8vo,  1852, 
p.  198.  J.  G.  N. 

AEROSTATION  (3rd  S.  iv.  146,  194.)  —  I  would 
remind  your  correspondent  of  Darwin's  remark- 
able lines  (Economy  of  Vegetation,  canto  i.  1.  289), 
written  probably  before  1750,  as  exemplifying  the 
prophetic  faculty  of  genius  in  anticipating  scien- 
tific discovery :  — 

"  Soon  shall  thine  arm,  unconqnered  Steam !  afar 
Drag  the  slow  barge,  or  drive  the  rapid  car ; 
Or  on  wide-waving  wings  expanded  bear 
The  flying  chariot  through  the  fields  of  air. 
Their  crews  triumphant,  leaning  from  above, 
Shall  wave  their  fluttering  kerchiefs,  as  they  move ; 
Or  warrior  bands  alarm  the  gaping  crowd, 
And  armies] shrink  beneath  the  shadowy  cloud." 

Contemporary  critics  depreciated  his  poetry,  as 
eccentric  and  extravagant ;  but,  as  he  aptly  states 
in  his  "  Apology  "  :  — 

"  Extravagant  theories  in  those  parts  of  philosophy 
where  our  knowledge  is  yet  imperfect  encourage  the 
execution  of  laborious  experiments,  or  the  investigation 
of  ingenious  deductions,  to  confirm  or  refute  them  :  and, 
since  natural  objects  are  allied  to  each  other  by  many 
affinities,  every  kind  of  theoretic  distribution  of  them 
adds  to  our  knowledge  by  developing  some  of  their 
analogies." 

Darwin's  exquisite  Rosicrucian  fancy  has  ap- 
parently suggested  several  of  the  subsequent  dis- 
coveries in  natural  philosophy.  See  his  Poems, 
passim.  3.  L. 

Dublin. 


3'<»  S.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


277 


COURT  COSTUMES  OF  Louis  XIII.  OF  FRANCE 
(3rd  S.  iv.  186.) — A.  D.  will  find  numerous  en- 
gravings of  the  costumes  he  wishes  to  SQC  in  that 
valuable  work  by  J.  Malliot,  Recherches  sur  les 
Costumes  8fc.  des  anciens  Peuples,  in  3  vols.  4to. 
The  French  costumes,  from  the  fifth  century  to 
the  seventeenth  inclusive,  will  be  found  in  the 
third  volume.  F.  C.  H. 

PRAYERS  FOR  THE  DEAD  (3rd  S.  iv.  188.) — It 
is  certain  that  the  Catholic  Church  has  always 
prayed,  and  still  prays,  for  the  souls  of  the  faithful 
departed.  What  Daille  probably  referred  to  as 
abolished,  were  probably  certain  prayers  for  the 
Saints,  which,  though  unobjectionable  when 
rightly  understood,  were  liable  to  be  mistaken. 
If  we  occasionally  find  mention  of  masses  and 
prayers  offered  for  the  saints  already  in  bliss,  they 
must  be  understood  as  offered  for  this  end,  that 
by  honouring  the  saints,  we  may  cause  them, 
through  the'mercy  of  God,  to  become  intercessors 
for  us.  Such  prayers  have  never  been  general, 
and  are  never  now  used.  The  saints,  properly 
speaking,  are  those  souls  already  in  heaven  ;  but 
those  in  purgatory  may  also  be  considered  saints, 
as  they  are  sure  of  heaven  when  their  period  of 
suffering  is  finished.  This  may  also  serve  to  ex- 
plain the  expression  of  praying  for  the  saints  in 
some  instances.  F.  C.  H. 

RIDDLE  (3rd  S.  iv.  188.)  — 

"  My  first  invisible  as  air,"  &c. 

The  word  Gas-light  appears  to  me  to  answer 
pretty  satisfactorily  the  proposed  riddle.  Is  it 
the  right  solution  ?  F.  C.  H. 

DICKENS  AND  THACKERAY  (3rd  S.  iv.  207.)  — 
The  challenge  of  M.  is  accepted.  And  first  as 
to  Dickens :  — 

"  Home  is  made  happier  by  the  works  of  Dickens ; 
Of  one  and  all  —  the  sire,  the  'little  chickens,' 
Also  '  their  dam '  —  the  joyous  pulse  he  quickens." 

Next,  exercising  the  rhymer's  license,  and  not 
being  nice  to  a  letter,  you  have  the  following  lines 
on  the  limner  of  "  The  Four  Georges  "  :  — 

"  Ah  !  blest  relief  from  pages  soft  and  sacchary ; 
Give  me  the  writings  of  that  foe  to  quackery, 
The  bold,  the  keen-eyed,  entertaining  Thackeray." 

Thus  does  the  English  language  (and  your 
correspondent)  bend  to  the  wishes  of  M.  C. 

LADY'S  DRESS  (3rd  S.  iv.  238.)  —  Your  corre- 
spondent will  find  the  "  hoop "  in  vogue  earlier 
than  he  observes,  viz.  in  a  letter  from  Mrs.  Delany 
in  Jan.  174f  (her  Autobiography  in  3  vols.  1861, 
vol.  ii.  p.  449),  she  says  :  — 

"  There  is  such  a  variety  in  the  manner  of  dress  that  I 
do  not  know  what  to  tell  you  is  the  fashion.  The  only 
thing  that  seems  general  are  hoops  of  an  enormous  size ; 
and  most  people  wear  vast  winkers  to  their  heads.  They 
are  now  come  to  such  an  extravagance  in  these  two  par- 


ticulars that  I  expect  soon  to  see  the  other  extreme  of 
thread-paper  heads,  and  no  hoops;  and  from  appearing 
like  so  many  blown  Madders,  we  shall  look  like  so  many 
bodkins  stalking  about." 

I  will  only  remark  that  crinoline  does  not  seem 
much  of  an  advance  upon  Mrs.  Delany's  prognos- 
tication. TERES  ATQUE  ROTUNDUS. 

" MILLER  OF  THE  DEE"  (3rd  S.  iv.  49,  78.)  — 
If  any  of  your  correspondents  are  at  a  loss  to 
know  the  origin  of  the  song  of  the  "  Miller  of  the 
Dee,"  they  will  find  it  one  of  the  songs  sung  by 
Justice  Woodcock  in  Bickerstaff's  opera  of  Love 
in  a  Village,  produced  at  Covent  Garden  in  1762  ; 
and  which  when  sung  by  Quick  was  always  much 
applauded.  O.  T. 

QUOTATION  (3ra  S.  iv.  208.)  —  "Les  Anglais 
s'amusent  tristement  selon  1'usage  de  leur  pays," 
is  to  be  found  in  Sully's  Memoirs,  wherein  he 
gives  an  account  of  some  festivities  which  oc- 
curred while  he  was  in  London.  W.  T. 

STONEHENGE  (3rd  S.  iv.  248.)  —  Lieut.-Col. 
Francis  Wilford  contributed  many  articles  to  the 
Asiatic  Researches  at  the  end  of  the  last  century  ; 
but  in  some  of  these  he  admits  that  he  had  been 
misled*  by  the  Pundits  he  employed,  who  professed 
to  find  in  Indian  history  and  literature  explana- 
tions of  archaeological  problems  of  Europe  which 
he  was  anxious  to  solve.  Even  Sir  William  Jones 
was  deceived  in  this  way.  Wilford  discovered 
the  imposture  in  1 804,  so  that  his  prior  writings 
must  be  read  with  caution.  Sufficient  is  now 
known  of  Indian  literature  to  make  it  highly  im- 
probable that  the  origin  of  Stonehenge  is  even 
alluded  to  therein.  See  his  Essays  on  the  Sacred 
Isles  of  the  West,  (As.  Res.  ix.  32  ;  x.  27  ;  xi.  11, 
1805-1810),  but  do  not  implicitly  trust  them. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

REGIOMONTANUS  (3rd  S.  iv.  110,  178.)  — Ac- 
cording to  Baldi,  the  authority  for  Muller  is  Junc- 
tinus  (Giuntino).  The  archives  of  Ratisbon  will 
perhaps  give  nothing :  for  it  is  not  clear  that  he 
was  actually  consecrated.  It  is  certain  that  the 
Pope  enticed  him  to  Rome  to  reform  the  calendar, 
and  designated  him — this  is  the  word  of  Riccioli  and 
Gassendi— Bishop  of  Ratisbon.  Baldi  h&sfatto; 
Paul  Jovius  has  creatus.  Melchior  Adam  does 
not  make  any  allusion  to  the  circumstance.  As 
he  died  not  long  after  his  arrival  at  Rome,  and 
we  know  nothing  of  the  length  of  his  last  illness, 
it  is  not  quite  -certain  that  he  was  consecrated; 
and  he  certainly  never  was  at  Ratisbon  as  bishop. 
I  cannot  find  that  his  editors  give  him  the  style  of 
bishop.  A-  DE  MORGAN. 

CHANCELLOR  OF  THE  EXCHEQUER  (3rd  S.  iv. 
216,  257.)  —  I  can  only  answer  MR.  WORKARD'S 
inquiry  by  stating  that  the  Chancellor  of  the 
Exchequer  is  not  in  any  way  mentioned  in  the 
statute  5  Viet.  c.  5.  His  status  in  the  court,  as 


278 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


S.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63. 


chancellor,  therefore,  remains  as  it  formerly  ex- 
isted, though  some  of  his  duties  are  taken  away. 
He  still  attends  the  court  on  certain  occasions, 
such  as  on  entering  into  office,  and  on  the  prick- 
ing of  sheriffs :  and,  if  I  remember  rightly,  in  the 
former  case  a  motion  of  course  is  still  made  before 
him.  EDWARD  Foss. 

JOSEPH  HARPUR,  LL.D.  (3rd  S.  iv.  190),  a 
member  of  Trinity  College,  Oxford,  was  a  native 
of  Dorsetshire,  though  his  parents  resided  near 
London,  and  was  born  about  the  year  1773.  His 
degrees  are  correctly  stated  from  the  list  of  Ox- 
ford graduates ;  and  having  been  induced,  by 
domestic  circumstances  it  is  supposed,  to  resume 
his  residence  in  the  University  about  the  year 
1806,  he  held  for  many  years  the  office  of  Deputy- 
Professor  of  Civil  Law.  He  died  at  the  age  of 
forty-eight,  October  2,  1821,  owing  to  the  result 
of  an  attack  of  paralysis ;  and  was  interred  in  the 
churchyard  of  St.  Michael's  parish,  Oxford,  in 
which  he  had  lived.  The  full  title  of  his  work  is, 
An  Essay  on  the  Principles  of  Philosophic  Criti- 
cism applied  to  Poetry,  London,  4to,  1810  ;  and  it 
was  favourably  thought  and  spoken  of  at  the  time 
of  its  publication :  but  from  the  abstruse  nature 
of  the  subject,  and  perhaps  in  some  degree  from 
the  little  pains  taken  to  force  it  into  notice — being 
the  production  of  a  retired  scholar,  personally 
known  only  to  those  with  whom  he  was  intimate — 
it  has  gradually  sunk  into  oblivion.  J.  W. 

POTHEEN  (3rd  S.  iv.  188.) — Your  correspon- 
dent J.  L.  has  clearly  identified  the  goatish  wine 
of  Julian  with  the  potheen  of  our  days. 

The  latter  was  a  Celtic  invention,  and  the  em- 
peror had  been  too  long  conversant  with  Gaul 
not  to  know  and  appreciate  its  inspiring  effects. 
^  There  has  however,  in  all  ages,  been  another 
side  even  to  this  question ;  and  Dioscorides,  with 
that  disregard  for  poetry  which  happily  distin- 
guishes his  profession,  takes  care  to  point  out  this 
other  side,  viz.  the  condition  of  the  morrow  when 
the  inspiration  of  the  night  has  fled  :  — 

"  Kal  rb  [ir^/ua]  Ka\ov/j.evov  8e  Kovpfit,  ovceuaf Jyuei/oj/ 
Se  IK  TTJS  KptBrjs,  $  Kal  avrl  otvov  ir6fj.art  TroAAa/cis 
Xp&vrai,  Kf<pa,\a\yes  fffTt  Kal  Kcwcc^u/tof,  Kal  TOV  vevpov 
^AcwriWi/."  —  ii.  HO. 

H.  C.  C. 

BIBLE  TRANSLATORS  (3rd  S.  iv.  228.)— X.  Y.  Z. 
will  find  several  particulars  which  may  guide  his 
inquiries  respecting  the  translators  of  the  Scrip- 
tures, in  the  preface  to  A  Glossary  to  the  Obsolete 
and  Unusual  Words  and  Phrases  of  the  Holy 
Scriptures  in  the  Authorised  English  Version,  pub- 
lished by  Wertheim  and  Macintosh  in  1850.  J.  D. 

LORD  PLUNKET  (3rd  S.  iii.  167,  259.)— I  have 
(with  many  other  autographs)  the  original  of  the 
following  unpublished  letter,  which,  from  the 


circumstances    of   the   case,    is    interesting    and 
valuable :  — 

"  Private. 

"  April  20th,  1827. 
"  My  dear  John, 

"  Many  thanks  for  your  most  friendly  letter.  Things 
have  taken  a  turn,  to  me  very  distressing.  The  result  in 
short  is,  that  I  am  a  peer;  and  for  the  present,  without 
office.  The  Rolls  [in  England]  I  declined,  not  being 
able  to  reconcile  myself  to  act  against  the  feeling  of  a 
great  number  of  the  profession  against  the  appointment 
of  an  Irishman,  or  rather  Irish  barrister.  Tell  my  friends 
not  to  question  me,  or  to  be  surprised.  Remember  mo 
affectionately  to  [Peter]  Burrowes. 

"  Y",  my  dear  John,  always, 

"  W.  C.  PLUNKET." 

The  friend  to  whom  the  foregoing  letter  was 
written,  was  the  late  John  Lloyd,  Esq.,  of  Dublin, 
one  of  the  judges  of  the  Insolvent  Court. 

ABHBA. 

MIRABEAU  A  SPY  (3rd  S.  iv.  226.)— It  is  per- 
fectly well  known  that,  in  1786,  Mirabeau  was 
sent  by  the  French  minister,  Calonne,  on  a  secret 
mission  to  Berlin.  While  there  he  compiled  the 
materials  for  a  work  that  he  published  on  his  re- 
return,  De  la  Monarchic  Prussienne.  There  also 
appeared  about  the  same  time,  anonymously,  an 
Histoire  Secrete  de  la  Cour  de  Berlin.  This,  which 
is  no  doubt  the  work  alluded  to  by  Lord  Malmes- 
bury,  has  been  very  generally  attributed  to  Mira- 
beau ;  and  it  is  entered  as  such  in  the  Catalogue 
of  the  London  Library.  The  only  thing  that  ap- 
pears to  be  new  in  the  passage  extracted  by 
BOOKWORM  is,  that  the  letters  are  there  said  to 
have  been  addressed  to  Talleyrand.  Adolphus, 
in  his  Biographical  Memoirs  (vol.  ii.  p.  97),  de- 
scribes the  work  as  consisting  of  letters  written 
by  Mirabeau  to  Calonne.  And  this  is  much  more 
probable.  Calonne  Was  at  that  time  minister. 
Talleyrand  was,  as  yet,  only  agent  of  the  clergy. 

MELETES. 

BOOKWORM  has  dpne  good  service  by  calling 
attention  to  the  curious  note  respecting  Mirabeau 
in  Lord  Malmesbury's  Diary  and  Correspondence, 
but  I  confess  I  much  doubt  the  accuracy  of  the 
story.  One  thing  is  quite  certain,  Mirabeau  was 
employed  by  the  Minister  Calonne,  and  it  is  very 
unlikely  he  should  have  been  in  correspondence 
with  Talleyrand  so  early  as  1786  or  1787,  or  that 
Talleyrand  should  have  said,  "  C'etait  avec  moi 
qu'il  correspondait"  If  Lord  Malmesbury's  ac- 
curacy is  to  be  depended  upon,  Talleyrand's 
French  would  seem  to  be  as  faulty  as  his  memory. 
Perhaps  it  is  an  error  of  the  writer  who  tran- 
scribed the  note  for  Lord  Malmesbury  when  edit- 
ing his  father's  papers.  E.  C.  B. 

SERJEANTS-AT-LAW  (3rd  S.  iv.  180,252.)  —  In 
the  succession  of  Serjeants,  from  1786  to  1820,  E. 
has  omitted  Sir  Archibald  Macdonald,  wheir  he 


3rA  S.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


279 


was  made  Chief  Baron  in  1793  ;  and  Lord  Alvan- 
ley,  when  he  became  Chief  Justice  of  the  Common 
Pleas  in  1801.  What  were  their  mottoes? 

Can  E.,  or  any  other  of  your  learned  correspon- 
dents, inform  me  whether  any  Serjeants  were 
called  between  Sir  Giles  Rooke,  in  1781,  and 
George  Bond,  in  1786  ?  And,  if  any,  what  were 
their  names,  dates,  and  mottoes  ? 

In  the  previous  years  of  the  reign  of  George  III., 
I  do  not  find  the  mottoes  of  the  following  ser- 
jeants,  and  should  be  glad  to  be  enabled  to  supply 
the  deficiency  :  — 

1771.  Sir  William  de  Grey,  afterwards  Lord 
Walsingham. 

1772.  William  Kempe,   Thomas  Walker,  and 
Harley  Vaughan. 

1780.  Sir  Alexander  Wedderburn,  Lord  Lough- 
borough. 

1781.  Cranley  Thomas  Kirby,   and  Sir  Giles 
Rooke.  EDWARD  Foss. 

QUOTATION  (3rd  S.  iv.  247.)  —  The  hymn 
"  Nearer,  my  God,  to  Thee ! "  referred  to  by  MB. 
PJCACOCK  is  the  first  verse  of  a  hymn  by  Sarah 
Flower  Adams,  a  musical  composer,  and  authoress 
of  several  poetical  pieces  and  criticisms.  She  died 
in  1848.  It  may  be  found  in  most  collections  of 
hymns  variously  curtailed  :  five  verses  are  given 
in  Roundell  Palmer's  Booh  of  Praise,  and  six  in 
Christian  Lyrics,  1862.  SOLSBEBG. 

This  hymnal  prayer,  "  Nearer,  my  God,  to 
Thee ! "  was  the  united  production  of  the  sisters 
Flower,  the  accomplished  and  interesting  daugh- 
ters of  the  late  eccentric  but  excellent  Benjamin 
Flower,  who  many  years  ago  originated,  and  for 
many  years  ably  conducted,  The  Cambridge  Intel- 
ligencer. Of  the  devout  hymn  in  question,  one 
sister  (Mrs.  Brydges  Adams,  I  believe  now  sur- 
viving,) was  authoress,  while  her  sister  set  it  to 
music.  Happening  on  Sunday  to  hear  it  admira- 
bly sung  by  a  chapel  choir,  I  may  freely  add  that 
the  tune  is  as  devotional  as  the  prayer  is  pure 
and  poetical.  S.  C.  FREEMAN. 

[We  have  to  thank  several  other  correspondents  for 
replies  to  this  query —  ED.] 

VITRUVIUS   IN   ENGLISH  (3rd    S.  iv.    148.)  — 

Although  not  myself  aware  of  the  existence  of 
this  work,  I  may  suggest  to  W.  P.,  in  case  he  is 
not  already  aware  of  the  fact,  that  the  library  at 
St.  Mary's  College,  at  Oscott,  contains  nearly,  if 
not  quite,  all  the  editions  ever  published  of  this 
author.  T.  C.  BOSCOBEL. 

THE  BHAGAVADGITA,  ETC.  (3rd  S.  iv.  166,  238.) 
I  thank  MR.  BUCKTON  lor  his  obliging  answer  to 
my  queries ;  it  will  be  very  useful  to  me.  I  have 
been  informed  by  a  friend  that  the  Bhagavadgita 
is  the  History  of  Vishnu  in  verse. 

Among  niy  Turkish  curiosities  is  a  bottle  of 


black  pomade  (said  to  be  used  for  the  beard), 
strongly  scented  with  attar  of  rose,  which  in  my 
lists  goes  by  the  name  of  khokhol.  As  I  know 
nothing  at  all  about  Eastern  languages,  I  will  ask 
if  this  word  is  allied  to  kohhl,  which  MR.  BUCKTON 
gives  as  the  proper  way  of  spelling  what  I  have 
as  kohol?  JOHN  DAVIDSON. 

WASHINGTON  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  iv.  231.)— A  pedi- 
gree of  Washington  of  Garesdon,  in  Wiltshire, 
descended  from  Laurence  Washington  (ob.  1619), 
Registrar  of  the  Court  of  Chancery,  brother  to 
Robert  Washington,  of  Sulgrave,  co.  Northampton, 
Esq.,  and  great-grandfather  of  Elizabeth,  heiress 
of  the  Garesdon  family,  the  wife  of  Robert  Lord 
Ferrers  of  Chartley  (whereby  the  baptismal  names 
of  Laurence  and  Washington  have  been  derived 
to  several  of  the  Earls  Ferrers),  will  be  found  in  the 
Stemmata  Shirleiana  (p.  132),  derived  "  from  Ba- 
ker's Northamptonshire,  monumental  inscriptions, 
and  deeds  penes  W.  Com.  Ferrers." 

J.  G.  N. 

CPL.  will  find  some  interesting  comments  on 
Baker's  Washington  pedigree  in  The  Washingtons, 
a  tale  by  the  Rev.  J.  N.  Simpkinson.  Some  ances- 
tors of  George  Washington  lie  buried  in  Brington 
church,  and  the  learned  and  courteous  rector 
would  perhaps  be  able  to  afford  CPL.  some  in- 
formation respecting  the  Northamptonshire  branch 
of  the  family.  J. 

SlGABEN    AND     THE     MANICH^ANS    (3rd    S.    iv. 

169.)  —  As  I  have  not  observed  that  any  answer 
has  been  given  to  the  Query  "  Who  was  Siga- 
ben  ?  "  I  throw  out  the  suggestion  that  the  per- 
son meant  is  Euthymius  Zigabenus,  a  monk  of 
the  twelfth  century,  who  compiled  a  Greek  Com- 
mentary upon  the  Four  Gospels,  and  upon  the 
Book  of  Psalms ;  he  also  wrote  a  controversial 
work,  entitled  Panoplia  Orthodoxy  Fidei  adversus 
Omnes  Hcereses,  in  which,  probably,  the  passage 
sought  for  by  your  querist  F.  H.  will  be  found. 
I.  have  not  the  book  within  reach.  Most  likely 
it  is  contained  in  the  Bibliotheca  Patrum. 

H.  COTTON. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 
Giraldi   Cambrensis  Opera,  scilicet:   I.  De  Invectionibus, 

Lib.  iv.      //.  De  Menevensi  Ecclesia   Dialogus.     III. 

Vita   S.  David.    Edited  by  J.  S.  Brewer,  M.A.,   £c. 

Published  under  the  Direction  of  the  Master  of  the  Rolls. 

(Longman.) 

It  was  intended  that  the  present  volume  should  have 
included  the  Speculum  Ecclesia: — the  most  interesting, 
and  in  many  respects  the  most  important,  of  all  the  works 
of  Giraldus.  But  Mr.  Brewer,  having  fortunately  dis- 
covered the  first  four  Books  of  Giraldus's  treatise  De  In- 
vectionibus, transcripts  of  which  had  been  forwarded  to 


280 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


g.  iv.  OCT.  3,  '63. 


the  late  Record  Commission,  but  most  unaccountably 
separated  from  the  fifth  and  sixth  Books  (already  printed 
by  Mr.  Brewer),  he  has  preferred  first  completing  this 
celebrated  invective  against  Hubert  Walter,  the  then 
Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  his  ofiicials,  witnesses,  and 
dependents — unquestionably  the  bitterest  of  the  author's 
works.  Mr.  Brewer's  account  of  this  remarkable  attack 
by  a  distinguished  ecclesiastic  upon  his  Primate,  will  be 
read  with  considerable  interest.  This  treatise  is  followed 
by  Giraldus's  Dialogus  de  Jure  et  Statu  Menevensis  Eccle- 
siee — a  document  of  considerable  value  for  a  history  of 
the  main  events  in  the  life  of  Giraldus ;  and  especially  of 
his  long  and  arduous  struggle  in  defence  of  his  own  elec- 
tion, and  the  independence  of  St.  David's, — which  has  been 
already  printed  by  Wharton,  Leland,  &c.,  but  never  so 
completely  as  in  the  present  edition  of  it.  The  Life  of  St. 
David,  likewise  published  by  Wharton,  concludes  the 
volume;  which  is  as  creditable  to  Mr.  Brewer's  editor- 
ship— and  that  is  saying  much — as  any  of  the  preceding 
volumes  for  which  the  public  are  indebted  to  his  learning 
and  judgment. 

JACOB  GRIMM —  Europe  has  sustained  a  great  loss  by 
the  death  of  Jacob  Grimm,  one  of  the  most  profound,  if 
not  the  most  profound,  scholar  of  this  age,  and  who  has 
exercised  an  influence  over  the  minds  of  philologists  and 
antiquaries,  which  will  long  bear  fruit.  Jacob  Grimm  was 
born  at  Hanau  in  Hesse-Cassel,  on  January  4,  1785,  and 
at  10  o'clock  in  the  evening  of  September  20,  he  died 
from  a  stroke  of  apoplexy,  in  his  seventy-ninth  year, 
having  passed  the  day  at  his  desk,  and  in  the  unimpaired 
enjoyment  of  his  intellectual  and  physical  powers.  We 
have  not  space  to  enumerate  the  many  important  works 
we  owe  to  his  many-sided  knowledge,  clear-sighted  in- 
tellect, and  indefatigable  industry.  The  delightful  Kinder 
und  Haus  Miihrchen  (in  which  he  was  associated  with  his 
brother  in  letters  as  in  blood,  Wilhelm  Grimm,  and  of 
which  a  well-worn  copy  of  the  second  edition  (1819),  in 
three  quaint  little  almaine  quartos,  is  still  one  of  our 
pet  books)  was  one  of  the  first.  His  Deutsche  Grammatik 
appeared  in  1819,  and  a  third  edition  of  it  in  1840.  The 
Deutsches  Rechts  Altherthiimer  appeared  in  1828,  and  was 
followed  in  1835  by  his  Deutsche  Mythologie.  The  second 
edition  of  this  encyclopaedia  of  Folk  Lore  (so  different 
from  the  first  that  he  who  is  wise  will  keep  both  upon 
his  shelves)  was  published  in  1844.  In  1852  he  com- 
menced his  Deutsche  Worterbuch,  and  his  friends  observe 
it  as  a  beautiful  coincidence  that  the  last  word  in  the  last 
published  part  is  fromm  —  that  peculiar  term  for  a  com- 
bination of  religion  and  secular  piety.  Fortunately,  as  it 
is  understood,  the  materials  for  the  completion  of  this 
great  work  are  in  such  a  state  as  to  give  good  hopes  of 
its  being  brought  to  a  satisfactory  close.  There  is  a  pleas- 
ing portrait  of  this  great  scholar  and  good  man  engraved 
by  Voight  of  Berlin,  from  a  drawing  by  Schmidt. 

SOUTH  KENSINGTON  ART  TRAINING  SCHOOLS. —  The 
new  buildings  for  these  Schools,  which  will  come  into  use 
on  the  5th  of  October,  are  the  first  permanent  buildings 
which  have  been  provided  for  the  National  Art  Training 
Schools.  The  buildings  heretofore  occupied  by  the  Art 
Classes  have  all  been  of  a  temporary  kind.  In  the  first 
instance,  in  1837,  when  the  School  of  Design  was  insti- 
tuted, the  classes  were  held  in  rooms,  on  the  second  floor 
in  Somerset  House,  once  occupied  by  the  Royal  Academy ; 
and  now  by  the  Office  for  the  Registration  of  Births, 
Marriages,  and  Deaths.  Next,  the  classes  met  in  1852  in 
Marlborough  House,  where  the  Queen,  at  the  interven- 
tion of  H.R.H.  the  Prince  Consort,  graciously  permitted 
a  training  school  for  teachers  for  the  Schools  of  Art 
throughout  the  country  to  be  first  established.  Then  in 
wooden  buildings  at  South  Kensington,  to  which  place 
the  Training  Schools  were  removed  in  1856. 


THE  CASKET  PORTRAIT. — Whatever  faith  we  may 
put  in  the  old  saying,  "  There  is  nothing  new  under  the 
sun,"  it  is  clear  photographers  contrive  to  get  something 
new  out  of  it.  The  Casket  Portrait  is  the  last  of  these 
novelties,  and  a  most  effective  one  it  is.  It  is  viewed  by 
transmitted  light,  and  consists  of  a  solid  cube  of  crystal  in 
the  interior  of  which  is  seen  the  portrait  as  a  perfectly 
solid  bust  or  miniature  piece  of  statuary  imbedded  in  the 
centre  of  the  crystalline  cube,  and  possessing  the  most  perfect 
and  exquisite  relief.  The  inventors  claim  for  the  effect 
thus  produced,  and  very  justly,  a  degree  of  reality  and 
beauty  altogether  unattainable  by  the  ordinary  photo- 
graphs ;  while  the  Casket  Portrait  appears  only  the  more 
perfect  the  more  minutely  it  is  examined.  We  will  not 
endeavour  to  explain  how  this  effect  is  produced  by  the 
combination  of  two  photographic  images  on  the  two  flint- 
glass  prisms  of  which  the  crystalline,  cube  is  composed, 
but  confine  ourselves  to  stating  that  the  manner  in  which 
the  Casket  Portrait  stands  out  in  relief  is  at  once  strik- 
ing and  effective.  It  has  another  claim  to  favour,  for,  we 
presume,  nothing  can  affect  its  durability. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 
ILLUSTRATIONS    op    MONUMENTAL    BRASSES.      Royal    4to.      (Cambridge 

Camden  Society.)    No.  II.,  or  a  complete  copy  of  the  book. 
Wanted  by  Mr.  Andrew  Jervise,  Brechin,  Scotland. 


A  BRIEF  ENO.UIRT  INTO   THE  AUTHORSHIP    op  THE  EARLIXR  WATERLBY 
NOVELS.    Effingham  Wilson,  London. 

WHO  WROTB  THE  WAvEHLEY  NOVELS?  by  Mr.  Fitz-Patrick.    Effing- 
ham  Wilson.    London,  1856. 
Wanted  by  Mr.  Saint  Jo7m  CrooJces,  1,  Nile  Street,  Sunderland. 

MoNTFADCON,  L'ANTIQUITE    ExpUQUEE. 

MAROA'HITA  PHILOSOPHICA,  1504. 
FLAXMAN'S  ACTS  OF  MERCY.    Original  edition. 
HASTED'S  KENT.    4  Vols. 
SHAW'S  STAFFODSHIRE.    2  Vols. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  R.  Simpson,  10,  King  William  Street, 
Charing  Cross,  W.C. 


THE  HOLIE  HISTORIE  OF  OUR  LORD  AND   SAVIOUR  JESUS  CHRISTS'S  NA- 

TIVITIE,  LIFE,   ACTS,  MIRACLES,  D»ATH,  PASSION,  RESURRECTION,  AND 

ASCENSION,  IN  MBTER,  Sic.,  by  the  Rev.  Robert  Holland,  M.A. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  T.  A.  Holland.  Poynings  Rectory,  Hurst- 

Pierpoint,  Sussex. 

Engravings  of  Louis  XVI.  of  France,  and  Gen.  Bernadotte, 

Wanted  by  Mr.  T.  Smith,  Post  Office,  Newcastle-on-Tyne. 


iff 

D.  DALE.  Forby.in  the  Appendix  to  his  Vocabulary,  suggests  that 
the  correct  orthography  should  be  (not  humble-pie.)  but  umble-pie,  with- 
out the  aspirate.  The.  old  books  of  cookery  give  receipts  for  making 
umble  pies. 

S.  Y.  R.  William  Stewart  Rose  died  on  April  30, 1843.  A  biographi- 
cal notice  of  him  is  prefixed  to  his  translation  o/The  Orlando  Furioso  in 
Bonn's  Illustrated  Library. 

M.  H.  R.  The  Spanish  proverb, "  Hell  is  paved  with  good  intentions," 
is  explained  in  our  1  st  S.  vi.  520. 

ANTIQOHS.  We  doubt  whether  Mr.  Ainsworth  has  an/,  authority  for  his 
statement  "  that  Charles  II.  danced  in  the  cathedral  of  St.  Paul's  during 
the  Plague." 

ERRATA — 3rd  S.  iv.  p.  225,  col.  i.  line  25,  for  "  Creed  "  read '•  Creech." 
In  article  George  Bellas  (ante  p.  256,  col.  u. )  dele  St.  Neots;  and  in  the 
preceding  article, for  "  Charniquy  "  read  "  Charnizay." 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES "  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
'ssued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  1  Is.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  O/MKSSRS.  BELL  A.\D  DALDY,  186,  FLEET  STREET,  B.C.,  to  whom 
all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 

Full  benefit  of  reduced  duty  obtained  by  purchasing  Horniman's  Pure 
Tea;  very  choice  at  3s.  id.and\s.  "High  Standard"  at  4s.  4d.  (for- 
merly 4s.  8d.),  is  the  strongest  and  most  delicious  imported.  Agents  in 
every  town  supply  it  in  Packets. 


3*d  S.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,  MANCHESTER  AND  LONDON, 

VV      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIEF  OFFICES  :  t.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.  E.Bicknell.Esq. 


T.Somers  Cocks,  Esq.,  M.A..J.P. 

Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A.. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.  Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  B.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 


James  Hunt,  Esq. 

Johu  Leigh,  Esq. 

Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 

F.B.  Marson.  Esq. 

E.  Vansittart  Nettle,  Esq.,M.A. 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,M.A. 

Jas.  Lys  Seager,  Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White, Esq. 


Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
A  ciliary. — Arthur  Soratohley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society  s  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Kates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  tne  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MKDICAI.  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  HADE  FOR  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14s. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a'Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 

O  S  T   E   O      EIBOHr. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

pABRIEL'S     SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  arp  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
27,  Harlcy  Street. Cavendish  Square,  and  34, Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street, Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &e.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth.      Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  sec,  warranted. 


JC.  and  J.  FIELD,  Original  Manufacturers  (in 
«  England)  of  PARAFFINS  CANDLES,  to  whom  the  prize 
medal  (1862)  has  been  awarded,  and  their  Candles  adopted  by  her 
Majesty's  Government  for  use  at  the  Military  Stations  abroad.  These 
Candles  can  be  obtained  of  all  Chandlers  and  Grocers  in  the  United 
Kingdom.  Price  Is.  8</.  perlb.  Also  Field's  celebrated  United  Service 
Soap  Tablets,  6rf.  and  4d.  each.  The  Public  are  cautioned  to  see  that 
Field's  label  is  on  the  packets  or  boxes.  Wholesale  only,  and  for 
Exportation,  Upper  Marsh,  Lambeth,  London,  S. 


PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 
MAGNOLIA,    WHITE    ROSE,    FRANGIPANNI,   GERA- 
NIUM, PAl'CHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  MEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1,000  others.    2s.  6rf.  each — 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 


HOLLOWAY'S  OINTMENT  AND  PILLS.— 
INSTANT  RELIEF. —  Sores  which  are  daily  extending,  ulcers 
which  are  hourly  deepening,  may  be  arrested  in  tl\eir  torturing  pro- 
srees,  and  induced  to  assume  a  healthy  action  by  applying  this  healing 
Ointment  and  taking  these  purifying  Pills.  It  soothes  all  distempers 
of,  and  extracts  all  morbid  humours  from,  the  skin.  Old  ulcers  ot  the 
legs,  inflammations  caused  by  varicose  veins,  and  cramps  of  the  lower* 
limbs  can  sensibly  be  eased  and  shortly  cured  by  Holloway's  never- 
failing  Ointment,  which  represses  excessive,  and  stimulates  sluggish 


THE    LIVERPOOL     AND    LONDON 
FIRE  AND  LITE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  in  1836. 

OFFICES:  —  !,  Dale  Street,  Liverpool!  20  and  21,  Poultry, 
London,  E.G. 

PROGRESS  OF  THE  COMPANY  SINCE  1850. 


Year 

Fire  Premiums 

Life  Premiums 

Invested  Funds 

1851 

£ 

54,305 

e 

27,157 

f 

502,824 

1856 

222,279 

72,781 

821,061 

1861 

360,130 

135,974 

1,311,905 

1862 

436,065 

138,703 

1,417,808 

The  Fire  Duty  paid  by  this  Company  in  England  in  1862  was  71.234Z. 
SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 
JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 


HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES :  — 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux  24s.  and  30s.  perdoz. 

Good  Hock 80s.    „     36s.       „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  42s.    „     48s.       „ 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24s.    „     ;>0s.       „ 

Port  24*.,  30s.    „     36s.       „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  perdoz. 

Vintage  1834 „   108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840 ,     84s.       „ 

Vintage  J847 „     72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry, 36s., 42s., 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  48s. ,60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60s.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120s.;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s., 60s.,  66s., 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  60s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymas  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz.; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 

rpHE    NATURAL    WINES    of   FRANCE. —  J. 

J.  CAMPBELL,  Wine  Merchant.  158,  Regent  Street,  recommends 
attention  to  the  following  CLARETS,  selected  by  himself  on  tne 
Garonne:  — Vinde  Bordeaux  (which  greatly  improves  by  keeping  in 
bottle  two  or  three  years),  20s.;  St.  Julien,  22s.;  La  Rose,  S6s.;  St. 
Estephe,  36s.;  St.  Emilion,  42s.;  Haul  Brion,  48s.;  Lafitte,  Latour, 
and  Chateau  Margaux,  60s.  to  84s.  per  dozen.  J.  C.'s  experience  and 
known  reputation  for  French  winen  will  lie  some  guarantee  tor  the 
soundness  of  the  wine  quoted  at  20s.  per  dozen— Note.  Burgundies  from 
3Us.  to  54s.;  Chablis,26s.  and  30s.  per  dozen.  E.  Clicquot's  finest  Cham- 
pagne, 66s.  per  dozen.  Remittances  or  town  references  should  be  ad- 
dressed JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 


PRIZE  MEDAL  AWARDED. 
TOTJIiIYIIN 


DESPATCH  BOX,  DRESSING  CASE,  AND  TRAVELLING 
BAG  MAKERS, 

7,  Ntnr  BOND  STREET,  W., 
AMD  SISK  LANE,  CITY  (NEAR  MANSION  HOUSE). 
(Established  1735.) 


THE  PRETTIEST  GIFT  for  a  LADY  is  one  of 
JONES'S  GOLD  LEVERS,  at  111.  Us.    For  a  GENTLEMAN, 
one  at  lol.  10s.    Rewarded  at  the  International  Exhibition  for  "  Cheap- 
ness of  Production." 

Manufactory,  338,  Strand,  opposite  Somerset  House. 

Now  ready,  18mo,  coloured  wrapper,  Post  Free,  &d. 

N    GOUT    AND    RHEUMATISM.     A   new 

work,  by  DR.  LAV1LLE  of  the  Faculty  of  Medicine,  Paris,  ex- 
iting a  perfectly  new,  certain,  and  safe  method  of  cure.    Translated 
by  an  English  Practitioner. 
London:   FRAS.  NEWBERY  &  SONS, 45,  St.  Paul's  Church  Yard. 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  OCT.  3,  '63. 


NOW    BEADY, 

New  Edition,  much  Enlarged  and  Improved,  price  in  Cloth,  ll.  11s.  6d.;  or  21.  2s.  bound  in  Calf, 

A  COMPLETE    DICTIONARY 

OF  THE 

ENGLISH     LANGUAGE, 

By    NOAH     WEBSTER,    LL.D. 

NEW  EDITION,  REVISED,  AND  GREATLY  ENLARGED, 

By  CHAUNCEY  A.  GOODRICH, 


PROFESSOR  IN  YALE  COLLEGE. 


THODOH  the  circulation  of  DR.  WEBSTER'S  celebrated  Dictionary,  in  its 
various  forms  in  the  United  Staffs  in  England,  and  in  every  country 
where  the  Knglish  Language  is  spoken,  may  be  counted  by  hundred,-  of 

ye 

competitors  in  the  field. 

In  announcing  this  New  Edition,  the  Proprietors  desire  to  call  atten- 
tion to  the  features  which  distinguish  it,  and  to  put  before  those  who 
are  in  want  of  such  a  book  the  points  in  whicli  it  excels  all  other 
Dictionaries,  and  which  render  it  the  best  that  has  as  yet  been  issued 
for  the  practical  purposes  of  daily  use. 

1.  ACCURACY  OP  DEFINITION. 

In  this  department  Dr.  Webster  hap  always  been  pre-eminent,  as 
a  reference  and  comparison  will  show.  Throughout,  clearness 
and  accuracy  is  aimed  at,  and  vague  verbiage  avoided. 

2.  PRONUNCIATION     INTELLIGIBLY 


Each  word  has  its  syllabic  division  ;  the  length  of  doubtful  syl- 
lables is  marked,  and  the  accent  is  placed  over  the  syllable  re- 
quiring the  stress  to  be  laid  upon  it.  Letters  of  doubtful  sound, 
such  as  c  s,  are  so  distinguished,  that  the  reader  may  know  whe- 
ther they  are  to  be  pronounced  hard  or  soft. 

3.   COMPLETENESS. 

In  this  respect  Dr.  Webster  may  claim  to  be  unrivalled.  A  care- 
ful examination  has  been  made  during  the  last  ten  years  of  nil 
scientific  vocabularies  and  original  works  on  science,  and  9,000 
words,  principally  bearing  on  technical  subjects,  are  now  added. 
This  portion  will  be  found  particularly  valuable  to  readers  of  a 
more  educated  class. 

ft.  ETYMOLOGY. 

The  etymology  has  been  adopted  after  a  careful  comparison  of 
twenty  different  languages,  and  a  study  of  the  modern  European 
languages. 

5.   OBSOLETE  WORDS. 

Many  of  the  words  in  use  by  our  greatest  writers  are  now  obso- 
lete: but  all  those  that  appeared  necessary  for  the  understanding 
of  their  works  have  been  preserved. 


0.  UNIFORMITY  IN  THE  MODE  OF  SPEL- 
LING. 

Words  that  from  caprice,  or  disregard  of  analogy,  have  hitherto 
been  spelt  differently,  are  brought  to  one  standard. 

7.  QUOTATIONS. 

Quotations,  helping  to  the  understanding  of  a  word,  or  happily 
indicating  its  use,  are  largely  used.  This  particular  distinguishes 
it  from  all  abridgments, 

8.  CHEAPNESS. 

The  volume,  containing  1624  pages,  is  sold  at  I/.  11«.  6<f.  in  cloth, 
and  will  be  found,  on  comparison,  to  be  one  of  the  cheapest  books 
ever  issued.  In  this  new  Edition,  One  Hundred  and  Seventy 
Pages  have  been  added,  without  any  addition  to  the  Price. 


With  the  determination  that  the  superiority  of  the  work  shall  be 
fully  maintained,  and  that  it  shall  keep  pace  with  the  requirements  of 
the  age  and  the  universal  increase  of  education,  the  Proprietors  have 
added  to  this  new  edition,  under  the  editorship  of  Professor  Goodrich, 

A  TABLE  OF  SYNONYMS. 

Giving  brief  discriminations  between  many  hundreds  of  wordi 
closely  allied  in  meaning.  This  Table  will  be  found  very  useful 
for  literary  purposes,  and  where  complete  accuracy  iu  the  use  of 
words  is  desired. 

AN  APPENDIX  OF  NEW  WORDS. 

Giving  moi-e  than  Nine  Thousand  words  collected  by  the  Editor, 
and  including  all  recent  Scientific  Terms. 

When  educated  people  refer  to  a  dictionary,  it  is  most  fre- 
quently for  some  recent  scientific  word  with  which  they  nre  un- 
acquainted, and  they  are  generally  unsuccessful  in  finding  it- 
this  will  not  be  found  to  be  the  case  with  Webster's. 

TABLE     OF     QUOTATIONS,     'WORDS, 
PHRASES,  &.C. 

This  Table  contains  brief  explanations  of  worJs,  phrases,  pro- 
verbs, and  colloquial  expressions,  from  the  Latin  and  other  lan- 
guages, current  in  modern  literature. 


This  GENUINE  Edition,  the  property  of  the  Author's  family,  of  WEBSTER'S  COMPLETE  DICTIONARY,  is  in  Quarto, 

1624  Pages,  with  a  Portrait  of  the  Author,  and  is  published  by 

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[8'*  S.  IV.  OCT.  10,  '63. 


TTNIVERSITY    COLLEGE,    London.— FACULTY 

\J     of  ARTS  and  LAWS—SESSION  1863-4. 
The  SESSION  will  COMMENCE  on  TUESDAY,  October  13,  when 
PROFESSOR  SEELEY,  M.A.,  will  deliver  the  INTRODUCTORY 
LECTURE  at  3  o'clock  precisely. 

CLASSES. 

Latin— Professor  Seeley,  M.A. 
Greek— Professor  Maiden.  M.A. 
Sanscrit—Professor  GoldstUcker. 
Hebrew  (Goldsmid  Professorship)— Professor  Marks. 
Arabic  and  Persian— Professor  Rieu,  Ph.  D. 
Hindustani— Professor  Syed  Abdoollah. 
Bengali  and  Hindu  Law—Professor  Gancendr  Mohun  Tagore. 
Gujarati— Professor  Dadabhai  Naorji. 

English  Language  and  Literature — Professor  Masson,  M.A. 
French  Language  and  Literature— Professor  Cassal,  LL.D. 
Italian  Language  and  Literature  —Professor  de  Tivoli. 
German  Language  and  Literature — Professor  Heimann,  Ph.  D. 
Comparative  Grammar  (1864-5)— Prof.  Key,  M.A.,  F.R.S. 
Mathematics— Professor  De  Morgan. 

Natural  Philosophy  and  Astronomy — Professor  Potter,  M.A. 
Physiology— Professor  Sharpey,  LL.D.,  M.D.,  F.R.S. 
Chymistry  and  Practical  Chymistry— Professor  Williamson,  F.R.S. 
Civil  Engineering— Professor  Pole,  F.R.S..  M.I.C,E. 
Architecture— Professor  Donaldson,  Ph.  D.,  M.I.B.A. 
Geology  (Goldsmith  Professorship)— Professor  Morris,  F.G.S. 
Mineralogy— Professor  Morris,  F.G.S. 
Drawing — Teacher,  Mr.  Moore. 
Botany— Professor  Oliver.  F.L.S. 

Zoology  (Recent  and  Fossil)— Professor  Grant,  M.D.,  F.R.S. 
Philosophy  of  Mind  and  Logic— Prof.  Rev.  J.Hoppus,  Ph.  D., F.R.S. 
Ancient  and  Modern  History— Professor  Beesly,  M.A. 
Political  Economy —Professor  Waley.M.A. 
Law— Professor  Russell,  LL.B. 
Jurisprudence— Professor  Sharpe,  LL.D. 

Resident  Students— Some  of  the  Professors  receive  students  to  reside 
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persons  who  receive  boarders  into  their  families.  The  register  will 
afford  information  as  to  terms  and  other  particulars. 

Andrews  Scholarships In  October,  1864,  two  Andrews  Scholarships 

will  be  awarded  —  one  of  $51.  for  proficiency  in  Latin  and  Greek,  and 
one  of  86J.  for  proficiency  in  mathematics  and  natural  philosophy. 
Candidates  must  have  been,  during  the  academical  year  immediately 
preceding,  matriculated  students  in  the  College,  or  pupils  of  the  school. 

A  Ricardo  Scholarship  in  Political  Economy  of  20/.  a  year,  tenable 
for  three  years,  will  be  for  competition  in  December,  1863,  and  In  De- 
cember of  every  third  year  afterwards  ;  also  a  Joseph  Hume  Scholar- 
ship in  Jurisprudence,  of  Wl.  a  year,  tenable  for  three  years,  in  Decem- 
ber, 1864,  and  in  December  of  every  third  year  afterwards;  and  a  Joseph 
Hume  Scholarship  in  Political  Economy,  of  20Z.  a  year,  tenable  for 
three  years,  in  December,  1865,  and  in  December  of  every  third  year 
afterwards. 

Candidates  for  either  of  these  three  scholarships  must  have  been, 
during  the  session  immediately  preceding  the  award,  matriculated  stu- 
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Council  of  having  regularly,  during  the  said  preceding  session,  attended 
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Jews'  Commemoration  Scholarships — A  scholarship  of  15Z.  a  year, 
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whatever  be  his  religious  denomination,  and  wherever  he  was  previ- 
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HENRY  MALPEN,  M.A.,  Dean  of  the  Faculty. 
CHAS.  C.  ATKINSON,  Secretary  to  the  Council. 
August,  1863. 

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t  lot  10s.  Rewarded  at  the  International  Exhibition  for  "  Cheap- 
of Production." 

Manufactory,  338,  Strand,  opposite  Somerset  House. 


SAUCE.  —  LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

•WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOB,  LEA  AND  PERKINS'  SAUCE. 

*»»  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester  j 
MESSRS.  CROSSE  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS,  London,  &c..  &c.  ;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 


A  New  and  Valuable  Preparation  of  Cocoa. 

FRY'  S 

ICELAND     MOSS     COCOA, 

In  1  lb..  Jib.,  and  Jib.  packets. 

Sold  by  Grocers  and  Druggists. 

J.  S.  FRY  &  SONS,  Bristol  and  London. 

Dinneford's  Pure  Fluid  Magnesia 


Has  been,  during  twenty-five  years,  emphatically  sanctioned  by  the 
Medical  Profession,  and  universally  accepted  by  the  Public,  as  the 
Best  Remedy  for  Acidity  of  the  Stomach,  Heartburn,  Headache,  Gout, 
and  Indigestion,  and  as  a  Mild  Aperient  for  delicate  constitutions,  more 
especially  for  Ladies  and  Children.  When  combined  with  the  Acidu- 
lated Lemon  Syrup,  it  forms  an  AGREEABLE  EFFERVESCING  DRAUGHT, 
in  which  its  Aperient  qualities  are  much  increased.  During  Hot 
Seasons,  and  In  Hot  Climates,  the  »•<•(;"'<«•  use  of  this  simple  and  elegant 
remedy  has  been  found  highly  beneficial.  It  is  prepared  (iii  a  state 
of  perfect  purity  and  of  uniform  strength)  by  DINNEFORD  «  CO., 
1T2,  New  Bond  Street.  London:  and  sold  by  oil  respectable  Chemists 
throughout  the  World. 


S.  IV.  OCT.  10,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


281 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  10,  1863. 


CONTENTS.— N°.  93. 

NOTES:— "Ancient  Mining  on  the  Shores  of  Lakes  Supe- 
rior," 281  —  Essay  on  the  Historical  Allusions  of  Spenser,  in 

"  the  Poem  of  the  "  Faery  Queen,"  283  —  Letter  from  Horace 
Walpole,  284  —  Counterfeit  Ballads,  Ib.  —  Sir  Philip  Hony- 
wood,  285. 

MINOR  NOTES  :  —  Anti-  Jacobin  Songs  of  the  last  Century  — 
Curious  Contraction — Innocente  Coate  —  A  Hint  to  Ex- 
tractors —  Stooky-Sabbath  —  Mutilation  of  Sepulchral 
Monuments  — Greek  Proverb  —  Edward  Harley,  2ud  Earl 
of  Oxford,  285. 

QUERIES :  —  Buff—  Sir  Walter  Chute  —  Contracts :  a  per 
centage  deducted  —  De  Wett  Arms  —  John  Fellows  — 
Friday  Street  —  Joseph  Fowke  —  "  God  save  the  King  "  in 
Church — Greyn  Court,  &c.  —  Long  Grass — Monarchs' 
Seals  —  Lord  Nelson  —  Nottingham  Probate  Court  — 
Painting  —  Political  Economy  — Quotations  Wanted  — 
Riddle  — Major  Rudyerd  —  Seth,  the  Patriarch  —  St.  An- 
thony of  Padua  preaching  to  the  Fishes  —  Sir  Richard 
Steele  —  The  Rev.  Peter  Thompson,  Ac.,  287. 

QUERIES  WITH  AN SWEHS  :— Edward  Darcy,  Esq. — Thraues 
Dragetum  —  Intended  Murder  of  James  II.  —  Robert 
Davenport  —  Simnel  Sunday  -.  Curfews  —  Ford  Queries  — 
"  Philomathie  Journal "  —  Ozone  —  James  Burnet  —  "  The 
Loves  of  an  Apothecary,"  290. 

REPLIES:  — Incorrect  Quotations,  292  — St.  Patrick  arid 
the  Shamrock,  293  —  Family  of  De  Scurth,  or  De  Scur.  294 

—  Church  of  the  Holy  Ghost,  Heidelberg —  Cold  in  June 

—  Laws  of  Lauriston  —  Blackguard  —  John  Donne — Xau- 
rence  Halsted  —  Titles  borne  by  Clergymen  —  Sketching 
Club  or  Society  —  Charity — Wives  of  English  Princes  — 
Franchise  in  Greenock  —  Peals  of  Twelve  —  Toison  d'Or 

—  St.   Anthony's    Temptation  —  Huish  —  Numismatic 
Queries  —  Madame  de  Genlis,  &c.,  295. 


"ANCIENT  MINING  ON  THE  SHORES  OF  LAKE 
SUPERIOR." 

Will  you  rescue  the  following  very  interesting 
and  instructive  paper,  written  by  your  correspon- 
dent, and  my  esteemed  friend,  J.  H.  A.  BONE, 
ESQ.,  of  Cleveland,  Ohio,  U.  S.  from  the  perishable 
columns  of  the  Cleveland  (U.  S.)  Herald,  en 
passant,  one  of  the  best  newspapers  on  the  western 
continent :  — 

"About  a  year  ago  we  spent  some  days  examining, 
with  considerable  interest,  the  extensive  evidences  of 
ancient  copper  mining  in  the  vicinity  of  Portage  Lake, 
similar  evidences  also  existing  at  various  points  along 
the  entire  mineral  range  on  the  south  shore  of  Lake 
Superior.  It  was  impossible  not  to  feel  interested  in 
these  remains  of  an  ancient  people  who  had  diligently 
explored  the  earth  for  metal,  and  whose  explorations 
have  been  valuable  guides  to  the  miners  of  the  present 
day.  The  old  pits  and  trenches  on  the  locations  of  the 
Quincy,  Pewabic,  Pontiac,  Isle  Royale,  and  other  mines, 
were  the  guide  marks  which  pointed  to  the  existence  of 
the  lodes  now  extensively  worked. 

"  The  personal  observations  made  at  that  time  added 
materially  to  the  interest  felt  in  the  perusal  of  a  work  re- 
cently issued  by  the  Smithsonian  Institution  on  Ancient 
Mining  on  tlteS/wres  of  Lake  Superior,  by  Col.  Charles  VVhit- 
tlesey.  The  work  was  written  some  six  or  seven  years 
since,  and  has  lain  in  the  archives  of  the  Institution  until 
the  present  year,  when  it  was  brought  out  and  published 
without  giving  the  author  an  opportunity  for  adding  to 
it  the  results  of  the  more  extensive  explorations  during 
the  last  four  or  five  years.  For  instance,  the  investiga- 


tions of  Col.  W.  at  Portage  Lake  were  confined  chiefly  to 
the  Isle  Royale,  Quincy  and  Pewabic  locations,  the  dense 
underbrush  preventing  his  knowledge  of  the  more  exten- 
sive workings  since  found  on  the  Ripley,  Pontiac,  and 
other  more  recent  enterprises. 

"The  fact  of  the  existence  of  these  ancient  workings 
was  first  publicly  announced  in  1848,  the  discovery  being 
made  on  the  Minnesota  mine  location.  The  attention  of 
mining  explorers  having  thus  been  called  to  the  matter, 
other  discoveries  were  soon  made  until  the  fact  has  been 
established  that  traces  of  these  ancient  workings  have 
been  discovered  along  the  whole  copper  belt  from  Copper 
Harbor  to  the  Minnesota,  and  even  down  in  the  iron  re- 
gion on  the  Carp  river.  The  three  principal  groups  or 
centres  of  operation  appear  to  be  near  the  forks  of  the 
Ontonagon  River,  in  the  Portage  Lake  basin,  and  on  the 
waters  of  Eagle  River.  These  three  places  are  also  the 
local  points  of  modern  mining. 

"  Col.  Whittlesey,  in  speaking  of  these  remains,  says : — 
" '  They  are,  for  the  most  part,  merely  irregular  de- 
pressions in  the  soil,  trenches,  pits,  and  cavities ;  some- 
times not  exceeding  one  foot  in  depth,  and  a  few  feet  in 
diameter.  Thousands  of  persons  had  seen  the  depres- 
sions prior  to  1848,  who  never  suspected  that  they  had 
any  connection  with  the  arts  of  man ;  the  hollows, 
made  by  large  trees  overturned  by  the  wind,  being  fre- 
quently as  well  marked  as  the  ancient  excavations. 
Besides  this  there  are  natural  depressions  in  the  rocks  on 
the  outcrop  of  veins,  formed  by  the  decomposition  of  the 
minerals,  that  resemble  the  troughs  of  the  ancient  miners, 
as  they  appear  after  the  lapse  of  centuries.  There  is  not 
always  a  mound  or  ridge  along  the  side  of  the  pits,  for 
most"  of  the  broken  rock  was  thrown  behind,  nearly  filling 
up  the  trenches.  A  mound  of  earth  is  as  nearly  im- 
perishable as  any  structure  we  can  form.  Some  of  the 
tumuli  of  the  West  retain  their  form,  and  even  the  per- 
fection of  their  edges  at  this  day.  But  mere  pits  in  the 
earth  are  rapidly  filled  up  by  natural  processes.  Some  of 
those  which  have  been  re-opened,  and  found  to  have  been 
originally  ten  feet  deep,  are  now  scarcely  visible.  Others 
that  have  a  rim  of  earth  around  the  borders,  or  a  slight 
mound  at  the  side,  and  were  at  first  very  shallow,  are 
more  conspicuous  at  present  than  deep  ones  without  a 
border. 

" '  There  are,  however,  pits  of  such  size  as  could  not 
fail  to  surprise  one  at  first  view,  were  not  the  effect  de- 
stroyed by  the  close  timber  and  underwood  with  which 
they  are  surrounded.  A  basin-shaped  cavity  1 5  feet  deep 
and  120  feet  in  diameter,  would  immediately  attract  the 
eye  of  the  explorer  were  it  properly  exposed.  But  it  is 
not  unusual  to  find  ten  and  twelve  feet  of  decayed  leaves 
and  stick  filling  a  trench,  and  no  broken  rock  or  gravel. 
In  such  cases  a  fine  red  clay  has  formed  towards  the 
bottom,  a  deposite  from  water,  which  indicates  the  long 
period  of  time  since  the  excavation  was  made.' 

"The  implements  with  which  the  mining  operations 
were  carried  on  were  extremely  simple.  In  nearly  every 
instance  abundant  proof  has  been  found  that  most  of  the 
work  was  performed  with  stone  mauls  of  the  rudest  de- 
scription. They  are  natural  boulders,  or  large  water- 
washed  pebbles,  oblong-shaped,  and  weighing  from  five 
to  fifteen  pounds.  In  some  instances,  as  at  the  Cop- 
per Falls  and  Minnesota  mines,  a  groove  has  been  cut 
around  these  boulders,  in  which  was  fixed  a  handle 
of  twisted  withes  or  roots.  Wherever  grooved  hammers 
are  found,  those  without  grooves  are  entirely  wanting. 
From  the  fractures  at  the  end  of  the  mauls,  it  appears 
that  the  grooved  hammers  were  used  at  either  end,  whilst 
the  ungrooved  were  held  in  both  hands,  and  the  blows 
given  with  one  end  only.  At  the  Pontiac  mine  we  saw 
a  heap  of  several  hundreds  of  those  ungrooved  stone 
hammers,  every  one  of  them  being  fractured  at  one  end. 


282 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  OCT.  10,  '63. 


The  nearest  point  at  which  those  stones  could  have  been 
procured  was  at  the  Entry,  some  fifteen  or  sixteen  miles 
distant. 

"  The  marks  of  a  pick  are  nowhere  visible  in  the  an- 
cient workings.  The  ground  was  broken  up,  and  fire 
used  for  the  purpose  of  disintegrating  the  rock.  Char- 
coal and  ashes  are  found  in  all  the  pits,  and  at  the  Pon- 
tiac  we  found  a  considerable  deposit  of  charcoal  beneath 
the  debris  of  centuries  of  decay,  which  was  the  evident 
traces  of  a  fire  unsuccessfully  used  for  the  purpose  of  dis- 
integrating a  large  mass  of  copper-bearing  rock,  which 
still  remained  where  the  ancients  found  it. 

"The  small  masses  of  copper —  for  no  other  kind  was 
sought  for  by  the  ancient  miners  —  when  found,  were 
pounded  into  the  desired  shape  by  the  stone  hammers. 
The  art  of  melting  copper  was  evidently  unknown  to 
them,  for  all  the  copper  implements  and  weapons  found 
bore  marks  of  having  been  beaten  into  shape  without 
having  first  been  heated.  The  remains  discovered  con- 
sist of  copper  chisels,  gads,  and  spearheads,  generally 
wrought  with  a  certain  amount  of  skill. 

"  Mass  copper  of  considerable  size  evidently  baffled 
their  skill,  and  caused  them  much  embarrassment.  At  the 
'  Central '  mine,  Col.  Whittlesey  says,  that  a  mass  of 
copper,  nine  feet  long,  had  been  worked  round,  and  bat- 
tered at  the  top  until  a  projecting  rim  had  been  formed, 
when  the  task  was  abandoned.  A  large  number  of 
broken  mauls  attested  the  severity  of  the  struggle,  and 
the  reluctance  of  the  old  miners  to  abandon  it.  On  the 
Minnesota  location  a  mass  of  copper,  weighing  six  tons, 
was  found  in  an  ancient  pit. 

"'The  mass  copper  had  been  raised  several  feet  along 
the  foot  wall  of  the  lode,  on  timbers,  by  means  of  wedges. 
Its  upper  surface  and  edges  'were  beaten  and  pounded 
smooth,  all  irregularities  taken  off,  and  around  the  out- 
side a  rim  or  lip. was  formed,  bending  downwards.  This 
work  had  apparently  been  done  after  the  miners  had  con- 
cluded to  abandon  the  mass.  Such  copper  as  could  be 
separated  by  their  tools  was  thus  broken  off.  The  beaten 
surface  was  smooth  and  polished,  not  rough.  Near  it  were 
found,  as  the  excavation  advanced,  other  masses,  im- 
bedded in  the  vein.  After  several  years,  this  vein  has 
been  found  by  the  modern  miners  uncommonly  rich  and 
valuable  for  the  size  and  number  of  its  masses  of  cop- 
per.' 

"  White  cedar  shovels  for  excavating  the  broken  soil, 
wooden  bowls  for  moving  large  pieces  of  rock,  and  a  rude 
ladder,  formed  of  an  oak  tree,  trimmed  so  as  to  leave  the 
stumps  of  the  branches  standing  as  steps,  have  also  been 
found. 

"It  is  a  little  curious  to  note  in  this  connection,  that 
the  ancient  tin  mines  of  Cornwall,  wrought  before  and 
during  the  occupation  of  Britain  by  the  Eomans,  eighteen 
or  nineteen  centuries  ago,  average  about  the  same  depth 
with  the  old  copper  workings  of  Lake  Superior,  and  the 
materials  of  many  of  their  tools  were  not  dissimilar. 

"  Carew,  in  his  Survey  of  Cornwall  (A.D.  1602),  says, 
speaking  of  the  tin  '  moor  works : ' — 

"  •  They  maintaine  these  workes  to  haue  beene  verie  aun- 
cient,  and  first  wrought  by  the  lewes  with  pickaxes  of 
Holme,  Boxe,  and  Harts  home :  they  prooue  this  by  the 
name  of  those  places  yet  enduring,  to  wit,  Attall  Sarnzin, 
in  English,  the  lewes  offcast,  and  by  those  tooles  daily 
found  amongst  the  rubble  of  such  workes.  And  it  may 
well  be,  that  as  Akornes  made  good  bread,  before  Ceres 
taught  the  vse  of  Come,  and  sharpe  Stones  serued  the 
Indians  for  Kniues,  vntil  the  Spaniards  brought  them 
Iron :  so  in  the  iufancie  of  knowledge,  these  poore  instru- 
ments for  want  of  better  did  supplie  a  turne.  There  are 
also  taken  vp  in  such  works,  certaine  little  tooles  heads 
of  Brasse,  which  some  terme  Thunder-axes,  but  they 
make  small  shew  of  any  profitable  use.  Neither  were  the 


Romanes  ignorant  of  this  trade,  as  may  appeare  by  a 
brasse  Coyne  of  Domitian's,  found  in  one  of  these  workes, 
and  fallen  into  my  hands:  and  perhaps  vnder  one  of 
those  Flauians,  the  lavish  workmen  made  here  their  first 
arriuall.' 

"  By  whom  were  those  ancient  mines  on  Lake  Superior 
wrought?  Col.  Whittlesey  says  certainly  not  by  the 
present  Indian  race.  They  have  no  traditions  relating 
to  them.  They  have  no  idea  of  digging  for  copper.  They 
have  proved  themselves  utterly  incapable  of  fashioning, 
from  their  own  resources,  copper  implements  in  any  way 
resembling  the  perfectness  of  the  ancient  specimens. 
Nor  have  the  Indians  of  Lake  Superior  any  tradition  re- 
specting the  Ancient  Miners  of  that  country,  just  as  what 
we  called  the  aborigines  of  this  lower  country  had  no 
traditions  respecting  the  Mound  Builders  of  Ohio.  From 
the  growth  of  the  trees  in  the  old  pits,  and  other  indica- 
tions, Col.  Whittlesey  is  inclined  to  put  the  abandon- 
ment of  the  mines  at  a  distance  of  at  least  500  or  600 
years  ago. 

"  Who  were  the  Ancient  Miners  ?  Col.  Whittlesey  is 
disposed  to  consider  it  not  improbable  that  they  were"  co- 
temporary,  if  not  identical,  with  the  Mound  Builders  of 
Ohio.  Their  mine  works  were  evidently  carried  on  in 
summer  only,  being  mere  open  cuts,  impossible  to  be 
worked  in  the  rigour  of  a  Lake  Superior  winter.  It  is 
probable  that  they  had  better  means  of  transportation 
than  the  bark  canoes  of  their  less  civilised  successors. 
They  might  have  come  in  the  spring  from  the  country  of 
the  Mound  Builders  in  Ohio  in  vessels  carrying  supplies, 
and  returning  in  the  autumn  with  the  proceeds  of  their 
labour,  and  the  bodies  of  those  who  died ;  for  no  graves 
or  funeral  mounds  of  a  date  coeval  with  the  mine  workings 
have  been  found.  Col.  W.  says :  — 

" '  The  Mound  Builders  consumed  large  quantities  of 
copper.  Axes,  adzes,  chisels,  and  ornamental  rings  are 
so  common  among  the  relics  in  Ohio  as  to  leave  no  doubt 
on  this  subject.  We  know  of  no  copper-bearing  veins  so 
accessible  as  those  of  Lake  Superior  to  a  people  residing 
on  the  waters  of  the  Ohio.  Neither  are  there  any  others 
now  known  that  produce  native  metal  in  quantities  to 
serve  as  an  article  of  commerce.  Specimens  of  pure  cop- 
per are  found  in  other  mines  of  North  America,  but  not 
as  a  predominant  part  of  the  lode.  The  implements  and 
ornaments  found  in  the  mounds  are  made  of  metal  that 
has  not  been  melted.  They  have  been  brought  into 
shape  cold  wrought,  or  at  least  without  heat  enough  to 
liquefy  the  metal,  and  were  therefore  produced  from  na- 
tive copper.  In  the  Lake  Superior  veins,  spots  of  native 
silver  are  frequently  seen  studding  the  surface  of  the  cop- 
per, united  or  welded  to  it,  but  not  alloyed  with  it.  This 
is  not  known  of  any  other  mines,  and  seems  to  mark  a 
Lake  Superior  specimen  wherever  it  is  found.  It  also 
proves  conclusively  that  such  pieces  have  not  undergone 
fusion,  for  then  the  pure  white  spots  would  disappear, 
forming  a  weak  alloy.  Copper  with  blotches  of  native 
silver  has  been  taken  from  the  mounds.  Dr.  John  Locke, 
of  Cincinnati,  possessed  a  flattened  piece  of  copper  weigh- 
ing several  pounds,  which  was  found  in  the  earthworks 
at  Colerain,  Hamilton  County,  Ohio,  having  a  spot  of 
silver  as  large  as  a  pea  forming  a  part  of  the  mass.' 

"But  throwing  aside  all  conjectural  speculations,  and 
considering  only  known  facts,  Col.  Whittlesey  says,  the 
following  conclusions  may  be  drawn  with  reasonable  cer- 
tainty :  — 

"  'The  ancient  people  extracted  copper  from  the  veins 
of  Lake  Superior,  of  whom  history  gives  no  account. 

" '  The}'  did  it  in  a  rude  way  by  means  of  fire,  and  the 
use  of  copper  wedges  or  gads,  and  by  stone  mauls. 

" '  The}'  had  only  the  simplest  mechanical  contrivances, 
and  consequently  penetrated  the  earth  but  a  short  dis- 
tance. 


.  IV.  OCT.  10,  'C3.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


283 


"  '  They  do  not  appear  to  have  acquired  any  skill  in  the 
art  of  metallurgy,  or  of  cutting  masses  of  copper. 

"  '  For  cutting  tools  they  had  chisels,  and  probably 
adzes  or  axes  of  copper.  These  tools  are  of  pure  copper, 
and  hardened  only  by  condensation  or  beating  when  cold. 

" '  They  sought  chiefly  for  small  masses  and  lumps,  and 
not  for  large  masses. 

" '  No  sepulchral  mounds,  defences,  domicils,  roads,  or 
canals  are  known  to  have  been  made  by  them.  No 
evidences  have  been  discovered  of  the  cultivation  of  the 
soil. 

"'They  had  weapons  of  defence  or  of  the  chase,  such 
as  darts,  spears,  and  daggers  of  copper. 

"'They  must  have  been  numerous,  industrious,  and 
persevering,  and  have  occupied  the  country  a  long 
time."' 

D.  M.  STEVENS. 

Guildford. 


ESSAY  ON  THE  HISTORICAL  ALLUSIONS  OF 
SPENSER,  IN  THE  POEM  OF  THE  "FAERY 
QUEEN."  * 

As  the  character  of  Prince  Arthur  is  enriched 
•with  the  achievements  of  the  British  power  as  a 
state,  so  the  reign  of  Gloriana  is  enriched  with 
events  which  took  place  prior  to  the  accession  of 
Elizabeth ;  and  in  the  first  book,  the  legend  of 
Holiness,  is  given  an  allegorical  history  of  the 
Reformation.  Una  is  the  one  thing  needful,  — 
truth  or  true  religion,  and  she  comes  to  the  court 
of  Gloriana,  to  seek  assistance,  as  the  reformers 
sought  the  assistance  of  Elizabeth ;  there  is  also 
probably  in  this  an  allusion  to  the  early  rise  of 
the  Reformation  in  England.  St.  George  is  de- 
scribed as  — 

"  Sprung  from  ancient  race, 

Of  Saxon  kings 

From  thence  a  Fae'rj'  thee  unweeting  reft, 
There  as  thou  slepst  in  tender  swaddling  band, 
And  her  base  elfin  brood  there  for  thee  left :  " 

alluding,  though  with  a  slight  perversion  of  the 
fact,  to  the  early  introduction  of  Christianity  into 
England,  and  the  change  which  occurred  under 
the  Saxon  kings,  when  Augustine  introduced  the 
Roman  Catholic  doctrines.  His  adventures  -in 
Error's  den  appear  to  be  an  allusion  to  the  rise  of 
the  Pelagian  heresy  in  the  fourth  century.  Ar- 
chimago is  the  Pope,  who,  with  Duessa,  the  Ro- 
man Catholic  doctrine,  separate  him  from  true 
religion,  and  betray  him  into  the  hands  of  Or- 
goglio,  figurative  of  the  persecution  under  Mary, 
from  which  he  is  delivered  by  Prince  Arthur,  in 
reality  by  the  power  of  England  on  the  accession 
of  Elizabeth. 

Una,  when  separated  from  St.  George,  the  re- 
presentative of  England  —  an  allusion  to  the  re- 
storation of  Popery  by  Mary  —  is  protected  by 
the  Lion,  the  emblem  of  the  Netherlands,  who 
"  mars  blind  devotion's  mart"  in  the  destruction 
of  Kirkrapine,  the  support  of  Abessa  and  Corceca, 

*  3^  g.  jv>  21,  236. 


allusions  to   the  ritual  of  the  Roman  Catholics. 

The   Belgic  Lion   is   destroyed   by  the    Sarazin 

Sansloy :  — 

"  Proud  Sansfoy, 

The  eldest  of  three  brethren ;  all  three  bred 
Of  one  bad  sire,  whose  youngest  is  Sansjoy, 

And  twixt  them  both  was  born  the  bloody  bold  Sansloy :" 

an  allusion  to  the  oppression  of  the  Netherlands 
by  Spain,  whose  Moorish  connection  is  figured 
under  the  designation  of  "Sarazirt;"  the  cha- 
racter of  the  Spanish  people  in  the  description 
and  names  of  the  brothers,  proud,  melancholy,  and 
bloodthirsty  :  and  a  triple  character,  also  alluded 
to  in  the  triple  body  of  Gerioneo,  the  oppressor 
of  Beige,  in  the  fifth  book,  which  has  reference 
to  the  three  countries  united  into  one  empire, 
under  Charles  V.  and  Philip  his  son  —  Spain, 
Germany,  and  America. 

Una  is  first  protected  from  Sansloy  by  the 
Satyrs,  which  may  probably  be  an  allusion  to  the 
reformed  faith  being  held  up  by  what  Spenser 
elsewhere  calls  the  "  brutish  multitude ; "  and 
subsequently  by  Satyrane. 

"  A  Satyr's  son  yborn  in  forest  wild, 

By  strange  adventure  as  it  did  betide, 
And  there  begotten  of  a  lady  mild, 
Fayre  Thyamis,  the  daughter  of  Labryde : " 

alluding  to  Sir  John  Perrot,  who  was  supposed 
to  be  a  natural  son  of  Henry  VIII.,  and  who, 
while  deputy  of  Ireland,  appears  to  have  pro- 
tected the  Protestants  there. 

In  calling  Archimago  the  Pope,  it  is  not  in- 
tended to  imply  that  any  particular  pope  is  al- 
luded to,  but  the  Popedom,  which  perhaps  may 
be  enlarged  to  the  Spirit  of  Evil,  which  by  the 
Protestants  of  that  time  was  considered  synony- 
mous with  the  Papacy.  Archimago  first  raises 
the  dream  to  the  Red  Cross  Knight,  which  leads 
him  to  lose  faith  in  Una.  This,  I  have  suggested, 
may  allude  to  the  Pelagian  Heresy,  or,  as  he 
raises  a  false  Una  in  Duessa,  may  allude  to  the 
mission  of  Augustine,  which  introduced  the  Ro- 
man Catholic  doctrine  to  supersede  the  action  of 
the  monks  of  Bangor,  who  kept  up  a  continual 
service  to  Christ.  We  find  him  endeavouring  to 
excite  a  dispute  between  the  Red  Cross  Knight 
and  Sir  Guyon  at  the  commencement  of  the  next 
book.  He  takes  charge  of  and  renews  the  glory 
of  Duessa,  who  had  been  stripped  and  shamed 
in  canto  viii.  of  the  first  book.  He  steals  the  sword 
of  Prince  Arthur  for  Pyrocles,  which  probably 
refers  to  the  Roman  Catholics  of  England,  who 
endeavoured  to  support  Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  the 
symbol  of  Papacy,  and  saves  Pyrocles  from  drown- 
ing, which  may  allude  to  the  rzon-destruction  of 
Spain  on  the  defeat  of  the  Armada ;  but  we  must 
not  commence  the  second  book  at  present. 

A  curious  lapsus  penna,  or  Homeric  nod,  may 
be  observed  in  the  description  of  St.  George. 
The  poem  professes  to  be  in  glory  of  Faerie  land, 


284 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  IV.  OCT.  10,  'G3. 


which  is  declared  to  be  England  ;  yet  St.  George 
is  described  as  of  the  race  of  Saxon  kings,  and 
stolen  by  a  Faery  :  — 

"  And  her  base  elfin  brood  there  forthie  left." 

The  solution  of  this  poetical  contradiction  I 
may  leave  to  others,  as  well  as  the  question  of 
identity  of — 

"  Fayre  Thyamis,  the  daughter  of  Labryde." 
That  there  is  some  meaning  or  allusion  in  it  can 
scarcely  be  denied.  FRANK  HOWARD. 


LETTER  FROM  HORACE  WALPOLE. 

I  enclose  a  copy  of  a  letter  from  Horace  Wai- 
pole,  addressed  to  William  Parsons,  Esq.,  present- 
ing to  him  a  copy  of  the  Mysterious  Mother :  — 

"  Mr.  Walpole  is  afraid  of  thanking  Mr.  Parsons  as  he 
ought  for  his  kind  compliments  lest  he  should  seem  to 
accept  them  as  due,  when  he  is  conscious  of  deserving1 
more  blame  than  praise ;  and  tho'  he  obeys  Mr.  Parsons's 
command  in  sending  him  his  tragedy,  and  begs  his  par- 
don for  his  mistake,  and  the  trouble  it  has  occasioned,  he 
is  unwilling  to  part  with  a  copy  without  protesting 
against  his  own  want  of  judgment  in  selecting  so  disgust- 
ing a  subject,  the  absurdity  of  Avhich  he  believes  makes 
many  faults  of  which  he  is  sensible  in  the  execution  over- 
looked." 

Horace  Walpole's  criticism  upon  his  own  work» 
the  child  of  his  own  fancy,  may  probably  be  a 
reproach  to  his  judgment  (if  his  modesty,  of  which 
assuredly  he  had  but  little),  be  considered  as  its 
cause.  But  Walpole  must  have  known  that  other- 
wise the  subject  is  not  one  unsuited  for  the 
drama.  It  is  the  object  of  the  stage  to  hold  the 
mirror  up  to  nature, — to  reflect  passion,  and  to 
delineate  its  results.  Sympathy  is  excited,  pity 
awakened  when  crime  is  the  result  of  unconscious 
error;  and,  whilst  the  mind  recoils  from  the  crime, 
the  spectator  feels  an  involuntary  interest  in  the 
criminal. 

Such  a  theme,  therefore,  does  possess  dramatic 
interest,  and  upon  the  poet's  power  alone  depends 
the  judgment  to  be  passed.  No  doubt  incest  is 
an  unpleasant  subject ;  so  also  is  murder ;  so  is 
adultery,  and  profligate  gallantry.  But  these 
themes  have  been  adopted  by  the  greatest  poets 
of  modern  Europe,  and  are  recognised  as  the  life 
of  those  great  works  of  art,  which  are  destined  to 
remain  the  delight  of  successive  generations.  In- 
deed, if  the  reader  will  refer  to  Walpole's  preface 
to  this  play,  he  will  find  the  subject  selected  de- 
fended upon  similar  reasons. 

The  disgust  to  which  Walpole  alludes  arises 
from  the  criminal  intention,  and  although  this  is 
held  in  abeyance  by  the  constructive  art  of  the 
author,  horror  and  not  pity  is  excited  by  the  con- 
clusion. For  the  rest,  the  play  is  of  no  great 
merit.  Walpole,  who  reprehends  Lee,  too  often 
recalls  him.  He  has  a  tendency,  to  quote  his  own 
lines  — 


" to  consummate 

The  pomp  of  horror,  with  tremendous  coolness." 

Much  of  the  poetry  is  little  more  than  very  flatu- 
lent declamation;  yet  it  would  be  unjust  to  deny 
there  are  many  lines  above  average  merit.  He 
could  condescend  to  clap-trap,  and  has  conveyed 
into  his  poetry  the  art  he  learnt  in  politics  — 
how  to  go  to  the  country  with  a  cry.  S.  H. 


COUNTERFEIT  BALLADS. 

I  lately  read  a  very  interesting  article  on 
Scottish  Ballads,  in  the  Edinburgh  Essays,  1856, 
8vo.  The  author  remarks :  — 

"  The  most  profitless  work  on  this  planet  is  the  simu- 
lation of  ancient  ballads ;  to  hold  water  in  a  sieve  is  the 
merest  joke  to  it.  A  man  may  as  well  try  to  recal  yes- 
terday as  to  manufacture  tradition  or  antiquity  with  the 
moss  of  ages  on  them.  It  has  been  attempted  by  men  of 
the  highest  genius,  but  in  no  case  with  encouraging  suc- 
cess. .  .  .  There  is  no  modern  attempt  which  could  by 
any  chance  or  possibility  be  mistaken  for  an  original. 
You  read  the  date  upon  it  as  legibly  as  upon  the  letter 
you  received  yesterday.  However  dextrous  the  work- 
man, he  is  discovered — a  word  blabs,  the  turn  of  a  phrase 
betrays  him." 

Walter  Scott  was  completely  taken  in  by  the 
Featherstonhaugh  ballad  which  Robert  Surtees 
palmed  upon  him.  And  the  very  writer  of  the 
above  quotes  a  verse  of  this  forgery  as  genuine, 
that  is,  without  a  word  about  the  imposition ;  as 
follows  :  — 

"  Death,  too,  is  always  walking  about  on  the  Borders ; 
even  the  little  children  have  seen  him,  and  know  his  face. 
The  older  troopers,  when  they  meet  him,  give  him  good 
day  like  a  common  acquaintance;  and  some  of  the  more 
familiar,  stay  for  a  moment  to  bandy  a  grim  jest  or  two 
with  him:  — 

'  Ane  got  a  twist  o'  the  craig, 
Ane  got  a  punch  o'  the  wame, 

Thou  gets  a  new  gudeman  afore  it  be  night.' 

"  A  fit  place,  truly,  to  jest  about  a  new  husband ;  the 
old  one  lying  so  still  there,  face  downward,  on  the  tram- 
pled grass." 

The  date  of  this  production  was  not  legible  to 
the  writer  of  the  essay.  The  ballad  of  "  Bartrain  's 
Dirge  "  is  also  a  simulation  by  Surtees. 

Mr.  Burton,  in  his  Book-hunter,  has  the  fol- 
lowing :  — 

'  Of  the  way  in  which  ancient  ballads  have  come  into 
existence,  there  was  one  example  within  my  own  know- 
ledge. Some  mad  young  wags,  wishing  to  test  the  criti- 
cal powers  of  an  experienced  collector,  sent  him  a  new- 
made  ballad,  which  they  had  been  enabled  to  secure  only 
in  a  fragmentary  form.  To  the  surprise  of  its  fabricator, 
it  was  duly  printed;  but  what  naturally  raised  his  sur- 
prise to  astonishment,  and  revealed  to  him  a  secret,  was, 
that  it  was  no  longer  a  fragment,  but  a  complete  ballad, — 
the  collector,  in  the  course  of  his  industrious  inquiries 
among  the  peasantry,  having  been  so  fortunate  as  to  re- 
cover the  missing  fragments !  It  was  a  case  where  neither 
could  say  anything  to  the  other,  though  Cato  mighc 


S.  IV.  OCT.  10,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


285 


wonder — quod  non  rideret  haruspex,  haruspicem  cum  vi- 
disset.  This  ballad  has  been  printed  in  more  than  one 
collection,  and  admired  as  an  instance  of  the  inimitable 
simplicity  of  the  genuine  old  versions !  " 

There  was  once  a  lady  who  told  her  husband, 
on  her  deathbed,  that  one  of  her  children  was  not 
his.  He  asked  which,  and  she  answered  :  "  That 
you  shall  never  know,"  and  quietly  expired,  leav- 
ing the  poor  man  with  all  his  children  doubtful. 
I  hope  Mr.  Burton  will  read  this,  and  feel  pricked 
in  conscience.  A.  DE  MORGAN. 


SIR  PHILIP  HONYWOOD. 
Philip,  the  fifteenth  of  the  twenty  children  of 
Sir  Robert  Honywood  of  Pett,  in  Charing,  in  the 
county  of  Kent,  by  Alice,  daughter  of  Sir  Martin 
Barntiam,  was  born  at  Charing,  Dec.  26,  1616. 

It  is  probable  that  he  served  in  the  wars  in  the 
Low  Countries ;  and  that  he  is  the  Captain  Hony- 
wood mentioned  in  an  order  of  the  House  of 
Commons  of  Dec.  9,  1641,  authorising  forty  re- 
cruits to  be  sent  abroad  for  supply  of  his  com- 
pany. 

In  1645,  when  he  had  the  rank  of  Major,  he 
was  in  command  of  a  small  garrison  of  the  King's 
near  Newark.  It  is  designated,  in  contemporary 
accounts,  as  Wirton,  Whatton,  Wareton,  and 
Worton  House.  We  believe  Wyverton,  a  house 
belonging  to  Lord  Chaworth,  is  intended  by  these 
various  appellations.  Thither,  at  the  close  of 
October  in  the  same  year,  came  the  Princes  Ru- 
pert and  Maurice,  and  other  cavalier  officers  who 
had  laid  down  their  commissions  and  left  Newark 
in  discontent,  having  previously  presented  a 
memorable  petition  or  remonstrance  to  the  King, 
whereto  the  name  of  Philip  Honywood  is  found 
subscribed. 

He  obtained  from  the  Parliament,  on  Dec.  13 
following,  at  which  period  he  is  termed  Colonel,  a 
pass  to  go  beyond  seas. 

Immediately  after  the  Restoration,  he  pre- 
sented a  petition  to  Charles  II.,  praying  for  some 
mark  of  the  royal  favour.  In  this  petition  he 
stated,  that  he  had  served  the  king  and  his  father 
for  twenty-five  years  at  sea,  and  in  both  the 
northern  expeditions;  and  had  had  a  company  at 
Portsmouth,  but  was  obliged  to  leave  it  for  his 
loyalty. 

In  Nov.  1661,  he  had  a  pass,  with  servants  and 
three  horses,  to  the  Prince  of  Orange ;  and  in 
April,  1662,  was  appointed  Commander-in-Chief 
of  the  forces  in  the  garrison  at  Portsmouth,  under 
Sir  Charles  Berkeley,  the  Lieut.-Governor.  He 
was  shortly  afterwards  knighted,  and  appears  to 
have  been  ultimately  Governor  of  Portsmouth, 
where  he  built  a  mast  dock.  In  1667,  he  had  the 
superintendence  of  the  fortifications  at  that  place 
We  infer,  from  a  somewhat  obscure  passage  in 
Hasted's  Kent,  that  he  survived  his  elder  brother 


3ir  Robert  Honywood  (who  died  in  1686),  and 
lad  an  only  daughter  Frances,  who  married 
ieorge  Sayer,  Esq. 

It  should  be  mentioned  that,  contemporary  with 
lim,  was  a  Colonel  Honywood,  who  lost  his  life 
ay  an  accident  in  January,  1662-3.  It  would 
seem,  from  Pepys's  Diary,  that  he  was  a  brother  of 
Sir  Peter  Honywood  and  Dr.  Michael  Honywood, 
Dean  of  Lincoln.  Lord  Braybrooke  states  the 
three  brothers  mentioned  by  Pepys  to  have  been 
the  sons  of  Robert  Honywood,  who  married  the 
celebrated  Mary  Waters,  or  Attwaters.  This  is 
a  mistake.  They  were  his  grandsons,  being  the 
sons  of  his  son  Robert  Honywood,  the  antiquary, 
who  died  in  1627.  (See  Topographer  and  Gene' 
alogist,  i.  398,  399.)  Another  Sir  Philip  Hony- 
wood, who  was  K.B.  and  Governor  of  Portsmouth, 
died  in  1752.  He  was,  we  imagine,  descended 
from  Sir  Thomas  Honywood  of  Essex,  one  of 
Cromwell's  Lords,  who  died  in  1660. 

We  shall  be  glad  to  be  informed,  when  the  first 
named  Sir  Philip  Honywood  died,  and  whom  he 
married.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 


Itttnor  &att$. 

ANTI-JACOBIN  SONGS  OF  THE  LAST  CENTURY. 
The  Revolutionary  party  in  France  had  not  all 
the  "  chansons  "  on  their  side,  notwithstanding  so 
much  of  their  work  has  been  done  by  these  means. 
Those  who  are  interested  on  such  matters  may 
like  a  reference  to  a  curious  little  satirical  ode  of 
M.  de  Lille,  printed  in  the  year  1778,  from  which 
I  extract  two  or  three  stanzas  :  — 

"  Vive  tous  nos  beaux  esprits, 

Encyclopedistes, 
Du  bonheur  Francais  e"pris, 

Grands  economistes ; 
Par  leurs  soins  au  temps  d'Adam 
Nous  reviendrons,  c'est  leur  plan, 
Momus  les  assiste, 

Au  gue, 

Momus  les  assiste. 
"  Du  meme  pas  marcheront 

Noblesse  et  roture ; 
Les  Francais  retourneront 

Au  droit  de  nature; 
Adieu  Parlements  et  lois, 
Adieu  Dues,  Princes  et  Rois; 
La  bonne  aventure ! 

Au  gue, 

La  bonne  aventure ! 
"  Puis,  devenus  vertueux 

Par  philosophie, 
Les  Francais  auront  des  Dieux 
A  leur  fantaisie,"  &c.  &c. 

The  similarity  between  these  lines  and  the  songs 
of  the  Anti-Jacobin  will  at  once  occur. 

Turgot  and  his  system,  according  to  the  Me- 
moirs of  the  Abbe  Georgel,  were  caricatured  in 
the  same  style :  — 


286 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"»  S.  IV.  OCT.  10,  '03. 


"  Ce  ministre  gros  et  gras, 
Et  d'tine  epaisse  encolure, 
Veut  detruire  tous  les  elats ; 

Turlure, 
Meme  la  magistrature, 

Robin  turlure. 

"  Point  de  feodalite, 
Nous  dit-il  dans  ses  brochures ; 
Mon  cri  esfc  la  liberte, 

Turlure ; 

Hors  le  roi,  tout  est  roture, 
Bobin  turlure. 

",0  royaume  infoi'tune"! 
Dans  quelle  mesaventure, 
Turgot  t'a-t-il  plonge? 

Turlure, 

Toi  et  la  race  future, 
Robin  turlure." 

FRANCIS  TRENCH. 
Islip,  Oxford. 

CURIOUS  CONTRACTION. — Near  the  entrance  to 
the  Observatory  at  Greenwich  there  is  the  fol- 
lowing inscription :  — 

"  Carolus  II.,  Rex  Optimus, 
Astronomiaj  et  Nauticae  Artis 

Patronus  Maximus, 
Speculam  hauc  in  utriusque  commodum 

Fecit. 

Anno  Dni.  MDCLXXVI.  Regni  Sui  xxvm. 

Curante  Jona  Moore  milite, 

R.  T.  S.G." 

This  means,  that  the  building'was  erected  under 
the  care  of  Jonas  Moore,  Knight,  Rei  Tormentarce 
Supervisor e  Gencrali,  Survey  or -General  of  the 
Ordnance.  WM.  DAVIS. 

INNOCENTE  COATE. — 

"  Progers,  I  wold  have  you  (besides  the  embroidered 
sute),  bring  me  a  plaine  riding  suite,  with  an  innocents 
coate,  the  suites  I  have  for  horsebacke  being  so  spotted  and 
spoiled  that  they  are  not  to  be  seene  out  of  this  island." — 
Charles  R.  to  Progers,  in  Grammont's  Memoirs,  Bohn's 
ed.  p.  381,  note  130. 

The  editor,  Sir  Walter  Scott,  takes  innocente 
coate  to  mean  mourning  coate,  Charles  wearing 
the  mourning  for  his  father.  Does  it  not  seem 
rather  to  have  been  a  clean,  spotless  coat,  which 
he  wanted  his  faithful  Progers  to  send  him  ?  If 
there  is  no  authority  more  clear  for  reading  in- 
nocent =  mourning,  extant,  I  incline  to  read 
from  the  old  dictionaries  innocent  =  spotless. 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

A  HINT  TO  EXTRACTORS.  —  Copying  old  spel- 
ling is  very  slow  work:  and  not  easily  done,  as 
the  copier  is  apt  to  forget  himself;  or  to  remember 
himself,  if  you  please.  First  make  the  extract  in 
our  spelling,  at  your  ordinary  speed.  Then  go 
oyerjt  with  a  pencil  or  red  ink,  or  something  dis- 
tinctive, and  turn  new  into  old,  from  your  ori- 
ginal. By  this  you  will  more  correctly  follow 
your  author,  and  the  printer  will  more  correctly 
follow  you  ;  and  both  will  save  time. 

A.  DE  MORGAN. 


STOOKY- SABBATH.  —  Conversing  with  a  farmer 
of  the  Upper  Ward  of  Lanarkshire  the  other  day, 
he  told  me  that  "  Stooky-Sabbath  "  was  the  name 
given  to  the  Sunday  on  which  the  most  corn  was 
"  stooked  "  on  the  fields  during  harvest. 

J..D.  CAMPBELL. 
Glasgow. 

MUTILATION  OF  SEPULCHRAL  MONUMENTS.  —  I 
wish  to  record  one  of  the  most  disgraceful  instances 
of  this  abominable  practice,  which  some  time  ago 
came  under  my  notice.  Its  audacity  makes  it  the 
more  remarkable.  The  chancel  of  Stapleford 
church,  Cambridgeshire,  was  some  few  years  since 
(as  it  is  commonly  called)  restored,  and  amongst 
other  repairs  the  floor  was  relaid.  A  board  af- 
fixed to  the  wall  bears  the  following  inscription :  — 

"  Beneath  the  flooring  of  this  Chancel  lie  some  Monu- 
mental Slabs,  with  inscriptions  on  them,  of  which  the 
following  are  copies :  — 

A.D.  1699. 

Arthur  Joscelin,  Senior,  was  buried  June  13th. 
September  15th,  1709.     Elizabeth  Joscelyn,  a  Widow,  was 

Buried. 
Jane  the  Daughter  of  Arthur  Joscelyne,  Esq.,  and  Ann 

his  Wife,  was  Buried,  March  ye  5th,  1732. 
Sept.  2.    Ann  Joscelyne,  Widdow  of  Arthur  Joscelyne, 

Esq.,  was  Buried,  1732." 

I  believe  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Ely  paid  for 
the  said  restoration.  XP. 

GREEK  PROVERB.  —  Aristotle,  in  his  Politics 
(book  viii.  chap.  ii.  sec.  12,  13,  ed.  Congreve), 
quotes  the  proverb,  ?/A%J  6  ?j\os.  He  uses  it  to 
illustrate  his  assertion,  that  tyrants  are  fond  of 
bad  men  :  "  irovrip6^>iKov  ?;  rvpawis :"  for,  he  goes 
on  to  say,  "  xpr]ffi/j.ot  at  irovrjpol  tls  TO.  irovripd '  rt\if>  yap 
6  ^A.os,  Sxrirep  ij  irapoi/j.ta."  Mr.  Congreve,  in  his 
note,  translates  this,  "  for  one  nail  drives  out 
another;"  as  though  it  were  an  abbreviation  of 

-he  proverb  quoted  by  Liddell,  Giles,  &c. :  "  &\\(? 
7Aa>  fKKpoveiv  rbv  -tikov."  It  would  seem  to  corre- 
spond to  our  English  saying,  "Pin  to  pin;"  as 

.  g.  Bloomfield's  "  Richard  and  Kate  "  :  — 

"  As  like  him,  ay,  as  pin  to  pin." 
Mr.  Walford,  in  his  translation,  renders  it  by 
'  Like  to  like,  as  the  proverb  says,"  and  alludes 
,o  Eustathius.  I  shall  be  glad  of  any  examples 
of  this  saying  in  Greek  authors.  While  on  the 
ubject  of  Aristotle,  I  would  remark  that  he  is 
'the  philosopher"  sought  after  (3rd  S.  ii.  408)  as 
jailing  Death  "that  terrible  of  terribles."  The 

assage  occurs  in  Eth.  Nicom.,  book  iii.  cap.  9, 
ec.  6  ;  where,  treating  of  the  'Ai/Spe?os,  he  says  : — 

OvQtis  yap  inro/j.eveTiKa>Tfpos  TWV  Seivwv.  <bo§eptara- 
ov  8'  6  Sdvaros" 

W.  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 

EDWARD  HAHLEY,  2ND  EARL  OF  OXFORD. — On 
be  death  of  this  noble  patron  of  literature,  Vertue 
vas  employed  by  his  countess  to  make  a  catalogue 
f  all  the  pictures  and  portraits  in  all  styles  left 


S.  IV.  OCT.  10,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


287 


by  the  earl  in  his  several  mansions,  and  of  his 
library  contained  in  his  three  London  houses,  at 
Marylebone,  Wimpole,  and  Clerkemvett.  Amongst 
these  books  he  particularly  mentions  a  complete 
collection  of  proofs  of  his  own  works  up  to  the 
year  1740.  "These,"  he  says,  "had  been  pre- 
served and  gathered  by  me  for  my  good  Lord,  for 
which  he  paid  me  very  generously.  It  was  in  his 
library  at  Marylebone,  and  was  sold  by  Osborne 
to  the  Earl  of  Ay  lesbury  for  fifty  guineas."  (Addit. 
MS.  23,093,  Brit.  Mus.)  As  no  mention  is  made 
of  the  earl's  residence  in  Clerkenwell  either  by 
Mr.  Cromwell  or  by  Mr.  Pinks  in  their  Histories  of 
this  parish,  am  I  correct  in  my  conjecture  that  it 
was  Newcastle  House,  sometimes  called  Albemarle 
House,  where  the  mad  Duchess  of  Albemarle 
lived  and  died  ?  J.  YEOWELL. 


BUFF. — Using  the  common  word  buff"  (the  co- 
lour) the  other  day,  I  was  asked  what  I  meant  by 
it  ?  I  replied,  a  yellowish-brown,  the  colour  of 
leather  shooting-gaiters ;  but  was  told  I  was  wrong, 
and  that  the  colour  buff  is  the  palest  yellow,  with- 
out any  admixture  whatever  of  brown;  and,  in 
fact,  more  like  a  washed-out  primrose  than  any- 
thing else ;  I  supported  my  side  of  the  question  by 
a  reference  to  Hudibras,  canto  i.  287 :  — 
"  His  doublet  was  of  sturdy  buff," 

evidently  thick  tanned  leather.  However,  not 
agreeing,  we  turned  to  Johnson's  and  to  Walker's 
Dictionaries,  and  found  it  ^described  as  a  pale  or 
light  yellow  (the  colour  of  wash-leather),  and  also 
found  a  substance  called  buff,  buffalo  leather,  this 
is  what  must  have  displayed  its  "  sturdiness  "  in 
alleviating  old  Hudibras's  cruel  "  bangs."  The 
question,  of  course,  went  against  me,  for  buff  (the 
substance)  is  not  buff.  But  with  all  due  defer- 
ence to  the  Dictionaries,  I  don't  think  that  people 
mean  a  pale  yellow  when  they  use  the  word  buff, 
excepting  my  friend,  and  I  fancy  that  the  reason 
he  thinks  so  must  be,  that  there  is  no  other  colour 
left  him,  without  going  on  the  one  side  into  scarlet, 
and  on  the  other  into  green,  for  hardly  two  per- 
sons agree  as  to  what  colour  it  is.  I  find  all  va- 
rieties of  yellow-brown,  brown-yellow,  red-brown, 
&c.  &c.,  used.  Once  I  was  told  that  it  is  a  grey, 
much  inclining  to  slate-grey,  and  was  informed  on 
one  occasion  that  there  was  no  doubt  about  it  be- 
i"?  flesh-colour,  from  the  popular  saying,  "  in  your 
buff,"  i.  e.  naked.  I  should  like  to  know  for  what 
peculiar  tint  it  is  used  in  Somersetshire,  North- 
umberlandshire,  or  any  other  distant  county ;  also, 
if  there  is  any  corresponding  word  for  it  in  France 
or  Germany?  I  am  afraid  it  is  difficult  to  get  any 
definite  answer  to  "  What  is  buff?"  considering 
that  on  an  average  one  in  every  fifteen  is  colour 


blind  to  some  colour ;  and  on  this  particular  colour 
nearly  fifty  per  cent,  differ. 

What  regiment  is  called  "The  Buffs?"  and 
why  ?  I  have  heard  that  in  the  Peninsula  their 
clothes  were  so  worn  out  with  service,  that  they 
had  to  wear  buff,  i.  e.  leather.  Is  this  true  ?  * 

JOHN  DAVIDSON. 

SIR  WALTER  CHUTE.  —  He  was  living  in  1604, 
and  seems  to  have  been  of  a  Kentish  family. 
Where  can  I  find  any  account  of  him  ?  CPL. 

CONTRACTS  :  A  PER  CENTAGE  DEDUCTED. — Hav- 
ing lately  met,  in  a  contract,  that  the  sum  was  to 
be  paid  "  less  2|  per  cent.,"  I  have  been  anxious 
to  learn  the  reason  for  the  deduction.  It  was 
about  the  year  1784.  Since  then  occurred  another 
such  clause,  "  the  house  was  insured  for  5001.,  and 
with  the  deduction  of  three  per  cent,  they  paid  me 
4851"  This  was  in  1748.  Was  there  any  act  of 
parliament  authorising  these  deductions  on  con- 
tracts ?  Something  of  the  kind  appears  in  5  W. 
&  M.  c.  21,  s.  3 :  9  &  10  W.  III.  c.  25,  s.  37 ;  and 
48  G.  III.  c.  149,  s.  9;  but  these  do  not  seem  to 
touch  the  above.  Can  any  of  your  readers  learned 
in  the  history  of  taxes  solve  the  question  ? 

WYATT  PAPWORTH. 

DE  WETT  ARMS.  —  Where  can  I  obtain  the 
blazonry  of  the  arms  of  the  De  Wett  family,  who 
lived  in  Amsterdam  in  the  seventeenth  century. 
The  seal  which  I  have  gives  me  ar.  a  Catherine 
wheel,  but  of  what  tincture  I  cannot  tell,  nor  can 
I  make  out  the  crest  and  motto.  HERALD. 

JOHN  FELLOWS. — Can  you  give  me  any  biogra- 
phical particulars  regarding  John  Fellows,  a  poet 
of  the  last  century,  author  of  The  Holy  Bible  in 
Verse  (in  4  vols.),  1778,  and  other  works? 

R.  INGLIS. 

FRIDAY  STREET. — There  are  several  roads  so 
called  in  Surrey :  one  in  Abinger,  another  in 
Ockley,  and  a  third  in  Wotton.  What  is  the 
origin  of  the  name?f  CPL. 

JOSEPH  FOWKE.  —  Of  this  gentleman,  who  held 
a  high  position  under  the  East  India  company, 
there  is  an  account  in  Rebecca  Warner's  Original 
Letters  (1817),  p.  202.  It  is  there  stated  that  he 
died  "  three  or  four  and  twenty  years  ago,"  that  is 
to  say,  about  1793  or  1794 ;  but  at  p.  226  is  a  letter 
from  him  dated  Malmesbury,  Nov.  20,  1797. 

Mr.  Croker,  in  the  12mo.  edition  of  Boswell's 
Life  of  Johnson  (x.  254),  states  Mr.  Fowke  to 
have  died  about  1794.  The  real  date  of  his  death 
will  oblige. 

[*  Some  remarks  on  the  word  Buff  will  be  found  in 
"  N.  &  Q."  1"  S.  xi.  467 ;  2"<»  S.  ix.  4.— ED.] 

[f  Friday  Streets  are  also  common  in  most  villages  in 
the  neighbourhood  of  Framlingham,  in  Suffolk.  Stow 
says,  that  Friday  Street,  in  Cheapside,  was^'so  called  of 
Fishmongers  dwelling  there,  and  serving  Friday's  mar- 
ket."— Survey,  p.  131,  edit.  1842.— ED.] 


288 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


S.  IV.  OCT.  10,  '63. 


I  may  here  note  an  error  in  the  index  to  the 
last  cited  work,  under  Mr.  Fowke's  name.  For 
"  v.  436  "  should  be  read  "  vi.  136,  140." 

S.  Y.  R. 

"GoD  SAVE  THE  KING"  IN  CHURCH. — I  happened 
to  attend  divine  service  in  St.  Nicholas's  church, 
Newcastle,  on  Sunday,  August  30,  during  the 
meeting  of  the  British  Association  in  that  town. 
On  this  occasion  the  mayor  and  corporation  came 
in  state,  and  as  the  procession  moved  up  the  aisle 
the  organ  played  "  God  save  the  King."  I  was 
told  that  the  National  Anthem  is  always  per- 
formed when  the  mayor  appears  at  church.  Is 
this  custom  peculiar  to  Newcastle,  or  does  it  pre- 
vail elsewhere  ?  C.  H. 

GREYN  COURT,  ETC. — In  a  pedigree  of  the  Hart 
family,  recorded  in  the  Visitation  of  Kent  (1668), 
is  the  marriage  of  "  Henry  Hart,  Lord  of  the 
Manor  of  Greyn  Court,"  to  Elizabeth,  daughter 
of  David  Willard.  Can  any  of  your  correspon- 
dents inform  me  in  what  part  of  Kent  "  Greyn 
Court "  is  situated  ?  And  also,  where  David  Wil- 
lard's  family  was  located  ?  I  should  fancy  that  it 
was  in  the  northern  part  of  the  county.  The 
registers  of  Newington  and  Milton  afford  in- 
stances of  the  name  of  Willard. 

W.  H.  HART,  F.S.A. 

Folkestone  House,  Koupell  Park,  Streatham. 

LONG  GRASS.  —  In  Norden's  Surveyor's  Dia- 
logue, first  published,  says  Watt,  in  1607,  but  I 
quote  the  edition  of  1610,  there  is  the  following 
.statement.  I  have  often  seen  the  work  quoted, 
and  Notden's  topographical  works  were  in  high  re- 
putation :  — 

"You  are  not  acquainted  with  the  meddowes  upon 
Dove  Bank,  Tandeane  [Taunton  Dean],  upon  Seaverne 
side,  Allerraore,  the  Lord's  meddow,  in  Crediton,  and  the 
meddowes  about  the  Welch -poole,  and  especially  a  med- 
dow not  farre  from  Salisburie,  neere  a  bourne  under  the 
plaine,  that  beares  grasse  yearely  above  ten  foote  long, 
though  many  thinke  it  incredible,  yet  it  is  apparant  that 
the  grasse  is  commonly  sixteene  foote  long.  It  is  made 
shorter  before  cattle  can  feede  on  it,  and  when  the  cattle 
have  fed,  hogges  are  made  fat  with  the  remnant,  namely, 
with  the  knots  and  sappe  of  the  grasse  "  (p.  155). 

I-am  one  of  these  cattle :  this  grass  must  be 
made  shorter  before  I  can  swallow  it.  What  do 
your  readers  say  ?  What  is  now  the  tallest  grass 
in  England  ?  A.  DE  MORGAN. 

MONARCHS'  SEALS. — I  find  in  a  newspaper  an 
unauthenticated  fragment  to  the  effect  that  mon- 
archs  sometimes  gave  greater  weight  to  their  sanc- 
tion of  a  mandate  by  incorporating  three  hairs 
from  their  beard  with  the  wax  forming  the  seal, 
and  that  a  deed  of  1121  contains  proof  of  such 
custom  in  the  testing  or  execution  clause.  Is 
this  true  ?  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

LORD  NELSON. — When  and  where  did  Nelson 
say,  that  "  the  island  of  Sardinia  is  worth  a  hun- 
dred Maltas  ?  "  C.  W. 


NOTTINGHAM  PROBATE  COURT.  —  I  believe  that 
at  Nottingham  there  is  a  Probate  Court.  Will 
some  Nottingham  correspondent  be  good  enough 
to  tell  me  the  places  from  which  the  wills  depo- 
sited there  would  be  taken  ?  XP. 

PAINTING. — I  have  seen  an  oil  painting  repre- 
senting the  interior  of  room,  evidently  the  labora- 
tory of  a  chemist.  In  the  centre  a  venerable  man 
is  seated ;  before  him  stands  a  woman,  whose 
pulse  he  appears  to  be  feeling.  In  the  background 
stands  a  man  mixing  something  in  a  mortar  ;  vari- 
ous chemical  apparatus  are  strewn  about  the 
room.  In  one  corner  of  the  picture  appear  the 
initials  "  I.  M.  C."  with  the  date  1824.  What 
circumstance  is  intended  to  be  represented  in  this 
painting,  and  who  was  the  artist  ?  CARILFORD. 

Cape  Town. 

POLITICAL  ECONOMY.  —  Who,  in  an  invective 
against  Political  Economy,  has  represented  it  as 
the  science  to  make  the  rich  richer,  and  the  poor 
poorer  ?  ABHBA. 

QUOTATIONS  WANTED.  —  Under  the  engraving 
from  the  painting  by  Sir  David  Wilkie,  called 
"  The  Only  Daughter,"  the  following  pretty  lines 
arc  inscribed;  perhaps  some  correspondent  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  can  inform  me  who  is  the  author  of 
them :  — 

"  Shall  she  repair  the  broken  string 

Upon  her  old  guitar? 
Or  hear  again  her  cage-bird  sing 
Unto  the  morning  star? 

"  One  little  hour,  and,  oh!  the  wild 

Deep  anguish  of  that  hour ! 
And  she  shall  be  that  suffering  child 
Of  earth,  or  heaven,  a  flower !  " 

Who  again  is  the  author  of  the  lines  often  in- 
scribed under  engravings  of  the  "  Aurora  "  of 
Guido? 

"  O  mark  again  the  coursers  of  the  sun, 
At  Guide's  call,  their  round  of  glory  run ; 
Again  the  rosy  hours  resume  their  flight, 
Oosctlred,  and  lost  in  floods  of  golden  light." 

OXONIENSIS. 

"  Chase 
A  panting  syllable  through  time  and  space." 

•  EDWARDS. 

"  And  when  I'm  laid  beneath  the  sod 

Far  from  the  light  of  day, 
Pity  may  say,  his  heart  was  broken, 
But  why  she  cannot  say." 

"  Stand  still,  my  steed,  let  me  review  the  scene, 
And  summon  from  the  shadowy  past 
The  things  that  once  have  been." 

UNDE? 

"  0 !  for  a  booke,  and  a  shadie  nooke,  eyther  in-a-doore 

or  out, 

With   the   grene  leaves   whisp'ring  overhode,  or  the 
streete  cryes  all  about, 


3rd  S.  IV.  OCT.  10,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


289 


Where  I  male  reacle  all  at  iny  ease  both  of  the  newe 

and  olde, 
For  a  jollie  goode  booke  whereon  to  looke  is  better  to 

me  than  golde." 

ABHBA. 

RIDDLE.  —  Wanted,  information  respecting  a 
riddle  which  was  made  by  a  lady  not  long  ago, 
and  the  solution  of  which  was,  by  her  will,  to  pro- 
cure for  any  one  who  should  be  fortunate  enough 
to  be  able  to  give  it,  1000Z.  A.  B.  C. 

MAJOR  RUDYERD  of  the  36th  regiment  of  foot, 
and  twenty-eight  years  Tower  Major  of  Gibraltar, 
died  at  Chatham,  Oct.  3,  1793,  set.  85;  and  his 
widow  died  at  Whitby,  June  17,  1813,  aged  above 
a  hundred.  I  shall  be  glad  of  his  Christian  name, 
and  of  any  other  information  about  him.  I  be- 
lieve he  was  the  father  of  Henry  Rudyerd,  Lieut.  - 
Col.  of  the  Royal  Engineers,  who  died  in  1828 
(being  the  father  of  Capt.  H.  T.  Rudyerd,  who 
died  at  Bangalore,  June  21,  1824,  and  of  Samuel 
Rudyerd,  Colonel  of  the  Royal  Artillery,  who  died 
at  Whitby,  July  19,  1847,  set.  61,  and  is  buried  at 
Sneaton,  in  Yorkshire,  with  Mary  his  mother,  who 
died  March  22,  1839,  set.  88).  '  S.  Y.  R. 

SETH,  THE  PATRIARCH. — While  reading  through 
the  Chronicles  "  Joannis  a  Leida,"  Frankfort,  1620, 
I  find  in  lib.  xxxi.  c.  26,  the  following  curious 
account  of  the  discovery  of  the  body  of  the  patri- 
arch Seth.  In  the  year  1374  some  excavations 
were  being  made  in  the  Valley  of  Jehoshaphat  in 
connection  with  the  monastery.  After  digging  to 
the  depth  of  about  six  feet,  "  stadium  unius 
hominis,"  sounds  as  of  the  grunting  of  pigs, 
"grunnitum  porcorum,"  were  heard.  The  "Sar- 
raceus  "  present  considered  these  sounds  to  be  a 
protest  on  the  part  "  diaboli "  against  the  build- 
ing a  Christian  monastery  ;  the  Christians,  on  the 
other  hand,  gave  it  as  their  opinion  that  the  earth 
was  chanting  forth  praises  at  the  prospect  of 
having  the  gospel  established  in  that  spot.  At  all 
events  the  digging  went  on,  and  "invenerunt 
tumulum  de  lateribus  compositum,"  on  opening 
which  they  discovered  "  cadaver  mirae  magnitu- 
dinis  integrum  cum  barba  prolixa  et  capillis  maxi- 
mis  in  pellibus  ovinis  et  integris  sepultum.  Deinde 
sub  capite  ejus,  pellis  ovina,  quae  erat  Integra,  in 
longitudine  triginta  pedum  cum  qua  (ut  creditur) 
Adam  indutus  fuit,  et  super  caput  ejus  invenerunt 
tabulam,  in  qua  literis  concavatis  ad  modum  sigilli 
Hebraice  inscriptum  fuit  sic  :  Ego  Seth,  tertio- 
genitus  filius  Auae  (Eve),  credo  in  Jesum  Chris- 
tum filium  Dei  et  in  Mariam  Virginem,  matrem 
ejus,  de  lumbis  meis  ventures."  The  chronicler 
gives  this  story  on  the  authority  of  an  eye-witness, 
"  Dominus  Joannes  de  dorno  Villarii,  Doctor 
Sacrse  Theologise,  videns  fieri  oculis  suis,  trans- 
scripsit  de  terra  sancta  anno  prsedicto  Joanni  de 
Solcntia,  S.T.D.  consocio  suo." 

Perhaps  some  of  your  readers  may  be  able  to 


give  further  information  on  this  "  wonderful  dis- 
covery." Can  it  be  corroborated,  and  is  anything 
known  of  the  present  existence  or  whereabouts  of 
these  reliquiae  ?  CHESSBOROUGH. 

ST.  ANTHONY  OF  PADUA  PREACHING  TO  THE 
FISHES.  —  Lady  Morgan  mentions  in  one  of  her 
books  that  she  saw  a  picture  in  the  Borghese 
Palace  at  Rome,  representing  St.  Anthony  preach- 
ing to  the  fishes.  She  also •  states,  "that  the 
saint's  sermon  was  to  be  purchased  in  many  of  the 
shops  at  Rome,  and  that  he  began  his  discourse 
thus  —  '  Dearly  beloved  fish,'  &c.  The  legend 
adds,  that  at  the  conclusion  of  the  sermon  the  fish 
bowed  to  the  saint  with  profound  humility,  and  a 
grave  religious  countenance."  The  Very  Rev.  Dr. 
Husenbeth,  in  his  valuable  Emblems  of  Saints, 
under  the  heading  of  "  St.  Anthony  of  Padua," 
gives  one  of  the  saint's  emblems  as  "  preaching  to 
fishes"  .  .  .  Callot.  (P.  13,  ed.  1850.)  Where 
is  the  saint's  sermon  to  be  found  in  extenso  ? 

J.  DAI/TON. 

SIR  RICHARD  STEELE. — In  the  volume  of  the 
Bibliographer's  Manual  just  issued,  Mr.  Bohn 
calls  attention  to  certain  additions  and  improve- 
ments, and  refers  specifically  to  the  article  on 
"  Steele."  I  take  leave,  therefore,  to  ask,  what  is 
the  authority  for  inserting  the  following  among 
Steele's  Works  ?  — 

"  Predictions  for  the  Year  1708,  &c.  By  Isaac 
Bickerstaffe," — certainly  one  of  the  best  known 
works  of  Swift,  published  by  Swift  himself  in  the 
first  volume  of  his  Miscellanies,  1727,  and  by 
Faulkner,  in  1735,  in  the  edit,  of  Swift's  Works. 

Again,  in  the  list  of  Steele's  Works,  I  find,  — 

"  The  Antidote,  &c.,  occasioned  by  the  dispute 
between  Woodward,  &c.  1719.  The  Antidote, 
No.  2,  &c.  1719." 

Now  we  know  that  Arbuthnot  and  the  Tory 
Scriblerians  entered  very  zealously  into  the  dis- 
pute against  Woodward ; — more  zealously  than  we 
had  supposed,  if  the  commentator  on  Wagstaffe's 
Miscellanies  be  correct  (3rd  S.  i.  381)  ;  but  why 
should  Steele  intermeddle  ?  If  these  pamphlets 
were  in  favour  of  Woodward,  it  might  explain 
why  Steele  himself  was  so  roughly  handled  by  his 
old  friends.  I  know  nothing  of  these  pamphlets, 
and  therefore  ask  for  information.  S.  R.  S. 

THE  REV.  PETER  THOMPSON  was  minister  of 
the  United  Presbyterian  Church  in  Cliff  Lane, 
Whitby,  from  1799  till  1804,  when  he  removed  to 
Leeds.  He  published  The  Time  of  Peace,  a  Ser- 
mon preached  on  the  first  of  June,  1802.  Whitby, 
8vo,  1804.  Any  additional  information  respecting 
him  will  be  acceptable  to  S.  Y.  R. 

CHARLES  VERRAL. — This  gentleman  was  author 
of  a  poem  called  The  Pleasures  of  Possession, 
1810,  and  Servius  Tuttus,  a  Tragedy,  and  Saladin, 
a  Dramatic  Romance,  published  about  1814.  Mr. 


290 


[S"»  S.  IV.  OCT.  10,  '63. 


Verral  was,  I  believe,  an  apothecary  at  or  near 
Seaford.  Wanted,  the  date  of  the  author's  death, 
or  any  further  information  regarding  his  works. 
I  think  he  was  a  contributor  to  The  Brighton 
Magazine,  1822.  R.  INGLIS. 

WlIITSTABLE    AND     SEA    SALTER   CHURCHES. 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  oblige  me  with 
the  date  of  the  erection  of  Whitstable  and  Sea 
Salter  churches  ?  Any  information  respecting 
them  would  be  thankfully  received.*  S. 

ZINCOGRAPHY. — In  the  Exhibition  of  1862  there 
were  some  facsimiles  of  rare  books  produced  by 
this  process  exhibited  in  the  French  Court.  I 
recollect  an  early  Italian  Arithmetic,  a  volume  of 
Geryonne's  Annales  de  Mathematique,  4to,  and  a 
folio  of  Fermat's.  Can  any  of  your  readers  add 
to  this  list  of  reproductions,  or  give  any  in- 
formation as  to  a  Catalogue  of  books  that  have 
'been  published  in  facsimile  ?  This  particular  pro- 
cess was  invented  by  Col.  Sir  Hen.  James,  for,  I 
think,  the  reproduction  of  engravings.  I  have 
heard  something  of  another  process,  in  which, 
however,  the  matter  to  be  copied  was  destroyed 
in  the  process.  WM.  DAVIS. 


toS  fotff) 

EDWARD  DARCT,  ESQ.  —  The  second  wife  of 
Sir  Erasmus  Philipps  of  Picton  Castle,  Bart.,  and 
mother  of  the  "good  Sir  John,"  was  Katherine, 
daughter  and  coheir  of  Edward  Darcy  of  New- 
hall,  in  the  county  of  Derby,  Esq.,  by  Lady  Eliz- 
abeth Stanhope,  daughter  of  Philip,  Earl  of 
Chesterfield.  Dame  Katherine  Philipps  died  on 
November  15,  1713,  and  was  buried  in  the  parish 
church  of  St.  Giles's-in-the-Fields,  London.  Her 
father,  Edward  Darcy,  was  the  son  of  Sir  Robert 
Darcey,  Knt.,  who  was  the  fifteenth  in  lineal 
male  descent  from  Norman  D'Areci,  who  came  to 
England  with  William,  Duke  of  Normandy,  who 
gave  him  Nocton,  and  thirty-two  lordships  in 
Lincolnshire.  In  the  Diary  of  John  Evelyn,  I 
find  the  following  entry  :  — 

"  1632,  21st  October.  My  eldest  sister  was  married  to 
Edward  Darcy,  Esq.,  who  little  deserved  so  excellent  a 
person — a  woman  of  so  rare  virtue.  I  was  not  present  at 
the  nuptials;  but  I  was  soon  afterwards  sent  for  into 
Surrey  ....  While  I  was  now  trifling  at  home,  I 
saw  London,  where  I  lay  one  night  only.  The  next  day 
I  dined  at  Beddington,f  where  I  was  much  delighted 
with  the  gardens  and  curiosities.  Thence  we  returned  to 
the  Lady  Darcy's  at  Button. 

"  1634, 15th  December.  My  dear  sister  Darcj'  departed 
this  life,  being  arrived  to  her  20th  year  of  age ;  in  virtue 
advanced  beyond  her' years,  or  the  merit  of  her  husband, 
the  worst  of  men.  She  had  been  brought  to  bed  the  2nd 

[  *  Some  particulars  of  these  two  churches  may  be  found 
in  Hasted's  Kent,  iii.  551,  558.— En.] 

t  The  ancient  and  once  magnificent  seat  of  the  noble 
family  of  the  Carews. 


of  June  before,  but  the  infant  died  soon  after  her,  the 
24th  of  December.  I  was,  therefore,  sent  for  home  the 
second  time,  to  celebrate  the  obsequies  of  my  sister ;  who 
was  interred  in  a  very  honorable  manner  in  our  dormi- 
tory adjoining  the  parish  church,  Avhere  now  her  monu- 
ment stands." 

Was  Edward  Darcy,  "the  worst  of  men,"  who 
married  Mistress  Evelyn,  one  and  the  same  per- 
son with  Edward  Darcy  who  afterwards  married 
Lady  Elizabeth  Stanhope,  and  became  the  father 
of  Dame  Katherine  Philipps  of  Picton  Castle  ? 
Any  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q."  who  can  iden- 
tify the  individual,  and  produce  evidence  of  his 
having  led  a  better  life  as  he  grew  older,  will 
greatly  oblige  JOHN  PAVIN  PHILLIPS. 

Haverfordwest. 

[Edward  Darcy,  Esq.,  was  the  only  son  and  heir  of 
Sir  Robert  Darcy,  Knt.,  of  Newhall  in  Derbyshire,  who 
became  possessed  of  Dartford  priory  and  the  manor  of 
Temples  in  1612.  'Edward  Darcy  inhabited  Dartford 
House,  and  was  twice  married ;  first  to  Elizabeth,  daugh- 
ter of  Eichard  Evelyn  of  Surrey,  Esq.,  by  whom  he  had 
no  issue:  secondly,  to  Lady  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Philip 
Stanhope,  first  Earl  of  Chesterfield,  by  whom  he  left 
three  daughters,  his  coheirs  —  Katherine,  who  married 
Sir  Erasmus  Phillips  of  Picton  Castle,  Pembrokeshire, 

Bart. ;  Dorothy,  who  married  Sir Rokesby ;  and 

Elizabeth  married,  first,  to  Thomas  Milward  of  Derby- 
shire, Esq. ;  and,  secondly,  to Barnes.  Vide 

Hasted's  Kent,  i.  217;  and  Dunkin's  Hist,  of  Dartford, 
p.  186,  ed.  1844.] 

THRAUES  :  DRAGETUM. — In  a  document  which 
sets  forth  the  value  and  customs,  &c.,  of  a  vicar- 
age in  the  reign  of  Richard  II.,  I  find  the  follow- 
ing passage :  — 

"  Item  idem  vicarius  debet  percipere  et  habere  per  ma- 
nus  rectoris  ecclesiae  ibidem  annuatim  ratione  dictaj 
vicariae  suae  xxiiii  thrones  garbarum  de  frumento,  hordeo, 
drageto  et  avena,  quae  grana  ut  nunc  traduntur  prasdicto 
rectori,"  &c. 

Will  any  of  your  correspondents  tell  me  the 
meaning  of  the  words  in  italics,  together  with 
other  instances  of  their  use.  DIPLOMATICUS. 

[The  word  is  not  thrane  but  thraue,  twenty-four 
sheaves  or  shocks  =  one  thrave.  In  some  counties,"  how- 
ever, twelve  sheaves,  or  three  shocks,  make  the  thrave. 
The  shock  is  the  bundle  of  sheaves,  generally  six  of  them, 
set  up  ready  for  carrying  in  the  harvest-field  In  Latin 
charters  it  is  written  thrava  Had!,  and  it  probably  comes 
from  the  Saxon  Jjreaf,  a  bundle.  The  following'curious 
note  from  the  Rev.  L.  B.  Larking's  Knights  Hospitallers 
in  England  (printed  for  the  Camden  Society),  p.  230,  will 
well  explain  dragetum :  — 

"  Dragge,  menglydcorne  (DrageorMestlyon  P.),  Promp- 
torium  Parvulorum;  where  Mr.  Way  notes — 'In  the  13th 
century  the  grains  chiefly  cultivated  in  England,  as  ap- 
pears by  the  accounts  of  the  Bailiff  of  the  Royal  Manor  of 
Marlborough,  Rot.  Pip.  1  E.  I.,  were  wheat,  berecorn. 
dragg,  or  a  mixture  of  vetches  and  oats,  beans  and  peas.' 
The  regulations  for  the  brewers  of  Paris  in  1254,  pre- 
scribe that  they  shall  brew  only  '  de  grains,  c'est  a  s;i- 
voir,  d'orge,  de  mestuel,  et  de  dragc'e.  Ri-glement  sur  les 
Arts,  &c.,  ed.  by  Depping.  Tusser  speaks  of  Dredge  as 
commonly  grown  in  the  eastern  counties  — 

'  Sow  barley  and  dredge  with  a  plentiful  hand.' 

'  Thy  dredge  and  thy  barlie  goe  thresh  out  to  malt.' 


S.  IV.  OCT.  10,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


291 


Bishop  Kennett,  in  his  Glossarial  Collections  (Lansd.  MS. 
1033),  mentions  '  dredge  mault,'  malt  made  of  oats  mixed 
with  barley  malt,  of  which  they  make  an  excellent  fresh, 
quick  sort  of  drink  used  in  Staffordshire." 

We  have  frequently  seen  peas,  oats,  and  beans  growing 
together  in  France.  The  words  Drape,  Dragetum,  is  of  con- 
stant occurrence  in  early  accounts.^] 

INTENDED  MURDER  OF  JAMES  II.  —  In  Letters 
from  the  Bodleian,  vol.  ii.  p.  134,  Mr.  T.  Carte, 
the  historian,  writing  to  Mr.  G.  Ballard,  May  4, 
1754,  says  :  — 

"  I  had  a  letter  in  the  beginning  of  this  week  from  Mr. 
Monkhouse,  and  inclosed  in  it  a  relation  of  the  design  of 
murdering  K.  James  II.  at  War-minster.  It  agrees  with 
one  which  I  had  from  the  late  learned  Mr.  G.  Harbin, 
who  had  it  from  Dr.  Sheridan,  Bp.  of  Kilmore,  who  as- 
sisted Sir  G.  Hewet  at  his  death,  when  he  expressed  his 
repentance  of  having  been  engaged  in  that  design." 

In  what  work  are  any  particulars  to  be  found, 
of  this  intended  assassination  of  James  II.  ?  J. 

[Some  particulars  of  this  intended  assassination  are 
printed  from  Carte's  Memorandum  Books  in  Macpher- 
son's  Original  Papers,  i.  280-283,  edit.  1776,  4to.  Con- 
sult also  Sir  John  Reresby's  Memoirs,  p.  167,  edit.  1734. 
After  the  desertion  of  Churchill  and  Grafton  at  Salisbury, 
"a  new  light,"  says  Lord,  Macaulay,  "flashed  on  the 
mind  of  the  unhappy  King.  He  thought  that  he  under- 
derstood  why  he  had  been  pressed  [by  Churchill],  a  few 
days  before,  to  visit  Warminster.  There  he  would  have 
found  himself  helpless,  at  the  mercy  of  the  conspirators, 
and  in  the  vicinity  of  the  hostile  outposts.  Those  who 
might  have  attempted  to  defend  him  would  have  been 
easily  overpowered.  He  would  have  been  carried  a  pri- 
soner to  the  head-quarters  of  the  invading  army.  Per- 
haps some  still  blacker  treason  might  have  been  committed ; 
for  men  who  have  once  engaged  in  a  wicked  and  perilous 
enterprise  are  no  longer  their  own  masters,  and  are  often 
impelled,  by  a  fatality  which  is  part  of  their  just  punish- 
ment, to  crimes  such  as  they  would  at  first  have  shud- 
dered to  contemplate."  Hist,  of  England,  ii.  512,  ed.  1856. 
We  learn  from  Nichols's  Anecdotes  of  William  Bowyer, 
4to,  1782,  p.  203,  that  Thomas  Carte's  manuscripts,  con- 
sulted by  Macpherson,  are  now  in  the  Bodleian  library.] 

ROBERT  DAVENPORT.  —  I  desire  to  be  informed 
where  I  can  gain  the  most  complete  account  of 
this  old  poet,  including  his  pedigree,  family,  &c. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  City  Night  Cap,  pub- 
lished in  1661.  D.  DALE. 

[No  particulars  are  known  of  Robert  Davenport,  the 
author  of  The  City  Night  Cap,  which  was  licensed  in  the 
year  1624.  It  appears  that  he  wrote  in  the  time  of 
James  I.,  as  two  of  his  more  serious  poems  were  published 
in  1625.  These  were  written  at  sea,  and  were  dedicated 
to  Richard  Robinson  and  Michael  Bowyer,  who  were  both 
players.  He  was  livingin  1655  when  King  John  and  Matilda 
was  printed.  Mr.  Malone  says,  he  was  the  author  of  a 
play  not  published,  called  ThePirate,  of  which  there  can  be 
little  or  no  doubt,  for  in  S.  Sheppard's  Epigrams,  Theolo- 
gical, Philosophical,  and  Romantic,  1651,  is  one  "To  Mr. 
Davenport  on  his  play  called  T/JC  P/rate."  Davenport  seems 
to  have  written  a  good  deal  of  poetry  which  has  never 
been  printed.  In  Thorpe's  Catalogue  of  Manuscripts, 
1836,  No.  1450,  is  a  volume  of  his  poems,  dedicated  to 
William,  Earl  of  Newcastle,  Viscount  Mansfield,  Lord 
Boulsover,  and  Ogle,  an  original  autograph  •manuscript, 
4to.  Also,  in  the  Cambridge  University  Library,  Dd.  x. 
30,  there  is  a  poem  by  him,  entitled  "A  Survey  of  the 
Sciences."] 


SIMNEL  SUNDAY  :  CURFEWS.  —  In  the  Daily 
Telegraph,  Sept.  23,  before  the  Bury  magistrates, 
a  witness  is  represented  as  speaking  of  meeting  a 
person  on  Simnel  Sunday.  Whence  is  this  de- 
rived ? 

At  Halnaker  House,  Boxgrove,  Sussex,  there 
are  said  to  be  two  curfews  as  old  as  the  Conquest 
(vide  Allen's  Surrey  and  Sussex,  ii.  519,  ed.  1830). 
Are  they  still  extant  ?  I.  M.  N.  OWEN. 

[Simnel  Sunday  is  better  known  as  Midlent,  or  Mo- 
thering Sunday,  and  was  so  called  because  large  cakes, 
called  Simnels,  were  made  on  this  day.  (Baines's  Lan- 
cashire, ii.  677.)  Bailey,  in  his  Dictionary  (fol.  1764,  by 
Scott),  says  Simnel  is  probably  derived  from  the  Latin 
simila,  fine  flour,  and  means  a  sort  of  cake  or  bun  made  of 
fine  flour,  spice,  &c.  Herrick,  who  died  in  1674,  has  the 
following  in  his  Hesperides :  — 

"  A  Ceremonie  in  Glocester. 
"  He  to  thee  a  Simnell  bring, 
'Gainst  thou  go'st  a  mothering, 
So  that,  when  she  blesseth  thee, 
Half  that  blessing  thou'lt  give  me." 

The  two  copper  curfews,  riveted  together,  are  now  in 
the  hall  of  the  seat  of  the  Duke  of  Richmond,  Goodwood 
House,  to  which  Halnaker  is  attached.] 

FORD  QUERIES. — 1 .  John  de  Ford,  Abbot  of  Ford, 
Devonshire,  was  confessor  to  King  John.  Is  any- 
thing known  respecting  the  history  of  this  worthy's 
family  ? 

2.  Simon  Ford,  an  elegant  Latin  poet   (born 
1619)  was,  by  his  mother's  family,  the  Worths 
descended  from  the  founder  of  Wadham  College, 
Oxford.     In  what  way  were  the  Worths  connected 
with  the  founder  of  the  college  ? 

3.  Are  the  Devonshire,  Sussex,  and  Warwick- 
shire families  of  Ford  in  any  way  related  to  each 
other  ? 

4.  In  whose  county  history  can  I  find  a  pedi- 
gree of  Ford  of  South  Brent,  Devonshire  ? 

CARILFORD. 

Cape  Town. 

[1.  Nothing  is  known  respecting  the  family  of  the 
Abbot  of  Ford.  Vide  Oliver's  Monasticon  Diocesis  Ex- 
oniensis,  p.  339 ;  More's  History  of  Devon  (Biography), 
p.  25 ;  and  Prince's  Worthies  of  Devon,  p.  295. 

2.  Simon  Ford's  mother  was  descended  from  Nicholas 
Wadham,  uncle  to  the  founder. 

4.  Consult  Pole's  History  of  Devon ;  Westcote's  History 
of  Devon,  and  Tuckett's  Devonshire  Pedigrees,  p.  156.] 

"  PHILOMATHIC  JOURNAL." — About  1 824,  a  serial 
bearing  the  foregoing  title  was  commenced.  Who 
were  its  projectors,  conductors,  and  contribu- 
tors ?  It  seems  to  have  been  ably  supported.  Is 
it  to  be  had  readily  ?  How  long  was  it  kept  up  ? 

SAMUEL  NEIL. 

[The  Philomathic  Institution  was  founded  in  the  year 
1807,  and  received  the  patronage  of  the  Duke  of  Sussex. 
Its  objects  were  to  cultivate  the  intellectual  powers,  and 
promote  the  advancement  of  science  and  letters.  Its 
Journal,  published  quarterly,  commenced  in  1824,  and 
closed  its  brief  career  in  1826,  making  four  vols.,  8vo. 
The  names  of  the  contributors  were  not  given,  because 


292 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


g.  iv.  OCT.  10,  '63. 


many  of  them  had  an  aversion  to  publicity.  In  an  Ad- 
dress at  the  end  of  the  fourth  volume  it  was  proposed  to 
substitute  for  the  Quarterly  numbers  an  annual  volume, 
which  however  never  appeared.] 

OZONE.  —  What  is  ozone  ?  In  the  pronuncia- 
tion is  the  last  letter  accented  ?  IGNORAMUS. 

[O'zone  (ofco,  to  smell),  is  a  new  elementaiy  substance, 
to  which  Prof.  Schonbein,  of  Basle,  ascribes  the  peculiar 
smell  evolved  in  electrical  operations,  at  the  anode  or  posi- 
tive surface.  He  supposes  it  to  be  a  constituent  of  an  elec- 
trolyte, small  quantities  of  which  exist  in  both  air  and 
water.  VideHoblyn's  Dictionary  of  Medical  Terms,  edit. 
1858,  p.  446 ;  and  Ogilvie'a  Imperial  Dictionary,  Supple- 
ment. Both  these  authors  accent  the  first  syllable.  We 
learn  from  the  papers  lately,  that  Mr.  W.  C.  Barder  has, 
after  eight  years'  study,  discovered  something  of  the 
whereabouts  of  ozone.  Wind  which  has  recently  come 
over  the  sea,  he  tells  us,  is  almost  invariably  charged 
with  ozone ;  while  land  breezes  bring  but  little  of  it  on 
their  breath.] 

JAMES  BURNET. —  I  have  a  copy  of  Burns's 
Works  in  two  large  octavo  volumes,  published  at 
Edinburgh  in  18 11,  containing  many  illustrations, 
mostly  from  drawings  byBurnet,  some  of  which  are 
engraved  by  him.  They  are  well  done,  and  full  of 
character.  Can  you  inform  me  where  the  original 
drawings  are,  and  where  a  life  of  Burnet  may  be 
seen  ?  S.  B. 

[Biographical  notices  of  James  Burnet,  landscape  pain- 
ter, may  be  found  in  Allan  Cunningham's  Lives  of 
British  Painters,  vi.  313;  and  Chamber's  Biog.  Diet,  of 
Eminent  Scotsmen,  v.  57.  It  appears  that  some  of  Bur-' 
net's  paintings  are  in  the  possession  of  his  relatives,  and 
others  among  the  costlv  picture  galleries  of  our  nobi- 
lity.] 

"THE  LOVES  OP  AN  APOTHECARY."  —  A  very 
curious  and  original  book  with  this  title  was  pub- 
lished in  1854.  Of  any  English  work  I  have  read, 
it  reminds  me  most  of  Jean  Paul.  Could  any  of 
your  readers  inform  me  who  wrote  it,  and  if  the 
same  author  has  written  any  other  book  ? 

J.  W. 

[Mr.  Frederick  Greenwood  is  the  author  of  the  Loves  of 
an  Apothecary.  The  Path  of  Hoses  is  another  story  by  the 
same  writer,  who  has  contributed  to  the  Cornhill  Magazine 
from  the  commencement  of  that  miscellany,  we  believe.] 


INCORRECT  QUOTATIONS. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  193.) 

Every  scholar  must  be  deeply  obliged  to  your 
correspondent  JANNOC  for  his  observations  on  this 
subject.  Although  but  a  humble  student  in 
Classic  and  Mediaeval  Antiquity,  I  have  often 
suffered  the  greatest  annoyance  from  the  careless 
way  in  which  authorities  are  cited.  It  is  incre- 
dible how  the  same  blunder  has  been  perpetuated 
by  one  author  copying  from  another  again  and 
again,  without  referring  to  the  original.  To  ob- 
tain correctness  in  the  contributions  to  the  Dic- 


tionary of  Architecture,  issued  by  the  Architec- 
tural Publication  Society,  it  has  been  the  custom 
from  the  commencement  of  that  work  to  verify 
every  quotation,  where  practicable.  I  put  this 
saving  clause  because  occasionally  an  author  gives 
a  reference  so  vague  that  much  research  has  failed 
to  discover  the  passage.  Sometimes,  indeed,  the 
Committee  is  accused  of  not  citing  a  well-worked 
reference,  some  revisor  having  found  its  incor- 
rectness. But  probably  most  of  your  student- 
readers  are  but  too  well  acquainted  with  "  loose 
quotations,"  and  with  the  little  value  the  general 
public  set  upon  the  labour  of  obtaining  correct 
ones. 

A  little  jeu-(fesprit  was  handed  about  a  short 
time  since  illustrative  of  the  practice  of  the  revi- 
sion above-named,  and  of  the  good-humoured 
feeling  that  prevails  among  the  active  members 
engaged  on  that  work. 

It  was  written  for  one  of  the  working  evenings 
of  the  Architectural  Publication  Society,  when 
certain  of  the  editors,  contributors,  &c.  meet  to 
compare  notes,  and  despatch  business.  The 
phrases  "  Biogs,"  "  Geogs,"  "  Poliogs,"  are  abbre- 
viations in  use  among  the  editors,  and  signify  the 
"  biographies  "  of  the  various  architects,  the  "geo- 
graphy "  of  the  countries  described,  and  the  "po- 
liography  "  or  account  of  the  cities  remarkable  for 
fine  architecture.  The  phrases  "  Materials," 
"  Nomenclature,"  &c.  allude  to  the  leading  heads 
under  which  the  various  articles  fall.  The  lines 
run  thus,  and  are  entitled  — 

"THE  A.  P.  S.  ALPHABET." 
A  is  an  Architect,  driving  his  pen : 
B  our  '  Biogs,'  some  of  rather  small  men : 
C  are  the  Critics,  who  look  rather  shy : 
D  is  the  Dictionary — never  say  die ! 
E  is  the  Editor,  surly  and  grim  : 
F  is  the  Fun,  which  we  oft  poke  at  him  : 
G  are  the  '  Geogs,'  long,  tedious,  and  dull : 
H  Half -and- Half,  how  I  long  for  a  pull ! 
I  Illustrations,  they're  famous  no  doubt : 
K  the  Kind  Keepers,*  who  forage  them  out : 
L  the  Lithographers,  alwa}rs  behind : 
M  are  '  Materials,'  those  we  don't  mind : 
N  '  Nomenclature,'  what  work  for  the  pen : 
O  are  the  Oysters  we  ordered  at  ten  : 
P  are  the  '  Poliogs,'  oh  !  what  a  lot : 
Q  is  a  Letter  the  shortest  we've  got : 
R  are  Revises,  they're  always  dull  work : 
S  is  our  Secret'ry,  out-and-out  Turk! 

Earnest  remonstrances  being  made  as  to  the  se- 
verity of  the  expression,  the  author  burst  out  with 
this  parenthetical  and  indignant  justification  of 
his  verse  — 

"  Yes ;  I  call  him  a  Turk, 

For  he  drives  us  to  work, 
And  blows  up  like  bricks  if  we  venture  to  shirk : 

He  bores  for  <  MS.,' 

For  '  Proofs '  and  for  '  Press.' 
And  scolds  for  '  Revise,'  till  we're  quite  in  distress : 


*  The  Keepers  of  the  drawings  and  engravings. 


3"»  S.  IV.  OCT.  10,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


293 


And  what's  worse  than  all,  he  (conceive  our  vexation !) 
Compels  us  to  verify  ev'ry  quotation ! 
Herodotus,  Cato, 
Vitruvius  or  Plato, 

He'll  have  ev'ry  word,  and  he  won't  be  said  nay  to : 
The  Latin  Apicius, 
The  Dutch  Burgersdicius, 
Theocritus,  Pliny,  Severus  Sulpicius, 
Pausanias  or  Pindar,  Solinus  or  Varro, 
Tertullian,  Augustine,  or  Bingham,  or  Barrow, 
He  makes  you  transcribe  him,  line,  chapter,  and  verse, 

or  he 

Writes  you  to  say, '  Your  citation's  too  cursory.' 
And  should  a  poor  scribbler  but  venture  to  nab  as  his 
Own,  a  snug  bit  from  the  '  Clouds '  or  '  Anabasis ; ' 
Or  make  any  blunder  in  metre  or  grammar, 
By  Jove !  Sir,  he's  on  you,  as  down  as  a  hammer ; 
Nor  spares  you  one  morsel,  nor  bit — no !  nor  half  a  bit ; — 
80  now  I'll  go  on  with  my  A.  P.  S.  Alphabet." 
T  are  the  Tables,  our  columns  that  swell : 
V  are  the  Volumes,  they're  certain  to  sell : 
VV  the  Writers,  who  think  their  works  fine : 
X  the  'Xpenses,  a  farthing  a  line : 
Y  is  Yourself  *  we're  delighted  to  tease : 
Z  is  Zo-o-phorus,  alias  a  frieze : 

But  here  come  the  oysters,  and  here  comes  the  beer  — 
'  Success  to  the  A.  P.  S.  number.'    Hear !  hear ! 
Three  rattling  huzzas,  and  a  finishing  cheer !  " 

The  above  appeared  in  print  in  The  Builder, 
vol.  xviii.  p.  474.  It  is  hardly  necessary  to  say  that 
the  "Turk"  of  a  secretary  is  Mr.  Wyatt  Papworth. 
The  writer  of  the  lines  is  understood  to  be  Mr. 
Arthur  Ashpitel,  F.S.A.,  a  constant  contributor 
to  ycur  pages.  A  MEMBER. 


ST.  PATRICK  AND  THE  SHAMROCK. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  187,  233.) 

Thanks  to  your  obliging  correspondent  F.  C.  H. 
for  his  remarks  on  the  tradition  respecting  the 
use  made  by  St.  Patrick  of  the  shamrock,  to 
illustrate  the  doctrine  of  the  Blessed  Trinity. 

It  is  somewhat  remarkable,  that  in  none  of  the 
histories  of  St.  Patrick,  nor  in  the  histories  of 
Ireland,  with  which  I  am  acquainted,  mention 
seems  to  be  made  of  St.  Patrick  having  made  use 
of  the  shamrock,  &c.  And  yet,  though  no  his- 
torical evidence  can  be  cited,  it  does  not  seem 
"  unreasonable "  to  inquire  about  the  origin  of 
the  tradition :  for  many  other  traditions,  not 
written,  can  be  traced  to  a  probable  origin.  I 
should  wish,  therefore,  for  some  additional  in- 
formation on  the  subject.  F.  C.  H.  is  respect- 
fully informed,  that  Colgan — who  was  Professor 
of  Theology  in  the  Franciscan  convent  of  St. 
Anthony  of  Padua,  at  Louvain — published  a  folio 
volume  in  1645,  entitled  Acta  Sanctorum  Veteris 
ct  Majoris  Scotia  (Louvain).  A  second  volume 
-was  published  at  Louvain,  in  1647,  under  the 
title  of  Triadis  Thaumaturga,  &c.  It  contains 
the  Lives  of  St.  Patrick,  St.  Columb,  and  St. 
Bridget.  This  appears  to  be  the  work  referred 

*  The  Secretary. 


to  by  the  writer  of  the  article  in  the  last  number 
of  the  Quarterly  Review.  (See  the  Abbe  Mac- 
Geoghegan's  History  of  Ireland,  vol.  i.  p.  112,  ed. 
Dublin,  1831).  J.  DALTON. 

Norwich. 


The  plant  always  worn  in  Ireland,  on  St.  Pa- 
trick's Day,  March  17,  is  the  Trifolium  repens. 
The  Oxalis  acetosa,  or  wood  sorrel,  though  not  a 
rare  plant,  does  not  grow  in  great  profusion.  It 
is  also  too  delicate  a  plant,  as  it  is  one  of  the  most 
beautiful  of  the  wild  flowers.  It  would  fade  and 
droop  in  an  hour  after  it  was  plucked.  It  is,  I 
believe,  very  rare  in  parts  of  England.  In  the 
beautiful  beech  woods  of  Briickenau,  in  Fran- 
conia,  it  grows  in  the  greatest  profusion.  Con- 
nected with  the  fire-worship  which  prevailed  in 
Ireland,  there  is  one  curious  and  interesting  cir- 
cumstance in  the  tradition  :  the  white  clover,  the 
blanche  flew  of  the  old  Troubadours,  was  the 
most  sacred  herb  after  the  missel  toe  in  the  my- 
thology of  the  Druids.  Suppose  St.  Patrick, 
when  asked  to  explain  the  mystery  of  the  Trinity, 
took  a  leaf  of  this  plant — one  of  the  holiest  in  the 
old  mythology — and  used  it  to  explain  his  mean- 
ing, it  requires  no  great  stretch  of  imagination  to 
feel  what  the  effect  would  be  on  his  hearers. 
Would  not  this  be  a  fine  subject  for  some  of  our 
great  artists  ?  FRANCIS  KOBEHT  DAVIES. 

Ynischawr. 


Without  wishing  to  interfere  with  the  argu- 
ments on  this  point,  I  may  be  permitted  to  say 
that  there  exists  a  mistake  somewhere  as  to  the 
identity  of  the  grass  called  the  shamrock.  The 
real  Irish  trefoil  (shamrock)  is  not  clover,  nor 
wild  sorrel,  but  a  grass  peculiarly  indigenous  to 
some  parts  of  Ireland  only.  This  may  seem  a 
strange  assertion,  yet  it  is  perfectly  correct ;  and 
as  a  proof,  there  is  not  a  peasant  in  Ireland  who 
cannot  point  out  the  difference  between  clover 
and  the  genuine  trefoil :  the  latter  being  much 
smaller,  and  less  silky  in  leaf  and  stem,  than  any 
other  species  of  trefoil  grass,  exotic  or  native 
(and  there  are  several  specimens  of  both),  found 
in  the  country.  S.  REDMOND.  , 

Liverpool. 

I  have  always  considered  that  the  wood-sorrel 
was  the  genuine  shamrock — the  "  Herb  Trinity," 
said  to  have  been  "made  use  of  by  St.  Patrick." 
But  on  what  authority  can  the  Quarterly  apply  the 
name  of  shamrock  to  the  pimpernel  and  the  speed- 
well ?  C.  A.  B. 

Whether  in  his  own  Latinity,  or  in  that  of 
Father  Thomas  Messingham,  who  incorporated 
Jocelyn's  Life  and  Acts  of  Saint  Patrick  into  his 


294 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  OCT.  10,  '63. 


Florilegium  Insula  Sanctorum  (1624),*  the  Cister- 
cian Monk  supplies  but  little  beyond  a  congeries 
of  miracles,  which,  certain  Mosaic  and  evangelic 
imitations  excepted,  are  generally  as  trivial  as 
apocryphal.  His  narrative  is  simply  this  :  —  At 
sixteen  the  saint  was  carried  off  by  pirates  into 
Ireland,  and  there  sold  as  a  slave ;  after  six  years' 
swine-herding,  he  (miraculously,  of  course)  es- 
caped ;  was  again  taken,  and  sold  for  a  kettle, 
which  declined  its  daily  function  of  boiling  water, 
and  incontinently  turned  the  blazing  turf-sods 
into  ice ;  whereupon  the  disappointed  purchaser 
was  but  too  glad  to  let  him  return  home  unran- 
somed.  He  then  studied  Theology  eighteen  years 
under  Bishop  Germanus,  afterwards  under  Bishop 
Martin  of  Tours,  and  at  last  in  a  monastery. 
)'  The  staff  of  Jesus  "  (2"a  S.  v.  375,  427 ;  3rd  S. 
iv.  82,  132)  having  been  (miraculously,  again) 
consigned  to  his  hand,  he  used  it  in  driving  out  of 
Ireland  the  threefold  plague  of  serpents,  of  de- 
mons, and  of  magicians ;  compelling  them  to  the 
top  of  a  high  mountain,  whence  they  threw  them- 
selves head  foremost  into  the  sea ;  meaning,  so  far 
as  the  natural  nuisance  was  concerned,  the  Ophio- 
latreia  (ibid.) ;  as  my  learned  friend  and  far-off 
kinsman,  the  Rev.  John  Bathurst  Deane,  has 
shown  in  his  Tractate  on  Serpent-  Worship,  1833. 
Thirty-five  years'  episcopate,  and  thirty-three  of 
monachism  in  Armagh,  rounded  the  hundred  and 
twenty-three  years  of  St.  Patrick's  life ;  his  death 
and  obsequies  being  foreshown  and  attended  by 
troops  of  angels,  and  by  a  yet  higher  and  holier 
Witness.  It  is  singular  that  Jocelin  says  nothing 
of  the  shamrock,  the  triune  symbol,  whereby  other 
hagiographers  record  the  tutelar  saint  of  "  the 
Island  of  Saints  "  to  have  confuted  and  converted 
the  Unitarian  Bard,  Ossian. 

In  1809  the  full  credence,  not  credulity,  and 
biblical  style  of  Jocelin,  had  won  me  to  read 
through  his  Legend,  and  to  render  it  into  English, 
preserving  as  diligently  as  I  could,  its  peculiar 
characteristics.  Historically,  it  is  valueless;  poeti- 
cally, or  scripturally,  its  readers  could  not  have 
pronounced  a  more  adverse  sentence  than  now, 
when  fifty-four  consequent  years  have  sobered  his 
judgment,  does  its  translator. 

EDMUND  LENTHAL  SWIFTE. 

*  This  is,  probably,  the  book  referred  to  by  F.  C.  II. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  233)  as  published,  together  with  the  Biogra- 
phies of  SS.  Bridget  and  Columba,  in  1636 ;  and,  it  may 
be,  a  second  edition  of  Messingham,  whose  volume  has 
three  cartes  de  visite  of  St.  Patrick  and  of  these  holy  per- 
sonages. The  engraving  is  marked  "T.  Messingham 
fecit.  1624."  By-the-bye,  St.  Patrick  is  there  represented 
with  a  swarm  of  serpents  crawling  away  from  under  his 
robes,  and  with  a  double-crossed  crosier  (2nd  S.  v.  378.) — 

E.  L.  S. 


FAMILY  OF  DE  SCURTH,  OR  DE  SCUR. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  89,  170,  317.) 

In  the  west  mainland  of  the  Orkney  Islands 
there  are  several  valleys  or  glens  named  Scarth, 
or  Skarth ;  generally  with  the  addition  of  a  dis- 
tinctive appellative,  the  meaning  of  which  is  now 
lost,  such  as  Settis-scarih,  .Dam's-scartb,  Hund- 
scarth,  and  Binzie,  or  J5z?ia-scarth. 

At  the  date  of  the  impignorating  of  the  islands 
by  Christian  I.  of  Denmark  to  James  III.  of  Scot- 
land, for  the  dowry  of  his  daughter  Margaret, 
Sept.  8,  1468,  these  valleys  seem  to  have  been 
wholly  occupied  by  Norse  "  Udallers"  or  "Roth- 
men  ;"  of  the  name,  as  it  was  then  spelt,  Skarth. 
In  a  Scotch  translation  of  a  decree  of  the  Law- 
man of  Orkney  and  Shetland,  given  out  "  at  Kirk- 
wall  in  the  Lawting  in  the  moneth  of  Junii,  the  Zeir 
of  God  ane  thousand  fyve  hundreth  and  fourtein 
Zeirs,"  there  is  a  list  of  the  Lawman's  Council, 
"  being  Rothmen  and  Rothmenis  sons  ;"  and  one 
of  them  is  "  Andro  Skarth,  in  Bina  Scarth." 

After  the  Scotch  had  been  two  centuries  in  the 
full  exercise  of  their  tyrannic  power  over  the 
lives  and  fortunes  of  the  Norse  Udallers,  there 
was  still  to  be  found,  on  the  Scotch  Valuation 
Roll  of  1652-53,  a  James  Scarth  in  Scarth,  and  a 
Nicol  Skarth  in  Settis-Skarth.  James  had  many 
sons  ;  and  in  1680  we  have  one  of  them,  William 
in  Caldell;  and  Robert  Skarth's  widow,  in  Caldell, 
is  that  year  entered  in  the  Cast  Book,  or  Cess 
Roll,  for  the  Scotch  land-tax  on  account  of  Settis- 
skarth.  From  this  family  the  Scarths  of  Leith 
are  descended.  It  is  curious  that  the  scopulus,  or 
clam  shell  of  their  quartering,  as  well  as  the 
oyster,  is  to  be  found  in  abundance  on  the  sea 
shores  near  these  valleys.  Of  the  sons  of  James, 
in  Settis-scarth,  three  at  least  went  to  sea :  two 
eventually  settling  down  at  Sunderland,  and  one 
at  Whitby,  as  ship  owners.  The  Scarths  of  Leeds 
are  descended  from  the  one  at  Whitby ;  and  as, 
like  all  Scandinavians,  the  Scarths  were  sea-going, 
more  of  them  may  have  found  their  way  to  the 
shores  of  Northumberland,  and  other  parts  of  the 
English  coast,  from  Orkney.  The  name  may  be 
descriptive,  as  all  the  valleys  bearing  it  have  a 
resemblance ;  but  it  has  been  borne  very  far 
back,  as  a  standing  stone  in  Holstein  marks  the 
place  where  fell  "  Skartha,  the  friend  and  com- 
panion of  Swein." 

The  lands  in  Orkney  are  now  almost  all  feuda- 
lised, and  the  Rothman  has  no  longer  an  exist- 
ence. "  Rothmen,"  or  "  Udallers,"  meant  self 
holders ;  or  men  holding  in  their  own  right  their 
udal  lands,  by  way  of  distinction  to  feudatories, 
who  hold  derivative!}',  or  by  dependence  on  others. 
The  heritage  of  the  Rothman,  his  "  terra  alodia," 
was  so  entirely  his  own,  "ut  eo  nomine  nulla 
ueque  gratia,  neque  merces,  neque  opera  de- 
beantur." 


3>-d  S.  IV.  OCT.  10,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


295 


After  having  been  evicted  from  the  possession 
of  people  of  the  name  since  1715,  or  thereabout, 
one  of  the  valleys  leading  to  the  famous  lake  of 
Stennis,  named  Bin-  or  Bina-scarth,  is  now  the 
property  of  Robert  Scarth,  Esq.,  of  Binscarth — 
a  descendant  of  James  of  1653 — by  whom  several 
properties  have  been  added  to  it,  and  the  whole 
district  otherwise  greatly  improved. 

After  centuries  of  Scotch  insolence  and  extor- 
tion, and  of  the  grossest  neglect  and  robbery,  the 
Orkney  Islands  are  at  last  under  the  equal  laws 
of  Great  Britain ;  and  are  now  making  extraor- 
dinary progress,  by  the  exercise  of  the  truly 
Norse  vigour  and  energy  of  their  inhabitants. 

P. 


CHUBCH  OF  THE  HOLY  GHOST,  HEIDELBERG 
(3rd  S.  iv.  99.) — With  respect  to  this  church,  the 
following  extract  may  be  acceptable :  — 

"  Up  to  the  year  1 545,  this  church  (of  the  Holy  Ghost) 
was  exclusively  in  the  possession  of  the  Roman  Catholics. 
In  later  times  it  was  in  turns  occupied  by  the  reformed 
and  Roman  Catholics,  according  as  the  Electors  were 
Catholic  or  Protestant.  In  1705  it  was  divided  into  two 
parts :  the  choir  (where  formerh'  the  University  Library 
was  kept)  was  assigned  to  the  Catholics,  the  rest  to  the 
Reformed.  When  Charles  Philip,  successor  to  John 
William,  came  to  the  Palatinate,  and  took  up  his  resi- 
dence at  Heidelberg,  he  asked  the  reformed  congregation 
to  resign  their  claim  to  their  portion  of  the  church,  offer- 
ing in  return  for  this  concession  to  build  for  them  another 
place  of  worship.  This,  however,  the  Protestants  refused. 
Whereupon  the  Prince  caused  the  partition  wall  to  be 
pulled  down  (Sept.  4, 1719),  and  took  forcible  possession 
of  the  church.  The  townspeople  appealed  to  the  Diet, 
and  the  decision  went  against  the  Elector.  For  some 
time  he  refused  to  give  way,  but  at  last  was  obliged  to 
dp  so  (April  19,  1720) ;  whereupon  he  left  the  town  in 
disgust,  and  went  to  live  at  Mannheim. 

"  The  church  of  the  Holy  Ghost  was  founded  by  Ru- 
pert III.,  in  1398.  Louis  'the  Bearded  continued  the 
work.  The  tower  was  not  completed  until  after  the  death 
of  Frederic  I."  —  Guide  Book  to  Heidelberg  and  its  Neigh- 
bourhood, by  K.  C.  Von  Leonhard,  p.  60. 

H.  DOWNING. 

Heidelberg. 

COLD  IN  JUNE  (3rd  S.  iv.  19.) — Frequent  re- 
ference has  been  made  of  late  in  "  N.  &  Q."  to 
the  occurrence  of  great  cold  in  the  month  of  June. 
I  send  the  following  note  from  a  register  kept  by 
me  at  Bradford,  Yorkshire,  in  June,  1833  :  — 

"  13th.  Fires  all  day.  Frequent  and  heavy  thunder, 
with  heavy  rain. 

"  14th.  Very  cold.    Fire  all  day. 

"  15th.  I  am  informed  that  there  was  a  sharp  frost 
early  this  morning,  and  ice  was  found.  The  remainder 
of  the  month  was  very  cold,  and  fires  \vere  lighted  nearly 
every  day." 

N.  S.  HEINEKEN. 

LAWS  or  LAURISTON  (3rd  S.  iii.  486;  iv.  31, 
76,  132,  214.) — E.  M.  C.  is  certainly  incorrect  in  j 
stating  that  the  wife  of  Capt.  Lee,  R.N.,   was  : 
Margaret  McClenwan.     I  have  the  certified  copy  I 


of  the  marriage  register,  under  the  signature  of 
the  Rector  of  St.  Andrew's,  Plymouth,  in  which 
the  name  "  Margaret  Hay  McClellan  "  twice  oc- 
curs. I  did  not  make  the  statements  respecting 
the  pedigree  which  are  questioned  without  good 
grounds  for  them.  If  I  have  been  misled,  I  shall 
be  willing  to  acknowledge  my  error  when  I  see 
sufficient  reason  for  doing  so.  ALFRED  T.  LEE. 

BLACKGUARD.  —  In  "  N.  &  Q.,"  2nd  S.  ix.  373, 
an  explanation  of  the  word  blackguard  is  extracted 
from  ^  an  old  French  dictionary."  The  name  of 
the  dictionary  is  not  given.  The  extract  is  fol- 
lowed by  an  editorial  query,  "Whose,  and  of 
what  date  ?  "  The  name  of  the  dictionary  is  The 
Royal  Dictionary,  by  Abel  Boyer.  Unfortunately 
the  copy  I  possess  wants  the  title,  and  I  am  there- 
fore unable  to  supply  the  date.  The  quotation  is 
not  fully  given;  I  subjoin  it,  with  spelling,  capitals, 
punctuation,  italics,  &c. :  — 

"  The  Black-Gard,  On  appelle  ainsi  de  jeunes  Gueux 
qvi  servent  dans  un  Corps  de  Garde,  les  Goujals." 

The  definite  article  "  the "  seems  to  refer  to  a 
particular  body  of  men  who  were  known  by  the 
name  of  The  Black-guard.  Under  the  word 
"Goujaf'Ifind  — 

"  GOUJAT,  5.  M.  (Valet  de  Cavalier  oa  de  Fantassin) 
a  Soldier's  Boy,  a  Black-guard." 

HENRY  JONES,  JB. 

JOHN  DONNE,  LL.D.  (3rd  S.  iv.  149.)— I  have 
a  copy  of  the  Dean  of  St.  Paul's  BIA0ANATO2 
(4to,  1649,  though  undated  on  title-page),  which 
is  a  presentation  copy  from  his  son  to  "  Sr  Con- 
stantine  Huygens,  Knight ; "  to  whom  he  has 
written  a  singularly  interesting  letter  on  one  of 
the  fly-leaves.  This  letter  is  dated  "  Couent  Gar- 
den, London,  Julie  29,  1649."  I  presume  this 
Huygens  is  the  brother  of  the  great  astronomer. 

A.  B.  G. 

1st  Manse,  Kinross. 

LAURENCE  HALSTED  (3rd  S.  iv.  187.) — Laurence, 
son  of  John  Halsted,  of  Rowley,  Gent.,  was  bap- 
tised at  Burnley,  July  1,  1638  ;  married  and  had 
issue,  an  only  surviving  son,  Charles  Halsted. 
In  his  will,  dated  May  1,  1690,  he  describes  him- 
self as  "  Laurence  Halsted,  of  Rowley  Hall,  in  the 
parish  of  Burnley,  co.  Lane.,  Gent.;"  and  settles 
his  lands  at  Woking,  in  Surrey,  and  in  Lanca- 
shire, upon  his  said  son  and  his  issue.  Failing 
issue,  to  Alice  (Barcroft),  wife  of  the  testator,  for 
her  life;  and  at  her  death,  to  descend  to  Mr. 
Henry  Halsted,  Clerk,  Rector  of  Grace  Church, 
London,  and  his  heirs  in  fee.  He  bequeaths 
legacies  to  bis  uncle  Laurence  Halsted,  of  Ja- 
maica (who  was  probably  the  individual  named 
by  Whitlocke  and  Whitaker)  ;  and  to  his  brother 
Matthias  Halsted,  also  to  Charles  Halsted,  of  the 
parish  of  Clerkenwell,  watchmaker;  to  Robert, 
son  of  Robert  Halsted,  at  the  Crown  in  Fleet 


296 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"»  S.  IV.  OCT.  10,  '63. 


Street,  goldsmith ;  and  to  Ann,  wife  of  Christo- 
pher Jackson  of  Worston,  yeoman  ;  being  god- 
children of  the  testator.  Proved  at  York,  October 
1,  1690. 

Dr.  Whitaker  gives  two  sons  of  the  name  of 
Laurence,  both  married  men,  to  Banastre  Hal- 
sted.  The  latter  Laurence  was  son  of  Nicholas 
Halsted,  and  first  cousin  of  the  Laurence  who 
married  Elizabeth  Ashton  (Hist.  Whalley,  3rd  ed. 
p.  383).  This,  and  other  errors,  were  corrected 
in  May,  1846;  when  the  pedigree  was  continued 
from  the  Visitations,  and  recorded  in  the  Heralds' 
College  (Lane.  MSS.,  vol.  xxxvii.  p.  539). 

F.  R.  R. 

TITLES  BORNE  BY  CLERGYMEN  (3rd  S.  iv.  235.) 
I  am  obliged  to  ABHBA  for  his  note.  My  autho- 
rity was  the  Clergy  List  for  1863,  and  I  confess  I 
had  some  suspicion  as  to  the  two  names  he  men- 
tions. JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORKARD,  M.A. 

SKETCHING  CLUB  OR  SOCIETY  (3rd  S.  iv.  248.) 
I  have  never  myself  heard  of  any  amateur  sketch- 
ing club,  but  consider  E.  ROBERT'S  proposal  that 
one  should  be  formed,  an  excellent  one.  Ladies, 
I  suppose,  would  be  included  in  the  club.  A  sum- 
mer tour  in  the  west  of  England,  or  a  stay  in  any 
one  particular  spot,  something  on  the  plan  of  Mr. 
Gosse's  sea-side  zoophyte  classes  of  ladies  and  gen- 
tlemen, might  be  practicable,  the  expenses  being 
paid  from  one  common  stock ;  and  all  being  under 
the  guidance  of  one  who  must  be  the  head,  a  most 
indispensable  person.  I  trust  that  some  of  your 
correspondents  may  be  able  to  furnish  information 
on  the  subject  of  rules  and  regulations.  *  *  * 

CHARITY  (3rd  S.  iv.  267.)— Mr.  Baxter  will  find 
the  paraphrase  on  1  Cor.  xiii.,  to  which  he  refers, 
amongst  the  Poetical  Works  of  Prior,  edit.  1779, 
vol.  i.  p.  340.  Perhaps  this  poet's  writings  at  the 
present  day  may  not  be  more  highly  appreciated 
than  they  were  by  Bishop  Burnet,  who  spoke  of 
his  "  Henry  and  Emma  "  as  the  work  of  one  Prior. 
I  shall,  therefore,  not  apologise  for  giving  the 
closing  lines  of  this  paraphrase  ;  which,  from  their 
beauty,  are  well  worthy  of  being  universally 
known :  — 

"  Then  constant  Faith,  and  holy  Hope  shall  die, 
One  lost  in  certainty,  and  one  in  joy : 
Whilst  thou,  more  happy  power,  fair  Charity, 
Triumphant  sister,  greatest  of  the  three, 
Thy  office,  and  thy  nature  still  the  same, 
Lasting  thy  lamp,  and  unconsumed  thy  flame, 
Shalt  still  survive  — — 

Shalt  stand  before  the  host  of  Heaven  confest, 
For  ever  blessing,  and  for  ever  blest." 

Johnson  admitted  that,  "  on  high  occasions  and 
noble  subjects,  Prior  wanted  not  elegance  as  a 
poet." 

Another  paraphrase  of  the  same  passage  in 
Scripture  will  be  found  amongst  Anstey's  Works; 
but  there  is  little  doubt  that  the  preference  will 
be  given  to  the  older  writer.  ,  J.  H.  MARKLAND. 


WIVES  OF  ENGLISH  PRINCES  (3rd  S.  iv.  188, 
259.)  —  The  following  notes  will  probably  be  of 
some  assistance  to  HERMENTRUDE  :  — 

1.  The  mother  of  Isabel,  first  wife  of  Richard, 
Earl  (not  Duke)  of  Cornwall  and  King  of  the 
Romans,    was    Isabella,    daughter    and    heir   to 
Richard  Strongbow,  Earl  of  Pembroke,  sometimes 
styled  from  his  residence,  Earl  of  Striguil. 

N.B.  In  the  Pedigree  given  by  Dugdale  in  his 
Baronage,  vol.  i.  p.  209,  this  Isabella  is  made  to 
appear  as  the  daughter  of  Gilbert,  Earl  of  Clare ; 
but  this  is  evidently  an  error  of  the  printer. 

2.  The  mother  of  Joan  Holland,  second  wife 
of  Edmund,  Duke  of  York,  was  Alice,  daughter 
of  Richard,   Earl   of   Arundel.     (See  Dugdale, 
Baronage,  vol.  ii.  p.  75.) 

3.  Eleanor,  wife  of  Humphrey,  Duke  of  Glou- 
cester, was  the  daughter  of  Reginald,  Lord  Cob- 
ham,  who  married  two  wives,  1.  Eleanor,  daughter 
of  Thomas  Culpeper ;  2.  Ann,  daughter  of  Thomas 
Lord  Bardolph.     From  the  name  it  may  be  in- 
ferred that  Eleanor  Cobham  'was  the  daughter  of 
the  first  wife.     See  Dugdale,  Baronage,  vol.  ii. 
p.  69.  MELETES. 

Mr.  Close,  in  his  elaborate  and  illuminated  pedi- 
gree of  the  Wakes,  inserted  as  an  illustration  of 
the  Rev.  E.  Trollope's  paper  on  Hereward,  the 
Saxon,  printed  in  the  Lincoln  Diocesan  Architec- 
tural Society's  Report  for  1861,  gives  Joan  as  the 
Christian  name  of  Margaret  Wake's  mother  ;  but 
he  has  not  ascertained  her  surname.  HERMEN- 
TRUDE will  find  some  notices  of  Margaret  Wake 
in  fibre's  Rutland,  pp.  38-40. 

Jos.  PHILLIPS,  JUN. 

Stamford. 

FRANCHISE  IN  GREENOCK  (3rd  S.  iv.  218.)  — I 
am  obliged  to  G.  for  his  correction ;  but  I  had,  a 
few  days  before  the  publication  of  your  last  num- 
ber, discovered  the  real  extent  of  my  error  in 
relation  to  Greenock.  In  that  borough  there  was 
a  franchise  very  nearly  universal,  but  it  differed 
from  that  of  Preston.  In  Preston  the  franchise 
was  parliamentary,  in  Greenock  it  was  municipal. 
In  Greenock  the  person  who  became  proprietor 
of  the  smallest  portion  of  land— of  a  house  or  part 
of  a  house,  of  a  flat*  or  part  of  flat — became  pos- 
sessed of  the  privilege  to  vote  for  the  Provost, 
for  the  Baillies,  and  for  the  Harbour  Matter; 
which  latter  is  also  an  elective  office.  I  believe 
this  privilege  was  peculiar  to  Greenock,  and  of 
ancient  date. 

I  may,  while  writing,  correct  a  trifling  inaccu- 
racy in  the  communication  of  MR.  DURRANT 
COOPER.  The  case  of  Taunton  is  not  referred  to, 
I  think,  by  Defoe,  but  by  Chadwick,  the  latest 

*  All  of  your  readers  may  not  know  the  nature  of  land 
and  house  tenure  in  Scotland.  A  house  may  have  as 
many  proprietors  as  it  has  fiats  or  floors  :  and,  I  believe, 
that"  flats  also  are  or  may  be  divided  among  different 
proprietors. 


.  IV.  OCT.  10,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


297 


biographer  of  Defoe ;  and  it  was  a  note  to  this 
work  which  suggested  to  me  the  inquiry.      No 
doubt  Potwaller  is  the  proper  name,  but  the  elec 
tors  are  universally  called  "  potwallopers." 

T.  B. 

PEALS  OF  TWELVE  (3rd  S.  iv.  240.)— Whoever 
first  asserted  that  there  were  twelve  bells  at  Gres- 
ford  —  misleading  many  who  have  read  it  —  must 
have  been  under  the  influence  of  Wrexham  ale,  and 
heard  double,  for  there  never  were  more  than 
six—  1st,  dated  1775;  2nd,  1623;  3rd,  1775;  4th, 
1623;  5th,  1836;  6th,  1836.  There  is  a  peal  of 
twelve  at  Halifax,  and  another  peal  of  twelve  at 
St.  Mary's-at-the-Tower,  Ipswich,  and  at  West 
Bromwich,  which  I  omitted  in  my  list,  p.  96. 

H.  T.  ELLACOMBE. 
Clyst  St.  George. 

TOISON  D'OR  (3rd  S.  iii.  169,  233.)  —  Allow  me 
to  thank  D.  P.  for  the  account  of  the  picture  of 
the  Institution  of  the  Golden  Fleece.  I  had  ob- 
served (and  made  a  note  of)  the  discrepancy  which 
exists  between  Favyn  and  Chifflet  with  regard  to 
the  place  of  the  first  Chapter  of  the  Order.  Chif- 
flet is  of  course  correct.  I  did  not  notice  the 
escutcheon  of  Edward  IV.  in  the  choir  of  the 
church  of  Notre  Dame  at  Bruges,  but  I  did  that 
of  Henry  VII.  in  one  of  the  chapels  of  the  church 
of  St.  Rumbold  at  Malines.  The  chapter  held 
by  Philip  II.  at  Ghent,  on  July  25,  1559,  was  not 
only  the  last  held  in  the  Netherlands,  but  the  last 
ever  held  at  all. 

Prescott,  in  his  History  of  the  Reign  of  Philip 
II.,  book  ii.  chap.  2,  says  :  — 

"  The  presence  of  the  Court"  (at  Ghent)  "  was  celebrated 
with  public  rejoicings,  which  continued  for  three  days, 
during  which  Philip  held  a  Chapter  of  the  Golden  Fleece 
for  the  election  of  fourteen  knights.  The  ceremony  was  con- 
ducted with  the  magnificence  with  which  the  meetings 
of  this  illustrious  order  were  usually  celebrated.  It  was 
memorable  as  the  last  Chapter  of  it  ever  held.  Founded 
bv  the  dukes  of  Burgundy,  the  Order  of  the  Golden 
Fleece  drew  its  members  immediately  from  the  nobility 
of  the  ^Netherlands.  When  the  Spanish  sovereign,  who 
remained  at  its  head,  no  more  resided  in  the  country,  the 
chapters  were  discontinued;  and  the  knights  derived 
their  appointment  from  the  simple  nomination  of  the 
monarch." 

After  this  time  Chifflet's  marginal  remarks  run 
as  follows :  — 

"  Equites  electi  k  Rege  solo,  extra  comitia,  diversis 
temporibus,  ex  Indulto  Apostolico." 

J.  WOODWARD. 
New  Shoreham. 

ST.  ANTHONY'S  TEMPTATION  (3rd  S.  iv.  228.) — 
A  life  of  St.  Anthony  the  Hermit  was  written  by 
St.  Athanasius,  and  is  to  be  found  in  any  com- 
plete edition  of  his  works.  The  legend  of  the 
temptation  no  doubt  grew  up  gradually.  It  is 
to  be  found  in  its  present  romantic  proportions  in 
most  of  the  mediaeval  books  in  which  a  biography 
of  the  saint  is  given.  Jacob  a  Voragine  tells  the 


story  in  a  very  amusing  manner  in  the  Aurea  Le- 
genda  (ed.  Th.  Graesse,  .Lipsise,  1850,  p.  104.) 
As  this  compilation  was  very  popular  in  the  Mid- 
dle Ages,  it  is  not  improbable  that  it  was  fre- 
quently used  as  a  text-book  by  artists. 

It  is  likely  that  the  well  known  lines  of  Virgil — 
"  Variai  illudent  species  atque  ora  ferarum. 
Fiet  enim  subito  sus  horridus,  atraque  tigris, 
Squammosusque  draco  et  fulva  cervice  leasna. 

Omnia  transformat  sese  in  miracula  rerum, 
Ignemque,   horribilemque,   feram,  fluviumque  liquen- 

tem,'' 

had  some  effect  in  moulding  the  tradition. 

August  Potthast,  in  his  Wegweiser  durch  $ie 
Geschichtswerke  des  Europdischen  Mittelalters, 
gives  the  following  references  :  — 

"  AA.  SS.  Boll.  17  Janr.  ii.  pp.  120-141.— Apophtheg- 
mata  et  collationes  aliaque  ad  vitam  S.  Antonii  pertinen- 
tia  ex  Cassiano  et  vitis  Patrum,  ibid.  pp.  141-148. — De 
translatione,  i.  et  ii.  reliquiarum  S.  Antonii,  ibid.  pp. 
148-150. —  Translationis  Historia  ex  officiis  ord.  Anto- 
niani,  editis  Romaa,  1592,  ibid.,  p.  151. — Eadem  Histo- 
toria  ex  MS.  Ultraiectino,  ibid.  pp.  151-152.  —  Eadem 
Historia  ex  hist.  Antoniana  Aimari  Falconis,  ibid.  pp. 
152-156.— Miracula,  ibid,  pp.  156-160.— Ordo  S.  Antonii, 
pp.  160-162.— Erl.-Scbr.,  ibid.  Die  Abhandlung,  pp.  107- 
120 ;  cf.  p.  1135.— Clarus,  L.,  Die  Grandzuge  der  christl. 
Mystic  im  Leben  des  h.  Einsiedlers  Antonius  dargege- 
stellt  u.  erlautert.  Munster  1858.— Hauber,  J.,  der  h.  An- 
tonius d.  Grosse,  Einsiedler  a.  d.  3  u.  4  Jahrh.  Augsburg, 
1840,  8vo." 

K.  P.  D.  E. 

The  original  account  of  the  temptations  of  St. 
Anthony  will  be  found  in  his  life  written  by  St. 
Athanasius,  which  fills  fifty  pages  folio  in  double 
columns,  Greek  and  Latin.  F.  C.  H. 

HTJISH  (3rd  S.  iv.  128.)  —  In  answer  to  W. 
BARNES  (the  Rev.,  as  I  presume),  Huish  House, 
in  the  parish  of  Winterbourne-Telstone,  near 
Blandford,  stands  on  the  left  bank  of  the  little 
river  Winterbourne,  but  not  on  particularly  high 
ground. 

The  name  Winterbourne,  as  Hutchins  observes, 
may  be  aptly  rendered  by  the  Greek  word  xft~ 
nd^os,  as  both  the  appellations  signify  the  same 
thing.  The  Dorsetshire  stream  is  nearly  dry  in 
the  summer.  W.  D. 

NUMISMATIC  QUERIES  (3rd  S.  iv.  218.)  — B.  H. 
C.  is  referred  to  A  View  of  the  Origin,  Nature, 
and  Use  of  Jettons  or  Counters,  especially  those 
known  by  the  name  of  Black  Money  and  Abbey 
Pieces,  by  Thomas  Snelling.  In  plate  2,  No.  15, 
he  will  find  a  representation  of  his  counter ;  and 
no  doubt  those  of  HERMENTRUDE'S  may  be  found 
in  that  or  the  preceding  pages.  $* 

MADAME  DE  GENLIS  (3rd  S.  iv.  86,  134.)  — If 
A.  R.  will  consult  the  London  reprint  of  Madame 
de  Genlis's  Memoires  (8  vols.  8vo,  chez  Colburn, 
1825),  he  will  find  numerous  references  to  Pamela 
in  vols.  iii.  iv.  v.  and  vi.,  which  are  provided  with 
ixcellent  tables  of  contents. 


298 


tfOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3">  S.  IV.  OCT.  10,  'C3. 


Pamela  was  a  little  English  girl  of  five  or  six 
years  of  age,  who  was  engaged  in  the  household 
of  the  Due  de  Chartres  for  the  purpose  of  speak- 
ing English  with  the  children  of  his  Royal  High- 
ness. Her  real  name  was  Nancy  Syms,  but  she 
had  the  name  of  Pamela  given  to  her  by  Madame 
de  Genlis.  The  following  description  of  this  little 
English  girl  occurs  at  p.  109  of  tome  iii. :  — 

"  Cette  infant  tftoit  en  effet  ravissante  par  sa  grace,  ses 
manieres,  sa  douceur  et  sa  figure.  Son  visage  ressem- 
bloit  beaucoup,  mais  en  beau,  a  la  Duchesse  de  Polignac ; 
elle  a  eu  de  mieux  qu'elle  une  jolie  taille,  un  joli  front,  et 
une  expression  plus  angelique  encore;  elle  s'appelloit 
Nancy  Syms,  je  la  uommais  Pamela;  elle  ne  savoit  pas 
un  mot  de  Fran^ais,  et  en  jouant  avec  les  petites  prin- 
cesses, elle  contribua  beaucoup  a  les  familiariser  avec  la 
langue  Anglaise." 

Pamela  afterwards  married  Lord  Edward  Fitz- 
gerald, of  unfortunate  memory  in  the  Irish  Re- 
bellion. Her  father's  name  was  Seymour,  as  may 
be  seen  at  p.  120  of  tome  iv.  He  married  a 
woman  of  much  inferior  rank  to  himself. 

J.  MACBAT. 

Oxford. 

CEREAL  PRODUCTIVENESS  (3rd  S.  iv.  145.) — A 
writer  in  the  Paris  Moniteur  (Septembre  10)  has 
communicated  a  long  paper  on  the  artificial  fecun- 
dation of  cereals ;  and  the  plan  he  adopts  is 
briefly  to  move  about,  by  mechanical  means  which 
are  described,  a  fringe  of  wool  in  the  middle  and 
over  the  top  of  the  ears  of  corn  at  the  time  of 
efflorescence.  No  change  is  made  in  the  neces- 
sary operations  of  tillage,  dunging,  and  sowing. 
The  fringe  has  been  made  to  imbibe  a  certain  por- 
tion of  honey,  for  the  purpose  of  supplying  the 
loss  of  the  small  drop  of  honey  on  the  female 
pistil.  The  writer,  who  signs  his  name  "  Daniel 
Hooibrenck,"  expects  to  find  few  believers  when 
he  states  that  by  this  means  fifty  per  cent,  may 
be  added  to  the  usual  produce.  He  mentions,  he 
says,  the  official  results  as  reported  to  the  French 
government  by  a  special  Commission.  The  ex- 
periment has  been  successfully  carried  out  this 
year  on  a  piece  of  ground  of  more  than  160  acres, 
on  the  estate  of  Sillery,  belonging  to  M.  A.  Jac- 
quesson,  a  wine  merchant  of  Chalons-sur-Marne. 
The  Emperor  Napoleon  was  made  acquainted  with 
the  process,  and  has  invited  the  discoverer  to 
make  it  public.  The  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q. "  are  not 
the  proper  place  to  detail  the  full  particulars  of 
the  process,  which  will  no  doubt  be  communicated 
to  the  world  in  some  appropriate  publication  for 
the  common  good.  J.  MACRAT. 

Oxford. 

CoATBRIDGE  :  STRANGE  PRODUCTION  FROM  A 

BLAST  FURNACE  (3rd  S.  iv.  146,  217.)— This  is  a 
very  interesting  subject,  showing  how  much  may 
be  learned  from  the  study  of  these  artificial  vol- 
canoes, for  such  a  blast-furnace  assuredly  may 
be  called.  Slag  is  neither  more  nor  less  than 


volcanic  glass,  or  obsidian  ;  and  the  precise  phe- 
nomenon described  is  produced  by  nature  on  11 
larger  scale,  in  the  volcano  of  Mouna  Loa,  in 
Hawaii,  and  also  in  one  at  Bourbon.  (Vide 
Humboldt,  Cosmos,  v.  392,  Bohn's  edition.)  The 
Hawaiians  call  these  glassy  threads,  which,  after 
an  eruption,  are  blown  all  over  the  island,  the  hair 
of  the  Goddess  Pele.  A  good  specimen  of  this 
singular  formation  may  be  seen  in  the  Museum  of 
Practical  Geology  in  Jermyn  Street,  and  it  would 
be  satisfactory  to  see  an  example  of  the  Coat- 
bridge  "  hair  "  placed  by  its  side. 

W.  J.  BERNHARD  SMITH. 
Temple. 

In  a  communication  made  by  M.  Rambosson  to 
the  French  Academy  relating  to  the  volcano  in 
the  Isle  of  Reunion  he  mentions  the  fact,  that  in 
the  eruptions  of  1812  and  1860,  it  poured  forth  a 
shower  of  dark  cinders,  and  of  long  flexible  fila- 
ments of  glass-like  golden  hair.  Sir  William  Ha- 
milton saw  similar  filaments  which  had  been  emitted 
by  Vesuvius  in  1779.  See  The  Intellectual  Obser- 
ver, vol.  ii.  p.  472.  JOHN  WOODWARD. 

New  Shoreham. 

PAPER  (3rd  S.  iv.  226.)  —  The  art  of  paper- 
making  from  linen  rags  was  first  practised  by  one 
John  Spielman  at  Dartford,  Kent,  in  1588  ;  but 
a  century  previous  to  this  an  attempt  at  the  manu- 
facture of  paper  —  on  which  too  Caxton  printed 
one  of  his  books — was  made  by  John  Tate  at 
Seel  Mill,  Hertford.  As  is  well  known,  our  first 
printer  obtained  his  paper  from  the  Netherlands. 
Which  of  his  books  was  printed  on  the  paper 
made  at  Seel  ?  JAMES  GILBERT. 

2,  Devonshire  Grove,  Old  Kent  Road,  S.E. 

H.  G.  H.  will  find  Jack  Cade  makes  reference  to 
a  fourth  in  denouncing  the  high  crimes  and  mis- 
demeanours of  Lord  Say.  I  extract  the  passage : — 

"  Cade.  Be  it  known  unto  thee  by  these  presence,  even 
the  presence  of  Lord  Mortimer,  that  I  am  the  besom  that 
must  sweep  the  court  clean  of  such  filth  as  thou  art.  Thou 
hast  most  traitorously  corrupted  the  youth  of  the  realm  in 
erecting  a  grammar  school,  and  whereas  before  our  fore- 
fathers had  no  other  books  but  the  score  and  the  tally, 
thou  hast  caused  printing  to  be  used»  and  contrary  to  the 
king  his  crown  and  dignity,  thou  hast  built  a  paper  mill." 
King  Henry  VI.,  Part  II.  Act  IV.  Sc.  7. 

Few  will  feel  inclined  to  trust  Jack  Cade  as  an 
authority  to  prove  the  peaceful  art  of  paper  mak- 
ing sprung  up  in  his  troublesome  times.  The 
words  put  into  his  mouth  rather  tend  to  show  the 
erection  of  paper  mills  was  somewhat  new  in 
Shakspeare's  time.  J-  B.  JUN. 

Durham. 

BLOUNT  OF  BITTON  (3rd  S.  iv.  228.)— I  shall  be 
very  much  obliged  to  MR.  JOHN  WOODWARD  if 
he  can  prove  that  there  ever  lived  one  Robert 
Blount.  Atkyn's  account  of  the  family  is  nearly 
all  wrong;  and  so  is  the  pedigree  in  Croke's 
History  of  the  Croke  Family,  taken  probably  from 


frt  S.  IV.  OCT.  10,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


299 


Atkyn.  I  possess  copies  of  all  the  post-mortem 
inquisitions,  and  other  records  of  the  i'amily,  from 
'David  le  Blund,  who  married  Petronilla  de  Vivon 
(who  died  a  widow,  in  the  vicarage  house  at  Bit- 
ton,  1286),  to  Margaret  Blount,  the  last  heiress  ; 
who  married  Lord  John  Hussey,  who,  after  her 
death,  sold  the  Bitton  estate,  in  1515,  to  Maurice, 
Lord  Berkeley.  The  same  Lord  Hussey  who 
was  executed  at  Lincoln  in  1538. 

On  the  death  of  Isabella,  daughter  of  William 
Blount,  1403,  her  uncle  John  Blount  (not  Robert) 
succeeded  as  heir. 

In  the  volume  of  the  Proceedings  of  the  Archaeo- 
logical Institute  of  Bristol  (p.  253),  there  may  be 
seen  more  about  this  family ;  but  if  MR.  WOOD- 
WARD should  ever  find  it  convenient  to  favour  me 
with  a  call,  he  may  see  the  Records  to  which  I 
allude ;  or  he  may  address  me,  if  he  pleases, 
direct.  If  he  had  given  his  own  habitat,  I  would 
have  written  to  him  more  fully  than  it  is  fair  to 
intrude  on  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q." 

H.  T.  ELLACOMBE. 

Rectory,  Clyst  St.  George,  Devon. 

JAMES  SHERGOLD  BOONE  (3rd  S.  iv.  153.) — In 
redemption  of  my  promise  to  send  you  a  further 
poetical  effusion  of  J.  S.  Booue,  I  now  transcribe 
the  following  lines  which,  at  the  period  of  their 
publication,  were  attributed  to  him  :  — 

ON   THE   DEATH    OF   THE   MARQUIS   OF   TICHFIKLD. 

Born  Aug.  21,  1795;  Died  March  5,  1824. 

"  When  the  grave  closes  o'er  some  honoured  name, 
Mature  in  age  and  fraught  with  well-earned  fame, 
Sounds  of  regret  from  grateful  crowds  will  rise, 
And  mourning  thousands  grace  his  obsequies. 

"  But  still  they  feel  'tis  Nature's  fixed  decree, 
The  wisest,  greatest, — all  must  bow  the  knee. 
Rest  in  due  season  waits  him,  as  the  sun 
Sinks  to  repose,  his  race  of  glory  run. 

"  But  when  invidious  Death,  as  if  to  show 
Its  ruthless  power  o'er  all  that's  priz'd  below, 
Stretches  remorseless  forth  his  withering  hand 
To  blast  the  best,  the  noblest  of  the  land, 
E'er  yet  the  nation  viewed  the  ripened  man 
Fulfil  the  hopes  his  earliest  years  began, 
Dismayed,  appalled,  she  downwards  bends  her  eyes 
To  wash  the  funeral  couch  where  TICHFIELD  lies. 

"Illustrious  youth  !  if  thousands  mourn  thy  doom, 
So  early  gathered  to  th'  oblivious  tomb  ;* 
Thousands,  who  but  admired  thy  rising  fame, 
Nor  knew  thy  private  worth's  endearing  claim  ; 
How  must  they  feel  whom  Friendship's  smile  decoyed 
To  weave  those  social  ties  so  soon  destroyed? 
How  must  they  now  that  vacant  space  deplore 
Which  thou,  beloved,  revered,  must  fill  no  more? 

"  Yes !  let  him  tell,  to  whom  that  theme  is  dear, 
Thy  heart  unsullied,  generous,  and  sincere  ; 
Thy  noble  soul,  yet  nobler  than  thy  birth, 
Thy  manly  virtues,  and  thine  honest  worth ; 
The  vigorous  powers  of  thine  upright  mind, 
Thy  judgment  cool,  thy  feelings  warm  and  kind : 
Severe  but  when  Corruption  reared  her  head, 
Slow  to  decide,  yet  spurning  to  be  led. 
Whene'er  thou  raised  thy  voice,  with  loud  acclaim, 
Th'  admiring  senate  hailed  thy  growing  fame ; 


Fond  of  such  fruits,  the  ripening  to  foresee, 

To  trace  the  patriot  statesman  rise  in  thee. — 

Vain  hope!  If  Virtue's  talents  we  could  save, 

Thine  might  have  screen'd  thee  from  th'  untimely  grave ! 

"  But,  O  ye  drooping  kindred,  who  sustain 
Heart-rending  sorrow's  agonising  pain, 
Pour  forth  to  him  the  consecrated  tear, 
But  deck  with  honest  pride  your  TICHFIELD'S  bier. 
He  ne'er  has  crimsoned  with  one  blush  your  brow, 
Ne'er  breathed  one  thought  but  what  the  world  might 

know; 

Ne'er  gave  one  fault,  one  error  to  deplore, 
Nor  caused — what  few  can  boast — one  tear  before. 

"  Time,  which  to  all  our  cares  affords  relief, 
Will  dry  our  eyes,  and  soothe  our  poignant  grief; 
But  cold  my  heart  and  dull  my  mind  must  be, 
When  I  retrace,  unmoved,  one  thought  of  thee. 
By  friendship's  earliest,  truest  ties  endeared, 
Admired,  beloved,  respected,  and  revered ; 
So  shalt  thou  live  till  this  brief  pageant  o'er, 
My  frame  dissolved,  regard  such  ties  no  more! 

J.  S.  B." 

Y.  B.  N.  J. 

"By  THE  SIDE  OF  A  MURMURING  STREAM "  (3rd 
S.  iv.  208.)  —  I  enclose  a  copy  of  this  ballad  for 
your  correspondent  F.  H.  It  is  transcribed  from 
The  Young  Singers  Book  of  Songs  .  .  .  selected 
and  adapted  to  Popular  Melodies,  1853,  2nd  edit. 
p.  33.  The  name  of  the  author  is  not  given :  — 

"  By  the  side  of  a  murmuring  stream 

"An  elderly  gentleman  sat ; 
On  the  top  of  his  head  was  his  wig, 
On  the  top  of  his  wig  was  his  hat. 
"  The  wind  it  blew  high  and  blew  strong 

Where  this  elderly  gentleman  sat, 
And  took  from  his  head  in  a  trice, 

And  plunged  in  the  river  his  hat. 
"  The  gentleman  then  took  his  cane, 
Which  lay  by  his  side  as  he  sat, 
But  he  dropp'd'in  the  river  his  wig 
In  attempting  to  get  out  his  hat. 
"  And  now  in  the  depth  of  despair, 

Though  still  from  the  place  where  he  sat, 
He  flung  in  the  river  his  cane, 

To  swim  with  his  wig  and  his  hat. 
"  But  cooler  reflection  at  length, 

As  this  elderly  gentleman  sat, 
Said,  Jump  up  and  follow  the  stream, 

And  look  for  your  wig  and  your  hat. 
"But,  alas  for  the  thought !  for  so  soon 

As  he  rose  from  the  place  where  he  sat, 
He  slipp'd  and  fell  plump  over  head, 
To  swim  with  his  wig  and  his  hat." 

K.  P.  D.  E. 

It  can  hardly  be  necessary  to  state  that  the 
ballad,  respecting  which  F.  H.  inquires,  — 

"  By  the  side  of  a  murmuring  stream, 

"An  elderly  gentleman  sat ; 
A'top  of  his  head  was  his  wig, 
A'top  of  his  wig  was  his  hat,"  &c.  — 

is  merely  a  parody  on  one  by  Rowe  :  — 
"  Despairing  beside  a  clear  stream, 
A  shepherd  forsaken  was  laid, 
And  while  a  false  nymph,  was  his  theme, 
A  willow  supported  his  head,"  &c.  — =• 


300 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"»  S.  IV.  OCT.  10,  '63. 


which  latter  is  printed  in  the  Elegant  Extracts, 
book  iv.  p.  131. 

If  the  parody  was  by  Canning  (which  I  greatly 
doubt),  it  must  have  been  one  of  his  earliest  pro- 
ductions, and  written  at  Eton :  for  I  remember  it 
in  my  schoolboy  days  in  Messrs.  Newbery's  win- 
dow at  the  Ludgate  Hill  corner  of  St.  Paul's 
Churchyard,  where  I  had  often  seen  and  read  it, 
illustrated  by  a  coloured  plate  of  the  elderly  gen- 
tleman— and  his  hat  and  wig  blowing  into  the 
stream.  Time  was  when  I  could  have  repeated 
the  parody,  but  now  I  forget  it ;  as  Horace  ob- 


"  Singula  de  nobis  anni  praedantur  euntes; 
Tendant  extorquere/wemata." 


w. 


PAUL  JONES  (3rd  S.  iv.  269.)  —  It  may  not  be 
amiss  to  add  to  LOYAL'S  note  the  story  that  in  a 
few  days  after  the  plunder  of  Lord  Selkirk's 
house,  Jones  wrote  to  the  countess,  entreating  her 
pardon  for  the  outrage.  He  added  that  he  would 
endeavour  to  become  possessed  of  the  stolen  plate 
and  return  it  to  her  ladyship.  Years  passed  away, 
until  at  length,  in  the  spring  of  1783,  the  whole  of 
the  plate  was  returned,  "  carriage  paid,"  to  the 
delight  and  surprise  of  the  countess.  It  was  in 
precisely  the  same  condition  in  which  it  had  been 
taken  away,  the  tea-leaves  being  still  in  the  silver 
teapot,  as  they  were  left  after  breakfast  on  the 
morning  of  Jones's  visit.  It  has  been  said  that 
Dr.  Franklin  severely  censured  Jones  for  his 
attack  upon  St.  Mary's  Isle.  The  "  fitful  fever  " 
of  the  rover's  life  was  "  rounded  with  a  sleep  "  in 
the  year  1 792.  He  was  so  wretchedly  poor  that 
Blackden  was  obliged  to  raise  a  subscription  in 
order  to  bury  him  decently ;  and  we  learn  that  a 
deputation  of  members  of  the  National  Assembly 
followed  his  body  to  the  grave.  Sir  Walter  Scott 
had  a  lively  recollection  of  Paul  Jones.  In  a  letter 
to  Miss  Edgeworth,  Feb.  24,  1824,  when  speaking 
of  Cooper's  novel  of  The  Pilot  he  says, — 

"The  hero  is  the  celebrated  Paul  Jones,  whom  I  well 
remember  advancing  above  the  island  of  Inchkeith,  with 
three  small  vessels,  to  lay  Leith  under  contribution.  I 
remember  my  mother  being  alarmed  with  the  drum, 
which  she  had  heard  all  her  life. at  eight  o'clock,  conceiv- 
ing it  to  be  the  pirates  who  had  landed." 

W.  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 

KING  WILLIAM  III.  (3rd  S.  iv.  230.)— The 
second  of  the  two  volumes  inquired  after  by  ABHBA 
is,  as  the  editor  states,  by  Richard  Kingston, 
and  the  first  is  by  Dr.  Abbadie,  who  originally 
wrote  it  in  French,  and  then  translated  it  into 
English.  Dr.  Abbadie  was  a  friend  of  King  Wil- 
liam, and  was  advanced  by  him  to  be  Dean  of 
Kill  aloe  (see  Kippis's  Biographia  Britannica,  art. 
"  Abbadie.")  In  the  Jacobite  Trials  at  Manches- 
ter in  1694,  one  of  the  Chetham  Society's  volumes, 
some  remarks  will  be  found  on  both  the  above 


TERRIER  (3rd  S.  iv.  126.)  —  Surely  C.  F.  is 
wrong  in  supposing  that  this  name  has  been  given 
because  it  is  adog  that  destroys  by  vigorous  shaking. 
I  have  always  supposed  it  meant  a  dog  that  takes 
the  earth.  Compare  also  its  use,  when  we  speak 
of  the  terrier  of  a  living,  i.  e.  the  schedule  of  the 
property,  principally  land,  attached  to  a  benefice. 
If  C.  F.'s  etymology  were  right,  the  name  would 
have  been  terrifier,  not  terrier ;  but  is  there  any 
authority  for  the  use  of  "terrify"  in  the  sense  of 
"shake?"  "N.  &  Q."  should  have  some  better 
voucher  than  an  illiterate  maidservant.  C.  H. 

WILLIAM,  EARL  or  GLOUCESTER  (3rd  S.  iv.  248) 
died  Nov.  23,  1183.  GEORGE  PRTCE. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  un- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 
ARCH.SBOLOOIA.    Vols.  III.  IV.  and  V. 
SELF  FORMATION.    2  Vols.    C.  Knight,  1837. 
LOYOLA'S  CODE  FOB  INSTRUCTION  IN  SOCIAL  BEHAVIOUR. 
MILLIARD'S  Six  MONTHS  IN  ITALY.     1851. 
THE  MUMMY;  A  TALE  OK  THE  TWENTY-SECOND  CENTORT. 

NOTES  AND° QUERIES!    Vol.  VII. "(O.  S .) 

Nos.  49,  52  (O.  S.),  vol.  ii. 

.  j  Wanted  by  Mr.  John  Wilson,  93,  Great  Russell  Street. 


Venet.  I.  Variscus,  1571. 
POKIAM.  SARHM.  155 —    Whole  or  part. 


MlSSALE   ROMANUM. 

BHEVIARUM,  SKU  Po — 

BURTON'S  ANATOMY.    Folio,  1632. 

A  good  illuminated  MS.  of  the  fourteenth  century. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  J.  C.  Jackson,  ;>,  Chatham  Place  East, 
Hackney,  N.E. 


THE  MORNINU  CHRONICLE  (Newspaper)  for  October  16, 1856. 
THE  LITERARY  GAZETTE  for  October,  November,  and  December,  1856. 
Wanted  by  Dr.  H.  Owgan,  The  Athenaeum,  Corn  Street,  Bristol. 


GKNIOS  GENUINE,  by  Chifney. 

BOXIANA.    5  Vols. 

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JAMESON'S  CELESTIAL  ATLAS,  1822. 

BELLAMY'S  BIBLE. 

DELPHIN  CLASSICS.    Vol.  LXXVI. 

SELF  FORMATION.    C.  Knight. 

Wanted  by  Thos.  Millard,  70,  Newgate  Street. 


EDWIN  will  find  the  line  — 

"  A  faultless  monster—  which  the  world  ne'er  saw," 
in  Sheffield,  Duke  ofBuckinf/ham's  Essay  on  Poetry. 

THE  COBRA  AND  MONGOOSE  —  If  our  Correspondent,  who  take*  so  great 
an  interest  in  this  narrative,  will  refer  to  the  Indian  Army  List,  he  will 
find  that  the  officers  who  attest  its  accuracy  belong  to  the  23rd,  or  Walla- 
jabad  Light  Infantry. 

LLALLAWO.  Royd,  as  a  local  name,  has  been  noticed  in  our  1st  S.  vols. 
v.  andvi. 

TBBNA.  The  apophthegm  will  be  found  in  Ovid,  Tristium,  lib.  iii.  cleg. 
iv.  25. 

ABBBA.  In  1793  the  patent  to  the  last  Vice-Treasurer  for  Ireland  wa.t 
abolished  or  revoktd,and  at  the  same  time  (Dec.  24)  the  patent  to  the 
Lord  High  Treasurer  was  revoked  also. 

PADL  (Deptford).  Mrs.  Agnes  Beaumont's  Autobiography  is  noticed 
in  Bunyans  Works,  edited  by  George  Offor,  vol.  i.  p.  45,  ed.  1853.  Con- 
siderable additions  to  her  Life  by  Samuel  James  in  tlie  tenth  edition  of 
his  Abstract  of  the  Dealings  of  God  with  Eminent  Christians,  1842,  were 
made  bi/  the  last  editor  from  her  manuscript. 

E.    We  have  two  letters  for  this  Correspondent. 

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VJT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 

27,  Harley  Street. Cavendish  Square,  and  34, Ludgate  Hill,  London; 
134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 

Consultations  gratis.  For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press, testimonials,  &c.,  see  "  Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth.  Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

TC.  and  J.  FIELD,  Original  Manufacturers  (in 
,  England)  of  PARAFFINE  CANDLES,  to  whom  the  prize 
medal  (1862)  has  been  awarded,  and  their  Candles  adopted  by  her 
Majesty's  Government  for  use  at  the  Military  Stations  abroad.  These 
Caudles  can  be  obtained  of  all  Chandlers  and  Grocers  in  the  United 
Kingdom.  Price  Is.  8rf.  per  Ib.  Also  Field's  celebrated  United  Service 
Soap  Tablets,  6d.  and  4d.  each.  The  Public  are  cautioned  to  see  that 
Field's  label  is  on  the  packets  or  boxes.  Wholesale  only,  and  for 
Exportation,  Upper  Marsh,  Lambeth,  London,  S. 


PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

MAGNOtlA,  WHITE  HOSE,  FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM, PAXCHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  NEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1 ,000  others.  2s.  6cf.  each.— 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 


HOLLO  WAY'S  PILLS.  —  PREMONITORY  SYMP- 
TOMS. — What  pain  and  danger  would  be  spared  to  mankind  if 
the  first  departure  from  healthy  action  were  noticed  and  suitably 
redressed  I  The  digestive  or  circulating  organs  are  usually  foremost 
in  indicating  coming  sickness,  and  should  be  rectified  without  loss  of 
time  by  Hollqway's  purifying  Pills,  which  surpass  every  other  known 
means  for  rapidly  restoring  ease  and  order  to  the  system.  Young  and 
old,  rich  and  poor,  strong  and  feeble,  may  alike  use  them  with  safety 
and  advantage.  They  strengthen  impaired  constitutions  in  a  wonder- 
ful manner.  These  pills  are  fortunately  found  everywhere,  and  their 
moderate  price  places  them  within  the  reach  of  all  classes,  who  must 
consider  health  more  precious  than  silver  and  gold. 


HE    LIVERPOOL     AND    LONDON 

FIRE  AND  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  in  1836. 

OFFICES  :  — 1,  Dale  Street,  Liverpool ;  20  and  21,  Poultry, 
London,  E.C. 

PROGRESS  OF  THE  COMPANY  SINCE  1850. 


Year 

Fire   Premiums 

Life  Premiums 

Invested  Funds 

1851 

£ 

54,305 

£ 

27,157 

£ 

502,824 

1856 

222,279 

72,781 

821,061 

1861 

360,130 

135,974 

1,311,905 

1862 

436,065 

138,703 

1,417,808 

The  Fire  Duty  paid  by  this  Company  in  England  in  1862  was  71.234Z. 
SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 
JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 

Fire  Policies  falling  due  at  Michaelmas  should  be  renewed  by  the  14th 
October. 


HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,    &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux  24s.  and  30s.  perdoz. 

Good  Hock 30s.    „     36s.        „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  42s.    „     48s.       „ 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24s.    „     :-Os.       „ 

Port  24s.,30s.    „     36s.       „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  perdoz. 

Vintage  1834 ,   108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840 ,     84s.        „ 

Vintage  1847 „     72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry, 36s., 42s., 
49s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  48s. ,60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60s.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120s. ;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  66s., 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  G6s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Luchrymae  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz.; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  185,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


(THE    NATURAL    WINES    of   FRANCE.— J. 

I  CAMPBELL,  Wine  Merchant,  158,  Regent  Street,  recommends 
attention  to  the  following  CLAKETS,  selected  by  himself  on  the 
Garonne:  —  Vin  de  Bordeaux  (which  greatly  improves  by  keeping  in 
bottle  two  or  three  years),  20s.;  St.  Julien,  22s.(  La  Rose,  26s.;  St. 
Estephe,  36s.;  St.  Emilion,  42s.;  Haul  Brion,  48s.;  Lafitte,  Latour, 
and  Chateau  Margaux,  60s.  to  84s.  per  dozen.  J.  C.'s  experience  and 
known  reputation  for  French  wines  will  be  some  guarantee  tor  the 
soundness  of  the  wine  quoted  at  20s.  per  dozen.— Note.  Burgundies  from 
36s.  to  54s. ;  Chablis,  26s.  and  30s.  per  dozen.  E.  Clicquot's  finest  Cham- 
pagne, 66s.  per  dozen.  Remittances  or  town  references  should  be  ad- 
dressed JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 


PRIZE  MEDAL  AWARDED. 
TOU3C.MIN    AWD     CAXiE, 

DESPATCH  BOX,  DRESSING  CASE,  AND  TRAVELLING 
BAG  MAKERS, 

7,  NEW  BOND  STBEET,  TV., 
AND  SISE  LAME,  CITY  (NEAR  MANSION  HOOSE). 
(Established  1735.) 


CAPTAIN*    WHITE'S 

ORIENTAL  PICKLE,  CURRY,  or  MULLIGA- 
TAWNY PASTE. 

Curry  Powder,  and  Curry  Sauce,  may  be  obtained  from  all  Sauce- 
Vendors,  and  Wholesale  of 

CROSSE  &  BLACKWELL,  Purveyors  to  the  Queen,  Soho  Square, 
London. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


\?S*  S.  IV.  OCT.  10,  '63. 


Camtren 

FOR  THE   PUBLICA 

EARLY   HISTORICAL   AND   LITERARY  REMAINS. 


FOR  THE   PUBLICATION   OF 


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For  1858-9. 

71.  LETTERS    TO    AND    FROM    HENRY 

SAVILE,  Esq.,  Envoy  at  Paris,  and  Vice-Chamberlain  to  Charles  II. 
and  James  II.,  including  Letters  from  his  brother  GEORGE,  Marquess 
of  Halifax.  Edited  by  W.  DURRANT  COOPER,  Esq.,  F.S.A. 

72.  THE    ROMANCE    OF    BLONDE  OF 

OXFORD  AND  JEHAN  OF  DAMMARTIN.  Edited  by  THOMAS 
WRIGHT,  ESQ.,  M.A.,  F.S.A. 

73.  THE   CAMDEN    MISCELLANY,   Volume 

the  Fourth. 

For  1859-60. 

74.  THE    JOURNALS    OF   RICHARD 

SYMONDS,  an  officer  in  the  Royal  Army,  temp.  Charles  I.  Edited  by 
CHARLES  EDWARD  LONG,  Esq.,  M.A. 

'  75.  ORIGINAL  PAPERS  ILLUSTRATIVE  of 

the  T,IFE  and  WRITINGS  of  JOHN  MILTON.  Edited  by  W.  D. 
HAMILTON,  Esq. 

76.  LETTERS  OF  GEORGE  LORD  CAREW, 

afterwards  Earl  of  Totnes,  to  SIR  THOMAS  ROE.  Edited  by  JOHN 
MACLEAN,  Esq.,F.S.A. 

For  1860-61. 

77.  NARRATIVES   of  the  DAYS   of  the  RE- 
FORMATION, and  the  contemporary  Biographies  of  ARCHBISHOP 
CKANMEK;  selected  from  the  Papers  of  John  Foxe  the  Martyrologist. 
Edited  by  JOHN  GOUGH  NICHOLS,  Esq.  F.S.A. 


78.  CORRESPONDENCE  between  JAMES  VI. 

of  SCOTLAND  and  SIR  ROBERT  CECIL  and  others,  before  his  ac- 
cession to  the  Throne  of  England.  Edited  by  JOHN  BRUCE,  Esq., 
V.P.S.A. 

For  1861-62. 

79.  A  SERIES  OF  NEWS  LETTERS  written  by 

JOHN  CHAMBERLAIN  to  SIR  DUDLEY  CARLETON  during  the 
REIGN  OF  QUEEN  ELIZABETH.  Edited  by  MISS  WILLIAMS. 

80.  PROCEEDINGS  in  the  COUNTY  of  KENT 

in  1640.    Edited  by  the  REV.  LAMBERT  B.  LARKING,  M.A. 

81.  PARLIAMENTARY   DEBATES  in    1610. 

From  the  Notes  of  a  Member  of  the  House  of  Commons.    Edited  by 
SAMUEL  RAWSON  GARDINER,  late  Student  of  Christchurch. 
For  1862-3. 

82.  LIST  of  FOREIGN  PROTESTANTS  resi- 
dent in  ENGLAND,  1618-1688.    Edited  by  W.  DURRANT  COOPER, 
F.S.A. 

83.  WILLS    FROM    DOCTORS'    COMMONS. 

Edited  by  J.  G.  NICHOLS,  F.S.A. 

84.  TREVELYAN     PAPERS.      Part  II.     A.D. 

H46-1643.    Edited  by  J.  PAYNE  COLLIER,  ESQ. 
For  1863—4. 

85.  THE  LIFE  OF  MARMADUKE  RAWDON 

OF  YORK,  or  Marmaduke  Rawdon,  the  Second  of  that  Name.  Now 
ftrst  printed  from  the  Original  in  the  possession  of  Robert  Cooke,  Esq., 
F.S.A.  Edited  by  ROBERT  DAVIES,  ESQ.,  F.S.A. 


•WORKS    OF    THE    CAIMCDEXT    SOCIETY, 


1.  Restoration  of  Ed  ward  IV. 

2.  Kyng  Johan.by  Bishop  Bale. 

3.  Deposition  of  Kichard  II. 

4.  Plumpton  Correspondence. 

5.  Anecdotes  and  Traditions. 

6.  Political  *ongs. 

7.  Hayward's  Elizabeth. 

8.  Ecclesiastical  Documents. 

9.  Norden's  Description  of  Essex. 

10.  Warkworth's  Chronicle. 

11.  Kemp's  Nine  Daies  Wonder. 

12.  The  Egerton  Papers. 

13.  ChronicaJocelinideBrakelonda. 

14.  Irish  Narratives,  1641  and  1690. 

15.  Rishanger's  Chronicle- 

16.  Poems  of  Walter  Mapes. 

17.  Travels  of  Nicander  Nucius. 

18.  Three  Metrical  Romances. 

19.  Diary  of  Dr.  John  Dee. 

20.  Apology  for  the  Lollards. 

21.  Rutland  Papers. 

22.  Diary  of  Bishop  Cartwright. 

23.  Letters  of  Eminent  Literary  Men. 

24.  Proceedings  against  Alice  Kyteler. 


AND  ORDER  OF  THEIR  PUBLICATION. 

25.  Promptorium  Parvulorum  :  Tom.  I. 

26.  Suppression  of  the  Monasteries. 

27.  Leycester  Correspondence. 

28.  French  Chronicle  of  London. 

29.  Polydore  Vergil. 

30.  The  Thornton  Romances. 

31.  Verney's  Notes  of  the  Lone:  Parliament. 

32.  Autobiography  of  Sir  John  Bramston. 

33.  Correspondence  of  James  Duke  of  Perth. 

34.  Liber  de  Antiquis  Leaibus. 

35.  The  Chronicle  of  Calais. 

36.  Polydore  Vergil's  History,  Vol.  I. 

37.  Italian  Relation  of  England. 

38.  Church  of  Middleham. 

39.  The  Camden  Miscellany,  Vol.  I. 

40.  Life  of  Ld.  Grey  of  Wilton. 

41.  Diary  of  Walter  Yonge. 

42.  Diary  of  Henry  Machyn. 

43.  Visitation  of  Huntingdonshire. 

44.  Obituary  of  Rich.  Smyth. 

45.  Twysden  on  the  Government  of  Eng- 

land. 

4(5.  Letters  of  Elizabeth  and  James  VI. 
47.  ChroniconPetroburgense. 


•  Queen  Jane  and  Queen  Mary. 
.  Bury  Wills  and  Inventories. 
.  Mapes  de  Nugis  Curialium. 
.  Pilgrimage  of  Sir  R  Guyiford. 
.  Secret  Services  of  Charles  II.  and  Jas.  II. 
.  Chronicle  of  Grey  Friars  of  London. 
,  Promptorium  Parvulorum,  Tom.  II. 
.  The  Camden  Miscellany.  Vol.  II. 
.  The  Verney  Papers  to  1639. 
.  The  Ancren  Riwle. 
.  Letters  of  Lady  B.  Harley. 
.  Roll  of  Bishop  Swinfleld,  Vol.  I. 
.  Grants,  &c.,  of  Edward  the  Fifth. 
.  The  Camden  Miscellany,  Vol.  III. 
.  Roll  of  Bishop  Swinfleld,  Vol.  II. 
,  Charles  I.  in  1646. 
,  English  Chronicle  137?  to  1461. 
.  Knights  Hospitallers. 
.  Diary  of  John  Kous. 
,  The  Trevelyan  Papers,  Part  I. 
,  Journal  of  Rowland  Da  vies,  LL.D. 
.  Domesday  of  St.  Paul's. 
Whitelocke's  Liber  Famelicus. 


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[3«i  s.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63. 


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NOTES     AND     QUERIES: 


of 

poa 

LITERARY  MEN,  GENERAL  READERS,  ETC. 
Price  4d.  unstamped  ;  or  5d.  stamped. 

CONTENTS  OF  No.  93.  —  OCT.  IOTH. 
NOTES:—  "Ancient  Mining  on  the  Shores  of  Lakes  Supe- 
rior" —  Essay  cm  the  Historical  Allusions  of  Spenser,  in 
the  Poem  of  the  "Faery  Queen  "  —  Letter  from  Horace 
Walpole  —  Counterfeit  Ballads  —  Sir  Philip  Hony  wood. 

MINOB  NOTES  :  —  Anti-  Jacobin  Songs  of  the  last  Century  — 
Curious  Contraction  —  Innocente  Coate  —  A  Hint  to  Ex- 
tractors —  Stooky-Sabbath  —  Mutilation  of  Sepulchral 
Monuments  —  Greek  Proverb  —  Edward  Harley,  2nd  Earl 
of  Oxford.  « 

QUERIES  :  —  Buff—  Sir  Walter  Chute  —  Contracts  :  a  per 
centage  deducted  —  De  Wett  Arms  —  John  Fellows  — 
Friday  Street  —  Joseph  Fowke,  —  "  God  save  the  King  "  in 
Church  —  Greyn  Court,  &c.  —  Long  Grass  —  Monarchs' 
Seals  —  Lord  Nelson  —  Nottingham  Probate  Court  — 
Painting  —  Political  Economy  —  Quotations  Wanted  — 
Riddle  —  Major  Rudyerd  —  Seth,  the  Patriarch  —  St.  An- 
thony of  Padua  preaching  to  the  Fishes  —  Sir  Richard 
Steele  —  The  Rev.  Peter  Thompson,  &c. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWEBS  :—  Edward  Darcy,  Esq.—  Thraues  ; 
Dragetum  —  Intended  Murder  of  James  II.  —  Robert 
Davenport  —  Simnel  Sunday  :  Curfews  —  Ford  Queries  — 
"  Philomathic.  Journal  "  —  Ozone  —  James  Burnet  —  "  The 
Loves  of  an  Apothecary." 

REPLIES:  —  Incorrect  Quotations  —  St.  Patrick  and  the 
Shamrock  —  Family  of  De  Scurth,  or  De  Scur  —  Church 
of  the  Holy  Ghost,  Heidelberg  —  Cold  in  June  —  Laws 
of  Lauriston  —  Blackguard  —  John  Donne  —  Laurence 
Halsted  —  Titles  borne  by  Clergymen  —  Sketching  Club 
or  Society  —  Charity  —  Wives  of  English  Princes  —  Fran- 
chise in  Greenock  —  Peals  of  Twelve  —  Toison  d'Or  — 
St.  Anthony's  Temptation  —  Huish  —  Numismatic 
Queries—  Madame  de  Genlis,  &c. 

HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES  :  _ 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 

per  dozen. 
White  Bordeaux  ..........................  24s.  and  30s.  per  doz. 

GoodHock  ................................  30*.    „     36*.       „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne  ......  36*.,  42s.    „     48*.       „ 

Good  Dinner  Sherry  ........................  24*.    „     SO*.       „ 

Port  ..................................  24*.,30«.    „     36*.        „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120*.  per  doz. 
Vintage  1834  ............    „   108*.       ,, 

Vintage  1840  .............  ,    84*.       „ 

Vintage  1847  ............    „     72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48*.  and  60*.;  superior  Sherry,  36*.,  42*., 
48*.s  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42*.,  48*.,  60*.,  72*.,  84*.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrnnner,  Kudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60*.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72*.,  84*.,  to  120s.  ;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48*.  to  84*.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48*.,  60*.,  66*., 
78*.;  very  choice  Champagne,  60s.  78*.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Frou- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Coustantia,  Lachryma:  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60*.  and  72*.  per  doz.  ; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1833),  144*.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BDTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 

THE    NATURAL    WINES    of   FRANCE.  _J. 


l 


L  CAMPBELL,  Wine  Merchant.  158,  Regent  Street,  recommends 
attention  to  the  following  CLARETS,  selected  by  himself  on  the 
Garonne:  —  Vin  de  Bordeaux  (which  greatly  improves  by  keeping  in 
bottle  two  or  three  years),  20*.;  St.  Julicn,  22*.;  La  Rose,  26*.;  St. 
Estfephe,  36*.;  St.  Emilion,  42*.;  Haut  Brion,  48s.;  Lantte,  Latour, 
and  Chateau  Margaux,  60s.  to  84*.  per  dozen.  J.  C.'s  experience  and 
known  reputation  for  French  wines  will  be  some  guarantee  for  the 
soundness  of  the  wine  quoted  at  20*.  per  dozen — Note.  Burgundies  from 
36*.  to  54s. ;  Chablis,  26s.  and  30s.  per  dozen.  E.  Clicquot's  finest  Cham- 
pagne, 66*.  per  dozen.  Remittances  or  town  references  should  be  ad- 
dressed JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 


3rd  S.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


301 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  17,  1863. 


CONTENTS.— N».  94. 
NOTES:— Early  Surnames,  301— Sir  Walter  Vane,  302  — 

A  neglected  Biography:  Lionel  Lukin,  Ib. 
MINOR  NOTES:  — Epigram  — Menon:  Le  Prix  des  Anglais 

—  Paint  and  Patches  —  Cormorants  caught  with  the  Hand 

—  Surnames  ending  in  "cox"  —  The  Brothers  Cunning- 
ham, the  Botanists,  303. 

QUERIES :  —  Lieutenant- General  John  Adlercron  —  Arms 
Wanted  —  Austrian  Motto :  the  Five  Vowels  —  Berry  or 
Bury — Brian,  King  and  Martyr  —  George  Bright,  Dean  of 
St.  Asaph,  1689  — Mrs.  Cokain  at  Ashburne  —  Cromwellian 
Grants  —  William  Cuningham  (or  Kenningham),  M.D. — 
Eels — Eglantine  —  Eliot  of  Cornwall  —  Epigram  —  Ficti- 
tious Appellations  —  Jack  the  Giant  Killer  —  "  Journal 
des  Guillotines  "  —  William  Kerr,  Third  Earl  of  Lothian  — 
Numismatic  Queries  —  Papa  and  Mamma — Joshua  Peel 

—  Phoenix  Family  —  The  Prince  Imperial,  a  Son  of  St. 
Louis  —  Sarah  Leigh  Pyke  —  Ranulph  de  Meschines  —  St. 
Peter's-in-the-East,  Oxford,  Ac.,  304. 

QTTEBrES  WITH  ANSWEB8 :  —  John  Donne,  Son  of  Dr.  Donne 

—  Caxton's   First   Book  —  Dark   House  —  Shakspeare's 
Daughter's  Tombstone— St.  Bartholomew's  Church  Smith- 
field  —  St.  Pancras,  Middlesex  —  Sir  William  Myers  —  Al- 
fred Bunn,  307. 

REPLIES :  —  Sedechias,  309  —  Expedition  to  Carthagena, 
Ib.  —  Heath  Beer,  310  —  Heraldic :  Right  to  continue 
Arms,  312  —  Archbishop  Leighton's  Library  —  Guido 
Fawkes  —  Lord  Chatham :  Spanish  Language  —  An  An- 
cient Custom  —  Paul  Jones  —  Bible  Translators  —  The 
Monogram  of  Constantino  —  Flamborough  Tower — Deri- 
vation of  Pamphlet —  Siege  of  Belgrade  — Arms  of  Pizarro 

—  Portraits  of  Dr.  Johnson  —  Squair  Men  of  Dumfries  — 
Sermon  against  Vaccination,  &c.,  313. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


EARLY  SURNAMES, 

[NO.  ii.] 

I  have  much  pleasure  in  contributing  a  second 
list  of  uncommon  surnames  to  the  pages  of 
"N.  &Q." 

It  is  with  feelings  of  regret  that  I  record  the 
existence  of  a  Mr.  Warin  Drunckeman,  who  was 
of  the  liberty  of  St.  Aldred,  London,  19  Henry 
III.  (Miscellaneous  Assize  Rolls,  No.  61.) 

A  certain  north  country  dean,  whose  zeal  ex- 
ceeds his  common  sense,  would  do  well  to  read 
us  a  lesson  in  connection  with  the  surname  of 
Drunckeman.  Pie  might  compare  the  sobriety 
of  England  in  the  thirteenth  with  the  sobriety  of 
England  in  the  nineteenth  century,  declaring  at 
the  same  time  that  there  could  be  no  doubt  we 
exceed  more  in  liquors  spiritual  than  our  ances- 
tors did  in  1200.  He  should  instance  this  very 
surname  of  Drunkman  to  support  his  theory. 
Why  ?  Then  listen : — Is  it  not  clear  that  Warin 
or  Warin' s  forefathers  must  have  been  singular  in 
their  depravity  ?  Now-a-days  "  Drunkman  " 
would  point  out  thousands  and  tens  of  thousands. 
You  might  as  well  call  a  man  Drunkman  for  dis- 
tinction as  you  might  call  a  man  Smith  where  the 
Smiths  abound,  or  John  Jones  in  Wales.  But 
in  by-gone  eras  it  was  different.  Then  the  vice 
of  intemperance  was  rare — confined  to  a  few — and 


such  a  surname  as  Drunckeman  would  point  out 
an  individual  definitely ;  now  the  title  would  in- 
clude an  immense  mass  of  our  population,  and 
"  be  vagueness  itself." 

This  sort  of  reasoning  may  appear  rather  illogi- 
cal, but  the  Cumberland  ecclesiastic  is  not  re- 
markable for  wondrous  argumentative  powers,  save 
in  the  minds  of  fanatics,  tract-ridden  old  ladies 
with  cats,  and  rabid  reformed  votaries  of  the  bottle 
or  beer-pot. 

In  my  last  communication  I  alluded  to  Mr 
Bugg ;  this  week  I  have  met  with  a  Mr.  Buggy 
or  Bugy,  whose  wife's  name  was  Dionisia.  How 
well  that  sounds — Dionisia  Buggy !  Bus 


Esq.,  or  rather  William  Buggy,  Esq.,  lived  in 
Dorsetshire  about  1230.  (M.  A.  Roll,  No.  35.) 

Poor  jilted  girl,  take  comfort !  Men  were 
always  fickle.  Wm.  Frescheluve  comes  into  court 
to  give  evidence  in  favour  of  our  assertion.  Yes, 
this  Gloucestershire  person  indubitably  was  the 
worthy  predecessor  of  the  genus  "  he-flirt,"  a  race 
which  is  unhappily  increased  by  the  unmercenari- 
ness  of  mothers  and  chaperones  in  '63.  Mind  we 
take  "  flirt "  in  its^lowest  sense.  We  don't  refer 
to  the  ball-room  butterfly  and  his  "  chaff,"  but  to 
the  regular  professional  male  heart-breaker.  Oh, 
changeable  Wm.  Frescheluve  !  Oh,  weather-vane 
modern  Freshloves  !  Do  you  wish  for  a  reference 
to  W.  F.  ?  M.  A.  Koll,  18,  19  Hen.  HI. 

Temprenoyse.  Robert  Temprenoyse  of  Suffolk,  M.  A. 
Roll,  25  Hen.  III. 

William  Crist,  Bideford,  27  Hen.  III.,  ditto. 

Reginald  le  Birdeman,  Worcester,  same  year. 

Geoffry  Polekyn,  Cambridgeshire,  as  before. 

Roger  Behindethedore  of  Surrey,  M.  A.  Roll,  27  Hen. 
III.  L^r.  Behindethedore,  who  were  you  hiding  from,  or 
whom  were  you  watching  as  a  spy  ?  Well,  I  suppose  you 
can't  speak  for  yourself.] 

Tristam  le  Esquier  of  co.  Hereford,  M.  A.  Roll,  25 
Hen.  III. 

Robert  Hoppeshort  of  Chelworth,  Wilts,  same  year  and 
roll. 

Richard  Drinkpeny,  Norfolk,  ditto. 

Wm.  de  Galiolo  of  Notts.  Notts  County  Bag  Pleas,  9 
Edw.  I. 

Hugh  Svetbichebon,  Hunts.,  M.  A.  Roll,  circa  27  Hen. 
III. 

Roger  Hundredsreve,  Hunts.,  M.  A.  Roll,  27  Hen.  III. 

William  Makebeverage,  M.  A.  Roll,  27  Hen.  III. 

Stephen  Harmgod,  Kent,  M.  A.  Roll,  27  Hen.  HI. 

Litlerest.  Robt.  Litlerest,  Northampton,  M.  A.  Roll, 
27  Hen.  III.  [Fidgetty  fellow!  fidgetty  fellow!  why 
couldn't  you  keep  quiet?] 

Wm.  Spendeluve  of  Southwark,  London,  M.  A.  Roll, 
19  Hen.  IIL 

Geoffry  Aaron  of  Essex,  M.  A.  Roll,  25  Hen.  III. 

William  Svettibedde  of  Thurstanton,  M.  A.  Roll,  same 
year. 

Roger  Goldraven,  Essex,  M.  A.  Roll,  anno  27. 

Robt.  Warpelok,  Suff.,  anno  27. 

Wm.  Hudspeny  of  Corf,  Dorset,  anno  27. 

Richard  Schyppewallebothem !  of  Lancaster,  County 
Bags,  Lancaster,  9  Edw.  I. 

Ric.  Cutteflok  of  Westmoreland,  M.  A.  Roll,  31  Hen. 
III. 

Robert  Loveriche  of  York,  anno  31. 


302 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8"»  S.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63. 


Alice  Saunzmaunche  (or  Sleeveless),  anno  31. 

,  Ric  le  Ragged  of  Derby,  anno  31. 

Alan  Makesemblant,  Bedf.,  anno  31 . 

Walt  Largemeyns  (or  Big-hands),  Suff.,  M.  A.  Roll,  32 
Hen.  III. 

Hen.  Shakelaunce  (compare  Shakespear)  of  Line.  33 
Hen.  III. 

Win.  Wytepese  of  Kent,  same  year. 

Thos.  le'Heymonger  of  Heref.,  same  year. 

Job.  Maleshowers  of  Norf.,  same  year. 

Alice,  daughter  of  Wm.  Waggespere,  held  land  in 
Leverton,  Lincoln.  Same  records  and  year.  Compare 
Waggespear  with  Shakespeare. 

Wm.  Portebref  (or  Carry-writ?)  of  Wilts,  anno  34. 

John  Sifteferthing  of  Norfolk,  34  Hen.  III. 

Wm.  Scaythemaker  of  Norwich,  anno  34. 

Adam  Swyne  of  Soms.,  anno  34. 

Walt  Bonsquier,  North*,  anno  34. 

John  Ulfhund,  (Wolf-hound?)  of  Suffolk,  anno  34. 

William  Godskalf,  same  county  and  year. 

Adam  Godegram  of  Somerset,  anno  34. 

Robt.  Burkeman  of  Somerset,  anno  34. 

Rad  Gudsalm  of  Bucks,  anno  34. 

Robt.  Wvnneferling  of  Norf.,  same  year. 
'    Robt.  Scathelok  of  Notts,  anno  34. 

Rog.  Lecherwhyt  or  Letherwhyt  of  Line.,  anno  34. 

Job.  de  Apiltreherit  of  Lane.,  Lane.  Countv  Bags  Pleas, 
16  Edw.  I. 

John  le  Enfaunt,  M.  A.  Rolls,  6  Hen.  III.,  co.  Bucks. 

Thomas  Altekyrkeyard  of  Derby,  Derby  County  Bag 
Pleas,  9  Edw.  I. 

John  Bonqueor  (or  Good-heart?)  of  Carnarvon,  1335, 
Records  of  Carnarvon. 

Thomas  Godchepp  of  Surrey,  M.  A.  Roll,  circa  26,  27 
Hen.  III. 

Wm.  Buckeskin  of  Norf.,  anno  27. 

Charles  de  la  Wardrob  of  Norfolk,  same  year. 


SIR  WALTER  VANE. 

He  was  fifth  son  of  Sir  Henry  Vane,  Secretary 
of  State  to  Charles  I.,  by  Frances,  daughter  of 
Thomas  Darcy,  Esq. 

The  Parliament  on  May  7,  1649  (at  which  pe- 
riod he  was  a  Knight  and  Lieut.-Colonel),  granted 
him  a  pass  to  go  into  Holland,  with  leave  to  tran- 
sport six  horses  custom  and  import  free.  On 
July  2,  1651,  when  the  Parliament  received  a 
report  from  St.  John  and  Strickland,  the  ambas- 
sadors to  the  States  General,  there  was  read  in 
the  House  a  letter  from  Arthur  Arscott  to  Sir 
Walter  Vane,  touching  the  letter  intercepted 
from  him  to  Sir  Gilbert  Gerard.  It  was  resolved 
that  the  Parliament  did  declare,  that  for  anything 
appearing  to  them,  notwithstanding  the  letter  and 
suspicion  concerning  Sir  Walter  Vane,  he  might 
and  was  at  liberty  to  resort  into  England  as  any 
other  person  then  beyond  the  seas,  and  belonging 
to  the  Commonwealth,  might  do. 

We  find  him  much  in  Holland,  in  1654,  1655, 
and  1656;  but  he  was  occasionally,  during  that 
period,  at  his  father's  houses :  Fairlawn  in  Kent, 
and  Raby  Castle,  co.  Durham.  Many  intercepted 
letters,  to  and  from  him,  are  in  Thurloe's  State 


Papers.  They  show  that  he  was  inimical  to 
Cromwell's  government,  and  that  his  movements 
were  closely  watched. 

In  1664,  during  the  first  Dutch  war,  he  went  as 
Envoy  to  the  Elector  of  Brandenburgh.  The 
illustrious  John  Locke  accompanied  him  as  se- 
cretary. 

On  August  17,  1668,  about  which  time  he  was 
made  Major-General,  he  was  appointed  Colonel 
of  the  3rd  Regiment  of  Foot  (then  called  the 
Holland  regiment).  He  was  also  Marshal  of  the 
Field  in  the  Spanish  service.  In  the  winter  of 
1673,  the  States  General  obtained  permission  to 
employ  English  and  Scotch  troops  ;  and  he  raised 
for  them  the  regiment  now  known  as  the  6th 
Foot,  of  which  he  was  made  Colonel,  Dec.  12, 
1673 ;  being  at,  or  about  that  time,  constituted 
Major-General  in  the  Dutch  service. 

He  displayed  distinguished  bravery  in  the  bat- 
tle of  Senefie  (Aug.  1,  1674) ;  where  he  was  so 
severely  wounded,  that  he  died  at  Mons  two  days 
afterwards,  being  interred  in  the  great  church  at 
the  Hague,  in  the  cloister  whereof  is  the  follow- 
ing inscription :  — 

"  Hie  juxta  reponuntur  exuviae  WALTERI  VANE,  mili- 
tis,  filii  quinti  Henrici  Vane  militis,  Carolo  Priino  Magnw 
Britannia)  Regi  a  sacris  conciliis  et  secretarii  Principal. 
Qui  a  serenissimo  Principe  Auriaco  Campo  prasfectus, 
media  inter  agmina,  forti  maim,  sed  fortiori  animo,  in 
Praelio  Seneffensi,  Hostium  impetum  et  rabiem  repellens, 
Cseco  sed  inexpugnabili  marte  percussus,  Montii  oppido 
quod  est  Hannoniae,  Anno  Dom.  M.DC.LXXIIII.,  ^Etatis  sure 
LV.III.  Nonas  Augusti  Invictam  per  vulnera  reddidit 
animam  Deo." 

To  him  his  brother-in-law,  Sir  Robert  Hony- 
wood,  dedicated  his  translation  of  Nani's  History, 
1673  ;  wherein  he  acknowledges  Sir  Walter's  love 
and  kindness  to  him  and  his,  exercised  with  a 
generosity  without  many  examples. 

He  is  said  to  have  died  without  issue ;  but  it  is 
probable  that  he  married  a  daughter  of  Sir  Robert 
Stone,  as  he  addressed  that  gentleman  as  his 
father.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 


A  NEGLECTED  BIOGRAPHY:  LIONEL  LUKIN. 

It  seems  strange  that  in  a  country  surrounded 
on  all  sides  by  the  ocean,  and  induced  alike  by 
choice  and  circumstances  to  promote  an  efficient 
navy,  so  little  attention  should  have  been  paid  to 
the  production  of  means  for  saving  life  from 
"  perils  by  sea."  Still  stranger  is  it  that  when  at 
length  the  invaluable  principle  of  the  life-boat 
was  discovered,  the  invention  should  have  met 
with  scant  encouragement,  and  the  inventor  been 
allowed  to  live  without  notice,  and  to  die  without 
honour.  To  Sir  David  Brewster  is  due  the  merit 
of  having  carefully  investigated  the  somewhat 


3rd  S.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


303 


intricate  history  which  belongs  to  this  important 
discovery,  and  of  having  given  a  late,  though 
hearty,  recognition  to  the  claims  of  Mr.  Lionel 
Lukin. 

I  must  refer  your  readers  to  Sir  David's  in- 
teresting contribution  to  a  recent  number  of 
Good  Words  *  for  particulars  of  the  origin  and 
development  of  life-boat  construction ;  but  I 
should  be  glad  to  preserve  in  your  pages  a  few 
notes  respecting  "  the  undoubted  inventor." 

Lionel  Lukin  was  born  at  Dunmow,  in  Essex, 
May  18,  1742.  He  was  the  youngest  son  of 
William  Lukin  of  Blatches,  in  Little  Dunmow,  by 
his  wife  Anne,  daughter  of  James  Stokes,  and 
grandson  of  Robert  Lukin,  of  Wellstye  in  Barns- 
ton,  by  Dorothy,  daughter  of  Lionel  Lane  of  Fel- 
stead.  The  Lukins  are  an  old  Essex  family, 
whose  descent  is  duly  recorded  in  the  Heraldic 
Visitations  of  the  county.  Mr.  Lionel  Lukin  was 
seventh  in  descent  from  Geoffrey  Lukyn,  to 
whom  Henry  VIII.  granted  the  manor  of  Mash- 
bury,  and  bore  as  arms,  "  Argent,  a  lion  rampant 
gules,  over  all  a  bend  paly  of  six,  or  and  az."  f 

Mr.  Lukin's  first  cousin  was  Dr.  George  Lukin, 
Dean  of  Wells,  &c.,  whose  son,  Vice-Admiral 
Lukin,  assumed  the  name  of  Windham  on  ac- 
quiring the  estate  of  that  family  at  Felbrigg,  in 
Norfolk. 

Mr.  Lukin  settled  in  London,  and  in  a  short 
time  was  at  the  head  of  an  eminent  coach-building 
firm  in  Long  Acre.  In  1767  he  became  a  member 
of  the  Coachmakers'  Company,  and  retired  from 
business  in  1824.  He  enjoyed  the  friendship  of 
the  Prince-Regent,  and  of  many  members  of  "  the 
aristocracy  of  mind  and  fashion,"  amongst  whom 
he  acquired  the  reputation  of  being  a  man  of 
polished  wit,  as  well  as  of  great  scientific  attain- 
ments. The  Records  of  the  Patent  Office  would, 
I  think,  show  that  other  inventions  besides  the 
life-boat  engaged  his  attention1.  Among  the  rest 
was  one  by  which  he  sought  to  render  fit  for  food 
the  refuse  of  animals,  man  included.  Upon  this 
invention  he  bestowed  much  time  and  trouble, 
and  lost  a  considerable  amount  of  money. 

On  leaving  business,  he  settled  at  Hythe,  in 
Kent,  and  there  died,  at  an  advanced  age,  Feb- 
ruary 16,  1834. 

Mr.  Lukin  was  twice  married,  and,  by  his  first 
wife  Anne,  widow  of  Henry  Gilder  of  Dunmow, 

and  daughter  of  Walker,  left  issue  two 

children,  viz.  Lionel,  of  Cowham  House,  Batter- 
sea,  who  died  in  1839,  leaving  issue,  and  Anne, 
who  married  John  Helyar  Rocke  of  Closworth, 
co.  Somerset,  who  died  in  1857,  also  leaving 
issue. 

CHARLES  J.  ROBINSON,  M.A. 


*  Good  Words,  Part  x.  p.  688. 

t  Cf.  Norfolk,  ix.  132 ;  penes  Coll.  Arm.,  where  the 
pedigree  is  fiilly  traced. 


itfmnr 

EPIGRAM.  —  Simultaneously  with  the  election 
of  the  late  Professor  Scholefield  to  the  chair  of 
Greek  in  this  university,  a  namesake  convicted  of 
an  offence  then  capital,  with  difficulty  obtained  a 
commutation  of  his  sentence.  The  Professor  was 
supposed  to  owe  his  election  to  the  following  ca- 
pricious chance.  In  the  absence  of  one  of  the 
electors,  the  _  Master  of  Christ's  (John  Kaye,  also 
Bishop  of  Lincoln)  the  locum  tenens,  not  holding 
the  Master's  proxy,  but  exercising  an  independent 
right  of  choice,  asked  a  friend  for  whom  the  Mas- 
ter of  Trinity  intended  to  vote.  "For  Hugh 
James  Rose,"  was  the  answer.  "  Then  I  shall  vote 
for  Scholefield,"  was  the  ready,  if  not  reasonable, 
reply  of  the  locum  tenens. 

The  author  of  the  epigram  was  the  late  Sir 
John  Mortlock,  brother-in-law  of  the  bishop,  and 
father-in-law  of  my  lamented  friend  Dr.  Donaldson, 
who  communicated  it  to  me,  adding  that  the  cele- 
brated Lord  Norbury  once  told  the  author  that 
he  had  never  himself  made  nor  heard  a  better :  — 

"  Two  Scholefields  in  London  and  Cambridge  of  late 
Have  met,  I  am  told,  with  a  similar  fate : 
The  one  was  transported  to  Botany  Bay, 
The  other  translated  to  Golgotha ;  * 
And  the  Johnians  all  say,  there  were  lacking,  that  day, 
The  noose  of  Jack  Ketch  and  the  vovs  of  John  Kaye." 

DARSIE  TORCHHILL. 

MENON  :  LE  PRIX  DBS  ANGLAIS.  —  The  fol- 
lowing is  part  of  a  letter  from  a  French  lady, 
dated  September  3  :  — 

"  La  ville  de  Cannes  e'tait  une  ville  morte,  toutes  les 
boutiques  ferme'es,  et  impossible  meme  de  se  procurer  un 
morceau  de  mouton,  encore  moins  de  bceuf.  Les  naturels 
du  pays  se  nourissent  de  soupe  a  1'huile'et  &  la  t  ornate,  et 
quand  ils  se  permettent  la  luxe  d'un  morceau  de  viande, 
cette  viande  c'est  du  menon.  Or,  vous  ne  savez  pas  ce 
que  c'est  que  du  menon,  et  je  vous  en  fe"licite :  c'est  du 
mouton  de  chevre.  Quand  c'est  cuit,  cela  ressemble  ex- 
tremement  k  du  cuir  bouilli.  A  tout  ce  que  ma  fille  de- 
mandait  pour  tacher  de  me  nourrir,  on  lui  repondrait 
qu'il  n'y  en  aurait  qu'apres  le  15  Septembre,  quand  vien- 
nent  les  Anglais.  Ces  Anglais  sont  des  gens  bien  extra- 
ordinaires.  Ils  repandent  leurs  belles  fortunes  partout,  et 
les  environs  de  Cannes  sont  maintenant  converts  de  Villas 
elegantes  entourees  de  magnifiques  jardins,  si  bien  qu'on 
se  croirait  &  Torquay  ou  a  Bournemouth.  Pour  les  gens 
du  pays  nous  passons  pour  des  Anglaises,  d'autant  plus 
que  ma  femme  de  chambre  ne  dit  pas  un  mot  de  Fran9ais, 
et  grace  a  cette  qualite,  on  nous  fait  tout  payer  le  quad- 
ruple de  ce  que  cela  devrait  etre.  Cela,  s'appelle  le  prix 
des  Anglais" 

M. 

PAINT  AND  PATCHES.— The  following  early  in- 
stance of  the  use  of  paint  and  patches  by  the  fail- 
sex,  if  not  already  noticed  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  may 
interest  your  readers :  they  are  both  taken  from 

*  Alas !  this  word  will  soon  be  forgotten,  as  I  am  sorry 
to  say  "  Harry- soph  "  is  already. 


304 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8*«  S.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63. 


John  Evelyn's  Diary  —  the  former  under  date  of 
1654,  the  latter  under  date  of  1677  :  — 

"  I  now  observed  how  the  women  began  to  paint  them- 
selves, formerly  a  most  ignominious  thing,  and  used  only 
by  prostitutes." 

"  Her  face  (i.  e.  the  Duchess  of  Newcastle's),  discovers 
the  facility  of  the  sex,  in  being  yet  persuaded  it  deserves 
the  esteem  years  forbid,  by  the  infinite  care  she  takes  to 
place  the  curls  and  patches" 

D.  M.  STEVENS. 

Gnildford. 

CORMORANTS    CAUGHT    \VTTH     THE    HAND. In 

Goldsmith's  Animated  Nature  we  are  informed  that 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Bingley,  in  the  year  1798,  saw  a 
cormorant  that  had  been  caught  with  the  hand, 
when  perched  at  the  top  of  a  rock  near  the  town 
of  Caernarvon.  And  in  the  year  1793,  a  cor- 
morant was  seen  sitting1  on  the  vane  of  St.  Mar- 
tin's steeple,  Ludgate  Hill,  and  was  there  shot. 
To  these  I  would  add  the  following :  one  morning 
during  the  past  summer  I  observed  from  my  bed- 
room window  a  large  bird  settled  on  the  lawn, 
but  a  short  distance  from  the  house,  which  I  soon 
discovered  to  be  a  cormorant ;  here  it  remained 
some  time  quite  at  ease,  luxuriating  in  the  morn- 
ing's sun.  Seeing  it  evinced  no  desire  to  remove, 
ifc  was  caught  with  the  hand  without  any  trouble, 
saving  that  it  gave  the  person  who  caught  it  a 
slight  squeeze.  Having  been  kept  a  prisoner  for 
a  few  hours,  I  liberated  it  myself,  when,  after 
dressing  its  feathers,  and  giving  sundry  wistful 
glances  around,  it  flew  away  towards  the  sea  with 
great  rapidity.  I  have  no  doubt  that  this  bird 
had  taken  an  over-plenteous  meal,  and  had  thus 
become  stupid  and  careless. 

JOHN  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 

SURNAMES  ENDING  IN  "cox." — The  late  Ross 
Cox,  Esq.,  of  Dublin,  a  gentleman  of  considerable 
literary  ability,  and  author  of  a  work  on  British 
Columbia,  Hudson's  Bay  Company,  and  the  Rocky 
Mountains,  had  a  curious  collection  of  surnames 
ending  in  "  cox."  The  number  amounted  to 
certainly  over  fifty,  and  was  collected  by  himself 
and  friends  in  all  parts  of  the  world.  A  lady, 
some  years  ago,  offered  him  a  considerable  sum 
of  money  for  the  original  list,  but  he  refused  the 
offer.  The  list,  I  believe,  is  in  possession  of  his 
son,  a  gentleman  who  is  well-known  to  the  Dublin 
literati.  S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 

THE  BROTHERS  CUNNINGHAM,  THE  BOTANISTS. 
In  the  article  "  Australia,"  in  the  last  edition  of 
the  Encyclopaedia  Britannica,  an  incorrect  account 
is  given  relative  to  the  two  brothers  Allan  and 
Richard  Cunningham,  the  botanists.  It  is  stated 
under  the  section  of  Sir  T.  L.  Mitchell's  disco- 
veries on  the  Bogan  River,  New  South  Wales 
(1835),  that  — 

"  The  botanist  Allan  Cunningham  was  lost  from  the 
main  body  of  the  party  in  his  rambling  for  plants  through 


the  interminable  wilderness,  and  from  subsequent  facts 
which  came  to  light,  there  is  every  reason  to  believe  that 
he  was  murdered  by  the  natives.  In  memory  of  his  sad 
fate  and  invaluable  services  to  the  colony,  the  govern- 
ment have  erected  an  obelisk  in  the  Botanic  Garden  at 
Sydney." 

Now,  in  the  first  place,  it  was  not  Allan  Cun- 
ningham that  accompanied  Sir  T.  L.  Mitchell  as 
botanist.  It  was  a  younger  brother,  Richard  Cun- 
ningham, who  met  the  sad  fate  just  alluded  to. 
A  monument  to  his  memory  was  placed  by  his 
brother  Allan  in  the  Scotch  church  in  Sydney. 

The  obelisk  that  is  erected  in  the  Botanic  Gar- 
den is  to  the  memory  of  Allan  Cunningham,  who 
died  on  June  27,  1839.  It  was  subscribed  for 
by  his  personal  friends,  the  government  having 
nothing  to  do  with  its  erection.  (See  London  Jour- 
nal of  Botany,  1842,  p.  291).  R.  HEWARD. 

Kensington. 


LIEUT.-GENERAL  JOHN  ADLERCRON.  —  Where 
can  I  find  particulars  of  this  general  officer,  and 
of  what  family  he  was  a  member  ?  I  cannot  meet 
with  any  mention  of  him  in  Burke's  Landed  Gen- 
try, part  i.  (1855).  In  Pue's  Occurrences,  July 
29,  1766,  the  following  notice  of  his  death  ap- 
peared :  — 

"  Sunday  last,  at  his  house  at  the  Black  Rock  [near 
Dublin],  of  an  apopletic  fit;  after  eating  a  hearty  dinner, 
Lieutenant-General  John  Adlercron,  Colonel  of  the  39th 
regiment  of  foot." 

ABHBA. 

ARMS  WANTED.  —  What  were  the  arms  and 
crest  of  the  poet  Campbell  ?  CARILFORD. 

Capetown. 

AUSTRIAN  MOTTO  :  THE  FIVE  VOWELS. — Who 
was  the  Emperor  of  Germany  who  assumed  the 
modest  motto  of  the  five  vowels :  "  A.  E.  i.  o.  u.?" 

They  represented  the  sentence :  "  Alles  Erd- 
reich  1st  Oesterreich  Unterthan  "  (Austriae  Est 
Imperare  Orbi  Universo). 

Has  the  motto  ever  been  used  upon  coins  or 
seals  ?  J.  WOODWARD. 

New  Shoreham. 

BERRY  OR  BURY. — The  field  at  Bignor  in  which 
the  Roman  pavements  are  is  called  in  the  leases 
"  the  Berry." 

Are  there  any  other  instances  of  the  application 
of  this  word  to  fields  or  places  where  Roman  re- 
mains are  or  have  been  extant?  C. 

BRIAN,  KING  AND  MARTYR. — Sir  Harris  Nico- 
las in  his  useful  Chronology  of  History,  pub- 
lished in  Lardner's  Cabinet  Cyclopedia,  gives  us, 
p.  102,  sq.,  "The  Roman  and  Church  Calendar," 
where,  at  March  12,  we  read,  "  St.  Gregory,  Pope. 
Brian,  K.  and  M."  I  cannot  find  elsewhere  any 
mention  of  this  king  and  martyr ;  he  is  not  to  be 


S*A  S.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63.] 


XOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


305 


found  even  in  the  Irish  martyrologies,  to  which 
his  name  naturally  sends  us.  Who  was  he  ?  and 
what  was  Sir  H.  Nicolas's  authority  for  making 
him  a  saint,  commemorated  on  St.  Gregory's  day  ? 
Is  there  not  some  curious  blunder  ? 

HlBERNICUS. 

GEORGE  BRIGHT,  DEAN  OF  ST.  ASAPH,  1689 — 
1696. — I  wish  particularly  to  know  of  what  family 
the  above  J  was,  whom  he  married,  and  if  he 
had  a  daughter,  wife  to  the  Samuel  Wright  of 
whom  I  have  already  sent  a  Query  ? 

R.  W.  DIXON. 

Seaton-Carew,  co.  Durham. 

MRS.  COKAIN  AT  AsHBURNE. —  Several  of  Dr. 
Donne's  letters  are  addressed  to  this  lady.  Who 
was  she,  and  whom  did  she  marry  ?  CPL. 

CROMWELLIAN  GRANTS. — [Can  any  correspon- 
dent give  me,  through  the  medium  of  "  N.  &  Q.," 
a  list  of  Cromwellians  of  gentle  blood,  if  any  there 
were,  who  received  grants  of  lands  in  Queen's 
County,  Ireland,  and  from  what  English  counties 
they  came  ?  RICHARD  W. 

WILLIAM  CTJNINGHAM  (OR  KENNINGHAM)  M.D. 
William  Cuningham,  author  of  the  scarce  and 
learned  old  treatise  The  Cosmographical  Glasse, 
conteinyng  the  pleasant  Principles  of  Cosmographie, 
Geographic,  Hydrographie  or  Navigation,  (Lond., 
fo.  15/59),  is,  we  are  persuaded,  identical  with  Wil- 
liam Kenningbam,  whose  Almanack  or  Progno- 
stication for  1558,  has  been  noticed  in  your  pages 
(1"  S.  xi.  435).  We  find  that  by  the  latter  name 
he  had  the  degree  of  M.B.  from  this  University  in 
1557,  under  a  grace  stating  that  he  had  studied 
physic  for  seven  years,  and  had  been  examined 
and  approved  by  Doctors  Walker  and  Hatcher. 
He  is  supposed  to  have  been  about  twenty-six 
years  of  age  at  this  period,  as  his  portrait  prefixed 
to  the  Cosmographical  Glasse  represents  him  in 
his  twenty-eighth  year.  It  is  probable  that  he 
received  the  doctorate  at  Heidelberg.  He  re- 
moved in  the  early  part  of  the  reign  of  Elizabeth 
from  Norwich  to  London,  where  his  residence  was 
in  Coleman  Street.  In  1563  he  gave  lectures  at 
Surgeons'  Hall,  and  he  published  an  Almanack  or 
Prognostication  for  1566.  Any  subsequent  notice 
of  him  will  be  acceptable,  and  the  date  of  his 
death  is  particularly  desired. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

EELS.  —  Will  any  of  your  correspondents  be 
kind  enough  to  give  me  the  names  of  any  places  or 
persons  that  appear  to  be  derived  from  this  fish  ? 
Ely,  Ellesmere,  Elmore,  Aalborg  in  Jutland,  are 
said  to  obtain  their  names  from  the  eel.  Bede  is 
one  authority,  I  believe,  for  this  derivation  of 
Ely.  It  is  said  that  the  rents  were  formerly  paid 
in  eels.  Where  can  I  refer  for  information  on 
this  subject ;  as  also,  on  the  eel-fisheries  of  Sion 


Abbey,  and  on  Eel-pie  Island  ?  Perhaps  Moule's 
Heraldry  of  Fish  may  give  the  names  of  some 
families  which  owe  their  origin  to  eels. 

I  should  also  be  obliged  for  the  quotations  of 
any  epigrams  on  the  proverbial  difficulty  of  hold- 
ing an  eel  :  such  as  the  "  Anguilla  est,  elabitur  " 
of  Plautus,  and  the  Greek  expression  of  Tip  Opitp 
Where  does  this  occur  ?  W.  H. 


EGLANTINE.  —  Milton  in  Allegro,  v.  47,  says  — 
"  Through  the  sweet  briar  or  the  vine, 
Or  the  twisted  eglantine." 

Nares  in  his  Glossary  says  eglantine  has  sometimes 
been  erroneously  taken  for  the  honeysuckle,  and  it 
seems  that  Milton  so  understood  it  by  his  calling  it 
twisted.  If  not,  he  must  have  meant  the  wild  rose  ; 
but  Nares  does  not  say  what  wild  rose.  There  is 
the  Rosa  canina,  and  the  Rosa  arvensis,  but  they 
are  not  twisted.  I  cannot  find  from  whence  Milton 
obtained  the  name  eglantine,  as  meaning  any  other 
flower  than  the  Rosa  rubiginosa  —  sweet  briar.  I 
find  the  following  lines  in  one  of  Drummond's 
Sonnets  — 

"  Cheeks  more  fair  than  fairest  eglantine  ;  " 
and  the  description  here  of  the  colour  of  the 
flower  does  not  agree  with  the  colour  of  the  sweet 
briar.  He  might  have  meant  the  honeysuckle,  as 
one  variety  has  pale  flowers.  Wither,  in  his  poems, 
has  — 

"  Fair  woodbines  which'about  the  hedges  twine, 
Smooth  privet,  and  the  sharp-scent  eglantine." 

Here  the  woodbine,  or  honeysuckle,  is  distin- 
guished from  the  eglantine  or  sweet  briar.  I 
should  like  to  know  when  eglantine  was  first  used 
as  applied  to  the  honeysuckle.  S.  BEISLY. 

Sydenham. 

ELIOT  OF  CORNWALL.  —  Mention  is  made  of  the 
monument  of  John  Eliot  in  the  church  of  Cran- 
borne,  Dorset  (3rd  S.  i.  445).  The  monument  is 
surmounted  by  the  family  arms,  consisting  of  a 
shield  with  twelve  quarterings,  and  label  for 
difference.  Hutchins  does  not  particularise  them. 
The  height  at  which  the  arms  are  placed  renders 
it  difficult  to  blazon  them  ;  but  so  well  as  I  was 
able  to  distinguish  the  bearings,  they  are  as 
follows  :  — 

1.  Ar.  fess  gu.  between  three  bars,  wavy  sa.    (Eliot.) 

2.  Ar.  chev.  gu.  between  three  castles  sa. 

3.  Trefoil. 

4.  Sa.,  spear  in  pale  between  two  mullets  or. 

5.  Ar.  chev.  gu.  between  three  negroes'  heads. 

6.  Ar.  boar's  head  erased,  between  three  mullets,  gu. 

7.  Az.  bend  sinister  [charge?],  label  of  five  points. 

8.  Ar.  three  boars'  heads  couped  sa. 

9.  Erm.  on  a  canton,  a  horse's  head  couped. 

10.  Fusilly  [  ?],  a  lion  rampant,  or. 

11.  A  stag  springing  forwards. 

12.  Ar.  on  a  chief  sa.,  three  mullets  or. 

I  do  not  vouch  for  the  strict  accuracy  of  all 
these  bearings,  for  the  reason  I  have  stated  ;  but 
I  apprehend  they  may  yet  afford  data  suggestive 


306 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


^  S.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63. 


enough  for  the  genealogist  to  arrive  at  a  probable 
conclusion ;  therefore,  I  beg  leave  to  inquire  to 
what  families  they  may  be  appropriated,  and  shall 
be  greatly  obliged  for  the  information  I  may 
receive.  W.  W.  S. 

EPIGRAM.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  throw 
light  on  the  following  ?  I  find  it  on  a  fly-leaf  of  a 
book  of  MS.  sermons,  written  in  the  early  part  of 
the  last  century.  Jan.  30  seems  plain  to  an  ordi- 
nary reader,  but  who  is  the  nepos  to  be  born  on 
Jan.  29  :  — 

"Jan.  29,  30. 
Sacratfl  est  superis  biduu  («c)  Lux  prima  nepote 

Ventura  celebrat,  proxima  plorat  avum. 
Gaudet  Roma  sacris,  ast  Anglia  plorat  utrisq; 

H»c  impos  voti,  compos  at  ipsa  sui. 

Fselices  (sic)  patres!  vita;  necisq;  (sic)  potentes 

Vos  dabitis  filiu,  (sic)  vos  rapuistis  avu." 

DARSIE  TORCHHILL. 

FICTITIOUS  APPELLATIONS. — In  the  first  volume 
of  Mrs.  Delany's  Life  and  Correspondence  (p.  7.) 
in  the  note,  Lady  Llanover  informs  her  readers, 
"  the  real  Christian  name  of  the  Duchess  of  Port- 
land was  Margaret ;  but  it  was  the  fashion  of  the 
time  (1740)  for  friends  to  be  known  amongst  each 
other  by  fictitious  appellations."  Will  any  of 
your  readers  be  so  kind  as  inform  me  the  origin 
of  this  fashion,  which  would  not  prevail  in  the 
present  day  ?  FRA.  MEWBURN. 

Larchfield,  Darlington. 

JACK  THE  GIANT  KILLER. — What  is  the  date 
of  the  first  edition  of  this  nursery  tale?  In  p. 
part  of  the  Archceological  Mine,  published  in  1858, 
are  impressions  of  the  wood-blocks  said  to  be  used 
by  Pocock  (the  historian  of  Gravesend)  in  an 
edition  he  printed  of  children's  books.  But  this 
must  be  incorrect,  for  the  blocks  are  evidently 
a  century  earlier  than  Pocock's  day.  D. 

"  JOURNAL  DBS  GUILLOTINES."  —  During  the 
Reign  of  Terror  in  France,  "a  speculator  pro- 
jected and  published  a  journal  devoted  merely  to 
a  list  of  the  persons  executed."  Of  this  journal 
it  is  said  :  "  ten  duodecimo  numbers  of  thirty- two 
leaves  were  published,  and  the  work  is  known  to 
modern  collectors  as  the  Journal  des  Guillotines." 
Can  you  or  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  of 
any  public  library  where  a  copy  of  this  publica- 
tion may  be  seen  and  consulted  ?  M.  L. 

WILLIAM  KERR,  THIRD  EARL  OF  LOTHIAN. — 
He  died  in  1675.  When  was  he  born  ?  CPL. 

NUMISMATIC  QUERIES.  —  1.  Silver  piece  about 
the  size  of  the  common  crown.  Obverse.  "  AL- 

BERTVS  .  ET  .  ELISABET  .  DEI  .  GRATIA."      TWO  rods 

(or  sceptres  ?)  in  the  form  of  a  St.  Andrew's 
cross,  having  in  the  uppermost  angle  a  crown ; 
and  in  the  right  and  left  a  monogram,  consisting 
of  the  initials  A.  and  E.,  surmounted  by  a  crown. 


Reverse.  "  ARCHID  .  AVST  .  DVCES  .  BVRG  .  DOM  . 
TORN."  A  shield  of  arms  surmounted  by  a  crown. 
2.  Silver  piece,  somewhat  smaller  than  the 
former.  Obverse.  "  MAX  .  HEN  .  D  .  G  .  ARC  .  COL  . 
PRINC  .  BL."  Bust  to  the  right,  with  hair  down 
to  the  shoulders.  Reverse.  "EP  .  ET  .  PRINC  . 

LEOD  .  DVX  .  BVL  .  MAR  .  FR  .  CO  .  L  .  H."      A  shield 

of  arms,  surmounted  by  a  crown,  above  which  is 
the  date  1668. 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  kindly  inform 
me  what  the  abbreviated  inscriptions  are  ?  Whe- 
ther these  are  coins  or  medals  ?  And  if  the  latter, 
on  what  occasions  struck  ?  R.  P. 

I  have  three  small  copper  coins  having  the 
same  date  (1718),  and  the  same  reverse,  viz. 
"  TDALER  s.  M."  (Scheide  Munze  ?),  in  a  round 
shield  garnished ;  and  the  following  obverses  :  — 

1.  An  armed  figure — "  MARS." 

2.  A   figure    surrounded   by   rays   of  light  — 
"  PHOEBUS." 

3.  An  armed  man  with  a  lion  at  his  side :  the 
man   holds   his   sword   at  the   guard.      Legend, 
"  FLINK   OCH  EARDIG."      (Is   this   "  Quick    and 
noble,"  in  Germ.  Flink  und  ehrlich  ?)     This  has 
been  plated.    Can  any  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
give  me  any  information  about  these  coins?     Are 
they  Dutch  ?  JOHN  DAVIDSON. 

PAPA  AND  MAMMA.  —  Will  any  reader  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  tell  me  why  I  should  not  spell  Papa 
with  three  p's  ?  Mamma,  I  know  is  derived  from 
the  Greek  word  /«W«i  a°d  nas  three  m's ;  and 
papa  is  derived  from  ircbrras,  and  yet  has  only  two. 

SCHOOLBOY. 

JOSHUA  PEEL. — In  1781  was  published  in  12mo, 
at  Whitby,  Hymns  on  various  Subjects,  composed  by 
Joshua  Peel,  and  published  for  the  good  of  man- 
kind in  general.  One  hymn  was  composed  on 
the  death  of  his  only  daughter,  Mary  Peel,  and 
was  sung  before  her  corpse  to  the  grave.  I  shall 
be  thankful  to  any  of  your  correspondents  who 
can  furnish  information  touching  the  author  of 
these  hymns,  S.  Y.  R. 

PHOSNIX  FAMILY. — Wanted,  any  information 
concerning  the  family  and  descendants  of  James 
P.  Phoenix,  who  was  librarian  of  the  Liverpool 
Library  Lyceum  from  1817  to  1844;  and  died  at 
Everton,  near  Liverpool,  in  1846,  aged  sixty-two 
years.  A  highly  eulogistic  notice  of  him  appeared 
in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  July,  1846. 

J.  C.  L. 

THE  PRINCE  IMPERIAL  A  SON  OF  ST.  Louis. — 
I  saw  it  stated  recently,  that  a  French  genealogist 
had  proved  the  descent  of  the  Prince  Imperial 
from  St.  Louis.  Can  any  correspondent  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  give  me  the  particulars  of  the  pedi- 
gree ?  I  presume  it  is  traced  through  the  Guz- 
inans.  JOHN  WOODWARD. 

New  Shoreham. 


3rd  S.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


307 


SARAH  LEIGH  PIKE.  —  Wanted,  biographical 
particulars  regarding  Mrs.  Sarah  Leigh  Pyke, 
author  of  The  Triumphs  of  Messiah,  a  Poem, 
Exeter,  1812.  Mrs.  Pyke  is  also  author  of  Israel, 
2  vols.  1795,  by  Serena;  and  eighty  Village  Hymns, 
Taunton,  1832.  K.  INGLIS. 

RANULPH  DE  MESCHINES. — Where  can  I  find 
any  account  of  the  paternal  ancestors  of  Ranulph, 
commonly  called  by  English  antiquaries  "  De 
Meschines,"  who,  in  1119,  succeeded  to  the  earl- 
dom of  Chester  in  right  of  his  mother,  sister  to 
Hugh  Lupus  ?  X.  X. 

ST.  PETER'S-IN-THE-EAST,  OXFORD. — There  is 
in  the  crypt  of  the  church  of  St.  Peter's-in-the- 
East,  Oxford,  a  deep  recess,  walled  up  at  the  end, 
which  is  reported  to  have  formerly  been  a  passage 
leading  out  of  the  crypt.  Can  anybody  give  any 
grounds  for  the  tradition,  or  furnish  an  account 
of  any  like  underground  passage  elsewhere  exist- 
ing ?  X.  X. 

SEPTUAGINT. — I  should  be  glad  if  some  of  your 
correspondents  would  kindly  inform  me  whether 
in  the  case  of  the"  Septuagint,  the  authorised  ver- 
sion of  the  Greek  Church,  there  has  been  any  edi- 
tion put  forth  by  the  church  by  authority,  as  in 
the  case  of  the  Sixtine  and  Clementine  editions  of 
the  Vulgate  of  the  Roman  Church,  or  the  English 
Bible  of  1611  in  our  own  church.  If  so,  is  that 
edition  solely  employed  throughout  the  Greek 
Church?  I  am  unable  to  find  the  fact  in  any 
book.  Socius. 

Trinity  College. 

EXHIBITION  OF  SIGN  BOARDS  IN  1761. —  In  this 
year,  I  believe,  Bonnell  Thornton  held  an  exhibi- 
tion either  at  his  own  rooms  in  Bow  Street,  where 
he  lived,  or  somewhere  else.  It  is  not  known 
what  he  charged  for  admission,  but  he  printed  a 
catalogue,  and  the  object  of  this  query  is  to  ascer- 
tain where  a  copy  may  be  seen.  Cunningham 
mentions  the  fact  in  his  London,  Past  and  Present, 
and  a  paragraph  in  an  old  newspaper  that  I  have 
seen  announces  the  Sign  Board  Exhibition  as  then 
open.  Many  of  the  signs,  as  may  be  imagined, 
were  very  comical.  The  Irish  arms,  for  instance, 
was  a  pair  of  clumsy  legs.  J.  C.  H. 

MR.  CHARLES  SPINK  died  in  Edinburgh,  May 
14,  1816  ;  he  had  been  in  India,  and  had  written, 
but  not  published,  "  a  most  ingenious  and  original 
work  on  the  "Philosophy  of  Mind."  Is  any  thing 
more  known  of  this  gentleman,  or  of  his  writings  ? 
especially  of  that  MS.  ? 

SAMUEL  NEIL. 

WAND  OF  GBAND  MASTER  OF  THE  TEMPLARS. 

Can  any  correspondent  give  me  some  information 
respecting  the  form  and  ornaments  of  the  wand 
(the  symbol  of  office),  borne  by  the  Grand  Master 


of  the  Templars  on  state  occasions ;  or  in  what 
books  I  could  find  the  detail  required  ? 

A.  DE  F. 

WATKINS  OF  RHIW-YR-YCHEN,  IN  THE  PARISH 
OF  VAYNOR,  BRECONSHIRE.  —  May  I  ask  if  any  of 
your  Welsh  correspondents  can  give  me  any  in- 
formation on  this  family  previous  to  the  com- 
mencement of  the  last  century  ?  What  are  their 
arms  ?  Any  notices  of  them  will  oblige 

PELAGIUS, 


ioJ  Jnitf) 

JOHN  DONNE,  SON  OF  DR.  DONNE. — It  is  sup- 
posed that  at  one  time  he  held  the  rectory  of 
Martinsthorpe,  co.  Rutland,  and  diocese  of  Peter- 
borough. What  reason  is  there  for  this  supposi- 
tion ?  CPL. 

[That  the  Dean  of  St.  Paul's  intended  his  son  to  take 
orders  is  evident  from  one  of  his  letters  to  Mrs.  Cockaine. 
He  says,  "  But,  my  noble  sister,  though  I  am  far  from 
drawing  my  son  unmaturely  into  orders,  or  putting  into 
his  hands  any  church  with  cure ;  yet  there  are  many 
prebends  and  other  helps  in  the  church,  which  a  man 
without  taking  orders,  may  be  capable  of,  and  for  some 
such  I  might  change  a  living  with  cure,  and  so  begin  to 
accommodate  a  son  in  some  preparation."  (  Collection  of 
Letters  made  by  Sir  Tobie  Mathews,  1692,  p.  353.)  That 
John  Donne,  jun.  eventually  became  a  clergyman,  and 
had  some  preferment  in  the  diocese  of  Peterborough,  we 
learn  from  a  letter  written  to  him  by  Dr.  John  Towers, 
Bishop  of  Peterborough,  his  diocesan,  wherein  his  lord- 
ship thanks  him  for  the  first  volume  of  his  father's  Ser- 
mons, telling  him  "  that  his  parishioners  may  pardon  his 
silence  to  them  for  awhile,  since  by  it  he  hath  preached 
to  them  and  to  their  children's  children,  and  to  all  our 
English  churches,  for  ever."  This  letter,  dated  July  20, 
1C40,  is  prefixed  to  the  third  volume  of  his  father's  Ser- 
mons. The  benefice  referred  to  appears  to  have  been  the 
rectory  of  Ufford,  co.  Northampton,  which  he  held  only 
for  two  or  three  years  (1639-41) ;  and  whether  he  after- 
wards held  the  sinecure  rectory  of  Martinsthorpe,  in  the 
same  diocese,  has  not  been  satisfactorily  determined ; 
though,  in  dedicating  the  second  volume  of  Sermons  to 
the  Earl  of  Denbigh,  he  addresses  him  as  "  his  patron." 
That  he  held  some  church  preferment  under  the  patron- 
age of  the  Crown,  appears  also  from  the  same  volume. 
Addressing  the  Lords  Commissioners  of  the  Great  Seal, 
he  writes :  "  The  reward  that  many  years  since  was  pro- 
posed for  the  publishing  these  Sermons,  having  lately 
been  conferred  upon  me,  under  the  authority  of  the  Great 
Seal,  I  thought  myself  in  gratitude  bound  to  deliver  them 
to  the  world  under  your  lordships'  probation ;  in  order  to 
show  how  oareful  you  are  in  dispensing  that  part  of  the 
Church's  treasure  that  is  committed  to  your  disposing." 
However,  from  the  time  of  the  first-named  publication  in 
1640  to  that  of  his  death,  he  dates  his  letters  "  From  my 
house  in  Covent  Garden."  His  will  is  printed  in  our 
2°dS.iv.  175.] 

CAXTON'S  FIRST  BOOK. — Dr.Munk,  the  talented 
librarian  of  the  Royal  College  of  Physicians,  has 
lately  been  engaged  in  making  a  catalogue  of  their 
library,  and  has  discovered  a  translation  of  Le- 
fevre's  History  of  Troy,  written  and  printed  by 


308 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63. 


Caxton  in  1471.  I  understand  there  are  five  or 
six  copies  of  this  valuable  work  extant.  In 
whose  possession  are  they  ? 

W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 

[Mr.  William  Blades,  in  his  splendid  work,  The  Life 
and  Typography  of  William  Caxton,  2  vols.  4to,  1863,  has 
furnished  the  following  interesting  particulars  of  the 
existing  copies  of  The  Recuyell  of  the  Histories  of  Troy, 
ascribed  to  Raoul  de  Fevre,  translated  1460-71,  folio,  with- 
out place  or  date  [1472-4?],  the  first  book  printed  in  the 
English  language  by  Caxton :  — 

1.  British  Museum,  King's  Library.      Made  perfect 
from  another  copy. 

2.  Cambridge  Public  Library.    Imperfect. 

3.  The  same.    Imperfect. 

4.  Trinity  College,  Cambridge.    Imperfect. 

5.  Bodleian,  Oxford.    Imperfect. 

6.  Ditto.    Imperfect. 

7.  Paris,  Imperial  Library.    Very  imperfect. 

8.  Sion  College,  London.    Imperfect. 

9.  Duke  of  Devonshire.    Imperfect,  wanting  the  last 
leaf,  which  is  supplied  in  facsimile.     The  late  Duke 
bought  this  interesting  volume  at  the  Roxburghe  sale 
for  1060/.  10s.    It  had  been  purchased  by  the  Duke  of 
Roxburghe  for  50£,  from  Mr.  Laing,  who  had  received  it 
in  exchange  from  Major  Swinton. 

10.  Marquis  of  Bath,  said  to  be  perfect,  but  much 
wormed  and  repaired. 

11.  Earl  of  Pembroke.     Very  imperfect. 

12.  Earl  of  Jersey.    Perfect,  and  very  clean  Autograph 
at  the  beginning  of  Book  I.,  "  Sir  Th:  Fairfax  the  elder 
knight  oweth  this  booke." 

13.  Earl  of  Ashburnham.    Imperfect. 

14.  Earl  Spencer.    Imperfect. 

15.  Sir  Thomas  Phillips,  Bart.    Imperfect. 

16.  Beriah  Botfield,  Esq.    Imperfect. 

During  the  progress  of  this  work  through  the  press, 
Caxton,  as  he  himself  informs  us  in  his  Prologue  to  the 
Third  Book,  learnt  the  new  art.] 

DARK  HOUSE.  —  In  Noah  Webster's  Dictionary 
is  the  following : — 

"  Darkhouse,  n.  an  old  word  for  a  madhouse.  —  Shak- 
speare." 

There  is,  I  believe,  in  the  city  of  London,  a  lane 
called  Dark  House  Lane.  Does  this  lane  take  its 
name  from  a  madhouse  formerly  there,  or  what  ? 

S.  BEISLY. 

[The  word  Darkhouse  is  used  by  Shakspeare  in  All's 
Well  that  Ends  Well,  Act  II.  Sc.  3,  where  it  denotes  a 
house  which  is  the  seat  of  gloom  and  discontent.  A  kind 
of  pandemonium,  called  the  Dark  House  at  Billingsgate, 
is  coarsely  described  in  Ned  Ward's  London  Spy,  parts 
ii.  and  HI.,  edit.  1709.  Ward  and  his  companion,  it  ap- 
pears, spent  a  night  in  this  cavern  of  depravity,  and  in  the 
morning  he  tells  us,  that  "  after  satisfying  our  tun-bellied 
hosts,  we  left  the  infernal  mansion  to  the  sinful  sons  of 
darkness,  there  to  practise  their  iniquities."  Hogarth, 
during  his  "  Five  Days'  Peregrination,"  also  paid  a  visit 
to  this  receptacle  for  the  nymphs  of  Billingsgate.  He 
says,  "  On  Saturday,  May  27th,  we  set  out  with  the  morn- 
ing, and  took  our  departure  from  the  Bedford  Arms 
Tavern  in  Covent  Garden,  to  the  tune  « Why  should  we 
quarrel  for  riches?'  The  first  land  we  made  was  Bil- 
lingsgate, where  we  dropped  anchor  at  the  Dark  House." 
There  Hogarth  made  a  caricature  of  a  porter,  most  face- 
tiously drunk,  who  called  himself  "  The  Duke  of  Puddle 
Dock."  The  drawing  was  (by  his  Grace)  pasted  on  the  cellar 


door ;  but  unhappily  it  has  not  been  engraved.  "  We  were 
agreeably  entertained  by  the  humours  of  the  place,  parti- 
cularly an  explanation  of  a  Gaffer  and  Gammer,  a  little 
obscene,  though  in  presence  of  two  of  the  fair  sex.  Here 
we  continued  till  the  clock  struck  one."  —  Hogarth's 
Works  by  Nichols,  iii.  113.  The  site  on  which  it  stood  is 
now  called  Dark  House  Lane.] 

SHAKSPE ARE'S  DAUGHTER'S  TOMBSTONE.  —  In 
Wheeler's  History  of  Stratford-upon- Avon  (p.  77), 
in  describing  the  tombstone  of  Mrs.  Hall,  Shak- 
speare's  daughter  Susanna,  and  the  epitaph 
("  Witty  above  her  sexe,"  &c.),  it  is  stated :  — 

"  These  English  verses  (preserved  by  Dugdale)  were 
many  years  since  purposely  obliterated,  to  make  room 
for  another  inscription,  carved  on  the  same  stone,  for 
Richard  Watts  of  Ryhon  Clifford — a  person  of  no  relation 
to  the  Shakspeare  family." 

Was  this  so  ?  And  is  the  inscription  one  now 
reads  on  the  tombstone,  a  modern  restoration  ? 

I.  B.  H. 

[The  lines  preserved  by  Dugdale,  commencing — 
"  Witty  above  her  sexe,  but  that's  not  all, 

Wise  to  salvation  was  good  Mistress  Hall,"  &c. — 
were  certainly  removed  to  make  room  for  an  inscription 
to  the  memory  of  Richard  Watts,  who  died  in  1707 ;  but 
they  were  some  years  ago  restored  at  the  expense  of  the 
Rev.  William  Harness.] 

ST.  BARTHOLOMEW'S  CHURCH,  SMITHFIELD.  — 
Can  you  tell  me  if  the  proceedings  of  the  meeting 
held  at  St.  Bartholomew's,  Smithfield,  on  July 
13th,  regarding  the  restoration  of  the  church  have 
been  published  ?  I  have  seen  Mr.  Parker's  ad- 
dress, but  I  should  be  glad  to  see  the  Report  by 
the  architects,  and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hugo's  address. 

W.  H. 

[An  account  of  the  meeting  at  St.  Bartholomew's 
church  on  July  13,  1863,  was  given  in  the  City  Press  of 
July  18,  as  well  as  in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  Aug. 
1863,  p.  157,  and  Mr.  Parker's  lecture  will  be  found  in 
this  month's  number  of  the  latter  periodical.  The  report 
of  the  architects,  Messrs.  Lewis  and  Slater,  appeared  in 
the  City  Press  of  May  30,  1863 ;  and  Mr.  Hugo's  histori- 
cal account  of  "  Rahere,  a  pleasant-witted  gentleman, 
called  the  King's  minstrel,"  is  also  printed  in  a  previous 
number  of  the  same  paper.] 

ST.  PANCRAS,  MIDDLESEX. — Is  there  any  list  of 
the  Incumbents  previous  to  the  Great  Fire  of 
London  in  1666?  CPL. 

[The  following  names  appear  in  a  very  imperfect  list 
printed  in  Coull's  History  and  Traditions  of  St.  Pancras, 
8vo,  1861,  p.  10  :— 

"1183.  Fulcherius. 
1190.  Alexander. 
1580.  Gray. 

— —    Henry  Bradley,  sen. 
1627.  John  Elborow. 
1647.  William  Birkete. 
1657.  Randolf  Yearwood. 
1660.  Timothy  Boughey.     Oct.  22. 
1664.  Thomas".  Daniel.  "June  17."] 

SIR  WILLIAM  MYERS. — Can  any  of  your  readers 
give  particulars  of  the  family  of  Sir  William 


.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


309 


Myers,  who  fell  at  Albuera,  and  his  monument 
in  St.  Paul's  ?  M. 

[Sir  William  James  Myers,  Bart,  lieut.-col.  of  the 
seventh  regiment  of  foot,  born  Nov.  27,  1783  was  the  only 
son  of  Sir  William,  first  baronet,  Commander-in-chief  of 
his  Majesty's  forces  in  the  Leeward  Islands.  His  grand- 
father, Christopher  Myers  of  Monkstown,  co.  Dublin,  was 
a  native  of  Lancashire,  and  resided  at  Whitehaven,  but 
subsequently  settled  in  Ireland  for  the  purpose  of  building 
water-works.  A  brief  notice  of  the  family  may  be  found 
in  the  Gentleman's  Mag.  Ixxv.  881,  969 ;  and  Ixxxi.  pt.  ii. 
p.  88.] 

ALFRED  BUNN. — Bunn  died  in  1860.  Did  any 
sketch  of  his  life  appear  about  the  time  in  our 
journals  or  elsewhere  ?  0. 

[Mr.  Alfred  Bunn  died  suddenly  of  apoplexy  at  Bou- 
logne-sur-Mer  on  December  20,  1860.  A  biographical 
sketch  of  him  appeared  in  the  Daily  Telegraph  at  the  time, 
and  was  copied  into  a  dramatic  periodical  entitled  The 
Players  of  Dec.  29, 1860.  Consult  also  his  works,  The  Stage ; 
both  before  and  behind  the  Curtain,  3  vols.  12  mo,  1840 ;  and 
Old  England  and  New  England,  2  vols.  12mo,  1853.] 


SEDECHIAS. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  9.) 

If  Sedechias  swallowed  a  man  whole  and 
vomited  him,  under  Louis  le  Debonnaire,  he  must 
have  been  a  fine  old  fellow,  seeing  that,  at  least 
sixty-three  years  before,  under  Pepin,  he  had 
filled  the  air  with  the  elementary  spirits  of  the 
Cabbala,  to  prove  to  unbelievers  that  such  things 
existed.  He  was  a  Cabbalist ;  and  after  he  had 
convinced  the  people,  they  took  it  into  their  heads 
that  the  sylphs,  &c.  would  destroy  the  harvest  by 
storms;  so  that  both  Charlemagne  and  Louis 
issued  edicts  against  the  spirits.  This  is  all  I  can 
find;  and  it  is  from  the Dictionnaire  des  Sciences  Oc- 
cultes  in  Migne's  collection  (Zedechias,  Cabbala). 
The  only  authorities  given  are  the  Abbe  de  Vil- 
lars,  Le  Comte  de  Gabalis ;  ou  Entretiens  sur  les 
Sciences  secretes,  best  edition,  1742,  12mo;  and 
the  supplements,  more  than  one :  also  the  Mar- 
quis d'Argens,  Lettres  Cabbalistiques,  Hague,  1741, 
6  vols.  12  mo,  the  fuller  work. 

The  elementary  spirits  of  the  Cabbala,  the 
sylphs,  gnomes,  salamanders,  ondins  and  ondines, 
contain,  as  all  know,  the  machinery  of  the  Rape  of 
the  Lock :  but  many  have  never  heard  of  their  origin. 
We  know  Undine  as  a  spirit  of  our  own  day  ;  and 
we  shall  soon  have  young  ladies  named  after  her, 
if  warning  be  not  given  that  the  name  is  not  a 
proper  name,  but  that  of  a  class  of  semi-demons, 
of  no  very  high  reputation.  If  Walter  Scott  had 
given  a  little  information  about  the  recognised 
character  of  the  White  Lady  in  the  Monastery, 
that  creation  would  not  have  been  so  distasteful 
as  he  afterwards  confesses  it  to  have  been  ;  regular 
old  forms  of  the  demoniacal  are  always  tolerated. 

The  account  here  given  of   Zedechias  by  no 


means  accords  with  that  of  the  Dicta  Moralia  of 
1350.  But  this  work  may  be  strongly  suspected 
of  being  an  inferior  production,  copied  after  a 
higher  book  of  the  day.  Shortly  before  it  ap- 
peared, Walter  Burley  (ob.  1337)  had  issued  his 
Vita  omnium  Philosophorum  et  Poetarum  cum 
auctoritatibus  et  sententiis  aureis  eorundem.  This 
is  the  first  mediaeval  attempt  at  a  history  of  phi- 
losophy, and  is  so  called  by  Brucker.  It  was 
long  the  only  work  of  its  kind,  and  was  printed 
at  least  thirteen  times  before  1500,  often  without 
Burley's  name.  There  is  not  a  word  about  Zede- 
chias :  Burley  sets  the  example  of  beginning  phi- 
losophy with  Thales.  It  would  be  worth  while  to 
compare  the  dicta  with  the  aurece  sententice :  per- 
haps the  first  would  be  found  to  be  largely  copied 
from  the  second. 

The  dicta  say  that  Zedechias  was  "  Primus  per 
quern  nutu  del  lex  praecepta  fuit  et  sapientia  intel- 
lecta."  It  is  clear  that  the  sylph-shower  and 
man-swallower  has  been  confounded  with  Noah, 
or  Moses,  or  some  other  primaeval  legislator,  if 
not  with  Adam  himself;  that  is,  if  the  language 
of  the  dicta  really  have  any  connection  with 
Pepin's  magician.  This  is  not  impossible :  the 
stories  of  antiquity  are  so  strangely  concocted, 
that  even  Zachariah,  or  Zedekiah  with  the  iron 
horns,  or  Sadoch,  as  Zadok  was  called,  may  all 
go  for  something  in  the  matter.  But  the  only 
lawgiver  who  claimed  nutu  dei,  and  whose  name 
bears  any  affinity  of  letters  to  Zedechias,  is 
Zerdusht  or  Zoroaster.  My  suspicion  tends  this 
way :  perhaps  when  the  name  of  Zerdusht  had 
been  a  little  altered,  those  who  used  it  might 
have  fallen  in  with  the  legend  of  the  man-swal- 
lower. The  age  associated  prodigy  with  every 
species  of  intellectual  power :  and  their  philosophy 
in  this  matter  was  that  of  the  groom  :  "  If  so  be 
as  the  gentleman  is  a  wit,  he  can  ride  three  horses 
at  once." 

There  was  much  tendency,  but  not  created  by 
Burley,  to  make  philosophy  very  old.  Brucker 
begins  his  history  with  the  Adamite  philosophy, 
on  which  we  should  say  he  was  forced  by  the 
necessity  of  discussing  previous  writers,  if  we  did 
not  see  that  he  was  quite  willing.  In  the  very 
year  (1742)  in  which  his  first  volume  appeared, 
was  also  published  the  Historia  Matheseos  of 
Heilbronner,  who  begins  mathematics  expressly 
from  Adam,  whose  school  subdivided  into  those 
of  Cain  and  Abel.  A.  DE  MORGAN. 


EXPEDITION  TO  CARTHAGENA. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  165.) 

Circumstances  having  led  me  to  take  an  interest 
in  this  subject,  I  am  glad  to  afford  J.  M.  any  in- 
formation in  my  power.  In  the  outset,  the  ex- 
pedition experienced  an  irreparable  misfortune; 


310 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'*  S.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63. 


The  General  commanding,  Charles,  8th  Lord  Cath- 
cart — a  war- taught  soldier  of  courage  and  con- 
duct— died ;  and  was  succeeded  by  an  officer  who 
had  neither  knowledge,  weight,  nor  confidence  ir 
himself.     Bad  leading,  bad  organisation,  and  bac 
understanding  between  the  military   and  nava 
forces,  naturally  ended  in  damage  and  disgrace 
A  cessation  of  that  particular  foreign  war  was 
followed  by  a  paper  conflict,  and  recriminations 
at  home.     Chelsea  inquiries  in  our  day  enable  us 
to  realise  the  state  of  public  feeling  that  then 
existed.     Smollett,  I  presume,  wrote  his  graphic 
"  Account  of  the  Expedition  "  soon  after  his  return 
from   that  service,   in    1741-2.      The  sketch   in 
Roderick  Random  was  written  in  1748.     Smollett, 
I  believe,  continued  the  subject  in  a  Compendium 
of  Voyages,  published  in  1751.   J.  M.  asks,  where 
Smollett's  pamphlet  can  be  found?     I  know  o] 
no  other  than  the  "  Account,"  &c.,  already  men- 
tioned ;  it  is  in  my  handy  copy  of  Smollett's  Works 
(Bohn's  edit.  1856).     In  April  1743,  there  was 
published  An  Account  of  the  Expedition  to  Car- 
thagena,  with  explanatory  notes,  price  1*.     The 
Gent's  Mag.,   1743   (vol.  xiii.  p.  208),  contains 
extracts  which  clearly  show  that  the  writer  was 
not  Smollett.    This  is  abundantly  shown  by  style, 
tone,  and  narration.     To  this  Account,  fyc.  (about 
November  of  the  same  year),  a  counterblast  ap- 
peared, viz.  A  Journal  of  the  Expedition  to  Car- 
thagena,  in  Answer  to  the  Account  of  that  Expedi- 
tion, Sfc.     I  think  J.  M.'s  pamphlet  under  this 
title,  but  said  to  have  been  published  in  1744, 
must  be  a  reprint  or  second  edition.     J.  M.  can 
easily  satisfy  himself  in  regard  to  my  supposition 
by  comparing  his  pamphlet  with  certain  extracts 
from  the  pamphlet  of  1743 ;   which  extracts  he 
will  find  at  pp.  39  and  207  of  the  Gent's  Mag. 
for  1744,  vol.  xiv.     Touching  the  authorship  of 
the  Journal  in  Answer,  Sfc.,  we  can  throughout 
trace  the  hand  of  a  military  officer  that  was  pre- 
sent during  the  transactions  he  is  so  anxious  to 
explain.     The  editor  of  the  Gent's  Mag.  had  a 
correspondent  "  W.  B.,"  who  supplied  the  extracts 
to  which  reference  has  just  been  made;  "  W.  B." 
also  addressed  a  long  letter  to  the  editor  on  the 
same  subject  in  December,  1743.     I  have  little 
doubt  that  the  pamphleteer  was  "  W.  B."    And, 
from  an  original  MS.  document  now  in  my  pos- 
session, 1  find  that  the  Adjutant-General  of  the 
expeditionary  force  was  Colonel  William  Blake- 
ney.     I  know   of  three  Carthagena   pamphlets, 
which  appeared  in  1744,  viz.  in  January,  Original 
Papers,  frc.,  price  1*.  6d. ;  Authentic  Papers,  fy-c., 
price  1*.  6d. ;  and  A  Letter  to  Admiral  Vernon, 
by  a  certain  John  Cathcart.      I  have  thus  ex- 
hausted my  information,  perhaps  also  my  reader's 
patience  ;  but  the  history  of  the  ill-fated  Cartha- 
gena expedition  is  of  general  interest— to  states- 
^men  and  military  men  it  is  particularly  suggestive. 

U. 


HEATH  BEER. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  229.) 

The  tradition  alluded  to  by  J.  L.  was  at  one 
time  almost  universal  in  Ireland.     The  following 
perhaps  may  in  some  measure  be  apposite,  if  not 
a  satisfactory  explanation.     Up  to  about  a  cen- 
tury ago,  wealthy  farmers   brewed  beer  for  the 
use  of  their  own  household  and  workmen.     The 
practice  was  continued  by  landed  proprietors,  and 
other  wealthy  persons,  down  to  a  much  more  re- 
cent period ;  but  since  the  commencement  of  the 
present  century,  it  has  disappeared  altogether  ; 
owing,  no  doubt,  to  the  price  obtained  for  barley, 
which  was  used  for  the  malting  purpose  of  the 
beer:  and  besides  that,  the  country  people  had 
learnt  the  way  of  making  whiskey  from  raw  grain 
(oats,  &c.).     The  point  about  the  "  heath  beer," 
however,   is   explained  as  follows :  —  When   the 
little  plant  is  in  blossom  (and  a  very  pretty  blos- 
som it  bears),  it  has  a  peculiarly  attractive  odour 
and  taste.     It  was  then  gathered,  and  carefully 
cleaned;  and  was  then  placed  at  the  bottom  of 
the  vessels,  through  which  the  worts  were  run  ofT, 
and  acted  as  a  strainer ;  at  the  same  time  im- 
parting to  the  liquid   a  peculiar  flavour,   most 
agreeable  to  the  palate — hence  the  fabled  tradi- 
tion of  the  beer  being  made  from  the  heath  itself. 
I  ascertained  this   fact  more  than  thirty  years 
ago  from  my  grandfather,  who  was  at  the  time  a 
fine  hale  old  gentleman,  upwards  of  eighty  years 
old ;  and  he  told  me  he  had  often  performed  the 
operation  in  making  his  own  beer.     I  may  also 
state  that  honey,  collected  in  heathery  districts  in 
Ireland,  is  more  pure  and  valuable  than  what  is 
collected  in  other  quarters.     I  have  often  drunk  a 
liquor  called  "  mead,"  which  is  produced  by  boil- 
ing honey-comb  (after  expressing  the  honey),  and 
adding   a   small  quantity    of  home-made   barm. 
This  liquor  is  agreeable  if  well  made,  and  taken 
in  small  quantity;  but  when  mixed  with  ardent 
spirits   it  is  seductive  and  intoxicating.      I  may 
add,  that  I  do  not  know  this   from  experience. 
Perhaps  this  will  explain  the  notion  of  beer  being 
made  from  heath.  S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 

In  the  moorland  districts,  traversed  by  the 
Roman  Wall  running  from  Wall's  End,  near  New- 
castle-upon-Tyne,  to  the  Solway  Frith,  tradition 
;ells  of  "  heath  beer "  as  an  ancient  tipple.  Sir 
David  Smith,  in  his  MSS.  in  the  possession  of 
;he  Duke  of  Northumberland,  speaking  of  a  large 
;rough  cut  in  the  solid  rock  at  Kutchester,  the 
Eloman  station  Vindobala,  says  :  — 

"  The  old  peasants  here  have  a  tradition  that  the 
•tomans  made  a  beverage  somewhat  like  beer  of  the  bells 
f  heather  (heath),  and  that  this  trough  \vas  used  in  the 
irocess  of  making  such  drink." 

Dr.  Bruce  adds  :  — 


s.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


311 


"  The  opinion  long  prevailed  in  Northumberland,  that 
the  Picts  had  the  art  of  preparing  an  intoxicating  liquor 
from  heather  bells,  and  that  the  secret  died  with  them." 

I  may  mention  that  "gale  beer,"  brewed  from 
a  plant  growing  on  the  moor  above  Ampleforth, 
in  Yorkshire,  is  made  and  sold  by  Mrs.  Sigsworth 
of  the  "Black  Horse,"  the  best  public  house  in 
that  long  village.  It  bears  a  high  local  celebrity  for 
its  regenerative  properties.  G.  H.  OF  S. 

I  remember,  some  years  ago,  observing  in  a 
window  close  to  "  Murdering  Lane"  (near  Kil- 
mainham  Hospital),  Dublin,  a  notice  that  "  heather 
beer"  was  to  be  had  within.  Not  long  after, 
either  in  Blackwood  or  the  Dublin  University 
Magazine,  I  found,  in  an  article  on  the  remains  of 
round  towers  in  the  Highlands  of  Scotland,  an 
account  of  the  brewing  of  heather  beer  (evidently 
of  some  peculiar  description)  having  been  a  na- 
tional secret  amongst  the  Picts ;  the  supposed  last 
of  which  race,  having  outwitted  his  conqueror, 
died  with  the  secret.  The  story  it  is  needless  to 
give  at  length ;  as,  though  romantic,  it  appears  to 
be  little  worthy  of  credit.  SPAL. 

N.B.  A  very  curious  work  might  be  written  on 
the  intoxicating  drinks  made  in  ancient  and  mo- 
dern times  from  various  vegetable  productions. 
Amongst  others,  that  from  the  soma,  or  moor  plant ; 
daroo,  from  the  Mahua  tree ;  xamshoo,  from  mil- 
let; arrack,  &c.,  &c.  Classical  literature  and 
Norse  would  contribute  materials. 

The  tradition  is  common  in  Scotland.  I  have 
heard  it  frequently  in  Forfarshire,  but  the  making 
of  an  intoxicating  liquor  from  the  heath  is  ascribed 
to  the  Picts  both  there  and  in  Caithness.  In  the 
latter  county,  the  curious  structures  called  "  Picts' 
Houses  "  are  very  common,  and  evidently  belong 
to  a  pre-historic  age,  as  evidenced  by  the  stone 
and  bronze  implements,  rude  pottery,  and  shell- 
heaps  found  in  connection  with  them.  A  more 
important  query  is — Who  were  the  (so-called) 
Picts  ? 

I  subjoin  a  version  of  the  tradition  referred  to 
by  J.  L.  as  it  exists  in  Caithness.  It  is  copied 
from  one  of  a  series  of  papers  on  the  "  Pre-His- 
toric  Races  and  Relics  of  Caithnesssbire,"  which 
appeared  last  year  in  the  columns  of  the  John 
O' Groat  Journal  (Wick).  The  writer,  after  de- 
scribing a  curious  structure  not  far  from  Wick, 
says :  — 

"  The  name  of  this  place  is  Garrywhin,  and  a  tradition 
exists  in  connection  with  it,  which  says  that  here  the 
last  of  the  Picts  existed.  The  story  goes  on  to  say  that 
the  race  of  Picts  was  reduced  to  three  persons  —  an  old 
blind  man  and  his  two  sons ;  but  before  continuing  the 
story  it  is  necessary  to  mention  that  a  notion  still  exists 
that  the  Picts  made  ale  from  heather,  and  that  it  can  still 
be  made,  only  we  want  the  knowledge  of  any  barm  or 
yeast  suited  for  it.  Now  the  Picts  were  said  to  have 
guarded  this  secret  with  great  care  from  the  race  that 


succeeded  them,  and  it  seems  that  these  three  poor  Picts 
were  much  persecuted  by  their  conquerors,  who  wished 
to  get  possession  of  their  secret.  At  last  the  old  man, 
worried  almost  to  death  by  being  so  frequently  urged  to 
reveal  what  barm  would  suit '  heather  crop,'  consented  to 
tell  on  condition  that  his  two  sons  should  first  be  put  to 
death.  To  this  proposal  the  cruel  conquerors  readily 
consented.  The  sons  were  slain,  but  the  old  man,  wish- 
ing some  of  his  oppressors  to  shake  hands  after  they  had 
completed  their  bargain,  they  became  suspicious  of  his 
intentions,  and  held  out  to  him  the  bone  of  a  horse's  leg, 
which,  with  a  firm  grasp  of  his  old  withered  hand,  he 
crushed  to  powder.  Made  aware  by  this  that  it  was  not 
over  safe  to  shake  hands  with  the  old  fellow,  they  kept 
at  a  respectful  distance,  but  still  insisted  that  he  should 
ROW  reveal  his  secret  according  to  bargain,  but  they 
could  get  nothing  out  of  him  but  the  doggrel  couplet 
which  we  often  still  hear  repeated  — 

'  Search  Brochwhin  well  out  and  well  in, 
And  barm  for  heather  crop  you'll  find  therein,' 

The  place  mentioned  here  as  Brochwhin  is  a  glen  close 
by,  and  the  tradition  is  still  believed." 

J.  A. 


At  p.  60  of  Dr.  Bruce's  Wallet  Book  of  the 
Roman  Wall  is  the  following  passage,  which  may 
probably  interest  your  correspondent  J.  L. :  — 

"  To  the  west  of  the  farm-house  (at  Rutchester,  near 
Heddon-on-the-Wall,  in  the  county  of  Northumberland) 
on  the  brow  of  the  hill  a  trough-like  excavation  has  been 
made  in  the  solid  rock.  Its  use  is  not  known.  It  was 
once  popularly  called  the  Giant's  Grave.  Another  ac- 
count of  its  use  is  recorded  in  Sir  David  Smith's  MSS. 
now  preserved  in  Alnwick  Castle.  'The  old  peasants 
here  have  a  tradition  that  the  Romans  made  a  beverage 
somewhat  like  beer  of  the  bells  of  heather  (heath),  and 
that  this  trough  was  used  in  the  process  of  making  such 
drink.'  The  opinion  long  prevailed  in  Northumberland, 
that  the  Picts  had  the  art  of  preparing  an  intoxicating 
liquor  from  heather-bells,  and  that  the  secret  died  with 

E.H.A. 

Heather  beer,  or  ale,  is  still  occasionally  brewed 
in  Scotland.  I  have  drunk  it  within  these  last  four 
years  in  the  Lammermoors.  It  is  brewed  from  the 
heather  blossoms,  and  is  very  light,  pleasant,  and 
sparkling.  The  story  universally  believed  m 
Scotland  of  the  peculiar  kind  known  only  to  the 
Picts,  and  the  way  the  last  Pict  took  to  prevent 
the  discovery  of  the  secret,  are  too  well  known  to 
need  repetition.  L-  M-  M-  R- 

This  heath  may  have  been  the  Myrica  gale 
formerly  used  so  generally  in  beer  by  the  Swedes, 
that  Christopher  III.,  in  1440,  confirmed  an  old 
law,  said  to  have  been  made  by  Magnus  Sineek, 
imposing  a  fine  on  persons  gathering  this  plant 
before  a  certain  period,  on  any  common,  or  on 
another  person's  land.  Hence  the  use  may  have 
spread  to  Ireland.  I  think  I  have  read  of  it  m 
England.  F-  C>  B" 


312 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63. 


HERALDIC :  EIGHT  TO  CONTINUE  ARMS. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  229.) 

Your  correspondent  P.  F.  will  find  the  ques- 
tion which  he  raises  discussed,  and  answered  in 
his  favour,  under  Question  28  in  Sir  George 
Mackenzie's  Observations  upon  the  Laws  and  Cus- 
toms of  Nations  as  to  Precedency.  This  treatise 
is  appended  to  the  last  edition  of  Guillim's  Dis- 
play of  Heraldry,  1724.  Long  after  Sir  George 
Mackenzie's  time,  a  case  occurred  in  Scotland 
which  gave  a  signal  confirmation  to  his  statement. 
Goldsmith,  writing  from  Edinburgh  in  September, 
1753,  to  Robert  Brianton,  says :  — 

"  Some  days  ago  I  walked  into  my  Lord  Kilconbry's. 
Don't  be  surprised,  my  lord  is  but  a  glover." 

To  this  passage  the  editor  of  the  Edinburgh 
and  London  edition  of  Goldsmith's  Works,  pub- 
lished in  1833-4,  adds  a  note  (vol.  i.  p.  301)  :  — 

"  Kircudbright.  He  assumed  the  title  in  1730,  on  the 
death  of  a  distant  relation ;  but,  though  he  always  voted 
at  the  election  of  the  Representative  Peers,  his  title  was 
not  legally  allowed  till  1773,  when  it  was  restored  to  his 
son  John.  He  used  to  stand  in  the  lobby  of  the  old  As- 
sembly Rooms,  selling  gloves  to  those  who  frequented 
this  fashionable  resort,  except  on  the  night  of  the  Peers' 
ball,  when  he  assumed  his  sword,  and  took  his  place  as  a 
noble  among  those  who,  on  other  days,  were  his  cus- 
tomers." 

The  "  distant  relation"  mentioned  in  the  note 
was  James,  sixth  Lord  Kircudbright.  The 
M'Lellans  of  Bombie,  Lords  Kircudbright,  bore, 
Or,  two  chevronels  sable.  P.  F.  has  the  same 
right  to  his  paternal  coat  as  the  second  line  of  the 
M'Lellans  had  to  their  coat  and  peerage. 

May  I  add  to  this  reply,  corrections  of  some 
errors  on  p.  234  ?  In  number  "8.  Messire  Pierre 
de  Luxemberg  "  &c.,  "  couronnee  et  armee  d'or  " 
should  be  "  couronne  et  arme  d'or."  In  number 
6.  "  le  bordure  "  is  printed  in  error  for  "  la  bor- 
dure."  D.  P. 

Stuarts  Lodge,  Malvern  Wells. 

P.  F.  may  very  properly  resume  the  use  of  his 
family  arms  under  the  circumstances  mentioned 
by  him.  The  following  quotation  from  the  Analy- 
sis of  Nobility  by  the  Baron  von  Lowhen,  p.  307, 
exactly  meets  the  case  in  point :  — 

"  As  to  any  mechanic  trade  or  service,  all  civilians  are 
unanimous  on  the  incompatibility  of  these  stations  with 
the  dignity  of  a  nobleman;  it  becomes  utterly  extin- 
guished by  them,  but  the  most  solid  (and  I  am  sure  the 
most  humane)  civilians  hold  that  posterity  is  not  involved 
in  this  debasement ;  particularly  Faber  expresses  himseli 
very  strongly  on  this  head,  whose  sense,  that  I  may  not 
wrong,  I  shall  give  in  his  own  words :  «  Qui  nobilifatem 
habet  ab  avis  et  proavis,  non  idcirco  earn  amittit,  quod 
patrem  habuerit,  qui  mechanicas  forte  et  obscuras  artes 
exercuit;  absurdum  enim  sit,  a  patre  soli  auferri  filio, 
quod  non  a  solo  patre  fllius  habet :  nee  quod  eo  ipso  tern- 
pore  conceptus  filius  fuit,  quo  pater  earn  nobilitatem  amis- 
erat,  ad  rem  pertinebit :  nam  quod  dici  solet  per  medium, 
quod  vocant  inhabile  impediri  extremorum  conjunctionem 
ad  hunc  casum  non  pertinet,  in  quo  fieri  non  potest,  quin 


avi  nobilitas,  per  patrem,  quantum  vis  ignobilem,  in  uepote 
cum  vita  transmittatur. 

1 '  Quidni  vero  cum  is  ipse  qui  mechanicas  artes  exer- 
cuit, si  ab  antiqua  prosapia  nobilis  fuerit,  sola  desinentia 
recuperet  nobilitatem,  neque  ulla  indigeat  rehabili tatione ; 
qua  procul  dubio  indigeret,  qui  ex  privilegio  et  sola  prin- 
cipis  concessioiie  primus  sibi  suisque  nobilitatem  qutesi- 
visset. 

"  '  Quod  pater  meus,  qui  nobilitatem  a  genere  habebat, 
earn  amiserit  per  actus  mechanicos,  non  debet  mini  nocere, 
licet  natus  sun  eo  tempore  quo  jam  amissa  erat  nobilitas : 
neque  mirnm,  quia  etiam  is  ipse  qui  amisisset  nobilitatem 
avitam,  recuperaret  earn  per  solam  desistentiam,  qua; 
saltern  turn  evenit  cum  is  moritur ;  cur  ergo  mihi  nocebit, 
quod  ei,  si  hodie  viveret,  non  noceret  ?  non  idem  est,  si 
pater  nobilitatem  habuit  duntaxat  ex  privilegio ;  amit- 
tendo  enim  privilegium  et  sibi  noceret  et  posteris ;  nisi 
proponas  nobilitatem  a  principe  datam  ei  et  ejus  posteris ; 
tune  enim  factum  patris  nocere  filiis  non  deberet.'" 

In  a  note  to  his  History  of  the  Reign  of  Ferdi- 
nand and  Isabella,  chapter  xxvi.,  Prescott  says :  — 

"  A  whimsical  distinction  prevails  in  Castile  in  refer- 
ence to  the  more  humble  occupations.  A  man  of  gentle 
blood  may  be  a  coachman,  lacquey,  scullion,  or  any  other 
menial,  without  disparaging  his  nobility,  which  is  said 
to  sleep  in  the  meanwhile.  But  he  fixes  on  it  an  indelible 
stain  if  he  exercises  any  mechanical  vocation." 

In  the  Ordonnances  which  Zypceus  has  inserted 
in  his  treatise  De  Notitia  Juris  Belgici;  and  which 
are  quoted  by  Menestrier  in  his  Beckerches  du 
Blason  (Paris,  1673),  p.  217,  the  following  oc- 
curs :  — 

"  Ut  qui  per  Mechanica  exercitia,  seu  vilem  profes- 
sionem  aliam,  nobilitatem  exciderint,  illius  rursum  honore, 
aut  immunitate  non  frnantur,  nisi  postquam  ab  illis  reipsa 
abstinuerint,  ac  nobilis  Genealogiae  suae  recta  serie  probatae 
litteras  a  Principe  rehabilitationis  obtinuerint,  eseque 
Heraldorum  actis  inscriptse  fuerint,  nisi  ubi  mores  Emo- 
logati,  seu  alias  notorie  usurpati,  hujusmodi  litteras  non 
exigant." 

J.    WOODWABD. 

New  Shoreham. 

As  the  query  of  P.  F.  is  not,  as  he  imagines, 
sufficiently  abstruse  for  the  "  learned  corre- 
spondents," I  take  upon  myself  the  responsibility 
of  answering  it.  Although  his  grandfather  pro- 
bably lived  before  by  "  sending  name  and  county," 
he  could,  as  now,  be  accommodated  with  armorial 
ensigns  at  the  low  figure  of  3s.  6d.,  it  does  not 
at  all  stand  to  reason  that  because  he  "  bore 
arms "  he  was  entitled  to  do  so.  If,  however,  he 
did,  of  right,  so  bear  them,  and  begat  the  father 
of  P.  F.  in  lawful  wedlock,  his  child  most  indu- 
bitably inherited  that  right  from  him,  despite  his 
wild  inclinations,  his  running  away  from  home, 
and  the  obtaining  of  his  livelihood  as  a  mechanic. 

By  the  same  rule,  P.  F.  is  equally  entitled  to 
his  coat  armour;  and  I  may  express  my  belief, 
from  the  account  he  gives  of  himself,  that  he  will 
bear  it  with  honour.  If  titles  are  not  lost,  though 
resuscitated  through  the  sieve  of  the  lowest  grade, 
surely  the  lesser  hereditary  honor  of  a  grant  of 
arms  cannot  be  so.  S.  T. 


3*d  S.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


313 


ARCHBISHOP  LEIGHTON'S  LIBRARY  (3rd  S.  iv. 
63,  131.) — I  beg  to  thank  you,  Mr.  Editor,  and 
those  of  your  correspondents  who  have  kindly 
answered  some  of  my  Queries.  To  'AXjeuj,  to 
whom  I  am  especially  indebted,  I  should  have 
replied  before,  but  that  I  was  absent  from  home. 
The  "  no  doubt,"  in  my  sentence,  referred  to  the 
identity  of  The  Puritan  turned  Jesuit  in  Leighton's 
Catalogue  with  the  treatise  so  named  which  was 
published  in  1643 ;  and  was  not  intended  for  an 
"unhesitating"  assertion  of  the  authorship,  of 
which  I  knew  nothing,  except  that  Dr.  Watt  as- 
signs it  to  Dr.  John  Owen,  though  I  certainly 
received  Dr.  Watt's  statement  without  question. 

I  fear  that  I  published  my  Queries  at  an  un- 
favourable time,  when  everybody  almost  had  left 
town  and  books  behind  them.  By-and-by,  how- 
ever, I  trust  to  get  some  further  replies ;  espe- 
cially to  my  query  about  Sir  Roger  L'Estrange, 
and  The  Naked  Truth  whipped  and  stripped. 

EIBIONNACH. 

Guroo  FAWKES  (3rd  S.  iv.  249.) — 0.  can  see  at 
the  State  Paper  Office  the  Confession  (so  called) 
of  Guy  Fawkes,  to  which  he  affixed  his  signature, 
"  Guido  Fawkes."  The  letters  are  well  shaped, 
and  large,  but  written  evidently  by  a  hand  weak 
and  tremulous,  from  torture,  as  it  may  be  pre- 
sumed, for  the  original  authority,  or  order,  of 
King  James  is  likewise  to  be  seen,  directing  tor- 
ture to  be  applied  "  usque  ad  imum." 

These  remarkable  documents  were  brought  to 
light  about  thirty  years  ago,  when  the  State 
Paper  Office  was  in  Great  George  Street,  and 
when  Mr.  Lemon  began  to  introduce  order  into 
the  chaos  which  at  that  time  reigned  in  the  col- 
lection of  old  State  Papers.  J.  G.  W. 

LORD  CHATHAM  ;  SPANISH  LANGUAGE  (3rd  S.  i. 
506.)  —  The  Saturday  Reviewer  was  certainly 
wrong  in  making  Lord  Chatham  "  learn  Spanish 
at  seventy"  as  he  wanted  some  months  of  that 
age  when  he  died  on  May  11,  1778. 

D.  M.  STEVENS. 

Guildford. 

AN  ANCIENT  CUSTOM  (3rd  S.  iv.  244.)  —  Your 
correspondent  has  fallen  into  a  mistake  regarding 
the  place  where  the  Lord  Mayor  of  Dublin  used 
in  former  days  to  "  throw  the  dart."  Bullock 
was  not  the  locality,  being  far  beyond  his  bounds ; 
but  Blackrock,  which  lies  between  Dublin  and 
Kingstown,  as  appears,  for  example,  from  the  fol- 
lowing advertisement  in  an  old  Dublin  news- 
paper :  — 

"  Next  Monday  the  Right  Hon.  the  Lord  Mayor, 
attended  by  the  city  officers,  will  throw  the  dart  at  the 
Black-rock,  according  to  triennial  custom."  —  Sleater's 
Public  Gazetteer,  4th  August,  1764. 

I  may  take  this  opportunity  of  stating  that  in 
Whitelaw  and  Walsh's  History  of  the  City  of 
Dublin,  vol.  i.  pp.  98-103,  "  the  form  of  peram- 


bulating the  franchises,  as  the  same  was  done  in 
Sir  John  Tyrrell's  mayoralty,  in  the  year  1602," 
is  given  at  full  length,  but  with  many  strange 
blunders.  The  original  is  in  the  Charter  Book 
of  the  Corporation  of  Dublin,  fol.  138-141,  and  is 
entitled  — 

"  The  Ryding  of  the  fraunches  and  liberties  of  the  Citty 
of  Dublin  according  to  the  auncient  cuatome,  and  lately 
perambulated  in  the  yeare  of  Sir  John.  Terrell's  maior- 
alty." 

A  literary  friend  has  kindly  furnished  me  with 
a  carefully  corrected  copy  of  this  curious  docu- 
ment. Messrs.  Whitelaw  and  Walsh  (good  and 
useful  as  their  publication  is  in  other  respects) 
were  undoubtedly  very  careless  in  transcribing, 
and  consequently  (as  I  have  said)  made  many 
strange  blunders.  One  specimen  must  suffice  for 
the  present.  In  p.  102,  1.  9  from  bottom,  the 
Mayor  is  represented  as  causing  the  Sword-bearer 
"  to  sit  on  the  King's  sword " ;  but  his  lordship 
did  no  such  thing.  Instead  of  "  the  mayor  caused 
the  sword-bearer  to  sit  on  the  king's  sword,"  read, 
"  through  a  window  "  [which  words  are  omitted], 
"  the  mayor  caused  the  sword-bearer  to  sett  in 
the  king's  sword"  —  which  gives  a  very  different 
meaning. 

Having  said  so  much  of  one  "  ancient  custom," 
let  me  refer  to  another,  of  which  all  traces  have 
disappeared ;  and  as  it  was  of  an  interesting  cha- 
racter, perhaps  some  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  may 
be  able  and  willing  to  throw  a  little  light  on  its 
history.  It  is  referred  to  in  the  following  terms 
in  Sleater's  Public  Gazetter,  October  3rd,  1761: — 

"  According  to  annual  custom  [on  Tuesday,  September 
29],  a  large  quantity  of  oysters  were  brought  into  town 
[Dublin],  with  colours  on  the  several  carriages,  and 
music." 

ABHBA. 

PAUL  JONES  (3rd  S.  iv.  269,  300.)— I  apprehend 
the  object  of  LOYAL  is  to  obtain  either  a  sight  of 
the  original  letter,  dated  April  24,  1778,  and 
written  by  the  Countess  of  Selkirk— detailing  the 
particulars  of  Paul  Jones's  piratical  inroad  upon 
the  domain  of  that  noble  family  on  the  north 
shore  of  the  Solway  Frith,  on  the  previous  day — 
or  to  be  referred  to  any  publication  of  that  letter 
in  any  magazine  or  work  of  that  period.  Among 
the  copies  which  were  taken  of  her  ladyship's 
admirably  written  letter  there  was  one,  many 
years  ago,  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  John  Nichol- 
son, a  respectable  bookseller  of  Kirkcudbright ; 
and  which,  no  doubt,  will  have  been  preserved 
by  his  descendants  if  he  be  not  now  living, 
should  think  there  is  also  very  little  doubt  that 
such  a  valuable  document  has  been  consigned  to 
the  archives  of  the  family,  and  so  preserved  as  a 
heirloom;  and,  should  this  be  the  case,  as  the 
present  Earl  is  a  very  courteous  and  obliging 
nobleman,  I  think  a  perusal  of  it  might  be  ob- 
tained through  the  application  of  some  respectable 


314 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  s.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63. 


channel  to  his  Lordship  at  St.  Mary's  Isle,  Kirk- 
cudbright. 

I  may  also  be  permitted  to  allude  to  one  of  the 
most  audacious  impertinent  letters  ever  penned, 
from  the  above  arch-pirate  to  the  Countess  of 
Selkirk,  to  extenuate  his  robbery  of  the  plate  on 
April  23,  1778.  Our  language  has  not  a  more 
perfect  specimen  of  the  mock-heroic  ;  but  should 
any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  think  it  worth  perusal, 
he  will  find  it  in  Colburn's  United  Service  Maga- 
zine for  January,  1843  (pp.  68 — 70),  in  an  article 
by  that  very  respectable  gentleman  and  author 
Mr.  Allen,  who  observes :  "  We  do  not  remember 
to  have  seen  anything  at  all  approaching  the 
above  in  egotism,  ignorance,  or  impudence,  ex- 
cept perhaps  in  the  celebrated  compositions  of 
Tittlebat  Titmouse,  Esquire,  in  Ten  Thousand  a 
Year"  ADJUTOR. 

BIBLE  TRANSLATORS  (3rd  S.  iv.  228.) — Thanks 
for  three  dates  of  deaths.  Could  not  the  regis- 
trars of  dioceses  kindly  furnish  a  few  dates  to  fill 
up  remaining  lacunae. 

Dr.  Francis  Burleigh  was  Vicar  of  Bishops' 
Stortford ;  perhaps  also  of  Thorley,  Herts.* 

Dr.  Geoffrey  King  was  Regius  Hebrew  Pro- 
fessor of  Cambridge. 

Richard  Thompson  was  of  Clare  Hall,  Cam- 
bridge. 

Edward  Lively  was  Regius  Professor  of  Hebrew, 
Cambridge. 

Francis  Dillingham  was  parson  of  Dean,  and 
Vicar  of  Wilden,  Bucks  [Beds  ?]. 

Thomas  Harrison,  Master  of  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge. 

Robert  Spalding,  Regius  Professor  of  Hebrew, 
Cambridge. 

Dr.  Andrew  Byng,  Archdeacon  of  Norwich. 

Dr.  John  Harding,  Regius  Professor  of  Hebrew, 
Oxford,  Rector  of  Halsey,  Oxon.f 

Dr.  Ralph  Hutcheson,  President  of  St.  John's, 
Oxford. 

Michael  Rabbett,  Rector  of  St.  Vedast's,  Foster 
Lane,  London. 

Dr.  Thomas  Sanderson,  Archdeacon  of  Ro- 
chester. 

Could  not  the  MESSRS.  COOPER,  who  are  at 
once  so  accurate  and  so  communicative,  oblige 
me  with  the  Cambridge  names  ?  X.  Y.  Z. 

THE  MONOGRAM  OF  CONSTANTINE  (3rd  S.  iii. 
235,  259.) — I  must  own  that  I  have  not  seen  any 
coin  or  medal  of  Constantine  the  Great  with  the 
sacred  monogram  upon  it.  I  made  the  assertion 

[*  John  Mountford  was  instituted  to  the  Rectorv  of 
Thorley  3rd  of  May,  1619,  upon  the  death  of  Dr.  Francis 
Burley.— Clutterbuck's  Herts,  iii.  272.] 

[t  Dr.  John  Harding  would  seem  to  have  died  in  1610 ; 
for  in  that  year  he  was  succeeded  by  others  in  both  his 
offices  of  President  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  and 
Regius  Professor  of  Hebrew  in  that  University.— E.  H.  A.] 


that  it  appeared  on  his  coins  from  what  the 
learned  and  accurate  Alban  Butler  says  in  his 
note  on  the  Labarum  (Sept.  14),  where  he  speaks 
of  several  medals  which  Constantine  and  his  suc- 
cessor struck,  from  which,  he  says,  it  appears  that 
he  ascribed  his  victories  to  the  miraculous  sign 
of  the  cross.  Aringhi  also,  speaking  of  the  sacred 
monogram  of  the  name  of  Christ,  says  :  — 

"  Cuique  ad  haec  usque  tempora  oculis  ultro  exploran- 
tibus  innotescat,  in  ipsis  videlicet  numismatibus  turn  a  Con- 
stantino Magno,  turn  ab  Arcadia  Augusto  olim  editis 
sacrum  Christi  nomen  Gratis  duabus  litteris  militari 
labaro  sub  Crucis  forma  X  insculptum,  designatumque 
fuisse.  (Roma  Subterranea,  lib.  vi.  cap.  xxiii.)" 

I  have  no  pretensions  to  numismatic  science, 
and  my  collection  of  coins  is  very  limited ;  but  it 
contains  one  copper  coin  of  Arcadius,  with  the 
labarum,  as  alluded  to  above.  It  resembles  the 
gold  coin  figured  in  the  above  work,  several  spe- 
cimens of  which  were  found  in  the  rubbish  of  the 
Lateran  palace  when  under  repairs  by  Pope 
Sixtus  V.,  and  so  highly  valued  by  that  pontiff 
and  certain  bishops,  to  whom  he  gave  specimens 
as  a  particular  favour. 

I  shall  be  curious  to  see  what  reasons  a  Chris- 
tian can  show  for  doubting  whether  the  sacred 
monogram  is  in  reality  a  Christian  emblem ;  and 
shall,  I  hope,  be  ready  to  consider  them  in  a 
proper  spirit. 

Notwithstanding  the  positive  assurance  quoted 
from  Mr.  Humphrey's  Coin  Manual,  we  do  not 
seek  in  vain  for  any  Christian  emblems  on  the 
coins  of  Constantine,  though  we  may  not  find  the 
Labarum  upon  them.  A  coin  of  the  first  Christian 
emperor  is  figured  in  Aringhi  (t.  ii.  lib.  vi.  cap. 
23)  from  the  Museum  of  Francis  Angeloni,  bear- 
ing the  head  of  Constantine  on  one  side,  and  on 
the  other  a  broad  cross,  with  a  figure  of  Victory 
standing  upon  it,  and  the  inscription,  Virt.  Exerc. 
plainly  intimating  the  sacred  source  of  power  and 
victory.  F.  C.  H. 

P.S.  I  take  this  opportunity  to  mention  that  in 
my  late  communication  on  the  subject  of  St.  Patrick 
and  the  shamrock,  I  wrote,  or  certainly  intended 
to  write,  wood-sorrel,  not  wild  sorrel. 

CHESSBOROUGH  doubts  the  accuracy  of  F.  C.  H. 
in  his  statement,  that  the  labarum  appears  on  the 
coins  of  Constantine  the  Great.  If  he  will  refer 
to  Akerman's  Roman  Corns,  vol.  ii.,  he  will  find 
a  gold  coin  described  at  p.  234,  No.  69,  VICTORIA 
CONSTANTINA  AVG.,  with  the  monogram  of  Christ, 
and  LXXII.  in  the  field.  In  the  exergue,  SMAN. 
A  preceding  coin,  likewise  in  gold  (No.  62),  de- 
scribes "the  Emperor  standing,  in  a  military 
habit,  holding  the  labarum  and  a  buckler,  two 
figures  kneeling ; "  but  this  labarum  might  have 
been  the  one  in  use  before  the  conversion  of  the 
Emperor.  At  p.  245  of  the  same  publication,  a 
third  brass  coin  (No.  31)  has  inscribed,  "  SPES  . 


3rd  S.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


315 


PVBLICA.  the  labarum  surmounted  by  the  mono- 
gram of  Christ,  placed  upon  a  serpent.  In  the 
exergue,  CONS  .  (Mionnet.)  A  brass  medallion  of 
Crispus,  the  son  of  Constantine  is  described  at  p. 
240  (No.  6),  inscribed  "  SALTS  .  ET  .  SPES  .  XRPVBLI- 
CAE  (sic).  The  effigy  of  Christ,  full-faced,  seated, 
the  right  hand  raised,  the  left  holding  a  cross ; 
on  each  side  a  soldier,  standing.  In  the  exergue 
s  .  P.  (Mionnet,  from  Mus.  Sanclementiani,"  p. 
182.)  Constans  likewise  adopted  the  Christian 
emblems,  and  also  Constantius  II.,  which  proves 
that  the  good  example  set  by  Constantine  had  not 
been  lost  on  his  sons.  \3. 

FLAMBOROCGH  TOWER  (3rd  S.  iv.  231.)  —  ! 
hardly  think  the  opinion  given  in  Knox's  Antiqui- 
ties respecting  the  Danes'  Tower  at  Flamborough 
Head  is  correct.  There  are  no  traces  of  Saxon 
work  in  the  building,  and  it  is  totally  unlike  a  re- 
ligious edifice,  being  square  and  apparently  more 
than  one  story  high.  There  would  have  been 
windows  and  openings  to  give  light,  not  mere 
slits.  A  few  hundred  yards  off  is  the  church, 
which  contains  traces  of  the  former  one  having 
been  built  by  the  Normans.  A  curious  old  Nor- 
man font  still  stands  at  the  west  end. 

JNO.  A.  BROWN,  Arch. 
86,  King  Street,  Manchester. 

DERIVATION  OF  PAMPHLET  (2nd  S.  ii.  409,  460, 
477,  514.)  —  "  Minshew  derives  it  from  the  Greek, 
irdv  Tr\j]0<a,  all  full  [as  filling  all  places,  which  all 
vulgar  and  popular  things  have  the  property  of 
of  doing]  ;  Skinner  from  pampire,  Fr.  from  papy- 
rus ;  Cole  from  pampier,  paper :  all  very  improb- 
able. It  is  clear  that  we  are  not  yet  on  the  right 
scent "  (p.  460).  Another  original  has  been  sug- 
gested from  irav  and  <p\fyu !  "  Another  idea  of 
the  radix  of  the  word  pamphlet  is,  that  it  is  de- 
rived from  irav,  all,  and  tj>i\tu,  I  love ;  signifying  a 
thing  beloved  by  all." — Myles  Davies's  Icon  Libel- 
lorum,  quoted  in  Richardson's  Dictionary,  and  in 
a  "Dissertation  upon  Pamphlets"  subjoined  to 
Phoenix  Britannicus.  To  the  writer  of  this  Note, 
another  derivation  has  been  suggested  by  the 
manner  in  which  the  word  is  spelt  in  "  N.  &  Q." 
(3rd  S.  iv.  185),  viz.  "  phamphlett."  May  it  not  be 
compounded  of  fame  (Grace  <^/«?»  Dorice  <f>d/jia, 
Latine  fama),  and  the  common  term  of  diminu- 
tion -let.  "Thus,  in  French,  the  diminutive  of 
the  word  livre  is  livret ;  and  thus,  in  English,  we 
have  aglet,  amulet,  bracelet,  chapter,  corslet,  eaglet" 
&c.  (Phoenix  Brit.,  p.  554).  In  the  French  dic- 
tionaries, s.  v.  "  Pamphlet,"  besides  brochure,  is  the 
definition  "  libelle  dif/a/natoire ;"  but  in  accord- 
ance with  the  etymon  of  the  word  now  proposed, 
it  is  applied  not  only  to  what  is  libellous  and  de- 
famatory, but  to  the  eulogistic  and  laudatory. 
Thus  of  scurrilous  and  abusive  pamphlets  to  be 
burned  in  1647,  we  read  in  Rushworth;  and  by 
the  name  of  Pamphlet,  is  the  Encomium  on  Queen 


Emma  called  in  Hollinshed.  I  have  not  suc- 
ceeded in  finding  this  passage  in  Hollinshed.  Let 
it  further  be  remembered  that  in  former  days 
newspapers  were  not  "  folios  of  four  leaves,"  but 
tiny  pamphlets ;  and  sometimes  single  small  quarto 
sheets. 

Another  derivation  has  occurred  to  me,  which 
some  perhaps  will  think  the  best ;  if  satisfied  with 
the  insertion,  euphonies  gratia,  of  a  letter  or  two 
before  -let. 

What  is  the  most  obvious  property  of  a  pam- 
phlet ?  Is  it  not  to  be  held  or  kept  in  the  palm, 
to  be  touched  with  the  palm,  to  be  handled  ? 
Thus  it  is  only  a  term  corresponding  to  the 
Greek  fyxflp'l^lol'i  the  Latin  manuale,  and  our  own 
hand-book:  adopted  lately,  but  perhaps  not  un- 
necessarily from  the  German. 

BlBLIOTHECAR.  CHETHAM. 

SIEGE  OF  BELGRADE  (3rd  S.  iv.  88.) — This  re- 
markable literary  tour-de-force  certainly  did  not 
first  appear  in  Bentley's  Miscellany  for  March, 
1838.  I  have  it  before  me,  printed  at  p.  244  of 
the  Hampshire  Magazine,  published  at  Winches- 
ter A.D.  1828,  with  the  following  heading  :  — 

"  These  lines  having  been  incorrectly  printed  in  a  Lon- 
don publication :  we  have  been  favoured  by  the  Author 
with  an  authentic  copy  of  them." 

If  my  memory  is  not  very  treacherous,  the  per- 
son whom  the  editor  of  the  Hampshire  Magazine 
believed,  and  who  believed  himself,  to  be  the 
author,  was  the  Rev.  B.  Poulter,  Prebendary  of 
Winchester.  Mr.  Poulter,  well  remembered  by 
old  Wykehamists,  was,  I  believe,  a  Westminster 
man:  and  hence  the  compatibility  of  this  state- 
ment with  the  account  given  more  than  once  in 
the  last  Series  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  that  the  lines  first 
appeared  in  a  magazine  started  at  Westminster, 
in  opposition  to  Canning's  Microcosm. 

C.  W.  BlNGHAM. 

ARMS  OF  PIZARRO  (3rd  S.  iv.  8,  55.)  — The 
charges  in  the  arms  of  Pizarro  are  not  generally 
described  as  pigs  wider  an  oak,  but,  as  the  follow- 
ing extracts  will  show,  as  bears  or  wolves  beneath 
a  pine-tree.  As  given  by  Rietstap  in  the  Armo- 
rial General  (Gouda,  1861),  p.  818,  the  arms 
are:  — 

"  D'arg.  au  pin  de  sin.  finite  d'or,  accoste'  de  deux  ours 
au  nat.,  grimpant  centre  le  fut  de  1'arbre,  et  deux  ardoises 
de  sa.  au  pied." 

This  coat  is  borne  as  a  surtout  on  the  following 
escutcheon :  — 

Parti :  au  I.  coupe :  i.  d'or,  a  1'aigle  de  sa :  cour :  du 
champ,  et  tenant  dans  chaque  serre  une  colonne  avec  la 
legende :  '  Plus  ultra,'  de  sa. ;  ii.  de  sa.,  a  la  ville  d'arg : 
pose'e  sur  des  ondes  du  meme ;  le  tout  a  1'orle  de  sin.  ch. 
de  8  lamas  d'arg. — Au  II.  coupe':  au  i.  parti  (a)  de  sa :  a 
un  village  dans  une  ile  d'arg :  les  clochers  sommea  d'une 
couronne  imperiale  d'or ;  (6)  de  gu.  au  lion  d'or,  cour.  du 
meme,  tenant  de  la  patte  dextre  un  F  du  meme ;  au  ii. 
d'arg.  au  lion  de  gu.  cour.  d'or.  L'ecu  ente  en  pointe, 


316 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


g.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63. 


d'az.  au  roi  Atabaliba,  entoure"  de  7  tetes  en  orle,  le  tout  de  | 
earn:  a  la  bord.  d'az.   ch.  de  8  griffons  d'or,  sur  une  ! 
chaine  du  meme,  chacun  tenant  de  la  patte  dextre  une 
bannie're." 

Goussancourt,  in  his  Martyrologe  des  Chevaliers 
de  Malte  (Paris,  1643),  tome  i.  p.  141,  gives  the 
arms  thus :  — 

"  D'argent  a  un  pin  de  sinople  et  deux  loups  rampans 
de  sable,  qui  est  sur  le  tout  de  six  e"cartelages,"  &c. 
The  quarterings  are  nearly  the  same  as  those 
given  above,  but  the  shield  is  differently  divided. 
At  pp.  155  and  253,  he  describes  the  animals  as 
bears  instead  of  wolves.  J.  WOODWARD. 

New  Shoreham. 

PORTRAITS  OF  DR.  JOHNSON  (3rd  S.  iv.  209.)  — 
I  have  in  my  possession  a  portrait  of  Dr.  John- 
son which  has  been  pronounced  by  competent 
judges  to  be  a  "  Sir  Joshua,"  and  which  I  think 
might  possibly  be  the  portrait  described  by  MR. 
BOOTH  as  having  been  painted  for  the  Doctor's 
old  friend  Dr.  Taylor.  It  presents  the  charac- 
teristics of  all,  without  being  a  copy  of  any  one 
in  particular,  of  Sir  Joshua's  portraits  of  the  great 
lexicographer ;  and  it  certainly  has  never  been 
engraved.  _  Mr.  Scharf,  of  the  National  Portrait 
Gallery,  did  me  the  honour  to  inspect  this  paint- 
ing, and  subsequently  intimated  to  me  that  he 
was_  prepared  to  submit  it  to  the  trustees  with 
a  view  to  its  being  purchased  for  the  National 
Collection,  requesting  me  to  ,  forward  it  to  the 
gallery.  The  portrait,  however,  after  being  at 
the  gallery  for  two  months  or  more,  was  returned 
without  any  reason  being  assigned  for  its  non- 
reception.  Should  MR.  BOOTH  or  any  other 
reader  of  ;'  N.  &  Q."  desire  to  see  this  portrait,  I 
shall  have  great  pleasure  in  showing  it  to  anyone 
who  will  take  the  trouble  to  call  on  me. 

GEORGE  PAUL. 

5,  Cumberland  Terrace, 
Lloyd  Square,  London,  W.C. 

SQTJAIR  MEN  OF  DUMFRIES  (3rd  S.  iv.  187.)  — 
The  "squair  men"  of  Dumfries  were,  doubtless, 
the  carpenters  of  that  ilk  :  — 

"  Squareman.  A  carpenter,  Dumfr."— JAMIESON. 
The  craftsmen   at  Dumfries  were  divided  into 
seven  corporations  :  "the  hammer-men,  or  black- 
smiths ;  the  sqtiaremen,  or  carpenters,"  &c. 
"  The  squaremen  follow'd  i'  the  raw  [row], 
And  syne  the  weavers." 

SCHIN. 

SERMON  AGAINST  VACCINATION  (3rd  S.  iv.  160.) — 
I  add  another,  and  even  later,  confirmation  of 
Lord  WharnclifFe's  remark  that  the  "  clergy  de- 
scanted from  their  pulpits  on  the  impiety  of 
vaccination  " :  — 

"  A  Sermon :  Innoculation,  a  Presumptuous  Practice, 
destructive  to  Man.  By  Joseph  Greenhill,  A.M.,  Rector 
of  East  Hbrsley  and  East  Clandon,  in  Surry  (sic).  Lon- 
don :  Printed  for  S.  Crowder  and  H.  Woodgate,  at  the 
Golden  Ball,  in  Pater-Noster-Row.  M.DCC.LVI.  Price 
One  Shilling." 


Title-page.      The   Preface,  pp.  iii. — vi. ;    and 

pp.  29,  4to.     The  text  of  this  astounding  Sermon 
is  Matthew  ix.  12.  A.  B.  G. 

1st  Manse,  Kinross. 

MEDIATISED  GERMAN  PRINCES  (3rd  S.  iv.230.) — 
In  the  Almanack  de  Gotha,  1863  (p.  241),  will  be 
found  a  — 

"  Liste,  d'apres  les  documents  fournis  en  1829,  a  la 
Diete  par  les  gouvernements  allemands,  des  maisons  des 
anciens  princes  actuellement  mediatises,  auxquels  on  a 
reconnu  un  droit  au  titre  d' '  Altesse  Serenissime '  (Durch- 
laucht),  droit  confirme  par  la  Confederation  Germanique 
le  13  aout  1825." 

In  the  same  work  (pp.  95 — 240),  further  par- 
ticulars are  given  under  the  head  "  Families  Prin- 
cieres  non-souveraines,"  where  the  mediatised 
princes  are  distinguished  by  an  asterisk  :  they  are 
forty-nine  in  number,  among  whom  occur  Ester- 
hazy,  Hohenlohe-Langenburg,  Hohenlohe-Wal- 
denburg-Schillingsfurst,  Metternich,  Salm-Salm, 
Schwarzenberg,  Solms-Braunfels,  Thurn  und 
Taxis,  Windisch-Graetz,  &c.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

QUARTERLY  REVIEWS  (3rd  S.  iv.  226.)  — I  feel 
daily  the  want  of  an  Index  to  the  Quarterlies,  such 
as  MR.  SHAW  suggests.  A  compilation  of  this  kind 
was  published  in  America  about  ten  years  ago ; 
but  the  Index  to  Periodical  Literature,  by  William 
Frederick  Poole,  although  a  very  useful  book  of 
reference,  is  not  compiled  on  the  best  possible 
plan.  It  excludes  many  British  reviews,  and  in- 
cludes a  large  number  of  American  publications  of 
little  interest  on  this  side  the  Atlantic.  One  very 
prominent  defect  is,  that  the  references  to  several 
of  our  periodicals  are  made  to  the  American  re- 
prints ;  and  are,  therefore,  quite  useless  to  us 
who  can  only  possess  the  copyright  editions.  An 
Index  to  our  Quarterly  Reviews  is  felt  to  be  so 
great  a  want,  that  I  do  not  despair  of  seeing  such 
a  work  carried  out ;  but  if  it  is  ever  done,  it  must 
be  by  the  joint  labour  of  many  compilers :  for  it 
is  in  a  high  degree  improbable  that  any  one  per- 
son will  be  found  willing  to  devote  time  to  an 
undertaking  which  would,  at  the  best,  but  barely 
pay  the  expenses  of  the  printer  and  publisher. 

Such  an  Index  should  include  every  English 
quarterly  review,  even  those  whose  issue  has  only 
been  a  single  number ;  it  should,  on  the  other 
hand,  exclude  the  quarterly  proceedings  of  learned 
societies,  and  all  weekly,  fortnightly,  monthly  and 
bi-monthly  magazines.  A  difficulty  would  arise 
in  the  case  of  periodicals  which  at  one  period  of 
their  existence  have  been  issued  as  quarterly  re- 
views, and  at  another  time  in  a  monthly  or  weekly 
form.  The  Christian  Remembrancer  and  The 
Rambler  are  examples  of  this.  Here  the  proper 
plan  would  be  to  index  the  quarterly  portions 
only. 

An  Index  such  as  this  would  occupy  between 
four  and  five  hundred  double-columned  octavo 
pages.  GRIME. 


3'd  S.  IV.  OCT.  17,  ;C3.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


317 


UNIVERSITY  DEGREES  (3rd  S.  210.)  —  If  your 
correspondent  LL.D.  will  refer  to  the  last  edition 
of  the  Oxford  Statutes  (1861,  p.  134),  or  the  last 
year's  Calendar  (p.  126),  he  will  find  that  Masters 
of  Arts,  and  Bachelors  and  Doctors  of  Civil  Law, 
Medicine,  or  Divinity,  of  Cambridge  or  Dublin, 
may  be  admitted  comitatis  causa  to  all  the  privi- 
leges of  these  several  degrees  in  Oxford,  except 
the  right  of  voting,  and  the  title  of  graduates  of 
Oxford.  The  ad  eundem  is  transformed  into  comi- 
tatis causa,  amongst  many  other  changes. 

S.  T.  P. 

CREST  OF  PRINCE  OF  WALES  (3rd  S.  iv.  209.)  — 
The  coronet  with  three  plumes,  and  the  initials 
"  C.  P.  1636,"  at  the  back  of  the  chancel  in  High 
Laver  Church,  Essex,  and  in  the  front  of  the 
chancel  the  royal  arms  of  Charles  I.,  may  be 
simply  accounted  for  thus :  — 1636  was  about  the 
time  when  Charles  determined  to  reign  without 
a  Parliament,  and  on  all  occasions  insisted  on  the 
divine  right  of  kings.  When  James  I.  came  to 
the  throne,  he  issued  an  order  that  the  previous 
practice  of  setting  up  the  royal  arms  in  parish 
churches,  which  had  in  some  measure  been  ne- 
glected, should  be  renewed,  with  the  Scotch  uni- 
corn as  joint  supporter  with  the  British  lion.  In 
High  Laver  parish,  there  were  probably  no  royal 
arms  in  the  church ;  and  in  many  other  parishes 
also.  In  such  places  Charles  required  them  to 
be  replaced,  as  a  demonstration  of  the  ruling 
power  in  England.  And  by  way  of  further  in- 
creasing and  perpetuating  "  the  powers  that  be," 
he  added  the  crest  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  :  C.  P. 
(Prince  Charles),  afterwards  Charles  II.  I  have 
lately  returned  from  a  tour  in  Essex  and  the  Suf- 
folk coast ;  and  at  Ipswich  I  observed,  in  St.  Mar- 
garet's Church,  the  Prince  of  Wales's  feathers  on 
one  of  the  side  walls,  the  royal  arms  being  on  the 
front  of  the  chancel ;  but  on  neither  board  were 
there  any  initials,  or  date  of  the  reign  when  there 
set  up.  And  also,  in  "  Sparrowe's  House,"  which 
has  the  royal  arms  on  its  front,  I  observed  the 
Prince's  feathers  in  a  quaint  old  court  with  a 
gallery  running  round  it,  in  the  interior  of  the 
mansion.  Why,  how,  or  when  these  emblems  of 
royalty  came  there,  I  shall  offer  no  opinion.  I 
may  simply  add,  that  Prince's  feathers  with  the 
king's  arms  in  churches  are  exceptions,  and  not 
the  general  rule.  QUEEN'S  GARDENS. 

LONDON  UNIVERSITY  (3rd  S.  iv.  247.)  —  Your 
correspondent  MR.'  WYNNE  E.  BAXTER  will  find  a 
short  historical  account  of  the  University  from 
the  pen  of  its  late  Registrar,  Dr.  Rothman,  in 
Professor  Francis  W.  Newman's  translation  of 
The  English  Universities  of  Prof.  V.  A.  Huber, 
London :  Pickering.  JOHN  W.  BONE,  B.A. 

41,  Bedford  Square7W.C. 

FIGURES  IN  STONES  (3rd  S.  iv.  109.)  — In  the 
British  Museum  is  a  specimen  of  Egyptian  jasper, 


the  natural  markings  of  which  present  a  very 
tolerable  likeness  of  Chaucer  the  poet.  It  is  en- 
graved in  the  volume  on  Geology,  Crystallography, 
and  Mineralogy  in  Orr's  Circle  of  the  Sciences 
(London,  1855),  p.  509.  J.  WOODWARD. 

New  Shoreham. 

THE  EARL  OF  SEFTON  (3rd  S.  iv.  148,  198,257.) 
Charles  William,  eighth  Viscount  Molyneaux,  was 
created  Earl  of  Sefton,  November  30th,  1771  ; 
and  having  married  Lady  Isabella  Stanhope,  left 
an  only  son  William,  whose  son's  son  is  the  pre- 
sent and  fourth  Earl  of  Sefton.  Therefore,  not- 
withstanding MR.  REDMOND'S  reference  to  Burke's 
Peerage,  I  think  I  was  right  in  questioning  his 
statement,  that  "  the  Earl  of  Sefton,  of  Croxteth 
Hall,  near  this  town  [Liverpool],  was  about  eighty 
or  ninety  years  ago  a  Roman  Catholic  priest." 
As  you  have  inserted  MR.  REDMOND'S  rejoinder, 
please  give  a  corner  to  mine.  ABHBA. 

The  nobleman  who,  according  to  Debrett's 
Peerage,  "  entered  into  the  holy  orders  of  the 
Church  of  Rome,"  was  Richard,  seventh  Viscount 
Molyneux.  His  nephew,  Charles  William,  ninth 
Viscount  Molyneux,  was  advanced  to  the  dignity 
of  Earl  of  Sefton,  Nov.  30,  1771,  and  was,  I  be- 
lieve, great  grandfather  of  the  present  peer. 

E.  H.  A. 

PARISH  REGISTERS  :  TOMBSTONES  AND  THEIR 
INSCRIPTIONS  (3rd  S.  iv.  226.) — As  to  the  sugges- 
tion of  ANTIQUARIUS  that  copies  be  made  of  the 
inscriptions  in  city  and  village  churchyards,  it 
does  not  appear  how  such  could  be  made  avail- 
able for  inspection.  I  had  intended,  previously 
to  reading  the  suggestion  of  ANTIQUARIUS,  to  sug- 
gest to  "  N.  &  Q."  the  desirableness  of  copies  of  all 
parish  registers  of  marriages,  baptisms,  and  deaths 
being  made  up  to  the  date  of  the  Registration 
Act  of  1836,  since  which  time  registers  of  births, 
deaths,  and  marriages  have  been  kept  by  district 
registrars,  and  then  forwarded  quarterly  to  the 
General  Register  Office  at  Somerset  House.  If 
the  course  taken  for  the  publishing  of  the  Regis- 
ters of  the  private  chapel  at  Somerset  House 
were  adopted  for  the  registers  alluded  to,  the 
difficulty  would  be  at  once  surmounted,  and  thus 
would  be  formed  volumes  of  no  ordinary  interest 
and  value.  No  clergyman  would  suffer  any  loss 
in  fees,  I  believe,  as  a  certified  copy  of  any  regis- 
ter under  his  hand  would  still  be  required  by 
many  persons,  and  as  frequently  as  at  present. 

E. 

SALT  IN  BAPTISM  (3rd  S.  iv.  246.)— The  use  of 
salt  in  baptism  dates  from  a  very  early  period  in 
the  history  of  the  Christian  church.  It  has  been 
referred  by  some  to  Ezekiel,  xvi.  4  :  "  As  for  thy 
nativity,  in  the  day  thou  wast  born  thy  navel  was 
not  cut,  neither  wast  thou  washed  in  water  to 
supple  thee ;  thou  wast  not  salted  at  all,  nor 
swaddled  at  all."  Milk  and  honey  were  also 


318 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63. 


given  to  the  new  baptised,  as  typical  of  the  bless- 
ings of  the  heavenly  Canaan  into  which  they  were 
by  Baptism  admitted.  Others  derive  them  from 
Isaiah,  vii.  15 :  "  Butter  and  honey  shall  he  eat, 
that  he  may  know  how  to  refuse  the  evil  and 
choose  the  good."  Some  writers,  as  Robertson, 
Church  History,  vol.  i.  p.  319,  are  of  opinion  that 
the  use  of  salt  was  introduced  in  the  fourth  cen- 
tury. Honey  and  milk  were  familiar  symbols  to 
the  primitive  Church.  We  find  in  the  Apostolical 
Canons,  can.  2,  an  order  made  forbidding  these, 
among  other  things,  to  be  used  in  the  Holy 
Sacrament,  or  as  the  Canon  terms  it,  "  the  Sacri- 
fice at  the  Altar."  Cf.  SS.  Hieron.,  Cyril,  and 
the  ancient  Fathers,  passim,  for  the  mystical  sig- 
nificance of  honey  and  the  like  symbols. 

W.  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 

May  I  inform  MR.  MORRIS,  in  answer  to  his 
query,  that  salt  is  used  in  the  baptism  of  Turco- 
man children,  for  I  recollect  an  instance  of  this 
when  visiting  these  gipsy  woodcutters  in  Asia 
Minor.  The  father,  by-the-way,  was  Evrhaim, 
the  son  of  Kushuk  Mehmet  the  Bashi,  and  the 
wife  was  named  Fatimeh;  their  tents  that  year 
being  pitched  in  the  forests  of  Tchin-tcharr-lu- 
tchai. 

I  find  on  referring  to  my  diary  that  the  chil- 
dren are  baptised  long  before  circumcision,  and 
that  this  ordinance  is  performed  by  the  women 
dipping  the  child  two  or  three  times  in  a  skin  of 
salt  and  water,  the  name  being  pronounced  by 
the  mother,  and  written  down  by  the  scribe  of 
the  encampment. 

The  men  take  no  interest  in  the  ceremony,  ex- 
cept to  eat  during  its  performance  a  good  slice  of 
halvar,  or  honied  cake,  and  drink  copiously  of 
yoort,  or  thickened  milk.  The  custom,  they  say, 
they  brought  with  them  from  Central  Asia,  and 
is  common  with  many  besides  themselves;  though, 
on  inquiring  of  the  Bedouins  when  at  the  Dead 
Sea,  who  resemble  the  Turcomans  the  most  (the 
Mongolian  features  excepted),  I  could  learn  no- 
thing of  the  salt  and  water  practice  there. 

W.  EASSIE. 

High  Orchard  House,  Gloucester. 

P.S.  MR.  CAMPBELL  (3rd  S.  iv.  168)  should 
read  O'Brien's  History  of  the  Tuath-de-danaans, 
and  Villanueva's  Ibernia  Phcenicea ;  scarce  books 
I  understand,  but  which  I  shall  be  happy  to  lend 
him. 

RHYMES  TO  DICKENS  AND  THACKERAY  (3rd  S. 

iv.  207,  277.)— 

"  His  homely  characters,  our  great  Charles  Dickens 
Into  real  living  Household  inmates  quickens  — 
Subtle  as  snakes,  or  innocent  as  chickens. 

"  With  trenchant  wit,  our  William  Makepeace  Thacke- 
ray 

Heaps  caustic  truths  in  anything  but  slack  array, 
And  in  each  gibe,  of  genius  we  can  track  a  ray." 

J.  J.  B.  WOHKARD. 


BAAL  WORSHIP  (3rd  S.  iv.  168,  251.)— I  would 
refer  those  of  your  readers  who  are  interested  in 
this  subject  to  a  work  which  may  not  be  much 
known  to  the  generality  pf  them,  brought  out 
under  the  auspices  of  the  late  Lord  John  Scott, 
himself  a  contributor  to  your  columns.  The  author 
is  the  Rev.  A.  Hislop,  and  the  book  entitled  The 
Two  Babylons.  It  treats  very  fully  of  the  origin 
of  the  worship  of  Baal,  and  its  connection  with 
several  of  the  festivals  of  the  Roman  church. 

H.  W. 

"  To  KNOW  NO  MORE  THAN  THE  POPE  OF  ROME" 

(3rd  S.  iii.  470,  417;  iv.  217.)  — In  the  Oxford 
Jests,  1706,  p.  93,  I  find  another  form  of  this  ex- 
pression :  — 

"  A  simple  fellow  being  arraign'd  at  the  bar,  the  judge 
was  so  favourable  to  him  as  to  give  him  his  book,  and 
they  bid  him  read.  « Read !  truly,  my  lord,'  says  he, « I 
can  read  no  more  than  the  Pope  of  Koine.'  " 

W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 

•  JOHN  HEATH'S  SATIRICAL  EPIGRAMS  (2nd  S.  vii. 
515.)  —  In  the  Bodleian  Library,  Oxford,  press 
mark  "  Mason,  A.  A.  48,"  the  above  work,  "  written 
by  J.  H.,  Gent.,"  will  be  found.  See  Wood's 
Athence,  by  Bliss,  vol.  ii.  p.  169,  "  John  Heath." 

"  On  my  venture  in  Sir  Waiter  Rawleigh's  Voiage. 
"  I,  Being  perswaded  (not  by  reason  led), 
For  Gold  vnto  Gwyan  aduentured ; 
Great  were  our  hopes  of  good  successe,  for  none 
Expected  lesse  to  gaine  then  fiue  for  one ; 
But  following  fate  (she  fickle)  thither  led, 
Where  neyther  they  of  Gold  nor  Siluer  sped ; 
But  poore,  distrest,  homeward  return  againe, 
Mony,  Hues,  labour,  all  was  spent  in  vaine. 
The  hopefull  necke  of  their  designe  was  broke ; 
For  all  their  Gold  was  vanish't  into  smoke. 
Thus  I  lost  all ;  wherefore  it  is  a  signe, 
Tho'  found  no  mine  of  Gold  vet  gold  of  mine. 

J.  H." 

"  Censure  on  the  Voyage  to  Giuyana. 
"  Svndry  oppinions  abroad  are  spread, 
Why  the  Gwyanians  no  better  sped ; 
Some  say  they  were  preuented  out  of  Spayne ; 
Others,  because  some  did  returne  againe ; 
Some  say,  'twas  sicknesse ;  others  their  abode, 
So  long  ere  they  put  from  the  English  Rode ; 
Some  say  their  General's  absence ;  but  the  most 
Say  Captaine  Kemish  death,  when  he  was  lost 
All  was  ouerthrowne,  he  onely  was  to  doe  it, 
And  that  Sir  Walter  came  but  Rawly  to  it. 

J.  H." 

G.  J.  HAY. 

TYDIDES  (3rd  S.  iv.  129.)  —  Might  not  Tydides 
be  meant  for  Bishop  Warburton  ?  A  comparison 
of  the  head  on  the  table  with  the  bishop's  portrait 
would  probably  decide  the  point.  X.  X. 

CHIEF  BARON  EDWARD  WILLES:  JUDGE  ED- 
WARD WILLES  (3rd  S.  i.  487.)  —  I  do  not  find  that 
any  information  has  been  given  to  MR.  Foss  in 
reply  to  his  query,  as  to  the  identity  of  Edward 
Willes,  the  Chief  Baron  of  the  Irish  Exchequer, 


3rd  S.  IV.  OCT.  17,  ?63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


319 


and  Edward  Willes,  the  English  Judge.  Per- 
haps he  will  accept  the  following  as  an  instalment. 

In  Beatson's  Political  Index,  1788,  in  "A  List 
of  Lord  Chief  Barons  of  the  (Irish)  Exchequer, 
from  1714  to  1784,"  it  is  stated  that  Edward 
Willes,  Esq.,  was  appointed  Lord  Chief  Baron  in 
1757,  "  Vice  Bowes  made  Lord  Chancellor;"  and 
in  1766  is  the  following  entry;  "Anthony  Foster, 
Esq. ;  vice  Willes  made  Solicitor- General  in  Eng- 
land" In  another  part  of  the  same  work,  I  find 
the  date  of  his  appointment  as  Solicitor-General 
given  as  August,  1766.  His  successor  in  that 
office,  Jo.  Dunning,  Esq.,  received  his  appointment 
December  23,  1767  ;  and  in  the  same  month  and 
year  Willes  was  constituted  one  of  the  puisne 
justices  of  the  King's  Bench.  D.  M.  STEVENS. 

Guildford. 

MR.  SERJEANT  BIRCH,  CURSITOR  BARON  (3rd 
S.  i.  29.)  —  As  exactness  in  matters  of  detail  is 
and  should  be  a  prominent  characteristic  of 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  allow  me  to  point  out  that  Beatson, 
in  the  second  edition  of  his  Political  Index,  Lon- 
don, 1788,  says  that  Birch  took  the  degree  of 
Serjeant  on  the  8th  of  June,  1705,  and  became  a 
Cursitor  Baron  of  the  Exchequer  on  the  llth 
December,  1730 ;  while  MR.  Foss  places  the  for- 
mer event  in  1706,  and  the  latter  in  1729.  Which 
is  correct  ?  D.  M.  STEVENS. 

BEATTIE'S  "  POEMS"  (3rd  S.  i.  35,98.)— Your 
correspondent  J.  O.  appears  to  doubt  the  genuine- 
ness of  the  London  imprint  to  Beattie's  early 
poems  in  1760  ;  but  Sir  William  Forbes,  his  friend 
and  biographer,  distinctly  states  that  his  (Beattie's) 
first  appearance  in  print,  in  his  own  character, 
"was  by  the  publication  in  London,  in  the  year 
1760,  of  a  small  collection,  entitled  Original  Poems 
and  Translations,  to  which  he  prefixed  his  name, 
and  dedicated  it  to  the  Earl  of  Erroll." 

The  dedication,  which  is  not  mentioned  by 
either  of  your  correspondents,  taken  in  connection 
with  the  following  table  of  contents,  as  given  in 
the  second  edition  of  Sir  William  Forbes'  Life  of 
Beattie,  vol.  i.  p.  59,  should  serve  to  identify  the 
first  edition  of  the  poet's  works.  The  contents  of 
this  small  volume  were  — 
"  Ode  to  Peace. 

Retirement ;  an  Ode. 

Ode  to  Hope. 

The  Triumph  of  Melancholy. 

An  Elegy,  occasioned  by  the  Death  of  a  Lady. 

The  Hares ;  a  Fable, 

J  Epitaph. 

J  Epitaph  on  Two  Brothers. 

Elegy. 

J  Songs  in  Imitation  of  Shakespeare. 

%  Anacreon,  Ode  22,  translated. 

|  Invocation  to  Venus,  from  Lucretius,  translated. 

J  Horace,  Book  u.,  Ode  10,  translated. 

t  Horace,  Book  HI.,  Ode  13,  translated. 

J  The  Ten  Pastorals  of  Virgil,  translated." 

Those  pieces  marked  \  were  never  reprinted, 
and  the  "  Ode  to  Peace,"  as  well  as  the  "  Triumph 


of  Melancholy,"  were  omitted  from  his  later  edi- 
tions. D.  M.  STEVENS. 

GREEK  PHRASE  (3rd  S.  iv.  167,  240,  255.)  — 
The  word  referred  to  by  Jones,  and  Liddell  and 
Scott  in  Plutarch  is  avoff<p€v86inrrot.  It  occurs  in 
the  Greek  Questions  No.  11,  and  is  rendered  by 
Dr.  Chauncy,  "  they  that  were  repulsed  with 
sling  stones."  I  doubt  if  a.iroa-<pfv$ova,v  rd  xphf-a-Tz 
be  a  Greek  form  of  expression.  Gregory  Nazian- 
xen  has  the  form  atyfiftovy  TO.  6i\pla.  Diodorus  Sicu- 
lus  (i.  169,  194),  is  referred  to  for  airoo-^eSoraw  in 
Stephen's  Thesaurus  by  Valpy,  but  I  have  not 
been  able  to  verify  such  reference  in  my  edition 
(Tauchnitz,  1829).  A  like  instance  of  difficulty 
on  the  word  airea^evSovlffdiia-av  is  in  Schleusner's  re- 
ference to  "  4  Mace.  xvi.  21,"  instead  of  "  Josephus, 
Mace.  xvi. ; "  for  it  is  well  known  that  the  fourth 
book  of  Maccabees  does  not  exist  in  Greek.  It 
appears,  however,  that  this  work  of  Josephus  has 
been  added  to  two  editions  of  the  Septuagint 
(Bale,  1545,  and  Frankfort,  1597),  as  the  fourth 
book  of  Maccabees !  (Eichhorn,  Apoh.  Schrift. 
290.)  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

COAL  (3rd  S.  iv.  267.)  —  Before  the  introduc- 
tion of  mineral  coal,  wood  prepared  for  fuel  was 
termed  coal ;  hence  charcoal  =  charred  wood,  and 
probably  coal-harbour,  cole-harbour,  and  cold- 
harbour,  meaning  the  harbour  or  store-yard  of 
of  wood-coal.  King  Coal,  in  the  line  "C  was 
King  Coal,  of  Oxford  the  pride,"*  I  take  to  be  a 
relative  of,  if  not  identical  with,  "  Good  King  Cole 
a  merry  old  soul,"  and  not  the  mineral  coal,  which 
when  first  introduced  were  called  "  stones."  King 
Coal  may  have  been  the  fuel  merchant.  His 
name  is  of  the  same  origin  as  our  boats  called 
keels.  If  coal,  the  mineral,  exist  under  Oxford, 
it  will  be  at  such  a  great  depth  that  for  many 
generations  Dr.  Buckland's  successors  may  safely 
undertake  to  eat  the  first  lump  brought  up. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

DAGXIA  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  iv.  209,  257.)  —  John 
Dagnia,  of  South  Shields,  Gent.,  bought  an  estate 
at  Cleadon,  in  the  parish  of  Whitburn,  and  county 
of  Durham  in  the  last  century.  James,  son  of 
the  above,  purchased  the  shares  of  three  brothers. 
John,  Edward,  and  Onesiphorus,  and  two  sisters. 
Evan.  Deer  and  Sara  Dagnia  were  married  at 
Whitburn  Dec.  4, 1748.  (Sharp's  Chronicon  Mira- 
bile,  p.  29).  James  Dagnia,  Esq.,  of  Cleadon 
Hall,  a  celebrated  amateur  in  painting,  bought 
Wolsington,  near  Newcastle-on-Tyne,  of  the  Jen- 
nisons,  and  sold  it  to  the  ancestor  of  the  present 
possessor,  Matthew  Bell,  Esq.  I  find  in  the  New- 
castle poll-books,  1774-1780,  Edward  and  Onesi- 
phorus Dagnia  voting  as  skinners  and  glpvers ; 
and  John  Dagnia  of  Newcastle,  and  Wm.  Dagnia 
of  London,  voting  as  merchants.  E.  H.  A. 


*  Ceol  was  King  of  Wessex  (Bede,  A.D.  590),  and  not 
of  Mercia,  which  included  Oxford. 


320 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3«i 


OCT.  17,  '63. 


ROMAN  USES  (3rd  S.  iv.  129,  172.)— 4.  In  Bel- 
gium all  the  priests  who  belong  to  the  Malines 
diocese  may  be  recognised  by  wearing  blue  col- 
lars, instead  of  white.  They  are  usually,  I  believe, 
made  up  of  small  beads.  A  8. 


NOTES  OX  BOOKS,  ETC. 

The  Bibliographer's  Manual  of  English   Literature,   Sfc. 

By  William  Thomas  Lowndes.    New  Edition,  revised, 

corrected,  and  enlarged,  by  Henry  G.  Bohn.     Part  IX. 

(Bohn.) 

Whatever  may  be  the  shortcomings  of  Mr.  Bohn's 
new  edition  of  Lowndes — and  we  are  not  prepared  to  deny 
that  such  may  be  found  in  it  —  there  can  be  little  doubt 
that  it  is  not  only  an  enlargement  of,  but  an  improvement 
upon,  the  original  work.  We  are  glad,  therefore,  to  see 
it  rapidly  approaching  completion.  The  present  issue, 
being  Part  IX.,  extends  from  "  Simon's  Irish  Coins  "  to 
"  Utterson  " ;  and  includes  of  course  many  important 
articles,  the  most  prominent  being  that  on  "  The  New 
Testament,"  in  which  Mr.  Bohn  has  been  assisted  by 
Mr.  Henry  Stevens,  Mr.  George  Offor,  and  Mr.  Francis 
Fry  of  Bristol.  Another  Part,  which  will  complete  the 
work,  may,  we  understand,  be  expected  in  the  course  of 
three  or  four  months. 

The  Personalities  of  the  Foreet  of  Dean ;  being  a  Relation 

of  its  successive  Officials,  Gentry,  and  Commonalty,  §-c. 

By  the  Rev.  H.  XJ.  Nicholls,  M.A.,  Perpetual  Curate  of 

Holy  Trinity,  Dean  Forest.    (Murray.) 

Our  readers  may  remember  our  calling  their  attention, 
in  very  favourable  terms,  to  Mr.  Nicholl's  Historical  and 
Descriptive  Account  of  the  Forest  of  Dean.  To  that  local 
description  the  present  is  a  personal  supplement,  which 
gives  completeness  to  a  very  interesting  Monograph. 

The  Home  and  Foreign  Review.    No.  VI.     October. 

The  new  number  of  this  able  journal  contains  several 
articles  of  considerable  interest,  among  which  we  would 
particularly  notice  that  on  Dante  and  his  Commentators, 
which  almost  exhausts  the  subject ;  that  on  the  "  Me- 
diaeval Fables  of  the  Popes ;"  and  that  on  the  "  Forma- 
tion of  the  English  Counties,"  in  which  justice  is  done  to 
the  genius  and  acquirements  of  the  late  John  Mitchell 
Kerable.  The  "  Sketch  of  Contemporary  Literature,"  in 
which  notice  is  taken  of  no  less  than  sixty-three  books  of 
importance  recently  published,  is  far  from  the  least  valu- 
able feature  of  this  number  of  The  Home  and  Foreign 
Review. 

The.  Journal  of  Sacred  Literature  and  Biblical  Record. 

No.  VII.     New  Series. 

Like  the  periodical  we  have  just  noticed,  this  new 
number  of  The  Journal  of  Sacred  Literature  renders  good 
service  by  its  numerous  notices  of  new  publications.  The 
leading  articles  in  the  number  before  us  are :  "  On  Cur- 
rent Methods  of  Biblical  Criticism;"  "The  Gustavus 
Adolphus  Society ;"  "  The  Chronology,  Topography,  and 
Archaeology  of  the  Life  of  Christ;"  "The  Epistle  of  Bar- 
nabas ;"  "  Buddhism  ;"  "  Ethiopic  Liturgies  and  Hymns ;" 
"The  Bordeaux  Pilgrim  in  Palestine;"  and  "Renau's 
Life  of  Jesus."  These,  with  the  Correspondence  and 
Miscellanies,  form  a  valuable  and  varied  mass  of  Biblical 
information. 

LORD  LYNDHURST. — A  great  and  good  man  has  passed 
away  from  among  us.  Ripe  in  years,  rich  in  honours, 


and  universally  lamented — for  it  was  his  happiness  to 
have  outlived  all  political  animosity — LORD  LYNDHURST 
died !  on  Monday  last,  in  the  ninety-second  year  of  his 
age,  leaving  a  name  which  will  be  remembered  while  one 
page  of  England's  history  remains.  To  the  reputation  of 
a  profound  Lawyer  and  an  enlightened  Statesman,  which 
he  achieved  in  the  earlier  part  of  his  career,  he  added  in 
his  latter  days  that  of  a  true-hearted  Patriot ;  and  those 
who  remember  how,  when  fourscore  and  eight  years  had 
passed  over  his  head,  that  "  old  man  eloquent,"  with  all 
the  energy  of  youth  and  all  the  wisdom  of  age,  warned 
the  people  of  England  "  not  to  consent  to  live  in  de- 
pendence on  the  friendship  and  forbearance  of  any 
country,  but  to  rely  solely  on  their  own  vigour,  their 
own  exertions,  and  their  own  intelligence,"  will  probably 
agree  with  us  in  regarding  the  two  emphatic  words  — 
words  of  solemn  and  most  significant  import  — "  VJK 
VICTIS  ! "  with  which  he  wound  up  that  wonderful  ora- 
tion, as  the  true  war-cry  which  called  into  existence  our 
thousands  of  Volunteers.  One  word  more.  Brilliant  as 
was  LORD  LYNDHURST'S  intellect,  his  large-heartedness 
was  quite  as  striking.  We  have  received  at  his  hands 
great  and  unsolicited  kindnesses ;  and  his  honoured  name 
can  never  be  mentioned  by  us  but  with  feelings  of  grati- 
tude and  affection.  Peace  to  His  Memory ! 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  SEC.  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentleman  by  whom  they  are  required,  whose  name  and  address 
are  given  for  that  purpose :  — 

SPENSER'S  FAERIE  QCBEN.  &c.    5  Vols.    (Aldine  Poets.) 
LONDON  UNIVERSITY   CALENDAR  for  the  years  1852—1857.    (Both  inclu- 
sive.) 

MAGAZINE.    3  Vols.  1856-9. 

N.  S.  Nos.  1—5. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Wynne  E.  Baxter,  Campbell  Road,  Thornton 
Heath,  S. 


Owing  to  the  great  number  of  short  Replies  waiting  for  insertion,  we 
have  been  compelled  topostpone  many  Papers  of  great  interest  whicii  are 
in  type.  Among  others,  articles  on  The  Postal  System,  Bishop  Gun- 
dulf  and  his  Architecture,  Bed  Gown  and  Night  Dress,  the  Devil,  Sir 
Kobert  Honywood,  Jack  Presbyter,  Don  Quixote,  Bishop's  Robes,  &c. 

C.  K.  There  is  no  charge  for  tlte  insertion  either  of  Queries  or  of 
Books  Wanted. 

4(5.  wiU  find  in  our  1st  S.  iv.  491,  theprobable  suggestion,  that  the  say- 
ina  — 

"  Cleanliness  is  next  to  godliness, 

arose  from  the  well-known  passage  in  the  Epistle  to  the  Hebrews  (eft.  x.  22), 
in  which  a  pure  conscience  —  a  necessary  condition  to  godliness  —  is  imme- 
diately followed  by  an  injunction  to  cleanliness. 

S.  NEIL.  Consult  Gifford's  Introduction  to  Massinger's  Plays,  edit. 
1813:  also  Collins's  Peerage,  by  Brydges;  Eurke't  Extinct  Peerage,  and 
Burke'  s  Extinct  Baronetage,  1811. 

JOHN  WOODWARD.  The  bishopric  of  Osnabrilck  was  secularised  in 
1  802,  when  it  was  made  over  to  Hanover  as  a  hereditary  temporal  princi- 
pality. See  our  1st  S.  ii.  417,  484,  500. 

H.  S.  G.  The  name  of  John  Worrall  of  Pembroke  College,  1724,  does 
not  occur  in  the  list  of  Graduates  either  of  Cambridge  or  Oxford.  There 
was  a  John  TParreM  of  Magdalen  College,  Cambridge,  A  .£.  1  730- 

S.  Y.  B.  From  the  Parliamentary  History,  viii.  837,  it  appears  that 
George  Heathcote  was  M.P.  for  Hindon.  Between  the  years  1731  and 
1745  he  was  in  parliament,  according  to  the  same  work. 

R.  F.  Henry  Baker's  letter  on  the  Earthquake  of  Feb.  13,  1719—50, 
will  be  found  in  Dr.  Doddridge's  Diary  and  Correspondence,  v.  119,  edit. 
1829—31. 

"  NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  Us.  4<t,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  o/  MESSRS.  BELL  AND  DALDY,  186,  FLEET  STREET,  E.C.,  to  whom 
all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


Full  benefit  of  reduced  duty  obtained  by  purchasing  Horniman's  Pure 
Tea;  very  choice  at  3s.  4d.  and  4s.  "  High  Standard  "  at  Is.  4d.  (for- 
merly 4g.  8d.),  is  the  strongest  and  most  delicious  imported.  Agents  in 
every  town  «upply  it  in  Packets. 


3'd  S.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

TTTESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

TT      AMD  METROPOLITAN  COUNTIES  LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIEF  OFFICES  :  3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 

James  Hunt,  Esq. 

John  Leigh,  Esq. 

Edra.  Lucas,  Esq. 

F.  B.  Marson,  Esq. 

E.  VansittartNeale,  Esq.,M.A. 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Jas.  Lys  Seager,  Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White,  Esq. 


H.  E.  Bicknell,  Esq. 

T.Somers  Cock§,Esq.,M.A.,J.P. 

Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,  M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 

Henry  Wilbraham.Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary — Arthur  Soratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MEDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOR  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14s. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


Year 

Fire  Premiums 

Life  Premiums 

Invested  Funds 

1851 
1856 
1861 
1862 

£ 
54,305 

222,279 
360,130 
436,065 

I 
27,157 

72,781 
135,974 
138,703 

t 
502,824 
821,061 
1,311,905 
1,417,808 

The  Fire  Duty  paid  by  this  Company  in  England  in  1862  was  71  ,234?. 
SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 
.JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 

Fire  Policies  falling  due  at  Michaelmas  should  be  renewed  by  the  14th 
October. 

N01 

Inc( 

RTH  BRITI 

INSUR 

Esta 
rporated  by  Royal  Cl 
Accumulated  and  Inv 

SH  AND  MERCANTILE 

ANCE  COMPANY. 
jlished  1809. 
tarter  and  Special  Acts  of  Parliament, 
ested  Funds  42  122  8i8 

..     titiua 

OSTEO      EXDOXT. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

/GABRIEL'S     SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD  ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street.Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "  Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth.' '    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 


JC.  and  J.  FIELD,  Original  Manufacturers  (in 
•  England)  of  PARAFFINE  CANDLES,  to  whom  the  prize 
medal  (1862)  has  been  awarded,  and  their  Candles  adopted  by  her 
Majesty's  Government  for  use  at  the  Military  Stations  abroad.  These 
Candles  can  be  obtained  of  all  Chandlers  and  Grocers,  in  the  United 
Kingdom.  Price  Is.  Sd.  perlb.  Also  Field's  celebrated  United  Service 
Soap  Tablets,  6d.  and  4d  each.  The  Public  are  cautioned  to  see  that 
Field's  label  is  on  the  packets  or  boxes.  Wholesale  only,  and  for 
Exportation,  Upper  Marsh,  Lambeth,  London,  S. 


PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 
MAGNOLIA,    WHITE    ROSE,    FRANGIPANNI,   GERA- 
NIUM, PATCHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  NEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1,000  others.    2s.  6d.  each — 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 


TTOLLOWAY'S    OINTMENT    AND   PILLS.— 

JL-L  Indisputable  remedies  for  bad  legs,  old  wounds,  sores,  and  ulcers, 
if  used  according  to  directions  given  with  them;  there  is  no  wound, 
bad  leg,  ulcerous  sore,  or  bad  breasts,  however  obstinate  or  long  stand- 
ing, but  will  yield  to  their  healing  and  curative  properties.  Numbers 
of  persons  who  have  been  patients  in.  several  of  the  large  hospitals,  and 
under  the  care  of  eminent  surgeons,  without  deriving  the  slightest 
benefit,  have  been  thoroughly  cured  by  Holloway 's  Ointment  and  Pills. 
For  glandular  swellings,  tumours,  scurvy,  and  diseases  of  the  skin, 
there  is  no  medicine  that  can  be  used  with  so  good  an  effect.  In  fact, 
in  the  worst  forms  of  disease,  dependent  upon  the  condition  of  the 
blood,  these  medicines  are  irresistible. 


HE    LIVERPOOL     AND    LONDON 

FIRE  AND  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  in  1836. 

OFFICES:  — 1,  Dale  Street,  Liverpool!  20  and  21,  Poultry, 
London,  E.G. 

PROGRESS  OF  THE  COMPANY  SINCE  1850. 


LONDON  BOARD. 

JOHN  WHITE  CATER,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  MORRISON,  Esq.,  Deputy-Chairman. 

A,  De  Arroyave,  Esq.  I  John  Mollett,  Esq. 

Edward  Cohen,  Esq.  |  Junius  S.  Morgan,  Esq. 

James  Du  Buisson,  Esq.  I  G.  Garden  Nicol,  Esq. 

P.  Du  PriS  Grenfell,  Esq.  John  H.  Wm.  Schroder,  Esq. 

A.  Klockmann,  Esq.  I  George  Young,  Esq. 

Ex-DlflECTORS. 

A.  H.  Campbell,  Esq.  I  P.  P.  Ralli,  Esq. 

P.  C.  Cavan,  Esq.  Robert  Smith,  Esq. 

Frederic  Somes,  Esq. 

Manager  of  Fire  Department— George  H.  Whyting. 
Superintendent  of  Foreign  Department — G.  H.  Burnett. 

Secretary — F.  W.  Lance. 
General  Manager— David  Smith. 

FIRE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  Company  grants  Insurances  against  Fire  in  the  United  King- 
dom, and  all  Foreign  Countries. 

Mercantile  risks  in  the  Port  of  London  accepted  at  reduced  rates. 
Losses  promptly  and  liberally  settled. 

Foreign  Bisks.  — The  Directors  having  a  practical  knowledge  of 
Foreign  Countries  are  prepared  to  issue  Policies  on  the  most  favour- 
able terms.  In  all  cases  a  discount  will  be  allowed  to  Merchants  and 
others  effecting  such  insurances. 

LIFE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  following  Statement  exhibits  the  improvement  effected  during 
the  last  few  years :  — 

No.  of  Policies         Sums.  Premiums, 

issued.  f.  £•     *•  d. 

1858  ....  455        ....        377,425        12,565  18    8 

1859  605        ....        449,913        ....        14,070    1    6 

1860  741        ....        475,649        ....        14,071  17    7 

1861  785        ....        527,626        ....        16,553    2    9 

1862  ....         1,037        ....        768,334        ....        23,641    0    0 
Thus  in  five  years  the  number  of  Policies  issued  was  3,623,  assuring 

the  large  sum  of  2,928,947i. 

The  leading  features  of  the  Office  are  :- 

1.  Entire  Security  to  Assurers. 

2.  The  large  Bonus  Additions  already  declared,  and  the  prospect  of  a 
further  Bonus  at  the  next  investigation. 

3.  The  advantages  afforded  by  the  varied  Tables  of  Premiums— unre- 
stricted conditions  of  Policies— and  general  liberality  m  dealing  with 

Forms  of  Proposal  and  every  information  will  be  furnished  on  appli- 

""Head Offices:  LONDON ^g^BSiSSS.. 

EDINBUBOH 64,  Princes  Street. 

WEST-END  OFFICE  :  8,  WATERLOO-PLACE,  Pall  Mall. 

Now  ready,  18mo,  coloured  wrapper,  Post  Free,  6d. 

N    GOUT    AND    RHEUMATISM.     A  new 

work, by  DR.  LAV1LLE  of  the  Faculty  of  Medicine,Paris, ex- 
hibiting a  perfectly  new,  certain,  and  safe  method  of  cure.    Translated 
by  an  English  Practitioner. 
London:  FRAS.  NEWBERY  &  SONS, 45,  St.  Paul'i  Church  Yard. 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


S.  IV.  OCT.  17,  '63. 


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321 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  24,  186* 


CONTENTS.— NO.  95. 

NOTES :  —  Bishop  Gundulf  and  his  Architecture,  321  —  Sir 
Robert  Honywood,  322  —  Giovanni  Pico,  Prince  of  Miran- 
dola,  323. 

MINOR  NOTES  : —  Mrs.  Hemans  and  her  Brother  —  Names 
of  Serials— Custom  at  Ripon  — The  Birthplace  of  Wil- 
liam Mulready,  R.A.  —  Alexander  the  Great:  Swift  in  the 
Nursery  —  Wife  Sale,  323. 

QUERIES:  —  Alfeknight  —  Anonymous  —  Arms;—  Bell 
Motto  Wanted  —  Boucher  and  Bowden :  St.  Dunstan's 
Clock  —  Candles  —  Edward  Walton  Chapman  —  The  Rev. 
Thomas  Craig— Families  of  Trepsack  and  Forster  —  James 
Fordyce —  John  Freer  —  "  London  and  Literary  Museum  " 

—  London  Chapels  —  Lynn  Regis ! —  "  Mitch  ke  ditch  "  — 
Oglesby  —  "The  Periodical  Press  "  —  Quotation — Scalding 
Thursday  —  Taliesin  Williams  (ah    lolo)  —  Tile  Barn  — 
"  Tudor,  a  Prince  of  Wales  "  —  Sir  John  Wenlock  :  Lord 
Wenlock  — Anthony  Young,  325. 

QUEKIES  WITH  ANSWERS:— Chancellor  Livingston— Sir 
Robert  Howard,  K.B.  — Treacle  Bible  —  "  The  History  of 
of  Miss  Clarinda  Cathcart  and  Miss  Fanny  Renton  — 
The  Right  Hon.  George  Smith  —  Pimlico,  327. 

REPLIES  :  —  The  Devil,  828  —  Sir  Francis  Drake,  330  —  St . 
Anthony  of  Padua  preaching  to  the  Fishes,  331  —  Bed-gown 
and  Night-dress,  332  —  Quaint  Surnames,  333  —  Don 
Quixote,  Ib.  —  Edward  Harley,  2nd  Earl  of  Oxford  —  "  God 
save  the  King"  in  Church  —  Innocente  Coate  —  Terrier — 
Sketching  Club  or  Society —  Executions  for  Murder  —  Ber- 
nard Gates,  Tuner  of  the  Regals  —  St.  Luke,  the  Patron  of 
Painters — Arms  of  Milan — TJm-Elia:  Amelia  —  Robert 
Davenport  —  Third  Buffs  —  The  Rev.  Peter  Thompson  — 
Riddle  —  Mrs.  Cokain  of  Ashburne  —  Party  —  Major  Rud- 
yerd  —  Sir  Bernard  de  Gomme — "Philomathic  Journal" 

—  Zincography  —  Greek  Phrase,  &c.,  334. 


BISHOP  GUNDULF  AND   HIS  ARCHITECTURE. 

In  the  current  number  of  the  Gentleman's 
Magazine  (p.  448),  in  the  account  of  the  meeting 
of  the  Archaeological  Institute  at  Rochester,  Pro- 
fessor Willis  is  reported  to  have  said  that  Gundulf 
erected  the  western  portion  of  the  crypt,  and 
perhaps  the  lateral  tower,  "  but  certainly  not 
another  stone  "  of  the  cathedral.  It  is  with  the 
greatest  diffidence  one  ventures  even  to  offer  a 
remark  on  the  expressed  opinions  of  so  learned 
and  careful  an  antiquary,  but  the  testimonies  of 
the  monastic  writers,  though  few,  are  strong  to 
the  contrary. 

The  first  to  which  I  allude  is  that  of  the  anony- 
mous author  of  the  good  Bishop's  life,  which  is 
printed  in  Wharton's  Anglia  Sacra,  vol.  ii.  p.  273, 
&c.  Whoever  the  writer  was,  and  however  warmly, 
perhaps  partially,  he  reverenced  the  memory  of 
the  subject  of  his  biography,  he  seems  to  have 
compiled  it  with  the  utmost  care  as  to  facts.  He 
assures  us  in  his  "  prologus  "  he  relates  nothing 
as  to  the  Bishop  in  which  he  was  not  one  of  the 
parties  present,  or  which  he  djd  not  receive 
from  credible  eye-witnesses.  He  tells  us  the  cir- 
cumstances of  Gundulfs  succession  to  the  see, 
mainly  through  the  exertions  of  Lanfrauc,  and 
the  state  in  which  he  found  it ;  and  then  goes  on 
to  relate  that,  first  he  claimed  and  obtained  many 


of  the  old  possessions  of  the  bishopric ;  then,  that 
he  began  to  collect  together  a  body  of  monks,  and 
to  reform  the  statutes ;  and  then  he  says  :  — 

"  A  new  church,  the  old  one  being  destroyed,  is  begun, 
a  circle  of  offices  {ambitus  officinal-urn)  are  conveniently 
arranged,  the  whole  work  within  a  few  years  is  completed 
(perficitur),  Lanfranc  privately  contributing  (subminia- 
trante)  much  money." 

Our  author  then  goes  on  to  relate  how  "  all 
things  being  finished"  (igitur  perfectis  omnibus) 
Gundulf  kept  on  increasing  the  number  of  the 
monks,  and  how  well,  how  steadily,  and  how  kindly 
he  presided  over  them. 

The  other  authority  is  that  of  the  celebrated 
Textus  Roffensis  (p.  143  of  Hearne's  edition, 
1720).  Here  the  account  of  Gundulfs  elevation 
to  the  see  is  given  much  as  before  ;  and  then  the 
author  tells  us :  — 

"  He  built  the  church  of  Saint  Andrew,  almost  destroyed 
by  old  age,  new  entirely,  as  at  this  day  it  appears" 
(Ecclesiam  Sancti  Andrese,  pene  vetustate  dirutam,  no- 
vam  ex  integro  ut  hodie  apparet,  sedificavit),  "  and  he 
constructed  all  the  offices  necessary  for  the  monks,  as 
well  as  the  capacity  of  the  site  would  permit." 

Thus  we  have  two  direct  testimonies ;  one  from 
a  contemporary  who  knew  the  bishop  personally, 
the  other  from  a  MS.  of  the  highest  estimation, 
which  (even  taking  the  lowest  date  assigned  to  it) 
would  not  be  very  long  after  his  time,  and  these 
agree  that  Gundulf  did  build,  and  that  he  did  com- 
plete the  cathedral  at  Rochester  and  the  monastic 
buildings  necessary  thereto. 

Nevertheless,  few  architects  who  have  studied 
the  early  works  of  the  Normans  would  deny, 
that,  in  the  words  of  the  discerning  Professor, 
"  The  work  is  of  a  more  refined  and  advanced 
character  than  his  (Gundulfs)  times  would  pre- 
sent, and  therefore  it  must  be  assigned  to  a  period 
in  the  reign  of  Henry  I.,  after  the  death  of  the 
prelate."  We  are  so  accustomed  to  connect  the 
name  of  Gundulf  with  the  Tower  of  London  and 
the  Conqueror,  that  we  are  led  to  fancy  all  his 
buildings  must  be  early  Norman.  We  know 
there  was  another  bishop  between  him  and  Ernulf, 
and  therefore  it  is  also  natural  to  believe  there 
must  have  been  considerable  difference  in  the 
styles  of  their  architecture.  But  we  forget  his  was 
comparatively  a  late  consecration,  1077,  "  eleven 
years  after  the  coming  of  the  Normans  into  Eng- 
land under  Count  William,"  as  his  biographer 
says ;  and  that  he  held  the  bishopric  till  1 107,  nearly 
the  third  of  a  century.  Radulf  was  translated  to 
Canterbury  in  1114,  and  Ernulf  elected  in  1115, 
so  that  there  are  only  eight  years  between  Gun- 
dulf and  Ernulf.  In  fact,  the  former  lived  seven 
years  under  the  reign  of  Henry  I. 

That  the  work  differs  from  what  we  generally 
judge  to  be  early  Norman  there  can  be  no  doubt ; 
but  does  this  necessarily  prove  it  to  be  that  ot 
Ernulf?  It  seems  impossible  to  conceive  that  two 


322 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3^  S.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63. 


chroniclers  of  the  first  class;  one,  at  least,  living  at 
the  very  time  such  work  was  carried  on ;  the  other 
very  shortly  after,  should  make  such  clear  straight- 
forward statements  if  they  were  not  true ;  and 
that  as  to  the  buildings  which  must  have  been  as 
familiar  to  them  as  Westminster  Hall  is  to  our 
lawyers.  May  not  the  difficulty  be  solved  thus  ? — 
Either  the  work  in  the  nave  was  planned  and 
executed  late  in  Gundulf's  life,  when  in  fact  he 
was  within  the  reign  of  Henry  I. ;  or  he  was  in 
advance  of  his  age,  and  his  design  then  would 
hold  the  same  reference  to  Norman  as  those  at 
Lincoln  do  to  the  Early  English  and  the  Deco- 
rated ;  or  as  those  at  Gloucester  do  to  the  Per- 
pendicular. We  must  remember  styles  of  archi- 
tecture do  not  spring  into  fashion  all  at  once, 
like  the  airs  of  a  new  opera,  or  the  pattern  of  a 
new  dress.  They  have  all  been  of  slow  growth ; 
like  forest  trees  rather  than  fungi. 

Is  it  not  possible  then,  that  there  may  be  truth 
in  both,  namely,  that  the  nave  of  Rochester  may 
have  been  comparatively  a  late  work  of  Gundulf, 
and  also  far  in  point  of  style  before  any  other  of 
the  same  period  ?  He  had  much  to  do  before  he 
could  recover  the  revenues  of  his  impoverished 
see,  and  get  his  monks  together.  Then  he  had  to 
build  the  church  (possibly  very  slowly),  as  money 
came  in;  the  crypt  first,  then,  according  to  the 
practice  of  mediseval  times,  the  choir  over  it,  and 
in  all  probability  the  nave  last  of  all.  All  these 
works  must  necessarily  have  occupied  much  of 
the  time  between  his  consecration  and  the  suc- 
cession of  Ernulf. 

As  to  his  ability  in  the  arts  of  design,  the 
Textus  Rqffensis  (p.  146)  describes  him  as  "  in 
opere  csementarii  plurimum  sciens  et  efficax," 
which  one  of  our  day  would  translate  as  "  an 
architect  of  first  rate  ability,  both  theoretically 
and  practically."  It  seems  to  be  conceded  that 
he  was  the  architect,  or  to  have  been  concerned 
more  or  less  in  building,  not  only  this  cathedral, 
but  also  the  Abbey  at  Mailing,  the  Castle  at 
Rochester  (of  which  more  anon,  if  I  do  not  intrude 
too  much  upon  your  space),  and  of  higher  renown 
than  all,  the  Tower  of  London.  Is  it  not  reason- 
able to  suppose  the  designs  of  such  a  man  were 
before  his  age  ?  Are  we  to  take  certain  examples, 
and  average  them  down  to  a  year  or  two,  and 
deny  to  an  architect  the  merit  of  his  own  work, 
or  doubt  the  truth  of  a  narration  of  facts,  which 
the  chronicler  must  have  seen  with  his  own  eyes, 
because  it  does  not  fit  our  scale  of  dates  ? 

There  is  another  reason  to  believe  that  Gun- 
dulf finished  the  cathedral,  besides  the  plain 
words  of  the  chroniclers,  and  that  is,  that  Edmund 
de  Hadenham,  who  carefully  records  all  benefac- 
tions to  the  undertaking  (Ang.  Sacr.  i.  362),  has 
given  a  list  of  those  things  presented  by  Radulf, 
the  successor  to  Gundulf,  and  the  predecessor  of 
Ernulf.  These  gifts  are  all  chasubles,  stoles,  albs, 


precious  stones,  shrines,  illuminated  books,  and 
such  things  as  might  be  expected  to  be  wanted  in 
a  new  church,  but  not  a  word  of  any  expense  in 
building.  Of  Ernulf,  who  had  the  see  from  1115 
to  1123,  he  records  that  he  built  the  dormitory, 
chapter-house,  and  refectory.  Of  these  there  are 
sufficient  remains  to  lead  one  to  suppose  that  he 
may  also  have  lengthened  the  nave  one  bay,  and 
erected  the  gorgeous  west  front.  But  all  this  is 
beside  the  question  we  started  with,  which  is  — 
did  Gundulf  erect  the  crypt  and  the  tower,  "  but 
certainly  not  another  stone,"  or  did  he  build  the 
nave,  or  the  greater  part  of  it  ?  If  he  did  not, 
the  monks  must  have  been  without  a  church  for 
nearly  forty  years,  except  one  "  pene  vetustate 
dirutam,"  and  Radulf  would  have  done  more 
wisely  during  his  seven  years'  episcopate  to  have 
laid  out  his  money  in  building  than  in  jewelled 
vestments  and  gorgeous  service-books.  It  seems 
also  incredible  that  Edmund  de  Hadenham,  when 
treating  of  Ernulfs  buildings,  should  enumerate 
the  offices  and  quite  forget  the  church.  I  hope 
for  a  reply  from  abler  pens  than  mine :  and  then 
if  you  will  permit  me  to  offer  a  few  remarks  of 
the  same  nature  as  to  Rochester  Castle,  the  archi- 
tectural merits  of  this  good  bishop  may  be  further 
elucidated.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 


SIR  ROBERT  HONYWOOD. 

He  was  eldest  surviving  son  of  Sir  Robert 
Honywood  of  Pett,  in  the  parish  of  Charing,  Kent, 
by  Alice,  daughter  of  Sir  Martin  Barnham  of  Hol- 
lingbourne,  in  that  county ;  and  was  born  at  the 
latter  place,  August  3,  1601. 

On  June  15,  1625,  he  received  the  honour  of 
knighthood.  •  Subsequently,  he  served  abroad  for 
many  years  in  the  wars  of  the  Palatinate,  having 
the  rank  of  Colonel,  and  being  steward  to  the 
Queen  of  Bohemia ;  who  in  her  letters  occa- 
sionally refers  to  him  by  the  familiar  appellation 
of  Sir  Robin.  On  July  3,  1646,  the  parliament 
granted  a  pass  for  him  to  transport  himself  into 
Holland,  with  his  lady,  two  daughters,  three  maids, 
four  men  servants,  all  their  necessary  baggage, 
and  eight  horses  for  his  own  use. 

It  is  said  that  he  was  returned  for  Romney  to 
the  Parliament  which  met  Jan.  27,  1658-9 ;  but 
this  must  be  an  error,  as,  on  May  16,  1659,  he 
was  appointed  one  of  the  Council  of  State  as  one 
of  the  members  of  that  body  who  had  not  seats 
in  Parliament.  In  March,  1659-60,  he,  Algernon 
Sidney,  and  Thomas  Boone,  were  dispatched  by 
the  Parliament  on  an  embassy  to  the  King  of 
Sweden.  Boone  returned  before  the  Restoration, 
and  Sidney  and  Honywood  were  recalled  by  a 
royal  proclamation,  to  which  the  latter  paid  due 
obedience ;  and  he  caused  to  be  delivered  up  at 
Whitehall,  on  August  31,  1660,  all  his  majesty's 


3rd  S.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


323 


plate  and  household  stuff.  In  December  follow- 
ing, the  Parliament  made  order  for  payment  of 
2200Z.,  the  amount  of  bills  of  exchange  drawn  by 
the  ambassadors  for  their  allowance,  and  for 
mourning  at  the  King  of  Sweden's  death. 

In  1673  appeared  his  translation  of  The  History 
of  the  Affairs  of  Europe,  but  more  particularly  of 
the  Republic  of  Venice,  written  in  Italian  by  Bat- 
tista  Nani  (London,  folio).  In  the  dedication  to 
his  brother-in-law,  Sir  Walter  Vane,  Knight, 
Colonel  of  his  Majesty's  Holland  regiment,  he 
states  that  he  began  this  translation  in  the  circum- 
stances of  an  uncomfortable  old  age  and  ruined 
fortune,  brought  on  him  rather  by  public  cala- 
mity than  private  vice  or  prodigality;  and  he 
undertook  it  to  divert  the  melancholy  hours 
arising  from  the  consideration  of  either. 

His  death  occurred  April  15,  1686,  in  the 
eighty-fifth  year  of  his  age,  and  he  was  buried  at 
Charing  ;  where  is  a  monument,  with  an  inscrip- 
tion, commemorating  him  and  Frances  his  wife, 
who  died  Feb.  17,  1687-8,  in  the  seventy-fourth 
year  of  her  age. 

By  this  lady,  who  was  daughter  of  Sir  Henry 
Vane,  Secretary  of  State  to  Charles  I.,  he  had 
Robert  his  heir,  eight  other  sons,  and  seven 
daughters.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 


GIOVANNI  PICO,  PRINCE  OF  MIRANDOLA.* 

Most  biographies  tell  us  wonderful  things  of 
this  "  phoenix  of  genius  "  —  a  term  by  which  he 
was  generally  known  in  the  fifteenth  century.  It 
is  said,  "  that  he  had  a  most  extraordinary  me- 
mory ;  that  he  was  acquainted  with  two-and- 
twenty  languages ;  that  he  was  skilled  in  almost 
every  branch  of  learning — viz.  philosophy,  law, 
philology,  poetry,  astrology,  and  general  litera- 
ture," &c. 

But,  in  perusing  the  History  of  Girolamo  Savo- 
narola and  his  Times,^  I  met  with  the  following 
passage,  which  has  considerably  lessened  my  opi- 
nion of  this  "  phosnix  of  genius."  I  believe  it  to 
be  a  correct  judgment  of  his  real  worth,  as  a  lite- 
rary prodigy.  Perhaps  you  may  consider  the  ex- 
tract deserving  a  corner  in  "  N.  &  Q. : "  — 

"  Not  only  in  languages  but  in  science  also,  he  aspired  to 
universal  knowledge,  and  expected  to  be  able  to  master  the 
omne  scibile  of  his  time.  So  great  were  the  praises  he  re- 
ceived on  all  hands,  and  so  high  an  opinion  had  he  formed 
of  himself  that,  on  going  to  Rome,  he  announced  that  he 
was  ready  to  respond  publicly  to  nine  hundred  proposi- 
tions, which  he  pretended  contained  the  whole  science  of 
his  time ;  and  he  sent  invitations,  in  his  name,  to  the 


*  He  was  uncle  of  the  Francesco  Pico  della  Mirandola, 
•who  wrote  a  Life  of  Savonarola. 

t  By  Professor  Villari  of  the  University  of  Pisa.  It 
has  lately  been  translated  into  English  by  Leonard  Hor- 
ner,  F.R.S.  (2  vols.  Longman  &  Co.) 


learned,  promising  to  those  who  stood  in  need  of  such 
assistance,  to  defray  the  expenses  of  their  journey. 

"  These  propositions  were,  after  all,  very  insignificant, 
and  substantially  contained  nothing  of  any  importance. 
Some  of  them,  however,  related  to  judicial  astrology,  and 
were'at  once  all  condemned  by  the  Pope.  The  whole  chal- 
lenge fell  to  the  ground.  Pico  without  delay  wrote  an 
apology,  and  tendered  his  submission  to  the  Roman  court 
.  .  .  .  Posterity  has  treated  him  somewhat  hardly,  for 
his  name  gradually  sank  into  oblivion.  It  must,  however, 
be  confessed  that  his  learning  was  not  very  profound, 
and  that  he  was  far  inferior  in  erudition  to  Politian,  and  in 
philosophy  to  Ficino.  Of  the  two-and-twenty  languages 
that  he  made  a  boast  of  knowing,  so  little  was  he  in 
reality  conversant  with  them,  that  a  Jew  was  able  to  sell 
him  sixty  separate  manuscripts  as  having  been  written 
by  the  command  of  Esdras,  while  the  whole  sixty  formed 
together  one  work  —  the  Cabbala ;  of  some  others  he  only 
knew  the  alphabet.  He  wrote  Italian  without  elegance, 
and  his  literary  judgment  was  so  little  to  be  relied  upon, 
that  he  was  one  of  those  who  preferred  the  poetry  of 
Lorenzo  de'  Medici  to  that  of  Petrarch  and  Dante."  (Vol. 
i.  p.  81-2.) 

One  great  merit,  however,  Pico  possessed — viz. 
that  he  was  the  first,  in  his  age,  who  applied  to 
the  study  of  the  Oriental  languages,  which  before 
his  time  attracted  little  or  no  attention  from 
European  scholars.  His  works  consist  of  two 
la~ge  folio  volumes,  which  are  now  almost  worth- 
less. (See  Miscellaneous  Essays  by  the  Rev.  \V. 
Pair  Greswell,  Manchester,  1805.) 

J.  DALTOK. 

Norwich. 


MBS.  HEMANS  AND  HER  BROTHER.  —  MR.  JOHN 
PAVIN  PHILLIPS'S  Note  on  Mrs.  Hemans's  For- 
geries (3rd  S.  iv.  261)  has  reminded  me  of  an  in- 
cident which  I  well  remember  to  have  heard  my 
father  relate  many  years  ago,  as  having  occurred 
during  a  visit  he  paid  to  Canada  in,  I  believe,  the 
year  1819 ;  and  which,  from  its  connection  with 
the  family  of  that  gifted  poetess,  may  perhaps  be 
deemed  worth  preserving  in  "  N.  &  Q."  A  num- 
ber of  gentlemen,  mostly  strangers  to  each  other, 
•were  seated  over  their  wine  after  dinner  at  the 
hotel,  in  Montreal — one  being  my  father,  and 
another  a  military  officer  named  Browne.  In  a 
spirit  of  fun  it  was  suggested,  and  at  once  agreed 
to,  that  every  one  present  should  write  impromptu 
some  lines  of  poetry ;  and  that  the  writer  of  the 
worst  should  pay  the  dinner  bill. 

As  might  be  expected,  considerable  mirth  was 
created  by  the  badness  of  several  of  these  effu- 
sions;  and  eventually,  amid  much  laughter,  it 
was  agreed  that  the  lines  signed  "  Browne"  were 
decidedly  the  worst. 

In  this  verdict  the  writer,  with  the  greatest 
good  humour,  fully  acquiesced,  saying  (what  was 
before,  of  course,  quite  unknown  to  his  com- 
panions,) that  "  he  was  a  brother  of  Mrs.  Hemans, 


324 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63. 


and  that  it  could  not  be  expected  there  should  be 
two  poets  in  one  family ! " 

This  was  of  course,  Claude  Scott  Browne,  one 
year  younger  than  his  sister;  who,  as  we  learn 
from  the  Memoir  of  Mrs.  Hemans  prefixed  to  her 
Works  (1839,  vol.  i.  p.  8,  note),  "died  at  King- 
ston, in  Upper  Canada  (where  he  was  employed 
as  a  Deputy- Assistant  Commissary  General),  in 
1821 ;"  and  to  whom  his  sister  thus  alludes  in 
The  Graves  of  a  Household:  — 

"  They  grew  in  beauty,  side  by  side, 
They  fill'd  one  home  with  glee ; 
Their  graves  are  severed  far  and  wide, 
By  mount,  and  stream,  and  sea. 

"  One,  'midst  the  forest  of  the  west, 

By  a  dark  stream  is  laid — 
The  Indian  knows  his  place  of  rest, 
Far  in  the  cedar  shade." 

WILLIAM  KELLY. 

NAMES  OF  SERIALS.  —  Good  Words  owes  its 
name  to  "  holy  "  Herbert ;  Household  Words  de- 
rived its  name  from  Sbakspeare,  as  has  also  its 
successor  All  the  Year  Round.  I  do  not  know 
whether  the  titles  of  the  serial  established  con- 
temporarily with  All  the  Year  Round  was,  con- 
sciously on  the  projector's  part,  favoured  with  a 
poetic  baptism.  It  is,  however,  to  be  found  in 
the  concluding  lines  of  the  otherwise  prose  epi- 
logue to  Eastward  Ho  /"  which  are  as  follow  :  — 
"  O  may  you  find  in  this  our  pageant  here, 

The  same  contentment  which  you  came  to  seek ; 

And  as  that  show  but  draws  you  once  a  year, 
May  this  attract  you  hither  '  once  a  week.' " 

This  is  rather  a  strange  circumstance,  when  we 
remember  that,  in  the  third  line  of  the  prologue  to 
the  same  play,  the  authors  Jonson,  Chapman,  and 
Marston  assert,  "  We  have  evermore  been  imi- 
tated." SAML.  NEIL. 

CUSTOM  AT  RIPON.  —  I  copy  the  following  from 
a  north  country  newspaper,  in  hope  that  some  cor- 
respondent of  "  N.  &  Q."  may  afford  some  illus- 
tration of  the  custom,  or  that,  at  all  events,  it  may 
be  placed  on  record.  Y.  B.  N.  J. 

"KING  ALFRED  OF  NORTHUMBERLAND. —  At  Ripon 
every  night  at  nine  o'clock  the  watchman  of  the  market 
blows,  in  front  of  the  town  hall,  an  ancient  horn,  said  to 
be  the  gift  of  King  Alfred  of  Northumberland.  It  is  said 
that  on  the  blowing  of  this  horn  depends  the  maintenance 
of  the  city's  charter;  and,  as  nine  o'clock  is  the  hour 
fixed  for  the  ceremony,  it  appears  probable  that  it  has  a 
place  in  the  local  economy  as  a  substitute  for  the  curfew, 
which  is  still  rung  in  some  towns  of  the  north  and  of  Ire- 
land at  the  same  hour." 

THE  BIRTHPLACE  OF  WILLIAM  MULREADT, 
R.A. — The  following  deserves,  I  think,  to  find  a 
place  in  "  N.  &  Q. ; "  and,  accordingly,  I  send 
it:  — 

"  TO   THE  EDITOR   OF   SAUNDERS's  NEWS-LETTER. 

"  National  Gallery  of  Ireland,  Merrion  Square, 

West,  Dublin,  2nd  October,  1863. 
"  SIR — I  perceive  in  your  publication  an  extract  from 
a  letter  to  the  Scotsman,  signed  '  Nemo,'  which  throws 


some  doubt  on  the  generally  accepted  fact  of  Mulready 
having  been  by  birth  an  Irishman.  I  am  happy  to  be 
able  to  state  to  my  own  knowledge  that  he  always 
avowed  himself  Irish  by  birth.  I  knew  him  so  far  back 
as  the  year  1831,  when  he  received  me  in  London  kindly 
and  cordially  as  a  fellow-countryman ;  and  in  last  June, 
but  three  or  four  weeks  previous  to  his  death,  I  met  him 
at  an  evening  party,  when,  in  course  of  conversation,  he 
stated  precisely  that  he  was  born  in  Ennis,  in  the  county 
Clare.  This  should  set  at  rest  for  ever  the  doubt  raised 
by  '  Nemo.' — Yours  truly, 

"  GEORGE  F.  MULVANY." 

Mr.  Mulready  was  one  of  whom  his  native  land 
may  well  be  proud.  ABHBA. 

ALEXANDER  THE  GREAT  :  SWIFT  IN  THE  NUR- 
SERY.— I  heard  the  following  story  from  my  nurse 
more  than  fifty  years  ago  :  it  was  the  first  time  I 
ever  heard  of  the  great  Conqueror.  I  asked  why 
he  was  called  Alexander  the  Great,  and  was  in- 
structed as  follows  :  — "  Why,  you  see,  my  dear, 
he  was  once  out  hunting,  and  lost  his  way,  all 
alone.  At  last  he  came  to  a  cottage,  and  the 
people  took  him  in,  and '  gave  him  dry  clothes  [I 
think  they  wrung  his  umbrella,  but  I  am  not  quite 
sure],  and  set  him  down  by  the  fire.  And  then 
it  was,  what  would  he  have  for  supper  ?  Would 
he  have  a  fowl  ?  No !  no  fowl ;  thank  you,  of 
course,  that  people  always  say.  Would  he  have  a 
rasher  ?  No  !  no  rasher.  Would  he  have  roasted 
eggs  ?  Yes !  he  would  have  roasted  eggs.  Then 
the  good  man  of  the  house  called  out  to  his  wife, 
All  eggs  under  the  grate  :  and  he  was  so  pleased 
with  the  sound  of  it,  for  you  see,  my  dear,  he  was 
very  hungry,  that  he  went  to  church  next  Sunday, 
and  had  himself  christened  so."  The  mere  play 
on  the  words  is  Swift's;  the  rest  is  a  nursery 
formation,  which  the  Dean  himself  would  not  have 
disdained.  A.  DE  MORGAN. 

WIFE  SALE.  —  Some  twenty-two  years  ago  a 
working  man  living  in  Gloucester,  finding  that  his 
wife,  with  whom  he  had  lived  uncomfortably  a 
long  time,  had  been  unfaithful  to  him,  obtained  an 
interview  with  her  paramour,  to  whom  he  agreed 
to  sell  her.  Accordingly  on  the  following  Satur- 
day (market  day),  attired  in  a  black  gown  and  a 
new  white  bonnet,  with  a  halter  round  her  neck, 
the  frail  wife  was  led  by  her  husband  into  the 
market,  where,  it  seems,  a  sort  of  auction  was  got 
up,  and  the  woman,  who  was  a  consenting  party 
to  the  transaction,  was  sold  to  her  paramour  for 
half  a  crown,  the  money  being  duly  paid  down  by 
the  "  purchaser,"  who  then  led  the  woman  away. 
I  believe  these  particulars,  as  related  to  me  by  an 
eye-witness  of  the  extraordinary  (for  so  it  was) 
occurrence  are  perfectly  credible.  The  most  sin- 
gular part  of  the  occurrence  remains  to  be  men- 
tioned. The  woman,  it  is  averred,  proved  an  ex- 
cellent manager  to  her  second  lord,  who  frequently 
congratulated  himself  on  his  "  bargain."  It  is 
possible  that  the  woman  is  still  living,  but  both 
the  men  are  dead.  F.  G-.  B. 


3*d  S.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


325 


ALFEKNIGHT. — Mr.  Harwood,  in  his  interesting 
Gleanings  among  the  Castles  and  Convents  of  Nor- 
folk, says  (p.  227,  note)  :  — 

"  A  Ralph  Alfeknight  is  a  witness  to  an  early  deed 
[of  the  fourteenth  century,  in  the  Chartulary  of  Brom- 
holm,  preserved  in  the  Public  Library  at  Cambridge]. 
In  another  he  appears  as  Ralph  Demychyvaler,  and  some 
of  the  family  subsequently  figure  as  Halfknights.  Some 
of  the  speculators  on  the  origin  of  names  may  amuse 
themselves  with  the  investigation  of  the  origin  of  this." 

May  not  the  surname  referred  to  have  been 
conferred  on  the  possessor  of  half  a  knight's  fee, 
which  was  settled  at  40Z.  a-year  early  in  the 
fourteenth  century  ?  Or  may  it  not  have  had  its 
rise  in  the  doctrine  then  in  force,  that  the  per- 
sonal attendance  of  a  single  knight  was  equivalent 
to  that  of  two  men-at-arms  not  being  knights  ? 
(See  Mr.  F.  M.  Nichols's  learned  paper  on  "Feudal 
and  Obligatory  Knighthood,"  Archceologia,  xxxix. 
213,  222.)  JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORKARD,  M.A. 

ANONYMOUS.  —  Who  are  the  authors  of  the  two 
following  poetical  volumes  ? — 1.  Leisure  Moments, 
by  M.  N.  A.,  London,  Cleaver,  1843.  —  2.  Frag- 
ments, Original  and  Translated,  by  M.  C.  R.,  1857. 

R.  INGLIS. 

ARMS. — Argent,  a  saltire  azure.    Whose  ? 

2.  ©. 

BELL  MOTTO  WANTED. — Where  is  the  bell  that 
has  this  motto,  most  descriptive  of  the  uses  of 
church  bells  ?  — 

"  To  call  the  folks  to  church  in  time — I  chime. 
When  mirth  and  joy  are  on  the  wing — I  ring. 
When  from  the  body  parts  the  soul — I  toll." 

QUERIST. 

BOUCHER  AND  BOWDEN  :  ST.  DUNSTAN'S  CLOCK. 
Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  explain  who  Bou- 
cher and  Bowden  were?  for  such  appears  to  have 
been  the  names  of  the  two  figures  who  struck  the 
hours  on  the  old  St.  Dunstan's  clock. 

I  quote  from  A  Pacquet from  Wills ;  or  a  New 
Collectionof  Original  Letters,  Sfc.,  London,  1701 : — 

"  A  Lady  of  Pleasure  being  the  Escutcheon  of  Iniquity, 
and  the  Cully  and  Pully  her  two  Supporters,  hanging 
thus  like  St.  Dunstan's  Clock,  between  Boucher  and  Bow- 
den  for  both  to  knock  at  in  their  turns,"  p.  47. 

I  can  find  no  allusion  to  Boucher  and  Bowden 
in  Londiniana,  Cunningham's  Hand-Book,  or 
Timbs's  Curiosities  of  London ;  and  Cowper,  who, 
in  his  Table  Talk,  likens  a  lame  poet  to  them  — 

"  When  labour  and  when  dulness,  club  in  hand, 

Like  the  two  figures  at  St.  Dunstan's  stand,"  — 
seems  to  have  been  equally  ignorant  of  the  names 
of  what  Strype  describes  as  "two  Savages  or  Her- 
cules." W.  J.  T. 

CANDLES.  —  Is  it  known  when  candles  were 
invented,  or  when  they  were  first  used  for  religious 
purposes  ?  Pliny  and  Martial  allude  to  rush- 


lights, and  Baronius  and  Muratori  show  that  wax 
candles  were  employed  in  the  church  in  the  third 
century ;  is  there  any  earlier  record  of  their  use  ? 
Is  there  any  evidence  or  reason  to  suppose  that 
the  Hebrews  were  acquainted  with  them  prior  to 
their  expulsion  from  their  own  land  ? 

OPIFEX  CANDELARUM. 

EDWARD  WALTON  CHAPMAN. — This  gentleman, 
a  son  of  Capt.  William  Chapman  of  Whitby  (who 
died  1793),  was  engaged  under  his  brother  William 
Chapman,  a  famous  engineer  (who  died  at  New- 
castle-upon-Tyne  at  a  very  advanced  age,  May 
29,  1832),  on  important  public  works  in  Ireland, 
and  is  subsequently  described  as  of  Newcastle- 
upon-Tyne,  and  Willington-Ropery,  in  the  parish 
of  Wallsend,  Northumberland.  The  date  of  his 
death  will  oblige.  He  appears  to  have  been  living 
in  1817.  S.  Y.  R. 

THE  REV.  THOMAS  CRAIG,  minister  of  the  Asso- 
ciate Congregation  of  Whitby,  1789,  removed  to 
Leeds  in  1793,  and  subsequently  settled  at  or 
near  Booking.  He  published  Three  Sermons  on 
Important  Subjects,  Whitby,  8vo,  1791 ;  Funeral 
Sermon  for  Mrs.  Fitch  Booking,  8vo,  1815 ; 
Funeral  Sermon  for  John  Tabor,  Esq.,  Becking, 
8vo,  1815.  When  did  he  die  ?  S.  Y.  R. 

FAMILIES  OF  THEPSACK  AND  FORSTER.— I  should 
be  greatly  obliged  for  any  information  respecting 
the  Rev.  John  Trepsack  of  Canterbury.  His  wife, 
who  died  in  1699,  is  buried  in  the  cathedral. 
Was  he  a  member  of  the  Chapter,  or  connected 
with  Canterbury  ?  The  name  has  rather  a  foreign 
sound,  and  I  believe  his  arms  are  given  on  the 
monumental  slab  belonging  to  his  wife. 

His  brother-in-law  was  "John  Fforster,  of 
Dover,  Gent.;"  who  appears,  from  his  marriage 
license,  to  have  been  born  in  1 662.  Was  there  a 
family  of  this  name  at  Dover  at  the  period  in- 
dicated? C.  J.  R. 

JAMES  FORDYCE. — Who  was  James  Fordyce, 
who  published  at  Edinburgh,  in  1788,  A  Collection 
of  Hymns  and  Sacred  Poems?  I  take  it  for 
granted,  that  he  was  an  entirely  different  person 
from  his  namesake,  the  celebrated  preacher,  who 
also  published  a  poetical  volume  in  1786.  J.  O. 

JOHN  FREER. — Any  information  regarding  John 
Freer,  an  ensign  in  the  66th  Foot  in  1768,  will  be 
thankfully  received.  2.  0. 

"LONDON  AND  LITERARY  MUSEUM."  —  Can  any 
one  inform  me  as  to  the  authors  of  the  following 
articles  in  this  periodical,  published  in  1822:  — 
Vol.  i.  "  The  Bridal  Eve,"  a  dramatic  scene, 

§).  155-56.     "The  Masque  of  the  Seasons,"  by 
.,  p.  166.     "  Agnes,"  a  dramatic  scene,  by  M., 
pp.  204-5.     "  Roman  Conversations  at  Bignor," 
p.  426. — Vol.  ii.    "The   Witches,"   a   dramatic 
sketch,  492.     "  Jephtha,"  by  R.,  p.  796. 

R.  INGLIS. 


326 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3"»  S.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63. 


LONDON  CHAPELS.  —  Can  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents give  me  information  about  the  fol- 
lowing Chapels  existing  before  the  Marriage  Act, 
1753?  — 

Park  Chapel,  Chelsea,  built  by  Sir  Richard 
Manningham  in  1718.  Where  situate  ?  how  now 
used  ?  Is  there  any  engraving  of  it  ? 

Spring  Garden  Chapel.  Where  situate  ?  how 
now  used  ?  any  engraving  ?  (The  French  Chapel 
there  was  burnt  down  in  1716.) 

Maddoch  Street  Chapel.  —  Where  was  this  ? 
Was  St.  George's,  Hanover  Square,  the  substitute 
for  it  ? 

Kensington  Palace  Chapel. — Any  information 
about  this?  The  Marquess  of  Carmarthen  was 
married  there  in  1712,  and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Blake- 
way  was  "  curate  "  of  the  Chapel  in  1736. 

Wood  Street  Compter  Chapel.— This  was  pro- 
bably removed  when  the  Compter  was  located  in 
Giltspur  Street.  Is  anything  known  of  it,  or  of 
Noble  Street  Chapel? 

Is  any  thing  known  of  the  Register  of  Mar- 
riages belonging  to  Guildhall  Chapel,  which  was 
pulled  down  about  1820  ?  It  is  not  at  the  Church 
of  St.  Lawrence,  Jewry,  as  stated  in  Cunning- 
ham's London.  JOHN  S.  BURN. 

The  Grove,  Henley. 

LYNN  REGIS.  —  In  the  General  History  of  the 
County  of  Norfolk  (8vo,  Norwich,  1829),  pp.  464- 
466,  are  given  extracts  from  a  poetical  work,  en- 
titled, "  Lennct  Redeuiua ;  or,  a  Description  of 
King's  Lynn  in  Norfolk  ...  by  Ben  Adam." 
It  is  said  to  consist  of  "  Two  hundred  and  four- 
teen MS.  pages,  beginning  at  Anno  Domini  1,  and 
carrying  down  the  events  to  the  reign  of  King 
Edward  IV."  The  writer  of  the  History  of  Nor- 
folk does  not  appear  to  have  seen  the  MS.  itself, 
but  quotes  from  extracts  which  he  says  are  con- 
tained in  a  "  Catalogue  of  Seals  presented  to  the 
Norwich  Museum  by  Richard  Taylor,  Esq." 
Strange  to  say,  not  only  have  these  extracts  from 
the  Lennce  Redeuiua  disappeared  from  the  Museum, 
but  the  Catalogue  itself  is  no  longer  to  be  found 
there.  Can  any  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q."  give 
information  respecting  this  work  of  Ben  Adam, 
which,  from  a  marginal  date  at  one  place,  appears 
to  have  been  written  in  the  year  1676  ?  There  is 
a  "  Catalogue  of  Seals  and  ancient  Deeds  in  the 
Norfolk  and  Norwich  Museum"  still  in  that  in- 
stitution, but  it  is  evidently  not  the  one  alluded 
to  by  the  historian,  for  it  contains  notes  in  which 
reference  is  made  to  "  Mr.  Richard  Taylor's  book 
on  Seals  in  the  Museum "  (doubtless  the  book 
now  missing).  Moreover,  it  bears  date  1830, 
whereas  the  History  of  Norfolk  was  published  in 
1829.  Q. 

"  MITCH  KE  DITCH." — What  is  the  meaning  and 
origin  of  this  old  English  expression  ?  I  have 
observed  it  in  pamphlets  published  in  Charles  II.'s 


time.      An   instance   of   its  use   is   now   before 
me :  — 

"  Well,  Mr.  Observator,  Mitch  he  ditch  yc  with  Sir 
Denny  Ashburnham's  gingerbread  testimony.  For  there's 
many  an  unhappy  child  makes  a  good  man."  —  Doctor 
Oates's  Vindication  of  himself,  fol.,  1679,  p.  47. 

J.  C.  H. 

OGLESBT  is  a  very  uncommon  name.  It  does 
not  occur,  so  far  as  I  am  aware,  in  any  of  the 
Indices  of  Wills,  at  the  Prerogative  Court,  London. 
Can  any  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q."  inform  me 
to  what  part  of  England  it  is  peculiar  at  the 
present  day,  or  where  any  records  of  it  in  the 
seventeenth  century  are  to  be  found  ?  SP. 

"  THE  PERIODICAL  PRESS,"  &c.  —  Who  was 
the  author  of  a  12mo  volume,  entitled  The  Peri- 
odical Press  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland  (Lon- 
don, 1824)?  ABHBA. 

QUOTATION.  — 

"  We  live  to  die,  and  die  to  live  again ; 

For  life  eternal  is  our  destiny, 
And  death  is  but  the  gate  to  life,  which  cannot  die." 

EMERITA. 

SCALDING  THURSDAY. — What  is  the  meaning  of 
this  mysterious  entry  in  Laud's  Diary  f — 
[1635.]     "Sept.  24.  Scalding  Thursday." 

DAVID  GAM. 

TALIESIN  WILLIAMS  (AB  IOLO). — Wanted  a  per- 
fect list  of  this  gentleman's  writings,  with  the 
places  and  dates  of  their  publication.  His  collec- 
tion of  Welsh  MSS.  (including  those  of  his  father, 
lolo  Morganwg)  is  said  to  have  been  purchased 
by  Lord  Llanover.  Have  any  of  them  been 
edited,  and  by  whom?  Any  Welsh  correspon- 
dent of  "  N.  &  Q."  kindly  replying  to  these 
queries  will  oblige  GOFYNWR. 

TILE  BARN.  —  There  is  a  house  in  Woodhay, 
Hants,  thus  denominated.  Could  its  name  have 
been  originally  "  Tithe  Barn"  a  place  where  the 
rector's  tithes  were  collected  in  kind  ? 

N.  H.  R. 

"  TUDOR,  A  PRINCE  OF  WALES. — An  Historical 
Novel ;  in  Two  Parts.  London,  printed  by  H.  H. 
for  Jonathan  Edwin,  at  the  sign  of  the  Throe 
Roses  on  Ludgate-hill,  1678."  Who  was  the 
writer  of  this  work  ?  LLALLAWG. 

SIR  JOHN  WENLOCK  :  LORD  WENLOCK. — Cam- 
den  says  of  this  double-distilled  traitor,  that  of 
his  parentage  he  cannot  say  anything,  the  ear- 
liest notice  of  him  which  Camden  had  found  being 
his  appointment  as  Escheator  for  Bucks  and  Bed- 
fordshire, 17  Henry  VI.  In  28  Henry  VI.,  he 
was  Chamberlain  to  Queen  Margaret,  for  whom 
he  laid  the  first  stone  of  Queen's  College,  Cam- 
bridge. In  or  soon  after  35  Henry  VI.,  he  was 
created  K.  G.,  and  two  years  afterwards  attainted, 


5.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


327 


having  sided  with  the  Duke  of  York  against  the 
king. 

He  had  been  severely  wounded  at  St.  Alban's, 
when  on  the  king's  side.  He  was  with  Edward 
at  Towton  field ;  and,  in  6  Edward  IV.,  he  had 
summons  to  Parliament  as  a  baron.  But  after 
great  honours  and  employments  conferred  on  him 
by  King  Edward  IV.,  he  rejoined  the  Lancas- 
trians, and  was  slain  at  Tewkesbury,  May  4, 1471 ; 
leaving  neither  wife  nor  issue  that  ever  I  could 
see — says  Camden. 

I  should  be  very  much  obliged  to  any  of  your 
correspondents  who  can  give  me  any  account  of 
the  family,  connections,  marriage,  or  issue  (if 
any),  of  this  Lord  Wenlock.*  G.  R.  C. 

ANTHONY  YOCNG. — Information  is  desired  as  to 
this  person,  to  whom  has  been  attributed  the  com- 
position of  "  God  save  the  King."  (See  Chappell's 
Popular  Music,  693).f  S.  Y.  R. 


fottf) 

CHANCELLOR  LIVINGSTON.  —  Watt  has  the  fol- 
lowing article :  — 

"  Livingston,  Chancellor.  An  Essay  on  Sheep ;  with 
Additional  Remarks,  by  William  Cobbett.  Lond.  1811, 
8vo.  8«." 

Is  Chancellor  a  Christian  name  or  a  name  of 
office?  In  either  case  some  account  of  this  author 
appears  desirable.  S.  Y.  R. 

[Robert  R.  Livingston,  an  eminent  American  politician 
and  lawyer,  was  born  in  the  city  of  New  York,  Nov.  27, 
1746.  In  1780  he  was  appointed  Secretary  of  Foreign 
Affairs,  and  at  the  adoption  of  the  constitution  of  New 
York  became  Chancellor  of  that  state,  which  office 
he  held  until  1801,  when  he  went  to  France  as  minister 
plenipotentiary,  appointed  by  President  Jefferson.  In 
1805  Mr.  Livingston  returned  to  the  United  States,  and 
employed  himself  in  promoting  the  arts  and  agriculture. 
He  introduced  into  the  State  of  New  York  the  use  of 
gypsum  and  the  Merino  race  of  sheep.  He  was  president 
of  the  New  York  Academy  of  Fine  Arts,  and  also  of  the 
Society  for  the  Promotion  of  Agriculture.  He  died  March 
26,  1813,  with  the  reputation  of  an  able  statesman,  a 
learned  lawyer,  and  a  most  useful  citizen.  Lieber's  Encyc. 
Americana,  viii.  25.] 

SIR  ROBERT  HOWARD,  K.B.,  was  Governor  of 
Bridgnorth  Castle  for  Charles  I.  when  it  was  sur- 
rendered to  the  parliament  April  26,  1646.  Who 
was  he  ?  It  seems  to  me  that  he  could  not  have 
been  Sir  Robert  Howard  the  dramatist,  who  is 
said  to  have  been  born  in  1626,  and  to  have  been 
knighted  at  the  Restoration.  S.  Y.  R. 

[Sir  Robert  Howard  was  the  fifth  son  of  Lord  Thomas 
Howard,  first  Earl  of  Suffolk.  Sir  Robert  was  made 
Knight  of  the  Bath  with  his  brother  William  at  the 

[*  For  an  interesting  paper  on  the  supposed  tomb  of 
Lord  Wenlock  in  Tewkesbury  Church,  see  "N.  &  Q.," 
2"<i  s.  ix.  175.— ED.] 

[t  Anthony  Young  is  noticed  in  our  2nd  S.  vii.  64. — 
ED.] 


creation  of  Charles,  Prince  of  Wales,  in  1616.    He  is  no- 


Howard's  Memorials  of  the  Howard  Family,  p.  54;  but 
nothing  is  known  of  him.] 

TREACLE  BIBLE  —  I  have  heard  of  a  Breeches 
Bible  and  a  Vinegar  Bible;  but  now  a  friend  tells 
me  there  is  a  Treacle  Bible.  What  is  its  history  ? 

CPL. 

[The  Treacle  Bible  is  so  called  from  those  printed  in 
the  time  of  Henry  VIII.  and  Queen  Elizabeth  (among 
others  that  of  Coverdale,  1535),  in  which  the  Balm  of 
Gilead  is  called  the  Treacle  of  Gilead,  as  in  the  following 
passages  of  the  edition  of  1575 :  — 

"  Is  there  no  triacle  at  Giliad?  Is  there  no  Phisition 
there?  Why  then  is  not  the  health  of  my  people  re- 
covered ?  " — Jer.  viii.  22. 

"  Goe  up  unto  Giliad,  and  bring  triacle,  0  virgin  thou 
daughter  of  Egypt :  but  in  vayne  shall  thou  goe  to  snr- 
gerie,  for  thy  wound  shal  not  be  stopped."  —  Jer.  xlvi. 

"  THE  HISTORY  OF  Miss  CLARINDA  CATHCART 
AND  Miss  FANNY  RENTON." — This  work  was  pub- 
lished by  Newbery,  in  two  volumes,  Oct.  1765. 
See  list  of  books  published,  Gent's  Mag.)  vol. 
xxxv.  p.  485.  I  shall  be  much  obliged  for  any  in- 
formation about  this  book.  Did  these  ladies  ever 
exist  in  form  and  substance  ?  or  are  they  crea- 
tures of  some  fertile  imagination  ?  Real,  or  ficti- 
tious, who  wrote  the  History  f  C. 

[This  work  is  one  of  Jane  Marshall's  novels,  authoress 
of  Letter*  for  the  Improvement  of  Youth,  and  Sir  Harry 
Gayglove,  a  comedy  printed  in  Scotland,  but  never  per- 
formed. A  list  of  her  works  is  given  in  Watt's  Biblio- 
theca,  where  her  name  is  spelt  Marishall.] 

THE  RIGHT  HON.  JOHN  SMITH,  successively 
Speaker  of  the  House  of  Commons  and  Chancellor 
of  the  Exchequer,  was  living  in  1722.  When  did 
he  die,  and  where  was  he  buried  ?  S.  Y.  R. 

[The  death  of  the  Speaker  is  thus  announced  in  The 
Political  State  of  Great  Britain,  xxvi.  455 :  "  On  Wed- 
nesday morning,  Oct.  2,  1723,  died  the  Rt.  Hon.  John 
Smith  of  Tydworth,  co.  Southampton,  Esq.  one  of  the 
four  principal  Tellers  of  His  Majesty's  Exchequer,  a 
privy  counsellor,  and  formerly  Speaker  of  the  Hon.  House 
of  Commons.  He  was  a  person  who,  on  all  critical  occa- 
sions, had  given  signal  proofs  as  well  of  his  zeal  and  affec- 
tion for  the  present  happy  establishment,  as  of  his  inviol- 
able uprightness  and  integrity."] 

PIMLICO. —  There  is  a  Devonshire  proverb, 
"  To  keep  it  in  Pimlico,"  that  is,  to  keep  a  house 
in  nice  order.  Can  you  inform  me  from  whence 
we  get  the  name  of  the  place,  Pimlico  ?  Whether 
it  has  any  reference  to  the  proverb  ?  C.  H.  G. 

[Four  articles  on  the  origin  of  tbe'word  Pimlico  ap- 
peared in  our  First  Series ;  but  without  any  allusion  to 
this  proverb.  Pimlico  kept  a  place  of  entertainment  in 
or  near  Hoxton,  and  was  celebrated  for  his  nut-brown 
ale.  The  place  seems  afterwards  to  have  been  called  by 
his  name,  and  is  constantly  mentioned  by  our  early 
dramatists.] 


328 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3r«i  S.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63. 


THE  DEVIL. 
.       (3rd  S.  iv.  246.) 

The  History  of  the  Evil  Spirit  as  dealt  with  by 
Revelation  and  Tradition,  Paganism  and  Popular 
Superstition,  Heresy  and  Infidelity,  Literature 
and  Art,  would  no  doubt,  if  treated  in  a  reverent 
and  Christian  spirit,  form  a  very  instructive  and 
profitable,  though  a  very  painful  and  more  or  less 
repulsive  work.  To  see  so  awful  a  subject  treated 
in  a  merely  "interesting"  or  "light-literature" 
style,  not  to  say  with  downright  levity,  would  be 
both  repulsive  and  mischievous. 

There  is  a  book  by  J.  G.  Meyer  (or  Mayer) 
called  Historia  Diaboli,  Tribing,  1777,  4to,  which 
I  have  never  seen,  but  suspect  to  be  little  more 
than  a  collection  of  witch-stories  and  such  like. 
De  Foe's  History  of  the  Devil  is  unworthy  of  the 
title  or  of  its  author.  He  writes  much  more  to 
the  purpose  in  Robinson  Crusoe,  in  that  striking 
passage  where  Friday  (somewhat  like  a  certain 
Zulu  of  recent  celebrity)  dumbfounders  and  com- 
pletely shuts  up  his  instructor  by  asking  two  or 
three  questions ;  which,  simple  and  natural  as 
they  were,  were  yet  unanswerable,  as  they  in- 
volved the  whole  tremendous  Mystery  of  Evil  and 
the  Evil  One.* 

For  much  curious  matter  and  some  striking 
Eastern  traditions  respecting  "  The  Prince  of  this 
World,"  I  would  refer  r.  to  a  work  of  singular 
interest  and  profound  learning,  The  Many  Man- 
sions in  the  House  of  the  Father,  by  the  late  Rev. 
G.  S.  Faber,  section  iii.  chap.  vii. — ix.  The  scope 
of  Mr.  Faber's  views  may  be  shortly  given  in  the 
words  of  a  learned  writer  of  last  century  :  "  As  it 
is_  highly  credible  that  Satan,  whilst  an  Angel  of 
Light,  was  a  Fountain-Spirit,  and  Hierarch  in 
the  place  of  this  World ;  so  we  may  hence  the 
more  naturally  account  for  his  particular  envy 
and  enmity  to  Mankind,  the  designed  successors 
to  his  kingdom ;  as  also  for  that  share  of  dominion 
he  still  retains,  till  the  time  of  his  binding  shall 
come."  (Hartley's  Paradise  Restored,  Lond., 
1764,  p.  3.) 

Cf.  Bb'hme's  account  of  the  "  Throne- Angels," 
and  the  Fall  of  Lucifer,— J.  B.'s  Theosophick 
Philosophy  Unfolded,  by  Taylor,  Lond.  1691, 
pp.  20,  45,  341,  371.  Henry  Brooke's  autograph 
in  my  copy  of  the  Theosophic  Philosophy,  suggests 
a  reference  to  his  Fool  of  Quality,  Kingsley's  edn. 
vol.  ii.  pp.  140-141,  where  he  follows  Bb'hme. 
See  also,  Rev.  J.  Deane,  On  the  Worship  of  the 
Serpent;  Rev.  W.  Haslam's  The  Cross  and  the 

*  Friday's  last  question,  which  points  to  the  ultimate 
repentance  and  salvation  of  the  Evil  Spirit,  opens  out  a 
curious  field  of  thought  and  literature;  starting,  say, 
with  Origen,  and  coming  down  to  Bailey's  Festus. 


Serpent ;  Dr.  S.  R.  Maitland's  JEruvin ;  and  En- 
nemoser's  History  of  Magic.  With  the  last,  com- 
pare "  The  German  Ideas  of  the  Devil  in  the 
Sixteenth  Century,"  in  Freytag's  graphic  Pictures 
of  German  Life,  vol.  i.  ch.  xn. 

It  was  one  of  Coleridge's  heresies  (if  I  may  use 
this  old  fashioned  word),  that  he  denied  "the 
personal  existence  of  the  Evil  Principle,"  and 
considered  the  Devil  "  a  mere  fiction,  or,  at  the 
best,  an  allegory."  See  a  Note  he  wrote  in  a 
copy  of  Robinson  Crusoe ;  and  another  he  wrote 
in  Smith's  "Select  Discourses,"  given  in  his 
Notes  and  Lectures  upon  Shakspeare,  &c.,  London, 
1849,  vol.  ii.  pp.  135,  154.  Swedenborg  held  a 
similar  doctrine. — Cf.  his  Heaven  and  Hell,  §§  311 
and  544.  Is  there  not,  by-the-way,  a  modern 
work  on  "  The  Personality  of  the  Tempter  ?  " 

The  mysterious  affinities  which  exist  between 
the  Demoniacal  and  the  Bestial  led  the  Heathen 
to  represent  their  Demons,  such  as  Pan,  the 
Fauns,  Satyrs,  &c.,  in  the  shape  of  rough  shaggy 
Animals.  Thus  Pan,  the  God  of  this  World, 
"  is  portrayed  by  the  Ancients  in  this  guise ;  on 
his  head  a  pair  of  Horns  that  reach  to  Heaven, 
his  body  rough  and  hairy,  his  beard  long  and 
shaggy,  his  shape  biformed,  above  like  a  Man,  below 
like  a  Beast,  his  Feet  like  Goafs  hoofs,"  and  from 
this  he  was  especially  called  "  the  Goat-footed." 
Now,  when  the  Heathen  Teutons  and  Northern 
Nations  embraced  Christianity,  there  were  a  few 
who  hung  back,  (as  was  the  case  in  every  nation), 
and  for  a  long  time  clung  to  the  ancient  belief, 
and  in  secret  continued  to  practise  their  rites. 
From  this  state  of  things,  the  Demonology  of  the 
Ancients  mingled  itself  imperceptibly  with  Chris- 
tianity. Accordingly,  Satan,  "  the  god  of  this 
World,"  naturally  took  the  place  of  Pan ;  and, 
after  great  Pan  was  dead,  inherited  his  Horns 
and  Hoofs.  As  Ennemoser  observes,  the  repre- 
sentation of  the  Devil  as  a  Black  He- Goat  was 
of  high  antiquity  ;  and  in  oaths  it  was  a  common 
formula  to  swear  "  by  the  He-Goat's  skull,"  or 
imprecate,  "  May  the  He-Goat  shame  him."  He 
adds,  "  The  best  known  marks  of  the  Devil  are 
the  Cloven  Foot,  the  Goat's  Beard,  the  Cock's 
Feather,  and  the  Ox's  Tail."  *  In  the  Witch- 
Orgies  of  the  Middle  Ages,  the  Devil  used  to 
appear  either  riding  on  a  He-Goat,  or  in  the  shape 
of  a  He-Goat  with  a  black  man's  face.  Thus  in 
Goethe's  Walpurgisnacht,  the  He- Goat  figures 
conspicuously.  Besides  these  popular  supersti- 
tions, the  Mysteries  and  Moralities  so  frequent 
in  the  Middle  Ages  probably  served  -to  keep  up 
this  association  of  ideas,  and  to  familiarise  men's 


*  Cf.  Ennemoser's  History  of  Magic,  Hewitt's  trans, 
vol.  ii.  pp.  152-3,  195-7.  The  Devil  was  sometimes  called 
an  Ox  by  the  Jews,  and  a  Rabbinic  writer  says :  "  Sam- 
mael  is  sometimes  seen  in  the  likeness  of  an  Ox  or  a  Hog. 
Particularly  in  the  time  of  pestilence,  he  appears  in  the 
likeness  of  a  black  Ox."—Stehelin,  p.  190. 


S.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


329 


minds  with  the  half-human,  half-bestial,  horned, 
and  goat-footed  representations  of  the  Evil  One. 

The  Heathen  Symbolism  thus  adopted  in  the 
Middle  Ages  was  itself,  however,  derived  in  great 
measure  from  primitive  Revelation  and  Tradition, 
and  was  countenanced  by  some  mysterious  allu- 
sions in  Holy  Scripture.  Thus  in  Isai.  xiii.  21, 
the  word  we  translate  "  Satyrs,"  and  which  in  the 
original  signifies  rough,  hairy  creatures,  is  rendered 
in  the  LXX.  by  5a»/*oV«a,  Demons*  I  subjoin  a 
passage  from  Brown's  Sacred  Tropology,  Edinb. 
1768.  In  treating  "  Of  Metaphors  respecting 
Fallen  Angels,"  he  observes :  — 

"  They  are  called  GOATS,  or  HAIRY  ONES  (Lev.  xvii. 
7 ;  2  Chron.  xi.  15.  Heb.}  Before  God  their  moral  ap- 
pearance, oft  before  men,  their  visible,  how  unsightly, 
abominable,  and  shocking!  How  they  delight  in,  feed 
upon,  and  are  filled  with  the  poison  of  iniquity.  Their 
behaviour,  how  detestable  to  every  one  holy  and  pure ! 
With  what  pleasure  they  perform  mischief;  what  injury 
they  do  Christ's  militant  Sheep !  And  how  oft,  under 
the  form  of  Goats,  Satyrs,  and  other  hairy  animals,  have 
their  Heathenish  votaries  adored  them ! "  — p.  120. 

In  Mr.  Mossman's  excellent  little  Glossary  of 
the  Principal  Words  used  in  a  Figurative,  Typical, 
or  Mystical  Sense  in  the  H.S.,  &c.,  Lond.  1854, 
we  find :  — 

"  GOAT.  —  (1.)  A  She-Goat  offered  in  the  Levitical 
sacrifices  denoted  Penitence.  Thomas  Aquinas.  (2.)  Sin 
itself.  Bernard.  (3.)  Wicked  and  unclean  persons  (lost 
Souls):  S.  Mat.  xxy.  33.  Cf.  Lev.  xvii.  7,  where  the 
word  translated  '  Devils '  signifies  in  the  Hebrew '  Goats.' 
(4.)  That  God  '  will  not  eat  bulls'  flesh,  nor  drink  the 
blood  of  goats,'  Ps.  1. 13,  signifies  that  He  will  not  accept 
the  sacrifice  of  the  Proud.  Bernard." — p.  51. 

By  the  Rabbinic  writers,  the  Devil  is  frequently 
termed  Seirissim,  i.  e.  a  Goat;  and  when  the 
Jews  fell  into  superstition,  they  used  to  make  a 
yearly  deprecatory  offering  of  a  Goat  to  Satan, 
which  they  styled  "  a  Present."  Thus,  too,  Esau, 
6  0e€r)\os,  the  great  human  type  of  Satan,  was 
rough  and  hairy  .like  a  Goat,  and  lived  in  the  land 
of  Seir  or  Edom ;  and  all  his  names,  Esau,  Seir, 
and  Edom  are  used  to  denote  the  Evil  Spirit.  See 
Stehelin's  Traditions  of  the  Jews,  Lond.  1732, 
pp.  191,  200-202.  Cf.  also,  Sir  Thos.  Browne's 
Vulgar  Errors,  b.  v.  ch.  23,  $  17.  Among  all 
nations,  the  He-Goat  is  the  especial  emblem  of 
Uncleanness  and  Lasciviousness,  and  thus  becomes 
a  natural  symbol  of  the  Prince  of  Unclean  Spirits. 
Having  shown  that  the  Cloven  Foot  of  Satan  re- 
presents a  Goafs  hoof,  I  shall  throw  together  a 
lew  passages  relating  to  the  subject. 

Abp.  Leighton  observes,  in  a  Lecture  on  St. 
Mat.  vii.  15:  — 


"  As  for  the  grand  deceiver,  the  Devil,  the  vulgar 
Fable,  that  in  all  Apparitions  whatsoever  there  is  still 
the  shape  of  a  Cloven  Foot,  holds  true,  for  there  is  some- 
thing in  their  carriage  that,  narrowly  eyed,  will  tell  what 
they  are." 

In  the  wild  scene  of  the  Witch's  Kitchen  in 
Goethe's  Faust,  Mephistopheles  says  to  the  Witch 
whom  he  has  thrown  into  a  state  of  rage  and 
amazement :  — 

"  Dost  thou  know  me,  thou  atomy,  thou  scarecrow  ? 
Dost  thou  know  thy  lord  and  master?  .  .  .  Hast  thou  no 
more  any  respect  for  the  Red  doublet  ?  Canst  thou  not 
distinguish  the  Cock's  feather  ? 

"  The  Witch.  ()  Master,  pardon  this  rough  reception. 
But  I  see  no  Cloven  Foot.  Where  then  are  your  two 
Ravens  ? 

"  Mephist.  This  once  the  apology  may  serve.  For,  to 
be  sure,  it  is  some  while  since  we  saw  each  other.  The 
march  of  intellect  too,  which  licks  all  the  world  into 
shape,  has  even  reached  the  Devil.  The  Northern  Phan- 
tom is  now  no  more  to  be  seen.  Where  do  you  see 
Horns,  Tail,  and  Claws  ?  And  as  for  the  Foot,  which  I 
cannot  do  without,  it  would  prejudice  me  in  society; 
therefore,  like  many  a  gallant,  I  have  worn  false  calves 
these  many  years.".; 

Mr.  Hayward  appends  to  the  above  the  fol- 
lowing note : — 

"  The  old  German  Catechisms,  from  Luther's  time 
downwards,  were  generally  adorned  with  a  frontispiece, 
representing  the  Devil  with  all  the  above-mentioned  ap- 


*  "  The  word  Seirim  (trans.  '  Devils '  in  Lev.  and 
Chron.,  and  '  Satyrs '  in  Isaiah)  simply  imports  Goats ; 
and  the  object  worshipped  by  the  Israelites  under  that 
name,  was  doubtless  the  Mendes  of  the  Egyptians,  or,  as 
the  Greeks  called  that  pantheistic  divinity,  the  Universal 
Pan." — Faber's  Many  Mansions,  2nd  ed.  p.  260. 


Dr.  Arnold  objects  to  the  Miltonic  representa- 
tion of  Satan,  and  prefers  what  I  may  call  the 
Panic :  — 

"  By  giving  the  Devil  a  human  likeness,  and  repre- 
senting him  as  a  bad  man,  you  necessarily  get  some 
image  of  what  is  good  as  well  as  of  what  is  bad,  for  no 
man  is  entirely  evil.  The  Hoofs,  the  Horns,  the  Tail, 
were  all  useful  in  this  way,  as  giving  you  an  image  of 
something  altogether  disgusting ;  and  so  Mephistopheles, 
and  the  utterly  contemptible  and  hateful  character  of  the 
Little  Master  in  Sintram,  are  far  more  true  than  the 
Paradise  Lost." 

Mr.  Neale,  in  his  delightful  work,  The  Unseen 
World,  Lond.  1850,  p.  192,  says  something  similar, 
and  shows  that  "  no  Mediaeval  Poet  could  have 
written  Paradise  Lost."  EIKIONNACH. 

Any  one  who  wishes  to  make  out  the  history 
of  this  notion,  must  investigate  the  incorporation 
of  the  heathen  evil  spirit  with  that  of  the  New 
Testament.  He  may  find  his  first  references  in  an 
Appendix  to  the  Dictionnaire  des  Sciences  Occultes, 
Paris,  1846,  2  vols.  8vo,  a  part  of  the  Abbe  Migne's 
enormous  undertaking.  This  dictionary  contains  a 
great  quantity  of  matter  connected  with  daemons, 
and  the  old  stories  about  them.  Possibly  some 
volume  of  the  collection  is  more  directly  devoted 
to  our  subject,  but  I  cannot  find  one  in  the  list. 

There  is  a  long  discussion  in  the  Mirabilia 
Angelorum  ac  Damonum,  the  first  book  of  Gaspar 
Schott's  Physica  Curiosa,  Herbipoli,  1662,  4tp. 
Many  references  will  be  found  here.  There  is 


330 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63. 


a  chapter  "  De  proprii  cujusque  nati  Daemonis 
inquisitione,"  in  the  second  volume  of  Fludd's 
Utriiisque  Cosmi  Hisioria,  Oppenheim,  1619,  2 
vols.  folio.  Watt's  Bibliotheca,  under  the  heads 
"  Daemon,"  "  Devil,"  &c.  contains  many  refer- 
ences. The  first  work  named  by  me  can  be  got  at 
once,  and  will  perhaps  last  until  others  can  be 
heard  of. 

Milton's  "splendid  nonsense"  will,  I  believe, 
be  found  to  have  little  which  is  not  of  earlier  date, 
in  all  that  relates  to  the  habits  and  doings  of  the 
infernal  spirits.  I  have  seen  it  stated  that  even 
the  great  guns  which  knocked  down  the  gaseous 
angels  with  hard  iron  are  older  than  Paradise 
Lost.  That  is,  the  splendour  is  Milton's,  the 
"  nonsense "  is  borrowed,  if  indeed  it  be  non- 
sense. A.  DE  MORGAN. 

One  of  the  most  interesting  ancient  represent- 
ations of  Satan  occurs  in  the  MS.  of  Csedmon,  in 
the  Bodleian,  Oxford.  The  whole  series  of  illustra- 
tions has  been  well  facsimilied  for  the  Arch<zolo~ 
gia.  J.  C.  J. 


SIR  FRANCIS  DRAKE. 
(3rd  S.  iii.  506  ;  iv.  189,  241,  271.) 

Before  quitting  the  subject  of  Sir  Francis 
Drake's  first  marriage,  and  while  giving  my  best 
thanks  to  your  correspondent  for  his  conclusive 
answer  to  my  inquiry,  I  should  like  to  correct  a 
mistake  into  which  he  has  inadvertently  fallen. 

I  have  not  applied  a  single  epithet  of  disparage- 
ment to  Saltash.  An  ancient  borough,  and  pos- 
sessed of  important  jurisdiction,  it  was,  as  he  says, 
a  town  of  some  consequence  in  Drake's  time. 
But  what  then  ?  There  is  no  more  connection 
between  Saltash  and  the  "out-of-the-way  and 
humble  village"  of  which  I  spoke,  than  there  is 
between  Westminster  and  Bermondsey  :  for,  simi- 
larly, the  two  places  lie  actually  in  different 
counties,  and  on  contrary  sides  of  the  dividing 
river.  It  was  at  St.  Budeaux,  in  Devonshire, 
and  not  at  Saltash,  in  Cornwall,  that  Drake  mar- 
ried Mary  Newman.  At  St.  Budeaux,  some 
thirteen  and  a  half  years  later,  Mary  Drake  was 
buried.  It  is  quite  needless  to  appeal  to  any 
resident  in  "  the  three  towns  "  for  a  confirmation 
of  the  statement  how  exactly  the  description — 
"out-of-the-way  and  humble" — fits  St.  Budeaux; 
or  of  the  assertion,  that  the  village  retains  no 
traces  of  having  been  other  than  what  it  is  at  the 
present  day — an  obscure  and  retired  spot. 

No  Englishman,  and  especially  no  west  country- 
mac,  can  fail  to  regard  Sir  Francis  Drake  as  one 
of  the  foremost  heroes  in  our  annals ;  and  yet 
this  confessedly  great  man  may  not  unjustly  be 
thought  to  fall  somewhat  short  of  absolute  per- 
fection. In  the  minute  portrait  of  Drake's  cha- 


racter, drawn  by  a  contemporary  hand,  an  ardent 
love  of  home  is  not,  I  believe,*  one  of  the  qualities 
with  which  the  Admiral  is  accredited.  Your  cor- 
respondent is  a  little  hard  upon  me,  when  he 
asserts  that  there  is  absolutely  no  support  for  my 
remarks  to  the  effect,  that  Drake's  heart  was  so 
much  absorbed  in  his  enterprises  as  to  induce  the 
idea  that  he  sat  loosely  to  the  ties  of  married 
life.  On  this  point  your  correspondent  shall  an- 
swer himself.  With  reference  to  my  note,  that 
Drake's  marriage  took  place  July  4,  1569,  he 
says : — 

"  He  [Drake]  seems  to  have  snatched  a  temporary 
comfort  in  matrimony.  I  say  'temporary  comfort,'  be- 
cause, in  the  autumn  of  the  same  year  (1569),  he  made  a 
secret  voyage  to  the  West  Indies ;  and  repeated  it  twice 
in  the  following  year,  '  to  gain  intelligence '  of  his  ene- 
mies .  .  .  ." 

I  may  be  imagining  too  high  a  standard  of  con- 
jugal affection  ;  but  (I  ask  any  impartial  person) 
do  these  voyages,  waiting  so  immediately  on  mar- 
riage, indicate  the  ardour  of  a  bridegroom,  or 
even  the  ordinary  attachment  to  home  of  a  hus- 
band ?  Are  they  not  rather  signs  of  a  master 
passion — of  that  high-souled  courage,  and  that 
indomitable  energy,  which  conquered  fortune  and 
won  an  everlasting  fame  ?  When  to  Drake's 
frequent  and  prolonged  absences  is  added  the 
fact  of  his  wife  having  lived  (in  St.  Budeaux 
village,  as  far  as  we  can  judge,)  so  obscurely  as 
to  have  slipped  out  of  memory  altogether,  and 
superadded  the  existence  of  a  local  tradition, 
which  points  at  a  woman  left  in  lengthened  un- 
certainty of  her  husband's  fate,  I  think  that  my 
"  insinuation "  cannot  be  called  quite  baseless. 
With  every  respect  for  your  correspondent's 
opinions,  I  may  observe  that  the  data  on  which 
to  found  an  estimate  of  Drake's  character  are 
sufficiently  patent  to  account  for,  if  not  to  justify, 
diverse  conclusions.  But,  although  I  have  ven- 
tured to  speculate  on  a  particular  topic,  I  am  not 
a  whit  the  less  sincere  in  my  admiration  of  the 
many  rare  gifts  that  so  pre-eminently  distinguished 
this  brave  and  magnanimous  sea-king. 

JOHN  A.  C.  VINCENT. 
Plymouth. 

Since  my  Note  to  you  (ante  p.  272)  respecting 
Sir  F.  Drake,  I  have  been  looking  over  my  notes 
respecting  Plymouth,  and  I  find  that  I  have  the 
following  :  — 

«  25th  January,  1582.  The  Lady  Marie,  the  wife  of  Sir 
Francis  Drake,  Knt.,  buried." 

The  words  in  italics  are  in  red  ink.  This  is  an 
extract  from  the  register  of  St.  Andrew's  church, 
Plymouth;  which  registers  commence  the  year 
previous,  viz.  1581.  How  can  the  entry  of 
burial  be  recorded  as  above  as  well  as  at  St. 


*  As  well  as  my  memory  serves  me,  for  I  have  here  no 
books  to  refer  to. 


3«»  S.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


331 


Budeaux,  as  your  correspondent  J.  A.  C.  VIN- 
CENT, states?  Were  such  double  entries  common 
in  former  days  ?  And  if  so,  can  any  other  in- 
stance be  pointed  out  ?  Lysons's  Devon  (p.  89) 
says  St.  Budeaux  is  a  daughter  church  to  St. 
Andrew's,  Plymouth.  As  the  entry  is  so  pecu- 
liarly written  in  the  St.  Andrew's  register,  I 
should  think  it  most  probable  that  the  body  of 
the  Lady  Marie  was  there  interred.  Can  her 
tomb  or  grave  be  pointed  out  in  either  church  or 
yard?  G.  P. 

ST.  ANTHONY  OF  PADUA  PREACHING  TO 
THE  FISHES. 

(3rd  S.  iv.  289.) 

Though  I  have  many  works  on  the  Lives  and 
Legends  of  the  Saints,  I  find  the  sermon  of  St. 
Anthony  of  Padua  to  the  fishes  given  at  length 
in  only  one,  which  is  in  Portuguese,  with  the  fol- 
lowing title :  — 

"  Flos  Santorum,  Historia  das  Vidas  e  obras  insignes 
dos  Santos.  Pelo  Padre  Frey  Diogo  do  Rosario  da  Or- 
dem  dos  Pregadores.  Em  Lisboa,  1620." 
But  as  this  saint  was  a  native  of  Lisbon,  and  is 
so  highly  venerated  in  Portugal,  a  lengthened 
detail  of  his  life  and  miracles  would  be  most  likely 
to  be  given  in  a  Portuguese  work  of  saints'  lives. 
The  account  states  that  the  saint,  preaching  at 
Rimini,  and  being  unable  to  make  any  impression 
upon  several  heretics  there,  walked  down  to  the 
sea,  and  called  upon  the  fishes  to  come  and  hear 
the  word  of  God,  since  those  men  refused  to  listen 
to  him.  A  multitude  of  large  and  small  fishes 
immediately  raised  their  heads  out  of  the  water, 
and  arranged  themselves  in  order  before  the  saint, 
•who  preached  to  them  in  these  words,  which  I 
translate  from  the  Portuguese  work :  — 

"  My  brethren  ye  fishes,  you  are  under  a  great  obliga- 
tion to  return  thanks  to  our  Lord,  as  far  as  you  are  capa- 
ble, for  he  is  your  Creator,  and  you  are  his  creatures,  who 
have  received  from  his  hand  being  and  life,  and  also 
so  noble  an  element  for  you  to  live  in;  and  that  you 
hare  sweet  and  salt  waters  according  as  he  has  dis- 
posed them  for  you.  He  has  also  given  yon  many 
places  where  you  can  escape  the  fury  of  tempests, 
and  provided  tbat  your  element  should  be  transpa- 
rent and  clear,  so  that  you  may  better  see  the  ways  by 
which  you  have  to  go  and  to  come,  and  the  inconvenien- 
ces which  you  have  to  avoid.  Also  that  he  has  provided 
you  with  fins,  and  power  to  move  in  what  direction  you 
please.  You,  at  the  creation  of  the  world,  were  blessed 
by  God,  and  through  his  blessing  you  received  power  to 
multiply.  You,  at  the  deluge  which  destroyed  so  many 
living  creatures,  were  preserved  without  any  destruction. 
To  you  it  was  committed  to  preserve  the  prophet  Jonas, 
and  after  the  third  day  to  cast  him  upon  the  land  sound 
and  safe.  You  paid  the  tax  and  tribute  for  our  Lord 
Jesus  Christ  when  living  as  a  poor  man  upon  earth,  he 
had  not  wherewith  to  pay,  offering  in  your  mouth  pay 
for  Christ  and  St.  Peter.  You,  before  and  after  the  re- 
surrection, were  eaten  by  the  eternal  King  Jesus  Christ ; 
so  that  for  these  and  many  other  things  you  are  bound  to 
praise  and  glorify  God." 


At  these  and  other  words  of  the  saint,  the  fishes 
opened  their  mouths,  and  gave  signs  of  joy;  all 
bowing  their  heads,  and  praising  God  in  the  best 
manner  they  could ;  and,  after  receiving  the  holy 
man's  blessing,  they  replunged  into  the  deep. 
The  miracle  led  to  the  conversion  of  all  those  who 
before  had  obstinately  refused  to  listen  to  the 
saint.  F.  C.  H. 

I  cannot  at  this  moment  refer  to  an  authen- 
tic copy  of  this  sermon ;  but  ME.  D ALTON  will 
find  a  description   of  the  congregation  in  Des 
Knaben  Wunderhorn,  and  moreover  distinct  evi- 
dence of  the  excellent  frame  of  mind  with  which 
it  was  received  by  each  individual  of  it.     What 
gives  an  air  of  truthfulness  to  the  story  is,  that 
the  sermon  seems  to  have  had  precisely  the  effect 
of  two-thirds  of  those  of  our  own  day  :  — 
"  Die  Predigt  geendet, 
Ein  jedes  sich  wendet : 
Die  Hechten  bleiben  Diebe, 
Die  Aale  viel  lieben. 

Die  Predigt  hat  gefallen, 
Sie  bleiben  wie  alle. 
"  Die  Krebs  gehn  zuriicko, 
Die  Stockfisch  bleiben  dicke, 
Die  Karpfen  viel  fressen, 
Die  Predigt  vergessen. 

Die  Predigt  hat  gefallen, 
Sie  bleiben  wie  alle." 

G.  H.  KlNGSLEV. 


The  sermon  will  be  found  in  Addison's  Travels 
in  Italy.  Salvator  Rosa's  fine  picture  on  this  sub- 
ject is  in  Earl  Spencer's  collection  at  Althorpe, 
Northamptonshire.  (Vide  Moule's  Heraldry  of 
Fish,  p.  289.)  JOHN  WOODWARD. 

New  Shoreham. 

Let  me  inform  MB.  D  ALTON  that  there  is  a  ver- 
sion of  St.  Anthony's  sermon  to  the  fish  in  the 
4th  chap,  of  part  ii.  of  a  book  much  read  in  Wales, 
and  entitled,  Drych  y  Prif-Oesoedd,  or  View  of 
the  Primitive  Ages,  by  Theophilus  Evans,  a  Breck- 
nockshire vicar,  where  it  is  quoted  as  from  Ad- 
dison's Travels  into  Italy,  p.  26.  If  ME,  D ALTON 
cannot  procure  this  last  work,  which  of  course 
will  bring  him  one  step  nearer  to  the  original  Ita- 
lian, I  will  translate  the  discourse  as  it  stands 
in  the  Welsh,  and  forward  it  to  "  N.  &  Q." 

I  can  assure  your  readers  that  the  saint  im- 
proved the  occasion  to  the  utmost,  and  displayed 
in  a  wonderful  degree  the  power,  so  rare  among 
modern  homilists,  of  exactly  adapting  his  ideas 
and  expression  to  the  intelligence  and  circum- 
stances of  his  audience.  It  is  quite  a  model  of  a 
practical  sermonette  (for  it  is  by  no  means  lengthy), 
ind  must  have  gone  straight  home  to  the  hearts 
of  the  hearers. 

It  does  begin  "Dearly  beloved  Fish,"  and  it 
ends  with  an  injunction  to  the  finny  congrega- 


332 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63. 


tion,  "  though  they  cannot  sound  forth  the  glory 
of  God  with  their  tongues  to  express  their  rever- 
ence in  the  best  way  they  are  able,  namely,  by 
bobbing  their  heads."  This  they  did,  and  dispersed 
in  the  most  orderly  manner. 

I  await  the  expression  of  ME.  DALTON'S  wishes 
and  your  own.  G.  C.  GELBART. 


BED-GOWN  AND  NIGHT-DRESS. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  246.) 

The  circumstances  described  by  Fielding  (Joseph 
Andrews,  bk.  i.  chap,  v.)  imply  that  Lady  Booby 
had  some  dress  on,  and  that  the  word  naked  is  not 
to  be  taken  absolutely  but  relatively ;  which  is 
confirmed  by  the  description  of  Parson  Adams 
(bk.  iv.  chap,  xiv.),  who  is  said  to  be  naked  whilst 
he  is  "  standing  in  his  shirt."  The  same  chapter, 
in  describing  Didapper's  adventure,  distinguishes 
the  shirt  from  the  night  or  dressing  gown,  and  we 
may  infer  from  its  diamond  buttons  and  laced 
ruffles  that  he  slept  in  his  day  shirt.  The  night- 
gown of  Fielding  was  probably  the  modern  dress- 
ing-gown, as  appears  from  John  Evelyn  (died 
1706),  who,  in  describing  "  ladies  dresses,"  says : — 

"'Twice  twelve  day-smocks  of  Holland  fine, 
With  cambric  sieves,  rich  point  to  joyn 
(For  she  despises  Colbertine). 
Twelve  more  for  night,  all  Flanders  lac'd, 
Or  else  she'll  think  herself  disgrac'd. 
The  same  her  night-gown  must  adorn, 
With  two  point  waistcoats  for  the  morn." 

The  night-gown  was  called  also  night-rail ;  the 
word  rail,  according  to  Home  Tooke,  being  Anglo- 
Saxon  for  to  cover,  to  cloak,  thus  carrying  back 
its  use  many  centuries ;  but  rail  was  not  appro- 
priated to  night-dress  exclusively.  It  was  worn 
at  day  time  also  in  the  streets,  in  the  reign  of 
Anne  :  — 

"  Amongst  many  other  ridiculous  fashions  that  pre- 
vailed in  this  country,  since  the  reign  of  Queen  Anne, 
was  that  of  the  ladies  wearing  bed-gowns  in  the  streets 
about  forty  years  ago.  The  canaille  of  Dublin  were  so 
disgusted  with  this  fashion,  or  perhaps  deemed  it  so  pre- 
judicial to  trade,  that  they  tried  every  expedient  to 
abolish  it.  They  insulted  in  the  streets  and  public  places 
those  ladies  who  complied  with  it,  and  ridiculed  it  in 
ballads.  But  the  only  expedient  that  proved  effectual 
was,  the  prevailing  on  an  unfortunate  female,  who  had 
been  condemned  for  a  murder,  to  appear  at  the  place  of 
execution  in  a  bed-gown."  (Walker's  Historical  Memoirs 
of  the  Irish  Bards,  1818.) 

Although  women  wore  night-rails,  the  men  did 
not  in  Middleton's  time,*  for  in  his  Mayor  of 
Quinborough  it  is  said,  "  Books  in  women's  hands 
are  as  much  against  the  hair,  methinks,  as  to  see 
men  wear  stomachers  or  night-railes."  (Fairholt, 
Costume  in  England,  p.  570.) 

The  night-shirt  or  bed-gown  was  distinct  from 
the  dressing-gown,  for  Louis  XIV.  (1643-1715), 


*  Elizabeth,  James  I.,  and  Charles  I. 


on  retiring,  was  presented  by  the  Dauphin  with 
his  "  chemise  de  nuit,"  which  was  aired  by  a  valet 
of  the  wardrobe,  and  his  majesty  then  rose  out  of 
his  chair  to  put  on  his  robe  de  chambre,  bowing 
to  his  courtiers  as  the  signal  for  their  dismissal. 
In  the  morning  after  breakfasting,  Louis  took  off 
his  morning  gown  (robe  de  chambre),  and  the 
Marquis  de  la  Salle  assisted  him  in  taking  off 
his  night-vest  (chemise  de  nuit)  by  the  left-hand, 
while  Bontemps  was  similarly  employed  on  the 
right.  (Penny  Mag.  1841,  p.  34,  35.) 

Lord  Hervey,  in  describing  the  bedding  of  the 
Prince  of  Orange  with  the  eldest  daughter  of 
George  II.  says  (Memoirs,  i.  310)  :  — 

"  But  when  he  was  undressed,  and  came  in  his  night- 
gown and  night-cap  into  the  room  to  go  to  bed,  the  ap- 
pearance he  made  was  as  indescribable  as  the  astonished 
countenances  of  everybody  who  beheld  him.  From  the 
shape  of  his  brocaded  gown,  and  the  make  of  his  back, 
he  looked  behind  as  if  he  had  no  head,  and  before  as  if  he 
had  no  neck  and  no  legs." 

In  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  (April,  1736,  vi. 
231),  the  marriage  of  her  brother,  the  father  of 
George  III.  is  thus  described  :  — 

"  Their  majesties  retiring  to  the  apartments  of  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  the  bride  was  conducted  to  her  bed- 
chamber, and  the  bridegroom  to  his  dressing-room,  when 
the  Duke  undressed  him,  and  his  Majesty  did  his  Royal 
Highness  the  honour  to  put  on  his  shirt.  The  bride  was 
undressed  by  the  Princesses ;  and  being  in  bed  in  a  rich 
undress,  his  Majesty  came  into  the  room,  and  the  Prince 
following  soon  after  in  a  night-gown  of  silver  stuff  and 
cap  of  the  finest  lace,  the  Quality  [nobility]  were  ad- 
mitted to  see  the  bride  and  bridegroom  sitting  up  in  the 
bed,  surrounded  by  all  the  royal  family.  His  majesty 
was  dressed  in  a  gold  brocade  turned  up  with  silk,  em- 
broidered with  large  flowers  in  silver  and  colours,  as  was 
the  waistcoat;  the  buttons  and  star  were  diamonds. 
Several  noblemen  were  in  gold  brocades  of  30(W.  to  500Z. 
a  suit." 

T.  J.  BOCKTON. 

Your  correspondent  W.  P.  will  find  many  refer- 
ences on  this  subject  in  Mr.  Halliwell's  Archaic 
Dictionary,  in  voce  "Naked  Bed."  To  these  I 
would  add  Othello,  IV.  1,  and  the  chapter  of  Joseph 
Andrews  succeeding  to  that  he  has  quoted  (vi.), 
p.  25.  (My  references  are  to  the  2nd  edition,  1742.) 
This  phrase  would  seem  to  have  lingered  much 
later  than  the  custom  which  occasioned  it.  Beau 
Didapper  retained  his  shirt  (vol.  ii.  p.  279), 
though  we  are  told  (p.  278)  that  he  had  "  disen- 
cumbered himself  from  the  little  clothes  he  had 
on " ;  and  Parson  Adams  was  endued  with  the 
same  garment  (p.  286),  though  he  had  "jumped 
out  of  bed  without  staying  to  put  a  rag  of  clothes 
on  "  (p.  279).  If  W.  P.  will  turn  up  his  Tristram 
Shandy,  at  the  scene  of  the  hero's  baptism  (ed. 
1761,  vol.  iv.  chap,  xiv),  he  will  find  additional 
proofs  that  at  least  as  far  back  as*  a  century  ago 
our  ancestors  had  attained  to  a  sleeping-dress. 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL 


S.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


333 


QUAINT  SURNAMES. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  163.) 

The  number  of  curious  surnames  5s  legion.  A 
pamphlet  of  twenty  or  thirty  pages,  in  which  every 
other  word  would  be  a  queer  surname,  might  be 
written.  But  these  sort  of  names,  like  most  things 
in  the  present  age  of  progress,  seldom  mean  what 
they  seem,  and  may  be  generally  accounted  for 
with  very  little  research.  Thus  in  such  names  as 
Image  and  Marriage,  the  last  syllable  is  from  wick, 
a  dwelling-place  ;  whilst  such  names  as  Balaam 
and  Sneezum  are  compounded  of  ham,  of  the  same 
meaning.  Death,  Dearth,  and  Dark  are  from 
De  Ath,  De  Arth,  and  D'Arques,  in  France. 
Bottle  is  from  the  Sax.  botl,  bold,  an  abode,  dwel- 
ling. Names  ending  in  sel,  sell,  said,  shull,  sole, 
halt,  all,  are  generally  from  the  Sax.  heal,  D.  hal, 
saal,  G.  saal,  Dan.  and  Sw.  sal,  Fr.  salle,  It.  Sp. 
sola,  all  from  the  L.  aula,  Gr.  <xi5\^.  Cf.  the  sur- 
names Bentall,  Bramhall,  Counsell,  Gomersall, 
Mansell,  Minshull,  Mothersole,  Plimsaul,  Plimp- 
sall,  Plimsol,  Plimsoll,  Shrubsole.  Grief  is  i.  q. 
Greave,  i.e.  Reeve,  from  the  Sax.  gerefa,  G.  graf, 
a  bailiff;  Comfort,  from  the  Cornish  cwm-vordh, 
the  great  way ;  Stiff  is  from  Stephen ;  Simper 
from  St.  Pierre ;  Rainbird  from  Rambert,  the 
inverse  of  Bertram,  by  corruption,  Bertrand. 
Tubb  and  Tubbs  may,  like  the  Cornwallian 
Tubby,  be  nicknames  of  Thomas  ;  Perfect  is  pro- 
bably from  some  place  named  Pierrefitte  in 
France;  Coward  is  doubtless  i.  q.  Goward,  a 
patronymic  of  Gow  or  Gough,  from  the  W.  gof, 
a  smith  ;  and  Cobbell  is  a  diminutive  of  Cobb.  I 
take  it  that  Bugg  is  i.  q.  Bach,  from  G.  bach,  a 
brook,  or  backe,  a  hill ;  hence,  as  French  diminu- 
tives, Bacot,  Bacon,  by  corruption,  Buggin.  Sig, 
Sigg,  Seak,  Sug,  in  names  of  Gotho-Teutonic 
origin,  is  generally  =  to  the  Greek  VIK  in  Ni- 
cander,  and  the  Latin  vie  in  Victoria;  and  is 
derived  from  the  A.-S.  sige,  O.-N.  sigr,  vic- 
tory; hence  Segar,  Sigar,  Siggers,  Seager,  Sugar, 
Sigbert,  Sigmund,  Sigismund,  Sigrist,  Sigwin, 
Seakins,  i.  q.  Siggins.  Stott  may  be  from  slot,  a 
horse ;  in  the  Scottish,  a  young  bullock,  a  steer, 
from  the  Sax.  stotte ;  hence  Stotter  may  mean 
one  who  has  the  charge  of  stots;  hence  also  as 
patronymics,  Stoddard,  var.  Stoddart,  Stodhart, 
Stothard,  Stothert,  Stothurd,  Studdard,  Stuttard. 
Although  we  have  many  names  from  beasts,  and 
some  few  from  birds,  I  doubt  much  whether  we  j 
have  a  single  one  from  the  finny  tribe,  notwith- 
standing the  existence  of  some  forty  names  which 
would  appear  to  be  so  derived.  Tims  Dace  is  i.  q. 
Days,  i.  e.  David's;  Roach  means  a  rock ;  Whale  is 
a  foreigner ;  Turbot  is  for  Tebbut,  corrupted  from 
Theobald;  Gudgeon,  .Sturgeon,  and  Mullet  are 
diminutives  of  Gouge,  Sturge,  and  Mull;  and 
Chabot  is  another  diminutive.  Gurnard  and 
Pilchard  are  patronymics.  Dolphin  is  possibly  of  j 


Cornish  origin  ;  Burt  may  be  the  same  as  Bright, 
and  Wilks  is  from  Wilkins,  a  diminutive  of  Will ; 
Maid  is  doubtless  the  same  as  Mead  and  Meadow. 
Jack  is  not  from  Jacques,  as  some  assert,  but  from 
Jannock,  a  diminutive  of  Jan,  i.  e.  John ;  Luce 
seems  to  be  from  Lucius ;  Eel  is  probably  from  Eli ; 
and  Tench  is  doubtless  the  same  as  Dench,  and 
the  Gaelic  name  Tainsh  ;  Par  is  from  Pierre, 
whilst  Herring  and  Whiting  are  either  patrony- 
mics, or  compounded  of  ing,  a  meadow.  Among 
very  many  names  relating  to  the  medical  world 
we  have  Bark,  Bowell,  Brain,  Fever,  Glister, 
Gumboil,  Lance,  Lancet,  Morter,  Motion,  Pestel, 
Physick,  Pill,  Plaster,  Truss,  Whitlow.  Brain  is 
corrupted  from  an  Irish  name ;  Bowell  is  pro- 
bably i.  q.  Powell,  i.  e.  Ap-Howell ;  Fever  is 
the  same  as  the  Fr.  name  Le  Fevre,  "  the  smith  "  ; 
Motion  is  a  diminutive  (perhaps  of  Mote  or 
Mott)  ;  Gumboil  is  corrupted  from  the  German 
name  Gumpold  or  Gumbold ;  Physick  is  from  a 
Cornish  local  name ;  Pill  is  the  same  as  the  Peck- 
sniffian  name  Peel,  signifying  a  fortification  ;  Truss 
is  probably  from  Theresa,  and  Whitlow  may  mean 
the  white  mound.  R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 


DON  QUIXOTE. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  227.) 

Your  reference  to  the  new  Catalogue  of  the 
Library  of  the  British  Museum  has  probably  put 
CANON  D ALTON  in  the  way  of  obtaining  the  in- 
formation sought  for  in  the  queries  above  quoted, 
but  the  following  jottings  may  possibly  supply  an 
occasional  fact  otherwise  overlooked.  CANON 
D ALTON  asks  in  the  first  place  for  the  titles  and 
dates  of  the  Latin,  Danish,  and  Portuguese  trans- 
lations of  Don  Quixote.  The  title  and  date  of 
the  Portuguese  version  are  given  in  Brunet  (new 
ed.  p.  1750)  as  follows :  — 

"  O  ENGENHOSO  fidalgo  D.  Quixote  de  la  Mancha, 
traduzido  em  vulgar.  Lisboa,  1803,  6  vols.  in-8." 

This  is  probably  a  reprint  of  the  Portuguese 
translation  mentioned  by  Navarrete,  the  title  of 
which  he  gives  more  fully :  — 

"  O  engenhoso  Fidalgo  Dom  Quixote  de  la  Mancha. 
tor  Miguel  de  Cervantes  Saavedra.  Traduzido  em 
vulgar.  Lisboa,  na  tipografia  Rollandiana,  1794.  6  tomos, 
8°." 

An  exceedingly  interesting  dramatic  version  in 
Portuguese,  of  Don  Quixote  is  given  in  the 
Teatro  Comico  Portuguez  of  the  unfortunate 
Antonio  Jose  da  Sylva  (Lisbon,  1759, 1. 1),  under 
the  following  title  :  — 

"  Vida  do  grande  D.  Quixote  de  la  Mancha,  E  do 
Gordo  Sancho  Panca,  que  se  representon  no  Theatre  do 
Bairro  Alto  de  Lisboa  no  mez  de  Outubro  de  1733." 

An  excellent  French  version  of  this  drama 
by  M.  Ferdinand  Denis  is  given  in  the  Chefs 
d'CEuvre  des  Theatres  E'trangers  (Paris,  1827). 


334 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3">  S.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63. 


For  the  biography  of  poor  Jose  da  Sylva  him- 
self, see  also  the  Resume  de  FHistoire  Litteraire 
du  Portugal  (Paris,  1826),  by  the  same  writer, 
and  the  Histoire  de  la  Litteruture  Bresilienne  of 
Ferdinand  Wolf,  which  has  been  just  published 
at  Berlin  by  that  indefatigable  Spanish  and  Por- 
tuguese scholar.  (Berlin,  1363,  p.  31.) 

As  to  the  Danish  translation,  it  would  appear 
from  Brunet  (p.  1754)  that  two  translations  of 
Don  Quixote  have  appeared  in  that  language ;  one 
by  C.  D.  Biehl,  Copenhagen,  1776,  4  vols.  in-8, 
and  another  by  F.  Schaldemose,  Copenhagen, 
1829-31,  4  vols.  in-8. 

Brunet  makes  no  mention  of  the  Latin  version, 
of  which  among  my  own  books  I  can  discover  no 
trace  except  what  may  be  inferred  from  the  pas- 
sage of  Ticknor  extracted  by  CANON  D  ALTON, 
and  the  following  reference  to  the  subject  by 
Navarrete  in  his  Life  of  Cervantes,  already 
quoted :  — 

„"  Algunos  curiosos  nos  ban  dado  noticia  de  una  traduc- 
cion  latina  del  Quijote  hecha  por  un  literato  aleman ;  de 
otra  en  lengua  danesa  por  una  dama  de  Copenhague,  y 
aun  de  algunos  en  Sueco  y  Ruso ;  pero  no  constandonos 
estos  hechos  per  noticias  tan  positives  como  las  que  hemos 
dado  anteriormente,  nos  parece  propio  manifestarlo  asi 
con  franqueza  para  satisfaccion  de  los  lectores." —  Vida  de 
Cervantes,  p.  529. 

With  regard  to  the  edition  of  Don  Quixote, 
published  at  Boston  in  1836  by  Francisco  Sales, 
it  is  evidently  an  educational  book  intended  for 
students,  the  notes  being  compiled  from  the  stan- 
dard Spanish  editions,  which  are  all  mentioned  by 
Mr.  Ticknor.  CANON  D ALTON  will  find  that  Mr. 
Sales  has  not  been  overlooked  by  the  distinguished 
author  of  the  History  of  Spanish  Literature,  if  he 
refers  to  vol.  ii.  p.  191  of  the  old  edition  of  that 
invaluable  work,  or  to  vol.  ii.  p.  229  of  the  new. 
Mr.  Ticknor,  speaking  of  Lope  de  Vega's  JEstreila 
de  Sevilla,  which  has  been  twice  reprinted  in  the 
United  States  by  Mr.  F.  Sales  (Boston,  1828,  and 
1840),  the  last  time,  he  says,  with  corrections 
kindly  furnished  by  Don  A.  Duran  of  Madrid, 
adds  the  following  interesting  remark  :  — 

"A  curious  fact  in  Spanish  bibliography,  and  one  that 
should  be  mentioned  to  the  honour  of  Mr.  Sales,  whose 
various  publications  have  done  much  to  spread  the  love 
of  Spanish  literature  in  the  United  States,  and  to  whom  I 
am  indebted  for  my  first  knowledge  of  it." 

The  copious  references  given  in  your  note  to 
CANON  DAI/TON'S  queries  relative  to  the  Rev. 
John  Bowie,  leave  little  to  be  added.  I  may  men- 
tion that  in  my  copy  of  the  remarkable  and  still 
valuable  edition  of  Don  Quixote  published  by  him 
(Salisbury,  1781,  3  vols.  4to),  the  name  of  his 
vicarage  is  given  "  Idemestone,"  and  not  "  Id- 
miston,'^as  at  present.  The  Anotaciones  a  Quixote 
(tome  iii.  p.  167),  are  thus  somewhat  curiously 
dated  and  signed :  — 

"  IDEMESTON,  en  su  Estudio, 

y  Octubre  26,  M.DCC.LXXX. 

"  JUAN  BOWLE." 


The  "  Tolondron.  Speeches  to  John  Boicle, 
about  his  edition  of  Don  Quixote,  together  with 
some  account  of  Spanish  Literature,"  by  Joseph 
Baretti,  London,  1786,  is  certainly  one  of  the  most 
whimsical  and  splenetic  of  satires.  It  commences 
with  the  following  Macaronic  verses,  which  may 
be  interesting  to  M.  Delepierre  :  — 

"  Ad  Doctum  MUordum.     Epistola  Cocaiana. 

"  O  Macaronei  Merlini,  care  Milorde,  '' ' 

Qui  joca  fautor  aiuas,  capriciosque  probas ! 
Cui,  debata  inter,  Parlamentique  facendas, 

Gustum  est  privatis  ludere  quisquiliis! 
Hunc  tibi  commendo,  preclare  Milorde,  libelluin 

Scarabochiatum  poco  labore  meo. 
Impertinenzas  narrat,  magnasque  bugias 

Commentatoris  serio-ridiculi ; 
Qui  multas  linguas  et  multa  idiomata  noscens, 

Nescit  quam  didicit  matris  ab  ore  puer. 
Qui  bravo  binas  Quixoto  prsescidit  aures, 

Nasum  Sanchoni  sanguineumque  dedit : 
Qui,  tamquam  sutor  veteramentarius  esset, 

Johnsono  impegit  scommata  foeda  sopho : 
Qui,  sine  vergognse  grano,  quasi  rana,  coaxat, 

Innocuas  operas  vilificando  meas." 

A  work  which  commences  so  singularly  is  kept 
up  for  338  pages  in  the  same  spirit,  and  terminates 
not  inconsistently  with  the  following  passage  :  — 

"  To  conclude  and  make  an  end  of  this  paltry  subject, 
I  now  pull  my  night-cap  off  my  white-haired  noddle,  and 
making  a  most  reverential  bow  to  Mr.  John  Bowie,  alias 
Querist,  alias  Anti-Janus,  alias  Izzard  Zed,  alias  Cog- 
lione,  alias  Jack,  alias  Tolondron,  and  wishing  a  merry 
Christmas  to  you  all,  there  goes  to  the  Devil  his  edition 
and  my  pen,  quite  worn  to  the  stump.  Valete  omnes." 
D.  F.  MAC-CAETHY. 

Dalkey. 

P.S.  I  forgot  to  add  in  the  proper  place  that 
CANON  DALTON  will  find,  at  p.  116  of  Prescott's 
Critical  and  Historical  Essays  (a  volume  which, 
it  may  be  noticed,  was  dedicated  to  Mr.  Ticknor), 
an  elaborate  criticism  on  the  American  edition  of 
Don  Quixote  by  Mr.  Sales,  which  gives  ample 
means  of  forming  an  opinion  as  to  its  "  merits  and 
character." 

EDWARD  HARLEY,  2ND  EARL  OF  OXFORD  (3rd  S. 
iv.  286.) — Your  correspondent  is  premature  in  stat- 
ing that  in  Mr.  Pinks's  History  of  Clerkenwell  no 
mention  is  made  of  the  earl's  residence  in  that 
parish,  inasmuch  as  only  about  half  of  the  History 
has  at  present  been  published.*  Mr.  Pinks  died 
before  his  work  was  finished,  and  left  the  whole 
of  his  MS.  in  a  very  confused  state.  I  commenced 
editing  it  after  the  first  chapter  had  appeared 
before  the  public  in  a  local  newspaper,  and  the 
illustrated  monthly  parts  had  been  promised.  I 
have  to  work  hard  to  get  each  number  ready  for 
the  press.  Many  matters  must  of  necessity  ap- 
pear in  an  appendix  to  the  History ;  amongst 

[*  Nevertheless,  the  account  of  Newcastle  House,  ac- 
companied with  an  engraving,  had  already  appeared  at 
pp.  97-101.— ED.] 


3rd  S.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


335 


them  will  be  particulars  of  the  Earl  of  Oxford.  I 
think  your  correspondent  is  right  in  his  conjec- 
ture that  the  earl's  residence  was  Newcastle 
House.  He  was  son-in-law  to  John  Holies,  Duke 
of  Newcastle.  But  more  of  this  in  my  appendix. 
THE  EDITOR  OF  The  History  of  Clerkemcell. 

"GOD   SAVE  THE    KlNG"    IN  CHURCH    (3rd  S.  iv. 

288.)  —  Many  years  since  I  used  to  be  an  occa- 
sional deputy  for  the  organist,  at  the  chapel  of  the 
Royal  Hospital,  Chelsea,  better  known  as  Chelsea 
College ;  and  it  was  then  the  custom  to  play  as  a 
concluding  voluntary,  every  Sunday  afternoon, 
five  verses;  or  "God  save  the  Queen,"  five  times 
repeated.  This  also  brings  to  my  recollection  a 
story  that  is  current  about  Danby,  the  glee  com- 
poser, who  often  officiated  at  Chelsea  College  as 
deputy-organist.  The  "  old  heathens,"  i.  e.  the 
pensioners,  as  the  Chaplain- General  Gleig  used  to 
term  them,  were  in  Danby's  time  much  addicted 
to  roaring  out  the  Old  Hundredth  psalm ;  five 
verses  being  regularly  sung  every  Sunday,  even 
down  to  the  time  when  I  played  there ;  and  as 
Danby  had  a  perfect  horror  of  the  Chelsea  vete- 
rans' melody,  he  invariably  played  the  first  verse 
in  A.  Then,  by  a  very  long  interlude  (all  the  organ 
music  used  to  be  long  in  the  College  Chapel,  there 
being  a  middle  voluntary  at  both  services  of  ten 
minutes  duration,  so  that  the  congregation  had 
ample  time  to  note  who  was  present,  and  stare  at 
each  other,)  he  managed  to  get  the  next  verse 
into  B  flat ;  another  interlude  landed  him  in  C, 
the  next  in  D,  and  the  last  and  fifth  in  E.  Danby 
well  knew  that  the  old  men  must  leave  off  long 
before  he  came  to  the  last  verse,  and  he  was  re- 
peatedly accosted  by  some  of  them ;  who  asked 
him,  "  How  it  was,  they  never  could  sing  more 
than  two  verses  of  the  tune  when  he  played?" 
To  which  he  invariably  made  one  reply  :  "  You 
all  are  so  fond  of  the  tune,  that  you  exert  your- 
selves too  much  ;  and  I  am  obliged  to  play  very 
long  interludes  to  give  you  breathing  time." 

M.  C. 

INNOCENTE  COAT  (3rd  S.  iv.  286)  is,  I  appre- 
hend, a  white  coat.  Convicts  going  to  be  hanged, 
and  who  protested  their  innocence  to  the  last, 
were  accustomed  to  wear  a  white  jerkin  (some- 
times a  nightgown)  in  addition  to  the  cap  and 
nosegay.  There  is  an  allusion  to  the  practice  in 
Peveril  of  the  Peak,  and  one  can  scarcely  under- 
stand how  Sir  Walter  could  have  jumped  so 
easily  at  the  conclusion,  that  "  innocente  "  meant 
"  mourning."  G.  A.  SALA. 

TERRIER  (3rd  S.  iv.  126,  300.)— In  old  sporting 
manuals,  all  dogs  taking  the  earth  are  mentioned 
as  "  terriers."  The  word  comes  to  us,  I  think, 
from  Normandy.  The  small  patrician-landholder, 
or  gentleman-farmer — a  class  almost  annihilated 
at  the  Great  Revolution  —  was  called  "  un  gen- 
tilhomme-terrier."  In  other  provinces  he  was 


termed  "  un  hobereau."  The  most  recent  in- 
stance within  my  observation  of  the  use  of  the 
first  title,  was  in  a  French  translation  of  M.  Ivan 
Tourgenieff's  Scenes  from  Russian  Life.  The  mid- 
dle class  Russian  landholder  (of  noble  blood 
however)  was  there  rendered  as  "gentilhomme 
terrier."  G.  A.  SALA. 

Bailey  give?,  as  the  primary  sense  of  the  word 
in  its  hunting  relation,  the  hole  itself;  and  hence 
the  dog  who  drags  the  beast  out  of  it. 

What  is  the  derivation  of  the  name  of  our  old 
friend  Dog  Tray  ?  so  familiar  to  our  childhood, 
and  now  again  revived.  May  it  not  be  a  corrup- 
tion of  "  terri,"  which  name  occurs  accompanying 
a  small  hound  couched  at  the  feet  of  Lady  Cassy^ 
on  her  brass  at  Deerhurst  ?  VEBNA. 

SKETCHING  CJLUB  OR  SOCIETY  (3rd  S.  iv.  248.) 
There  is  in  this  county  an  Anastatic  Drawing 
Society.  The  subscription  is  10s.  per  annum,  and 
each  member  has  a  book  of  original  drawings 
(multiplied  by  the  Anastatic  printing  process) 
annually.  The  Secretary  is  the  Rev.  J.  M. 
Gresley,  Over-seile,  Ashby- de-la- Zouch,'^who  will, 
I  am  sure,  gladly  give  every  particular.  " 

T.  NORTH. 

Leicester. 

I  beg  to  thank  *  *  *  for  noticing  my  query  re- 
specting the  Sketching  Society,  but  it  was  not  my 
intention  that  the  members  should  adjourn  to  the 
country  or  locate  in  any  fixed  spot  in  the  summer. 
What  gave  rise  to  the  society  in  my  mind  was  the 
fact,  that  some  years  ago  there  was  a  society  com- 
posed of  a  few  members  who  would  meet  occa- 
sionally at  each  others'  houses,  and  spend  the 
evening  in  the  execution  of  some  drawing,  the 
whole  of  those  produced  to  be  the  property  of  the 
host.  This  might  not  be  practicable  now  for  want 
of  room,  if  the  thing  was  carried  out  to  any  ex- 
tent, but  instead  of  meeting  at  private  houses,  a 
room  could  be  engaged,  which  would  answer  the 
purpose.  A  few  years  since  there  was  an  amateur 
exhibition  annually  in  Pall  Mall,  and  I  well  re- 
member some  of  the  drawings  being  of  a  first-class 
character :  how  has  this  not  been  continued  ?  pro- 
bably for  want  of  funds.  Why  not  then  institute 
the  society  again,  and  have  a  small  subscription  to 
pay  the  expenses  of  the  room  annually  ?  I  merely 
throw  these  hints  out  in  the  event  of  some  one, 
having  the  time  to  spare,  devoting  himself  to  the 
work  of  reorganising  the  society,  which  would 
certainly  be  the  means  of  cultivating  a  taste  for 
the  fine  arts,  and  promote  a  good  fueling  among 
many  amateur  artists.  E.  ROBERTS. 

EXECUTIONS  FOR  MURDER  (3rd  S.  iv.  268.)  — 
Your  correspondent  J.  P.  D.  will  find  a  clue  to 
the  information  he  seeks  by  consulting  the  Judi- 
cial Statistics,  annually  presented  to  Parliament. 
I  believe  the  form  of  making  the  returns  has  been 


336 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63. 


altered  more  than  once  within  the  years  named, 
1839  to  1862  ;  but  in  the  one  now  before  me  for 
1861,  the  particulars  of  the  fifteen  cases  in  that 
year,  where  executions  followed  the  capital  con- 
victions, are  given,  viz.  the  county,  the  name  and 
age  of  the  condemned,  and  particulars  of  the 
murder.  I  have  not  access  at  this  moment  to  the 
returns  for  the  previous  years  ;  but  J.  P.  D.  will 
find  the  two  murders  of  police  constables  he 
names  as  occurring  in  East  Suffolk,  quite  excep- 
tional cases.  In  1861,  there  was  no  capital  con- 
viction, I  believe,  for  the  murder  of  a  police 
officer :  certainly  no  execution  for  such  offence. 
The  papers  may  be  consulted  at  the  British 
Museum;  or  purchased  for  a  small  sum  at  the 
office  for  the  sale  of  Parliamentary  papers,  West- 
minster. 

There  were  fifteen  executions  in  1861  :  four- 
teen for  murder,  and  one  for  an  attempt  to 
murder.  This  latter  is  the  only  case  in  which 
the  extreme  penalty  has  been  inflicted  for  twenty- 
one  years,  where  the  murder  has  not  been  ac- 
tually accomplished ;  and  is  the  last  that  can  take 
place  for  less  than  murder,  as  the  alteration  of 
the  law  which  came  into  operation  on  the  1st  of 
November,  1861,  virtually  abolishes  the  punish- 
ment of  death  for  all  offences  but  treason  and 
murder.  The  one  case  referred  to  was  for  a  very 
brutal  attempt  to  murder ;  that  of  Martin  Doyle, 
aged  twenty-six.  He  attempted  to  murder  a 
woman  with  whom  he  cohabited ;  but  she  sur- 
vived, and  was  the  means  of  convicting  her 
assailant. 

The  returns  of  commitments  and  convictions, 
&c.,  were  known  at  one  time  as  Redgrave's 
Tables ;  and  this  will  be  sufficient  to  indicate  the 
sources  from  which  J.  P.  D.  may  gather  the  in- 
formation he  seeks.  T.  B. 

Your  correspondent  will  have  some  difficulty  in 
obtaining  all  the  information  he  desires,  but  as 
far  as  his  queries  relate  to  the  general  subject  of 
convictions  and  executions  in  Great  Britain  and 
Ireland,  he  will  find  full  statistics,  from  1828  to  the 
present  time,  in  the  Companion  to  the  British  Al- 
manac, 1828  to  1863.  D.  M.  STEVENS. 

BERNARD  GATES,  TUNER  OF  THE  EEGALS  (3rd 
S.  iv.  204.) — The  re^als  was  a  small  portable 
organ  much  used  during  the  fifteenth  and  six- 
teenth centuries.  The  instrument  belonging  to 
the  royal  chapel,  being  carried  with  the  other 
chapel  furniture  from  place  to  place  on  every 
removal  of  the  sovereign,  was  no  doubt  in  fre- 
quent need  of  tuning,  and  hence  the  appointment 
of  a  "  Tuner  of  the  Regals."  The  office  of  tuner 
was  continued  long  after  the  instrument  was  dis- 
used, but  was  abolished,  I  believe,  about  seventy 
or  eighty  years  since.  It  is  probable  that  after 
the  office  became  a  sinecure  the  appointment  was 
given  to  some  other  officer  of  the  chapel  as  a 


means  of  increasing  his  salary ;  like  as  the  office 
of  Lutenist  was  for  a  long  series  of  years  after 
the  duties  ceased  held  by  the  Master  of  the 
Children. 

Will  MR,  WING  kindly  oblige  me  with  a  copy 
of  the  inscription  on  the  tablet  in  North  Aston 
church  "  to  the  memory  of  Bernard  Gates,  the 
musical  composer  "  ?  I  am  desirous  of  knowing 
what  relationship  existed  between  him  and  Ber- 
nard Gates,  Gentleman,  and  Master  of  the  Chil- 
dren of  the  Chapel-royal,  who  died  November  15, 
1773,  aged  88,  and  was  buried  in  the  cloisters  of 
Westminster  Abbey.  W.  H.  HUSK. 

ST.  LUKE,  THE  PATRON  OF  PAINTERS  (3rd  S.  iii. 
188,  234,  274;  iv.  220.)— It  is  stated  in  Loretto 
and  Nazareth,  two  Lectures  by  William  Anthony 
Hutchinson,  Priest  of  the  Order,  1863,  that  the 
blessed  Virgin  Mary  once  appeared  to  a  certain 
Alexander  de  Georgio,  the  Curate  of  the  Paro- 
chial Church  of  St.  George  at  Tersatto,  and  told 
him,  among  other  things  relating  to  the  holy  house 
at  Loretto,  that  the  cedar  statue  preserved  therein 
was  an  image  of  herself,  made  by  St.  Luke  the 
Evangelist.  In  Feb.  1797  the  Commissaries  of 
the  French  Directory  seized  upon  this  relic  and 
removed  it  to  Paris.  In  the  French  Catalogue  it 
was  described  "  as  a  statue  of  some  eastern  wood, 
and  as  belonging  to  the  Egyptian- Jewish  school." 

This  image  was  restored  to  the  Church  of  Lo- 
retto in  1802,  and  is  now  an  object  of  much  super- 
stitious reverence.  See  pp.  7,  43. 

LUCY  PEACOCK. 

Bottesford  Manor. 

ARMS  OF  MILAN  (3rd  S.  iv.  210.)  — The  arms 
of  the  Duchy  of  Milan  are,  Argent,  a  thrice  bent 
serpent  azure,  crowned,  with  a  child  gules  in  its 
jaws.  This  is  from  the  description  of  a  coin  of 
Maria  Theresa  (1778)  in  Dr.  L.  Fliessbach's 
Miintzsammlung  seit  dent  Westph'dlischen  Frieden 
bis  zum  1800,  &c.  These  are  the  present  arms 
of  Milan,  for  I  remember  seeing  them  painted  in 
the  Exhibition.  I  suppose  the  ancient  arms  were 
the  same,  although  curiously  enough,  my  Nilrn- 
berg  Wappenbuch  (1605)  does  not  give  them, 
perhaps  because  it  did  not  consider  Milan  German, 
then  being  under  Spanish  rule. 

JOHN  DAVIDSON. 

UM-ELIA  :  AMELIA  (3rd  S.  iv.  270.)— The  state- 
ment that  the  mother  always  takes,  in  the  East, 
the  name  of  her  first-born  with  the  prefix  um, 
mother,  is  evidently  a  mistake.     It  is  not  taking 
a  new  proper  name,  but  only  a  new  character, 
that  of  a  mother ;  as  we  speak  of  the  mother  of 
j  Wellington,  Buonaparte,  Newton,  &c.    The  state- 
j  ment,  however,  if  not  generally  true,  is  so  in  par- 
j  ticular  instances  where  the  distinction  of  the  son 
1  may  give  a  new  name  to  the  mother  — as  Saba 
was  named  Um-khalid.     (Stanley's    Sinai,  271.) 
It  is  certainly  so  as  respects  the  father,  who  is 


.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


337 


sometimes  best  or  only  known  by  his  son's  name, 
with  the  prefix  aboo,  father.  Thus  we  have, 
Aboo-taleb,  Aboo'1-feda,  Aboo-beker,  Aboo'l- 
kasem,  Aboo-omrabbin,  Aboo-omar,  &c.  Like 
instances  occur  in  Hebrew^names.  See  a  judi- 
cious article,  "  Name,"  by  Ewald,  in  Kitto's 
Biblical  Cyclopcedia.  The  Arabs  give  to  their 
boys  usually  the  names  of  Mahomet,  or  some  of 
his  family  or  companions  ;  of  some  of  the  early 
patriarchs  and  prophets  (Abraham,  Isaac,  David, 
Solomon,  &c.)  ;  and  lastly,  names  formed  from 
the  attributes  of  God.  Girls  are  mostly  named 
after  the  wives  of  Mahomet,  and  others  of  his 
family  ;  and  are  sometimes  distinguished  as  "  be- 
loved," "blessed,"  "precious,"  &c.,  and  sometimes 
by  the  name  of  a  flower,  or  other  pleasing  object 
(Lane's  Mod.  Egypt,  i.  78).  Emma,  Emily,  and 
Amelia,  belong  not  to  the  Shemitic,  but  to  the 
Indo-European  family  of  languages. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

However  possible  your  correspondent's  theory 
may  be  regarding  some  of  our  English  names, 
yet  respecting  the  one  in  question  it  is  powerless  : 
for  Amelia  is,  without  doubt,  the  feminine  of 
.ZEmilius  ;  which,  so  thoroughly  Roman,  can,  I 
think,  never  have  been  derived  from  the  Saracens. 

JEAN  Y  -  . 

ROBERT  DAVENPORT  (3rd  S.  iv.  291.)  —  As  D. 
DALB  asked  where  f  it  may  be  as  well  to  add  to 
the  interesting  information  contained  in  the  sub- 
joined reply,  that  in  Dodsley's  Old  Plays,  vol.  xi. 
p.  263,  several  particulars  in  text  and  notes  are 

§  leaned,  regarding  which  references  are  given. 
ome  statements  are  there  made,  too,  which  are  not 
included  in  the  reply  ;  e.  g.  his  being  licensed  for 
The  Histoire  ofHenriethe  First,  April  10th,  1624; 
that  along  with  Thomas  Drue  he  wrote  The  Wo- 
man's Mistaken.  A  New  Tricke  to  cheat  the  Devil 
and  four  other  plays  are  therein  also  attributed  to 
him.  SAMUEL 


A  review  of  this  writer's  tragedy  King  John  and 
Matilda,  will  be  found  in  the  Retrospective  Re- 
view, 1st  S.  vol.  iv.  p.  87.  Davenport  is  likewise 
the  author  of  a  "very  agreeable  facetious  comedy," 
entitled  A  new  Trick  to  cheat  the  Devil,  4to,  1639; 
besides  several  plays  which  have  never  been 
printed.  In  Heber's  Catalogue,  pt.  iv.  p.  245,  we 
also  read,  "  The  Bloodie  Banquet,  by  T.  D.,  pro- 
bably R.  Davenport,  1639  ;"  but  according  to  the 
Biog.  Dram.,  ed.  1782,  p.  33,  "  by  some  ascribed 
to  Thos.  Barker."  •  JOHN  A.  HARPER. 

THIRD  BUFFS  (3ra  S.  iv.  287.)  —  The  3rd  (or 
East  Kent)  regiment  of  foot  is  call'ed  "  the  Buffs." 
It  received  this  designation  from  the  fact  of  its 
being  the  first  regiment  in  the  service  that  wore 
accoutrements,  such  as  sword-belts,  pouch-covers, 
&c.,  made  of  leather  prepared  from  the  buffalo. 
In  after  time,  its  waistcoats,  breeches,  stockings, 
and  facings  were  made  to  correspond  with  the  buff 


colour  of  the  appointments.  When  the  3 1st  regi- 
ment was  raised  in  1702,  it  was  clothed  in  buff  vests, 
breeches,  and  stockings,  and  so  acquired  the  name 
of  the  "  Young  Buffs,"  which  has  long  since  fallen 
into  disuse.  As  long  as  the  "  Young  Buffs  "  re- 
tained its  name,  the  3rd,  for  the  sake  of  distinc- 
tion, was  styled  the  "  Old  Buffs."  Its  old  title  of 
"the  Buffs,''  given  to  the  regiment  in  military 
playfulness  and  familiarity,  is  now  a  recognised 
designation,  and  may  be  seen  in  any  Army  List. 
See  Rl.  Mil.  Chron.  1811,  ii.  119;  and  Cannon's 
Hist.  Record  of  the  3rd  Regt.  of  Foot,  1839. 

M.  S.  R. 
Brompton  Barracks. 

THE  REV.  PETER  THOMPSON  (3rd  S.  iv.  289.) — 
In  my  collection  of  books  relating  to  Yorkshire 
and  Yorkshiremen,  I  find  a  volume  entitled  — 

"  Sermons  occasioned  by  the  sudden  Death  of  the  Kev. 
Peter  Thompson,  late  Minister  of  the  Scotch  Church, 
Leeds.  To  which  is  prefixed  a  Memoir  of  his  Life.  By 
Adam  Thompson." 

This  work  was  published  in  Leeds  by  Edward 
Baines,  1807.  The  author  was  a  brother  of  the 
deceased ;  and  the  brief  memoir  states  that  the 
Rev.  Peter  Thompson  was  a  native  of  Cold- 
stream,  a  small  village  in  the  south  of  Scotland ; 
being  born  there  on  August  11,  1778,  and  was  the 
eldest  of  a  large  family.  He  went  to  the  college 
in  Edinburgh  in  1792  ;  he  was  licensed  to  preach 
on  April  9,  1799,  and  commenced  his  ministry  at 
his  native  village.  He  was  appointed  on  Decem- 
ber 11  of  the  same  year  to  the  pastoral  charge 
of  a  small  congregation  at  Whitby,  where  he  re- 
mained until  he  removed  to  Leeds  in  1804 ;  where 
he  remained  as  pastor  of  the  congregation  at 
Albion  Chapel  until  his  death  on  February  17, 
1806. 

The  memoir  is  a  very  meagre  one,  giving  no 
particulars  beyond  the  statement  that  he  "  mar- 
ried a  young  lady  with  whom  he  had  been  long 
and  intimately  acquainted;  she  bore  him  three 
sons  in  his  lifetime.  The  first  could  hardly  be 
said  to  have  lived.  The  other  two  survived  him, 
and  a  fourth  was  born  about  four  months  after 
his  death." 

I  shall  be  very  happy  to  answer  any  specific 
inquiry  so  far  as  the  information  given  will  per- 
mit, or  I  will  leave  at  your  office,  for  the  use  of 
S.  Y.  R.,  the  volume  in  my  possession  on  his 
giving  to  you  his  name  and  address,  and  intimat- 
ing, through  your  columns,  his  desire  to  look  at  it. 

I  have  referred  to  the  History  of  Leeds  by 
Edward  Parsons,  published  in  1834,  but  I  find  no 
reference  whatever  to  the  Rev.  Peter  Thompson. 
The  name  of  the  chapel  where  he  presided  is  given, 
which  was  in  that  year  under  the  care  of  the  Rev. 
R.  W.  Hamilton. 

Mr.  Thompson  seems  to  have  been  much  be- 
loved by  his  congregation  at  Whitby,  and  also  at 
Leeds,  and  very  acceptable  as  a  preacher.  T.  B. 


338 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63. 


RTODLE  (3rd  S.  iv.  188,  277.)— I  am  quite  per- 
plexed to  know  how  gas  can  be  said  to  "  appor- 
tion things  of  earth  by  line  and  square."  I  never 
heard  the  answer.  The  following  has  been  sug- 
gested to  me  by  a  lady — mile-stone.  Here  Stone 
is  the  late  Frank  Stone  the  painter,  whose  works 
were  held  to  be  excellent  delineations  of  the  pas- 
sions ;  and  the  mile-stone  does  show  in  many 
ways  (i.  e.  roads)  how  every  body  fares  (in  the  old 
sense,  i.e.  goes).  If  this  be  not  the  answer,  it  is 
a  very  good  echo.  The  riddle  was  given  many 
years  ago.  A.  DB  MORGAN. 

MRS.  COKAIN  OP  ASHBURNE  (3rd  S.  iv.  305.)  — 
Doubtless  a  relation  of  the  soi-disant  Sir  Aston 
Cockain  or  Cokayne,  who  was  baptised  at  Ash- 
bourne.  Why  not  his  mother  or  sister  ?  Donne 
was  a  friend  of  his. 
"  Donne,  Suckling,  Randolph,  Drayton,  Massinger,  I 

Habbington,  Sandys,  May,  my  acquaintance  were." 

J.  H.  K. 

Arms,  Boteler,  impaling,  three  cocks :  Cokaine. 
Crest  of  Boteler. 

"  Here  lies  the  body  of  Sir  Francis  Boteler,  late  of 
Woodhall,  in  Bishops-Hatfleld,  descended  from  the  Right 
Noble  House  of  Botelers,  Barons  of  Oversley,  Wemur,  and 
Sudley.  Knighted  by  King  Charles  the  First,  at  York, 
May  the  lrt,  1642.  His  first  wife  was  Dame  Anne  Co- 
kaine, of  the  ancient  and  honourable  families  of  the 
Cokains  of  Ashborne,  in  Derbyshire,  where  she  is  in- 
terred :  by  whom  he  had  a  son  that  died  young,  and  two 
surviving  daughters,  Julia  and  Isabella.  He  departed 
this  life  the  9th  Oct.,  1690,  in  the  80th  year  of  his  age,  in 
hope  of  a  joyful  resurrection." — See  Clutterbuck's  Herts, 
vol.  ii. 

A.  B. 

Guildford. 

PARTY  (3rd  S.  iv.  269.)— There  is  very  good 
reason  for  believing  Swift  to  have  originated  the 
dictum  "  Party  is  the  madness  of  many,  for  the 
gain  of  a  few."  It  appears  at  the  end  of  the 
second  volume  of  Miscellanies  published  by  Motte 
&  Bathurst  in  1736,  as  the  first  paragraph  under 
the  heading  of  "  Thoughts  on  Various  Subjects." 
The  closing  paper  of  the  first  volume  bears  the 
same  title,  and  is  moreover  further  distinguished 
by  o3*  *,  the  hieroglyphic  signature  of  Swift. 
The  chapter  from  which  I  quote  the  saying  in 
question  does  not  contain  this  identifying  mark, 
but  as  it  is  also  called  "  Thoughts  on  Various 
Subjects,"  it  may  fairly  be  assumed  to  be  a  con- 
tinuation of  the  subject  treated  in  the  first  volume, 
and  may,  without  straining  a  point  (due  allow- 
ance being  made  for  typographical  inaccuracy), 
be  assigned  to  the  witty  but  cynical  Dean  of 
St.  Patrick's.  WILLIAM  GASPEY. 

Keswick. 

MAJOR  RUDYERD  (3rd  S.  iv.  289.)  —  The  Rud- 
yerd  who  died  at  Chatham,  Octobers,  1793,  was 
nnmed  Richard.  His  death  is  recorded  in  the 
Gent.  Mag.  1793,  vol.  Ixiii.  part  it.  p.  961,  wherein 


he  is  styled  Major ;  and  is  stated  to  have  been 
twenty-eight  years  town  major  at  Gibraltar.  He 
was  buried  in  Gillingham  churchyard,  north-east 
of  the  church ;  and  his  resting-place  is  marked  by 
a  plain  headstone,  bearing  this  inscription :  — 

"  In  Memory 

of  Richard  Rudyerd,  Esqr, 

who  departed  this  Life 

the  3d  of  Oct.,  1793, 

Aged  84  Years." 

I  have  looked  through  the  Annual  Army  Lists 
in  my  possession  for  1756  to  1794,  and  can  find  no 
mention  of  any  Rudyerd  in  the  36th  regiment  of 
foot,  or  as  filling  the  office  of  town-major  at 
Gibraltar.  If  he  ever  was  in  the  service,  it  must 
have  been  before  1756.  Supposing  this,  and  taking 
it  for  granted  that  he  held  the  town-majorship  for 
twenty-eight  years,  he  must,  when  appointed  to 
the  office,  have  been  only  about  eighteen  years  of 
age !  This  is  extremely  improbable ;  and  the  in- 
scription on  his  headstone  makes  it  tolerably  cer- 
tain that  he  never  held  military  rank. 

From  1756  to  1793  two  Rudyerds  only,  as  far 
as  I  can  make  out,  were  in  the  service.  These 
were  Henry  and  Charles  William  Rudyerd  ;  the 
former  died  when  lieutenant-general  at  Hammer- 
smith, October  18,  1828,  aged  eighty-eight;  and 
the  latter  (son  of  the  former),  when  lieutenant- 
colonel,  at  Gibraltar,  October  19,  1813.  Both 
were  in  the  corps  of  Royal  Engineers. 

Richard  Rudyerd  of  Whitby,  in  Yorkshire,  and 
Henry  Rudyerd,  Lieut.-General  of  the  Engineers, 
were  brothers,  sons  (by  the  second  wife)  of  Ben- 
jamin Rudyerd,  third  in  descent  from  the  cele- 
brated Sir  Benjamin  Rudyerd.  See  Burke's 
Patrician,  iv.  66. 

It  still  remains  to  be  proved  whether  Richard 
Rudyerd  of  Whitby  is  the  Richard  Rudyerd  who 
died  at  Chatham  in  1793.  M.  S.  R. 

Brompton  Barracks. 

SIR  BERNARD  »E  GOMME  (2ud  S.  ix.  221,  252.) 
It  may  not  perhaps  be  too  late  to  inform  D.  W.  S., 
that  Mr.  Charles  Haliday,  of  Dublin,  has  printed 
for  private  circulation  a  very  interesting  docu- 
ment, entitled  — 

"  Observations  Explanatory  of  a  Plan  and  Estimate  for 
a  Citadel  at  Dublin,  designed  by  Sir  Bernard  de  Gomme, 
Engineer-General  in  the  Year  1673,  with  his  Map,  show- 
ing the  state  of  the  Harbour  and  River  at  that  time,  Ex- 
hibited to  the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  at  their  Meeting  on 
Friday  the  loth  of  March,  1861,"  (5  pp.  4to.) 

The  paper  has  not  appeared  in  the  Proceedings 
of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  of  which  Mr.  Haliday 
is  a  member,  but  has  been  reprinted  in  the  columns 
of  the  Irish  Times  newspaper. 

For  a  reference  to  Sir  Bernard's  "  design  of 
building  a  fort  royal  on  the  strand,  near  Rings- 
end,"  in  the  vicinity  of  Dublin,  see  the  report  of 
Mr.  Jonas  Moore,  drawn  up  in  the  year  1675, 
and  printed  in  Letters  written  by  Arthur  Capel, 


.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


339 


Earl  of  Essex,  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Ireland,  in  1675, 
p.  167  (4to.  London,  1770).  ABHBA. 

"PHILOMATHIC  JOURNAL"  (3rd  S.  iv.  291.)  — 
For  MR.  NEIL'S  information,  I  beg  to  say  that  I 
numbered  two  old  friends  in  the  list  of  contribu- 
tors, Mr.  Jonathan  Dawson,  father  of  the  gifted 
lecturer,  Geo.  Dawson,  and  Joseph  Bounden,  the 
author  of  two  pleasing  poems — "The  Deserted 
City,"  and  "Eva."  I  may  add  a  living  one,  whose 
name  there  is  no  reason  to  conceal,  my  friend  J. 
A.  Heraud,  so  well  known  in  a  very  varied  litera- 
ture. Perhaps  I  should  scarcely  name  myself,  as 
I  had  no  hand  in  its  conduct,  but  merely  furnished 
one  light  review  on  Poems  by  Miss  Garret,  with 
several  small  poems  of  my  own.  I  had  my  old 
friend  Bounden's  copy  (left  me),  but  it  was  by 
mistake  sold  among  1500  more  some  years  ago  to 
my  own  great  regret.  I  quite  forget  the  pub- 
lishers or  printer.  J.  A.  G. 

ZINCOGRAPHY  (3rd  S.  iv.  290.)  —  I  cannot  speak 
positively,  but  I  believe  the  facsimiles  to  which 
WM.  DAVIS  refers,  as  shown  in  the  Exhibition  of 
1862,  were  produced  by  the  Anastatic  process, 
which  is  identical  with  zincography  only  so  far  as 
both  processes  may  be  called  printing  from  zinc 
plates.  The  preparation  of  the  metal  for  receiv- 
ing the  impression  in  each  case  is  very  different. 
The  Anastatic  process  is  suited  for  the  reproduc- 
tion of  old  books,  drawings,  engravings,  &c.,  and 
it  does  not  necessarily  destroy  the  originals,  but 
it  endangers  them,  requiring  great  care  in  the 
manipulation,  and  in  all  cases  impairs  the  tenacity 
of  the  paper.  In  some  volume  of  the  Art  Jour~ 
nal  WM.  DAVIS  will  find  the  information  he  seeks, 
but  I  have  not  the  means  of  referring  to  it. 

T.  B. 

GREEK  PHRASE  (3rd  S.  iv.  319.)  —  The  passage 
in  Diodorus  Siculus  is  in  the  second  book,  p.  162, 
of  the  first  vol.  of  Wesseling's  edition,  Amster- 
dam, 1746;  chap.  1.  according  to  the  Latin  version 
of  Rhodomanus,  p.  94,  of  Stephanus's  edition. 
The  verb  airoo-(j>fi>5ot'uv,  and  not  only  the  verbal 
airoff(pfi>56viiTot,  is  in  Plutarch,  but  I  cannot  at  pre- 
sent give  the  reference.  LYTTELTON. 

BOOTEHSTOWN,  NEAR  DUBLIN  (3rd  S.  iv.  276.) 

With  reference  to  the  REV.  DR.  TODD'S  very  in- 
teresting communication  on  this  subject,  I  send 
you  four  lines  from  Mr.  William  Scribble's  recent 
pamphlet,  entitled  Hurrah!  the 'Fleet!  or,  Greet- 
ings from  the  Shore,  p.  4  (Dublin,  1863)  :  — 
"  Free  Booterstown,  of  bad  renown, 

With  Sandymount  along, 
In  lengthened  row,  to  Ringsend  low, 

All  join  the  welcome  song." 

Mr.  Scribble  has  evidently  adopted  the  wrong 
explanation  of  the  name ;  but  with  Dr.  Todd's 
satisfactory  letter  within  our  reach,  no  one  in 
future  will  fall  into  the  same  mistake.  If  he  does, 
he  certainly  will  be  without  excuse. 


I  may  add  that  the  name  "Booterstown  "  is  of 
rather  older  standing  than  Dr.  Todd  supposes,  as 
reference  to  Dublin  newspapers  (for  example)  of 
the  last  century  will  show ;  but  this  is  a  point  of 
minor  consequence.  "Butterstown"  was  the  more 
common  appellation.  ABHBA. 

THE  BHAGAVADGITA,  ETC.  (3rd  S.  iv.  166,  238, 
279.) — The  word  hhokhol  does  not  appear  to  be 
Arabic,  or  to  have  any  connection  with  kohhl  eye- 
powder.  But  I  find  in  a  Turkish  Vocabulary 
(Barker,  p.  38)  the  words  jJjy  ,  koklamak,  and 
<3^f?  >  kokutowak,  meaning  to  smell;  the  ter- 
minal mak  is  the  Tartar  form  of  the  infinitive  of 
the  verb,  the  remainder,  kokul,  will,  I  infer,  form 
the  substantive,  smell  or  scent.  (Pfizmaier,  Gram- 
maire  Turque,  p.  224.)  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

SWING  (3rd  S.  iv.  271.)— You  are  quite  correct 
in  your  reply  to  the  Query  of  GEORGE  LLOYD  ; 
but  you  do  not  state  how  it  was  that  the  term 
Swing  became  first  applied  to  this  species  of  out- 
rage._  If  my  recollection  serves  me,  the  rick 
burnings  at  the  outset  were  preceded  by  threat- 
ening letters,  sent  to  the  persons  whose  property 
was  in  danger,  and  signed  "  Swing."  It  was  a 
cognomen  assumed,  as  Captain  Rock  was  taken  in 
Ireland.  T.  B. 

BLACKGUARD  (3rd  S.  iv.  295.)  —  They  appear 
serving  with  their  proper  weapons  in  a  passage 
in  Holinshed,  descriptive  of  a  fray  between  the 
servants  of  Henry  VI.  and  of  the  Earl  of  War- 
wick ;  where  the  former  set  upon  the  Earl,  "  the 
yeomen  with  swords,  the  blackguard  with  spits 
and  fireforks."  VEBNA. 


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340 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


g.  iv.  OCT.  24,  '63. 


K.  W.  DITO».  The  query  respecting  George  Bright  appeared  in  our 
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C.  C.  (Oxford).  Bishop  QaslreftxTSlptiti*  Cestriensis, edited  bi/  Canon 
Raines,  is  vol.  viii.  of'  the  works  published  by  the  Chetham  Society,  4to. 
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•^  VOYAGES,  and  TRAVELS,  and  POPULAR  WORKS  of  FICTION  by  the  best  Authors,  being  clean  and 
perfect  Copies  withdrawn  from  Circulation  at  THE  UNITED  LIBRARIES,  307,  REGENT  STREET,  LONDON,  W., 
is  now  ready,  and  will  be  sent  on  application. 


Sales  of  Literary  Property,  Music,  Musical  and  Philosophical  Instru- 
ments, and  Works  of  Art. 

MESSRS.    PUTTICK  &   SIMPSON  beg  to  an- 
nounce, that  their  SEASON  for  SALES  will  commence  on 
MONDAY,  November  2nd. 

47,  LEICESTER  SQUARE,  W.C. 

Sixty  Thousand  English  Tracts  and  Pamphlets,  recently  the  Property 
of  a  well-known  Collector. 

JESSRS.  PUTTICK  &  SIMPSON  will  SELL  by 
AUCTION,  at  their  House,  47,  Leicester  Square,  W.C.  (West 
).  on  MONDAY,  November  2,  and  following  day,  a  REMARK- 
ABLE COLLECTION  of  upwards  of  SIXTY  THOUSAND  ENG- 
LISH TRACTS  AND  PAMPHLETS  in  all  Classes  of  Literature, 
and  relating  to  every  Department  of  Human  Action  or  Inquiry,  re- 
cently the  Property  of  a  well  known  Collector,  resident  in  the  Temple  : 
embracing,  Extensive  Collections  in  Divinity,  Politics,  Church  History, 
Pulpit  Eloquence,  Church  Government,  Liturgies,  Formularies,  Criti- 
cism, Foreign  and  Dissenting  Churches,  Missions,  Charges,  Visitation 
and  Funeral  Orations  ;  Works  of  the  Mystic  Writers,  W.  Huntington, 
Swedenborg,  Joanna  Southcott  and  her  Disciples,  the  Quakers  and 
other  Spiritualists :  also,  several  important  Series  on  Banking,  the 
Currency,  Bullion,  National  Debt,  Exchanges,  £c.,  by  Eminent  Mone- 
tary Authorities  :  Tracts  Relating  to  and  Published  in  America;  also, 
many  Tracts  of  much  Interest  and  Rare  Occurrence  connected  with 
English  History,  Early  Poetry,  and  the  Drama;  Facetise,  Law,  Crime, 
Celebrated  Trials,  Forensic  Oratory,  Manners  and  Customs,  Feudal 
and  Corporate  Rights  and  Privileges,  Language,  Early  Travels,  and 
Works  of  Fiction,  Curious  Biography.  A  large  Number  of  Quarto 
Tracts,  illustrative  of  History  and  Literature  of  the  16th  and  17th 
Centuries,  &c.,  £c. 

Catalogues  on  receipt  of  Two  Stamps. 

HPHE    "FAMILY   HEIR-LOOM,"   price   10s.   6rf. 

I  Adapted  to  the  number  of  a  Family.  The  demand  for  this 
pleasing  novelty  is  very  great,  and  orders  must  necessarily  wait  a  short 
time  for  execution. 

LONDON  STEREOSCOPIC  COMPANY, 

Photographers  to  H.R.H.  the  Prince  of  Wales, 

54,  Cheapside,  and  )  10,  Regent  Street. 

PORTRAITS,    10   for  10s.      "Theirs   are  the  ! 

JL      finest." — irt  Journal.— 54,  Cheapside. 

LONDON  STEREOSCOPIC  COMPANY. 

FRAMES   (GILT),    Glass    and   Board   complete. 
(1*  by  9,  Is.);  (30  by  23, a».)-54,  Cheapside. 

LONDON  STEREOSCOPIC  COMPANY. 


THE  PRETTIEST  GIFT  for  a  LADY  is  one  of 
JONES'S  GOLD  LEVERS,  at  1H.  11s.   For  a  GENTLEMAN, 

one  at  \ol.  \0s.    Rewarded  at  the  International  Exhibition  for  "  Cheap- 
ness of  Production." 

Manufactory,  338,  Strund,  opposite  Somerset  House. 


PARTRIDGE     &.    COZENS 

Is    the   CHEAPEST    HOUSE  in   the    Trade  for 

PAPER  and  ENVELOPES,  &c.  Useful  Cream-laid  Note,  2s.  3d.  per 
ream.  Superfine  ditto,  3s.  3d.  Sermon  Paper,  3s.  6d.  Straw  Paper,  2*. 
Foolscap,  6s.  6d.  per  Ream.  Black  bordered  Note,  5  Quires  for  Is. 
Super  Cream  Envelopes,  6d.  per  100.  Black  Bordered  ditto.  Is.  per 
100.  Tinted  lined  India  Note  ( 5  Colours),  5  Quires  for  1«.  6d.  Copy 
Books  (Copies  set),  is.  t>«.  per  dozen.  P.  &  C.'s  Law  Pen  (as  flexible 
as  the  Quill),  2s.  per  gross.  Name  plate  engraved,  and  100  best  Cards 
printed  for  3s.  6d. 

Ho  Charge  for  Stamping  Arms,  Crests,  tyc.from  own  Dies. 

Catalogues  Post  Free;  Orders  over  20s.  Carriage  paid. 
Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS, 

Manufacturing  Stationers,  1 ,  Chancery  Lane,  and  192,  Fleet  St.  E.C. 

"  T>  ECONNOIT'RER  "  GLASS,  9s.  6d. !    Weighs 

JLl)  8  oz.,  is  achromatic,  and  so  strong,  that  ships,  houses,  trees, 
&c.,  ten  miles  off,  Jupiter's  Moons,  &c.,  are  distinctly  seen  by  it  ;  and 
when  used  as  a  landscape  glass  is  valuable  on  a  twenty-five  mile  radius. 
"  I  think  the  Reconnoiterer  very  good."  —  The  Marquis  of  Carmarthen. 
"  I  never  before  met  an  article  that  so  completely  answered  its  maker's 
recommendation."  —  F.  H.  Fawkes,  Esq.,  Faruley,  Otley.  "  Regarding 
the  glasses  supplied  by  Messrs.  Salom,  I  am  well  pleased  with  them." — 
From  a  report  by  the  Head  Gamekeeper  of  the  Marquis  of  Breadalbane. 
"  The  economy  of  price  is  not  secured  at  the  cost  of  efficiency.  We 
have  carefully  tried  it  at  an  800-yard  rifle-rauge  against  all  the  glasses 
possessed  by  the  members  of  the  corps,  and  found  it  fully  equal  to  any, 
although  they  had  cost  more  than  four  times  its  price.  —  The  Field. 
Post-free,  10s.  lOd.  The  Hythe  Glass,  showing  bullet  marks  at  1200 
yards,  31s.  6d.  These  Glasses  are  only  to  be  had  direct  from  SALOM 
and  CO.,  98,  Princes-street,  Edinburgh,  who  have  no  agents. 


PRIZE  MEDAL  AWARDED. 
TOU&IKXBT    AND     GAI.E, 

DESPATCH  BOX,  DRESSING  CASE,  AND  TRAVELLING 
BAG  MAKERS, 

7,  NEW  BOND  STREET,  W., 
AMD  SISE  LANE,  CITY  (NEAR  MANSION  Hoosx). 
(Established  1735.) 


M 


AG1C  LANTERNS  and  DISSOLVING  VIEWS. 

-i_i-»-  Price  Sixpence.  Instructions  for  Exhibiting  Dissolving  Views, 
and  for  the  Management  of  the  Apparatus,  wi  h  Lime  Light  or  Oil 
Lamps.  By  JOHN  J.  GKIFFIN,  F.C.S.  Illustrated  by  numerous 
engravings;  to  which  is  added  a  priced  list  of  about  2,000  sliders,  ar- 
ranged in  collections  suitable  for  lectures,  including  many  new  and 
brilliant  subjects.  Single  Lanterns,  3J  in.  lenses,  with  rackwork  adjust- 
ment, :&<.  Pair  of  Lanterns,  with  all  the  Apparatus  necessary  for  ex- 
hibiting Dissolving  Views  to  Public  Audiences,  121. 12s. 

JOHN  J.  GRIFFIN,  19,  Bunhill  Row,  E.C. 


3'd  S.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

TI7ESTERN,   MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

f  T      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIEP  Omcxa :  8,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.  E.  Bicknell,  Esq. 


T.  Somers  Cocks,  Esq.,  M.A., J.P. 

Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.  A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,  M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 


James  Hunt,  Esq. 

John  Leigh,  Esq. 

Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 

F.B.  Marson,  Esq. 

E.  Vansittart  Neale,  Esq.,  M. A. 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Jas.  Lys  Seager, Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White,  Esq. 


Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary. — Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  SOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MEDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated, in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

NoCnAROE   MADE   FOR  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14*. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 

OSTEO      EXDOXT. 

Patent.March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

GABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street, Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth.' '    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

JC.  and  J.  FIELD,  Original  Manufacturers  (in 
•  England)  of  PARAFFINE  CANDLES,  to  whom  the  prize 
medal  (1862)  has  been  awarded,  and  their  Candles  adopted  by  her 
Majesty's  Government  for  use  at  the  Military  Stations  abroad.  These 
Candles  can  be  obtained  of  all  Chandlers  and  Grocers  in  the  United 
Kingdom.  Price  Is.  8d.  per  Ib.  Also  Field's  celebrated  United  Service 
Soap  Tablets,  6d.  and  4d.  each.  The  Public  are  cautioned  to  see  that 
Field  s  label  is  on  the  packets  or  boxes.  Wholesale  only,  and  for 
Exportation,  Upper  Marsh,  Lambeth,  London,  S. 

PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM. PAXCHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  NEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1 ,000  others.  2s.  60!.  each — 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 

HOLLOWAY'S  PILLS.— ENFEEBLED  EXISTENCE. 
This  medicine  embraces  every  attribute  required  in  a  general  and 
domestic  remedy:  it  overturns  the  foundation  of  disease  laid  by  defec- 
tive lood  and  impure  air.  In  obstructions  or  congestions  of  the  liver, 
lungs,  bowels,  or  any  other  organ,  these  Pills  are  especially  serviceable 
and  eminently  successful.  They  should  be  kept  in  readiness  in  every 
family,  as  they  are  a  medicine  without  a  fault  for  young  persons  and 
those  of  feeble  constitutions.  They  never  cause  pain,  or  irritate  the 
most  sensitive  nerves  or  most  tender  bowels.  Uolloway's  Pills  are  the 
best  known  purifiers  of  the  blood,  and  the  best  promoters  of  absorption 
and  secretion,  which  remove  all  poisonous  and  obnoxious  particles  from 
both  solids  and  fluids. 


1HE    LIVERPOOL     AND    LONDON 

FIRE  AND  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  in  1336. 

OFFICES:  — I,  Dale  Street,  Liverpool;  20  and  21,  Poultry, 
London,  E.C. 

PROGRESS  OF  THE  COMPANY  SINCE  1850. 


Year 

Fire  Premiums 

. 

Life  Premiums 

Invested  Funds 

1851 

£ 

54,305 

£ 
27,157 

M 
502,824 

1856 
1861 
1862 

222,279 
360,130 
436,065 

72,781 
135,974 
138,703 

821,061 
1,311,905 
1,417,808 

The  Fire  Duty  paid  by  this  Company  in  England  in  1862  was  71,2342. 
SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 
JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 

Fire  Policies  falling  due  at  Michaelmas  should  be  renewed  by  the  14th 
October. 

IiHE  NATURAL  WINES  of  FRANCE.  —  J. 
CAMPBELL.  Wine  Merchant,  158,  Regent  Street,  recommends 
attention  to  the  following  CLARETS,  selected  by  himself  on  the 
Garonne:  —  Vin  de  Bordeaux  (which  greatly  improves  by  keeping  in 
bottle  two  or  three  years),  208.;  St.  Julien,  22*.;  La  Rose,  268.;  St. 
Estephe,  36s.;  St.  Emilion,  42s.;  Haut  Brion,  48s.;  Lafitte,  Latour. 
and  Chateau  Margaux,  60s.  to  84s.  per  dozen.  J.  C.'s  experience  and 
known  reputation  for  .French  wines  will  be  some  guarantee  for  the 
soundness  of  the  wine  quoted  at  20s.  per  dozen.— Note.  Burgundies  from 
38s.  to  54s.;  Chablis,  26s.  and  30s.  per  dozen.  E.  Clicquot's  finest  Cham- 
pagne, 66s.  per  dozen.  Remittances  or  town  reierences  should  be  ad- 
dressed JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 

Now  ready,  18mo,  coloured  wrapper,  Post  Free,  6d. 

ON    GOUT    AND    RHEUMATISM.     A  new 
work,  by  DR.  LAVILLE  of  the  Faculty  of  Medicine,  Paris,  ex- 
hibiting a  perfectly  new,  certain,  and  saie  method  of  cure.   Translated 
by  an  English  Practitioner. 

London:  FRAS.  NEWBERY  &  SONS,  45,  St.  Paul's  Church  Yard. 

FRY'S      CHOCOLATE. 

FRY'S  FRENCH  CHOCOLATE  FOB  EATING, 
in  Sticks,  and  Drops. 

FRY'S  CHOCOLATE  CREAMS. 

FRY'S  FRENCH  CHOCOLATE  IN  CAKES. 
J.  S.  FRY  &  SONS,  Bristol  and  London. 


SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

"WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOE,  LEA  AND  PERBIBTS'  SAUCE. 

*#»  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester  ; 
MESSRS.  CROSSE  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS,  London,  &c.,  &c. ;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 


CAPTAIN1    WHITE'S 

ORIENTAL  PICKLE,  CURRY,  or  MULLIGA- 
TAWNY PASTE. 

Curry  Powder,  and  Curry  Sauce,  may  be  obtained  from  all  Sauce- 
Vendors,  and  Wholesale  of 

CROSSE  &  BLACKWELL,  Purveyors  to  the  Queen,  Soho  Square, 
London. 

Dinneford's  Pure  Fluid  Magnesia 

Has  been,  during  twenty-five  years,  emphatically  sanctioned  by  the 
Medical  Profession,  and  universally  accepted  by  the  Public,  as  the 
Best  Remedy  for  Acidity  of  the  Stomach,  Heartburn,  Headache,  Gout, 
and  Indigestion,  and  as  a  Mild  Aperient  for  delicate  constitutions,  more 
especially  for  Ladies  and  Children.  When  combined  with  the  Acidu- 
lated Lemon  Syrup,  it  forms  an  AGREEABLE  EFFERVESCING  DRAUGHT, 
in  which  its  Aperient  qualities  are  much  increased.  During  Hot 
Seasons,  and  in  Hot  Climates,  the  regular  use  of  this  simple  and  elegant 
remedy  has  been  found  highly  beneficial.  It  is  prepared  (iu  a  state 
of  pertect  purity  and  of  uniform  strength)  by  D1N.NEFORD  &  CO., 
172,  New  Bond  Street,  London:  and  sold  by  all  respectable  Chemists 
throughout  the  World. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  OCT.  24,  '63. 


MR.  J.   E.   DOYLE'S   ILLUSTRATED    CHRONICLE   OF   ENGLAND. 


On  Thursday,  November  5,  will  be  published,  in  One  Volume,  4to,  with  81  coloured  Engravings,  price 
in  ornamental  Gothic  covers  designed  by  J.  LEIGHTON,  F.S.  A. ;  or  price  65s.  elegantly  bound 

in  morocco  by  RIVIERE, 

A   CHRONICLE    OF    ENGLAND 

FROM  B.C.  55  TO  A.D.  1485. 

WRITTEN  AND  ILLUSTRATED  BY  JAMES  E.  DOYLE. 

THE  DESIGNS  ENGRAVED  AND  PRINTED  IN  COLOURS  BY  EDMUND  EVANS. 


IT  has  been  known  for  some  years  that  MR.  DOYLE  had  written  a  Chronicle,  or  Historical  Sketch,  of 
English  History  from  the  Earliest  Times  to  the  End  of  the  Fifteenth  Century,  illustrated  very  copiously  with 
coloured  drawings,  which  were  intermingled  with  the  text.  These  drawings  were  not  mere  fancy  sketches,  but  the 
result  of  careful  study  not  only  in  costume  and  architecture,  but  also  in  the  main  incidents  which  they  were  meant 
to  illustrate.  The  original  MS.  had  been  seen  and  admired  by  a  large  circle  of  competent  judges;  and  it  was  a 
matter  of  regret  that  the  great  cost  of  reproducing  the  ILLUSTRATIONS  in  facsimile  opposed  an  insurmountable 
obstacle  to  its  publication.  But  a  recent  improvement  in  the  art  of  printing  in  colours  has  rendered  the  undertaking 
practicable,  and  the  volume  now  announced  is  the  result.  It  is,  however,  by  no  means  a  mere  reproduction  of  the 
original  MS.  for  the  history  has  been  carefully  revised  and  minutely  studied  from  the  Old  Chroniclers  and  other 
original  sources ;  and  much  additional  thought  has  been  bestowed  throughout  on  the  Illustrations,  which  have  been 
drawn  on  wood  by  MR.  DOYLE  himself.  It  is,  therefore,  believed  that  the  forthcoming  volume  will  possess  attrac- 
tions of  no  ordinary  kind.  A  list  of  the  Illustrations  is  subjoined. 


Medallion  of  Julius  C£E»ar. 

The  Standard  Bearer  of  the  Tenth  Legion. 

Caractacus  at  Rome. 

Gregory  and  the  English  Slaves  at  Rome. 

Augustine  preaching  before  King  Ethelbert. 

The  High  Priest  Coifl  profanes  the  Temple  of  the  Idols. 

Edmund,  King  of  East  Anglia,  killed  by  the  Danes. 

Alfred  in  the  Neatherd's  Cottage. 

Baptism  of  King  Guthorm. 

Alfred  plan§  the  Capture  of  the  Danish  Fleet. 

The  Barge  of  Edgar  manned  by  Eight  Kings  on  the  Dee. 

Edward  murdered  at  Corfe. 

Harold  swears  fidelity  to  Duke  William. 

The  Death  of  Harold. 

William  pays  court  to  the  English  Leaders. 

Robert  wounds  his  Father. 

William  receives  a  fatal  hurt  at  Mantes. 

Anselm  mode  Archbishop  of  Canterbury. 

Death  of  William  the  Red. 

AVilliam  De  Breteuil  defends  the  Treasury. 

Robert  taken  Prisoner  by  the  Clerk  Baudri. 

Wreck  of  the  White  Ship. 

The  Oath  of  Walter  L'Espee. 

Matilda  is  permitted  to  retire  from  Arundel. 

Henry  and  Stephen  confer  across  the  Thames. 

Becket  forbids  the  Earl  of  Leicester  to  pass  Sentence  on  him. 

Murder  of  Thomas  a-Becket. 

Henry  authorises  Dermod  to  levy  Forces. 

Henry  at  Waterford. 

William  the  Lion  taken  prisoner. 

Richard  and  the  Master  of  St.  John. 

Richard  refuses  to  look  upon  the  Holy  City. 

Richard  pardons  his  brother  John. 

Richard  pardons  the  Archer  who  shot  him. 

The  Monks  of  Christchurch  expelled. 

The  Barons  swear  to  achieve  their  Liberties. 

John  signs  the  Great  Charter. 

Hubert  De  Burgh  taken  from  Sanctuary  at  BoUars. 

Henry  III.  and  his  Parliament. 

Death  of  De  Montfort. 

Edward  acknowledged  as  Suzerain  of  Scotland. 


Wallace  rejects  the  English  proposals. 

Edward  threatens  the  Lord  Marshal. 

Gaveston's  head  shown  to  the  Earl  of  Lancaster. 

Bruce  kills  Sir  Henry  Bohun. 

The  Earl  of  Lancaster  led  to  execution. 

Mortimer  seized  by  the  King. 

Battle  off  Sluys. 

The  English  wait  for  the  French  at  Crecy. 

Edward  refuses  succour  to  his  Son  at  Crecy. 

The  Relief  of  Calais. 

The  Prince  serves  King  John  at  table. 

Edward  vows  that  he  will  make  peace. 

Edward  the  Black  Prince  extorts  an  amnesty  from  Pedro  the  Cruel. 

Richard  assumes  the  command  of  the  Rebels. 

Arundel,  Gloucester,  Nottingham,  Derby  and  Warwick,  before 

the  King 

Queen  Anne  intercedes  for  Sir  Simon  Burley. 
Richard  stops  the  Duel  between  Hereford  and  Norfolk. 
Meeting  of  Richard  and  Henry. 
Albemarle  and  Fitzwalter  exchange  defiance. 
The  body  of  Richard  brought  to  St.  Paul's. 
Death  of  Hotspur. 

Gascoigne  refuses  to  sentence  Archbishop  Scrope. 
Henry  marches  out  against  the  Lollards. 
The  King  attacked  by  the  Duke  of  Alenson. 
Marriage  of  Henry  V.  and  Katharine  of  France. 
Charles  and  Henry  welcomed  by  the  Clergy  at  Paris. 
Capture  of  Joan  of  Arc  at  Compiegne. 
The  Duchess  of  Gloucester  does  Penance. 
Murder  of  the  Duke  of  Suffolk. 
Henry  VI.  and  the  Dukes  of  York  and  Somerset. 
Stratagem  of  Lord  Falconbridge  at  Towton. 
Edward  IV.  and  Lady  Elizabeth  Grey. 
The  Earl  of  Warwick  submits  to  Queen  Margaret. 
Death  of  the  King-maker  at  Barnet. 
Murder  of  Prince  Edward. 

Meeting  of  Edward  IV.  and  Louis  XI.  at  Pecquigny. 
Richard  orders  the  Arrest  of  Hastings. 
Richard  invited  to  assume  the  Crown. 
Buckingham  finds  the  Severn  impassable. 
Richard  III.  at  Bosworth  Field. 


London :  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN,  ROBERTS,  and  GREEN,  Paternoster  Row. 


Printed  by  GEORGE  ANDREW   SPOTTISWOODE,  at  &  New-street  Square,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  City  of  London;  and 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A  MEDIUM   OF   INTER-COMMUNICATION 

FOR 

LITERAKY  MEN,  GENERAL    READERS,   ETC. 

"  When  found,  make  a  note  of." — CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


No.  96. 


SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  31,  1863. 


f  Price  Fourpence. 
I  Stamped  Edition,  Srf. 


THE  QUARTERLY  REVIEW,  No.  CCXXVIII. 
is  published  THIS  DAY. 

CONTENTS  : 

I.  PROGRESS  OF  ENGINEERING  SCIENCE. 
II.  THOMAS  HOOD  AND  HIS  LIFE  AND  WRITINGS. 
III.  CO-OPERATIVE  SOCIETIES. 
IV.  LYELL'S  ANTIQUITY  OF  MAN. 
V.  JAPAN. 
VI.  ANTI-PAPAL   MOVEMENT   AMONG  THE  ITALIAN 

CLERGY. 

VII.  FROUDE'S  QUEEN  ELIZABETH. 
VIII.  THE  CHURCH  OF  ENGLAND  AND  HER  BISHOPS. 
JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street. 


OLACKWOOD'S  MAGAZINE,for  NOVEMBER, 

O    1863.    No.  DLXXVn.    Price  2*.  6d. 
CONTENTS  : 

Chronicles  of  Carlingford  :  The  Perpetual  Curate Part  VI. 

Old  Maps  and  New. 

Tony  Butler — Part  II. 

Ducal  Darmstadt. 

The  Fall  of  Kine  Otho. 

Hawthorne  on  England. 

Tara. 

May-Son?. 

Our  Rancorous  "  Cousins." 

WILLIAM  BLACK  WOOD  &  SONS,  Edinburgh  and  London. 

MR.  J.  E.  DOYLE'S  ILLUSTRATED  CHRONICLE  OF 
ENGLAND. 

On  Thursday  next  will  be  published,  in  One  Volume, 
4to,  with  81  Coloured  Engravings,  price  42s.  in  orna- 
mental Gothic  covers  designed  by  J.  LEIGHTON,  F.S.A. ; 
or  price  65s.  elegantly  bound  in  morocco  by  RIVIERE, 

A  CHRONICLE  of  ENGLAND  from  B.C.  55  to 
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DOYLE.    The  Designs  engraved  and  printed  in  Colours 
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JOHN  CAMDEN  HOTTEN,  151,  Piccadilly,  London. 

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2s.  6rf. \contains  the  concluding  portion  of  the  Illustrated  Catalogue 


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jamin West.'  illustrated  with  examples  from  his  works,  by  James 
Dafforne  ;  '  Exposition  des  Beaux-Arts,  appliques  Ji  I'lndustrie; ' '  A 


iptive  Account  otThyatira,'  by  J.  (J.ftl.  Bellew;  •  Lord  Stanley 
on  Schools  of  Art  ;'  'Exhibition  at  the  Liverpool  Institution  of  Fine 
Arts,'  &c.  &e. 

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Ready  Nov.  2nd,  Part  1.,  price  I». 

BRACTS  for  the  CHRISTIAN  SEASONS :  being 

JL  Readings  for  every  Sunday  and  Holyday  in  the  Year.  Third 
Series.  Conducted  by  the  REV.  JAMES  RUSSELL  WOODFORD 
M.A.,  Vicar  of  Kempsford,  Gloucestershire.  » 

The  Series  will  possess  one  distinguishing  characteristic.  Since  the 
issue  of  the  iformcr  Tracts,  public  attention  has  been  especially  fixed 
upon  the  Old  Testament;  and  the  question  "  How  that  portion  of  Holy 
Scripture  can  be  read  with  comfort  and  profit  by  plain  people?"  become* 
increasingly  prominent.  In  order  to  meet  this  requirement  of  the  times, 
the  subjects  of  the  New  Series  of  Tracts  will  betaken  chi  fly  from  the 
Books "  of  the  Old  Testament,  and  an  endeavour  will  be  made  by  care- 
ful and  reverent  exposition  to  draw  out  the  doctrinal  and  moral  teach- 
ing involved  in  the  various  narratives,  which  renders  them,  amidst  all 
changes  of  time  and  place,  still  profitable  for  instruction  in  righteous- 
ness. 

Among  the  Writers  the  following  have  promised  their  assistance  :— 
The  Right  Rev.  the  Lord  Bishop  of  Oxford:  Right  Rev.  the  Bishop 
Coadjutor  of  Edinburgh ;  Ven.  Archdeacon  Bickersteth  i  Rev.  Dr.  Goul- 
burn:  Rev.  Dr.  Moberly;  Rev.  Dr.  Hessey  (late  Bampton  Lecturer) : 
T*ev.  T.  L.  Claughton;  Rev.  Prebendary  Freeman;  Rev.  W.  Walsham 
How;  Rev.  C.  E.  Kennaway,  &c.  Ike. 

CONTENTS  OF  PART  I. 

1.  The  Fulness  of  Time. 
*1.  St.  Andrew. 

2.  Christ  the  Teacher  of  Righteousness. 

3.  Christ  the  High  Priest  of  the  Church. 

4.  Christ  the  King  of  a  Spiritual  Kingdom. 
*2.  St.  Thomas. 

Oxford  and  London:  JOHN  HENRY  &  JAMES  PARKER. 

Preparing  for  immediate  issue,  to  be  forwarded  on  receipt  of  Name 
and  Address,  enclosing  Two  Stamps, 

CATALOGUE  of  a  COLLECTION  of  SECOND- 

\J  HAND  BOOKS  in  the  various  Departments  of  Literature  and 
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a  few  interesting  Manuscripts.  All  in  fine  condition,  and  for  Sale  at 

I   the  moderate  (nett)  prices  affixed,  being  a  further  selection  from  the 

]   extensive  stock  of 

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A  FRENCH  GENTLEMAN,  of  LITERARY 
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tleman's family  as  LIBRARIAN,  AMANUENSIS,  or  PRIVATE 
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Place,  Turnham  Green,  W. 

A  MARRIED  MAN  would  be  glad  to  undertake 
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cimens of  handwriting  sent  post  free  on  application  to  R.  B.  W.,  219, 
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Now  ready,  1 8mo,  coloured  wrapper,  Post  Free,  6d. 

ON    GOUT    AND    RHEUMATISM.     A   new 
work,  by  DR.  LAV1LLE  of  the  Faculty  of  Medicine.  Paris,  ex- 
hibiting a  perfectly  new,  certain,  and  safe  method  of  cure.    Translat*  d 
by  an  English  Practitioner. 
London:  FRAS.  NEWBERY  $  SONS,  45,  St.  Paul's  Church  Yard. 


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S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63. 


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3**  S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


MESSRS.   BELL    &    DAKDY'S 


ANNOUNCEMENTS. 


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I. 

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341 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  31,  1863. 


CONTENTS.— NO.  96. 

NOTES :  —  Notes  on  the  Life  of  Robert  Robinson,  341  — 
American  Major-Generals,  344  —  William  Stewart  Rose, 
345  — Origin  of  the  Carriage  called  "a  Fly,"  Ib.  —  Jack 
Presbyter,  3-16  —  The  Sons  of  Thomas  Busby,  Mus.  Doc. 
347. 

MINOB  NOTES  :  —  Square  Numbers  —  Alexander  Selkirk's 
Cup  and  Chest — Inkstand  —  Peter  "Walter  —  Merchant 

.Taylors  —  Peal  of  Bells  of  East  Woodhay  Church,  Hants- 
Croquet —  Marsupites  Milleri  —  Dossity :  Clare's  Poems  — 
Earthquakes  — The  Kaleidoscope  — ; .  Stolen  MSS.  —  The 
Termination  "  ster,"  348. 

QUERIES :  —  "  Albion  Magazine,"  "  Monthly  Recorder  "  — 
Angelic  Vision  of  the  Dying— Bayly  or  Bayley  Family  — 
Crapaud  Ring  —  Cast  of  a  Head  in  Bell  Metal  —  Dancing 
in  Slippers  —  Dean  :  Decanus  —  De  Veres,  Earls  of  Oxford 

—  The  Exempt  Jurisdiction  of  Newry  and  Mourne  —  Ex 
Praeda  Przedatoris  —  Sir  John  Fortescue's  MSS.  —  Golden 
Candlestick  of  the  Temple  at  Jerusalem  —  Grinling  Gib- 
bons —  living's  Greek  Testament  —  The  Kaiser-Saal  at 
Frankfort,  &c.,  350. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWEEB: —  Wedding  Sermons  —  Norwich 
Bishops  also  Abbots  —  Trollop's  Monument  —  Charles  I. : 
Milton  —  Sir  Anthony  Browne,  K.  G.  —  Kindlie  Tenant  — 
"  Mathematical  Recreation  "  —  Hall  Family,  354. 

REPLIES:— The  Postal  System,  355  — Hoops  and  Crino- 
lines, &c.,  357  —  Newspaper  Folk  Lore,  358  —  Bishop's 
Robes,  359  —  Brian  King  and  Martyr  —  Joseph  Fowke  — 
Prayers  for  the  Dead  —  Mrs.  Hemans's  Family  —  Sinaitic 
Inscriptions  —  Edmund  Prestwich  —  Bochart  or  Boshart 

—  Satirical  Ballad  — Drinking  Song  — Piscinae  near  Rood 
lofts  —  Quotations,  &c  —  Recovery  from  apparent  Death — 
Forms  of  Prayer  —  Laws  of  Lauriston  —  Gibraltar  —  Ob- 
scure Scottish  Saints,  &c.,  360. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


NOTES  ON  THE  LIFE  OF  ROBERT  ROBINSON 
(1735—1790.) 

There  are  some  men,  known  in  their  day  by 
striking  personal  qualities,  who  gradually  dis- 
appear from  everything  but  the  routine  of  literary 
history.  From  Rees's  Cyclopcedia  or  Gorton  we 
shall  learn  that  Robert  Robinson,  the  Baptist 
minister  who  preceded  Robert  Hall  in  the  chapel 
of  St.  Andrew's  Street,  Cambridge,  was  an  "  emi- 
nent dissenting  divine,"  an  "  able  reasoner,"  an 
"eminent  controversialist."  We  shall  also  find 
the  titles  of  his  works,  and  their  general  purport : 
and  we  shall  see  made  to  stand  out  a  learned 
History  of  Baptism.  But  all  this  gives  no  picture  : 
or,  at  most,  suggests  a  grave  man  in  a  very  modest 
dwelling,  seated  at  a  table  covered  with  books. 
We  want  a  work  like  that  of  Granger  in  title,  a 
"  help  to  the  knowledge  of  portraits,"  not  of  the 
engraver,  but  of  the  contemporary  friend  or  critic, 
or  better  still,  of  the  man  himself  in  his  writings. 

Cambridge  has,  almost  within  our  own  period, 
had  the  extremes  of  nonconformist  notoriety  set- 
tled in  the  town,  and,  for  different  reasons,  the 
resort  of  university  men.  On  the  one  hand,  Robin- 
son and  Hall  :  Robinson,  pronounced  by  Dr. 
Price,  with  the  approbation  of  all  who  heard  it, 
the  best  colloquial  preacher  he  had  ever  listened 
to ;  Hall,  of  whom  many  are  left  to  confirm  the 


character  given  in  the  biography.  On  the  other 
hand,  Johnny  Stittle,  as  he  was  called,  who  preached 
fiercely  against  classical  literature,  and  exclaimed 
with  triumph,  "  D'ye  think  Paul  knew  Greek  ?  " 

The  life  of  Robert  Robinson  was  written  by 
the  simple-minded  George  Dyer,  the  G.  D.  of 
Charles  Lamb,  of  whom  an  account,  written  by 
me,  will  be  found  in  the  Supplement  t«  the  Penny 
Cyclopcedia.  Dyer's  life  of  Robinson  was  pro- 
nounced by  Samuel  Parr  one  of  the  best  biogra- 
phies in  the  language :  and  Wordsworth  expressed 
the  same  opinion.  Parr  objected  to  Boswell  that 
he  gave  the  "drippings"  of  Johnson's  mouth  ;  and 
declared  that  he  himself  had  intended  to  give  the 
history  of  his  mind.  But  the  drippings  of  the 
mouth  and  of  the  pen  give  the  very  mind  itself: 
and  he  who  now  writes  biography  without  them 
will  live  on  the  upper  shelf,  for  reference  only. 
If  George  Dyer  could  have  given  more  of  them, 
his  book  would  have  been  reprinted  to  this  day ; 
but  there  is  enough  to  set  out  an  image  of  the 
man. 

I  shall  begin  with  two  of  Robinson's  letters, 
which  go  far  to  make  a  picture  :  — 

"  To  the  Rev.  Thos.  Dunscombe,  Sampton,  Oxfordshire. 
"Chesterton,  Nov.  14,  1785. 

"  Dear  Sir, — I  own  it  gives  me  a  great  deal  of  pleasure 
to  see  any  of  the  ministers  of  our  churches  address  them- 
selves to  honest  employments  in  life;  there  are  many 
reasons  to  induce  us  to  do  so.  Idleness  is  abominable, 
and  the  pretence  of  study  is  a  joke,  where  a  man  hath 
not  more  books  than  he  can  read  over  in  a  month.  Be- 
sides, what  is  there  to  find  out  ?  A  Catholic  had  need  be  a 
subtle  dog,  and  furnished  with  all  the  lore  of  the  schools,  to 
make  the  New  Testament  speak  in  favour  of  his  church ; 
but  a  Baptist,  whose  whole  religion  lies  in  believing  a  few 
plain  facts,  and  in  imitating  that  very  plain  example,  Jesus 
Christ,  —  what  hath  he  to  do  to  rack  his  invention,  and 
to  assemble  all  apologies,  ancient  and  modern,  to  justify 
him  for  doing  so.  Oh!  but  there  are  some  beautiful 
readings,  and  fine  criticisms,  and  strokes  of  oratory, 
which  deserve  the  study  of  a  minister  of  Christ !  Well, 
God  forgive  me,  poor  sinner  that  I  am!  I  feel  three 
pounds,  gained  honestly  by  the  sale  of  a  fat  bullock,  pro- 
duce more  fire  in  my  spirit,  than  all  those  pretty  but  poor 
tassels  and  spangles  can  give  me.  With  three  pounds  I 
can  set  fire  to  ten  cold  hearts,  frozen  with  infirmity  and 
widowhood,  poverty  and  fear.  Half  a  guinea  will  pur- 
chase the  native  eloquence  of  a  grateful  old  woman ;  and 
she,  if  I  set  her  to  read,  will  give  me  a  criticism  of  the 
heart,  and  the  finest  reading  in  the  world.  Oh !  bless  the 
old  soul !  what  honied  accents  she  pours  into  my  ear!  If 
I  can  honestly  get,  and  afford  to  give  away  three  pounds, 
it  will  always  be  my  own  fault  if  I  be  not  very  happy. 
Now  then  set  me  to  preach.  How  is  it  possible  I  should 
be  dull !  The  luxury  of  living  to  the  glory  of  God  and 
the  good  of  society ;  the  joy  of  having  saved  a  forlorn 
and  forgotten  cripple  from  hanging  herself  in  despair; 
the  felicity  of  setting  fire  to  incense  that  burns  to  the 
glory  of  God ;  these  are  preparations  for  the  pulpit,  which 
the  "cold  consumer  of  midnight  oil  never  derives  from  his 
accents  and  quantities.  I  was  the  other  night  in  our 
vestry  with  several  gownsmen  just  before  the  lecture.  In 
comes  one  of  my  sister  Abigails.  '  How  do  you  do,  Sarah  ? 
I  am  glad  to  see  you  returned  safe  from  visiting  your 
familv  at  Soham.'— '  Bless  the  Lord,  Sir,  I  am.  We  heard 


342 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  s.  jv.  OCT.  31,  '63. 


Mr.  Watts  on  the  Lord's  day,  and  were  very  much  edifice 
indeed.     But  the  day  after  we  were  coming  out  of  town, 
my  husband   saw  him — and,  poor  creature,   he  was   so 
shocked!     O  Sir!'  —  Thunderstruck  at  all  this,  I  trem- 
bled, expecting  to  hear  before  the  gown  that  my  poor 
brother  Watts  was  seen  drunk,  or  some  such  thing.   Lord, 
thought  I,  happy  is  that  man  who  hath  not  a  foolish 
babbling  good   woman  in   his  congregation.    I   looked 
pale.     Sarah  went  on — '0  Sir!  there  was  the  poor  man 
on  the  top  of  a  ladder  a  thatching  a  rick.'    I  laughed, 
but  stamped,  and  said — '  Have  I  bestowed  so  much  in- 
struction upon  you  and  your  husband  for  nothing?     Are 
you  yet  in  a  state  of  infancy?     I  honour  the  man,  and 
must  be  acquainted  with  him.' — 'Dear  Sir,  he  works  five 
days,  and  has  only  Saturday  to  study.'     '  Well,  Sarah,  I 
shall  try  to  convince  him  that  he  ought  to  work  six 
days :  for  one  day  will  never  make  him  a  scholar,  and  his 
people  are  only  a  set  of  turf-diggers :  and  fourteenpence 
more  in  his  pocket  every  Lord's  day  will  make  him  preach 
with  more  vigour,  and  rattle  the  gospel  with  more  power 
into  the  turf- men's  souls.    I  appeal  to  these  learned  gen- 
tlemen.'   After  all,  the  prejudices  of  the  common  people 
are  very  great  against  the  secular  employments  of  minis- 
ters; and  while  we  pursue  them,  we  should  take  care 
and  not  give  any  unnecessary  offence.    This  last  seed- 
time I  was  in  my  field  along  with  a  young  gentleman 
who  looks  after  my  farm,  and  he  was  digging  a  water- 
furrow  across  a  land.     It  was  a  strong  clayey  soil,  and  he 
groaned,  so  that  in  pity  I  took  the  spade  and  went  into 
the  ditch,  which  was  very  dauby,  and  presently  groaned 
too,  at  which  he  fell  a  laughing.     '  What  do  you  laugh 
at  ?  ' — '  Pardon  me,  Sir,  1  recollected  that  a"  minister 
lately  said  in  his  sermon  that  preaching  was  the  hardest 
work  that  was  done  under  the  sun.'—'  I  wish  the  fool  was 
in  this  ditch ;  he  would  soon  learn  that  some  of  his  au- 
thors had  taught  him  to  tell  fibs.'    Farewell,  my  most 
affectionate  friend ;  industry,  plenty,  frugality,  prosperity, 
generosity,  and  piety  be  with  you. — Amen.    Yours  ever, 
"  ROBERT  ROBINSON." 

Now  this  man,  while  running  on  against  a 
learned  clergy,  was  collecting  the  materials  for  his 
History  of  Baptism  (1790),  a  work  which  all 
grades  of  opinion  pronounce  learned,  and  showing 
very  varied  reading.  He  was  allowed  the  use  of 
the  college  libraries,  which  must  be  honourably 
mentioned :  for  though  in  our  day  the  colleges 
would  not  think  a  loan  of  books  to  a  learned  non- 
conformist anything  on  which  greatly  to  plume 
themselves,  it  miojht  have  been  otherwise  in  1789. 
The  following  letter  could  not  have  been  a  sample 
of  every  day.  I  give  these  letters  entire,  Dyer's 
book  being  scarce :  — 

"  To  Henry  Keene,  Esq. 

"  Chesterton,  May  26, 1784. 

"Old  Friend, — You  love  I  should  write  folios :  that  de- 
pends upon  circumstances,  and  if  the  thunderstorm  lasts, 
it  shall  be  so :  but  what  a  sad  thing  it  is  to  be  forced  to 
write  when  one  has  nothing  to  say.  Well,  you  shall  have 
an  apology  for  hot  writing,— that  is,  a  diary  of  one  day. 

"Rose  at  three  o'clock;  crawled  into  the  library,  and 
met  one  who  said 'Yet  a  little  while  is  the  light  with 
you:  walk  while  ye  have  the  light— the  night  cometh 
when  no  man  can  work— my  Father  worketh  hitherto, 
and  I  work.'  Rang  the  great  bell,  and  roused  the  girls 
to  milking ;  went  up  to  the  farm,  roused  the  horsekeeper ; 
fed  the  horses  while  lie  was  getting  up ;  called  the  boy 
to  suckle  the  calves  and  clean  out  the  cowhouse ;  lighted 


the  pipe,  walked  round   the  gardens   to   see  what   was 
wanted  there ;  went  up  the  paddock  to  see  if  the  weanling 
calves  were  well;  went  down  to  the  ferry  to  see  whether 
the  boy  had  scooped  and  cleaned  the  boats ;  returned  to 
the  farm;  examined  the  shoulders,  heels,  traces,  chaff, 
and  corn  of  eight  horses  going  to  plough ;  mended  the 
acre-staff;  cut  some  thongs ;  whipcorded  the  boys'  plough- 
whips;  pumped  the  troughs  full;  saw  the  hogs  fed;  ex- 
amined the  swill-tubs,  and  then  the  cellar;  ordered  a 
quarter  of  n.alt,  for  the  hogs  want  grains  and  the  men 
want  beer ;  filled  the  pipe  again,  returned  to  the  river,  aJtd 
bought  a  lighter  of  turf  for  dairy  fires,  and  another  of  sedge 
for  ovens ;  hunted  up  the  wheelbarrows,  and  set  them  a 
trundling ;  returned  to  the  farm,  called  the  men  to  break- 
fast, and  cut  the  boys'  bread  and  cheese,  and  saw  the 
wooden  bottles  filled ;  sent  one  plough  to  the  three  roods, 
another   to  the  three    half  acres,  and  so  on ;    shut  the 
gates,  and  the  clock  struck  five ;  breakfasted ;  set  two 
men  to  ditch  the  five  roods ;  two  men  to  chop  sads,  and 
spread  about  the  land;  two  more  to  throw  up  muck  in 
the  yard ;  and  three  men  and  six  women  to  weed  wheat ; 
set  on  the  carpenter  to  repair  cow-cribs,  and  set  them  up 
till  winter;  the  wheeler  to  mend  up  the  old  carts,  cart- 
ladders,  rakes,  &c.  preparatory  to  hay  time  and  harvest ; 
walked  to  the  six-acres,  found  hogs  in  the  grass ;  went 
back,  and  set  a  man  to  hedge  and  thorn ;  sold  the  butcher 
fat  calf,  and  the  suckler  a  lean  one ;  the  clock  strikes 
nine;    walked    into  barley  field;   barleys   fine,  picked 
off  a  few  tiles  and  stones,  and  cut  a  few  thistles;  the 
Deas  fine  but  foul;  the  charlock  must  be  topped;    the 
:ares  doubtful,  the  fly  seems  to  have  taken  them  ;  prayed 
'or  rain,  but  could  not  see  a  cloud ;  came  round  to  the 
wheat-field ;  wheats  rather  thin,  but  the  finest  colour  in 
the  world ;  sent  four  women  on  to  the  shortest  wheats ;  or- 
dered one  man  to  weed  the  ridge  of  the  long  wheats,  and 
;wo  women  to  keep  rank  and  file  with  him  in  the  furrows ; 
thistles  many;  bluebottles  no  end;  traversed  all  the  wheat- 
field;  came   to  the  fallow-field;  the  ditchers  have  run 
crooked;  set  them  straight;  the  flag- sads  cut  too  much, 
rush -sads  too  little,  strength  wasted,  show  the  men  how  to 
three-corner  them  ;  laid  out  more  work  for  the  ditchers ; 
went  to  the  ploughs,  set  the  foot  a  little  higher,  cut  a  wedge, 
set  the  coulter  deeper,  must  go  and  get  a  new  mould-board 
against  to-morrow ;  went  to  the  other  plough  ;  picked  up 
some  wool,  and  tied  over  the  traces;  mended  a  horse- 
tree,  tied  a  thong  to  the  plough-hammer ;  went  to  see 
which  lands  wanted  ploughing  first ;  sat  down  under  a 
bank  [time,  I  think] ;  wondered  how  any  man  could  be 
so   silly   as  to   call   me  reverend;  read  two  verses,  and 
thought  of  his  loving  kindness  in  the  midst  of  his  temple; 
gave  out '  Come  all  harmonious  tongues,'  and  set  Mount 
Ephraim   tune ;    rose   up ;    whistled ;    the  dogs  wagged 
their  tails  and  on  we  went;  got  home;   dinner  ready; 
filled  the  pipe ;  drank  some  milk;  and  fell  asleep;  woke 
by  the  carpenter  for  some  slats  which  the  sawyer  must 
cut ;  the  Rev.  Messrs.  A.  in  a  coat,  B.  in  a  gown  of  black, 
and  C.  in  one  of  purple,  came  to  drink  tea,  and  to  settle 
whether  Gomer  was  the  father  of  the  Celts  and  Gauls  and 
Britons,  or  only  the  uncle ;  proof  sheet  from  Mr.  Arch- 
deacon ;  corrected  it ;  washed ;  dressed ;  went  to  meeting 
and  preached  from  'The  end  of  all  things  is  at  hand,  be 
ye  faithful  and  watch  unto  prayer ' ;  found  a  dear  brother 
reverence  there,  who  went  home  with  me,  and  edified  us 
all  out  of  Solomon's  Song,  with  a  dish  of  tripe  out  of  Levi- 
ticus, and  a  golden  candlestick  out  of  Exodus.     Really 
and  truly  we  look  for  you  and  Mrs.  Keene  and  Mr.  Dove 
at  harvest ;  and  if  you  do  not  come,  I  know  what  you  all 
are    ....    Is  not  this  a  folio  ?     And  like  many  other 
folios?    .     .     .»' 

Well  done,  historian  of  Baptism  !    And  what  a 
guarantee  for  his  references  is  the  proof  that  he 


3rd  S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


343 


knew  so  well  the  worth  of  the  eye  of  the  master  ! 
He  wrote  the  History  and  Mystery  of  Good 
Friday,  a  tract  which,  though  distasteful  to  epi- 
scopalians of  even  moderate  adhesion,  was  greedily 
bought  and  often  reprinted.  But  his  History  and 
Mystery  of  May  26,  1784,  would  have  been  even 
more  sought  for,  if  it  had  been  separately  pub- 
lished. The  first  of  the  two  letters  was  provoked 
by  some  "  godly  boobies,"  as  he  called  them  — 
colleagues  in  the  ministry,  it  would  seem,  who 
objected  to  his  farming  as  unclerical.  He  was 
systematically  satirical  upon  his  brethren,  which 
he  called  "  pricking  the  bladder."  Preachers, 
said  he,  are  too  full  of  wind,  and  it  is  mercy 
to  let  it  out.  The  following  was  written  to  Mr. 
Dunscorabe,  on  the  state  of  some  of  the  congrega- 
tions :  — 

"  It  is  really  deplorable  to  see  the  condition  of  some  of 
these  churches ;  some  sapling  of  a  minister  collects  and 
embodies  weaklings  like  himself;  a  sort  of  insipid  chit- 
chat is  made  the  test  of  a  Christian  ;  and  as  men  of  sense 
will  not  disgrace  their  understandings  by  chaunting  such 
stuff,  they  are  left.  Not  one  of  these  church-babies  fore- 
sees that  in  human  societies,  human  frailties  must  pro- 
duce disagreeables;  not  one,  therefore,  is  prepared  to 
meet  such  things,  but  in  the  moment  of  a  difference,  void  of 
all  prudence,  moderation,  or  decency,  out  they  set  a  cry- 
ing, scaring  themselves,  and  bellowing  up  the  multitude, 
as  if  the  world  were  at  an  end:  when  nothing  is  the 
matter,  only  Billy  the  baby  has  broken  Billy  the  baby's 
doll." 

I  will  add,  from  Dyer,  that  Robinson  had  no 
hand  in  the  article  on  Bunyan  in  Kippis's  Sio- 
graphia  Britannica,  though  the  contrary  has  been 
asserted.  The  passage  signed  B.  was  written  by 
Broughton;  that  signed  1.  by  Dr.  Towers. 

George  Dyer  himself  was  at  one  time  a  student 
under  Robinson,  and  was,  for  a  while,  a  Baptist 
minister.  It  was  a  joke  against  him  —  but  only 
the  readers  of  Elia  can  fully  enjoy  it  —  that  he 
was  obliged  to  resign  his  ministry  from  awkward- 
ness in  his  office ;  that  he  attempted  baptism  only 
once,  upon  an  old  woman,  and  held  her  under 
water  in  a  fit  of  abstraction  until  she  was 
drowned.  This  Dyer  used  to  deny  with  the 
same  placid  good  faith  with  which  he  denied  that 
he  had  walked  into  the  New  River,  and  with 
which  he  would  have  denied  that  he  had  been 
seen  baptizing  the  moon.  His  remarks  on  the 
two  letters  which  I  have  quoted  are  made  with 
such  simple  gravity,  and  the  intent  of  the  letters 
is  so  calmly  explained,  that  it  is  clear  he  did  not 
feel  the  humour  of  either.  Oh  for  the  memo- 
randa of  some  third  person  of  moderate  slyness 
who  had  seen  Robinson  and  Dyer  together  ! 

One  of  the  same  name,  but  not  a  relative,  Mr. 
Henry  Crabbe  Robinson,  collected  a  few  of  the 
anecdotes  which  his  intercourse  with  Robert 
Robinson's  friends  had  furnished,  and  published 
them  in  the  Christian  Reformer  for  1845.  Some 
of  these  I  abbreviate. 


The  undergraduates  frequently  interrupted  the 
services.  One  of  them  wagered  that  he  would  stand 
on  the  pulpit  stairs  with  an  ear-trumpet  through 
the  whole  sermon,  as  if  deaf.  He  did  so  for  a 
time,  to  the  great  amusement  of  his  congeners. 
Robinson  took  no  notice  until,  having  to  say 
that  God's  grace  might  reach  any  one,  however 
worthless,  he  added,  placing  his  hand  on  the 
young  man's  head,  "I  hope  it  may  one  day  be 
extended  to  this  silly  boy."  Down  went  trum- 
pet, gown,  and  all,  to  the  loss  of  the  wager.  I 
may  add,  from  Dyer,  that  the  congregation,  in  a 
public  letter  to  Dr.  Farmer,  acknowledged  that 
never,  in  one  single  instance,  had  they  been  in- 
terrupted by  a  graduate.  But  the  undergraduates, 
at  one  time,  made  a  permanent  practice  of  it : 
they  subjected  the  women  to  gross  insult :  and, 
on  one  occasion,  paraded  a  bad  woman  in  the 
aisle,  dressed  as  an  undergraduate.  The  heads  of 
houses  promised  to  put  a  stop  to  the  nuisance, 
but  did  not  succeed :  perhaps  they  saw  that 
sharper  remedies  would  be  required  than  their 
feelings  would  allow  them  to  employ  on  behalf  of 
Dissenters.  They  deserve  the  reflection,  for  when, 
after  long  suffering,  Robinson  tried  the  use  of  an 
act  of  parliament,  a  fine  of  501.,  good-naturedly 
commuted  into  a  public  apology,  procured  for  the 
Dissenters  of  the  University  town  the  freedom 
from  annoyance  which,  as  was  remarked  at  the 
time,  was  enjoyed  by  their  brethren  in  the  sea- 
ports. The  misconduct  has  been  repeated  in  our 
own  day,  and  actual  imprisonment  of  some  of- 
fenders has  been  found  necessary.  But  for  this  I 
should  not  have  recalled  the  old  story.  It  will 
strengthen  the  hands  of  that  large  majority  of  the 
existing  race  of  undergraduates  on  whose  opinion, 
more  than  on  anything  else,  the  absence  of  such 
disorders  depends,  to  be  reminded  from  without 
that  the  University  is  not  merely  their  affair  and 
that  of  their  tutors,  but  also  of  all  those  who  are 
scattered  through  the  world,  having  once  been 
what  they  are  now. 

An  elderly  officer  told  a  friend  of  Mr.  H.  C. 
Robinson  that  he  was  once  in  a  coach  with  R. 
Robinson,  who,  after  a  time,  began  to  interlard 
all  his  stories  with  the  exclamation  "  Bottles  and 
Corks !  "  On  being  asked  why  he  did  this,  with 
the  remark  that  the  stories  were  not  improved  by 
it,  he  said  that  he  had  observed  his  querist  used 
certain  exclamations  which  he  considered  irre- 
verent at  least,  if  not  sinful ;  that  he  piqued 
himself  on  his  stories,  and  desired  to  use  every 
innocent  means  of  improving  them. 

"  Do  you  deny,"  said  D.D.,  "  that  the  Scarlet 
Lady  is  a  type  of  Rome?" — "  Not  in  the  least, 
Doctor,  if  you  will  acknowledge  the  Church  of 
England  to  be  a  common  strumpet."  A  Presby- 
terian roared  with  laughter.  "  I  did  not  mean, 
Sir,"  continued  Robinson,  in  a  more  serious  tone, 
"  to  give  you  a  triumph.  I  reverence  the  Holy 


344 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3''<t  S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63. 


Scriptures  too  much  to  like  to  hear  them  em- 
ployed to  express  our  bad  passions ;  but  if  we 
are  to  make  use  of  an  image  not  suited  to  our 
manners,  I  would  say  all  I  think  on  the  subject. 
It  is  my  opinion  that  the  Church  of  Rome  is  the 
scarlet  . ;  the  Church  of  England,  a  common 
strumpet ;  and  the  Church  of  Scotland,  a  lady  of 
easy  virtue." 

Arguing  with  a  defender  of  what  he  deemed 
corruptions  in  the  Church,  Robinson  was  met 
with  a  repetition  of  "  I  don't  see  that." — "  No  ?  " 
said  Robinson;  "  do  you  see  this  ?  "  writing  "  God" 
on  a  card. — "  Of  course  I  do,  —  what  then  ?  " — 
"Do  you  see  it  now  ?  I  suspect  not,"  said  Robin- 
son, covering  the  word  with  a  half-crown.  The 
opponent  was  one  who  had  an  interest  in  the 
matter.  This  story  is  also  told  of  Robert  Hall, 
with  reference  to  an  old  colleague  who  had  gone 
over  to  the  Establishment,  and  got  a  living :  in 
this  way,  no  doubt,  the  razor  is  keener. 

It  was  suspected  that  Robinson  did  not  believe 
in  the  personality  of  the  Devil,  which  in  his  day 
was  considered  something  like  Socinianism,  if  not 
Atheism.  At  a  meeting  of  ministers,  he  heard  a 
whisper  to  this  effect.  "  Brother  !  brother !  "  he 
cried  out,  "  don't  misrepresent  me.  How  do  you 
think  I  can  dare  to  look,  you  in  the  face,  and  at  the 
same  time  deny  the  existence  of  a  devil  ?  Is  he 
not  described  in  holy  writ  as  the  accuser  of  the 
brethren  ? "  On  another  occasion,  a  good  but 
not  very  wise  man,  asking  him  in  a  tone  of  sim- 
plicity and  surprise,  "  Don't  you  believe  in  the 
Devil  ? "  Robinson  answered  him  in  like  tone, 
"  Oh  dear  no  !  I  believe  in  God ;  don't  you  ?  " 

The  late  William  Nash,  of  Royston,  ten  years  j 
younger   than   Robinson,  was   one   of  his   most  | 
intimate  friends.      If  any   one  could  say  what 
Robinson  was  personally  like,  he  could.     He  and 
Mr.  Crabbe  Robinson  once  went  to  hear  the  well- 
known  Wm.  Huntingdon  preach,   the   notorious 
S.S.     It  is,  by  the  way,  a  curious  illustration  of  j 
that  planing  down  to   which   I   alluded   at  the  ! 
beginning,  that  Gorton's  article  has  not  a  word 
about  S.S.,  the  distinctive  mark  of  the  man.     On  I 
leaving,  Mr.  Nash  said,  in  a  tone  of  real  mortifi- 
cation, "  I  am  very  sorry  I  came  here.     I  am  sadly 
afraid,  from  all  I  have  heard  of  this  man,  that  he 

is  a ;  and,  of  all  the  men  I  ever  knew,  dear 

Robert  Robinson  was  the  very  best.  Now,  they 
are  so  alike,  that  it  is  quite  shocking.  He  has 
Robinson's  voice,  and  his  manner,  and  his  style. 
It  is  the  very  man  over  again.  How  two  persons 
so  different,  internally  should  be  so  alike  exter- 
nally is  quite  a  mystery !  " 

Perhaps  this  recapitulation  may  produce  more 
authenticated  anecdotes. 

A.  DE  MORGAN. 


AMERICAN  MAJOR-GENERALS. 

I  cut  the  following  from  the  Boston  (U.  S.) 
Commonwealth  of  September  11,  1863.  I  wish  you 
would  reprint  it  in  your  pages.  The  list  will  be 
very  useful  to  future  historians ;  and  if  not  pre- 
served in  "  N.  &  Q."  it  will  certainly  not  be  ac- 
cessible on  this  side  the  Atlantic :  — 

"  The  list  of  Major-Generals  now  stands  as  follows :  — 
George  B.  McClellan,  John  C.  Fremont,  Henry  W.  Hal- 
leck,  Ulysses  S.  Grant,  with  one  vacancy.  Within  the 
past  year  Major-General  Wool  has  been  retired. 

"  The  army  corps  are  now  commanded  as  follows :  — 
1st.  General  John  Newton;  2nd.  General  Winfield  S. 
Hancock ;  3rd.  General  Daniel  E.  Sickles ;  4th.  Consoli- 
dated with  others ;  5th.  General  George  Sykes ;  6th  Ge- 
neral John  Sedgwick ;  7th.  Consolidated  with  others ; 
8th.  General  Robert  C.  Schenck ;  9th.  General  John  C. 
Park ;  10.  General  Quincy  A.  Gilmore ;  llth.  General  Oli- 
ver 0.  Howard ;  12th.  General  Henrv  W.  Slocum ;  13th. 
General  E.  0.  C,  Ord ;  14th.  GeneralGeorge  H. Thomas ; 
15th.  General  Walter  T.  Sherman;  16th.  General  Ste- 
phen A.  Hurlbut ;  17th.  General  James  B.  McPherson ; 
18th.  General  John  G.  Forster;  19th.  General  N.  P. 
Banks;  20th.  General  Alex.  McDowell  McCook;  21st. 
General  Thomas  L.  Crittenden ;  22nd.  General  Samuel 
P.  Heintzelman;  23rd  General  George  L.  Hartsuff; 
Cavalry  corps,  General  Stoneman. 

"  The  list  of  Brigadier-Generals  in  the  regular  army  is 
now  as  follows:  —  Irwin  McDowell,  Robert  Anderson, 
William  S.  Rosecrans,  Philip  St.  George  Cooke,  John 
Pope,  Joseph  Hooker,  George  G.  Meade,  with  two  vacan- 
cies. Of  these,  McDowell,  Rosecrans,  Pope,  Hooker,  and 
Meade,  are  Major-Generals  of  volunteers.  Within  the 
past  year  Brigadier-General  Harney  has  been  retired,  and 
it  is  reported  that  General  Cooke  has  been  summoned 
before  the  Retiring  Board. 

"  The  regular  army,  in  addition  to  the  above  grades, 
now  consists  of  an  Adjutant-General's  Department,  with 
Brigadier-General  Lorenzo  Thomas  at  the  head ;  a  Judge 
Advocate-General's  Department,  with  Col.  Joseph  Holt 
at  the  head ;  an  Inspector-General's  Department,  a  Quar- 
termaster's Department,  a  Subsistence  Department,  a  Me- 
dical Department,  a  Pay  Department,  and  an  Ordnance 
Department,  a  Corps  of  Engineers,  six  cavalry,  five  artil- 
lery, and  nineteen  infantry  regiments. 

"  There  are  now  seventy-one  Major-Generals  of  volun- 
teers, and  194  Brigadier-Generals. 

"The  following  is  the  present  list  of  the  military 
geographical  departments  and  their  commanders :  — 

"Department  of  the  Tennessee — Major-General  U.  S. 
Grant. 

"  Department  of  the  Cumberland — Major  W.  S.  Rose- 
crans. 

"Department  of  the  Ohio — Major-General  A.  E.  Burn- 
side. 

"Department  of  New  England — Major-General  John 
A.  Dix. 

"Department  of  the  Gulf— Major-General  Nathaniel 
P.  Banks. 

"  Departments  of  North  Carolina  and  Virginia — Major- 
General  John  G.  Foster. 

"  Department  of  the  Northwest — Major-General  John 
Pope. 

"Department  of  Washington— Major-General  S.  P. 
Heintzelman. 

"  Department  of  the  Mononghahela— Major-General 
W.  T.  H.  Brooks. 

"  Department  of  the  Susquehanna — Major-General  Da- 
rius N.  Couch. 


3rd  S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


345 


"  Department  of  Western  Virginia — Brigadier-General 
B.  F.  Kelley. 

"Department  of  NewMexico — Brigadier- General  James 
H.  Carleton. 

"  Department  of  Key  West — Brigadier-General  J.  M. 
Brannan. 

"Department    of   Kansas — Major- General   James    G. 
Blnnt. 

"  Middle  Department— Major-General  RobertC.  Schenck. 

"Department  of  the  South — Brigadier-General  Q.  A. 
Gillmore. 

"  Department  of  Missouri — Major-General    John    M, 
Schofield." 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 


WILLIAM  STEWART  ROSE. 

This  accomplished  scholar,  the  translator  of 
Ariosto,  the  author  of  the  Letters  from  the  North 
of  Italy,  and  the  friend  of  Sir  Walter  Scott, 
Canning,  the  Freres,  Lord  Holland,  and  Hallam, 
is  surely  entitled  to  a  place  in  any  general  bio- 
graphy. 

In  reply  to  an  inquiry  from  a  correspondent, 
you  state  (3rd  S.  iv.  280)  that  Mr.  Rose  died 
April  30,  1843  :  referring  to  a  biographical  notice 
of  him  prefixed  to  his  translation  of  the  Orlando 
Furioso,  in  Bohris  Illustrated  Library,  and  which 
was  written  by  his  friend  the  Rev.  Charles  Town- 
send,  Rector  of  Kingston-upon-the-Sea. 

It  is  surprising  that  Mr.  Rose's  death  is  not 
recorded  in  the  Gentlemaris  Magazine,  the  Annual 
Register,  or  the  Neurological  Table  of  the  Com- 
panion to  the  Almanac. 

From  Mr.  Townsend's  brief  but  able  biogra- 
phical sketch,  we  learn  that  after  being  educated 
at  Eton,  where  he  was  distinguished,  Mr.  Rose 
was  for  a  short  period  at  Cambridge. 

It  appears,  from  Mr.  Stapylton's  Eton  School 
Lists  (a  very  useful  work,  which  we  think  has  not 
yet  been  noticed  in  your  columns),  that  he  was  in 
the  upper  division  of  the  fifth  form  at  Eton  in 
1791  and  1793.  Mr.  Stapylton  gives  only  the 
initials  of  his  Christian  name,  and  seems  to  have 
been  unconscious  of  his  literary  eminence ;  but 
mentions  his  contribution  to  Musce  Etonenses.  As 
he  was  never  matriculated  at  Cambridge,  we  have 
had  some  difficulty  in  ascertaining  his  College. 
We  find,  however,  that  William  Rose  of  Middle- 
sex, from  Eton,  was  admitted  a  pensioner  of  St. 
John's  College,  March  3,  1794.  His  age  is  not 
given  in  the  admission  book.  Notwithstanding 
this,  and  the  suppression  of  the  second  Christian 
name,  yet,  having  regard  both  to  the  date  of  the 
admission  and  his  school,  there  can,  we  think,  be 
no  reasonable  doubt  that  the  William  Rose  so 
admitted  is  identical  with  the  subject  of  this 
notice;  who,  being  born  in  1775,  would  then  be 
about  nineteen. 

The  following  curious  allusions  to  the  Univer- 
sity of  Cambridge  occur  in  his  "  Court  and  Par- 
liament of  Beasts :"  — 


"  And  next  (for  he  would  cultivate  diversity 

Of  genius)  the  Dog  cast  the  firm  foundation 
Of  a  far-fam'd  and  learned  university, 

Where  every  beast  obey'd  his  own  vocation ; 
And  from  old  brutes,  in  various  arts  profess'd, 
Studied  that  art  alone  which  pleas'd  him  best. 
"  The  tenure  of  this  body  was  a  charter, 

Renewable  at  each  two  hundred  years; 
Like  that  of  company,  enroll'd  for  barter. — 

0  Cambridge,  nurse  of  Princes  and  of  Peers ! 
Thus  renovated,  thou  would  cease  to  doat, 
Nor  thy  cramm'd  wranglers  wrangle  still  by  rote. 
"  But  some  prefer  what  goes  against  the  grain, 

Upon  the  principle  we  drive  a  pig ; 
And  hence  they  say,  that  with  immortal  strain, 

This  Cambridge  has  been  often  big. 
Has  turn'd  out  Milton,  Dryden,  Prior,  and  Gray, 
Frere,  Coleridge,  and  Lord  Byron,  in  our  day." 

Canto  ii.  Stan.  48—51. 

Information  respecting  Mr.  Rose  and  his  works 
may  be  derived  from  Lockhart's  Life  of  Scott ; 
Scott's  Introduction  to  the  first  canto  of  Mar- 
mion ;  Quarterly  Review,  xxi.  486,  627 ;  xxii.  357  ; 
xxvi.  191;  xxx.  40,  151,  590;  xxxiii.  597; 
xxxvi.  302,  603  ;  Ivi.  400  ;  Iviii.  465  ;  Ixiii.  131 ; 
Lowndes's  Bibl.  Man.,  edit.  Bohn,  386,  1334, 
2129;  Watt's  Bill.  Brit.;  Bodl.  Cat,  iii.  313; 
Biogr.  Diet,  of  Living  Authors ;  Chambers's  Cycl. 
Eng.Lit.,  ii.  672 ;  Musce  Etonenses,  edit.  Herbert,  ii. 
149  ;  Gent.  Mag.,  Ixxviii.  196  ;  Ixxxviii.  (2)  446  ; 
Lord  Byron's  Works  (one  vol.  edit.),  25, 144, 530  ; 
Moore's  Life  of  Byron  (one  vol.  edit.),  377  ;  and 
Martin's  Bibl.  Cat.  of  Privately  Printed  Books, 
(2nd  edit.),  468.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 


ORIGIN  OF  THE  CARRIAGE  CALLED  «  A  FLY." 

The  London  cab  is  elsewhere  called  "  a  Fly," 
and  I  have  frequently  wondered  what  may  have 
been  the  origin  of  the  name.  For,  although  it 
would  seem  that  the  name  had  been  given  to  this 
vehicle  from  its  flying,  or  having  a  greater  speed 
than  its  predecessors ;  yet  I  have  heard  it  said,  on 
the  contrary,  that  it  was  so  called  from  its  slow, 
crawling,  fly-like  movements.  Indeed,  such  a 
connection  existed  between  the  vehicle  and  the 
insect  in  the  mind  of  a  lady-friend  of  mine,  who 
had  lived  so  long  upon  the  continent  as  well  nigh 
to  forget  her  mother-tongue,  that,  having  occasion 
to  order  a  fly,  and  just  at  the  moment  not  pre- 
cisely remembering  the  particularly  insect  whose 
name  she  should  use,  she  utterly  confounded  the 
waiter  of  the  hotel  by  requesting  him  to  order  a 
beetle  to  be  brought  to  the  door  to  convey  her  to 
the  railway  station. 

Again,  I  have  heard  that  the  word  originated 
in  slang,  where  "  fly,"  as  a  verb,  means  "  to  raise, 
or  lift ; "  and  hence,  one  who  "  had  a  lift "  in  the 
vehicle,  would  be  said  to  ride  in  the  fly.  A  re- 
ference to  the  Indices  to  the  volumes  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
shows  that  the  origin  and  meaning  of  this  word 


346 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3**  S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63. 


have  not  yet  been  elucidated  in  these  pages.  Four 
years  ago  (2nd  S.  viii.  451),  a  correspondent  asked, 
"  what  was  a  fly-boat  of  the  reign  of  Elizabeth  ?  " 
but  this  cognate  query  has  not  yet  been  replied 
to ;  though  I  may  say,  that  Bailey's  definition  of 
"  a  fly-boat,  a  large  vessel  with  a  broad  bow,  used 
in  the  coasting  trade,"  does  not  apply  to  the 
modern  "  fly-boats  "  used  on  canals.  Hone's  Table 
Book,  ii.  560,  gives  a  description  and  illustration  of 
a  boat  on  wheels,  driven  like  a  stage  coach,  and 
called  "  the  Malton,  Driffield,  and  Hull  fly-boat." 
The  subject  appears  to  possess  sufficient  interest 
to  warrant  me  in  transcribing  for  your  pages  the 
following  passage  from  the  History  of  Briglithelm- 
stone,  the  twelfth  and  concluding  part  of  which 
was  published  at  Brighton,  in  December,  1862,  its 
pains-taking  and  talented  author,  Mr.  John  Ac- 
kerson  Erridge,  having  dropped  dead  on  Nov.  5, 
aged  52,  "  whilst  talking  cheerfully  to  the  pub- 
lisher." But  his  History  of  Brighton  was  com- 
pleted, and  is  a  valuable  and  entertaining  work,  to 
which,  however,  an  Index  might  usefully  be  added. 

"During  the  erection  of  the  royal  stables,  in  Church 
Street,  in  1809,  a  carpenter  who  lived  in  Jew  Street, 
named  John  Butcher,  uncle  to  Mr.  Butcher  of  the  present 
firm,  Messrs.  Cheesman  and  Butcher,  chinamen,  North 
Street,  accidentally  fell  and  injured  himself.  Upon  his 
recovery,  not  being  able  to  resume  the  heavy  work  of  his 
trade,  he  constructed  a  machine  of  a  similar  make  to  the 
sedan  chair,  and  placed  it  upon  four  wheels.  It  was 
drawn  by  hand,  in  the  same  manner  as  Bath  chairs,  while 
an  assistant,  when  the  person  being  conveyed  was  heavy, 
pushed  behind.  Its  introduction  was  quite  a  favourite 
feature  amongst  the  nobility,  and  a  second  fly  in  conse- 
quence was  soon  constructed.  These  two  vehicles  were 
extensively  patronised  by  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  his 
noble  companions;  and,  from  being  employed  by  them  on 
special  occasions  of  a  midnight  'lark,'  they  received  the 
name  of  '  fly-by-nights,'  and  soon  entirely  superseded 
sedan  chairs,  except  for  invalids  on  their  conveyance  to 
and  from  the  baths.  Butcher,  from  the  great  success 
which  attended  his  project,  being  desirous  that  his  flys 
should  have  a  more  elegant  appearance  than  his  ability  in 
the  ornamental  could  effect,  sent  one  of  them,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  being  repainted  and  varnished,  to  Mr.  Blaker, 
coach  maker,  Regent  Street,  and  he,  having  an  eye  to 
business,  purloined  the  design,  and  improved  upon  it  by 
making  two  or  three  to  be  drawn  by  horses." — P.  192. 

A  note  on  a  college  club  called  "  The  Fly -by- 
nights,"  appeared  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  2nd  S.  xii.  289. 

CCTHBERT  BEDE. 


JACK  PRESBYTER. 

I  think  the  following  spirited  verses,  which  form 
a  sort  of  prelude  to  a  curious  tract  in  my  posses- 
sion, worthy  of  reprinting  in  "  N.  &  Q-'  The 
title  of  the  tract  is  eminently  characteristic  of  the 
time,  and  as  I  am  not  aware  that  it  has  been 
edited,  I  subjoin  it  verbatim  et literatim:  — 

"  A  Proper  Project  for  Scotland.  To  Startle  Fools  and 
Frighten  Knaves,  but  to  make  Wise  Men  Happy.  Being 
a  Safe  and  Easy  Remedy  to  Cure  our  Fears  and  Ease  our 


Minds.  With  the  undoubted  Causes  of  God's  Wrath,  and 
of  the  present  National  Calamities.  By  a  Person  neither 
Unreasonably  Cameronian  nor  Excessively  Laodicean, 
and  Idolizer  of  Moderation ;  but,  entre  deux,  avoiding 
extreams  on  either  hand :  that  is,  a  Good,  Honest,  Sound 
Presbyterian,  a  Throwpac'd,  True-blue  Loyallist ;  for  God, 
King,*and  Countrey :  And  why  not  for  C — t  too  ?  Printed 
in  a  Land  where  SelFs  Cry'd  up,  and  Zeal's  Cry'd  down ; 
And  therefore,  In  a  time  of  Spiritual  Plagues  and  Tem- 
poral Judgements.  Anno  Dom.  1699. 

"  Unto  all  Courts,  Spiritual  and  Temporal ;  the 
Humble  and  Serious  Advice  of  the  Author. 
"  Jack  Presbyter,  if  you  would  thrive, 

Then  take  my  Counsel  while  it's  time ; 
All  Achans  you  must  quite  out-drive, 
Least  others'  sins  become  our  Crime. 

"  Old  Perjuries,  which  still  doth  haunt 
Us  like  a  Ghost,  where  e'er  we  go, 
For  Breach  of  Solemn  Covenant, 

Though  now  forgot  by  high  and  low. 

"  All  Jesuit  Priests,  and  Papist  Pesters. 

Which  still  infest  this  Ruin'd  Nation, 
With  Anti-Covenanting  Testers, 
Heart  Enemies  to  Reformation. 

"  All  Atheists,  Deists,  Debauchees, 

The  Brood  of  Hell,  spew'dfrom  the  Pit, 
And  Trembling  Quakers'  Blasphemies, 
All  which,  old  Nick  has  you  B . 

"  All  Aw-less,  Law-less,  God-less  Catives,' 

The  Plague  and  Scandal  of  our  Land, 
Deserving  not  the  name  of  Natives, 
Whose  Souls  the  D.  keeps  in  Pand. 

"  All  who  contemn  Church  Disciplin, 

Such  bold  and  impudent  Pretenders, 
Go  punish  by  your  Laws  Divine 
As  highly  Obstinat  Offenders. 

"  And  hiss  out  from  all  place  of  Trust, 

Who,  Jehu-like,  drives  Cursed  Self: 
For  all  their  Oaths  they'll  break  and  burst  ] 
If  once  you  offer  Bribe  or  Pelf. 

"  When  vou  have  sweep'd  this  Rubbish  out 

From  Church  and  State,  there  yet  remains 
Much  to  be  done,  beyond  all  doubt, 
By  Great  and  Small,  well  worth  your  pains. 

"  All  what's  Committed  to  your  Care, 

In  Matters  purely  Ecclesiastick, 
See  for  your  souls,  you  Quit  on  Hair 
Or  ho'ose,  to  such  as  are  Erastick. 

"  With  zeal  and  Courage  then  go  on  ; 

Stand  up  for  Truth  and  its  professors, 
Advancing  what  you  have  begun, 
Like  to  your  Noble  Predecessors. 

"  Brave  Publick  Sp'rits  (a  thing  so  rare 

In  this  degenerat  sordid  Age), 
See  that  you  Cherish  everywhere, 
Before  that  you  drop  off  the  Stage. 

•   "Ah  I  do  not  stop  a  Work  Divine, 

The  great  Work  of  your  Generation, 
Till  you  arrive  at  Fortie  Nine;  (Query.  1649), 
And  then,  0  then !  thrice  Happy  Nation, 

"  Then  Scotland's  Mourners.  Yonng  and  Old, 
Shall  shout  and  Sing  forth  Zion's  Sonnet, 
When  they  with  Joyful  Hearts  behold 
A  Glorious  Cape-Stone  put  upon  it. 


3*d  S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


347 


"  So  shall  your  poor  Posteritie, 

When  you  are  Crumbled  into  Dust, 
Proclaim  your  Fame,  both  far  and  nigh, 
As  Faithful  Men,  True  to  your  Trust." 

The  mention  in  this  tract  of  "  drowning "  as 
one  of  the  cruelties  practised  against  the  Cove- 
nanters, and  "  young  girls  of  fifteen,"  as  victims 
of  the  "  King's  Party  "  in  the  late  unhappy  reigns, 
goes  to  swell  the  evidence  in  favour  of  the  Bled- 
noch  Martyr  story  ;  but  it  is  not  required. 

The  anonymous  writer  — 

"  recommends  to  the  serious  perusal "  of  luke-warm 
Presbyterians,  with  the  alternative  of  sharing  the  fate  of 
"  Belshazzar  and  Magor  Missabib  "  (Pashur,  Jerem.  xx.  3) 
"  two  small  books  in  octavo,  next  to  the  Bible,  and  its 
most  fit  and  proper"  [Companion,  or  Commentary?] 
"  for  such  desperat  hardned  Sinners ;  the  one  called  Sighs 
from  Hell,  or  the  Groans  of  a  Damned  Soul;  the  other  is 
that  excellent  and  useful  piece,  Allein's  Alarm  to  the 
Unconverted." 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 


THE  SONS  OF  THOMAS  BUSBY,  MUS.  D. 

More  than  half  a  century  since,  the  wits  were 
merry  at  the  expence  of  Dr.  Busby  and  one  of 
his  sons.  Every  reader  of  Rejected  Addresses 
must  recollect  "  Architectural  Atoms,"  by  Dr. 
Busby,  to  be  recited  by  the  translator's  son ;  and 
the  more  recent  editions  contain  a  note,  relating 
how  the  son  once  took  possession  of  the  stage  at 
Drury  Lane,  and  began  to  recite  his  father's 
famous  address,  which  is  said  to  have  thus  com- 
menced :  — 

"  When  energising  objects  men  pursue, 
What  are  the  prodigies  they  cannot  do? 
A  magic  edifice  you  here  survey, 
Shot  from  the  ruins  of  the  other  day." 

An  article  on  Rejected  Addresses  in  the  Quar- 
terly, thus  concludes  :  — 

"  In  one  single  point  the  parodist  has  failed. — There  is 
a  certain  Doctor  Busby,  whose  supposed  address  is  a 
translation  called  'Architectural  Atoms,  intended  to  be 
recited  by  the  Translator's  Son.'  Unluckily,  however, 
for  the  wag  who  had  prepared  this  fun,  the  genuine  seri- 
ous absurdity  of  Doctor  Busby  and  his  son.  has  cast  all 
his  humour  into  the  shade.  The  Doctor  from  the  boxes, 
and  the  son  from  the  stage,  have  actually  endeavoured, 
it  seems  to  recite  addresses,  which  they  call  monologues 
and  unahgues, — and  which,  for  extravagant  folly,  tumid 
meanness,  and  vulgar  affectation,  set  all  the  powers  of 
parody  at  utter  defiance." —  Quarterly  Review,  viii.  181. 

The  Monthly  Magazine  for  July,  1811,  contains 
the  following  puff:  — 

"  Dr.  Busby  (Mu<5.  D.)  has  issued  proposals  for  pub- 
lishing his  new  Translation  of  Lucretius,  in  rhyme,  bv 
subscription,  in  two  elegant  volumes  in  quarto :  the  price 
to  subscribers  four  guineas,  to  be  paid  on  the  delivery  of 
the  work.  We  formerly  announced  that  Dr.  Busby  had 
invited  the  literati  of  the  metropolis  to  his  house  in 
Queen  Ann's  Street,  West,  on  successive  Saturday  even- 
ings, to  hear  this  Translation  recited  by  his  son,  Dr. 
Julian  Busby.  Nothing  could  have  been  more  brilliant 


than  these  assemblages,  or  more  gratifying  to  the  genius 
of  the  translator ;  they  also  did  credit  to  the  taste  of  the 
town,  and  indicated  that  the  author  would  be  liberally 
requited  for  a  labour  which  has  occupied  the  intervals  of 
a  long  life." — Monthly  Mag.,  xxxi.  558. 

Lord  Byron,  in  October,  1811,  satirised  Dr. 
Busby  and  his  son  in  a  "Parenthetical  Address 
by  Dr.  Plagiary,  to  be  spoken  in  an  inarticulate 
voice  by  Master  P.  at  the  opening  of  the  next 
new  theatre."  Moreover,  in  the  introduction  to 
"  The  Waltz,"  his  Lordship  makes  Horace  Hor- 
nem  refer  to  assistance  received  from  Dr.  Busby, 
whose  recitations  he  says  he  had  attended,  being 
monstrous  fond  of  Master  Busby's  manner  of 
delivering  his  father's  late  successful  "  Drury 
Lane  Address." 

George  Frederic  Busby  has  a  poetical  serenade 
in  the  Monthly  Magazine  for  June,  1812  (xxxiii. 
450)  ;  and  in  that  Magazine  for  June,  1813,  is  an 
article  thus  entitled  :  "  Proem  to  Dr.  Busby's 
j  Translation  of  Lucretius,  written  by  George  Fre- 
deric Busby,  Esq.,  and  recited  by  him  at  the 
Public  Readings  in  Queen  Anne  Street"  (xxxv. 
392). 

In  the  Preface  to  his  Translation  of  Lucretius, 
the  Doctor  refers  to  three  annual  series  of  recita- 
tions in  Queen  Ann  Street,  and  to  the  very  fa- 
vourable manner  in  which  the  efforts  of  the  reciter 
were  received ;  mentions  his  own  and  George 
Frederic  Busby's  introduction  to  the  Duke  of 
Sussex ;  and  thus  concludes  :  — 

"  Impressed,  not  only  with  the  sensations  of  a  father, 
but  with  those  of  one  individual  benefited  by  the  exertions 
of  another,  I  cannot  conclude  my  catalogue  of  obligations 
without  mentioning  the  extensive  aid  this  version  of 
Lucretius  has  derived  from  the  repeated  readings  by  Mr. 
G.  F.  Busby ;  whose  style  of  conveying  the  sense  of  the 
author  afforded  every  advantage  to  the  language  of  the 
translator.  If  any  farther  credit  be  wanting  to  him  with 
my  friends,  on  account  of  the  service  he  has  rendered  me, 
it  will  not  be  withheld  when  I  acquaint  them  that,  to 
promote  my  great  object,  he  has  from  time  to  time  volun- 
tarily withdrawn  his  attention  from  a  work  on  which  he 
is  himself  sedulously  engaged :  An  Entire  Translation  of 
the  Thebais  of  Stat.ius." 

In  the  Monthly  Magazine  for  Dec.  1814,  is  this 
announcement :  — 

"  Mr.  George  Frederic  Busby  is  preparing  a  lecture,  to 
be  delivered  by  him  at  Willis's  Rooms  in  the  course  of 
the  present  month,  founded  on  a  work  by  Dr.  Busby, 
which  will  speedily  appear  under  the  title  of  'Junius 
Discovered.'  " — Monthly  Mag ,  xxxviii.  452. 

We  have  not  found  any  subsequent  notice  of 
George  Frederic  Busby. 

A  Memoir  of  Dr.  Busby  (evidently  autobio- 
graphical), in  Public  Characters  of  1802-3,  gives 
the  following  information  as  to  his  family  :  — 

"  Dr.  Busby  has  had  seven  children :  five  of  whom, 
three  sons  and  two  daughters,  are  still  living.  They 
have  been  all  educated  at  home;  and  to  their  instruction 
Mrs.  Busby  has,  by  her  talents  and  accomplishments, 
considerably  contributed — the  Doctor  and  herself  having 
been  their  only  preceptors. 


348 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3"i  S.  IV.  OCT.  81,  '63. 


"  The  Doctor's  third  son  is  intended  for  the  musical 
profession;  and  though  little  more  than  eleven  years  of 
age,  already  evinces  powers  of  the  maturity  of  which  the 
highest  expectations  may  be  justly  formed.  He  now 
takes  the  organ  at  the  Cecilian  Society's  concerts  held  at 
Painters'  Hall.  His  execution  as  an  organ  or  pianoforte 
performer  is  truly  astonishing." 

Charles  Augustine  Busby,  architect,  a  son  of 
Dr.  Busby,  died  at  Brighton,  Sept.  18,  1834.  He 
was  the  inventor  of  the  hydraulic  orrery,  for 
which  he  had  the  gold  medal  of  the  Society  of 
Arts ;  and  took  out  two  patents  (one  of  which, 
by-the-bye,  is  omitted  in  the  Alphabetical  Index 
published  by  authority). 

Dr.  Busby  died  at  "Pentonville,  May  28,  1838, 
in  the  eighty-third  year  of  his  age.  He,  in  1801, 
took  the  degree  of  Mus.  D.  at  Magdalen  College 
in  this  University  ;  and  in  the  Combination  Room 
of  that  college  is  a  fine  portrait  of  him  by  Lons- 
dale,  which  was  presented  by  his  daughter. 

We  are  desirous  of  information  on  the  follow- 
ing points :  — 

1.  Had  Dr.  Busby  a  son  named  Julian  ? 

2.  What  was  the  name  of  his  third  son  referred 
to  as  intended  for  the  musical  profession,  and  who 
was  little  more  than  eleven  in  18*02  or  1803? 

3.  What  more  is  known  of  George   Frederic 
Busby,  or  of  his  projected  translation  of  Statins? 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 
Cambridge. 


SQUARE  NUMBERS.  —  Some  doubt  has  been  ex- 
pressed by  scientific  bibliographers  of  the  existence 
of  the  following  work,  which  I  find  bound  up  in 
a  volume  of  MS. :  A  Table  of  Ten  Thousand 
Square  Numbers,  small  folio,  London,  1672.  At 
the  end  :  — 

"  Having  the  two,  three,  or  four  last  figures  of  any 
Square  Number  to  exhibit,  as  many  of  the  last  figures 
of  its  side  is  a  Xew  Question:  To  which  the  just  an- 
swers are  manifold,  and  not  obvious.  A  particular  ac- 
count of  them  is  ready  for  the, press  when  it  shall  be 
desired.  By  John  Pell." 

WM.  DAVIS. 

Oscott. 

ALEXANDER  SELKIRK'S  CUP  AND  CHEST.  —  The 
following  cutting  I  have  taken  from  the  Hull  and 
Eastern  Counties  Herald  newspaper  of  this  date. 
Perhaps  you  may  think  it  worth  a  place  in 

"  N.  &  Q." 

"  The  cup  and  chest  of  Alexander  Selkirk,  the  world- 
famed  Robinson  Crusoe  of  Defoe,  has  now  become  the 
property  of  Mr.  James  Hutchinson,  a  person  residing  in 
London.  These  interesting  relics  have  up  to  this  time 
remained  in  possession  of  Selkirk's  descendants,  in  Largo, 
Fife,  where  he  was  born.  The  cup  was  put  upon  a  stalk 
and  mounted  with  silver  by  Sir  Walter  Scott.  It  is 
made  out  of  a  cocoanut,  and  rudely  carved.  The  chest  is 
very  heavv,  and  is  very  curiously  dovetailed." 

B. 

Hull.  Oct.  8,  18(io. 


INKSTAND.  —  There  is  a  sort  of  inkstand,  of 
which  there  are  some  in  England,  introduced 
from  abroad  ;  but  the  sort  is  not  generally  known  : 
and  if  they  can  be  procured,  I  should  like  to  know 
where ;  if  not,  I  think  that  public  notice  would 
cause  them  to  be  made.  This  inkstand  has  two 
points  of  superiority  over  most  others.  First,  the 
cup  which  protrudes  from  the  side  of  the  cylinder, 
and  from  which  the  pen  is  filled,  is  not  level  with 
the  bottom  of  the  cylinder,  but  a  little  higher  up  : 
the  consequence  is  that  the  pen  does  not  come  in 
the  way  of  the  sediment ;  this  of  course  sinks  to 
the  bottom,  below  the  cup.  Secondly,  the  cup  is 
filled  or  emptied,  according  as  the  implement  is 
or  is  not  in  use,  by  a  contrivance  which  cannot 
get  out  of  order.  The  cylinder  has  a  lid,  which 
need  not  be  air-tight,  through  which  works  a 
screw  :  the  screw  ends  in  an  internal  cylinder, 
which  is  raised  or  depressed  with  the  screw  itself. 
The  depression  of  the  internal  cylinder  raises  the 
ink  into  the  cup,  and,  as  the  internal  cylinder 
need  not  fit  very  closely,  into  the  interval  between 
the  two  cylinders.  This  apparatus  is  perfectly 
simple  and  permanent :  and  it  would  be  very  easy 
to  bring  a  linen  strainer  between  the  cup  and  the 
body  of  the  inkstand,  so  that  every  drop  of  ink 
should  be  strained  before  it  is  used.  In  the  ink- 
stands I  have  seen,  the  whole  cylinder  stands  in  a 
saucer,  which  has  pen-receivers,  and  a  roll  of 
sponge  encircling  the  cylinder.  This  saucer  of 
course  is  to  be  kept  full  of  water. 

A.  DE  MORGAN. 

PETER  WALTER. — This  great  usurer,  who  left 
300,000/.,  they  say,  at  a  time  when  one  cipher  less 
made  a  good  city  fortune,  is  fixed  in  the  mind  by 
two  lines  of  Pope  :  — 

"  What's  property,  dear  Swift,  you  see  it  alter, 
From  you  to  me,  from  me  to  Peter  Walter." 

He  is  said4 to  have  died  in  1746.  If  so,  the 
following  satire  was  published  during  his  life :  — 

"Some  papers  proper  to  be  read  before  theR — 1  Society, 
concerning  the  terrestrial  Chrysippus,  Golden-foot,  or 
Guinea;  an  insect,  or  vegetable^  resembling  the  Polypus, 
which  hath  this  surprising  property,  that  being  cut  into 
several  pieces,  each  piece  becomes  a  perfect  animal,  or 
vegetable,  as  complete  as  that  of  which  it  was  originally 
only  a  part.  Collected  by  Petrus  Gualterus,  but  not  pub- 
lished till  after  his  death."  London :  Printed  for  J.  Roberts, 
near  the  Oxford-Arms,  in  Warwick  Lane.  [Price  Six- 
pence.] 1743."  8vo,  pp.  31. 

Mynheer  Gualterus  is  represented  as  a  Dutch- 
man, and  the  paper  is  supposed  to  be  written  by 
him  in  French.  The  satire  seems  to  be  divided 
between  Walter  and  the  writer  on  the  polypus 
in  the  Philosophical  Transactions :  large  extracts 
are  made  which  seem  to  have  no  relation  to  the 
guinea,  and  have  little  meaning,  unless  it  be  in- 
sinuated that  the  polypus  is  little  better  than  such 
a  fiction  as  might  be  made  out  of  the  guinea.  I 
suspect  that  the  main  object  of  the  satire  is  the 


3rd  S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


349 


polypus,  to  which  Walter,  though  intended  for 
sarcasm,  is  secondary.  This  seems  to  be  con- 
firmed by  the  large  number  of  passages  in  italics 
and  in  capitals,  which  cannot  be  twisted  into 
allusion  to  the  guinea  by  any  forcing  process 
whatever. 

The  whole  is  by  Fielding,  and  the  tract  is  a 
reprint  from  the  second  edition  of  the  first  volume 
of  his  Miscellanies,  also  published  in  1743.  It  is 
a  true  reprint,  differing  in  type  from  the  volume. 

A.  DB  MORGAN. 

MERCHANT  TAYLORS.  —  In  Dr.  Hessey's  letter 
upon  my  dear  friend,  the  Rev.  T.  H.  Campbell, 
he  says  that  he  was  captain  of  Merchant  Taylors. 
This  is  a  mistake.  I  don't  know  whether,  among 
other  innovations,  this  term  and  office  have  crept 
into  Merchant  Taylors'  School  during  Dr.  Hes- 
sey's head  mastership,  or  no.  My  dear  friend  was 
head  monitor,  President  of  the  Honourable  Table, 
as  it  was  then  called — "Primus  inter  aequales," 
having  a  casting  vote  in  all  disputes,  but  no  more. 
I  much  regret  the  abolition  of  old  school  terms 
and  customs.  In  our  day  we  had  no  wish  that  the 
school  should  copy  others  ;  we  thought  it  and  its 
customs  the  best  we  knew.  Many  then  as  now 
wished  to  alter  its  citizen  character,  and  oligar- 
chical government ;  but  certainly  they  were  not 
its  most  loyal  and  affectionate  members.  X. 

PEAL  OF  BELLS  OF  EAST  WOODHAY  CHURCH, 
HANTS.  —  We  have  a  very  pretty  peal  of  bells 
here,  and  an  old  inhabitant  informed  me  the  other 
day  that  "  the  lady  who  stands  in  the  chancel, 
when  the  bells  were  being  cast,  took  to  the  founder 
a  lapfull  of  old  silver  which  she  had  saved  up,  to 
improve  their  tone."  The  "  lady "  referred  to 
was  a  Mrs.  Goddard,  whose  effigy,  with  that  of 
her  husband,  habited  in  the  costume  of  the  days 
of  Queen  Anne,  stands  on  either  side  of  a  monu- 
mental urn  in  the  chancel  of  the  church.  The 
tomb  is  a  very  fine  and  valuable  specimen  of  carv- 
ing in  alabaster,  and  both  figures  are  doubtless 
portraits.  My  old  informant  also  told  me  that  the 
"  lady  "  resided  at  a  place  called  "  Stargroves,"  and 
was,  at  the  time  tlie  bells  were  cast,  the  only  resident 
of  note  in  the  parish.  I  have  since  been  informed 
that  Oliver  Cromwell  slept  at  this  house  the  night 
before  the  battle  of  ISIewbury.  The  house  has, 
however,  been  pulled  down,  the  only  part  remain- 
ing being  a  portion  of  the  stables  to  the  present 
building.  This  note  may  be  of  use  to  the  future 
historian  of  Hampshire.  N.  H.  R. 

CROQUET. —  The  history  of  this  popular  game  is 
well  worthy  of  investigation.  A  notice  of  the 
"new  game  of  croquet"  meeting  the  eye  of  a 
Leicestershire  nobleman,  he  entered  the  shop  to 
assure  the  toyman  that  it  was  no  novelty,  for  it 
had  been  played  in  his  family  more  than  thirty 
years  ago.  A  friend  having  seen  it  in  Germany, 
balls  and  mallets  were  made  by  the  village  car- 


penter under  her  direction,  which  are  still  in  ex- 
istence to  testify  to  the  fact.  How  much  further 
back  can  it  be  traced  ? 

"  N.  &  Q. "  having  afforded  essential  service  to 
photography  by  helping  to  bring  it  to  maturity, 
might  perform  the  same  good  office  here.  Its 
pages  would  form  a  very  suitable  "arena"  fora 
game  at  croquet,  where  the  balls  might  be  knocked 
about  with  much  advantage.  There  is  a  great 
difference  of  opinion  as  to  the  terms  and  rules ; 
and  where  is  the  author,  philosopher,  or  archaeolo- 
gist who  would  not  be  interested  in  the  discussion  ? 

ROVER. 

MARSUPITES  MILLERI.  —  In  July  of  this  year  I 
found  at  Ramsgate,  in  the  new  railway  cutting,  a 
specimen  of  the  Marsupites  Milleri,  which  is  com- 
mon in  Sussex,  but  has  only  been  found,  I  believe, 
in  a  fragmentary  state  in  Kent  previously.  I  should 
like  to  know  whether  I  am  right  in  this  surmise. 

J.  C.  J. 

DOSSITY  :  CLARE'S  POEMS. — I  was  talking  this 
morning  with  a  Huntingdonshire  cottager,  who 
was  liberating  her  soul  by  giving  me  a  long  cata- 
logue of  her  ailments.  She  told  me  that  she  had 
fainted  more  than  once  :  had  been  very  weak,  and 
unable  to  do  her  work.  "  I  feel,"  she  said,  "  as 
though  I  had  no  dossity  in  me." 

The  parish,  in  which  I  heard  this  word  used, 
borders  upon  Northamptonshire ;  and  I  find  that 
Mr.  Sternberg,  in  his  Northamptonshire  Glossary 
has  given  the  word,  with  its  meanings,  thus ;  — 

"  DOSSITY,  s.  Life,  or  spirit :  — 
'  She  sat  herself  clown  soon  as  got  in  the  house, 
Xo  dossity  in  her  to  stir.' 

Clare's  Till.  Min.,  p.  156. 

Among  Batchelor's  Distortions,  we  find  it  written  ldoniti,'1 
and  rendered  'sharpness.'  In  Leicestershire,  according 
to  Dr.  Evans,  it  signifies  '  ailing,  infirm.'  " 

What  is  the  derivation  of  the  word  ?  Has 
dorsum-dossuarius  anything  to  do  with  it?  We 
talk  of  a  person  "  wanting  back-bone."  It  will 
be  seen  that  my  Huntingdonshire  woman  used 
the  word  as  Clare  did.  I  am  tempted  to  add 
another  Query :  When  shall  we  have  Clare's 
Poems  published  in  their  collected  form,  and  in  a 
satisfactory  manner  ?  I  have  been  told  that  the 
Messrs.  Routledge  wish  to  give  a  practical  an- 
swer to  this  Query  ;  but  that  Clare's  friends  have 
placed  insuperable  obstacles  in  the  way.  If  so, 
it  is  a  thousand  pities  :  for  Clare's  Poems  are 
thoroughly  English,  and  are  filled  with  the  fresh- 
est and  healthiest  descriptions  of  rural  life  ;  while 
his  versification  is  generally  correct  and  pleasing 
to  the  ear,  and  always  to  the  mind.  The  Christ- 
mas-book illustrators,  who  have  already  used  up 
so  many  major  and  minor  poets  both  living  and 
dead,  would  find  abundant  inspiration  for  their 
pencils  in  the  compositions  of  Clare ;  who  still 
lives,  at  seventy  years  of  age,  a  harmless  lunatic 


350 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*a  S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63. 


in    the  Northampton  Asylum,  wherein  the  last 
twenty  years  of  his  life  have  been  passed. 

CUTHBEET  BEDE. 

EARTHQUAKES.  —  I  know  of  no  better  reference 
for  a  list  of  remarkable  earthquakes,  than  to  that 
contained  in  a  book  which  every  one  who  can  have 
it  should  possess,  I  mean  Haydn's  Dictionary  of 
Dates.  Though  given  with  the  utmost  brevity,  it 
occupies  there  nearly  a  page  and  a  half  of  small 
octavo  print,  and  I  do  not  think  that  I  am  beyond 
my  calculation  in  saying,  what  will  probably  startle 
some  readers,  viz.,  that  it  would  account  for  at 
least  a  million  of  lives  lost  by  these  terrific  visit- 
ations. At  the  same  time  we  have  to  be  thankful 
that  there  is  no  record  of  any  life  lost  in  these 
realms  thereby,  and  the  recent  shock  was  attended 
by  the  same  immunity.  "  Haec  loca,"  &c.  (Virg., 
Georg.,  ii.  140.) 

The  most  violent  earthquake  noticed  in  Scrip- 
ture was  that  in  the  time  of  Uzziah,  between  800 
and  900  years  before  Christ.  There  is  no  abso- 
lutely historic  account  of  it,  which  I  am  aware  of, 
but  it  is  specially  alluded  to  by  Amos  the  prophet, 
who  gives  it  as  a  known  epoch :  — "  Two  years  be- 
fore the  earthquake,"  i.  1.  He  wrote  B.C.  787. 
The  record  of  the  same  event  is  filled  up  by  the 
prophet  Zechariah,  B.C.  518,  when  describing  the 
second  coming  of  Christ,  and  its  tremendous  ac- 
companiments on  the  Land  of  Judasa  (xiv.  4,  5), 
he  says, — 

"  And  ye  shall  flee,  like  as  ye  fled  from  before  the  earth- 
quake, in  the  days  of  Uzziah,  king  of  Judah ;  and  the 
Lord  my  God  shall  come,  and  all  the  saints  with  thee." 

While  on  the  subject,  as  a  matter  of  physical 
interest,  and  in  the  remembrance  that  mariners  at 
sea  have  described  their  vessels  as  affected  by  the 
recent  shock,  I  venture  to  put  forth  the  query, 
whether  any  water-mark,  higher  than  usual,  has 
been  traced  on  our  coasts.  I  have  not  seen  the 
subject  noticed  in  any  of  the  large  correspondence 
on  the  subject.  FRANCIS  TBENCH. 

Islip,  near  Oxford. 

Since  writing  the  above  I  have  seen  the  same 
question  as  that  with  which  this  note  concludes, 
asked  by  Mr.  Lowe,  in  The  Times. 

THE  KALEIDOSCOPE. — D'Israeli  states  it  as  a 
known  fact  that  the  kaleidoscope  is  to  be  found  in 
the  Natural  Magic  of  Baptista  Porta.  This  I  find 
to  be  altogether  a  mistake.  In  book  xvn.  ch.  3, 
he  explains,  as  known  to  the  ancients,  that  mir- 
rors, presented  to  each  other,  will  give  multiplica- 
tion of  images ;  as  in  an  octagon  room,  for  instance, 
walled  with  reflecting  glass.  A  model  of  such  a 
room,  with  one  side  open  for  the  spectator's  eye, 
was  made  to  give  pleasing  effects ;  and  Porta 
describes  modifications  which  have  some  ingenuity. 
But  there  is  nothing  which  at  all  resembles  the 
circle  of  images  produced  by  two  mirrors  placed 
at  an  aliquot  part  of  four  right  angles,  or  the 


method  of  producing  variations  of  patterns  with- 
out end.  Even  if  what  Porta  says  on  the  subject 
suggested  the  kaleidoscope,  there  was  no  more  of 
suggestion  than  has  been  the  precursor  of  nine- 
teen inventions  out  of  twenty.  Nothing  should 
be  looked  at  with  more  caution  by  unlearned 
readers  than  these  statements  about  the  forestal- 
ment  of  discoveries.  A.  DE  MORGAN. 

STOLEN  MSS.  —  The  following  should  be  in 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  if  it  were  only  for  facility  of  reference 
at  any  future  time  :  — 

"  The  Ambrosian  Library,  at  Milan,  has  just  suffered  a 
heavy  loss.  An  entire  case,  containing  the  autograph 
correspondence  of  the  Medici  with  the  Dukes  of  Milan 
from  1496  to  1510,  has  disappeared  from  the  very  study 
of  Dr.  Gatti,  the  conservator.  ...  As  it  is  possible  they 
may  be  conveyed  to  France  or  England  for  sale,  I  re- 
quest you  to  give,  through  your  intelligent  publication, 
notice,  &c.  M.  Panizzi,  of  London,  will  be  on  the  watch 
on  his  side.  I  have  just  been  apprised  of  this  deplorable 
incident  by  one  of  your  constant  readers,  the  Marquis 
d'Adda  of  Milan,  one  of  the  greatest  amateurs  in  Europe, 
whose  library,  certainly  one  of  the  most  remarkable,  and 
of  the  richest  in  scarce  and  valuable  books,  I  bad  the 
pleasure  of  visiting  last  year. 

"  F.  FEUILLET  DE  CONCHES." 

Oscott.  WM.  DAVIS. 

THE  TERMINATION  "  STER."  —  A  query  appears 
on  this  point  in  the  Birmingham  library,  where  a 
book  is  provided  for  the  reception  of  Queries  and 
Replies ;  one  of  the  local  imitations  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
The  termination  er  in  English  means  the  actor  or 
doer  of  something,  and  is  of  constant  occurrence, 
there  being  1500  to  2000  instances.  The  ter- 
mination ster  is  only  a  variation  of  this  form,  oc- 
curring in  about  eighty  instances,  as  gamester 
quasi  gamist-er,  songster  quasi  songist-er,  young- 
ster quasi  youngest-er,  drugster  quasi  druggist-er, 
deemster  quasi  deemist-er,  spinster  quasi  spmist-er, 
punster  quasi  punist-er,  tapster  quasi  tapist-er, 
whipster  quasi  whipist-er,  maltster  quasi  malt- 
ist-er ;  like  sophist-er,  palmist-er,  chorist-er,  bar- 
rist-er,  jest-er,  forest-er,  twist-er,  and  a  few  similar 
words  which  serve  to  show  that  the  terminal  er  in 
ster  is  distinct  from  the  st,  which  belongs  to  the 
root  of  the  word.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 


"  ALBION  MAGAZINE,"  "  MONTHLY  RECORDER." 
I  am  very  desirous  of  possessing,  at  all  events  of 
seeing,  the  first  number  of  the  Albion  Magazine, 
published  in  1835,  probably  at  Ludlow,  as  the 
editor,  Mr.  J.  B.  Revis,  was  then  residing  at  Gor- 
don House,  in  that  town.  Can  any  correspon- 
dent of  "  N.  &  Q."  favour  me  with  the  loanof  it 
for  a  few  days,  or  tell  me  where  I  can  see  a  copy  ? 

I  should  also  feel  obliged  by  being  informed 
where  I  can  consult  a  copy  of  the  Monthly  Re- 
corder for  June  1792  ?  WILLIAM  J.  THOMS. 

40,  St.  George's  Square,  Belgrave  Road,  S.W. 


3'd  S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  ;63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


351 


ANGELIC  VISION  OF  THE  DYING.  —  The  Rev. 
David  Brown,  D.D.,  in  his  recently-published 
Commentary  on  the  Gospels,  Glasgow,  1863,  in  the 
course  of  his  remarks  on  the  parable  of  the  Rich 
Man  and  Lazarus,  and  in  connection  with  the  fact 
that  the  latter  "  was  carried  by  the  angels  into 
Abraham's  bosom  "  (vide  Luke  xvi.  23),  observes : 

"  How  beautiful  is  the  view  here  given  us  of  the  minis- 
tration of  angels,  especially  at  the  death-bed  of  the  saints. 
Often  do  they  tell  us,  they  see  them  waiting  for  them  and 
smiling  on  them.  They  are  ready  to  stretch  out  their 
arms  to  them,  to  signify  their  readiness  at  that  moment 
to  be  taken  up  by  them ;  and  they  ask  us,  sometimes,  if 
we  do  not  see  them  too.  Of  course  we  don't,  for  we  live 
in  a  world  of  sense.  But  they  are  then  leaving  it ;  it 
has  all  but  Closed  upon  them,  and  they  are  getting  within 
the  precincts  of  heaven.  Who,  then,  shall  say  that  they 
see  not  what  is  hidden  from  us ;  and  since  what  they 
affirm  they  see  is  only  what  is  here  represented  as  a  re- 
ality, who,  with  this  parable  before  him,  shall  say  that 
such  sights  are  but  the  fruit  of  a  distempered  imagina- 
tion, a  picture  of  the  fevered  or  languid  brain  ?  " 

My  object  in  sending  you  the  above  extract  is, 
to  solicit  any  of  your  numerous  and  learned  cor- 
respondents who  may  be  possessed  of  information 
on  the  subject,  to  oblige  me  with  a  reference  to 
any  published  records  of  such  cases,  or,  better 
still,  an  account,  however  brief,  of  any  that  have 
come  within  their  own  personal  experience.  The 
whole  subject  of  what  may  be  called  the  "  clair- 
voyance of  the  dying "  is  most  curious  and  in- 
teresting, and  has  more  than  once  been  touched 
upon  in  "  N.  &  Q ,"  but  not,  I  believe,  this  par- 
ticular aspect  of  it.  W.  MAUDE. 

Birkenhead. 

BAYLY  OR  BAYLEY  FAMILY.  —  Wood,  Athen. 
Oxon.,  ii.  530,  says,  —  "  Nicholas  Bayly  was  the 
bishop's  younger  son,  a  military  man,  and  a 
major  in  Ireland.  He  died  in  May  .or  June,  1689." 
I  shall  be  very  thankful  to  any  one  who  will  give 
me  any  further  particulars  of  Nicholas  Bayly,  or 
his  family.  CPL. 

CRAPAUD  RING.  —  Among  some  family  jewels 
bequeathed  about  180  years  ago,  I  find  one  men- 
tioned under  this  name,  with  special  instructions 
for  its  preservation.  Crapaud  being  French  for 
a  toad,  one  is  reminded  of  the  "  precious  jewel" 
which  that  animal  was  once  supposed  to  wear  in 
its  head.  Perhaps  some  of  your  readers  may  be 
able  to  explain  more  distinctly  what  these  articles 
were  and  why  so  called.  J. 

CAST   OP  A  HEAD  IN  BELL  METAL.  —  In  the 

lumber  closet  of  an  old  house  in  this  town,  was 
lately  found,  partially  imbedded  in  the  wall,  the 
cast  of  a  head  in  bell-metal :  well  executed,  in 
bold  relief,  encircled  with  the  garter  and  motto, 
thus  written  — "  Hony  soy  quy  mal  y  pense" — in 
Old  English  characters,  with  a  rose  between  each 
word,  the  head  very  much  resembling  the  print 
of  Henry  VII.,  by  Geo.  Vertue.  It  is  round,  and 


seventeen  inches  in  diameter;  and  has  the  ap- 
pearance of  having  been  suspended,  but  the  ring 
is  broken  off.  Can  any  of  your  readers  give  any 
information  respecting  it,  whence  it  probably 
came,  and  what  head  it  can  be;  as  the  gentle- 
man in  whose  house  it  was  found  has  only  the 
slight  recollection  of  having  seen  it  when  quite 
young  about  fifty  years  ago  ?  QU.SIRO. 

Thetford. 

DANCING  IN  SLIPPERS. — In  a  MS.  Diary  of  a 
maid  of  honour  of  the  time  of  George  III.,  the 
following  passage  occurs :  —  "  The  evening  con- 
cluded with  a  ball  which  the  Prince  and  Princess 
began.  She  danced  in  slippers  very  well,  and  the 
Prince  better  than  anybody."  What  is  the  mean- 
ing of  dancing  in  slippers  ?  L.  S. 

DEAN  :  DEC  ANUS. — By  a  patent,  3  King  James, 
the  king  granted  the  Impropriate  Rectory  of 

B to  L.  B.  and  W.  B.  And  the  grantees 

agree,  at  their  own  expenses,  to  find  and  provide 

a  curate  or  minister  at  the  chapel  of  S (which 

was  chapel-of-ease  to  B ,  the  mother  church) ; 

and  two  deans  ("duos  decan.),  viz.  one  at  B — — , 

and  the  other  at  S ,  to  celebrate  divine 

service  there  ("  ad  divina  servic.  ibidem  cele- 
brand."),  and  whatever  else  "ad  divin.  cultum 
pertinet  ibidem  peragend." 

Will  one  of  your  correspondents  inform  me 
what  was  the  office  of  the  decanus,  as  above  men- 
tioned? P.  H.  F. 

DE  VERES,  EARLS  OF  OXFORD.— Will  some  of 
your  readers  inform  me  which  of  the  De  Veres 
first  adopted  the  motto  Vero  nihil  verius  ?  *  Also, 
where  I  can  find  a  drawing  of  the  coat  of  arms  of 
the  last  earl  of  that  family,  John  de  Vere,  who 
died  in  1526  ?  G-  W.  J. 

THE  EXEMPT  JURISDICTION  OF  NEWRY  AND 
MOURNE.  —  In  what  publications  may  be  found 
particulars  of  the  history  of  the  Exempt  Juris- 
diction of  Newry  and  Mourne  ?  The  Earl  of  Kil- 
morey  is  the  Lord  Abbot ;  and  the  district  is 
situate  in  the  counties  of  Down  and  Armagh. 

ABHBA. 

Ex  PR^EDA  PR^DATORIS.  —  A  cup  with  this 
motto,  made  of  the  plate  stolen  irom  the  house  of 
Glengarry  by  the  Royal  troops  after  Culloden, 
was  m  the  possession  of  Sir  J.  A.  Oughton,  K.  B. 
Commander-in-chief  in  Scotland,  about  the  middle 
of  last  century.  Can  any  one  tell  me  if  the  cup 
is  in  existence,  and  where  ? 

SIR  JOHN  FORTESCUE'S  MSS. — Can  any  of  your 
readers  inform  me  where  are  to  be  found  copies  of 

[  *  These  words  are  said  to  have  been  pronounced  by 
Queen  Elisabeth  in  commendation  of  the  loyalty  of  the 
family  of  Vere.  —  Elvin's  Handbook  of  Mottoes,  I860, 
p.  211.— ED.] 


352 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


r*  S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63. 


the  following  unprinted  works  of  Chancellor  Sir 
John  Fortescue  (temp.  Henry  VI.)  ?  — 

1.  Defensio  juris  Domus  Lancastrian 

2.  A  Defence  of  the  House  of  Lancaster. 

3.  Genealogy  of  the  House  of  Lancaster. 

4.  Of  the  Title  of  the  House  of  York. 

5.  Defence  of  the  House  of  York. 

6.  Genealogia  Regum  Scotia. 

7.  A  Dialogue  between  Understanding  and  Faith. 

8.  A  Prayer  Book  "  which  saureth  much  of  the  times 
we  live  in."  * 

KAPPA. 

GOLDEN  CANDLESTICK  OF  THE  TEMPLE  AT 
JERUSALEM. — What  is  the  origin  of  the  story  that 
this  candlestick,  taken  in  the  capture  of  Jerusalem 
by  Titus,  was  thrown  over  the  Pons  Milvius  on 
the  retreat  of  Maxentius  after  his  battle  with 
Constantine  ?  We  may  conclude  from  Procopius 
(De  Bello  Vandalico,  ii.  9)  that  it  was  among  the 
spoils  transferred  from  Rome  to  Carthage  by 
Genseric.  S. 

GBINLING  GIBBONS.  —  Although  the  biogra- 
phies of  Grinling  Gibbons,  the  sculptor,  state 
that  he  died  at  his  own  house  in  Bow  Street, 
Covent  Garden,  on  August  3,  1721,  yet  they  are 
silent  as  to  whether  he  left  any  children. 

There  was  a  Joseph  Gibbons,  who  died  in  July 
1808,  at  Mount  Row,  South  Lambeth.  I  should 
like  to  know  where  he  was  born,  and  whether  he 
was  a  descendant  of  the  sculptor  ? 

MARTHA  LAYCOCK. 

IRVING'S  GREEK  TESTAMENT. — To  what  edition 
of  the  Greek  Testament  did  Irving  allude  when 
he  says  —  "I  have  got  a  noble  New  Testament,  in 
Greek,  with  all  the  glosses  and  scholise  of  the 
Fathers,  with  which  I  delight  myself."  (Oliphant's 
Irving,  vol.  i.  241.)  By-the-bye,  I  fear  the  plural 
scholicR  will  hardly  pass  muster  as  good  Greek, 
Latin,  or  English.  C.  W.  BINGHAM. 

THE  KAISER- SAAL  AT  FRANKFORT. — The  walls 
of  the  Kaiser- Saal  in  the  Roemer  at  Frankfort- 
on-the-Maine,  are  ornamented  with  the  full-length 
portraits  of  all  the  Emperors  of  Germany.  Ac- 
companying each  portrait  is  the  Wahl-spruch,  or 
motto,  of  the  emperor  represented.  Has  any  list 
of  these  ever  been  printed  ?  If  so,  where  ? 

J.  WOODWARD. 

New  Shoreham. 

LIZARS  :  LIZURES.  —  Since  my  queries  about 
these  names  (2nd  S.  xii.  434)  were  printed,  I  have 

[*  There  appears  to  be  some  uncertainty  respecting  the 
fate  of  a  portion  of  the  manuscripts  of  Sir  John  Fortescue. 
According  to  Casley's  Catalogue  of  the  King's  Library, 
p.  321,  the  first  six  articles  (with  four  others)  were  bound 
in  one  volume,  and  formerly  marked  Otho,  B.  I.,  and 
which,  according  to  Casley,  was  burnt  in  1734.  In 
Smith's  Catalogue,  1G96,  it  is  marked  "Deest;"  but  in 
the  MS.  Report  in  1703,  this  volume  is  noticed  as  one  of 
the  manuscripts  restored  to  the  library.  No.  7,  "  A  Dia- 
logue between  Understanding  and  Faith,"  is  in  Bibl. 
Cotton.  Vitellius,  E.  X.  176.— ED.] 


heard  that  the  family  of  Lizars  in  Scotland  allege 
that  they  are  descended  from  a  French  family, 
which  came  into  Scotland  with  Mary  of  Guise,  or 
Mary  Queen  of  Scots.  This  upsets  ray  conjecture 
that  Lizars  was  really  the  Norman  Lizures.  Can 
any  one  inform  me  if  the  name  appears  among  the 
French  attendants  of  either  of  the  Marys  ?  Mr. 
C.  Innes,  in  his  book  Concerning  some  Scotch  Sur- 
names, says  that  Lizars  or  Lisours  is  a  name  de- 
rived from  the  name  of  a  Scotch  place.  What 
place  ?  Does  Michel  mention  the  name  ?  2.  0. 

MANORIAL  RIGHTS.  —  I  find  it  stated  in  a  little 
French  book,  upon  the  history  of  the  origin  of 
the  French  law,  that  the  "bannalites  des  fours, 
des  moulins,  des  pressoirs,"  are  traceable  in  Colu- 
mella. 

The  same  writer,  continuing  the  same  idea,  re- 
marks that  every  Roman  possessor  had  a  mill,  &c., 
for  his  coloni. 

Perhaps  some  of  your  readers,  who  are  familiar 
with  Columella,  will  say  whether  the  Roman 
author  bears  out  the  assertions  of  the  French 
author.  C. 

MAR  FAMILY.  —  I  find  in  Douglas's  Baronage 
of  Scotland  the  following  passage :  — 

"  William  Leith  married  a  daughter  of  Donald,  twelfth 
Earl  of  Marr  (omitted  in  the  Peerage,  p.  460),  and  in  con- 
sequence had  the  cross-crosslets  (being  part  of  the  arms 
of  that  noble  familv)  added  to  his  own  armorial  bearing." 
[Circa  1350.]— Douglas,  vol.  i.  p.  224. 

On  referring  to  Douglas's  Peerage  of  Scotland, 
there  is  no  mention,  as  before  stated  in  the  Ba- 
ronage, of  a  daughter  married  to  William  Leith. 
Donald,  twelfth  Earl,  is  there  shown  to  have  had 
only  two  children,  viz.,  Thomas,  thirteenth  Earl, 
who  died  childless ;  and  Margaret,  who  succeeded 
to  the  title.  She  married  William  Douglas,  and 
had  issue  James,  Earl  of  Douglas  and  Mar,  who 
died  childless,  and  Isabel,  Countess  of  Mar  on  her 
brother's  death,  who  married  twice,  without  issue. 
The  title,  then,  instead  of  devolving  on  the  surviv- 
ing daughter  of  Donald,  twelfth  Earl  of  Mar,  and 
her  descendants,  the  Leith  family,  reverted,  sin- 
gularly enough,  to  Eleyne,  sister  of  Donald,  twelfth 
Earl,  and  great  aunt  of  Isabel,  the  preceding 
countess.  It  is  through  this  Eleyne  that  the  title 
was  claimed  by  the  Erskine  family,  who  obtained 
it.  I  believe  archives  of  the  Mar  family  exist, 
which  may  most  probably  afford  information  about 
the  daughter  of  Donald,  twelfth  Earl,  married  to 
William  Leith.  Could  any  of  your  readers  be  able 
to  give  assistance  ?  TYRRELL  DE  LETH. 

MELANCHTHON. — The  following  is  from  An  En- 
quiry into  the  History  of  Demoniacks,  London, 
1749:  — 

"  Melanchthon  relates  that  he  saw  at  a  village  near  Dres- 
den, a  young  woman  who  could  neither  read  nor  write  in 
her  ordinary  state,  but  who,  when  possessed  of  the  devil, 
spoke  both  Latin  and  Greek  correctly,  and  in  the  latter 


i  S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


353 


tongue  (the  words  of  which  he  gives)  predicted  the  com- 
ing war,  and  the  league  of  Smalkald,"  p.  26. 

No  reference  is  given.  I  shall  be  obliged  by 
one,  and  especially  by  the  Greek  words. 

A.  A.  R. 

MONUMENTS  AT  HAMPTON,  VIRGINIA.  —  Mr. 
Russell,  LL.D.  in  his  interesting  Diary,  North  and 
South,  vii.  pp.  172-175,  mentions  a  visit  which  he 
paid  to  the  town  of  Hampton,  Virginia :  — 

"The  church  is  rendered  interesting  by  the  fact,  that  it 
is  almost  the  first  church  built  by  the  English  colonists 
in  Virginia.  On  the  tombstones  are  recorded  the  names 
of  many  subjects  of  his  Majesty  George  III.,  and  familiar 
names  of  many  persons  born  in  the  early  part  of  the  last 
century  in  English  villages,  who  passed  to  their  rest 
before  the  great  rebellion  of  the  colonies  had  disturbed 
their  notions  of  loyalty  and  respect  to  the  crown." 

Have  these  inscriptions  been  published ;  if  so, 
where  ?  The  present  posture  of  afi'airs  renders 
their  destruction  probable.  If  they  are  not  al- 
ready in  type,  some  wandering  Englishman  would 
do  well  to  send  them  for  preservation  to  "N.  &  Q." 
A  LORD  OF  A  MANOR. 

CAPTAIN  THOMAS  PTMAN,  of  the  merchant  ser- 
vice, a  resident  at  Whitby  published  A  Set  of 
Tables  for  showing  the  exact  bearing  and  distance 
of  Light  or  any  other  visible  Object  at  Sea,  Whitby, 
4to,  1802.  I  shall  be  glad  to  know  when  and 
where  he  died.  S.  Y.  R. 

QUOTATION  WANTED. — I  want  to  know  where 
the  following  lines  are  to  be  found  :  they  relate  to 
the  Greek  fire :  — 

"  Ignis  hie  efficitur  tantum  per  paganos, 
Ignis  hie  exurit  tantum  Christianos ; 
F  ]  namque  est  per  illos  profanos, 

Ab  hoc  perpetuo,  Christe,  libera  nos!  " 

The  Confederate  States  will  heartily  assent. 
A.  DE  MORGAN. 

QUOTATION  WANTED  :    LATIN  TRANSLATION. — 
Where  are  the  following  lines  to  be  found  ?  — 
"  Not  to  my  wish,  but  to  my  want, 

Do  Thou  thy  gifts  apply ; 
Unask'd,  what  good  Thou  knowest,  grant, 
What  ill,  though  ask'd,  deny."  * 

I  have  long  been  in  the  belief  that  they  were  a  por- 
tion of  Pope's  ';  Universal  Prayer,"  but  on  con- 
sulting several  copies  of  that  composition,  I  do  not 
find  them  in  it.  Let  me  ask  also,  whether  there 
is  any  Latin  translation  of  that  Prayer  in  print? 

DCBIUS. 


[*  The  authorship  of  these  lines  was  unknown  to  James 
Montgomery,  who  has  printed  them  in  his  Christian 
Psalmist,  edit.  1825,  p.  156.  They  are  the  conclusion  of 
a  hymn  entitled  "  Trust  in  Providence,"  which  thus  com- 
mences :  — 

"  Author  of  good,  to  Thee  I  turn ; 

Thy  ever  wakeful  eye 
Alone  can  all  my  wants  discern, 
Thy  hand  alone  supply." — ED.! 


RHYMES  ON  PLACES.  —  I  have  been  for  some 
years  collecting  local  rhymes  with  a  view  to  pub- 
lishing them  in  a  collected  form.  I  wish  to  know 
whether  the  ground  is  preoccupied,  and,  if  so, 
what  is  the  title  of  the  compilation,  when  pub- 
lished, and  by  whom  ?  W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 

DR.  LEONARD  SNETLAGE.  —  I  give  the  title  of 
a  work  by  Dr.  Leonard  Snetlage  ?  What  is 
known  of  him  as  an  author  or  otherwise  ?  — 

"Nouveau  Dictionnaire  Fran9ais:  contenant  les  ex- 
pressions de  nouvelle  Creation  du  Peuple  Francais.  Ouv- 
rage  additionel  au  Dictionnaire  de  I'Academie  Fram;aise 
et  a  tout  autre  Vocabulaire.  Par  Leonard  Snetlage,  Uoc- 
teur  en  Droite  en  rUniversite"  de  Gottingue.  A  Got- 
tingue,  chez  Jean  Chretien  Dieterich,  Libraire,  1795." 

A  preface  of  fifteen  pages,  and  definitions  of 
party  names,  &c.,  very  full.  Small  octavo,  250  pp. 
exclusive  of  preface.  J.  A.  G. 

SAINTS  OF  BRETAGNE.  —  I  have  just  been  read- 
ing in  the  Christian  Remembrancer  for  October, 
1863,  an  interesting  article  on  "  French  Ecclesi- 
ology."  At  p.  439  occur  the  following  names  of 
Saints  peculiar  to  Bretagne,  viz.,  S.  Bihi,  S.  Bili, 
S.  Ignoroa,  S.  Gomla,  S.  MoulflT,  and  S.  Pazanne. 
Can  some  of  your  correspondents  refer  ine  to  any 
work  in  French  or  English,  which  gives  an  account 
of  these  saints,  whose  names  are  as  strange  as 
many  of  our  own  Cornish  saints. 

.    JOHN  DALTON. 

Norwich. 

LAURENCE  STERNE.  —  As  I  am  about  going  to 
press  with  a  Life  of  this  famous  humorist,  I  am 
sure  you  will  allow  me  to  use  a  corner  of  your 
column  to  ask — as  clergymen  do  in  the  case  of 
deserving  charities  —  for  literary  subscriptions  to 
this  subject.  I  think  I  have  explored  nearly 
every  likely  quarter,  but  I  am  convinced  there 
are  many  unpublished  letters  of  Sterne's  among 
the  papers  of  families  in  these  kingdoms.  There 
is  a  Mr.  Watson,  who  is  mentioned  by  Nichols  as 
having  such  things.  There  is  "  the  gentleman  at 
Bath,"  who  has  Sterne's  original  Journal  to  Eliza, 
but  whose  name  Mr.  Thackeray  has  forgotten. 
Any  information — but  which,  to  be  of  practical  use, 
must  be  speedily  imparted — will  be  most  welcome. 
A  fair  life  of  Sterne,  not  partial,  but  clearing 
from  much  slander  and  intentional  misrepresenta- 
tion, will  I  am  sure  appeal  favourably  to  the 
sympathies  of  all  who  have  interest  in  Shandean 
humour.  P.  F. 

DISCOVERY  OF  THE  TYRIAN  PURPLE. — 
"  Ces  pauvres  chiens!  quels  services  n'out  ils  pas  reu- 
dus  a  1'humanite!  Hercules,  au  moyen  de  son  chien 
Murex,  de'couvrit  la  pourpre.  II  suivait  la  nymphe  Tyro, 
dont  il  etait  amoureux;  son  chien,  qui  cherchait  a 
manger,  brise  un  coquillage,  et  sa  gueule  se  teiut  en  rouge. 
Tyro  dit  au  Hercules :  '  Faites  moi  cadeau  d'une  robe  de 
ce'tte  couleur,  et  je  suis  a  vous.'  Aujourd'hui  curtaines 
dames  disent:  'Donuez  moi  un  cachemire."  La  mode  est 
toujours  la  meme ;  on  a  varie  seulement  sur  les  expres- 
sions."—Blaze,  Histoire  du  Chien.  Paris,  1843,  p.  212. 


354 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63. 


Where  did  Blaze  meet  with  this  legend,  which 
I  do  not  remember  to  have  read  in  Ovid  ?  Pro- 
bably he  may  have  found  it  in  Hyginus,  or  in 
Pliny's  Natural  History.  Like  the  best  of  the 
French  authors,  as  Gibbon  observes,  "  he  quotes 
nobody." 

Was  this  Tyro  the  celebrated  daughter  of  Sal- 
moneus,  or  was  she  the  other  Tyro,  the  mother  of 
the  Syrian  Venus,  according  to  Cicero,  De  Nalura 
Deorum,  iii.  23  ?  W.  D. 

JOHN  VENEER  of  Worcester  College,  Oxford, 
B.A.  June  28,  1715,  became  rector  of  St.  Andrew 
in  Chichester,  and  published  An  Exposition  of  the 
Thirty -nine  Articles,  London,  8vo,  1725;  2nd 
edit.,  with  very  large  additions,  London,  2  vols. 
8vo,  1730;  A  New  Exposition  of  the  Book  of 
Common  Prayer,  London,  8vo,  1727.  The  date 
of  his  death  will  oblige.  S.  Y.  R. 


,    tihtmtf  fottl) 

WEDDING  SERMONS.  —  I  have  been  requested 
by  a  "  book  collector  under  difficulties,"  a  clergy- 
man in  one  of  our  distant  colonies,  to  procure  a 
set  of  Wedding  Sermons  :  "  as  many  as  possible, 
and  the  more  curious  and  ancient  the  better."  I 
have  made  out  the  following  list  to  assist  me  in 
the  research.  Can  any  of  your  readers  add  to 
this  ?  — 

Massie  (Wm.),  Sermon  at  the  Marriage  of  a  Daughter 
of  Sir  Edmund  Trafforde.  1586. 

Hackett  (B.),  Marriage  Present,  a  Sermon.    1607. 

Whateley  (Wm.),  preacher  of  Banbury:  The  Care- 
cloth,  a  Wedding  Sermon.  1624. 

Humphries  (John),  Wedding  Sermon.     1742. 

Wedding  Sermons,  by  various  Authors,  collected. 
12mo.  London,  1732. 

Meggott  (R.),  Sermon  on  Gen.  ii.  18.    1656. 

Seeker  (Wm.),  A  Wedding  Ring  fit  for  ye  Finger. 
1707. 

Shepherd  (Thos.),  A  Wedding  Sermon  on  Gen.  ii.  18. 
1713. 

Ford  (John),  Two  Sermons  on  Gen.  ii.  18.    1735. 

Shuttleworth  (John),  A  Sermon.     1712. 

Lewis  (Ellis),  A  Wedding  Sermon.    1716. 

Fisher  (Josh.),  A  Wedding  Discourse.    1695. 

Cockburn  (J.  D.  D.),  A  Wedding  Sermon.    1708. 

Rogers  (Danl.),  Matrimonial  Honour.    1642. 

The  above  are  all  single  Sermons.  The  fol- 
lowing will  be  found  in  volumes  amongst  other 
discourses :  — 

Dr.  Donne's  Sermon  at  a  Marriage,  vol.  iv.,  Alford 
edit.,  p.  1. 

Skelton  (P.),  Two  Sermons  on  Gen.  ii.  18,  in  vol.  iv.  of 
Lynam's  edit. 

Manton  (Thos.),  A  Wedding  Sermon,  in  a  volume  en- 
titled, "  Several  Discourses."  1695. 

Gataker  (Thos.),  Marriage  Prayer,  in  vol.  i.  of  his 
collected  Works.  1637. 

Sandys  (Archbp.),  in  Parker's  Society's  edition  of  his 
"  Sermons,"  p.  313. 

Cosin  (Bp.)  on  John  ii.  1,2:  "  Works,"  i.  44. 

Thompson  (Edw.),  in  a  volume  of  Sermons,  published, 
1838. 


There  is  also  a  similar  Sermon  to  these  in 
Jerome's  Works,  5.  404  ;  and  in  the  Sermons  pub- 
lished by  the  famous  Dr.  Samuel  Johnson. 

JUXTA  TUKRIM. 

[In  Straker's  Catalogue,  1850,  appeared  a  very  curious 
collection,  bound  in  one  vol.  4to,  viz. : — "  5295.  Marriage 
Sermons,  viz.  Gataker's  Marriage  Duties  briefly  couched 
together : — Good  Wife  God's  Gift. — Bradshaw's  Marriage 
Feast. — Whateley's  Bride  Bush,  or  Directions  for  Mar- 
ried Persons. — Care  Cloth,  or  a  Treatise  on  the  Cumbers 
and  Troubles  of  Marriage.  Thomas  Taylor's  Good  Hus- 
band and  Good  Wife,  published  by  John  Sedgwick. — 
Meggott's  Rib  Restored,  or  the  Honor  of  Marriage,  1620 — 
1656."  We  must  not  omit  Jeremy  Taylor's  two  excel- 
lent Sermons  on  "  The  Marriage  Ring ;  or  the  Mysteri- 
ousness  and  Duties  of  Marriage,"  in  his  Works,  by  Bp. 
Heber,  v.  248,  and  republished  separately  in  1851.  Con- 
sult also  Watt's  Bibliotheca  Britan.,  Index  of  Subjects, 
arts.  Marriage  and  Wedding.] 

NORWICH  BISHOPS  ALSO  ABBOTS.  —  I  wish  to 
know  whether  it  is  a  fact  (as  I  have  often  heard 
asserted),  that  the  Bishops  of  Norwich  are  mitred 
Abbats  of  St.  Benet's  at  Holme,  or  Hulme,  and 
entitled  as  such  to  a  seat  in  the  House  of  Peers, 
independently  of  their  bishoprics  ?  If  this  is  the 
case,  why  was  the  abbacy  retained  when  the 
abbey  and  its  establishment  were  swept  away  ? 

F.  D.  H. 

[It  appears,  according  to  Blomefield  (Hist,  of  Norfolk, 
iii.  547,  ed.  1806),  that  "  William  Rugg,  Abbot  of  St. 
Benedict  at  Hulme,  was  one  of  those  Cambridge  divines 
that  took  abundance  of  pains  to  procure  Henry  VIII. 
such  a  judgment  from  the  University,  about  his  divorce 
from  Queen  Katharine,  as  he  desired,  which  at  last  he 
effected ;  and  thereby  so  pleased  the  king,  that  he  deter- 
mined to  honour  him  with  the  title  of  this  bishoprick, 
and  at  the  same  time  make  him  contented  with  the  re- 
venues of  his  abbey  only.  Accordingly,  Feb.  4,  1535, 
the  see  being  void,  he  obtained  an  Act  of  Parliament  to 
be  then  passed,  whereby,  under  the  specious  pretence  of 
advancing  the  see,  he  severed  the  ancient  barony  and 
revenues  from  it,  and  annexed  the  priory  of  Hickling, 
and  the  barony  and  revenues  of  the  abbey  of  Hulme 
thereunto,  in  lieu  thereof;  in  right  of  which  barony  the 
Bishop  of  Norwich  sits  now  in  the  House  of  Lords  as 
Abbot  of  Hulme,  the  barony  of  the  bishoprick  being  in 
the  king's  hands,  and  the  monastery  being  never  dis- 
solved, only  transferred  by  the  statute  before  the  general 
dissolution ;  the  Bishop  of  this  see  is  the  onljr  abbot  at 
this  day  in  England."] 

TROLLOP'S  MONUMENT. — The  Beauties  of  Eng- 
land, 1803  (v.  177),  describe  a  monument  (or 
mausoleum),  at  Gateshead,  with  some  curious 
verses  upon  it.  Is  anything  more  known  of  this 
Trollop,  or  of  the  way  in  which  the  present  pos- 
sessors of  the  burial-place  acquired  it  ? 

J.  M'C.  B. 

Hobart  Town. 

[Robert  Trollop,  architect  of  the  town-hall  at  New- 
castle, 1659,  prepared  his  own  tomb,  a  heavy  square  pile ; 
the  lower  part  brick,  the  upper  stone,  sometime  orna- 
mented with  golden  texts  beneath  the  cornice.  On  the 
north  side,  according  to  tradition,  stood  the  image  of 
Robert  Trollop,  with  his  arm  raised,  pointing  towards 
the  town-hall  of  Newcastle,  and  underneath :  — 


3**  S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


355 


"  Here  lies  Robert  Trollop, 
Who  made  you  stones  roll  up, 
When  death  took  his  soul  up, 
His  body  filled  this  hole  up." 

In  the  Gateshead  registers  are  the  following  entries : — 
"Mr.  Robert  Trollop,  Masson,  buried  11  Dec.  1686." 
"  Elinor,  wife  to  Robert  Trollop,  17  Dec.  1679."  "Isabel, 
daughter  of  Mr.  Robert  Trollop,  buried  23  Aug.  1673." 
"  Henry  Trollop,  free-mason,  23  Nov.  1677."  According 
to  Lambert's  notes,  Trollop's  burial-place  came  by  de- 
scent to  the  family  of  Harris  of  Gateshead,  whose  heiress 
married  the  Rev.  William  Lambe. — Surtees'  Durham, 
ii.  120.] 

CHARLES  I. :  MILTON.  —  There  is  a  very  abu- 
sive little  work,  entitled  The  Life  and  Reigne  of 
King  Churls,  or  the  Pseudo-Martyr  discovered, 
printed  at  London  in  the  year  1651,  12mo.  It  is 
a  singularly  curious,  but  most  abusive  production. 
The  copy  before  me  has  been  in  possession  of  two 
red-hot  Royalists — whose  notes,  on  the  foot  and 
the  margin  of  many  of  the  pages,  are  sufficiently 
pithy.  As  for  instance,  one  on  the  title,  where 
the  author  is  said  to  have  been  "  a  base  villaine." 

One  of  the  strongest  passages  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  Quaere,  whether  the  cutting  off  of  our  bloody  and 
blood-thirsty  Prince,  together  with  the  exclusion  of  his 
whole  posterity,  can  be  a  sufficient  expiation  in  the  eye 
of  Heaven  for  the  blood  of  a  million  of  poor  innocent 
souls  slaughtered  for  the  satiating  of  one  Prince's  lustfull 
will  and  pleasure,"  &c. — P.  48. 

At  the  foot  of  the  page,  which  concludes  thus — 

"  Iratus  Deus  dedit  iis  regem," — 
there  is  this  note  in  an  old  hand :  — 
"  The  author  of  this  was  Miltone,  who  lost  Paradise." 

Is  there  any  corroborative  evidence  of  this 
assertion  ?  The  reference  to  this  immortal  poem 
indicates  that  the  note  must  have  been  written 
after  its  appearance.  J.  M. 

[This  work  is  ascribed  to  Milton  in  the  Bodleian 
Catalogue,  ii.  749,  from  a  manuscript  note  on  the  title  of 
that  copy.  But  on  a  copy  in  Dr.  Bandinel's  library 
being  lent  to  Dr.  Routh,  who  had  never  seen  or  heard  of 
it  before,  the  latter  gave  his  opinion  that  the  expressions 
were  too  low  and  the  style  too  coarse  for  Milton.  On  the 
title  of  Dr.  Bandinel's  copy  is  written,  in  a  contemporary 
hand,  " By  a  Rebellious  Bogue"~\ 

SIR  ANTHONT  BROWNE,  K.G.  —  Were  any  por- 
traits of  the  above  "  standard  bearer  "  to  Henry 
VIII.  saved  from  the  fire  at  Cowdray  in  1793  ? 
If  so,  in  whose  possession  are  they  now  ? 

J.  M'C.B. 

Hobart  Town,  Tasmania. 

[It  appears  that  all  the  portraits,  from  the  rapid  pro- 
gress of  the  flames,  were  irretrievably  lost  when  the 
noble  building  of  Cowdray  House  was  destroyed  on  Sep- 
tember 24, 1793.  See  Dallaway's  Western  Sussex,  ii.  246, 
for  a  Catalogue  of  the  curious  portraits ;  consult  also 
Archaologia,  iii.  239 — 272 ;  and  Gent.  Mag.  vol.  Ixiii. 
pt.  ii.  pp.  858,  951,  99G.  Dallaway  states  that  at  Lumley 
Castle,  Durham,  is  a  half-length  portrait  of  Sir  Anthony 
Browne,  extremely  curious  and  well-finished.] 


KINDLIE  TENANT.  —  What  was  the  "  Kindlie 
Tenant  Eight  ?  "  H.  E.  N. 

[A  man  is  said  to  have  a  kindlie  to  a  farm,  or  posses- 
sion, which  his  ancestors  have  held,  and  which  he  has 
himself  long  tenanted.  Hence  the  designation  kindlie 
tenants.  Keith  (Hist.  p.  521)  says :  "  Some  people  think 
that  the  easy  leases  granted  by  the  kirk-men  to  the  kindly 
tennants  (i.  e.  such  as  possessed  their  rooms  for  an  unde- 
termined space  of  time,  provided  they  still  paid  the  rents) 
is  the  reason  that  the  kirk-lands  throughout  the  king- 
dom were  generally  the  best  grounds."— Jamieson's  Dic- 
tionary, Supplement,  ii.  17,  4to.] 

"MATHEMATICAL  RECREATION."  —  Who  was 
the  "H.  Van  Etten,"  who  wrote  Mathematical 
Recreation  f  My  copy  wants  the  title-page,  but 
I  guess  the  date  to  be  about  1660.  The  work  is 
dedicated  to  "The  Lord  Lambert  Verreyken, 
Lord  of  Hinden,  Wolverthem,"  &c.,  by  his  "  Ne- 
phew and  Servant,  H.  Van  Etten."  D.  BLAIR. 

Melbourne. 

[H.  Van  Etten  is  a  pseudonym ;  the  real  author  of  this 
work  was  Jean  Leurechon,  a  Jesuit,  who  was  born  about 
1591  in  the  duchy  of  Bar,  and  afterwards  Rector  of  the 
college  there.  Some  account  of  him  may  be  found  in  the 
new  edition  of  the  Biographie  Universelle,  xxiv.  383. 
Consult  also  "  N.  &  Q."  1"  S.  xi.  504,  516 ;  xii.  117.] 

HALL  FAMILY. — Where  can  I  find  any  account 
of  the  family  of  Hall  of  Otterburn,  co.  Northum- 
berland, their  pedigree,  arms,  &c.  ?  John  Hall, 
who  was  executed  for  taking  part  in  the  rebellion 
of  1715,  was  one  of  this  family.  W.  HALL. 

Gibraltar. 

[For  the  pedigree  and  notices  of  the  Hall  family,  con- 
sult Hodgson's  History  of  Northumberland,  vol.  i.  pt.  ii. 
pp.  113,  154;  and  vol.  ii.  pt.  ii.  p.  219,  et  seq.~] 


THE  POSTAL  SYSTEM. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  247.) 

It  appears  difficult  to  assign  any  one  date  for 
the  invention  of  postal  intercommuication,  or  for 
its  introduction  into  this  country.  A  gradual 
improvement  has  taken  place  from  the  time  of 
Esther,  when  "  letters  were  sent  by  post  on  horse- 
back," to  the  refined  and  almost  perfect  system, 
of  to-day.  At  first  it  was  doubtless  a  private 
transaction.  Each  had  his  own  set  of  postmen  ; 
but  to  Cyrus  has  been  ascribed  the  establishment 
of  systematic  couriers  and  post  houses  throughout 
Persia:  and  Augustus  has  the  credit  of  intro- 
ducing post-chaises  at  Rome,  though  we  find 
Cicero  (Ad  Fam.  ix.  15,  1),  speaking  of  a  letter 
"  quam  attulerat  Phileros  tabellarius."  In  Ed- 
ward IV.'s  reign,  successive  post-horses  took 
stages  to  communicate  to  the  king  the  latest  in- 
telligence of  the  war  with  Scotland.  In  163-5,  a 
running  post  was  established  between  Edinburgh 
and  London,  "  to  run  night  and  day,  and  to  go 
thither  and  come  back  again  in  six  days."  This 


356 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  OCT.  81,  '63. 


was  also  done  between  the  Metropolis  and  Ire- 
land, Holybead,  Chester,  and  Exeter.  Thomas 
Randolf  was  appointed  postmaster  in  1581. 
James  I.  established  a  post-office  under  Mathew 
de  Quester  or  de  1'Equester  (Latch.  Rep.  87 ;  1 
Black,  327),  and  other  offices  were  erected  in 
1643  and  1657.  Mathew  de  Quester  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Lord  Stanhope,  Wm.  Frizell,  Thomas 
Witherings,  and  Philip  Burlamachy.  But  our 
present  system  was  first  conceived  by  Edmond 
Prideaux,  at  one  time  Attorney- General,  and 
afterwards  Post-Master,  and  it  is  founded  on  the 
statute  12  Car.  II.  c.  35,  and  moderated,  regu- 
lated, and  improved  by  9  Anne,  c.  10;  6  Geo.  I. 
c.  21 ;  26  Geo.  II.  c.  2  and  13  ;  4  Geo.  III.  c.  24  ; 
5  Geo.  III.  c.  25 ;  7  Geo.  III.  c.  50 ;  24  Geo.  III. 
st.  2,  c.  37  ;  28  Geo.  III.  c.  9 ;  34  Geo.  III.  c.  17; 
35  Geo.  III.  c.  53,  &c.  WYNNE  E.  BAXTEB. 


The  word  translated  post  in  the  Old  Testament 
means  runner.  These  runners  were  similar  to  the 
running  footmen  of  a  recent  age.  The  same  name 
¥"}  rats,  was  applied  also  to  those  who  were  sent 
out  on  horses,  mules,  camels,  and  young  drome- 
daries. (Esther,  viii.  10.)  They  were  properly 
a  body-guard  (1  Sam.  xxii.  17  ;  2  Kings,  x.  25, 
xi.  6 ;  1  Kings,  i.  5,  xiv.  27 ;  2  Sam.  xv.  1),  called 
sometimes  runners,  post,  guards,  and  captains  in 
our  version.  (See  Kitto  on  Esther,  viii.  10 ;  1 
Sam.  viii.  11.) 

In  the  Old  Testament  there  is  no  evidence  of 
fixed  stations  for  relays  of  horses  or  men,  which 
is  essential  to  our  notions  of  posting  and  postal 
arrangements.  Such  arrangements  wei'e  first 
regal ;  and  it  is  only  in  modern  times  that  they 
were  made  general  for  the  accommodation  of  the 
public,  as  well  as  for  the  advantage  of  the  state. 

Herodotus  (viii.  98)  and  Xenophon  (Instit. 
Cyr.,  viii.  6),  mention  that,  among  the  ancient 
Persians,  stations  were  appointed  at  intervals 
along  the  great  roads  of  the  empire,  where  cou- 
riers were  constantly  kept  in  readiness,  night  and 
day,  to  bear  despatches  and  intelligence.  Simi- 
lar institutions,  as  we  learn  from  Suetonius,  were 
maintained  amongst  the  Romans  in  the  time  of 
Julius  Cajsar  (57).  These  were  royal  posts.  Ge- 
neral posts 'were  first  instituted  in  modern  Europe 
by  Charlemagne,  Louis  XI.  (19  June,  1464),  by  the 
Emperor  Charles  V.,  and  by  our  Edward  IV. 
(1481).  In  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.  men  andhorses 
were  pressed  for  the  post,  sent  not  so  often  as  twice 
in  a  month,  at  the  rate  of  twelve  pence  daily  to  the 
government  for  one  horse  and  man.  Sir  Brian 
Tukewasthe  first  post-master  (1533),  succeeded 
by  Sir  Wm.  Paget  and  John  Mason,  Esq.,  in  1545, 
their  wages  being  661.  13*.  4cl.  a  year,  in  addition 
to  cost  of  carrying  letters,  of  which  they  had  to 
render  accounts  periodically  for  reimbursement. 
See  Encyc.  Brit.,  art.  "  Post-Office.")  The  rail- 


ways have  effected  a  great  change,  and  the  old 
system  of  relays  of  horses  and  men,  which  gave 
the  name  of  post  to  the  conveyance  of  the  mails  of 
letters,  is  nearly  superseded.  Before  the  railways, 
the  mail-bags  were  deposited  in  a  receptacle  above 
the  boot,  which  opened  at  the  top,  and  on  which 
the  Guard  placed  his  feet  when  mounted  on  his 
iron  chair  behind,  with  his  long  metal  horn  in  his 
hand,  and  a  blunderbuss  within  reach.  The  four 
horses  were  changed  at  stations  or  inns  about  ten 
miles  apart ;  the  coachman  or  driver  was  changed 
after  a  spell  of  sixty  or  seventy  miles,  whilst  the 
guard  went  about  three  times  that  distance. 

T.    J.  BUCKTON. 


The  first  institution  of  posts  is  ascribed  to  the 
Persians  (see  Diodorus  Siculus,  book  xix.)  They 
placed  sentinels  on  eminences  at  different  dis- 
tances, who  gave  notice  of  public  occurrences  to 
one  another  with  a  very  loud  shrill  voice,  by 
which  means  news  was  transmitted  speedily  from 
one  end  of  the  kingdom  to  the  other.  But  as 
this  could  not  be  made  use  of  for  private  pur- 
poses, Cyrus,  as  Xenophon  relates  (Cyropcedia, 
book  viii.),  set  up  couriers,  places  for  post  horses 
on  all  high  roads,  and  offices  where  packets  were 
delivered  from  one  to  another.  This,  says  Xeno- 
phon, they  did  night  and  day,  neither  rain  nor  hard 
weather  stopping  them.  Herodotus  (book  viii.) 
gives  similar  testimony  ;  and  he  tells  us  also,  that 
Xerxes,  in  bis  expedition  against  Greece,  planted 
posts  from  the  ^Egean  Sea  to  Shushan  at  the  dis- 
tance which  a  horse  could  go  with  speed.  The 
Greeks  borrowed  the  use  of  posts  from  the  Per- 
sians, and  in  imitation  of  them  called  them  ayyapui. 
In  the  Roman  empire  the  Emperor  Augustus 
first  set  up  public  posts ;  which  were  running 
footmen,  afterwards  changed  into  post  chariots 
and  horses  for  the  greater  expedition.  Adrian 
reduced  them  to  regularity  :  he  also  discharged 
the  people  from  the  obligation  they  were  under 
of  finding  horses  and  chariots.  They  fell  with  the 
empire.  About  807,  Charlemagne  endeavoured 
to  restore  them  ;  but  was  not  successful,  and  his 
successors  did  not  follow  up  his  intentions. 

In  France,  Louis  IX.  set  up  posts  at  two 
leagues  distance  through  the  kingdom.  In  Ger- 
many, Count  Taxis  made  a  postal  arrangement ; 
and,  in  1816,  he  had  the  office  of  Postmaster- 
General  conferred  on  him  and  his  heirs  for  ever. 

In  our  own  country,  Postmasters  existed  in 
very  early  times ;  but  their  duty  was  only  to  find 
post-horses  for  persons  who  wished  to  travel  ex- 
peditiously,  and  dispatching  extraordinary  packets 
upon  special  occasions.  In  the  time  of  James  I. 
a  government  post  office  was  created,  under  the 
control  of  one  Matthew  de  Quester,  or  L'Eques- 
ter,  for  the  conveyance  of  letters  to  and  from 
foreign  parts.  This  was  claimed  by  Lord  Stan- 
hope ;  but  was  continued  to  William  Frizell  and 


S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


357 


Thomas  Witherings  by  King  Charles  I.,  1632,  for 
the  better  accommodation  of  the  English  mer- 
chants. In  1635,  Charles  I.  erected  a  letter  office 
for  England  and  Scotland  :  and  the  same  Thomas 
Witherings  settled  the  rates  of  postage  and  di- 
rected it.  The  postmasters  on  the  road  were  to 
find  horses  for  the  mail  at  the  rate  of  2£(?.  per 
mile.  This  Witherings  was  found  guilty  of  abuses 
in  1640,  and  Philip  Borlamachy  exercised  his 
power  under  the  Secretary  of  State.  On  the 
breaking  out  of  the  Civil  War  great  confusion  was 
occasioned ;  but  the  outline  of  the  present  postal 
system  was  conceived  by  Mr.  Edmund  Prideaux, 
who  was  Attorney- General  to  the  Commonwealth 
after  the  murder  of  King  Charles.  He  was  chair- 
man of  a  committee,  in  1642,  for  considering  what 
rates  should  be  set  upon  inland  letters,  and  after- 
wards was  appointed  Postmaster  by  an  ordinance 
of  both  Houses  (see  Commons'1  Journal).  He  first 
established  a  weekly  conveyance  of  letters  into 
all  parts  of  the  kingdom.  The  Common  Council 
of  London  endeavoured  to  oppose  his  post  office, 
and  Parliament  declared  it  had  the  disposal  of 
posts.  One  Manley  afterwards  farmed  the  office 
in  1654.  The  Protector  and  his  Parliament 
modelled  it  nearly  the  same  as  it  continued  until 
the  reign  of  Queen  Anne.  After  the  Restoration 
a  similar  office,  with  some  improvements,  was 
established  by  statute  12  Car.  II.  c.  25.  The 
rates  of  letters  were  altered,  and  other  regulations 
added,  by  9  Anne,  c.  10.  Alterations  were  made 
by  Georges  I.  II.  and  III.,  and  penalties  were 
exacted  to  confine  the  sending  of  letters  by  post 
only.  The  privilege  of  sending  letters  free  through 
post,  or  franking,  was  claimed  by  Members  of 
Parliament  in  1660;  when  the  post  office  was 
regulated  nearly  as  it  has  continued,  except  some 
slight  alterations  regarding  weight,  franking,  &c.v 
until  the  present  Penny  Postage  was  introduced 
by  the  great  benefactor  of  letters — Rowland  Hill. 

W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 


The  literal  translation  of  P7"3P,  ^°^  *x>  ^»  *s> 
than  a  runner,  or  courier ;  and  does  not  of  neces- 
sity imply  the  existence  of  anything  correspond- 
ing to  our  postal  system. 

In  Esther  viii.  10  and  14,  however,  we  find  the 
definite  article  employed,  D^yiH,  "  the  couriers ;" 
and  these  couriers  appear  to  have  been  mounted 
on  horses  and  other  swift  animals,  though  it  is  by 
no  means  certain  what  those  animals  were. 

Houbigant  translates  thus  :  "  Missseque  sunt 
per  cursores  litterse  vectos  equis  celeribus,"  &c. 
This  verse  certainly  appears  to  support  the  idea 
that  there  was  a  certain  class  of  men  who  were 
usually  employed  in  this  specific  occupation. 

C.  J.  ELLIOTT. 

Winkfield  Vicarage. 


HOOPS  AND  CRINOLINES,  ETC. 

(3rd  S.  iv.  85,  238,  &c.) 
"  Pars  minima  est  ipsa  puella  sui." 

This  line  which,  incorrectly  quoted  by  J.  L.  in 
p.  238,  jars  so  unpleasantly  on  the  musical  ear  of 
LORD  LTTTELTON  (p.  260),  was  prefixed  by  Ad- 
dison  to  the  Tatler,  No.  116;  in  which  he  lashes 
with  no  sparing  hand  the  then  prevailing  mode  of 
wearing  large  petticoats,  which  "monstrous  in- 
ventions "  he  appears  to  have  detested  as  much  as 
the  modern  Tatlet —  Punch  (for  both  the  papers 
on  this  subject  in  the  Spectator  and  Tatler  are 
attributed  to  him)  :  observing  {Spectator,  127,) 
that  the  first  time  he  saw  a  lady  so  attired,  he 
could  not  help  blaming  her  in  his  thoughts  for 
walking  abroad  when  "so  near  her  time;"  and 
insinuating,  that  the  fashion  was  introduced  by 
some  crafty  women,  in  order  to  conceal  their  con- 
dition and  so  escape  the  censure  of  the  world. 
But  the  fact  is,  that  this  same  fashion  was  far 
from  being  a  novelty  even  in  the  Augustan  age  : 
for  it  is  as  old,  if  not  older,  than  the  time  of 
Queen  Elizabeth ;  whose  august  person,  in  com- 
mon with  that  of  Sir  Roger  de  Coverley's  great- 
grandmother  (who,  Addison  tells  us,  wore  "one 
of  the  modern  petticoats"),  was  adorned  with  a 
farthingale  —  certainly  the  ancestor  of  the  far- 
famed  crinoline. 

Far^ingales,  or  farrfingales,  seem  to  have  died 
out  before  1640,  as  they  do  not  appear  in  Hol- 
bein's dresses  ("  N.  &  Q.,"  1"  S.  iii.  53).  Queen 
Anne's  era,  however,  revived  them  under  another 
name ;  and  they  continued  to  be  worn  more  or 
less  either  in  ordinary,  or  court  dress,  till  they  were 
ignominiously  expelled  from  St.  James's  by  the 
"  first  gentleman  in  Europe ;"  who,  as  the  "  slave 
of  buttons  and  tight  breeches,"  strongly  objected 
to  so  loose  a  costume. 

In  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  1753  (p.  483), 
is  a  poem,  styled  "  A  Recipe  for  a  Lady's  Dress," 
in  which  the  sex  is  enjoined  to  — 

"  Make  your  petticoat  short,  that  a  hoop  eight  yards 

wide, 
May  decently  show  how  your  garters  are  ty'd." 

About  1793  the  hoop,  or  fardingale,  took  a  pe- 
culiar form  called  the  "  pad,"  which  excited  the 
abuse  of  the  scribblers  of  George  lll.'s  reign,  as 
much  as  its  predecessor  had  done  those  of  Anne. 
A  farce  was  brought  on  the  stage  to  ridicule  it ; 
and  the  press  teemed  with  scurrilous  pamphlets 
and  lampoons,  attributing  the  wearing  it,  as  Ad- 
dison had  done  before,  to  the  worst  of  purposes.* 


*  The  following  is  a  portion  of  the  title  of  a  brochure 
:>f  1793 :  "  Humorous  Hints  to  Ladies  of  Fashion,  who 
ivish  to  appear  perpetually  Prolific.  In  Letters  from 
Lady  Tabitha  Twins  in  London,  to  her  Friends  in  the 
Country.  Embellished  with  a  portrait  of  a  lady  of 
extraordinary  fecundity,"  &c.  (Symonds,  8vo,  1793.) 


358 


[3"»  S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63. 


It  is  odd  that  this  fashion  should  have  had  its 
rise  under  Queen  Elizabeth,  been  revived  under 
Queen  Anne,  and,  finally  let  us  hope,  reached  its 
climax  under  Queen  Victoria. 

Let  us  console  ourselves,  however,  that  the  in- 
troduction of  hoops  has  at  least  not  been  followed 
by  the  revival  of  the  other  fashionable  absurdities 
of  a  bygone  day  :  such  as  pet  monkeys,  china  mon- 
sters, musty  snuff';*  and  though  last,  not  least, 
that  monstrous  abortion  the  perriwig.f 

It  is  said  that  the  "  flowing  peruke,"  worn  by 
Colley  Gibber  in  the  character  of  Lord  Fopping- 
ton,  J  was  so  immense,  that  when  it  was  carried 
across  the  stage  in  a  sedan  chair,  his  own  absence 
from  under,  or  rather  out  of,  it  was  not  discovered 
by  the  audience !  In  fact,  to  quote  from  the  play 
itself,  "  it  would  serve  him  for  hat  and  cloak  in 
all  weathers." 

In  the  Prologue  to  Haut  Ton,  written  by  Geo. 
Colman,  I  find  enumerated:  — 
"  The  Tyburn  scratch,  thick  Club  and  Temple  tyes, 

The  parson's  feather-top,  frizzed,  broad,  and  high  ! 

The  coachman's  cauliflower,  built  tiers  on  tiers !  "  § 

There  were  also  "  triple- bobs "  and  "bob- 
majors,"  &c. 

Although  I  fear  my  paper  is  much  too  long 
already,  I  cannot  resist  transcribing  the  following 
observations,  of  Addison's  at  the  end  of  the 
"Petticoat  Trial"  (Tatler,  116):  — 

"  I  consider,"  says  he,  "woman  as  a  beautiful  romantic 
animal,  that  may  be  adorned  with  furs  and  feathers, 
pearls  and  diamonds,  ores  and  silks.  The  lynx  shall 
cast  its  skin  at  her  feet  to  make  her  a  tippet ;  the  pea- 
cock, parrot,  and  swan,  shall  pay  contributions  to  her 


"A  great  quantity  of  musty  snuff  was  captured  in 
the  Spanish  fleet  which  was  taken,  or  burnt,  at  Vigo, 
1703:  it  soon  became  fashionable  to  use  no  snuff  but 
what  had  this  musty  flavour." — Nichols's  Tatler,  No.  27, 
note. 

"  Sincerity  in  love,"  say  Lady  Betty  Modish,  "  is  as 
much  out  of  fashion  as  sweet  snuff;  nobody  takes  it 
now." — Cibber's  Careless  Husband,  A.D.  1704. 

t  The  dandies  of  Queen  Anne's  time  used  to  carrv  a 
comb  in  their  pockets,  and  it  was  considered  a.  fast  thing 
to  comb  the  periwig  in  public!  This  monstrously  absurd 
custom  is  frequently  alluded  to  in  contemporaneous  litera- 
ture. Moliere,  in  the  Impromptu  de  Versailles,  giving 
directions  to  La  Grange  how  to  enact  the  part  of  a  Mar- 
quis ridicule,  bids  him  remember  to  enter  "  avec  cet  air 
qu'on  nomine  le  bel  air,  peignant  votre  perruque,  Sfc.  It  is 
noticed  in  the  Tntle.r,  and,  not  to  multiply  instances,  in 
the  following  extracts  from  Some  Observations  on  the 
Answer  to  [Kchard's?]  Enquiry  into  the  Grounds  of  the 
Contempt  of  the  Clergy,  by  J.  Ii.,  1696  :  — 

"  As  having  nothing  (poor  heart)  to  say  against  the 
clergyman,  he  combs  his  peruke  at  him." 

"  It  is  no  such  easy  matter,  upon  my  word,  to  judge 
how  much  of  the  handkerchief  shall  hang  out  of  the  coat 
pocket,  and  how  to  poyse  it  exactly  with  the  tortoiseshell 
comb  on  the  other  side,"  &c. 

J  In  Vanbrugh's  Relapse,  better  known  as  altered  by 
Sheridan,  A  Trip  to  Scarborough. 

§  Comp.  Juvenal,  Sat.  VI.  500  :  — 

"  Tot  premit  ordinibus,  tot  ad  hue  compagibus  altum 
vEdificat  caput," 


muff;  the  sea  shall  be  searched  for  shells,  and  the  rocks 
for  gems ;  and  every  part  of  nature  furnish  out  its  share 
towards  the  embellishment  of  a  creature  that  is  the  most 
consummate  of  it.  All  this  I  shall  indulge  them  in ;  but 
as  for  the  PETTICOAT  I  have  been  speaking  of,  I  neither 
can  nor  will  allow  it." 

H,  S.  G. 


NEWSPAPER  FOLK  LORE. 
(!•*  S.  vi.  221,  338,  466 ;  ix.  29,  ,84,  276,  523.) 

The  early  numbers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  recorded 
many  supposed  cases  of  reptile  swallowing.  They 
are  of  course  fictitious.  The  following  cutting 
from  the  Leeds  Mercury  of  August  19,  shows  that 
the  superstition  is  current  in  Sweden  as  well  as 
Britain :  — 

"  '  A  peasant  from  Treherningssjo'Kapell,'  says  a  phy- 
sician at  Oernkoldsvik,  in  his  official  report  to  the  Royal 
Swedish  Sanitary  College,  '  visited  me  at  the  beginning 
of  this  year  to  consult  me  regarding  an  unwelcome  guest 
that  had  got  into  his  stomach,  namely,  a  snake.  During 
a  journey,  he  had  slept  one  night  in  a  peasant's  cottage 
in  a  wicker  basket  which  stood  upon  the  floor,  and  at 
once  he  woke,  feeling  something  which  resembled  a  cold 
live  body  sliding  down  his  throat.  He  remembered  that 
he  had  seen  some  large  and  half-decayed  logs  brought  in 
for  the  fire-place,  and  at  once  bethought  himself  that 
very  likely  a  snake  might  have  lain  in  one  of  the  holes 
in  these  logs,  and  during  the  night  have  come  out  to  seek 
a  warmer  dwelling  by  sliding  down  the  sleeper's  open 
mouth  into  his  stomach.  This  idea  became  quite  rooted 
with  him.  When  he  got  home  he  took  Epsom  salts  and 
aloes  in  enormous  doses,  but  the  snake,  which  had  at 
once  notified  its  presence  by  suckings  just  below  the 
navel  and  bites  in  the  abdomen  (  !),  was  not  brought  to 
light.  After  this  the  poor  sufferer  drank  at  once  half-a- 
gallon  or  more  of  warm  mare's  urine,  but  of  no  avail. 
Had  he  had  more,  he  said,  he  should  have  drank  more. 
Now  he  drank  a  quartern  of  nitric  acid  mixed  with  three 
pints  of  water,  but  equally  unavailing;  the  snake  only 
grew  more  restive.  Next  a  sort  of  soup  was  made  of 
thin  sour  ale  and  the  juice  from  tobacco  pipes  which  had 
riot  been  cleaned  for  more  than  a  year.  Cold  sweatings, 
retchings,  and  at  last  vomiting  followed,  but  the  man  only 
got  worse.  He  now  tried,  assisted  by  two  friends,  to  kill 
the  snake,  by  squeezing  it  to  death ;  and  he  and  his  friends 
continued  during  nine  hours  to  knead  away,  and  the  snake 
really  became  more  quiet  for  about  twenty-four  hours, 
but  that  was  all.  After  having  drunk  several  quarterns 
of  turpentine  to  no  use,  an  attempt  was  made  at  angling 
for  it.  A  sort  of  fish  hook  was  made  of  iron  wire,  and  a 
lump  of  dough  composed  of  flour,  white  of  eggs,  treacle, 
and  butter,  was  put  on  as  bait.  Tho  hook,  fixed  to  a 
string,  was  then  swallowed,  and  after  about  half  an  hour, 
a  '  bite  '  was  felt,  and  the  string  was  therefore  hauled  in, 
and  the  patient  could  distinctly  feel  how  the  snake  clung 
to  the  hook;  but  unfortunately,  just  as  it  came  to  the 
gorge  the  snake  let  go  its  hold,  and  down  it  sank  again 
into  the  stomach.  The  next  attempt  was  still  more  un- 
fortunate, as  the  hook  got  fixed  in  the  throat,  and  it  took 
long  to  get  it  loose  again.  It  would  have  been  thought 
that  this  would  have  induced  the  patient  to  give  up  any 
further  attempts  at  angling ;  but  no,  a  third  attempt  was 
made,  and  an  extra  tackle  fixed  at  the  hollow  part  of  the 
hook,  to  be  able  to  get  it  loose  if  it  should  fix  again. 
This  time  the  snake  would  not  bite  at  all ;  the  hook  was 
drawn  up  bare,  and  all  further  attempts  at  angling  relin- 
quished. Quite  in  despair,  the  peasant  now  consulted 


3»*  S.. IV.  OCT.  3J,'63.'J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


359 


me  (the  physician  spoken  of  above).  I  tried  to  reason 
•with  him,  but  it  was  no  use;  he  clung  to  his  idea.  I 
Lave  sinoe  heard  that  he  has  consulted  both  physicians 
and  others,  and  was  at  last  obliged  to  return  home  unal- 
leviated.  When  he  got  home  he  became  addicted  to 
drink,  which  seems  to  have  been  the  only  remedy  which 
after  some  time  really  has  cured  him.'  The  tale  seems  so 
wonderful  that  it  is  difficult  to  believe  it,  but  as  it  is  taken 
from  an  official  report  of  a  Swedish  physician,  there  can 
be  no  doubt  of  its  truth." — Swedish  Paper, 

GRIME. 


BISHOPS'   ROBES. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  267.) 


The  impression  of  J.  B.  regarding  the  dress  of 
an  Anglican  bishop  of  the  present  day  is  not  quite 
accurate.  This  dress  consists  of — (1)  the  cassock ; 
(2)  the  sleeveless  rochet ;  (3)  the  chimere,  with 
lawn  sleeves  attached;  (4)  the  scarf ;  (5)  the  tren- 
cher-cap. On  each  of  these  I  propose  to  say  a 
few  words.  The  cassock  when  worn  without  the 
other  episcopal  vestments,  is  most  improperly  cut 
short  at  the  knees,  which  has  led  to  the  vulgar 
error  of  calling  it  "  the  bishop's  apron ; "  the 
same  thing  has  occurred  with  the  cassocks  ordi- 
narily worn  by  deans  and  archdeacons.  At  the 
present  time,  too,  the  bishop's  cassock  is  black 
instead  of  purple,  as  it  should  be.  Bishop  Twells 
wore  one  of  the  proper  colour. 

The  rochet  is  a  linen  vestment  less  ample  than 
a  surplice,  but  made  in  plaits,  and  having  close 
sleeves  like  an  alb.  The  lawn  sleeves  are  the 
sleeves  of  the  rochet,  although  now  very  impro- 
perly fastened  to  the  chimere,  and  exaggerated  to 
an  almost  ludicrous  extent.  The  rochet  was  the 
canonical  dress  of  a  bishop  in  public  until  the 
Reformation,  but  was  also  worn  by  doctors  of 
laws,  canons  of  cathedrals,  and  other  dignitaries, 
as  may  be  seen  from  many  brasses,  tombs,  and 
pictures.  ,  A  priest  too  often  wore  a  sleeveless 
rochet  at  baptisms,  in  order  that  his  arms  might 
be  more  at  liberty. 

The  cbimere  is  generally  considered  to  be  a 
sort  of  cope  with  holes  for  the  arms  :  its  colour 
was  scarlet,  and  its  material  silk  until  the  time  of 
Bishop  Hooper,  who  got  the  black  satin  chimere 
substituted  for  the  more  ancient  one.  A  scarlet 
silk  cliimere  is  worn  by  the  bishops  at  the  meet- 
ings of  convocation,  and  when  the  sovereign  opens 
Parliament.  Jebb  says,  "  Perhaps,  however,  the 
origin  of  both  the  chimere,  the  Oxford  habit,  and 
Cambridge  doctorial  cope,  and  the  episcopal  man- 
telletum  may  all  be  derived  from  the  dalmatic  or 
tunicle,  which  was  formerly  a  characteristic  part  of 
the  dress  of  bishops  and  deacons."  If  this  sup- 
position be  correct — which  is  very  probable  as  the 
Greek  dalmatic  or  colobion,  as  it  is  called  by  the 
Eastern  Church,  unlike  the  Roman  vestment,  has 
no  sleeves  —  the  chimere  should  not  reach  much 
below  the  knee,  instead  of  extending  to  the  feet, 


as  now  usually  worn.  The  Roman  fashion  has  cur- 
tailed the  dalmatic  as  it  has  all  other  ecclesiastical 
vestments — a  practice  which  has  quite  spoilt  their 
beauty  (this  is  particularly  noticeable  in  the 
chasuble  and  surplice),  and  is  justly  stigmatised 
by  Jebb  as  corrupt. 

Of  the  scarf  but  little  need  be  said :  it  is  worn 
by  all  cathedral  dignitaries  and  chaplains  as  of 
right,  and  represents  probably  the  choir  tippet ; 
the  stole  ought  to  be  worn  over  it.  The  modern 
practice  of  the  ordinary  clergy  wearing  the  scarf 
instead  of  the  stole  has,  like  many  other  customs, 
no  warrant  whatever. 

I  do  not  think  that  the  trencher  cap  so  much  in 
vogue  with  our  bishops  was  ever  worn  during 
divine  service,  although  the  zuchetto  and  biretta 
were  so  worn  by  priests.  The  proper  head  dress 
of  a  bishop  during  the  divine  mysteries  is  a  rnitre ; 
and  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  use  of  this  most  an- 
cient and  symbolical  ornament  will  become  com- 
mon once  more.  Some  of  the  colonial  bishops 
have  revived  its  proper  use,  but  the  majority  of 
our  right  reverend  prelates  are  content  to  see  it 
figured  as  an  heraldic  (pace  Mr.  Lower)  embel- 
lishment, although  it  is  by  no  means  uncommon 
to  find  the  marble  effigies  of  deceased  bishops 
adorned  with  mitres.  York  Minster  furnishes 
numerous  instances  of  post-reformation  arch- 
bishops represented  with  mitre  and  pastoral  staff. 

J.  B.  is  doubtless  aware  that  by  the  rubric  a 
bishop  is  bound  to  wear  an  alb  or  surplice  over 
his  rochet  and  a  cope  when  celebrating  the  Holy 
Communion,  and  also  to  have  his  pastoral  staff 
with  him.  J.  A.  PN. 

The  rochette,  according  to  Tyrwhitt,  was  a  woman's 
loose  upper  garment.  (Chaucer's  Romaunt  of  the 
Rose).  From  Palmer's  Origines  Liturgicee  and  the 
dress  of  Bishop  Fox,  represented  in  Fairholt's  Cos- 
tume of  England  (p.  275),  it  appears  that  the  lower 
part  is  the  chimere,  and  the  upper  part  (breast 
and  sleeves)  is  the  rochette,  denned  as  "  a  black 
satin  dress,  with  lawn  sleeves  worn  by  Protestant 
bishops."  "  The  word  rochette  is  not  of  great  an- 
tiquity, and  perhaps  cannot  be  traced  back  further 
than  the  thirteenth  century."  (Fairholt,  p.  276). 
It  was  adopted  by  the  clergy  in  the  Middle  Ages, 
and  is  still  worn  (id.  p.  591).  "The  alb  is  the 
origin  of  all  surplices  and  rochets,  and  the  former 
article"  only  varies  from  it  now  in  having  wider 
sleeves."  (Id,  p.  409,  and  pi.  at  p.  50;  Jebb's 
Choral  Services,  p.  219). 

If  the  square  cap  of  the  universities  was  for- 
merly that  part  of  the  amice  which  covered  the 
h£ad,  and  afterwards  became  separated  from  it, 
as  Du  Cange  supposes,  it  wag  originally  worn 
during  divine  service.  (Fairholt,  pp.  276,  410.) 
It  was  customary  in  France  to  wear  the  amice  on 
the  head  from  the  Feast  of  All  Saints  until  Easter, 
letting  it  fall  back  upon  the  shoulders  during  the 


360. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63. 


gospel.  Anciently,  as  capuchon  or  hood,  it  was, 
according  to  Durand,  typical  of  the  helmet  of  sal- 
vation. (Id.  411.)  A  bishop  of  the  time  of  Charles 
II.  wears  a  cap  approximating  to  the  present 
square  cap,  as  represented  by  Fairholt  (p.  327). 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 


Your  correspondent  J.  B.  inquires  if  the  "square 
cap,"  now  carried  by  bishops,  was  not  at  one  time 
worn  by  them  during  divine  service  ?  I  should  say 
certainly  not ;  for  the  cap  in  question  is  the  or- 
dinary out-door  college  cap,  and  is  very  different 
from  the  square  priest's  cap  still  worn  by  Roman 
Catholic  clergy,  and  which  was  retained  in  our 
own  church  up  to  the  last  century.  There  is,  or 
was,  one  of  these  square  caps  preserved  in  this 
town,  which  was  unquestionably  worn  by  a  vicar 
of  one  of  the  parish  churches  about  the  time  of 
the  invasion  of  the  Pretender.  He  must  have 
been  a  high-churchman,  for  it  is  recorded  of  him, 
that  he  prayed  publicly  for  "  King  James  "  during 
the  occupancy  of  the  town  by  Prince  Charles 
Edward.  J.  B. 

Derby.  

The  rochet  is  certainly  an  ancient  ecclesiastical 
dress ;  a  kind  of  surplice,  but  differing  from  it  in 
having  either  close  sleeves,  or  no  sleeves  at  all. 
Wide  sleeves  were  never  any  part  of  a  rochet. 
Though  it  was  originally  worn  by  priests,  and 
even  sometimes  by  acolyths,  it  became  afterwards, 
and  long  before  the  change  of  religion  in  this 
country,  a  vestment  reserved  for  bishops. 

The  square  cap  began  to  be  used  in  the  fifteenth 
century  :  it  was  worn  on  the  head  at  certain 
parts  of  the  divine  offices,  but  not  at  others,  as  it 
still  is  in  the  services  of  the  Catholic  Church. 

F.  C.  H. 


BRIAN  KING  AND  MARTYR  (3rd  S.  iv.  304.)  —  I 
presume  that  the  martyr  king  in  question  is  no  other 
than  the  celebrated  Brian  Boromhe,  or  Boru, 
slain  by  the  Danish  admiral,  Bruadair,  at  the 
battle  of  Clontarf.  The  battle  was  fought  on 
Good  Friday,  A.D.  1014.  The  aged  Brian  was 
slain  whilst  earnestly  engaged  in  prayer,  and 
while  the  shouts  of  his  victorious  soldiers  were  ring- 
ing in  his  ears.  "  Brianus,  rex  Hiberniae,  Parasceve 
Paschse,  sexta  feria  9  calendas  Maii,  manibus  et 
mente  ad  Deum  intentus  necatur "  are  the  words 
used  by  the  chronicler.  The  monks  of  St.  Patrick 
kept  watch  over  the  dead  monarch  for  twelve 
days  and  nights,  commending  his  soul  to  the  mercy 
of  God.  If  this  be  the  Brian  sought  for  by  HIBER- 
NICUS,  it  certainly  does  seem  strange  that  he  should 
be  commemorated  March  12,  and  not  on  April  23, 
the  day  of  his  murder. 

W.  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 


JOSEPH  FOWKE  (3rd S.  iv.  287.)— "Died  at  Bath, 
aged  eighty-four,  Joseph  Fowke,  Esq.  (May  16, 
1800)."  See  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  1800, 
vol.  Ixx.  part  I.  p.  493.  'A\ievs. 

Dublin. 

PRAYERS  FOR  THE  DEAD  (3rd  S.  iv.  188.) — The 
following  extract  from  a  note  appended  to  Car- 
dinal Wiseman's  Lectures  on  the  Principal  Doc- 
trines and  Practices  of  the  Catholic  Church, 
delivered  in  Moorfields  in  1836,  will  throw  light 
upon  the  observation  of  Daille",  that  the  Church 
of  Rome  has  utterly  abolished  the  custom  of  pray- 
ing for  the  saints  departed,  of  which  LORD  LYT- 
TELTON  seeks  an  explanation  in  your  columns  :  — 

"  Dr.  Pusey's  opinion  is  —  1st.  That  in  the  ancient 
church,  prayers  were  offered  for  all  the  departed,  includ- 
ing apostles  and  martyrs,  in  the  same  manner.  2ndly. 
That  such  prayers  had  reference,  not  to  the  alleviation  of 
pain,  but  to  the  augmentation  of  happiness,  or  the  hasten- 
ing of  perfect  joy,  not  possessed  by  them  till  the  end 
of  time.  3rdly.  That  the  '  cruel '  invention  of  purgatory 
is  modern.  *4thly.  That  the  English  Church  allows 
prayer  for  the  dead,  in  that  more  comprehensive  and 
general  form.  As  to  the  first,  there  is  no  doubt  that, 
in  the  ancient  liturgies,  the  saints  are  mentioned  in  the 
same  prayer  as  the  other  departed  faithful :  from  the 
simple  circumstance,  that  they  were  so  united  before  the 
public  suffrage  of  the  church  proclaimed  them  to  belong  to 
a  hvppier  order.*  ....  Dr.  Pusey,  too,  is  doubtless  well 
acquainted  with  the  saying  of  the  same  father  (St.  Au- 
gustine), that  'he  does  injury  to  a  martyr  who  prays  for 
a  martyr,' — '  Injuriam  facio  martyri,  qui  orat  pro  mar- 
tyre.'  " 

It  is  well  known'  that  the  Church  of  Rome  dis- 
tinguishes between  those  who  die  in  a  state  of 
grace,  but  have  yet  to  satisfy  (as  she  teaches)  in 
purgatory  for  the  temporal  punishment  due  to 
their  sins ;  and  "  the  perfect,"  who  (to  use  the 
words  of  Liguori)  "  leave  this  world  purified  from 
all  stain  by  patience  and  holy  works." 

There  is  a  difference  of  opinion  in  the  Church 
of  Rome  with  regard  to  the  former,  whether  they 
can  pray  for  others  or  not.  Thomas  Aquinas 
maintaining  the  affirmative,  and  Bellarmin  and 
others  the  negative ;  but  with  regard  to  the  saints 
"  reigning  together  with  Christ,"  in  the  words  of 
the  Council  of  Trent,  the  Roman  Church  teaches 
that  they  are  undoubtedly  to  be  invoked  and 
their  intercession  to  be  sought. 

I  may  add  that  whilst  Berington  and  Kirk,  in 
The  Faith  of  Catholics,  appeal  to  the  same  pas- 
sage of  Epiphanius  —  which  is  cited  by  Daille,  as 
proof  of  the  practice  of  the  ancients  —  they  omit 
that  portion  of  it  in  which  Epiphanius  makes  men- 
tion of  the  Apostles,  Evangelists,  and  Martyrs. 

C.  J.  ELLIOTT. 

Winkfield  Vicarage. 

MRS.  HEMANS'S  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  iv.  323.)  —  I 
have  always  supposed  "  The  Graves  of  a  House- 
hold" to  be  imaginary.  Is  there  evidence  to 

*  The  italics  are  mine. 


S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


361 


show  that  it  actually  describes  Mrs.  Hemans's  fa- 
mily, as  MR.  KELLY  seems  to  mean  ?  and  can  he 
tell  me  the  particulars  about  the  other  members  ? 
It  would  add  greatly  to  the  interest  of  one  of  the 
most  beautiful  of  poems.  LTTTELTON. 

SINAITIC  INSCRIPTIONS  (3rd  S.  iii.  448,  497.)  — 
Q.  E.  D.  has  made  strange  blunders  in  his  reply 
on  this  subject  to  the  inquiry  of  J.  H.  E.  The 
alphabet  was  not  discovered  by  "  the  late  Herr 
Tuch,"  but  by  Professor  Beer  of  the  University 
of  Leipzig ;  and  if  No.  77  of  the  3rd  S.  of  "  N.  &  Q. 
should  fall  into  the  hands  of  Herr  Tuch,  he  will 
be  somewhat  astonished  at  the  intelligence  of  the 
"  early  death,"  which  is  said  to  have  put  a  stop  to 
his  researches.  At  all  events  it  will  be  news  to 
him !  Q. 

EDMUND  PRESTWICH  (3rd  S.  iv.  168)  did  not 
graduate  in  Cambridge  University.  A  search 
amongst  the  matriculations  is  not  practicable  until 
the  date  of  his  birth  be  ascertained. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

BOCHART  OR  BOSHART  (3rd  S.  iv.  109, 157.)— We 
learn  from  La  Chenaye  des  Bois  (Diet,  de  la  No- 
blesse) that  the  Bochart  family  trace  back  to 
"  Guillaume  Bochart,  Seigneur  de  Noroi,  Gentil- 
homme,  servant  du  Roi  Charles  VII.,  qui  etoit  de 
Vezelai  en  Bourgogne."  The  correct  pronuncia- 
tion of  the  name  may  depend  on  its  signification,  the 
language  from  which  it  was  derived,  and  the  stem 
from  which  it  was  formed ;  for  inasmuch  as  Bo- 
chart is  not  a  local  name,  it  is  most  probably 
a  patronymic.  If  so,  Bochart  (Boch-art)  would 
signify  "  descendant  or  son  of  Boch  or  Bock  "  ; 
probably  derived  from  the  Ger.  bock,  cervus,  caper, 
aries.  De  la  Chenaye  gives  a  French  family  named 
Bock,  as  originally  from  Franconia. 

R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 

SATIRICAL  BALLAD  (3rd  S.  iv.  271.) — These 
"  Lenten  Letanies "  seem  to  have  been  common 
in  the  days  of  the  Commonwealth.  Another  will 
be  found  in  — 

"  Martial  bis  Epigrams,  translated  with  Sundry  Poems 
and  Fancies,  by  R.  Fletcher.  London:  Printed  by  T. 
Mabb,  1656." 

Fletcher  entitles  his  Litany  — 

"  A  Lenten  Letany,  composed  by  a  confiding  Brother, 
for  the  Benefit  and  Edification  of  the  Faithful  Ones." 

The  stanza  quoted  by  C.  W.  is  not  in  it,  but 
the  idea  running  through  the  following  stanzas  is 
not  unlike  :  — 
"  From  a  vinegar  priest  on  a  crab-tree  stock, 

From  a  foddering  of  prayer  four  hours  by  the  clock, 

From  a  holy  sister  with  a  pittiful  smock, 

Libera  nos. 
"  From  the  nick  and  froth  of  a  penny  pot-house, 

From  the  fiddle  and  cross  and  a  great  Scotch  louse, 

From  committees  that  chop  up  a  man  like  a  mouse. 
Libera  nos." 

C.  T.  RAMAGK. 


DRINKING  SONG  (2nd  S.  viii.  185.)  —  It  is  not 
yet  settled  what  this  drinking  song  is ;  that  is, 
which  is  the  true  version.  I  join  those  who  do 
not  attribute  it  to  Walter  Mapes :  a  recent  ex- 
amination of  his  undoubted  works  has  satisfied 
me  that  both  the  matter  and  the  manner  are  not 
his.  One  version  is  given  by  Wright,  in  the 
volume  of  the  Camden  Society,  from  a  Sloane 
manuscript.  Another  has  been  handed  to  me  by 
a  friend,  as  found  in  Methfessel,  Allgemeines 
Lieder  und  Commersbuch,  Hamburgh,  1831.  The 
two  agree  substantially  in  the  first  tetrastich,  and 
differ  in  all  the  rest.  The  two  verses  which 
BARNABEE,  JUN.  gives,  apparently  as  the  whole 
song,  and  which  Leigh  Hunt  translated,  are  the 
first  two  verses  of  the  Hamburgh  version,  which 
appears  to  me  much  superior  to  that  given  by 
Wright.  As  it  seems  to  be  little  known,  I  give  it 
entire.  I  suppose  the  truth  to  be  that,  different 
songs,  with  the  same  opening,  were  in  circula- 
tion :  perhaps  other  versions  may  be  produced : — 

"  Mihi  est  propositum  in  taberna  mori, 
Vinum  sit  appositum  morientis  ori ; 
Ut  dicant,  cum  venerint,  angelorum  chori, 
Deus  sit  propitius  huic  potatori. 

"  Poculis  accenditur  animi  lucerna, 
Cor  imbutum  nectare  volat  ad  superna ; 
Mihi  sapit  dulcius  vinum  in  taberna, 
Quam  quod  aqua  miscuit  praesulis  pincerna. 

"  Suum  cuique  proprium  dat  natura  munus, 
Ego  nunquam  potui  scribere  jejunus; 
Me  jejunum  vincere  posset  puer  unus, 
Sitiui  et  jejunium  odi  tanquam  fun  us. 

"  Tales  versus  facio  quale  vinum  bibo, 
Neque  possum  scribere  nisi  sumpto  cibo ; 
Nihil  valet  penitus  quod  jejunus  scribo, 
Nasonem  post  calices  carmine  prseibo. 

"  Mihi  nunquam  spiritus  prophetise  datur, 
Non  nisi  cum  fuerit  venter  bene  satur ; 
Cum  in  arce  cerebri  Bacchus  dominatur, 
In  me  Phoebus  irruit  ac  miranda  fatur." 

A.  DE  MORGAN. 

PISCINA  NEAR  ROODLOFTS  (3rd  S.  iv.  270.)  — 
There  is  in  the  parish  church  of  Eastbourne,  Sus- 
sex, a  piscina  in  a  precisely  similar  position  to  the 
one  your  correspondent  mentions  at  Maxey,  and 
singularly  it  is  also  a  fourteenth  century  insertion 
in  the  spandril  of  a  twelfth  century  arcade ;  how- 
ever I  do  not  suppose  this  situation  for  a  piscina 
s  near  so  uncommon  as  STAMFORDIENSIS  imagines. 
PETERBURGIENSIS. 

Will   you  allow  me  through  the   medium  of 

'  N.  &  Q."  to  inform  STAMFORDIENSIS   that  the 

)iscina  near  the  roodloft  at  Maxey  is  not  unique, 

ilthough  in  such  a  place  it  is  very  rare.     In  our 

own  parish  church  of  St.  John  Baptist,  which  is 

now  undergoing  restoration,  a  very  beautiful  tre- 

bil  headed  decorated  piscina  has  been  discovered 

on  the  south  side  of  the  rood  loft  (in  the  tower), 

which  is,  I  believe,  of  older  date  than  the  piscina. 


362 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'<»  S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63. 


The  description  of  the  piscina  at  Maxey  corre- 
sponds almost  exactly  with  that  here.  The  open- 
ing to  the  rood  loft  on  the  north  side  here  is  now 
made  use  of  as  a  window,  and  another  opening  on 
the  south  side  leads  into  the  tower ;  between  this 
opening  and  the  chancel  arch  is  the  piscina,  at 
one  time  it  was  very  beautifully  illuminated,  great 
portions  of  the  colour  still  remains.  It  is  nearly 
twenty  feet  from  the  floor  of  the  church. 

WM.  C.  PENNY. 
Froome-Selwood. 

I  very  much  question  whether  there  ever  has  been 
an  altar  in  the  position  "STAMFORDIENSIS"  names, 
in  his  account  of  the  piscina  lately  discovered  at 
Maxey,  Northamptonshire,  if  indeed  it  can  be 
proved  to  be  a  genuine  piscina,  for  the  height 
from  the  ground  being  fourteen  feet,  it  is  evident 
that  the  altar  must  have  been  in  the  roodloft ;  and 
considering  its  use,  it  is  rather  improbable  to 
find  ah  altar  there,  more  especially  on  the  nave 
side. 

My  own  opinion  is,  that  it  has  been  used  as  a 
recess  for  an  image  of  the  Blessed  Virgin,  or  as  a 
receptacle  for  holy  water,  as  frequently  found  in 
porches  and  other  places  in  old  churches.  In 
either  case  it  is  not  improbable  that  it  may  have 
been  an  old  piscina  built  in  the  wall  for  that  pur- 
pose. 

Being  of  the  Decorative  period,  and  placed  in 
Norman  work,  it  is  certainly  not  part  of  the 
original,  and  at  that  height  from  the  ground  it  is 
rather  improbable  that  the  drain  would  have  been 
made  to  the  ground  as  required  for  a  piscina,  and 
without  that  it  would  have  been  useless  for  the 
purpose  ;  and  as  the  general  height  from  the  floor 
to  the  basin  of  a  piscina  is  not  more  than  two  feet, 
it  would  make  the  height  of  the  roodloft  twelve 
feet. 

The  height  of  the  opening,  however,  from 
the  basin  to  the  crown  of  arch,  would  enable  one 
to  form  a  more  correct  and  decisive  opinion  upon 
it,  especially  if  there  were  any  marks  remaining 
of  the  woodloffc's  exact  height.  R.  M. 

QUOTATIONS,  ETC.  (3rd  S.  ii.  306.) — I  have  much 
pleasure  in  sending  r.  the  following :  — 

5.  St.  Augustine.  —  A  passage  to  this  effect  will 
be  found  in  the  De  Civ.  Dei,  xxii.  5  :  — 

"  Piscatores  Christus  cum  retibus  fidei  ad  mare  hujus 
saeculi  paucissimos  misit,  atque  ita  ex  omni  genere  tarn 
multos  pisces,  et  tanto  mirabiliores  quanto  rariores  etiara 
ipsos  philosophos  cepit." 

5.  Anonymous.  —  See  a  noble  passage  in  Plato, 
Thccetetus,  176.  A.  ireipaffOai  xfi  ^vBevSe  iKe 
Qfirffiv  8  ri  rd%i&r<t '  <j>vy)i  8e  o/uoioxm  6eqi  Kara,  ri> 
Svfar6v'  6/j.olcaffis  8e  SIKCUOJ/  Kal  tiffiov  juera  tftpuvfjaecas 
yevtffOcu. 

19.  Anonymous. — There  is  a  curious  parallelism 
to  this  quoted  from  St.  Bernard,  Serm.  11.  in  Corn. 
A  Lapide,  On  the  Minor  Prophets,  p.  3,  "  in.  ter- 
renis  lynces,  in  coelestibus  talpae." 


6.  (p.  408.)  —  This  alludes  to  Aristotle's  blank 
despair  when  he  treats  of  death,  Eth.  Nic.  iii.  6,  6. 
(po0fpd>rarov  5'  &  BdvaTos'  irepas  7«p,  Kal  ovSev  ?TI  r<f 
Tfdvewri  5oKe?  otfr'  ayaBbv  ofrre  Kaitbi>  eivai. 

PELAGIUS. 

RECOVERY  FROM  APPARENT  DEATH  (3rd  S.  ii. 
25,  114.)  —  A  woman,  supposed  to  be  dead,  was  a 
few  days  back  removed  to  the  hospital  of  Blidah 
in  Algeria,  for  the  purpose  of  being  subjected  to 
a  post-mortem  examination,  her  disease  having  ap- 
peared inexplicable  to  the  medical  men  who  had 
attended  her.  As  the  surgeon  was  about  to 
make  use  of  th6  scalpel,  and  commence  her  dis- 
section, the  supposed  corpse  uttered  a  loud  shriek, 
and  sat  up.  She  had  been  in  a  state  of  lethargy, 
and  awoke  just  in  time.  It  will  be  remembered 
that  Abbe  Prevost,  the  author  of  Manon  Lescaut, 
was  less  fortunate.  It  is  known  he  died  from 
wounds  inflicted  by  the  dissecting-  knife  under 
similar  circumstances.  (Galignani.) 

W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 

FORMS  OF  PRAYER  (1st  S.  ix.  407.)  —  A  refer- 
ence as  above  is  made  to  an  important  collection 
of  prayers  formed  by  Dr.  Niblock,  and  your  note 
may  be  completed  by  stating  that  a  list  of  those 
in  his  possession  will  be  found  in  the  Gentleman's 
Magazine  for  1829,  Part  n.  p.  32.  S.  O. 

LAWS  OF  LAURISTON  (3rd  S.  iii.  486  ;  iv.  31, 
76,  132,  214,  295.)— McClewian  for  McClellan,  is 
evidently  a  clerical  error  of  your  correspondent 
E.  M.  C.,  or  possibly  of  the  printer ;  and,  in  re- 
ferring to  it,  A.  T.  LEE  would  seem  to  evade  the 
real  point,  which  is,  that  Capt.  Lee  did  not,  as 
MR.  LEE  stated,  marry  Margaret  Hay.  He  mar- 
ried Margaret  McClellan,  who  was  daughter  of 
Mrs.  Wingate  McClellan,  and  granddaughter  of 
Dr.  Hay's  daughter  Margaret  Carruthers,  nee 
Hay.  This  is  beyond  doubt,  for  I  take  it  from  an 
authenticated  pedigree  of  the  Laws  of  Lauriston, 
of  which  I  hope  soon  to  be  able  to  send  you  a 
sketch.  A. 

GIBRALTAR  (3rd  S.  ii.  427.) — The  contemplated 
cession  of  this  fortress  is  mentioned  in  the  Me- 
moires  du  Due  de  St.  Simon.  I  do  not  recollect 
in  which  of  the  later  volumes ;  but  as  there  is  a 
copious  Index,  I  suppose  it  could  be  easily  found. 
Edit.  Paris,  1829.  F.  C.  B. 

OBSCURE  SCOTTISH  SAINTS  (3rd  S.  iv.  111.)  — 
Rume,  or  Rome's  Cross.  The  name  of  Rum,  or 
Rume,  has  sometimes  been  associated  with  St. 
Paulinus;  indeed,  some  historians  have  gone  so 
far  as  to  say  that  "  Rum,  the  son  of  Urien  of  Re- 
ged,  on  the  expulsion  of  his  family  from  the 
throne,  went  to  Rome ;  where  he  was  ordained  by 
Gregory,  received  the  name  of  Paulinus,  and 
afterwards  was  sent  back  to  Britain  with  other 
missionaries."  The  connection  of  Paulinus  with 
King  Edwin  is  well  known,  yet  one  historian 


8"  S.  IV.  OCT.  81,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


363 


assures  us  that  that  monarch  was  baptised  by  one 
Rum.  Supposing,  therefore,  that  Paulinus  and 
Rum  are  one  and  the  same  person,  it  would  be 
easy  to  imagine  how  the  chaplain  of  a  king,  whose 
dominions  extended  far  northwards,  beyond  Ed- 
win'sburgh  and  far  into  the  lowlands  of  Scot- 
land, might  carry  a  mission  even  into  the  distant 
Forfarshire ;  and  where,  his  Latin  name  sounding 
strange  to  the  half-savage  heathen,  he  would  re- 
call the  old  familiar  Rum,  for  Paulinus  ever  over- 
came all  that  seemed  obstacles  in  the  way  of 
making  converts. 

Possibly  A.  J.  may  think  it  rather  daring  to 
associate  "  Rume's  cross  "  with  St.  Paulinus ;  but, 
for  my  own  part,  I  do  not  see  that  it  is  so. 

JEAN  Y . 

MUTILATION  OF  SEPULCHRAL  MONUMENTS  (3rd 
S.  iv.  286.) — The  language  of  your  correspondent 
is  unnecessarily  strong.  I  am  not  aware  of  the 
circumstances  of  the  case  to  which  he  alludes, 
but  I  think  I  may  assume  that  the  slabs  in  ques- 
tion have  been  overlaid  by  tile-paving,  more 
suited  to  the  sacred  character  of  the  spot  than 
memorials  sacred  only  to  man.  What  more  could 
possibly  be  done  than  to  retain  them  in  their 
places,  and  preserve  a  record  of  their  existence  ? 
Your  correspondent  could  have  said  no  more, 
had  they  been  broken  up  to  mend  the  roads. 
Allow  me  to  add,  that  he  is  unfortunate  in  his 
selection  of  a  signature,  the  characters  which  he 
has  placed  at  the  end  of  his  communication  being 
far  more  sacred  than  the  tombstones,  the  conceal- 
ment of  which  he  laments.  VEBNA. 

CHARLES  MARSH  (l!t  S.  x.  367  ;  3rd  S.  lii.  431, 
478.) — This  once  famous  orator,  the  reputed  au- 
thor of  The  Clubs  of  London,  was  admitted  a 
pensioner  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  Oct.  5, 
1792.  His  admission  states  that  he  was  born  at 
Norwich,  and  educated  in  the  school  there  under 
Dr.  Forster.  He  did  not  graduate  in  this  Uni- 
versity. We  hope  this  renewed  mention  of  him. 
may  elicit  the  date  of  his  decease. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

FAST  (3rd  S.  iv.  215.) — I  have  heard  a  servant 
say  that  a  jug  was  fast  when  it  contained  some- 
thing that  was  not  to  be  poured  out,  and  therefore 
was  useless  for  the  time. 

Hitch  is  used  in  Norfolk  as  a  stop,  as  well  as 
a  remove.  "  Hitch  a  little  further ; "  "  There's  a 
hitch  in  that  bargain^" 

Cleave  has  two  meanings  more  distinct.  The 
butcher  cleaves  the  joint  of  meat;  the  husband  is 
exhorted  to  cleave  to  his  wife ;  and  the  tongue 
cleaves  to  the  palate.  The  first  meaning  is  from 
the  A.-S.,  whence  is  the  last  ?  F.  C.  B. 

DERIVATION  or  ALCOHOL  (3rd  S.  iii.  155 ;  iv. 
166,  238.) — Does  not  the  following  throw  a  light 
upon  the  derivation  of  the  word  alcohol? — 


"  Alcohol.  1.  The  powder  of  lead  ore,  a  fine  impal- 
pable powder  with  which  the  Eastern  ladies  tinged  their 
hair.  2.  Any  powder  reduced  to  the  highest  state  of 
purity.  3.  Spirits  of  wine,  or  any  other  fermented  liquor 
rectified  to  the  highest  state  of  perfection." — Paracel. 
de  Tartar.,  from  Crabb's  Technological  Dictionary. 

I  believe  the  powder  (1),  kohhl,  is  made  from 
antimonite  and  soot,  not  from  galena.  Will  your 
correspondent,  who  said  a  similar  powder  is  used 
by  the  women  in  India  (iv.  239),  refer  me  to  where 
I  can  find  the  name,  or  other  particulars  about  it  ? 

JOHN  DAVIDSON. 

POLITICAL  CARICATURES  (3rd  S.  iv.  87.)— F.  M. 
will  find  both  special  information  and  agreeable 
reading  in  JUngland  under  the  House  of  Hanover, 
illustrated  from  the  Caricatures  and  Satires  of  the 
Day,  by  Thomas  Wright,  2nd  edit.  2  volumes, 
London  (Bentley),  1848.  The  question  is  asked, 
When  did  political  caricatures  come  into  fashion  ? 
In  effect,  Mr.  Wright  tells  us  that  they  are  as  old 
as  the  plagues  of  Egypt.  C. 

SERJEANTS-AT-LAW  (3rd  S.  iv.  180,  252.)  — In 
Michaelmas  Term,  1846,  Edward  Vaughan  Wil- 
liams, Esq.,  of  Lincoln's  Inn,  was  called  to  the 
degree  of  the  coif,  and  gave  rings  with  the  motto, 
"Legum  servi  et  liberi;"  and  was  immediately 
afterwards  appointed  one  of  the  Justices  of  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas,  which  appointment  he 
still  holds.  D.  M.  STEVENS. 

Guildford. 

SHAKSPEARE  GENEALOGY  (3rd  S.  iv.  261.)  — 
Before  answering  C.  W.  B.'s  inquiry  whether  an 
esquire  for  the  king's  body  was  really  an  esquire 
and  a  gentleman,  I  think  I  am  entitled  to  ask  of 
him  where  in  your  pages  has  he  (as  he  asserts) 
read  instances  of  testators  and  others  styling  them- 
selves "husbandmen,"  who  were  undoubtedly  of 
gentle  birth,  and  entitled  to  coat-armour  ? 

M.  N.  S. 


The.  Feasts  of  Camelot,  and  the  Tales  that  were  told  there 
By  Mrs.  T.  K.  Hervey.    (Bell  &  Daldy.) 
To  the  Idylls  of  the  King,  we  are  unquestionably  in- 
debted for  the  renewed  interest  which  has  been  awakened 
in  the  Arthurian  cycle  of  Romance;  and  if  we  owe  these 
quaint  and  graceful  little  stories  to  the  same  source,  it  is 
another  obligation  which  the  Laureate  has  imposed  upon 
the  reading  public. 

Arnold  Delahaize;  or,  The  Huguenot  Pastor.      (Bell  & 
Daldy.) 

In  this  imaginary  Biography  of  Arnold  Delahaize,  tt 
authoress  (for  from  many  womanly  touches  in  it,  we 
cannot  doubt  that  this  tale  is  from  the  pen  of  a  lady;, 
furnishes  a  picture  of  the  cruel  persecutions  to  which  the 
Huguenot  martyrs  were  exposed  during  the  reigns  o: 
Louis  XIV.  and  his  successor.  It  is  au  interesting  and 
well-told  story. 


364 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63. 


Hand-Book  to  the  Cotton  Cultivation  in  the  Madras  Pre- 
sidency, fyc.  By  3.  Talboys  Wheeler.  (Virtue  Brothers.) 
Looking  at  the  importance  of  the  subject  of  Cotton 
Cultivation  in  India  not  only  to  India  itself,  but  also 
to  this  country,  the  value  of  a  work  like  the  present, 
"  in  which  the  principle  contents  of  the  various  public 
records  and  other  works  connected  with  the  subject  are 
exhibited  in  a  condensed  and  classified  form,  in  accord- 
ance with  a  resolution  of  the  Government  of  India,"  can 
scarcely  be  over  estimated. 

Essays,  in  a  Series  of  Letters  on  Decision  of  Character,  §-c. 
By  John  Foster.    Thirtieth  Edition.    (Bonn.) 
The  two   words,  "thirtieth  Edition,"  in  the  present 

title-page,  supply  the  best  criticism  which  can  be  offered 

on  the  work  before  us. 

German  Fairy  Tales  and  Popular  Stories  as  told  Ity 
Gammer  Grethel.  Translated  from  the  German  of  MM. 
Grimm.  By  Edgar  Taylor.  With  Illustrations  from 
Designs  by  George  Cruikshank  and  Ludwig  Grimm. 
(Bohn.) 

There  wanted  but  one  thing  to  make  this  book  perfect, 
namely,  that  Mr.  Bohn  should  have  secured  the  coppers 
and  given  us  the  original  etchings  by  George  Cruikshank, 
the  finest  things  that  great  artist  has  ever  done. 

Census  of  the  British  Empire :  compiled  from  Official  He- 
turns  for  the  Year  1861,  with  its  Colonies  and  Foreign 
Possessions.  Arranged  Alphabetically,  Numerically,  and 
Comparatively.    By  Charles  Anthony  Coke.     In  Three 
Parts.    Part  I.,  "  England  and  Wales."     (Harrison.) 
Mr.  Coke  is  doing  good  service  by  condensing  and  pro- 
ducing in  this  compact  and  accessible  form,  the  valuable 
materials  for  our  Social  History  contained  in  the  volu- 
minous Census  Returns  presented  to  Parliament. 

SHAKSPEARE  BOOKS.  —  Either  from  the  interest  ex- 
cited by  the  proposed  Shakspeare  Commemoration,  or 
from  publishers  believing  that  the  study  of  his  writings 
increases  by  what  it  feeds  upon,  the  number  of  announce- 
ments of  forthcoming  Shakspearian  books  is  almost  start- 
ling. In  addition  to  the  Cambridge  Shakspeare,  of  which 
the  first  volume  is  already  before  the  public,  an  edition 
of  his  works  is  announced  by  the  Rev.  Alexander  Dyce, 
with  a  text  very  materially  altered  and  amended  from 
that  published  by  him  in  1857  ;  an  edition  from  the  ori- 
ginal text,  without  note  or  comment,  is  to  appear  under 
the  supervision  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Cowden  Clarice ;  as  is 
also  a  Memorial  Edition,  to  be  called  The  Reference 
Shakespeare,  superintended  by  Mr.  Marsh ;  and,  lastly, 
there  is  a  new  issue  of  Mr.  Staunton's  edition.  A  further 
portion  of  Mr.  Booth's  admirable  reprint  of  the  Editio 
Princeps  is  to  appear  in  the  course  of  November,  and  in 
the  course  of  the  same  month  Messrs.  Longman  will  pub- 
lish the  first  portion  of  a  lithographic  Fac-simile  of  the 
First  Folio  ;  and  lastly,  we  are  promised  Shakespeare,  his 
Birthplace,  Home,  and  Grave,  by  the  Rev.  J.  M.  Jephson, 
illustrated  by  a  series  of  photographs  by  Ernest  Edwards. 

THE  QUARTERLY  REVIEW. — The  new  Number  (228) 
of  the  Quarterly  Review  has  one  great  recommendation  in 
our  eyes,  namely,  it  is  less  political  and  even  more  literary 
than  usual.  The  papers  on  "Co-operative  Societies,"  and 
that  on  "  Japan,"  are  those  most  nearly  approaching  to 
politics;  that  on  the  "  Anti-Papal  Movement  in  Italy" 
being  only  indirectly  so.  The  article  on  the  "  Progress  of 
Engineering  Science "  is  one  to  be  read  with  attention 
by  non-professional  as  well  as  by  professional  readers. 
"  The  Antiquity  of  Man  " —  a  subject  to  which  recent  dis- 
coveries, geological  and  archaeological,  have  given  re- 
newed interest  —  is  discussed  in  a  very  able  paper.  A 
laudatory  paper  on  "  Froude's  Queen  Elizabeth ; "  a 
very  genial  sketch  of  "  rare  "  "  Thomas  Hood,  his  Life 


and  Writings ;  "  and  an  article  on  "  The  Church  of 
England  and  her  Bishops,"  based  on  the  biographies  of 
Bishops  Wilson,  Stanley  and  Blomfield,  make  up  an 
excellent  number  of  The  Quarterly. 

HOOPER'S  ETRUSCAN  HYACINTH  AND  FLOWER 
VASES. — While  Miss  Malins  and  other  lovers  of  Flowers 
have  been  teaching  us  to  grow  them,  Messrs.  Hooper 
have  very  wisely  been  turning  their  attention  to  an  im- 
provement in  the  form  and  material  of  the  vehicles  for 
growing  and  exhibiting  them.  Their  Etruscan  Hi/acinth 
and  Cut  Flower  Fuse*  are  not  only  in  themselves  objects  of 
great  taste  and  beauty,  but  admirably  calculated  for  the 
purpose  for  which  they  are  intended. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO  PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price, &c.  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentleman  by  whom  they  are  required,  whose  name  and  address 
are  given  for  that  purpose :  — 

MACNTEL'S  (HECTOR)  POEMS.    2  Vols.  12mo.    1812. 

STATUTES  AT  L.ARGS.    Vol.  XIII.  of  Remington's  edition .    4to. 

LEVDBN'S    COMPLAYNT   OF    SCOTLAND    8vo.  or  4to,  181)1   (two  or    three 

copies.) 
PERCY  SOCIETY  PUBLICATIONS.    Nos.  1,  4,  6,  8,  11,  17,  22,  28,  38,  45,62, 

and  66. 
EKOLISH  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY  PUBLICATIONS.    Royal  Svo.    The  two  last 

volumes  of  the  series  in  boards. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Thomas  George  Stevenson,  Bookseller,  22,  Frederick 
Street,  Edinburgh. 


to 

In  consequence  of  the  pressure  of  our  advertising  friends,  and  the  num- 
ber of  articles  in  type  waiting  jor  insertion-,  we  have  this  week  increased 
"  N.  &  Q.' from  24  to  32  pages. 

Pamphlet  received  from  L.  Q. 

SHAKSPEARIANA.  We  have  several  Shakspeare  articles  in  type,  whicli 
we  propose  to  publish  next  week. 

INQIMREH  will,  we  are  sure,  on  consideration,  see  that  his  Queries  are 
not  suited  to  the  columns  of"  N.  &  Q." 

D.  BLAIR  (Melbourne)  will  not  find  any  relation  or  connection  betweeti 

Cagliostro  and  Casanova. The.  prophecies  of  St.  Malachi  were  fabrt- 

cated-in  the  Conclave  of  1590.  1>U  the  partisans  of  Cardinal  fSimuncelli — 
Ladvocat's  Biog.  Diet.,  and  "  N.  &  Q."  3rdS.  i.  174. 

H.  E.  N.'s  query  is  too  indefinite. 

The  Lines  on  the  Death  of  Wolfe,  sent  «.«  from  Bath,  are  well  known, 
and  have  been  frequently  printed. 

Memo  BBNANI,  who  writes  on  the  subject  of  a  transcript  from  the 
British  Museum,  should  state  what  the  JUS.  if,  and  in  what  way  he  wants 
its  accuracy  certified. 

C.  W.    A  Latin  version  of  the  old  English  Nursery  Song— 
"  As  I  was  coins  to  Derby 

All  on  a  market  day,"  &c., 

which  is  to  be  found  in  Halliweil,  or  any  other  good  collection  of  Nursery 
Rhymes. 

C.  T.  For  notices  of  the.  arms  of  the  Isle,  of  Man  on  Etruscan  vases,  see 
our  2nd  S.  vi.  409,  490;  vii.  31,  246. 

H.  FISHWICK.  Several  articles  have  appeared  in  our  \st  and  2nd 
Series  on  the  presentation  of  gloves  to  judges  at  a  maiden  assize.  See  the 
General  Index,  art. "  Glove*." 

CHARLES  JACKSON.  The  term  Gracewife,  which  may  frequently  be 
found  in  the  parochial  registers  of  Durham  and  Yorkshire,  means  a 
Midwife. 

HERMENTRHDE.  The  public  are  admitted  to  the  Bibliothuque  ImpS- 
riale,  Paris,  from  ten  to  three,  except  Sundays  and  fete-days,  wi'lwnt 
any  order  or  impediment. 

S.  Y.  R.  Lieut.- Col.  Daniel  Paterson,  author  of  tfie  Road-Book, 
appears  to  have  died  in  June,  1825.  See  Gent.  Mag.  xcv.  (1),  668. 

ERRATUM— Page  325,  col.i.  line  l,a»<e,  for  "  Harwood "  read "  Har- 
rod." 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
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favour  of  MESSRS.  BELL  AND  DALDY,  186,  FLEET  STREET,  E.G.,  to  whom 
aM  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 

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merly  4s.  8d.),  is  Itestrungest  and  mnst .delicious  imported.  Agents  in 
even'  town  supply  it  in  Packets. 


.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


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[3"»  S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '68. 


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PREACHED   IN   WESTMINSTER: 

BT   THE 

REV.  C.  F.  SECRETAN, 

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The  Profits  will  be  given  to  the  Building  Fund  of  the  West- 
minster and  Pimlico  Church  of  England  Commercial 
School. 

CONTENTS : 


I.  The  Way  to  be  happy. 
H.  The    Woman     taken     in 

Adultery. 

HI.  The  Two  .Records  of  Crea- 
tion. 

IV.  The  Fall  and  the  Repent- 
ance of  Peter. 
V.  The  Good  Daughter. 
VI.  The  Convenient  Season. 
VII.  The  Death  of  the  Martyrs. 
VIII.  God  is  Love. 
IX.  St.    Paul's    Thorn  in  the 

Flesh. 
X.  Evil  Thoughts. 


XI.  Sins  of  the  Tongue. 
XII.  Youth  and  Age. 

XIII.  Chri-t  our  Rest. 

XIV.  The  Slavery  of  Sin. 
XV.  The  Sleep  of  Death. 

XVI.  David's  Sin  our  Warning. 
XVII.  The  Story  of  St.  John. 
XVIII.  The  Worship  of  the  Sera- 
phim. 
XIX.  Joseph  an  Example  to  the 

Young. 

XX.  H.,me  Religion. 
XXI.  The  Latin  Service  of  the 
Romish  Church. 


"  Mr.  Secretan  is  a  pains-taking  writer  of  practical  theology.  Called 
to  minister  to  an  intelligent  middle-class  London  congregation,  he  has 
to  avoid  the  temptation  to  appear  abstrusely  intellectual,— a  great  error 
with  many  London  preachers,— an>l  at  the  same  time  to  rise  above  the 
strictly  plain  sermon  required  by  an  unlettered  flock  in  the  country. 
He  has  hit  the  mean  with  complete  success,  and  produced  a  volume 
which  will  be  readily  bought  by  those  who  are  in  search  of  sermons  for 
family  readinz.  Out  of  twenty-one  discourses  it  is  almost  impossible 
to  give  an  extract  which  would  show  the  quality  of  the  rest,  but  while 
we  commend  them  as  a  whole,  we  desire  to  mention  with  especial  re- 
gpect  one  on  the  '  Two  Records  of  Creation,'  in  which  the  vcxata 
qucestio  of  '  Geology  and  Genesis '  is  stated,  with  great  perspicuity  and 
faithfulness;  another  on  '  Home  Religion,'  in  which  the  duty  of  the 
Christian  to  labour  for  the  salvation  of  his  relatives  and  friends  is 
strongly  enforced,  and  one  OM  the '  Latin  Service  in  the  Romish  Church,' 
which  though  an  argumentative  sermon  on  a  point  of  controversy,  is 
perfectly  free  from  a  controversial  spirit,  and  treats  the  subject  with 
great  fairness  and  ability."— Literary  Churchman. 

"  They  are  earnest,  thoughtful,  and  practical  —  of  moderate  length 
and  well  adapted  for  families."— English  Churchman. 

"  This  volume  bears  evidence  of  no  small  ability  to  recommend  it  to 
our  readers.    It  is  cl 
which  might  be  coi 

thren,  while  the  lai_= . . . 

sermons  th«-re  are  genuine  touches  of  feeling  and  pathos  which  are  im- 
pressive and  affecting; — notably  in  those  on  'the  tYoman  taken  in 
Adultery,'  and  on  '  Youth  and  Age.'  <  >n  the  whol.-,  in  the  lieht  of  a 
contribution  to  sterling  English  literature,  Mr.  Secretan's  sermons  are 
worthy  of  our  commendation."—  Globe. 

"  Mr.  Secretan  is  no  undistinguished  man  :  he  attained  a  considerable 
position  at  Oxford,  and  he  is  well  known  in  Westminster — where  he  has 
worked  for  many  years  — no  less  as  an  indefatigable  and  self-denying 
clergyman  than  as  an  effective  preacher.  These  sermons  are  extremely 
plain  —simple  and  pre-eminently  practical  —  intelligible  to  the  poorest, 
while  there  runs  through  them  a  poetical  spirit  and  many  touches  of 
the  highest  pathos  which  must  attract  intellectual  minds." —  Weekly 
Mail. 

"  Practical  subjects,  treated  in  an  earnest  and  sensible  manner,  give 

Mr.  C.  F.  Secretan's  Sermons  preached  in  Westminster  a  higher  value 

than  such  volumes  in  general  possess.  It  deserves  success."— Guardian. 

London:  BELL  &  DALDY,  186,  Fleet  Sticet,  E.  C. 

TNSANITY.  —  DR.    DIAMOND  (for  nine  years 

_L  Superintendent  to  the  Female  Department  of  the  Surrey  County 
Asylum)  has  arranged  the  above  commodious  residence,  with  its  ex- 
tensive grounds,  for  the  reception  of  Ladies  mentally  afflicted,  who 
will  be  under  his  immediate  Superintendence,  and  reside  with  his 
Family. -For  terms,  &c.  apply  to  DR.  DIAMOND,  Twickenham 
House,  S.W. 

***  Trains  constantly  pass  to  and  from  London,  the  residence  being 
about  five  minutes'  walk  from  the  Station. 

"  T)  ECONNOIT'RER  "  GLASS,  9s.  6d.  I    Weighs 

Jlli  8  01.,  is  achromatic,  and  so  strong,  that  ships,  houses,  trees, 
&c.,  ten  miles  off,  Jupiter's  Moons,  &c.,  are  distinctly  seen  by  it ;  and 
when  used  as  a  landscape  glass  is  valuable  on  a  twenty-five  mile  radius. 
"  I  think  the  Keconnoiterer  very  good."  —  The  Marquis  of  Carmarthen. 
"  I  never  before  met  an  article  that  so  completely  answered  its  maker's 
recommendation."—  i .  H.  Fawkes,  Esq.,  Farnley,  Otley.  "  Regarding 
the  glasses  supplied  by  Messrs.  Salom,  I  am  well  pleased  with  them." — 
From  a  report  by  the  Head  Gamekeeper  of  the  Marquis  of  Breadalbane. 
"  The  economy  of  price  is  not  secured  at  the  cost  of  efficiency.  We 
have  carefully  tried  it  at  an  800-yard  rifle-range  against  all  the  glasses 
possessed  by  the  members  of  the  corps,  and  found  it  fully  equal  to  any, 
although  they  had  cost  more  than  four  times  its  price."— The  Field. 
Post-free,  10.«.  lad.  The  Uythe  Glass,  showing  bullet  marks  at  1200 
yards,  31s.  erf.  These  Glasses  ore  only  to  be  had  direct  from  SALOM 
and  CO.,  98,  Princes-street,  Edinburgh,  who  have  no  agents. 


PHRONICLES  OF  THE  ANCIENT  BRITISH 

\J    CHURCH,  previous  to  the  arrival  of  St.  Augustine,  A.D.  5%.    Se- 
cond E.lition.    Post  8vo.    Price  5s.  cloth. 
"  A  work  of  great  utility  to  general  readers."— Morning  Post. 

The  author  has  collected,  with  much  industry  and  care,  all  the  in- 
formation which  can  throw  light  on  his  subject."— Guardian. 
London  :  WERTHEIM  &  MACINTOSH,  24.  Paternoster  Row.E.C.j 
and  of  all  Booksellers. 

THE  PRETTIEST  GIFT  for  a  LADY  is  one  of 
JONES'S  GOLD  LEVERS,  atll/.  11*.    For  a  GENTLEMAN, 
one  at  IM.  10s.    Rewarded  at  the  International  Exhibition  for  "  Cheap- 
ness of  Production." 

Manufactory,  338,  Strand,  opposite  Somerset  House. 


PRIZE  MEDAL  AWARDED. 
TOTTKlHXXir    AND     GAX.E, 

DESPATCH  BOX,  DRESSING  CASE,  AND  TRAVELLING 
BAG  MAKERS, 

1,  NEW  BOKD  STREET,  W., 
AND  Sis«  LANE,  CITY  (NEAR  MANSIOW  HOUSE). 
(Established  1735.) 


HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 

Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  I8s.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux  24s   and  30s.  per  doz. 

Good  Hock 80s 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  4vs 

Good  Dinner  Sherry IMS 

Port  24s., 30s 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  per  doz. 

Vintage  1834 „    108s.        „ 

Vintage  1840 ,     84s.        „ 

Vintage  1847 „     72».        „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry, 36s., 42s., 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  48s. ,60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mtr,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer.  Steinberg,  Leibfraumileh,  60s.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120s.;  Braunbergcr,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  6«s., 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignoc,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymse  Christi.  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz.; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  145,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


rpHE    NATURAL    WINES    of   FRANCE.  —  J. 

L  CAMPBELL,  Wine  Merchant.  158,  Regent  Street,  recommends 
attention  to  the  following  CLARETS,  selected  by  himself  on  trie 
Garonne:  —  Vin  de  Bordeaux  (which  greatly  improves  by  keeping  in 
bottle  two  or  three  years),  20s.;  St.  Julien.  22s.;  La  Rose,  Sbs.;  St. 
Estephe,  36s.;  St.  Emilion,  42s.;  Haut  Brion,  48s.;  Lafitte.  Latour, 
and  Chateau  Margaux,  60s.  to  84s.  per  dozen.  J.  C.'s  experience  and 
known  reputation  for  French  wines  will  I  e  some  guarantee  for  the 
soundness  of  the  wine  quoted  at  20s.  per  dozen.— Note.  Burgundies  from 
36s.  to  Ms.;  Chablis.  26s.  and  30s.  per  dozen.  E.  Clicquot's  finest  Cham- 
pagne, 66s.  per  dozen.  Remittances  or  town  references  should  be  ad- 
dressed JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 


SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERRJNS' 

VT03tCESTER.SHIK.li       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOR  LEA  AND  PEBEINS'  SAUCE. 

»**  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester 
MESSRS.  CROS8E  and  BLACK  WELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS,  London,  &c.,  &c. ;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 


3'd  S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    ANP  CONDON, 

TT      AND  METROPOLITAN    COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIEF  OFFICES  :  .1.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KINO  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.  E.  Bicknell,  Esq. 

T.Somers  Cocke,Esq.,M.A.,J.P. 

Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,  M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  H.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 
James  Hunt,  Esq. 
John  Leigh.  Esq. 
Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.  B.  Marson,  Es 


F.  B.  Marson,  Esq. 
E.  Vansittart  Neale,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Bonamy  f  rice,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Jas.  i,\a  Seager, Esq. 
Thomas  Matter,  Esq. 
John  B.  White,  Esq. 
Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary.— Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Hates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONOS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  trie  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

M  KDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOB  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14».     . 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 

OSTEO      EXBOW. 

Patent, March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

/GABRIEL'S     SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

\Jf  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD    ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birm  Dgham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials.  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth/'    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

JC.  and  J.  FIELD,  Original  Manufacturers  (in 
•  England)  of  PARAFFINS  CANDLES,  to  whom  the  prize 
medal  Uttt>2)  has  been  awarded,  and  their  Candles  adopted  by  her 
Majesty's  Government  for  use  at  the  Military  Stations  abr .ad.  These 
Candles  can  be  obtained  of  all  Chandlers  and  Grocers  in  the  United 
Kingdom.  Price  Is.  6<J.  per  Ib.  Also  Field's  celebrated  United  Service 
Soap  Tablets,  6d.  and  id.  each.  The  Public  are  cautioned  to  see  that 
Field's  label  is  on  the  packets  or  boxes.  Wholesale  only,  and  for 
Exportation,  Upper  Marsh.  Lambeth,  London,  S. 

PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM, FAiCHUULY.  EVER-SWEET,  ^EW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1,000  others.  2«.  6d.  each — 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 


HOLLOWAY'S  OINTMENT  AND  PILLS.— 
The  variable  temperature  of  Autumn  is  always  pregnant  with 
colas,  catarrhs,  i.umours,  and  abscesses,  ami  all  scrofulous  diseases  and 
glandular  affections  usu  illy  become  worse  at  thu,  season.  Holloway's 
Ointment,  diligently  rubbed  upon  the  skin  as  near  to  the  affected  part 
as  possible,  will  be  found  the  most  safe  and  efficient  means  of  imme- 
diately subduing  pain,  and  finally  eradicating  the  seeds  >,f  future  mis- 
chiet  from  the  system.  Whenever  the  malady  is  chronic,  constitutional, 
or  dangerous,  Holloway's  Pil.s  should  be  lakm  to  quicken  and  inciease 
the  curative  power.  Scurvy ,  sk  in  diseases,  anu  similar  disorders,  disap- 
pear before  the  cleansing  and  healing  influence  of  Holloway's  remedies, 
which,  for  their  successful  employment,  only  require  moderate  time 
and  fair  attention. 


I  HE    LIVERPOOL     AND    LONDON 

FIRE  AND  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  in  1836. 

OFFICES  :  — 1,  Dale  Street,  Liverpool ;  20  and  21,  Poultry, 
London,  E.C. 

PROGRESS  OF  THE  COMPANY  SINCE  1850. 


Year 

Fire  Premiums 

Life  Premiums 

Invested  Funds 

1851 

t 

54,305 

t 
27,157 

J 

502,824 

1866 

222,279 

72,781 

821,061 

1861 

360,130 

135974 

1,311,905 

1862 

436,065 

138,703 

1,417,808 

The  Fire  Duty  paid  by  this  Company  in  England  in  1862  was  71,234?. 
SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 
JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 

Fire  Policies  falling  due  at  Michaelmas  should  be  renewed  by  the  14th 
October. 


NORTH  BRITISH   AND  MERCANTILE 
INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  1809. 
Incorporated  by  Royal  Charter  and  Special  Acts  of  Parliament. 

Accumulated  and  Invested  Funds «J2,I-22,8. 8 

Annual  Revenue <t22,40l 


LONDON  BOARD. 

JOHN  "WHITE  CATER,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  MORRISON,  Esq.,  Deputy-Ckairmcm- 

John  Mollett,  Esq. 
Junius  S.  Morgan,  Esq. 
G.  Garden  IS  icol,  Esq. 


A.  De  Arroyave,  Esq. 
Edward  Cohen,  Esq. 
James  Du  Buisson,  Esq. 
P.  Du  Pre  Greufell.  Esq.. 
A.  Klockmann,  Esq. 


John  H.  Wm.  Schroder,  Esq. 
George  Young,  Esq. 


P.  P.  Ralli,  Esq. 
Robert  Smith,  Esq. 


EX-DIRE 

A.  H.  Campbell,  Esq. 
F.  C.  Cavan,  Esq. 

Frederic  Somes,  Esq. 

Manager  of  Fire  Department—  George  H.  Whyting. 
Superintendent  of  Foreign  Department  —  G.  H.  Burnett. 

Secretary—  F.  W.  Lance. 
General  Manager  —  David  Smith. 

FIRE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  Company  grants  Insurances  against  Fire  in  the  United  King- 
dom, and  all  Foreign  Countries. 

Mercantile  risks  in  the  Port  of  London  accepted  at  reduced  rates. 
Losses  promptly  and  liberally  settled. 

Foreii/n  Jiinks.  —  The  Directors  having  a  practical  knowledge  oi 
Foreign  Countries  are  prepared  to  issue  Policies  on  the  most  favour- 
able terms.  In  all  cases  a  discount  will  be  allowed  to  Merchants  and 
others  effecting  such  insurances. 

LIFE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  following  Statement  exhibits  the  improvement  effected  during 
the  last  lew  years  :  — 


1858 
1859 
I860 
1861 
1862 


No.  of  Policies 
issued. 

455  .... 

..  605  .... 

741  ____ 

785  ____ 
1.0J7 


Sum«. 

4. 

377,425 
449,913 
475,649 
&M,M& 
768,334 


Premiums. 
•£•  <•  <1. 
12,565  18  8 
H,07«  1  6 
H.071  17  7 
16,553  2  9 
«3,6I1  0  0 


Thus  in  five  years  the  number  of  Policies  issued  was  3,623,  assuring 
the  large  sum  of  2,928,9472. 

The  leading  features  of  the  Office  are  :— 

1.  Entire  Security  to  Assurers. 

2.  The  large  Bonus  Additions  already  declared,  and  the  prospect  of  a 
further  Bonus  at  the  next  investigation. 

3   The  advantages  afforded  by  the  varied  Tables  of  Premiums  —  unre- 
stricted conditions  of  Policies-  and  general  liberality  in  dealing  with 

Forms  of  Proposal  and  every  information  will  be  furnished  on  appli- 
cation at  the^  officw  _  ^^  ..........  ^  Threadneedle  Street. 

4,  New  Bank.  buildings. 
EDINBURGH  ......  64,  Princes  Street. 

WEST-END  OFFICE  :  8,  WATERLOO-PLACE,  Pall  Mall. 

CURIOSITIES  AND  MISCELLANEOUS 

\J     LITERATURE.  —  Catalogues  of  the  most  recent  additions  to 
tne  large  collection  of  curious  and  scarce  books,  prints,  photographs, 
stereoscopic  slides,  Stc.,  many  not  elsewhere  procurable,  sent,  by  Post 
ior  Two  Stamps. 
London  :  DELPLANQUE  &  CO.,  Booksellers,  Kentish  Town,  N.W. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"1  S.  IV.  OCT.  31,  '63. 


NEW 


AND    FORTHCOMING 
WORKS. 


The  THRESHOLD  of  REVELATION;  or, 

Some  Inquiry  into  the  Province  and  True  Character  of  the  Fir«t 
Chapter  of  Genesis.  By  the  REV.  W.  S.  LEWIS,  M.A..  Incum- 
bent of  Trinity  Church,  Ripon,  and  formerly  Chaplain  of  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge.  Crown  8vo.  6s.  [Ready. 

PLAIN    THOUGHTS     on    IMPORTANT 

CHURCH  SUBJECTS.  By  the  REV.  R.  C.  COXE.M.A..  Arch- 
deacon of  Lindisfarne.  [In  the.  Press. 

MARGARET    STOTJRTON;    or,  a  Year  of 

Governess  Life.    Elegantly  printed  in  small  8vo.    5». 

[Just  published. 

The    NEW    TESTAMENT    for    ENGLISH 

READERS.  Containing  the  Authorised  Version,  with  Marginal 
Corrections  of  Readings  and  Renderings  ;  Marginal  References  ; 
and  a  Critical  and  Explanatory  Commentary.  By  HENRY  AL- 
FORD,  D.D.,  Dean  of  Canterbury,  In  2  large  Vols.  8vo. 

Vol.  I.,  Part  II.,  is  in  the  Press. 

Vol.  I.,  Part  I.,  containing  the  First  Three  Gospe's,  with  a  Map  of 
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T  ONDON  INSTITUTION,  October  14th,  1863.— 

±J  NOTICE  IS  HEREBY  GIVEN,  That  the  following  COURSES 
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the  London  Institution. 

Thursday,  November  12th,  19th,  26th  ;  December  3rd,  10th.  31st; 
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Monday,  November  16th,  23rd,  30th  ;  December  7th;  1863. 

Third  Course.— Two  Lectures  ON  BRITISH  ART — PAST  AND  PRESENT  — 
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Monday,  December  14th,  21st;  1863. 

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By  Order, 

WILLIAM  TITE,  Hox.  SEC 
3RD  S.  NO.  07. 


THE  QUARTERLY  REVIEW,  No.  CCXXVIII. 
is  published  THIS  DAY. 

CONTENTS  t 

I.  PROGRESS  OF  ENGINEERING  SCIENCE. 
II.  THOMAS  HOOD  AND  HIS  LIFE  AND  WRITINGS. 
HI.  CO-OPERATIVE  SOCIETIES. 
IV.  LYELL'S  ANTIQUITY  OF  MAN. 
V.  JAPAN. 
VI.  ANTI-PAPAL  MOVEMENT  AMONG  THE  ITALIAN 

CLERGY. 

VII.  FROUDE'S  QUEEN  ELIZABETH. 
VIII.  THE  CHURCH  OF  ENGLAND  AND  HER  BISHOPS. 
JOHN  HURRAY,  Albemarle  Street. 

MR.  J.  E.  DOYLE'S  ILLUSTRATED  CHRONICLE  OF 

ENGLAND. 

Just  published,  in  One  Volume,  4to,  with  81  Coloured 
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A  CHRONICLE  of  ENGLAND  from  B.C.  55  to 
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DOYLE.    The  Designs  engraved  and  printed  in  Colours 
by  EDMUND  EVANS. 

London :  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  &  CO.,  Paternoster  Row. 


TEN  YEARS'  EXPERIENCE  IN  SPIRIT  MANIFESTATIONS. 

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medal  (1862)  has  been  awarded,  and  their  Candles  adopted  by  her 
Majesty's  Government  for  use  at  the  Military  Stations  abroad.  These 
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ness of  Production." 

Manufactory,  338,  Strand,  opposite  Somerset  House. 


3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  7,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


365 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  NOVEMBER  7,  1863. 


CONTENTS. —No.  97. 

NOTES  :  —  William  Thynne,  Editor  of  Chaucer,  &c.,  363  — 
Shakspeariana :  Shakspeare,  Webster,  and  R.  Perkins  — 
Shakspeare  and  Ned  Alleyn — Passage  in  "Hamlet"  — 
Shakspeare  Jubilee  —  Emmew —  Backare,  366 —  A  Biblio- 
graphical Anecdote,  368  —  Christian  Names,  369. 

MINOB  NOTES  :  —  Boating  Proverbs  —  Inscription  on  an 
old  House,  in  Lincoln  —  Longevity  —  Longevity  of  Incum- 
bents —  Peter  Cathena  —  Modern  Corruptions  —  Highland 
Love  108  Tears  ago  —  Rev.  Joseph  Wilkinson  —  Index- 
making  —  Lawrence  Sterne,  370. 

QUERIES  :  —  Anonymous  Works  —  Rasphuys  at  Amster- 
dam —  Spinhouse,  or  Workhouse,  Amsterdam  —  Isaac 
Blackboard  —  Deacon  Brodie  —  Cure  for  Rickets  —  Mrs. 
Dorset— "The  Dublin  Magazine"  — Elly  Davy's  Seal— 
Heraldic  —  Locke  and  Spinoza  —  Daniel  Mace  —  The  Com- 
pany of  Merchants  Adventurers  —  Normandy  —  Titus 
Gates  —  "  Pallas  Armata :  The  Gentleman's  Armorie  "  — 
Mrs.  Parsons  —  Pew  Rents  —  Quotation  from  Seneca — 
William  Rose  — Salden  Mansion,  &c.,  371. 

QUEEIES  WITH  ANSWERS: — George  Lord  Jeffreys — Cin- 
thio  —  "  Defence  of  Charles  L"  —  Death  of  Captain  Cook — 
Crabbe's  Poem  of  the  "  Levite  "  —  Kotzebue :  "  The  Stran- 
ger," 374. 

REPLIES  :  —  John  Nicholson  :  "  Maps,"  376  —  Jack  the 
Giant  Killer,  377  — Custom  at  Ripon,  378  — Paint  and 
Patches  — Chief  Baron  Edward  Willes:  Judge  Edward 
Willes— Septuagint  —  Papa  and  Mamma — Eglantine  — 
Derivation  of  Pamphlet  —  Francis  Burleigh  —  Dates  —  Sir 
Roger  Wilbraham— Sheridan's  Greek— Quotation  Wanted: 
St.  Chrysostom  —  Eels— Lord  Kirkcudbright— Cowthorpe 
Oak  — Baptism  of  Bells  — Ring  Posies— Phrases:  Ghost 
Story  — Heath  Beer,  &c.,  378. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


WILLIAM  THYNNE,  EDITOR  OF  CHAUCER, 
HIS  WILL. 

PROVED  IN  THE  COURT  OF  PROBATE  A.D.  1546, 
SEPTEMBER  7. 

"  In  the  name  of  God,  Amen.  I,  Wylliam  Thynne, 
beinge  of  good  memorie,  in  manner  and  form  follow- 
ing do  make  this  my  laste  will  and  testament.  First,  I 
bequeathe  my  soule  to  my  swete  Saviour  through  Christ 
my  only  Redeemer,  and  to  the  whole  holy  companie  of 
heven,  of  whh  in  fayth  I  believe  to  be  one  of  them, 
through  the  merites  of  Christ's  passion,  and  no  other- 
wise; my  body  to  be  berred  where  itt  shall  please  my 
wyfe.  All  my  goods,  moueable  or  immouevable,  leases 
of  houses,  debts,  and  other  thinges,  whh  I  now  haue,  or 
hereafter  may  haue  any  intrest  in,  I  give  to  my  wyfe 
Ann  Thinne.  And  she  to  depart  with  her  children  at  her 
own  will  and  pleasure,  and  no  otherwise.  And  I  do  make 
my  said  wyfe  Ann  Thinn  my  only  executrix,  prayinge 
her  to  bee  a  good  mother  to  my  children  and  hers.  And 
I  make  Mr.  Edmund  Perkyn,  Coferer  of  the  King's 
Household,  and  John  Thinne,  my  nephew,  my  ouerseers ; 
hartily  praying  them  to  be  my  poor  wyfe's  comford  and 
helpe  in  her  nede  and  necessitie  in  defending  her  in  her 
nede.  And  in  this  doing  I  bequeathe  either  of  them  one 
standinge  cnpp  of  siluer  and  gilte,  with  a  couer.  And  I 
give  Thomas  ffisher,  my  seruant,  a  dublett  of  crymson 
sattyn.  In  witness  that  this  is  my  last  will,  I  have 
to  these  p'nts  putt  my  seale,  and  also  subscribed  my 
name,  the  xvij  daye  of  Nouember,  iu  ye  xxxijnd  yere 
of  the  Rayne  of  our  Soveraine  Lorcle  King  Henry  the 
Eight.  By  me,  Wylliam  Thinne." 

All  that    concerns    this    worthy   Englishman, 
about  whom  much  has  been  already  inserted  in 


"  N.  &  Q.,"  is  worth  preserving.  This  will  illus- 
trates many  interesting  circumstances  of  his  life. 
It  is  a  remarkable  document. 

First,  from  its  brevity — a  brevity  rare  in  docu- 
ments of  the  kind. 

Second,  as  revealing  the  great  confidence  and 
esteem  with  which  the  testator  regarded  his  wife, 
Ann,  the  daughter  of  William  Bonde,  Esq.,  of 
London.  By  her,  his  second  wife,  he  had  three 
daughters  and  one  son,  Francis,  an  infant  at  his 
father's  death,  who  afterwards  became  famous  in 
his  way  as  an  antiquary.  He  was  one  of  the 
original  members  of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries, 
and  held  the  office  of  Lancaster  Herald.  The 
will  sufficiently  proves  that  William  Thynne's 
second  marriage  was  a  more  prosperous  one  than 
the  first.  Erasmus,  who  when  in  England  was 
intimate  with  Thynne,  has  left  us  many  interest- 
ing particulars  of  this  family,  and  from  him  we 
learn  that  Thynne  had  married  in  early  life  a 
lady  of  good  family,  and  through  her  rose  rapidly 
at  court ;  yet  the  marriage  was  far  from  being  a 
happy  union,  and  the  lady  died  "  under  very  me- 
lancholy circumstances"  many  years  before  he 
entered  upon  his  second  marriage. 

Third.  The  will  is,  I  think,  further  remarkable 
as  showing  that  the  testator  had  adopted,  with 
much  enthusiasm,  the  doctrines  of  the  Reformed 
religion  in  place  of  the  ancient  faith  in  which  he 
must  have  been  educated.  The  same  religious, 
or,  as  we  may  say,  Protestant,  spirit,  pervades 
Thynne's  epitaph,  which,  beginning  in  the  ancient 
style,  continues  in  a  strain  more  consonant  to 
modern  ideas  of  religion  in  this  country :  — 

"  Pray  for  the  soule  of  M.  William  Thynne,  Esqre.,  one 
of  ye  Masters  of  the  Honble  household  to  King  Henry 
VIII.  our  Soveraign  Lorde.  He  departed  from  the  prison 
of  his  frayle  bodye  ye  x  daye  of  August,  A.D.  1546,  in  the 
38  year  of  our  Soveraign  Lord  the  King,  whose  bodye 
and  every  part  thereof  shall  at  the  laste  day  be  raysed 
up  againe  at  the  sound  of  the  loud  trumpet,  in  whose 
coming  that  we  may  all  joyfully  meet  Him  our  Heauenly 
Father  grant  to  us,  whose  mercies  are  so  great  that  he 
freely  offereth  to  all  them  that  earnestly  repent  their 
sins,  eternal  lyfe  through  the  death  of  his  dearly  beloved 
Son  Jesus,  to  whom  be  everlasting  praises.  Amen." 

This  epitaph  is  inscribed  upon  a  fine  brass  in  the 
chancel  of  Allhallows,  Barking — restored  in  1861 
by  Messrs.  Waller,  at  the  expense  of  the  Marquess 
of  Bath.  William  Thynne  and  his  second  wife  are 
here  depicted  in  two  well  drawn  figures  about  2 
feet  6  inches  in  length.  The  male  figure  is  repre- 
sented in  armour,  the  character  of  which  is  more 
showy  than  useful — proving  that  the  true  feeling 
for  armour  had  now  declined.  The  armour  is 
much  ornamented,  puffed  and  slashed,  like  the  cos- 
tume of  the  day.  The  skirt  is  of  chain  mail,  and 
well  drawn.  There  are  two  swords  —  such  was  the 
fashion.  The  larger  one  hangs  from  the  left  side, 
across  the  figure  behind.  The  head,  uncovered,, 
rests  on  a  cushion.  A  chain  encircles  the  neck 


366 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  7,  '63. 


of  the  effigy — a  badge  worn  by  every  officer  of 
the  court  in  the  sixteenth  century.  The  same 
thing  appears  in  the  brass  to  Robert  Rochester, 
Sergeant  of  the  Pantry,  1514,  in  the  church  of 
St.  Helen,  Bishopsgate. 

The  figure  of  the  lady  is  the  same  length  as 
that  of  her  husband.  She  wears  a  close-fitting 
robe,  and  a  narrow  girdle ;  the  ends  of  which, 
hanging  down,  support  a  square  of  embroidery 
with  "  I.  H.  S."  The  sleeves  are  puffed  and  rib- 
bed, but  close  fitting  and  gathered  at  the  wrists. 
The  dress  opens  at  the  breast,  displaying  the 
partlett  beneath,  type  of  the  modern  habit-shirt. 
The  head-dress  is  a  cap  of  horseshoe  shape,  and 
has  a  lappet  behind — a  species  of  head  gear  which 
became  historical  as  the  Mary  Queen  of  Scots' 
cap. 

That  Thynne  held  Protestant  views  of  reli- 
gious matters  is  confirmed  not  only  by  the  above 
quoted  epitaph  and  will,  but  also  by  what  Francis 
Thynne  declares  of  his  father's  admission  of  "  The 
Plowman's  Tale  "  into  the  second  edition  (1542) 
of  the  Collected  Works  of  Chaucer — a  poem  full 
of  reflections  upon  the  evil  lives  of  the  clergy, 
and  for  his  interest  in  which  he  incurred  the  dis- 
pleasure of  Cardinal  Wolsey  and  the  bishops,  who 
forced  him  to  omit  this  tale  from  his  first  edition.* 

For  a  complete  account  of  Thynne,  see  H.  J. 
Todd's  Illustrations  of  Gower  and  Chaucer ;  An- 
thony Wood's  Athence  Oxonienses ;  Erasmus,  Epis- 
tolcB  XV.,  Ep.  xiv. ;  Blakeway's  Sheriffs  of  Shrop- 
shire ;  B.  Botfield's  Stemmata  Botevilliana. 

JUXTA  TUKBIM. 


SHAKSPEARIANA. 

SHAKSPEARE,  WEBSTER,  AND  R.  PERKINS. 

1.  "  Lafeu.  They  say  miracles  are  past ;  and  we  have 
our  philosophical  persons,  to  make  modern  and  familiar, 
things  supernatural  and  causeless" — All's  Well  that  Ends 
Well,  Act  II.  Sc.  3. 

That  this  reading  is  correct,  and  that  causeless 
has  in  it  a  reflection  of  the  meaning  of  super- 
natural, and  means  "without  cause  in  the  ordi- 
nary course,  or  in  any  of  the  ordinary  laws  of 
nature,"  is  confirmed,  I  think,  by  the  following 
passage ;  where,  after  the  entrance  of  Isabella's 
ghost,  Francisco  di  Medicis  says :  — 

"  Thought,  as  a  subtle  juggler,  makes  us  deem 
Things  supernatural  which  yet  have  cause 
Common  as  sickness." 

Vittoria  Corombona,  Dyce's  new  ed.,  p.  28. 

2.  "  Constance.  0  Louis,  stand  fast,  the  devil  tempts 

thee  here, 
In  likeness  of  a  new  untrimmed  bride." 

King  John,  Act  III.  Sc.  1. 

Nares  and  Dyce  have  exemplified  the  more 
obscure  meaning  of  this  quibbling  phrase.  The 

*  "  The  Plowman's  Tale,"  is  no  longer  regarded  as  the 
work  of  Chaucer. 


more  obvious  one  is  explained  by  another  passage 
from  Vittoria  Corombona  (p.  27),  where  Monti- 
celso  says  :  — 

"  Come,  come,  my  Lord,  untie  your  folded  thoughts, 
And  let  them  dangle  loose  as  bride's  hair." 

It  is  curious  that  Steevens,  in  a  note  on  this 
last  passage,  states  that  brides  (and  among  them 
Anna  Boleyn)  formerly  walked  to  church  with 
their  hair  hanging  loose  behind,  and  yet  missed 
the  meaning  of  "  untrimmed  bride,"  so  far  as  to 
give  a  ludicrous  explanation  of  it. 

Is  the  origin  or  meaning  of  this  custom  known  ? 
Looking  to  the  Scotch  maiden's  snood,  may  it  not 
be  that  the  loosened  hair  was  intended  to  denote 
that  period  between  maidenhood  and  matron  life, 
when  the  bride  could  not  as  yet  wear  the  hair 
matron-fashion ;  but  was  preparing  for  it,  and 
casting  off  the  confining  band  could  walk  without 
it,  and  without  shame,  before  God  and  man  ?  Or 
was  it  simply  a  custom  taken  from  the  six  locks 
of  the  Roman  brides,  and  justified  by  St.  Paul's- 
phrase  (1  Cor.  xi.  15),  that  long  hair  was  the 
glory  of  a  woman  ?  Should  the  first  conjecture 
be  correct,  it  would  follow  that  no  widow,  nor 
any  but  a  virgin,  could  on  her  marriage  day  ap- 
pear thus  untrimmed ;  and  that  this  word  would, 
therefore,  signify  virgin  in  both  its  senses. 

3.  "  Nym.  I  will  incense  Page  to  deal  with  poison ;  I  will 
possess  him  with  yellowness,  for  the  revolt  of  mine  is 
dangerous." — Merry  Wives  of  Windsor,  Act  I.  Sc.  3. 

In  an  after  passage  Nym,  in  explanation  of  his 
treachery,  and  as  a  hint  to  Page,  says :  "  I  love 
not  the  humour  of  bread  and  cheese."  And,  in 
fact,  neither  he  nor  Pistol  are  men  enough  to  seek 
revenge  for  revenge  sake;  but  are  mere  merce- 
nary rogues,  who  only  look  upon  it  as  they  would 
on  gourds  and  fullams,  or  a  short  knife  and  a 
throng,  or  any  such  means  of  beguiling  one  of  a 
tester.  In  accordance  with  this,  Nym  is  made  to 
talk  of  revenge,  but  shown  to  think  more  of  gain- 
ing by  it ;  and,  in  his  fantastic  way,  quibbles  and 
says :  "  I  will  possess  Page  with  yellowness,  for  the 
revolt  of  mine,  of  my  yellows,  the  loss  of  my  gold 
is  dangerous."  Yellow-boys,  in  the  slang  of  our 
day,  is  a  synonym  for  guineas ;  and  I  was  led  to 
the  above  explanation  by  finding,  in  the  Cam- 
bridge Shakspeare,  that  the  corresponding  phrase 
in  the  first  edition  of  the  play  was — "  I'll  pose 
him  with  yellows."  It  seemed  to  me  likely  thatj 
when  Shakspeare  came  to  re-write  this  play,  his 
quick  wit  took  the  conceit  at  sight  of  the  word 
"  yellows  ;"  though  he  altered  the  phraseology,  so- 
as  to  make  it  less  of  a  verbal  and  more  of  a 
mental  pun. 

Since  then,  I  have  come  across  the  word  "  re- 
volt "  in  an  exactly  similar  sense  in  Northward  Ho  / 
(Act  II.  Sc.  2),  where  Greenshield  says :  — 

"  I  could  not  have  told  what  shift  to  have  made,  for 
the  greatest  part  of  my  money  is  revolted." 


3*d  S.  IV.  Nov.  7,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


367 


Hence  it  would  seem,  either  that  the  phrase  was 
(like  Nym's  humours)  one  of  the  known  affecta- 
tions of  the  day,  or  that,  as  in  other  instances, 
Webster  has  industriously  remembered  "  the  right 
happy  industry  of  Master  Shakspeare." 

4.  Having  no  other  place  for  it,  might  I  add  to 
these  stray  jottings  a  suggestion  as  to  the  part 
played  by  Richard  Perkins  in  Vittoria  Corombona  f 
In  the  postscript  of  the  play,  Webster  says  :  — 

"  In  particular,  I  must  remember  the  well-approved 
industry  of  my  friend  Master  Perkins,  and  confess  the 
worth  of  his  action  did  crown  both  the  beginning  and  end." 

Now  he  could  not  have  acted  Brachiano  :  first, 
because  Burbadge  played  that  part ;  and  secondly, 
because  Brachiano  dies  long  before  the  conclu- 
sion of  the  piece.  But,  without  a  doubt,  the  most 
difficult  character  to  sustain  and  express  is  that 
of  Flamineo ;  and  it  is  not  only  an  impersonation 
which  would  require  great  care,  study,  and  talent 
to  present  in  all  its  varied  phases,  and  to  prevent 
its  becoming  other  than  a  monstrum  informe  too 
horrible  to  be  borne,  but  in  conformity  with 
Webster's  words,  it  is  one  which  is  a  conspicuous 
and  principal  one,  from  the  beginning  to  the 
very  end.  Again  S.  Sheppard,  in  his  epigram  on 
"  Mr.  Webster's  most  excellent  Tragedy,"  as 
quoted  by  Mr.  Dyce,  says :  — 

"  Flamineo  such  another 
The  Devil's  darling,  murtherer  of  his  brother, 
His  part  most  strange  (given  him  to  act  by  thee), 
Doth  gain  him  credit  and  not  calumnie." 

So  that  we  have  a  staunch  friend  and  supporter 
of  Webster  giving  to  the  actor  who  took  Flami- 
neo and  to  no  other,  such  praise  as  Webster  him- 
self gives  to  Perkins  and  to  no  other ;  while  he 
tells  us  that  Webster  either  wrote  the  part  for 
him,  or  gave  it  to  him  as  its  fittest  representative. 
Seeing,  therefore,  how.  all  these  allusions  dovetail 
in  one  with  another,  I  think  it  may  be  reasonably 
concluded  that  Perkins  played  Flamineo. 

BENJ.  EASY. 

P.S.  Allow  me  also  to  correct  an  erratum  in 
my  Note  on  versification  ("  N.  &  Q.,"  3rd  S.  iv. 
202,  col.  2).  I,  or  the  printer,  have  accidentally 
put,  "  |  wei'e  kind  |  ness,"  instead  of  "  |  were 
kindness  |  ."  It  is  well  known  that  ess,  as  in 
•duchess,  &c.,  is  often  considered  as  absorbable. 

SHAKESPEARE  AND  NED  ALLEYN. — Your  cor- 
respondent INQUISITOR  (ante,  p.  203),  asks  for 
traces  of  certain  letters  of  Shakespeare,  cautiously 
suggesting  that  the  mention  of  them,  which  he 
quotes  from  a  periodical  of  1802,  may  have  been 
a  hoax.  Permit  me  to  follow  up  the  question. 
The  folly  of  a  hoax  on  such  a  matter  will  be  par- 
doned if  a  hearty  discussion  of  the  proper  way  to 
discover  familiar  remains  of  the  great  poet  can 
be  obtained. 

Shakespeare  had  Sussex  connections ;  the  Buck- 
hurst  Lord,  and  Thomas,  Earl  of  Arundel  —  a 


magnificent  man,  —  must  have  been  among  his 
honored  patrons.  Ned  Alleyn,  the  noble  founder 
of  Dulwich  College,  his  dear  friend,  had  posses- 
sions in  Sussex,  and  corresponded  with  one,  or 
both,  of  these  most  learned  persons. 

The  treasures  at  Knole,  in  Kent,  at  Wittyham, 
at  Arundel  Castle,  at  the  seat  of  the  Shirleys, 
Weston,  at  that  of  the  Ashburnhams,  and  at  a 
dozen  other  places  in  Kent,  Surrey,  and  above  all, 
Sussex,  ought  to  be  carefully  searched  for  Shak- 
speariana.  MR.  PAYNE  COLLIER  once  worked  upon 
Alleyn's  MSS.  at  Dulwich  College.  Is  anything 
more  doing  with  them  ? 

This  is  an  important  topic  every  way.  Alleyn 
belonged  to  the  household  of  Prince  Henry  —  a 
paragon.  Shakespeare  hailed  his  advent.  This 
is  clear  from  passages  in  two  plays.  Ben  Jonson 
joins  us  in  the  chorus  on  that  head. 

It  is  not  too  late  to  discover  writings  from 
these  heroes  of  our  race,  that  will  surpass  in  in- 
terest the  storied  stones  of  Nineveh  and  the  gold 
of  Australia.  SEARCHER. 


PASSAGE  IN  "  HAMLET,"  Act  III.  Sc.  4.  (3rd 
S.  iv.  121.) — With  deference  to  MR.  KEIGHTLEY, 
there  surely  is  meaning  in  the  line  from  Hamlet — 

"  That  monster,  Custom,  which  all  sense  doth  eat" 
and  a  meaning  which  would  be  entirely  inverted 
by  the  proposed  substitution  of  create  for  eat. 
That  Hamlet  means  to  say  of  "  Custom,"  that  it 
eats,  or  destroys,  our  sense,  or  perception,  of  what 
we  are  accustomed  to,  seems  absolutely  proved 
by  the  fact,  that  in  the  very  same  scene  he  has 
already  announced,  in  other  words,  such  a  thought 
with  respect  to  "  Custom"  :  — 

"  Peace,  sit  you  down, 

And  let  me  wring  your  heart;  for  so  I  shall, 

If  it  be  made  of  penetrable  stuff; 

If  damned  Custom  have  not  braz'd  it  so, 

That  it  is  proof  and  bulwark  against  sense." 

ALFRED  ROFFE. 
Somers  Town. 

SHAKSPEARE  JUBILEE  (3rd  S.  iv.  264.)— Foote's 
description  of  the  Stratford  Jubilee  of  1769  may 
be  worth  reprinting  now,  by  way  of  warning  to 
commemoration-promoters :  — 

"  A  Jubilee,  as  it  hath  lately  appeared,  is  a  public  in- 
vitation, circulated  and  urged  by  puffing,  to  go  post  with- 
out horses,  to  an  obscure  borough  without  representatives, 
governed  by  a  mayor  and  aldermen  who  are  no  magis- 
trates, to  celebrate  a  great  poet  whose  own  works  have 
made  him  immortal,  by  an  ode  without  poetry,  music 
without  melody,  dinners  without  victuals,  and  lodgings 
without  beds;  "a  masquerade  where  half  the  people  ap- 
peared barefaced,  a  horse-race  up  to  the  knees  in  water, 
fireworks  extinguished  as  soon  as  they  were  lighted,  and 
a  gingerbread  amphitheatre  which,  like  a  house  of  cards, 
tumbled  to  pieces  as  soon  as  it  was  finished." 

The  following  pamphlets  appeared  at  the 
time :  — 


368 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  Nov.  7,  '63. 


"An  Ode  upon  dedicating  a  Building  and  erecting  a 
Statue  to.  Shakspeare  at  Stratford-upon-Avon,  by  David 
Garrick." 

"  Shakspeare's  Garland ;  being  a  Collection  of  new 
Songs,  Ballads,  Roundelays,  Catches,  Glees,  and  Comic 
Serenatas,  performed  at  the  Jubilee  at  Stratford-upon- 
Avon:  the  Music  by  Dr.  Arne,  Mr.  Bartheleinon,  Mr. 
Ailwood,  and  Mr.  Dibdin." 

Garrick'e  ode  is  reprinted  at  length  in  the 
Annual  Register  for  1769. 

JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORKARD,  M.A. 

An  amusing  and  interesting  account  of  this  will 
be  found  in  the  History  and  Antiquities  of  Strat- 
ford-upon-Avon by  R.  B.  Wheeler  (Stratford-on- 
Avon,  no  date,  ?1806),  which  contains  "  A  par- 
ticular Account  of  the  Jubilee  celebrated  at 
Stratford  in  honour  of  our  immortal  Bard."  At 
the  end  of  which  is  appended  "  Shakspeare's  Gar- 
land, being  a  Collection  of  Songs,  Ballads,  Roun- 
delays, Catches,  Glees,  Comic  Serenatas,  &c.,  per- 
formed at  the  Jubilee." 

In  Bobn's  Lowndes,  p.  231 7,  is  a  list  of"  Shake- 
speare Jubilee  Publications."  T.  B.  H. 


EMMEW  (3rd   S.   iv.   263.)  —  I  fear  that   very 
many  will  disagree  with  MR.  KEIGHTLEY  as  to  the 
certainty  of  his  change  of  emmew  to  eneiv  in  — 
"  Nips  youth  i'  the  head,  and  follies  doth  emmeic, 
As  falcon  doth  the  fowl." 

Measure  for  Measure  (Claudio),  III.  1. 

Whoever  has  observed  how  game  will  not  rise, 
but  lie  close,  or  huddle  together  for  shelter,  or 
how  small  birds  seek  covert  and  cease  their  twit- 
terings when  a  hawk  is  circling  above  them,  will 
at  once  understand  the  force  of  emmew  in  this  pas- 
sage ;  and  how  Angelo's  sharp  swoops  on  "  follies," 
Pompeys  and  Pompeys'  mistresses,  ended  either 
in  his  emmewing  them  in  prison,  or  in  their  emmew- 
ing  themselves,  not  merely  in  the  suburbs,  their 
generally  tolerated  covert,  but  in  its  baths.  The 
quotation  from  Nash,  to  my  mind,  shows  clearly 
that  enew  was  not  Shakspeare's  word,  nor  could  give 
his  meaning,  for  Angelo's  swoops  were  too  sud- 
den and  certain ;  there  was  no  playing  with 
his  prey.  In  all  probability  also  the  em  of  emmew 
is  not  so  much  the  causal  prepositive  en —  as  the 
euphonic  variant  of  in-mew,  to  mew  up  closely, 
like  "  insheltered  and  embayed  "  (Othello'),  or  — 

" that  sweet  breath, 

Which  was  embounded  in  this  beauteous  clay." 

King  John. 

BEXJ.  EAST. 

BACKARE  (3rd  S.  iv.  203.) — I  cannot  at  all  agree 
with  MR.  THOS.  KFIGHTLEY  in  his  suggestion  that 
this  word  is  a  corruption  of  the  French  bigarre, 
"  brindle,"  and  has  primarily  nothing  to  do  with  the 
Anglo-Saxon  back.  Is  it  not  probable  that  the  ad- 
dress of  Mortimer  to  his  sow,  as  occurring  in  the 


Roister  Doister,  has  reference  to  the  proverbial  ob- 
stinacy and  stupidity  of  pigs  when  it  is  attempted  to 
drive  them  singly  ?  The  quotations  from  lley- 
wood's  Epigrams  and  the  Taming  of  the  Shrew  un- 
questionably point  to  the  word  back  as  the  essential 
part  of  the  etymology  of  backare.  In  a  very  inter- 
esting note  by  Mr.  T.  Rodd  (Pictorial  Shakspeare, 
Illustrations  to  King  Lear,  III.  4),  backare  is  con- 
sidered as  a  term  of  somewhat  cognate  meaning 
with  aroint,  whose  etymology  is  supposed  to  be 
from  ar  or  aer,  a  very  ancient  word  common  to  the 
Greek(?)  and  Gothic  languages,  in  the  sense  of 
"  to  go,"  and  hynt,  i.  e.  "  hind"  or  "  behind."  The 
two  words,  it  is  said,  occur  in  the  German  Version 
of  Luther(?)  (Luke  iv.  8).  Hynt  ar  me  ihu 
Sathanas.  Are  not  these  words  Gothic  ?  The  term 
aroint  then  =" go  behind,"  and  backare  =  "go 
back."  (See  further  remarks  in  Mr.  Rodd's  note.} 

W.  H. 


A  BIBLIOGRAPHICAL  ANECDOTE. 

The  visitor  to  the  British  Museum  who  pauses 
at  Show-case  VIII.,  in  the  King's  Library,  where 
specimens  of  the  early  English  press  are  dis- 
played, may  notice  quite  at  the  end  an  open 
volume,  bearing  the  following  label :  — 

"  The  book  of  St.  Alban's.  The  bokys  of  Haukyng 
and  Huntyng,  and  also  of  Coot  armuris.  Written  by  Dame- 
Juliana  Barnes,  or  Berners,  Prioress  of  Sopwell  Nunnery. 
Printed  at  St.  Alban's  in  148G.  Bequeathed  by  the  Bt. 
Hon.  Thomas  Grenville." 

The  following  adventures  which  befel  this  very 
volume  before  it  found  its  present  secure  resting- 
place,  are,  I  think,  worthy  of  a  place  in  the  first 
rank  of  bibliographical  romance. 

The  story  has  never,  so  far  as  I  know,  been 
published ;  and  originally  formed  part  of  a  letter 
written  on  bibliographical  matters  by  the  Rector 
of  Pilham,  in  1847,  to  the  Rev.  S.  R.  Maitland.. 
By  the  kind  permission  of  the  latter  gentleman, 
I  have  been  allowed  to  copy  it :  — 

"  In  June,  1844,  a  pedlar  called  at  a  cottage  at  Blyton, 
and  asked  an  old  widow  named  Naylor  whether  she  had 
any  rags  to  sell.  She  said,  'No ! '  but  offered  him  some 
old  paper ;  and  took  from  a  shelf  The  Book  of  St.  Alban's 
and  others,  weighing  9  Ibs.,  for  which  she  received  nine 
pence.  The  pedlar  carried  them  through  GainsboroV 
tied  up  in  a  string,  past  a  chemist's  shop,  who,  being 
used  to  buy  old  paper  to  wrap  drugs  in,  called  the 
man  in ;  and,  struck  by  the  appearance  of  The  Boke,  gave- 
him  three  shillings  for  the  lot.  Not  being  able  to  read  the 
colophon,  he  took  it  to  an  equally  ignorant  stationer  and 
offered  it  to  him  for  a  guinea ;"  at  which  price  he  de- 
clined it,  but  proposed  that  it  should  be  exposed  in  his 
window  as  a  means  of  eliciting  some  information  about  it. 
It  was  accordingly  placed  there,  with  the  label  —  "  Very 
old  curious  work."  A  collector  of  books  went  in,  and 
offered  2s.  6d.  for  it.  This  excited  the  suspicion  of  the 
vendor.  Soon  after  Mr.  Bird,  the  Vicar  of  Gainsboro', 
went  in  and  asked  the  price,  wishing  to  have  a  very  early 
specimen  at  a  reasonable  price;  not  knowing,  however,- 


3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  7,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


369 


the  great  value  of  the  book.  While  he  was  examining 
the  book,  Stark,  a  very  intelligent  bookseller,  came  in,  to 
whom  Mr.  Bird  at  once  ceded  the  right  of  pre-emption. 
Stark  betrayed  such  visible  anxiety  that  the  vendor, 

Smith,  declined  settling  a  price.    Soon  after,  Sir  C. 

came  in,  and  took  the  book  to  collate ;  and  brought  it 
back  in  the  morning,  having  found  it  imperfect  in  the 
middle,  and  offered  51.  for  it.  Sir  Charles  had  no  book  of 
reference  to  guide  him  to  its  value ;  but  in  the  mean 
time,  Stark  had  employed  a  friend  to  obtain  for  him  the 
refusal  of  it,  and  had  undertaken  to  give  a  little  more 
than  Sir  Charles  might  offer.  On  finding  that  at  least 
5Z.  could  be  got  for  it,  Smith  went  to  the  owner  and  gave 
him  two  guineas,  and  then  proceeded  to  Stark's  agent 
and  sold  it  for  71.  7s.  Stark  took  it  to  London,  and  sold 
it  to  the  Rt.  Hon.  T.  Grenville  for  70  or  80  guineas. 

"  It  must  now  be  stated  how  it  came  to  pass,  that  a 
book  without  covers  of  such  extreme  age  was  preserved. 
.About  fifty  years  since,  the  Library  of  Thonock  Hall,  in 
the  parish  of  Gainsboro'.  the  seat  of  the  Hickman  family, 
underwent  great  repairs ;  and  the  books  were  sorted  over 
by  a  most  ignorant  person,  whose  selection  seems  to  have 
been  determined  by  the  coat.  All  books  without  covers 
were  thrown  into  a  great  heap,  and  condemned  to  all  the 
purposes  which  Leland  laments  in  the  sack  of  the  Con- 
ventual Libraries  by  the  visitors.  But  they  found  favour 
in  the  eyes  of  a  literate  gardener,  who  begged  leave  to 
take  what  he  liked  home.  He  selected  a  large  quantity 
of  Sermons  before  the  House  of  Commons,  local  pam- 
phlets, tracts  from  1680  to  1710,  opera  books,  &c.,  &c. 
He  made  a  list  of  them,  which  was  afterwards  found  in 
his  cottage ;  and  No.  43,  was  '  Cotarmouris.'  The  old 
fellow  was  something  of  a  herald,  and  drew  in  his  books 
what  he  held  to  be  his  coat.  After  his  death,  all  that 
could  be  stuffed  into  a  large  chest  were  put  away  in  a 
gatret ;  but  a  few  favourites,  and  The  Sake  among  them, 
remained  on  the  shelves  of  the  kitchen  for  years,  till  his 
son's  widow  grew  so  stalled  of  dusting  them  that  she 
determined  to  sell  them." 

Here  ends  the  material  part  of  the  story.  The 
volume  was  afterwards  splendidly  bound,  and  is 
now  the  only  copy  in  the  British  Museum. 

WILLIAM  BLADES. 

11,  Abchurch  Lane. 


CHRISTIAN  NAMES. 

In  its  critique  on  The  History  of  Christian 
Names,  by  Miss  Yonue,  The  Times  (Oct.  22)  men- 
tions some  of  its  omissions,  and  further  says,  — 

"Many  an  unhappy  child,  when  school-life  has  been 
made  a  torment  to  him  through  the  name  which  he  has 
received  at  baptism,  would  rejoice  if  the  practice  prevailed 
in  the  English  Church,  which  is  common  among  Ro- 
manists, of  assuming  a  new  name  at  confirmation.  It 
seems  doubtful  whether  this  has  ever  been  done  among 
us ;  but  the  industrious  correspondents  of  Notes  and 
Queries  might,  perhaps,,  be  able  to  discover  one  or  two 
examples  of  it.  The  surname,  we  all  know,  can  be  alterec 
with  ease,  even  when  an  obstinate  Lord-Lieutenant  wouk 
stop  the  way ;  but  Christian  names  appear  to  be  by  law 
unchangeable." 

With  regard  to  its  omissions,  the  reviewer  says 
"  We  once  knew  a  Shadruch  in  the  West  of  Eng- 
land." I  also  knew  one  in  Worcestershire,  where 
he  now  lives  as  a  country  gentleman,  whose  name 
when  we  were  at  school  together,  was  commonly 


abbreviated  to  "  Shade."  Then  Miss  Yonge  says 
'according  to  The  Times  reviewer,  for  I  have  not 
ret  seen  her  book)  that  "  the  only  known  river 
names  are  Tiberius  and  Jordan,"  and  Derwent 
and  Rotha.  But*  besides  the  Thames  Darrell  of 
Ainsworth's  fiction,  I  might  mention  Mr.  Severn 
Walker  of  Worcester,  the  able  and  active  honorary 
secretary  to  the  Worcester  Diocesan  Architectural 
Society.  Then  there  was  Sabrina  Sidney  (the 
Shrewsbury  orphan,  named  after  the  Severn),  who 
was  selected  and  educated  to  be  the  model  wife 
of  the  eccentric  Thomas  Day,  the  author  of  Sand- 
ford  and  Merton.  Has  Miss  Yonge  given  any  Chris- 
tian names  taken  from  towns  and  villages  wherein 
the  children  were  born,  or  where  were  the  family 
estates  ?  I  know  of  more  than  one  such  instance. 
Or,  of  Christian  names  from  seasons  of  the  year  ? 
as  Spring  Rice,  and  Winter  Jones.  And,  although 
I  suppose  that  the  Christian  name  of  "  Christmas" 
is  not  very  common,  yet  it  so  happens  that  in  this 
little  village  from  whence  I  write  this  note,  two  out 
of  its  twelve  houses  are  ruled  over  by  a  Christmas, 
the  two  men  living  two  doors  apart,  having  come 
here  from  opposite  ends  of  the  county,  and  not 
being  of  kin.  One  of  the  men  is  my  gardener, 
and  procures  his  cabbage  plants,  &c.  from  Christ- 
mas Q ,  a  famous  market  gardener,  who  lives 

four  miles  off.  Then  there  are  Christian  names  as 
imaginative  as  that  given  by  Sydney  Smith  to  his 
daughter : — 

"  Being  now  in  possession  of  a  daughter,  it  became  ne- 
cessary to  give  her  a  name :  and  nobody  would  believe  the 
meditations,  the  consultations,  and  the  comical  discussions 
he  held  on  this  important  point.  At  last  he  determined 
to  invent  one ;  and  Saba  was  the  result." — Sydney  Smith's 
Memoirs,  vol.  i.  p.  22. 

I  have  quoted  this  as  a  heading  to  my  tale  of 
"  Mareli,"  in  The  Curate  of  Cranston,  where 
Mareli  is  supposed  to  be  a  girl  so  named  after  her 
two  godmothers,  Mary  and  Elizabeth,  neither  of 
whom  would  permit  her  name  to  come  second ;  in 
which  conjuncture  the  father  hit  upon  the  idea  of 
coining  the  one  name  of  Mareli  out  of  the  two 
sponsorial  names.  Although  the  incidents  of  the 
sketch  are  purely  fictitious,  yet  it  was  a  fact  (as  I 
was  assured  on  good  authority)  that  a  girl  was 
named  Mareli  for  the  above  reasons ;  and  it  was 
upon  this  hint  that  I  framed  the  sketch.  I  also 
headed  that  sketch  with  a  second  quotation,  from 
an  article  on  "  Curiosities  of  Registration "  in 
Chambers' s  Journal;  I  neglected  to  note  the  date, 
but  it  was  prior  to  1862  :  — 

"No  names  are  too  absurd  for  parents  to  give  their 
children.  Here  are  innocents  stamped  for  life  as  '  Kid- 
num  Toats,'  '  Lavender  Marjoram,'  '  Patient  Pipe,'  'Ta- 
litha  Cumi,'  '  Fussy  Gotobed,'  and,  strangest  of  all,  here 
is  one  called  '  Eli  Lama  Sabacthani  Pressnail.' " 

The  Times'  reviewer  says,  "  Tabitha  Cumi  Peo- 
ple "  was  registered  a  few  years  since. 

CUTHBERT  BEDE. 


370 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  7,  '63. 


Elinor  JJoteS. 

BOATING  PRO  VERBS. — The  expression  —  "We 
are  in  the  same  boat"  —  appears  to  be  as  old  as 
the  time  of  Clemens.  In  his  Epistle  to  the  Church 
of  Corinth,  he  writes  :  — 

"  'Ev  yap  Tif  avrif  tffjjikv  ffK<i/j./j.a.Ti, 
Kol  6  avrbs  ii/uv  arybv  eTTiKeirat." 

While  on  the  subject  of  boating  proverbs,  I 
may  mention  a  curious,  and  purely  local  one, 
which  1  heard  on  the  banks  of  the  Loire.  Some 
one  was  approaching  in  a  showy  and  stately  man- 
ner :  "  Voila !  il  vient  en  quatre  bateaux ! "  The 
explanation  of  this  was,  that  a  full  and  wealthier 
line  of  boats  on  the  river  was  usually  composed 
of  four,  united  in  one  convoy. 

FBANCIS  TRENCH. 
Islip. 

INSCRIPTION  ON  AN  OLD  HOUSE  IN  LINCOLN. — 

May  the  God  that  gives  us  life  and  breath, 
Preserve  our  Queen  Elizabeth. 

The  above  is  at  present  hidden  by  recent  im- 
provements. It  is  written  from  memory,  and 
therefore  the  spelling  is  modern. 

A  LORD  OF  A  MANOR. 

LONGEVITY.  —  The  following  is  extracted  from 
the  Parish  Register  of  Llanmaes,  Glamorgan.  The 
entry  is  evidently  original,  and  of  the  date  given, 
and  the  writing  is  clear:  — 

"  Ivan  Yorath,  buried  a  Saturdaye  the  xiiii  day  of 
July,  Anno  doni  1621,  et  anno  regni  regis  vicesimo  primo 
annoque  ajtatis  circa  180.  He  was  a  sowdier  in  the  fighte 
of  Bosworthe,  and  lived  at  Lantwitt  Major,  and  hee  lived 
much  by  fishing." 

Also — 

"  Thomas  Watkin,  sepultus  fuit  decimo  octavo  die 
Martii,  Anno  Dom :  1628.  JEtat.  circa  100." 

c. 

LONGEVITY  OF  INCUMBENTS. — Passing  through 
the  churchyard  of  Great  Oxendon,  Northampton- 
shire, a  few  days  ago,  I  made  a  note  of  an  inscrip- 
tion on  a  tomb  erected  to  the  memory  of  the  Rev. 
George  Burton,  M.A.,  who  was  born  August  10, 
1761,  died  August  16,  1843,  and  was  fifty-seven 
years  rector  of  that  parish.  T.  NORTH. 

Leicester. 

PETER  CATHENA. — This  author's  name  is  but 
very  little  known,  and  his  works  are  all  very 
scarce.  He  was  one  of  those  mathematicians  who 
wrote  on  logic  and  almanacs.  Born  at  Venice 
about  1501.  He  was  Professor  at  the  University 
of  Padua.  He  wrote  De  Sphcera  lib.  iv. ;  De  Cal- 
culo  Astronomico ;  De  primo  Mobili;  Ephemerides 
annorum  XII.;  Oratio  pro  Methodi,  4to,  Pat. 
1563;  and  an  Explanation  of  the  mathematical 
parts  of  Aristotle's  Logic,  4to,  Venice,  1556. 

WM.  DAVIS. 


MODERN  CORRUPTIONS. — Allow  me  to  protest 
against  a  slipslop  custom  which  is  becoming  very 
general,  viz.  that  of  giving  to  certain  nouns  in 
the  singular  number  a  plural  signification — e.  g. 
fowl,  chicken,  shell  (as  applied  to  missiles),  fish 
generally  (people  even  say,  "  a  shoal  of  herring"), 
with  many  other  examples  of  a  similar  kind,  which 
do  not  at  the  present  moment  occur  to  me.  The 
proper  names  of  Etheldred  and  Etheldreda  are 
also  almost  universally  corrupted  into  Ethelred 
and  Ethelreda.  JOHN  PAVIN  PHILLIPS. 

Haverfordwest. 

HIGHLAND  LOVE  108  YEARS  AGO. — The  follow- 
ing brief  record  of  the  conduct  of  "  a  fickle  fair 
one,"  and  the  cool  manner  in  which  it  was  treated 
by  "  the  swain,"  may  interest  some  of  the  readers 
of  "  N.  &  Q."— . 

"  1755,  Aug.  24.  [The  church-session].  Received  ad- 
vice that  the  purpose  of  marriage  betwixt  Peter  "Wright, 
in  Milltown  of  Auchollie,  and  Helen  Gray,  in  lialno,  is 
flowen  up  upon  the  bride's  side,  consequently  she  has  for- 
feited her  pledge,  which  is  a  crown ;  and  that  the  said 
Peter  Wright  is  again  contracted  in  order  to  marriage  wt!l 
Barbara  Smith,  in  Upper  Achollie,  yesternight." 

In  this  case  "  a  crown "  (the  forfeited  security) 
means  5*.  Scots  money,  or  5d.  sterling ;  and  the 
singular  graphic  expression  of  "flowen  up  "  appears 
to  be  of  the  same  import  as  that  of  the  saying  of 
"  the  swine's  run  throw't,"  now  in  common  use 
among  the  lower  classes  in  Scotland  in  like  cir- 
cumstances ;  and  of  those  of  "  it's  all  up,"  or,  "  the 
match  is  broken  off,"  among  the  better  educated. 
The  extract  is  from  the  old  Session  Records  of  the 
united  parishes  of  Glenmuick,  Tullich,  and  Glen- 
gairn,  Aberdeenshire,  in  which  is  situated  the 
Prince  of  Wales's  "  Highland  home  "  of  Birkhall. 

A.  J. 

REV.  JOSEPH  WILKINSON. — This  gentleman  may 
be  mentioned  as  an  instance  of  neglected  bio- 
graphy. He  was  of  Queen's  College,  Oxford ; 
B.A.  Nov.  21,  1786.  On  August  5,  1803,  he  was 
presented  to  the  consolidated  rectories  of  East 
and  West  Wrotham,  in  the  county  of  Norfolk,  on 
the  presentation  of  the  Right  Hon.  Thomas  Wal- 
lace;  and,  on  May  23,  1817,  became  perpetual 
curate  and  sequestrator  of  Breckles,  in  the  same 
county.  He  was  also  chaplain  to  the  Duke  of 
Gordon.  He  died  Oct.  10,  1831,  in  the  sixty- 
seventh  year  of  his  age ;  and  was  buried  at  Thet- 
ford  St.  Mary,  in  Suffolk,  where  is  a  monument 
commemorating  him  and  Mary  his  wife,  who  died 
Nov.  20,  1817,  aged  sixty.  His  works  are  :  — 

1.  "  Select  Views  in  Cumberland,  Westmoreland,  and 
Lancashire."    London,  folio,  1812. 

2.  "  Picturesque  Tour  through  Cumberland,  Westmore- 
land, and  Lancashire."    Folio,  1812. 

3.  "  The  Architectural  Remains  of  the  Ancient  Town 
and  Borough  of  Thetford,  in  the  Counties  of  Norfolk  and 
Suffolk;  tending  to  illustrate  Martin's  and  Blomefield's 
Histories  of  Thetford:    twenty-five   Plates,  etched  by 
H.  Davy,  from  Drawings  by  the  Rev.  Joseph  Wilkinson." 
London,  folio  and  4to,  1822. 


3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  7,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


371 


His  epitaph  designates  him  M.A.,  but  we  can- 
not find  where  or  when  lie  took  that  degree. 
His  death  is  noticed  in  the  Gentleman  s  Magazine 
(ci.  (2)  472,  653)  ;  but  there  are  mistakes  as  to 
the  day  on  which  it  occurred,  and  as  to  the  patron 
by  whom  he  was  presented  to  East  and  West 
Wrotham ;  and  he  is  confounded  with  Joshua 
Wilkinson,  B.D.,  Fellow  of  Corpus  Christi  Col- 
lege, Cambridge,  who  died  June  7,  1814. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

INDEX-MAKING  (2nd  S.  vi.  496.)  —  You  printed 
a  note  of  mine  on  the  proportions  of  the  different 
letters  of  the  alphabet  at  the  beginnings  of  proper 
names,  and  showed  that  if  a  large  number  of  names 
of  persons  in  different  positions  in  society  were  taken, 
the  same  proportions  would  subsist.  I  inquired 
whether  foreign  languages  would  give  a  similar 
result.  On  making  the  calculation  with  a  large 
number  of  French  names,  I  find  a  remarkable  simi- 
larity. The  letter  B  is  the  strongest  in  both;  the 
C's  are  equal,  while  L  and  S,  D  and  H  change 
places.  I  give  the  numbers  below  with  the  Eng- 
lish for  comparison.  It  will  be  seen  that  the  only 
remarkable  exception  is  V  in  French,  which  takes 
the  place  of  F  in  English,  two  letters  that  easily 
interchange :  — 


Could  it  not  be  secured  for  the  National  Portrait 
Gallery?  I  hope  Mr.  Fitzgerald  is  a  reader  of 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  and  that  this  note  will  be  taken  note 
of  by  him.  A.  B.  G. 

Kinross. 


LAWRENCE  STERNE.  —  Giving  an  account  of 
our  English  Boston  (Lincolnshire),  Mr.  Haw- 
thorne, in  his  Our  Old  Home,  notices  a  portrait 
of  the  author  of  The  Sentimental  Journey ',  which  I 
hope  will  be  looked  after  for  the  new  "  Life  "  an- 
nounced. I  copy  the  passage  in  extenso  :  — 

"On  the  wall  [of  a  Mr.  Porter's  shop  in  Boston]  hung 
a  crayon- portrait  of  Sterne,  never  engraved,  representing 
him  as  a  rather  young  man,  blooming  and  not  uncomely  : 
it  was  the  worldly  face  of  a  man  fond  of  pleasure,  but 
without  that  ugly,  keen,  sarcastic,  odd  expression  that 
we  see  in  his  only  engraved  portrait.  The  picture  is  an 
original,  and  must  needs'  be  very  valuable;  and  we  wish 
it  might  be  prefixed  to  some  new  and  worthier  biography 
of  a  writer  whose  character  the  world  has  always  treated 
with  singular  harshness,  considering  how  much  it  owes 
him.  There  was  likewise  a  crayon-portrait  of  Sterne's 
wife,  looking  so  haughty  and  unamiable  that  the  wonder 
is,  not  that  he  ultimately  left  her,  but  how  he  ever  con- 
trived to  live  a  week  with  such  an  awful  woman." — (Vol. 
i.  pp.  260-1.) 

We  won't  give  up  the  other  portrait  certainly : 
but  it  is  desirable  that  this  were  made  accessible. 


English 

Trench 

En 

glish          French 

A 

3-1 

29 

N 

2-0            1-2 

B 

10-9 

11-5 

0 

1-0            0-6 

C 

8-5 

9-2 

P 

5-9          6*7 

D 

4-3 

10-7 

Q 

0-2          0-3 

E 

2-4 

0-9 

R 

4-6          5-3 

F 

3-6 

3-9 

S 

9-7          4-3 

G 

5-1 

7-4 

T 

4-0          3-3 

H 

8-6 

3-5 

UV 

1-0          3-2 

I  J 

3-2 

2-4 

W 

7-9          0-8 

K 

2-0 

6-4 

X 

o-o       o-o 

L 

4-7 

10-8 

Y 

0-5          0-1 

M 

6-7 

8-8 

Z 

01          0-0 

Oscott. 

WM.  DAVIS. 

ANONYMOUS  WORKS.  —  Who  were  the  respec- 
tive authors  of  the  following  anonymous  publica- 
tions ?  — 

1.  The  Scientific  Tourist  through  Ireland.      London,. 
1818. 

2.  A  Visit  to  Dublin.    Edinburgh,  1824. 

3.  Letters  from  the  Irish  Highlands  of  Cunnemarra.. 
London,  1825. 

4.  Sheridaniana ;  or,  Anecdotes  of  the  Life  of  Richard 
Brinsley  Sheridan.    London,  1826. 

5.  Outlines  of  Irish  History.    London,  1829. 

6.  Oxmantown  and  its  Environs.    Dublin,  1845. 

7.  Past  and  Present  Policy  of  England  towards  Ire- 
land.    London,  1845. 

8.  Sketches  of  Ireland  Sixty  Years  Ago.   Dublin,  1847. 

9.  Letters  from  the  Kingdom  of  Kerrv  in  the  Year 
1845.     Dublin,  1847. 

10.  Glendalough,    or    the  Seven  Churches.     Dublin, 
1848. 

11.  Personal  Recollections  of  the  Life  and  Times  of 
Valentine  Lord  Cloncurry.    Dublin,  1849. 

12.  \Villiam  and  James;  or,  the  Revolution  of  1688. 
Dublin,  1857. 

ABHBA. 

RASPHUYS  AT  AMSTERDAM.  —  In  the  "  Strange 
Adventures  of  Captain  Dangerous  "  recently  pub- 
lished in  Temple  Bar,  by  Mr.  G.  A.  Sala,  the 
captain  is  made  to  say  of  the  "  Rasphuys  "  (House 
of  Correction)  of  Amsterdam ;  time  about  1750 :  — 

"In  another  part  of  the  building,  which  only  the  ma- 
gistrates are  permitted  to  visit,  are  usually  detained  ten 
or  dozen  young  ladies — some  of  verj'  high  families — sent 
here  by  their  parents  or  friends  for  undutiful  deportment 
or  some  other  domestic  offence.  They  are  compelled  to 
wear  a  particular  dress  as  a  mark  of  degradation ;  are 
kept  apart,  forced  to  work  a  certain  number  of  hours  a 
day,  and  are  occasionally  whipped." 

Is  there  any  authority  for  the  statement  that 
the  State  provided,  and  that  the  guardians  availed 
themselves  of,  such  means  of  correction  for  purely 
domestic  faults  ?  A  DUTCHMAN. 

SPINHOUSE,  OR  WORKHOUSE,  AMSTERDAM.  —  A 
part  of  the  workhouse  at  Amsterdam  was,  and 
perhaps  still  is,  set  apart  for  the  correction  of  the 
faults  and  errors  of  ladies  of  the  better  classes ; 
who,  at  the  instance  of  their  friends  or  relations, 
may  there  be  subjected  to  a  course  of  reformatory 
discipline.  In  one  of  the  rooms  of  this  establish- 
ment is  a  picture  by  some  eminent  Dutch  painter 
of  a  lady,  who  felt  that  she  had  derived  so  much 
advantage  from  her  residence  there,  that  she  her- 
self presented  her  portrait  as  an  acknowledg- 
ment. Who  was  the  lady  ?  And  can  any  of 
your  correspondents  give  any  other  particulars  of 
this  singular  institution  ?  C.  M. 


372 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  IV.  Xov.  7,  '63. 


ISAAC  BLACKBEARD,  a  barber,  who  resided  in  or 
near  the  eld  market  place,  Whitby,  was  author  of 
Man's  Own  Book  of  Three  Leaves,  Whitby,  8vo, 
1783.  Any  information  respecting  him  will  be 
acceptable.  S.  T.  R. 

DEACON  BRODIE. — Can  any  one  kindly  tell  me 
what  was  the  name  of  the  mother  of  this  well- 
known  personage  ?  (See  "  N.  &Q;"  3rd  S.  iii.  47, 
97.)  2.  0. 

CURE  FOE  RICKETS. — In  reading  Thomas  Ful- 
ler's Good  Thoughts  in  Worse  Times,  I  cauie  upon 
the  following  passage  :  — 

"  There  is  a  disease  of  infants  (and  an  infant  disease, 
having  scarcely  as  yet  gotten  a  proper  name  in  Latin) 
called  the  rickets ;  wherein  the  head  waxeth  too  great, 
whilst  the  legs  and  lower  parts  wane  too  little.  A  woman 
in  the  west  hath  happily  healed  many,  by  cauterizing 
the  vein  behind  the  ear.  How  proper  there'medy  for  the 
malady  I  engage  not,  experience  ofttirnes  outdoing  art, 
whilst  we  behold  the  cure  easily  effected,  and  the  natural 
cause  thereof  hardly  assigned." — Meditations  on  the  Times, 
xix. 

Can  any  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  throw 
any  light  upon  the  nature  of  the  remedy  here 
mentioned,  or  inform  me  of  the  name  of  this  cele- 
brated woman  ? 

The  Meditations  from  which  the  above-men- 
tioned passage  was  taken  were  written  by  Thomas 
Fuller  in  the  year  1647.  J.  C.  G. 

MRS.  DORSET.  —  Information  is  desired  as  to 
this  lady,  whose  Peacock  at  Home,  a  poem,  is 
noticed  in  the  British  Critic,  xxxvii.  67. 

S.  Y.  R. 

"THE  DUBLIN  MAGAZINE."  —  May  I  ask  you 
to  inform  me  whether  any  more  than  vol.  i.  of 
The  Dublin  Magazine;  or,  Monthly  Memorialist 
(Dublin,  1812-13,  8vo),  appeared,  and  by  whom 
it  was  edited?  As  stated  on  the  title-page,  it 
was  "under  the  Direction  of  a  Society  of  Literary 
Gentlemen."  ABHBA. 

ELLY  DAVY'S  SEAL. — There  is  in  Croydon 
some  almshouses  founded  in  1447  by  one  Elly 
Davy  or  Ellis  Davis,  mercer  and  citizen  of  Lon- 
don, who  obtained  for  that  purpose  letters  patent 
in  23rd  Hen.  VI.;  also  the  sanction  of  Arch. 
Stafford,  1443,  and  letters  from  the  abbot  and 
convent  of  St.  Saviour's,  Bermondsey,  in  Dec. 
1445. 

The  seal,  which  is  impressed  on  all  leases  and 
conveyances  granted  by  the  charity  has  the  in- 
scription, "Decani  Collegii  de  Stoke  segillum 
oiScii." 

Is  it  likely  that  the  seal  has  at  some  time  or 
other  been  appropriated  ?  If  not,  what  is  the 
connection  between  Elly  Davy  and  Stoke  ? 

WYNNE  E.  BAXTER. 

HERALDIC. — Where  can  I  find  a  statement  of  all 
the  circumstances  which  enable  a  man  to  carry 


more  than  one  crest  ?  and  also  the  title  of  a  book 
in  which  I  can  find  engravings  of  the  coronets  used 
by  the  French  noblesse  in  the  seventeenth  and 
eighteenth  centuries  ?  M.  B. 

LOCKE  AND  SPINOZA. — 

"  Locke  a  traduit,  mot  a  mot,  ce  que  Spinose  dit  sur  les 
revenants  et  les  esprits,"  p.  17. — Essaisurle  Spiritualisms, 
par  M.  F.  Chenier,  Paris,  1867. 

A  reference  to  the  passage  in  Locke  or  Spinoza 
will  oblige.  E.  H. 

DANIEL  MACE  published  Nineteen  Sermons,  8vo, 
1751.  He  was  a  dissenting  minister  at  Newbury, 
in  Berkshire.  When  and  where  did  he  die  ? 

S.  Y.  R. 

THE  COMPANY  OF  MERCHANTS  ADVENTURERS. — 
In  the  Cotton  MS.  Vespasian  C.  xiij.  p.  318,  is 
what  appears  to  be  an  order  of  the  Lords  of  the 
Council,  though,  as  far  as  I  have  been  able  to  as- 
certain, it  is  not  in  the  Council  Register.  There 
is  no  date  to  it,  but  it  is  signed — "E.  Clynton, 
W.  Haward,  Fr.  Knollis,  Wa.  Myldmay." 

The  purport  of  it  is  to  authorise  a  relaxation  of 
the  restraint  of  trade  between  England  and  Spain. 
And  in  order  to  carry  this  object  into  effect,  cer- 
tain powers  are  given  to  "  John  Marshe,  Esquire, 
Governor  unto  the  Company  of  the  Merchauntes 
Adventurers  ;  Thomas  Aldersey,  William  Tower- 
sonne,  and  Richard  Boulder,  Merchauntes  Ad- 
venturers ;  and  Robert  Love,  William  Wydnell, 
Thomas  Bramley,  and  Richard  Stap,  Merchauntes 
trading  Spayne." 

In  the  Lansdowne  MS.  No.  112,  Art.  1,  fol.  1, 
is  a  letter  from  Thomas  Aldarsey  (apparently  the 
Thomas  Aldersey  above  adverted  to)  addressed  to 
Lord  Treasurer  Burghley,  with  reference  to  a 
treaty  then  in  progress  for  the  opening  of  traffic 
between  England  and  the  dominions  of  the  King 
of  Spain. 

This  letter  is  followed  by  a  draft  of  the  treaty 
art.  2,  p.  3. 

I  suppose  the  order  of  the  Lords  in  Council  to 
have  been  issued  not  later  than  July,  1571,  and 
the  letter  of  Thomas  Aldarsey  to  have  been  written 
in  the  autumn  of  1573. 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  assist  me  in 
verifying  these  dates  ?  I  would  also  beg  to  in- 
quire— 1.  Whether  the  treaty,  of  which  we  find 
the  draft  in  the  Lansdowne  MS.,  was  ever  ra- 
tified ? 

2.  Where  information  can  be  found  respecting 
the  "  Company  of  Merchauntes  Adventurers," 
concerning  John  Marshe,  Esq.,  the  Governor  of 
the  company,  and  Thomas  Aldersey,  evidently  an 
active  member  of  it?  P.  S.  CAREY. 

NORMANDY. — What  were  the  boundaries  of  the 
Province  of  Normandy  as  ceded  to  Rollo  by 
Charles  the  Simple  ?  MELETES. 


S.  IV.  Nov.  7,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


3/T3 


TITUS  GATES.  —  Where  can  a  list  be  found  of 
the  noblemen  and  gentlemen  who  suffered  under 
the  accusations  of  Titus  Gates?  H. 

"  PALLAS  ARMATA  :  THE  GENTLEMAN'S  AB- 
JMORIE."  Lond.  8vo,  1639. — In  Moule's  Bibliotheca 
Heraldica,  a  work  with  this  title  is  given  as  one 
treating  of  Heraldry.  He  cites  the  price  given 
for  a  copy  in  Bindley's  sale.  I  doubt  whether  the 
work  in  question  has  any  reference  to  Heraldry, 
and  consequently  whether  it  has  properly  a  place 
in  a  catalogue  of  works  upon  the  subject.  If  any 
of  your  readers  has  a  copy,  and  would  refer  to  it, 
and  state  the  nature  of  the  volume  so  entitled,  he 
will  oblige.  Perhaps  some  of  your  heraldic  corre- 
spondents, frequenters  of  the  British  Museum, 
would  ascertain  if  a  copy  of  Pallas  Armata  exists 
in  that  library.  S.  E.  G. 

MRS.  PABSONS,  who  wrote  above  sixty  volumes 
of  novels  and  a  play,  died  at  Laytonstone,  Feb.  5, 
1811.  She  was  daughter  of  Mr.  Phelp,  wine 
merchant  at  Plymouth,  and  the  widow  of  Mr. 
Parsons,  sometime  a  turpentine  merchant  of 
Stonehouse,  afterwards  of  the  Bow  China  House, 
and  ultimately  of  the  Lord  Chamberlain's  Office. 
There  is  a  lull  Memoir  of  her  in  Biographia 
Dramatica,  Her  Christian  name  is  desired. 

S.  Y.  R. 

PEW  RENTS.  —  In  consecrated  churches  and 
chapels,  where  there  are  pew  rents,  who  has  the 
right  of  collecting  and  receiving  them  ?  If  trus- 
tees or  the  churchwardens  have  the  right,  can 
they  apply  any  part  of  such  receipts  otherwise 
than  to  the  conduct  of  Divine  service  in  the  par- 
ticular church  or  chapel?  above  all,  can  they 
•divert  any  part  to  their  own  benefit  ?  To  whom 
are  they  bound  to  give  an  account  of  receipt  and 
expenditure  ?  J.  C.  J. 

QUOTATION  FROM  SENECA.  —  Will  you  kindly 
inform  me  in  what  work  of  Seneca  the  following 
-excellent  observations  occur  ?  The  passage  is,  I 
believe,  generally  ascribed  to  Seneca :  — 

"  Non  quia  difficilia  quawlam  sunt,  ideo  non  audemus  ; 
sed  quia  non  audemus,  ideo  difficilia." 

J.  DALTON. 

WILLIAM  ROSE,  an  apothecary,  had  a  dispute 
with  the  College  of  Physicians  in  1704.  Informa- 
tion respecting  him  is  desired.  S.  Y.  R. 

SALDEN  MANSION. — Will  any  Buckinghamshire 
correspondent  kindly  say  where  I  can  find  descrip- 
tions or  views  of  the  old  mansion  at  Salden  ?  and 
where  a  work  called  Sucks'  Records  *  (not  in  the 
British  Museum)  can  be  seen  ?  It  is  quoted  in 
Sheahan's  History  of  Bucks.  KAPPA. 

MBS.  SALMON'S  WAX  WORK. — In  that  amusing 
work,  London  Scenes  and  London  People,  p.  59, 

[*  That  is,  The  Records  of  Buckinghamshire,  published 
by  the  Bucks  Archaeological  Society.— En.] 


the  author  says  "  as  early  as  1787  Mrs.  Salmon 
set  up  her  tent ; "  but  the  "  ingenious  "  lady  and 
her  wax  work  are  mentioned  among  the  popular 
sights  in  the  Spectator  of  Aprils,  1711.  When 
was  the  earliest  exhibition  of  wax  work  as  a  public 
show  ?  The  art  is  of  course  as  old  as  the  Romans 
(Juvenal,  vii.  238,  viii.  19),  and  perhaps  older; 
and  waxen  effigies  of  our  rulers  were  carried,  at 
their  funerals,  even  at  that  of  Oliver  Cromwell. 

A.  A. 
Poets'  Corner. 

A  SUSSEX  POEM.  —  Who  was  the  author  of 
Woolsonbury  Nymphs,  a  poem  inscribed  to  Miss 
Danoe  ?  It  was  published  in  1825. 

J.  WOODWARD. 

SPENSER  AND  TRAVEBS. — Can  any  reader  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  oblige  me  with  proof  of  the  marriage 
said  to  have  been  celebrated  between  John  Tra- 
vers  and  Sarah  Spenser,  sister  to  the  poet,  soon 
after  Spenser's  settlement  at  Kilcolman  ?  It  is 
asserted,  in  Craik's  Spenser  and  his  Poetry  (iiL 
250),  that  this  John  Travers  was  son  of  Brian 
Travers  of  Pille,  co.  Devon ;  who,  inheriting  from 
a  long  line  of  ancestors  the  estate  of  Nateby,  co. 
Lancashire,  sold  or  mortgaged  it  temp.  Philip 
and  Mary,  and  settled  in  Devonshire,  "  having 
inherited  the  estate  of  Pill  in  right  of  his  wife." 
I  do  not  know  how  often  this  statement  may  have 
been  repeated,  or  whether  it  is  generally  believed ; 
i  but  I  can  distinctly  prove  that  no  Brian  Travers 
ever  held  the  Nateby  estate,  which  continued  in 
the  Lancashire  family  of  Travers  from  Hen.  III. 
to  Chas.  I. ;  that  the  Pille  estate  belonged  to  the 
Devonshire  family,  at  least  three  generations 
earlier  than  the  individual  in  question ;  and  that, 
although  Brian  Travers  of  Pille  had  a  son  John, 
born  and  baptised  in  1567,  there  is  every  reason 
to  believe  that  he  died  without  issue,  and  was 
buried  at  Coleridge,  co.  Devon,  on  the  llth  of 
Nov.  1573.  I  am,  therefore,  extremely  anxious 
to  know  whether  the  above  marriage  is  an  un- 
undoubted  fact  ?  And  if  so,  who  and  of  what 
parentage  was  the  said  John  Travers  ?  H.  J.  S. 

"  TAYNTYNG."— In  the  publications  of  the  Phi- 
lobiblon  Society,  there  is  a  paper  communicated 
by  Mr.  J.  B.  Heath—"  An  Account  of  Materials 
furnished  for  the  Use  of  Queen  Anne  Boleyn  and 
the  Princess  Elizabeth  by  William  Loke,  the 
King's  Mercer,  in  1535-36"  — in  which  appears 
the  following  entry  :  — 

"  It.  ii  Rolls  bokeram  blak  ffor  Tayntyng  of  a  nyght 
gowne  of  orenge  culler  taffeta." 

I  believe  the  word   "tayntyng"  comes  from 

I  teint,  artificial  or  compound  of  colours.     I  have 

looked  in  many  old  dictionaries,  but  I  have  been 

unable  to  trace  this  word.     I  should  be  glad  if 

any  of  your  readers  could  direct  my  steps. 

W.  H.  OVERALL. 

Guildhall  Library. 


374 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"»  S.  IV.  Nov.  7, 


"  LES  TROIS  ALREENNES." — A  small  French  ves- 
sel put  lately  into  Whitehaven,  her  name  "  Les  Trois 
Alreennes,"  bound  from  Auray,  a  small  port  in 
Brittany.  Her  name  was  illustrated  by  a  brilliant 
painting  of  three  women  with  golden  crowns. 
Are  these  Trois  Alreennes  queens  of  Auray? 
and  what  is  their  story  ?  EDW.  H.  KNOWLES. 

St.  Bees. 

ABR.  ZACUTUS.  —  This  author  was  a  Spanish 
Jew,  living  in  Portugal.  He  wrote  Almanack 
Perpetuum  Cuelestium  Motuum  traduclum  a  Lingua 
Hebraica  in  Latinam,  per  Jos.  Verzinum.  Leiriae, 
Magister  Ortas,  1496,  4to,  156  leaves.  This  work 
consists  of  286  tables  (query  in  Hebrew  charac- 
ters), and  is  so  scarce  that  the  copy  in  the  Royal 
Library  at  Lisbon  is  the  only  one  known.  This 
information,  says  Ebert,  was  kindly  communicated 
by  D.  Bellerman,  the  ambassador's  chaplain.  M. 
Denis,  in  the  Biograph.  Univers.,  says  that  the 
Almanac  was  translated  into  Latin  by  Alphonse 
Sevillano,  of  Cordova,  and  Hain  says  printed  at 
Venice,  1496,  in  8vo,  with  additions.  Hain  makes 
two  books,  16,267  and  16,269,  of  the_TaZ>.  Astro- 
nom.  and  the  Almanack  Perpet.  This  is  wrong. 
But  his  In  fine  is  from  the  Portuguese  edition  of 
1496,  and  ends  thus :  —  "  Sole  existente  in  15  gr. 
53  m.  2  piscium  sub  co3lo  Leyree."  But  I  can 
find  no  trace  among  bibliographers  of  the  follow- 
ing, Pronostico  dello  Ano  MDXXVI.  ;  again  in  1532, 
and  again  in  1535,  a  4to  of  four  leaves.  Can  any 
of  your  readers  supply  an  earlier  or  a  later  copy  ? 
It  is  prophetical  only,  without  tables.  I  under- 
stand Mr.  Steinschneider  (Jewish  Literature)  to 
deny  that  the  learned  Spanish  Jews  believed  in 
astrology,  but  particularly  deprecated  its  practice. 

WM.  DAVIS. 


cfturrirs  itutlj  <3n  sum's. 

GEORGE  LORD  JEFFREYS. — It  has,  I  believe, 
formed  a  subject  of  dispute  as  to  where  the  body 
of  the  notorious  Lord  High  Chancellor  of  England, 
the  Lord  Jeffrey?,  was  interred,  it  being  generally 
asserted  and  insisted  on  by  the  late  Lord  Camp- 
bell, in  his  Lives  of  the  Chancellors,  that  it  had 
been  placed  in  a  vault  under  the  altar  of  the 
church  of  St.  Mary  the  Virgin,  Aldermanbury. 
This  church  is  now  undergoing  extensive  altera- 
tions, and  the  vaults  being  now  filled  up  for  sani- 
tary reasons.  But  as  yet  nothing  has  been  dis- 
covered to  confirm  the  above  statement,  but  it 
may  prove  interesting  to  your  readers  to  learn 
that  in  the  vault  referred  to  was  a  small  brass- 
plate,  in  excellent  preservation,  inscribed  as  fol- 
lows :  — 

"  The  Honble  M™  Mary  Dive,  eldest  daughter  of  the 
Right  Honble  George  Lord  Jeffrey,  Baron  of  Wem,  and 
Lord  High  Chancellor  of  England,  by  Ann  his  Lady, 
daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Bludworth,  sometime  Lord 


Mayor  of  the  City  of  London,  died  Oct.  4th,  1711,  in  tbe 
31"  year  of  her  age." 

I  am  happy  to  state  the  brass  has  been  removed 
from  its  hiding  place,  and  will  be  inserted  in  the 
wall  of  the  church.  ROUT.  H.  HILLS. 

[Lord  Macaulay  states  that  "  the  emaciated  corpse  o:' 
George  Lord  Jeffreys  was  laid,  with  all  privacy,  next  to  the 
corpse  of  Monmouth  in  the  chapel  of  the  Tower."  (Hist, 
of  England,  iii.  403.)  So  far  this  true;  but  according  to 
Malcolm  it  was  subsequently  removed  to  St.  Mary,  Al- 
dermanbury. He  says,  "  Jeffreys  was  privately  buried 
in  the  Tower,  from  whence  his  body  was  conveyed  to  the 
family  vault,  four  years  and  six  months  afterwards,  as  a 
tradition  in  the  parish  of  St.  Mary's  asserts,  by  the  ap- 
prentices of  Aldermanbury,  in  a  manner  rather  tumultu- 
ous. But  this  must  be  a  mere  fable,  further  than  that 
the  apprentices  might  have  run  riot  on  such  an  occasion,, 
as  they  frequently  did  a  century  or  two  past.  But  the 
bod}'  was  doubtlessly  removed  by  regular  permission  ob- 
tained by  his  friends.  The  sextoness  informs  me,  that 
she  saw  the  coffin  of  this  unpopular  judge,  a  few  years 
past,  in  perfect  preservation,  covered  with  crimson  velvet,, 
and  with  gilt  furniture."  Malcolm  also  prints  the  follow- 
ing extract  from  the  register  of  burials :  "  1693,  George 
Lord  Jeffreys,  baron  of  Wem,  died  the  19  April,  1689; 
buried  in  a  vault  under  the  communion-table,  Nov.  2, 
1693."  (Londinium  Redivivum,  ii.  133,  137.)  This  con- 
firms the  account  given  by  Lord  Campbell,  who  states 
that  "Jeffreys'  remains  were  buried  privately  in  the 
Tower,  where  they  remained  quietly  for  some  years.  A 
warrant  was  afterwards  signed  by  Queen  Mar}',  while- 
William  was  on  the  continent,  directed  to  the  governor  of 
the  Tower, '  for  his  delivering  the  body  of  George,  late  Lord 
Jeffreys,  to  his  friends  and  relations,  to  bury  him  as  they 
think'fit.'  On  the  2nd  of  November,  1693,"the  body  was 
disinterred,  and  buried  a  second  time  in  a  vault  under  the 
communion-table  of  St.  Mary,  Aldermanbury.  In  the 
year,  1810,  when  the  church  was  repaired,  the  coffin  was 
inspected  by  the  curious,  and  was  found  still  fresh,  with 
the  name  of  Lord  Chancellor  Jeffreys  inscribed  upon  it." 
(Lives  of  the  Lord  Chancellors,  iii.  579.)  A  circumstantial 
account  of  the  discovery  of  his  coffin  in  December,  1810,. 
will  be  found  in  the  Gent.  Mag.  of  that  month,  p.  554, 
where  it  is  stated,  that  "  the  coffin  was  not  opened ;  and. 
after  public  curiosity  had  been  gratified,  it  was  replaced 
in  the  vault,  and  the  stone  fastened  over  it."] 

CINTHIO.  —  What  is  known  of  this  celebrated 
writer,  and  did  Shakspeare  borrow  from  him,  and 
what  ?  R.  E.  L. 

[Giovanni  Battista  Giraldi  Cintio,  an  Italian  poet,  was 
born  at  Ferrara  in  1504.  He  studied  the  classics  under 
Celio  Calcagnini,  and  then  applied  himself  to  the  study 
of  Physic  under  Manardi.  In  1542,  Duke  Hercules  of 
Ferrara  made  him  his  secretary,  in  which  office  he  was. 
continued  by  that  prince's  successor,  Alfonso  II.  He 
afterwards  accepted  the  professorship  of  Rhetoric  at 
Pavia,  and  obtained  a  place  in  the  academy  of  that  town. 
It  was  here  he  got  the  name  of  Ciutio,  which  he  subse- 
quently adopted.  After  suffering  from  an  attack  of  the 
gout,  he  died  in  December,  1573.  He  wrote  nine  trage- 
dies; also  Egle,  a  pastoral  drama,  and  Ercole,  a  poem. 
But  his  greatest  work  is  his  Gli  ffecacommithi,  or  Hun- 
dred Tales  (after  the  manner  of  Boccacio),  2  vols.  8vo, 
1561,  1566;  and  2  vols.  4to,  1608.  These  Tales  have 
become  known  in  England  by  the  recourse  that  Shak- 
speare has  had  to  them  in  Measure  for  Measure,  &c.,  for 
the  subjects  of  his  plays.  "I  venture  to  hint,"  says  the 
late  Joseph  Hunter,  "  the  name  of  Cinthio  as  the  probable 
author  of  the  stories  on  which  The  Tempest  and  Love's- 


S'd  S.  IV.  Xov.  7,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


375 


Labour's  Lost  are  founded.  And  for  this  reason.  Shak- 
speare  took  the  story  from  Cinthio,  which  he  has  wrought 
up  into  the  play  of  Othello,  and  that  story  has  a  certain 
relation  to  the  facts  of  authentic  history,  similar  to  the 
relation  which  exists  between  the  stories  of  the  two 
comedies  just  named  and  the  facts  of  genuine  history.  A 
good  bibliographical  tract  on  Cinthio  would  be  a  valuable 
contribution  to  Shakspearian  literature." — New  Illustra- 
tions of  Shakspeare,  ii.  344.  A  very  good  account  of 
Cinthio's  novels  will  be  found  in  Dunlop's  History  of  Fic- 
tion, ii.  419,  437.  (See  also  Liebrecht's  German  transla- 
tion of  Dunlop);  and  with  special  reference  to  Shakspeare's 
obligations  to  Cinthio,  consult  Quellen  des  Shakspeare  in 
Novel/en,  Mahrchen,  und  Sagen.  Herausgegeben  von  Dr. 
Theodor  Echtermeyer,  Ludwig  Henschel,  und  Karl  Sim- 
rock  ;  and  also  The  Remarks  of  M.  Karl  Simrock  on  the 
Plots  of  Shakspeare's  Plays  with  Notes  and  Additions,  by 
J.  O.  Halliwell,  Esq.,  printed  for  the  Shakspeare  Society 
in  1850.] 

"  DEFENCE  OP  CHARLES  I."  —  I  should  be  glad 
to  receive  any  information  about  a  book  bearing 
the  following  title :  — 

"  Defensio  Regia  pro  Carolo  I.  ad  Serenissimum  Magna; 
Britannia?  Regem  Carolum  II.  Filium  natu  Majorem, 
Heredem  &  Successorem  legitimum.  Sumptibus  Regiis. 
Anno  1649." 

Neither  author  nor  place  of  publication  are 
mentioned.  The  book  is  24mo,  containing  444 
pages,  written  entirely  in  Latin,  and  the  copy  in 
my  possession,  which  I  purchased  at  a  sale  in  Ox- 
ford at  a  low  price,  is  very  elegantly  bound  by 
Hayday  in  calf  antique.  On  the  back  of  the  title- 
page  is  stamped  "Biblioth.  Fridr.  Hurter.  Sca- 
phus." 

I  have  searched  for  it  to  no  purpose  in  the 
catalogues  of  the  Bodleian  Library,  in  Bonn's 
large  Catalogue,  1841,  and  Macpherson's,  1844. 

C.  D. 

[This  work  is  b}'  Claude  Saumaise,  best  known  in  the 
Latin  form  Salmasius,  whom  the  general  suffrage  of  his 
compeers  placed  at  their  head  in  the  province  of  litera- 
ture. When  in  Holland  he  complied  with  the  request  of 
Charles  II.  of  England,  then  in  exile,  to  write  a  defence 
of  his  father  and  of  monarchy.  In  the  publication  of  this 
work  Salmasius  had  not  calculated  on  so  powerful  an  op- 
ponent as  John  Milton,  who 'was  importuned  by  the 
parliament  to  answer  it.  Early  in  the  year  1651,  Milton 
published  the  Defensiopro  Populo  Anglicano  contra  Claudii 
Salmasii  Defttisionem  Regiam.  It  was  said  in  Holland 
that  Salmasius  had  pleaded  very  badly  in  an  excellent 
cause — Milton  very  ably  in  a  bad  one.  Both  works  were 
circulated  with  great  industry  by  each  party.  Hobbes 
saj'S  "  They  are  very  good  Latin  both,  and  hardly  to  be 
judged  which  is  better;  and  both  very  ill  reasoning, 
hardly  to  be  judged  which  is  worse;  like  two  declama- 
tions pro  and  con,  made  for  exercise  only  in  a  rhetoric 
school  by  one  and  the  'same  man.  So  like  is  a  Presbyte- 
rian to  an  Independent."  Salmasius  prepared  a  Reply  to 
Milton,  but  did  not  live  to  finish  it.  In  the  year  of  the 
restoration  it  was  printed  in  London  under  the  following 
title,  Claudii  Saimasii  ad  Joannem  Miltonum  Responsio, 
Opus  posthumum,  with  a  Dedication  to  Charles  II.  by  Sal- 
masius's  son  Claudius,  dated  at  Dijon,  Sept.  1,  1660.] 

DEATH  OF  CAPTAIN  COOK.  —  I  have  a  line  en- 
graving representing  the  death  of  Cook,  and,  as  it 
is  a  proof  before  any  letters,  am  unable  to  find 


out  the  painter  and  the  engraver.  The  size  of 
the  print  is  twenty-three  inches  by  seventeen. 
Near  the  centre  stands  Cook,  not  in  uniform,  but 
in  a  light-coloured  jacket  and  trowsers  ;  he  is  aim- 
ing a  blow  with  the  butt-end  of  his  musket.  A 
native,  in  a  war-helmet,  stabs  him  in  the  left 
shoulder;  another  native,  to  the  right,  stoops  to 
pick  up  a  stone.  To  the  left  of  the  spectator  are 
the  English  boats,  into  one  of  which  a  sailor  is 
scrambling,  while  another  is  lifted  out  of  the 
water  by  a  comrade;  sailors  and  marines  are 
firing  on  the  crowd  of  savages. 

I  wish  to  know  the  painter  and  the  engraver  of 
this  piece.  The  style  of  engraving  is  rather  like 
that  of  Sherwin.  J. 

[There  are  two  contemporaneous  prints  of  the  death  of 
Captain  Cook,  and  both  of  them  after  John  Webber, 
the  draughtsman  appointed  to  accompany  the  great  cir- 
cumnavigator in  his  last  voyage.  The  first  and  best 
known  was  engraved  by  Bartolozzi  and  Byrne ;  and  the 
second  by  a  French  engraver  of  the  name  of  Claude  Mar- 
tieu  Fessard,  the  latter  differing  in  the  points  noticed  by 
our  correspondent ;  for  in  the  former  the  Captain  is  pas- 
sively trailing  his  musket,  and  is  also  dressed  in  uniform. 
It  is  remarkable  that  Webber  should  have  painted  two 
different  representations  of  this  occurrence.  We  shall  be 
glad  to  know  which  is  considered  the  most  correct.] 

CRABBE'S  POEM  OF  THE  "LEVITE." — In  Crabbe's 
Life  and  Works  (Murray,  1847),  there  occurs,  at 
p.  170,  a  set  of  stanzas,  the  burden  of  which  is 
that  woman  is  the  good  Samaritan  of  life.  But 
in  Blackwood  for  April,  1837,  another  and  very 
different  version  of  the  same  stanzas  is  given. 
The  latter  poem  is  a  stinging  satire  on  the  Sec- 
taries, without  one  reference  to  female  Samari- 
tanism.  Its  burden  is  this :  — 

"  Hard  Levite !  bitter  priest !  begone. 

Swell  knaves  with  fools  your  nasal  strain. 
The  Gospel  knows  no  heart  of  stone; 
The  Gospel  scorns  no  cry  of  pain." 

Which  version  is  the  original  and  correct  one  ? 

D.  BLAIR. 
Melbourne. 

[As  the  writer  of  the  article  in  Blackwood  was  not  per- 
fectly sure  the  poem  was  by  the  Rev.  George  Crabbe,  it 
would  seem  that  his  son,  the  Editor  of  his  Works,  wished 
to  lay  a  claim  to  this  stray  waif  as  the  production  of  his 
father,  and  consequently  produced  the  original  draught 
from  his  note-book.  To  whom  we  are  indebted  for  the 
additional  verses  printed  in  Blackwood  is  indeterminate.] 

KOTZEBUE  :  "  THE  STRANGER." — What  is  the 
name  of  the  song  in  Kotzebue's  play  of  The 
Stranger,  and  by  whom  is  the  music  published  ? 

T.  G.  E. 

[The  song  has  no  title.  In  B.  Thompson's  translation 
it  commences :  — 

"  I  have  a  silent  sorrow  here, 
A  grief  I'll  ne'er  impart; 
It  breathes  no  sigh,  it  sheds  no  tear, 

But  it  consumes  my  heart." 

The  music,  we  believe,  may  be  had  at  Lonsdale's  Musical 
Library,  26,  Old  Bond  Street.] 


376 


NOTES  AXD  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  Nov.  7,  '63. 


JOHN  NICHOLSON:   "MAPS." 
(2nd  S.  iii.  107,  198;  3rd  S.  iv.  170.) 

There  is  not  a  more  valued  correspondent  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  than  MR.  DE  MORGAN.  Whatever 
proceeds  from  his  pen  carries  with  it  an  air  of 
conclusive  authority  on  the  ground  that  ipse  dixit. 
It  is  extremely  disappointing,  then,  to  find  the 
PROFESSOR  committing  himself  to  statements  so 
erroneous  as  those  (ante  p.  170)  relating  to  the 
person  whose  name  is  at  the  head  of  this  article ; 
more  particularly  when,  setting  himself  to  correct 
the  errors  of  others,  he  himself  falls  into  greater 
on  the  same  subject. 

In  giving  an  authentic  history  of  "  Mappesiani 
Bibliopolii  Gustos,"  as  he  was  fond  of  designating 
himself,  the  allusion  to  him  by  the  "  Brace  of 
Cantabs  "  may  be  passed  by  as  undeserving  notice. 
Let  us  then  come  to  Gunning.  MB.  DE  MORGAN 
justly  remarks  that  Gunning's  book  "  is  not  a 
high  authority  on  facts  of  recollection,"  still,  on 
the  present  subject,  when  he  speaks  of  things 
within  the  sphere  of  his  own  knowledge,  his  ac- 
count is  mainly  correct.  He  was  resident  in  the 
University  ten  years  before  the  death  of  Nichol- 
son, and  acknowledges  to  having  had  the  advan- 
tage of  his  library;  he  must  therefore  have  had  a 
personal  knowledge  of  him.  But  when  he  speaks 
of  Nicholson's  exhibiting  his  books  "  on  a  small 
moveable  stall,"  he  is  drawing  upon  his  imagina- 
tion ;  for  he  states  that  when  he  came  to  college, 
Nicholson  was  living  in  "  a  large  and  commodious 
house  belonging  to  King's  College."  In  fact  he 
never  kept  a  book-stall.  Gunning  says  that  the 
son  of  "  Maps  "  discovered  that  he  was  entitled  to 
the  name  of  Nicholson.  ME.  DE  MORGAN  cor- 
rectly remarks  upon  this  that  his  name  was  not 
lost  during  his  life.  But  the  observation  of  the 
facetious  Bedell,  which  seems  to  imply  the  con- 
trary, is  merely  a  Gunningism  which  every  one 
who  knew  him  will  know  how  to  appreciate.  Gun- 
ning's account  of  the  manner  in  which  the  portrait 
of  "  Maps  "  came  to  be  placed  in  the  University 
library  is  correct.  But  MB.  DE  MORGAN  says 
that  Nicholson  "was  an  officer  of  the  Public 
Library  all  his  life."  There  is  not  a  shadow  of 
truth  in  this  statement ;  he  was  never  in  any  way 
connected  with  the  University  library.  Nay,  I 
am  informed  by  the  library  authorities  that  such 
an  office  as  MR.  DE  MORGAN  describes  never 
existed  except  in  the  imagination  of  that  gentle- 
man. Ms.  DE  MORGAN  has  travelled  out  of  his 
brief  to  describe  the  worthy  old  bookseller  as 
"very  illiterate,"  so  much  so  that  "he  thought 
that  all  large  folios  were  books  of  maps .'  "  Was 
anything  ever  more  absurd  ?  MR.  DE  MORGAN 
remarks  upon  "  the  inaccuracies  incident  to  re- 
miniscences without  memoranda,"  but  how  much 


greater  the  inaccuracy  that  rests  upon  neither  re- 
miniscences nor  memoranda.  I  do  not  mean  to 
assert  that  Nicholson  was  an  educated  man  in  the 
academical  sense  of  the  word,  but  he  had  received 
the  education  usual  with  "  men  of  business,"  and 
is  known  to  have  been  intelligent  and  well  in- 
formed, as  his  success  sufficiently  corroborates.* 

It  is  not  generally  known  that  Nicholson  was 
not  the  original  "  Maps."  The  first  who  rejoiced 
in  that  sobriquet  in  Cambridge  was  Robert  Watts, 
who  established  the  fir§t  circulating  library  in  the 
University  about  the  year  I745.f  He  died  Jan. 
31,  1751-2,  and  left  his  stock  of  books,  maps,  and 
prints  to  his  only  daughter  Anne.  She,  on  March 
28,  1752,  was  married  to  John  Nicholson,  who 
thus  succeeded  to  the  circulating  library,  and  the 
sobriquet  of  his  father-in-law,  both  of  which  he 
maintained,  with  what  success  is  well  known,  till 
his  death  in  1796. 

Nicholson  was  a  native  of  Mountsorrel,  Leices- 
tershire, where  his  ancestors  for  some  generations 
had  occupied  a  small  farm.  He  was  born  in  1730, 
and  was  therefore  only  twenty-two  years  of  age 
when  he  married  Miss  Watts.  He  had  one  brother 
in  trade  (I  am  not  able  to  say  what)  in  Leicester ; 
and  another  settled  at  Wisbeach  in  the  Isle  of 
Ely  as  a  bookseller,  whom  my  informant,  who 
knew  him  well,  describes  as  having  been  a  man  of 
considerable  intelligence.  John  Nicholson  died 
Aug.  8,  1796,  aged  sixty-six.  A  notice  of  him 
will  be  found  in  the  obituary  of  the  Gent.  Mag., 
vol.  Ixvi.  ii.  p.  708,  where  he  is  spoken  of  as  "  sin- 
cerely lamented  by  an  unparalleled  circle  of 
friends,  after  unremitting  attention  to  business  for 
forty- five  years."  He  is  there  said  to  have  him- 
self "  presented  to  the  University  a  whole-length 
portrait  of  himself  [painted  by  Reinagle]  which 
hangs  on  the  staircase  of  the  Public  Library,  and 
under  it  a  print  engraven  from  it  [by  Caldwall]." 
The  lettering  of  this  print  describes  it  as  having 
been  published  at  the  request  of  "  the  Vice- Chan- 
cellor, Masters,  Fellows,  Scholars,  and  Students  of 
the  University,"  to  whom  it  is  dedicated.  The 
profits  of  the  sale  were  to  be  given  to  Adden- 
brooke's  Hospital.  I  may  add  that  he  was  a  man 
of  a  most  benevolent  disposition  ;  and  the  number 
of  the  poorer  students  of  the  University  was  by 
no  means  small  whom  he  allowed  the  gratuitous 
use  of  his  library.  He  was  also  passionately  fond 
of  music,  and  to  please  him  his  only  daughter, 
who  died  at  the  age  of  seventeen,  had  learned  to 
play  the  violin  !  Whether  that  was  her  only  in- 
strument I  am  not  able  to  say.  His  widow  (Watts's 
daughter)  died  Feb.  7,  1814,  aged  eighty-four. 
His  only  surviving  son,  John,  succeeded  him  in 
the  business,  which  continued  to  be  carried  on  in 

*  I  am  able  to  state  that  himself  and  his  son  accumu- 
lated in  business  not  less  than  50,000/.,  the  larger  pro- 
portion of  which  is  believed  to  have  been  made  by  himself. 

f  See  Bowtell's  MSS.  in  Downing  College  library. 


3rtS.IV.  Nov.  7, '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


377 


the  old  house  in  front  of  King's  College  till  the 
year  1807  (not,  as  Gunning  says,  till  the  new 
buildings  at  King's  were  commenced,  which  was 
in  1824),  when  it  was  removed  to  the  corner  of 
Trinity  and  St.  Mary's  Streets.  John,  the  second, 
retired  from  the  business  about  the  year  1821, 
to  Stoke  Newington  (where  he  died  April  25, 
1825),  and  was  succeeded  by  his  elder  son  John, 
the  third  of  that  name. 

This  last-mentioned  was  a  man  of  no  mean  lite- 
rary taste  and  attainments.  He  was  the  author 
of  Poetus  and  Arria*  a  tragedy  in  five  acts.  To 
which  is  prefixed  a  letter  to  Thomas  Sheridan, 
Esq.,  on  the  present  state  of  the  English  stage, 
published  1809,  by  Lackington  &  Co. ;  also  of 
Wright  and  Wrong,  a  comedy  published  by  the 
same  firm  in  1812.  He  died  unmarried  Dec.  6, 
1822,  in  the  fortieth  year  of  his  age;  shortly  after 
which  time  the  bookselling  business,  after  having 
been  carried  on  by  the  Nicholson  family  for  se- 
venty years,  was  purchased  and  continued  by  Mr. 
Thomas  Stevenson,  and  more  recently  by  the 
Messrs.  Macmillan. 

In  the  Greek  hexameter,  MR.  DE  MORGAN-  is 
certainly  right  in  reading  deal,  and  not  vtoi,  and  for 
the  reason  he  assigns.  The  following  translation, 
perhaps  contemporary  with  the  original,  confirms 
this :  — 

"  Snobs  call  him  Nicholson,  but  gownsmen  Maps." 

E.  V. 


In  the  old  churchyard  of  St. Edward,  Cambridge, 
are  inscriptions  commemorating  Robert  Watts, 
Jan.  31,  1751-2,  aged  fifty-six;  John  Nicholson, 
Aug.  8,  1796,  aged  sixty-six;  Anne  his  wife,  Feb.  7, 
1814,  aged  eighty-four;  and  John  Nicholson,  Dec. 
3,  1822,  aged  forty-one.  The  following  note, 
with  reference  to  these  inscriptions,  occurs  in  the 
35th  part  of  the  Memorials  of  Cambridge,  now  on 
the  eve  of  publication  :  — 

"  Robert  Watts,  who  dwelt  and  had  a  book  shop  on  the 
western  side  of  Trumpington  Street  in  this  parish,  was 
the  first  person  who  established  a  circulating  library  in 
Cambridge.  It  was  opened  about  1745,  and  comprised  a 
large  stock  of  standard  mathematical  and  classical  books. 
He  dealt  also  in  maps  and  prints,  and  acquired  the  name  of 
Maps.  His  stock  in  trade  he  bequeathed  to  his  only  daugh- 
ter Anne,  who,  on  28  March,  1752,  married  John  Nicholson 
of  Mountsorrel,  Leicestershire,  who  carried  on  the  business 
on  the  same  premises  with  great  success  till  his  death  in 
1796.  He  was  also  well  known  by  the  name  of  Maps ; 
and  his  portrait,  by  Reinagle  (which  has  been  engraved), 
is  in  the  University  library.  He  was  succeeded  by  his 
son  John,  who,  in  1807,  removed  the  business  to  a  newly 
erected  house  at  the  corner  of  Trinity  Street  and  St.  Mary'"s 
Street  Having  accumulated  a  fortune,  he  went  to  reside 
at  Stoke  Xewington,  and  gave  up  the  business  to  his  son 
John,  the  author  of  two  or  more  published  dramas. 
Shortly  after  the  death  of  the  latter,  which  occurred  in 
1822,  the  business  was  disposed  of  to  Air.  Thomas  Steven- 
son, alderman,  and  sometime  mayor,  a  person  of  much 

*  See  "X.  &  Q."  !•«  S.  vol.  viii.  pp.  219,  374. 


literary  ability.  He  discontinued  the  circulating  library 
On  his  death,  in  1845,  the  business  was  sold  to  Messrs' 
A.  &  D.  Macmillan,  the  survivor  of  whom  is  an  extensive 
publisher  here,  and  at  London  and  Oxford,  under  the 
designation  of  Macmillan  &  Co.  The  second  John  Nichol- 
son died  at  Stoke  Newington,  25  April,  1825,  aged  70." — 
Memorials  of  Cambridge,  iii.  279. 

For  much  of  the  information .  contained  in  this 
note  I  am  indebted  to  the  Rev.  Edward  Ventris, 
M.A. 

PROFESSOR  DE  MORGAN  has,  I  think,  been  egre- 
giously  imposed  upon  with  respect  to  the  elder 
John  Nicholson  having  held  an  office  in  the  Uni- 
versity Library.  Having  made  much  inquiry  on 
the  subject,  I  believe  I  may  venture  to  assert  that 
there  never  was  in  the  University  of  Cambridge  a 
porter  or  beadle,  whose  duty  it  was  to  carry  books 
to  those  Masters  of  Arts  who  wanted  them.  I  think 
it  clear  that  he  did  not  (as  Mr.  Gunning  asserts 
and  the  PROFESSOR  surmises)  begin  by  keeping 
a  stall,  and  that  he  did  not  originate  the  plan  of 
supplying  undergraduates  with  their  class  books 
by  subscription. 

I  want  proof  that  he  was  very  illiterate,  and 
thought  that  all  large  folios  were  books  of  maps. 

C.  H.  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 


JACK  THE  GIANT  KILLER. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  306.) 

The  oldest  printed  copy  of  this  popular  story 
that  I  have  ever  seen,  gave  Aldermary  Church- 
yard as  its  place  of  publication  ;  and  from  the 
type,  paper,  general  arrangement,  and  that  some- 
thing which  bespeaks  the  age  without  giving  a 
date,  I  should  say  it  was  issued  from  1730  to  1740. 
The  title  was  The  History  of  Jack  and  the  Giants, 
and  the  tiny  vol.  of  16  pp.  was  in  two  parts  or 
"  books." 

In  Will.  Thackeray's  broadsheet  list  of  "  Small 
Merry  Books,"  "  Double  Books,"  and  "  Histories  " 
preserved  amongst  the  Bagford  papers  in  the 
British  Museum,  no  mention  is  made  of  Jack  and 
the  Giants,  although  it  is  a  very  full  gathering  of 
the  titles  (some  500  in  all)  of  the  chapmen's  liter- 
ature of  the  time.  I  am  inclined  to  think  that 
this,  Jack  and  the  Sean  Stalk,  and  other  kindred 
stories,  have  only  appeared  in  print  during  the 
past  100  or  120  years,  although  for  ages  previous 
to  this  they  existed  in  the  mouths  of  the  people, 
and  were  handed  down  by  the  old  to  the  young. 
Towards  the  middle  of  the  last  century,  when  chap- 
bookselling  was  at  its  zenith,  and  London  Bridge, 
Little  Britain,  Aldermary,  and  Bow  Churchyards, 
Gracious  or  Gracechurch  Street,  and  the  lanes 
running  out  of  Smithfield  swarmed  with  rival 
chap-  (or  cheap)  booksellers,  competition  in  the 
production  of  popular  literature  must  have  been 
very  great ;  and  it  seems  probable  that  the  more 


378 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  Nov.  7,  '63. 


enterprising  dealers,  anxious  for  novelties,  seized 
upon  the  ancient  oral  tales,  and  printed  them  for 
the  first  time.  The  most  popular  nursery  books 
of  the  present  day  are  these  later  printings,  whilst 
The  King  and  the  Tanner,  The  Friar  and  the  Boy, 
King  Arthur's  Book,  Bevis  of  Hampton,  Elynour 
Mumming,  and  scores  of  others,  well  known  in 
Shakspeare's  time  and  long  afterwards,  are  no 
longer  in  demand  amongst  the  juniors,  and  are 
only  to  be  met  with  in  the  libraries  of  the  curious. 
It  was  Sir  Francis  Palgrave's  opinion  that  Jack 
and  the  Bean  Stalk  came  from  the  East  through 
Southern  Europe,  but  that  Jack  the  Giant  Killer, 
or,  giving  it  the  old  title,  Jack  and  the  Giants,  was 
one  of  the  popular  stories  founded  upon  King 
Arthur  and  his  exploits.  Certain  features  in  the 
latter  story,  however,  may  be  observed  in  the 
popular  tales  of  Asia. 

The  wood  engravings  in  Mr.  Dunkin's  Archceo- 
logical  Mine  are  of  the  date  stated  by  the  editor, 
"not  a  century  earlier  than  Pocock's  day."  In 
the  very  curious  volume  of  old  woodcuts  recently 
published  at  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  D.  will  see 
that  even  in  Bewick's  time  some  of  the  most  bar- 
barous wood-blocks  ever  produced  were  being 
turned  forth  by  local  engravers.  I  purchased 
Catnach  and  Tommy  Pitt's  collection  of  wood- 
blocks, and  amongst  them  are  many  as  rude,  and 
not  nearly  so  well  drawn,  as  those  to  be  met  with 
in  the  block-books  of  the  fifteenth  century. 

JOHN  CAMDEN  HOTTEN. 
Piccadilly,  W, 


CUSTOM  AT  RIPONT. 

The  paragraph  quoted  by  Y.  B.  N.  J.  in 
"N.  &  Q,"  (3rd  S.  iv.  324)  "from  a  north  country 
newspaper,"  appeared  from  my  pen  in  the  Standard 
in  August,  as  part  of  a  report  of  the  visit  of  the 
Prince  and  Princess  of  Wales  to  the  north.  Since 
the  appearance  of  that  report,  I  have  been  told  by 
a  Riponite  that  my  informant  was  wrong  in  at- 
tributing the  maintenance  of  the  city's  charter  to 
the  blowing  of  the  horn.  However,  the  horn  is 
undoubtedly  blown  at  nine  o'clock  every  evening ; 
it  appears,  I  think,  in  the  arms  of  the  town,  and 
it  is  certainly  sculptured  on  one  of  the  pillars  of 
the  venerable  minster  now  under  slow  restoration. 
My  not  very  courteous  correspondent  at  Ripon 
did  me  the  favour  to  send  me  a  shilling  Guide  to 
Ripon  and  the  Neighbourhood,  bearing  the  names 
of  Bell  &  Daldy  as  its  London  publishers.  From 
this  "  Guide  "  it  appears  that  "  Alchfrid,  King  of 
Deira,  or  the  southern  portion  of  the  kingdom  of 
Northumberland,  was  lord  of  the  soil,  and  about 
the  year  660  bestowed  on  Eata,  Abbot  of  Mel- 
rose,  a  portion  of  ground  at  Ripon,  whereon  to 
erect  a  monastic  foundation."  Alchfrid,  on  the 
expulsion  of  the  Scots,  gave  the  monastery  to 
Wilfrid,  afterwards  Archbishop  of  York,  and 


whose  effigy  is  carried  through  the  town  every 
year  on  a  day  in  the  end  of  July  or  the  beginning 
of  August,  to  commemorate  his  return  from  foreign 
travel.  Wilfrid  does  not  seem  to  have  left  a  very 
good  name  behind  him,  for  "  Auld  Wilfrid"  is 
said  to  be  the  Ripon  synonytne  for  a  drunkard. 
In  this  "  Guide  "  the  following  is  the  account  of 
the  blowing  of  the  horn  :  — 

"  If  a  visitor  should  remain  in  the  city  during  the 
evening,  he  may  hear  the  sounding  of  the  Mayor's  horn, 
one  of  the  most  ancient  customs  that  lingers  in  the  king- 
dom. It  formerly  announced  the  setting  of  the  watch, 
whence  the  chief  officer  of  the  town  derived  his  Saxon 
style  of  "  Wakeman,"  but  has,  of  course,  now  lapsed  into 
a  formality.  Three  blasts,  long,  dull,  and  dire,  are  given 
at  nine  o'clock,  at  the  Mayor's  door,  by  his  official  Horn- 
blower,  and  one  afterwards  at  the  Market-cross,  while 
the  seventh  bell  of  the  Cathedral  is  ringing.  It  was  or- 
dained in  1598  that  it  should  be  blown,  according  to 
ancient  custom,  at  the  four  corners  of  the  cross,  at  nine 
o'clock ;  after  which  time,  if  any  house  '  on  the  gate 
syd  within  the  town '  was  robbed,  the  Wakeman  was 
bound  to  compensate  the  loss,  if  it  was  proved  that  he 
'  and  his  servants  did  not  their  duties  at  v*  time.'  To 
maintain  this  watch  he  received  from  every  householder 
in  the  town  that  had  but  one  door,  the  annual  tax  of  two- 
pence ;  but  from  the  owner  of  a  '  gate  door,  and  a  backe 
dore  iiij  by  the  year,  of  dutie.'  The  original  horn,  worn 
by  the  Wakeman,  decorated  with  silver  badges  and  the 
insignia  of  the  trading  companies  of  the  town,  but  shame- 
fully pillaged  in  1686,  has  been  several  times  adorned, 
especially  by  John  Aislabie,  Esq.,  Mayor  in  1702 ;  and 
in  1854.  Since  the  year  1607  it  has  been  worn  on  certain 
days  by  the  Serjeant-at-Mace,  in  procession." 

c.  w. 


PAINT  AND  PATCHES  (3rd  S.  iv.  303.) — Apropos 
of  patches,  there  is  a  passnge  in  Fletcher's 
Elder  Brother  (1st  edition,  1637),  describing 
their  use  by  the  male  sex  :  — 

"  .  .  .  .  your  black  patches  you  wear  variously.  Some 
cut  like  stars,  some  in  half-moons,  some  lozenges." — Elder 
Brother,  iii.  5. 

For  the  "  early  use  "  of  paint,  we  need  go  to  no 
more  recondite  source  than  Hamlet  (4to,  1603; 
the  folio  misprints  "  prattlings  ")  :  — 

"  I  have  heard  of  your  paintings  too,  well  enough : 
God  hath  given  you  one  face,  and  you  make  yourselves 
another." — Hamlet,  Act  III.  Sc.  1. 

JOHN  ADDIS. 

CHIEF  BARON  EDWARD  WIIXES  :  JUDGE  ED- 
WARD WILLES  (3rd  S.  i.  487;  iv.  318.)  —  I  am 
much  obliged  by  MR.  STEVENS'S  reference  to 
Beatson's  Political  Index,  where  it  is  noted  that 
the  Irish  Chief  Baron  was  made,  in  1766,  Solici- 
tor-General in  England,  and  afterwards  a  judge 
of  the  Court  of  King's  Bench  at  Westminster. 
But  Beatson  is  not  to  be  relied  upon  as  an 
authority,  though  the  statement  is  repeated  in 
Haydn's  edition  of  Beatson  (1851);  and  in 
Smvth's  Law  Officers  of  Ireland  (1839). 

The  dates  of  the  Chief  Baron's  resignation,  and 


3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  7,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


379 


of  the  Solicitor- General's  appointment,  are  no 
doubt  curiously  coincident ;  but,  independently  of 
the  improbability  of  a  retired  chief  baron  of  one 
country  taking  an  office  at  the  bar  of  another,  all 
uncertainty  is  removed  by  the  fact  that  the  Chief 
Baron  died  July,  1768  (see  Gent.  Mag.  xxxviii. 
349),  while  the  Judge  of  the  King's  Bench  re- 
mained in  existence  till  January,  1787,  nearly 
twenty  years  after.  The  Irish  Chief  Baron,  I  am 
informed,  was  considered  to  have  been  the  head  of 
the  family,  of  which  Chief  Justice  Willes  and  his 
son  Edward,  the  Judge,  belonged  to  a  junior 
branch.  EDWARD  Foss. 

SEPTUAOINT  (3rd  S.  iv.  307.)  —  According  to 
Eichhorn  (Einleitung,  s.  178)  the  Greek  commu- 
nities of  Palestine  canonized  the  hexaplarian 
recension  of  the  Alexandrine  version,  those  of 
Egypt,  the  recension  of  Hesychius,  and  those  which 
extend  from  Antioch  to  Constantinople,  the  re- 
cension of  Lucian.  To  this  I  may  add,  that  such 
of  the  Greeks  as  have  admitted  the  supremacy  of 
the  Bishop  of  Rome,  would  be  bound  by  the  edi- 
tion of  Sixtus  V.  AD.  1587.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

PAPA  AND  MAMMA  (3rd  S.  iv.  306.)— It  is  not 
correct  to  say  that  we  derive  these  words  from  the 
Greek ;  but  it  may  be  safely  stated  that  we,  as 
well  as  the  Greeks,  derived  them  from  a  common 
source.  What  that  source  is  cannot  be  certainly 
affirmed  in  the  present  state  of  comparative  philo- 
logy; but  we  have  in  Sanscrit  pitar,  "father," 
and  papus,  "  nourisher,"  as  derivative  from  the 
verb  pa,  "to  nourish,  to  support;"  also  in  San- 
scrit matar,  "mother,"  a  derivative  of  the  verb 
ma,  "to  expand,  to  measure."  The  usual  practice, 
and  not  etymology,  determines  the  mode  of  spell- 
ing. T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

EGLANTINE  (3rd  S.  iv.  305.)  —  Milton's  error 
in  giving  this  name  to  the  honeysuckle  instead  of 
the  sweetbriar-rose,  is  pointed  out  in  the  Penny 
Cyclopaedia  (art.  "  Eglantine.")  In  French  eglan- 
tine is  the  wild  rose ;  aiglantier  and  eglantier,  mean 
sweetbriar ;  in  English  hep-tree ,  and  in  German 
hagebuttenstrauch  mean  the  wild  or  dog-rose  as 
well  as  sweetbriar.  Sir  Walter  Scott  appears 
also  to  be  in  error,  according  to  Anne  Pratt 
(Flowers  and  their  Associations,  p.  131),  in  apply- 
ing the  name  eglantine  "  to  that  luxuriant  creeper 
the  traveller's  joy,  or  wild  clematis,  or  virgin's 
bower,  which  is  commonly,  though  erroneously, 
termed  eglantine."  She  says,  "  the  true  eglantine 
of  the  older  writers  is,  however,  the  prickly  sweet- 
briar,  which  so  often  forms  a  hedge  for  our  gar- 
dens, pouring  upon  the  breeze  the  delicious  odour 
that  resides  in  the  herbage  as  much  as  in  the  blos- 
soms. It  is  the  Rosa  ntbiginosa  of  modern  bota- 
nists, and  the  Rosa  eglanteria  of  the  olden  time." 

It  is  to  this  Shakspeare  refers  :  — 
"  And  leaf  of  eglantine,  whom,  not  to  slander, 
Outsweeten'd  not  thy  breath." 


Spenser  and  Shakspeare  call  the  honeysuckle  (our 
woodbine)  caprifole.  It  is  still  named  by  botanists 
caprifolium.  Drummond,  following  the  French, 
means  by  eglantine,  the  wild  rose  :  so  does  Walter 
Scott,  perhaps. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

The  eglantine  is  undoubtedly  the  sweetbriar 
(Rosa  rubiginosa.)  Its  derivation  from  the  French 
word  aiglantier  proves  this  beyond  dispute.  When 
Milton  spoke  of  the  "twisted  eglantine"  he  no 
doubt  meant  the  honeysuckle  ;  but  poets  are  not 
always  botanists,  and  the  probability  is  that  he 
made  a  mistake,  and  confounded  one  plant  with 
another.  I  think  we  should  search  in  vain  for 
any  period  when  the  word  eglantine  was  first  used 
for  the  honeysuckle  ;  for  I  cannot  consider  that  it 
ever  was  so  used,  except  from  an  imperfect  ac- 
quaintance with  botanical  names,  which  is  very 
common,  and  very  excusable.  I  am  inclined  to 
think  that  Wither,  in  the  lines]  quoted,  falls  into  a 
similar  confusion  by  speaking  of  the  woodbine, 
when  he  in  reality  means  the  bindweed.  He  calls 
the  woodbine  fair,  an  epithet  very  appropriate  to 
the  bindweed  with  its  snow-white  flowers,  but  not 
at  all  to  the  honeysuckle.  The  "  sharp-scent " 
would  apply  equally  to  the  sweetbriar  and  honey- 
suckle. F.  C.  H. 

DERIVATION  OF  PAMPHLET  (3rd  S.  iv.  315.)  — 
I  am  decidedly  in  favour  of  the  derivation  from 
par  un  filet.  It  is  very  unlikely  that  recourse  was 
had  to  the  Greek  for  the  composition  of  such  a 
word ;  and  attempts  to  trace  familiar  names  in 
our  language  to  learned  sources  always  reminds 
me  of  Person's  immortal  derivation  of  pancake 
from  Ttav  Kan6v,  because  that  dish  had  disagreed 
with  him.  A  French  abbe,  many  years  ago,  told 
me  that  the  word  pamphlet  was  derived  from  par 
un  filet.  He  was  a  shrewd  well-educated  man, 
and  he  said  this  as  a  matter  of  course,  and  without 
any  idea  that  any  other  derivation  was  even 
dreamt  of.  What  after  all  was  more  natural  than 
for  a  few  leaves  stitched  together  by  a  thread  to 
be  called  par  un  filet,  or  for  those  three  words  to 
subside  into  the  English  word,  pamphlet? 

F.  C.  H. 

Dr.  Ash,  in  his  Dictionary,  8vo,  1775,  gives  the 
following :  — 

Pamphlet,  s.  from  the  French  pas,  without,  and  filet,  a 
band,  a  small  book  unbound." 

J.  W. 

Let  me  tell  BIBLIOTHECAR.  CHETHAM.  that 
pamphlet  was  spelled  by  Caxton  paunfiet,  and  in 
that  form  was  supposed  to  be  derived  from  the 
Latin  paginafilata.  JUVENIS. 

FRANCIS  BURLEIGH  (3rd  S.  iv.  228,  314)  was 
matriculated  as  a  sizar  of  Catharine  Hall  in  March, 
1578-9,  but  subsequently  migrated  to  Pembroke 
Hall,  where  he  was  one  of  Dr.  Watts's  Greek 


380 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[3r<1  S.  IV.  Nov.  7,  '63. 


scholars,  proceeding  B.A.  as  a  member  of  the 
latter  house,  1582-3,  and  commencing  M.A.  1587. 
He  was  created  D.D.  1607,  and  became  one  of 
the  Fellows  of  Chelsea  College  May  8,  1610. 

Dr.  Andrew  Byng  died  at  Winterton  in  Nor- 
folk, in  March,  1651-2.  He  was  a  native  of  Cam- 
bridge, and  there  is  a  memoir  of  him  in  Cooper's 
Annals  of  Cambridge,  iii.  448.  About  1605  there 
was  a  decree  of  the  Chapter  of  York  to  keep  a 
residentiary's  place  for  Andrew  Byng,  as  he  was 
then  occupied  in  translating  the  Bible.  (Drake's 
Eboracum,  App.  p.  Ixxvii.) 

Francis  Dillingham  matriculated  as  a  pensioner 
of  Christ's  College  in  June  1583  ;  became  B.A. 
1586-7,  was  elected  a  Fellow,  and  in  1590  com- 
menced M.A. ;  he  proceeded  B.D.  1599.  He  died 
unmarried,  but  at  what  time  we  have  not  ascer- 
tained. It  is  probable  that  the  registers  of  Dean 
or  Wilden  may  supply  the  information.  As  to 
him  see  Fuller's  Worthies,  ed.  1840,  i.  170.  We 
have  the  titles  of  eight  theological  works  published 
by  him  from  1599  to  1606. 

Thomas  Harrison.  —  This  learned  and  esti- 
mable person  was  Vice-Master  (not  Master)  of 
Trinity^  College.  He  died  in  July  1631,  and  was 
buried  in  the  college  chapel.  As  to  him  see  Har- 
rison Honoratus  by  Caleb  Dalechamp,  Camb.  8vo. 
1632  ;  and  Duport's  Musce  Subsecivee,  497. 

Geoffrey  King,  elected  from  Eton  to  King's 
College  in  1583,  was  Regius  Professor  of  Hebrew 
(1607),  vicar  of  Lancaster,  and  chaplain  to  Arch- 
bishop Bancroft.  His  name  occurs  in  the  Com- 
mission for  Causes  Ecclesiastical  within  the  Pro- 
vince of  York,  issued  July  1,  1625.  We  hope  the 
inquiries  of  X.  Y.  Z.,  with  the  little  information 
we  are  enabled  to  give  respecting  him,  may  elicit 
the  date  of  his  death. 

Edward  Lively  was  buried  at  St.  Edward's  in 
Cambridge,  May  7,  1605.  See  a  memoir  of  him 
in  Athen.  Cantabr.  ii.  407,  554. 

Michael  Rabbett  was  of  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge, whereto  he  was  elected  from  Westminster 
School  in  1571.  He  held  the  vicarage  of  Streat- 
ham,  in  Surrey,  for  forty-six  years,  and  died 
February  5,  1630-1,  aged  seventy-eight.  He  was 
also  rector  of  St.  Vedast,  Foster  Lane,  London, 
from  1603  to  1617. 

Robert  Spalding.  —  A  brief  account  of  him  will 
be  found  in  Athen.  Cantabr.  ii.  479.  We  have  not 
met  with  anything  which  induces  us  to  doubt  the 
accuracy  of  our  supposition  that  he  died  in  1607, 
when  his  office  of  Regius  Professor  of  Hebrew  be- 
came vacant. 

Richard  Thompson.  —  This  very  learned  man 
(commonly  called  Dutch  Thompson)  was  Fellow 
of  Clare  Hall,  and  was  presented  by  Bishop  An- 
drewes  to  the  rectory  of  Snailwell  in  Cambridge- 
shire. He  was  buried  at  St.  Edward's,  Cambridge, 
Jan.  8,  1612-13.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 


DATES  (3rd  S.  iv.  248,  300,  &c.)  —  Sandford,  in 
his  Genealogical  History,  p.  81,  speaks  of  the  be- 
trothal of  John  Lackland  to  Alice  of  Maurienne 
as  having  taken  place  in  the  month  of  February, 
1173.  I  suppose  that,  according  to  modern  com- 
putation, this  would  be  February,  1174. 

The  death  of  William  Earl  of  Gloucester  has 
been  rightly  assigned  by  two  of  your  correspon- 
dents to  the  year  1183.  The  date  1173  is  to  be 
found  in  Dugdale's  Baronage,  vol.  i.  536.  But  it 
is  evident  from  the  context  that  this  was  merely 
an  error  of  the  press.  MELETES. 

SIR  ROGER  WILBRAHAM  (2nC  S.  xii.  70,  138.) — 
The  following  particulars  in  reference  to  this  Che- 
shire worthy  are  at  the  service  of  the  MESSRS. 
COOPER.  Sir  Roger  Wilbraham  of  Bridgmore  was 
born  in  or  about  1553,  as  he  was  in  his  fiftieth  year 
when  his  portrait,  still  existing  at  Delamere 
House  in  this  county,  was  painted  in  1602.  He 
was  admitted  of  Gray's  Inn  in  1586. 

The  following  memorandum  under  his  father's 
hand  gives  the  date  of  his  appointment  as  Irish 
Solicitor-General :  — 

"  That  Roger  Wilbraham,  my  son,  being  appointed  her 
Matie"  Solycitor  general  for  the  realme  of  Ireland,  the 
vijj01  of  Februarie,  1585,  did  take  his  jorney  towards  the 
same  realme  from  Namptwiche  the  iij  of  March,  1585, 
and  in  the  xxviijth  year  of  the  reigne  of  our  most  gracious 
ladye  Queene  Elizabeth,  whom  I  beseeche  God  longe  to 
p'serve  in  helth,  welth,  joy  and  felycitie,  and  prosper  and 
blesse  hym  in  this  her  Matics  servyce.  Amen." 

The  same  authority  goes  on  to  say  :  — 
"  Upon  the  ascension  of  or  Lorde,  being  the  firste  day 
of  Maye,  1600,  and  in  the  xiijtuyear  of  her  Matic,  it  pleased 
her  grace  to  bestow  upon  my  son  Roger  Wilbraham  the 
offyce  to  be  one  of  the  Maysters  of  Requestes.  God  p'serve 
her  highness,  and  give  him  grace  for  to  serve  hym  and 
her  Matic  to  God  his  glory  and  her  lykyng.  Amen."  .  .  . 
.  .  "  My  sayd  son  was  maryede  in  Jauuarie  last  past  before 

the  date  heroff  in  a°  1&99." "Marie  Wilbraham, 

daughter  of  my  saj'd  son  Roger  Wilbraham,  was  borne  at 
Sainte  John's  "in  Smythfylde  the  seventh  day  of  October, 
1600,  A°  Regius  Elizabeth  xiij." 

A  pedigree  of  Randle  Holme's  names  his  daugh- 
ter Katherine  as  the  wife  of  Sir  Thomas  Delves, 
but  this  is  manifestly  an  error.  Sir  Thomas  mar- 
ried the  mother,  and  Sir  Henry  (his  son)  the 
daughter,  as  is  clearly  set  forth  in  the  pedigree 
still  extant  in  the  College  of  Arms. 

The  date  of  Sir  Roger's  death  is  variously  stated, 
the  MESSRS.  COOPER  giving  it  as  July  19,  1G16. 
The  portrait  already  referred  to  has  inscribed 
thereon,  "obiit  xii  Julii,  1610  ;  "  but  there  exists 
at  Delamere  House  a  MS.  note  by  Mr.  Thomas 
Wilbraham  (nephew  of  Sir  Roger)  to  the  effect 
that  "  Sir  Roger  Wilbraham,  my  uncle,  one  of  the 
Masters  of  Requests,  and  Survayor  of  the  Court 
of  Wards,  died  the  last  of  July,  1616." 

The  MESSRS.  COOPER  will  know  better  than  I 
i  do  whether  Sir  Roger  published  any  legal  or  other 
|  works ;  but,  I  may  add,  that  there  is  at  Delamere 


S.  IV.  Nov.  7,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


381 


a  MS.  volume  of  his,  apparently  written  with 
much  care,  consisting  of  an  "  Abridgment  of 
Dyer,"  and  other  like  matters.  T.  HUGHES. 

Chester. 

SHERIDAN'S  GREEK  (3rd  S.  iii.  209,  456.) — FITZ- 
HOPKINS  will  find  the  anecdote  he  is  in  search  of 
given  correctly  in  Selections  Grave  and  Gay  by  T. 
de  Quincy,  vol.  ii.  p.  41 .  Lord  Belgrave's  quotation 
was  from  Demosthenes,  "  Greek  being  as  contrary 
to  the  usages  of  the  House  as  Persic  or  Telinga." 
Sheridan  merely  rose  immediately  after,  and  gave 
a  slightly  paraphrased  line  from  the  Iliad — "  TOV 
8'  a.Trafj.fip6/j.fvos  irpoffetpr]  Sheridanios  ?ipws." 

M.  E.  P. 

QUOTATION  WANTED  :  ST.  CHRYSOSTOM  (3rd  S. 
iii.  249.)  —  The  passage  seems  to  be  a  favourite 
with  church  builders.  It  occurs  in 

« A  Discourse  of  St.  Chrysostom,  Greek  and  English, 
with  a  Sermon  on  Behalf  of  the  Church-building  Society ; 
preached  in  Harrow  School  Chapel  by  Christopher  Words- 
worth, D.D.  London,  1843. 

'H\//co/>  yap  fffriv  (5e?i/  irpeff&vrepov  els  fMva  /3o8i- 
foi'Ta  rov  'A.€pad/jL  iro\ibv,  dpefwer/xeVoj',  /ral  ffKdirrovra, 
KO.I  avrovpyovvral  ri  rov  aypov  iro8fiv6repov  tKfivov, 
tinavOa.  ^uv  f)  aper-f,,  K.  T.  \.  (P.  18.)  E.  E".  H. 

EELS  (3rd  S.  iv.  305.)  —  Your  correspondent, 
W.  H.,  seeks  chapter  and  verse  for  T<j>  Qpitf  ri)v 
*7XfAw.  I  am  afraid  it  is  no  great  help  that  I  can 
give ;  yet  it  may  be  worth  while  to  refer  him  to 
Leutchs  Parcemiographi  Graci,  vol.  i.  p.  316, 
Diog.  Cent.  viii.  55,  where  the  phrase  is  quoted, 
with  the  explanation,  r$  epitf  ri/v  fjxf^v"  '•  Opiov,  ri 
<J>uAAoi/  rrjs  o-wojs'  rpaxv  Top  effriv,  at  ot  £yx6'*6i*  °A(- 
aOripai'  irpbs  rb  \a.n/3dvfiv  ovv  auras  Ka.rd\\-r\\ov  SoKf?. 

The  same  proverb  and  explanation  occurs,  totidem 
verbis,  in  vol.  ii.  of  the  same  collection.  (Apot 
xix.  76.)  But  on  neither  do  I  find  any  note  or 
comment,  so  that  I  conclude  the  editors  could  not 
trace  the  quotation.  Referring  to  Erasmi  Adagia, 
I  find  the  proverb  "  Anguillam  captare,"  and  the 
reference  to  the  Equites  for  (fyx&eis  6ripa(r8ai,  but 
that  is  another  matter  entirely.  I  have  looked  at 
Pareus,  Lambinus,  Weiss,  Gronovius,  Bothe,  Rit- 
schel,  and  at  Thornton's  translation,  for  any  note  on 
"Anguilla  'st:  elabitur"  (Pseudolus,n.  iv. 57)  which 
might  throw  light  on  the  proverb  in  question,  but 
in  vain.  In  Gesner's  Thesaurus,  1.  c.  there  is  this 
remark  on  the  passage  of  Plautus, — "  Dictum  per 
metaphoram.  Qua  figura  etiam  dicunt  'Anguil- 
lam cauda  tenere '  de  iis  qui  sunt  lubrica  fide." 

J.  D. 

Notwithstanding  appearances  to  the  contrary, 
I  am  disposed  to  think  your  correspondent  will 
find  very  few  local  names  derived  from  "  eels." 
Aalborg  may  be  an  exception.  The  vocables  al, 
el,  ell,  hoi,  hul,  ill,  ol,  ul,  found  in  British  local 
names,  in  ninety-nine  cases  out  of  a  hundred,  de- 
note that  they  are  or  were  originally  situated  near 


water.  These  vocables  are  the  inverse  of  the 
Celtic  Hi  (a  flood,  flux,  stream),  which  is  found 
corrupted,  extended,  or  inversed,  in  at  least  a 
thousand  local  names,  not  only  in  Great  Britain, 
but  also  in  continental  Europe. 

R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 

With  respect  to  W.  H.'s  inquiry  after  epigrams 
on  the  subject  of  eels,  &c.,  I  would  refer  him  to 
the  Emblematists,  the  modern  father  of  whom  ha? 
left  us  the  following :  — 

"IN  DEPKENSUM. 

"  Jamdudum  quocunque  fugis  te  persequor,  at  nunc 

Cassibus  in  nostris  deniquB  captus  ades. 

Amplius  hand  poteris  vires  eludere  nostras, 

Ficulno  anguillam  strinximus  in  folio." 

And.  Alciati  Emblem.     From  ed.  of  1540. 

J.  S.  C. 

LORD  KIRKCUDBRIGHT  (3rd  S.  iv.  229,  312.) — 
Sir  Bernard  Burke  in  his  Family  Romance,  thus 
mentions  Lord  Kirkcudbright :  — 

"William  M'Clellan,  Lord  Kirkcudbright,  father  of 
John,  seventh  Lord,  whose  right  was  confirmed  by  a  de- 
cision of  the  House  of  Lords  in  1773,  followed  the  occupa- 
tion of  a  glover  in  Edinburgh,  and  for  many  years  used 
to  stand  in  the  lobby  of  the  Assembly  Booms  "in  the  Old 
Town,  selling  gloves  to  gentlemen  frequenting  that  place 
of  amusement,  who,  according  to  the  fashionable  etiquette 
of  that  period,  required  a  new  pair'of  gloves  at  every  new 
dance.  His  lordship  never  absented  himself  from  his  post 
on  any  occasion,  except  at  the  ball  which  followed  the 
election  of  a  representative  peer,  and  then  only  did  he 
assume  the  garb  of  a  gentleman,  and,  doffing  his  apron, 
became  one  of  a  company,  the  most  of  whom  he  usually 
served  vith  his  merchandise  the  rest  of  the  year." 

P.O. 

COWTHORPE  OAK  (3rd  S.  iv.  69,  238.)  —Your 
correspondent's  query  as  to  the  present  state  of 
the  Cowthorpe  Oak  not  having  been  fully  an- 
swered, I  beg  to  say  that  the  "  king  of  oaks," 
although  quite  hollow  in  the  trunk,  still  covers  a 
large  space  of  ground  with  its  branches,  and  bears 
a  good  quantity  of  foliage  :  standing  in  a  croft  or 
small  field  adjoining  a  farm  house,  and  near  the 
church  of  Cowthorpe,  are  in  favour  of  its  protec- 
tion. The  leading  branch  fell  by  a  storm  in  the 
year  1718,  which  being  measured  with  accuracy, 
was  found  to  contain  five  tons  and  two  feet  of 
wood.  LV*bre  this  accidental  mutilation  it  is  said 
to  have  extended  its  shade  over  half  an  acre  of 

ground.     Montague,  Esq.,  of  Ingraanthorpe 

Hall,  near  Wetherby,  the  owner  of  the  estate 
on  which  the  oak  stands,  has  a  table  brilliantly 
polished,  made  from  the  wood  of  a  fallen  portion. 
The  box  in  which  the  freedom  of  the  city  of  York 
was  presented  to  Lord  Brougham  is  made  of  Cow- 
thorpe oak.  H.  L. 

BAPTISM  OF  BELLS  (3rd  S.  iv.  246.)— I  beg 
leave  to  draw  the  attention  of  MR.  MORRIS  to  two 
interesting  papers  by  1'Abbe  Corblet  in  La  Revue 
de  fArt  Chretien  for  February  and  March,  1857, 
entitled  "  Notice  Historique  et  Liturgique  sur  les 


382 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'<»  S.  IV.  Nov.  7,  '63. 


Cloches."     One  or  two  brief  extracts  will  answer 
some  of  his  inquiries:  — 

"  Apres  que  le  celebrant  a  verse  dans  1'eau,  en  forme  de 
croix,  le  sel,  symbole  de  la  sagesse  chretienne,  et  1'huile 
sainte  des  cat&humenes,  embleme  de  la  douceur  des  ver- 
tus  e'vangeliques,  les  assistants  chantent  les  pseaumes 
148  et  150." 

"Maintenant  que  la  cloche  est  ointe  et  be'nite,  elle 
pent  recevoir  les  honneurs  de  1'incens,  dont  la  vapeur 
parfume'e  est  1'embletne  des  hommages  qu'un  cceur  bru- 
lant  de  charite'  doit  faire  monter  vers  le  ciel." 

"  On  donne  ordinairement  le  nom  de  bapteme  a  la  be'ne- 
diction  des  cloches.  Ce  mot  est  parfaitement  juste,  sous 
le  rapport  etymologique,  mais  il  est  tout  &  fait  impropre 
dans  le  sens  theologique.  Aussi  I'e'glise  ne  1'a  jamais 
employed" 

I  wish  to  add  a  query.  M.  Corblet  says  that 
the  most  ancient  bell  in  England  is  probably  one 
which  has  recently  come  down  from  the  belfry  of 
a  church  in  Cornwall.  It  bore  the  inscription, 
"  Alfredus  Rex."  It  is  supposed  that  it  was  given 
to  that  church  by  Alfred  the  Great  (871-900.) 
What  is  the  bell  to  which  the  abbe  refers  ? 

While  on  the  subject  of  bells,  I  may  subjoin  a 
cutting  from  the  Daily  News  of  this  day  (October 
12th)  with  a  query  as  to  its  truth  :  — 

"An  interesting  archaeological  discovery  has  just  been 
made  at  Ornolac,  near  Ussat-les-Bains  ("Ariege),  France. 
On  taking  down  a  bell  to  make  certain  repairs  in  the 
steeple  of  the  church,  it  was  found  to  bear  the  date  of 
1079,  and  must  consequently  be  one  of  the  oldest  bells 
in  Christendom.  It  is  the  only  one  left  of  three  which 
the  church  possessed  before  the  first  revolution,  when  the 
other  two  were  destroyed." 

JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WOHKARD,  M.A. 

RING  POSIES  (3rd  S.  iv.  243.)  — 
'Tis  in  your  will  to  save  or  kill. 
If  you  but  consent,  you  shall  not  repent. 
Knit  in  one  by  X*  alone. 
If  love  I  finde  I  will  bee  kinde. 
In  thee  my  choyse  how  I  reioyce. 
As  God  decreed,  so  wee  agreed. 
God  aboue  encrease  or  love. 
As  God  appoynted  I  am  cOtented. 
Take  hand  and  heart,  ile  nere  depart. 
Live  and  dye  in  constancy. 
A  vertuous  wife  y*  serveth  life. 
As  long  as  life  your  loving  wife. 
I  will  be  yours  while  breath  indures. 
Love  is  sure  where  faith  is  pure. 
A  vertuous  wife  doth  banish  strife. 

Double  Posies. 

As  God  hath  knit  our  hearts  in  one, 
Let  nothing  part  but  death  alone. 
As  God  hath  made  my  choyse  in  thee, 
So  move  thy  heart  to  comfort  mee. 
God  y*  hath  kept  thy  heart  for  mee 
Grant  that  our  love  may  faithfull  bee. 
God  our  love  continue  ever 
That  we  in  heaven  may  live  together. 
The  eye  did  find,  y*  heart  did  chuse, 
The  hand  doth  bind,  till  death  doth  loose. 


First  feare  ye  Lord,  then  rest  content, 
So  shall  wee  live  and  not  repent. 
Divinely  knit  by  grace  are  wee, 
Late  two,  now  one,  yc  pledge  here  see 
Breake  not  thy  vow  to  please  the  eye, 
But  keepe  thy  love  so  live  and  dye. 

Prose. 

I  am  sent  to  salute  you  from  a  faithfull  friend. 
Desire  hath  no  rest. 
This  and  my  heart. 
Acceptance  is  my  comfort. 
Too  light  to  requite. 

THOMAS  Q.  COUCH. 

PHRASES  :  GHOST  STORY  (3rd  S.  iii.  70.)  — 
"  He  saw  that  the  boots  were  empty, 
And  knew  that  the  wearer  was  dead." 

"  VOM  MADCHEN  UND  IHREM  FREIER. — Ein  Madchen 
hatte  einen  Freier,  und  der  Freier  starb.  Nachdem  das 
Madchen  ihn  einige  Wochen  betrauert  hatte,  ging  sie 
zum  Tanze  mit  einer  ihrer  Kameradinnen,  der  auch  der 
Brautigam  gestorben  war.  Ihr  Weg  fuhrte  sie  an  dem 
Begrabnisplatze  vorbei ;  und  als  sie  vor  dem  BegrSbnis- 
platze  standen,  sagten  sie  '  Steht  auf,  ihr  Briider !  wer 
wird  uns  sonst  zum  Tanze  fiihren  ?'  Als  sie  am  Ende  Weges 
gegangen  waren,  da  standen  die  beiden  Todten  auf  und 
verfolgten  sie.  Kaum  waren  sie  in  die  Stube,  wo  getanzt 
ward,  eingetreten,  da  kamen  auch  jene  beiden  herein  und 
fiihrten  sie  zum  Tanze.  Beim  Tanzen  traten  die  Mad- 
chen jenen  MSnnern  auf  die  Fiisse,  und  da  merkten  sie, 
dass  die  Stiefel  leer  seien,  und  so  wussten  sie  dass  sie  mit 
verstorbenen  tanzteti.  Die  Todten  aber  schwenkten  die 
Madchen  so,  dass  sie  fast  zu  Tode  tanzten." — Litauische 
Marchen,  Sprichworte,  Ratsel,  und  Lieder,  von  August 
Schleicher,  p.  34,  Weimar,  1857,  8vo,  pp.  244. 

The  maidens  were  at  much  trouble  in  getting 
free  from  their  dead  lovers,  and  hid  themselves 
behind  the  stove  of  an  old  woman,  who  was  sitting 
up  to  spin  flax.  The  dead  men  came  to  the  door, 
and  asked  for  the  two  young  women  whom  they  had 
tracked.  The  old  woman  persuaded  them  to  sit 
down,  and  listen  to  a  history  of  flax  from  its  being 
sown  to  its  conversion  into  paper.  Before  she  had 
done,  the  cock  crew,  and  the  dead  men  departed. 

FITZHOPKINS. 

Paris. 

HEATH  BEER  (3rd  S.  iv.229, 310.)— If  the  whole 
heath  must  be  explored,  we  cannot  forget  Crofton 
Croker's  Fairy  Legends  (2nd  ed.  180),  in  which 
Tom  Fitzpatrick  and  the  Cluricaune  discourse  as 
follows  :  — 

" «  Beer ! '  said  Tom :  '  Thunder  and  fire,  where  did  3'ou 
get  it  ?  ' — '  Where  did  I  get  it,  is  it  ?  Why  I  made  it.  And 
what  do  you  think  I  made  it  of?  '— '  Devil  a  one  of  me 
knows,  but  of  malt,  I  suppose;  what  else?  ' — "Tis  there 
you're  out.  I  made  it  of  heath.' — '  Of  heath !  Now,  you 
don't  think  me  to  be  such  a  fool  as  to  believe  that  ?  ' — 
'  Do  as  you  please,  but  what  I  tell  you  is  the  truth.  Did 
you  never  hear  tell  of  the  Danes?  ' — '  And  that  I  did; 
weren't  them  the  fellows  we  gave  such  a  licking  when 
they  thought  to  take  Limerick  from  us?  ' — 'Hem ! '  said 
the  little  man  drily,  'is  that  all  you  know  about  the  mat- 
ter.'—' But  what  about  them  Danes  ?  '— '  Why  all  the 
about  them  there  is,  is  that  when  they  were  here  they 


S.  IV.  Xov.  7,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


383 


taught  us  how  to  make  beer  out  of  the  heath,  and  the 
secret's  in  my  family  ever  since.' " 

Mr.  Croker  says,  in  a  note,  that  it  is  a  generally 
received  tradition  in  the  south  of  Ireland  that  the 
Danes  manufactured  a  kind  of  intoxicating  beer 
from  the  heath.  A.  DE  MORGAN. 

The  Irish  legend  is  similar  to  the  Pictish  and 
other  traditions  mentioned  by  your  learned  corre- 
spondents. The  secret  of  the  manufacture,  after 
the  expulsion  of  the  Danes  consequent  upon  the 
decisive  battle  of  Clontarf,  remained  with  three 
survivors,  a  father  and  two  sons.  The  father, 
being  threatened  with  torture  to  compel  him  to 
divulge,  replied  that  his  sons  would  kill  him  if  he 
did  so.  That  obstacle  was  effectually  removed 
by  the  execution  of  the  sons ;  and  then  the 
father  exclaimed,  "Now  my  purpose  is  accom- 
plished !  Youth  might  have  quailed  before  the  fear 
of  death,  and  played  the  traitor ;  but  age  has  no 
such  terror,"  and  so  heroically  submitted  to  exe- 
cution, the  secret  perishing  with  him. 

Shallow  receptacles  of  broken  stone,  partially 
calcined,  are  occasionally  found  in  secluded  moun- 
tain districts ;  and  these  are  believed  to  be  the 
ancient    brewing   vats,    Hibernice,    Fualacta   na  \ 
Feinnc ;  i.  e.  the  cooking  hearths  of  the  Fenians. 
The  bitter  herb  mixed  with  the  wort,  as  pointed  | 
out  to  me  by  the  Irish   peasantry  some  twenty  j 
years  ago,  was  the  bennet  (Geum  urbanum),  termed 
Minaria — a  word  which  I  have  failed  to  trace 
in  any  of  the  Celtic  glossaries.     In  Denmark  the 
myrica  (Pars')  was  rather  used  for  the  purpose  of 
giving  the  liquor  an  aromatic   flavour ;    so  that 
the  "  potus  cerealis,  vulgo  biera,  Latine  cerevisia," 
alluded  to  by  Ion  Isaac  Pontanus  in  his  Daniae 
Description  was  commonly  termed  Pors-ol. 

J.  L. 

Dublin. 

Although  your  seven  other  correspondents  on 
this  subject  speak  of  heath-beer  as  "a  fabled  tra- 
dition," yet  an  eighth  correspondent  says  that  he 
has  "  drunk  it  within  these  last  four  years  in  the 
Lammermoors."  Pennant  in  his  Voyage  to  the 
Hebrides,  p.  229,  mentions  heather-ale,  and  says 
that  the  proportions  were  two-thirds  of  the  plant 
to  one  of  hops,  hops  being  sometimes  added.  Mr. 
Weld,  in  his  Two  Months  in  the  Highlands,  p.  83, 
says,  "although  the  art  of  brewing  the  Pictish 
heather-ale  is  lost,  old  grouse-shooters  have  tasted 
a  beverage  prepared  by  shepherds  on  the  moors, 
principally  from  heather-flowers,  though  honey  or 
sugar,  to  produce  fermentation,  was  added."  Mac- 
cullocb,  in  his  Highlands  and  Western  Isles  (iii.  p. 
333),  denies  that  there  was  ever  such  a  beverage 
as  heather- ale ;  though  he  says  that  the  heath 
flowers  may  have  been  added  to  the  malt  for  the 
purpose  of  giving  it  flavour.  Boece's  Pictish 
legend  is  therefore  assumed  to  be  a  mythic  narra- 
tive :  and  we  are  not  to  believe  that  — 


"  The  Picts  were  undone,  cut  off,  mother's  son, 

For  not  teaching  the  Scots  to  brew  heather  ale." 
(See  also  Glencreggan:  or  a  Highland  Home  in 
Cantire,  i.  363.)  CUTHBERT  BEDE. 

LIEUT. -GENERAL  JOHN  ADLERCRON  (3rd  S.  iv. 
304.)  —  It  may  interest  your  correspondent  to 
know  that  the  officer  in  question  was  commissioned 
as  Major-General  on  May  16, 1758,  and  as  Lieut. - 
General  on  December  18,  1760.  Vide  Beatson. 

D.  M.  STEVENS. 

An  officer  of  this  name  became  Colonel  of  the 
present  Thirty-ninth  Regiment  in  March  1752, 
with  which  he  embarked  for  India.  In  1756, 
when  a  portion  of  his  corps  was  ordered  to  pro- 
ceed from  Madras  to  reinforce  the  celebrated 
Lt.-Colonel  Clive,  he  claimed  the  command,  but 
it  was  ruled  that  he  should  remain  at  Madras. 
Colonel  John  Adlercron  commanded  the  force 
sent  in  May,  1757,  to  relieve  Trichinopoly,  and 
was  actively  engaged  against  Wandewash.  In  the 
following  year  he  was  promoted  Major-General, 
and  in  December,  1760,  was  advanced  to  the  rank 
of  Lt.-General.  He  died  in  July,  1766.  I  have 
not  been  able  to  obtain  information  about  his 
family.  THOMAS  CARTER. 

Horse  Guards. 

CRYPT  AT  ST.  PETER'S  IN  THE  EAST,  OXFORD 
(3rd  S.  iv.  307.)  —  A  correspondent  signing  him- 
self X.  X.  asks  about  the  crypt  in  St.  Peter's  in 
the  East,  Oxford.  Within  the  last  year  it  has  been 
explored  by  the  Oxford  Architectural  Society, 
who  came  to  the  conclusion  that  there  were  two 
side  passages  leading  from  the  crypt  to  the  west, 
and  the  staircases  were  found  leading  up  into  the 
two  aisles.  As  regards  the  deep  recess  walled  up 
at  the  end,  they  found  upon  breaking  through  the 
wall,  that  the  side  walls  and  end  wall  were  of  the 
same  date,  the  stones  of  one  forming  part  of  the 
other,  and  the  side  walls  extending  no  further. 
There  were  present,  however,  several  old  inha- 
bitants of  the  parish,  who  said  that  they  could  re- 
member when  there  was  no  end  wall,  but  a  door 
with  a  passage  beyond,  and  they  had  themselves 
been  some  considerable  distance  along  the  passage. 
At  present  the  space  beyond  the  wall  which  was 
broken  through  is  filled  with  earth.  A.  D.  T. 

Merton  College. 

THRAVES  (3rd  S.  iv.  290.)  — 

.  "  A  daimen  icker  in  a  thrave, 

'S  a  sma'  request,"  &c. 

(See  Burns's  Lines  to  a  Mouse.') 

Dr.  Jamieson,  in  his  Scottish  Dictionary,  explains 
the  primary  meaning  of  thrave,  or  thraif,  to  be 
twenty-four  sheaves  of  corn,  including  two  stooks 
or  shocks.  A  secondary  meaning  is  a  multitude, 
a  considerable  number.  Dr.  Jamieson  gives  fur- 
ther illustrations  of  the  meaning  from  the  northern 
languages.  J-  MACRAT. 


384 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  IV.  Xov.  7,  '63. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

A  Chronicle  of  England,  B.C.  55,  A.D.  1485.  Written 
and  illustrated  by  James  E.  Doyle.  The  Designs  en- 
graved and  printed  in.  Colours  by  Edmund  Evans. 
(Longman.) 

To  discover  a  novelty  for  a  Christmas  Book  is  no  easy 
matter — yet  this  is  what  Messrs.  Longman  have  con- 
trived to  hit  upon,  in  the  very  handsome  volume  now 
before  us,  which  is  clearly  intended  to  answer  that  pur- 
pose, though  of  higher  literary  value  than  sucli  books 
can  frequently  boast.  The  composition  of  this  Chronicle — 
as  Mr.  Doyle  with  great  modesty  and  propriety  calls  the 
present  Narrative  of  English  History  from  the  Roman 
Invasion  to  the  Death  of  Richard  the  Third — was  origi- 
nally a  labour  of  love :  "  undertaken  partly  as  a  historic 
exercise,  and  partly  as  a  simple  and  continuous  narra- 
tive of  the  principal  events  of  English  history,  with  a 
view  to  pictorial  illustration."  The  study  bestowed  upon 
these  illustrations,  and  the  pains  taken  to  give  truthful- 
ness to  them — by  strict  attention  to  costume,  architecture, 
local  scenery,  and  other  accessories,  even  personal  por-  . 
traiture,  as  far  as  authorities  existed — soon  made  Mr. 
Doyle's  Chronicle  known  far  beyond  his  own  private 
circle;  and  it  was  seen  and  commended  by  no  less  judi- 
cious and  intelligent  a  lover  of  Art  than  the  late  Prince 
Consort.  A  suggestion  made  for  its  publication,  some  ti  m  e 
since,  was  not  acted  upon,  on  account  of  the  difficulties  and 
•expenses  which  would  then  have  attended  the  reproduc- 
tion in  colours  of  Mr.  Doyle's  drawings.  Recent  improve- 
ments in  colour-printing  have  removed  those  impedi- 
ments, and  the  public  may  now  possess  themselves  of  a 
volume  certainly  unique  in  its  kind.  The  drawings  have 
almost  the  interest  of  contemporary  illuminations,  which 
they  somewhat  resemble;  but  with  the  advantage  of 
better  drawing,  and  greater  truthfulness.  Too  much 
praise  cannot  be  bestowed  upon  Mr.  Evans,  for  the  suc- 
cess with  which  he  has  reproduced  them  in  all  their 
variety  and  brilliancy.  They  are  some  eighty  in  num- 
ber, and  we  know  of  no  illustrations  of  English  historical 
subjects  which  convey  so  strong  an  impression  of  the 
spirit  of  the  times  which  they  represent.  The  narrative, 
which  has  been  entirely  re- written  by  Mr.  Doyle,  seems 
to  have  been  as  carefully  studied  and  compiled  as  it  is 
simply  and  gracefully  related.  That  the  book  will  be 
distributed  largely  as  a  Gift  Book,  for  which  it  is  pecu- 
liarly suited,  there  can  be  little  doubt.  And  we  think 
we  may  venture  to  prophesy,  that  Doyle's  Chronicle  of 
England  will  be  a  favourite  book  for  the  same  purpose 
for  many  a  Christmas  yet  to  come. 

The  Autograph  Souvenir  :  a  Collection  of  Autograph  Let- 
ters, Interesting  Documents^  Sfc.,  executed  in  Fac-simile, 
by  Frederick  George  Netherclift.  With  Letter-press 
Transcriptions  and  occasional  Translations,  Sfc.,  by 
Richard  Sims.  (Netherclift.) 

This  a  new  monthly  serial,  dedicated  to  the  reproduc- 
tion of  interesting  autographs  and  other  documents.  The 
first  number  is  varied  and  interesting ;  as  our  readers  will 
admit  when  they  hear  that  it  contains  two  letters  of  Queen 
Elizabeth,  and  others  by  Gustavus  Vasa,  Oliver  Crom- 
well, Burns,  and  Mozart. 

Queen  Dagmar's  Cross.  Fac-  simile  in  Gold  and  Colours 
of  the  Enamelled  Jeiuel  in  the  Old  Northern  Museum, 
Cheapinghaven,  Denmark.  With  Introductory  Remarks. 
By  George  Stephens,  F.8.A.  (J.  Russell  Smith.) 
Those  of  our  readers  who  remember  the  interest  ex- 
cited by  the  fac-simile  of  Queen  Dagmar's  Cross,  which 


the  King  of  Denmark  presented  to  the  Princess  Alex- 
andra on  her  marriage,  will  be  well  pleased  with  this 
brochure,  its  exquisite  copy  of  the  jewel,  and  Mr.  Ste- 
phens's  learned  and  enthusiastic  account  of  Dagmar  the 
idol  of  Denmark,  and  this  interesting  relic  of  that  loved 
one. 

BOOKS  RECEIVED. — 

The  Poems  of  Robert  Burns.     (Bell  &  Daldy.) 
The  Songs  of  Robert  Burns.     (Bell  &  Daldy.) 

These  two  volumes  of  our  worthy  Publishers'  beautiful 
Series  of  Pocket  Volumes  ought  to  be  popular  with  our 
friends  North  of  the  Tweed:  for  they  are  beautifully 
printed,  and  give  the  author's  own  text,  and  not  a 
modernisation  of  it. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PDECHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  Sic.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 

ALBION  MAGAZINE  for  January,  1835. 
THK  MONTHLY  RECORDER  for  June,  1792. 

Wanted  by  William  J.  Thorns,  Esq.,  40,  St.  George's  Square, 
Belgrave  Road,  S.W. 

ELLTS'S   HISTORT  OP  SHOREDITCH. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Wood,  Myddelton  House,  Clerkenwell. 


MOZART  IN  LONDON,  by  Mr.  Husk,  and  other  Papers  of  interest,  in  oitr 
next. 

WEDDINO  SERMONS.  We  have  forwarded  to  Juxta  Turrim  the  listt 
Kindly  furnished  by  Abhba  and  Mr.  Kempt. 

THE  DEVIL.  The  pamphlet  and  a  private  communication  intended  for 
r  have  been  forwarded  to  that  correspondent. 

EAST  WOODHAY  BELLS.  We  have  a  letter  for  N.  H.  R.,  whose  article 
on  this  subject  apneared  in  last  week's  "  El.  &  Q."  Where  shall  we  for- 
ward it? 

R.  has  our  best  thanks.  We  had,  however,  anticipated  his  sugges- 
tion. 

T.  B.  (Dunblane)  The  books,  of  which  "our  correspondent  encloses  a 
list,  are  neither  rare  nor  curious.  There  is  not  one  of  them  ivhich  might 
not  be  purchased  for  half  a  sovereign  from  any  respectable  dealer  in 
second-hand  books. 

DAVID  GAM.  The  Bishop  whose  ordination  was  questioned  by  Abp. 
Whately  was  Dr.  Joseph  Butler  of  Durham.  This  doubt  has  been  since 
set  at  rest  by  the  discovery  of  the  record  of  his  ordination.  <S'ee"N.  &  Q." 
1st  S.x,  393. 

J.  TJ.  P.  The  singular  Funeral  Sermon  by  Hugh  More  on  the  death  of 
Mr.  Proctor  has  been  discussed  in  our  2nd  S.  i.  353, 422, 461.  It  has  all 
the  appearance  of  a  satirical  production. 

H.  S.  There  were  two  prelates  of  the  name  of  Barlow.  Thomas, 
Bishop  of  Lincoln,  and  William,  successively  Bishop  of  St.  David's,  Bath, 
and  Chichester.  Some  particulari  of  the  consecration  of  the  latter  will 
be  found  in  our  2nd  8.  vi.  526;  vii.  48,  91 , 133,  201 . 

ABHBA.  Mallet's  Report  on  the  Dodder  Seservoirs  is  reprinted  in 
Weale's  Quarterly  Papers  on  Engineering,  part  1 1  or  vol.  yi.  part  1. 

A.  F.  C.  R.  (Bristol.)  The  postage  stamp  is  that  of  Sydney.  It  is  an 
imitation  of  the  great  seal  of  the  colony,  with  its  motto,  Sic  fortis  Etruria 
crevit. 

L.  A.  M.  Some  notices  of  the  Gunston  family  at  Stoke  Newington 
were  given  in  our  2nd  8.  i.  436. 

H.  T.  ELLACOMGB,  M.A.  An  account  of  Adrian  (not  Ambrose) 
Stokes,  the  husband  of  Frances,  Uuchens  of  Suffolk,  appeared  in  our  1st 
8.  vi.  128,225;  xii.  451. 

"NOTES  AND  QCERIEI"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (inclucKmg  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  \ls.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  ta 
favour  of  MESSRS.  BELL  AND  DALDY,  186,  FLEET  STREET,  E.C.,  to  whom 
all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


Full  benefit  of  reduced  duty  obtained  by  purchasing  Ilorniinan's  Pure 
Tea;  very  choice  at  3s.  Id.amHs.  "High  Standard"  at  4s.  td.  (for- 
merly 4s.  Sd.),  is  the  strongest  and  most  delicious  imported.  Agents  in 
every  town  supply  it  in  Packets. 


3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  7,  »G3.] 


XOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

TT      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LITE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIEF  OFFICES  :  3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
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H.  B.  Bicknell.Esq. 

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W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

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Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

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Directors. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 

James  Hunt,  Esq. 

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Established  in  1836. 

OFFICES:  —  !,  Dale  Street,  Liverpool;  20  and  21,  Poultry, 
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PROGRESS  OF  THE  COMPANY  SINCE  1850. 


Year 

Fire   Premiums 

Life  Premiums 

Invested  Funds 

1851 

| 
54,305 

t 
27,157 

£ 
502,824 

1856 

222,279 

72,781 

821,001 

1861 

360,130 

135,974 

1,311,905 

!862 

436,065 

138,703 

1,417,808 

Henry  WUbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary — Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MEDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOR  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES   : 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14*. 

MR.  SCKATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with  ; 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and   Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 

O  S  T   J3   O      EXDOXT. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  500. 

/GABRIEL'S     SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  Jsc.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth."    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

MR.  HOWARD,  SURGEON-DENTIST,  52, 
FLEET-STREET,  has  introduced  an  ENTIRELY  NEW 
DESCRIPTION  of  ARTIFICIAL  TEETH,  fixed  without  springs, 
wires,  or  ligatures.  They  so  perfectly  resemble  the  natural  teeth  as 
not  to  be  distinguished  from  the  originals  by  the  closest  observer  ;  they 
will  never  change  colour  or  decay,  and  will  be  found  superior  to  any 
teeth  ever  before  used.  This  method  does  not  require  the  extraction  of 
roots,  or  any  painful  operation,  and  will  support  and  preserve  teeth 
that  are  loose,  and  is  guaranteed  to  restore  articulation  and  mastica- 
tion. Decayed  teeth  stopped  and  rendered  sound  and  useful  in  mas- 
tication—52,  Fleet  Street. 


DIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM, PAXCHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  JNEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
l  ,000  others.  2s.  6d.  each 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 

i 

_OLLOWAY'S  PILLS  AND  OINTMENT.  — 
A  frequent  cause  of  gout  and  rheumatism  jis  the  inflammatory 
state  of  the  blood,  attended  with  bad  digestion  and  general  debility. 
A  few  doses  of  the?e  pills,  taken  in  time,  are  an  effectual  preventative 
against  gout  and  rheumatism ;  but  any  one  who  has  an  attack  of  either 
should  use  Ilolloway's  Ointment  also,  the  powerful  properties  of  which, 
combined  with  the  effect  of  the  pills,  must  infallibly  effect  a  cure.  These 
pills  act  directly  on  the  blood,  which  they  purify  and  improve;  they 
also  rtguiute  the  secretions  and  give  tone  to  the  stomach,  and  thus  the 
whole  system  is  invigorated,  and  put  into  a  condition  which  enables  it 
to  throw  off  disease  or  check  its  approach. 


The  Fire  Duty  paid  by  this  Company  in  England  in  1862  was  71,2342. 
SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 
JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 

Fire  Policies  falling  due  at  Michaelmas  should  be  renewed  by  the  14th 
October. 

HEDGES   &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 

Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux 24*.  and  30*.  perdoz. 

Good  Hock 30».    „     36».       „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36*.,  42*.    „     48*.       „ 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24*.    „     £0*.       „ 

Port  24s.,  30s.    „     36*.       „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  theirvaried  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  th« 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120*.  perdoz. 

Vintage  1834 ,    108*.        „ 

Vintage  1840 84«.       „ 

Vintage  1847 „     72*.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48*.  and  60*.;  superior  Sherry, 36*., 42*., 
48*.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36*.,  42*.,  48s.,  60*.,  74*.,  84*.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rndesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60*.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72*.,  84*.,  to  120s. ;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48*.  to  84*.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60*.,  66*., 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78*.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymae  Christ!,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72*.  per  doz.: 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144*.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 

(THE    NATURAL    WINES    of   FRANCE.  — J. 

L  CAMPBELL,  Wine  Merchant,  168,  Regent  Street,  recommends 
attention  to  the  following  CLARETS,  selected  by  himself  on  the 
Garonne:  — Vinde  Bordeaux  (which  greatly  improves  by  keeping  in 
bottle  two  or  three  years),  20*.;  St.  Jnlien,  22*.;  La  Rose,  26*.;  Si, 
Estephe,  36*.;  St.  Emilion,  42*.;  Haut  Brion,  48s.;  Lafitte,  Latour, 
and  Chateau  Margaux,  60s.  to  84*.  per  dozen.  J.  C.'s  experience  and 
known  reputation  for  French  wines  will  be  some  guarantee  for  the 
soundness  of  the  wine  quoted  at  20*.  per  dozen — Note,  burgundies  from 
36s.  to  54*. ;  Chablis,  26*.  and  30s.  per  dozen.  E.  Clicquot's  finest  Cham- 
pagne, 66*.  per  dozen.  Remittances  or  town  references  should  be  ad- 
dressed JAMES  CAMPBELL ,  158,  Regent  Street. 

Sold  by  Grocers  and  Druggists. 

FRY'S 

IMPROVED    HOMOEOPATHIC    COCOA. 

Price  Is.  6d.  per  Ib. 
FRY'S     PEARL     COCOA. 

FRY'S  ICELAND  MOSS  COCOA. 
J.  S.  FRY  &  SONS,  Bristol  and  London. 


Dinneford's  Pure  Fluid  Magnesia 

Has  been,  during  twenty-five  years,  emphatically  sanctioned  by  the 
Medical  Profession,  and  universally  accepted  by  the  Public,  as  the 
Best  Remedy  for  Acidity  of  the  Stomach,  Heartburn,  Headache,  Gout, 
and  Indigestion,  and  as  a  Mild  Aperient  for  delicate  constitutions,  more 
especially  for  Ladies  and  Children.  When  combined  with  the  Acidu- 
lated Lemon  Syrup,  it  forms  an  AGREEABLE  EFFERVESCING  DRAUGHT, 
in  which  its  Aperient  qualities  are  much  increased.  During  Hot 
Seasons  and  in  Hot  Climates,  the  regular  use  of  this  simple  and  elegant 
remedy 'has  been  found  highly  beneficial  It  is  Prepared  (m  a  state 
of  perfect  purity  and  of  uniform  strength)  by  DliNMi-tORD  &  CO., 
172;  .New  Bond  Street,  London:  and  sold  by  all  respectable  Chemists 
throughout  the  World, 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  Nov.  7,  '63. 


STANDARD    LIBRARY  EDITIONS 

PUBLISHED  BY  MR.  MURRAY. 


RAWLINSON'S  EDITION  OF  HERODOTUS. 

Edited  with  copious  Notes  and  Essays.    Illustrations.    4  Vols.  Svo. 


48*. 


RAWLINSON'S  HISTORY  OF  THE  MO- 
NARCHIES OF  THE  ANCIENT  EASTERN  WORLD.  Illustra- 
tions. Vol.  I.  Svo.  168. 


GROTE'S  HISTORY  OF  GREECE  :  from  the 

Earliest  Period  to  the  Close  of  the  Generation  contemporary  with 
Alexander  the  Great.    Maps.    8  Vols.    112s. 


LIDDELL'S   HISTORY  OF  ROME  ;    from  the 

Earliest  Times  to  the  Establishment  of  the  Empire.    2  Vols.   Svo.  28*. 


GIBBON'S    HISTORY    OF    THE    DECLINE 

AND  FALL  OF  THE  ROMAN  EMPIRE.    Edited,  with  Notes,  by 
DR.  WM.  SMITH.    Maps.    8  Vols.    Svo.    60s. 


DYER'S  HISTORY  OF  MODERN  EUROPE  ; 

from  the  taking  of  Constantinople  to  the  Close  of  the  Crimean  War. 
Vols.  I.  and  II.    Svo.    30s. 


HALLAM'S   HISTORY    OF  EUROPE   DUR- 
ING THE  MIDDLE  AGES.  3  Vols.   STO.   30*. 


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OF  ENGLAND  :  from  the  Accession  of  Henry  VII.  to  the  Death  of 
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EUROPE.    3  Vols.    Svo.    36*. 


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FORSTER'S    HISTORY    OF    THE    GRAND 

REMONSTRANCE,  1641.    Svo.    12*. 


FORSTER'S  ARREST  OF  THE  FIVE  MEM- 
BERS BY  CHARLES  I.    Svo.    12s. 


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NETHERLANDS :  with  the  Origin  and  Destruction  of  the  Spanish 
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AIDS    TO     FAITH.      A  Series    of  Essays   by 

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MILMAN'S  HISTORY  OF  CHRISTIANITY  ; 

from  the  Birth  of  Christ  to  the  Abolition  of  Paganism  in  the  Roman 
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HOOK'S  CHURCH  DICTIONARY.  Svo.     16s. 


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SMILES'S  LIVES  OF  BRITISH  ENGINEERS: 

from  the  Earliest  Period  down  to  the  Death  of  Robert   Stephenson. 
Illustrations.    3  Vols.   Svo.    63*. 


PERCY'S    METALLURGY;    with  a    FULL 

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Standard  English  Authors,  printed  from  the  most  correct  text,  and 
edited  with  notes. 

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Printed  by  GEORGE  ANDREW  8POTTISWOODE,  at  6  New-street  Square,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  City  of  London;  and 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A  MEDIUM  OF  INTER-COMMUNICATION 

FOR 

LITERARY  MEN,  GENERAL   READERS,   ETC. 

"  wiien  found,  make  a  note  of." — CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


No.  98. 


SATURDAY,  NOVEMBER  14,  1863. 


{Price  Fourpence. 
Stamped  Edition,  5</. 


UNIVERSITY  OF  LONDON. 

•\TOTICE   IS  HEREBY   GIVEN,   That  the  next 

ll  Half-yearly  Examination  for  MATRICULATION  in  this  Uni- 
versity will  commence  on  MONDAY,  the  llth  of  JANUARY,  1864. 
In  addition  to  the  Metropolitan  Examination,  Provincial  PASS  Ex- 
aminations will  be  held  at  the  Town  Hall,  Leeds. 

Every  Candidate  is  required  to  transmit  his  Certificate  of  Ape  to  the 
Registrar  (.Burlington  House,  London,  W.)  at  least  fourteen  days  lie- 
lorc  the  commencement  of  the  Examination. 

The  Matriculation  Examination  is  accepted  by  the  Council  of  Mili- 
tary Education  as  an  equivalent  for  the  Entrance  Examination  other- 
wise imposed  on  Candidates  for  admission  to  the  Royal  Military  College, 
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Student  commencing  his  professional  studies  is  required  to  have  passed 
someone;  and  is  accepted  by  the  Royal  College  of  Surgeons  of  England 
in  place  of  the  Preliminary  Examination  otherwise  imposed  on  Can- 
didates for  its  Fellowship It  is  among  those  Examinations  of  which 

it  is  necessary  for  every  person  entering  upon  Articles  of  Clerkship  to 
an  Attorney  to  have  passed  some  one,  whilst  those  who  pass  it  in  the 
KIBST  DIVISION  are  exempted  from  ONK  YEAR'S  Service. 

N.B.  TlIK    MlDSUMMRR     MATRICt'r.ATlOX    ETAMIX1TIOV    WILL    HEXCE- 

FOKTII  COMMENCE  ox  THE  LAST  MONDAY  IN  JUNE. 


•WILLIAM  B.  CARPENTER,  M.D.. 

Registrar. 


Burlington  House, 
Nov.  6, 1863. 

ROYAL   INSTITUTE   OF  BRITISH   ARCHI- 
TECTS, 9,  Conduit  Street,  Hanover  Square,  W. 
VOLUNTARY  ARCHITECTURAL  EXAMINATION. 

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rTHE  STATIONERS'  COMPANY'S  ALMANACS, 

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Ludgate  Street ;  or  through  the  Booksellers  and  Stationers  in  Town  or 
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About  the  16th  of  November  will  be  published, 

THOMAS  DE  LA  RUE  &  CO.'S  RED  LETTER 
DIARIES   and   CALENDARS   for   1864.     Edited   by  JAMES 
GLAISHER,  F.R.S.    With  an  Article  on  the  Moon  by  J.  R.  HIND, 
Esq.,  Superintendent  of  the  "Nautical  Almanack."    Illustrated  with 
an  original  Photograph  of  the  Moon. 

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Demy  8vo.  with  nearly  1,000  Woodcuts,  price  12s. 

'ARKS  AND  MONOGRAMS  ON  POTTERY 

AND  PORCELAIN,  being  a  HAND-BOOK  for  Connoisseurs  and 
[lectors.    By  W.  CHAFFERS,  F.S.A. 

Also,  by  the  same  Author,  royal  8vo,  price  Zs.  6d. 

HALL  MARKS  ON  PLATE,  by  which  the  Date 

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Published  by  J.DAVY  &  SONS,  137,  Long  Acre. 
SRD  S.  ND.  98. 


THE  QUARTERLY  REVIEW,  No.  CCXXVIII. 
is  published  THIS  DAY. 

CONTENTS  : 

I.  PROGRESS  OF  ENGINEERING  SCIENCE. 
II.  THOMAS  HOOD  AND  HIS  LIFE  AND  WRITINGS. 
III.  CO-OPERATIVE  SOCIETIES. 
IV.  LYELL'S  ANTIQUITY  OF  MAN. 
V.  JAPAN. 

VI.  ANTI-PAPAL  MOVEMENT  AMONG  THE  ITALIAN 

CLERGY* 

VII.  FROUDE'S  QUEEN  ELIZABETH. 

VIII.  THE  CHURCH  OF  ENGLAND  AND  HER  BISHOPS. 
JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street. 


PHILLIPS'S  LAW  OF  COPYRIGHT. 

This  day  is  published,  in  8vo,  price  12s.  cloth, 

THE    LAW   of   COPYRIGHT    in    WORKS    of 
LITERATURE  and  ART,  and  in  the  Application  of  Designs. 
With  the  Statutes  relating  thereto.    By  CHARLES  PALMER  PHIL- 
LIPS, of  Lincoln's  Inn,  Esq.,  Barrister-at-Law. 

The  object  of  the  author  has  been  to  write  a  book  of  moderate  bulk, 
which  could  present  a  concise  and  connected  statement  of  the  whole 
law  of  copyright  in  this  country. 

This  volume  contains  separate  chapters  on  copyright  before  and  after 
publication  in  literary  and  musical  works— in  the  representation  and 


drawings,  and  photographs— in  sculpture— iu  designs  (ornamental  and 
useful)— lastly,  on  international  copyright. 

All  the  important  judicial  decisions  and  dicta,  at  law  and  in  equity, 

upon  the  subject,  will,  the  author  hopes,  be  found  in  the  works  and  in 

the  Appendix  are  the  statutes  to  which  it  may  be  necessary  to  refer. 

V.  and  R.  STEVENS,  SONS,  &  HAYNES,  Law  Booksellers  and 

Publishers,  26,  Bell  Yard,  Lincoln's  Inn. 


NEW  WORK, 

BY  THE  AUTHOR  OF  "  THINGS  NOT  GENERALLY  KNOWN." 
Now  ready,  in  small  8vo,  with  Frontispiece,  te.  cloth. 

KNOWLEDGE  FOR  THE  TIME  :  a  Manual  of 

J\_  Reading,  Reference,  and  Conversation  on  Subjects  of  Living 
Interest,  useful  Curiosity,  and  amusing  Research  :  from  the  best  and 
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Generally  Known.". 

LOCKWOOD  fc  CO.,  7,  Stationers'  Hall  Court,  Ludgate  Street. 


Just  published,  price  Is. 

HAMLET,  Tragedie  de  SHAKESPEARE  traduite  eu 
vers  FranSais,  par  le  CHEVALIER  DE  CHATELAIN,  Mem- 
ber of  the  National  Shakespeare  Committee. 

ROLANDI,  20,  Berners  Street,  Oxford  Street,  W. 


THE  NEW  NOVEL  BY  MRS.  HENRY  WOOD. 

NOTICE.—THE  SHA.DOW  OF  ASHLYDYAT, 
by  the  Author  of  "  East  Lynne."  is  Now  Ready,  in  Three  Vols., 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


385 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  NOVEMBER  14,  1863. 


CONTENTS. —No.  98. 

NOTES : — Mozart  in  London,  385  —  Indulgences  Printed  by 
William  Caxton,  387  —  Cornelius  Agrippa  on  the  Morals  of 
the  Clergy,  lb.—  Michael  Johnson  of  Lichfleld,  &c.,  388  — 
Vixen,  389  —  Jeremy  Collier  on  the  Stage,  390. 

MINOR  NOTES  :  —  "  Shades,"  a  Public-house  Bar :  Origin  of 
the  Word  —  The  River  Thames  described  by  Sir  Walter 
Scott  —  The  Names  Arthur  and  Guinevere  —  Great  Guns 

—  Westall's  Woodman  —  Blair's  "  Grave  "  —  Who  Write 
our  Negro  Songs  P  —  The  '45  —  A  Furness  Distich,  391. 

QUERIES :  —  Allegorical  Painting  —  Bealby  Family  — 
Joseph  Booth's  Polygraphic  Exhibition  —  Congreve!  of 
Congreve —  De  Quincey's  Works  —  Dienlacres,  Stafford- 
shire—  Gunpowder  in  the  Reign  of  Richard  II.  —  Heraldic 
Query:  Elkanah  Settle  —  Sir  Thomas  Jones,  Knt.  — Ora- 
torios —  Oriental  Queries  —  Paganism  in  France  —  Peat 
Bogs  —  The  Rev.  Frederick  Sherlock  Pope — Portraits  of 
Notorious  Ladies  of  the  Reign  of  George  IV.  —  Prognosti- 
cations —  Lady  Reres  —  Hugh  Rose.  Botanist  —  Singapore 

—  Tenures  of  Land  in  Ireland,  &c.,  393. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWEBS  :  —John  Davy  —  Ring  said  to  be 
of  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots  —  Bermuda  —  Newspapers  —  John 
Canne  —  Merky  ate  Cell — Henry  Howard  —  "  Carfindo  "  — 
Mustache,  396. 

REPLIES :  —  Swing,  398— Potheen,  399  — The  Devil,  Ib.— 
Laurence  Sterne — Binding  a  Stone  in  a  Sling  —  A  Goose 
Tenure  —  Expedition  to  Carthagena — Landseer*s  "Fable 
of  the  Monkey"  —  Sedechias  —  Ranulph  de  Meschines — 
John  Freer  —  " Dublin  University  Review" — Fictitious 
Appellations — Wand  of  the  Grand  Masters  of  the  Tem- 
plars —  Explanation  of  Words  —  Families  of  Trepsack  and 
Forster  —  Portraits  of  Johnson  —  Commoners  using  Sup- 
porters —  Berry  or  Bury,  &c.,  400. 

Notes  on  Books.  &c. 


MOZART  IN  LONDON. 

When  a  few  short  months  shall  have  passed 
away,  a  century  will  have  elapsed  since  a  little 
boy,  seven  years  of  age  —  already  celebrated 
throughout  a  great  part  of  Europe  for  the  preco- 
city of  his  genius,  and  destined  thereafter  to 
achieve  a  fame  which  will  endure  as  long  as  the 
art  which  he  practised  shall  exist — first  placed  his 
foot  upon  the  soil  of  England.  The  boy  was 
Wolfgang  Amadeus  Mozart. 

Little  Mozart,  as  is  well  known,  was,  together 
with  his  sister,  carried  about  to  the  principal 
cities  in  Europe  by  his  father,  Leopold  Mozart, 
to  exhibit  his  marvellous  abilities.  The  family 
arrived  in  England  on  April  10,  1764,  and  re- 
mained here  about  fifteen  months.  Of  Mozart's 
performances  during  his  stay  in  London,  but  little 
is  recorded  by  his  biographers  :  even  Mr.  Edward 
Holmes  (whose  Life  of  Mozart  is  by  far  the  best 
that  has  yet  appeared)  having  contented  him- 
self with  the  mention  of  the  two  performances 
in  June,  1764.  In  the  belief  that  fuller  details 
will  be  acceptable  to  many,  I  have  transcribed 
from  The  Public  Advertiser  all  the  different  an- 
nouncements relative  to  Mozart's  public  appear- 
ances in  London,  which  I  subjoin.  They  furnish 
many  interesting  particulars,  and  for  the  most 
part  need  little  commentary. 


"  At  the  Great  Room  in  Spring- Garden,  near  St. 
James's  Park,  Tuesday,  June  5,  will  be  performed  a  grand 
Concert  of  Vocal  and  Instrumental  Music,  For  the  bene- 
fit of  Miss  Mozart  of  Eleven,  and  Master  Mozart  of 
Seven,  Years  of  Age,  Prodigies  of  Nature;  taking  the 
Opportunity  of  representing  to  the  Public  the  greatest 
Prodigy  that  Europe  or  that  Human  Nature  has  to  boast 
of.  Every  Body  will  be  astonished  to  hear  a  Child  of 
such  a  tender  Age  playing  the  Harpsichord  in  such  a 
Perfection. — It  surmounts  all  Fantast/c  and  Imagination, 
and  it  is  hard  to  express  which  is  more  astonishing,  his 
Execution  upon  the  Harpsichord,  playing  at  Sight,  or 
his  own  Composition.  His  Father  brought  him  to  Eng- 
land, not  doubting  but  that  he  will  meet  with  success  in 
a  Kingdom  where  his  Countryman,  the  late  famous  Ver- 
tuoso,  Handel,  received  during  his  Life-time  such  par- 
ticular Protection.  Tickets  at  Half-a-Guinea  each;  to 
be  had  of  Mr.  Mozart,  at  Mr.  Couzin's,  Hair  Cutter,  in 
Cecil  Court,  St.  Martin's  Lane."  (31st  May,  1764.) 

"By  Permission  of  the  Lord  Chamberlain.  At  the 
Great  Room  in  Spring  Garden,  near  St.  James's  Park, 
This  Day,  June  5,  at  Twelve  o'Clock,  will  be  performed 
a  Grand  Concert  of  Vocal  and  Instrumental  Music,  For 
the  Benefit  of  Miss  Mozart  of  Eleven,  and  Master  Mozart 
of  Seven  Years  of  Age,  Prodigies  of  Nature.  The  Vocal 
Parts  by  Signora  Cremonini  and  Sig.  Quilici.  The  First 
Violin  with  a  Solo  by  Sig.  Barthelemon,  Violoncello  with, 
a  Concerto  by  Sig.  Cyri.  Harpsichord  and  Organ  by 
Miss  Mozart  and  Master  Mozart.  Tickets  at  Half-a- 
Guinea  each,  to  be  had  of  Mr.  Mozart,  at  Mr.  Couzin's, 
Hair  Cutter,  in  Cecil  Court,  St.  Martin's  Lane."  (5th 
June,  1764.) 

Leopold  Mozart  had  misgivings  as  to  the  pecu- 
niary results  of  this  concert  by  reason  of  the  cost 
of  the  band ;  but  they  were  removed  by  the 
liberality  of  the  professors  engaged,  many  of 
whom  declined  receiving  any  remuneration  for 
their  services.  The  boy's  next  public  appearance 
was  at  Ranelagh,  on  June  29,  where  he  performed 
gratuitously  for  the  benefit  of  a  charity.  His 
father,  in  a  letter  to  a  friend  on  the  Continent, 
quoted  by  Mr.  Holmes,  speaks  of  this  as  a  politic 
proceeding,  and  comments  on  the  prospective 
advantages  likely  to  ensue  from  his  allowing  the 
child  thus  to  "play  the  British  patriot."  The 
announcement  of  the  entertainment  being  very 
long,  I  give  only  that  part  relating  to  Mozart :  — 
"For  the  Benefit  of  a  Public  Useful  Charity.  At 
Ranelagh  House  on  Friday  next  ...  In  the  course  of  the 
Evening's  Entertainments  the  celebrated  and  astonishing 
Master  Mozart,  lately  arrived,  a  Child  of  7  Years  of  Age,  will 
perform  several  fine  select  Pieces  of  his  own  Composition 
on  the  Harpsichord  and  on  the  Organ,  which  has  already 
given  the  highest  Pleasure,  Delight,  and  Surprize  to  the 
greatest  Judges  of  Music  in  England  or  Italy,  and  is 
justly  esteemed  the  most  extraordinary  Prodigy,  and 
most  amazing  Genius  that  has  appeared  in  any  Age." 
(26th  June,  1764.) 

It  would  seem  that  the  children  did  not  again 

perform  in  public  until  the  following  February  :— 

«  For  the  benefit  of  Miss  Mozart  of  Twelve,  and  Master 

Mozart   of  Eight  Years  of  Age,  Prodigies  of  Nature. 

Little  Theatre  in  the  Haymarket,  Friday,  Feb.  15,  will 

be  a  Concert  of  Vocal  and  Instrumental  Music.    Tickets 

at  Half-a-Guinea  each,  to  be  had  of  Mr.  Mozart  at  Mr. 

Williamson's  in  Thrift-street,   Soho."     (6th  February, 

!  1765.) 


386 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  Nov.  14,  '63. 


"Haymarket,  Little  Theatre.  On  Account  of  Dr 
Arne's  Oratorio  of  Judith,  and  the  same  Reason  for  wanl 
of  some  principal  Assistants  of  Performers,  Master  and 
Miss  Mozart  are  obliged  to  postpone  the  Concerts  which 
should  have  been  To-morrow,  the  15th  instant,  to  Mon- 
day the  18th  instant.  They  desire  the  Nobility  and 
Gentry  will  be  so  kind  as  to"  excuse  them  for  not  per- 
forming according  to  the  Time  first  proposed.  Tickets 
to  be  had  of  Mr.  Mozart,  at  Mr.  Williamson's  in  Thrift- 
street,  Soho,  and  at  the  said  Theatre.  Tickets  delivered 
for  the  15th  will  be  admitted.  A  Box  Ticket  admits 
Two  into  the  Gallery,  f-t  To  prevent  Mistakes,  the  Ladies 
and  Gentlemen  are  desired  to  send  their  Servants  to  take 
Places  for  the  Boxes,  and  give  in  their  Names  to  the 
Box-keepers  on  Monday  the  18th  in  the  Afternoon." 
(14th  February,  1765.) 

"  Haymarket,  Little  Theatre.  The  Concert  for  the 
Benefit  of  Miss  and  Master  Mozart  will  be  certainly  per- 
formed on  Thursday  the  21st  instant,  which  will  begin 
exactly  at  Six,  which  will  not  hindering  [sic!  the  Nobi- 
lity and  Gentry  from  meeting  in  other  Assemblies  on  the 
same  Evening.  Tickets  to  be  had  of  Mr.  Mozart,  at  Mr. 
Williamson's  in  Thrift-street,  Soho,  and  at  the  said 
Theatre.  A  Box  Ticket  admits  two  into  the  Gallery, 
f!  To  prevent  Mistakes,  the  Ladies  and  Gentlemen  are 
desired  to  send  their  Servants  to  keep  Places  for  the 
Boxes,  and  give  in  their  Names  to  the  Box-keepers  on 
Thursday  the  21st  in  the  Afternoon."  (15th  February, 
1765.) 

To  the  announcement  on  the  21st  of  February 
is  added  the  statement  that  — 

"  All  the  Overtures  will  be  from  the  Compositions  of 
these  astonishing  Composers  [sic],  only  eight  years  old." 

Then,  on  1 1th  March,  appeared  the  following  : — 

"  By  Desire.  For  the  Benefit  of  Master  Mozart  of 
Eight  Years,  and  Miss  Mozart  of  Twelve  Years  of  Age, 
Prodigies  of  Nature,  before  their  Departure  for  England, 
which  will  be  in  Six  Weeks'  Time.  There  will  be  per- 
formed at  the  End  of  this  Month,  or  the  Beginning  of 
April,  A  Concert  of  Vocal  and  Instrumental  Music. 
Tickets  at  Half-a-Guinea  each.  To  be  had  of  Mr.  Mozart, 
at  Mr.  Williamson's  in  Thrift-street,  Soho ;  where  those 
Ladies  and  Gentlemen,  who  will  honour  him  with  their 
Company  from  Twelve  to  Three  in  the  Afternoon,  any 
Day  in  the  Week,  except  Tuesday  and  Friday,  may,  by 
taking  each  a  Ticket,  gratify  their  Curiosity ;  and  not 
only  hear  this  young  Music- Master  .and  his  Sister  per- 
form in  private,  but  likewise  try  his  surprising  Musical 
Capacity  by  giving  him  any  Thing  to  play  at  Sight,  or 
any  Music  without  Bass,  which  he  will  write  upon  the 
Spot,  without  recurring  to  his  Harpsichord.  The  Day 
and  Place  of  the  Concert  will  be  advertised  in  the  Public 
Advertiser  eight  Days  before."  (llth  March,  1765.) 

This  evidently  produced  no  satisfactory  result  ; 
since,  after  the  lapse  of  a  month,  it  was  thought 
expedient  to  reduce  the  price  of  the  tickets  :  — 

"  Mr.  Mozart,  the  Father  of  the  celebrated  young  Mu- 
sical Family,  who  have  so  justly  raised  the  Admiration 
of  the  greatest  Musicians  of  Europe,  intending  soon  to 
leave  England,  proposes,  before  his  Departure  to  give  to 
the  Public  in  general  an  Opportunity  of  hearing  these 
young  Prodigies  perform  both  in  public  and  private,  by 
giving  at  the  End  of  this  Month,  a  Concert,  Which  will 
chiefly  be  conducted  by  his  Son,  a  Boy  of  Eight  Years 
of  Age,  with  all  the  Overtures  of  his  own  Composition. 
Tickets  may  be  had  at  5s.  each  of  Mr.  Mozart,  at  Mr. 
Williamson's  in  Thrift-street,  Soho ;  where  such  Ladies 


and  Gentlemen,  who  chuse  to  come  themselves,  and  take 
either  Tickets,  or  the  Sonatas  composed  by  this  Boy,  and 
dedicated  to  Her  Majesty  (Price  10s.  6d.),  will  find  the 
Family  at  home  every  Day  in  the  Week,  from  Twelve  to 
Two  6'Clock ;  and  have  an  Opportunity  of  putting  his 
Talent  to  a  more  particular  Proof,  by  giving  him  any 
Thing  to  play  at  Sight,  or  any  Music  without  a  Bass, 
which  he  will  write  upon  the  Spot,  without  recurring  to 
his  Harpsichord.  Notice  of  the  Day  and  Place  of  the 
Concert  will  be  given  in  due  Time."  (9th  April,  1765.) 

Another  month  passed  ere  a  day  was  fixed  for 
the  concert : — 

"  For  the  Benefit  of  Miss  Mozart  of  Thirteen,  and  Mas- 
ter Mozart  of  Eight  Years  of  Age,  Prodigies  of  Nature. 
Hickford's  Great  Room  in  Brewer  Street,  Monday,  May 
13,  will  be  A  Concert  of  Music,  with  all  the  Overtures  of 
this  little  Boy's  own  Composition.  Tickets  may  be  had 
at  5s.  each  of  Mr.  Mozart,  at  Mr.  Williamson's  in  Thrift- 
street,  Soho;  where  such  Ladies  and  Gentlemen  who 
chuse  to  come  themselves,  and  take  either  Tickets,  or  the 
Sonatas  composed  by  this  Boy,  and  dedicated  to  Her 
Majesty  (Price  10s.  6d.),  will  find  the  Family  at  home 
every  Day  in  the  Week,  from  Twelve  to  Two  o'Clock ; 
and  have  an  Opportunity  of  putting  his  Talents  to  a  more 
particular  Proof  by  giving  him  any  Thing  to  play  at 
Sight,  or  any  Music  without  a  Bass,  which  he  will  write 
upon  the  Spot,  without  recurring  to  his  Harpsichord." 
(10th  May,  1765.) 

"  For  the  Benefit  of  Miss  Mozart  of  Thirteen,  and 
Master  Mozart  of  Eight  Years  of  Age,  Prodigies  of  Na- 
ture. Hickford's  Great  Room  in  Brewer  Street,  This 
Day,  May  13,  will  be  A  Concert  of  Vocal  and  Instru- 
mental Music,  with  all  the  Overtures  of  this  little  Boy's 
own  Composition.  The  Vocal  Part  by  Sig.  Cremonini ; 
Concerto  on  the  Violin,  Mr.  Barthelemon ;  Solo  on  the 
Violoncello,  Sig.  Cirii ;  Concerto  on  the  Harpsichord  by 
the  little  Composer  and  his  Sister,  each  single  and  both 
together,  &c.  Tickets  at  5s.  each  to  be  had  of  Mr.  Mozart, 
at  Mr.  Williamson's  in  Thrift-street,  Soho."  (13th  May, 
1765.) 

At  the  end  of  the  month,  the  public  were  in- 
vited to  hear  the  children  perform  at  their  lodg- 
ings :  — 

"  Mr.  Mozart,  the  Father  of  the  celebrated  young  Mu- 
sical Family,  who  have  so  justly  raised  the  Admiration 
of  the  greatest  Musicians  of  Europe,  begs  Leave  to  inform 
the  Public  that  his  Departure  from  England  is  fixed  for 
the  Beginning  of  next  month.  Such  Ladies  and  Gentle- 
men who  desire  to  hear  these  young  Prodigies  perform 
in  private,  will  find  the  Family  at  Home  at  his  Lodgings 
at  Mr.  Williamson's,  in  Thrift-Street,  Soho,  every  Day 
in  the  Week  from  One  to  Three  o'Clock,  and  may  have 
an  Opportunity  of  putting  his  Talent  to  a  more  particular 
Proof,  by  giving  him  any  thing  to  play  at  Sight.  The 
Terms  are  5s.  each  Person,  or  else  to  take  the  Sonatas 
composed  by  this  Boy  and  dedicated  to  Her  Majesty 
(Price  10s.  6<f.),  which  he  has  had  the  Honour  of  per- 
forming many  Times  before  their  Majesties."  (30th  Mar, 
1765.) 

A  little  more  than  five  weeks  passes,  and  it  is 
evident  that  the  children  are  no  longer  attractive 
at  the  west  end  of  the  town,  so  the  city  is  to  be 
ried,  and  with  still  lower  prices  :  — 

"  Mr.  Mozart,  the  Father  of  the  celebrated  young  Mu- 
sical Family,  who  have  so  justly  raised  the  Admiration 
>f  the  greatest  Musicians  of  Europe,  has  been  obliged  by 
he  Desire  of  several  Ladies  and  Gentlemen,  to  postpone 


3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  14,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


387 


his  Departure  from  England  for  a  short  Time,  takes  this 
Opportunity  to  inform  the  Public,  that  he  has  taken  the 
great  Room  in  the  Swan  and  Hoop  Tavern  in  Cornhill, 
where  he  will  give  an  Opportunity  to  all  the  Curious  to 
hear  these  two  young  Prodigies  perform  every  Day  from 
Twelve  to  Three.  Admittance,  2s.  6d.  each  Person.  He 
begins  To-morrow,  the  9th  instant."  (8th  July,  1765.) 

The  next  announcement,  issued  only  three 
days  afterwards,  seems  to  indicate  a  want  of  suc- 
cess :  — 

"  To  all  Lovers  of  Sciences.  The  greatest  Prodigy 
that  Europe,  or  that  even  Human  Nature  has  to  boast  of, 
is,  without  Contradiction,  the  little  German  Boy,  Wolf- 
gang Mozart:  a  Boy,  Eight  Years  old,  who  has,  and 
indeed  very  justly,  raised  the  Admiration  not  only  of  the 
greatest  Men,  but  also  the  greatest  Musicians  in  Europe. 
It  is  hard  to  say  whether  his  Execution  upon  the  Harp- 
sichord, and  his  playing  and  singing  at  Sight,  or  his  own 
Caprice,  Fancy,  and  Compositions  for  all  Instruments, 
are  most  astonishing.  The  Father  of  this  Miracle,  being 
obliged  by  Desire  of  several  Ladies  and  Gentlemen  to 
postpone,  for  a  very  short  Time,  his  Departure  from 
England,  will  give  an  Opportunity  to  hear  this  little 
Composer  and  his  Sister,  whose  musical  Knowledge  wants 
not  Apolo'gy.  Performs  every  Day  in  the  Week  from 
Twelve  to  Three  o'Clock  in  the  Great  Room  at  the 
Swan  and  Hoop,  Cornhill.  Admittance,  2«.  Gd.  each  Per- 
son. The  two  Children  will  play  also  together  with  four 
Hands  upon  the  same  Harpsichord,  and  put  upon  it  a 
Handkerchief,  without  seeing  the  Keys."  (llth  July, 
1765.) 

How  long  the  performances  were  continued 
posterior  tolhis  advertisement,  I  cannot  discover ; 
but  no  further  announcement  was  made,  and  early 
in  September  we  find  the  family  on  the  Continent. 
It  is  a  rather  remarkable  circumstance  that  Leo- 
pold Mozart,  although  a  violinist  of  some  emi- 
nence, did  not  himself  perform  at  any  of  the  public 
concerts  at  which  his  children  appeared. 

W.  H.  HUSK. 


INDULGENCES  PRINTED  BY  WILLIAM 
CAXTON. 

Three  various  Indulgences  are  now  known  to 
have  been  produced  at  theWestminster  press.  They 
were  all  printed  on  slips  of  parchment,  with  a 
blank  space  for  the  name  of  the  person  to  whom 
they  were  granted,  and  another  for  the  month  and 
the  day,  the  year  being  printed  in  full.  They 
•were  all  issued  in  1480  and  1481,  by  the  authority 
of  Pope  Sixtus  IV.  and  were  for  the  benefit  of 
those  who  would  contribute  to  the  defence  of  the 
Isle  of  Rhodes  against  the  Turks.  No.  1  is  dated 
1480,  and  the  blank  spaces  having  been  filled  in 
by  the  pen,  we  find  that  it  was  granted  on  the 
last  day  of  March,  to  Simon  Mountfort  and  Emma 
his  wife.  The  only  copy  of  this  edition  is  in  the 
British  Museum.  No.  2  is  dated  1481,  and  owes 
its  preservation  entirely  to  the  fact  that  it  was 
used  as  waste  in  Caxton's  workshop.  The  work- 
men there  having  to  bind  a  copy  of  Chaucer's 
Boetlnus  de  Consolatione,  which  was  just  printed, 


used  it  to  strengthen  the  back  of  the  volume. 
That  very  copy  is  still  preserved  in  the  curious 
but  neglected  old  library  of  the  Abbey  Grammar 
School,  St.  Alban's.  Both  the  above  are  fully 
described  in  the  second  volume  of  The  Life  and 
Typography  of  William  Caxton,  just  published. 
No.  3  is  entirely  unknown  to  bibliographers,  hav- 
ing been  very  recently  discovered  by  Mr.  Brad- 
shaw  of  Cambridge,  in  the  Town  Library  of  Bed- 
ford. Like  No.  2  it  has  been  used  for  the  binding 
of  a  book,  and  to  that  circumstance  alone  is  owing 
its  preservation.  That  such  short  pieces  as  these 
Indulgences  were  printed  instead  of  being  written, 
points  to  an  extensive  demand  for  them  ;  and  that 
many  editions  were  issued  is  evident  from  the  fact 
that  the  only  three  copies  known  are  of  three  dif- 
ferent editions.  Such  ephemeral  publications,  like 
the  Stans  Puer,  the  Book  of  Courtesy,  the  sheet  of 
Bedside  Prayers,  and  other  small-sized  issues  of 
Caxton's  press,  owe  their  present  rarity  to  the 
very  fact  of  their  having  been  originally  both 
cheap  and  abundant.  WILLIAM  BLADES. 

11,  Abchurch  Lane. 


CORNELIUS  AGRIPPA  ON  THE  MORALS  OF  THE 
CLERGY. 

The  state  of  morals,  both  among  clergy  and 
laity,  of  the  time  preceding  Luther  and  his  schism, 
is  pretty  generally  admitted  by  all  who  read  his- 
tory, be  their  name  for  that  schism  what  it  may. 
The  following  is  the  testimony  of  Cornelius 
Agrippa,  in  his  work,  De  Incertiludine  et  Vanitate 
Scientiarum,  first  published  at  Antwerp  in  1530, 
then  at  Cologne  in  1531.  At  this  time  the  Lu- 
theran dispute  was  raging,  but  had  not  got  to  the 
point  of  an  actual  division  :  I  mean  especially  at 
the  time  at  which  the  work  was  written.  Agrippa 
himself  was  not  suspected  of  Lutheranism,  nor 
of  anything  worse  than  sorcery,  and  heresy  in 
that  undefined  sense  in  which  it  was  frequently 
imputed  to  men  of  learning  :  that  kind  of  heresy 
which,  in  my  younger  days,  was  insinuated  by  a 
shake  of  the  head  and  "  I  never  knew  any  good 
come  of  all  that  reading."  He  was  a  dependent 
on  the  Emperor  and  on  the  Archbishop  of  Cologne 
for  his  bread,  and  he  seems  to  have  said  nothing 
but  what  was  permitted.  Here  is  an  extract 
(Latin  does  not  blush)  from  the  chapter  De  Le- 
nonia,  which  with  the  Ars  Meretricia,  counts  among 
the  sciences,  and  certainly  ought  to  have  been 
placed  among  the  systems : — 

"  Eomana  scorta  in  singulas  hebdomadas  julium  pen- 
dent pontifici,  qui  census  annuus  nonnunquam  viginti 
millia  ducatos  excedit:  adeoque  ecclesiae  procerum  id 
munus  est,  ut  una  ecclesiarum  proventibus  etiam  leno- 
ciniorum  numerent  mercedem.  Sic  enim  ego  illos  suppu- 
tanles  aliquando  audivi :  habet  (inquientes)  ille  duo  bene- 
ricia,  unum  curatum  aureorum  viginti,  alterum  prioratum 
ducatorum  quadraginta,  et  tres  putanas  in  bordello,  quaj 
reddunt  singulis  bebdoinadibus  julios  viginti.  Jam  vero 


388 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  Nov.  14,  '63. 


nihilominus  lenones  sunt  episcopi  illi  et  officiates,  qu 
censum  pro  concubinatu  a  sacerdotibus  quotannis  extor 
quent,  idque  tarn  palam,  ut  apud  plebem  ipsam  in  pro 
verbium  abierit  ilia  eorum  concubinaria  exactio  sive  leno 
ciniura,  quo  dicunt,  habeat  vel  non  habcat,  aureum  solve 
pro  concubina,  et  habeat  si  velit." 

Brunet  and  others  speak  of  passages  which 
were  omitted  in  subsequent  editions.  I  suspec 
the  work  was  at  last  a  greater  favourite  with  the 
Pauline  sect  than  with  the  Petrine — I  leave  the 
reader  to  unriddle  my  language  —  and  was  stripi 
of  passages  like  the  following,  which  I  cannot 
find  in  my  English  edition  of  1684.  After  speak- 
ing of  the  law  of  Lycurgus,  he  proceeds  thus  :  • 

"  Erat  et  Solonis  lex,  qua3  similiter  psrmittebat  uxor- 
ibus,  si  mariti  ignaviores  essent,  ex  necessariis  unum 
aliquem  sibi  despicere  .  .  .  Atque  surrexit  his  temporibus 
ex  theologorum  schola  invictus  haereticus  qui  has  Ly- 
curgi  et  Solonis  leges  assereret  licere  etiam  in  ecclesia, 
Martinus  Lutherus :  quod  vos  ideo  scire  volo  ne  putetis 
non  etiam  theologos  esse  lenones." 

The  last  sentence  is  omitted  in  the  English. 

A.  DE  MORGAN. 


MICHAEL  JOHNSON  OF  LICHFIELD:  THE  FIRST 
BOOK  PRINTED  AT  BIRMINGHAM:  WOLLAS- 
TON,  AUTHOR  OF  "THE  RELIGION  OF  NA- 
TURE DELINEATED." 

Books  bearing  the  imprint  of  the  worthy  "  Lich- 
field librarian,"  are  not  of  frequent  occurrence ; 
nor  were  they  probably  numerous.  An  early  one 
is  the  work  of  Dr.  Floyer  :  — 

"  Preternatural  State  of  the  Humours  described. 
Printed  for  Michael  Johnson.  4to.  1696." 

A  publication  of  later  date  is  entitled  :  — 
"  An  Exposition  of  the  Revelations,  by  shewing  the 
Agreement  of  the  Prophetical  Symbols  with  the  History 
of  the  Roman,  Saracen,  and  Ottoman  Empire,  and  of  the 
Popedom,  &c.  8vo.  Printed  for  M.  Johnson,  Bookseller 
in  Litchfield.  1719." 

On  the  fly-leaf  of  this  copy  is  written  :  — 
"  This  M.  Johnson  was  Michael  Johnson,  the  father 
of  Dr.  Samuel  Johnson.    I  do  not  recollect  to  have  seen 
his  name  to  any  other  book  or  pamphlet.  — ISAAC  REED, 
1787." 

A  rare  local  tract,  penes  me,  is  entitled  :  — 
"  The  Christian  Synagogue :  or,  the  Original  Use  and 
Benefit  of  Parochial  Churches,  set  forth  in  a  SERMON 
Preached  at  BYRMINGHAM,  in  the  County  of  WARWICK, 
on  the  Feast  of  St.  Philip  and  St.  James,  Anno  MDCCX, 
at  a  General  Meeting  of  the  Commissioners  appointed  for 
the  Building  an  Additional  Parochial  Church  in  Byr- 
mingham,  which  by  Virtue  of  a  late  Act  of  Parliament 
is  to  be  called  St.  Philip's  Church.  Publish'd  at  the 
desire  of  the  Commissioners  and  Inhabitants  of  the  Place. 
By  WILLIAM  BINCKES,  D.D.,  Dean  of  LICHFIELD.  Lon- 
don :  Printed  for  Jonah  Bowyer,  at  the  Rose  in  Ludgate 
St.;  and  Michael  Johnson^  Bookseller  in  Lichfield. 
MDCCX.  8vo."  Pp.  22. 

The  connection  of  Dr.  Binckes  with  Lichfield 
would  be  a  sufficient  reason  for  his  sermon  being 


placed  in  the  hands  of  Johnson,  instead  of  printed 
in  the  town  in  which  it  was  delivered.  Did  not, 
however,  a  more  cogent  reason  exist  in  the  fact, 
that  Birmingham — then,  as  now,  the  most  Bceotic 
of  towns — did  not  at  that  time  possess  a  printing- 
press  capable  of  producing  the  work  ?  The  sup- 
position that  this  may  have  been  the  case  is, 
perhaps,  erroneous ;  but  the  research  of  years  has 
been  unsuccessful  in  discovering  any  book  or 
pamphlet  earlier  than  1717  —  seven  years  later 
than  the  date  of  the  sermon  alluded  to. 

The  scarce,  if  not  unique  tract,  bearing  this 
date,  is  entitled :  — 

"  A  LOTAL  ORATION.  Giving  a  short  account  of 
several  plots,  some  purely  Popish,  others  mixt :  the  for- 
mer contriv'd  and  carry'd  on  by  Papists,  the  latter  both 
by  Papists  and  also  Protestants  of  the  High-Church 
Party  united  together  against  our  Church  and  State ;  as 
also,  of  the  many  Deliverances  which  Almighty  God  has 
vouchsafd  to  us  since  the  Reformation.  Compos'd  by 
JAMES  PARKINSON,  formerly  fellow  of  LINCOLN  College,  in 
OXFORD,  now  Chief  Master  of  the  Free-School  of  Birming- 
ham, in  Warwickshire ;  and  spoke  by  his  Son  on  the  10th 
day  of  December,  1716.  And  now  "publish'd  at  the  Re- 
quest of  Captain  Thetford,  Captain  Shugborough,  and 
several  other  Officers  of  the  Prince's  Own  Royal  Regi- 
ment of  Welsh  Fusileers,  and  other  Loyal  Gentlemen. 
To  which  is  annex'd,  by  way  of  Postscrip't,  the  Author's 
Letter  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Higgs,  Rector  of  St.  Philip's 
Church,  in  Birmingham ;  who,  upon  hearing  this  Loyal 
Speech,  was  so  displeas'd  and  nettl'd  with  it,  and  parti- 
cularly with  that  Passage  that  relates  to  BIDDING 
PRAYERS,  which  he  constantly  uses,  that  on  the  Sunday 
following  he  could  not  forbear  reviling  the  author  in  his 
Sermon,  calling  the  Speech  a  scurrilous  Discourse,  and 
the  Composer  thereof  a  Slanderer  and  Calumniator. 
Birmingham:  Printed  and  Sold  by  Matthew  Unwin, 
near  St.  Martin's  Church.  1717.  4to."  Pp.  40. 

We  must  not,  however,  forget  that  Birming- 
ham is  a  town  of  altogether  modern  growth  ;  and 
that  its  unimportance  at  the  time  referred  to,  and 
even  many  years  later,  would  perhaps  account 
for  the  absence  of  a  printing  office  capable  of 
undertaking  book-work.  Even  so  late  as  Oct.  13, 
1733,  we  find  a  letter  from  the  then  Bishop  of 
Lichfield  and  Coventry,  writing  on  the  subject  of 
the  Free- School,  and  expressing  his  "  disposition 
to  concur  in  a  scheme  for  restoring  its  credit  and 
prosperity,"  addressed : 

"  MR.  WILLIAM  RUSSELL, 
Senr,  at  his  house,  in  Edgbaston  Street,  in 

Birmingham,  Warwickshire. 
Tarn  at 
Coleshill.        Free.    Rich1*  Lich.  &  Cov." 

It  was  just  about  this  time  that  Johnson  was 
visiting  his  friend  Hector,  the  surgeon,  at  the 
louse  of  Warren,  "  the   first  established  book- 
seller "  in  Birmingham  ;  for  whom  he  translated 
Father  Lobo's  Voyage   to  Abyssinia  (printed   in 
Birmingham  in  1735,  though  with  the   London 
mprint  on  the  title) ;  and  for  whose  newspaper 
e  furnished  those  "periodical  essays,"   the   re- 
overy  of  which  would  be  a  matter  of  so  much 
nterest. 


3rA  S.  IV.  Nov.  14,  '63.] 


389 


The  Rev.  James  Parkinson,  author  of  the 
above-mentioned  Loyal  Oration,  appears  to  have 
been  a  very  troublesome  fellow.  He  was  ap- 
pointed head-master  by  the  governors,  in  1694, 
"  out  of  compassion,  as  he  had  lost  his  fellowship, 
it  being  all  he  had  to  depend  on."  The  fact  was, 
he  had  been  expelled  from  the  University  for  his 
anti-monarchical  principles — a  circumstance  of 
which  his  patrons  were,  doubtless,  aware ;  but 
trusting  that  he  had  grown  wiser  by  experience, 
they  elected  him,  and  hoped  that  he  "  would  be 
peaceable  in  his  office."  But  they  were  doomed 
to  disappointment,  as  the  following  document,  ex- 
cerpted from  their  minutes,  attests : 

"  Mem.  That  upon  the  24th  day  of  June,  A.D.  1709, 
Wee,  the  Governors  of  the  Free  Grammar  School  in 
Birmm,  who  have  subscribed  our  names,  having  con- 
sidered ye  behaviour  of  Mr  Parkinson,  who  officiates  as 
cheife-Master  in  yc  sayd  schoole,  and  finding  that  the 
sayed  schoole,  which  was  flourishing  and  usefull  before 
he  came  to  it,  doth  dayly  decline  thro'  his  mismanage- 
ment and  unquiettness,  and  unfittness  to  be  cheife-master 
there,  Doe  in  Discharge  of  our  trust  unanimously  order 
that  an  eject'  may  be  presented  ag*  him,  and  such  other 
speedy  course  taken  for  removing  him  from  the  sayd 
office  of  cheife-master  as  councill  shall  advise,  to  the 
end  a  more  ritt  master  may  be  elected  in  his  roome ;  and 
wee  order  that  a  Defense  be  made  for  us  to  the  bill  in 
Chancery  by  him  brought  age  us  in  the  name  of  the 
Attorney  Generall,  and.  all  the  Relation  of  the  said  Mr 
Parkinson.  And  out  of  civility  to  him,  tho'  we  don't  ap- 
prehend he  much  deserves  it,  we  direct  notice  to  be  given 
to  him  of  this  our  order,  that  he  may  seek  for  another 
place  where  he  may  be  more  useful." — Signed  by  SAML. 
EDEN,  and  eleven  other  Governors. 

These  gentlemen  do  not  seem  to  have  prospered 
with  their  suit;  as  we  find,  in  1711,  an  entry 
of— 

"  Sundry  payments  on  accompt  of  Chancery  suit,  inter 
alia,  £50  to  Mr  Parkinson  (Head-Master),  by  order  of 
the  Court,  towards  his  expenses  in  the  suit." 

I  believe  that  he  was  finally  got  rid  of  by  pen- 
sion. He  died  March  28,  1722,  and  was  suc- 
ceeded in  his  office  by  the  Rev.  John  Hansted. 

A  few  years  before  the  appointment  of  Mr. 
Parkinson  to  the  head-mastership,  the  place  of 
"usher,"  or  second-master,  had  been  held  for  two 
years  (1686-8)  by  the  Rev.  William  Wollaston, 
M.A.,  author  of  the  well-known  treatise,  The 
Religion  of  Nature  Delineated;  and  alluded  to  by 
Bishop  Butler,  in  the  preface  to  his  Three  Ser- 
mons, as  "  a  late  author  of  great  and  deserved 
reputation."  From  the  preface  to  the  octavo,  and 
best  edition  of  The  Religion  of  Nature  (1750),  we 
are  informed  that  he  had  held  a  subordinate  posi- 
tion in  the  same  school  since  June,  1682  .- 

"  About  which  Time,  seeing  no  Prospect  of  Prefer- 
ment, He  so  far  conformed  himself  to  the  Circumstances 
of  his  Fortune  as  to  become  Assistant  to  the  Head-Master 
of  Birmingham  School." 

His  accession  in  1688,  to  "a  very  ample  estate," 
enabled  him  to  resign  his  appointment ;  and  this 


was  not  before  it  was  necessary,  for,  having  "  got 
a  small  Lectorship  in  a  Chapel,  abont  two  miles 
distant,"  and  doing  "  the  Duty  of  the  whole  Sun- 
day," he  found  that  this  labour,  "  and  the  business 
of  the  Great  Free- School,  for  about  four  years, 
began  to  break  his  Constitution ;  and  if  continued, 
had  probably  overcome  it  quite,  though  the  sta- 
mina of  it  were  naturally  very  strong." 

It  is  singular  that  no  other  name  of  literary 
eminence  is  to  be  found  in  the  list  of  head,  or 
second  masters  of  this  school :  unless,  indeed,  it 
be  that  of  the  late  Rev.  Rann  Kennedy,  the  friend 
of  Dr.  Parr,  and  a  poet  of  considerable  original 
genius.  WILLIAM  BATES. 

Edgbaston. 


VIXEN.  | 

On  pp.  500  and  501  of  a  book  entitled,  "  The 
English  Language,  by  R.  G.  Latham,  M.A.,  M.D., 
&c.  fifth  edition,  London,  1862,"  are  these  words  : 

"  The  chief  affix  by  which  the  name  of  a  male  is  con- 
verted into  that  of  a  female,  is  in  German  -in ;  so  that 
(romfreund  —friend,  we  get  freund-inn  =female friend," 

A  little  lower  are  the  following  remarks  :  — 

"  This  being  the  case,  its  absence  in  English  is  re- 
markable, the  only  word  in  which  it  is  believed  to  exist 
at  the  present  moment  is  vixen  =  female  fox  =fiichsinn, 
Germ.  I  am,  however,  by  no  means  certain  that  the 
word  is  not  of  recent  introduction." 

The  word  vixen  was  formerly  written  Jixen,  and 
was  in  use  in  the  seventeenth  century,  as  is  shown 
by  the  following  quotations.  The  first  is  from  — 
"A  Restitution  of  Decayed  Intelligence  in  Antiqui- 
ties :  Concerning  the  most  noble,  and  renowned 
English  Nation.  By  the  study  and  travell  of  R. 
V[erstegan].  London,  1634,"  on  p.  334  of  which 
are  these  words  :  — 

"  FIXEN.  This  is  the  name  of  a  she-fox,  otherwise 
and  more  anciently /oTt'ra.  It  is  in  reproach  applyed  to 
woman  whose  nature  and  condition  is  thereby  compared 
to  a  she-fox." 

The  second  quotation  is  from  a  book  entitled  — 
"  The  Battle-Door  for  Teachers  and  Professors  to 
learn  Singular  and  Plural ;  You  to  Many,  and 
Thou  to  one.  Singular  one,  Thou ;  Plural  many, 
You,  &c." 

"  In  the  latter  part  of  this  Book  are  contained  several 
bad  unsavoury  Words,  gathered  forth  of  certain  School- 
Books,  which 'have  been  taught  Boyes  in  England,  which 
is  a  Rod  and  a  Whip  to  the  Schoolmasters  in  England 
and  elsewhere  who  teach  such  Books.  George  Fox,  John 
Stubs,  Benjamin  Furley.  London,  1660." 

On  page  16  of  the  latter  part  I  find  these  words 
taken  from  "  Bibliotheca  Scholastica  Instructissima  ; 
or,  a  Treasury  of  Antient  Adagies,  and  sententious 
Proverbs,  selected  out  of  the  English,  Greek, 
Latine,  French,  Italian,  and  Spanish.  Published 
by  Thomas  Draxe,  Batchelour  in  Divinity," 
namely :  — 


390 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3«-a  S.  IV.  Nov.  14,  '€3. 


"  P.  238.  Oriunda  e  furiis  Qualis  leaEnae  est,  talis  ira 
foeminoe.  Mala«nulier  cunctis  feris  est  ferocior.  Artificiosa 
est  nocere,  raulier  quum  vult,  Val.  A  fixen,  limbe  of 
the  Devil,"  &c. 

Very  likely  some  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
have  found  the  word  fixen  =  vixen  in  some  work 
earlier  in  date  than  those  I  have  spoken  of  above. 
EDWIN  ARMISTEAD. 

Leeds. 


JEREMY  COLLIER  ON  THE  STAGE. 

I  have  recently  looked  over  a  volume,  which, 
though  it  made  an  immense  sensation,  and  more- 
over, had  a  great  effect  at  the  time  of  its  appear- 
ing, is  very  little  known  at  present,  viz.  Jeremy 
Collier's  work  against  the  stage,  specially  of  his 
day.  Collier  was  born  in  1650,  and  became  a 
divine  of  great  learning  and  activity.  The  most 
known  of  his  publications  was  that  to  which  I 
refer,  entitled  — 

"  A  short  View  of  the  Immorality  and  Profaneness  of 
the  English  Stage;  together  with  the  Sense  of  Antiquity 
upon  this  Argument." 

Dryden,  Congreve,  and  others  had  certainly 
done  much  to  provoke  such  a  diatribe.  It  met 
with  fierce  and  clever  antagonists,  specially  among 
the  dramatists  attacked ;  but  the  learned  author 
manfully  stood  his  ground,  retorted  on  his  oppo- 
nents with  no  less  spirit  than  that  with  which  he 
undertook  the  controversy,  and  had  the  honour  of 
causing  Dryden  to  confess  the  impropriety  in 
many  of  his  publications,  and  to  obtain  an  honour- 
able testimony  from  the  pen  of  Dr.  Johnson. 
"  At  last,"  says  he,  "  comedy  grew  more  modest, 
and  Collier  lived  to  see  the  reward  of  his  labour 
in  the  reformation  of  the  theatre." 

The  copy  before  me  is  the  2nd  edition,  pub- 
lished so  rapidly  as  to  appear  in  the  same  year 
with  the  first.  The  author  hits  hard — in  a  style 
more  learned  and  vehement  than,  to  me  at  least, 
interesting  or  attractive ;  and  I  should  think  that, 
at  the  present  day,  few  would  read  the  book, 
though  not  long,  without  much  of  that  skipping  to 
which  I  readily  confess. 

The  book  is  divided  into  five  chapters.  The 
first  treats  of  the  "  immodesty  of  the  stage  "  of  the 
day,  and  dwells  on  the  writings  of  heathen  dra- 
matists as  on  this  head,  far  superior.  Plautus, 
Terence,  Seneca,  the  Greek  tragedians,  and  Aristo- 
phanes are  favourably  contrasted,  and  the  plays 
of  Beaumont,  Fletcher,  and  Corneille  are  quoted 
in  the  same  light. 

The  2nd  chapter  treats  of  the  stage  as  profane, 
with  a  multitude  of  illustrations  from  the  favourite 
pieces  of  the  day  ;  e.  g.  The  Mock  Astrologer,  The 
Orphan,  Old  Bachelor,  Double  Dealer,  Don  Sebas- 
tian, Love  for  Love,  &c.  To  this  is  added  a  simi- 
lar comparison  with  that  of  the  previous  chapter, 


in  favour  of  heathen  over  professedly  Christian 
dramatists. 

The  3rd  chapter  is  the  shortest  in  the  volume, 
and  treats  of  the  ridicule  and  depreciation  of  the 
clergy  contained  in  the  plays  of  the  day.  Much 
learning  is  introduced  in  a  brief  compass  with  refer- 
ence to  the  honour  due.  to  the  clerical  profession, 
and  granted,  with  few  exceptions,  at  all  limes  and 
in  all  countries.  To  show  the  variety  of  our  author's 
argument,  and  to  give  a  specimen  of  his  style,  I 
quote  a  passage  on  the  rank  of  many  of  the  clerical 
order : — 

"  Odo,  brother  to  William  the  Conqueror,  was  Bishop 
of  Baieux,  and  Earl  of  Kent.  King  Stephen's  brother 
was  Bishop  of  Winchester.  Nevill,  Archbishop  of  York, 
was  brother  to  the  great  Earl  of  Warwick,  and  Cardinal 
Pool  was  of  the  Royal  Family.  To  come  a  little  lower  and 
to  our  own  times.  And  here  we  may  reckon  not  a  few 
persons  of  noble  descent  in  holy  orders.  Witness  the 
Berklyes,  Comptons,  Montaynes,  Crews,  and  Norths ;  the 
Annesleys,  Finchs,  Grayhams,  &c.  And  as  for  the  gentry, 
there  are  not  many  good  families  in  England,  but  either 
have  had  or  have  a  clergyman  in  them." — Pp.  135-C. 

The  4th  chapter  is  headed  "  Immorality  en- 
couraged by  the  Stage."  The  ancients  are  again 
quoted  as,  on  this  head,  less  culpable.  Pleasure, 
as  the  sole  end  of  poetry  and  poetic  action,  is 
condemned,  and  a  higher  one  enforced  in  various 
ways,  as  by  quotations  from  Aristotle,  Quin- 
tilian,  Ben  Jonson,  and  others;  and  the  extra- 
vagant rant,  the  treatment  of  women,  the  coarse 
usage  of  the  nobility,  and  the  licentious  freedom 
of  the  English  stage,  as  shown  at  the  time  beyond 
that  of  any  other  country,  is  severely  criticised. 
Quotations  in  proof  are  made  from  the  Spanish 
friar,  King  Arthur,  Love  Triumphant,  and  others. 
The  /5th  chapter  deals  specifically  with  three 
plays ;  the  two  first  by  Dryden,  Amphitryon  and 
King  Arthur ;  the  last  one  little  known  now,  Don 
Quixote  by  Durfey,  charging  them  straight  home, 
and  on  close  criticism,  with  various  transgressions 
against  propriety,  morality,  and  religion.  So  with 
The  Relapse  also. 

The  6th,  and  concluding  chapter,  is  a  very 
learned  collection  of  the  opinions  against  the 
stage,  declared  by  states,  codes,  councils,  Fathers 
of  the  Church,  and  in  a  multitude  of  other  docu- 
ments quoted  on  the  author's  side. 

I  think  that  this  analysis,  in  which  brcvis  esse 
laboro  to  the  very  best  of  my  capacity,  may  have 
some  interest  for  readers  such  as  those  whom  the 
pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  usually  meet.  A  small  pro- 
portion only,  I  should  suppose,  have  read  the 
original  book,  but  few  of  them  will  have  attended 
to  the  general  literature  of  the  last  century,  with- 
out being  frequently  reminded  of  it  and  its  author. 

FRANCIS  TRENCH. 

Islip,  Oxford. 


3"'S.  IV.  Nov.  14, '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


391 


"  SHADES,"  A  PUBLIC-HOUSE  BAR  :  ORIGIN  OF 
THE  WORD.  —  The  word  "  Shades  "  emblazoned 
over  the  door  of  a  gin-palace,  brilliant  with  plate 
glass,  mirrors,  and  lamps,  must  have  frequently 
struck  us  from  its  inappropriateness;  and,  from 
the  non-umbrageous  character  of  the  apartment 
designated  by  the  mysterious  word,  we  may  have 
concluded  that  the  title  was  selected  on  the  lucus 
a  non  principle.  Its  origin  is  thus  explained  by 
the  late  Mr.  J.  Ackerson  Erredge,  in  bis  History 
of  Brigltthelmstone,  1862,  pp.  338-9  :  — 

"  The  Brighton  Old  Bank  was  at  first  in  Steine  Lane, 
with  a  second  public  entrance  by  the  side  way  to  the  Pa- 
vilion Shades;  from  whence,  in  1819,  it  was  transferred 
to  the  apartments  now  the  coffee-room  of  the  Pavilion 
Hotel,  Mr.  Edmund  Savage,  who  had  obtained  the  license 
in  1816,  having  arranged  with  the  bankers  that  they 
should  rebuild  the  house  in  the  Castle  Square  front,  so 
that  they  might  have  the  bank  on  the  ground  floor  of  the 
new  building,  and  give  up  the  rooms  in  Steine  Lane  in 
exchange.  The  room  where  the  banking  business  had 
been  transacted  Mr.  Savage  then  appropriated  to  a  smok- 
ing room,  and  converted  the  clerks*  room  into  a  gin-shop. 
But  as  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  was  then  living  immediately  op- 
posite, in  Steine  Lane,  he  was  fearful  of  offending  her  by 
placing  any  writing  on  the  house ;  the  thought,  however, 
struck  him,  that  inasmuch  as  the  height  of  Mrs.  Fitzher- 
bert's  house,  to  the  south  of  him,  prevented  the  sun  from 
shining  upon  his  house,  he  would  adopt  the  word  "  Shades," 
and  place  it  over  the  door,  where  had  before  been  written 
"Bank,"  that  being  the  only  word  used  to  publish  the 
place.  An  immense  trade  was  soon  carried  on  iu  that 
little  room,  where  three  young  men  found  full  employ- 
ment in  serving  at  the  counter,  and  two  as  porters  were 
engaged  besides.  The  extensive  trade  there  obtained 
soon  induced  other  publicans  to  adopt  the  word  "  Shades  " 
to  their  bars ;  and  at  the  present  time  there  is  scarcely  a 
public  house  in  the  kingdom  but  uses  the  term.  The 
only  place  previously  where  the  word  "  Shades "  was 
adopted  was  at  a  vault  near  Old  London  Bridge,  where 
nothing  was  sold  but  wine  measured  from  the  wood." 

CUTHBERT  BEDE. 

THE  RIVER  THAMES  DESCRIBED  BY  SIR  WALTER 
SCOTT. — Tn  Kenilworth,  chap,  xv.,  speaking  of  the 
Thames  at  Deptford,  Scott  says, — 

"  They  were  soon  launched  on  the  princely  bosom  of  the 
broad  Thames,  upon  which  the  sun  now  shone  forth  in  all 
its  splendour.  'There  are  two  things  scarce  matched  in 
the  universe,'  said  (Sir)  Walter  (Raleigh)  to  Blount,  '  the 
sun  in  heaven,  and  the  Thames  on  the  earth.'  " 

Then  Scott  subsequently  makes  Raleigh  call  it 
"  the  king  of  rivers."  Londoners  certainly  can- 
not complain  that  this  does  not  do  ample  justice 
to  their  river.  But  in  chap.  xiii.  we  have  — 

"  At  length  Wayland  paused  in  the  midst  of  a  very 
narrow  lane,  the  termination  of  which  showed  a  peep  of 
the  Thames,  looking  misty  and  muddy." 

Now  it  may  be  questioned  whether  the  Thames 
was  muddy  three  hundred  years  ago  ;  for  we  find 
that  a  Sir  John  Packington,  who  "  was  remarkable 
for  his  stature  and  comely  personage,"  and  who 


was  a  great  favourite  at  court  (the  Queen,  accord- 
ing to  the  author  of  Historical  Anecdotes,  upon  a 
parity  of  deserts,  always  preferring  properness  of 
person  in  conferring  her  favours), — 
"  Entered  into  articles  to  swim  against  three  noble 
courtiers,  for  three  thousand  pounds,  from  the  bridge  at 
Westminster  to  the  bridge  at  Greenwich,  but  the  Queen, 
by  her  special  command,  prevented  the  putting  it  in  ex- 
ecution." 

Had  the  river  at  this  time  been  muddy,  it  is  un- 
likely that  such  a  bet  would  have  been  proposed ; 
beside,  from  the  circumstance  of  its  being  made, 
it  would  appear  that  swimming  in  the  Thames  was 
not  an  unusual  pastime  with  the  court  gallants, 
for  probably  what  Elizabeth  objected  to  was  the 
amount  of  the  stake,  which  was  an  enormous  sum 
in  those  days.  The  account  of  the  bet  is  taken 
from  an  old  Baronetage,  printed  in  1720,  and 
that  professes  to  derive  it  from  MS.  Memoirs  of 
Sir  John,  written  by  "  Mr.  Tomkins,  Prebendary 
of  Worcester,  who  personally  knew  this  knight." 
It  would  be  an  interesting  matter  to  ascertain 
when  the  mists  and  fogs  of  London  are  first  men- 
tioned. THOS.  DE  MESCHIN. 

THE  NAMES  ARTHUR  AND  GUINEVERE.  —  In  a 
notice  in  The  Times,  October  22,  of  Miss  Yonge's 
History  of  Christian  Names,  it  is  stated  that — 

"  One  of  the  few  British  names  found  in  Cornwall  is 
Ginfer  or  Jennefer,  which  seems  to  be  a  corruption  of 
Guinevere.  The  name  of  Arthur's  guilty  queen  has  been 
carried  all  over  the  continent.  In  the  Italian  it  is  Gene- 
vra,  used  by  Rogers  in  his  version  of  the  story  told  in 
the  old  song  of  the  '  Mistletoe  Bough ; '  and  it  seems  to 
be  the  Ge'ne'vieve  made  familiar  to  us  by  Coleridge's 
poem.  Arthur  was  as  widely  known,  but  seems  never 
to  have  been  so  much  used ;  while  Uter  or  Uthyr,  the 
father  of  the  blameless  king,  is  not  found  elsewhere." 

Is  there  not  good  reason  for  supposing  that  the 
name  of  Arthur  was  but  another  form  of  his  father's 
name,  Uther  ?  This  last  is  as  often  spelt  with  th 
as  with  t.  The  u  which  takes  the  place  of  the  e, 
has  in  the  position  occupied  a  similar  sound. 
With  regard  to  the  change  in  the  initial,  one  could 
almost  fancy  that  some  ingenious  scribe  had  sim- 
ply reversed  the  ancient  V,  which  represented 
U,  making  the  word  "Ather."  Read  as  thus  spelt, 
the  sound  would  easily  glide  into  Arthur.  On 
referring  to  a  grammar  of  the  Welsh  language,  I 
see  that  u  has  the  power  of  the  English  e  in  me, 
as  well  as  that  of  i  in  thin ;  thus  we  obtain  a 
nearer  approach  to  the  sound  of  the  initial  A.  _ 

In  Wright's  History  of  Ireland,  quoted  in  a 
letter  to  The  Times,  Phenius,  King  of  the  Scy- 
thians, ;  is  said  to  have  commanded  a  digest  of 
the  Irish  language,  cultivated  in  the  college  he 
founded  on  the  plain  of  Shenaar,  to  be  made  by 
Gadel,  its  president,  the  son  of  Eathur.  Gadel 
divided  the  language  into  five  several  dialects  ;  the 
fifth,  or  common  idiom,  used  in  general  by  the 
people,  was  named  after  the  President  Gavid 
healg.  Is  it  not  probable  that  we  have  here  also 


392 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[3"i  S.  IV.  Nov.  14,  '63. 


the  David  of  Wales,  since  an  opinion  prevails  that 
the  Phoenicians  found  their  way  into  that  country  ? 

E.  L.  H. 

G-REAT  GUNS.  —  In  The  Thesaurus  of  Martene 
and  Durand,  ed  1717,  vol.  i.  p.  1819,  appears  a 
narrative  by  Francisco  de  Franc  and  others,  of  the 
siege  of  Constantinople  in  1453,  in  which  occurs 
the  following  passage  :  — 

"  Oudit  siege  s'y  avoit  plusieurs  bombardes  et  autres 
instruments  pour  abatre  le  mur,  et  entre  les  autres  une 
grande  bombarde  de  metail,  tirant  pierre  de  neuf  espaulx 
et  quatre  dois  d'entour,  et  pesant  mille  quatre  cens  cin- 
quante  une  livres,  les  autres  tirans  dix  ou  douze  centeners ; 
lesquelles  bombardes  tiroient  chascun  jour  de  cent  &  six- 
vingt  coups,  et  dura  cecy  cinquante-cinq  jours :  par  quoy 
on  compte  qu'ils  employerent  chascun  jour  mille  livres  de 
poudre  de  bombarde,"  &c. 

Have  we  any  authentic  records  of  cannon  balls 
at  all  approaching  this  magnitude  at  so  early  a 
period  ?  What  was  the  measure  of  length  known 
as  the  epaule  ?  I  do  not  find  it  in  any  early 
French  dictionary.  The  circumference  of  a  stone 
ball  weighing  1451  Ibs.  English,  would  be  about 
92  inches,  and  this  would  give  some  9'8  inches  as 
the  length  of  the  epaule.  J.  ELIOT  HODGKIN. 

WESTALL'S  WOODMAN.  —  It  is  always  interest- 
ing to  know  the  originals  of  popular  pictures, 
when  they  have  been  taken  from  real  life.  I 
therefore  transcribe  the  following  paragraph  from 
the  obituary  of  the  Gent.  Mag.  in  1813  :  — 

"  Aged  107,  Michael  Baily,  a  native  of  Sherbourn,  co. 
York,  and  the  person  who  sat  for  the  painting  called  The 
Woodman.  He  was  a  very  regular  man,  and  from  the 
age  of  fifty,  when  he  first  came  to  London,  till  he  attained 
his  hundredth  year,  he  was  a  day-labourer." 

I  conclude  that  the  picture  in  question  is  that 
by  Richard  Westall,  R.A.,  and  shall  be  glad  to  be 
informed  who  now  possesses  it.  J.  G.  N. 

BLAIR'S  "  GRAVE." — In  that  neglected  repository 
of  literary  information,  The  European  Magazine, 
there  occurs  the  following  letter  relative  to  an 
obvious  plagiarism  by  the  author  of  The  Grave, 
which  is  worth  transferring  to  the  pages  of 
"  N.  &  Q." 

"  To  the  Editor  of  the  European  Magazine. 
"  Sir, — Eeading  a  few  evenings  since  the  ingenious 
Heranio's  Leisure  Amusements  for  the  Month  of  January, 
I  was  forcibly  struck  with  the  very  close  resemblance  of 
two  lines  in  the  stanzas  he  quotes  from  the  poem  written 
by  Norris  in  1696,  under  the  title  of  "  The  Meditation," 
and  two  lines  in  Blair's  "  Grave." 

The  lines  I  allude  to  are  the  first  two  of  the  second 
verse  quoted  from  Norris  — 

"  '  Some  courteous  ghost  tell  this  great  secrecy, 
What  'tis  you  are,  and  we  must  be.' 

"Blair's  are,  to  the  best  of  my  recollection  (for  I  have 
not  been  able  just  at  this  time"  to  lay  my  hand  on  the 
poem  itself)  — 

'  O  that  some  courteous  ghost  would  blab  it  out, 

What  'tis  ye  are,  and  we  must  shortly  be ! ' 
almost  word  for  word. 


"  Heranio  also  expresses  an  idea,  that  from  the  penul- 
timate, or  last  verse  but  one,  some  poet  has  taken  an 
expression.  I  perfectly  agree  with  him  in  that  idea, 
and  think  it  would  be  found  in  Blair's  '  Grave,'  but  un- 
fortunately cannot  at  this  moment  point  it  out. 
"  I  am,  Sir, 

"  With  great  respect, 

"  Your  very  obedient 
«  Feb.  18th,  1805."  "  J.  M.  L." 

The  first  edition  of  The  Grave  is  of  very  rare 
occurrence.  I  had  never,  after  a  careful  search 
of  many  years,  been  able  to  procure  a  copy.  Re- 
cently I  have  found  one  in  the  Library  of  the 
Faculty  of  Advocates,  unfortunately  very  much 
cropped.  It  is  dated  Edinburgh,  1747,  12mo. 

J.  M. 

WHO  WRITE  OUR  NEGRO  SONGS  ?  —  Is  this 
cutting  worth  a  place  in  "  N.  &  Q. "  ?  — 

"  The  principal  writer  of  our  national  music  is  said  to 
be  Stephen  C.  Foster,  the  author  of  '  Uncle  Ned,'  '  Oh, 
Susannah,'  &c.  Mr.  Foster  resides  near  Pittsburgh, 
where  he  occupies  a  moderate  clerkship,  upon  which,  and 
the  percentage  on  the  sale  of  his  songs,  he  depends  for  a 
living.  He  writes  the  poetry,  as  well  as  the  music,  of 
his  songs.  They  are  sung  wherever  the  English  lan- 
guage is  spoken,  while  the  music  is  heard  wherever  men 
sing.  In  the  cotton  fields  of  the  South,  among  the  mines 
of  California  and  Australia,  in  the  sea-coast  cities  of 
China,  in  Paris,  in  the  London  prisons,  everywhere  in 
fact,  his  melodies  are  heard.  '  Uncle  Ned '  was  the  first. 
This  was  published  in  1846,  and  reached  a  sale  till  then 
unknown  in  the  music  publishing  business.  Of '  The  Old 
Folks  at  Home '  100,000  copies  have  been  sold  in  this 
country,  and  as  many  more  in  England.  '  My  Old  Ken- 
tucky Home '  and  '  Old  Dog  Tray,'  each  had  a  sale  of 
about  70,000.  All  his  other  songs  have  had  a  great  run." 
—  Western  Fireside,  Madison,  Wisconsin,  April  25,  1857. 

A. 

THE  '45.  — Whether  or  not  the  following  list 
of  such  of  Charles  Edward's  adherents,  as  had 
"  handles  to  their  names,"  has  ever  before  ap- 
peared in  print,  I  am  not  prepared  to  state.  It 
was  furnished  to  me  as  a  roll  of  the  officers  who 
accompanied  the  Highland  host  on  their  march 
through  Leek :  — 

"  Officers  in  the  Young  Pretenders  Army. 

"  Dukes  of  Perth  and  Athole. 

"  Marquises  of  Dundee  and  Montrose. 

"  Earls  of  Cromartie  and  Kilmarnock. 

"  Lords  Balmerino,  Strahallan,  Lovatt,  Lewis  Gordon, 
John  Drummond,  Macleod,  Nairn,  Pitsligo,  Elcho,  Ogil- 
vie,  John  Gordon  of  Glenbucket,  George  Murray. 

"  Sirs  John  Wedderburn,  John  Mackenzie,  James  Mac- 
kenzie, Hector  M'Lean,  Lauchlan  M'Lauchlan,  William 
Macpherson,  Wm.  Gordon,  Hugh  Montgomery,  George 
Witherington,  Archibald  Primrose,  David  Murray,  Wil- 
liam Dunbar.  (30)." 

JOHN  SLEIGH. 

Thornbridge,  Bakewell. 

A  FURNESS  DISTICH.  — 

"  London  is  a  big  place, 
But  in  Walney-isle's  a  Biggar.''' 

ESLIGH. 


S.  IV.  Nov.  U,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


393 


ALLEGORICAL  PAINTING.  —  Can  any  reader  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  give  me  an  explanation  of  the  curious 
old  painting,  which  I  will  attempt  to  describe  ? 
In  the  centre  is  a  female  figure,  dressed  in  a 
scarlet  gown,  and  wearing  a  hat  decorated  with 
many  feathers.  Her  hair  is  yellow,  falling  in 
curls  on  her  shoulders.  The  dress  is  low  on  the 
bosom.  In  it  are  set  three  brooches,  the  centre 
one  being  larger  than  the  other  two.  From  these 
are  looped  strings  of  pearls.  Falling  over  the 
right  shoulder  is  a  green  scarf.  She  is  seated  in 
a  gilt  chair  with  a  bold  scrolled  back.  Beside  it 
is  an  elegantly  formed  gilt  chauldron,  from  which 
smoke  is  arising.  On  the  edge  of  this  vessel  the 
left  foot  is  placed;  the  right,  upon  which  is  worn 
a  high-heeled  boot  of  some  white  material,  and 
decorated  in  front  with  a  large  rosette  of  the  same 
colour,  is  placed  upon  some  instrument,  to  which 
is  attached  a  chain.  On  her  right  hand  is  a  kind 
of  stand,  upon  which  is  displayed  apparently  a 
quantity  of  silver  coin.  Beyond  this  is  a  table, 
upon  which  stands  a  vase  of  flowers,  containing, 
among  others,  a  rose  and  a  tulip,  and  falling  from 
the  table  and  scattered  about  are  various  rich 
vessels  of  gold  and  silver.  At  her  foot  is  an  im- 
perial crown.  On  the  floor  is  a  pack  of  playing- 
cards,  the  ace  of  spades,  which  is  plain,  being 
exposed  on  the  top  ;  and  scattered  about  are  the 
ace  of  clubs  and  diamonds,  the  tray  of  hearts,  the 
five  of  diamonds,  and  one  or  two  others.  Behind 
the  principal  figure,  or  rather  perhaps  on  her  left 
hand,  is  a  table  upon  which  is  a  skull  surmounted 
by  a  winged  hour-glass,  and  near  it  a  lighted 
candle  in  a  golden  candlestick.  Leaning  against 
the  table  is  a  large  viol  with  a  carved  head,  and 
beside  it  a  boy  seated,  apparently  blowing  a 
bubble.  The  picture  measures  6  feet  by  3  feet. 
It  is  not  devoid  of  merit  in  the  execution,  but  is 
in  very  bad  condition.  Some  of  the  details  I 
have  not  described.  I  shall  be  glad  to  know 
whether  this  curious  old  composition  has  everjbeen 
engraved,  and  by  whom  it  was  painted. 

JOHN  MACLEAN. 

Hammersmith. 

BEALBY  FAMILY.  —  Can  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents inform  me  whether  there  is  any  record 
of  the  connection  of  a  family  called  Bealby  with 
that  of  the  poet  Milton  ?  I  believe  the  Bealbys 
to  have  had  their  origin  in  Yorkshire. 

J.  A.  SYMONDS. 

Magdalen  College,  Oxford. 

JOSEPH  BOOTH'S  POLYGRAPHIC  EXHIBITION.  — 
Mr.  Joseph  Booth,  a  portrait  painter  of  Lewisham 
in  Kent,  exhibited  in  1791  a  series  of  reproduc- 
tions of  celebrated  pictures,  copied  "  by  a  chymi- 
cal  and  mechanical  process,"  and  which  had  been 
offered  to  the  public  two  years  before  under  the 


name  of  Polyplasiasmos.  No  pencil  was  employed 
in  their  production.  Can  any  of  the  corres- 
pondents of  "N,  &  Q."  refer  to  contemporary 
notices  of  these  pictures,  which  were  produced  in 
large  quantities,  and  sold  at  moderate  prices? 
or  state  where  any  specimens  are  now  preserved? 
HUGH  W.  DIAMOND. 

CONGREVE  OF  CoNGREVE. — What  was  the  Chris- 
tian name  of  a  Congreve  of  Congreve  and  Stretton, 
co.  Stafford,  who  was  a  member  of  parliament  in 
the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  and  introduced,  it  is 
believed,  the  bill  exempting  members  of  parlia- 
ment from  arrest  for  debt  ?  H. 

DE  QUINCEY'S  WORKS. — In  his  admirable  series 
of  papers  on  "  The  Caesars,"  De  Quincey  omits 
all  mention  of  Tiberius,  except  in  a  foot-note  to 
Chapter  III.,  which  is  devoted  to  (as  he  strangely 
states)  "  the  next  three  emperors,  Caligula,  Clau- 
dius, and  Nero ;  i.  e.  next  after  Augustus !  And 
yet  in  the  foot-note  De  Quincey  speaks  of  "  Tibe- 
rius, who  succeeded  his  adopted  father,  Augustus." 
Was  there  any  unexplained  reason  for  this  omis- 
sion ?  D.BLAIR. 

Melbourne. 

DIENLACRES,  STAFFORDSHIRE.  —  I  am  particu- 
larly anxious  to  obtain  as  correct  a  list  as  possible 
of  the  abbots  of  this  monastery.  The  following, 
compiled  from  Dugdale  and  other  sources,  is,  I 
am  well  aware,  very  incomplete ;  and  any  one 
able  to  amend  or  add  to  it,  will  much  oblige  by 
corresponding  direct  with  me :  — 

1.  Richard  was  the  1st  Abbot,  1214. 

2.  Adam,  Abbot  of  Denlacres  and  Pulthun,  in  a  deed 
penes  Mr.  Warburton  of  Arley. 

3.  Stephen  occurs  28th  Henry  III. 

4.  William  temp.  Thomas,  who  was  Abbot  of  Chester, 
1249-65. 

5.  1  lamon  in  1266,  and 

6.  Robert,  in  1299,   are  in  deeds  penes  Marquis  of 
Westminster. 

7.  Walter  de  Morton,  temp.  Matt,  de  Cranarch. 

8.  Nicholas  occurs  A.D.  1318. 

9.  John,  16th  Henry  VI. 

10.  Thomas,  A.D.  1499. 

11.  Adam  de  Whytmore,  and 

12.  John  Newton,  14th  Henry  VII.      (See  Ormerod's 
Cheshire.) 

13.  William  (Albon?),  llth  Henry  VIII. 

14.  Thomas  Whitney,  the  last  Abbot,  in  his  will,  dated 
1557,  desires  that  he  may  be  buried  in  Westminster 
Abbey. 

JOHN  SLEIGH. 

Thornbridge,  Bakewell. 

GUNPOWDER  IN  THE  REIGN  OF  RICHARD  II.  — 
In  Stowe's  London  (p.  448,  ed.  1603),  he  gives  an 
account  of  the  burning  of  the  Savoy  Palace  by  the 
rebels  of  Kent  and  Essex  in  1381.  He  says  :  — 

"They  found  there  certaine  barrels  of  gunpowder, 
which  they  thought  had  been  gold  or  silver,  and  throw- 
ing them  into  the  fire,  more  suddenly  than  they  thought, 
the  halle  was  blowne  uppe,  the  houses  destroyed,  and  them- 
selves very  hardly  escaped  away." 


394 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8*  S.  IV.  Nov.  14,  '63, 


The  authority  he  gives  for  this  in  the  margin 
are  these  words,  "  Liber  manuscript  French."  Is 
this  MS.  in  existence;  and  if  so,  where  can  it  be 
seen  ?  It,  might  add  an  important  item  to  the  his- 
tory of  the  invention  of  gunpowder.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

HERALDIC  QUERT  :  ELKANAH  SETTLE.— I  have 
before  me  a  very  fine  copy  of  one  of  the  numerous 
occasional  pieces  of  the  once  celebrated  city  poet, 
Elkanah  Settle.  It  is  entitled  — 

"Eusebia  Triumphans.  Carmen  Gratulatorium  Au- 
spicatissimae  Inauguration!  Hanoveranae  Successions,  in 
Augustimo  Principe  Georgio,  Dei  Gratia,  Magnae  Bri- 
tannioe,  Francise  et  Hibernizc  Rege,"  &c.  Londini,  anno 
MDCCXV.,  folio. 

This  volume  is  in  rich  old  purple  morocco,  with 
the  armorial  bearing  impressed  in  gold  on  each 
side.  Quarterly,  1st  and  4th,  ermine;  2nd  and 
3rd,  argent  (or  blank).  It  has  the  appearance  of 
having  been  bound  for  presentation,  and  I  should 
be  glad  to  know  to  whom  the  arms,  which  I  sus- 
pect to  be  imperfectly  blazoned,  may  be  in- 
scribed. 

I  am  here  reminded  of  another  query.  I  do 
not  see  that  the  Dean  of  Canterbury,  in  his  re- 
cent interesting  papers  in  Good  Words  on  the 
"Queen's  English,"  has  included  the  proper  name 
"  Elkanah  "  among  the  instances  of  pulpit  mispro- 
nunciation which  he  reprobates.  But  how  is  it 
that  on  the  3rd  Sunday  after  Trinity,  we  are  told 
through  the  length  and  breadth  of  the  land,  that 
"  Elkanah  went  to  Ramah  to  his  house."  What 
authority  is  there  for  so  pronouncing  this  name  ? 
The  penultimate  is  unquestionably  unaccented  in 
Hebrew,  and  in  the  time  of  Young,  he  and  his 
clerical  brethren  properly  accented  the  first  sylla- 
ble. Thus  this  poet  asks  — 

"  What  if  the  figure  should  in  fact  prove  true ! 
It  did  in  ELKANAH,  why  not  in  you  ? 
Poor  ELKANAH,  all  other  changes  past, 
For  bread  in  Smithfield  dragons  hist  at  last, 
Spit  streams  of  fire  to  make  the  butchers  gape, 
And  found  his  manners  suited  to  his  shape : 
Such  is  the  fate  of  talents  misapplied ; 
So  lived  your  prototype  —  and  so  he  died." 

Epistle  to  Pope. 

Poor  Settle  died  in  the  Charter  House,  Feb. 
1723-4.  WILLIAM  BATES. 

Edgbaston. 

SIR  THOMAS  JONES,  KNT.  —  Will  any  corre- 
spondent well  acquainted  with  the  annals  of 
London,  supply  the  following  dates  relative  to 
the  official  appointments  held  by  this  knight  ?  — 

1 .  In  what  year  was  he  placed  on  the  commis- 
sion of  the  peace  ? 

2.  In  what  year   was  he  elected  Registrar  of 
Memorials   relating  to  estates  for  the  county  of 
Middlesex  ? 

He  received  the  honour  of  knighthood  in  1715, 
and  died  in  1731.  LLALLAWG. 


ORATORIOS.  —  Who  are  authors  or  selectors  of 
the  words  of  the  following  oratorios?  1.  "Israel 
Restored,"  by  W.R. Bexfield,  Lond.  1852.  2.  "The 
Resurrection  and  Ascension,"  by  G.  J.  Elvey,  Mus. 
Doc.  3.  "Jerusalem,"  by  Wm.  Glover."  4. 
"  The  Crucifixion  and  Resurrection,"  by  J.  C. 
Whitfield,  Mus.  Doc.  5.  "  The  Crucifixion,"  by 
J.  Rippon,  London  (?).  6.  "Job,"  by  W.  Rus- 
sell, Mus.  Bac.  (about  1806.)  R.  INGLIS. 

ORIENTAL  QUERIES. — The  answers  I  so  readily 
obtained  on  those  subjects  which  puzzled  me 
when  beginning  my  Catalogue,  induce  me  to  ask  a, 
few  more. 

1.  Is  the  zerf  (metal  coffee-cup  holder)  used  in 
Turkey  as  well  as  in  Egypt  ? 

2.  What  is  the  name  of  the  sect  (Christian  ?} 
that  uses   a  cock  as  an  emblem  in  its  religious 
services  ?   A  sect  in  Syria. 

3.  What  is  "  The  celebrated  sword  of  the  ele- 
phant of  Haroon  Er-Rasheed  ?  " 

4.  What  is  the  correct  way  of  spelling  "  Yati- 
ghan  "  ? 

5.  Is  the  "  Pali  language "  a  dialect  of  Hin- 
doostanee  ? 

6.  What  is  the  Arabic  name  for  the  fly-swish, 
made   of  strips  of  palm-leaves,   used  in  Egypt  ? 
Lane  does  not  give  it. 

7.  Where  can  I  find  an  account  of  Ebn  Naseer 
ofFamegrut,  orFamgreet,  the  celebrated  Marabit, 
or  saint  ? 

I  shall  be  much  obliged  for  references  to  any 
information  on  the  above  subjects. 

JOHN  DAVIDSON. 

PAGANISM  IN  FRANCE. — 

"How  many  Englishmen  have  stood  on  that  Land's 
End  of  France,  the  Abbey  of  St.  Matthew,  deafened  by 
the  roar  and  churning  of  the  Atlantic  in  the  wild  caves  of 
the  Baie  des  Trespasses,  that  abbey  within  sight  of  which 
pagan  gods  had  their  last  European  altar,  their  last 
priests,  and  their  last  sacrifices,  and  that  down  to  1690." 
— Christian  Remembrancer,  Oct.  1863,  p.  425. 

I  should  be  glad  to  be  informed  what  is  known 
of  those  pagan  rites  to  which  the  writer  of  a  very 
interesting  article  on  French  Ecclesiology  alludes 
in  the  above  passage,  or  of  the  conversion  to  the 
Christian  faith  of  those  who  still  adhered  to  them 
at  so  late  a  period.  E.  H.  A. 

PEATBOGS.  —  I  was  recently  struck  with  ther 
vast  quantity  of  peat  in  the  valley  of  the  Somme 
and  its  tributaries,  extending  to  a  distance  of 
forty  miles  and  upwards  from  the  sea.  According 
to  Sir  Charles  Lyell,  it  averages  about  thirty  feet 
in  depth,  and  has  accumulated  above  the  fluviatile 
deposit,  in  which  such  remarkable  discoveries 
have  been  made  within  the  last  few  years. 

Is  such  an  extensive  system  peculiar  to  the 
Somme  ?  and  are  there  any  river  valleys  covered 
to  a  like  extent  with  that  vegetable  deposit  ? 
The  peat-bogs  in  the  British  islands  appear  more 


3'dS.  IV.  Nov.  14, '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


395 


usually  to  be  connected  with  a  system  of  lakes 
than  rivers.  THOS.  E.  WINNINGTON. 

THE  REV.  FREDERICK  SHERLOCK  POPE  was  for 
many  years  minister  of  the  episcopal  chapel  in 
Baxtergate,  Whitby,  and  afterwards  curate  or 
incumbent  of  Trinity,  Micklegate,  York.  The 
last  year  in  which  I  canjtrace  him  in  the  Clergy 
List  is  1853,  when  no  abode  is  given.  I  shall  be 
glad  to  know  the  place  and  time  of  his  death. 
He  published  a  sermon  on  the  death  of  Mrs.  Cole, 
Whitby,  8vo,  1842.  I  am  told  that  he  also  pub- 
lished a  sermon  on  the  death  of  Thomas  Bateman, 
M.D.,  which  occurred  in  1821.  Information  on 
this  latter  point  is  also  requested.  S.  Y.  E,. 

PORTRAITS  OF  NOTORIOUS  LADIES  OF  THE  REIGN 
OF  GEORGE  IV.  —  There  are  well-engraved  por- 
traits in  quarto,  published  in  colours,  of  which 
one  is  entitled  MRS.  Q.  with  a  view  of  Downing 
Street  in  the  background :  drawn  by  Huet  Vil- 
liers,  engraved  by  W.  Blake,  and  published  by  J. 
Barrow," Watson  Place,  St.  Pancras,  June  1,  1820. 
Another,  entitled  WINDSOR  CASTLE,  drawn  by  J. 
B.,  engraved  by  G.  Maile,  published  (as  before) 
June  1,  1821.  Who  were  these  ladies?  and  are 
there  more  of  the  same  set  of  prints  ?  N. 

PROGNOSTIC ATIOKS.  —  In  Bonn's  Guinea  Cata- 
logue I  find  the  following  entry  :  —  "A  curious 
volume  of  early  Italian  Prognostications,  some 
Black  Letter,  for  the  years  1478,  1507,  1524,  &c., 
to  1552.  4to,  Bologna."  Thirteen  old  almanacs 
for  fifteen  shillings,  a  very  good  bargain.  My  query 
is,  What  Prognostication  was  printed  in  Italy  in 
1478?  In  Holland,  yes;  but  I  can't  find  any  in 
Italy  so  early.  Can  any  of  your  readers  assist  ? 
In  the  new  edition  of  Brunet,  he  mentions  M. 
Warzee,  Auteur  de  Recherches  Bibliograph.  sur  les 
Almanacs  Beiges,  see  Bibliophile  Beige ;  but  neither 
of  these  is  in  the  Museum.  WM.  DAVIS. 

LADY  RERES. — Is  there  anything  further  known 
respecting  Lady  Reres,  who  is  several  times  men- 
tioned, not  much  to  her  credit,  in  the  story  of 
Mary  Queen  of  Scots?"  She  is  said  to  have  been 
at  the  outset  the  main  channel  of  communication 
between  the  Queen  and  Bothwell.  In  the  first  of 
Mary's  alleged  letters  to  Bothwell,  Darnley  says 
to  her  at  Glasgow :  "  Quant  a  Reres,  il  dit :  Je 
prie  Dieu  que  les  services  qu'elle  vous  fait  vous 
soient  a  honneur."  See  also  a  curious  passage 
relative  to  her  in  Laing  (Dissertation  to  the  Murder 
of  Darnley,  vol.  ii.  p.  8,  ed.  1804),  and  also  Bu- 
chanan's "  Detection"  in  Anderson  (Collections, 
vol.  ii.  p.  8).  In  the  well-known  letter  from 

[*  Lady  Reres  was  niece  to  Cardinal  Beton,  and  sister 
to  Lady  Buccleuch,  whom  Sir  Walter  Scott  made  the 
heroine  of  the  Lay  of  the  Last  Minstrel.  "  Both  sisters," 
says  Miss  Strickland,  "  were  the  objects  of  political 
slander,  the  charges  against  them  being  grossly  impro- 
bable."—  Queens  of  Scotland,  v.  197. — ED.] 


James  Beton  to  his  brother,  the  Archbishop  of 
Glasgow,  in  June,  1567,  it  is  mentioned  that  the 
Queen  selected,  as  her  messenger  to  the  Captain 
of  Edinburgh  Castle,  "the  young  Laird  of  Hires.1* 

SCRUTATOR. 

HUGH  ROSE,  BOTANIST. — Hugh  Rose,  author  of 
the  Elements  of  Botany,  was  an  apothecary  at 
Norwich.  He  was,  in  1780,  deprived  of  sight 
through  agutta  serena,  and  died  soon  afterwards. 
The  precise  date  of  his  death  will  oblige 

S.  Y.  R. 

SINGAPORE. — This  is  one  of  the  most  pros- 
perous of  our  Eastern  settlements ;  for  which  we 
are  mainly  indebted  to  the  untiring  labours  of  the- 
Chinese,  who  have  been  attracted  to  it  by  its 
freedom  from  commercial  restrictions,  and  advan- 
tages of  position.  In  1859  there  was  a  population 
of  70,000  Chinamen  in  that  colony,  and  not  a 
single  European  who  understood  their  language. 
See  Oliphant's  Narrative  of  Lord  Elgin  s  Mission 
to  China  and  Japan,  p.  20. 

Will  any  of  your  readers,  acquainted  with 
Singapore,  be  kind  enough  to  inform  me  if  this 
ignorance  of  the  Chinese  language  still  continues 
amongst  the  European  residents  in  that  colony  ? 
The  ignorance  of  the  European  residents  of  the 
Chinese  language  is  so  extraordinary,  I  am  in- 
clined to  think  Mr.  Oliphant  has  been  imposed 
upon.  If  the  European  residents  were  all  Eng;- 
lishmen,  it  is  probable  not  one  of  them  would 
submit  to  the  excessive  toil  of  learning  the  Chi- 
nese language.  Englishmen  are  proverbial  for 
their  indisposition  to  learn  any  other  language 
than  their  own.  May  I  ask  if  they  had  interpre- 
ters? And  may  I  further  ask,  were  the  above 
70,000  Chinamen  in  Singapore  at  the  time  it 
came  into  British  possession  ?  FBA.  MEWBURN. 
Larchfield,  Darlington. 

TENURES  OF  LAND  IN  IRELAND. — Blount's  An- 
tient  Tenures  of  Land  (London,  1679,)  is  an  in- 
teresting book  of  its  kind.  Where  is  similar 
information  to  be  had,  in  separate  form  or  other- 
wise, respecting  "ancient  tenures  of  land"  in 
Ireland?  I  am,  of  course,  acquainted  with 
Lynch's  Feudal  Dignities,  &c.  (London,  1830.) 

ABHBA. 

ROBERT  WALLACE  was  author  of  Antitrinitarian 
Biography,  Lond.  3  vols.  8vo,  1850,  dedicated  to 
the  Rev.  Charles  Wellbeloved,  of  York,  with 
whom  the  author  had  just  completed  his  studies 
for  the  ministry.  In  a  recent  publication,  this 
work  is  referred  to  as  that  of  the  late  Rev.  R. 
Wallace.  May  I  ask  when  and  where  Mr.  Wallace 
died,  and  whether  he  was  the  author  of  any  Bother 
work  ?  S.  Y.  R. 

WANDERING  JEW,  IN  STAFFORDSHIRE  MOOR- 
LANDS (1"  S.  xii.  504.)— Aubrey,  in  his  Miscel- 
lanies (1696,  p.  69),  tells  us  that  — 


396 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  14,  '63. 


"  Anno  165-,  at (Leek  ?)  in  the  Moorelands.in  Staf- 
fordshire, lived  a  poor  Old  Man,  who  had  been  a  long 
time  Lame.  One  Sunday  in  the  Aftern.,  he  being  alone, 
one  knock'd  at  his  Door.  He  bade  him  open  it,  and 
come  in.  The  Stranger  desir'd  a  Cup  of  Beer.  The  Lame 
Man  desir'd  him  to  take  a  Dish  and  draw  some,  for  he 
was  not  able  to  do  it  himself.  The  Stranger  ask'd  the 
poor  Old  Man,  how  long  he  had  been  111?  The  poor 
Man  told  him.  Said  the  Stranger,  'I  can  cure  you; 
Take  two  or  three  Balm  leaves  steep'd  in  your  Beer  for 
&  Fortnight  or  three  Weeks,  and  you  will  be  restor'd  to 
your  Health.  But  constantly  and  Zealously  serve  God ! ' 
The  poor  Man  did  so,  and  became  perfectly  well.  This 
Stranger  was  in  a  Purple  shag-gown,  such  as  was  not 
seen  or  known  in  those  parts ;  and  nobody  in  the  street 
(after  Even-song)  did  see  any  one  in  such  a  colour'd 
Habit.  Dr  Gilbert  Sheldon  (since  Archbishop  of  Canter- 
bury) was  then  in  the  Moorlands,  and  justified  the  truth 
of  this  to  Elias  Ashmole,  Esq.,  from  whom  I  had  this 
account.  And  he  hath  inserted  it  in  some  of  his  memoirs, 
which  are  in  the  Museum  at  Oxford." 

Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  furnish  me  with 
the  key  to  the  above  reference?  One  or  two 
Oxford  friends  have  searched  in  vain  for  it. 

JOHN  SLEIGH. 
Thornbridge,  Bakewell. 

WILLIS  OF  KIRKOSWALD,  co.  CUMBERLAND. — 
Is  there  ground  for  the  assertion  that  this  family 
(yeomen  farmers)  descended  from  Sir  Thomas 
Willis,  who  was  a  Knight  elect  of  the  Royal  Oak, 
and  to  whom  the  motto  "  Semper  Fidelis,"  with 
an  augmentation  to  the  crest  (a  stag)  of  "  an  oak 
branch  fructed  or,"  was  granted  by  King  Charles  ? 
Branches  of  the  above  family  are  now  seated  in 
London,  N.  S.  Wales,  Victoria,  and  Tasmania, 
also  in  British  India.  J.  M'C.  B. 

Hobart  Town. 


JOHN  DAVY.  —  Can  you  give  me  any  particulars 
of  this  musical  composer  ?  He  died  at  the  age  of 
fifty-nine,  in  St.  Martin's  Lane,  London.  Amongst 
his  compositions  were,  "  The  Bay  of  Biscay,"  and 
"  The  Death  of  the  Smuggler."  I  should  be  glad 
to  be  referred  to  some  account  of  his  early  life. 

T.  B. 

[John  Davy  was  born  of  humble  parentage  in  the 
parish  of  Upton  Helion,  eight  miles  from  Exeter,  in  the 
year  1765.  From  his  very  early  infancy  he  discovered  a 
most  remarkable  musical  "bias.  *  When  "between  four  and 
five  years  of  age,  his  ear  was  so  very  correct  that  he 
could  play  any  easy  tune  after  once  or  twice  hearing  it. 
At  an  early  age  he  was  placed  under  the  care  of  a  black- 
smith or  farrier,  for  the  purpose  of  working  his  way 
through  life  by  that  laborious  employment.  But  his 
foster  parent,  Nature,  had  destined  him  for  a  more  con- 
genial pursuit.  Instead  of  studying  the  toilsome  mys- 
teries of  Vulcan,  he  amused  himself  at  every  convenient 
opportunity  by  "ringing  the  changes"  on  horse-shoes. 
His  master,  on  one  occasion,  hearing  some  musical  sounds, 
which  seemed  to  come  from  the  upper  part  of  the  house, 
proceeded  up  stairs,  where  he  discovered  our  young  musi- 
cian with  some  of  his  missing  property  between  the 
ceiling  of  the  garret  and  the  thatched  roof.  He  had  se- 


lected eight  horse-shoes  to  form  a  complete  octave ;  had 
suspended  each  of  them  by  a  single  cord  clear  from  the 
wall,  and  with  a  small  iron  rod  was  amusing  himself  by 
imitating  the  chimes  of  Crediton.  The  dawning  talent 
of  young  Davy  fortunately  attracted  the  notice  of  the 
celebrated  William  Jackson,  organist  of  Exeter  Cathedral, 
who  had  him  removed  from  his  humble  station,  and  be- 
came his  gratuitous  musical  preceptor  and  friend  during 
the  remainder  of  his  life.  On  the  decease  of  his  bene- 
factor, Mr.  Davy  was  appointed  his  successor  as  organist 
of  St.  Peter's.  Against  the  advice  of  his  friends,  our  young 
composer  quitted  the  western  world,  with  the  advantage 
it  afforded,  for  the  sands  and  shoals  of  a  metropolitan 
life.  His  talents  procured  him  a  permanent  engage- 
ment in  the  orchestra  of  Covent  Garden  Theatre,  and 
he  became  a  very  popular  dramatic  composer,  but 
he  had  not  sufficient  prudence  in  pecuniary  matters  to 
provide  against  the  ordinary  contingencies  of  sickness 
and  old  age.  As  Davy  was  naturally  of  mild,  amiable, 
and  unassuming  manners,  it  is  painful  to  find  that 
his  last  hours  were  uncheered  by  comfort,  and  that  he 
ended  his  days  in  penury  without  a  friend  to  close  his 
eyes.  He  died  on  Sunday,  Feb.  22, 1824,  at  his  lodgings 
in  May's  Buildings,  St.  Martin's  Lane,  and  his  remains 
were  interred  on  the  following  Saturday  in  St.  Martin's 
churchyard.  Biographical  notices  of  Mr.  Davy  will  be 
found  in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  March,  1824, 
p.  280;  the  Somerset  House  Gazette,  i.  350;  and  Bio- 
graphical Dictionary  of  Musicians.'] 

RING  SAID  TO  BE  or  MARY,  QUEEN  OF  SCOTS. — 
Can  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  for  certain 
what  British  queen  is  indicated  by  the  armorial 
bearings  delineated  on  the  accompanying  impres- 
sions ?  The  seal  from  which  they  are  struck, 
being  a  fac-simile,  made  about  sixty  years  ago, 
of  one  which  was  long  in  the  possession  of  a  noble 
family  of  Scotland,  but  which  I  understand  has 
been  lost  (to  them,  at  least,)  about  forty  years, 
is  a  small  cornelian  of  lozenge  shape,  affixed  to  a 
golden  finger-ring.  Not  having  sufficient  tech- 
nical knowledge  on  the  subject,  nor  being  en- 
dowed with  microscopic  eyes,  I  will  not  attempt 
to  define  all  the  minute  and  crowded  heraldic 
devices  which  the  shield  (which  is  of  the  usual 
characteristic  figure)  exhibits  :  my  object  being 
to  induce  others,  more  competent,  to  identify  and 
explain  them.  I  may,  however,  here  state  that 
the  English  royal  three  lions,  the  Scottish  lion, 
and  a  harp,  are  clearly  visible ;  that  the  letters 
"  M.  R."  appear  respectively  on  either  side  ;  and 
that  an  imperial  crown  surmounts  the  whole. 

Were  it  not  for  the  harp  (most  probably  sym- 
bolising Ireland),  this  signet-ring  might  be  pre- 
sumed to  have  been  executed  for,  and  worn  by 
Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,  while  in  France ;  as  tradi- 
tion had  frequently  (but,  I  believe,  erroneously) 
affirmed  of  it.  Indeed,  I  have  seen  allusions  to 
the  original  as  such  in  print ;  and,  if  I  am  not 
mistaken,  in  "N.  &  Q.,"  about  a  year  since.  A 
high  authority  has  latterly  suggested  that  it  may 
have  belonged  to  Mary  of  Modena,  when  widow 
of  King  James  II.  T.  A.  H. 

[The  arms  on  the  seal  are:  1.  France  and  England 
quarterly;  2.  Scotland;  3.  Ireland;  4.  France  and  Eng- 


g.  IV.  Nov.  14,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


397 


land  quarterly ;  which  are  the  rojral  arms  of  England  as 
borne  by  all  the  Stuarts;  but,  as  depicted  on  the  seal,  are 
the  arms  of  a  queen  regnant,  as  Queen  Anne  might  have 
borne  them  —  but  then  the  initials  "  M.  R."  will  not  do. 
The  initial  of  James  I.'s  wife  was  "  A." ;  those  of  Charles 
I.'s,  «  H.  M." ;  Charles  II.'s,  "  C." ;  and  James  II.'s  "  M." 
But  Mary  of  Modena  could  not  have  borne  them  with- 
out her  own  arms  impaled.  If  intended  to  pass  for 
the  seal  of  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,  it  is  obviously  one  of 
the  many  attempts  to  fabricate  a  seal  for  Mary  Stuart. 
The  insertion  of  the  arms  of  Ireland,  exposes  the  blun- 
dering of  the  attempt.  Our  correspondent  will  find  some 
communications  .upon  the  supposed  seal  of  Mary,  Queen 
of  Scots  in  our  1"  S.  vi.  36,  111,  210.] 

BEHMUDA. — What  book  gives  the  best  and  ful- 
lest account  of  Bermuda,  especially  as  regards  its 
climate,  and  present  sanitary  condition  ? 

SELRAHE. 

[As  no  work  is  known  to  us  which  treats  expressly  on 
the  climate  of  the  Bermudas,  we  may  as  well  give  some 
of  the  conflicting  opinions  advanced  by  different  writers 
respecting  it :  — 

"  The  Summer  Islands  are  situated  near  the  latitude  of 
thirty-three  degrees:  no  part  of  the  world  enjoys  a  purer 
air,  or  a  more  temperate  climate — the  great  ocean  which 
environs  them  at  once  moderating  the  heat  of  the  south 
winds,  and  the  severity  of  the  north-west.  Snch  a  lati- 
tude on  the  Continent  might  be  thought  too  hot ;  but  the 
air  in  Bermuda  is  perpetually  fanned  and  kept  cool  by 
sea-breezes  (as  is  affirmed  by  persons  who  have  long 
lived  there)  of  one  equal  tenor,  almost  throughout  the 
whole  year,  like  the  latter  end  of  a  fine  May ;  insomuch, 
that  it  is  resorted  to  as  the  Montpelier  of  America." — 
Bp.  Berkeley's  Works,  1837,  p.  390. 

Wm.  Frith  Williams,  in  his  Historical  and  Satirical 
Account  of  the  Bermudas,  1848,  p.  159,  is  of  opinion  that 
Berkeley's  account  is  a  little  exaggerated.  He  says: 
"  The  south  winds  in  Bermuda  are  moist  and  very  op- 
pressive. The  official  returns  of  the  deaths  among  the 
prisoners,  confined  as  they  are  to  the  unwholesome  at- 
mosphere of  the  hulks,  and  the  troops,  prove  the  place  to 
be  remarkably  unhealthy." 

"The  climate  of  the  Bermudas  is  mild,  genial,  and 
salubrious,  though  somewhat  humid  during  a  south 
•wind."  —  Knight's  English  Cyclopedia,  "  Geography," 
i.  1049. 

"  The  climate  of  the  Bermudas  is  by  no  means  healthy, 
and  only  a  short  residence  is  necessary  to  foster  the 
germs  of  constitutional  disease.  The  yellow  fever  and 
typhus  are  often  destructive.  In  1853  the  former  of  these 
diseases  made  dreadful  ravages."  —  Encyc.  Sritannica, 
8th  edit.  iv.  668. 

"  The  climate  is  delightful,  a  perpetual  spring  clothing 
the  fields  and  trees  in  perpetual  verdure."  —  Blackie's 
Gazetteer,  1856,  i.  390.] 

NEWSPAPERS. — What  was  the  number  of  news- 
papers in  the  United  Kingdom  thirty  years  ago  ? 
And  what  is  the  number  at  the  present  time  ? 

What  was  the  circulation  of  London  news- 
papers thirty  years  ago  ?  And  what  is  their  pre- 
sent circulation  ?  R.  J.  WOODWARD. 

[Much  interesting  information  on  this  subject  will  be 
found  in  a  return  made  to  the  House  of  Commons  on 
February  27,  1840  (Sess.  No.  88),  by  which  we  learn 
that,  in  the  year  ending  Sept.  1836  (the  nearest  period 
to  that  named  by  our  correspondent),  the  number  of 
London  Newspapers  was  71  —  to  which  were  issued 
19,241,640  stamps.  The  English  provincial  papers  were 


194,  and  used  8,53^,396  stamps;  the  Scotch  provincial 
papers  54,  using  2,654,438;  and  the  Irish  78,  using 
5,144,582  stamps.  From  an  earlier  return,  No.  548,  of 
Session  1830,  we  learn  that,  in  the  year  1829,  there  were 
issued  to  thirty-one  of  the  principal  journals  issued  in 
London,  17,996,275  stamps —  The  Times  alone  using 
3,275,311,  and  paying  for  stamp  duty  54,588/.  10*.  4d. 
We  do  not  think  that  our  correspondent  will  succeed  in 
obtaining  any  accurate  or  official  return  of  the  circulation 
of  the  newspapers  now  published  in  London.  ] 

JOHN  CANNE. — 

"  A  Necessitie  of  Separation  from  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land proved  by  Nonconformist  Principles.  By  John 
Canne,  Pastor  of  the  Ancient  English  Church  in  Am- 
sterdam." 

Can  any  reader  of  "N.  &  Q."  inform  me  when 
and  where  the  book  was  published,  and  whether 
anything  is  known  of  the  author  ?  C.  K. 

[John  Canne  was  originally  a  minister  of  the  Church 
of  England,  but  subsequently  joined  the  Brownists,  and  is 
said  to  have  succeeded  Henry  Ainsworth  as  teacher  of  a 
congregation  at  Amsterdam.  All  that  is  known  of  his 
personal  history  will  be  found  in  Wilson's  History  of  Dis- 
senting Churches,  iv.  125 — 136;  Brook's  Lives  of  the 
Puritans,  iii.  332 ;  Hanbury's  Memorials,  i.  515 ;  and  Dr. 
Worthington's  Diary,  i.  266.  Soon  after  the  meeting  of 
the  Long  Parliament,  he  returned  to  England,  and  ulti- 
mately subsided  into  a  fifth  monarchy  man.  After  the 
Restoration  he  returned  to  Amsterdam,  where  he  com- 
mitted to  the  press  the  third  edition  of  his  Bible  in  1664. 
When  his  death  took  place  is  unknown.  His  work,  A 
Necessitie  of  Separation,  was  most  probably  printed  at 
Amsterdam  in  1634,  4to.] 

MERKYATE  CELL.  —  Could  you  inform  me  of 
any  book  in  which  there  is  an  account  of  Merkyate 
Cell,  near  Dunstable?  It  is  a  haunted  house; 
and  there  is  an  ancient  rhyme  concerning  it,  which 
runs  thus  — 

"  By  the  town  there  is  a  cell, 
By  the  cell  there  is  a, well, 
By  the  well  there  is  a  tree, 
Under  the  tree  the  treasure  be." 

It  was  here  that  the  notorious  tady  Ferrers 
lived.  She  was  found  dead,  pierced  with  wounds, 
upon  the  threshold  of  a  secret  stair.  The  door 
leading  to  the  staircase  was  subsequently  walled 
up.  The  present  owner  caused  it  to  be  opened : 
he  had  to  strike  the  first  blows  with  the  pickaxe, 
as  not  one  of  the  workmen  would  venture  to  raise 
a  hand  for  the  purpose.  G.  S.  C. 

[The  best  account  known  to  us  of  the  Priory  of  St. 
Trinity  in  the  Wood,  otherwise  Merkyate  Cell,  is  in  Clut- 
terbuck's  Hertfordshire,  i.  346-348.] 

HENRY  HOWARD,  third  son  of  Thomas,  Earl  of 
Berkshire,  was  Governor  of  Malmsbury  for  the 
King  in  1643.  He  married  Elizabeth,  widow  of 
John,  Lord  Craven,  and  daughter  to  William 
Lord  Spencer.  When  did  he  die  ?  In  Waylen's 
History  of  Marlborough,  p.  201,  he  is  erroneously 
called  eldest  son  of  the  Earl  of  Berkshire. 

S.  Y.  R. 

[According  to  Allen's  History  of  the  County  of  Lincoln, 
ii.  110,  Henry  Howard  died  in  1663,  and  a  tablet  to 


398 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  IV.  Nov.  14,  '63. 


his  memory  is  in  the  chancel  of  Revesby  church,  co.  Lin- 
coln. The  date  of  his  death  in  Henry  Howard's  History 
of  the  Howard  Family,  p.  59,  is  1683,  but  we  take  this  to 
be  a  misprint.] 

"CARFINDO." —  What  is  the  meaning   of  this 
word,  which  I  find  in  one   of  Dibdin's   songs? 
(Sea  Songs  and  Ballads,   1863,  p.  30.)     An  old 
friend    of  mine,    fond   of  singing   these   ballads, 
always  used  the  word  carpenter  — 
"My  friend  he  was  a  carpenter, 
On  board  of  a  king's  ship." 

J. 

[Dibdin  says,  that  this  word  (Carfindo),  clearly  a  cor- 
ruption of  carpenter,  occasioned  him  at  least  forty  anon_v- 
mous  letters. — Songs,  fro.,  edited  by  George  Hogarth, 
1842,  p.  112.] 

MUSTACHE. — What  is  the  derivation  of  mus- 
tache ?  I  find  Webster  spells  it  moustache.  John- 
son has  mustaches,  or  mustachoes.  Prof.  Sullivan, 
in  his  Spelling  Booh  superseded,  has  spelt  it  as  I 
have  done.  E.  L. 

[Richardson,  in  his  Dictionary  derives  mustache  (for  so 
he  spells  it),  and  muttachio,  from  the  Greek  nvffra£ — the 
upper  lip,  and  hair  growing  upon  it.  Gascoyne,  the 
earliest  writer  whom  he  quotes,  speaks  of  "  mustachyos," 
and  Milton  of  "  mustachios."  Muth  curious  information 
on  the  subject  will  be  found  in  Fairholt's  Costume  in 
England,  s.  v.  "  Beard"  and  "  Moustache."] 


SWING. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  271,  334.) 

I  remember  that  in  the  newspapers  and  period- 
icals of  1830  to  1833,  the  "  swing"  fires  were  often 
ascribed  to  "  revolutionary  propagandists "  and 
bands  of  incendiaries,  who  did  their  work  scien- 
tifically. I  inquired  carefully,  and  had  good  op- 
portunities of  getting  at  the  truth ;  but  I  never 
found  any  wider  motive  than  personal  hatred,  or 
the  hope  of  raising  wages,  nor  any  higher  science 
than  was  necessary  for  lighting  a  pipe.  I  held 
several  briefs  for  the  prosecution,  and  two  or 
three  for  the  prisoners  in  cases  of  arson,  and  I 
watched  many  more.  I  was  also  a  director  of  a 
fire-insurance  office,  which,  I  believe,  suffered  as 
much  as  any  by  "  Swing."  We  inquired  much, 
and  the  result  confirmed  the  opinion  which  I  had 
formed  on  circuit. 

At  that  time  there  was  much  excitement  among 
labourers,  and  fear  in  the  employers.  Very  often 
the  wages  of  a  whole  parish  were  raised  after  a 
fire.  In  an  Oxfordshire  village,  the  name  of  which 
I  do  not  now  remember,  some  ricks  had  been 
burned,  and  wages  rose  about  a  week  after.  In 
about  six  months  they  were  lowered  again,  and 
another  fire  speedily  followed.  One  of  the  pri- 
soners charged  with  this  was  proved  to  have  said, 


"  Them  ashes  over  the  common  has  got  cold ;  it's 
time  to  warm  up  a  bit  on  this  side."  After  the 
second  fire,  wages  rose  again.  With  such  en- 
couragement, it  is  not  surprising  that  "  Swing  " 
was  active.  Sometimes  the  farmer  himself,  when 
handsomely  insured,  was  "  Swing." 

That  was  a  time  of  wild  expectation.  The 
labourers  hoped  to  divide  the  land ;  the  farmers 
to  pay  no  more  rent,  or  only  "  what  was  reason- 
able" ;  but  I  think  the  parcelling  out  all  England 
into  eight  acres  for  each  family  was  a  subsequent 
project. 

Among  the  pamphlets  of  the  time  which  are 
now  becoming  scarce  are,  The  Life  of  Francis 
Swing,  the  Kent  Rick-burner  Lond.  1830  (Carlile), 
pp.  24,  and  The  Genuine  Life  of  Mr.  Francis 
Swing,  Lond.  1831  (Cock),  pp.  24.  The  first  is 
ably  written  in  a  clear  homely  style,  setting  out 
the  wrongs  of  the  poor  and  the  selfishness  of  the 
rich.  The  sufferings  of  "  Swing  "  are  told  with 
irritating  power ;  and  if  the  book  was  much  cir- 
culated, it  most  likely  did  mischief.  He  sets  the 
parson's  haggard  on  fire  by  accident,  and  after 
describing  the  fright  to  himself,  he  says  :  — 

"  I  immediately  left  the  place,  and  the  next  morning 
journeyed  homewards,  begging  for  subsistence  along  the 
road.  Everywhere  I  went  I  heard  of  fires  and  notices 
signed  «  SWING.'  '  How  happens  this? '  thought  I.  '  I 
am  not  the  author  of  those  burnings.  What  can  have 
caused  them  ? '  A  few  minutes'  reflection  on  the  history 
of  my  own  life,  which  without  any  alteration  may  stand 
for  that  of  thousands  of  others,  enabled  me  to  give  my- 
self a  satisfactory  answer.  '  Those  fires,'  said  I,  '  are 
caused  by  farmers  having  been  turned  out  of  their  lands 
to  make  room  for  foxes ;  peaceable  people  assembled  to 
petition  Parliament  butchered  by  the  military;  peasants 
confined  two  years'  in  prison  for  picking  up  a  dead  par- 
tridge; English  labourers  set  up  to  auction  like  slaves, 
and  treated  as  beasts  of  burden ;  and  pluralist  parsons 
taking  a  poor  man's  only  cow  for  tithe  of  his  cabbage 
garden.  These  are  the  things  that  have  caused  the 
burnings,  and  not  the  unfortunate  '  SWING."  " — P.  24. 

The  second  "  Life  "  is  also  an  autobiography. 
"  Swing "  confesses  that  he  is  the  author  of  most 
of  the  fires  and  threatening  letters.  He  had  good 
parents,  a  good  landlord,  and  was  well  brought 
up ;  but  he  began  with  poaching,  and  was  drawn 
on  to  rick-burning  and  other  crimes  by  his  friend 
Jones.  He  was  haunted  by  a  ghost  in  the  shape 
of  an  old  woman,  and  to  free  himself  from  the 
spectre,  at  Jones'  persuasion  he  sold  himself  to 
the  devil.  At  the  time  of  writing,  he  is  going 
about,  in  his  own  gig,  with  Jones,  distributing 
incendiary  letters  and  setting  ricks  on  fire.  The 
writing  of  this  pamphlet  is  good,  but  the  matter 
was  so  absurd  that  in  a  few  days  after  its  publica- 
tion it  was  suppressed,  and  a  new  edition  issued 
without  a  ghost.  AN  INNER  TEMPLAR. 

The  leader  of  the  Swing  outrages  was  dubbed 
a  "  Captain,"  ex.  gr.  :  — 


S.  IV.  Xov.  14,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


399 


"A  note  sent  up  from  Kent  to  show  me, 

Left  with  my  bailiff,  Peter  King ; 
'  I'll  burn  them  precious  stacks  down,  blow  me ! 
Yours  most  sincerely, 

CAPTAIN  SWING.'  " 

My  Letters,  by  Ingoldsby. 

"  The  neighbours  thought  all  was  not  right, 

Scarcely  one  with  him  ventured  to  parley, 
And  Captain  Swing  came  in  the  night, 
And  burnt  all  his  beans  and  his  barley." 

The  Babes  in  the  Wood,  by  Ingoldsby. 
CUTUBEHT  BED£. 


POTHEEN. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  188,  278.) 

I  have  some  doubts  whether  the  barley  wine, 
which  is  often  alluded  to  by  the  ancients,  was 
always  of  the  same  potent  quality  as  our  potheen. 
Does  not  the  following  allusion  to  it  in  ^Eschylus 
(Suppl.  929,  ed.  Scholefield,  1830),  seem  to  speak 
of  it  as  if  it  had  more  of  the  deadening  effects  of 
our  beer :  — 

'  &p<rtvds  TOI  rricrSt  77}?  oiKi'iropas 

r'  ov  irifovras  e/c  xpiduiv  (J.t0v. 
The  king  here  contrasts  the  enlivening  and  in- 
spiriting effects  of  generous  Greek  wine  with  the 
stupefying  barley  decoction  of  Egypt.  Is  this  the 
earliest  allusion  to  barley  wine  in  Greek  authors  ? 
Has  anyone  of  our  intoxicating  liquors  the  effect 
of  making  the  drunken  always  to  fall  on  their 
back  as  Aristotle  (Athenaus,  x.  447,  c.)  assures  us 
was  invariably  the  case  with  those  who  drank  to 
excess  of  barley  wine  ?  He  adds,  that  those  in- 
toxicated with  other  inebriating  liquors,  topple 
over  in  any  direction.  The  Pa3onians  of  Thrace 
called  it  fipirrov.  Are  we  to  go  back  to  these  people 
for  the  origin  of  the  word  "  bree,"  as  exemplified 
in  Burns  — 

"And  ay  we'll  taste  the  barley  bree?  " 
It  is  no  doubt  the  Anglo-Saxon  briew,  and  Ger- 
man bruhe,  and  the  cognate  verb  brauen,  to  brew. 
The  Spaniards  had  a  liquor  which  they  called 
celia  (Flor.  ii.  18),  made  of  Iriticum,  wheat.  Of 
what  was  their  ceria  (Plin.  xxii.  82,  ed.  Lemaire) 
made  ?  Ought  we  to  read  cedria,  as  has  been 
suggested  ?  Cider  meant  originally  all  kinds  of 
strong  drinks  except  wine,  though  it  is  now  re- 
stricted to  the  juice  of  apples.  It  is  the  sldra  of 
the  Italians,  the  sidre  or  cidre  of  the  French. 
The  Italians  of  the  middle  ages  may  have  got  the 
word  from  their  intercourse  with  the  eastern 
parts  of  the  Mediterranean.  It  may  be  the  nicera, 
which  is  said  in  the  Hebrew  tongue  to  signify  any 
intoxicating  liquor.  Are  there  any  words  in  He- 
brew connected  with  sicera  ?  Pliny  refers  to  the 
spuma,  froth,  which  appears  on  all  the  beverages 
which  he  is  mentioning.  This  suits  our  ale  and 
beer,  but  scarcely  our  potheen.  According  to 
Hellanicus,  ftpinov  was  made  of  roots.  What  is 
the  root  beer  of  the  Americans  ?  C.  T.  HAMAGE. 


THE  DEVIL. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  246.) 

I  have  to  thank  EIRIONNACH,  ME.  DE  MORGAN, 
and  J.  C.  H.  for  their  responses  to  my  querv 
concerning  the  Devil;  and  as  I  gather  from 
various  communications  which  have  reached  me 
privately  that  the  subject  interests  many,  I  beg 
more  definitely  to  announce  that  shortly  I  hope  to 
publish  a  volume  on  "  The  Temptation  of  Our 
Lord,"  being  a  portion,  independent  and  so  sepa- 
rable, of  a  larger  work,  to  which  I  propose  to  de- 
vote the  leisure  of  a  goodly  number  of  years.  I 
am  not  aware  that  in  our  own,  or  in  any  other 
language,  there  exists  anything  like  a  worthy, 
that  is  adequate,  out-thinking  of  the  subject  of 
the  Existence,  Personality,  and  Attributes  of  the 
Being  variously  designated  in  our  English  Bible, 
the  Devil,  Satan,  and  the  like.  There  have  been 
many  fugitive  papers  and  compilations  of  the  sort 
indicated  by  EIBIONNACH  ;  but  as  a  whole,  the 
subject  is  virgin — by  whole,  meaning  all  belonging 
to  it,  outside  as  well  as  inside  of  Revelation,  early 
and  present,  heathen  and  Christian  and  anti- 
Christian,  in  Religious,  semi-Religious,  Traditions, 
Legends,  Superstitions,  Philosophies,  Language, 
Literature,  and  Art.  I  have  set  it  before  myself 
to  try  to  write  such  a  book ;  and  if  I  at  all  ap- 
proximate to  my  ideal,  I  indulge  the  hope  that 
not  only  will  many  portions  of  Holy  Scripture  be 
elucidated,  but  likewise  light  shed  upon  depart- 
ments of  the  Philosophy  of  the  Human  Mind  and 
processes  of  thought  and  belief,  of  the  last  in- 
terest. It  is  my  purpose,  too,  to  bring  together 
all  of  value  which  others  have  written  wherever  I 
can  find  it,  from  the  earliest  Classics  of  Paganism 
on  through  the  Christian  Fathers  and  the  School- 
men, Divines,  orthodox  and  heretic,  Church  and 
Puritan,  Philosophers  and  Poets  and  Scholars.  I 
need  hardly  say  that  it  will  be  my  endeavour  to 
be  thorough  and  at  the  same  time  reverent.  I 
intend  no  mere  light  literature,  much  less  a 
"  sensation"  book.  Any  books,  larger  or  lesser, 
literary  or  art  references  or  suggestions,  will  be 
gratefully  acknowledged.  That  any  wishing  to 
correspond  on  the  subject  may  know  my  address, 
I  displace  r  by  my  name,  &c.  in  full. 

REV.  A.  B.  GROSAET. 
1st  Munse,  Kinross,  X.B. 

P.S. — The  following  tractate  having  been  sent 
me  through  the  Editor  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  _  I  am 
anxious  to  thank  the  donor,  and  to  ask  if  any 
reader  can  oblige  me  with  any  information  con- 
cerning its  author?  I  cannot  trace  a  "second" 
part  *  — 


[*  The  Second  Part  appeared  in  1799,  and  was  entitled 
!(  On  the  Political  and  Moral  Uses  of  an  Evil  Spirit.' 
Mr.  Leycester,  who  was  Barrister- at-Law  of  Lincoln's  Inn , 
lad  a  few  3-ears  before  tried  his  skill  at  irony  to  amend 
the  shortcomings  of  his  contemporaries,  by  publishing 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[3*a  S.  IV.  Nov.  14,  '63. 


"  A  Disputation  in  Logic,  arguing  the  Moral  and  Re- 
ligious  Uses  of  a  Devil.  Book  the  First.  By  George 
Hanmer  Leycester,  A.M.,  of  Merton  ^College,  Oxford. 
London,  1797,  8vo,  pp.  45. 

In  these  days  of  light  literature,  it  is  quite  a 
relief  to  find  a  person  entering  upon  so  wide  a 
field  as  that  which  r.  has  proposed  to  himself,  in- 
volving the  terrible  problem  of  the  origin  of  evil 
and  the  mysteries  of  the  unseen  world. 

In  the  work  of  J.  G.  Mayer,  mentioned  by 
EIRIONNACH,  r.  will  find  numerous  references  to 
earlier  treatises.  There  is  also  a  work,  in  Ger- 
man, by  G.  F.  Meyer,  and  a  folio  volume  in  Eng- 
lish by  Heywood,  on  the  Hierarchy  of  Angels  and 
the  fall  of  Lucifer.  This  book  was  published  in 
1635.  And  it  would  be  curious  to  inquire  to 
what  extent  Milton  has  availed  himself  of  it. 

Among  the  writers  by  whom  the  existence  of 
the  Devil  is  looked  upon  in  a  negative  point  of 
view,  I  may  mention  Dr.  Bekker,  in  his  Bezau- 
berte  Welt,  published  at  Amsterdam  in  1673. 
And  Ashdowne,  in  his  attempt  to  show  that  the 
common  opinion  is  not  founded  in  Scripture, 
1791.  I  also  find,  in  Dr.  Geddes's  Critical  Re- 
marks on  the  Hebrew  Scriptures  (vol.  i.  p.  43),  an 
essay  of  Eichhorn's  on  "  Primaeval  History,"  re- 
ferred to,  as  clearly  showing  that  the  writer  of 
Genesis  had  no  idea  of  such  a  being.  MELETES. 


LAURENCE  STERNE  (3rd  S.  iv.  363.) — It  might 
be  worth  while  for  P.  F.  to  apply  to  the  Rev.  Geo. 
Scott,  of  Coxwold,  who,  I  believe,  is  still  living. 
Mr.  Thos.  Gill,  in  his  Vallis  Eboracensis,  gives  a 
piece  of  poetry  by  Sterne,  which  has  not  appeared, 
so  far  as  I  can  find,  in  any  of  his  works.  It  is  en- 
titled "  The  Unknown  0.  Verses  occasioned  by 
hearing  a  Pass-bell."  Mr.  Gill  states  that  the  poem 
"  has  been  handed  down  in  succession  from  the 
composer  to  the  reverend  gentlemen  who  have 
succeeded  him  in  the  living  of  Coxwold,  and 
through  the  kindness  of  the  Rev.  George  Scott  is 
now  presented  to  the  public."  It  is  not  unlikely 
that  other  MS.  documents  of  the  author  of  Tris- 
tram Shandy  may  be  in  his  possession,  or  in  the 
possession  of  families  in  the  neighbourhood.  Sterne 
resided  at  Shandy  Hall  for  seven  years,  and  seems 
by  his  own  letters  to  have  been  a  special  favourite 
among  the  gentry.  The  present  generation  know 
nothing  of  him,  or  of  his  history,  or  even  works ; 

"  Some  Observations  on  the  Inconvenience  of  the  Ten 
Commandments,"  8vo,  1795;  in  which  he  endeavoured 
to  show,  "  that  the  Ten  Commandments  which  Moses 
brought  down  with  him  out  of  the  burning  mountain 
some  time  since,  are  not  only  of  no  sort  of  use,  but  a  very 
great  inconvenience  to  a  gentleman  in  pursuit  of  his 
pleasures."  Dr.  John  Hildrop,  the  Rector  of  Wath,  had, 
however,  previously  availed  himself  of  this  experiment 
for  the  reformation  of  his  parishioners  in  his  "  Proposal 
for  Revising,  &c.  the  Ten  Commandments,"  1754.— ED.  ] 


but  a  research  among  the  MSS.  at  Newburgh 
Hall  might  repay  the  trouble.  The  compiler  of 
Vallis  Eboracensis  might  be  able  to  give  useful 
information.  The  work  was  published  at  Easinor- 
wold,  1852.  T.  B. 

BINDING  A  STONE  IN  A  SLING  (3rd  S.  iv.  9.) — I 
cannot  help  thinking  that  a  good  deal  of  erudition 
has  been  rather  wasted  on  this  subject,  and  that 
the  meaning  of  the  phrase  may  be  more  literal 
than  has  been  suspected.  We  know  very  little 
of  these  early  weapons;  but  there  seems  every 
probability  that  the  stone  or  other  missile  was 
"  bound,"  that  is,  secured  in  its  place  till  the 
moment  of  its  discharge  by  some  contrivance  or 
other.  It  is,  I  believe,  in  the  Museum  at  Bou- 
logne, that  an  ancient  sling  is  preserved,  with  a 
rather  complicated  mechanical  apparatus  of  iron 
for  this  purpose.  Thus,  the  slinger  might  carry 
his  weapon  loaded,  without  risk  of  losing  the 
stone ;  just  as  the  bolt  was  "bound"  in  an  arblast, 
by  a  spring  of  horn,  which  fixed  it  in  its  place  till 
discharged,  when  the  resistance  was  overcome  by 
the  liberated  string.  W.  J.  BERNHARD  SMITH. 

A  GOOSE  TENURE  (3rd  S.  iv.  268.)— Your  cor- 
respondent will  be  interested  to  know  that  in  a 
record,  dated  1471,  there  is  mention  made  of  a 
John  De  la  Hay ;  who  was  bound  to  give  William 
Barnaby,  Lord  of  Lastres,  in  the  county  of  Here- 
ford, for  a  parcel  of  demesne  lands,  one  goose,  fit 
for  the  lord's  dinner,  on  the  Feast  of  St.  Michael 
the  Archangel.  From  the  following  extracts  from 
G.  Gascoigne's  Poems  (4to,  1575),  it  would  ap- 
pear, that  a  goose  was  a  common  present  on 
Michaelmas  Day  from  the  tenant  to  the  land- 
lord :  — 

"  And  when  the  tenauntes  come  to  paie  their  .quarter's 

rent, 
They  bring  some  fowle  at  Midsummer,  a  dish  of  fish  at 

Lent: 

At  Christmasse,  a  capon ;  at  Michaelmas,  a  goose ; 
And  somewhat  else  at  New  Yeare's  Tide,  for  fear  their 

lease  flic  loose." 

W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 

EXPEDITION  TO  CARTHAGENA  (3rd  S.  iv.  165, 
309.) — Not  not  long  before  Smollett's  pamphlet, 
there  appeared :  — 

"  An  Authentick  ....  Account  of  the  Taking  of 
Carthagena  by  the  French  in  ...  1697.  By  the  Sieur 
Pointis,  Commander-  in-Chief.  Second  Edition.  London, 
1740.  8vo.  Price,  sewed,  Is.  6ef. ;  bound,  2s."  Pp.  86. 

JOSEPH  Rix,  M.D. 

St.  Neot's. 

LANDSEER'S  "  FABLE  OF  THE  MONKET  "  (3rd  S. 
iii.  448.) — MR.  STAUNTON  may  gain  a  clue  to  the 
present  locus  in  quo  of  Landseer's  picture  —  "The 
Monkey  who  has  seen  tbe  World"  —  by  learning 
that  it  was  engraved  by  Gibbon  for  A'llan  Cun- 
ningham's beautiful  gift-book,  The  Anniversary 
(8vo,  1829)  ;  and  that  thanks  are  given  in  the 


3**  S.  IV.  Nov.  14,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


401 


Preface,  to  Sir  Henry  Bunbury,  for  the  use  of 
the  picture.  WILLIAM  BATES. 

Edgbaston. 

SEDECHIAS  (3rd  S.  iv.  9,  309.)  — If  any  of  your 
readers  have  the  Annales  Regum  Francorum  ab 
anno  741  ad  882,  &c.,  usually  called  the  "  Ber- 
tinian  Annals,"  they  will  find  mention  made  of 
Sedechias  under  the  history  of  Charles  the  Bald. 
Fabricius  notices  him  thus :  — 

"  Sedechias,  medicus  Judaeus,  a  quo  venenum  datum 
Carolo  Calvo,  ut  traditur  in  Annalibus  Bertiuianis,  A.C. 
877."—£ibliotheca  Grasca,  xiii.  392. 

H.  B. 

RANULPH  DE  MESCHINES  (3rd  S.  iv.  307)  was  a 
grandson  of  Walter  de  Espagne,  who  was  a  bro- 
ther of  Ralph  de  Toeni  (Thome),  the  Standard- 
bearer.  This  accounts  for  the  Meschines  bearing 
both  rose  and  thistle*  —  the  badges  of  the  race 
who  were  of  the  family  of  yours, 

"  LE  CHEVALIER  DU  CTGNE." 

JOHN  FREER  (3rd  S.  iv.  325.)  —  John  Freer, 
named  John  Fryer  in  the  Annual  Army  Lists, 
joined  the  66th  Foot  as  an  ensign  on  the  4th 
March,  1767.  His  Lieutenancy  he  gained  on  the 
14th  November,  1771  ;  and  ceased  connection 
with  the  army  on  the  31st  August,  1773  :  on 
which  date  he  either  died,  or  sold  out,  as  his  name 
does  not  occur  in  the  half-pay  roll. 

This  is  but  a  little ;  every  little,  however,  helps, 
and  it  may  serve  2.  ©.  for  a  cue  to  further  inquiries 
and  research.  M.  S.  R. 

Brompton  Barracks. 

"  DUBLIN  UNIVERSITY  REVIEW  "  (3rd  S.  iv. 
110.) — This  serial,  of  which  only  four  numbers 
appeared,  was  started  by  a  talented  student  of 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  Caesar  George  Otway, 
now  a  poor-law  inspector,  son  of  a  distinguished 
clergyman  and  author,  the  late  Caesar  Otway. 
One  of  my  contributions  to  its  pages,  an  <p8dpiov, 
now  lies  before  me  :  a  translation  of  which  only 
was  inserted,  Greek  type  not  being  at  hand.  I 
would  send  the  original  to  "  N.  &  Q.,"  but  fear 
the  neglect  of  prosody  might  shock  your  classic 
scholiasts ;  and  yet,  in  my  humble  judgment, 
Greek  is  of  all  languages  the  most  susceptible  of 
musical  rhythm,  unrestricted  by  the  rigid  scan- 
sion of  the  ancient  metres.  J.  L. 
Dublin. 

FICTITIOUS  APPELLATIONS  (3rd  S.  iv.  306.)  — 
Queen  Anne's  correspondence  with  the  Duchess 
of  Marlborough  (1702-1714)  was  carried  on  under 
the  fictitious  names  of  (I  think)  Freeman  and 
Morley.  J.  WOODWARD. 

WAND  OF  GRAND  MASTERS  OF  THE  TEMPLARS 
(3rd  S.  iv.  307.)  —  I  have  generally  seen  the 
Grand  Master  of  the  Templars  represented  as 

*  See  liurke's  Armory. 


holding  a  slender  wand,  apparently  between  five 
and  six  feet  in  height,  having  on  the  top  an  octa- 
gonal plate  charged  with  a  cross  patee.  The  only 
references  I  can  give  at  present  are  to  woodcuts 
in  Keightley's  Crusaders,  p.  238 ;  and  Churton's 
English  Church,  p.  321.  J.  WOODWARD. 

EXPLANATION  OF  WORDS  (3rd  S.  iv.  167, 260.) — 
"  Avernot "  is  probably  the  same  as  "  Avernat," 
"a  sort  of  grape;"  properly  "  Auvernat,"  from 
"  Auvergne."  "  Auvernat "  is  also  the  name  of  a 
wine  from  the  same  province.  R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 

FAMILIES  OF  TREPSACK  AND  FORSTER  (3rd  S. 
iv.  325.) — The  Rev.  (Jean)  Trepsac  was  a  minister 
of  the  French  Protestant  congregation  at  Canter- 
bury in  1698.  There  was  some  imputation  on  his 
character,  for  in  the  "  Actes  "  of  the  consistory  of 
that  church,  is  a  notice  (Oct.  16,  1698)  of  "M. 
Trepsac  and  the  rich  Jew  of  the  Hague,"  many  of 
the  congregation  opposed  his  ministry,  and  he  was 
requested,  "  after  the  exposure  of  his  crime,"  to 
depart  quietly  :  this  he  refused  to  do,  and  the 
consistory  therefore  sent  for  two  of  the  members 
of  the  London  Walloon  Church  (Dr.  Primrose 
and  M.  Blanc)  to  take  the  matter  in  hand.  In 
December  following  M.  Trepsac  sent  in  his  re- 
signation. If  C.  J.  R.  has  any  particulars  of  M. 
Trepsac  I  should  be  glad  to  have  them  for  my 
Biography  of  the  French  Protestant  Clergy. 

JOHN  S.  BURN. 
The  Grove,  Henley. 

PORTRAITS  OF  JOHNSON  (3rd  S.  iv.  209.)  — 
Mr.  Webster's  portrait  of  the  Doctor  was,  I  be- 
lieve, purchased  some  years  ago  by  Mr.  Watts 
Russell,  of  Ham  Hall,  at  a  sale  by  auction  of  the 
effects  of  Mr.  Webster's  family  at  Ashbourne. 

J. 

COMMONERS  USING  SUPPORTERS  (3rd  S.  iv.  255.) 
Some  commoners  have  a  right  to  supporters ; 
others  have  used  them  for  generations  out  of  mere 
ignorance  and  mistake,  because  an  ancestor  used 
them  in  right  of  some  office  or  dignity,  which  in 
reality  died  with  him.  The  Wardenship  of  the 
Stannaries,  the  title  of  Knight  Banneret,  &c.  &c. 
may  be  cited  as  instances.  Descendants  look  at  the 
old  seal,  or  the  old  stone  carving  over  the  door, 
and  fancy  they  may  use  the  supporters  too,  whereas 
they  went  out  with  the  dignity  of  office  which 
conferred  them.  P.  P. 

BERRY  OR  BURY  (3rd  S.  iv.  304.)— In  the  West 
of  England  this  name  is  frequently  given  to  large 
mounds  or  other  earth  prominences.  In  Cornwall 
I  know  of  four  spots  so  designated.  One  is  not  far 
from  Newton  Park  on  the  Tamar,  and  seems  to 
have  been  an  ancient  encampment  and  burial- 
ground.  Another  is  Hensbarrow  Hill,  a  desolate 
spot,  perhaps  the  highest  in  the  county.  The  peo- 
ple around  all  call  ifc  "  Hens-berry,"  or  "theBerry," 


402 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  14,  '63. 


and  in  an  old  map  of  the  county,  "  performed  "  by 
the  industrious  Speed  in  1610,  I  observe  that  it 
is  designated  as  "  Hens-bery."  Excavations  have 
been  made  here,  and  ancient  implements  and 
relics  of  former  burial  rites  discovered.  I  take  it 
that  the  term  "  Berry  "  is  an  old  designation  with 
country  people  for  the  ancient  earth  remains  of 
the  Britons,  Saxons,  and  Danes,  as  well  as  the 
Romans.  Burgh,  boro,  barrow,  borough,  a  place 
devoted  to  the  living  or  to  the  dead,  appears  to 
have  come  down  to  us  in  the  popular  or  corrupted 
form  of  "  the  Berry."  JOHN  CAMDEN  HOTTEN. 
Piccadilly. 

SMITH  OF  NEVIS  (3rd  S.  iii.  417.)  — I  am  greatly 
obliged  to  A.  D.  for  his  memoranda  respecting 
Mary  Smith,  but  as  yet  I  have  no  clue  to  the 
family  to  which  Lieut. -Governor  Smith,  and,  in 
nil  probability,  this  Mary  Smith  belonged.  His 
arms  were  gules,  on  a  chevron  between  three 
bezants  or,  three  cross-crosslets,  sable. 

I  am  however  informed  that  a  coheiress  of  the 

favernor,  or  of  his  brother,  married  into  an  old 
urrey  family  named  Budgen. 

The  name  of  the  family  of  Burt  referred  to  was 
not  spelt  with  i.  They  appear  to  have  been  also 
connected  with  our  old  West  Indian  proprietary 
families  of  Payne  (Lord  Lavington),  and  Buckley. 
I  observe  that  in  my  former  query  (p.  307)  a 
misprint  accidentally  occurs,  William  Matthew, 
Bart.,  M.P.,  being  printed  for  William  Matthew 
Burt,  M.P.,  a  gentleman  resident  on  his  estate  in 
Berkshire,  but  never,  I  believe,  a  colonial  go- 
vernor. 

It  is  most  likely  that  the  Matthew  family  came 
originally,  as  stated  by  A.  D.,  from  Glamorgan- 
shire; but  I  am  told  two  other  distinct  Welsh 
families  of  the  name  existed  in  Merioneth  and  in 
Denbigh. 

The  arms  were  sable,  a  stork  proper.  These 
bearings  seem  very  uncommon  in  England,  though 
borne  on  the  continent  by  the  counts  of  Gruyere, 
the  Cicognas,  and  other  names. 

I  should  be  extremely  glad  to  obtain  any  fur- 
ther particulars  of  the  families  I  have  mentioned 
through  the  columns  of  "N.  &  Q."  C.  E.  S. 

MR.  SERJEANT  BIRCH,  CURSITOR  BARON  (3rd  S. 
i.  29;  iv.319.)  —  Beatson's  Political  Index  is  in- 
accurate in  the  entries  relative  to  the  Cursitor 
Baron,  as  they  are  stated  by  MR.  STEVENS.  Birch 
was  included  in  the  batch  of  Serjeants  called 
in  June,  5  Anne,  1706  (see  Wynne's  Scrjeant-at- 
Lnw,  p.  95,  quoting  Gazette  of  June  9,  1706;  and 
of  Lord  Raymond,  p.  1261);  and  he  was  ap- 
pointed Cursitor  Baron  on  December  11,  1729,  on 
the  resignation  of  that  office  by  Sir  William  Thom- 
son, who  was  made  baron  of  the  coif  on  November 
27,  1729  (see  Pat.  3  Geo.  II.  p.  l.) 

EDWARD  Foss. 


KOHL  (3rd  S.iv.  166,  &c.)— Lane,  in  Us  Modern 
Egyptians,  calls  kohl  an  impalpable  powder  ;  that 
which  I  have  is  a  solid  greasy  substance.  Is  this 
the  substance  used  by  the  Egyptians,  or  another 
form  of  it  (it  has  been  in  London  thirty-six  years) 
such  as  used  by  the  Hindoostanees  as  mentioned 
by  MR.  WOOD  ?  (3rd  S.  iv.  239.) 

JOHN  DAVIDSON. 

THE  REV.  PETER  THOMPSON  (3rd  S.  iv.  289, 
337.) — I  am  greatly  obliged  to  T.  B.  for  his  offer 
to  lend  the  volume  to  which  he  has  referred.  The 
information  he  has  given  being,  however,  amply 
sufficient  for  my  purpose,  it  will  be  unnecessary  to 
avail  myself  of  his  kindness.  S.  Y.  R. 

PATMOS  (3rd  S.  iii.  347.) — I  am  sorry  I  did  not 
before  see  the  inquiry  as  to  Patmos.  The  best  way 
of  reaching  it  is  to  go  to  Smyrna  by  the  weekly 
Marseilles  or  Trieste  mail  steamer,  and  then  proceed 
by  mail  trains  to  Ephesus  station,  and  so  by  post- 
horse  to  Skala  Nova,  fifteen  miles.  From  Skala 
Nova  the  mail  is  carried  by  boat  or  steamer  to  the 
town  of  Vathi,  in  the  island  of  Samos.  From  Samos 
a  boat  can  be  obtained  to  the  neighbouring  island 
of  Patmos.  Samos  can  be  reached  from  Smyrna 
in  the  evening.  Since  the  railway  has  been  opened 
there  has  been  no  steamer  from  Smyrna  to  Skala 
Nova  or  Samos.  HTDE  CLARKE. 

Smyrna,  Oct.  9, 1863. 

SIR  WILLIAM  JAMES,' BART.  (2nd  S.  xii.  244, 
354,  402.)  —  Can  and  will  any  correspondent 
oblige  by  saying  had  Sir  William  James,  by  either 
of  his  wives,  a  daughter  of  the  name  of  Rachel  ? 
Or  had  any"  son  of  his  a  daughter  of  such  name ; 
and  if  so,  are  any  particulars  known  of  either  ? 
Fenton's  Tour  in  Pembrokeshire  gives  no  such  in- 
formation. WM.  PRICE. 

4,  Castle  Street,  Abergavenny. 

SUBMERGED  TOWNS  (3rd  S.  iii.  362,  439,  479.) — 
Llangorse  Pool  or  Llynnsavaddan,  or  Brecknock- 
mere,  about  five  miles  in  circumference,  has  also 
a  legend  of  a  town  being  swallowed.  (Rees's  South 
Wales,  p.  47.)  GLWYSIG. 

SHAKSPEARE  JUBILEE  (3rd  S.  iv.  264.)  —  Some 
account  of  the  Jubilee  at  Stratford-upon-Avon  is 
to  be  found  in  Davies's  Life  of  Garrick,  chap.  xlv. 
The  Jubilee  was  afterwards  brought  out  at  Drury 
Lane,  and  in  the  list  of  Garrick's  dramatic  works, 
at  the  end  of  Davies's  book,  is  the  following  ar- 
ticle :  — 

"  xxiv.  '  The  Jubilee ;  a  Dramatic  Entertainment, 
acted  at  Drury  Lane,  1769.'  This  piece,  which  is  not 
printed,  was  one  of  the  most  successful  performances  ever 
produced  on  the  stage." 

MELETES. 

Arne's  music  is  not  a  glee  but  a  song,  and  Gar- 
rick  wrote  — 

"  Of  things  more  than  mortal  thy,"  &c. 
not  siueet,  as  quoted  by  OXONIENSIS.      R.  W.  D. 


S.  IV.  Nov.  14,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


403 


THE  EARL  OF  SEFTON  (3rd  S.  iv.  317.)  —Ma. 
REDMOND  has  made  an  unfortunate  reference  to 
the  first  Earl  of  Sefton,  who  was  not  a  Roman 
Catholic  priest,  but  a  Protestant  layman. 

R.  W.  D. 

THE  MONOGRAM  OF  CONSTANTINE  (3rd  S.  iv. 
235,  259,314.) — Constantino  certainly  used  the 
monogram  on  some  of  his  coins.  I  have  it  repre- 
sented over  and  over  again,  and  I  wonder  none  of 
your  correspondents  have  said  that  they  have  such 
coins.  I  have  one  such,  a  small  copper  piece 
found  by  myself  a  quarter  of  a  century  ago,  on 
the  site  of  a  Roman  station,  and  it  has  not  been 
out  of  my  possession  since.  It  is  slightly  injured 
on  one  side,  otherwise  distinct  enough.  Obv.  head 
of  Constantine,  and  in  the  exergue  CONST  ....  NUS 
MAX  .  AUG.  Ren.  two  armed  warriors,  one  on  each 
side  of  the  labarum ;  in  the  exergue  GLORIA  EX- 
ERCITVS.  The  x  of  exercitus  falls  exactly  over  the 
centre  of  the  labarum  or  ensign,  which  is  suspended 
upon  an  ornamented  staff,  and  bears  in  the  field  a 
well-known  form  of  the  monogram  of  Christ,  -3r  . 

I  beg  to  inclose  an  impression  of  this,  that  there 
may  be  no  doubt  concerning  it.  Other  brass  coins 
of  Constantine  in  my  possession  have  as  unmis- 
takably pagan  emblems ;  one,  for  example,  a  naked 
figure  of  Apollo,  with  a  globe  in  his  hand,  and  the 
motto  soli  inviclo.  B.  H.  C. 

That  it  was  not  the  sign  of  the  cross,  but  the 
symbol  of  the  name  of  Christ  that  was  seen  by  Con- 
stantine, if  indeed  there  was  a  celestial  vision  at 
all,  is  very  evident  from  the  testimony />f  Lactan- 
tius,  which  seems  most  decisive  :  — 

"Constantine  was  warned  in  a  dream  to  make  the 
celestial  sign  of  God  upon  his  soldiers'  shields,  and  so  to 
join  battle.  He  did  as  he  was  bid,  and  with  the  trans- 
verse letter  X  circum fleeting  the  head  of  it,  he  marks 
Christ  on  their  shields." — De  Mortibus  Persecutorum,  xliv. 
p.  565. 

Now  this  "  letter  X  "  is  the  initial  of  Xpun-is, 
and  it  was  in  that  sign  or  symbol  displayed  on  his 
banners  that  he  was  to  be  the  victor. 

This  fact  is  also  manifest  from  an  inspection  of 
the  plates  in  Elliott's  Horce  Apoc.  where  the 
Greek  P  appears  in  the  middle  of  the  X,  making 
C  H  P.  Constantino's  standard  was  thus  a  literal 
embodiment  of  the  expression  of  the  Psalmist, 
"In  the  name  of  the  Lord  will  we  lift  up  our 
banners;"  and  no  doubt  on  this  its  first  appear- 
ance on  the  Roman  vexillum,  it  nerved  the  Chris- 
tian soldiers  in  his  army  with  more  than  usual  fire 
to  light  and  conquer  at  the  Milvian  Bridge. 

H.  W. 

THIRD  BUFFS  (3rd  S.  iv.  287,  337.)  —  Am  I 
to  understand  that  the  Third  wore  leather  accou- 
trements from  their  first  formation  as  a  regiment 
by  Charles  II.,  or  merely  that  they  were  the  first 
to  wear  leather  belts,  &c.  ?  I  have  had  the  fol- 


lowing passage  pointed  out  to   me  (Macaulay's 
History  of  England,  vol.  i.  p.  295)  :  — 

"The  third  regiment,  distinguished  by  flesh-coloured 
facings,  from  which  it  derived  the  well-known  name  of 
the  Buffs." 

If  this  is  correct  would  their  uniform  be  faced  with 
leather  ?  JOHN  DAVIDSON. 

NUMISMATIC  QUERIES  (3rd  S.  iv.  199.)  —  The 
subject  of  HKRJCENTRUDE'S  inquiry  is  a  common 
denarius  of  the  Naevia  family,  struck  probably 
about  B.C.  74,  and,  as  usual,  serrated.  The  head 
upon  it  is  that  of  Venus  and  not  of  Cleopatra,  and 
the  legend  is  c  .  NAB  .  BALB  (Caius  Nsevius  Bal- 
bus). 

The  other  pieces  described  by  HEHMENTRUPE 
(3rd  S.  iv.  28),  and  B.  H.  C.  (3rd  S.  iv.  218),  with 
different  abbreviations  of  AVE  MARIA  GRATIA 
FLENA  upon  them,  are  merely  counters  such  as 
were  in  general  use  for  accounts  until  they  were 
superseded  by  the  introduction  of  Arabic  nu- 
merals. JOHN  EVANS. 

SIMON  WADLOE  :  JOHN  WADLOE  (2nd  S.  iv.  207.) 
London  Scenes  and  London  People  is  a  book  full 
of  the  grossest  blunders,  and  totally  unworthy  the 
notice  of  an  antiquary.  Simon  Wadlow's  name 
appears  for  the  last  time  as  a  licensed  vintner  in 
the  Ward  Mote  return  of  December,  1626;  and 
the  burial  registers  of  St.  Dunstan's  notices,— 
"  March  30,  1627,  Symon  Wadlow,  vintner,  was 
buried  out  of  Fleet  Street."  The  widow  Wad- 
low's  name  is  returned  for  the  last  time  by  the 
Ward  Mote  on  December  21,  1629. 

The  name  of  John  Wadlow,  apparently  the  son 
of  old  Simon,  appears  firstly  as  a  licensed  vintner 
in  the  Ward  JMote  return  on  St.  Thomas's  day, 
December  21,  1646.  After  the  Great  Fire  in 
September  1666,  this  John  Wadlow  rebuilt  the 
Sun  Tavern  behind  the  Royal  Exchange ;  and  he 
appears  to  have  been  sufficiently  wealthy  to  have 
advanced  money  to  the  crown.  His  autograph 
was  attached  to  several  receipts  among  the  myriads 
of  Exchequer  documents  recently  destroyed. 

1  derive  the  above  dates  from  Mr.  J.  H.  Burn's 
Catalogue  of  the  Beaufoy  Tokens,  second  edition, 
1855,  p.  104,  et  seq.  EDWARD  F.  RIMBAUI/T. 

TATNTING  (3rd  S.  iv.  373.)  — This  means,  I 
think,  any  guard,  or  binding,  or  stiffening.  In 
all  the  instances  in  which  I  find  any  word  like 
taint,  tent,  tainct  used,  it  is  in  this  sense.  It  is 
always  easy  to  distinguish  between  the  derivatives 
of  tingo  and  tendo.  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

JACK  THE  GIANT  KILLER  (3rd  S.  iv.  306.)  — 
The  earliest  edition  of  this  popular  romance  of  the 
nursery  with  which  I  am  acquainted  is  the  follow- 
ing :  — 

"  The  History  of  Jack  and  the  Giants,  12mo,  n.  d. 

"  The  Second' Part  of  Jack  and  the  Giants,  giving  a  full 
Account  of  his  victorious  Conquests  over  the  North 


404 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  Nov.  14,  '63. 


Country  Giants,  destroying  the  Enchanted  Castle  kept 
by  Galligantus,  dispersed  the  Fiery  Griffins,  put  the  Con- 
juror to  flight,  and  released  not  only  many  Knights  and 
Ladies,  but  likewise  a  Duke's  Daughter,  to  whom  he  was 
honourably  married."  12mo,  Newcastle,  1711. 

It  is  accompanied  by  rude  woodcuts,  represent- 
ing the  principal  events  related  in  the  history, 
evidently  of  a  much  earlier  period  than  the  date  of 
the  book.  The  story  is  probably  of  remote  an- 
tiquity, and  may  be  traced  among  the  legends  of 
other  countries.  See  your  valued  correspondent 
MR.  KEIGHTLEY'S  Tales  and  Popular  Fictions, 
1834.  Mr.  Halliwell,  in  his  Catalogue  of  Chap- 
Books,  Garlands,  and  Popular  Histories,  printed 
for  private  circulation  in  1849,  has  some  very  in- 
teresting remarks  upon  the  Newcastle  edition  of 
Jack  the  Giant  Killer,  EDWARD  F.  RIMBAULT. 

"  ANNE  BOLEYN  "  A  TERM  OF  OPPROBRIUM 
(3rd  S.  iv.  245.)  —  It  is  not  so  much  sympathy 
with  Catharine  of  Arragon,  nor  any  virtuous 
moral  indignation  against  "  Anna  Bolena,"  which 
makes  the  name  of  the  latter  a  word  of  oppro- 
brium in  Spain  and  Italy,  as  the  fact  that  she  is 
supposed  to  have  caused  the  Reformation.  You 
are  told  in  Sicily,  that  the  noise  and  flame  of 
Mount  Etna  are  caused  by  the  throes  and  struggles 
of  an  English  queen,  who  has  been  placed  there 
for  having  introduced  heresy  into  that  country, 
one  queen  Anna ;  and  that,  like  Enceladus  of  old, 
whom  she  has  now  superseded  in  the  notions  of 
the  people, 

"  quoties  mutat  latus,  intremere  omnem 

Murmure  Trinacriam,  et  coelum  subtexere  fumo." 

A.  A. 
Poets'  Corner. 

"  MITCH  KB  DITCH  "  (3rd  S.  iv.  326.)— This  ex- 
pression,  "  Mitch  gudaytchye,"  is,  I  believe,  a 
Yorkshire  phrase,  meaning  "  Much  good  may  it 
do  you,"  clearly  the  sense  in  which  it  is  used  in 
the  quotation  by  J.  C.  H.  It  is  pronounced 
rapidly  as  if  one  word.  H.  J. 

Sheffield. 


ffititettzneaus. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

Calendar  of  State  Pvpers,  Foreign  Series,  of  the  Reign  of 
Elizabeth,  1558 — 1559,  preserved  in  the  State  Paper  De- 
partment of  Her  Majesty's  Public  Record  Office.  Edited 
by  the  Rev.  Joseph  Stevenson,  M.A.  Under  the  Direc- 
tion of  the  Master  of  the  Rolls,  &c.  (Longman,) 

This  goodly  volume  of  between  600  and  700  pages 
contains  Abstracts,  more  or  less  full,  of  upwards  of  four- 
teen hundred  Documents  connected  with  the  Foreign 
Relations  of  this  Country  during  the  first  two  years  of 
Elizabeth's  reign.  They  are  introduced  by  a  Sketch 
of  the  Life  of  Elizabeth  up  to  the  time  of  her  Accession  to 
the  Throne,  in  which  the  Editor  certainly  exhibits  no 
strong  prejudices  in  her  favour.  Many  of  the  more  im- 
portant documents  are  given  so  fully  as  to  render  further 
reference  to  the  originals  almost  unnecessary ;  and,  this 
being  the  case,  our  readers  will  at  once  see  what  an  in- 


valuable mass  of  illustration  to  the  more  popular  work  on 
the  Reign  of  Elizabeth,  just  published  by  Mr.  Froude, 
is  to  be  found  in  the  present  volume  —  a  volume  which 
reflects  great  credit  upon  the  care  and  learning  of  Mr. 
Stevenson. 

Memorials  of  the  Abbey  of  St.  Mary  of  Fountains.  Col- 
lected and  Edited  by  John  Richard  Walbran,  F.S.A. 
(Published  for  the  Surtees  Society.) 
This  volume,  for  which  the  antiquarian  public  is  in- 
debted to  the  Surtees  Society,  is  the  first  endeavour  to 
record  at  length  the  history  of  the  Abbey  of  Fountains — 
now  as  remarkable  for  the  beauty  of  its  extensive  ruins, 
as  it  was  formerly  for  its  position  and  influence  among 
the  monastic  institutions  of  the  country.  Mr.  Walbran, 
to  whom  the  Society  has  entrusted  the  duty  of  editing 
the  vast  mass  of  curious  and  interesting  documents  here 
collected  together,  has  brought  to  his  task  great  zeal  and 
intelligence ;  and  the  result  is  a  book,  in  which  we  get 
so  many  interesting  particulars  of  the  more  eminent 
members  of  this  institution,  and  so  many  curious  details 
as  to  the  sources,  management,  and  application  of  its 
revenues,  as  to  throw  great  light  upon  the  history  and 
social  influences  not  only  of  Fountains  Abbey,  but  of  all 
similar  institutions. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Ax  ESSAY  ON   THE    STATE  or  LITERATURE    UNDER   THE  AMGLO-SAIOJCS, 
by  T.  Wright,  M.A.,  &c.    London,  1839,  published  by  C.  Knight. 

»*»  Letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriage  free,  to  be 
sent  to  MESSRS.  BEIL  &  DALDV,  Publishers  of  "NOTES  AND 
QUERIES,"  186,  Fleet  Street,  B.C. 


Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose: — 
REPORT  FROM  THE  COMHITTKB  'ON  THE   COTTONIAN  LIBRART.    London, 

1732,  fin.  folio. 
POEMS,  SONOS,  AND  SONNETS,  by  Thomas  Carew.    Edited  by  Lord  Dun- 

drennan.    Edinb.  1824, 8vo. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  James  Yeowett,  4,  Minerva  Terrace,  Barnsbury,  N. 


PHINSEPS'S  USEFUL  TABLES,  published  in  Calcutta. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  G.  Packer,  Bookseller,  23,  King  Street,  Portman 
Square,  London. 


to 

We  are  compelled  by  want  of  space  to  postpone  several  Notes  on 
Books. 
MR.  WALTON'S  Experimental  Theosophy  will  appear  in  our  next. 

C.  D.  (Oxford)  The  canons  of  the  Council  holden  at  Hertford,  A.D. 
673,  originally  appeared  inSede's  Ecclesiastical  History,  book  iv.  ch,  v., 
which  has  now  become  a  common  book.  The  locality  of  Cloveshoo  is  a 
disputed  point.  See  a  curious  paver  rejecting  it  in  the  Oentleman'g 
Mag.  for  August  1814,  p.  153.  The'writer  conjectures  that  it  wa»  Clifton 
Hoo  «'»  Bedfordshire. 

DAVID  GAM.  The,  query  respecting  the  Bishop  noticed  in  the  Cautions 
for  the  Times  has  already  appeared  with  a  reply  to  it  from  a  well-in- 
formed clergyman:  see  "  N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  i.  306, 393.  The  reply  appears 
to  have  been  satisfactory,  as  no  exception  was  taken  to  it  at  the  time,  not 
even  by  Archbishop  Whately  himseff,  who  was  a  reader  as  well  as  an 
occasional  contributor  to  our  pages. 

OXONIENSES.  See  our  1st  S.  iv.  91.  for  the  probable  origin  of  the 
aphorism, "  Fiat  j  ustitia,  mat  ccclum.' ' 

ERRATUM. —  3rd  S.  iv.  p.  338,  col.  ;i.  line  26,  for  "Wemur"  read 
"  Wemme." 

"NOTES  AND  QCERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  I'ublishcrs  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  1  Is.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  MBSSRS.  BELL  A.VD  DALDY,  186,  FLEET  STREET,  E.C.,  to  whom 
aM  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


Full  benefit  of  reduced  duty  obtained  by  purchasing  Iforniman's  Pure 
Tea;  very  choice  at  3s.  4rf.  anrf4«.  " High  Standard"  at  48.  4d.  (for- 
merly 4s.  8rf.),  is  the  strongest  and  most  delicious  imported.  Agent*  in 
every  town  supply  it  in  Packets. 


3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  14, '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

TTTESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

ft      A™  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIBF  OFFICKS  :  .1.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.  E.Bicknell.Esq. 

T.Somers  Cocke.Esq.,  M.A..J.P. 

Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,  M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.  Howard,  D.C.L. 
James  Hunt,  Esq. 


John  Leigh,  Esq. 

Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 

F.  B.  Maraon,  Esq. 

E.  Vansittart  Neale,  Esq.,  H.A. 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Jas.  Lj  s  Seager,  Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White,  Esq. 


Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary. — Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society  s  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Kates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONDS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MEDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOR  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14«. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 

O  S  T   E    O       EXDOXT. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

pABRIEL'S     SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DEKTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Lndgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.   For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  inc.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth."    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

JC.  and  J.  FIELD,  Original  Manufacturers  (in 
•  England)  of  PARAFFINE  CANDLES,  to  whom  the  prize 
medal  (1862)  has  been  awarded,  and  their  Candles  adopted  by  her 
Majesty's  Government  for  use  at  the  Military  Stations  abroad.  These 
Candles  can  be  obtained  of  all  Chandlers  and  Grocers  in  the  United 
Kingdom.  Price  Is.  8d.  per  Ib.  Also  Field's  celebrated  United  Service 
Soap  Tablets,  6d.  and  \d.  each.  The  Public  are  cautioned  to  see  that 
Field's  label  is  on  the  packets  or  boxes.  Wholesale  only,  and  for 
Exportation,  Upper  Marsh,  Lambeth,  London,  S. 

PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

IT  MAGNOLIA.  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM, PAiCHOULY,  EVBR-SWEET,  MEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1,000  others.  2s.  6d.  each.— 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 

HOLLOW  AY'S  OINTMENT  AND  PILLS.— 
The  worst  description  of  ulcers,  the  most  revolting  sores,  and  the 
intensest  external  inflammations  yield  before  this  cooling  Ointment, 
when  its  effect  is  augmented  by  the  internal  administration  of  Hollo- 
way's  Pills,  la  "  bad  legs  "  this  Ointment  has  only  to  be  applied  for  a 
few  days  before  its  beneficial  influence  is  teen  over  those  indolent  ul- 
cerations  which  no  previous  treatment  could  ease,  much  less  cure. 
Under  its  application  the  pains  decrease,  the  almost  bursting  skin  re- 
laxes, and  healthy  granulations  spring  up  to  displace  the  old  matter, 
winch  was  horrifying  to  behold.  Ilolloway's  Ointment  purifies  the 
blood  in  the  neighbouring  vessels,  from  which  firm  and  good  flesh  can 
alone  be  formed;  it  quickens  the  absorption  of  effete  substances,  and 
re-establishes  soundness. 


HE    LIVERPOOL     AND    LONDON 

FIRE  AND  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  in  1836. 

OFFICES  :  — 1,  Dale  Street,  Liverpool;  20  and  21,  Poultry, 
London,  E.G. 

PROGRESS  OF  THE  COMPANY  SINCE  1850. 


Year 

Fire  Premiums 

Life  Premiums 

Invested  Funds 

1851 

« 
54,305 

ft 
27,157 

4 

502,824 

1856 

222,279 

72,781 

821,061 

1S61 

360,130 

135,974 

1,311,905 

1862 

436,065 

138,703 

1,417,808 

The  Fire  Duty  paid  by  this  Company  in  England  in  1862  was  71,234*. 
SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 
JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 

Fire  Policies  falling  due  at  Michaelmas  should  be  renewed  by  the  14th 
October. 

•\TORTH  BRITISH  AND  MERCANTILE 

11  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  1809. 
Incorporated  by  Royal  Charter  and  Special  Acts  of  Parliament. 

Accumulated  and  Invested  Funds 42.122.828 

Annual  Revenue «Ji22,401 


LONDON  BOARD. 

JOHN  WHITE  CATER,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  MORRISON,  Esq.,  Deputy-Chairman 


A.  De  Arroyave,  Esq. 
Edward  Cohen,  Esq. 
James  Du  Buisson,  Esq. 
P.  Du  Pr£  Grenfell,  Esq. 
A.  Klockmann,  Esq. 


John  Mollett,  Esq. 
Junius  S.  Morgan,  Esq. 
G.  Garden  Nicol,  Esq. 
John  H.  Wm.  Schroder,  Esq. 
George  Young,  Esq. 


Ex-Dl  RECTORS. 

A.  H.  Campbell,  Esq.  I  P.  P.  Ralli,  Esq. 

F.  C.  Cavan,  Esq.  Robert  Smith,  Esq. 

Frederic  Somes,  Esq. 

Manager  of  Fire  Department—George  H.  Why  ting. 
Superintendent  of  Foreign  Department— G.  H.  Burnett. 

Secretary— T.  W.  Lance. 
General  Manager— David  Smith. 

FIRE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  Company  grants  Insurances  against  Fire  in  the  United  King- 
dom, and  all  Foreign  Countries. 

Mercantile  risks  in  the  Port  of  London  accepted  at  reduced  rates. 
Losses  promptly  and  liberally  settled. 

Foreign  finks.  — The  Directors  having  a  practical  knowledge  of 
Foreign  Countries  are  prepared  to  issue  Policies  on  the  most  favour- 
able terms.  In  all  cases  a  discount  will  be  allowed  to  Merchants  and 
others  effecting  such  insurances. 

LIFE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  following  Statement  exhibits  the  improvement  effected  during 
the  last  few  years :  — 

No.  of  Policies          Sums.  Premiums, 

issued.  t.  £•     >•  d. 

1858        455        377,425        12,56618    8 

1859  605        449,913        ....        14,070    1    6 

1860  ....  741        ....        475,649        ....        14,071  17    7 

1861  785        ....        527.&J6        ....         16,553    2    9 

1862  ....         1,037        ....        768,334        ....        23,611    0    0 
Thus  in  five  years  the  number  of  Policies  issued  was  3,623,  assuring 

the  large  sum  ot  2,928,9472. 

The  leading  features  of  the  Office  are  :— 

1.  Entire  Security  to  Assurers. 

2.  The  large  Bonus  Additions  already  declared,  and  the  prospect  of  a 
further  Bonus  at  the  next  investigation. 

3.  The  advantages  afforded  by  the  varied  Tables  of  Premiums— unre- 
stricted conditions  of  Policies— and  general  liberality  in  dealing  with 

Forms  of  Proposal  and  every  information  will  be  furnished  on  appli- 
cation at  the 

Head  Offices  :  LONDON 58,  Threadneedle  Street. 

4,  New  Bank- buildings. 
EDINBURGH 64,  Princes  Street. 

WEST-END  OFFICE  :  8,  WATERLOO-PLACE,  Pall  Mall. 


IMPERIAL    LIFE    INSURANCE    COMPANY, 
1,  OLD  BROAD  STREET,  E.C. 

Instituted  A.D.  1820. 

A  SUPPLEMENT  to  the  PROSPECTUS,  showing  the  advantages 
of  the  Bonus  System,  may  be  had  on  application  to 

SAMUEL  INGALL,  Actuary. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


g.  IV.  Nor.  14,  '63. 


GEOOMBRIDGE    &   SONS' 

NEW   BOOKS. 


A  SPRING  and  SUMMER  IN  LAPLAND.     With 

Notes  on  the  Fauna  of  LuleS  Lapmark.    By  an  OLD  BUSHMAN, 
Author  of  "  Bush  Wanderings  in  Australia."  Post  8vo.  cloth. 

[This  month. 

NEW  WORK  BY  THE  AUTHOR  OF  "  THE  HEIR  OF 
REDCLYFFE,"  &c. 

THE  WARS  OF  WAPSBURGH.     By  the  Author 

of"  The  Heir  of  Redclyffe,"  &c.    Cloth  gilt.  \_lfearlu  ready. 


NEW  WORK  BY  DR.  SPENCER  COBBOLD. 

ENTOZOA:  an  Introduction  to  the  Study  of  Hel- 

mintholozy.  With  a  particular  Account  of  the  Internal  Parasites 
of  Mankind,  and  the  Diseases  tliey  occasion.  By  T.  SPENCER 
COBBOLD,  M.D.,  F.L.S.  Illustrated  by  numerous  Coloured  and 
Tinted  Plates.  C/n  preparation. 


MR.  MORIER  EVANS'S  NEW  WORK. 

SPECULATIVE    NOTES    AND    NOTES    ON 

SPECULATION,  Ideal  and  Real.  By  D.  MORIER  EVANS, 
Author  of  "  Facts,  Failures,  and  Frauds,"  "  History  of  the  Com- 
mercial Crisis,"  &c.  Post  8vo,  cloth.  tin  December. 


A  NEW  WORK  ON  THE  CULTURE  OF  THE 

ROSE.    By  SHIRLEY  HIBBERD.    With  Illustrations. 

\In  the  Press. 


NEW  BOOK  FOR  THE  MICROSCOPE. 

MICROSCOPE    TEACHINGS.      Descriptions    of 

various  Objects  of  especial  Interest  and  Beauty  adapted  for  Micro- 
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With  Directions  for  the  Arrangement  of  a  Microscope,  and  the 
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THE  DESK  BOOK  OF  ENGLISH  SYNONYMES. 

Designed  to  afford  Assistance  in  Composition,  and  also  as  a  Work 
of  Reference  requisite  for  the  Secretary,  and  useful  to  the  Student. 
By  JOHN  SHERER.  Small  post  8vo,  cloth.  [/»  a  few  Days, 


ENGLAND'S  WORKSHOPS.   Metal  Workshops— 

Chemical  Workshops—Glass  Workshops— Provision  and   Supply 
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Dr.  G.  L.  M.  STRAUSS, 
C.  W.QUIN.F.C.8.. 
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W.J.PROWSE. 


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Winter  Nights.    SIXTH  VOLUME. 
COXTMT*:- 

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SWEET  SPRING  TIME.    By  THOMAS  MILLER. 

CALDAS,  A  STORY  OF  8TONEHENGE.     BY  JULIA  COR- 
NER. 

THE  POOR  COUSIN.    By  FRANCES  BROWNE. 

THE  PLANTER'S  SON.    By  W.  HEARD  HILLYARD. 

THE  MERIVALES.    By  SARAH  WOOD. 

PETER    DRAKE'S    DREAM.       By   FRANCES    FREELING 
BRODERIP. 

Illustrated  with  Thirty  Engravings,  cloth,  gilt,  2s.  6'JC. 


GROOMBRIDGE  &  SONS,  5,  Paternoster  ROTS-. 


Just  published,  post  8vo,  cloth,  price  7s.  <k/., 

ON   THE  POPULAR    NAMES    OF    BRITISH 
PLANTS ;  beine  an  Explanation  of  the  Origin  and  Meaning  of 
the  names  of  our  indigenous  and  most  commonly  cultivated  Species. 
By  R.  C.  ALEXANDER  PRIOR,  M.D.,  F.L.S.,  &c. 

By  the  same  author,  3  vols.  8vo,  cloth,  price  IUs.  6d. 

ANCIENT  DANISH  BALLADS,  translated  from 

the  Originals.    With  Introduction  and  Notes. 

WILLIAMS  &   NORGATE,  14,  Henrietta   Street,  Covcnt  Garden. 
London;  and  20,  South  Frederick  Street,  Edinburgh. 


DIEZ  ON  THE  ROMANCE  LANGUAGES. 
Just  published,  8vo,  cloth,  price  4s.  6d. 

A  N   INTRODUCTION   to  the  GRAMMAR    of 

fX    the  ROMANCE  LANGUAGES,  translated  from  the  German  of 
F«.  DIEZ.    By  C.  B.  CAYLEY,  B.A. 

WILLIAMS  &  NORGATE,  14,  Henrietta  Street,  Covent  Garden, 
London;  and  20,  South  Frederick  Street,  Edinburgh. 


DR.  TATTAM'S  EGYPTIAN  GRAMMAR—NEW  AND 

IMPROVED  EDITION. 
Just  published,  8 vo,  cloth,  price  9s. 

A  GRAMMAR    of   the    EGYPTIAN   LAN- 
GUAGE,  as  contained  in  the  Coptic,  Sahidic,  anil  Bashmuric 
iJiulects;  together  with  Alphabets  and  Numerals  in  the  Hieroglyphic 
and  Enchorial  Characters.    By  the  REV.  H.  TATTAM.LL.D.,  D.D.. 
F.R.S.    Second  Edition,  revised  and  improved. 

WILLIAMS  &  NORGATE,  14,  Henrietta  Street,  Covent  Garden, 
London;  and  m,  South  Frederick  Street,  Edinburgh. 

Third  Edition,  3  Vols.  8vo,  cloth,  price  4'is. 

BOPP'S  COMPARATIVE  GRAMMAR  of  the 
Sanscrit,  Zend,  Greek,  Latin,  Lithuanian,  Gothic,  German,  and 
Sclavonic  Languages.    Translated  by  E.  B.  EASTWICK,  Esq. 

PROFESSOR  MONIER  WILLIAMS,  M.A. 
Price  5s.,  8vo,  cloth, 

TNDIAN  EPIC  POETRY  ;   being  the  Substance 

.L  of  Lectures  recently  given  at  Oxford ;  with  a  full  Analysis  of  the 
Maha-Bharata.  and  the  Leading  Story  of  the  Ramayaua.  By  MONIER 
WILLIAMS,  M.A.,  Bodeu  Professor  of  Sanskrit. 

Also,  lately,  by  the  same  Author,  price  2s.  8vo,  sewed, 

On  the  STUDY  of  SANSKRIT  in  relation   to 

MISSIONARY  WORK  in  INDIA :  an  Inaugural  Lecture.  With 
Notes  and  Additions. 

WILLIAMS  &  NORGATE,  14,  Henrietta  Street,  Covent  Garden, 
London  ;  and  20,  South  Frederick  Street,  Edinburgh. 


UVCB'S    SHAKESPEARE. 

A  new  edition  in  the  press,  to  be  completed  in  Eight  Volumes, 
demy  8vo, 

THE  WORKS  OF  SHAKESPEARE.     Edited  by 

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Port  24».,30s.    „     36s.        „ 

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Vintage  1834 ,   108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840 ,     84«.        „ 

Vintage  1847 ,.     72s.       „ 

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hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  8ls.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  66s., 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmeey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymse  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
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HE    NATURAL    WINES    of   FRANCE.— J. 

L  CAMPBELL,  Wine  Merchant,  158,  Regent  Street,  recommends 
attention  to  the  following  CLARETS,  selected  by  himself  on  the 
Garonne:  — Vinde  Bordeaux  (which  greatly  improves  by  keeping  m 
bottle  two  or  three  years),  20s.;  St.  Julien,  22s.;  La  Rose,  26s.;  St. 
Estephe,  36s.;  St.  Emilion,  42s.;  Haut  Brion,  4a?.;  Lafitte,  Latour, 
and  Chateau  Margaux,  60s.  to  84s.  per  dozen.  J.  C.'s  experience  and 
Known  reputation  for  French  wines  will  be  some  guarantee  for  the 
iundness  of  the  wine  quated  at  20s.  per  dozen — Note.  Burgundies  from 
s.  to  54s.;  Chablis,  26s.  and  30.<.  per  dozen.  E.  Clicquot's  finest  Cham- 
pagne, 66s.  per  dozen.  Remittances  or  town  references  should  bead- 
dressed  JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 


3"i  S.  IV.  Nov.  21,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


405 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  NOVEMBER  21,  1863. 


CONTENTS.  — N°.  99. 

NOTES  :  —  Experimental  Theosophy.— '  Singular  Relation,' 
405  — Misuse  of  Words,  407  — Andrew  Hart,  &c.,  408  — 
The  old  Lady,  her  Umbrella,  and  the  Electric  Telegraph,  Ib. 

MINOR  NOTES  :  —  Curious  Circumstance  —  Inedited  Cul- 
loden  Dispatch  —  The  Rev.  John  Johnson,  M.A.,  and  the 
Rev.  John  Johnson,  LL.D.  —  Cheap  Publication  in  the 
16th  Century—  The  George  and  Blue  Boar,  409. 

QUERIES :— Auctions  in  Cumberland  —  Barrett  and  Harris 
Family  —  Choak-Jade  at  Newmarket  —  Charles  II.  — 
Eleanor  Cobham  —  Dr.  Croly —  Dighton  the  Caricaturist 

—  Dutch  Delf  —  Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  &c.  —  Ganymede  — 
The  Heart  of  St.  George  —  "  Josephine's  Address  to  Napo- 
leon " — "  King's  College  Magazine  " — Knock-out  —  Making 
Claret — "  Memoirs  of  Nine  Living  Characters  "  —  Moorgate 
and  Finsbury  Court  House  —  "  Parvse  Accessiones  "  —  &The 
Rev.  John  Platts  —  Charles  Price  alias  Patch  —  Prince  of 
"Wales's  Feathers,  &c.,  410. 

QUEBIES  WITH  ANSWEES:— Dr.  Lambe:  Madame  Davers 

—  Merchants  and  Tradesmen's  Marks  —  Pennsylvanian 
Bonds  —  Storm  Signals  —  Quotation,  413. 

REPLIES:  — St.  Anthony's  Sermon  to  the  Fishes,  414  — 
Long  Grass,  415  — Mrs.  Cokayne  of  Ashbourne,  Ib.  —  Chris- 
tian Names,  416  —  Maps  —  Clerk  of  the  Cheque  —  Anthony- 
Young  —  Signet  assigned  to  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots  —  "  Pal- 
las Armata  "  —  Inkstand  —  Duke  of  Kingston's  Regiment 

—  Devil,  a  Proper  Name  —  St.   Peter's-in-the-East  — 
" Cleanliness  next  to  Godliness"  —  Foxhangre —  St.  Mary 
Matfelon  —  The  Prince  Imperial  descended  from  Blanche 
de  France  —  Rob  —  Discovery  of  the  Tyrian  Purple  — 
Bishop's  Dress — Mutilation  of  Sepulchral  Monuments  — 
Obscure  Scottish  Saints  — Roger  Kenyon,  &c.,  417. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


EXPEKIMENTAL  THEOSOPHY.  — « SINGULAR 
RELATION.' 

FREHER,  the  learned  commentator  upon  the 
writings  of  Jakob  Bohme  (N.  and  Q.  2nd  S.  20  and 
26),  a  native  of  Noriinberg  in  Germany,*  after 
spending  some  years  in  Holland,  in  intimacy  with 
Gichtel  (the  editor  and  publisher  of  the  first  uni- 
form edition  of  Bohme's  works,  A.D.  1682),  with 
Poiret,  and  other  famous  spiritual  persons  of  that 
age  abroad,  came  over  to  this  country  about  the 
year  1694;  as  it  would  appear,  to  investigate  the 
nature  of  the  '  Philadelphian  Society,'  then  insti- 
tuted in  London,  and  to  converse  with  its  chief 
spiritual  head,  Mrs.  Jane  Lead,  whose  mystical 
writings  in  part  had  been  translated  into  the  Ger- 
man tongue  ;  and  he  remained  here  until  his  de- 
cease in  the  year  1728,  aged  79  years.  His  'Eluci- 
cidations  of  Bohme's  Philosophy  and  Theology,' 
contained  in  the  first  five  volumes,  lettered  A,  B, 
C,  D,  E,  were  composed  by  him,  between  the  years 

*  Dr.  Francis  Lee,  in  his  Apologetical  Letter  to  Henry 
Dodwell,  A.D.  1701,  thus  mentions  Freher: — "I  know 
(says  he)  a  person  of  great  accuracy  of  thought,  and 
coolness  of  mind,  as  well  as  of  a  most  holy  and  primitive 
life,  who  is  undertaking  to  render  Bohme  intelligible,  by 
a  true  and  genuine  representation  of  his  principles,  both 
of  divinity  and  philosophy,. after  having  read  all  his  books 
in  the  original  more  than  ten  times,  though  not  without 
the  greatest  disgust  imaginable  in  the  beginning." — Me- 
morial of  Law,  p.  206. 

i 


1699  and  1705.  In  the  E  volume  of  these  Dis- 
courses, which  is  thus  intituled,  '  Of  the  Eternal 
Word's  becoming  Flesh ;  or,  Of  the  pure  Immacu- 
late Conception  and  Incarnation  of  our  Lord  Jesus 
Christ,  in  the  Womb  of  the  Messed  Virgin  Mary,' 
(which  is  in  the  handwriting  of  the  author  himself, 
and  now  before  me,)  I  find  the  following  '  singular 
relation,''  which  may  be  worthy  of  a  place  among 
the  collected  curiosities  of  the  pages  of  N.  and  Q. 
In  Freher's  MS.  Index  to  these  volumes,  the  ac- 
count is  inserted  '  Historical  Relation  of  N.  £.' 
Freher's  works,  it  is  to  be  observed,  were  left  all 
in  MS.,  in  the  possession  of  his  private  friends ; 
who  at  their  decease  bequeathed  them  to  their 
successors,  or  transferred  them  to  assured  guar- 
dians of  them,  and  thus  they  have  been  preserved 
down  to  the  present  day.  They  are,  with  two  ex- 
ceptions, in  English. 

GICHTEL  died  in  the  year  1710,  and  his  Letters 
to  his  friends  were  afterwards  collected,  and  pub- 
lished in  six  volumes,  A.D.  1722;  to  which,  as  a 
seventh  volume,  was  appended  his  life,  thus  in- 
tituled '  The  Wonderful  and  Holy  Life  of  John 
George  GichteU  This  entire  publication  was 
termed  "  Theosophia  Practica,"  (See  '  N.  and  Q.' 
p.  373,  supra.)  The  Memoir  was  drawn  up 
under  the  general  direction  of  Gichtel's  surviv- 
ing friend  and  intimate  companion,  Ueberfeldt, 
who  had  resided  with  him  for  many  years,  and  up 
to  the  close  of  his  life.  He  supplied  the  chief  in- 
formation for  the  work ;  but,  as  his  own  name 
would  often  have  to  appear  on  its  pages,  though 
it  is  now  distinguished  only  by  the  letter  U,  he 
declined  the  task  of  personally  inditing  it, — which 
was  composed  by  another,  who  was  a  stranger  to 
Gichtel  personally.  This  Memoir,  it  will  be  ob- 
served, was  published  near  twenty  years  after  the 
'  Singular  Relation '  had  been  narrated  in  the  pri- 
vate MS.  treatise  of  Freher.  In  the  published 
Life,  this  '  Singular  Eelation  '  is  found  inserted, 
though  somewhat  varied  from  the  narrative  of  it 
by  Freher.  The  transaction,  according  to  the 
published  account,  took'jplace  in  the  year  1672 ; 
but  the  party  it  refers  to,  is  there  named  as  one 
'  Gabriel  M — s,'  and  not  one  '  N.  S.'  as  designated 
in  Freher's  own  index.  Freher's  relation  of  it  is 
as  follows :  — 

«...  But  further,  though  it  is  firm  and  solid 
enough,  that  the  soul  in  its  spiritual  figure  is  a  globe,  not 
a  triangle  nor  a  square,  but  a  perfect  globe,  I  cannot 
nevertheless  but  confirm  this  saying  of  our  author 
(Bohme),  by  relating  faithfully  a  most  considerable 
thing,  happened  to  a  certain  person  whom  I  know,  hav- 
ing heard  a  full  account  thereof,  not  once  or  twice  but 
several  times  from  his  own  mouth.  And  this  the  rather, 
because  it  will  be  most  proper  for  this  place ;  for  it  will 
declare  several  important  things  concerning  the  soul, 
considered  purely  as  to  itself;  and  moreover  it  mar  leave 
behind  it  some  or  other  benefit,  if  it  can  be  believed  and 
received,  as  it  easily  can  if  Bohme's  ground  is  under- 
stood, and  if  a  middle  state  is  owned  between  hell  and 
heaven. 


406 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8*4  S.  IV.  Nov.  21,  '63. 


A  certain  person,  of  a  great  and  rich  family  well  known 
to  me,  though  I  knew  not  that  very  person,  had  lived 
such  a  life  as  young  and  rich  people  are  generally  used 
to,  indulging  his  earthly  sensual  pleasures;  though  he 
was  also  not  altogether  a  stranger  to  the  inward  work  of 
God  upon  his  soul.  This  young  man  had  a  friend,  who 
still  is  alive  —  at  least  I  know  nothing  to  the  contrary, 
and  with  him  he  had  conversed  for  several  years  most 
familiarly,  so  that  he  communicated  unto  him  his  greatest 
secrets.  At  length  finding  himself  disappointed  about 
an  advantageous  marriage,  and  being  absent  from  his 
friend  in  another  city,  so  that  he  could  not  communicate 
with  him,  he  fell  suddenly  into  such  a  sad  condition  of 
mind,  that  he  designed  to  kill  himself;  and  this  design, 
though  he  was  prevented  the  first  time,  when  he  would 
have  drowned  himself  in  a  deep  water,  he  performed  aoon 
thereafter,  if  not  the  self-  same  day,  giving  himself  a 
mortal  wound  with  his  own  sword.  His  friend  being 
certainly  a  faithful  friend  to  him,  and  such  a  one  as  very 
seldom  may  be  found,  was  extremely  sorrowful  at  this 
lamentable  case ;  and  being  a  man  not  only  of  conscience, 
but  also  of  great  experience  in  the  regenerate  life,  and 
understanding  Bonnie's  theosophic  and  magical  science  in 
a  deep  experimental  manner,  found  himself  obliged  to  do 
what  he  could,  and  what  he  knew  was  possible  to  be 
done,  by  a  living  for  a  departed  soul,  if  begun  in  true 
faith,  and  carried  on  in  a  continual  relying  upon  the  as- 
sistance of  God,  who  is  not  pleased  with  the  death  of  a 
sinner.  Having  therefore  earnestly  prepared  himself,  he 
was  a  great  while  very  inquisitive  into  the  state  of  this 
departed  soul ;  and  God  answered  his  intention  with  such 
a  good  success,  that  he  was  brought  into  the  region  .of 
darkness,  which  he  said  was  so  inexpressibly,  and  as  it 
were  palpably  dark  and  thick,  that  the  very  darkest 
night  in  this  principle,  could  not  at  all  come  into  compa- 
rison with  it.  Therein  now  he  met  with  another  no  less 
considerable  occurrence,  which  yet  I  shall  pass  by,  in- 
tending only  to  relate  that  which  concerns  this  miserable 
soul.  Which  he  found  at  length,  as  he  said,  in  Saturn,  or 
in  the  first,  saturnine,  harsh,  astringent  property  of  the 
centre  of  nature ;  and  there  he  found  it  in  the  figure  of 
a  little  globe,  so  contracted,  astricted  and  narrowed,  that 
it  had  as  to  appearance  no  life,  and  no  ability  to  exert 
any  of  its  powers  and  faculties.  Like  as  a  man,  or  another 
living  creature,  exposed  to  a  great,  intolerable  frost,  (for 
this  simile  he  used,)  contracts  his  hands  and  feet,  and  all 
his  members  into  the  narrowest  space,  rolling  them  up  as 
near  as  he  can  in  the  figure  of  a  globe,  so  that  he  lieth  as 
a  dead,  unmoveable  thing ;  for  no  life,  nor  motion  ap- 
pears without,  though  there  is  still  a  narrowed  life  within, 
which  is  shut  up  as  it  were  in  a  narrow  prison.  This 
miserable  soul  he  spoke  to  in  great  earnest,  admonishing 
it,  that  it  should  recollect  and  raise  up  again  its  life  and 
power,  and  set  itself,  first  in  a  will  and  desire,  to  turn 
from  this  condition  unto  God;  and  especially  that  it 
should  remember,  in  what  a  great  tumult  and  activity  it 
had  been,  when  it  forced  itself  so  violently  to  go  out  of 
its  body ;  such  a  liveliness  then  should  it  now  also  stir  up 
in  itself  again,  for  to  come  away  from  this  state,  and  to 
draw  nearer  unto  God,  etc.  Concerning  the  manner  of 
this  speaking,  he  could  give  an  account  thereof  sufficient 
enough  to  show,  there  was  a  true  reality  therein,  having 
had  in  this  matter  peculiar  deep  experiences ;  so  that  he 
heard  spiritual  speeches  having  no  communion  with  any 
earthly  language,  and  yet  much  more  intelligible,  and 
giving  a  far  deeper  impression  than  any  outward  sound. 
But  at  first  all  this  exhortation  was  in  vain,  and  had  no 
appearing  effect  at  all ;  this  soul  being  then  so  over- 
powered, by  that  cold,  saturnine  power  of  darkness, 
that  it  could  not  move  in  the  least,  and  as  to  appearance 
hardly  take  any  notice  of  what  it  was  counselled  to  do ; 
though  it  was  not  without  effect  in  its  internal  ground, 


which  shewed  forth  itself  hereafter.  For  this  worthy  friend , 
having  now  once  found  out  the  mansion  or  prison  of  this 
soul,  was  further  drawn  in  his  mind  to  give  a  visit  unto 
it  every  night,  for  three  or  four  hours,  and  this  during  the 
time  of  a  full  year !  His  body  laid  in  the  bed  indeed,  in 
such  a  condition  as  if  it  had  been  in  a  vehement  sickness, 
without  the  use  of  outward  senses ;  but  his  spirit  was 
taken  up  or  rather  down,  into  that  region  of  darkness, 
and  was  there  in  the  greatest  work  and  labour,  to  direct 
this  poor  soul,  how  it  should  prepare  and  dispose  itself  for 
a  turning  to  the  God  of  love.  And  when  he  returned  to 
the  body  again,  he  was  so  weak  and  fainting,  that  he 
thought  many  times  his  outward  life  would  have  an  end. 
And  commonly,  if  not  always,  he  laid  in  such  a  sweat, 
that  all  his  bed  was  wet.  But  nevertheless,  God,  in 
answer  to  his  continued  wrestling  faith  and  prayer,  sup- 
ported him  still  with  power;  and  though  he  fell  really 
into  a  sickness,  yet  this  did  not  hinder  nor  interrupt 
the  continuance  of  this  magical  exercise  every  night 
for  a  whole  year,  and  as  I  well  remember,  a  little  more. 
During  which  time,  this  valiant  Christian  warrior  brought 
forth  this  soul  from  that  first  Saturninish  mansion,  into 
the  second  of  Mercury — the  bitter,  stinging  property ;  and 
further  from  this  also  into  the  third  of  Mars — the  anguish- 
ing, whirling  wheel,  the  next  degree  to  the  Fire;  in  each 
of  which  it  was  kept  for  a  certain  time,  as  in  a  peculiar 
prison,  different  from  the  former,  though  all  in  the  same 
dark  region  or  centre  of  nature,  according  to  the  different 
qualifications  of  these  three  properties  thereof;  each  of 
which  laid  hold  on  the  soul,  as  having  in  its  soulish  being 
something  out  of  them,  so  that  each  would  have  kept 
that  which  was  its  own.  And  when  it  now  thus  was  gone 
through  all  these  three,  and  was  come  to  the  fourth,  it  ap- 
peared, that  the  first  instruction  which  earnestly  was 
pressed  upon  this  soul,  had  taken  ground  and  root  therein ; 
for  then  it  raised  up  itself  mightily,  and  with  such  a 
strong  violence,  as  in  which  it  had  forced  itself  out  Qf  its 
body ;  it  would  now  have  broken  also  through  the  prin- 
ciple of  Fire,  and  forced  itself  into  the  Light.  But  at  the 
first  entrance,  this  fiery  region  so  captivated  it,  that  all 
its  force  and  poweriwas  broken,  and  its  course  was  stopped, 
like  as  if  a  strong  iron  bar  had  been  laid  cross  in  the  way. 
And  in  this  Fire  it  must  hold  out  a  considerable  time  also, 
as  in  a  new  particular  prison,  different  from  all  the 
former,  wherein  it  had,  as  he  expressed  it,  its  greatest 
purgatory.  And  thus  it  was  now  transported  from  one 
extremity  of  the  greatest  frost,  into  the  other  of  the 
greatest  heat,  and  had  felt  abundantly,  what  a  soul  is  in 
its  own  being,  without  its  spirit — the  new  spirit,  or  birth 
of  Christ.  But  at  length  it  came  forth  out  of  this  prison 
also,  as  a  bright  shining  star;  and  broke  through,  or 
rather  sunk  down,  or  also  mounted  up  on  high — for  all 
this  is  right  and  every  way  significant,  from  all  its  cala- 
mity, pain  and  anguish,  into  eternal  peace  and  rest. 
And  then  this  friend  had  done,  he  could  not  follow  after 
it  nor  see  it  any  more. — I  would  not  relate  these  things 
(the  rarest  that  I  ever  heard  of)  unto  every  one,  knowing 
that  many  would  be  ready  to  ridicule,  and  to  call  them 
fables,  they  having  no  knowledge  of  the  philosophy  of 
the  spiritual  eternal  nature.  But  if  we  know  what  the 
soul  with  its  cross  is,  without  the  spirit;  and  if  we  consi- 
der that  saying  of  our  Lord,  'Make  to  yourselves  friends 
of  the  mammon  of  unrighteousness,  that  when  ye  fail  they 
may  receive  you  into  everlasting  habitations,' — which  this 
friend  especially  laid  as  a  sure  foundation  of  his  doings, 
(for,  it  may  be  stated,  this  poor  soul  when  in  the  body, 
was  exceedingly  charitable  to,  and  full  of  esteem  for  this 
friend,  whose  circumstances  were  such  as  to  allow  him  to 
receive  such  tokens  of  his  affection,)  we  may  put  more  or 
less  a  favourable  construction  upon  them ;  and  this  the 
more,  because  there  is  nothing  said  nor  done,  which  were 
not  well  consistent  with  Bohme's  ground,  and  exactly 


S.  IV.  Nov.  21,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


407 


agreeing  with  his  deep  description  of  the  soul,  in  his 
Forty  Questions,  and  other  of  his  writings." 

Thus  Freher's  narrative.  The  published  Life 
of  Gicldel  was  revised  by  Kanne,  and  inserted  in 
his  work,  in  German,  entitled  "Lives  of  Awakened 
Christians  of  the  Protestant  Church,  8vo.  Bam- 
berg,  1816."  In  this  book,  which  is  more  easily 
procurable  than  the  lTheosophiaPractica '  volumes, 
the  reader,  who  desires  it,  may  see  the  version  of 
this  singular  relation,  *  as  contained  in  the  pub- ' 
lished  life.  C.  WALTON. 

*  Note. — The  above  relation,  with  respect  to  its  chief 
circumstances,  is  to  be  regarded  as  one  of  the  great  land- 
marks, whereby  to  arrive  at  the  understanding  of  the 
final  cause  of  the  creation  of  man,  and  of  this  astral,  ele- 
mentary, material  universe;  when  the  subject  of  the 
'  logical  connection '  of  all  the  revolving  cycles  of  ages  with 
their'respective  creations,  temporal  and  eternal — compos- 
ing the  grand  circle  of  creation  returned  again  into  its  first 
starting  point  in  the  centre  of  the  eternal  nature, — shall 
come  to  be  elucidated  in  N.  &  Q.,  as  referred  to  p.  374 
supra.  When  the  whole  scheme  of  the  divine  mind  by 
creation,  being  accomplished,  shall  be  seen  to  be  indeed 
worthy  of  God,  as  a  father,  and  a  being  of  mere  goodness 
and  loving-kindness,  pure  light  or  understanding,  and  all 
power.  But,  before  this  elucidation  may  be  established, 
and  apprehended  as  self-evident  truth,  some  further  pre- 
liminary considerations,  and  circumstances  of  spiritual 
science,  will  be  necessary  to  be  set  forth. — Further  parti- 
culars concerning  Gichtel,  and  his  wonderful  experience 
in  the  mysteries  of  spiritual  nature,  may  be  found  referred 
to,  in  the  recently  published  "  Theosophic  Correspondence 
(translated  from  the  French)  between  the  celebrated  Saint 
Martin  (dit  '  le  philosophe  tnconnw,')  and  Kirchberger,  a 
philosophic  and  devout  Swiss  Baron,  from  1792  to  1797, 
(Hamilton  &  Co.)  1836," — a  work  of  profound  interest  on 
theosophic,  theurgic,  and  spiritism  topics. 

gip"  If  any  spiritual  reader,  well  versed  in  German  and 
theological  composition,  might  be  willing  to  co-operate  in 
giving  to  the  English  public,  a  concise  translation  of  the 
Letters  and  Life  of  Gichtel,  and  ;of  Franz  Baader's  theo- 
sophical  Works,  recently  published  at  Leipzig,  and  others, 
referred  to  p.  373  supra,  he  would  thereby  be  doing  "a 
good  work ;"  for  which  he  would  receive  and  experience 
the  blessing  of  devout  philosophic  souls,  through  all  the 
generations  of  time !  Further  particulars  of  C.  W.,  24, 
Ludgate  Street,  London. 


MISUSE  OF  WORDS. 

There  are  hundreds  of  words  in  our  language, 
and  doubtless  in  every  language,  of  which  the 
present  meaning  is  not  in  accordance  with  their 
etymology;  and  it  has  always  seemed  to  me  a 
very  unprofitable  task  to  demonstrate  (as  some 
people  amuse  themselves  with  doing)  that  a  word 
ought  to  mean  one  thing,  when  it  is  an  indisput- 
able fact  that  it  means  another.  Still,  it  is  good 
to  keep  words  true  to  their  etymology  if  it  may 
be  done  ;  and  an  incipient  misuse  may  be  ar- 
rested by  a  timely  warning.  The  following  are  a 
few  words  and  phrases  which  may  yet  be  re- 
claimed, though  I  have  seen  them  maltreated  of 
late  by  writers  who  ought  to  know  better. 


Transpire  is  now  often  used  as  if  it  meant,  to 
occur ;  it  means,  to  become  gradually  known. 

Eliminate  is  to  cast  out,  to  reject:  it  is  often 
used  in  an  almost  contrary  sense,  as  to  select,  to 
retain. 

Taboo,  or  tapu,  as  I  believe  it  is  pronounced  in 
New  Zealand,  is  holy,  sacred ;  to  taboo,  is  to  de- 
clare a  thing  sacred,  inviolable.  Many  people 
use  this  word  for  to  forbid  as  improper. 

Premises  :  in  deeds,  after  a  house  or  other  pro- 
perty has  once  been  described  at  length ;  it  is 
afterwards  referred  to  as  "  the  premises,"  that  is, 
the  "  things  before  mentioned :"  from  this,  igno- 
rant people  have  supposed  that  "  premises  "  means 
"  a  house." 

Garble  is  not  to  mutilate,  but  to  sort,  to  arrange. 
There  was  formerly  a  city  officer  called  the  "  Gar- 
bier  of  Spices." 

Sesquipedalian  means,  literally,  a  foot- and- a- 
half  long,  and  should  only  be  used  of  things  in 
which  that  length  would  be  inordinately  great. 
I  have  seen,  in  one  of  our  most  popular  novelists, 
the  word  applied  to  a  footman ;  from  which  I 
could  not  help  suspecting  that  the  writer  sup- 
posed it  to  mean  six  feet  high. 

Aggravate  is  to  add  weight  to,  to  intensify.  After 
seeing  and  hearing  this  word  used  in  jest  for  to 
provoke,  for  many  vears,  I  have  lately  detected  it 
in  that  sense  in  serious  compositions. 

Gracious.  There  is  now  an  affected  use  of  this 
word  to  signify  graceful.  Heaven  knows  why  ! 

Demise  is  a  letting  down,  a  descent  (demissio). 
When  a  monarch  dies  there  is,  therefore,  properly 
said  to  be  "  a  demise  of  the  crown  : "  this  people 
have  supposed  to  mean  "  a  death  of  the  monarch ;" 
and  hence,  demise  is  often  used  as  if  it  were  the 
same  as  decease. 

Abscond  is  properly  to  hide  away ;  not  to  run 
away. 

Etcetera,  being  the  neuter-plural,  should  never 
be  applied  to  persons. 

Instant  means,  properly,  now  at  hand,  imminent. 
It  should  never  be  applied  to  a  past  day.  Many 
people  seem  to  think  that  "  January  instant " 
means,  "  this  current  month  of  January." 

Ultimo :  proximo  :  i.  e. :  e.  g. :  viz.  Allow  me 
to  express  my  aversion  to  these  slip-slop  forms, 
which  should  never  be  seen  in  carefully  written 
English. 

Felo  de  se  is  "  a  felon  of  himself" — the  criminal, 
not  the  crime.  It  is  incorrect  to  speak  of  com- 
mitting felo  de  se. 

"  The  facts  are  as  follow"  instead  of  as  follows, 
is  an  affectation  of  precision,  which  I  have  often 
met  with  lately,  based  on  an  entirely  mistaken 
view  of  the  grammar  of  the  sentence. 

B.K. 


408 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'<i  S.  IV.  Nov.  21,  '£ 


ANDREW  HART:  CONTRACT  FOR  INTRODUCING 
FLEMISH  ARTIZANS  INTO  EDINBURGH,  1601 
GEORGE  HERIOT. 

So  little  is  known  of  Andrew  Hart,  the  earl 
Scotch  publisher,  that  the  following  particulars 
brief  though  they  be,  may  not  be  without  thei 
value  in  the  estimation  of  those  individuals  wh< 
take  an  interest  in  the  preservation  of  such  frag 
ments  of  literary  information. 

"  24th  Oct.  1599.— Comperit  Eduard  Cathkyn,  burge 
of  Edinburgh,  and  becom  cautioun  and  souertie  for  Anon 
Hart,  liberar,  burges  of  Edinburgh,  That  in  caise  it  to 
fundin  be  the  Lordis  that  he  aucht  to  desist  and  ceise  fn. 
all  selling  and  hame  bringing  of  ye  volumes  of  ane  new 
Salmebuik  imprentit  within  ye  towne  of  Middleburght 
in  Flanderis,  ane  littill  volum  with  ye  Salmes  of  verse 
and  in  praise,  vpoun  ye  margyn  thairof,  and  fra  hyndering 
of  John  Gibsoun,  buikbinder,  burges  of  ye  said  burgh,  ir 
selling  of  ye  saidis  buikis  conforme  to  his  hienes  gift  ane 
licence  granted  to  him  thairvpoun  in  ye  inoneth  of  July 
lastley  past.  That  the  said  Eduard  Kathkyn  sail  caus 
the  said  Andro  Hert  to  do  ye  samyn,  and  that  for  obeying 
of  ye  command  of  ye  letteris  [farther  process  be]  suspen- 
dit  quhile  ye  twentie-four  day  of  November." 

What  was  the  result  of  the  lawsuit  between  the 
"  liberar "  and  the  bookbinder  has  not  been  as- 
certained ;  but  Andro  was,  during  his  life  time, 
a  very  successful  publisher ;  although  at  the  present 
date  the  bibliomaniac  who  can  lay  hands  on  any 
of  his  rare  tomes  may  be  considered  very  fortu- 
nate. His  heirs,  after  his  demise,  continued  the 
business. 

His  autograph  is  exceedingly  rare.  It  occurs 
as  a  witness  to  a  contract  between  the  Commis- 
sioners of  the  Koyal  Burghs  and  Nicholas  Wande- 
brok  and  Philip  Wermont  —  Flemings  by  birth, 
but  who  were  then  resident  in  Norwich — dated 
July  10,  and  October  10, 1601.  The  object  of  this 
remarkable  document  was  to  introduce  the  manu- 
facture of  "  fyne  broad  clothe,"  "  serges,"  and  the 
like,  into  Edinburgh,  and  the  Flemings  were 
taken  bound  to  instruct  all  the  "maister  wey- 
wars  "  and  such  other  persons  as  the  magistrates 
should  think  eligible,  in  their  craft.  Amongst 
the  signatures  of  the  contracting  parties  is  that  of 
George  Heriot,  "  Commissioner  for  Edinburgh." 

The  original  deed  is  in  the  possession  of  the 
writer,  who  picked  it  up  with  other  papers  of  less 
interest  in  a  snuff-shop.  It  is  somewhat  long  and 
very  minute  in  defining  the  obligations  imposed 
upon  the  foreign  artizans,  who  appear  to  have  been 
carrying  on  their  trade  at  Norwich.  J.  M. 


THE  OLD  LADY,  HER  UMBRELLA,  AND  THE 
ELECTRIC  TELEGRAPH. 

In  an  article  entitled  "  The  Electric  Wire,"  to 
be  found  in  Chambers' s  Journal,  for  Saturday, 
October  17,  1863,  the  following  passage  occurs : — 

"  We  most  of  us  remember  the  storv  of  the  old  lady  who 
was  travelling  in  the  days  when  telegraphs  were  not  so 


generally  understood  as  they  are  at  the  present  time. 
On  arriving  at  her  journey's  end,  she  could  not  find  her 
umbrella,  and  imagined  that  she  had  left  it  at  home. 
Some  one  suggested  telegraphing  for  it,  so  she  proceeded 
to  the  office  for  that  purpose.  In  the  meanwhile,  how- 
ever, an  astute  porter  had  discovered  her  umbrella  in  the 
carriage  she  had  just  left;  and  being  humorously  in- 
clined, he  hung  it  on  the  telegraph  wire,  and  subse- 
quently induced  the  old  lady  to  look  if  her  umbrella  had 
arrived  by  the  tvire — a  mode  of  transit  she  implicitly  be- 
lieved in.  She,  of  course,  expressed  her  delight  in  getting 
her  umbrella  so  quickly;  but  she  expressed  no  surprise. 
She  thought,  probably,  that  telegraphs  were  very  con- 
venient; and  straightway  dismissed  the  subject  from  her 
mind,  without  for  a  moment  considering  the  possibility  of 
the  event,  or  the  means  by  which  it  was  accomplished." 

I  was  an  eye-witness  of  the  transaction  upon 
which,  I  think,  the  foregoing  anecdote  was  founded. 
In  1853,  I  was  travelling  in  North  Wales,  in  com- 
pany with  a  friend,  who  is  since  dead.  After 
sojourning  for  a  couple  of  days  at  that  most  com- 
fortable of  hotels,  the  "  George,"  at  Bangor  Ferry, 
on  the  afternoon  of  Saturday,  June  11,  1853, 
my  friend  and  myself  arrived  at  the  Bangor  Sta- 
tion, for  the  purpose  of  proceeding  on  to  Holy- 
head  by  the  express  train.  On  entering  the 
station  we  noticed  that  a  train,  the  engine  of 
which  had  its  steam  up,  was  shunted  on  to  a 
siding.  I  asked  one  of  the  porters  what  the  train 
was  waiting  for  ?  He  told  me  that  it  was  a  slow 
passenger  train ;  and  was  shunted  to  allow  the 
express,  and  the  mail  train,  which  was  due  a  few 
minutes  later,  to  pass  it.  After  taking  our  tickets, 
the  express  train  not  being  quite  due,  my  friend 
and  I  sauntered  into  the  telegraph  office;  and 
while  we  were  listening  to  the  click  click  of  the 
needles,  a  porter  came  in  and  said  :  "  A  passenger 

in  the  shunted  train  has  left  his  umbrella  at 

Station  (naming  a  station  some  distance  up  the 
line)  ;  telegraph  to  the  clerk  to  send  it  on  by  the 
mail  train."  This  was  instantly  done ;  and  in  a 
few  minutes,  the  express  train  rushed  shrieking 
into  the  Bangor  Station,  and,  to  use  the  language 
of  good  old  Bunyan,  "  we  went  on  our  way,  and 
saw  them  no  more."  We  reached  Holyhead  in 
due  time ;  and  while  we  were  looking  after  our 
uggage  and  (that  being  gathered  together  and 
conveyed  to  the  mail  packet,  which  was  to  carry 
us  across  to  Ireland,)  about  us,  the  mail  train 
swept  into  Holyhead  Station  :  and  the  guard,  get- 
ing  out,  handed  an  umbrella  to  one  of  the  por- 
ters, and  said :  "  This  belongs  to  a  passenger  by 
.he  next  train,  and  was  left  behind  by  him  at 

Station,  and  telegraphed  for."    "  Very  well," 

replied  the  porter,  quietly  hanging  the  umbrella 
n  the  telegraph  wire.  Amused  at  this  action, 
my  friend  and  I  waited  to  see  the  denouement. 
n  a  short  time  the  slow  train  arrived ;  and  a 
lustling  middle-aged  man  got  out,  and  said  to  the 
>orter  :  "  Has  my  umbrella  come  ?"  "Yes,  Sir," 
eplied  the  railway  official,  "it  has  just  arrived  by 
elegrapb," — pointing  to  the  umbrella  pendent  from 


**  S.  IV.  Nov.  21,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


409 


the  wire.  The  owner  of  the  parapluie  looked  first 
at  it,  then  at  the  porter ;  and  reaching  down  his 
property,  to  assure  himself  that  it  really  was  his, 
smote  his  thigh  with  his  hand  ;  and  exclaiming — 
"  Well,  I'm  blessed  if  that  'ere  telegraph  don't 
beat  every  think!" — walked  thoughtfully  away: 
fully  impressed  with  the  belief  that  his  umbrella 
had  come  along  the  wire,  as  a  boy  sends  a  mes- 
senger to  a  paper  kite.  JOHN  PAVIN  PHILLIPS. 
Haverfordwest. 


Minav  $attg. 

CURIOUS  CIRCUMSTANCE. — The  following  curi- 
ous paragraph  I  found  lately  in  the  English 
Churchman  newspaper  of  Jan.  24,  1856.  I  think 
it  is  worth  a  place  in  is  N.  &  Q."  :  — 

"  Six  brothers,  four  of  whom  are  clergymen,  met  to- 
gether to  celebrate  the  birth-day  of  the  eldest,  who  la 
Rector  of  the  parish  [Harlaston,  near  Tarn  worth].  The 
day  being  Sunday,  they  all  assisted  in  the  performance 
of  divine  service  in  the  morning.  The  Rector,  the  Rev. 
R.  R.  Bloxam,  read  the  Prayers  and  Litany ;  the  Rev. 
Andrew  Bloxam,  Incumbent  of  Twycross,  preached ;  the 
Rev.  John  Bloxam,  D.D.,  Fellow  of  Magdalen  College, 
Oxford,  read  the  Communion  Service;  the  Rev.  Thomas 
Bloxam,  of  Rugby,  read  the  Epistle;  and  the  two  lay- 
men, Mr.  Matthew  Holbeck  Bloxam,  of  Rugby,  author 
of  Gothic  Architecture,  and  Mr.  Henry  Bloxam,  of  Shrews- 
bury, read  the  Lessons  for  the  day." 

A  parallel  case  to  this  could  scarcely,  I  think, 
be  found.  GEORGE  F.  CHAMBERS. 

Kensington. 

INEDITED  CULLOBEN  DISPATCH.  — 

"  Newcastle,  April  29th,  1746. 

"  Letters  in  Town  say  that  on  Saturday  last  the  Tran- 
sports sail'd  from  Leith  to  Inverness,  and  that  the  report 
that  the  Hessians  being  to  imbark  soon  at  Leith  seems 
false. 

"  Yesterday  an  express  went  through  this  Town  for 
the  Government,  wh  says  the  Rebels  are  Totally  dis- 
pers'd :  the  Pretender's  son  has  only  fled  wth  two  attend- 
ants, and  the  Rebellion  is  quite  given  over.  The  Rebel 
chiefs  and  officers  have  given  their  last  orders  to  their 
men  to  shift  for  themselves.  The  number  of  the  dead 
bodies,  found  in  the  field  of  battle,  are  1760. 

"  The  number  of  the  Rebels  kill'd  is  4,000  in  the  field 
of  battle  and  in  the  Pursuit." 

"  Mr.  Hobson,  —  The  above  is  an  exact  Copy  of  this 
morning's  Express,  from  your  humble  Serv', 

"  Jos.  STOKES. 

"  Macclesfield,  3  May,  1746." 

Appended  is  a  plan  of  the  battle,  differing  but 
very  immaterially  from  that  published  by  Volun- 
teer Hay.  JOHN  SLEIGH. 

Thornbridge,  Bakewell. 

THE  REV.  JOHN  JOHNSON,  M.A.,  AND  THE  REV. 
JOHN  JOHNSON,  LL.D.  —  These  clergymen,  who 
curiously  enough  died  in  the  same  month,  are 
confounded  by  Watt. 

John  Johnson,  born  in  St.  Giles's,  Middlesex, 
Sept.  26,  1759,  was  of  Oriel  College,  Oxford; 


B.A.  Dec.  8,  1779;  M.A.  May  30,  1782.  In 
Oct.  1784,  he  became  Rector  of  Great  Parndon, 
Essex;  and  on  Nov.  26,  1790,  Vicar  of  North 
Minims,  Hertfordshire.  He  died  Sept.  11,  1833  ; 
and  was  author  of  A  Fast  Sermon,  4to,  1794; 
A  Sermon  for  the  Fast,  Feb.  25,  1795,  to  which  is 
annexed  an  Address  to  the  Dissenters,  4to;  and 
Trifles  in  Verse,  8vo,  1796.  To  him  also  is  at- 
tributed :  — 

"  Observations  on  the  Military  Establishment  and 
Discipline  of  His  Majesty  the  King  of  Prussia ;  with  an 
Account  of  the  Private  Life  of  that  celebrated  Monarch ; 
and  occasional  Anecdotes  of  the  principal  Persons  of  his 
Court,  interspersed  with  Descriptions  of  Berlin,  Potsdam, 
Sans  Souci,  Charlottenbourg,  &c.  Translated  from  the 
French.  London.  8vo.  1780." 

John  Johnson,  of  Caius  College,  Cambridge, 
LL.B.  1794,  LL.D.  1803,  became  Rector  of  Yax- 
ham,  with  Welborne,  Norfolk,  January  1,  1800. 
He  died  Sept.  29,  1833  ;  and  is  well  known  as  the 
relative  and  biographer  of  Cowper,  and  the  editor 
of  his  translation  of  Homer,  Posthumous  Poems, 
and  Private  Correspondence. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

CHEAP  PUBLICATIONS  IN  THE  16TH  CEHTURY. — 
The  name  of  Cardinal  Ximenes  is  always  (and 
will  ever  be)  associated  with  the  publication  of 
his  famous  Polyglott.  But  it  is  not  perhaps  ge- 
nerally known,  that  he  was  also  the  originator  of 
a  popular  library,  adapted  to  the  middle  and 
lower  classes.  The  books  were  printed  partly  in 
Latin  and  partly  in  Spanish,  and  were  published 
at  the  same  time  that  the  printing  of  the  Polyglott 
was  going  on.  The  object  of  the  cardinal  in 
publishing  these  works,  which  were  wholly  of  a 
spiritual  character,  was  that  thereby  all  immoral 
writings  might  be  banished  from  the  domestic 
circle,  and  piety  and  devotion  be  increased. 

The  following  are  the  words  of  his  latest  biogra- 
pher, the  Rev.  Doctor  Hefele,  Professor  of  Theo- 
logy in  the  University  of  Tubingen  :  — 

"Sowie  mehrere  kleine  Schriften,  welche  der  Erzbis- 
chof  mehr  zur  Bildung  des  Volkes,  als  fur  den  Gebrauch 
der  Gelehrten,  theils  in  lateinischer  Sprache,  theils  in  die 
castilische  Ubersetat  liesz.  Es  waren  diesz — Die  Briefe  der 
heiligen  Catharina  von  Siena;  die  Schriften  der  heiligen 
Angela  von  Foligno,  und  der  gottseligen  Aebtissin  Mech- 
thilde ;  die  Stufenleiter  der  christlichen  Vollkommenheit 
von  St.  Joannes  CKmacus ;  die  Lebens-regeln  des  heiligen 
Vincentius  Ferrer  und  der  heiligen  Clara ;  die  Betraeh- 
tungen  iiber  das  Leben  Christi  von  dem  Karthauser  Lan- 
dulph,  und  eine  Biographic  des  beriihmten  Erzbischofs 
Thomas  Beket  von  Canterbury.  Die  Absicht  des  Ximenes 
dabei  war,  schlechte  Schriften  aus  den  Familien  zu  ver- 
drangen  und  durch  diese  auf  seine  Kosten  besorgten  und 
gedruckten  Biicher,  in  weiten  Kreisen  Frommigkeit  und 
Gesittung  zu  pflanzen  und  zu  vermehren,  wesshalb  er 
zahllose  Exemplare  verschenkte,"  &c.  —  Der  Cardinal 
Ximenes,  von  Carl  Joseph  Hefele,  xiii.  Haupt.  S.  148. 
Tubingen,  1851. 

This  account  of  the  works  published  by  the 
great  cardinal  is  taken  almost  word  for  word  from 


410 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  IV.  Nov.  21,  '63. 


the  invaluable  life  of  Xiraenes  by  Gomez,  published 
at  Complutum  (now  Alcala  de  Henares)  in  1569. 
It  is  entitled  De  Rebus  Gestis  a  Francisco  Ximenio, 
Cisnerio,  Archiepisco  Toletano,  libri  octo,  Sfc. 

J.  D ALTON. 

The  GEORGE  AND  BLUE  BOAR.  —  A  brief  part- 
ing record  of  a  landmark  of  Old  London  in  The 
Athenaeum  of  Oct.  17,  deserves,  I  think,  a  place  in 
"N.  &  Q.:"  — 

"  A  relic  of  Old  London  is  now  fast  disappearing — the 
Blue  Boar  Inn — or  the  George  and  Blue  Boar,  as  it  came 
to  be  called  later,  in  Holborn.  For  more  than  two  hun- 
dred years  this  was  one  of  the  famous  coaching  houses, 
whence  stages  went  to,  and  where  they  arrived  from,  the 
North  and  Midland  counties.  It  is  more  famous  still  as 
being  the  scene  —  if  Lord  Orrery's  chaplain,  Morrice,  may 
be  credited  —  where  Cromwell  and  Ireton,  disguised 
as  troopers,  cut  from  the  saddle-flap  of  a  messenger 
a  letter  which  they  knew  to  be  there,  from  Charles  I.  to 
Henrietta  Maria.  They  had  previous!}-  intercepted  a 
letter  from  the  Queen  to  her  husband,  in  which  she  re- 
proached him  for  entering  into  a  compact  of  recon- 
ciliation with  Cromwell  and  his  party.  This  letter  was 
sent  on,  and  now  they  intercepted  the  reply,  in  which 
Charles  spoke  of  them  as  rogues  whom  he  would,  by-and- 
by,  hang  instead  of  reward.  According  to  Morrice,  this 
sealed  the  king's  fate.*  Such  is  the  legend  connected  with 
the  .Blue  Boar,  Holborn,  which  is  described,  in  Queen 
Anne's  reign,  as  '  situate  opposite  Southampton  Square.'  " 

R.  K. 


Qttttfat. 

AUCTIONS  IN  CUMBERLAND. — On  attending  in 
the  summer  a  large  sale  of  furniture,  &c.  in  the 
parish  of  Millom,  Cumberland  —  an  event  of  so 
rare  occurrence  in  that  primitive  neighbourhood 
that  it  attracted  a  large  concourse — I  was  amused 
at  hearing  many  of  the  bidders  exclaim  "  Penny," 
"  Penny,"  which  the  auctioneer,  according  to  the 
amount  of  the  last  bid,  interpreted  "  A  penny," 
"  Twopence,"  "  Sixpence,"  "  A  shilling,"  "  Haif- 
a-crown," "  A  crown,"  &c.  Does  this  queer 
mode  of  bidding  exist  in  any  other  part  of  Eng- 
land ?  SENESCENS. 

BARRETT  AND  HARRIS  FAMILY. —  1.  In  the  Army 
List  of  Roundheads  and  Cavaliers,  in  the  9th  In- 
fantry Regiment  of  his  Majesty  Charles  I.,  men- 
tion is  made  of  Captaine  Barret :  any  information 
concerning  him  will  oblige. 

2.  In  the  Roll  of  Battle  Abbey  the  name  Bar- 
rett also  occurs :  any  information  concerning  the 
coat  of  armour  will  greatly  oblige. 

3.  In  the  Navy  List  of  his  Majesty's  ships,  &c. 
in  Army  List  of  Roundheads  and  Cavaliers,  com- 
manding the  merchant  ship  "  Paragon,"  is  named 
Captaine  Leonard  Harris :  any  information  con- 
cerning him  will  greatly  oblige  SIGISMOND. 


[*  For  some  notices  of  this  veritable  historical  hoax  of 
"  the  saddle  letter,"  see  D'Israeli's  Commentaries  on  the  Life 
and  Reign  of  Charles  the  First,  v.  323.  Vide  also  the 
Gentleman's  Magazine,  xxii.  204. — ED.] 


CHOAK-JADE  AT  NEWMARKET. — The  following 
passage  occurs  in  the  Gent.  Mag.  1755,  p.  153,  in 
allusion  to  the  death  of  a  then  distinguished  race- 
horse :  — 

"Italian  greyhounds,  Dutch  lap-dogs,  monkeys,  and 
maccaws,  have  been  honoured  with  monuments  and  epi- 
taphs ;  but  a  race-horse  as  much  surpasses  these  insigni- 
ficant animals,  as  White-nose  was  superior  to  a  pack- 
horse.  And  I  cannot  but  think,  that  an  obelisk  (with  a 
proper  inscription  drawn  up  by  Mess.  Heber  and  Pond) 
should  be  erected  near  the  Devil's  Ditch,  or  Choak-Jade, 
on  New  Market  Heath,  in  honour  of  his  memory." 

I  am  anxious  to  identify  the  place  called  Choak- 
Jade.  Can  any  of  your  readers  tell  me  where  it 
is,  and  whether  it  took  its  unpleasant  name  from 
having  near  to  it  a  pond  devoted  to  the  use  of  the 
ducking-stool  ?  A  LORD  OP  A  MANOR. 

CHARLES  II. — Who  was  the  author  of — 

"  Eikon  Basilike  Deutera :  a  Portraicture  of  His  Sacred 
Majesty  Charles  II.  With  his  Reasons  for  turning  Roman 
Catholic.  Published  by  King  James.  Found  in  the 
Strong  Box.  Printed  in  1694." 

There  is  a  copy  of  this  work  in  the  Melbourne 
Public  Library.  D.  BLAIR. 

Melbourne. 

ELEANOR  COBHAM  (2nd  S.  xi.  170,  218.)  — Can 
any  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  say  whether 
Eleanor  Cobham,  before  she  became  wife  of  Hum- 

Ehrey  Duke  of  Gloucester,  was  the  mother  of 
is  natural  daughter  Antigona,  wife  of  Henry 
Grey,  Earl  of  Tankerville  and  Lord  Powys  ? 
Antigona  is  said  in  Daniel  and  Trussell's  History, 
to  have  been  Eleanor's  daughter,  but  no  where 
else  do  I  find  it  so  stated.  The  probability  would 
seem  she  was  her  daughter,  and  married  to  Henry 
Grey  (who  was  ward  of  Duke  Humphrey's 
brother,  John  Duke  of  Bedford,  Acts  of  Privy 
Council,  iii.  177),  when  both  were  of  very  early 
age.  E.  K.  J. 

DR.  CROLY.  —  The  late  Dr.  Croly  was  an  ex- 
tensive contributor  to  Slackwood  in  its  palmy 
days.  Was  he  the  author  of  a  remarkable  series 
of  papers  entitled  "The  World  We  Live  in"  in 
the  Magazine  from  1836  to  1840  ?  D.  BLAIR. 

Melbourne. 

DIGHTON  THE  CARICATURIST. — In  a  note  (p.  2) 
to  Slack  Gowns  and  Red  Coats,  or  Oxford  in 
1834,  the  author  tells  us  that  — 

"  Dighton,  the  celebrated  Caricaturist,  was  invited  by 
an  Oxford  dignitary  to  meet  several  of  the  characters  of 
the  University  at  his  house,  that  he  might  avail  himself 
of  the  opportunity  to  sketch  them.  The  first  production 
of  his  portfolio  was  no  other  than  the  figure  of  the  in- 
sidious host  himself." 

Who  was  this  insidious  dignitary?  D.  C. 

DUTCH  DELF. — I  have  lately  met  with  a  bowl 
of  this  ware,  a  foot  in  diameter,  which  possesses 
some  antiquarian  interest  from  bearing  on  its 
outer  face,  amid  a  garnish  of  quaint  flowers  and 


S.  IV.  Nov.  21,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


411 


foliage,    an    inscription    commemorative  of   the 
Treaty  of  Ryswick  in  these  words  :  — 

"  Anno  1697,  Den  20  September,  is  de  vreede  geslooten 
met  Hollant,  Spanjen,  Engelant,  en  Vrancrijk." 

Is  anything  known  of  the  manufacture  of  such 
ware  as  a  record  of  this  famous  peace  ?  Is  it 
possible  to  ascertain  the  name  of  the  factory  in 
which  it  was  made  ?  JOHN  A.  C.  VINCENT. 

MRS.  FITZHERBERT,  ETC. — Had  his  late  Ma- 
jesty George  IV.,  when  Prince  Regent  or  Prince 
of  Wales,  any  children  by  Mrs.  Fitzberbert? 
Had  he  any  illegitimate  offspring  in  Richmond  by 
a  Jewess  towards  the  end  of  the  eighteenth  cen- 
tury, or  in  any  other  part  of  Surrey  or  Kent  ? 
A  SUBSCRIBER  AND  CONSTANT  READER  ABROAD. 

GANYMEDE.  —  In  a  MS.  of  my  possession  dated 
1675,  describing  the  Castle  of  Chambord,  in  Tou- 
raine,  in  an  apartment  of  which  is  an  oval  picture 
of  Ganymede  soaring  in  the  air  on  an  eagle,  the 
writer  appends  the  poetical  moral  of  the  story. 

I  have  some  idea  the  quaint  verses  I  quote  are 
from  George  Wither's  Works,  but  perhaps  some 
correspondent  of  yours  can  inform  me  if  I  am 
correct :  — 
"  When  Gannymede  himself  was  purifying, 

Great  Jupiter  his  naked  beauty  spying, 

Sent  forth  his  Eagle  from  Mow  to  take  him, 

A  Blest  inhabitant  in  heaven  to  make  him. 

And  there,  as  Poets  feign,  he  does  still 

To  Jove  and  other  Godheads  nectar  fill. 

Though  this  be  but  a  fable  of  their  feigning, 

The  Morale  is  a  real  truth  pertaining 

To  every  one  which  husbands  a  desire 

Above  the  starry  circles  to  aspire.  — 

By  Gannymede  the  soul  is  understood, 

That,  washed  in  the  puryfying  blood 

Of  Sacred  Baptisme,  which  doth  make  seeme 

Both  pure  and  beautiful  in  God's  esteem. 

The  Eagle  means  that  heavenly  Contemplation 

Which,  after  washings  of  regeneration, 

Lifts  up  the  mind  from  things  which  earthly  bee, 

To  view  those  objects  which  faith's  eyes  do  see. 

The  nectar,  which  is  filled  out  and  given 

To  all  the  blest  inhabitants  of  heaven, 

Are  those  delights  which  Christ  has  sayd  they  have 

When  some  repentant  soul  begins  to  leave 

Her  foulness  by  renewing  of  her  birth, 

And  slighting  all  the  pleasures  of  the  earth." 

THOS.  E.  WINNINGTON. 

Stanford  Conrt,  Worcester. 

THE  HEART  OF  ST.  GEORGE. — Is  it  known  how 
at  the  Reformation  the  heart  of  St.  George,  and 
the  other  relics  which  had  been  deposited  in  St. 
George's  Chapel  at  Windsor,  were  disposed  of? 
The  heart  of  St.  George  had  been  brought  into 
England  by  the  Emperor  Sigismund,  when  he 
came  to  visit  Henry  V.  in  1416,  and  was  preserved 
at  Windsor  with  great  veneration  in  the  reign  of 
Henry  VIII.  It  was  presented  to  the  sovereign 
and  the  knights  to  be  kissed  by  them  after  the 
censing  of  the  reader  of  the  epistle  ;  and  in  pro- 
cessions was  carried  by  the  Prelate  of  the  Order, 


under  a  canopy,  immediately  before  the  sovereign 
(Beltz,  Memorials  of  the  Order  of  the  Garter, 
pp.  Ivii.  and  Ixxxiv.)  J.  WOODWARD. 

"  JOSEPHINE'S  ADDRESS  TO  NAPOLEON." — Who 
published  some  years  ago  a  song  called  (I  think) 
"  Josephine's  Address  to  Napoleon  "  in  which  the 
lines  occur?  — 

"  See  all  the  pomp  of  the  world  pass  by, 
And  think  only  of  thee, 

Beloved  one ! " 

M.  B. 

"KING'S  COLLEGE  MAGAZINE,"  1842. — Can  any 
one  inform  me  as  to  the  authorship  of  the  follow- 
ing dramatic  contributions,  original  and  translated  ? 
Vol.  i.  "  The  Robbers  of  Schiller,"  by  Seleniakos, 
pp.  41,  90,  &c.  Ditto  "  Saluquia,  the  Moor's 
Bride;  a  Dramatic  Sketch,"  by  Puck,  pp.  240-3. 
Vol.  ii.  "  Emilia  Galotti,  from  Lessing,"  p.  265, 
&c.,  by  Hal.  Ditto,  "Prometheus  Bound  from 
Eschylus,"  no  signature.  Who  was  editor  of  this 
magazine  ?  R.  INGLIS. 

KNOCK-OUT.  —  Whence  is  the  term  derived  ? 
Perhaps  from  a  knock  given  as  a  sign  to  warn  the 
initiated  to  cease  from  bidding.  Workmen  speak 
of  "  knocking  off  work,"  which  may  be  of  similar 
origin.  "Good  Sir  Robert"  was  entreated  to 
"  knock,"  in  order  to  terminate  the  Bridewell 
flagellations.  "  Knock-under"  is  explained  in 
1st  S.  iv.  234,  by  a  reference  to  Johnson,  which 
does  not  throw  much  light  on  its  origin. 

VEBNA. 

MAKING  CLARET.  —  In  Blount's  Fragmenta 
Antiquitatis,  under  the  section  of  "  Grand  Ser- 
jeantry,  No.  IV.,"  is  the  following  curious  tenure  : 

"  John  de  Roches  holds  the  Manor  of  Winterslew,  in 
the  county  of  Wilts,  by  the  Service,  that  when  our  Lord 
the  King  should  abide  at  Clarendon,  he  should  come  to 
the  Palace  of  the  King  there,  and  go  into  the  Butlery, 
and  draw  out  of  any  vessel  he  should  find  in  the  said 
Butlery  at  his  choice  as  much  Wine  as  should  be  needful 
for  making  (pro  factura)  a  Pitcher  of  Claret  (unius  Picheri 
Claretti),  which  he  should  make  at  the  King's  charge, 
and  that  he  should  serve  the  King  with  a  Cup,  and  should 
have  the  "Vessel  from  whence  he  took  the  Wine,  with  all 
the  Remainder  of  the  Wine  left  in  the  Vessel,  together 
with  the  Cup  from  whence  the  King  should  drink  that 
Claret." 

The  reference  is  given  to  a  Roll  50  Edw.  III. 
It  seems  at  this  time  Claret  was  not  the  name  of 
a  pure  wine,  but  of  some  mixture,  or  factitious 
wine.  What  is  the  earliest  mention  of  Claret,  and 
why  should  the  word,  evidently  the  French  Clairet, 
or  clear  wine,  be  applied  only  to  that  produced  in 
the  Bordeaux  districts  ?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

"  MEMOIRS  OF  NINE  LIVING  CHARACTERS."  — 
Who  was  the  author  of  this  small  volume  (Dublin, 
1799)  ?  The  following  are  the  characters  de- 
scribed :  — 


412 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


O"  S.  IV.  Nov.  21,  '63. 


"Mr.  Foster,  Mr.  Curran,  Mr.  Grattan,  Lord  Nelson, 
Lord  Rokeby,  Lord  Cornwallis,  Mr.  Fox,  Mr,  Pitt,  and 
Lord  Charlemont ; " 

and  to  the  sketch  of  Lord  Nelson  the  signature 
"  A.  N.  S."  is  appended,  ABHBA. 

MOOBGATE     AND     FlNSBUBY   CoUBT    HOUSE. — 

Where  shall  I  find  any  account  of  the  taking 
down  of  Moorgate  ? 

When  was  Finsbury  Court  House  removed  ?  I 
find  by  letters  of  Recorder  Fleetwood  that  the 
Recorder  of  London  sat  for  the  trial  of  criminals 
at  Newgate,  Guildhall,  and  Finsbury  Court  House. 
When  did  this  cease,  and  under  what  act  of  par- 
liament ?  *  W.  Df. 

"  PABV.ZE  ACCESSIONES." — The  Roman  proprie- 
tors were  paid  for  their  land  partly  in  money,  and 
partly  in  kind.  Thus,  Columella  (i.  7.)  says :  — 

"  Sed  nee  dominus  in  unaquaque  re,  cui  colonum  obli- 
gaverit,  tenax  esse  juris  esse  debet,  sicut  in  diebus  pecu- 
niarum,  ut  lignis  et  caeteris  parvis  accessionibus  exigendis, 
quarurn  cura  majorem  moles tiam  quam  impensam  rusticis 
afiert." 

What  were  these  "parvte  accessiones  ?"  This 
was  the  system  pursued  in  Scotland  down  to  the 
beginning  of  this  century,  where  the  tenant  was 
obliged  to  furnish  a  certain  quantity  of  eggs, 
cheese,  and  fowls,  which  were  known  as  "  cane 
fowls,"  in  addition  to  money  rent.  Can  any  of 
your  readers  add  any  other  articles  to  the  word 
mentioned  by  Columella  ?  C.  T.  RAMAGE. 

THE  REV.  JOHN  PLATTS  was  author  of  A  New 
Universal  Biography ;  The  Self -Interpreting  Tes- 
tament; Dictionary  of  English  Synonymes,  and 
other  works  published  in  and  before  1845,  al- 
though some  of  them  are  without  date.  I  am  in- 
formed that  he  was  a  Unitarian  minister  atllkeston, 
Derbyshire.  The  date  of  his  death  is  requested. 

One  of  the  same  name,  also  a  Unitarian  minister 
at  Ilkeston  and  an  author,  died  1735.  S.  Y.  R. 

CHABLES  PBICE,  alias  PATCH,  that  arch  im- 
postor, who  hanged  himself  in  Tothillfields  Bride- 
well (Town  and  Country  Mag.,  1786,  p.  710).  A 
small  pamphlet  says  his  father  went  to  London  in 
1702,  from  South  Wales,  and  disinherited  his  two 
sons,  Thomas  and  Charles,  giving  his  property  to 
a  daughter.  Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  give  the 
Christian  name  of  the  father,  and  the  names  of  the 
sons  of  such  Thomas  and  Charles  ?  GLWYSTG. 

PBINCE  or  WALES' s  FEATHEBS. — On  the  mould- 
ing of  the  rood  loft  doer  at  Croft,  and  of  the  porch 
at  Winthorpe,  co.  Lincoln,  occur  two  feathers, 
carved  in  the  stone :  those  at  Croft  issue  out  of 
coronets,  and  those  at  Winthorpe  out  of  helmets 
(I  believe — they  are,  however,  much  worn).  1 
should  be  glad  to  learn  for  what  reason  they  were 
placed  there?  I  ought  to  mention  that  Lord 
Monson  has  property  in  both  parishes.  A.  S. 

[*  Where  also  was  the  locality  of  Finsbury  Jail?  See 
"  N.  &  Q."  2°d  S.  viii.  268.— ED.] 


TEBESA.  —  I  should  feel  particularly  obliged  to 
your  correspondent,  R.  S.  CHABNOCK,  for  any  in- 
formation respecting  the  origin  of  the  surname 
Teresa.  Does  it  come  from  the  Latin,  or  is  it  of 
Greek  origin?  Ribera,  in  his  Vita  Sanctce  Tere- 
si(B  Virginia  (cap.  iii.),  considers  it  to  be  a  pure 
Spanish  word,  as  ancient  in  Spanish  history  as  the 
names  of  Elvira,  Sanchia,  and  Urraca.  He  also 
mentions  that  the  old  form  of  the  word  in  Latin 
was  Tarasia ;  afterwards  it  became  Teresia,  and 
hence  Teresa.  From  this  statement  one  would 
suppose  that  the  name  must  have  had  a  Latin 
origin. 

Again  :  how  came  the  letter  h  to  be  inserted  — 
thus  Theresa  ?  The  great  Spanish  saint  of  this 
name  always  spells  her  name  in  her  letters  with- 
out the  h — Teresa  de  Jesus.  I  possess  her  auto- 
graph, which  proves  the  fact.  J.  DALTON. 

Norwich. 

P.S.  After  I  had  written  the  above  I  acciden- 
tally met  with  a  copy  of  the  History  of  Christian 
Surnames^  just  published  by  Messrs.  Parker  &  Son 
(2  vols.)  At  p.  272,  vol.  i.  the  author  attempts 
to  derive  the  name  Teresa  from  the  Greek  word 
0epifo>,  to  reap  or  gather  in  the  crop.  "Hence 
comes  the  pretty  feminine — Theresa,  the  reaper," 
&c.  I  do  not  agree  with  the  writer.  Bopp  or 
Max  Miiller  would  not  adopt,  I  think,  this  mode 
or  method  of  derivation  as  being  necessarily  cor- 
rect. 

FAMILY  or  THOBNTON.  —  My  correspondent  at 
Boston  (U.  S.)  writes  as  follows  :  — 

"  The  Rev.  Thomas  Thornton,  ejected  under  the  Act  of 
Uniformity,  1662  (I  think  he  did  not  wait  for  legal  pro- 
cess), came  to  New  England,  and,  after  a  long  and  useful 
ministry,  died  in  this  city  in  1700,  in  his  93rd  year.  He 
had  children :  Timothy  (born  about  1647-50),  Theophilus, 
Thomas.  Ann,  Mary,  'Elizabeth,  Priscilla.  I  should  be 
delighted  to  identify  this  family  of  Thornton  in  England. 
Should  these  names  on  the  parish  register  casually  fall 
under  the  eye  of  the  reader,  a  copy  of  the  entries,  with  the 
name  of  the  parish,  would  very  much  oblige." 

CHARLES  BEKE. 

WELLINGTON  A  CANNIBAL.  —  Among  some  old 
music  I  find  the  following  song,  which  seems  (if  it 
be  genuine)  to  have  been  translated  from  the 
French.  We  are  all  aware  that  Richard  I.  was 
thought  a  cannibal  by  the  Saracens,  and  their 
women  for  centuries  silenced  crying  children  with 
his  name ;  but  it  is  quite  new  to  find  Wellington 
ranked  in  the  same  category.  The  allusion  to 
Rouen  steeple  seems  to  show  it  to  be  from  Nor- 
mandy. The  air  is  very  simple  and  pretty ;  the 
words  run  thus  :  — 

"  Baby !  baby !  naughty  baby ! 

Hush !  you  squalling  thing,  I  say. 
Peace,  this  moment !  or  it  may  be 

Wellington  will  pass  this  way. 
Baby !  baby !  he's  a  giant, 

Tall  and  black  as  Rouen  steeple ; 
Breakfasts,  dines,  and  sups,  rely  on't, 
Every  day  on  naughty  people. 


S.  IV.  Nov.  21,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


"  Baby !  baby !  if  he  hears  you 
'  As  he  gallops  past  the  house, 
Limb  from  limb  at  once  he'll  tear  you, 

Just  as  pussy  tears  a  mouse ; 
And  he'll  beat  you,  beat  you,  beat  you, 

And  he'll  beat  you  all  to  pap ; 
And  he'll  eat  you,  eat  you,  eatjyou, 

Gobble  you,  gobble  you,  snap !  snap !  snap !  " 

There  is  no  trace  as  to  where  these  lines  came 
from ;  but  if  they  ever  formed  a  popular  song  in 
France  it  is  very  likely  the  original  words  may  be 
found.  Can  any  of  your  readers  give  further  in- 
formation on  the  point?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 


but!) 

DR.  LAMBE  :  MADAME  DAVERS.  —  Who  were 
these?  Randolph  (ed.  1638,  p.  53)  classes  them 
with  prophets,  soothsayers,  gipsies,  and  the  an- 
cient augurs  and  oracles,  &c. :  — 

"  Or  is  all  witchcraft  brained  with  Dr.  Lambe  ? 
Does  none  the  learned  Bungie's  soule  inherit  ? 
Has  Madame  Davers  dispossest  her  spirit  ?  " 

The  last,  it  will  be  observed,  is  spoken  of  as 
living  at  the  time  of  writing. 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

[Dr.  John  Lambe,  of  Tardebigger  in  Worcester,  was  a 
vile  impostor  who  practised  juggling,  fortune-telling,  re- 
covering lost  goods,  and  likewise  picked  the  pockets  of 
lads  and  lasses  by  showing  the  earthly  countenances  of 
their  future  husbands  and  wives  in  his  crystal-glass.  He 
was  indicted  at  Worcester  for  witchcraft,  &c.,  after  which 
he  removed  to  London,  and  settled  in  the  borough,  where 
he  was  tried  for  a  rape,  but  again  escaped  to  practise  his 
depraved  arts,  until  the  infuriated  mob  pelted  him  to 
death  upon  the  13th  of  June,  1628.  See  a  very  rare 
pamphlet  entitled  "  A  Brief  Description  of  the  notorious 
Life  of  John  Lambe,  otherwise  called  Dr.  Lambe,  together 
with  his  Ignominious  Death,  with  a  wood- cut  of  the 
populace  pelting  him  to  death  in  the  City  of  London,  4to. 
1628."  This  work  fetched  at  Gordonstoun's  sale  41.  4*. ; 
at  Bright's,  21.  8s.  Forty-four  copies  of  it  have  since  been 
reprinted. 

Madam  Davers  is  without  doubt  the  notorious  Lady 
Eleanor  Davies,  the  youngest  daughter  of  George,  Earl  of 
Castlehaven,  and  Wife  of  Sir  John  Davies,  Attorney- 
General  for  Ireland.  She  was  a  remarkable  woman,  but 
unfortunately  believed  that  a  prophetic  mantle  had  de- 
scended upon  her.  The  idea  that  she  was  a  prophetess 
arose  from  finding  that  the  letters  of  her  name,  twisted 
into  an  anagram,  might  be  read  Reveal,  O  Daniel !  For 
some  of  her  prophetical  visions  she  was  summoned  before 
the  High  Commission  Court.  "  Much  pains,"  says  Dr. 
Heylin,  "  was  taken  by  the  Court  to  dispossess  her  of  this 
spirit ;  but  all  would  not  do  till  the  Dean  of  Arches  shot 
her  with  an  arrow  from  her  own  quiver,  and  hit  upon  the 
real  anagram,  Dame  Eleanor  Davies,  Never  so  mad  a 
ladie ! "  She  was  subsequently  prosecuted  for  "  An  Enthu- 
siastical  Epistle  to  King  Charles,"  for  which  she  was 
lined  3000/.,  and  imprisoned  two  years  in  the  Gate- 
house, Westminster.  Soon  after  the  death  of  Sir  John 
Davies  she  married  Sir  Archibald  Douglas,  but  seems  not 
to  have  lived  happily  with  either  of  her  husbands.  She 
died  in  the  year  1652.  See  more  respecting  her  in  13al- 
lard's  Memoirs  of  British  Ladies,  p.  191.] 


MERCHANTS  AND  TRADESMEN'S  MARKS.  —  Can 
anyone  recommend  to  me  a  good  work,  contain- 
ing engravings  of  "Merchants  and  Tradesmen's 
Marks  "?  A.  B. 

[On  this  curious  subject  our  correspondent  may  con- 
sult with  advantage  the  valuable  work  of  William  C. 
Ewing,  Esq.,  entitled  Notices  of  tlie  Merchants'  Marks  in 
the  City  of  Norwich,  4to,  Norwich,  1850,  which  not  only 
contains  eleven  engraved  plates  illustrating  308  different 
marks,  but  an  interesting  account  of  their  use  and  origin. 
In  1825  Mr.  Woodward  wrote  a  paper  on  this  subject, 
which  was  read  to  the  Society  of  Antiquaries,  accom- 
panied by  very  accurate  drawings.  This  manuscript, 
now  we  believe  in  the  possession  of  Hudson  Gurney,  Esq. 
has  been  consulted  by  Mr.  Ewing.  These  marks  appear 
to  have  been  in  general  use  for  about  three  centuries, 
namely,  from  1300  to  1600.  If  merchants  gave  money 
towards  the  building  or  restoration  of  churches,  their 
Marks  (frequently  a  very  ingenious  amalgamation  of 
threaded  forms  and  tracery)  were  placed  in  the  windows 
in  honour  of  their  liberality.  This  practice  is  thus  no- 
ticed in  Piers  Plowman's  Creed :  — 

"  Wyde  wyndowes  y-wrought, 
Y-wryten  ful  thikke. 
Shynen  with  shapen  sheldes, 
To  shewen  aboute, 
With  merkes  of  merchauntes 
Y-medeled  betwene. 
Mo  than  twentie  and  two 
Twyse  ynoumbbred." 

Coat-armour  in  early  times  not  being  allowed  to  men. 
in  trade,  many  merchant  families  (in  spite  of  Garter, 
Clarencieux,  and  Norroy)  adopted  their  trade-marks  in  a 
shield  (see  an  example  in  Boyne's  Tokens,  Plate  III.  No. 
5),  and  these  were  continued  by  their  descendants  as  an 
hereditary  distinction.  The  arms  of  the  borough  of 
Southwark  are  only  a  trade-mark.  In  the  seventeenth 
century  these  signs  were  falling  into  disuse,  and  were 
not  confined  to  wealthy  merchants  and  ship-owners,  but 
adopted  also  by  shopkeepers.  They  are  partially  used  by 
shipping  brokers  at  the  present  day,  and  being  purely 
arbitrary,  cannot  well  be  systematically  classified.] 

PENNSYLVANIA!*  BONDS. — Has  the  State  of  Penn- 
sylvania, U.S.,  ever  in  any  way  repudiated  her 
bonds  ?  AMICUS. 

[The  State  of  Pennsylvania  never  repudiated  her 
bonds.  The  only  circumstance  which  gives  a  colourable 
pretext  for  the  accusation,  is  the  following :  — 

From  Aug.  1,  1842,  to  Aug.  1844,  both  inclusive,  com- 
prising five  semi-annual  periods  for  payment  of  dividends, 
the  State  of  Pennsylvania  finding  herself  quite  unable  to 
meet  these  paymentSj  gave  her  creditors  each  half  year  a 
certificate  bearing  interest  for  the  amount  due.  The  in- 
terest on  the  first  issues  was  to  be  at  the  rate  of  six  per 
cent,  per  annum ;  and  on  the  second,  five  per  cent.  It 
was  understood  that,  as  soon  as  the  State  could  resume 
regular  cash  payments,  these  certificates  for  the  arrears  of 
dividends  would  be  funded.  In  1845,  the  State  resumed 
payment,  and  passed  a  law  to  fund  these  in  a  five  per 
cent,  stock,  redeemable  at  the  option  of  the  State  after 
ten  years ;  but  there  is  this  blot  upon  her  honour,  she 
compelled  the  holders  of  these  six  and  five  per  cent,  cer- 
tificates to  accept  only  four  and  a  half  per  cent,  per  an- 
num, which,  added  to  the  principal  of  the  certificates,  she 
converted  into  a  five  per  cent,  stock.  Ever  since  this 
transaction  she  has  kept  perfect  faith,  and  even  now  pays 
her  creditors  in  the  equivalent  of  coin.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  Nov.  21,  '63. 


STORM  SIGNALS.— Is  there  a^pamphlet  published 
explaining  or  describing  Admiral  Fitzroy's  storm 
signals  ?  Or  will  any  of  your  nautical  readers 
help  an  ignoramus  to  understand  the  interpreta- 
tion thereof?  H.  S. 

[Our  correspondent  should  consult  on  storm  signals, 
Bear  Admiral  Fitz  Roy's  Weather  Book :  a  Manual  of 
Practical  Meteorology,  8vo,  1863,  which  gives  an  explicit 
account  of  the  basis  and  the  nature  of  those  forecasts  and 
occasional  warnings  which  have  been  proved  useful  dur- 
ing the  past  two  years.  At  pages  347 — 350,  the  storm- 
warning  signals  are  described,  accompanied  with  diagrams. 
On  the  important  subject  of  storms  in  all  its  bearings, 
and  considered  with  the  ordinary  movements  of  the  at- 
mosphere, H.  W.  Dove"s  valuable  work,  The  Law  of 
Storms,  may  also  be  consulted.] 

QUOTATION.  —  Whence  do  the  following  lines 
come,  and  what  are  the  rest  of  them  ? — 

"  "Tis  a  very  fine  thing  to  be  father-in-law, 
To  a  very  magnificent  three-tailed  Bashaw." 

P.P. 

[These  lines  occur  in  George  Colman's  dramatic  ro- 
mance, Blue  Beard,  p.  37,  of  the  sixth  edition.  The  song 
is  too  long  for  quotation.] 


ST.  ANTHONY'S  SERMON"  TO  THE  FISHES. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  289,  331.) 

I  can  now  further  inform  CANON  DALTON  that 
the  Addison  in  whose  Travels  in  Italy  this  sermon 
was  to  be  found,  is  the  great  Addison,  whose  works 
are  easily  procurable.  I  have  met  with  it  in  the 
Talboys  edition,  vol.  iv.  p.  30;  but  the  correct 
title  of  the  book  is,  Remarks  on  several  Parts  of 
Italy,  frc.  in  the  Years  1701,  1702,  1703;  and  the 
original  Italian  is  given  in  antiquated  language 
and  orthography,  as  well  as  a  translation  in  Eng- 
lish. But  so  far  is  F.  C.  H.'s  Portuguese  version 
from  being  the  "full  length"  form  of  the  dis- 
course, that  Addison's  report  of  it  is  at  least  four 
times  as  lengthy,  being  very  much  more  verbose, 
turgid,  and  flowery,  although  the  drift  and  sub- 
stance of  the  two  are  the  same.  Evans's  Welsh 
version  is  only  a  meagre  abridgment  of  Addison's 
English ;  although  even  in  that  form  it  very  far 
outstrips  the  Portuguese.  Still,  since  its  original 
is  so  readily  accessible,  although  too  long  for  your 
columns,  it  would  be  waste  of  time  to  re-transfer 
the  Welsh  into  English.  One  slight  variation  I 
note  in  the  Brecknockshire  vicar's  account.  Ad- 
dison, closely  following  the  primitive  authority, 
declares  the  fish  to  be  "  deaf  to  hearing,  dumb  to 
speech,"  where  Evans  puts  "ynfudion,yu  aflafar" 
i.  e.  "  mute  and  speechless ; "  because,  I  suppose, 
it  occurred  to  him  as  a  native  of  Wales  and  not  of 
Ireland,  that  had  the  fish  really  been  "  sordi  aW 
udire"  (as  the  Italian  calls  them),  they  could 


hardly  have  known  they  were  preached  to  at  all, 
and  so  he  preferred  a  tautology  to  an  anomaly. 

Was  not  the  whole  the  skit  of  some  ineditcval 
wag  upon  the  intolerable  perversion  of ,  texts, 
which  was  then  still  more  prevalent  in  the  pulpit 
than  it  is  now  ?  Could  the  frarner  of  the  legend 
have  meant  anything  but  to  show  how  the  preachers 
of  his  day,  even  if  forced  to  preconise  salmon  and 
lobsters,  would  find  something  in  Scripture  to 
wrench  and  torture  into  apparent  relevancy  to  so 
ridiculous  an  occasion  ? 

The  capacity  of  animals  for  religion  is  a  curious 
subject,  but  too  large  to  be  entered  upon  here  ; 
but  a  story  from  some  East-Anglian  local  his- 
tory seems  to  show  that  there  have  been  those 
who  considered  an  incapacity  in  this  respect  a  dis- 
tinctive characteristic  of  fish.  The  Yarmouth 
people  once  pulled  up  in  their  herring-nets  some- 
thing which  they  suspected  to  be  a  mermaid,  and 
therefore  not  a  mere  fish,  but  superhuman.  To 
decide  the  question  they  took  it  to  hear  service  at 
St.  Nicholas's  church ;  but  as  the  creature  "  shewed 
no  signs  of  devotion,"  they  concluded  it  could  be 
in  no  sense  or  degree  a  Christian ;  "  Christian " 
being  in  Norfolk  the  usual  equivalent  of  homo  as 
well  as  of  Christianus.  Seriously,  I  should  like 
to  know  from  CANON  DALTON,  or  F.  C.  H.,  whe- 
ther there  has  ever  prevailed  among  the  great 
Roman  Catholic  Doctors  any  opinion  that  was 
esteemed  probable  or  commendable  respecting  a 
capacity  for  religion  in  beings  below  the  grade  of 
humanity?  G.  C.  GELDART. 


Many  thanks  to  your  obliging  correspondents 
F.  C.  H.,  G.  H.  KINGSLEY,  G.  C.  GELDART,  &c., 
for  having  answered  my  Query  so  promptly.  If 
MR.  GELBART  would  send  to  "  N.  &  Q."  a  trans- 
lation of  St.  Antony's  Sermon  from  the  Welsh,  it 
would  no  doubt  be  interesting.  But  more  in- 
teresting still  would  be  the  Sermon  in  the  original 
Italian,  if  any  of  your  correspondents  should  have 
met  with  it 

There  are,  no  doubt,  various  versions  of  the 
"  model  practical  sermonette."  In  the  translation 
from  the  Portuguese,  given  by  F.  C.  H.,  the  com- 
mencement— "Dearly  beloved  fish" — is  not  given. 
Ribadenegra,  in  his  Flos  Sanctorum  (edit.  Madrid, 
1604,  p.  457,  Vida  de  San  Antonio  de  Padua), 
represents  the  saint  as  beginning  his  sermon  in 
these  words :  —  "  Oydme  vosotros,  pues  estos 
hereges  no  me  quieren  oyr."  ("  Hear  me,  ye  fishes, 
since  these  heretics  refuse  to  listen  to  me.") 

Unfortunately,  Ribadenegra  only  gives  a  short 
epitome  of  the  saint's  discourse. 

The  legends  connected  with  St.  Antony  of 
Padua,  are  almost  innumerable.  I  hope  to  send 
to  "N.  &  Q."  in  a  few  days  another  remarkable 
sermon,  delivered  by  the  saint  to  a  wolf,  trans- 
lated from  the  Dutch  by  a  gentleman  resident  in 
Norwich  J.  DALTON. 


3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  21,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


415 


LONG  GRASS. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  288.) 

There  seems  little  reason  to  doubt  that  this  is 
the  same  as  the  "  Orcheston  Long  Grass  "  which 
excited  so  much  attention  amongst  writers  on 
husbandry  some  sixty  years  ago.  In  Withering's 
Botany,  vol.  ii.  157,  seventh  ed.,  there  is  the  fol- 
lowing account  of  it :  — 

"  At  Orcheston,  St.  Mary,  about  eleven  miles  from 
Salisbury,  is  a  small  tract  of  meadow  land,  half  a  mile 
from  the  village  of  Shrewton,  which  is  sometimes  watered 
in  the  winter  by  means  of  a  spring  flowing  out  of  a  lime- 
stone rock.  It  is  mown  thrice  in  the  summer,  and  after 
a  favourable  season  for  watering,  the  first  crop  is  nearly 
live  tons  per  acre ;  the  second  about  half  as  much.  This 
extraordinary  produce  excited  the  attention  of  the  Agri- 
cultural Society  established  at  Bath ;  and  from  the  reports 
made  to  that  Society,  it  appears  that  the  crop  principally 
consisted  of  Agrostis  stolonifera." 

The  growth  of  this  grass  (which  is  the  same  as 
the  Irish  Fiorin  (butter  grass),  is  somewhat  pecu- 
liar. It  puts  forth  an  abundance  of  long  lateral 
stems,  or  stolones.  These  lying  along  the  ground, 
and  occasionally  rooting  at  the  joints,  increase  in 
length  without  limit.  It  is  to  these  horizontal 
stems  that  the  dimensions  given  by  Norden  refer. 
Johnson  remarks  (Grasses  of  Great  Britain,  p.  37) 
that  in  Italy  and  the  south  of  France,  the  poor 
people  collect  these  creeping  runners  by  the  road- 
side and  elsewhere,  binding  them  in  small  bundles, 
which  they  carry  to  market  as  food  for  horses. 
In  dry  situations  the  Creeping  Bent  grass  is  a 
troublesome  wiry  weed.  In  well-watered  fields, 
as  seen  above,  it  produces  an  abundance  of  pala- 
table and  succulent  fodder.  Sinclair  has  several 
figures  of  the  most  esteemed  varieties  in  his 
Hortus  Gramineus.  Further  information  may  be 
found  in  the  Gent.  Mag.  and  Monthly  Mag.  for 
1 809  and  1 8 1 0.  In  Young's  Annals  of  Agriculture, 
1794,  vol.  xxii.,  and  in  an  essay  published  by  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Richardson  of  Clonfede,  none  of  our  in- 
digenous British  grasses  exceed  about  6  feet  in 
height.  Amongst  the  highest  are,  Phalaris  arun- 
dinacea,  varying  from  4 — 5  feet;  Festuca  arun- 
dinacea,  3 — 6  ;  Glyceria  aquatica,  3 — 6  ;  Pfirag- 
mates  communis,  5 — 6.  (Babbington's  Manual.) 

The  following  extract  from  Ray's  Catalogus 
Planturum  Anglice,  2nd  ed.  (1677),  p.  140,  which  I 
chanced  to  come  upon  while  searching  for  some- 
thing else,  evidently,  I  think,  refers  to  Norden's 
plant :  — 

"  Gramen  caninum  supinum  longissimum.  Two  miles 
from  Salisbury,  by  Mr.  Tucker's,  at  Maddington,  where- 
with they  fat  hogs:  it  is  24/eet  long.  Vide  Mr.  Fuller's 
Worthies  of  England,  and  Dr.  Merret's  Pinax.  An  gramen 
longissimum  J.  B.  (Johannis  Bauhini  Historia)  ?  ex  quo 
rusticos  efficere  ait  equorum  torques  quibus  aratratrahunt, 
et  opiliones  chlamydes  pastorales  quibus  adversiis  pluviam 
utuntur." 

The  Italics  are  my  own. 

In  the  Indiculus  Plantarum  Dubiarum  at  the 


end  of  the  third  edition  of  Ray's  Synopsis  Stir- 
pium,  there  is  the  following :  u  Gramen  arundi- 
naceum  30  pedes  longum.  On  the  south  of  the 
Isle  of  Wight,  by  the  seaside  towards  the  Point." 
Dr.  Bromfield  identified  this  with  Phragmites 
communis,  var.  #  repens,  Meyer.  He  speaks  of  it 
as  extending  "  to  the  length  of  from  20  to  40  or 
even  50  feet."  (PTiytologist,  1842,  p.  146,  and 
1850,  p.  1093.)  This  variety  of  the  common  reed, 
however,  cannot  be  the  Salisbury  plant,  since  it 
is  only  found  in  barren  sandy  places,  and  is,  I 
should  think,  ill  adapted  for  food  for  cattle. 

W.  T.  DYEK. 


MRS.  COKAYXE  OF  ASHBOURNE. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  305,  338.) 

Some  years  ago,  spending  a  few  days  at  Ash- 
bourne  in  Derbyshire,  I  obtained  from  a  de- 
scendant of  this  lady  some  interesting  memorials 
of  the  Cokayne  family.  The  Mrs.  Cokayne  to 
whom  Dr.  Donne  addressed  his  letters  was  the 
mother  of  Sir  Aston,  the  author  of  the  Poems  of 
divers  Sorts.  She  was  the  daughter  of  Sir 
John  Stanhope  of  Elvaston,  Knight,  and  married 
Thomas  Cokayne,  Esq.,  of  Ashbourne  Hall,  Der- 
byshire, and  of  Pooley,  Warwickshire,  in  1607. 
She  resided  at  Ashbourne  Hall  long  after  her 
son's  marriage,  probably  as  her  jointure  house. 
Among  Sir  Aston's  Epigrams  is  the  following, 
celebrating  the  gardens  of  this  beautiful  seat :  — 

"  To  my  Mother,  Mrs.  Anne  Cokain. 
"  Let  none  our  Ashbourn  discommend  henceforth ; 
Your  gardens  shew  it  is  a  place  of  worth. 
What  delicate  sparagus  you  have  growing  there, 
And  in  how  great  abundance  every  year  ? 
What  gallant  apricots,  and  peaches  brave, 
And  what  delicious  nectarins  you  have ! 
What  melons  that  grow  ripe  without  those  glasses 
That  are  laid  over  them  in  other  places ! 
What  grapes  you  there  have  growing !  and  what  wine, 
Pleasant  to  taste,  you  made  last  vintage  time ! 
Plant  vines,  and  when  of  grapes  you  have  got  store, 
Make  wine  enough,  and  I  will  ask  no  more : 
Then  Mr.  Bancroft  *  in  high  lines  shall  tell 
The  world,  your  cellar's  Aganippe's  well." 

Among  Dr.  Donne's  epistles  printed  in  A  Col- 
lection of  Letters  made  by  Sr.  Tobie  Mathews,  1660, 
is  one  to  Mrs.  Cokayne,  "  occasioned  by  the  death 
of  her  son."  This  was,  probably,  Thomas,  the 
younger  brother  of  Sir  Aston,  the  precise  date  of 
whose  death  I  have  not  been  able  to  ascertain. 

For  many  years,  down  to  the  beginning  of  the 
present  century,  a  room  in  Ashbourne  Hall  was 
known  as  "  Dr.  Donne's  chamber." 

EDWARD  F.  RIMBAUI-T. 


It  is  a  little  odd  that  Mrs.  Cokain  should  be  so 
little  known  when  her  head-dress's  eccentricity 


*  Thomas  Bancroft,  a  well-known  satirist  of  the  early 
part  of  the  seventeenth  century. 


416 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  21,  '63. 


has  been  immortalised  by  her  nephew,  poor 
Charles  Cotton,  who  calls  her  "  Mrs.  Cokain  in  the 
Peake." 

By  this  irreverence,  says  a  MS.  note  in  my 
copy,  "  he  had  his  humour,  but  lost  her  estate" 

H.  J.  H. 

Your  correspondent,  G.  H.  K.  says  that  this 
lady  was  "  doubtless  a  relation  of  the  soi-disant 
Sir  Aston  Cockain  or  Cokayne."  Query,  does 
this  mean  that  Sir  A.  Cockain  or  Cokayne,  the 
dramatic  author  and  poet,  was  not  legally  entitled 
to  the  name  ?  If  so,  on  what  grounds  ?  In  what 
year  did  Ashbourne  Hall  cease  to  belong  to  the 
Cokaynes?  who  sold  it?  and  who  was  the  last 
representative  of  the  family  living  at  Ashbourne 
or  Derby  at  the  early  part  of  the  present  cen- 
tury ?  Lastly,  who  is  the  actual  representative'  of 
the  family,  or  is  it  extinct  in  the  male  line  ? 

DELTA. 


PHRISTIAN  NAMES. 

(3rd  S.  iv.  369.) 

The  Times,  quoted  by  CTJTHBERT  BEDE,  is 
mistaken  in  supposing  that  when  Catholics  take 
a  new  name  in  confirmation,  the  new  name 
supersedes,  or  even  precedes,  the  original  name 
received  in  baptism.  The  person  confirmed  re- 
ceives an  additional  name  only,  and  this  is  given 
him  because  he  receives  a  new  character — that  of 
a  confirmed  Christian,  and  soldier  of  Jesus  Christ. 
I  am  always  glad  to  see  any  exposure  and  con- 
demnation of  the  too  frequent  practice  of  giving 
strange  and  improper  names  in  baptism ;  and  I 
always  protest  against  calling  these  Christian 
names,  when  there  is  nothing  Christian  about 
them.  The  clergy  of  the  Catholic  Church  are 
forbidden  to  tolerate  such  names.  The  following 
extract  from  the  Ritual  will  show  at  once  her 
spirit  and  practice :  — 

"  Et  quoniam  iis,  qui  baptizantur,  tamquam  Dei  filiis 
in  Christo  regenerandis,  et  in  ejus  militiam  adscribendis, 
nomen  imponitur,  curet  (sacerdos)  ne  obsccena,  fabulosa, 
aut  ridicula,  vel  inanium  deorum,  vel  impiorum  ethnico- 
rum  hominum  nomina  imponantur,  sed  potius,  quatenus 
fieri  potest,  Sanctorum,  quorum  exemplis  fideles  ad  pie 
vivendum  excitentur,  et  patrociniis  protegantur." 

P.  C.  H. 

Lord  Monteagle  does  not  derive  his  name 
Spring  from  the  season  of  the  year,  but  from  the 
alliance  of  his  family  with  that  of  Spring,  an 
Irish  house ;  but  connected,  I  believe,  with  the 
ancient  Springs  of  Suffolk.  It  is  amusing  to  find 
Sydney  Smith  claiming,  if  he  did,  the  invention 
of  the  name  Sdba;  there  being  two  saints  so 
called  in  the  Roman  Calendar,  one  of  whom  has  a 
basilica  in  Rome.  It  must,  however,  be  admitted 
that  he  has  feminised  it.  VEBNA. 


There  was  in  1856,  in  a  small  street  close  by 
Poydras  Market,  in  New  Orleans,  a  shop,  over 
which  was  the  sign  "  Abednego  Hooper."  The 
man  was  a  New-Englander,  working  in  some 
capacity  on  a  Mississippi  steamboat.  His  wife, 
who  minded  the  shop,  and  who  also  hailed  from 
"  down  east,"  was  known  as  Jael.  A  sister  of 
either  the  man  or  his  wife,  living  in  the  same 
house,  was  Selah  Ann.  C.  W. 

CUTHBERT  BEDE  may  be  pleased  to  know,  that 
remote  antiquity  can  be  quoted  to  support  his 
fancy  of  coining  one  name  out  of  two  others : 
such  as  Mareli,  from  Mary  and  Uftzabeth.  The 
old  legend  of  Pilate,  whose  surname  Pontius  was 
given  to  him  after  conquering  the  Isle  of  Ponthus, 
commences  thus  in  Caxton's  translation :  — 

"  There  was  a  king  called  Tirus,  which  knew  carnally 
a  maid  called  Pilam,  which  was  daughter  to  a  miller 
named  Atus.  And  of  this  daughter  he  engendered  a  son. 
And  she  took  her  name,  and  the  name  of  her  father  Atus, 
and  composed  thus  of  their  names  one  name  to  her  son, 
and  named  him  Pilatus." 

WILLIAM  BLADES. 

11,  Abchurch  Lane. 

Outre  baptismal  names  appear  to  be  adopted 
chiefly  amongst  the  lower  classes. 

The  name  of  Shadrach,  borne  by  CUTHBERT 
BEDE'S  Worcestershire  friend,  is  also  that  of  an 
individual  in  that  district,  who  was  recently  tried 
for  some  offence.  At  the  last  Staffordshire  As- 
sizes, I  note  the  name  of  Barzillai  Foster,  con- 
victed of  unlawfully  wounding  at  Harborne ;  and 
that  of  Eli  —  borne,  singularly  enough,  by  two 
men  tried  at  the  same  time  on  the  same  charge, 
of  the  respective  surnames  of  Wakeman  and 
Round.  I  was  lately  on  a  visit  at  Ringwood,  in 
Hampshire ;  and,  while  sitting  outside  the  house 
one  evening,  was  attracted  by  A  red-headed  and 
robust  little  Saxon,  who  came  up  the  walk  with  a 
basket.  I  stopped  him,  and  asked  various  ques- 
tions :  all  of  which  he  answered  readily  enough, 
except  "What's  your  name?"  This  bothered 
him ;  he  tried  to  remember  it,  but  could  not. 
And  I  was  so  interested  to  find  out,  that  I  walked 
to  his  mother's  cottage  the  next  day,  and  ascer- 
tained from  her  that  her  hopeful  received  the 
name  of  "  Mahershalalhashbaz," — which  she  could 
neither  properly  pronounce  or  spell  herself. 

She  is  a  Mrs.  Bradford ;  and  is,  I  presume,  still 
in  her  cottage  at  Ringwood.  S.  T. 

I  have  always  thought  it  strange  that,  while  we 
have  such  numbers  of  persons  bearing  the  names 
of  the  New -Testament  saints,  especially  the  Evan- 
gelists, we  can  point  to  so  few  called  after  the 
Apostle  of  whose  labours  we  have  the  fullest 
record,  and  who  takes  up  by  far  the  largest  space 
in  the  records  of  the  infant  Church  —  St.  Paul. 


3"»  S.  IV.  Nor.  21,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


It  is  the  more  remarkable  when  one  bears  in 
mind  that  it  is  by  no  means  an  uncommon  name 
among  the  members  of  the  Greek  and  the  Latin 
Churches :  one  would  more  certainly  expect  to 
find,  in  Protestant  countries,  a  greater  use  of  the 
name  of  this  eminently  doctrinal  Apostle.  I  have 
not  read  Miss  Yonge's  History  of  Christian  Names, 
so  I  do  not  know  if  she  has  noticed  two  (to  me) 
very  unusual  names :  Damaris  (Acts  xvii.  34), 
and  Ora.  The  former  is  borne  by  a  lady  of  my 
acquaintance ;  and  I  have  a  note  in  my  possession 
signed  with  the  latter,  as  one  of  the  two  Christian 
names  of  the  writer. 

In  the  summer  of  this  year,  during  a  holiday 
tour,  I  saw  over  a  bootmaker's  shop,  in  a  pleasant 
watering  place  in  the  Isle  of  Thanet,  the  name 
Paramour.  And  in  the  province  of  Ulster,  in  a 
decaying  but  picturesque  town,  memorable  as  the 
landing-place  of  William  III.,  over  a  small  chan- 
dler's shop,  was  painted  the  name  Dubordiew. 

P.  A.  JACOBSON. 

Roger  de  Coverley  appears,  in  Kent's  London 
Directory  for  1768,  in  the  humble  position  of  a 
"  weaver  "  in  King  Street,  Moorfields.  S.  T. 


MAPS  (3rd  S.  iv.  170,  376.)— The  account  given 
by  me  represents  the  tradition  of  the  University, 
as  current  especially  among  the  younger  members, 
in  my  day  (1823-27).  I  thought  I  had  expressly 
stated  this :  but  I  find  I  have  only  implied  it,  in 
my  last  paragraph,  by  the  words  "  There  was  not, 

in  my  time,  any  tradition "  That  the 

circumstances  I  have  mentioned  were  currently 
stated  and  believed,  I  know :  I  have  heard  them 
from  many.  If  Maps  were  not  an  officer  of  the 
library,  the  conspicuous  presence  of  his  portrait 
within  the  library  walls  would  be  ^almost  sure  to 
lead  to  the  belief  that  he  was. 

It  is  asked,  relative  to  Nicholson  thinking  that 
all  old  folios  were  maps,  "Was  anything  ever  more 
absurd  ?  "  To  this  query  I  answer,  Yes,  some- 
thing was  more  absurd.  What  was  it  ?  It  was 
what  was  given  in  the  sentence  preceding  the 
question.  "  I  am  informed  by  the  library  autho- 
rities that  such  an  office  as  MB.  DE  MORGAN  de- 
scribes never  existed  except  in  the  imagination  of 
that  gentleman."  I  doubt  the  accuracy  of  this 
statement.  I  cannot  believe  the  library  autho- 
rities pretended  to  know  the  thoughts  of  all  the 
men  who  have  ever  heard  that  Cambridge  had 
a  public  library.  Belong  the  assertion  to  whom 
it  may,  it  is  a  million  times  more  absurd  to  state 
that  no  human  being  ever  imagined  a  beadle  to 
carry  out  books  from  the  public  library,  than  to 
state  that  one  particular  man  was  illiterate  enough 
to  fancy  all  large  books  were  maps. 

If  the  "library  authorities"  will  undertake  to 
say  that  the  notion  of  the  library  having  a  porter 


to  carry  out  books  never  entered  any  imagination 
but  mine,  I  should  highly  value  an  official  com- 
munication to  that  effect.  But  without  such  a  do- 
cument I  cannot  believe  them  so  absurd. 

A.  DE  MORGAN. 

CLERK  OP  THE  CHEQUE  (3rd  S.  iv.  43.)  —  No 
such  office  was  ever  connected  with  the  Court  of 
Exchequer.  We  have  a  clerk  of  the  estreats ;  a 
clerk  of  the  market ;  a  clerk  of  the  nichils ;  a  clerk 
of  the  pells ;  a  clerk  of  the  pipe ;  a  clerk  of  the 
summons;  and  a  clerk  of  the  writs.  The  func- 
tions of  all  these  officers  may  be  learnt  from  Mr. 
Thomas's  Ancient  Exchequer  of  England  (1848, 
8vo)  ;  but  he  is  silent  as  to  the  office  of  clerk  of 
the  cheque. 

An  ancient  book  is  preserved  in  the  Chapel 
Royal,  St.  James's,  called  the  Cheque- Book.  It 
contains  entries  of  the  dates  of  admission  of  the 
gentlemen ;  notices  of  their  removal,  or  death ; 
and  various  other  matters  relative  to  the  internal 
management  of  the  establishment.  One  of  the 
gentlemen  was  (and  perhaps  is  still)  appointed 
to  keep  this  book,  under  the  denomination  of 
"  clerk  of  the  cheque."  The  office  was  once  held  by 
the  celebrated  Henry  Lawes,  as  appears  by  the 
following  entry  in  the  above-mentioned  book :  — 

"  1662.  Mr.  Henry  Lawes,  one  of  the  Gentlemen  of  His 
Majesties  Chappell  Royal,  and  clerke  of  the  check,  died 
Octob.  21 ;  and  in  his  place  was  sworne  as  Gentleman, 
Dr.  John  Wilson,  Dr  of  Musick,  Octob.  22." 

I  have  some  thoughts  of  recommending  the 
Cheque'Book  of  the  Chapel  Royal  to  the  notice  of 
the  Camden  Society,  as  a  document  well  worthy 
of  publication  with  illustrative  notes. 

EDWARD  F.  RIMBAULT. 

ANTHONX  YOUNG  (3rd  S.  iv.  327.)—  The  com- 
position of  "  God  save  the  King  "  is  attributed  to 
this  musician,  solely  upon  the  authority  of  an  un- 
dated copy  published  by  "  Riley  &  Williams,  Com- 
merce Row,  Blackfriars  Road."  (See  The  New 
Monthly  Magazine  for  1816.)  The  copy  states: 
"  This  air  was  composed  by  Mr.  Anthony  Young, 
late  Organist  of  Allhallows  Barking,  Essex." 

Now,  upon  searching  the  registers  of  Allhal- 
lows, I  find  that  no  such  person  as  Anthony 
Young  was  ever  organist  of  that  church.  A  Mr. 
Charles  Young  succeeded  Mr.  Bryan  in  1713, 
where  he  remained  until  1758 — probably  the  year 
of  his  death.  Anthony  Young  was  organist  of  St. 
Clement-Danes,  in  1707,  in  which  year  he  pub- 
lished a  collection  of  songs ;  and  subsequently  of 
Catherine-Cree  Church,  near  the  Tower. 

Thus,  having  shaken  the  authenticity  of  the 
publication  of  Messrs.  Riley  &  Williams  in  one 
particular,  it  may  possibly  weaken  it  in  another, 
i.  e.  the  claim  of  the  National  Anthem  to  have 
been  composed  by  any  musician  bearing  the  name 
of  Young. 

Now  as  to  another  point  concerning  the  Youngs, 


418 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


f<i  S.  IV.  Nov.  21,  '63. 


Dr.  Burney,  in  the  fourth  volume  of  his  History 
of  Music,  speaking  of  the  year  1744,  says  :  — 

"  At  Covent  Garden  the  singers  were  Mrs.  Lampe  and 
Miss  Young,  sisters  of  Mrs.  Arne ;  and  all  three  daughters 
of  Anthony  Young,  organist  of  Catherine-Cree  Church, 
near  the  Tower." 

On  the  contrary,  Sir  John  Hawkins,  in  the  fifth 
volume  of  his  History  of  Music,  says :  — 

"There  was  one  Mr.  Charles  Young,  organist  of  the 
church  of  Allhallows,  Barking,  who  had  three  daughters, 
namely,  Cecilia,  Esther,  and  Isabella." 

Thus  the  two  historians  have  each  given  a  dif- 
ferent father  to  the  well-known  three  Misses 
Young.  I  thought  to  reconcile  these  contradic- 
tory accounts  by  finding  that  Anthony  and  Charles 
were  one  and  the  same  person ;  but  this  is  im- 
possible, as  Charles  Young  was  certainly  organist 
of  Allhallows  during  the  time  that  Anthony  Young 
was,  with  equal  certainty,  organist  of  Catherine- 
Cree  Church. 

Can  any  correspondent  throw  light  upon  these 
discrepancies  of  the  two  historians  ? 

EDWARD  F.  RIMBAULT. 

SIGNET  ASSIGNED  TO  MART,  QUEEN  or  SCOTS 
(3rd  S.  iv.  396.) — In  a  paper  read  before  the  mem- 
bers of  the  British  Archaeolo'gical  Association,  and 
printed  in  vol.  xvii.  of  its  Journal,  p.  223,  Hen- 
rietta-Maria, Queen  of  Charles  I.,  was  fully  es- 
tablished as  the  real  owner  of  this  heraldic  signet. 
Mr.  H.  Syer  Cuming,  the  author  of  the  paper,  was 
the  first  to  draw  attention  to  the  fact  that  the  M. 
on  the  dexter  side  of  the  shield  has  a  bar  drawn 
horizontally  across  it,  so  as  to  convert  it  into  a 
very  neat  monogram  of  H.  and  M.,  the  initials  of 
Henrietta- Maria.  The  original  signet  is  now  in 
the  possession  of  Cardinal  Wiseman,  who  pur- 
chased it  at  the  sale  of  the  effects  of  the  Earl  of 
Buchan ;  and  as  I  have  impressions  both  from  the 
original  and  from  fac-similes,  1  have  no  doubt 
that  your  correspondent  T.  A.  H.  will  now  easily 
observe  the  peculiarity  of  the  monogram,  and 
concur  with  Mr.  Cuming  in  assigning  it  to  Hen- 
rietta-Maria. M.  D. 

"  PALLAS  ARMATA  "  (3rd  S.  iv.  373.)— If  Moule 
had  quoted  the  complete  title  of  this  work  he 
would  have  perceived  that  it  had  no  more  to  do 
with  heraldry  than  with  Chinese  music.  It  is  a 
work  well  worthy  of  perusal  whenever  the  garot- 
ting  system  again  becomes  prevalent  in  our  social 
community,  and  is  entitled  — 

"  Pallas  Armata :  the  Gentleman's  Arnorie,  wherein 
the  right  and  genuine  use  of  the  Rapier  and  of  the  Sword, 
as  well  against  the  right  handed  as  against  the  left  handed 
man,  is  displayed :  and  now  set  forth  and  first  published 
for  the  common  good  by  the  Author.  Printed  at  London 
by  I.  D.  for  lohn  Williams,  at  the  signe  of  the  Crane  in 
S.  Paul's  Churchyard,  1G39.  12mo." 

It  is  dedicated  by  G.  A.  (who  is  he?)  to  R. 
Grenvile,  Ja.  Clavering,  Jo.  Wolstonholme,  Thos. 


Newce,  W.  Wats,  and  J.  Simand.  It  also  con- 
tains Commendatory  Verses  by  Sam.  Brigges,  Jo. 
Godolphin,  Anthony  Askham,  Jo.  Sotheby,  Tarn- 
berlayne  Bowdler,  A.  Smallwood,  Wm.  Creed, 
Richard  Lovelace,  Wm.  Bewe,  D.  Vivian,  and 
W.  W.  Oxoniensis.  Bindley's  copy  is  now  in  the 
Grenville  collection  at  the  British  Museum.  The 
work  appears  very  rare.  J.  YEOWELL. 

INKSTAND  (3rd  S.  iv.  348.)  —  In  reply  to  PROF. 
DE  MORGAN'S  inquiry  respecting  the  inkstand,  I 
beg  to  say  that  I  have  for  many  years  used  one  of 
a  similar  description,  with  the  exception  of  the 
containing  saucer.  I  have  always  found  it  to 
answer  exceedingly  well,  but  an  improvement  may 
be  made  by  the  addition  of  a  moveable  cover  to 
the  projection  in  front,  to  prevent  the  access  of 
dust  to  the  ink.  I  have  made  my  cover  of  a  piece 
of  thin  sheet  gutta  percha.  I  am  informed  that 
similar  inkstands  have  been  procured  from  Messrs. 
John  and  Richard  Reeves,  of  Birmingham. 

N.  S.  HEINEKER. 

The'inkstand  referred  to  by  your  correspondent, 
is  or  was  to  be  had  at  Messrs.  Perry  and  Co.'s, 
London.  H.  FISHWICK. 

DUKE  OF  KINGSTON'S  REGIMENT  (3rd  S.  iv.  269.) 
Upon  the  breaking  out  of  the  rebellion  in  favour 
of  the  Pretender,  in  1 745,  the  Duke  of  Kingston 
raised  a  regiment  of  light  horse  at  his  own  ex- 
pense, for  the  support  of  the  reigning  sovereign. 
This  corps  particularly  distinguished  itself  at  the 
battle  of  Culloden  in  its  gallant  charge  against  the 
Highland  clans,  and  for  its  activity  in  their  pur- 
suit. On  the  suppression  of  the  rebellion  the 
regiment,  in  accordance  with  the  terms  upon 
which  the  men  had  enlisted,  was  disbanded  at 
Nottingham ;  but  in  consequence  of  the  high  ap- 
proval of  its  conduct  during  its  short  though 
eventful  service,  the  Duke  of  Cumberland  was 
authorised  to  receive  as  many  of  the  officers  and 
men  as  would  reengage  for  his  regiment  of  light 
dragoons.  All  the  men  except  eight,  and  most  of 
the  officers,  availed  themselves  of  this  offer.  The 
regiment  subsequently  served  under  the  Duke  in 
the  Netherlands,  and  evinced  signal  gallantry  at 
the  battle  of  Laffeld  or  Val,  on  Sunday,  July  2, 
1747.  Two  years  afterwards,  in  consequence  of 
the  peace,  the  regiment  was  disbanded. 

THOMAS  CARTER. 

Horse  Guards. 

DEVIL,  A  PROPER  NAME  (3rd  S.  iv.  123.) — On 
the  Essex  bank  of  the  Thames  there  is  a  house 
called  commonly  the  Devil's  house.  On  looking 
over  some  old  maps,  I  find  it  is  there  designated 
Deval's  house.  This  is  a  difference  of  only  a 
letter.  Surely  no  one  would  accept  or  keep  such 
a  patronymic  as  Devil.  I  suspect  that  Devil's 
Lane,  Devil's  House,  Devil's  Hill,  and  other  simi- 


IV.  Nov.  21,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


419 


lar  appellations,   are,  sometimes  at  least,  simply 
corruptions  ofDeval,  or  of  Deville.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Comer. 

ST.  PJETER'S-IN-THE-EAST  (3rd  S.  iv.  307.)  — 
Local  traditions  as  to  the  existence  of  subterra- 
neous passages  connected  with  churches  are,  I 
think,  rather  common.  I  have  often  come  across 
accounts  of  them,  but  at  this  moment  can  call 
to  mind  but  the  following.  At  Bury  Hall,  Ed- 
monton, said  to  have  been  the  residence  of  the 
regicide  Bradshaw,  there  is  in  one  of  the  cellars 
the  opening  of  a  subterraneous  passage,  now 
blocked  up,  said  to  lead  to  the  church  a  mile  dis- 
tant. Ray,  in  his  Itineraries  ("  Select  Remains," 
1760,  p.  164)  in  an  account  of  York  Minster, 
reports  "That  it  is  said,  there  is  a  large  vault 
under  the  choir,  and  from  thence  a  passage  to 
Ouse  bridge."  W.  T.  DYER. 

"  CLEANLINESS  NEXT  TO  GODLINESS"  (lrt  S.  iv. 
491.)— The  late  Mr.  Joshua  Watson  told  me  that 
he  had  heard  this  proverb  should  be  "  Cleanliness 
is  next  to  goodliness  ,•"  or,  next  to  the  possession 
of  good  looks,  tidiness  is  to  be  valued.  This 
seems  a  very  probable  reading.  Have  any  of 
your  readers  heard  it  thus  quoted  ;  and  if  so, 
by  whom,  or  where  ?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

FOXHANGRE  (3rd  S.  iv.  123.)  —  This  worthy, 
whatever  his  other  sins  may  have  been,  certainly 
is  not  (from  onomatoepy)  to  be  convicted  of  the 
crime  by  all  sportsmen  most  to  be  abhorred,  that 
of  vulpicide.  He  did  not  hang  foxes,  but  simply 
dwelt  by  the  "  hanger  " — or  hanging  wood,  where 
foxes  delighted  to  dwell.  The  word  "hanger"  is 
noticed  by  Holloway  as  a  hanging  wood  on  the 
declivity  of  a  hill.  He  calls  it  a  Hampshire  wood. 
I  have  also  met  with  it  in  Surrey.  Is  such  a 
phrase  used  in  the  north  ?  or,  if  not,  what  is  its 
equivalent  ?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

ST.  MARY  MATFELON  (3rd  S.  iv.  5,  &c.)  — May 
not  this  have  been  simply  a  misreading  of  some 
old  black-letter  inscription,  stating  the  church  to 
be  dedicated  to  St.  Mary  the  Mother,  and  her 
Son :  £>  :  jWar  :  j^at :  fillO?  —  "  Sanctae  Mariaj 
Matri  filioque."  It  does  not  seem  very  likely 
that,  in  the  Middle  Ages,  either  Arabic  or  Syriac 
words  should  have  been  used  in  the  dedication  of 
a  London  church.  The  above  also  is  nearly  equi- 
valent to  the  "  Virgini  pariturae."  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

THE  PRINCE  IMPERIAL  DESCENDED  FROM 
BLANCHE  DE  FRANCE  (3rd  S.  iv.  306.) — I  find  the 
following  note  among  some  MS.  papers,  and  send 
it  to  you  just  as  I  jotted  it  down.  The  French 
book  referred  to  was  published,  I  believe,  very 
recently. 

"  Charles  de  Tourtoulon  —  Jacme  Icr  le  Conque'rant, 
Roi  d'Aragon,"  etc.  [Endeavouring  to  prove  that  the 


Prince  Imperial  is  descended,  by  the  mother's  side,  from 
Blanche  de  France,  fille  de  Saint-Louis.] 

J.  MACRAY. 
Oxford. 

ROB  (3rd  S.  iv.  193.)  —  A  friend  informs  me 
that  rob,  which  Dr.  Bell  states  "  is  identical  with 
many  West  Indian  words  for  the  inspissated  juice 
of  vegetables,"  is  an  Arabic  word  of  the  same 
meaning.  Our  old  cookery  books  give  us  re- 
ceipts for  making  "  currant  rob  "  (a  very  delicious, 
if  not  efficacious,  remedy  for  sore  throat)  ;  and 
the  word  was  doubtless  imported,  with  many 
others  of  our  chemical  terms,  from  the  learned 
men  of  the  East.  R. 

DISCOVERY  OF  THE  TYRIAN  PURPLE  (3rd  S.  iv. 
353.)  —  The  legend  is  found  in  the  fourth  chapter 
of  the  first  book  of  the  Onomasticon  of  Pollux, 
edit.  Hagenoae,  1521.  Blaze  has  thrown  it  into  a 
dramatic  form  ;  but  it  is,  in  all  its  essential  parts, 
the  same  story  which  is  told  by  Pollux.  The 
lady  says  :  — 

"  OUK  9l<fyn  Trpoa"fiK«r8<u  rov  \OLTTOV  r'bv  'Kpcuc\fa 
fl  JUT]  avry  KOfiiffftev  iffdrJTa  tutv  rov  Kvvbs 


The  dog's  name  is  not  given,  and  the  lady  Tyro 
was  a  native  of  the  country  in  no  way  connected 
with  the  mythological  characters  mentioned  by 
your  correspondent  W.  D.  In  the  fragments  of 
Palaephatus  (p.  62),  in  the  edition  of  Opuscula 
Mythological,  Physica,  et  Ethica,  Amstel.  1688, 
Palsephatus,  with  his  usual  rationalising  spirit, 
gives  the  story  in  a  much  more  prosaic  form* 
His  statement  is  to  the  following  effect.  Hercules, 
a  Tyrian  philosopher,  was  walking  on  the  shore, 
when  he  observed  a  shepherd's  dog  chewing  an 
oyster  —  from  which  the  dye  is  procured.  The 
Shepherd,  thinking  that  the  redness  round  his 
dog  s  mouth  arose  from  blood,  wiped  it  with  some 
wool,  which  he  happened  to  have  in  his  hand. 
Hercules,  examining  it  carefully,  was  surprised 
to  find  that  it  was  not  blood,  but  liquor  from  the 
shell-fish  ;  and  proceeding  immediately  to  the  king, 
made  him  acquainted  with  his  discovery.  The 
king  took  advantage  of  this  information,  and 
caused  a  purple  dress  to  be  prepared  for  his  royal 
person.  The  discovery  of  purple  is  very  fully 
treated  in  a  note  of  Blaise  de  Vigenere  on  Philo- 
stratus,  but  I  cannot  refer  to  the  work.  There  is 
also  something  in  the  Dionysiaca  of  Nonnus  on 
the  subject.  C.  T.  RAMAGE. 

BISHOP'S  DRESS  (3rd  S.  iv.  247,  359.)—  It  may 
interest  your  correspondents  who  have  written  on 
this  subject  to  mention,  that  the  mitre  was  worn 
by  Samuel  Seabury,  Bishop  of  Connecticut,  who 
was  consecrated  at  Aberdeen,  in  1784,  as  the  first 
bishop  of  the  church  in  America.  He  must  in- 
deed have  been  a  noble-looking  man,  if  at  all  like 
his  engraved  portrait  in  the  vestry  of  St.  Andrew's 
in  Aberdeen. 


420 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  IV.  Nov.  21,  '63. 


The  mitre,  made  of  black  satin,  with  a  cross  on 
the  front,  and  on  the  back  a  crown  of  thorns,  is 
preserved  in  Trinity  College,  Hartford,  U.S.A. ; 
having  been  presented  to  it  by  the  Rev.  Arthur 
Cleveland  Coxe,  M.A. — whose  beautiful  book, 
Christian  Ballads,  must  be  familiar  to  many  of 
your  readers.  From  a  note  to  the  edition  of  that 
work  of  1861  (p.  210),  it  would  seem  that  Bishop 
Seabury  wore  the  scarlet  hood  of  a  D.D.  over  his 
robes ;  and  I  have  heard  that  the  present  Bishop 
of  Brechin  does  the  same  on  some  occasions. 

I  transcribe  the  description  of  the  mitre  :  — 

"  The  mitre  with  its  crown  of  thorns, 

Its  Cross  upon  the  front : 
Not  for  a  proud  adorning  worn, 

But  for  the  battle's  brunt : 
This  helmet,  with  Salvation's  sign, 

Of  one  whose  shield  was  faith : 
This  crown  of  him,  for  right  divine, 

Who  battled  unto  death ! 

"  Oh  keep  it,  till  the  moth  shall  wear 

Its  comeliness  to  dust, 
Type  of  a  crown  that's  laid  up  where 

There  is  nor  moth,  nor  rust : 
Type  of  the  Lord's  commission  given, 

To  this  our  western  shore ; 
The  rod  of  Christ,  the  keys  of  heaven, 
Through  one,  to  thousands  more." 

OXOSIENSIS. 

MUTILATION  or  SEPULCHRAL  MONUMENTS  (3rd 
S.  iv.  363.)  —  It  has  long  been  ruled  that  "  no 
person  has  a  right  to  remove  or  deface  any  memo- 
rial laid  or  placed  in  memory  of  the  dead."  Over- 
laying with  new  tiles  old  memorial  stones  is  per- 
iaps  not  destroying  them  nor  defacing  them  ;  but 
it  certainly  is  effacing  them,  and  it  is  a  mere 
subterfuge.  By  a  recent  Act  (24  &  25  Viet, 
c.  97),  there  is  a  provision  "  that  if  any  person 
shall  wilfully  destroy  or  damage  (inter  alia)  any 
monument  or  other  memorial  of  the  dead,  in  any 
church  or  churchyard,  he  shall  be  liable  to  be 
imprisoned  for  six  months  with  hard  labour," 
without  excepting  the  offender  from  "  action  at 
law,  and  damages  for  the  injury  committed." 

The  sooner  an  example  is  made  the  better. 

H.  T.  ELLACOMBE,  M.A. 

Clyst  St.  George. 

OBSCURE  SCOTTISH  SAINTS  (3rd  S.  iv.  Ill,  362.) 
Both  Nennius  and  the  Annales  Cambrics  attribute 
Edwin's  baptism  to  Bum  Map  Urbgen,  or  Rhun- 
ab-Urien  Rheged ;  while  it  has  been  legitimately 
inferred  from  Bede  that  this  sacrament  was  ad- 
ministered to  King  Edwin  by  Paulinus,  identified 
with  Pawl  Hen,  the  Abbot  of  Ty-gwyn,  or  Whit- 
land,  in  Carmarthenshire,  and  instructor  of  S.  S. 
Dewi  and  Teilo.  S.  Paulinus  was  originally  a 
North  Briton,  as  stated  by  Rees,  Welsh  Saints, 
p.  187;  and  Mr.  Woodward  in  his  History  of 
Wales,  London,  1853,  p.  153,  evidently  inclines  to 
the  belief  that  S.  Paulinus,  Pawl  Hen,  and  Rum 
ab  Urien  Rheged  are  one  and  the  same  person. 


The  chronology,  as  Mr.  Woodward  observes, 
would  make  against  this  supposition ;  but  on  the 
whole  it  would  perhaps  be  easier  to  accept  the 
identification  than  disallow  it  merely  on  the  au- 
thority of  such  chronology  as  we  have  of  those 
days.  In  a  Life  of  Merlin,  by  T.  Hey  wood,  1812, 
where  the  old  tales  of  Brute,  &c.  are  related, 
Edinburgh  Castle  is  attributed  to  Ebrank,  who  is 
said  (p.  6)  to  have  "  built  also  in  Scotland  the 
Castle  of  Maidens,  now  called  Edinburgh  Castle." 
W.  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 

P.S.  S.  Paulinus  would  seem  to  have  been  far 
from  stationary  during  his  career,  having  been 
variously  traced  to  North  Britain,  the  Isle  of 
Man,  Caerworgorn,  Llandewi  Brefi,  and  Whit- 
land,  to  say  nothing  of  his  expedition  to  Rome. 
He  was  commemorated  Nov.  22,  under  the  title 
ofPolin,  Esgob,  i.e.  Bishop. 

ROGER  KENYON  (2"d  S.  i.  49.) — He  was  son  of 
the  Rev.  Edward  Kenyon,  B.D.,  rector  of  Prest- 
wich,  Lancashire,  and  after  being  educated  in 
Stockport  School,  was  admitted  a  pensioner  of  S. 
John's  College,  Cambridge,  April  10,  1682,  set. 
15,  his  father  being  then  deceased.  In  1635-6  he 
proceeded  B.A.,  being  admitted  a  Fellow  of  his 
college  on  Mr.  Ashton's  foundation,  March  15, 
1686-7.  On  Feb.  28,  1694-5,  he  was  admitted  to 
a  medical  fellowship  in  the  room  of  Edward  Stil- 
lingfleet,  M.D.  Michael  Theobald  was  elected  to 
this  fellowship  June  10,  1696,  but  gave  way  again 
to  Kenyon  April  19,  1697.  When  or  how  he 
ultimately  vacated  his  fellowship,  we  are  not  in- 
formed :  but  he  took  no  higher  degree  than  B.A. 
On  Dec.  22,  1703,  he  was  admitted  a  Licentiate 
of  the  College  of  Physicians.  He  was  a  nonjuror, 
and  instrumental  in  the  publication  of  Charles 
Leslie's  Works,  1721.  He  died  at  St.  Germains. 
We  desire  to  ascertain  the  date  of  this  event. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

THE  KAISER- SAAL  AT  FRANKFORT  (3rd  S.  iv. 
352.) — The  mottoes  of  the  emperors,  copies  of  the 
portraits  in  coloured  lithography,  with  brief  bio- 
graphical notices,  will  be  found  in  the  following 
work,  a  copy  of  which  is  in  the  Art  Library  of 
the  South  Kensington  Museum  :  — 

"  Schott  und  Hagen.  Die  deutschen  Kaiser.  Nacli 
den  Bildern  des  Kaiser-Saales  im  Romer  zu  Frankfurt- 
am-Main,  in  Kupfer  gestochen  und  in  Farben  ausge- 
fiihrt.  Mit  den  Lebensbeschreibungen  der  Kaiser  von 
Albert  Schott,  Professor  der  deutschen  Sprache  und 
Literatur  am  Gymnasium  in  Stuttgart,  und  Dr.  Karl 
Hagen,  Professor  der  Geschichte  in  Heidelberg.  Folio. 
Frankfurt,  1847." 

R.  L. 

See  that  strange  work,  Wanley's  Wonders  of  the 
Little  World.  H.  S.  G. 

MARVEN  (3rd  S.  iv.  268.)— Sir  Thomas  Murfyn, 
Knt.,  citizen  and  skinner  of  London,  served  the 


3'd  S.  IV.  Nov.  21,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


421 


office  of  Sheriff  in  1511,  and  that  of  Lord  Mayor 
in  1518.  Stowe  says  he  was  "  sonne  to  George 
Merfine  of  Ely."  His  daughter  Frances  married 
Sir  Richard  Williams,  alias  Cromwell,  great- 
grandfather of  the  Protector.  Heylin  (Wright's 
edition)  and  Stowe  give  his  arms,  Or,  on  a  chevron 
sa.,  a  mullet  with  a  crescent  for  difference.  I  do 
not  know  how  Sir  Thomas  was  related  to  the 
Cambells  (not  Camobell),  but  both  being  civic 
families,  I  think  I  have  put  your  correspondent 
on  the  right  scent.  H.  S.  G. 

FORD  (3rd  S.  iv.  291.)— For  some  particulars  of 
Simon  Ford,  see  the  Herald  and  Genealogist, 
p.  432,  note.* 

I  take  this  opportunity  of  correcting  an  error  in 
a  communication  of  mine  in  "  N".  &  Q."  2nd  S.  xi. 
210,  where  I  have  stated  that  Jane  Hickman, 
widow,  married  for  her  second  husband  Dr.  Simon 
Ford,  which  is  wrong ;  it  should  be  Dr.  Joseph 
Ford,  a  physician  at  Oldsminford.  This  person 
being  described  as  "  Dr.  Ford  of  Oldsminford," 
and  being  then  unaware  of  the  existence  of  the 
physician,  I  too  hastily  came  to  the  conclusion 
that  it  was  the  divine.  H.  S.  G. 

DR.  LEONARD  SNETLAGE  (3rd  S.  iv.  353.)  — 
Leonard  Wilhelm  Snetlage  was  a  "  Privatdocent " 
in  the  University  of  Halle,  subsequently  in  that  of 
Gottingen,  and  finally  in  Berlin.  He  was  born  at 
Tecklenburg,  in  Prussian  Westphalia,  Aug.  5, 
1743,  and  died  at  Berlin,  Nov.  10,  1812.  Besides 
the  work  mentioned  by  J.  A.  G.  he  published  — 

"  Contea  Politiques  et  Fabuleux  du  dix-huitieme 
Siecle.  Berlin,  1779.  8°." 

"De  juris  universi  ratione.    Halse,  1789.    8°." 

"De  methodojus  dicendi.    Halae,  1789.    8°." 

S.  HALKETT. 

DE  VERES,  EARLS  or  OXFORD  (3rd  S.  iv.  351.) 
G.  W.  J.  is  mistaken  in  supposing  that  John  de 
Vere,  who  died  in  1526,  and  was  buried  at  Colne 
Priory,  was  the  last  Earl  of  Oxford  of  that  name. 
He  was  the  fourteenth  Earl  of  Oxford,  and  was 
succeeded  by  another  John  de  Vere,  who  died  in 
1539,  and  was  buried  in  the  church  of  this  place. 
The  title  became  extinct  at  the  death  in  1702 
of  Aubrey  de  Vere,  the  twentieth  Earl,  who  was 
buried  in  Westminster  Abbey.  L.  A.  M. 

The  arms  of  this  family  were,  Quarterly  gu. 
and  _  or,  in  the  first  quarter  a  mullet  arg.  For 
origin  see  Leland,  quoted  by  Burke,  Patrician, 
iii.  314.  Crest,  on  a  chapeau,  a  boar  (verres,  in 
allusion  to  the  name),  passant  arg.  Supporters, 
dexter,  a  boar ;  sinister,  a  harpy.  Motto,  "  Vero 
nihil  verius."  f  H.  S.  G. 

CONTRACTS  :  A  PER  CENTAGE  DEDUCTED  (3rd  S. 
iv.  287.) — It  was  a  custom  in  the  early  days  of  in- 

*  For  "  died  April  7, 1619  "  in  that  note,  read  «  1699." 
•^Comp.  "  Vero  verius  ergo  quid  sit  audi."— Mart.  viii. 
ep.  <6. 


surance  for  the  offices  to  insert  in  the  policy  (I  sup- 
pose merely  for  the  purpose  of  profit)  a  provision 
for  a  small  per-centage  deduction  from  the  claims. 
Thus  the  Fire  Policies  issued  by  the  Corporation 
of  the  London  Assurance  set  forth  that  "  The  loss 
or  damage  shall  be  paid  in  money  immediately 
after  the  same  shall  be  settled  and  adjusted,  de- 
ducting only  three  pounds  per  cent " ;  while  the 
Life  and  Marine  policies  of  the  same  Corporation 
provided  for  an  abatement  in  each  case  of  21.  per 
cent.  See  the  forms  given  at  length  in  Magens 
On  Insurances,  4to,  Lond.,  1755,  vol.  ii.  pp.  379 — 
384.  Another  somewhat  similar  custom  of  the 
early  underwriters  in  cases  of  Marine  Insurance 
was,  not  to  pay  for  any  damage  that  did  not 
amount  to  31.  per  cent,  of  the  whole  sum  insured  ; 
thus,  if  100  bales  of  goods  were  insured,  and  three 
of  them  lost,  the  underwriters  would  not  pay 
anything.  JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORKARD,  M.A. 

LATIN  TRANSLATION  (3rd  S.  iv.  353.) — A  trans- 
lation of  Pope's  "  Universal  Prayer "  into  Latin 
sapphics  forms  part  of  the  following  work :  — 

"  A.  Popii  Excerpta  Qusedam.  Latine  reddidit  Jac 
Kirkpatrick,  M.D.  Londini,  1749." 

It  commences  thus  :  — 

"  Omnium  Sator  veuerande,  cultns 
Omne  per  ssec'lum,  populo  vel  omni, 
Barbaris,  sanctisque,  sophisque  cunctis, 

Sive  Jehovam, 

Seu  Jovem  dicunt  Dominumve  "...    &c. 
JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORKARD,  M.A. 

MELANCTHON  (3rd  S.  iv.  352.)  —  The  reference 
is  to  a  letter,  headed  :  "  Judiciuin  de  Dsemoniacis 
puellis,  quse  Roma?  agitatae  sunt  a  Diabolo,  scrip- 
turn  ad  Hubertutn  Languetum  Burgundum  ;"  and 
printed,  at  p.  386,  in  Peucer's  Epistolce  selectiores 
aliquot  Philippi  Melanthonis,  Witeberga3,  1565. 
In  the  original  it  stands  thus  :  — 

"  Ante  annos  duodecim  erat  mulier  in  Saxonia,  quje 
nullas  literas  didicerat ,  tatnen  cum  agitarctur  a  Diabolo, 
post  conciatus,  loquebatur  Graece  et  Latine  de  futuro 
bello  Saxonico.  Erit  magna  angustia  in  terra,  et  ira  in 
populo,  fcrrai  &vdjicr)  tirl  TTJS  7175  Kal  ofryr]  ev  rip  \a<t> 

TOVT(f. 

From  this,  it  does  not  appear  that  Melancthon 
saw  the  young  woman  in  question. 

C.  W.  BlNGHAM. 

ORIGIN  OF  THE  CARRIAGE  CALLED  A  FLY  (3rd 
S.  iv.  345.)  —  When  I  was  at  Cheltenham,  in  or 
about  1817,  I  saw  a  small  low  carriage  drawn  by 
two  men.  On  either  side  was  depicted  an  owl, 
under  which  was  the  motto  :  "  We  fly  by  night." 
The  same  kind  of  carriage  was  soon  afterwards 
introduced  into  Reading ;  but  as  far  as  my  recol- 
lection serves,  it  had  not  the  owl  and  motto. 

C.  H.  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

MRS.  HEMANS'S  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  iv.  323,  360.)— 
[  regret  that  I  am  unable  fully  to  reply  to  LORD 


422 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  Nov.  21,  '63. 


LYTTELTON'S  inquiries  respecting  the  allusions  in 
"  The  Graves  of  a  Household."  One  point,  how- 
ever, does  not  appear  to  admit  of  doubt ;  namely, 
that  the  lines  beginning 

"  One,  'midst  the  forest  of  the  west," — 

were  actually  intended  by  Mrs.  Hemans  as  an 
allusion  to  the  burial-place  of  her  brother,  Claude 
Scott  Browne.  This  we  learn  on  the  best  autho- 
rity, that  of  Mrs.  Owen ;  who,  in  her  Memoir  of 
her  gifted  sister,  has  appended  the  opening  lines 
of  the  poem  to  a  note  recording  the  death  of  this 
brother  in  Canada,  as  quoted  in  my  former  com- 
munication. 

It  appears,  from  Mrs.  Hemans's  "Juvenile 
Poems  "  ( Works,  vol.  vii.  pp.  337,  339),  that  one 
of  her  brothers  was  at  the  battle  of  Corunna  ;  and 
that  another  (the  eldest)  was  with  the  army  dur- 
ing the  Peninsular  War. 

I  am  not  aware,  however,  whether  it  is  of  either 
of  these  she  writes :  — 

"  One  sleeps  where  southern  vines  are  drest 

Above  the  noble  slain : 
He  wrapt  his  colours  round  his  breast, 
On  a  blood-red  field  of  Spain." 

Or  of  the  other,  that  — 

"  The  sea,  the  blue  lone  sea,  hath  one  — 
He  lies  where  pearls  lie  deep." 

Probably  these  allusions  are  imaginary,  as  LORD 
LYTTELTON  supposes ;  but  the  key-note  of  the 
composition  being  struck  in  her  mind  by  the  cir- 
cumstances of  the  death  and  burial  of  one  brother 
in  Canada,  and  the  eventful  circumstances  in 
which  other  members  of  her  family  had  been 
placed,  "  the  poet's  eye,  in  a  fine  frenzy  rolling," 
saw  not  that  which  was,  but  that  which  might 
have  been  ;  and  thus,  to  this  inspiration,  we  owe 
this  beautiful  poem. 

It  would  be  interesting,  however,  if  Mrs.  He- 
man's  son,  or  some  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
who  may  be  better  qualified  than  myself,  would 
supply  further  information  on  the  subject. 

WILLIAM  KELLY. 

Leicester. 

EXEMPT  JURISDICTION  OF  NEWRY  AND  MOURNE 
(3rd  S.  iv.  351.)  —  "  Some  curious  and  interesting 
particulars  of  the  Lordship  of  Newry  "  will  be 
found  in  the  Statistical  Survey  of  Ireland,  co.  Ar- 
magh, pp.  373 — 393.  Newry  Abbey  was  founded, 
anno  1153,  by  Maurice  M'Loghlin,  monarch  of 
all  Ireland,  as  a  monastery  for  Cistercians  :  — 

"  From  thence,  until  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.,  it 
flourished,  and  had  amassed  considerable  treasures ;  but 
this  monarch  changed  its  constitution  to  a  Collegiate 
Church  for  secular  priests,  anno  1533.  A  confirma- 
tion of  all  its  possessions  was  granted,  reserving  only  to 
the  Crown  the  yearly  rent  of  four  marks ;  but  a  few 
years  after,  when  Henry  shook  off  his  subjugation  to 
the  Papal  See,  it  shared  the  fate  of  the  other  religious 
houses,  and  was  dissolved ;  but  in  the  reign  of  Edward 
VI.,  the  Lordship  was  granted  to  Sir  Nicholas  Bagnall, 


who  was  Marshal  of  Ireland,  with  all  the  immunities 
and  privileges  which  it  enjoyed  as  an  ecclesiastical  esta- 
blishment ;  and  he  was  permitted  to  use  in  his  Court  the 
ancient  seal  of  the  charter,  on  which  is  represented  a 
mitred  abbot  in  his  alb,  sitting  in  a  chair,  supported  by- 
two  yew  trees — the  motto,  Sigillum  exempta  jurisdictionis 
de  Viridi  ligno  alias  Newry  et  Mourne.  The  proprietor  is 
ex  qfficio  Rector  of  the  parish,  and  has  the  power  of  grant- 
ing marriage  licenses  and  probates  of  wills :  the  tithes 
are  his  property,  and  it  is  even  a  matter  of  doubt  whether 
the  bishop  could  oppose  his  officiating  in  person,  although 
not  in  orders.  He  holds  courts  baron  and  leet,  and  his 
jurisdiction  overrides  the  powers  of  the  sheriff  of  the 
county  in  his  district." 

JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORK.ARD,  M.A. 

Your  correspondent  ABHBA  may  find  at  least 
some  of  the  information  he  requires,  in  the  Newry 
Magazine  for  1815,  which  was  edited  by  Stuart, 
whose  History  of  Armagh  (Newry,  1819,)  is  well 
known.  B.  E.  S. 

THE  GATE  OF  DERHAM  PARK  (3rd  S.  iv.  7.)  — 
From  my  memoranda  relative  to  the  Trotter 
family,  I  find  that  John  Trotter,  Esq.,  purchased 
the  estate  of  Derham  Park,  in  the  parish  of  South 
Mimms,  near  Barnet,  in  1798  ;  and  built  the  pre- 
sent mansion.  The  magnificent  gateway  cost 
2,0001.  I  find  no  mention  of  its  having  been  a 
Cromwell  memorial.  EDWARD  F.  R.IMBAULT. 

SHAMROCK  (3rd  S.  iv.  187,  233.)— I  think  the 
balance  of  probability  is  decidedly  in  favour  of 
identifying  this  plant  with  the  Dutch  Clover 
(Trifolium  repens).  The  sorrel,  Oxalis  acetosella 
(a),  is  almost  exclusively  a  wood  plant,  and 
hence  is  much  less  likely  to  have  attracted  St. 
Patrick's  attention  than  the  Dutch  or  White 
Clover,  which  abounds  everywhere.  What  can 
be  the  plant  intended  by  your  correspondent,  S. 
REDMOND,  it  is  impossible  to  divine,  since  there 
is  no  species  of  Trifolium  "  peculiarly  indigenous 
to  some  parts  of  Ireland  only,"  nor  is  the  Tri- 
folium repens  at  all  "  silky  in  leaf  and  stem." 
Mackay,  in  his  Flora  Hibernica,  1836,  observes 
that  it  was  the  plant  which  he  had  observed  worn 
as  the  Shamrock  for  the  last  thirty  years.  I  may 
be  allowed  to  say,  that  the  Wood-sorrel  is  not  pro- 
perly, as  stated  by  one  of  your  correspondents, 
the  Herb  Trinity,  since  that  name  belongs  to  the 
Wild  Pansy,  Viola  tricolor(a),  so  called  from  the 
three  colours  combined  in  its  flower. 

W.  T.  DYER. 

King's  College. 

WAND  OF  GRAND  MASTERS  OF  THE  TEMPLARS 
(3rd  S.  iv.  307).  —  A.  DE  T.,  who  inquires  about 
this,  will  find  it  thus  described  in  Ivanhoe :  — 

"  In  his  hand  (i.  e.  Lucas  Beaumanoir,  the  Grand 
Master)  he  bore  that  singular  abacus,  or  staff  of  office, 
with  which  Templars  are  usually  represented,  having  at 
the  upper  end  a  round  plate,  on  which  was  engraved  the 
Cross  of  the  Order,  inscribed  within  a  circle  or  orle,  as 
heralds  term  it."— Ivanhoe,  vol.  ii.  p.  213,  edition  of  1851. 


'd  S.  IV.  Nov.  21,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


423 


And  at  p.  240  of  the  same  volume,  in  the  beau- 
tiful description  of  the  trial  of  Rebecca  at  the 
Preceptory  of  Templestowe,  the  abacus  is  again 
mentioned :  — 

"  On  an  elevated  seat,  directly  before  the  accused,  sat 
the  Grand  Master  of  the  Temple,  in  full  and  ample  robes 
of  flowing  white,  holding  in  his  hand  the  mystic  staff, 
•which  bore  the  symbol  of  the  order." 

There  is  no  note  in  this  edition  explaining  or 
describing  the  properties  attributed  to  this  mystic 
emblem.  OXONIENSIS. 

CRAPAUD  RING  (3rd  S.  iv.  351)  would  seem  to 
be  a  ring  with  a  crapaudine, — 

"  Sorte  de  pierre  qu'on  croyait  autrefois  se  trouver  dans 
la  tete  du  crapaud,  et  qui  est  une  dent  pe'trifie'e  du  poisson 
appelle  loup  marin." — Landais. 

Rabelais  (3.  17)  speaks  of  a  crapaudine  — 

"  Avec  profonde  reverence  lui  mist  au  doigt  medical 
une  verge  d'or  bien  belle,  en  laquelle  estoit  une  crapau- 
dine de  Beusse  magnifiquement  enchassee." 

Hugue  de  Mery,  in  his  Tournoyement  de  FAnte- 
christ,  says :  — 

"  Mais  celle  qui  entre  les  yeux, 
Au  boterel  croist,  est  plus  fine, 
Qu'on  seult  appeler  Crapaudine." 

Menage,  referring  to  the  above :  — 

"  II  est  tres-fausse  qu'elle  se  trouve  en  la  teste  du  cra- 
paud.  Et  elle  a  ete  appele"e  crapaudine  de  sa  couleur, 
seniblable  a  celle  d'un  crapaud :  d'ou  elle  a  ete  aussi  ap- 
pele'e  boterel." 

R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 

GRINLING  GIBBONS  (3rd  S.  iv.  352.) — Your  cor- 
respondent is  evidently  unaware  of  the  contribu- 
tions by  Mr.  P.  Cunningham  and  others  to  the 
Builder  Journal  last  year,  of  several  interesting 
statements  respecting  this  sculptor.  They  occur 
on  pages  797,  846,  861.  One  of  the  paragraphs 
states  that  Gibbons  died  Aug.  10,  1720,  and  his 
wife  Nov.  30,  1719;  and  continues, — "Of  their 
children  —  nine  or  ten  in  number  —  I  can  learn 
nothing  but  their  names  and  the  dates  of  baptism 
and  burial  of  each  in  their  father's  and  their  own 
parish  church  of  St.  Paul's,  Covent  Garden."  This 
will  perhaps  satisfy  him  on  the  point  he  mentions. 
WTATT  PAPWOETH. 

"  GOD  SAVE  THE  KING  "  IN  CHURCH  (3rd  S.  iv. 
335.) — This  used  to  be  played  as  a  voluntary  in 
some  of  the  Lancashire  churches,  and,  probably 
in  other  counties  also,  on  the  Sunday  which  fol- 
lowed the  announcement  of  a  fresh  victory  during 
the  Peninsular  war.  I  confess  to  considerable 
disappointment  on  the  Sundays  after  Alma  and 
Inkermann  to  find  the  old  custom  was  forgotten. 

But  what  an  un  sympathising  brute  must  Danby 
have  been  to  amuse  himself  in  the  very  house  of 
God  by  repressing  the  little  devotional  ardour  the 
poor  old  fellows  had !  It  was  he,  not  they,  who 
was  the  "  heathen  "  upon  those  occasions.  P.  P. 

GREEK  FIRE  (3rd  S.  iv.  353.)  —  It  may  be  of 
little  use  to  MK.  DE  MORGAN  to  refer  him  to  a 


work,  I  believe,  somewhat  rare,  for  the  Latin 
lines  he  quotes ;  but  if  he  can  lay  his  hand  on 
Grose's  History  of  the  British  Army  (a  book  in 
two  large  quarto  vols.,  published  in  or  about 
1801),  he  will  find  them  in  a  note  to  the  last 
chapter  of  the  first  volume,  which  treats  of  an- 
cient artillery  in  general.  There  are  further  re- 
ferences given  there,  which  I  do  not  remember. 
The  lines  are  part  of  an  extract  of  some  eighteen 
or  twenty  verses.  F.  P. 

CANDLES  (3rd  S.  iv.  325.)  — There  can  be  no 
doubt  that  the  French  originally  imported  their 
wax  from  Bougiah,  in  Algeria,  and  thence 
named  their  bougie.  R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

Tales  of  a  Wayside  Inn.  By  Henry  Wordsworth 
Longfellow.  (Routledge.) 

A  new  volume  of  poems  from  the  pen  of  Longfellow  will 
be  a  welcome  announcement  to  hundreds  of  our  readers : 
and  as  we  cannot  doubt  that  before  Christmas  these 
Tales  of  a  Wayside  Inn  will  have  been  read  throughout 
the  length  and  breadth  of  the  land,  we  may  almost  con- 
tent ourselves  with  saying  that  the  metal  of  the  volume 
is  of  the  true  ring,  and  the  admirers  of  the  American 
bard  will  see  no  falling  off  in  his  fancy  or  melody.  As  in 
Chaucer's  Canterbury  Tales  the  introductions  are  the 
happiest  efforts  of  the  glorious  old  poet,  so  we  are  in- 
clined to  think  that  in  the  work  before  us  the  Prelude 
and  Interludes  will  be  esteemed  the  happiest  portions  of 
the  poem. 

The  Pricke  of  Conscience  (Stimulus  Conscientiae).  A. 
Northumbrian  Poem  by  Kichard  Rolle  de  Hampole. 
Copied  and  edited  from  MSS.  in  the  Library  of  the 
British  Museum,  with  an  Introduction,  Notts,  and  Glos- 
sarial  Index  by  Richard  Morris.  Published  for  the 
Philological  Society. 

When  Warton,  in  his  admirable  History  of  English 
Poetry,  extracted  some  specimens  of  The  Pricke  of  Con- 
science, and  prophesied  that  he  was  its  last  transcriber,  he 
little  thought  that,  from  the  advance  of  philological  study 
that  poem  which  he  correctly  described  as  having  "  no 
tincture  of  sentiment,  imagination,  or  elegance,"  would 
be  not  only  transcribed,  but  even  very  carefully  edited 
and  illustrated,  and  then  given  to  the  press.  As  a 
monument  of  the  Northumbrian  Dialect  —  and  in  the 
literary  remains  of  the  fourteenth  and  fifteenth  centuries 
there  i's  little  difference  between  Scottish  and  this  North- 
English  dialect  —  the  Pricke  of  Conscience  is  of  great 
philological  value.  It  was  probably  written  shortly  be- 
fore the  author's  death,  which  took  place  in  1349 ;  and 
although  but  little  regarded  of  late  years,  it.  furnished 
abundant  materials  for  writers  who  were  Richard  Rolle's 
immediate  successors.  Mr.  Morris  has  done  his  editing 
well  and  carefully,  and  both  he  and  the  Philological 
Society  deserve  the  thanks  of  all  students  of  our  noble 
language. 

The  Afternoon  Lectures  on  English  Literature,  delivered  in 
the  Theatre  of  the  Museum  of  Industry,  St.  Stephen's 
Green,  Dublin,  in  May  and  June,  1863.  (Bell  & 
Daldy.) 

We  think  the  best  note  which  can  be  made  upon  this 
interesting  volume,  so  creditable  to  the  projectors  of  the 
scheme,  and  to  the  lecturers  by  whom  that  scheme  was 


424 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[S«»  S.  IV.  Nov.  21,  '63. 


carried  out,  is  to  enumerate  the  subjects  of  the  Lectures 
and  name  the  lecturers : — The  first,  "  On  the  Influence  of 
the  National  Character  on  English  Literature,"  was  de- 
livered by  Rev.  James  Byrne ;  the  second,  "  On  the  Clas- 
sical and  Romantic  Schools  of  English  Literature,"  by 
William  Rushton,  M.A. ;  the  third,  "  On  Shakspeare,"  by 
Dr.  Ingram ;  the  fourth,  "  On  the  English  Drama,"  by 
Professor  Houlston ;  the  fifth,  "  On  the  Life  and  Writings 
of  Foster  the  Essayist,"  by  the  Rev.  E.  Whately ;  and 
the  last,  and  one  of  the  most  interesting,  was  "  On  the 
Ballad  and  Lyrical  Poetry  of  Ireland,"  by  Randal  W. 
M'Donnell,  Esq. 

Geschiedenis  van  het  heylighe    Cruys ;   or,   History  of  the 
Holy  Cross.   Reproduced  in  Foe-simile  from  the  Original 
Edition  printed  by  J.  Veldener  in  1483.     Text  and  En- 
gravings by  J.  Ph.  Berjeau.     (C.  J.  Stewart.) 
This  is  another  and  most  interesting  evidence  of  Mr. 
Berjeau's  wonderful  power  of  reproducing  in  fac-simile, 
and  at  comparatively  small  cost,  copies  of  the  typogra- 
phical rarities  which,  as  monuments  illustrative  of  the 
origin  of  the  art  of  printing,  have  been  only  accessible  at 
prices  which  put  them  out  of  the  reach  of  ordinary 
readers.    Nor  is  this  the  only  recommendation  of  the 
present  volume,  for  the  History  of  the  Cross,  originally 
told  by  Rufinus  of  Acjuila,   in  Book  x.  cap.  vii.  of  his 
Ecclesiastical  History,  is  one  of  the  most  curious  legends 
of  the  Middle  Ages.    Both  the  legend  and  the  wood- 
blocks are  well  described  by  Mr.  Berjeau;  and  the  book 
is  one  to  add  even  to  his  now  well-established  reputation. 

Dogs  and  tiieir  Ways.     Illustrated  by  numerous  Anecdotes 
compiled  from  Authentic  Sources.    By  the  Rev.  Charles 
Williams.     With  Woodcuts.    (Routledge.) 
This  capital  collection  of  anecdotes  of  dogs  will  find 

favour  with  two  classes  of  youthful  readers — those  who 

have  dogs,  and  those  who  have  not. 

AUTHORIZED  COMMENTARY  ON  THE  BIBLE.  —  We 
are  happy  to  learn  from  The  Guardian  that,  at  the  sug- 
gestion of  the  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Commons,  and 
with  the  sanction  of  the  Primate,  a  committee,  consisting 
of  the  Archbishop  of  York,  the  Bishops  of  London,  Lich- 
field,  Llandaff,  Gloucester,  and  Bristol,  Lord  Lyttelton,  the 
Speaker,  Mr.  Walpole,  and  Drs.  Jacobson  and  Jeremie, 
has  been  organised  for  the  purpose  of  producing  a  com- 
mentary which  should  "  put  the  reader  in  full  possession 
of  whatever  information  may  be  requisite  to  enable  him 
to  understand  the  Word  of  God,  ana  supply  him  with 
satisfactory  answers  to  objections  resting  upon  misre- 
presentations of  its  contents."  The  Rev.  F.  C.  Cook, 
preacher  at  Lincoln's-inn,  will  be  the  general  editor,  and 
will  advise  with  the  Archbishop  of  York  and  the  Regius 
Professors  of  Divinity  at  Oxford  and  Cambridge  upon  any 
questions  which  may  arise.  The  work  will  be  divided 
into  eight  sections,  the  first  of  which  will  consist  of  the 
Pentateuch,  and  be  edited  by  Professor  Harold  Browne, 
the  Revs.  R.  C.  Pascoe,  T.  F.  Thrupp,  T.  E.  Espiu,  and 
W.  Dewhurst  contributing.  The  historical  books  will  be 
consigned  to  the  Rev.  G.  Rawlinson,  editor,  and  the  Revs. 
T.  E.  Espin  and  Lord  Arthur  Hervev,  contributors.  The 
Rev.  F.  C.  Cook  will  edit,  and  the  Revs.  E.  H.  Plumptre, 
W.  T.  Bullock,  and  T.  Kingsbury  will  annotate  the  poeti- 
cal books.  The  four  great  Prophets  was  to  have  been  un- 
dertaken by  Dr.  M'Caul  as  editor,  and  by  the  Revs.  R. 
Payne  Smith  and  H.  Rose  as  contributors.  The  Bishop  of 
St.'David's  and  the  Rev.  R.  Gandell  will  edit  the  12  minor 
Prophets,  and  the  Revs.  E.  Huxtable,  W.  Drake,  and  F. 
Meyrick  will  contribute.  The  Gospels  and  Acts  will  form 
the  sixth  section ;  the  first  three  Gospels  will  be  edited 
by  Professor  Mansel,  the  Gospel  of  St.  John  by  the  Dean 
of  Canterbury,  and  the  Acts  by  Dr.  Jacobson.  The  edi- 
torship of  St.  Paul's  Epistles  is  appropriately  assigned  to 


Bishop  Ellicott  and  Dr.  Jeremie,  with  Dr.  Gilford,  Pro- 
fessor T.  Evans,  Rev.  J.  Waite,  and  Professor  J.  Light- 
foot  as  contributors.  To  the  Archbishop  elect  of  Dublin 
and  the  Master  of  Balliol  is  assigned  the  rest  of  the 
sacred  canon.  The  names  of  the  editors  and  contributors, 
while  they  insure  orthodoxy,  give  promise  that  the  com- 
ment thus  put  forth  almost  with  the  sanction  of  the 
Church  of  England  as  a  body  will  not  be  the  utterance  of 
any  narrow  school  or  section  of  it. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 
EASTBURN  (BISHOP)  on  THE  PHILIPPIANS.    8vo. 
ROBERTSON  (J.  S.  S.)  on  THE  PBILIPPIANS, 

TOLLBR  (T.  N.)  ON  THE  PHILIPPIANS. 

SMITH  CPvis)  ON  PHILIPPIAN  CHURCH  HISTORY. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  J.  Ifaskell,  Tower  Hill,  London,  E.G. 

COLLINSON'S  HISTORY  op  SOMERSET.    3  Vols.    4tO. 
WOOD'S  ATHENJB  OXONIENSES.    5  Vols.    4to. 
DUODALE'S  WARWICKSHIRE. 
HAKLUYT'S  VOTAOES. 
MABINOGION,  by  Lady  Guest. 

Wanted  by  Ifr.  Richard  Simpson,  10,  King  William  Street, 
Charing  Cross,  W.C. 


Books  received,  and  waiting  for  notice,  Lewin's  Siege  of  Jerusalem  by 
Titus;  Smiles's  Industrial  Biography:  Dr.  Prior's  Popular  Names  of 
British  Plants;  Life  and  Labours  of  Vincent  Novello;  Hart's  Chartu- 
lary  of  St.  Peter's,  Gloucester;  Stevenson's  Narrative  of  the  Expulsion 
of  the  English  from  Normandy,  $c. 

We  have  received  so  many  communications  lately  from  Correspondents, 
requesting  us  to  furnish  Replies  to  their  inquiries  by  private  letters,  that 
We  are  obliged  to  explain  that  it  is  quite  impossible  for  Us  to  comply 
with  any  such  requests. 

CLCTHA.  The  Act  19  Geo.  II.  cap.  21,  for  more  effectually  preventing 
profane  cursing  and  swearing  is  still  in  force,  with  the  exception  of  so 
much  of  it  as  directs  that  the  Act  shall  be  read  in  Church  four  times  in 
each  year,  which  was  repealed  by  4  Geo.  IV.  c.  31. 

EC.  W.  witt  find  the  line  — 

"  None  but  thyself  can  be  thy  parallel," 

in  The  Dunciad,book  iii.  1.  272.  as  it  was  first  written.  Pope  quotes  it 
from  The  Double  Falsehood,  which  Theobald,  who  edited  it  in  1788,  attri- 
buted to  Shakspeare  ;  Malone,  to  Massinger  ;  Farmer,  to  Shirley  ;  and 
Isaac  Seed  to  Theobald  himself. 

MORO  BENANI  should  specify  the  MS.,  and  say  how  he  wants  the  tran- 
script authenticated. 

F.  H.  will  find  an  ingenious  derivation  of  "  Snob  "  in  our  1st  S.  i.  250; 
and.  on  referring  to  our  General  Indices,  many  curious  illustrations  of 
"  Catting  a  Spade  a  Spade." 

X.  Y.  Z.  will  find  the  best  authorities  on  the  subject  of  John  Knox 
quoted  by  M'Crie,  in  his  Life  of  Knox. 

PATER  FAMILIAS  torB  procure  abandalore  at  any  old  established  toy- 
shop. It  is  still  a  very  common  toy. 

3.  PIKE.  The  seal,  of  which  our  Correspondent  has  sent  us  a  facsimile, 
exhibits  three  fieurs-de-lys,  and  the  merchant  mark  of  the  testator.  On 
the  subject  of  Merchant  Maries,  see  ante  p.  413. 

W.  P.  Stenconduit  Fields  is  clearly  another  form  of  Stttneconduit 
Fields,  the  name  by  which  White  Conduit  fields,  Pentonville,  was  known 
to  our  grandsires. 

GRADUATE  OF  CAMBRIDGE.  Abiographical  sketch  of  Abp.  Blackbuma 
appeared  in  our  last  volume,  p.  430. 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL.    The  article  (ante  p.  413)  was  already  in  type. 

MR.  W.  H.  WHITMORB  (present  residence  in  the  United  States  un- 
knowri)  is  apprised  that  a  tetter,  containing  particulars  concerning  his 
genealogy,  wot  posted  by  Mr.  ran  Ltnnej),  from  Zeyst,  to  his  former  ad- 
dress in  the  Mauritius,  on  the  1st  of  April  last. 

EHRATBM.  —  3rd  S.  iv.  p.  400,  col.  ii.  line  45,  dele  "  not." 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subswipt ion  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  11s.  id.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  i» 
favour  of  MESSRS.  BELL  AND  DALDY,  186,  FLEET  STREET,  E.G.,  to  whom 
all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOH  THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 

Full  benefit  of  reduced  fluty  obtained  by  purchasing  llorniuian's  Pure 
Tea;  very  choice  at  3s.  id.  and  is.  "High  Standard"  at  is.  id.  (for- 
merly 4s.  Sd.),  is  the  strongest  and  most  delicious  imported.  Agents  ill 
every  town  supply  it  in  Packets. 


S.  IV.  Nov.  21,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 
AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIEF  Oman  :  S,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTEB. 


H.  E.  Bicknell,  Esq. 

T.Somers  Cocks,  Esq.,  M.A..J.P. 

Geo.  H.  Drew.  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.  Howard,  D.C.L. 

James  Hunt,  Esq. 

John  Leigh,  Esq. 

Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 

F.B.  Marson.Esq. 

E.  VansittartNeale,Esq.,M.A 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Jas.  Lys  Seager, Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White,  Esq. 


Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary — Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society  s  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Kates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONDS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persona  entering 
within  tne  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MEDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated, in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOR  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14». 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


OSTEO      E  I   3>  O   If. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

pABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

\Jf  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 

27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 
134,  Duke  Street, Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 

Consultations  gratis.  For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth.  Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 


MR.  HOWARD,  SURGEON-DENTIST,  52, 
FLEET-STREET,  has  introduced  an  ENTIRELY  NEW 
DESCRIPTION  of  ARTIFICIAL  TEETH,  fixed  without  springs, 
wires,  or  ligatures.  They  so  perfectly  resemble  the  natural  teeth  as 
not  to  be  distinguished  from  the  originals  by  the  closest  observer  ;  they 
will  never  change  colour  or  decay,  and  will  be  found  superior  to  any 
teeth  ever  before  used.  This  method  does  not  require  the  extraction  of 
roots,  or  any  painful  operation,  and  will  support  and  preserve  teeth 
that  are  loose,  and  is  guaranteed  to  restore  articulation  and  mastica- 
tion. Decayed  teeth  stopped  and  rendered  sound  and  useful  in  mas- 
tication.-62.  Fleet  Street. 


PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

JT  MAGNOLIA,  WHITfc  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM, PAiCHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  JNEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1 ,000  others.  2s.  6d.  each — 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 

SOLLOWAY'S  OINTMENT  AND  PILLS.— 
THROAT  AFFECTIONS — At  no  season  have  throat  maladies 
more  numerous  or  more  dangerous  than  at  the  present  time, 
simple  sore  throat,  hoarseness,  relaxed  uvula,  quinsey,  and  diphtheria, 
may  be  treated  most  successfully  by  fomenting  the  neck  and  chest  with 
warm  water,  aud  afterwards  diligently  rubbing  in  Holloway's  Oint- 
ment. Moderately  aperient  doses  of  his  Pills  should  form  a  part  of 
this  easy  treatment.  Both  Ointment  and  Pills  are  adapted  to  people  of 
all  ages  and  every  condition;  the  operations  of  both  are  so  gentle  that 
they  will  not  shock  the  most  delicate  lady  or  most  sensitive  child.  The 
instructions  wrapped  round  each  pot  aud  box  are  so  brief  and  intel- 
ligible that  any  nursery  attendant  can  apply  them. 


THE  LIVERPOOL  AND  LONDON  FIRE  AND 
LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

At  the  ANNUAL  MEETING  of  the  Proprietors  in  this  Company, 
held  on  Thursday,  25th  of  February,  1863, 

JAMES  ASPINALL  TOBIN,  Esq.,  in  the  Chair. 

The  Report  of  the  Directors  for  the  year  1862  was  read;  it  showed:— 

That  the  Fire  Premiums  of  the  year  were       -  £ 436,065   o   0 

Against  those  in  1861,  which  were     -----       360,131    o   o 


Giving  an  increase  in  1862  of     ------  £75,934  0  0 

That  the  new  Life  business  comprised  the  issue  of  785 

Policies,  insuring     --------  467,334  0  0 

On  which  the  annual  premiums  were     '-  13,935  711 

That  there  was  added  to  the  Life  reserve         -  79,27711  4 

That  the  balance  of  undivided  profit  was  increased    -  25,725  9  7 

That  the  invested  funds  of  the  Company  amounted  to  -  1,417,808  8  4 

In  reference  to  the  very  large  increase  of  476,000  in  the  Fire  Premiums 
of  the  year,  it  was  remarked  in  the  Report:  "  The  Premiums  paid  to  a 
company  are  the  measure  of  that  company's  business  of  all  kinds ;  the 
Directors,  therefore,  prefer  that  test  of  progress  to  any  the  duty  col- 
lected may  afford,  as  that  applies  to  only  a  part  of  a  company's  busi- 
ness; and  a  large  share  of  that  part  may  be,  and  often  is,  re-insured 
with  other  offices.  In  this  view  the  yearly  addition  to  the  Fire  Pre- 
miums of  the  Liverpool  and  London  Company  must  be  very  gratifying 
to  the  proprietors." 

SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 

JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 


IMPERIAL  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY, 

JL  1,  OLD  BROAD  STREET,  B.C. 

Instituted  A.D.  1820. 

A  SUPPLEMENT  to  the  PROSPECTUS,  showing  the  advantages 
of  the  Bonus  System,  may  be  had  on  application  to 

SAMUEL  INGALL,  Actuary. 


A  New  and  Valuable  Preparation  of  Cocoa. 

FRY  '  S 

ICELAND     MOSS     COCOA, 

In  1  lb.,  Jib.,  and  Jib.  packets. 

Sold  by  Grocers  and  Druggists. 

J.  S.  FRY  &  SONS,  Bristol  and  London. 


CAPTAIN    WHITE'S 

ORIENTAL  PICKLE,  CURRY,  or  MULLIGA- 
TAWNY PASTE. 

Curry  Powder,  and  Curry  Sauce,  may  be  obtained  from  all  Sauce- 
Vendors,  and  Wholesale  of 

CROSSE  &  BLACKWELL,  Purveyors  to  the  Queen,  Soho  Square, 
London. 


SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 
"THE    ONLY    GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  FERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  FERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
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»»*  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester; 
MESSRS.  CROSSE  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS,  London,  &c.,  &c. ;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 


JC.  and  J.  FIELD,  Original  Manufacturers  (in 
t  England)  of  PARAFFINE  CANDLES,  to  whom  the  prize 
medal  (1862)  has  been  awarded,  and  their  Candles  adopted  bv  her 
Majesty's  Government  for  use  at  the  Military  Stations  abroad.  These 
Candles  can  be  obtained  of  all  Chandlers  and  Grocers  in  the  United 
Kingdom.  Price  Is.  8rf.  per  Ib.  Also  Field's  celebrated  United  Service 
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Field's  label  is  on  the  packets  or  boxes.  Wholesale  only,  and  for 
Exportation,  Upper  Marsh,  Lambeth,  London,  S. 


Dinneford's  Pure  Fluid  Magnesia 

Has  been,  during  twenty-five  years,  emphatically  sanctioned  by  the 
Medical  Profession,  and  universally  accepted  by  the  Public,  as  the 

Best  Remedy  for  Acidity  of  the  Stomach ,  Heartburn ,  Headache,  Gout , 
and  Indigestion,  and  as  a  Mild  Aperient  for  delicate  constitutions,  more 
especially  for  Ladies  and  Children.  When  combined  with  the  Acidu- 

ated  Lemon  Syrup,  it  forms  an  AGREEABLE  EFFERVESCING  DRAUGHT, 

n  which  its  Aperient  qualities  are  much  increased.  During  Hot 
Seasons,  and  in  Hot  Climates,  the  regular  use  of  this  simple  andelegant 
remedy  has  been  found  highly  beneficial.  It  is  prepared  (in  a  state 
of  perfect  purity  and  of  uniform  strength)  by  DINNEFORD  it  CO., 
172,  New  Bond  Street,  London:  aud  sold  by  all  respectable  Chemists 
throughout  the  World. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  [8«  s.  iv.  NOV.  21,  '63. 

MESSRS.  BELL  &  DALDY'S  NEW  WORKS. 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


425 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  NOr EMBER  28,  1863. 


CONTENTS. —No.  100. 

NOTES: — Post-mortem  Examination  of  an  English  Prince, 
425  —  Original  unpublished  Letter  of  the  Father  of  the 
Author  of  "  The  Grave,"  426  —  Early  Surnames,  427  — 
Hcntzner's  Visit  to  England,  1598,  428  — The  Regale  of 
France  &c.,  429  —  Hone's  "  House  that  Jack  Built,"  Ib. 

MINOR  NOTES  :  —  Interesting  Relics  of  Luther  and  Bunyan 
—  Remarkable  Inscription  in  the  Cemetery  of  Pere  la 
Chaise  —  Tedded  Grass  —  Hedingham  Registers— Poem 
by  the  Ettrick  Shepherd  —  F.  A.  Tewis  —  The  Lord  Mayor 
of  London :  Swearing  in  under  Special  Circumstances  — 
The  late  Alderman  Cubitt,  430. 

QUERIE  S :  —  Early  Aquarium — Bowden  of  Frome  —  Copies 
of  the  Complutensian  Polyglott  on  Vellum  —  Abraham 
Crocker — Churches  in  the  Highlands  —  Cowthorpe  Oak  — 
Dale,  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  —  Ehret,  Flower 
Painter  —  Haudasyde  —  Rev.  Joseph  Hunter  —  King's 
County,  Ireland  —  Irish  Union  —  John  Milton — O'Reilly 
at  Algiers  —  Portrait  Painters  —  Printed  Visitations  — 
St.  Mary,  the  Egyptian  :  Curious  Painting  on  Glass  —  The 
Tradition  of  the  Wooden  Bell — Archbishop  Whately  and 
Whateleiana,  431. 

QUERIES  •WITH  ANSWERS  :— Parish  Boundary  —  Sir  "William 
Moreton  —  Geoffrey  Vann  —  John  Barefoot  —  Phil  or  Pill 
Garlick  —  "  Hang  upon  his  Lips,"  433. 

REPLIES:  — Bibliography  of  the  CoUier-Congreve  Contro- 
versy, &c..  435  —  Angelic  Vision  of  the  Dying,  Ib. —  Mano- 
rial Rights  —  Sir  John  Wenlock :  Lord  Wenlock  —  Boating 
Proverb  —  Paul  Jones  —  Bowles  —  Robert  Trollop —  Danc- 
ing in  Slippers  —  Modern  Corruptions  —  Coronets  used  by 
the  French  Noblesse  —  The  Company  of  Merchants'  Ad- 
venturers—  The  Use  of  Several  Crests  —  Mitrnatition  — 
Executions  for  Murder,  &c.,  436. 

Notes  on  Books.  &c. 


POST-MORTEM  EXAMINATION  OF  AN  ENGLISH 

PRINCE. 
In  — 

"  The  Life  of  Henry,  Prince  of  Wales,  Eldest  Son  of 
King  James  I.,  compiled  chiefly  from  his  own  Papers, 
and  other  MSS.  never  before  published.  By  Thos.  Birch, 
D.D.,  Secretary  of  the  Royal  Society,"  (London,  1760)  — 

the  compiler,  in  his  Preface,  has  the   following 
passage :  — 

"  That  piece,  "which  professes  to  be  an  account  of  The 
Life  and  Death  of  Prince  Henry,  though  written  by  Sir 
Charles  Cornwallis,  whose  situation  in  his  Court  as  Trea- 
surer of  his  Household  might  have  enabled  him  fully  to 
inform  himself  and  posterity,  is  a  mere  pamphlet,  ex- 
tremely superficial  and  unsatisfactory  on  almost  every 
head ;  what  relates  to  the  Prince's  life  amounting  to  but 
a  few-  pages,  and  the  remainder  containing  only  the  cir- 
cumstances of  his  last  sickness  and  character ;  which  last, 
indeed,  in  that  and  another  discourse  by  the  same  hand, 
is  drawn  with  force  and  precision." 

Dr.  Birch  here  refers  to  — 

"  An  Account  of  the 'Baptism,  Life,  Death,  and  Funeral 
of  Frederick  Henry,  Prince  of  Wales."  London,  1751, 
8vo. 

And  to  — 

"  A  Discourse  of  the  most  Illustrious  Prince  Henry, 
late  Prince  of  Wales.  Written  Anno  1626."  London, 
1641,  4to. 

This  latter  tract  I  have  read  as  reprinted  in 
the  Harl.  Miscellany ;  but  I  have  sought  in  vain 


in  several  large  public  libraries  for  Sir  Charles 
Cornwallis's  Account  of  the  Baptism,  &c. 

I  should  be  glad  if  any  of  your  readers  would 
favour  me  with  the  loan  for  a  week,  through  the 
post,  of  this  octavo  pamphlet,  for  the  purpose  of 
collation  with  a  MS.  volume  now  in  my  posses- 
sion, on  the  same  subject,  but  bearing  a  different 
author's  name.  It  is  a  small  quarto  volume 
(pp.  120)  in  vellum  cover,  in  a  neat  handwriting 
of  the  period,  and  commences  with  a  dedication  : 
"  To  the  worshipful  favourer  of  learning  and  arts, 
my  worthy  approved  good  friend,  Mr.  Thomas 
Chapman  ;"  with  an  aspiration,  that  "  the  title  o' 
honoured  Mecsenas  may  be  engraven  in  brass  or 
marble  over  your  tomb ;"  and  this  dedication  is 
signed,  "Your  true  honourer,  JOHN  HAWKINS." 
My  reason  for  drawing  attention  to  this  MS.  is, 
that  I  find,  from  collating  it  with  Dr.  Birch's 
book,  that  the  latter  prints  very  long  passages 
agreeing  with  this  MS.  almost  verbatim,  yet  cites 
all  these  as  from  Cornwallis.  These  commence 
in  Birch's  Life,  &c.  (p.  182),  and  extend  (with 
interpolated  matter,  especially  as  to  foreign  affairs 
and  correspondence,)  to  p.  409 ;  the  citations 
extending  from  Cornwallis,  p.  12  to  p.  82.  The 
chief  differences  between  Birch  and  the  MS.  are 
in  curtailment  and  modernising  some  phrases ; 
but  here  and  there  are  what  seem  to  me  to  be 
errors  of  Birch  or  his  transcriber ;  as  p.  183, 
where  the  Prince,  under  his  title  of  "  Mceliades," 
is  said  to  be  able  "  lineally  to  derive  his  pedigree 
from  the  famous  Knights  of  this  isle,"  the  MS. 
has  "  Kings ;"  and,  doubtless,  more  correctly.  In 
the  same  page  the  actors  in  a  tourney  are  called 
"  assailants  and  combatants;"  in  the  MS.  "  assail- 
ants and  defendants."  Birch  (p.  333)  speaks  of  a 
fever  then  raging  as  "  from  its  unusual  symptoms 
called  The  Disease."  The  MS.  has  "The  New 
Disease."  The  words,  "  which  Sir  Charles  Corn- 
wallis inclined  to  think"  (Birch,  p.  341),  are 
substituted  for  those  in  the  Hawkins  MS., 
"  which  /  rather  imagine."  Without  further  oc- 
cupying your  space  with  these  minutice,  1  shall 
be  much  obliged  for  any  aid  in  solving  the 
questions,  whether  Hawkins  merely  copied  Corn- 
wallis, or  Cornwallis  appropriated  Hawkins  ?  for 
the  numerous  long  passages  in  precisely  the  same 
words,  in  Birch  and  the  MS.,  utterly  preclude  the 
supposition  that  Cornwallis  and  Hawkins  wrote 
separate  and  independent  accounts  of  the  same 
facts  and  circumstances.  Then,  who  were  John 
Hawkins  and  his  "  Mecasnas  "  Thos.  Chapman  ? 

The  greatest  variance  I  find  throughout  is  in 
the  report  of  the  post-mortem  examination  of  the 
Prince  by  the  physicians  and  surgeons.  Dr. 
Birch  prints  it  (from  Cott.  MS.,  Vespas.  F.  ix. 
fol.  151)  as  follows  :  — 

"  After  opening  of  the  most  illustrious  Prince,  we  ob- 
served these  things :  — 
"  1.  That  his  liver  was  more  pale  than  it  should  be 


426 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  Nov.  28,  '63. 


and  in  divers  places  wan,  and  like  lead ;  and  the  gall- 
bladder was  without  gall  and  choler,  and  full  of  wind. 

"  2.  His  spleen  was  in  divers  places  unnaturally  black. 

"  3.  His  stomach  was  without  any  manner  of  fault  or 
imperfection. 

"  4.  His  midriff  was  in  many  places  blackish. 

"  5.  His  lungs  were  black  and  in  many  places  spotted, 
and  full  of  much  corruption. 

"  6.  He  had  the  veins  of  the  hinder  part  of  his  head 
too  full  of  blood,  and  the  passages  and  hollow  places  of 
his  brain  full  of  much  clear  water. 

"  The  truth  of  this  relation  we  make  good  by  the  sub- 
scription of  our  names,  November  7, 1612:  — 

"T.  MAYERNE,  HENRY  ATKYNS, 

JOHN  HAMMOND,  RICH.  PALMER, 

Jo.  GIFFORD,  WM.  BUTLER." 

Compare  the  above  with  the  following  in  the 
Hawkins  MS.,  pp.  86—89  :  — 

"  .  .  .  .  the  opening  of  his  body,  which  was  the  same 
night  effected,  about  five  a'clock  in  the  evening,  in  pre- 
sence of  the  Phisicians  and  Chirurgeons  who  assisted  the 
cure  ( !),  together  with  the  Phisician  of  the  Prince  Pal- 
latyne,  with  many  other  knightes  and  gentlemen,  in 
the  chamber  where  he  died,  by  the  Chirurgeons  of  his 
Maiesty  and  his  late  Highnes.  The  relac'on  whereof,  as 
it  was  sent  vnto  h  is  JUaiesty  vnder  all  theire  handes,  is 
as  followeth :  — 

"  The  skyn,  like  that  of  a  dead  man,  bleake,  no  way 
spotted  with  blackness  or  pale  markes,  much  less  marked 
with  Purples  like  flea-bites,  which  could  shew  any  con- 
tagious or  pestelentiall  venome.  About  the  place  of  his 
kidneyes,  hippes,  and  behinde  the  thighes,  full  of  red- 
nesse,  by  reason  that  with  great  payne  he  had  a  long 
while  lien  upon  his  backe.  His  belly  somewhat  swolne 
and  stretched  out,  by  reason  of  the  wyndynesse,  which 
issued  out  of  the  smallest  opening  made  in  the  navell 
(somewhat  high  naturally),  incontinently  the  belly  fall- 
ing. The  stomach  whole  and  wholsome  within  and  with- 
out, having  never  ben  all  his  sicknes  time  troubled  with 
vomyttinges,  loathinges,  yexinges,  or  any  other  accident 
which  could  particularly  shew  that  it  was  attainted. 
The  liver,  without,  in  his  highest  partes,  marked  with 
small  spottes;  and  in  the  lower  with  fall  [?  small] 
blackish  lynes,  much  paler  and  blacker  then  was  fitting. 
The  gall-bladder  void  of  any  humor,  full  of  winde.  The 
spleene  on  the  topp  and  in  the  lower  end  blackish,  fil'd 
with  a  heavy  black  blood.  The  kidneyes  faire,  and  without 
any  blemishe.  The  midrife,  under  the  filme  or  mem- 
brane contayning  the  heart  (which  contayned  to  little 
moisture),  spotted  with  black,  as  it  were  a  leadish  cullor, 
by  reason  of  the  bruising.  The  lunges  almost  for  the 
greatest  parte  black,  all  imbrued  and  full  of  an  adust 
blood,  with  a  corrupt  and  thick  serosity ;  which,  by  a 
vent  made  in  the  body  of  the  lunges,  came  forthe  foam- 
ing in  great  aboundance.  In  which  doinge,  and  in  cut- 
ting the  small  skyn  which  invyroneth  the  heart  (to  shew 
the  same),  the  Chirurgeon  by  chaunce  having  cut  the 
trunck  of  the  great  vayne,  the  most  part  of  the  blood 
issued  out  into  the  chest,  leaving  the  lower  vaynes  emptv, 
upon  sight  whereof  the  company  did  draw  consequentes 
of  and  [sic]  extreame  heat  and"  fullnes :  the  which  ap- 
peared yet  more  evident  in  this,  that  the  windepipe,  with 
the  throate  and  tounge,  were  covered  with  a  thick  black- 
nesse;  and,  amoungst  other  accidents,  the  tounge  cleft 
and  dry  in  many  places.  The  heart  sound  and  fayre  in 
all  appearance,  good  in  all  quallityes.  The  hinder  veynes, 
which  are  in  the  inmost  filme  of  the  brayne  (called  Pia 
mater),  swolne  and  stuft  with  aboundance  of  blood,  a 
great  deale  more  then  naturall.  The  substance  of  the 
brayne  fayre  and  cleane ;  but  the  ventricles  thereof  full 


of  a  cleere  water,  which  after  the  incision  came  forth 
in  great  aboundance.  One  part  of  which  accidents 
(as  they  thought)  was  ingendred  only  by  reason  of 
the  fever  (maligne  only  by  reason  of  the  putrifacc'on 
of  divers  humors,  gathered  together  of  a  long  tymc  be- 
fore), his  hignes  not  being  subiect  to  any  dangerous 
sicknes  by  birth.  The  other  part,  by  reason  of  the  con- 
vulsions, resyngs,  and  benvinnges  ( ?  heavings),  which 
by  reason  of  the  fulnes,  choaking  the  naturall  heate,  and 
destroying  the  vitalles,  by  their  malignity,  have  con- 
veyed his  highnes  to  the  grave,  without  "any  token  or 
accident  of  poyson."  * 

This  last  word  must  be  the  apology  for  so  long 
an  extract  of  so  technical  a  character.  It  was  a 
current  belief  at  the  time,  that  Prince  Henry  was 
poisoned.  In  Burnet's  History  of  his  Own  Time 
(vol.  i.  p.  10),  the  Bishop  says  he  was  assured  by 
Col.  Titus,  that  he  had  heard  Charles  I.  declare, 
that  the  Prince  his  brother  was  poisoned  by  the 
means  of  the  Viscount  Rochester,  afterwards  Earl 
of  Somerset.  This  elaborate  examination  of  the 
body,  however,  by  the  most  eminent  surgeons  of 
the  time,  sets  this  question  at  rest ;  and  it  is  re- 
markable that  this  long  and  minute  account  of 
the  proceeding  (evidently  written  by  one  of  the 
medical  men  present),  should  afterwards  be  re- 
duced to  the  curt  summary,  authenticated  by 
their  signatures,  as  printed  by  Birch.  Again 
asking  for  information  as  to  the  MS.,  and  for  the 
loan  of  Cornwallis's  Life  of  the  Prince,  I  am, 
Sir,  &c.  J.  HARLAND. 

Swinton,  Manchester. 


ORIGINAL  UNPUBLISHED  LETTER  OF  THE 
FATHER  OF  THE  AUTHOR  OF  "  THE  GRAVE." 

The  writer  of  the  following  letter  was  the  son 
of  Robert  Blair,  the  youngest  son  of  John  Blair, 
of  Windyedge,  in  Ayrshire,  by  Beatrix  Muir. 
The  father  was  a  distinguished  divine  of  the  time ; 
so  much  so,  that  he  was  one  of  the  three  clergy- 
men selected  to  meet  Cromwell  at  Edinburgh  on 
the  subject  of  uniformity  of  religion.  He  died, 
Aug.  27,  1666,  in  the  seventy-third  year  of  his 
age. 

David,  his  son,  was  the  father  of  the  author  of 
The  Grave,  and  very  little  is  known  of  him,  ex- 
cepting that  he  was  one  of  the  royal  chaplains  in 
Scotland,  and  one  of  the  ministers  of  Edinburgh. 
The  present  letter  shows  that  he  had  been  abroad, 
and  had  there  met  with  the  heir  of  Calder,  who 
had  .been  left  at  Blois  in  an  awkward  predicament, 
in  consequence  of  the  unexpected  demise  of  his 
governor.  The  Rev.  David  married  a  lady  of  the 
name  of  Nisbet,  a  daughter  of  Mr.  Nisbet,  of 

[*  This  extract  from  Hawkins's  MS.  is  printed  in  An 
Account  of  the  Baptism,  Life,  Death,  and  Funeral  of 
Prince  Henry,  by  Sir  Charles  Cornwallis,  8vo,  1751,  pp. 
44,  45  (two  copies  of  which  are  in  the  British  Museum)  ; 
also  in  Somers's  Tracts,  by  Scott,  edit.  1809,  vol.  ii.  pp. 
244,  245.— ED.] 


3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  28,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


427 


Carfin.  What  success  be  had  in  his  very  well 
written  appeal  to  Lady  Campbell  of  Calder  has 
not  been  ascertained. 

His  son,  the  poet,  is  said  to  have  been  born  in 
1 699.  In  1 73 1  he  was  ordained  minister  of  Athel- 
staneford  (in  the  county  of  Haddington)  —  pro- 
nounced by  the  country  people  "  Elshenford  "  — 
a  remarkable  corruption,  almost  as  much  so  as 
that  of  Cockburnspath  into  Coppersmith.  He 
married  Isabella,  a  daughter  of  Mr.  Law  of  El- 
vingston,  Professor  of  Moral  Philosophy  in  the 
University  of  Edinburgh.  Their  fourth  son  be- 
came Lord  President  of  the  Court  of  Session. 

Sir  Hugh  Campbell  of  Calder  married  Lady 
Henrietta  Stewart,  and  by  her  had  Alexander,  who 
espoused  an  English  Lady,  Elizabeth  Lort,  daugh- 
ter of  Lady  Susanna  Lort,  of  Turnham  Green.  By 
marriage  articles,  dated  Sept.  20,  1688,  Sir  Hugh 
became  bound  to  provide  his  estate  in  Scotland 
to  the  heir  male  of  the  marriage  "  to  the  yearly 
avail  of  2.500/.,"  1000Z.  for  the  lady's  maintenance, 
and  the  remainder  to  be  liferented  by  himself. 

Sir  Alexander  predeceased  his  father,  dying  in 
1696.  Sir  Hugh  survived  till  1705.  He  granted 
a  bond  of  provision  to  his  youngest  son,  Captain 
John  Campbell,  payable  at  Martinmas,  1710.  The 
Captain  died  before  the  term  of  payment,  leaving 
a  widow,  whose  maiden  name  was  Ruth  Pollok. 
Lady  Campbell,  formerly  Lort,  was  dead  before 
1714,  as  in  an  opinion  given  by  Sir  David  Dal- 
rymple,  dated  Nov.  16,  1714,  she  is  stated  not  to 
have  been  then  alive.  There  are  receipts,  how- 
ever, under  her  own  hand,  showing  she  was  alive, 
January  1712-13. 

"  Madame, —  It  might  be  justly  thought  rudeness  and 
indiscretion  in  a  person  altogether  a  stranger  and  unac- 
quainted, to  write  to  your  Ladyship  about  anything, 
were  it  not  that  I  am  required  thereunto  by  my  very  law- 
full  superiours,  the  ministers  and  elders,  Commissioners  of 
the  late  Generall  Assembly  of  the  Church  of  Scotland, 
who  have  appointed  me  to  represent  to  your  Ladyship 
that  Mr.  John  Campbell,  minister  of  Killarow,  and  Mr. 
James  Macourich,  Minister  of  Kildalton,  both  in  the 
Island  of  Ila,  have  very  small  stipends  or  salaries,  not 
above  700  merks  Scots  each,  that  is,  in  English  money 
short  of  40  pounds,  which  is  not  a  competence  to  them  to 
maintain  their  families  upon,  and  to  defray  the  charges 
of  travelling  about  the  public  affairs  of  the  Church,  in 
attending  the  meetings  of  Presbyteries  and  Synods,  and 
in  visiting  the  remoter  churches,  where  they  must  carry 
their  provisions  with  them  by  boat  for  theirmaintenance, 
and  the  like  publick  services  for  promoting  and  advancing 
the  Gospel  of  Christ:  And  withal  that  there  are  free 
ty  thes  in  their  several  parishes,  sufficient  for  allowing  com- 
petent stipends,  which  a  Commission  of  Parliament  would 
readily  grant  upon  a  legall  pursute.  But  the  ministers 
are  not  inclined  to  take  that  course,  if  they  could  do  other- 
ways.  I  am  therefore  further  appointed  by  my  said  law- 
ful superiours,  in  their  names,  tointreat  and  beseech  your 
Ladiship,  seeing  you  are  at  present  in  possession  of  the 
whole  island,  that" for  the  love  you  bear  to  the  Lord  Jesus 
Christ,  and  for  the  good  affection  you  have  always  showed 
to  the  true  Religion,  and  the  propagating  and  advancing 
thereof,  you  may  be  pleased,  out  of  the  abundance  with 
which  God  hath  blessed  you,  to  allow  competent  stipend 


to  those  two  ministers,  and  accordingly  to  give  orders  to 
your  Factors  and  Chamberlains  concerning  the  same. 

"  Hitherto  I  have  written  in  the  name  of  others ;  will 
you,  Madame,  now  give  me  leave  to  say  something  in 
mine  own  name.  I  do  conjecture  the  reason  of  my  being 
pitched  upon  by  others,  out  of  the  whole  number,  to 
write  this  letter,  may  import  the  acquaintance  I  had  with 
that  worthie  and  accomplish!  gentleman,  the  late  Sir 
Alexander  Campbell  of  Calder,  whom  I  had  the  honour 
to  be  known  unto,  both  at  home,  and  abroad  beyond  the 
seas ;  but  especially  abroad  at  Blois,  in  France,  when  he 
was  a  stranger  and  very  young,  and  left  alone  by  reason 
of  the  death  of  his  tutor  or  governor,  and  then  I  was 
someway  useful  to  him  by  council  and  advice,  till  speedily 
he  got  another  governor.  And  when  at  home  that  he 
was  become  a  man,  as  I  had  occasion  sometime  to  see 
him,  so  at  other  times,  1  have  heard  him  speak  to  very 
good  purpose  in  a  very  great  meeting,  the  Parliament 
of  Scotland,  whereof  he  was  a  member,  with  generall 
good  liking  and  applause.  May  God  all  sufficient  make 
up  the  loss  of  that  rare  man,  both  to  his  country  in 
generall,  and  to  your  Ladiship  in  particular,  by  the  be- 
stowing of  the  choicest  of  his  blessings  both  of  Heaven 
and  earth  on  your  person,  on  your  hopeful  son,  the  heir 
of  that  considerable  family,  and  on  all  your  other  children. 
These  are  the  wishes  and  desires  of 
"  Madame, 

"  Your  Ladyship's  servant  in  our  Lord  Jesus, 

"  D.  BLAIR. 

"  Madame, — When  you  are  pleased  to  give  a  return,  the 
direction  may  be,  for"Mr.  Blair,  one  of  the  ministers  of 
the  gospel  in  Edinburgh. 

"  Edinburgh,  August  31, 1706. 

"  Madame — I  begg  leave  to  adde  a  short  word  of  a 
necessary  postscript.  I  had  written  a  letter  to  your  Lady- 
ship to  the  same  purpose,  in  the  latter  end  of  May  last : 
at  that  same  time  there  was  another  letter  of  the  like 
nature  from  the  ministers  in  Argyle  province.  But  as  I 
now  perceive,  both  letters  were  by  mistake  directed  to 
Russel  Street,  in  Covent  Garden,  instead  of  Bloomsbury. 
That  other  letter  from  the  Ministers  of  Argyle  may  yet 
be  found  possibly  at  the  generall  post  house  if  called  for 
by  a  servant.  Madame,  you  will,  of  your  goodness, 
pardon  this  trouble."* 

Sir  Hugh  Campbell  was  the  author  of  An 
Essay  upon  the  Lord's  Prayer,  originally  printed 
in  1704,  and  reprinted  at  Edinburgh  in  1709,  by 
"  Mr.  Andrew  Symson,  by  the  author's  express 
order."  Prefixed  is  a  collection  of  letters  relative 
to  [the  essay,  chiefly  written  by  Sir  Hugh,  and 
addressed  to  the  heads  of  the  Presbyterian  church, 
with  a  few  answers  from  Principal  Carstairs,  Mr. 
William  Wishart,  Moderator  of  the  General  As- 
sembly, &c.  &c.  This  volume,  which  is  dedicated 
to  Queen  Anne,  is  of  somewhat  rare  occurrence. 

J.  M. 


EARLY  SURNAMES. 
[NO.  in.] 

In  returning,  for  the  third  time,  to  my  notes  on 
Early  Surnames,  I  believe  I  cannot  do  better 
than  usher  in  my  new  list  with  the  most  sovereign 
title  I  can  anywhere  discover — Emperor.  Wil- 
liam le  Emperur  (on  the  authority  of  an  assize 
roll  for  divers  counties)  was  mayor  or  praapositus 


428 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  28,  '63. 


of  Kenn,  in  Bucks,  circa  37  Hen.  III.  This  name 
is  to  be  met  with  in  modern  times,  and  Mr.  Lower 
holds  that  it  is  a  translation  of  ISEmpriere,  but  I 
see  no  reason,  now  that  we  have  stumbled  on  our 
little  village  chief,  to  deduce  it  from  the  source 
whence  he  claims  it  to  be  derived. 

The  following  names  are  selected  from  miscel- 
laneous Assize  Rolls,  temp.  Hen.  III. :  — 

Robert  Noveregod,  Suffolk,  anno  34  Hen.  III. 

Thomas  Bulfinch,  Kent,  anno  34.  In  the  same 
year  and  county  a  kindred  songster,  let  us  hope, 
warbled  quite  in  tune — viz.  John  Goldefinch. 

Northamptonshire,  anno  34,  possessed  a  Henry 
de  la  Charite.  Whether  he  was  a  benefactor  to 
the  human  race,  a  thirteenth  century  Peabody  in 
fact,  or  but  a  poor  foundling  lad  put  to  school  and 
educated  in  the  cause  of  benevolence,  is  of  course 
now  a  mystery. 

We  have  plenty  of  Normans  in  England,  but  I 
do  not  remember  having  come  across  a  Southman 
before  I  found  a  William  Suthman  in  a  Suffolk 
law  suit,  34  Hen.  III. 

Roger  and  John  Lyf  existed  in  Hampshire  in 
the  foregoing  year. 

Robert  Servelayedy  (Serve-Lady)  at  the  same 
period  attended  on  his  mistress,  diligently  or  other- 
wise. I  trust  his  wages  were  regularly  paid. 

I  may  add  Walter  Turnepeny  to  the  large 
number  of  Pennies,  in  every  conceivable  form, 
who  "  drew  breath  in  this  mortal  sphere,"  as  the 
penny-a-liners  have  it,  in  1200.  I  wish  to  give 
him  credit  for  being  honest  in  all  his  commercial 
transactions. 

Charming  damsels,  whose  loving  dam  sells,  or 
(at  all  events)  tries  to  sell,  them  at  archery  fetes 
(more  correctly  fates),  should  be  glad  to  know 
that  Walter  Wudebow  shot  in  ^Yorkshire  six  cen- 
turies ago.  Ah !  and  what  was  perhaps  worse,  was 
pierced  through  the  heart's  core  by  feminine  eyes 
when  he  was  fooled  into  speeding  an  arrow  at  a 
buck  or  target  in  the  society  of  some  members  of  the 
fair  sex,  who  never  did,  and  never  would,  take  an 
unfair  advantage  of  anyone  !  "  Now  this  twaddle 
is  very  vulgar — stop  it,  Sir !  Chivalry's  gone ;  but 
you  needn't  be  rude  to  the  ladies.  For  shame, 
Sir  !  "  (Irritable  old  gentleman  wheezes,  and  in- 
hales fresh  air  to  continue  his  censure.) 

St.  Dunstan  once  pulled  the  nose  of  a  person, 
who,  if  truth  is  truth,  too  often  pulls  our  noses ; 
but  that  is  neither  here  nor  there.  Richard  Dun- 
stan is  here  though,  and,  as  a  Yorkshireman,  de- 
mands why  I  have  treated  his  namesake  with  levity. 
Defendant  pleads  "  Not  guilty."  Verdict  of  the 
jury :  "  Offence  not  proven."  Dicky  Dunstan  was 
alive  35-6  Hen.  III.,  but  is  enabled  to  reappear  in 
'63  to  abuse  us,  owing  to  the  mechanical  apparatus 
of  Professor  Pepper. 

I  am  at  a  loss  to  rake  up  a  derivation  for  Wal- 
ter le  Waterledere-of  courity  Berks,  anno  37. 

Of  the  Shakspearean  class  of  surname,  we  find 


a  new  instance  in  the  person  of  one  Roger  Leve- 
launce  or  Lenelaunce  of  Warwickshire,  anno  37. 

Walter  Godsweyn  (Good-swain,  Good-lover) 
was  a  native  of  Suffolk,  anno  37  Hen.  III.  When 
married  we  will  imagine  he  proved  a  worthy  hus- 
band. It  is  always  best  to  be  charitable,  as  a 
partial  set  off  against  the  occasionally  over  sour- 
ness of  the  Saturday,  the  animus  of  Exeter  Hall, 
the  United  Kingdom  Alliance,  and  sectarian  ana- 
themas. Godsweyl  (Roger)  bears  a  family  like- 
ness to  Godsweyn,  but  I  must  let  abler  heads  than 
mine  trace  out  its  signification.  It  figures  in  the 
M.  A.  Roll  38  Hen.  III.,  county  Hants.  ¥.  ¥. 


HENTZNER'S  VISIT  TO  ENGLAND,   1598. 

Paul  Hentzner,  in  his  Itinerariurn  Germanise, 
Galliot,  Anglice,  Italia,  Noribergae,  1629,  gives  an 
account  of  this  visit,  a  translation  of  which,  edited 
by  Horace  Walpole,  was  printed  at  Strawberry 
Hill,  1757. 

Horace  Walpole,  however,  by  omitting  the  mar- 
ginal dates  which  Hentzner  himself  gives,  misses 
an  interesting  point.  It  would  seem  that  the 
whole  of  the  time  he  spent  in  England  did  not 
amount  to  one  month — viz.  from  August  29  to 
September  24,  of  which  fourteen  days  were  spent 
in  London.  Considering  how  few  were  the  facili- 
ties for  travelling  in  those  days,  he  seems  to  have 
got  over  the  ground  very  quickly,  and  it  is  not  to 
be  wondered  at  that  his  descriptions  should  not  be 
very  accurate.  On  August  29,  he  reached  the 
port  of  Rye  in  the  evening ;  dined  the  next  day 
at  Flimwell,  and  supped  at  Chepsted;  reached 
London  on  the  31st,  and  left  it  on  September  6, 
for  Greenwich.  On  the  8th  he  saw  Theobalds, 
dined  at  Hodsdon,  and  supped  at  Puckeridge  ; 
spent  the  9th  at  Cambridge,  the  10th  at  Ampthill. 
On  the  llth  he  dined  at  Aylesbury,  and  supped 
at  Wheatley ;  spent  the  12th  at  Oxford,  the  13th  at 
Woodstock  and  Henley,  the  14th  at  Maidenhead 
and  Windsor,  and  returned  to  London  on  the 
15th.  Left  London  again  on  the  22nd  for  Green- 
wich and  Barking;  reached  Gravesend  on  the 
23rd  ;  went  ashore  at  Whitstable,  walked  to  Can- 
terbury, and  reached  Dover  the  next  day. 

On  his  first  landing  on  English  shores,  he  was 
demanded  his  name  and  business ;  answering  "  that 
he  had  none  but  to  see  England,"  he  was  con- 
ducted to  an  inn,  where  he  was  very  well  enter- 
tained, as  (he  says)  one  generally  is  in  this  country. 
He  had  much  to  see  and  tell  in  London  :  praises 
the  Tower,  the  bridge,  the  organ  at  St.  Paul's,  the 
Guildhall,  the  Royal  Exchange,  the  conduits,  the 
Temple,  "  Grezin,"  and  "  Lyconsin,"  the  oysters, 
and  the  cloth  of  the  country.  At  Greenwich  he 
was  admitted  to  Queen  Elizabeth's  presence- 
chamber  as  she  passed  through  to  chapel,  and 
describes  a  wonderful  system  of  "  ko-towing." 


3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  28,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


429 


Of  the  colleges  of  Oxford  he  says,  "  Elegant! 
structura,  opimis  redditibus,  et  instructis  biblio- 
thecis,  ita  florent  ut  reliquas  orbis  Christian!  aca- 
demias  superent  omnes.'  Of  the  English  people 
he  says,  "  They  are  good  sailors,  and  better  pirates 
—  cunning,  treacherous,  and  thievish."  "  If  they 
see  a  foreigner  very  well  made,  or  particularly 
handsome,  they  say  it  is  a  pity  he  is  not  an 
Englishman."  For  longer  extracts,  see  the  first 
vol.  of  the  Retrospective  Review. 

JOB  J.  BABDWELL  WOEKAED,  M.A. 


THE  REGALE  OF  FRANCE, 

PRESENTED  TO  THE   SHRINE   OP  ST.  THOMAS    1  BECKET 
AT   CANTERBURY   CATHEDRAI>,   ETC. 

In  Murray's  Hand- Book  to  the  Cathedrals  of 
England  (Southern  Division,  part  2,  p.  368,  Lon- 
don, 1861),  the  writer  mentions  that  one  of  the 
great  diamonds  which  adorned  the  shrine  of  St. 
Thomas  was  presented  by  Louis  VII.  of  France, 
and  that  it  was  as  large  as  a  hen's  egg,  and  was 
called  the  Regale  of  France.  It  is  also  ^stated 
(p.  370)  that  at  the  Reformation  the  bones  of  the 
saint  were  not  burnt  but  buried;  and  that  the 
regale  was  long  worn  by  Henry  VUL  in  his  thumb- 
ring. 

Now,  with  regard  to  the  bones  having  been 
buried,  no  authority  is  given  for  this  statement. 
On  the  contrary,  the  general  belief  is,  that  the 
relics  of  St.  Thomas  were  burnt.  Dr.  Lingard 
expressly  states,  that  as  the  saint  refused  to  rise 
from  the  dead  when  cited  to  appear  before  the 
king's^  attorney,  in  order  to  answer  the  charges 
brought  against  him  by  the  Court  at  Westminster, 
he  was  pronounced  guilty  of  rebellion  and  trea- 
son, and  his  bones  were  ordered  to  be  publicly 
burnt.  (Life  of  Henry  VIIL  p.  276,  vol.  vi.  ed. 
London,  1844.) 

Stow,  in  his  Annals  of  Henry  VIIL,  states 
"  that  the  bones  of  St.  Thomas,  by  command  of 
Lord  Cromwell,  were  there  burnt  to  ashes,  in  Sep- 
tember, 1538,  of  Henry  VIIL  the  thirtieth,"  &c. 
There  are,  however,  some  small  portions  of  the 
saint's  body  still  preserved,  and  duly  authenti- 
cated, which  were  taken  from  the  shrine  previous 
to  the  Reformation.  But  it  is  true  to  say,  that 
the  greater  part  of  his  sacred  relics  were  burnt, 
not  buried. 

With  respect  to  the  large  carbuncle  or  diamond 
given  by  Louis  VII.,  which  is  said  to  have  been 
worn  by  King  Henry  VIIL  in  his  thumb-ring,  it 
was  probably  buried  with  him.  If  so,  this  fact 
may  account  for  George  IV.,  when  Prince  Regent, 
having  ordered  the  tomb  of  Henry  to  be  opened, 
and  the  coffin  searched  for  some  ring  (or  rings), 
which  he  supposed  were  still  to  be  found  therein. 

Some  years  ago,  when  visiting  the  Royal  Chapel 
at  Windsor,  an  old  man  told  me  that  he  assisted 


at  the  opening  of  the  tomb  of  Henry  VHE.,  the 
Prince  Regent  and  a  few  others  being  present, 
and  that  he  heard  the  Prince  speaking  about  a 
valuable  ring  (or  rings,  I  forget  which),  that  he 
hoped  to  find  in  the  royal  coffin.  Nothing  how- 
ever was  found,  except  some  large  bones. 

J.  D  ALTON. 
Norwich. 


HONE'S  "  HOUSE  THAT  JACK  BUILT." 

As  Hone's  pamphlets,  by  the  introduction  of  good 
drawing  and  wood-engraving,  mark  the  commence-, 
rnent  of  a  new  era  in  political  caricature,  it  may 
be  worth  while  to  set  right  even  a  trifling  mistake 
about  them.  In  a  notice  of  Lord  Lyndhurst  in 
The  Illustrated  Times,  October  17,  1863,  it  is 
said:  — 

"  He  began  life  as  an  extreme  Radical ;  but  no  sooner 
did  the  Tory  Government,  anxious  to  secure  the  aid  of 
his  great  abilities,  offer  him  a  bait  than  he  seized  it  with 
avidity,  and  associated  himself  with  Liverpool  and  Castle- 
reagh  et  id  genus  omne  —  that  party  which  so  long  mis- 
governed the  kingdom,  and  hung  like  a  dead  weight  upon, 
national  progress.  It  was  he,  too,  who,  in  conjunction 
with  Sir  Robert  Gifford,  conducted  the  prosecution  of 
Queen  Caroline,  and  defended  the  Bill  of  Pains  and  Penal- 
ties. Do  any  of  your  readers  remember  William  Hone's 
Political  House  that  Jack  Suilt?  The  two  rats  in  that 
house  — '  the  rats  that  ate  the  malt ' —  were  two  lawyers 
caricatured  as  rats,  scudding  about  a  cornshop.  Well, 
one  of  these  was  Sir  Robert  Gifford,  the  Attorney-General ; 
the  other,  Sir  John  Copley,  the  Solicitor-General." 

No  such  picture  is  in  The  Political  House  that 
Jack  Suilt,  nor  does  it  contain  any  caricature  of 
Sir  John  Copley.  "  The  Vermin  that  plunder 
the  Wealth "  are,  a  clergyman,  a  gold-stick,  two 
soldiers,  and  a  lawyer,  who  is  ugly,  and,  like  "  The 
Public  Informer,"  two  pages  further,  not  intended 
for  Copley,  to  whose  handsome  features  George 
Cruikshank  afterwards  did  justice.  In  The  Man 
in  the  Moon,  Lord  Castlereagh  sits  between  two 
animals  with  bodies  of  rats  and  heads  of  barris- 
ters. The  carol  runs  — 

"  With  sudden  joy  and  gladness, 

Rat  Gifford  was  beguiled ; 
They  both  sat  at  his  Lordship's  side, 

He  patted  them  and  smiled, 
Yet  Copley  on  his  nether  end 

Sat,  like  a  new-born  child ; 
But  without  either  comfort  or  joy. 

"  He  thought  upon  his  father, 

His  virtues  and  his  fame ; 
And  how  that  father  hoped  from  him 

For  glory  to  his  name ; 
And,  as  his  chin  dropped  on  his  breast, 

His  pale  cheeks  burned  for  shame, 
He'll  never  more  know  comforter  joy." 

The  same  figures  are  reproduced  as  "  Black 
Rats  "  in  The  Political  Showman  at  Home.  I  do 
not  think  that  any  other  representation  of  Sir 
John  Copley  is  to  be  found  in  Hone's  pamphlets. 
"  N.  &  Q."  is  not  the  place  for  discussing  such 


430 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  IV.  Nov.  28,  '63. 


recent  politics  as  the  character  of  Lord  Lynd- 
hurst ;  but  I  may  say  that  no  public  profession  of 
"extreme  radicalism"  has  been  traced  to  him, 
and  we  should  not  now  call  a  man  a  rat  for  ac- 
cepting office  under  a  government  of  which  he 
had  spoken  with  disapprobation  at  the  circuit 
table. 

Sir  Eobert  Giffqrd  was  unimportant  in  politics, 
though  occupying  a  prominent  position.  What 
were  his  professions  before  he  took  office  ?  Was 
he  a  liberal,  or  is  he  put  down  as  a  rat  for  sym- 
metry ?  FITZHOPKINS. 

Dieppe. 

JWtnar  &att3. 

INTERESTING  RELICS  OF  LUTHER  AND  BUNYAN. 
The  former  of  the  following  paragraphs  made  its 
appearance  in  the  London  papers  last  week,  the 
the  other  about  a  fortnight  ago  :  — 

"The  flute  with  which  John  Bunyan  beguiled  the 
tediousness  of  his  captive  hours  is  now  in  the  possession 
or  Mr.  Howell,  tailor,  Gainsborough.  In  appearance  it  is 
not  unlike  the  leg  of  a  stool — out  of  which,  it  is  said, 
Bunyan,  while  in  prison,  manufactured  it.  When  the 
turnkey,  attracted  by  the  sound  of  music,  entered  the 
cell,  the  flute  was  replaced  in  the  stool,  and  by  this  means 
detection  was  avoided." 

"  A  Berlin  artisan  has  come  into  possession  of  a  very 
interesting  historical  curiosity — the  marriage  ring  of  Lu- 
ther. On  the  ring  is  an  inscription,  bearing  the  names 
of  Martin  Luther  and  his  wife,  as  well  as  the  date  of  their 
marriage." 

Along  with  fuller  descriptions  of  them,  a  history 
of  the  "vicissitudes"  of  these  relics,  since  the 
time  the  one  occupied  the  finger  of  Madame  Lu- 
ther, and  the  other  cheered  the  prison  solitude  of 
the  "divine  dreamer,"  if  such  could  be  had, 
would  prove  extremely  interesting.  Let  us  hope 
that  the  precious  domestic  memorials  may  find 
their  way  into  the  safe  keeping  of  some  public 
collection.  ROBERT  KEMPT. 

REMARKABLE  INSCRIPTION  IN  THE  CEMETERY 
or  PERE  L,A  CHAISE.  —  The  following  inscription, 
which  I  noticed  on  a  tombstone  adjoining  one  of 
the  alleys  of  Pere  la  Chaise,  struck  me  as  putting 
forth  statements  of  a  character  so  altogether  ex- 
traordinary that  it  was  well  worth  copying.  Let 
me  hope  that  the  Editor  may  be  of  the  same 
opinion,  and  find  a  place  for  it  in  "  N.  &  Q. : "  — 

"...  Mme  Marie  Madeleine  Milcent,  epouse  de  Mr 
Etienne  Fourvier,  de"cedee  le  10  Mars  1824,  agee  de 
trente  hnit  ans.  Elle  fut  le  modele  des  e'pouses  et  la  plus 
sincere  des  amies.  Sa  mort  fut  accelere'e  par  de  longues 
souffranc.es  qu'elle  supporta  avec  courage ;  sa  douceur  et 
sa  bonte  1'avoient  rendue  chere  a  tous  les  malheureux. 
Elle  a  porte*  dans  son  sein  un  enfant  douze  mois  vivant 
et  sept  ans  mort,  ainsi  que  1'ont  constate  apres  son  deces 
les  docteurs  Dubois  et  Bellivier,  ses  medecins,  qui  ont 
retire  cet  enfant  bien  conforme  et  parfaitement  con- 
serve." 

JOHN  A.  C.  VINCENT. 


TEDDED  GRASS.  —  This  phrase,  which  occurs  in 
the  celebrated  passage  in  Milton's  Paradise  Lost, 
book  ix.  line  450  — 

"The  smell  of  grain,  or  tedded  grass,  or  kine," 
has  received  various  explanations.  Richardson, 
probably  our  best  authority,  quotes  Ray  (S.  and 
E.  country  words),  that  to  ted  grass  is  to  spread  it 
abroad.  But  in  the  Customs  of  the  Manor  of 
Chakendon,  co.  Oxon,  temp.  Edward  I.,  as  given 
in  Blount's  Fragmenta  Antiquitatis,  cap.  iv.  sec.  i., 
we  find  this  clause :  that  each  mower  should 
have  for  his  perquisite,  beyond  his  loaf,  his  wood, 
his  cheese,  beer,  &c.,  for  every  yard  land  (vir- 
gata  terrce)  six  tods  of  grass  (sex  toddas  herba), 
and  for  every  half  yard  land  three  tods  of  grass. 
Now  a  tod  must  have  been  a  definite  item,  and 
not  a  certain  superficial  quantity  spread  over  a 
field.  It  could  not  have  been  a  weight,  as  a  tod 
of  wool  is  only  twenty-eight  pounds.  Milton  in 
the  "  Allegro  "  speaks  of  the  "  tanned  haycock  in 
the  mead."  Did  he  by  "  tedded  grass  "  mean  hay 
in  cocks  or  heaps  ?  It  seems  probable.  If  so,  to 
"  ted  grass "  is  not  to  spread  it  abroad,  but  to 
heap  it  up.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

HEDINGHAM  REGISTERS.  —  On  the  first  page  of 
the  Register  Book  of  the  parish  of  Castle  Heding- 
ham,  in  Essex  (which  dates  from  1558),  I  find 
the  following  lines,  signed  "  Charles  Darby,"  but 
without  date :  — 

"  Gallia  quod  bellum  dederat  si  nil  sibi  servat, 
Ut  servet  feedus  det  Deus  oro  suum." 
"  Whatever  in  the  war  she  got, 
Kind  France  restores,  she  keeps  it  not : 
If  she  so  bad  at  keeping  be, 
Pray  God  she  keep  the  Peace  say  we." 

To  what  Peace  can  this  refer  ?  Is  it  the  Peace 
of  Breda,  1667? 

Amongst  the  entries  in  the  same  register,  I  find 
some  which  are  curious,  e.  g. : 

"  A  coperal's  ( ?)  daughter  was  baptized  by  the  sol- 
dyers,  26»i>  Oct.  1643." 

"  A  pepperal  (  ?)  was  baptized  the  8th  April,  1649." 

These  words,  to  which  I  have  put  (?),  are  some- 
what illegibly  written.  What  is  a  "  pepperal "  ? 
And  what  is  the  meaning  of  a  "  crisom  child," 
whose  burial  is  entered  in  1580  ?  L.  A.  M. 

POEM  BY  THE  ETTRICK  SHEPHERD.  —  These 
stanzas  have  little  intrinsic  worth ;  but  as  the 
name  of  their  author  gives  them  an  interest  to  all 
lovers  of  Scottish  poetry,  and  they  have  not  been 
printed,  you  may  find  a  corner  for  them.  The 
little  poem  was  written  by  James  Hogg  in  the 
album  of  a  lady,  who  presented  me  with  the  auto- 
graph :  — 

"  Song. 

"  Alone  on  the  mountains  poor  Mona  reclined, 
Her  locks  hung  neglected,  and  waved  in  the  wind ; 
On  her  face  was  a  smile,  though  her  reason  had  fled, 
And  a  tear  on  the  wild-rose  that  hung  o'er  her  head. 


S.  IV.  Xov.  28,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


431 


"  The  dew  of  the  mountains,  the  wind  and  the  rain, 
Will  ne'er  cool  the  fever  that  burns  in  her  brain ; 
The  Spring  may  the  beauties  of  nature  restore, 
But  will  beam  on  the  mind  of  poor  Mona  no  more.  . 

"  JAMES  HOGG." 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

Glasgow. 

F.  A.  TEWIS. — On  September  2, 1863,  I  visited 
the  cathedral  at  Aix-la-Chapelle.  The  following 
is  worthy  of  preservation  as  connected  with  Eng- 
land. It  is  within  the  cathedral. 

"  Vir  admodum  reverendus 
DOMINUS  FRANCISCUS  ANTONIUS  TEWIS, 

Archipresbyter, 

Per  43  Annos  Parochus  divae  virginis, 
Plebanus  Aquisgranensis  et  Judicii  Synodalis  Prseses, 

Protonotarius  Apostolicus, 

Principis  Electoris  Palatini  Consiliarius. 

Qui  vixit  annos  septuaginta  novem, 

Decessit  A.D.  6  Idus  Julius,  1786. 

Nominis  sui  ultimus, 

Hoc  Monumentum, 

Abaviaj  sua?  fratri, 

Ponendum  curavit, 

Henricus  Howard  Molyneux  Herbert, 

Comes  de  Carnarvon, 

Catharinse  Elizabeth®  Tewis 

Viro  honorabili  Gulielmo  Herbert  nuptae 

Abnepos. 
Germanise  amans  et  Germani  sanguinis  memor." 

GEORGE  W.  MARSHALL. 

THE  LORD  MAYOR  OF  LONDON  :  SWEARING  IN 
UNDER  SPECIAL  CIRCUMSTANCES.  — 

"  March  22,  168|.  Thomas  Pilkington,  Esq.,  elected  to 
be  Lord  Mayor  of  London  for  the  remaining  part  of  this 
year,  in  the  room  of  Sir  John  Chapman,  lately  deceased, 
was  presented  to  the  Lords  Commissioners  of  the  Great 
Seal,  and  afterwards  sworn  at  the  Hustings  according  to 
custom ;  and  at  five  in  the  afternoon  was  sworn  without 
the  Tower  Gate,  by  the  Rt.  Hon.  the  Lord  Lucas,  Chief 
Governor  of  the  Tower,  in  pursuance  of  their  Majesties' 
Writ  to  him  directed,  and  of  the  ancient  usage  at  such 
time  as  the  Exchequer  Court  is  not  holden  at  Westmin- 
ster."— London  Gazette,  No.  2438,  for  March  21—5,  1689. 

W.  P. 

THE  LATE  ALDERMAN  CUBITT. — I  have  not  seen 
in  the  London  papers  any  allusion  to  the  touching 
mark  of  respect  paid  to  this  originator  of  "  The 
Lord  Mayor's  Fund  for  the  Relief  of  Lancashire 
Distress,"  on  the  evening  and  night  of  his  funeral. 
Muffled  peals  were  rung  on  the  church  bells  in 
many  of  the  different  places  where  his  bounty  had 
been  distributed.  It  was  said,  at  least  sixty  sets 
of  church  bells  would  he  rung,  but  I  do  not  know 
the  actual  number.  The  effect  of  these  muffled 
peals  suddenly  striking  up  was  very  startling 
and  impressive.  The  rich  had  often  forgotten  all 
about  it,  not  so  the  poor.  The  following  dialogue 
to  wit :  —  "  Whatever  were  they  ringing  the 
muffled  bells  for,  last  night  ?  "  "  Why  for  Alder- 
man Cubitt,  the  lest  man  in  England:'  P.  P. 


EARLY  AQUARIUM.  —  Some  years  ago  there  ap- 
peared in  one  of  the  London  literary  journals  a 
notice  or  advertisement,  published  about  the  time 
of  Pepys  or  Evelyn,  giving  an  account  of  the 
earliest  known  aquarium.  Any  reference  to  such 
paper,  which  was,  I  believe,  by  the  Rev.  Charles 
Kingsley,  will  oblige.  W.  A.  L. 

BOWDEN  OF  FROME. — Is  anything  known  of  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Bowden,  of  Frome,  who  died  at  an  ad- 
vanced age  about  1748-9 ;  and  who  was  father,  I 
believe,  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Bowden,  also  of  Frome  ? 
A  letter  in  my  possession,  addressed  to  his  widow, 
and  dated  January,  1749,  contains  what  the  writer 
(Anne  Yerbury,  of  Bradford,)  is  pleased  to  call 
"  An  Essay  towards  yc  character  of  my  greatly 
esteemed  Friend,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Bowden ;"  and 
the  following  lines  would  lead  me  to  conclude  he 
must  have  written  something  worth  remember- 
ing:— 

"  With  other  tuneful  bards,  his  lyre  he  strung, 
And,  equal  to  the  theme,  unrival'd  sung. 
Tho'  each  demanded  from  their  well  wrote  lays, 
And  justly  merited,  distinguish'd  praise, 
Yet  Bowd'en  only  won  and  wore  the  bays." 

J.  S.  KENSINGTON. 

COPIES  OF  THE  COMPLUTENSIAN    PoLYGLOTT    ON 

VELLUM. — Mr.  Ford,  in  his  Handbook  for  Travel' 
lers  in  Spain  (ed.  1855,  part  ii.  p.  826,  sect,  xi.), 
mentions  that  three  copies  of  the  Polyglott  were 
ordered  by  Cardinal  Ximenes  to  be  printed  on 
vellum ;  one  was  intended  for  the  Vatican,  another 
for  the  University  of  Alcala,  and  the  third  was 
probably  reserved  for  his  own  private  use. 

"  The  third,"  continues  the  writer,  "  once  Pinelli's  and 
Macarthy's,  was  bought  at  Mr.  Hibbert's,*  by  Mr.  Stan- 
dish,  for  5227. ;  he  bequeathed  the  copy  to  Louis  Philippe, 
and  it  is  now  in  the  fine  library  of  the  Duke  D'Aumale, 
at  Twickenham." 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  inform  me, 
whether  the  said  copy  on  vellum  is  still  to  be 
found  in  the  noble  duke's  library  ? 

J.  D  ALTON. 

ABRAHAM  CROCKER,  sometime  a  schoolmaster 
at  Ilminster,  and  afterwards  a  land  and  timber 
surveyor  at  Frome,  was  author  of  educational  and 
other  works  published  between  1772  and  1813; 
also  of  various  papers  on  agricultural  subjects. 
He  occurs  in  the  Biographical  Dictionary  of 
Living  Authors,  1816.  The  date  of  his  death, 
and  any  other  information  respecting  him  or  his 
works,  will  be  acceptable.  S.  Y.  R. 

CHURCHES  IN  THE  HIGHLANDS.  —  In  1803  there 
was  a  "  Commission  for  building  Churches  in  the 
Highlands."  Can  you  inform  me  where  I  shall 
find  any  report  or  account  of  the  works  executed 
by  that  body  ?  Is  it  still  in  existence  ?  W.  P. 

*  At  Mr.  Hibbert's  Sale,  which  took  place  in  1829. 


432 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  Nov.  28,  '63. 


COWTHORPE  OAK  (3rd  S.  iv.  381.)  — Will  your 
correspondent  H.  L.,  who  mentions  the  Cowthorpe 
oak  as  the  king  of  oaks,  tell  us  what  the  circum- 
ference of  this  tree  is  at  about  five  feet  from  the 
ground  ?  I  know  of  one  measuring  thirty-seven 
feet.  T.  M.  B. 

DALE,  IN  THE  COUNTY  OF  CUMBERLAND. — Can 
any  of  your  correspondents  tell  me  in  what  parish 
Dale  is  situated,  where  a  family  of  the  name  of 
Thirkeld,  or  Threlkeld,  was  seated  for  two  or 
three  generations  in  the  seventeenth  century  ? 

E.  H.  A. 

EHRET,  FLOWER  PAINTER.  —  In  the  Catalogue 
of  the  sale  of  the  Portland  Museum,  which  com- 
menced the  24th  of  April,  1786,  and  occupied 
thirty-eight  days,  a  list  is  given  of  the  paintings 
on  vellum,  &c.,  by  that  unrivalled  artist,  G.  D. 
Ehret ;  representing  plants  and  flowers  to  the 
amount  of  some  hundreds.  Is  it  known  who  pur- 
chased these  valuable  drawings  and  paintings,  and 
where  they  now  are  ?  In  the  Life  of  Mary  Gran- 
mile  (Mrs.  Delany)  there  is  a  biographical  sketch 
of  Ehret,  in  which  allusion  is  made  to  his  having 
executed  three  hundred  exotic  plants,  and  five 
hundred  English  ones  for  Margaret  Cavendish 
Harley,  Duchess  of  Portland.  Also  that  he  visited 
much  at  the  seat  of  Ralph  Willett,  Esq.,  of  Mer- 
ley,  in  Dorsetshire,  for  whom  he  finished  two 
hundred  and  thirty  (seventy  on  paper,  and  more 
than  five  hundred  in  an  unfinished  state).  Are 
these  paintings  still  in  the  possession  of  that 
family,  or  where  are  they  ? 

Sir  Joseph  Banks  possessed  sixty-five  paintings 
by  Ehret,  purchased  at  the  sale  of  Sir  Robert 
More ;  and  it  is  stated  that  they  are  now  in  the 
British  Museum,  with  the  rest  of  the  library  of 
Sir  Joseph  Banks.  It  would  be  very  interesting 
to  trace  all  the  works  of  Ehret,  who  has  never  had 
an  equal  in  flower  painting;  which  is  now  so 
little  understood  as  to  be  considered  an  inferior 
art,  instead  of  one  of  the  most  difficult  when  pro- 
perly executed.  The  name  of  Ehret  is  now 
scarcely  ever  heard,  in  consequence  of  few  per- 
sons having  ever  seen  his  works.  He  resided  in 
England  from  1740,  and  was  buried  at  Chelsea, 
1770.  E. 

HANDASYDE. — Where  can  an  obituary  notice  of 
General  Handasyde,  Governor  of  Jamaica,  in 
1711,  be  found?  Is  his  will  on  record?  If  so, 
where,  and  what  is  the  date  ?  Who  was  private 
or  military  secretary  to  this  Governor  ?  S. 

REV.  JOSEPH  HUNTER.  —  In  the  Historical 
Magazine  (New  York),  and  Notes  and  Queries 
concerning  the  Antiquities,  History,  and  Biography 
of  America,  for  Jan.  1862,  I  find  this  paragraph 
tinder  the  head  of  the  "  Massachusetts  Historical 
Society,  Dec.  4,  1861  :"— 

"  William  B.  Trask,  Esq.,  read  a  very  interesting  me- 
moir of  Rev.  Joseph  Hunter,  F.S.A.,  one  of  the  Assistant 


Keepers  of  the  public  records  of  England,  author  of  The 
Founders  of  New  Plymouth,  and  a  corresponding  member 
of  the  Society,  who  was  born  at  Sheffield,  England,  Feb- 
ruary 6,  1783 ;  and  died  at  Torrington  Square,  London, 
May  9, 1861,  aged  seventy-eight  years." 

Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  inform  me  whe- 
ther this  memoir  has  been  printed  ?  And  if  so, 
where  in  this  country  it  can  be  seen  ?  In  the 
valuable  series  of  MS.  Collections  of  Mr.  Hunter, 
now  in  the  Additional  MSS.  of  the  British  Mu- 
seum, his  letter-books  furnish  much  information 
respecting  his  early  life.  R.  BROOK  ASPLAND. 

South  Hackney. 

KING'S  COUNTY,  IRELAND. — I  should  feel  much 
obliged  to  any  of  the  contributors  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
for  a  list  of  the  names  of  the  principal  English 
and  Scotch  families  settled  in  the  King's  County 
about  A.D.  1740.  A.  J.  C. 

Bombay,  Oct.  1863. 

IRISH  UNION. — At  the  Union  of  Ireland  with. 
England  in  1801,  compensations  were  granted  to 
certain  officers  of  the  Crown  and  other  persons, 
in  consideration  of  the  losses  or  diminution  of 
income  which  they  might  sustain  by  consequence 
of  such  Union.  Any  of  your  readers  having  the 
means  of  so  doing  will  greatly  oblige  by  an 
answer  to  the  following  questions :  — 

1.  Out  of  what  fund  were  and  are  such  com- 
pensations paid,  which  were  in  the  shape  of  an- 
nuities or  augmentation  of  salaries  ? 

2.  Where  is  any  list  to  be  found  of  the  offices 
so  compensated  ? 

3.  Was  there  any  parliamentary  report  printed 
upon  this  subject?  S.  E.  G. 

JOHN  MILTON. — I  found  the  following  in  a  col- 
lection of  epigrams,  &c.  published  in  two  vols. 
12mo,  1794,  under  the  title  of  The  Poetical  Far- 
rago :  — 
Verses  written  on  the  Plague  in  London,  lately  found  on  a 

glass  window  at  C/ialfont,  inhere  Milton  resided  during  the 

continuance  of  that  calamity.     Supposed  to  be  written  by 

Milton :  — 

"  Fair  mirror  of  foul  times,  wbose  fragile  sheen 

Shall,  as  it  blazeth,  break ;  while  Providence 
(Ay  watching  o'er  his  saints  with  eye  unseen), 

Spreads  the  red  rod  of  angry  pestilence, 

To  sweep  the  wicked  and  their  counsels  hence ; 

"  Yea,  all  to  break  the  pride  of  lustful  kings, 
Who  Heaven's  love  reject  for  brutish  sense ; 

As  erst  he  scourg'd  Jesside's  sin  of  yore, 
For  the  fair  Hittite,  when,  on  Seraph's  wings, 
He  sent  him  war,  or  plague,  or  famine  sore." 

Vol.  ii.  p.  36. 

What  ground  is  there  for  the  supposition  ? 

J.  W. 

O'REILLY  AT  ALGIERS.  —  You  mention  the  ex- 
pedition to  Carthagena.  Can  any  of  your  cor- 
respondents give  an  account  of  the  Spanish  expe- 
dition which,  under  the  command  of  an  Irishman, 
Gen.  Count  O'Reilly,  and  of  an  English  Baronet, 


3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  28,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


433 


went  from  Carthagena  to  take  Algiers,  but  ac- 
cording to  Lord  Byron  (note  to  Don  Juan)  instead 
of  O'Reilly  taking  Algiers,  Algiers  very  nearly 
took  him  ?  What  was  the  real  story  ?  P.  O. 

POETEAIT  PAINTERS.  —  I  have  in  my  possession 
a  family  portrait,  a  full  length,  54  in.  by  48  in. 
The  subject  is  a  young  lady  with  a  dog  and  parrot. 
She  was  born  in  or  about  1740,  and  appears  to 
have  been  of  about  ten  years  of  age  when  the  por- 
trait was  painted.  *  The  style  bears  a  resemblance 
to  that  of  Hudson,  but  the  only  information  that 
I  have  been  able  to  obtain  respecting  the  artist  is, 
that  he  was  a  foreigner,  most  probably  French, 
residing  in  London.  I  shall  be  greatly  obliged  to 
any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  who  will  give  me  the 
names  of  the  best  known  portrait  painters,  both 
native  and  foreign,  in  London  (the  city  of  London 
emphatically)  who  were  practising  their  art  there 
between  1745  and  1755.  J.  C.  H. 

PRINTED  VISITATIONS. — Will  some  correspon- 
dent kindly  complete  the  annexed  list  of  printed 
Heraldic  Visitations  ?  These  are  by  Sir  Thomas 
Phillipps,  of  Middle  Hill,  Bart. 

Berkshire.  1566  and  1664,  folio. 

Cambridgeshire,  1619,  folio,  1840. 

Hertfordshire,  in  the  Topographer,  March,  1821. 

Middlesex,  1663,  folio,  1820. 

Oxfordshire,  1574,  in  the  Topographer,  March,  1821. 

Somerset,  1623,  folio,  1831-3. 

Wilts,  1623,  folio,  1828. 

The  other  printed  Visitations  are  :  — 
Durham,  1575 :  Newcastle-on-Tyne,  1820. 

,  1615  :  Sunderland,  1820,  folio. 

Huntingdon,  1613 :  Camden  Society,  1848. 
Westmoreland,  1615:  1853,  Svo. 
Yorkshire,  1664 :  Surtees  Society. 

Mr.  Timbs,  the  editor  of  the  East  Anglian,  an- 
nounces a  Visitation  of  Suffolk  for  January  next. 
GEORGE  W.  MARSHALL. 

SAINT  MARY,  THE  EGYPTIAN  :  CURIOUS  PAINT- 
ING ON  GLASS. — 

"  Xous  rions  de  certains  traits  dans  la  culte  religieuse 
des  sauvages,  nous  avons  de  la  peine  a  concevoir  que  la 
simplicite'  ou  1'extravagance  de  1'esprit  de  1'homme 
puisse  aller  si  loin  ;  ces  traits  sont  ils  aussi  ridicules  que 
ceux  qu'enfantoit  la  devotion  grossiere  de  nos  ancetres  ? 
En  1660,  le  cure  de  Saint  Germaines  de  1'Auxerrois  fit 
oter  de  la  chapelle  de  Sainte  Marie  PEgyptienne  un  cote 
de  vitrage  qui  y  etoit  depuis  plus  que  trois  siecles,  et  oil 
elle  etoit  peinte  sur  le  pont  d'un  bateau,  troussee  jusqu' 
au  genoux,  devant  le  batelier,  avec  ces  mots  au  dessous — 
'  Comment  la  Sainte  bffrit  son  corps  au  batelier  pour  son 
passage.'  "  —  Sainte  Foix,  Essais  Historiques  sur  Pans, 
1759,  torn.  i.  p.  201. 

Is  there  any  confirmation  of  this  legend  in  the 
missals  or  homilies,  in  the  Golden  Legend,  the 


Lives  of  the  Saints,  or  the  Ada  Sincera  Martyrum  ? 
I  think  I  have  met  with  the  story  before. 

W.  D. 

THE  TRADITION  OF  THE  WOODEN  BELL.  —  In 
the  report  given  in    the  Leeds  Intelligencer   of 


Oct.  17,  1863,  of  the  proceedings  of  the  British 
Archaeological  Association,  during  their  late  meet- 
ing at  Leeds,  the  writer,  speaking  of  their  visit  to 
St.  Mary  Magdalen's  Church,  in  the  suburbs  of 
Ripon, says : — 

"  A  strong  chest,  of  great  age,  is  deposited  near  the 
chancel,  which  contains,  among  other  curiosities,*  Dean 
Waddilove's  wooden  bell,  about  which  there  is  a  very 
amusing  tradition." 

Having  joined  in  that  most  interesting  excursion 
to  Ripon  and  Fountains  Abbey,  I  lingered  behind, 
with  three  or  four  others,  to  examine  this  chest.. 
Through  a  large  hole  in  the  lid  we  noticed  this 
bell,  which  to  our  surprise,  on  opening  the  chest,, 
we  found  to  be  of  wood.  A  lady  of  the  party,  an 
entire  stranger  to  me,  thereupon  related  to  us  a 
story,  which,  I  suppose,  is  what  the  Leeds  re- 
porter calls  "  a  very  amusing  tradition."  Her 
account  was  as  follows :  Having  been  present  at 
the  recent  reopening  of  the  church,  she  saw  this 
bell,  and  on  inquiring  its  history,  was  informed  by 
a  woman  living  near,  that  a  dignitary  of  the  church 
of  Ripon,  being  in  want  of  a  dinner-bell,  took  one 
of  the  bells  of  this  little  church  for  that  purpose, 
and  had  the  wooden  bell  hung  up  in  its  place ! 

Can  any  of  your  readers  give  the  true  version 
of  this  strange  story,  and  explain  how  it  came  to 
be  mixed  up  with  the  name  of  Dean  Waddilove, 
who,  if  I  mistake  not,  was  living  within  the  last 
twenty  or  thirty  years  ?  SENESCENS. 

ARCHBISHOP  WHATELY  AND  WHATELEIANA. — 
Where  can  I  see  any  illustrations  of  the  inex- 
haustible fund  of  wit  and  humour  which  was 
perpetually  flowing  from  the  late  Archbishop 
Whately  ?  CLERICUS. 

Oxford. 


tottfj 

PARISH  BOUNDARY. — 

"Their  legges  and  thighs  of  bone, 
Great  as  Colossus,  yet  their  strength  is  gone. 
They  look  like  yonder  man  of  wood  that  stands 
To  bound  the  limits  of  the  parish  lands." 

Randolph  to  Mr.  Robert  Dover,  1638,  p.  115. 

To  what  does  this  allude  ?      J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

[Randolph's  "man  of  wood"  is  doubtless  a  portion  of 
the  Holy  Oak  or  Gospel  Tree,  -which  as  permanent  land- 
marks formerly  defined  the  boundaries  of  parishes.   These 
indicators  of  the  priest- shire,  are  thus  noticed  by  two  of 
his  contemporaries.    George  Wither,  speaking  of  the  an- 
cient perambulation,  says  — 
"  That  ev'ry  man  might  keep  his  owne  possessions, 
Our  fathers  us'd,  in  reverent  processions, 
(With  zealous  prayers,  and  with  praiseful  cheere), 
To  walke  their  parish  limits  once  a  yeare : 
And  well-knowne  markes  (which  sacrilegious  hands 
Xow  cut  or  breake)  so  bord'red  out  their  lands, 

*  T  saw  nothing  in  the  chest  besides  the  bell  and  the 
bell-rope,  which  latter  could  hardly  be  called  a  curiosity. 


434 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rJ  S.  IV.  Nov.  28,  '63. 


That  ev  'ry  one  distinctly  knew  his  owne, 

And  many  brawles,  now  rife,  were  then  unknowne." 
Embkms,  1635,  p.  161. 
Again,  Herrick,  in  his  Hesperides,  p.  18  — 
"  Dearest,  bury  me 

Under  that  Holy-Oke,  or  Gospel  Tree ; 

Where  (though  thou  see'st  not)  thou  may'st  think 
upon 

Me,  when  thou  yerely  go'st  procession." 

Howis  it  that  the  pious  custom  of  "Beating  theBounds" 
is  now  generally  observed  on  Holy  Thursday  instead  of 
one  of  the  three  Rogation  Days  before  Ascension  ?  This 
is  not  only  canonically  wrong,  according  to  the  Injunc- 
tions of  Queen  Elizabeth  (1559),  and  those  of  Archbishop 
Grindall  (1571),  but  tends  to  rob  the  ceremony  of  its 
highest  significancy,  the  Rogation  Days  being  intended 
as  a  commemoration  of  God's  bounty  in  the  fruits  of  the 
earth.  Vide  Walton's  Life  of  Hooker.] 

SIR  WILLIAM  MORETON.  —  Can  any  correspon- 
dent of  "  N.  &  Q."  give  any  information  re- 
specting this  lawyer,  who  seems  to  have  attained 
eminence  in  his  profession  as  Recorder  of  the  City 
of  London,  and  also  the  honour  of  knighthood  in 
1755  ?  Sir  William  Moreton  was  of  the  ancient 
Cheshire  family  of  that  name  long  located  at  More- 
ton,  where  the  old  hall  is  still  to  be  seen,  one  of 
the  finest  specimens  of  its  kind  in  England.  He 
was  the  last  direct  male  descendant  of  that  long 
line,  and  died  in  1763.  His  remains  lie  buried 
under  an  altar-tomb  at  the  east  end  of  the  north 
aisle  of  the  parish  church  of  Astbury,  in  which 
the  old  hall  is  situated,  and  above  the  tomb  his 
hatchment  was  suspended.  OXONIENSIS. 

P.S.  Does  he  figure  in  any  account  written  of 
41  Cheshire  Worthies  ?  " 

[Sir  William  Moreton  was  son  of  Dr.  William  Moreton, 
Bishop  of  Kildare,  and  afterwards  of  Meath.  He  was 
appointed  senior  judge  of  the  Sheriffs'  Court,  and  elected 
Recorder  of  the  City  of  London,  15th  February,  1753,  in 
the  room  of  Mr.  Baron  Adams.  He  was  knighted  at 
Kingston  19th  September,  1755,  on  presenting  a  congra- 
tulatory address  upon  his  Majesty's  return  from  Hanover. 
In  the  same  year  he  was  returned  M.P.  for  Brackley,  and 
died  14th  March,  1763,  aged  sixty-seven.  He  married 
Jane,  relict  of  John  Lawton  of  Lawton,  Esq. ;  she  died 
10th  February,  1758,  aged  sixty-one,  and  was  buried  at 
Astburj'.  For  the  pedigree  of  the  Moreton  family  see 
Onnerod's  Cheshire,  iii.  29.] 

GEOFFREY  VANN.  —  The  following  rhyme  was 
repeated  to  me  by  a  boy  while  showing  me  over 
one  of  the  old  churches  in  Dorchester  :  — 
"  Geoffrey  Van  and  his  wife  Anne, 
Built  this  tower  without  the  aid  of  man." 

Who  were  they,  and  what  is  their  story  ?         H. 

[The  Rev.  John  Coker  (Survey  of  Dorsetshire,  p.  69), 
says  that  the  monuments  in  the  windows  of  St.  Peter's 
church,  Dorchester,  belonged  to  the  Chiaiocks,  founders 
of  the  priory,  and  were  removed  with  others  hither,  as 
he  had  heard,  when  the  priory  church  was  pulled  down. 
One  of  these  figures  is  said  by  tradition  to  be  the  founder 
of  the  church,  and  vulgarly  called  Geffrey  Fawn,  or 
rather  Ann;  for  about  1680  was  dug  up  in  a  garden  of 
this  town  a  seal,  on  which  was  a  crescent,  surmounted 
with  a  star,  and  round  it,  SIGILUVM  GALFRIDI  DE  ANN. 
It  was  in  the  possession  of  the  late  Colonel  Michel.  A 


family  of  this  name  was  anciently  seated  at  Winterbourne, 
Faringdon.  Vide  also  Hutchins's  Dorsetshire,  edit.  1803, 
ii.  42.] 

JOHN  BAREFOOT.  —  I  possess  an  old  print  of 
John  Barefoot,  Letter  Doctor  to  the  University 
of  Oxford,  dated  1671,  tetatis  sues  70,  with  this 
inscription  beneath  it :  — 

"  Upon  this  table  you  may  faintly  see 
A  Doctor  deeply  skilled  in  Pedigree : 
To  Neplus  Ultra  his  great  fame  is  spread ; 
Oxford  a  more  facetious  man  ne'er  bred. 
He  knows  what  arms  old  Adam's  grandsire  bore, 
And  understands  more  coats  than  e'er  he  wore : 
So  well  he's  verst  in  College,  School,  Theater, 
You'd  swear  he'd  married  our  dear  Alma  Mater. 
As  he's  our  Index,  so  this  picture's  his ; 
And,  Superscription  like,  just  tells  whose  'tis; 
But  the  contents  of  his  great  soul  and  mind 
You'll  only  by  his  conversation  find." 

The  print  displays  an  old  man  in  a  tight-fitting 
cloth  coat  with  one  fringe  epaulette,  holding  a 
letter  in  his  right  hand. 

Is  anything  known  of  this  person  thus  quaintly 
described  ?  THOMAS  E.  WINNINGTON. 

Stanford  Court,  Worcester. 

[The  inscription  on  this  print  is  printed  by  Granger 
(Biog.  Hist.  iv.  200),  who  informs  us  that  "  this  facetious 
man  was  many  years  a  letter  carrier  in  the  university  of 
Oxford.  It  appears  from  the  inscription  that  his  memory 
was  extraordinary.'  I  am  informed  (adds  Granger), 
from  unquestionable  authority  (James  West,  Esq.,  who 
had  it  from  Hearne),  that  his  invention  was  as  extra- 
ordinary as  his  memory.  He  was  a  coiner  of  what  people 
call  white  lies,  and  as  his  fictions  were  rather  of  the  pro- 
bable than  the  marvellous  kind,  they  were  sometimes 
verified."] 

PHIL  OR  PILL  GARLICK.  —  Who  was  the  ori- 
ginal ? 

"  Let  there  be  but  the  appearance  of  a  bargain,  let  her 
only  know  that  the  thing  is  sold  beneath  its  intrinsic 
value,  and  that  is  a  temptation  not  to  be  withstood ;  she 
strikes  off  an  agreement  at  once,  and  kindly  leaves  the 
payment  of  the  money  to  poor  Pill  Garlic." — The  Babler, 
No.  cxii.,  Sat.  March  19. 

W.  P. 

[The  origin  of  this  term  has  been  discussed  in  our  lrt 
S.  iii.  74,  150.    It  has  been  conjectured  that  it  has  some 
reference  to  a  "  peeler  of  garlick,"  i.  e.  a  scullion,  the 
lowest  inmate  of  the  servants'  hall.    If  so,  it  was  in  use  in 
the  sixteenth  century,  as  it  occurs  in  Skelton's  satire  on 
Wolsey,  Why  come  ye  not  to  Court  ?  lines  103-109 :  — 
"  Wyll,  wyll,  wyll,  wyll,  wyll, 
He  ruleth  alway  styll. 
Good  reason  and  good  skyll, 
They  may  garlycke  pyll, 
Gary  sackes  to  the  myll, 
Or  pescoddes  they  shall  shyll, 
Or  elles  go  rost  a  stone."] 

"  HANG  UPON  HIS  LIPS."  —  What  is  the  origin 
of  this  phrase  ?  The  feat  (literally)  were  a  re- 
markable one.  Yet  nothing  is  more  common  than 
in  these  words  to  describe  the  rapt  attention  of  an 
audience  to  an  orator.  r. 

[A  common  Latinism.  "  Pendet  iteram  narrantis  ab 
ore."  Virg.  JEn.  iv.  79.  "Narrantis  conjux  pendet  ab 
ore  viri."  Ovid.  Heroides,  epist.  i.  30.1 


S.  IV.  Nov.  28,  !63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


435 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  THE  COLLIER-CONGREVE 

CONTROVERSY:  JEREMY  COLLIER  ON  THE 

STAGE. 

(3rd  S.  iv.  390.) 

Macaulay  says  of  this  book,  an  abstract  of 
which  is  presented  by  MR.  TRENCH  :  — 

"  There  is  hardly  any  book  of  the  time  from  which  it 
would  be  possible  to  select  specimens  of  writing  so  ex- 
cellent and  so  various We  hardly  know  where, 

except  in  the  Provincial  Letters,  we  can  find  mirth  so 
harmoniously  and  becomingly  blended  with  solemnity, 
as  in  the  Short  View.  In  truth,  all  the  modes  of  ridi- 
cule, from  broad  fun  to  polished  and  antithetical  sarcasm, 
were  at  Collier's  command.  On  the  other  hand,  he  was 
complete  master  of  the  rhetoric  of  honest  indignation. 
We  scarcely  know  any  volume  which  contains  so  many 
bursts  of  that  peculiar  eloquence  which  comes  from  the 
heart  and  goes  to  the  heart.  Indeed,  the  spirit  of  the 
book  is  truly  heroic." 

Your  readers  may  judge  for  themselves  how 
far  a  book,  so  commended  by  such  a  critic,  is  de- 
serving of  the  scant  measure  of  attention  with 
which  it  meets  at  the  present  day,  and  which  is  so 
amusingly  illustrated  by  MR.  TRENCH'S  confes- 
sions of  skipping. 

The  fierce  and  lengthened  controversy  which 
ensued  on  the  publication  of  Collier's  book  is 
most  graphically  described  by  Macaulay  (as  every- 
body knows)  in  the  sequence  of  the  Essay  from 
which  my  quotation  is  taken,  "  On  the  Comic 
Dramatists  of  the  Restoration."  A  useful  account 
of  it  is  also  to  be  found  in  Allibone's  Dictionary 
of  British  and  American  Authors,  sub  voce,  COL- 
LIER.* But  I  have  nowhere  been  able  to  find  a 
complete  bibliography  of  this  noted  controversy. 
The  notices  of  Lowndes  (Bohn),  Watt,  and 
Allibone,  are  all  defective.  I  send  you  as  com- 
plete an  account  as  I  have  been  able  to  compile 
from  the  materials  within  my  reach,  in  the  hope 
that  some  of  your  readers  may  supply  its  defici- 
encies, and  (possibly)  correct  its  errors. 
I.  PUBLICATIONS  BY  COLLIER. 

1.  A  Short  View  of  the  Immorality  and  Profaneness 
of  the  English  Stage.    London,  1698.     [The  fourth  edi- 
tion, 1699.] 

2.  Defence  of  the  "  Short  View ;"  a  Reply  to  Mr.  Con- 
greve's  "Amendments,"  and  to  the  Vindication  of  the 
Author  of  the  "  Relapse."    (Vanbrugh.)    London,  1699. 

3.  A  Second  Defence  of  the  "  Short  View."    A  Reply 
to  "  The  Antient  and  Modern  Stages  Surveyed."  London, 
1700. 

4.  A  Further  Vindication  of  the  "  Short  View."    A 
Reply  to  "A  Defence  of  Plays."    London,  1708. 

5.  Mr.  Collier's  Dissuasive  from  the  Plaj'house ;  in  a 
Letter  to  a  Person  of  Quality,  occasioned  by  the  late 
Calamity  of  the  Tempest.    London,  1703. 

[*  For  some  account  of  the  keen  controversy  occasioned 
by  Jeremy  Collier's  masterly  work,  consult  Kippis's  Bio- 
f/raphia  Brilannica,  vol.  iv.  pp.  18, 1 9  ;  Dr.  Johnson's  Life  of 
Congreve ;  Select  Collection  of  Old  Plays,  vol.  i.  pp.  xcviii. 
to  c.,  second  edition ;  and  Genest's  History  of  the  Stage,  ii. 
123-135.— ED.] 


II.  PUBLICATIONS  ON  COLLIER'S  SIDE  OF  THE 
CONTROVERSY. 

1.  Animadversions  on  Mr.  Congreve's  "  Late  Answer  to 
Mr.  Collier,"  in  a  Dialogue  between  Mr.  Smith  and  Mr. 
Johnson.     [Query,  Who  is  the  author?]    London,  1698. 

2.  The  Stage  Condemned  ....  The  Arguments  of  all 
the  Authors  that  have  Writ  in  Defence  of  the  Stage 
against  Mr.  Collier  considered.      [Query,  Who  is  the 
author?]    London,  1698. 

III.  REPLIES  TO  COLLIER  AND  HIS  ABETTORS. 

1.  CONGREVE  — 

(a.)  Amendments  of  False  Citations  from  the  "  Double 

Dealer."    London,  1698. 
(&.)  A  Defence  of  Dramatick  Poetry.   London,  1698. 

2.  VANBRUGH.  A  Short  Vindication  of  the  "  Relapse  " 
and  the  "  Provoked  Wife." 

3.  DR.  DRAKE  — 

(a.)  The  Antient    and   Modern  Stages    Surveyed. 

London,  1699. 
(6.)  The  Stage  Acquitted,  being  a  full  Answer  to 

Mr.  Collier,  &c.,  &c.    London,  1699. 

4.  DR.  FILMER.  A  Defence  of  Plays.     [Imprint?] 

5.  JOHN  DENNIS  — 

(a.)  The  Usefulness  of  the  Stage  to  the  Happiness  of 

Mankind.    London,  1698. 
(6.)  The  Person  of  Quality's  Answer  to  Mr.  Collier, 

1703. 
(c.)  The  Stage  Defended.    London,  1726. 

6.  ELKANAH  SETTLE.  [Query,  What  is  the  title  of  his 
publication  ?  ] 

7.  WYCHERLEY.     [Query,  What  did  he  publish  on 
the  subject?] 

8.  PETER  MOTTEUX    appended,  —  A  Defence  of  the 
Stage  to  his  play  of  "  Beauty  in  Distress."    His  Argu- 
ments are  replied  to  in  "  The  Stage  Condemned."    £IL 
2.  as  above.] 

ROBERT  B.  STEWART. 
Glasgow. 


ANGELIC  VISION  OF  THE  DYING. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  351.) 

MR.  MAUDE  will  find  many  narratives  such  as 
he  seeks  in  the  publications  of  the  Wesleyan 
Methodists.  I  extract  a  few  from  the  W.  M. 
Magazine  for  1828,  the  volume  nearest  to  my 
hand  at  this  moment :  — 

1.  Miss  Mary  Davis,  aged  thirty-six.  ...  "To  her 
sister  she  exclaimed,  as  in  a  holy  rapture :  '  The  glorious 
spirits,  the  kind  angels,  are  come  to  carry  me  to  glory.' " 
P.  65. 

2.  Samuel  Jennings,  Esq.    "  Those  who  were  present 
with  him,  when  he  was  about  to  expire,  suddenly  felt  an 
uncommon  heavenly  influence,  and  said  to  one  another : 
'  What  can  this  be  ?    Surely  the  Lord  is  here,  or  his  holy 
angels  are  come.'     Mr.  Jennings  looked  up;   his_  eyes 
sparkled  with  joy;  and,  as  if  some  glorious  spirit  ap- 
peared to  his  view,  cried  out  '  Dearest  \ '  and  instantly 
expired  without  a  struggle." — P.  285. 

3.  Susannah  Lord,  aged  thirty.  ..."  She  cried  out : 
'  I  see  the  happy  angels  beckoning  me  away ! ' " — P.  786. 

4.  Jane  Barnett,  aged  thirty-seven.     "As  if  heaven 
and  the  attendant  angels  just  appeared  in  view,  she  cried 
with  a  loud  voice :  '  0  what  a  glorious  company  do  I 
behold!'"— P.  862. 

Take  another  example  from  a  more  recent  pub- 
lication, the  Christian  Miscellany  for  1859  :  — 


436 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3r<i  S.  IV.  Nov.  28,  '63. 


5.  Mary  Elford,  aged  twenty-four.  "  Looking  up  to 
heaven  with  steadfastness,  joy  enlivening  her  counten- 
ance, and  faith  beaming  in  her  eye,  she  shouted :  '  He 
is  coming !  He  is  coming !  Jesus  is  coming  I  I  see  Him ! 
I  see  Him !  Hark !  do  you  hear  Him  ?  '  And  then  the 
dying  whisper :  '  He  comes !  He  comes ! ' " — P.  256. 

So  in  Pope's  "  Ode  " :  — 

"  Hark !  they  whisper,  angels  say,  '  Sister  spirit,  come 
away ! ' 

Heaven  opens  on  my  eyes ;  my  ears  with  sounds  sera- 
phic ring." 

Sex  and  age,  it  seems  to  me,  would  be  very 
important  elements  in  the  consideration  of  narra- 
tives such  as  I  have  quoted ;  but  they  are  nume- 
rous enough  to  fully  warrant  Dr.  Brown's  re- 
mark. I  shall  be  glad  to  learn  the  results  of  MB. 
MAUDE'S  investigation  of  the  subject. 

JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORKARD,  M.A. 


I  do  not  know  if  the  following  stories,  told  by 
intimate  friends  long  since  deceased,  will  suit 
your  purpose ;  but  I  remember  hearing  a  young 
clergyman  mention  that  an  uncle  he  had  lost  (a 
very  holy  man)  had  been  for  many  years  para- 
lysed in  his  right  arm,  but  that  in  his  last  moments 
he  had  freely  used  it,  to  point  out  to  his  weeping 
friends  the  angels  whom  he  said  he  saw  waiting  for 
him.  My  friend  certainly  believed  his  uncle  had 
seen  what  was  hidden  from  them.  I  do  not  know 
where  the  uncle  lived,  but  my  friend  was  a  Cum- 
berland man. 

I  also  remember  being  told  by  a  Somersetshire 
lady  that  a  relative  of  hers  (I  forget  in  what  de- 
gree), who  had  led  a  very  sad  life,  horrified  all 
those  who  were  waiting  on  him  at  his  death,  by 
declaring  he  saw  the  devil  seated  on  the  washing- 
stand,  ready  to  take  possession  of  his  prey. 

In  Mr.  Keble's  recently  published  Life  of  Bishop 
Wilson,  there  is  an  account  of  a  vision  of  angels 
seen  by  the  good  prelate  a  few  hours  before  his 
death.  I  have  not  the  work  now  with  me,  but 
the  notice  occurs  at  the  end  of  the  second  volume. 

W.  J.  D. 


MANORIAL  EIGHTS  (3rd  S.  iv.  352.)  —  The 
French  writer  probably  refers  to  the  sixth  chapter 
of  the  first  book  of  Columella,  where  the  following 
statement  occurs :  — "  Circa  villam  deinceps  hsec 
esse  oportebit;  furnum  et  pistrinum,  quantum 
futurus  numerus  colonorum  postulaverit."  There 
is  nothing  said  as  to  the  mode  in  which  these 
coloni  paid  for  the  use  of  these  things ;  it  was  pro- 
bably taken  into  account  in  the  rent  they  paid  for 
the  ground  which  they  worked.  C.  T.  RAMAGE. 

SIR  JOHN  WENLOCK  :  LORD  WENIX>CK  (3rd  S. 
iv.  326.) — John  Wenlock,  Esq.,  afterwards  Lord 
Wenlock,  had  a  wife,  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  co- 
heiress of  Sir  John  Drayton,  Knight,  but  had  no 


issue  by  her.  This  I  learn  from  a  release  (a  copy 
of  which  is  before  me)  to  them  and  John  Baren- 
tyn,  of  the  manor  of  Burghfield-Regis,  co.  Berks, 
19  Henry  VI.,  by  Richard  Duke  of  York,  and 
others.  I  am  sorry  I  can  give  no  fuller  inform- 
ation to  your  querist,  G.  R.  C.  R.  W.  DIXON. 

BOATING  PROVERB  (3rd  S.  iv.  370.)  —  Clemens 
Romanus,  in  his  First  Epistle  to  the  Corinthians, 
ch.  vii.  [iv.  2],  uses  the  words  —  eV  yap  T&  avry 
eo-juec  0-Kd/j.fj.an  ;  these  have,  however,  no  reference 
to  boats  or  water,  but  to  the  sandy  arena  of  the 
gymnastic  exercises,  as  the  next  words  KOI  5  ot/rbc 
iip.lv  aykv  tirlKetrut  shew,  the  meaning  being,  "  For 
we  are  on  the  same  arena,  and  the  same  contest 
awaits  us  :  "  "in  eadem  enim  arena  versamur,  et 
certamen  idem  nobis  impendet."  Had  Clemens 
said  ev  yap  -rfj  avrfj  fff/^ev  fficatyfi,  he  would  have  con- 
veyed the  sense  your  correspondent  attributes  to 
him  ^  but  this  would  have  been  inconsistent  with 
the  rest  of  the  sentence,  which  is  put  erroneously 
in  the  poetic  form.  The  mind  of  Clemens  was  most 
probably,  at  the  time  of  writing  these  words,  im- 
pressed with  the  passages  in  1  Cor.  iv.  9  ;  ix.  25-27  ; 
xv.  32  ;  2  Cor.  x.  13,  15,  16;  Gal.  vi.  16  ;  Eph.  vi. 
13-17  ;  Heb.  xii.  1,  or  others,  where  the  Christian 
course  is  compared  to  the  gymnastic  contests  of 
the  Greek  amphitheatre.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

I  have  not  access  to  the  Epistle  of  Clemens  from 
which  MR.  TRENCH  quotes,  and  therefore  write  in 
doubt,  but  I  cannot  help  thinking  that  the  passage 
in'question  has  no  allusion  to  boating.  I  am  not 
aware  whether  there  is  any  authority  for  the  use 
of  ffKapua  in  the  sense  of  "  boat  ;"  but  I  find  that 
the  usual  meaning  was,  "  a  pit  or  trench,"  and 
that  the  word  had  a  special  meaning  in  the  gym- 
nastic schools,  viz.,  "  a  place  dug  out  and  sanded, 
on  which  the  leapers  practised."  See  Liddell  and 
Scott's  Lexicon.  Taking  this  in  connection  with 
ay&v  in  the  next  line,  which  was  the  usual  word  to 
signify  a  contest  at  the  public  games,  I  find  it 
difficult  to  believe  that  the  passage  quoted  has  re- 
ference to  boating.  The  proverbial  expression, 
"  We  are  in  the  same  boat,"  appears,  however,  to 
be  older  than  Clemens.  We  have  it,  or  at  all 
events  the  same  idea,  in  the  Oration  of  Demo- 
sthenes, "De  Corona"  (Bekker)  :  —  owe  eVi  TTJS 
OUTTJS  op/xet  rols  iro\\ois,  i.  e.  TTJS  aJrijs  ayKvpas. 

R.  C.  HEATH. 


JONES  (3rd  S.  iv.  267,  ETC.)—  Paul  Jones 
in  good  company  :  — 

"  For  they  all  are  alike, 
And  the  De'il  pick  their  bones, 
Lord  North,  Jemmy  Twitcher, 
Charles  Fox,  and  Paul  Jones." 

This  was  the  chorus  of  a  once  popular  political 
song,  of  which  the  substance  was  probably  not 
worth  preserving.  Jemmy  Twitcher  was  Sir 
James  Lowther.* 

*  No.    Lord  Sandwich.  —  ED.  "  N.  &  Q." 


3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  28,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


437 


BOWLES  (3rd  S.  ii.  145,  254,  272.)— Anecdotes 
of  the  family  of  Bole,  Bollys,  Boles,  Bowles,  may 
be  read  in  Illingworth's  Account  of  the  Parish  of 
Scampton,  Lincolnshire,  pp.  42 — 65.  They  early 
intermarried  with  the  Harts  of  Sproston  Court, 
Yorkshire.  Mr.  John  Bowles,  in  1629,  a  member 
of  the  English  Corporation  for  the  Settlement  of 
Massachusetts  Bay,  in  New  England,  removed  to 
the  colony  about  ten  years  afterwards,  and  died 
Sept.  21,  1680,  but  his  parentage  is  unknown. 
Among  those  knighted  for  valour  at  Calais,  1596, 
was  John  Bowles. — Camden's  Elizabeth,  iv.  94. 

J.  W.  T. 

ROBERT  TROLLOP  (3rd  S.  iv.  354.) — Your  cor- 
respondent may  be  glad  of  the  following  passage 
about  the  tomb,  which  occurs  in  an  obituary 
notice  of  the  late  Joshua  Greene,  Esq.,  in  the 
Gateshead  Observer  (November  16,  1861): — 

"  He  was  a  collateral  descendant  of  the  Trollops,  the 
family  of  the  celebrated  architect  (the  builder  of  the  old 
Exchange  at  Newcastle,  and  the  Hall  at  Capheaton)  — 
and,  as  such,  inherited,  in  common  with  the  Dobsons,  as 
the  burying-place  of  his  family,  the  Mausoleum  in  St. 
Mary's  churchyard,  which  is  pretty  well  known  in  local 
history,  and  which  was  restored,  a  few  years  ago,  by  his 
son,  John  Greene,  Esq.,  of  Rodsley  House." 

Brand  alludes,  in  1789,  to  the  "  faint  traditionary 
account "  then  current,  "  which  he  did  not  much 
credit,"  of  a  statue  and  epitaph  in  St.  Mary's 
burial-ground,  overlooking  the  Newcastle  Ex- 
change on  the  opposite  shore  of  the  Tyne  —  an 
epitaph  which  does  not  seem  ever  to  have  had 
churchyard  existence,  but  to  have  simply  been 
written  and  circulated  in  Trollop's  lifetime  for 
amusement.  Apocryphal  as  it  is,  it  is  continually 
quoted  (and  will  no  doubt  continue  to  be)  in  col- 
lections of  epitaphs,  while  the  not  less  remarkable 
lines  on  John  Addison,  "  one  of  the  undertakers 
for  building  Tyne  Bridge,"  who  died  May  19, 
1776,  which  are  actually  to  be  found  in  this  Gates- 
head  cemetery  (although  fast  crumbling  to  decay), 
have  made  their  way  into  no  book,  but  were  re- 
cently printed  .  in  a  Newcastle  newspaper  (the 
Daily  Chronicle)  :  — 

"  Here  lies  interr'd  beneath  this  lap  of  Earth, 

A  Swain  to  others  and  himself  unknown ; 
Minerva  smil'd  upon  him  at  his  birth, 

And  Science  solely  marked  him  as  her  own. 
He  lived  belov'd,  and  sore  lamented  died ; 

The  Muses  mourn'd,  and  to  their  Fonts  retir'd.  ' 
The  Arts  sat  sullen,  hung  their  heads  and  cry'd, 

And  Science  wept,  when  Addison  expir'd." 

c. 

DANCING  IN  SLIPPERS  (3rd  S.  iv.  351.)  —  I  ap- 
prehend that  the  meaning  is,  that  the  Princess 
danced  in  low-heeled  shoes;  which,  if  the  date 
was  late  in  the  reign  of  George  III.,  would  be 
then  becoming  i'ashionable.  VEBNA. 

MODERN  CORRUPTIONS  (3rd  S.  iv.  370.)  —  The  ' 
slip-slop  custom  has,  as  to  some  of  the  instances  ! 


cited  by  MR.  PHILLIPS,  the  seal  of  antiquity.  We 
are  told  in  the  first  chapter  of  Genesis,  that  the 
waters  brought  forth  abundantly  fowl,  and  that 
man  was  commanded  to  have  dominion  over  the 
fish  of  the  sea,  and  over  the  fowl  of  the  air. 
Johnson's  Dictionary  states  that  both  these  words 
are  used  collectively ;  while,  as  to  chicken,  there 
seems  to  be  some  doubt  whether  it  be  not  the 
plural  of  chick — a  probability  supported  by  the 
ancient  proverb :  "  Children  and  chicken  must 
always  be  picking."  We  speak  of  ships'  biscuit, 
not  biscuits.  In  some  cases  the  tendency  seems 
to  be  to  pluralise  a  singular  word.  Thus,  farmers 
talk  of  the  effect  of  rain  upon  the  wheats ;  and 
village  goodies  in  some  parts  will  tell  you,  that  a 
sick  person  has  taken  nothing  but  "  a  few  broth." 
A  worse  corruption  than  these,  is  the  extending 
use  of  that  vile  word  "  reliable,"  which,  notwith- 
standing all  the  efforts  of  "  N.  &  Q."  to  strangle 
it  in  its  birth,  bids  fair  to  become  naturalised  on 
this  side  the  Atlantic. 

I  observe,  by-the-way,  that  The  Times  has  re- 
linquished an  attempt,  which  it  made  some  three 
years  since,  to  introduce  a  third  e  into  the  word 
freer,  which  for  some  time  always  appeared  there 
as  "freeer."  There  seemed  no  more  reason  to 
retain  a  third  e  there,  than  in  seer.  VEBNA. 

CORONETS  USED  BY  THE  FRENCH  NOBLESSE 
(3rd  S.  iv.  372.)  —  M.  B.  will  find  engravings  of 
the  coronets  used  by  the  French  noblesse  in  the 
seventeenth  century,  in  L' Armorial  Universel,  par 
C.  Segoing,  Historiographe  du  Roy,  Paris,  1679. 
From  a  second  title-page,  it  appears  that  this 
work  was  a  later  edition  of  one  entitled  Le  Grand 
Armorial  Universel,  published  at  Paris  in  1670. 

J.  WOODWARD. 

New-Shoreham. 

THE  COMPANY  OF  MERCHANTS'  ADVENTURERS 
(3rd  S.  iv.  372.) — Thomas  Aldersey,  the  "active 
member  of  this  Company,"  as  MR.  P.  S.  CAREY 
very  justly  calls  him,  was  the  second  son  of  John 
Aldersey,  Esq.,  of  Aldersey  and  Spurstow,  county 
Chester,  by  Anne,  daughter  and  heiress  of  Thomas 
Bird  of  Glutton,  in  the  same  county.  He  settled 
in  London  as  a  "  citizen  and  haberdasher,"  and 
was  for  many  years  a  prominent  member  of  the 
Haberdashers'  Company  of  that  city.  He  mar- 
ried Alice,  daughter  of  Richard  Calthrop,  of  Ant- 
ingham,  in  Norfolk,  .by  whom  he  left  no  issue. 
Shortly  after  the  date  of  his  letter  to  the  Lord 
Treasurer  Burleigh,  or  about  1576,  he  purchased 
from  the  crown  the  rectory  of  his  native  parish  of 
Bunbury,  near  Tarporley ;  and  by  leasing  the 
great  tithes,  and  other  sacrifices,  was  enabled  not 
only  to  make  provision  for  a  preacher  and  rector, 
but  also  to  found  what  is  now  known  as  the  Al- 
dersey Grammar  School  at  Bunbury.  The  patro- 
nage of  both  he  placed  in  the  hands  of  the  Haber- 
dashers' Company  of  London ;  who  have  at  this 


438 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  Nov.  28,  '63. 


moment  open,  in  their  gift,  the  preachership  of 
Bunbury,  just  vacated  by  the  resignation  of  the 
Rev.  W.  B.  Garnett.  In  the  school  at  Bunbury 
there  is  an  original  painting  of  the  founder, 
Thomas  Aldersey,  "  merchant  adventurer,"  in  his 
black  gown  and  ruff,  with  the  date  1588,  he  being 
then  in  his  sixty-sixth  year.  Mr.  Aldersey  died 
in  1599 ;  and  was  buried  at  Berden,  Essex.  MR. 
CARET  may  learn  more  of  his  (Mr.  Aldersey's) 
other  benefactions  by  referring  to  the  records  of 
the  London  Haberdashers'  Company. 

T.  HUGHES. 

Chester. 

THE  USE  OF  SEVERAL  CRESTS  (3rd  S.  iv.  372.)— 
A  second  crest  should  properly  be  used,  I  believe, 
only  under  the  following  circumstances :  — 

First.  When  the  arms  of  the  bearer  have  been 
honoured  with  an  augmentation,  a  second  crest 
has  very  frequently  been  conferred,  as  in  the  case 
of  Lords  Nelson  and  Collingwood ;  the  Marquis 
Wellesley,  Cameron  of  Fassifern,  &c.,  &c. 

Secondly.  When  a  person  has  received  the 
royal  license  to  use  the  name  and  arms  of  another 
family,  in  addition  to  his  own,  it  is  customary 
to  use  the  crests  of  both  families,  e.  g.  Godolphin- 
Osborne,  Gordon-Lennox,  &c.,  &c. 

But  many  people  now  use  (though  improperly) 
a  second  crest,  because  it  belongs  to  a  coat  which 
they  quarter  with  their  own. 

In  this  matter  as  well  as  (though  in  a  much 
less  degree)  in  the  matter  of  supporters,  there  is 
a  tendency  at  the  present  day  to  disregard  the 
old  rules  of  the  Heralds'  College.  Abroad,  and 
especially  in  Germany,  the  use  of  several  crests  is 
very  general. 

Many  princes  and  nobles  use  eight  or  ten  hel- 
mets and  crests,  according  to  the  number  of  fiefs 
by  which  they  were  entitled  to  vote  in  the  circles 
of  the  empire.  Thirteen  is  the  largest  number  I 
have  ever  seen  employed.  J.  WOODWARD. 

Xew-Shoreham. 

MITRNATITION  (3rd  S.  iv.  2.50.) — In  the  absence 
of  any  more  plausible  emendation,  for  I  think 
"the  judicious  reader"  will  not  accept  either  ex- 
termination or  migration,  I  would  with  some  diffi- 
dence offer  the  following.  Bishop  Hall  wrote  his 
Great  Mystery  of  Godliness  after  he  had  been 
debarred  the  exercise  of  his  episcopal  functions, 
and  expelled  from  his  palace.  Speaking,  there- 
fore, of  the  banishment  of  peace,  and  the  dissen- 
sions in  the  Christian  world,  I  conceive  that,  with 
a  quaint  allusion  to  the  dissensions  and  fierce 
enmities  which  brought  about,  and  which  in  his 
opinion  would  still  follow  from,  the  loss  of  epi- 
scopal rule,  and  the  deposition  of  himself  and  his 
brother  bishops,  he,  on  the  model  of  the  law-term 
extradition,  coined  either  mitradition  or  mitratra- 
dition,  to  express  the  deposition  of  peace  from 
that  rule  on  earth  to  which  she  had  been  conse- 


crated when  angels  sung  her  introit.  The  words 
"worst  of  enemies"  and"  adjudged,"  favour  the 
view  that  extradition  was  the  suggesting  form. 

BENJ.  EAST. 

EXECUTIONS  FOR  MURDER  (3rd  S.  iv.  268, 
335.) — I  am  obliged  by  the  answers  to  my  Query. 
Will  T.  B.  be  kind  enough  to  give  me  the  par- 
liamentary number  of  the  paper  to  which  he  re- 
fers in  the  Sessions  1861,  or  in  any  other  year 
that  is  easily  accessible  to  him  ? 

As  the  list  of  Parliamentary  Papers  delivered 
has  for  many  years  been  given  in  the  Justice  of 
the  Peace,  I  shall  by  reference  to  the  columns  of 
that  journal,  be  able  to  trace  out  the  numbers  in 
each  year,  and  thus  much  shorten  my  reference 
at  the  British  Museum,  or  my  order  to  my  Lon- 
don bookseller.  J.  P.  D. 

WILLIAM  CROSSLET  (3rd  S.  iv.  267.) — An  en- 
gineer of  the  name  of  Crossley  (I  know  not  whe- 
ther William  or  not)  executed  the  Brecknock  and 
Abergavenny  Canal,  with  its  railways,  after  the 

death  of  the  projector,  Dadford.  He  was 

afterwards  engaged  near  Manchester  on  canals 
(the  Macclesfield,  if  I  mistake  not,  amongst 
others).  About  1834y  he  was,  under  Robert 
Stephenson,  a  resident  engineer  on  a  division  of 
the  London  and  Birmingham  Railway,  then  in 
course  of  execution. 

The  name  of  Crossley  is  also  borne  by  the  en- 
gineer of  the  Midland  Railway,  whose  head- 
quarters are  at  Derby.  VRYAN  RHEGED. 

HAWKINS  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  iii.  205.)— The  article 
regarding  "  young  Hawkins,"  reminds  me  that  I 
possess  a  fine  copy  of  the  second  edition  of  L'Hep- 
tameron  de  Marguerite,  Royne  de  Navarre,  Paris, 
1560,  with  the  following  autograph  on  the  title: 
"  Thomas  Hawkyn,  Servitor  de  la  royne  d' Angle- 
terre."  The  name,  by  itself,  is  also  written  at 
the  end  of  the  volume.  The  penmanship  is  bold, 
firm,  and  distinct.  Can  any  of  the  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  inform  me  of  any  particulars  regard- 
ing this  Thomas  Hawkyn  ?  J.  D. 

Edinburgh. 

FAMILY  OF  GOOKIN  (3rd  S.  ii.  324,  397,  472.)— 
"  Vincent  Gookin,  Gent.,"  was  appointed  Sur- 
veyor-General of  Ireland,  Jan.  11,  A.D.  1657. 
See  Liber  Munerum  Publicorum  Hibernice,  vol.  i. 
part  n.  p.  137.  I  have  a  very  old  office-copy 
(certified  by  "  Brodrick,  Sur.-Gen.,")  of  an  order 
relating  to  lands,  of  July  1658,  signed  by  "  Vin. 
Gookin,  Surveyor- Gen11." 

Robert  Gookin,  Esq.,  of  Carrageen,  co.  Cork 
(who  died  in  1752),  was  married  to  Esther, 
daughter  of  Percy  Smyth,  Esq.,  of  Headborough, 
co.  Waterford.  Not  improbably,  this  Robert  was 
a  descendant  of  said  Vincent's.  See  Landed 
Gentry  (1863),  art.  "Smyth  of  Headborough." 

OUTIS. 


3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  28,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


439 


CROQUET  (3rd  S.  iv.  349.) — A  ROVER  has  car- 
ried into  effect  the  idea  which  has  before  sug- 
gested itself  to  me,  in  great  croquet  difficulties, 
of  applying  to  the  invaluable  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
May  I  be  allowed  to  put  the  two  following  cases, 
which  I  will  do  as  distinctly  and  briefly  as  I  can, 
leaving  them  to  the  consideration  of  croquet 
players?  Capt.  Mayne  Reid  has  not,  I  think, 
instanced  them  in  his  book  on  Croquet. 

The  game  is  drawing  to  a  close.  The  eight 
balls  are  almost  all  rovers ;  and  the  battle  is 
waging  fiercely  round  the  peg ! 

A.'s  ball  strikes  B.'s  ball,  arid,  glancing  off,  hits 
the  peg :  A.'s  becomes,  therefore,  a  dead  ball. 
But  A.  contends  for  the  privilege  of  croquetting 
B.'s  ball,  on  account  of  having  hit  it  before  hitting 
the  peg.  B.  remonstrates,  and  says  A.'s  ball  is  a 
dead  one ;  and,  therefore,  out  of  the  game,  and 
incapacitated  from  doing  anything.  But  as  the 
game  was  played,  A.  croquetted  B.'s  ball,  and 
then  retired  from  the  scene  of  action. 

The  second  case,  strange  enough,  happened  in 
the  same  game.  C.'s  ball  hits  D.'s  ball,  and 
causes  it  to  hit  the  peg —  to  the  detriment  of  D.'s 
side — D.'s  ball  being  a  useful  one.  Then  C.  pro- 
tests he  has  the  unalienable  right  of  taking  "  two 
turns,"  or  roquet-croquet  from  D.'s  ball.  D.'s 
side  violently  remonstrate  against  "  two  turns  " 
being  taken  from  a  dead  ball,  as  an  impossibility  ; 
but  in  the  game,  C.'s  point  is  carried. 

After  the  game  was  ended,  a  calmer  discussion 
ensued,  in  which  the  players  added  two  rules  to 
their  former  ones. 

1st.  A  ball  which  hits  another  ball,  and  then 
the  peg,  is  dead,  and  loses  the  right  of  croquet. 

2nd.  A  ball  which  kills  another  by  hitting  it 
against  the  peg,  has  another  turn  on  account  of 
having  hit  a  ball ;  but  has  no  right  to  any  croquet, 
as  it  is  impossible  to  croquet  a  dead  ball. 

Should  any  croquet  players  have  found  them- 
selves in  the  same  dilemma,  I  think  they  will 
arrive  at  the  same  conclusions  as  those  stated  by 

BLUE  BALL. 

SLEEPING  GARMENTS  (3rd  S.  iv.  332.)— Robert 
Johnson,  of  Riding  Mill,  a  few  miles  west  of 
Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  servant  to  Mr.  Thomas 
Errington,  miller,  slept  in  a  shirt  in  the  month  of 
August,  1672.  Examined  at  Morpeth  sessions  in 
support  of  a  charge  of  witchcraft  against  Ann 
Bates,  of  that  place,  the  wife  of  a  tanner,  and 
others,  he  deposed  that,  about  the  latter  end  of 
August,  1672,  late  at  night, — 

"  Lyeing  in  his  bed  at  Rydeing  Mill,  betwixt  two  of 
his  fellow-servants,  he  heard  a  man,  as  he  thought,  call 
at  the  dore,  and  ask  whoe  was  within.  Upon  which  this 
informant  rose,  and  went,  and  layd  his  head  against  the 
chamber  window  to  know  whoe  it  was  that  called,  and 
he  heard  a  great  noise  of  horse  feet,  as  though  it  had 
been  an  army  of  men.  Whereupon  he  called,  but  none 
would  answer.  Soe  he  returned  to  his  bed ;  and  the  next 


morning,  rising  out  of  bed,  he  wanted  his  shirt,  which 
seeking  after  he  accused  his  two  fellow-servants,  which 
were  amazed  at  the  thing,  and  denyed  that  ever  they 
knew  of  it,  which  this  informant  further  searching  after, 
found  it  lapt  upp  under  his  pillow  at  his  bed-head." 

The  mystery  was  explained  to  the  magistrates 
by  Anne  Armstrong,  of  Birchin  Nooke,  spinster, 
a  witch-finder ;  for  she,  being  present  at  a  mid- 
night meeting  of  witches,  heard  — 

"  Anne  Forster,  Michaell  Ainsly,  and  Lucy  Thompson, 
confess  to  the  divell ;  and  the  said  Michaell  told  the  divell 
that  he  called  3  severall  times  at  Mr.  Errington's  kitchen 
dore,  and  made  a  noise  like  an  host  of  men.  And  that 
night,  the  divell  asking  them  how  they  sped,  they 
answered,  nothing,  for  they  had  not  got  power  of  the 
miller,  but  they  got  the  shirt  of  his  bak,  as  he  was  lyeing 
betwixt  women,  and  laid  it  under  his  head,  and  stroke 
him  dead  another  time,  in  revenge  he  was  an  instrument 
to  save  Raiph  Ellington's  daughter  from  goeing  downe 
the  water  and  drowneing,  as  they  intended  to  have  done." 
(Surtees  Society's  Publications,  vol.  xl.,  pp.  195,  198.) 

C. 

RIDDLE  (3rd  S.  iv.  188,  277,  338.)  — At  the 
first  of  these  references  will  be  found  the  following 
riddle,  proposed  by  MB.  DE  MORGAN  :  — 

"  My  first,  invisible  as  air, 
Apportions  things  of  earth  by  line  and  square. 
The  soul  of  pathos,  eloquence  and  wit, 
My  second  shows  each  passion's  changeful  fit. 
My  whole,  though  motionless,  declares 
In  many  ways  how  every  body  fares." 

At  the  second  reference  will  be  found  an- 
answer  which  I  hazarded,  the  word  gaslight.  But 
to  this  MR.  DE  MORGAN  objected,  as  appears  at 
p.  338..  I  have  now  another  answer  to  suggest, 
the  word  tollbar,  which  I  think  answers  all  the 
three  requisites.  A  toll  is  laid  on  in  proportion 
to  measurement  of  certain  goods,  and  certain  dis- 
tances. The  bar  is  the  scene,  and  source,  and 
we  may  say,  soul  of  eloquence,  and  shows  the 
workings  of  the  various  passions  :  and  the  tollbar 
certainly  shows  how  everybody  fares,  that  is  tra- 
vels, and  also  fares  as  to  worldly  riches,  which  so 
often  regulate  the  mode  of  travelling.  Can  this 
be  the  true  answer  ?  F.  C.  H. 

THE  WILL  OF  WILLIAM  THTNNE  (3rd  S.  iv.  365.) 
Neither  the  will,  nor  the  epitaph  of  William 
Thynne  can  be  taken  as  affording  any  evidence 
that  he  had  adopted  the  Protestant  religion.  He 
bequeaths  his  soul  to  his  "  sweet  Saviour,  through 
Christ  his  only  Redeemer"— how  he  distinguishes 
the  two  is  quite  unintelligible,  and  sounds  rather 
Nestorian ;  but  let  that  pass.  He  believes  himself 
to  be  "  one  of  the  holy  company  of  heaven,  through 
the  merits  of  Christ's  passion,  and  no  otherwise." 
Such  would  be  the  sentiments  and  language  of 
all  Catholics ;  and  there  is  certainly  nothing  here 
to  prove  that  this  man  was  anything  else.  Next 
as  to  a  Protestant  spirit  pervading  his  epitaph, 
such  an  assumption  is  equally  unfounded.  In  the 
first  place,  it  says :  "  Pray  for  the  soul  of  Mr. 


440 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'*  S.  IV.  Nov.  28,  '63. 


Thynne,"  which  is  decidedly  Catholic,  and  not 
Protestant.  In  the  latter  part,  it  expresses  a 
belief  that  God's  mercies  freely  offer  "  to  all  them 
that  earnestly  repent  their  sins,  eternal  life, 
through  the  death  of  his  dearly  beloved  Son 
Christ  Jesus."  Assuredly  this  is  sound  Catholic 
doctrine,  and  it  would  be  highly  injurious  to  the 
professors  of  the  Catholic  religion  to  impute  to 
them  any  other. 

The  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  are  not  the  proper 
place  for  controversy  ;  but  when  unjust  imputa- 
tions are  admitted,  a  moderate  explanatory  de- 
fence will  in  fairness  be  conceded.  F.  C.  H. 

QUARTERLY  REVIEWS  (3rd  S.  iv.  226,  316.)  —  I 
quite  agree  with  your  correspondent?,  MK.  S. 
SHAW  and  GRIME,  as  to  the  want  of  an  Index  to 
the  Quarterlies  ;  and  having  access  to  the  Edin- 
burgh and  the  Quarterly,  I  am  about  to  commence 
an  Index  thereof.  Will  some  of  your  readers 
give  me  a  complete  list  of  the  Quarterly  Reviews, 
with  the  date  of  their  commencement,  and  if  not 
now  published,  when  discontinued  ?  I  shall  be 
glad  of  any  suggestions  on  the  subject. 

W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 

Rugeley,  Staffordshire. 

BAPTISM  OF  BELLS  (3rd  S.  iv.  381.)— The  bell 
referred  to  with  the  inscription  "  Alfredus  Rex," 
was  one  of  a  set  belonging  to  a  chapel  in  the 
parish  of  St.  Minver,  Cornwall.  Besides  the 
•parish  church,  there  were  two  chapels,  one  dedi- 
cated to  St.  Michael,  and  the  other  to  St.  Enodoc. 
Some  repairs  being  wanted,  the  bells  were  sold  to 
raise  the  necessary  funds  ;  but  this  was  not  a  re- 
cent transaction,  having  taken  place  towards  the 
middle  of  last  century,  and  the  bells  were  most 
probably  cast  long  after  the  time  of  King  Alfred. 

WM.  SANDYS. 

SWING  (3rd  S.  iv.  271,  339.)— Your  correspon- 
dent who  asks  concerning  this  nominis  umbra  may 
be  referred  to  a  dramatic  production  of  the  once 
celebrated  "  Devil's  Chaplain," — 

"  Swing ;  or,  Who  are  the  Incendiaries  ?  A  Tragedy, 
Founded  on  late  circumstances,  and  as  performed  at  the 
Rotunda."  By  the  Rev.  Robert  Taylor,  A.B.  London, 
Printed  and  published  by  Richard  Carlile,  &c.  Svo,  1831." 

The  dramatis  persona  of  this  piece  are,  the 
Archbishop  of  Cant— ,  Rev.  Dr.  Elijah  Brimstone, 
Judge  Jeneries,  Old  Swing,  John  Swing,  Francis 
Swinw,  Sally  Swing,  Polly  Swing,  Ebenezer 
Sanctity,  Richard  Jones,  and  Robert  the  Devil, 
or  the  Genius  of  Reason. 

The  tragedy  opens  with  a  conference  between 
the  Archbishop  and  Judge  Jeff'eries  in  the  Palace 
at  Croydon,  and  concludes  with  the  hanging  of 
the  latter  to  a  lamp-post  by  the  mob,  and  the 
preparation  of  fire-balls,  "  the  power  of  the  Igni- 
potent,"  by  the  Swings ;  then  we  have  "  the 
Archbishop's  Palace  in  a  blaze ;  the  Archbishop 
himself  flying  from  room  to  room  in  frantic 


horror."      He    is,  however,  saved   from   a   fiery 
death  by  Swing,  who,  in  return,  is  placed  by  him 
on  the  throne  as  "  citizen  King,"  from  which  he 
speedily  descends  with  the  peroration  :  — 
"  Then  Swing  resigns  his  Kingship, 
And  will  return,  a  British  Cincinnatus, 
To  the  plough,  from  whence  he  sprang ; 
Happy  to  have  taught  the  world,  tho'  by  a  fiery  lesson — 
The  noblest  moral  Heaven  itself  could  give, 
'  Who'd  live  himself,  must  let  his  neighbour  live  !  '  " 

WILLIAM  BATES. 
Edgbaston. 

PHOENIX  FAMILY  (3rl  S.  iv.  247.) — In  answer 
to  J.  C.  L.'s  query,  I  can  only  inform  him  that  at 
the  time  I  wrote,  Phoenix  was  a  tobacconist  in 
Cock  Street,  Wolverhampton.  His  name  does  not 
appear  in  the  Directory  for  1864,  just  published. 
Any  inquiry  in  the  town  would  probably  discover 
his  present  address.  S.  T. 

HERALDIC  (3rd  S.  iv.  372.)  —  Crests,  as  family 
cognizances,  appear  to  have  been  transmitted, 
anciently,  from  one  house  to  another,  in  repre- 
sentation. In  modern  English  heraldry  they  are 
borne  (with  the  arms)  when,  and  when  only,  the 
"  name  and  arms "  of  other  than  one's  paternal 
family  are,  by  license,  assumed. 

In  Scottish  and  Foreign  Heraldry,  the  custom 
or  law  is  different. 

Boyer's  Theatre  of  Honour  is  the  best  work 
M.  B.  can  consult  on  the  subject  of  French  Coro- 
nets of  the  last  two  centuries.  S.  T. 

SYMBOLISM  IN  STONES  (3rd  S.  iv.  248.) — OXON. 
will  find  some  information  on  this  subject  in  the 
August  number  of  the  Family  Friend,  1 860. 

W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 

EPITAPHS  (3rd  S.  iv.  19.)— The  following  in- 
scription may  be  fitly  adduced  as  a  scholium  on 
the  Epitaph  "  Quod  fuit  esse,"  &c.  — 

"  Improve  time  in  time,  while  time  doth  last ; 
For  all  time  is  no  time,  when  time  hath  past." 

Which  I  thus  Latinise :  — 

"Proftciatur  tempus  in  tempore,  dum  tempus  duret; 
Quia   omne   tempus  non  est  tempus,   quum    tempus 
abiit." 

J.L. 

"  LONDON  UNIVERSITY  MAGAZINE  "  (3rd  S.  iv. 
247.) — I  have  delayed  thus  long  in  answering  the 
query  of  MR.  W.  E.  BAXTER,  hoping  to  be  able 
to  send  him  a  file  of  this  work.  As  I  find  my- 
self unable  to  secure  one  in  the  quarter  I  ex- 
pected, I  now  reply.  This  Magazine  was  printed 
and  published  by  the  Dissenting  firm  of  Judd  & 
Glass,  which  became  defunct  soon  after  the  Maga- 
zine did,  which  event  happened  in  1859  as  re- 
gards the  first  series,  in  1860  as  regards  the 
second.  If  my  friend  will  take  my  advice,  he 
will  abandon  his  desire  to  possess  a  set.  I  assure 
him  that  greater  rubbish  never  issued  from  the 
press.  GEORGE  F.  CHAMBERS. 


S«i  S.  IV.  Xov.  28,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


441 


SCALDING  THURSDAY  (3rd  S.  iv.  320.)  — The 
date  being  Sept.  24,  I  presume  that  Scalding 
Thursday  was  a  homely  term  for  the  day  of  pre- 
paration for  that  high-day  Michaelmas,  when  the 
victim  goose  was  scalded,  plucked,  and  hung.  A 
week's  hanging  is  the  rule  for  a  goose. 

BENJ.  EASY. 

JOHN  CANNE  (3rd  S.  iv.  397.) — A  reprint  of  the 
Necessity  of  Separation,  edited  by  the  Rev.  Charles 
Stovel,  was  published  by  the  Hanserd  Knollys 
Society  in  1849,  8vo.  The  original  title  is  given, 
the  date  of  which  is  1634.  A  very  long  and  in- 
teresting introduction  by  the  editor  includes  a 
chronological  list  of  his  works  (in  which  is  given 
Stevens'  conjectural  date  of  Canne's  death,  1667), 
a  list  of  works  consulted,  and  a  variety  of  curious 
information  which  might  interest  C.  K. 

SOLSBERG. 

PISCINAE  NEAR  ROODLOFTS  (3rd  S.  iv.  270, 
361.)  —  There  appears  to  be  some  difference  of 
opinion  amongst  your  correspondents  as  to  the 
probability  of  a  piscina  being  situated  near  a 
roodloft ;  after  duly  considering  the  subject,  how- 
ever, I  am  inclined  to  think  that  the  one  at 
Maxey  is  a  genuine  piscina.  In  the  first  place  it  is 
a  well  known  fact,  that  though  piscinas  are  for 
the  most  part  found  in  the  chancel,  yet  they  are 
frequently  met  with  at  the  eastern  ends  of  the 
aisles,  of  the  nave,  and  elsewhere.  And  also  that, 
although  we  may  generally  conclude  from  the 
appearance  of  a  piscina  that  an  altar  formerly 
existed  there,  this  does  not  universally  apply  ;  as 
e.  g.  piscinae  found  in  vestries  where  the  officiat- 
ing priest  washed  his  hands  before  putting  on  his 
robes ;  and  again,  in  the  case  of  the  high  altar, 
Arundel  Church,  Sussex.  Piscinae  were  fre- 
quently added  into  structures  of  an  earlier  date. 
This  I  have  elsewhere  shown  to  be  the  case  with 
reference  to  roodlofts  themselves.  We  meet  oc- 
casionally also  witli  a  piscina  in  a  crypt,  as  the 
one  of  Norman  character  in  the  crypt  of  Glouces- 
ter Cathedral.  JOHN  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 

EIKON  BASILIKE  (3rd  S.  iii.  128,  179,  220,  254, 
339.) — The  accompanying  inscription  will  interest 
some  correspondents  who  have  written  on  this 
subject ;  and  is,  |I  think,  worthy  of  a  niche  in 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  in  order  to  preserve  it,  otherwise  it 
will  soon  be  forgotten. 

The  inscription  in  question  was  painted  on  the 
south  wall  of  the  chancel  of  Handborough  Church, 
in  the  county  of  Oxford — a  benefice  in  the  gift  of 
the  President  and  Fellows  of  St.  John's  College 
in  that  University — but  has  now  been  obliterated 
owing  to  the  walls  of  the  chancel  having  been 
scraped.  The  author  of  it  is  supposed  to  have 
been  Richard  Baylie,  President  of  St.  John's  and 
Rector  of  Handborough,  who  was  connected 
with  Archbishop  Laud  by  marriage.  He  was  dis- 
placed during  the  time  of  Cromwell ;  but  subse- 


quently restored,  and  eventually  became  Dean  of 
Salisbury  Cathedral,  when  the  king  enjoyed  his 
own  again. 

"  M.  S. 
Sanetissimi  Regis  et  Martyris,  Caroli. 

Siste  Viator, 
Lege,  obmutesce,  mirare : 

ilemento  Caroli  illius 
Xominis  pariter,  et  pietatis  insignissimae,  Primi, 

Britannias  Magnaj  Regis, 
Qui  rebelliura  perfidia  primo  deceptus, 
Dein  perfidorum  rabie  perculsus, 
Inconcussus  tamen  legum  et  fidei 

Defensor, 
Schismaticorum  tyrannidi  succubuit, 

Anno 

Salutis  humana?  1G48, 

Servitutis  nostrse,  felicitatis  suae,  primo, 

Corona  terrestri  spoliatus,  ccelesti  donatus. 

At  sileant  periturae  Tabellae : 

Perlege  reliquias  vere  sacras 

Carolinas, 

in  queis 

Sui  mnemosynem  sere  perenniorem 

Vivacius  exprimit  ilia,  ilia 

EIKflN  BA2IAIKH." 

OXONIENSIS. 

ROBERT  WAIXACE  (3rd  S.  iv.  395.)  — The  Rev. 
Robert  Wallace  died  at  Bath,  May  13,  1850,  soon 
after  the  publication  of  his  elaborate  and  very 
learned  work,  Antitrinifarian  Biography*  S.  Y.  R. 
is  mistaken  in  supposing  that  Mr.  Wallace  had 
just  completed  his  studies  under  the  Rev.  C.  Well- 
beloved.  He  quitted  his  college  in  1815.  From 
that  year  till  1840  he  resided  at  Chesterfield. 
He  then  filled  for  six  years  the  office  of  Theo- 
logical Professor  at  Manchester,  and  the  remainder 
of  his  life  he  spent  at  Bath.  Mr.  Wallace's  other 
publications  were  a  few  single  sermons  and  lec- 
tures, and  two  papers :  one  on  "  The  English 
Verb,"  delivered  before  the  Philosophical  Society 
at  Chesterfield,  1832;  the  other,  "On  the  Ictis  of 
Diodorus  Siculus,  read  before  the  Literary  and 
Philosophical  Society  of  Manchester,  1845." 

JEROM  MUBCH. 
Cranwells,  near  Bath. 

JULIAN  BUSBY  (3rd  S.  iv.  348.)  — Julian  Busby, 
the  third  son  of  Dr.  Busby,  was  admitted  a  student 
of  Lincoln's  Inn  on  July  15,  1813,  and  at  the 
Inner  Temple  on  November  8,  1822.  He  was 
called  to  the  bar  in  Michaelmas  Term,  1822.  He 
died  in  Dr.  Sutherland's  Lunatic  Asylum,  Jan.  27, 
1850.  The  above  is  from  the  books  of  the  Inner 
Temple,  and  is  most  likely  correct.  The  Law 
List,  1842,  gives  his  call  Michaelmas,  1827.  Per- 
sonal recollections  without  notes  are  not  much  to 
ae  relied  on  against  printed  matter,  but  I  have  a 
strong  impression  that  I  saw  him  in  a  wig,  in 
Hilary  Term,  1827.  I  found  him  on  the  Oxford 
circuit  when  I  joined  it  in  1828.  His  age  was  a 
matter  of  doubt,  and  provocative  of  small  facetiae, 
le  looked  dry  and  old  when  I  first  saw  him,  and 
twenty  years  made  no  perceptible  difference  in  his 


442 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3r*  S.  IV.  Nov.  28,  '63. 


appearance.  When  sworn  in  at  tbe  Court  of 
King's  Bench,  he  knew  the  oaths  of  Allegiance 
and  Supremacy,  and  recited  them  a  word  or  two 
in  advance  of  the  officer  of  the  court.  The 
juvenile  barristers  were  puzzled  at  this  know- 
ledge, and  one  said,  "  Probably  he  had  a  hand 
in  drawing  the  oaths."  I  do  not  think  he  could 
have  been  "Dr."  Julian  Busby  in  1811,  or  that 
he  ever  graduated  as  Mus.  D. ;  but  he  was  a 
pleader  many  years  before  his  call  to  the  bar,  and 
a  music-master  before  he  was  a  pleader.  He  was 
a  poor  speaker  in  banco,  and  worse  to  a  jury,  but 
a  sound  lawyer,  and  a  man  of  good  reading.  He 
was  kind,  generous,  and  strictly  honourable ;  and 
though  his  mind,  like  his  body,  seemed  to  belong 
to  an  age  when  the  circuit  leaders  were  little  boys, 
he  was  an  agreeable  companion  when  he  abstained 
from  punning.  He  had  a  large  junior  business  for 
a  few  years,  but  it  gradually  fell  away,  and  signs 
of  insanity  began  to  be  noticed,  I  think,  about 
1842.  He  was  a  first-rate  musician,  and  one 
evening  at  Serjeant  Talfourd's,  while  at  the 
piano,  and  quadrilles  were  going  on,  he  suddenly 
diverged  into  the  overture  of  "  La  Clemenza  di 
Tito,"  and  was  angry  that  the  dancers  would  not 
adapt  themselves  to  such  good  music.  It  became 
necessary  to  put  him  under  restraint,  and  it  was 
found  that  he  had  exhausted  the  savings  of  his 
music  and  pleading,  having  given  more  than  he 
had  spent.  The  Benchers  of  the  Inner  Temple 
placed  him  at  Dr.  Sutherland's,  where  he  had  a 
piano,  and  my  worthy  and  kind  friend,  the  late 
William  Whately,  often  called  to  see  that  he  was 
comfortable,  and,  I  believe,  always  found  him  so. 
AN  INNER  TEMPLAR. 

BLAIR'S  "GRAVE"  (3rd  S.  iv.  392.)  —  John 
Kitto  (afterwards  the  celebrated  Dr.  K.),  in  his 
Essays  and  Letters,  Plymouth,  n.d.,  written,  for 
the  most  part,  while  yet  a  poor  pauper  lad,  says, 
under  the  head  of  "  Desultory  Reflections,"  that 
he  had  repeatedly  perused  Mickle's  Pollio  with 
undiminished  interest,  and  remarks  that  a  passage 
in  it  bears  a  great  resemblance  to  that  in  Blair's 
Grave,  which  is  the  subject  of  J.  M.'s  communica- 
tion, adding  that  the  idea  conveyed  by  both  is 
borrowed  from  the  older  poet  Norris. 

Dr.  Anderson,  in  his  edition  of  the  Poetical 
Works  of  Blair,  1802,  had  previously  pointed  out 
other  borrowings  from  Quarles,  and,  curiously 
enough,  from  an  obscure  poem  entitled  Freedom, 
1730,  by  the  famous  And.  Brice,  of  Exeter.  My 
object  is  not,  however,  so  much  with  the  plagia- 
risms of  Blair  as  with  the  circumstances  connected 
with  the  original  publication  of  The  Grave,  which 
J.  M.  has  apparently  forgotten.  We  are  not  told 
that  this  successful  poem  was  ever  offered  to  the 
Edinburgh  publishers,  but  we  find  the  author  had 
misgivings  as  to  its  merit,  and  preferred  sub- 
mitting his  MS.  to  Dr.  Isaac  Watts,  who  not  only 


stamped  it  with  his  approval,  but  Brought  about 
its  publication  in  London  not  without  difficulty. 
The  first  edition  of  The  Grave  is  no  doubt  an 
interesting  article  for  the  poetical  collector.  I 
have  got  as  near  it  as  the  second,  8vo,  pp.  45. 
London:  Printed  for  M.  Fenner,  1743.  The 
original,  bearing  the  title,  "  The  Grave,  a  Poem 
by  Rob.  Blair,  the  house  appointed  for  all  living," 
is  a  quarto,  pp.  39,  Lond.  Printed  for  M.  Cooper, 
at  the  Globe  in  Paternoster  Row,  1743,  and  is  in 
the  British  Museum.  The  public  appreciation  of 
the  poem  is  marked  by  its  immediate  reprint. 
There  were  at  least  five  editions  of  the  poem  in 
London  before  that  of  Edinburgh,  1747,  called  by 
your  correspondent  the  first.  A.  G. 

GREEK  PHRASE  (3rd  S.  iv.  319,  339.)— The  ex- 
pression aTTOff^evSoviaa-a  \iOovs  is  found  in  Diodorus 
Siculus,  book  iii.  chap,  xxvii.  of  Wesseling's  edit. 
Bipont.  1793 ;  and  in  the  same  edition  airoff^evSova 
Ai'0ouy  is  found  at  lib.  ii.  c.  50.  In  the  Vatican 
manuscript  a.iroa(t>tv§ovi%ti  is  read.  JElian  (Nat.  An. 
iv.  37)  copies  the  account  of  the  ostrich  from  Di- 
odorus, but  uses  fftyevSova.  The  word  will  be  found 
in  another  passage  of  Plutarch  (Adversus  Stoicos 
de  communibus  notitiis,  c.  viii.  in  the  edition  of 
Wyttenbach,  Ox  on.  1795)  d  Alxas  M  rov  'Hpanieovs 
a.iroff(pei>$ovu>/j.tvos.  Diodorus  states  in  these  passages 
that  the  ostrich  (Strutho  camelus~)  when  it  is  pur- 
sued, throws  back  with  its  feet,  as  from  a  sling, 
stones  as  large  as  the  fist,  and  with  such  force  as 
to  knock  down  the  pursuing  horseman.  Is  this 
apocryphal,  or  can  it  be  substantiated  by  the 
experience  of  any  of  your  readers  ?  Xenophon 
(Anab.  i.  5)  gives  a  description  of  the  mode  of 
catching  the  bird  without  alluding  to  this  power 
in  its  feet.  Claudian  (in  Eutrop.  ii.  310)  seems 
to  hint  to  something  of  the  kind :  — 

"  Vasta  velut  Libyse  venantum  vocibus  ales 
Cum  premitur,  calidas  cursu  transmittit  arenas." 

C.  T.  RAMAGE. 

THE  EARL  OF  SEFTON  (3rd  S.  iv.  317,  403.)  — 
I  do  not  see  any  reason  why  one  or  two  corre- 
spondents seem  to  be  angry  with  an  assertion 
which  I  made,  that  an  Earl  of  Sefton  was  a  Catho- 
lic clergyman,  which  assertion  is  true.  R.  W.  D. 
says  I  was  unfortunate  in  my  reference.  I  fear 
he  is  more  unfortunate  when  he  states  that  my 
reference  was  to  the  first  Earl  of  Sefton.  I  never 
said  the  first  earl,  as  he  will  see  if  he  looks  to  the 
note,  but  an  earl.  As  accuracy  is  everything,  I 
trust  the  Editor  will  insert  this  to  set  me  right, 
and  I  have  done  with  a  point  that  has  seemed  to 
raise  the  ire  of  other  correspondents.  Why  should 
the  fact  put  anyone  in  ill  humour  ?  S.  REDMOND. 
Liverpool. 

ORIENTAL  QUERIES  (3rd  S.  iv.  394.)  —  !.  The 
zarf  is  used  in  Turkey,  according  to  Murray's 
Hand- Book  for  Turkey  (p.  31),  and  for  which 
Urquhart's  Spirit  of  the  East  is  the  authority.  - 


3rd  S.  IV.  Nov.  28,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


443 


2.  The  Christians  at  Antioch  claim  St.  Peter 
for  their  first  bishop  (Etheridge,  p.  24),  and  the 
cock  is  his  emblem. 

3.  The   author  of  the  Nighiaristan   says   that 
Nicephorus,  Emperor  of  the  Greeks,  gave  Haroun 
Raschid  many  excellent   swords,  which   Haroun 
cut  through  the  middle  with  his  sword  Samsamah. 
He  had  this  sword  from  Amrou-ebn-Maadi-Carb, 
by  whose  name  it  is  best  known  (D'Herbelot,  ii. 
207).     This  is  the  only  sword  of  Haroun  known 
to  history. 

4.  The  correct,  or,  in  speaking  of  the  spelling 
of  oriental  terms  in  English,  the  most  usual  mode 
is  yataghan,  not  yatighan  (Hyde  Clarke's  Dic- 
tionary.) 

5.  Under  the  head   "  Sanscrit  Language   and 
Literature  "  (Penny  Cyc.  xx.  397),  the  Pali  is  de- 
scribed as  the  oldest  of  the  Indian  dialects,  and  that 
which  deviates  least  from  the  Sanscrit.     See  Ade- 
lung's  Mithridates  (i.  176)  under  the  title,  Bali. 

Hindustani  is  also  derived  from  the  Sanscrit, 
but  is  mixed  with  Arabic  and  Persian.  (Penny 
Cyc.,  xii.  228.)  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

NORMANDY  (3rd  S.  iv.  372.)— Charles  the  Sim- 
ple concluded  a  treaty  at  St.  Clair-sur-Epte,  in  the 
year  912,  with  Hollo,  by  which  he  abandoned  that 
part  of  Neustria  which  extended  from  the  rivers 
Andelle  and  Aure  to  the  ocean,  adding  part  of 
the  Vexin  situate  between  the  rivers  Andelle  and 
Epte,  as  also  Bretagne.  See  Koch,  Tableau  des 
Revolutions  (i.  86),  and  the  authorities,  Duchesne, 
Pontoppidan,  and  Langebeck,  to  whom  he  refers ; 
also  Sismondi  (iii.  328),  and  his  authorities. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

SMITH  OF  NEVIS  (3rd  S.  iv.  104.)  —  C.  E.  S.  is 
exploring  a  dangerous  region  of  heraldic  error. 
Armorial  bearings  in  the  colonies,  even  more  than 
in  England,  are  to  be  received  with  extreme  cau- 
tion, for  they  rarely  stand  the  test  of  a  reference 
to  the  legal  authorities  on  the  subject.  S. 

PEW  RESTS  (3rd  S.  iv.  373.)  —  Before  the  Re- 
formation no  seats  devoted  to  particular  persons 
were  allowed,  and  at  the  present  day  no  property 
in  pews  can  be  obtained  by  the  general  ecclesiasti- 
cal law.  Pew  rents  exist  in  the  case  of  churches 
built  either  by  special  Act  of  Parliament,  or  under 
the  provisions  of  the  Church  Building  Acts,  the  prin- 
cipal of  which  are  58  Geo.  III.  c.  45  ;  59  Geo.  III. 
c.  134 ;  3  Geo.  IV.  c.  72 ;  1  &  2  Will.  IV.  c.  38  ; 
6  &  7  Viet.  c.  37 ;  and  8  &  9  Viet.  c.  70 ;  and  a 
complete  list  may  fae  found  in  Stephen's  Commen- 
taries (iii.  116,  5th  edit.)  A  summary  of  their 
provisions  is  contained  in  Prideaux's  Duties  of 
Churchwardens  (chap.  iv.  §  1,  9th  edit.)  By  those 
Acts  the  churchwardens  have  the  whole  manage- 
ment of  the  letting  of  the  pews,  and  are  the  proper 
persons  to  sue  in  default  of  payment.  The  com- 
missioners, however,  determine  the  amount  to  be 
paid  by  the  parishioners,  and  may  direct  that  a 


certain  stipend  shall  be  alloted  to  the  incumbent 
and  clerk,  and  any  surplus,  after  payment  of  such 
stipend  and  expenses,  shall  be  invested  for  the 
purpose — 1 .  Of  purchasing  a  house  for  the  incum- 
bent ;  and,  2.  For  augmenting  his  stipend,  reduc- 
ing the  pew  rents,  or  increasing  the  accommodation 
of  the  church  (59  Geo.  III.  c.  134,  ss.  26  &  27.) 
On  this  subject  consult  also  Burn's  Ecclesiastical 
Law  (i.  358-367,  9th  edit.),  and  Cripp's  Law  of 
Church  and  Clergy  (book  iii.  chap.  iii.  2nd  edit.) 
WYNNE  E.  BAXTER. 

THE  BUFFS  (3rd  S.  iv.  403.)  —  The  tradition 
that  the  Third  Foot  received  the  name  of  "  The 
Buffs"  from  their  belts  having  at  first  been  made 
of  buffalo  hide  is  not  supported  by  history ;  and 
that  the  regiment  received  its  title  owing  to  its 
having  worn  leather  in  the  Peninsula,  on  account 
of  the  clothing  having  been  worn  out,  is  also  with- 
out any  solid  foundation.  This  designation  arose 
from  the  uniform  being  lined  and  faced  with  buff", 
and  from  the  waistcoats,  breeches,  and  stockings 
being  of  that  colour.  In  1684  occurs  the  earliest 
notice  of  this  peculiarity,  the  uniform  being  de- 
scribed as  scarlet  lined  with  flesh  or  ash  colour, 
with  the  other  portions  of  the  dress  above  men- 
tioned of  the  same  tint,  which  must  have  been  a 
light  bufF.  The  regiment  still  retains  this  time- 
honoured  title,  and  its  facings  continue  to  be  buff. 
The  uniform  was  never  faced  with  leather. 

THOMAS  CARTER. 

Horse  Guards. 

CRAPAUD  RING  (3rd  S.  iv.  351.) — Lupton,  in 
his  Thousand  Notable  Things,  mentions  — 

"  Toadstone,  called  Crepaudina,  touching  any  part  en- 
venomed, hurt,  or  stung  with  rat,  spider,  wasp,  or  any 
other  venomous  beast,  causes  the  pain  or  swelling  thereof 
to  cease." 

The  ring  was  believed  to  indicate  to  the  person 
who  wore  it  the  proximity  of  poison  by  per- 
spiring and  changing  colour.  Fenton,  who  wrote 
in  1569,  says :  — 

"  There  is  to  be  found  in  the  heads  of  old  and  great 
toads,  a  stone  they  call  borax  or  stelon,  used  as  a  ring, 
gives  forewarning  "against  venom.  Its  composition  is  not 
accurately  known ;  by  some  it  is  thought  to  be  a  stone, 
by  others  a  shell ;  but  of  whatever  it  may  be  formed, 
there  is  to  be  seen  in  it  a  figure  resembling  that  of  a 
toad." 

Albertus   Magnus    says :    "  The    stone  always 
bears  the  figure  on  its  surface  when   taken  out 
of  the  toad's  head."     The  lines  of  Shakspeare  are 
of  course  well  known  to  every  reader.     Ben  Jon- 
son  in  The  Fox  (Act  II.  Sc.  3,  Corvino),  has  — 
"  Or  were  you  enamour'd  on  his  copper  rings, 
His  saffron  jewel,  with  the  toadstone  in't?  " 

And  Lyly,  in  his  Euphues,  says :  — 

"  The  foul  toad  hath  a  faire  stone  in  his  head." 

W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 


444 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  IV.  Xov.  28,  '63. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

Industrial  Biography.     Iron   Workers  and  Tool  Makers. 

By  Samuel  Smiles.    (Murray.) 

He  must  be  a  bold  man  who  would  prophesy  of  any 
book  by  the  author  of  Self  Help,  that  it  would  go  nigh 
to  rival  in  popularity  that  admirable  Manual.  Yet  one 
glance  at  the  book  before  us,  so  rich  in  biographical 
notices  of  the  great  "  artificers  in  brass  and  iron,"  to 
whom,  under  Providence,  this  country  owes  so  much  of 
its  material  greatness,  will  show  that  Zadkiel  might  give 
utterance  to  such  a  prediction  -without  much  risk  of 
damaging  his  reputation  ;  for  all  who  desire  to  know 
something  of  the  Dudleys,  Yarrantons,  Huntsmans, 
Corts,  Neilsons,  Bramahs,  Maudslaj's,  Whitworths,  Nas- 
my  ths,  &c.,  who  have  brought  our  reputation  as  the  great 
manufacturers  of  the  world  to  its  present  height,  will 
here  find  their  instructive  stories  told  in  Mr.  Smiles's 
agreeable  and  pleasant  style. 

Historia  et  Cartularium  Monasterii  Sancti  Petri  Glouces- 
triee.  Vol.  I.  Edited  by  William  Henry  Hart,  of  the 
Public  Record  Office.  Published  under  the  Direction  of 
the  Master  of  the  Rolls.  (Longman.) 

The  Monastery  of  St.  Peter,  Gloucester,  the  Charlulary 
of  which  is  here  printed  for  the  first  time,  was  founded  in 
the  year  681,  not  long  after  the  kingdom  of  Mercia  had 
received  the  true  faith.  The  history  of  the  Monastery 
from  its  foundation  to  the  early  part  of  the  reign  of 
Richard  the  Second,  namely,  to  the  Abbacy  of  Walter 
Proncester  (1381 — 1412),  as  preserved  in  two  MSS.  of 
the  fifteenth  century,  one  at  Queen's  College,  Oxford, 
and  another  among  the  Cottonian  MSS.  in  the  British 
Museum,  forms  a  fitting  Introduction  to  the  Chartulary 
itself;  and  the  Editor  has  devoted  the  Introduction  of 
the  present  volume  to  the  consideration  and  illustration 
of  this  interesting  document.  The  work  is  one  which 
will  greatly  interest  all  Gloucestershire  antiquaries ;  and 
we  congratulate:  the  Master  of  the  Rolls  on  having  so 
valuable  a  contribution  to  our  history  so  ably  edited  by 
one  of  his  own  officers. 

On  the  Popular  Names  of  British  Plants  ;  being  an  Expla- 
nation of  the  Origin  and  Meaning  of  the  Names  of  our 
Indigenous  and  most  commonly  cultivated  Species.      By 
R.  C.  A.  Prior,  M.D.    (Williams  &  Norgate.) 
Viola  tricolor  is  an  exquisite  little  flower,  but  does  that 
scientific  epithet  call  up  in  the  mind  of  any  but  the  most 
matter-of-fact    botanist,    one  tithe  of  the  associations 
which  are  awakened  by  its  popular  names,   heartsease, 
pansy,  or,  as  "maids  do  call  it,  Love  in  Idleness?  "     To 
the  illustration  of  these  popular  names,  Dr.  Prior  has 
devoted  considerable  patience,  learning,  and  research ; 
and  his  book  will  please  everybody  who  loves  his  country 
rambles  most  — 

"  When  Daisies  pied,  and  Violets  blue, 

And  Ladysmocks  all  silver  white, 
And  Cuckoobuds  of  yellow  hue, 

Do  paint  the  meadows  with  delight." 

The  Life   and    Labours    of   Vincent    Novello.     By    his 
Daughter,  Mary  Cowden  Clarke.     (Xovello  &  Co.) 
A  loving  and  graceful  tribute  to  the  memory  of  a  good 

man  and  an  accomplished  musician,  who  lived  esteemed 

by  a  large  circle  of  distinguished  friends,  and  beloved  by 

a  most  affectionate  family. 

The  New  Testament,  illustrated  from  the  Old  Masters. 

One  of  the  most  beautiful  books  which  have  been  pro- 
duced of  late  years  is  unquestionably  the  New  Testament 


about  to  be  published  by  Messrs.  Longman;  which  will 
most  creditably  represent  the  degree  of  perfection  to 
which  the  skill  of  the  printer  and  the  art  of  the  wood- 
engraver  have  at  this  time  attained.  The  illustrations, 
which  are  exquisitely  engraved,  are  mostly  from  the  de- 
signs of  the  great  Italian  masters,  and  the  borders,  or- 
naments, and  initial  letters  from  Italian  MSS.  of  the 
fifteenth  and  sixteenth  centuries :  —  the  whole  being  pro- 
duced under  the  superintendence  of  Mr.  Henry  Shaw, 
F.S.A.  The  large  paper  edition  is  limited  to  250  copies. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PURCHASE. 

SWIFT'S  POETICAL  WORKS.    Vols.  I.  and  II.    Aldinc  Edition.    Picker- 
ing, 1833. 
»#»  Letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriage  free,  to  be 

sent  to  MESSRS.  BELL  &  DALDY,  Publishers  of  ".NOTES    AND 

QUERIES,"  186,  Fleet  Street,  B.C. 


Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ao> 
dresses  are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 
HALLAM'S  INTRODUCTION    TO  THE  LITERATURE  OF  EUROPE.    Vols.  H. 

and  III.    Royal  8vo.    Murray,  1837 . 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Francis  Tolmie,  11,  Token  House  Yard. 


CAMPBELL'S  FALCONRY. 

•     Wanted  by  Captain  C.  Hawkins  Fisher,  The  Castle,  Stroud, 
Gloucestershire. 


KINO  JAMES  I.'s  WORKS.    Folio. 
MISSALE  ROMANDM.    Sm.  4to,  black-letter. 

Any  good  specimens  of  Bookbinding.    If  fine,  condition  not  an  object. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  J.  C.  Jackson,  5,  Chatham  Place  East, 

Hackney,  N.E. 


tn 

A  READER.  The  allusion  is  to  "  Ifonkbarns"  the  Antiquary  of  Wal- 
ter Scott's  well-known  novel  of  that  name. 

R.  8.  T.  The  "plain"  shillings  referred  to  were  only  those  which  had 
become  so  by  long  wear  and  use.  None  such  were  issued  from  the  Mint. 

T.  Q.  CODCH.  The  IIS.  in  the  Harleian  collection  is  a  portion  of  the 
Diary  of  Richard  Symonds,  edited  by  Mr.  Lony,  in  1859,  for  the  Camden 
Society. 

M.  S.  The  best  work  to  consult  respecting  the  origin  of  the  Order  of 
the  Thistle,  is  Sir  H.  N.  Nicolas' s  History  of  the  Orders  of  Knighthood. 
A  condensed  account  of  his  article  may  be  found  in  the  Penny  Cyclopae- 
dia, xxiv.  384 .  Vide  also  "  N.  &  Q,"  1st  S.  i.  24, 90, 166;  v.  281 . 

E.  W.  B.  (Bath.)  A  Vindication  of  the  Literary  Character  of  Pro- 
fessor Porson,  Cantab.  1827,  is  by  Dr.  Turton,  Bishop  of  Ely. 

SIMON  FRASKR.  Lord  Lorat,  resided  at  one  time  in  Rathbone  Place, 
Oxford  Street;  but  in  1715  he  was  taken  by  a  parti/  of  armed  constable.* 
at  his  loduing*  in  Soho  Square.  He.  was  bui-ied  in  the  cluipel  of  St.  Peter's 
ad  Vincula  in  ttte  Tower  of  London. 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL.  Red  Lattice  it  a  lattice  window  painted  red,  the 
customary  distinction  of  an  ale-house  in  Shakspeare's  time.  See  Narea'* 
Glossary,  s.  v.  The  same  work  also  explains  Seel,  a  term  used  in  fal- 
conry. 

A.  J.  An  estimated  value  of  the  seven  books  can  only  be  obtained 
(.after  inspection)  from  some  experienced  second-hand  bookseller. 

W.  M.  An  account  of  the  various  editions  of  the  Doua;/  Bible  and  it* 
editors  may  be  found  in  1 tome's  Manual  of  Biblical  Bibliography,  and 
Lewis's  History  of  English  Translations,  pp.  356—363, 8vo. 

HUBERT  BOWER.  Wftat  authority  is  there  for  suppoting  the  Ballad 
to  be  ancient  ?  Whence  is  it  copitd  f 

SOLOMON'S  WIFE.  "  To  put  a  s]joke  in  the  wheel "  of  anyone,  in  to 
frustrate  some  intention,  or  to  put  some  impediateitt  in  the  wan  of  such 
person. 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  t',x  puhlithtd  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direi-t  from  tin;  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  Us.  <ld.,  icfiich  ma>i  lie  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  MESSRS.  BKLL  A.\D  DALDY,  186,  FLEET  STREET,  E.C.,  to  whom 
aU  COMMUNICATIONS  FOB  THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


Horniman's  Tea  is  choice  and  strong,  moderate  in  price,  and  whole- 
some to  use.  These  advantages  have  secured  for  this  Tea  a  general 
preference.  It  is  sold  in  packets'  by  2,«0  Agents. 


S.  IV.  Nov.  28,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


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\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and 34, Ludgate  Hill, London; 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth."    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

PIESSE  ,and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM, PATCHOULY.  EVER-SWEET,  NEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1 ,000  others.  2s.  6d.  each — 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 


JC.  and  J.  FIELD,  Original  Manufacturers  (in 
*  England)  of  PARAFFINE  CANDLES,  to  whom  the  prize 
medal  (1862)  has  been  awarded,  and  their  Candles  adopted  by  her 
Majesty's  Government  for  use  at  the  Military  Stations  abroad.  These 
Candles  can  be  obtained  of  all  Chandlers  and  Grocers  in  the  United 
Kingdom.  Price  Is.  8rf.  per  Ib.  Also  Field's  celebrated  United  Service 
Soap  Tablets,  6d.  and  4<J.  each.  The  Public  are  cautioned  to  see  that 
Field's  label  is  on  the  packets  or  boxes.  Wholesale  only,  and  for 
Exportation,  Upper  Marsh,  Lambeth,  London,  S. 

HOLLO  WAY'S  PILLS.— TRYING  TIMES.  — The 
wet,  windy,  or  cold  weather  of  the  present  season  tests  the 
strength  of  the  human  constitution.  Holloway's  Pills  so  completely 
purify  the  blood,  so  effectually  perfect  digestion,  and  so  naturally  regu- 
late both  secretions  and  excretions,  that  occasional  doses  can  always  be 
taken  with  the  most  decided  advantage  when  disease  from  atmospheric 
influences  threaten  the  health.  Disorders  of  the  body  mainly  arise  from 
impurities  introduced  from  without;  expel  them  by  this  potent  purifier 
and  disease  will  rarely  follow  —  a  proposition  abundantly  clear  to  the 
commonest  capacity.  It  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  the  certainty  and 
energy  of  action  of  these  pills  are  much  increased  by  attention  to  diet 
and  other  rules  explained  in  the  "  directions." 


JL 


LIVERPOOL  AND  LONDON  FIRE  AND 

LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY.. 


At  the  ANNUAL  MEETING  of  the  Proprietors  in  this  Company, 
held  on  Thursday,  25th  of  February,  1863, 

JAMES  ASPINALL  TOBIN,  Esq.,  in  the  Chair. 

The  Report  of  the  Directors  for  the  year  1862  was  read  ;  it  showed  :— 

That  the  Fire  Premiums  of  the  year  were       ...     £436,065   0   0 

Against  those  in  1861,  which  were     -----       360,131    0    0 

Giving  an  increase  in  1862  of     ------  475,934  0  0 

That  the  new  Life  business  comprised  the  issue  of  785 

Policies,  insuring     --------  467,334  0  0 

On  which  the  annual  premiums  were      -       -       -       -  13,935  711 

That  there  was  added  to  the  Life  reserve         -       -       -  79,27711  4 

That  the  balance  of  undivided  profit  was  increased    -  25,725  9  7 

That  the  invested  funds  of  the  Company  amounted  to  -  1,417,808  8  4 

In  reference  to  the  very  large  increase  of  £76,000  in  the  Fire  Premiums 
of  the  year,  it  was  remarked  in  the  Report:  "  The  Premiums  paid  to  a 
company  are  the  measure  of  that  company's  business  of  all  kinds  ;  the 
Directors,  therefore,  prefer  that  test  of  progress  to  any  the  duty  col- 
lected may  afford,  as  that  applies  to  only  a  part  of  a  company's  busi- 
ness; and  a  large  share  of  that  part  may  be,  and  often  is,  re-insured 
with  other  offices.  In  this  view  the  yearly  addition  to  the  Fire  Pre- 
miums of  the  Liverpool  and  London  Company  must  be  very  gratifying 
to  the  proprietors." 

SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 

JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 

IMPERIAL    LIFE    INSURANCE    COMPANY, 

J.  1,  OLD  BROAD  STREET,  B.C. 

Instituted  A.D.  1820. 

A  SUPPLEMENT  to  the  PROSPECTUS,  showing  the  advantages 
of  the  Bonus  System,  may  be  had  on  application  to 

SAMUEL  INGALL,  Actuary. 


HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux 24s.  and  30s.  perdoz. 

Good  Hock 30s.    „     36s.       „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  42s.    „     48s.       „ 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24s.    „     isOs.       „ 

Port 24s.,30s.    „     36s.       „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  per  doz. 

Vintage  1834 „   108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840 ,     84s.        „ 

Vintage  1847 „     72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry, 36s., 42s., 
48s.  j  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  48s. ,60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilcn,  60s.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120s. ;  Braunbergcr,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  66s., 
78.S-.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymas  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  'and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz. ; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition^'  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


CAMPBELL'S  OLD  GLENLIV AT  WHISKY.— 

\J  At  this  season  of  the  year,  J.  Campbell  begs  to  direct  attention  to 
this  fine  old  MALT  WHISKY,  of  which  has  held  a  large  stock  for 
30  years,  price  20s.  per  gallon;  Sir  John  Power's  old  Irish  Whisky,  18s.; 
Hennessey's  very  old  Pale  Brandy,  32s.  per  gallon  (J.  C.'s  extensive 
business  in  French  Wines  gives  him  a  thorongh  knowledge  of  the 
Brandy  market):  E.  Clicquot's  Champagne,  66s.  per  dozen;  Sherry, 
Pale,  Uolden,  or  Brown,  30s.,  36s.,  and  42s.;  Port  from  the  wood,  30s. 
and  36s.,  crusted,  42s.,  48s.  and  54s.  Note —  J.  Campbell  confidently 
recommends  his  Vin  de  Bordeaux,  at  20s.  per  dozen,  which  greatly  im- 
proves by  keeping  in  bottle  two  or  three  years.  Remittances  or  town 
references  should  be  addressed  JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 


rpHE  PRETTIEST  GIFT  for  a  LADY  is  one  of 

_L    JONES'S  GOLD  LEVERS,  at  III.  lls.    For  a  GENTLEMAN, 

one  at  inl.  10s.    Rewarded  at  the  International  Exhibition  for  "Cheap- 
ness of  Production." 

Manufactory,  338,  Strand,  opposite  Somerset  House. 


Now  ready,  18mo,  coloured  wrapper,  Post  Free,  6d. 


GOUT    AND    RHEUMATISM.     A  new 

by  DR.  LAV1LLE  of  the  Faculty  of  Medicine,  Paris,  ex- 
hibiting a  perfectly  new,  certain,  and  safe  method  of  cure.    Translated 
by  an  English  Practitioner. 
London:  FHAS.  NEWBERY  &  SONS,  45,  St.  Paul's  Church  Yard. 


AN    G 

\J    work,  I 
hibitine  a  pe 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  IV.  Nov.  28,  'G3. 


Nearly  Ready,  in  Two  Volumes,  Imperial  Quarto, 

JERUSALEM     EXPLORED; 

BEING  A  DESCRIPTION  OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND   MODERN  CITY, 

WITH  UPWARDS  OF  ONE  HUNDRED  ILLUSTRATIONS,  CONSISTING  OF 
VIEWS,  GROUNDPLANS,  AND  SECTIONS, 

BY    ERMETE    PIEROTTI, 

Doctor  of  Mathematics,  Captain  of  the  Corps  of  Engineers  in  the  Army  of  Sardinia,  Architect-Engineer  to 
His  Excellency  Soorraya  Pasha  of  Jerusalem,  and  Architect  of  the  Holy  Land. 

(TRANSLATED  BY  THE  REV.  T.  G.  BONNEY,  M.A. 
Fellow  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge.) 


This  important  Work,  the  result  of  a  scientific  study  of  subterranean 
Jerusalem,  prosecuted  on  the  spot,  during  a  residence  of  eight  years, 
by  one  qualified  by  a  professional  education  to  turn  his  opportunities 
to  the  best  account,  will  supply  the  Biblical  Student  with  that  which 
has  been  the  great  desideratum  of  all  recent  archaeologists,  and  will 
furnish,  for  the  first  time,  accurate  data  for  a  reconstruction  of  the  city 
of  Solomon,  and  for  an  identification  of  its  topographical  features,  as 
described  by  Josephus  and  other  ancient  authors,  sacred  and  profane. 

The  various  remains  of  Jewish  and  Christian  architecture  will  be 
fully  illustrated  by  engravings,  and  in  particular  the  subterranean  con- 
duits, aqueducts,  and  cisterns,  excavated  in  the  rock  within  the  Temple 
area,  and  other  parts  of  the  Ancient  City. 

The  appointment  of  Dr.  Pierotti  as  architect-engineer  to  the  Pasha 
of  Jerusalem,  involving  his  professional  employment  in  the  Haram-es- 


Sherif—  the  Temple  Close,  has  allowed  him  free  access  to  all  the  build- 
ings and  substructures  within  the  sacred  enclosure,  to  which  the  Euro- 
pean traveller  has  been  permitted,  at  the  most,  only  a  hurried  visit; 
while  his  operations,  in  all  parts  of  Jerusalem,  as  Surveyor  for  the 
various  Christian  communities,  and  agent  for  the  purchase  of  land,  have 


i  put  him  in  possession  of  a  fund  of  information  bearing  on  the  ancient 
I   topography  of  the  city. 

It  is  hoped  that  this  Work,  while  of  the  greatest  value  to  the  scien- 


, 

tific  archaeologist,  will  not  be  of  less  interest  to  the  general  reader,  as 

its  technical  details  will  be  elucidated  by  copious  pictorial  illustrations. 

The  Work  will  be  published  in  two  volumes,  imperial  quarto,  and 

'   the  price  to  Subscribers  WHOSE:  NAMES  ARK  HECKLVED  DEFOHE  TUB  TBNTH 

I  OF  DECEMBER,  1*63,  will  be  FOUR  GUINEAS;  after  that  date  the  price 

!   will  be  raised  to  FIVE  GUINEAS. 


AMONGST  THE  LIST  OF  SUBSCRIBERS  WILL  BE  FOUND 


HIS  ROYAL  HIGHNESS  THE  PRINCE  OF  WALES. 


His  Imperial  Majesty  the  Emperor  of  the 

French. 

Her  Majesty  the  Queen  of  Spain." 
His  Majesty  the  King  of  Spain. 
Her  Royal  Highness  the  Princess  Matilda  of 

France. 

His  Royal  Highness  the  Prince  Napoleon. 
His  Royal  Highness  Don  Francisco  Infante  of 

Spain. 
His  Royal  Highness  Don  Sebastiano  Infante 

of  Spain. 

His  Highness  the  Viceroy  of  Egypt. 
His  Imperial  Highness  the  Archduke  Maxi- 
milian of  Austria. 
His  Imperial  Highness  the  Grand  Duke  Con- 

stantine  of  Russia. 
The  Greek  Patriarch  of  Jerusalem. 
The  Latin  Patriarch  of  Jerusalem. 
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The  Cardinal  Archbishop  of  Toledo. 
Cardinal  Wiseman. 
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His  Excellency  the  Pasha  of  Jerusalem. 
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Spanish  Senate. 
His  Excellency  A.  Noroff,  Member  of  the 

Council  of  the  Empire,  St.  Petersburg]!. 
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the  Russian  Council  of  State. 
The  Baron  Nathaniel  Rothschild. 
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to  Her  Majesty  the  Queen  of  Spain. 
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Madrid. 

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at  Paris 

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and  National  Galleries  at  Madrid. 

Library  of  the  University  of  Grenada. 

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sity of  Madrid. 

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drid. 

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of  State,  Madrid. 

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drid. 

The  Benedictine  College,  Sienna. 

M.  Socrate  Bonajuti,  Academy  of  Painting, 
Sienna. 

Rev.  Don  Braulio  Bes  y  Ferrer,  Madrid. 

M.  de  Saulcy,  Senator  and  Member  of  the 
French  Institute. 

M.  Ernest  Reuan,  Member  of  the  French  In- 
stitute. 

Le  General  Ducrot. 

Le  General  de  Beaufort. 

The  Library  of  the  Minister  of  War  at  Paris. 

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General  of  Statistics  at  Madrid. 

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try of  Public  Instruction  at  Madrid. 

The  Count  Samaritaui,  Egypt. 

His  Excellency  M.  Boris  de  Mansouroff,  Mem- 
ber of  the  Council  of  State  of  His  Imperial 
Majesty  the  Emperor  of  Russia. 

The  Lord  Bishop  of  Manchester. 

The  Earl  de  Grey. 

The  Lord  Lindsay. 

The  Lord  Viscount  Strangford. 


i  The  Honourable  Gerald  Talbot. 
The  Ministry  of  Foreign  Affairs  at  Paris,  7 
copies. 

Rev.  John  Twells,  Gamston  Rectory,  fictford, 
Notts. 

Rev.  G.  S.  Drew,  St.  Barnabas,  South  Lam- 
beth. 

Mrs.  H.  Bridgman  Simpson,  Babworth,  East 
Ketford. 

Rev.  F.  E.  Paget.Elford  Rectory,  Staffordshire 
(by  Messrs.  Masters  &  Co.) 

George  Leighton,  Esq.  Milford  House. 

Rev.  R.  Bailey,  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 

Rev.  the  Master  of  Jesus  College,  Cambridge. 

Rev.  W.  J.  Beamont,  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge. 

Rev.  Professor  Selwyn,  Cambridge. 

Rev.  J.  F.  Thrupp,  Trinity  College,   Cam- 
bridge. 

Rev.  E.  A.  Powell,  Toft. 

Rev.  G.  Williams,  King's  College,  Cambridge. 

The  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Ely. 

The  Rev.  T.  G.  Bonney,  St.  John's  College, 
Cambridge. 

The  Rev.  J.  S.  Wood,  St.  John's  College,  Cam- 
bridge . 

R.  W.  Taylor,  Esq.,  St.  John's  College,  Cam- 
bridge. 

Library  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 

The  Rev.  Professor  Grote,  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge. 

The  Rev.  Thomas  Field,  St.  John's  College, 
Cambridge. 

The  Rev.  G.  Hudson,  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge. 

The  Rev.  J.  E.  B.  Mayor,  St.  John's  College, 
Cambridge. 

The   Rev.  R.  Wayte,  King's  College,  Cam- 
bridge. 

Messrs.  Blackwood,  Edinburgh,  2  copies. 

Messrs.  Crossley  &  Billington,  Kugby. 

Mr.  Gilling,  Liverpool. 

Messrs.  Edmonston  &  Douglas,  Edinburgh. 

Messrs.  Williams  &  Norgate,  London. 


London:  BELL  AND  DALDY.     Cambridge:  DEIGHTON,  BELL  &  CO. 


Printed  by  GEORGE  ANDREW  SPOTTISWOODE,  at  5  New-street  Square,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  City  of  London;  and 
Published  by  GEORGE  BELL,  at  186  Fleet  Street,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Dunstan  in  the  West,  in  the  same  city.— Saturday,  Nvcemter  28, 1863. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A   MEDIUM   OF   INTER-COMMUNICATION 


LITEKAKY  MEN,   GENERAL    READERS,    ETC. 

"  When  found,  make  a  note  of." — CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


No.  101. 


SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  5,  1863. 


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CONTENTS : 

The  Great  Canons  of  the  Colorado  River.    By  George  E.  Roberts. 

(With  a  Coloured  Plate.) 
The  Supply  and  Waste  of  Coal.    By  Professor  D.  T.  Ansted,  M.A., 

F.R.S. 

Smoke- Rings  of  Vesuvius.    By  Charles  Ch.  Black,  M.A. 
The   First  Jewish  Shekels,  with   some    Account   of  the   Succeeding 

Coinages  of  Judaea.  By  H.  Noel  Humphreys.  (With  a  Tinted  Plate.) 
Clusters,  Nebulae,  and  Occultations.    By  the  Rev.  T.  W.  Webb,  M.A., 

F.R.A.S. 

Arithmetical  Recreations. 
The  Genus  v  issidens  ;  or,  the  Flat  Fork-Mosses.   By  M.  G.  Campbell. 

(With  an  II lustration.) 
The  Philosophy  of  Karthquakes. 
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A  New  Reversible  Compressorium. 
A  Visit  to  Lapland. 

Notes  on  the  Vibrio  Family.    By  Henry  J.  Slack,  F.G.S. 
Comets.    By  G.  F.  Chambers. 

Proceedines  of  Learned  Societies.    By  W.  B.  Tegetmeier. 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


445 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  5,  1863. 


CONTENTS. —No.  101. 

NOTES :  — Collins,  Author  of  "  To-morrow,"  445  —  Ancient 
Wrought-iron  Artillery,  446  — Peter  Goldschmidt,  447  — 
Ancient  Bookbinding,  448  —  Fashionable  Quarters  of  Lon- 
don, Ib. 

MINOR   NOTES  :  —  "  Pig  and  Whistle : "  Incongruous  Signs 

—  Sir  John  Dalrymple  —  Selling  a  Wife  by  Auction  —  Lady 
;  Denbigh  and   Garrick  —  Steamboat  —  Laying  the  first 

Stone  —  Father  and  Son  —  Alphonso  Ferrabosco  —  "  Have 
the  French  for  Friends,  but  not  for  Neighbours,"  449 

QUERIES :  —  Letters  of  Madame  de  Sevigne,  451  —  Sundry 
Queries,  Ib.  —  The  Acland  Family  —  Curfew  and  Devil's 
Bell  —  The  Demesne  Cart  —  "Est  Rosa  flos  Veneris  "  — 
Female  Fools  —  Prince  Justinian!  —  Mediaeval  Seal  — 
Count  De  Montalembert  — "O<rios  and  'Ayios  —  Opera  of  II 
Penseroso  —Quotations  Wanted  —  Scottish  —  " Tom  Tid- 
ler's  Ground  "  —  Winchester  School,  452. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS: — Sir  Nicholas Throckmorton  — 
Consecration  of  Churches  —  Cantova  —  Governors  of 
Guernsey,  456. 

EEPLIES  :  —  Tenures  of  Land  in  Ireland,  456  —  Mutila- 
tion of  Sepulchral  Monuments,  457  —  Major  Crewe  — 
Settle's  "  Eusebia  Triumphans  " —  Sigaben  and  the  Mani- 
chaeans  —  "  Robert  Robinson  "  and  "  Cousin  Phillis  " 

—  Hugh    Stuart    Boyd  —  Matthew    Brettingham   — 
Pascha's  Pilgrimage  to  Palestine  —  Michael  Johnson  of 
Lichfield  —  Maps  —  Piscinae  near  Roodlofts —  Allegorical 
Painting  —  Titus  Gates  —  Terrier — Adlercron — Bed-Gown 
and  Night-Dress  —  Teresa  —  "Don  Quixote"  —  A  Goose 
Tenure  —  The  Great  Duke   a  Child-eater  —  Oglesby  — 
Newspapers  —  Ring  said  to  be  of  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots  — 
Anonymous  Work  —  Misuse  of  Words  —  Swing  —  "  The 
Monkey  who  had  seen  the  World  "  —  Inkstand  —  Curious 
Circumstance  —  Great  Guns,  &c.,  457. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


COLLINS,  AUTHOR  OF  "  TO-MORROW." 

In  a  very  excellent  collection  of  English  poems, 
published  some  two  years  ago,  entitled  The  Golden 
Treasury  of  the  best  Songs  and  Lyrical  Poems  in 
the  English  Language,  there  will  be  found,  at 
p.  163,  the  pretty  well-known  song  of  "  To- 
morrow," to  which  is  thus  affixed  the  name  of 
the  author,  " — Collins,"  and  which  is  well  worthy 
of  reiteration :  — 

"  TO-MOEROW. 
"  In  the  downhill  of  life,  when  I  find  I'm  declining, 

May  my  lot  no  less  fortunate  be 
Than  a  snug  elbow-chair  can  afford  for  reclining, 

And  a  cot  that  o'erlooks  the  wide  sea; 
With  an  ambling  pad-pony  to  pace  o'er  the  lawn, 

While  I  carol  away  idle  sorrow, 
And  blithe  as  the  lark  that  each  clay  hails  the  dawn, 
Look  forward  with  hope  for  to-morrow. 

"  With  a  porch  at  my  door,  both  for  shelter  and  shade  too, 

As  the  sunshine  or  rain  may  prevail ; 
And  a  small  spot  of  ground  for  the  use  of  the  spade  too, 

With  a  barn  for  the  use  of  the  flail : 
A  cow  for  my  dairy,  a  dog  for  my  game, 

And  a  purse  when  a  friend  wants  to  borrow ; 
I'll  envy  no  nabob  his  riches  or  fame, 

Nor  what  honours  await  him  to-morrow. 

"  From  the  bleak  northern  blast  may  my  cot.be  completely 

Secured  by  a  neighbouring  hill ; 
And  at  night  may  repose  steal  upon  me  more  sweetly, 
By  the  sound  of  a  murmuring  rill :  ^J  ^ 


And  while  peace  and  plenty  I  find  at  my  board, 
With  a  heart  free  from  sickness  and  sorrow, 

With  my  friends  may  I  share  what  to-day  may  afford, 
And  let  them  spread  the  table  to-morrow. 

"  And  when  I  at  last  must  throw  off  this  frail  covering, 

Which  I've  worn  for  threescore  years  and  ten, 
On  the  brink  of  the  grave  I'll  not  seek  to  keep  hovering, 

Nor  my  thread  wish  to  spin  o'er  again : 
But  my  face  in  the  glass  I'll  serenely  survey, 

And  with  smiles  count  each  wrinkle  and  furrow  ; 
As  this  old  worn-out  stuff,  which  is  threadbare  to-day, 

May  become  everlasting  to-morrow." 

In  a  note  to  this  song,  Mr.  Francis  Turner  Pal- 
grave,  the  editor  of  the  collection,  observes  :  — 

"  Nothing  except  his  surname  appears  recoverable  with 
regard  to  the  author  of  this  truly  noble  poem.  It  should 
be  noted  as  exhibiting  a  rare  excellence, — the  climax  of 
simple  sublimity. 

"  It  is  a  lesson  of  high  instructiveness  to  examine  the 
essential  qualities  which  give  first-rate  poetical  rank  to 
lyrics  such  as  To-morrow,  or  Sally  in  ow  Alley,  when, 
compared  with  poems  written  (if  the  phrase  may  be  al- 
lowed) in  keys  so  different  as  the  subtle  sweetness  of 
Shelley,  the  grandeur  of  Gray  and  Milton,  or  the  delight- 
ful Pastoralism  of  the  Elizabethan  verse.  Intelligent 
readers  will  gain  hence  a  clear  understanding  of  the  vast 
imaginative  range  of  Poetry ; — through  what  wide  oscil- 
lations the  mind  and  the  taste  of  a  nation  may  pass; — 
how  many  are  the  roads  which  Truth  and  Nature  open 
to  Excellence." 

I  give  the  annotation  in  full,  without  exactly 
subscribing  to  Mr.  Palgrave's  opinions  therein 
stated,  probably,  through  my  not  being  one  of  the 
persons  whom  he  classes  as  "  intelligent  readers  "  ; 
my  sole  aim  being  to  call  attention  to  the  fact, 
that  of  a  man  who  wrote  a  song  calling  for  such 
panegyric,  "  nothing  except  his  surname  appears 
recoverable."  And  I  may  here  add,  that  I  have 
seen  these  last  six  words  quoted  in  more  than 
one  notice  of  Mr.  Palgrave's  well-named  Golden 
Treasury.  There  is,  however,  more  recoverable, 
regarding  the  author  of  To-morrow  than  his 
surname ;  and  conceiving  that  these  pages  are 
the  proper  place  to  record  what  can  be  collected 
of  this  almost  forgotten  English  worthy,  I  shall 
now  proceed  to  relate  what  I  have  recovered 
respecting  Collins.  The  song  of  "  To-morrow  " 
occurs  in  a  little  work,  of  such  rarity  and  eccen- 
tricity of  title,  as  will,  I  presume,  be  a  sufficient 
apology  for  my  giving  the  latter  here,  in  ex- 
tenso :  — 

"  SCRIPSCRAPOLOGIA  ; 
OR, 

COLLINS'S 

DOGGEREL 

DISH  OF  ALL  SORTS. 

Consisting  of 

SONGS 

Adapted  to  familiar  Tunes, 

And  which  may  be  sung  without  the  Chaunterpipe  of  an 
Italian  Warbler,  or  the  ravishing  Accompaniments  of 

Tweedle-dum  or  Tweedle-dee. 
Particularly  those  which  have  been  most  applauded 


446 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*«  S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '63. 


In  the  Author's  once  popular  Performance, 

Call'd 

THE  BRUSH. 
The  Gallimaufry  Garnished  with  a  variety  of 

COMIC  TALES, 

QUAINT  EPIGRAMS, 

WHIMSICAL  EPITAPHS, 

&c.,  &c. 

A  Kickshaw  Treat,  which  comprehends 
Odd  Bits  and  Scraps,  and  Orts  and  Ends, — 
Mere  nicknack  nambypamby  Pickings, 
Like  Fricasees  of  Frogs  or  Chickens ; 
A  Mess  with  Grubstreet  Giblets  fraught," 
And  here  and  there  a  MERRY  THOUGHT  ; — 
In  frothy  BRAIN  SAUCE  trimly  drest, 
But  wanting  SAGE  for  perfect  zest. 
Yet  if  we  countervail  that  Fault, 
With  some  few  Grains  of  ATTIC  SALT, 
Sage  Critics  may  withhold  their  Frown, 
And  kindly  let  the  Trash  go  down. 

PUBLISH'D  BY 
THE  AUTHOR  HIMSELF, 

AND 

PRINTED  BY  M.  SWINNY,  BIRMINGHAM, 
1804." 

Facing  this  curious  title-page  is  an  engraved 
portrait,  with  the  words  "  COLLINS.  SCRIPSCRAP- 
OLOGI^E  SCRIPTOR."  The  features  represent  a  man 
rather  past  middle  age,  with  a  keen  eye,  and  an 
evident  tendency  to  mirth ;  with  that  indescribable 
expression  of  crossness  which  a  lover  of  laughter 
often  assumes  when  he  tries,  for  once  in  a  way,  to 
look  very  grave  and  serious.  There  is  a  very 
remarkable  resemblance,  in  this  portrait  of  Col- 
lins, to  a  deservedly  popular  London  comedian 
of  the  present  day,  whose  name  I  shall  not  men- 
tion, lest  the  allusion  should  be  considered  un- 
complimentary. 

We  learn  little  of  Collins  from  the  Scripscrap- 
ologia,  except  that  his  father  was  a  tailor  (p.  182)  ; 
that  he  himself  was  a  native  of  Bath  (p.  168), 
and  that  when  he  published  the  work  he  was  the 
proprietor  of  the  Birmingham  Chronicle  (p.  vii)  ; 
but  not  one  word  of  or  allusion  to  his  Christian 
name,  the  first  page  commencing  thus  — 

"  SCRIPSCRAPOLOGIA  ; 

COLLINS, 

AUTHOR  OF  THE  BRUSH, 
SCRIPTOR." 

It  would  seem,  indeed,  as  if  the  clever  and 
eccentric  man  affected  to  suppress  his  Christian 
name,  as  a  matter  of  no  moment  to  a  person  so 
well  known  by  his  writings  and  performances  in 
The  Bmsh  as  Collins;  for  in  the  Birmingham 
Directory  of  1808,  I  find  that  every  person  men- 
tioned has  either  a  Mr.,  Mrs.,  or  Christian  name 
attached  to  the  surname,  but  one,  and  that  one 
exception  is,  "  Collins,  Camden  Street,"  whom  we 
may  most  reasonably  suppose  to  be  no  other  than 
the  author  of  Scripscrapologia. 

To  the  best  of  my  knowledge  and  belief,  The 
Brush  was  never  printed  ;  but  the  original  manu- 
script (at  least  what  I  assume  to  be  so)  of  it, 


lately  fell  into  my  possession,  and  here,  again, 
the  Christian  name  is  wanting,  the  title  being  in 
true  Collinsian  style  :  — 

"  COLLINS'S 
EVENING  BRUSH; 

or, 
A  MEDLEY  OF  THE  FOLLIES,  VICES,  AND  ABSURDITIES 

OF  THE  AGE. 

PERFORMED  OFF,  AND  ON  THE  STAGE, 
WITH  THE  SONG  OF  TO-MOKROW, 

BY  MR.  COLLINS. 
Never  before  published." 

The  Brush  was  evidently  a  monologue  enter- 
tainment of  recitations  and  songs,  interspersed 
with  imitations  and  anecdotes  of  Garrick,  Foote, 
G.  A.  Stevens,  and  laughable  notices  of  such 
subjects  as  "  Butchery  of  Blank  Verse  " — "  New- 
castle Burr  and  Provincial  Dialects"  —  "Speci- 
mens of  Remarkable  Acting" — "Fools  of  the 
Stage  "  —  "  The  Parish  Clerks"—  "  The  Political 
Barber  "  —  "  Irish  Schoolmaster,"  &c.  &c. 

The  Brush,  though  an  eccentric  title  for  an 
entertainment  of  this  kind,  was  by  no  means  inap- 
propriate, as  Collins  was  by  profession  a  miniature 
painter.  This,  as  well  as  his  Christian  name,  I 
lately  discovered,  when  making  some  researches 
on  Irish  art  and  artists;  he  being  thus  noticed  by 
Pasquin,  the  notorious  Williams,  in  An  Authentic 
History  of  the  Professors  of  Painting,  Sculpture, 
and  Architecture :  — 

"  John  Collins,  miniature  painter  in  profile,  is  a  native 
of  England.  This  ingenious  gentleman  is  better  known 
for  his  amusing  lecture  called  Collins's  Brush ;  which  he 
exhibited  in  Ireland  with  success,  at  the  same  time  that 
he  pursued  this  diminutive  branch  of  the  arts ;  he  now 
resides  in  Birmingham." 

As  Pasquin's  work  is  undated,  we  cannot  say 
what  time  is  specified  by  the  "now  resides  in 
Birmingham ; "  but  we  glean  sufficient  to  learn, 
that  the  Christian  name  of  the  author  of  To- 
morrow was  John;  and  some  of  the  able  War- 
wickshire contributors  to  "  N.  &  Q."  may,  per- 
adventure,  give  us  a  little  more  information 
respecting  him.  I  would  be  glad  to  learn,  also,  if 
there  be  another  MS.  of  The  Brush  in  existence  ; 
mine,  from  its  dirty  condition,  many  creases  and 
thumb-marks,  its  general  sprinkling  and  flavour 
of  lamp  oil,  seems  to  have  been  the  copy  which 
its  eccentric  author  used,  when  delivering  his 
entertainments.  WILLIAM  PINKERTON. 

Hounslow. 


ANCIENT  WROUGHT-IRON  ARTILLERY. 

The  following  from  The  Times  of  Wednesday, 
October  28,  1863,  will  be  read  with  interest  by 
many  of  your  correspondents.  I  send  it  in  the 
hope  of  its  eliciting  accounts  of  a  similar  nature 
regarding  other  relics  of  the  same  sort  which  may 
exist  in  many  places  in  Old  England.  I  remem- 
ber to  have  seen  many  old  cannon  at  various  ruins, 


S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


447 


but  omitted,  to  my  subsequent  regret,  taking  a 
note  of  them.  There  were  some  scattered  about, 
and  quite  uncared  for,  at  Pevensey  Castle,  about 
four  years  ago,  but  whether  genuine  "relics"  or 
not  I  cannot  now  remember :  — 

"TO  THE   EDITOR  OF  THE   TIMES. 

"  Sir, — In  1427,  when  the  English  in  Normandy  made 
their  last  assault  on  the  Mont  St.  Michel,  they  brought  to 
their  aid  plusieurs  machines  espouvantables  et  divers  engines 
de  guerre,  with  which,  to  continue  the  words  of  the  old  chro- 
nicler, fils  dresserent  une  batter ie  si  furieuse  contre  IKS 
murailles  qu'ils  y  firent  breche.'  Among  these  formidable 
weapons  were  two  enormous  wrought-iron  guns,  which, 
on  the  repulse  of  the  besiegers,  they  were  compelled  to 
leave  behind  them,  and  which  have  remained  on  the  rock 
to  the  present  time. 

"  Interesting  as  these  pieces  of  artillery  are,  both  in  a 
historical  and  a  constructive  point  of  view,  very  little  has 
hitherto  been  known  about  them,  and  I  am  not  aware 
that  any  complete  and  accurate  description  of  them  is  in 
existence. 

"  During  a  late  visit  to  Normandy,  I  have  endeavoured 
(at  the  suggestion  of  my  friend  the  Secretary  of  the 
Ordnance  Select  Committee)  to  supply  this  want,  and 
possibly  the  following  notes  may  be  acceptable  to  some  of 
your  readers. 

"  I  found  the  guns  in  a  bad  state,  being  choked  up  with 
masses  of  stone,  sand,  rust,  and  rubbish,  which  had  pro- 
bably been  there  for  centuries,  and  had  become  almost 
as  hard  as  conglomerate.  However,  by  the  courteous 
aid  of  M.  Marquet,  the  director  of  the  '  Maison  Centrale ' 
(to  whom  antiquaries  and  architects  are  so  much  in- 
debted for  his  intelligent  and  zealous  preservation  of  the 
beautiful  ecclesiastical  buildings  on  the  island)  I  contrived 
to  get  them  tolerably  clear,  to  obtain  their  dimensions, 
and  to  take  photographs  of  them. 

"  The  guns  are  of  the  kind  termed  '  bombardes,'  and  are 
of  different  sizes.  The  larger  one  is  19  in.  calibre,  30£  in. 
greatest  external  diameter,  and  12  ft.  total  length";  of 
which  about  8  ft.  8  in.  belongs  to  the  barrel,  or  'chase,' 
and  3  ft.  4  in.  to  the  smaller  powder  chamber  in  the  rear. 
The  smaller  gun  is  15  in.  calibre  and  11  ft.  9  in.  long. 

"They  are  true  '  built-up '  guns,  being  formed  of  longi- 
tudinal wrought-iron  bars,  about  Sin.  wide,  arranged 
like  the  staves  of  a  cask,  and  bound  round  closely  with 
hoops  of  the  same  material.  The  analogy  of  this  ancient 
construction  with  that  of  the  modern  wrought-iron  guns 
is  very  curious. 

"  I  found  a  projectile  in  each  gun,  and  several  others 
lying  about.  They  are  granite  balls,  roughly  spherical, 
and  a  little  smaller  than  the  bore.  Those  for  the  larger 
gun  will  probably  weigh  about  300  Ibs.  each  ;  but  if  the 
size  of  the  gun  be  denoted  according  to  the  calibre  on  the 
same  principle  as  modern  guns  for  round  shot,  it  must 
be  called  a  920-pounder!  The  breech-chamber  would 
hold  about  40  Ibs.  of  powder.  I  estimate  the  weight  of  the 
large  gun  to  be  about  5£  tons,  and  of  the  smaller  one 
about  3J  tons. 

"I  have  prepared  detailed  drawings  and  descriptions, 
which,  together  with  prints  of  my  photographs,  will 
be  deposited  at  the  Royal  Museum  of  Artillery,  Wool- 
wich. 

"  There  are  two  other  ancient  bombardes  in  existence, 
constructed  on  the  same  principle;  namely,  the  'Dulle 
Griete '  of  Ghent,  and  the  '  Mons  Meg '  of  Edinburgh. 
The  '  Michelettes,'  as  they  are  called  by  the  people  of 
Mont  St.  Michel,  compare  well  with  these,  but  have  an 
additional  interest  in  their  very  early  date  and  positive 
history,  and  in  the  probability  of  their  being  of  Engli^i 
manufacture.  They  must  have  been  well  made  and  well 


served,  for  they  performed  successfully  the  duty  required 
of  them,  without,  so  far  as  I  can  see,  sustaining  the  least 
structural  injury. 

"I  think  the  attention  of  the  French  Government 
should  be  directed  to  the  preservation  of  these  interesting 
monuments  of  antiquity.  So  little  are  they  prized  by  the 
commune  to  whom  they  are  said  to  belong,  that  the 
Maire  offered  to  sell  them  to  me  if  I  would  fetch  them 
away ! 

"  I  am,  Sir,  your  obedient  servant, 

"  WILLIAM  POLE. 
"  Storey's  Gate,  Westminster,  Oct.  27." 

J.  S.  A. 


PETER  GOLDSCHMIDT. 

I  lately  met  with  a  volume  containing  two 
curious  works,  the  title-pages  of  which  I  copy  :  — 

"  Petri  Goldschmids,  Pastoris  Sterupensis,  hb'llischer 
Morpheus  welcher  kund  wird,  durch  wie  geschene  Er- 
scheinungen  derer  Gespenster  und  Polterbeister,  wo  bis- 
hero  zum  Theil  von  keinen  einzigen  Scribenten  ange- 
fuhret  und  bemercket  worden  sind.  Daraus  nicht  allein 
erwiesen  wird,  dass  Gespenster  seyn,  was  sie  seyn,  und 
zu  welchem  Ende  dieselbigen  erscheinen,  wider  die 
vorige  und  heutige  Atheisten,  Naturalisten,  und  Nah- 
mentlich  D.  Beckern  in  der  Bezauberten  Welt,  &c.  Aus 
alien  aber  des  Teufels  List,  Tiicke,  Gewalt,  heimliche 
Nachstellungen  und  Betrug,  handgreiflich  kan  ersehen 
und  erkandt  werden."  Hamburg,  1698,  8vo,  pp.  448. 

The  frontispiece  has  a  figure  with  a  human 
head,  body,  and  arms,  a  hunch  on  his  back  after 
the  manner  of  Punch,  a  long  tail,  one  leg  ending 
in  a  cloven  foot,  and  the  other  in  a  bird's  claws. 
Several  insects,  like  large  bees,  crawl  about  him, 
and  on  his  hunch  is  a  winged  serpent  with  a  bird's 
head.  A  devil  is  flying  to  the  right,  and  to  the 
left  is  Satan  offering  a  stone  to  Jesus. 

The  book  is  partly  a  confutation  of  Bekker,  but 
it  contains  many  original  ghost  stories,  and  a  vast 
amount  of  demonological  learning.  The  author 
quotes  Glanvil,  Henry  More,  and  other  English 
writers  in  their  own  language,  and  seems  posted 
up  on  such  matters  to  the  day  of  going  to  press. 
His  credulity  is  unbounded,  and  he  treats  as 
Atheists  all  who  believe  less  than  he  does.  His 
style  is  clear  and  his  matter  readable. 

The  second  book  is  entitled  :  — 

"  Petri  Goldschmidts,  Huso-Cimbri  p.  t.  Pastor  Sterup. 
VerworfFener  Hexen-und-Zauberer  Advocat,  das  ist  Wol- 
gegrundete  Vernichtung  des  thorichten  Vorhabens  Hn. 
Christiani  Thomasii  J.  U.  D.  et  Professoris  Hallensisund 
aller  derer  welche  durch  ihre  superkluge  Phantasie- 
Grillen  dem  teufflischen  Hexen-geschmeiss  das  Wort 
reden  wollen,  in  dem  gegen  dieselbe  aus  dem  unwider- 
sprechlichem  Gottl.  Worte  und  der  tttglichlehrenden 
Erfahrung  das  Gegentheil  zur  Gniige  angewiesen  und 
bestatiget  wird.  dass  in  der  That,  eine  teuflische  Hexerey 
und  Zauberey  sey,  und  dannenhero,  eine  Christliche  Ob- 
rigkeit  gehalten,  diese  abgesagte  Feinde  Gottes,  Scha- 
denfroh,  Menschenund  Vieh-Morderaus  der  Christlichen 
Geminde  zu  schaffen,  und  dieselbe  zur  wohlverdienten 
Straffe  zu  ziehen."  Hamburg,  1705,  8vo,  pp.  694. 

The  frontispiece  is  an  ordinary  representation 
of  the  witches'  sabbath,  with  nothing  remarkable 


448 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[8**  S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '6 


but  a  race  in  the  clouds  between  two  witches,  one 
mounted  on  a  ram,  the  other  on  a  pitchfork.  Below 
each  plate  is  "P.  Goldschmidt,/eczY."  The  second 
work  is  a  fit  sequel  to  the  first,  and  is  composed 
of  similar  materials.  Eleven  hundred  pages  of 
demonology  in  old  German  is  too  much  for  con- 
tinuous reading,  but  Peter  Goldschmidt  is  one  of 
the  most  learned  and  amusing  of  his  class,  and  I 
expect  to  read  him  bit  by  bit.  I  have  looked  into 
such  works  of  reference  as  lie  in  my  way  here, 
and  cannot  find  any  mention  of  him.  I  shall  be 
glad  to  know  who  he  was,  and  whether  these 
volumes  are  well  known  or  not. 

Paris  was  once  the  place  for  picking  up  curious 
books ;  it  is  now  far  less  so  than  London.  The 
quais  abound  with  boxes  of  books,  but  they  are 
mostly  modern  or  worthless.  I  bought  the  above- 
mentioned  at  a  stall  in  the  Rue  Colbert  (Lefebvre's, 
No.  10),  which  I  have  visited  for  many  years,  and 
seldom  failed  to  find  something  tempting.  Give 
me  credit  for  mentioning  this,  for  it  is  as  if  Venator 
were  to  point  out  the  form  of  a  hare,  or  Piscator 
the  haunt  of  a  trout. 

FlTZHOPKINS. 
Paris. 


ANCIENT  BOOKBINDING. 

In  the  last  number  of  the  East  Anglian;  or 
Notes  and  Queries  on  Subjects  connected  with  the 
Counties  of  Suffolk,  Cambridge,  Essex,  and  Nor- 
folk, among  various  extracts  from  the  church- 
wardens' accounts  of  Bungay  in  the  first-named 
county,  are  the  following  very  circumstantial  de- 
tails of  some  expenses  in  bookbinding,  which  I 
transcribe  as  being  deserving  of  wider  circulation, 
and  in  the  hope  they  may  attract  other  informa- 
tion of  a  similar  kind  upon  an  art  of  which  com- 
paratively little  has  been  published  :  — 

1525.  It'm,  payde  to  the  Booke  byiider  for  ij  dayes 

and  a  halfe        -  -  viijd 

It'm,  payde  for  his  boorde  vd 

It'm,  payde  for  parchement  for  to  mende 
w*  ye  seid  book  -  -  ijd  ob 

By  "  his  boorde  "  we  must  understand,  not  the 
material  for  his  work,  but  his  maintenance  in  food, 
as  more  fully  detailed  in  the  following  entries :  — 

1537.  It'm,  payd  onto  Garrard  for  iij  cawfskyns 

for  the  reparacion  off  ye  books  -  xviijd 

It'm,  payd  onto  him  for  halfe  a  horsse- 
hydd  for  the  reparacion  of  y°  books  and 
bells  (i.  e.  the  bells  in  the  steeple)  '  -  xvjd 

It'm,  payd  onto  Thomas  Gyrlyng  for  iij 

sk3'ns  to  ye  reparacion  of  the  books  -  viijd 

It'm,  payd  unto  the  sayd  Thomas  for  ij 
skyns  for  the  cloffers  [covers?]  to  ye 
books  -  iijd 

It'm,  payd  for  iiij  rede  skyns  for  the 
books  -----  xvjd 


It'm,  payd  ffor  fflower  for  the  books  -  jd 

It'm,  payd  onto  the  bookbynder  and  the 

wryter  for  xxx  dayes  -  xx1 

It'm,  payd  onto  Raymys  wyfe  for  their 

borde,  v  wekes  -  xv« 

It'm,  payd  onto  the  bookbynder  for  ser- 

tyn  skyns,  glewe,  vellym,  and  for  men- 

dyn  sertyn  bookes         -  V  xd 

The  "flower"  was  probably  to  make  paste 
withal.  A  task  which  employed  the  bookbinder 
and  the  writer  for  five  weeks  was  evidently  a  con- 
siderable one.  Mr.  Baker  (by  whom  the  extracts 
are  communicated)  in  a  note  has  attributed  it  to 
an  entire  revision  of  the  books  of  the  old  church 
service,  attendant  upon  the  full  completion  of  the 
Reformation.  It  was  not,  however,  until  two 
years  after  that  Sir  Richard  Charnell  received  ij" 
from  the  churchwardens  for  correcting  the  service 
of  Thomas  Becket,  together  with  ijd  for  bread  and 
drink  during  the  time  of  doing  it,  and  John  Pack, 
iij*  iiijd  for  razing  the  windows  of  Becket,  and 
transposing  the  stained  clothes  that  Thomas  Becket 
was  on.  The  "  correcting,"  it  may  be  presumed, 
was  equivalent  to  cancelling ;  and  the  "  transpos- 
ing "  something  like  turning  inside  out. 

J .  (jr.  JN . 


FASHIONABLE  QUARTERS  OF  LONDON. 

The  progress  of  transmigration  of  the  fashion- 
able world  from  the  East  to  the  West  of  the 
metropolis,  with  the  occasional  irruptions  into  the 
Northern  and  other  outlying  districts,  is  a  subject 
of  antiquarian  and  modern  interest,  the  inquiry 
into  which,  I  should  think,  would  be  generally 
acceptable  to  your  readers.  Let  me,  then,  sug- 
gest to  some  of  your  learned  correspondents  the 
obligation  they  would  confer,  particularly,  on  your 
London  friends,  if  they  would  trace  the  changes 
of  locality  which  have  occurred  either  by  neces- 
sity or  fashion,  or  by  the  gradual  increase  of  the 
town  and  its  junction  with  the  suburbs. 

As  it  would  be  unfair  to  make  a  suggestion  for 
inquiry  without  contributing  some  little  matter  to 
further  it,  let  me  begin  with  the  Chancellors  of 
England, — a  body  of  men  who,  if  they  cannot  be 
considered  of  the  class  of  fashion,  are  still  so  im- 
portant in  their  position  as  to  afford  some  index 
to  the  variations  which  have  taken  place  from 
time  to  time  in  the  residences  of  the  great. 

In  the  earlier  reigns,  when  the  Chancellor  was 
little  more  than  the  King's  private  Secretary,  they 
probably  were  located  in  the  palace  with  the 
royal  family,  till  they  received  their  reward  in 
Bishoprics  or  other  ecclesiastical  dignities.  It 
would  not  assist  our  purpose,  therefore,  to  carry 
the  inquiry  further  back  than  the  reign  of  Ed- 
ward III. 

Under  that  king  we  find  the  Chancellor,  Sir 
Robert  Parning,  resided  in  Alderrnanbury. 


S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


449 


Robert  de  Thorpe  died  Chancellor  in  1372,  at 
the  Bishop  of  Salisbury's  house  in  Fleet  Street. 

In  the  reign  of  Henry  IV.  the  residence  of 
John  de  Scarle,  the  Chancellor,  was  in  Chancery 
Lane,  on  the  site  which  is  now  known  as  Serjeants' 
Inn. 

Henry  VIII.  compelled  Cardinal  Wolsey,  so 
long  his  Chancellor,  to  give  up  his  residence  as 
Archbishop  of  York,  called  York  Place,  which 
the  king  converted  into  a  palace  known  by  the 
name  of  Whitehall. 

Wolsey's  successor,  Sir  Thomas  More,  lived 
successively  in  Bucklersbury,  Crosby  Place  in 
Bishopsgate,  and  Chelsea ;  at  the  last  of  which  he 
resided  when  Chancellor. 

The  next  Chancellor,  Sir  Thomas  Audley, 
Lord  Audley  of  Walden,  held  his  private  sittings 
at  his  house  in  Cannon  Row,  Westminster ;  but 
afterwards  converted  the  priory  of  the  Holy 
Trinity,  or  Christchurch,  in  Aldgate,  his  share  of 
King  Henry's  confiscations,  into  a  mansion  for 
himself.  This  was  afterwards  occupied  by  his 
son-in-law,  the  Duke  of  Norfolk  ;  the  memory  of 
which  is  still  preserved  in  its  modern  designation 
of  Duke's  Place. 

Lord  Chancellor  Thomas  Wriothesley,  Earl  of 
Southampton,  who  held  the  office  under  Henry 
VIII.  and  Edward  VI.,  lived  in  Lincoln  Place, 
Holborn,  afterwards  known  as  Southampton 
House,  the  site  of  which  is  now  partly  covered 
by  the  offices  lately  used  by  the  Masters  in 
Chancery. 

Edward  Vlth's  Chancellor,  Richard  Rich,  Lord 
Rich,  of  disreputable  memory,  lived  in  Great  St. 
Bartholomew's. 

Nicholas  Heath,  Archbishop  of  York,  Lord 
Chancellor  to  Queen  Mary,  received  a  grant  from 
her  Majesty  of  a  residence  in  London  for  the 
Archbishops  of  York,  in  lieu  of  that  taken  away 
from  Cardinal  Wolsey  by  Henry  VIII.  This 
was  Suffolk  House,  near  St.  George's  Church, 
Southwark ;  but  was  permitted  to  change  this 
for  Norwich  House,  near  Charing  Cross,  which, 
adopting  the  name  of  York  House,  became  the 
residence  of  several  future  Chancellors  as  tenants 
of  the  Archbishops. 

Except  in  the  instance  of  York  House,  which 
is  remarkable  for  the  reason  above-mentioned,  I 
have  not  noticed  the  residences  of  the  Chancellors 
who  were  Bishops,  inasmuch  as  they  were  gene- 
rally attached  to  their  Sees,  and  I  confine  myself 
in  this  communication  to  the  localities  of  legal 
men. 

For  the  present  I  will  stop  here,  reserving  the 
future  reigns  for  another  week,  supposing  you 
show  your  approval  by  inserting  this. 

EDWARD  Foss. 


"  PIG  AND  WHISTLE:"  INCONGRUOUS  SIGNS. — 
This  subject  has  been  taken  up  by  a  literary 
contemporary,  and  some  ingenious  but  far-fetched 
attempts  at  explanation  have  been  made,  deduced 
from  languages  the  publican  is  not  likely  to  have 
heard  of.  The  following  seem  at  least  to  be  un- 
doubted English :  "  The  Sun  and  Whalebone," 
"  Cock  and  Bell,"  "  Ram  and  Teazle,"  "  Cow  and 
Snuffers,"  "  Crow  and  Horseshoe,"  "  Hoop  and 
Pie," — cum  multis  aliis.  I  have  some  remem- 
brance of  a  very  simple  solution  of  the  cause  of 
the  incongruity,  which  was  this :  —  The  lease 
being  out,  of  (say)  the  sign  of  "  The  Ram,"  or  the 
tenant  had  left  for  some  cause,  and  gone  to  the 
sign  of  "  The  Teazle :  "  wishing  to  be  known  and 
followed  by  as  many  of  his  old  connexion  as  pos- 
sible, and  also  to  secure  the  new,  he  took  his  old 
sign  with  him  and  set  it  up  beside  the  other  ; 
and  the  house  soon  became  known  as  "  The  Ram 
and  Teazle."  After  some  time  the  signs  required 
repainting  or  renewing ;  and,  as  one  board  was 
more  convenient  than  two,  the  "emblems,"  as 
poor  Dick  Tinto  calls  them,  were  depicted  toge- 
ther— and  hence  rose  the  puzzle.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

SIR  JOHN  DALRYMP.LE. — To  the  many  instances 
of  neglected  biography  which  have  been  men- 
tioned in  your  miscellany,  must  be  added  the 
author  of  the  Memoirs  of  Great  Britain.  His  life 
is  not  given  by  Chalmers,  Gorton,  the  compiler  of 
the  Georgian  Era,  Rose,  or  Chambers  ;  nor  is  even 
his  death  recorded  in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine, 
the  Annual  Register,  or  the  Edinburgh  Annual 
Register. 

He  was  the  son  of  Sir  William  Dalrymple  of 
Cousland;  was  born  in  1726,  and  after  being 
educated  in  the  University  of  Edinburgh,  and  at 
Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge,  became  an  Advocate  at 
the  Scottish  bar.  He  succeeded  to  his  father's 
baronetcy  in  1770;  was  made  a  baron  of  the 
Scottish  Exchequer  in  1776;  resigned  that  post 
in  1807,  and  died  Feb.  26,  1810. 

He  married  his  cousin  Elizabeth,  only  child  and 
heir  of  Thomas  Hamilton  Macgill,  Esq.,  of  Fala 
and  Oxenfoord.  Two  of  his  sons,  John  Hamilton 
and  North  Hamilton,  became  Earls  of  Stair ;  the 
latter  now  enjoying  that  dignity. 

Particulars  of  Sir  John  Dalrymple's  works  may 
be  obtained  from  the  ordinary  sources  of  biblio- 
graphical information,  and  somewhat,  but  not 
much,  respecting  him  from  Boswell's  Life  of  John- 
son, the  Caldwell  Papers,  and  the  Autobiography 
of  Alexander  Carlyle.  A  brief  notice  of  Sir  John 
Dalrymple  occurs  in  the  English  Cyclopcedia 
(Biogr.  ii.  483,  col.  2),  but  the  date  of  his  death 
is  not  there  given. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 


450 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '63. 


SELLING  A  WIFE  BY  AUCTION.  —  There  have 
been  several  noticesof  wife-selling  in  your  columns, 
but  I  do  not  remember  seeing  any  account  of  the 
peculiar  circumstances  under  which  the  custom 
became  a  settled  legal  point  in  the  minds  of  the 
labouring  population. 

When  the  war  was  over  in  1815,  and  great  num- 
bers of  soldiers  were  disbanded,  many  of  them 
found,  on  reaching  what  had  been  their  homes, 
that,  their  wives  had  married  again,  and  that  a 
new  family  had  sprung  up  to  which  the  unfortu- 
nate soldier  or  sailor  had  no  claim.  In  some  of 
these  cases  certainly  nobody  was  to  blame.  The 
wife  had  heard  from  more  or  less  certain  sources 
that  her  husband  had  been  killed  in  such  a  battle, 
and  after  a  decent  interval  had  got  another ;  all 
parties  were  in  the  wrong  ;  all  were  to  be  pitied, 
but  what  was  to  be  done  ?  I  don't  suppose  that  the 
thing  originated  then,  for  such  events  must  have 
occurred  in  former  wars ;  but  any  way,  the  fact  of 
taking  a  wife  to  the  market,  and  selling  her  by 
auction,  was  considered  as  effectual  a  way  of  dis- 
solving the  vinculum  as  if  it  had  been  done  in  the 
House  of  Lords  itself.  The  second  husband  be- 
came the  purchaser  for  a  nominal  sum,  twopence 
or  sixpence,  the  first  was  free  to  marry  again,  and 
all  parties  were  content.  In  the  manufacturing- 
districts  in  1815  and  1816  hardly  a  market-day 
passed  without  such  sales  month  after  month. 
The  authorities  shut  their  eyes  at  the  time,  and 
the  people  were  confirmed  in  the  perfect  legality 
of  the  proceeding,  as  they  had  already  been  satis- 
fied of  its  justice. 

It  seems,  however,  not  improbable  that  its  origin 
would  be  found  in  times  long  ago,  when  women 
guilty  of  adultery  were  either  put  to  death  or  sold 
as  slaves.  JANTJOC. 

LADY  DENBIGH  AND  GARRICK. — The  following 
letters  are  extremely  characteristic,  and,  so  far  as 
I  am  aware,  have  not  been  printed.  Before  I 
possessed  them  they  were  in  the  collection  of  Mr. 
Dawson  Turner,  and  a  MS.  note  declares  they 
were  sold  at  Southgate's,  Feb.  19,  1827,  lot  78. 
Garrick's  reply  has  many  erasures  and  interlinea- 
tions :  — 

"  Lady  Denbigh  is  extremely  surpriz'd  to  find  it  ad- 
vertis'd  that  Mr  Garrick  plays  to-night,  and  to  have 
receiv'd  no  notice  of  it  from  him  notwithstanding  her 
request  and  his  promise. 

"  South  Street,  Thursday  Morn." 

"  Adelphi,  Thursday. 

"  Mr  Garrick  presents  his  respects  to  Lady  Denbigh — 
he  had  so  much  ....  when  her  Ladyship's  servant  was 
with  him,  that  he  cd  not  give  a  full  answer  to  the  Note. 
Mr  G.  did  not  imagine  that  her  Ladyship  would  want 
any  Notice  of  a  Play  which  was  in  the  Papers  the  day 
before.  Had  Mr  G.  not  settled  to  play  the  part  of  Kitely 
so  soon,  he  should  certainly  have  given  her  LP  notice  of 
it — as  it  was  Mr  G.  had  secured  a  box  for  lJ  D.,  and  ex- 
pected her  Servant  all  ye  morns  to  have  her  commands, 
and  must  confess  that  he  was  rather  surpris'd  to  receive 


a  note  of  Displeasure,  when  he  flattered  himself  he  de- 
serv'd  Lady  D's  thanks." 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 
Glasgow. 

STEAMBOAT.  —  The  following  may  be  useful  as 
a  mark  of  the  rate  of  speed  in  ship  building  :  — 

"  A  new  steamboat  has  been  launched  at  Potsdam 
larger  than  any  yet  built  in  Europe.  It  is  200  feet  long, 
and  44  feet  wide.  It  is  impelled  by  two  engines  of  20-horse 
power  each;  it  was  named  'The  Blucher'  with  grand 
ceremony." — Literary  Gazette,  1820,  Feb.,  p.  94. 

W.  P. 

LAYING  THE  FIRST  STONE.  —  Godwyn.  Horn. 
Ant.  p.  22,  ed.  1633,  has  an  account  of  laying  the 
first  stone  of  a  temple  among  the  Romans,  which 
very  much  corresponds  with  the  present  custom. 
After  describing  other  ceremonies  of  dedication, 
he  writes  :  — 

"  This  being  done,  the  Praetor  touched  certain  ropes, 
wherewith  a  great  stone,  being  the  tirst  of  the  founda- 
tion, was  tyed.  Together  with  that,  other  chief  magis- 
trates, priests,  and  all  sorts  of  people  did  help  to  pluck 
that  stone,  and  let  it  down  into  its  place,  casting  in 
wedges  of  gold  and  silver,  which  had  never  been  purified 
or  tried  in  the  fire.  These  ceremonies  being  ended,  the 
Aruspex  pronounced  with  a  loud  voice,  saying  — '  Ne 
temeretur  opus  saxo  aurove  in  aliud  destinato : '  i.  e.  Let 
not  this  work  be  unhallowed  by  converting  this  stone  or 
gold  into  any  other  use." 

Those  who  stand  at  the  laying  a  foundation 
stone  would  hardly  conceive  the  antiquity  of  those 
details  in  which  they  take  part,  or,  at  all  events, 
see.  FRANCIS  TRENCH. 

Islip  Rectory. 

FATHER  AND  SON. — The  case  of  a  man  not  set- 
ting eyes  on  his  own  son  until  he  was  fifty  years 
old,  is  probably  without  a  parallel.  The  story  is 
told  by  Leslie,  in  his  agreeable  Recollections  of 
West,  the  painter's  father.  On  his  emigrating  to 
America,  he  left  his  wife  in  England  ;  who  died 
shortly  after  giving  birth  to  a  son,  whom  his 
father  first  saw  on  his  return  to  his  native  land 
fifty  years  afterwards.  The  painter  was  one  of 
the  second  wife's  family,  born  in  America. 

E.  H.  A. 

ALPHONSO  FERRABOSCO. — A  note  or  two  (from 
MS.  materials)  touching  a  well-known  musician 
resident  in  England  in  the  reign  of  James  I.,  will 
interest  DR.  KIMBAULT,  MR.  CHAPPELL,  and  many 
of  your  musical  readers  :  — 

"  To  Alphonso  fferrabosco,  one  of  her  Ma1'  Musicons, 
upon  a  Warrant  dated  v'°  Decembr.  1(323,  for  a  new  lyra 
and  vail  de  gambo  by  him  bought,  xx11. — Accounts  of  the 
Treasurer  of  the  Chamber. 

Ferrabosco,  the  elder,  died  in  1627-8  ;  and  was 
succeeded  in  one,  at  least,  of  his  situations  at 
court  by  his  son  :  — 

"  A  Warrant  to  swear  Alfonso  Ferraltosco,  a  musician 
to  His  Majesty,  for  the  Viols  and  Wind  Instruments,  in 
vc  place  of  his  father,  Alfonso  Ferrabosco,  deceased. — 
19  March,  1627-L8]." 


3'd  S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


451 


Alphonso,  the  elder,  was  a  favourite  with  King 
James  I. :  Lansdowne  MS.,  in  the  British  Museum, 
No.  156,  recording  his  annual  pension  from  the 
king  at  fifty  pounds. 

Several  offices  at  court,  connected  with  the 
King's  Chamber,  were  filled  by  Ferrabosco:  1. 
A  Musician's  place  in  general ;  2.  A  Composer's 
place  ;  3.  A  Viol's  place  ;  and  4.  An  Instructor's 
place  to  the  Prince  (Charles  I.)  in  the  Art  of 
Music. 

And  now  for  a  Query :  Did  Ferrabosco  die 
in  England,  and  where  was  he  buried  ? 

PETER  CUNNINGHAM. 

"  HAVE  THE  FRENCH  FOR  FRIENDS,  BUT  NOT 
FOR  NEIGHBOURS."— The  origin  of  this  proverb, 
which  is  not  out  of  place  at  the  present  time, 
dates  from  the  year  803,  at  which  period  the 
Emperor  Nicephorus,  while  treating  with  the 
ambassadors  of  Charlemagne,  took  the  greatest 
precautions  to  protect  his  possessions  from  the 
French,  who  continually  menaced  them.  His 
common  expression  was,  "  Have  the  French  for 
friends,  but  not  for  neighbours."  W.  J. 


LETTERS  OF  MADAME  DE  SEVIGNE. 

Messrs.  Hachette  &  Co.,  publishers,  Paris,  who 
are  at  present  giving  in  their  Collection  des  Grands 
Ecrivains  de  la  France  a  new  edition  of  Madame 
de  Sevigne's  correspondence,  would  be  most 
thankful  to  communicate,  either  by  letter  or 
through  the  medium  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  with  persons 
possessing  autographs,  or  old  copies  of  letters, 
written  by  Madame  de  Sevigne  and  the  various 
members  of  her  family  (Charles  de  Sevigne,  the 
Grignans,  the  Coulanges,  &c.  &c.)  The  indica- 
tion of  the  date,  and  the  quotation  of  the  first  few 
lines  of  these  autographs,  or  copies,  would  be 
esteemed  a  favour,  ns  also  the  kind  permission  to 
have  transcripts  made,  at  their  own  expense,  of 
any  document  of  the  above  character ;  a  scrupu- 
lously correct  text  being  one  of  the  principal 
merits  which  Messrs.  Hachette  &  Co.  endeavour 
to  secure  for  their  collection. 

Seven  volumes  of  Madame  de  Sevigne's  letters 
have  already  appeared  ;  but  the  information  and 
the  permission  requested  would  not  be  useless, 
even  if  the  autographs  or  copies  belonged  by 
their  date  to  an  epoch  comprised  in  the  portion 
now  before  the  public  ;  for  it  is  purposed  to  com- 
plete the  work  with  a  Supplement,  which  shall 
embody  all  documents  accidentally  omitted,  be- 
sides rectifications  and  additions  of  every  kind. 

Messrs.  Hachette  &  Co.  would  likewise  receive 
with  gratitude  communications  of  the  same  sort 
referring  to  other  celebrated  French  writers,  par- 
ticularly those  who  lived  during  the  seventeenth 
century. 


Horace  Walpole  had  in  his  possession  auto- 
graph letters  of  Madame  de  Sevigne.  Any  of  the 
numerous  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  knowing  the 
present  whereabouts  of  these  letters  would  confer 
the  greatest  obligation  upon  Messrs.  Hachette  & 
Co.  by  forwarding  to  them  particulars,  addressed 
to  the  care  of  Messrs.  Williams  &  Norgate,  Hen- 
rietta Street,  Covent  Garden,  London. 


SUNDRY  QUERIES. 

1.  By  whom,    and  where,  was   WyclifFe  first 
styled  the  "Morning  Star  of  the  Reformation?" 

[This  epithet  was  first  applied  to  Wycliffe  by  John 
Fox,  in  his  Life  of  the  Reformer.  He  says :  "  When  the 
lamentable  ignorance  and  darknesse  of  God's  truth  had 
overshadowed  the  whole  earth,  this  man,  Wiekliffe,  step- 
ped forth  like  a  valiant  champion,  unto  whom  it  may 
justly  be  applied  that  is  spoken  in  the  booke  called  Eccle- 
siasticus  (ch  1.  ver.  6,)  of  one  Simon  the  sonne  of  Onias: 
'  Even  as  the  morning  star  being  in  the  middest  of  a  cloud, 
and  as  the  moone  being  full  in  her  course,  and  as  the 
bright  beames  of  the  sunne:  so  doth  he  shine  and  glister 
in  the  temple  and  church  of  God.'"  —  Wordsworth's 
Ecdes.  Biog.,  edit.  1853,  i.  170.] 

2.  Who  was  the  Angel  of  France? 

3.  Where  did  Shelley  get  his  name  of  Adonais 
for  Keats,  and  what  does  it  signify  ? 

4.  At  what  date  was    Maga  first,  used  as   a 
familiar  synonyme  for  Blackwood 's  Magazine  ? 

5.  Who  is  Bombastes  Furioso  ? 

\_Bombastes  Furioso  is  the  title  of  a  burlesque  tragic 
opera  by  William  Barnes  Rhodes,  performed  at  the  Hay- 
market  in  1810.  It  was  intended  to  ridicule  the  bom- 
bast of  modern  tragedies.  It  has  since  been  printed  at 
Dublin,  8vo,  1822.] 

6.  Where  can  a  good  account,  historical  and 
descriptive,  of  the  Via  Dolorosa  be  found  ? 

7.  Who  is  the  Sir  Matthew  Mite,  thus  alluded 
to  by  Macaulay  ? — "  As  useless  as  the  series  of 
turnpike  tickets  collected  by  Sir  Matthew  Mite." 
Tbe  personage  of  this  name,  who  figures  in  Foote's 
comedy  of  the  Nabob,  has  no  such  collection ;  at 
least,  not  in  the  editions  of  Foote's  Works  which 
I  have  consulted. 

8.  Who  was  Mother  Douglas  ?  — 

"  I  question  much  whether  the  celebrated  Mother 
Douglas  herself  could  have  made  such  a  figure  in  an 
extemporaneous  altercation." — Smollett. 

[Foote,  in  his  comedy,  The  Minor,  in  the  character 
of  Mrs.  Cole,  has  represented  the  notorious  Mother  Douglas, 
the  procuress.  She  also  figures  in  Hogarth's  "  March  to 
Finchley,"  and  is  repeated  in  the  last  print  but  one  of 
"  Industry  and  Idleness."  In  Bonnel  Thornton's  explan- 
ation of  the  former,  he  says:  "You  will  pardon  the  in- 
vention of  a  new  term — I  shall  include  the  whole  King's 
Head  in  the  word  Cattery,  the  principal  figure  of  which 
is  a  noted  fat  Covent- Garden  lady  [Mother  Douglas], 
who,  with  pious  eyes  cast  up  to  Heaven,  prays  for  the 
army's  success,  and  the  safe  return  of  many  of  her  babes 
of  grace."  Mother  Douglas  resided  at  the  north-east 
corner  of  Covent  Garden,  where  she  died  on  June  10, 


452 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8*a  S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '63. 


1761.  Her  house  was  most  superbly  furnished  and  de- 
corated with  expensive  pictures,  by  old  masters,  in  large 
gilt  frames.  Mr.  Langford  sold  her  furniture,  and  in  the 
course  of  the  sale  made  some  shrewd  and  witty  remarks 
upon  the  articles.] 

9.  Who  is  Dorax  ?  — 

"  Like  Dorax  in  the  play,  I  submitted,  though  •'  with  a 
swelling  heart.'  " — Sir  W,  Scott. 

10.  Talboy?  — 

"  Much  grieved  and  joyful  by  fits,  like  Talboy  in  the 
play." — Pref.  to  Rabelais. 

11.  Milor  Beefington  ?  — 

"'  Will  without  power,'  said  the  sagacious  Casimir  to 
Milor  Beefington, '  is  like  children  playing  at  soldiers.'  " — 
Macaulay. 

[This  passage  is  quoted  from  the  dramatic  piece,  "  The 
Rovers ;  or,  the  Double  Arrangement,"  Act  iv.  in  The  Poetry 
of  the  Anti-Jacobin.  Casimere  is  a  Polish  emigrant ;  and 
Beefington  an  English  nobleman,  an  exile  by  the  tyranny 
of  King  John,  previous  to  the  signature  of  Magna  Charta.] 

12.  Who  are  the  two  Mother  Bunches  referred 
to  in  the  following  citation  ?  — 

"  Now  that  we  have  fairly  entered  into  the  matrimo- 
nial chapter,  we  must  needs  speak  of  Mother  Bunch  ;  not 
the  Mother  Bunch  whose  fairy  tales  are  repeated  to  the 
little  ones,  but  she  whose  '  cabinet,'  when  broken  open, 
reveals  so  many  powerful  love-spells.  It  is  Mother  Bunch 
who  teaches  the  blooming  damsel  to  recall  the  fickle 
lover,  or  to  fix  the  wandering  gaze  of  the  cautious  swain 
attracted  by  her  charms,  yet  scorning  the  fetters  of  the 
parson,  and"  dreading  the  still  more  fearful  vision  of  the 
churchwarden,  the  constable,  the  justice,  the  warrant, 
and  the  jail." — Quarterly  Review,  No.  XLI.  art.  v. 

[The  fairy  tales  of  the  first  lady  of  this  name  may  be 
found  in  "  Pasquil's  Jests,  with  the  Merriments  of  Mother 
Bunch:  wittie,  pleasant,  and  delightfull.  Lond.,  1653, 
4to."  The  work,  or  rather  chap-book,  by  the  other  belle 
of  this  name,  is  entitled  "  Mother  Stench's  Closet  Newly 
Broke  Open,  containing  Rare  Secrets  of  Art  and  Nature, 
tried  and  experienced,  by  Learned  Philosophers,  and  re- 
commended to  all  ingenious  Young  Men  and  Maids; 
teaching  them,  in  a  natural  way,  how  to  get  good  Wives 
and  Husbands.  By  a  Lover  of  Mirth  and  Hater  of  Trea- 
son. In  Two  Parts.  Lond.  12mo.  1760."] 

13.  Who  is  Sir  Tunbelly  Guzzle,  alluded  to  by 
Lord  Chesterfield  in  one  of  his  Letters  to  his  Son  ? 

[Sir  Tunbelly  Guzzle  is  a  worthy  old  north-country 
baronet,  sadly  afflicted  with  the  gout,  and  an  inveterate 
scurvy.  His  character  is  sketched  by  Chesterfield  in  No. 
90  of  The  World.'] 

14.  Who  are  Tom  Dingle,  Tom  Noodle,  Tom 
Stitch,  Tom  Tiddler,  and  Tom  Tram?  — 

"  In  conclusion,  we  have  to  recommend  to  those  whom 
it  may  concern,  to  avoid,  as  much  as  possible,  the  name 
of  Thomas;  it  being  pretty  certain  that  there  must  have 
been  formerly  some  remarkably  silly  fellow  of  that  name, 
whence  it  hath  been  transmitted  to  posterity  with  no 
great  honour,  as  witness  Tom  Fool,  Tom  Dingle,  Cousin 
Tom,  Silly  Tom,  Tom  Noodle,  and  the  diminutive  bird 
Tom  Tit." — Brady,  Names  of  Persons,  p.  56. 

*  15.  Who  are  the  "Jockey  of  Norfolk,"  "The 
Crutched  Friar,"  "  The  Curtal,"  and  "  The  Capu- 
chin," mentioned  in  an  article  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  2ud 
S.  iii.  262  ? 


16.  How  did  the  Duke  of  Somerset  (Edward 
Seymour?)   get  his  appellation  of  "The  Duke 
with  the  Silver  Hand  ?  "  (iibi  supra.) 

17.  Who  was  the  Princess  Elizabeth  surnamed 
"  Queen  of  Hearts,"  and  how   did   she  get  this 
title  ?  (iibi  supra.) 

[Elizabeth,  daughter  to  King  James  I.,  and  the  un- 
fortunate Queen  of  Bohemia.  So  engaging  was  her  be- 
haviour, that  she  was,  in  the  Low  Countries,  called  "  The 
Queen  of  Hearts."  When  her  fortunes  were  at  the  lowest 
ebb,  she  never  departed  from  her  dignity ;  and  poverty 
and  distress  seemed  to  have  no  other  effect  upon  her,  but 
to  render  her  more  an  object  of  admiration  than  she  was 
before.] 

18.  Who  was  Duke  Humphrey,  who  was  called 
"  The  Good  Duke  ?"  (ubi  supra.} 

[Humphrey  Plantagenet,  Duke  of  Gloucester,  com- 
monly called  "The  Good,"  was  the  youngest  son  of  King 
Henry  IV.  He  was  a  singular  promoter  of  literature 
and  the  common  patron  of  the  scholars  of  the  time. 
About  the  year  1440,  he  gave  to  the  University  of  Oxford 
a  library  containing  six  hundred  volumes.  These  books 
are  called  Novi  Tractatus,  or  New  Treatises,  in  the  Uni- 
versity register,  and  said  to  be  admirandi  apparatus.  He 
died  in  1446,  *.  p.,  when  his  honours  became  extinct. 
Granger  informs  us,  that  "this  Prince's  vault,  in  which 
his  body  was  preserved  in  a  kind  of  pickle,  was  discovered 
at  St.  Alban's  in  the  year  1703."  Christopher  Middleton 
was  the  author  of  The  Legend  of  Humphrey,  Duke  of 
Gloucester,  Lond.  1600, 4to,  a  metrical  production  consisting 
of  184  stanzas.] 

19.  Who  were  the  Maid   of  Saragossa,  Lady 
Bountiful,  and  the  Duke  of  Fairlight  ? 

[For  a  notice 

"  of  the  Maid 
Waving  her  more  than  Amazonian  blade," 

see  Byron's  Childe  Harold,  canto  i.  stanzas  54,  55,  and  56, 
and  Byron's  note.] 

W.  A.  W 
Dorchester,  near  Boston,  U.  S. 


THE  ACLAND  FAMILY.  —  Will  any  Devonshire 
antiquary  assist  me  under  the  following  circum- 
stances?—  I  have  a  deed  dated  the  22nd  of  April, 
9  Hen.  VII.  (1494),  by  which  one  Elizabeth  Ache- 
lane,  widow,  provides  that,  after  her  decease,  all 
her  lands,  &c.  "  in  Pylle,  Barnestaple,  South  Rad- 
deworthy,  Whytefeld,  Rockelegh,  Fulford,  Tori- 
ton,  Fremyngton,  Newport  Epi,  et  Rownessam  in 
com  Devon,"  together  with  lands,  &c.  "  in  Tenby, 
Bonbylystourt  et  Pentylpyre  in  Wallia  in  com 
Pembroch,"  shall  be  conveyed  to  her  son  Brian 
Travers ;  in  default  to  her  son  Nicholas  Travers ; 
and  in  default  to  her  son  Robert  Ackelane.  The 
estate  is  also  charged  with  100  shillings  per  ann. 
to  be  paid  to  one  Edmund  Delyon  during  his  life. 
I  am  extremely  anxious  to  know  of  what  parent- 
age was  this  Elizabeth  Acland  ?  the  Christian 
names  of  her  husbands  ?  how  she  became  pos- 
sessed of  these  lands  ?  and  who  was  Edmund 
Delyon  ?  II.  J.  S. 

Oxford. 


3rt  S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


453 


CURFEW  AND  DEVIL'S  BELL. — Where  can  I  find 
information  concerning  the  good  old  custom  of 
curfew  ringing,  and  the  churches  in  which  it  is 
still  kept  up  ?  *  Also  concerning  occasional  bells, 
such  as  the  "  Devil's  knell,"  rung  every  Christmas 
day  at  Oakham.  There  are,  I  believe,  many  such 
in  some  of  the  nooks  and  corners  of  Old  England, 
though  they  may  not  be  generally  known. 

Jos.  HARGRA  E. 

Clare  College,  Cambridge. 

THE  DEMESNE  CART.' —  Various  persons  in 
Surrey  being  called  upon  to  convey  timber  for 
the  navy  from  a  forest  in  which  it  was  cut  to  a. 
place  whence  it  was  to  be  conveyed  by  water  to 
one  of  the  royal  dockyards,  set  up  various  claims 
of  exemption.  Among  them  certain  knights  and 
knights'  widows  claimed  privilege  "  by  their  de- 
mesne cart."  The  claim  was  allowed  by  the 
council  on  May  1,  1634,  not  to  knights'  widows, 
but  to  knights  themselves,  "  for  their  demesne 
cart,  when  they  keep  their  lands  in  their  own 
hands."  The  general  nature  and  reason  of  this 
privilege,  as  applicable  to  a  cart  employed  by  a 
lord  on  his  demesne  lands,  is  clear  enough,  but  in 
this  case  it  was  claimed  by  knights  not  lords,  and 
allowed  to  them  in  that  character.  What  was  the 
exact  nature  of  the  privilege,  and  what  writer  has 
mentioned  it  ?  JEBNORUCH. 

EST  ROSA  FLOS  VENERIS.  — 

"  Est  Rosa  flos  Veneris,  quern,  quo  sua  furta  laterent, 

Harpocrati,  matris  dona,  dicavit  Amor. 

Inde  rosam  mensis  hospes  suspendit  amicis, 

Conviva  ut  sub  ea  dicta  tacenda  sciat." 

Where  do  these  lines  occur,  and  is  the  custom 
therein  referred  to  the  origin  of  the  phrase  "  sub 
rosa"?  J.  S.  L. 

[A  query  as  to  the  authorship  of  these  lines  was  in- 
serted in  the  first  volume  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  p.  214,  but  with- 
out eliciting  any  satisfactory  answer.  T.  J.,  in  the  same 
volume,  p.  458,  stated  he  had  searched  for  them  in  vain 
in  the  Amphitheatrum  Sapientia  of  Dornavius,  and  sug- 
gested a  search  in.  the  Rhodologia  of  Rosenbergius.  —  ED. 
"S.  &Q-."] 

FEMALE  FOOLS.  —  The  following  list,  taken 
chiefly  from  Dr.  Doran,  includes  all  the  official 
female  fools  I  know  of.  I  should  be  glad  to  learn 
whether  any  other  than  these  are  recorded,  and 
where  to  look  for  information  as  to  such  others, 
and  as  to  the  cases  mentioned  below  :  — 

1. ,   a  female   jester  in    Edward  II.'s 

court,  1316. 

2.  Artande  du  Puy,  fool  to  Jeanne,  Queen  of 
Charles  of  France,  1373. 

3.  Madame  d'Or,  court  fool  at  Bruges,  1429. 

4.  • ,  fool  to  Margaret,  granddaughter  of 

Charles  the  Bold. 

[*  Tn  our  First  Series  will  be  found  the  names  of  many 
places  vhere  the  curfew  is  still  rung.] 


5.  Mdlle.  Levin,  "  la  folle  de  la  reyne  de  Na- 
varre." 

6.  La  Jardiniere,  fool  to  Catherine  de  Medicis, 
1561. 

7.  Jacquette,  fool  to  ditto,  1568. 

8.  Mathurine,  court  fool  to  Henri  IV.,  1594. 

9.  Capiton,  fool  to  Don  John  of  Austria,  1661. 
10.  Kathrin  Lise,  fool  to  the  Duchess  von  Sach- 

sen-Weissenfels-Dahme,  1722. 

There  is  also  a  certain  "  Jane  the  Fool,"  who 
occurs  in  Ainsworth's  Tower  of  London,  but  I  am 
not  aware  that  she  is  an  historical  personage. 

A.  J.  M. 

PRINCE  JUSTINIANI.  —  A  few  years  ago  I  saw 
in  the  Vatican  library  at  Rome,  a  very  curious 
and  interesting  small  octavo  volume,  entitled  — 

"  Histoire  des  Anciens  Dues  et  autres  Souverains  de 
1'Archipel,  avec  une  Description  de  1'Isle  de  Chio,  ou  Scio, 
par  Monseigneur  le  Prince  Fra^ois  Rhodocanaki-Justi- 
niani,  fils  da  Seigneur  Demetrius,  1'un  des  Seigneurs  de 
la  dite  Isle,  et  d'Helene  Palseologue,  descendante  des  Em- 
pereurs  de  Constantinople,  &c.,  k  Paris,  1600,  in  8vo." 

Will  any  of  your  numerous  correspondents  and 
readers  kindly  inform  me,  through  "N.  &  Q.," 
if  there  exists  any  other  copy  of  the  above  men- 
tioned history  in  England,  either  in  a  public  or 
private  library,  as  well  as  if  there  is  any  other 
book  in  which  I  can  find  any  literary  notice  of 
it,  or  of  its  author  ?  It  would  greatly  facilitate 
my  researches  regarding  the  state  of  the  Byzantine 
nobility  after  the  conquest  of  Constantinople  by 
the  Turks.  J.  P.  DE  RHODES. 

MEDIEVAL  SEAL.  —  I  have  an  engraving  of  a 
circular  seal,  showing  the  device  of  a  one-masted 
ship  of  the  early  mediaeval  period,  with  a  man 
standing  on  the  poop,  apparently  regarding  some 
object  in  the  wake  of  the  ship.  The  legend  is, 
"  H.  Camera  Regis,  1598."  Query,  has  it  refer- 
ence to  Cambray  ?  M.  D. 

COUNT  DE  MONTALEMBERT. — At  a  public  dinner 
held  lately  at  Inverury,  Aberdeenshire,  it  was 
stated  by  a  speaker  that  M.  De  Montalernbert,  by 
the  mother's  side,  came  of  the  Forbeses  of  Don- 
side,  and  that  his  immediate  ancestor  once  held  the 
property  of  Corsindae,  in  the  parish  of  Medmar,  in 
Aberdeenshire.  As  a  native  of  that  quarter  of  the 
county,  I  am  anxious  for  some  more  particulars 
of  his  pedigree.  SCOTUS. 

"O2IO2  AND  "AnoS.  —  May  I  ask  whether  any 
reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  will  favour  me  with  the 
exact  distinction  in  meaning  between  these  two 
words  ?  They  occur  several  times  in  the  Greek 
Testament,  and  seem  to  be  rendered  indifferently 
by  our  translators  "  holy  "  or  "  saints."  Is  there 
any  probable  definition  of  oaios  ?  Of  ayws  there 
are  two  or  three  suggested  derivations;  but  I 
should  be  glad  to  see  one  more  decisive  than  any 
that  have  yet  been  proposed.  EXSPECTANS. 


454 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '63. 


OPERA  OF  It,  PENSKROSO,  as  it  is  acted  with 
authority  at  the  royal  theatres  (i.  e.  the  schools  of 
Eton  and  Westminster),  satirical  plate,  privately 
printed  :  what  is  the  date,  and  who  is  the  author  ? 

R.  INGLIS. 

QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — 

1.  "  0 !  we  did  not  part  in  sadness ; 

There  were  smiles  upon  thy  brow ; 
But  we  little  dreamed  our  gladness 
Would  be  turned  to  sorrow  now." 

2.  "  Back  to  the  depths  of  Heaven, 

Thou  ray  of  Jehovah's  brow, 

That  but  lit  earth's  depths,  like  the  flashing  levin, 
To  deepen  the  darkness  now." 

3.  "  0 !  were  it  not  for  this  sad  voice, 

Stealing  amid  the  flowers,  to  say 
That  all  in  which  we  most  rejoice 

Ere  night  must  be  the  earthworm's  prey !  " 

4.  "  Like  the  fresh  sweetbriar  and  the  early  May ; 

Like  the  fresh,  cool,  pure  air  of  opening  day; 
Like  the  gay  lark,  sprung  from  the  glittering  dew ; 
An  angel,  yet  a  very  woman  too ! " 

5.  "  When  the  spirit  was  young  and  the  world  was 

new." 

HERMENTRUDE. 

"  Sweet  Western  Wind,  whose  luck  it  is, 

Made  rival  with  the  air, 
To  give  Perenna's  lips  a  kiss, 

And  fan  her  wanton  hair. 
"  Bring  me  but  one,  I'll  promise  thee, 

Instead  of  common  show'rs, 
Thy  wings  shall  be  embalm'd  by  me, 
And  all  beset  with  flow'rs." 

A.  H.  D.  P. 

"  He  died  of  no  distemper, 
But  fell,  like  Autumn  fruit  that  mellowed  long, 
E'en  wondered  at,  because  he  fell  no  sooner. 
He  was  wound  up  to  threescore  years  and  ten, 
And  even  then  ran  on  two  winters  more. 
'Till  like  a  clock,  worn  out  by  eating  time, 
The  wheels  of  weary  life  at  last  stood  still." 

Whose  are  these  lines,  and  where  are  they  to  be 
found?  S.  S.  S. 

SCOTTISH. — On  what  authority  do  our  northern 
neighbours  justify  their  exclusive  use  of  the  word 
Scottish,  and  never  Scotch,  in  an  adjective  sense; 
as  for  instance,  it  is  a  Scottish  practice,  it  is  a 
Scottish  work,  &c.  ?  Whereas  the  termination 
ish  usually  denotes  with  us  an  inclination  towards, 
or  slight  degree  of  a  thing,  as  darkish,  brackish, 
selfish,  and  the  word  Scottish  itself  would  mean 
rather  Scotch.  But  if  we  allow  Scottish  why  not 
Frenchish  also  ?  ANGLUS. 

"  TOM  TIDLER'S  GROUND."  —  Is  this  a  common 
expression  in  Hertfordshire,  as  applied  to  the 
garden  ground  of  a  sluggard,  or  was  it  coined  by 
Dickens  as  a  characteristic  title  for  his  Christmas 
story  for  1861  ?  The  locality  is  well  known  to  be 
near  Hitchin,  and  I  presume  its  real  signification 
to  be  Tom  £  Idler's  Ground.  M.  D. 


WINCHESTER  SCHOOL  :  TO  OLD  WYKEHAMISTS. 
Any  information  not  hitherto  printed  as  to  the 
history  or  traditions  of  Winchester  College  would 
be  thankfully  received  and  duly  acknowledged  if 
forwarded  to  W.  L.  C.,  care  of  Messrs.  Blackwood 
&  Sons,  Publishers,  Paternoster  Row.  Especially, 
as  to  its  condition  during  the  civil  wars ;  the  early 
state  of  "Commoners;"  obsolete  customs;  the 
"Rebellion"  of  1818. 


britl) 

SIR  NICHOLAS  THROCKMORTON.  —  In  reading 
English  or  Scotch  history  of  the  sixteenth  century, 
one  is  surprised  and  disappointed  to  find  so  little 
said  of  the  parentage,  family,  latter  years,  and 
death  of  that  distinguished  statesman  and  am- 
bassador, Sir  Nicholas  Throekmorton,  held  in 
such  repute  both  in  Mary  and  Elizabeth's  courts ; 
and  who,  upon  the  whole,  behaved  so  faithfully 
and  honorably  towards  both  queens,  under  very 
trying  circumstances.  There  can  be  little  doubt 
he  was  of  the  ancient  Worcestershire  [Warwick- 
shire ?]  family  of  Throekmorton  (or  Throkmorton), 
in  which  there  were  afterwards  two  baronetcies — 
one,  that  of  Gloucestershire,  long  extinct  —  but 
that  most  indefatigable  genealogist,  Sir  Bernard 
Burke,  does  not  mention  him  in  his  "  Lineage  "  of 
either  of  those  branches.  See  his  Peerage  and 
Baronetage,  and  his  Extinct  Baronetage,  art. 
"Throekmorton";  and  Sir  Bernard  is  generally 
glad  to  introduce  eminent  men  into  his  catalogues, 
and  say  something  of  them,  though  not  in  the 
direct  line  of  ancestry  of  families,  so  we  may  pre- 
sume he  has  come  across  no  roll  including  Sir 
Nicholas,  or  his  brother  John,  executed  in  1554  as 
concerned  in  the  Suffolk  conspiracy  (when  Sir 
Nicholas  also  had  a  narrow  escape.)  In  all  proba- 
bility they  were  in  the  line  of  the  present  Throek- 
morton family,  of  Congleton,  Warwickshire,  and 
younger  sons  very  likely  of  Sir  George  Throek- 
morton (temp.  Hen.  VIII.)  ;  for  his  wife's  father, 
Lord  Vaux,  was  a  Nicholas.  The  present  young 
baronet,  also,  it  appears,  is  named  Nicholas  Wil- 
liam. It  is  odd,  however,  that  the  public  records 
of  the  family  should  be  deficient  of  a  name  of 
such  celebrity  and  honour  in  his  day  as  was  that 
of  Sir  Nicholas  Throgmorton.  Neither  in  Hume 
or  Robertson  can  we  trace  him  lower  down  than 
to  1569,  when  he  was  involved  (with  so  many 
other  eminent  and  patriotic  individuals)  in  what 
was  called  the  Norfolk  intrigue,  but  only  suf- 
fered some  imprisonment.  Could  any  of  your 
readers  communicate  some  reliable  particulars  of 
his  death,  age,  &c.  ?  In  1569  he  could  not  have 
been  much  over  40,  but  probably  did  not  long 
survive  that  year.  THEOBALD  SMID. 

Wotton-under-Edge. 

P.S.  The    Francis    Throgmorton,    a   Cheshire 
gentleman,    condemned  and   executed  in   1584, 


S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


455 


must  have  been  of  the  same  family,  but  not  a 
near  relative,  or  historians  would  have  mentioned 
it.  Sir  Nicholas  appears  to  have  embraced  the 
reformed  doctrines,  in  which  the  Congleton  branch 
do  not  follow  him.  He  was  far,  however,  from 
being  a  bigoted  enemy  of  the  Catholics. 

[A  good  life  of  Sir  Nicholas  Throckmorton  is  a  deside- 
ratum, and  would  make  an  excellent  subject  of  historical 
biography.  With  the  exception  of  a  short  note  in  Dr. 
Towers's  British  Biography,  iii.  20,  we  do  not  think  that 
any  particulars  of  him  are  to  be  found  in  any  of  our 
standard  Biographical  Dictionaries.  The  leading  and 
stirring  events  of  his  bustling  life  are  ably  sketched  by  a 
writer  in  the  Penny  Cyclopaedia,  xxiv.  403,  and  form  a 
faithful  picture  of  what  Shakspeare  calls  — 

"  The  art  o'  the  court, 

As  hard  to  leave  as  keep,  whose  top  to  climb 
Is  certain  falling,  or  so  slippery,  that 
The  fear's  as  bad  as  falling." 

Cymbeline,  Act  III.  Sc.  3. 

Materials  for  an  extended  biography  of  Sir  Nicholas 
Throckmorton  are  sufficiently  abundant;  but  they  will 
be  found  dispersed  through  a  variety  of  unconnected 
departments  of  literature.  First,  for  printed  books: 
Strype's  Annals  and  Memorials,  passim;  Lloyd's  State 
Wort/ties,  i.  429-432 ;  Observations  and  Remarks  on  the 
Lives  and  Reigns  of  Henry  VIII.,  Edward  VI,  Mary, 
Elizabeth,  &c.  with  Characters  of  their  Favourites,  pp. 
275,  276 ;  Guthrie's  History  of  England,  iii.  205,  347 ; 
Pictorial  History  of  England ;  and  Thomas's  Historical 
Notes,  i.  469.  A  report  of  the  trial  of  Sir  Nicholas  for 
being  concerned  in  the  rebellion  of  Sir  Thomas  Wyatt, 
taken  from  Holinshed,  is  given  in  The  Library  of  Enter- 
taining Knowledge,  Criminal  Trials.  His  correspondence 
with  his  own  government  during  his  residence  at  the 
French  Court,  A.D.  1559 — 1563,  will  be  found  in  Dr. 
Patrick  Forbes's  Full  View  of  the  Public  Transactions  in 
the  Reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  2  vols.  fol.  1740-1,  and 
others  in  the  Hardwiche  State  Papers,  1778,  vol.  i.  pp.  121- 
162.  Francis  Peck,  in  his  work  entitled  New  Memoirs 
of  the  Life  and  Poetical  Works  of  John  Milton,  4tO,  1740, 
has  printed  the  following  tract  with  some  curious  illus- 
trative notes :  "  The  Legend  of  Sir  Nicholas  Throckmor- 
ton, Kt.,  Chief  Butler  of  England,  and  Chamberlain  of 
the  Exchequer,  who  died  of  poison,  A.D.  1570 :  an  His- 
torical Poem,  by  his  nephew,  Sir  Thomas  Throekmorton 
of  Littleton  in  com.  Warwick,  Kt." 

To  obtain,  however,  a  correct  estimate  of  Sir  Nicholas's 
diplomatic  skill  and  management  of  the  affairs  of  state, 
recourse  must  be  had  to  the  mass  of  his  papers  now  in 
the  State  Paper  Office,  a  portion  of  which  has  already 
been  indexed  by  Mr.  Lemon  (Calendar  of  State  Papers, 
Domestic  Series,  1547-1580.)  Others  will  be  found  in 
the  British  Museum  among  the  Cottonian,  Harleian, 
Lansdowne,  and  Additional  Manuscripts. 

The  fate  of  a  large  portion  of  the  Throckmorton  papers, 
formerly  in  the  possession  of  Sir  Henry  Wotton,  is  some- 
what curious.  In  the  Sloane  MS.  4106,  vol.  i.  art.  3,  is 
the  following  memorandum,  entitled  "  An  Account  of  the 
Recovery  of  Sir  Nicholas  Throgmorton's  Papers  by  Nich. 
Harding,"  which  states  that  "  Mr.  Mansfield,  formerly  a 
grocer  in  Windsor,  was  executor  to  Mr.  Hales  of  Eton 
College.  Mr.  Mansfield  died  at  his  house  at  Eton.  His 
effects  being  sold  after  his  death,  several  books  and  MSS. 
(which  appeared  to  have  belonged  to  Mr.  Hales)  were 
purchased  by  some  learned  persons  of  Eton  College,  and 
particularly  by  Dr.  Evans,  fellow  of  the  College.  Throck- 
morton's  letters  were  part  of  the  MSS.  so  purchased. 
Mr.  Hardinge,  Clerk  of  the  House  of  Commons,  who  had 


seen  the  MS.  letters  of  Throckmorton's  in  Dr.  Evans's 
custody,  obtained  them  of  his  executors  with  a  design  to 
preserve  them  in  the  Paper  Office,  in  compliance  with  Sir 
Henry  Wotton's  will,  who  left  all  Sir  Nic.  Throckmorton'a 
letters  and  other  papers  of  state  to  King  Charles  I." 

These  papers,  however,  instead  of  being  deposited  in 
the  State  Paper  Office,  found  their  way  into  Lord  Hert- 
ford's library  at  his  seat  in  Warwickshire,  where  they 
were  inspected  by  Horace  Walpole  in  the  year  1758. 
About  1824,  the  third  Marquis  of  Hertford  requested  the 
late  John  Wilson  Croker,  Esq.  to  examine  them,  who  had 
the  great  mass  of  them  stamped  with  the  words  "  Conway 
Papers."  As  the  examination  proceeded,  Mr.  Croker  was 
surprised  in  finding  so  many  papers  with  which  the  Lords 
Conway  could  have  had  no  concern,  but  which  had  evi- 
dently belonged  to  the  earlier  days  of  Sir  Nicholas  Throck- 
morton. The  will  of  Sir  Henry  Wotton  came  to  his  recol- 
lection, where  he  found  that  these  papers  were  destined  by 
the  express  bequest  of  Sir  Henry  for  the  State  Paper  Office, 
to  the  officials  of  which  they  were  handed  over  the  day 
before  Mr.  Croker  closed  his  active  life.] 

CONSECRATION  OP  CHURCHES. — When  a  church 
is  rebuilt,  is  it  either  requisite  or  usual  that  the 
new  building  should  be  consecrated  ? 

When  St.  Paul's  Cathedral  was  opened  for 
divine  service  in  1697,  what  was  the  ceremony 
observed  ?  And  how  far  was  such  ceremony  in 
accordance  with  ecclesiastical  usage  ?  MELETES. 

[Thomas  Lewis,  in  his  valuable  work,  An  Historical 
Essay  upon  the  Consecration  of  Churches,  8vo,  1719,  pp. 
131-3,  has  collected  some  of  the  authorities  the  Canon 
Law  affords  for  the  Reconsecration  of  Churches  from  an 
author  whose  authority  has  always  been  acknowledged 
on  these  matters,  namely,  Gratiani  Decreta,  De  Conse- 
cratione,  dist.  i. 

"  Churches  or  altars,  whose  consecrations  are  uncer- 
tain, ought  to  be  consecrated  without  dispute. 

"  A  church  built  upon  the  ground  where  an  old  one 
stood  is  not  to  be  esteemed  the  same  church,  but  must  be 
consecrated,  as  if  there  never  had  been  a  church  in  that 
place. 

"  If  the  walls  are  rebuilt  from  the  foundation,  the 
church  ought  to  be  consecrated  again. 

"  If  the  altar  be  broken  down  or  removed,  the  church 
is  to  be  new  consecrated. 

"  If  the  fabrick  of  a  church  becomes  wholly  ruinous, 
and  is  rebuilt  from  the  foundation,  it  ought  to  be  re- 
consecrated; but  if  the  walls  by  degrees  decay,  and  are 
gradually  repaired,  it  ought  not.  Or  if  a  church  be  en- 
larged either  in  length,  breadth,  or  height,  it  ought  not 
to  be  reconsecrated ;  because,  as  the  Canonists  express 
it,  '  sacrum  trahit  ad  se  non  sacrum,'  that  part  that  is 
already  holy  sanctifies  whatever  is  annexed  to  it. 

"  Churches  that  have  been  once  consecrated  to  God 
ought  never  to  be  reconsecrated,  unless  they  have  de- 
cayed, or  been  consumed  by  fire,  or  been  desecrated  by 
the  spilling  of  blood,  or  by  the  commission  of  fornication 
or  adultery ;  because,  as  an  infant  that  has  been  once 
baptized  in  the  name  of  the  Father,  and  of  the  Son,  and 
of  the  Holy  Ghost,  ought  never  to  be  rebaptized ;  so  a 
church  once  dedicated  to  God  should  never  be  again  con- 
secrated, provided  always  that  the  persons  officiating  at 
the  consecration  professed  their  belief  in  the  Holy 
Trinity. 

"  The  Churches  of  the  Arians,  where,  the  doctrine  o 
the  Trinity  has  been  undermined  and  exploded,  ought  to 
be  reconsecrated  wherever  they  are  found." 

The  references  to  the  Canons  quoted  by  Lewis  are 
given  in  the  original  by  Chancellor  Harington  in  The 


456 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3">  S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '63. 


Object,   Importance,  and  Antiquity  of  the  Rite  of  Conse- 
cration of  Churches,  Lond.  8vo,  1844. 

The  choir  of  the  new  structure  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral 
was  opened  on  Dec.  2,  1697,  being  the  Thanksgiving 
day  for  the  Peace  on  the  treaty  of  Ryswick,  on  which  oc- 
casion a  prayer  was  simply  added,  by  the  King's  direc- 
tion, to  The  Form  appointed  for  the  day,  and  used  in  the 
Communion  Service.  Dugdale's  St.  Paul's,  edit.  1818, 
p.  172.] 

CANTOVA. — A  Jesuit  named  Cantova  once  wrote 
an  account  of  the  Carolinians.  This  is  all  I  am 
able,  after  searching  a  good  many  biographical 
dictionaries,  to  find  about  him.  Will  some  one 
tell  me  who  he  was,  when  he  lived,  and  what  he 
wrote  ?  MATHEMATICUS. 

[His  name  occurs  in  the  Nouvelle  Biographic  Generate, 
viii.  532  :  "  Jean-Antoine  Cantova,  missionnaire  et  the'- 
ologien  italien,  de  1'ordre  des  Jesuites,  natif  de  Milan, 
vivait  dans  la  premiere  moitie  du  dixhuitieme  siecle.  II  se 
rendit  en  1717  comme  missionnaire  d'abord  en  Mexique, 
ensuite  aux  Philippines  et  aux  Carolines.  C'estdans  une 
des  iles  de  ce  dernier  groupe  qu'il  fut  assassine.  On  a 
de  lui :  Vita  et  mors  Alosii  Cantovee,  canon.  S.  Stephani 
majoris.  Milan,  1717."] 

GOVERNORS  OF  GUERNSEY. — Will  jou  be  kind 
enough  to  give  the  names  of  the  governors  of 
Guernsey  during  the  reign  of  Elizabeth  ? 

INQUISITUS. 

[The  following  names  are  given  in  Berry's  History  of 
Guernsey,  edit.  1815,  p.  214:  — 

"  1553.  Sir  Leonard  Chamberlain  1  T  .   ,  ^ 
1555.  Francis  Chamberlain          j  Jomt  Governors. 
1570.  Sir  Thomas  Leighton. 

Lord  Zouche. 

1580.  Thomas   Wigmore,  Lieut.-Gov.    and   Bailiff, 
1581.] 


(3rd  S.  iv.  395.) 

In  reply  to  ABHBA'S  Query,  as  to  the  best  works 
upon  this  subject,  I  think  there  is  no  work  pub- 
lished treating  exclusively  upon  this  matter,  and 
except  he  takes  the  trouble  to  abstract  for  himself 
portions  of  old  books  and  papers,  collect  notes, 
&c.  to  some  score  of  antiquarian  works,  OB  in- 
terest in  his  favour,  as  correspondent,  some 
savan  of  the  Irish  societies  or  some  learned  law- 
yer, he  must  be  content  with  but  meagre  results. 

For  my  part,  I  am  myself  a  student  in  this 
matter,  and  for  better  registering  my  collected 
memoranda,  I  have  divided  all  the  tenures  of 
land  in  Ireland  into  three  classes— 1.  Those  abori- 
ginal titles,  so  to  say,  which  were  in  vogue  until 
the  conquest  of  Ireland ;  2.  The  transitionary 
tenures ;  and,  3.  The  systems  of  holding  common 
in  our  own  day. 

References  to  the  first  systems  are  found  scat- 
tered over  every  History  of  Ireland — amongst 
others,  in  Camden,  Keating,  &c.  ;  and  of  late 


days,  especially  in  Haverty  and  others.  There 
are  many  differences,  however,  in  the  various 
statements,  but  all  agree  in  their  descriptions  of  the 
Brehon  laws.  In  these  ancient  times,  as  ABHBA 
knows,  the  leaders  of  the  septs  alone  held  land, 
passing,  not  from  father  to  son,  but  to  the  best 
qualified  to  defend  it.  This  of  course  was  tanistry. 
The  knotty  point  is,  whether  what  we  know  as  true 
gavel-kind  was  common  in  Ireland.  Dr.  Millar 
thinks  not,  because,  though  the  inferior  tenants 
of  the  chief  generally  held  their  lands  only  at  will, 
still  they  were  allowed  to  remain  in  possession 
during  life,  when  the  estates  passed  entirely  from 
them,  and  a  new  distribution  took  place.  There 
are  two  or  three  pages  on  this  head  in  Gordon's 
History  of  Ireland,  and  in  Haverty's  History,  &c. 
By  the  second  class  of  tenure,  I  allude  more 
particularly  to  the  parcelling  out  of  the  country 
to  the  English  nobles  by  Henry  II.,  and  the 
almost  nondescript  titles  to  land  which  were  com- 
mon until,  at  all  events,  the  reign  of  James  I., 
when  the  Commission  of  Grace  was  issued,  by 
which  the  Irish  lords  and  septs,  by  giving  up  their 
claims  by  the  ancient  Irish  titles  to  their  lands 
and  estates,  were  confirmed  in  the  possession  of 
the  same  by  the  English  governors.  A  history  of 
the  above,  interspersed  with  many  valuable  re- 
ferences on  the  ancient  tenures  of  Irish  lands, 
will  be  found  in  Davies's  Historical  Relations,  in 
Millar's  Historical  View  of  the  English  Govern- 
ment, in  Howard's  Treatise  on  the  Revenue,  fyc.,  of 
Ireland,  in  Leland's  History  of  Ireland,  and  in 
Wakefield's  Statistical  Ireland,  &c.  &c. 

By  the  third  kinds  of  tenure,  I  mean  those  now 
in  ordinary  use,  especially  the  systems  adopted 
towards  their  successive  tenants  by  the  heirs  of 
the  original  holders  of  the  king  in  capite,  by  knighfs 
service,  and  in  soccage ;  also  the  different  kinds  of 
leases  now  common,  and  above  all  by  the  tenancy 
at  will;  which  last  tenure,  if  tenure  it  can  be 
called,  De  Raumer,  a  German  writer  on  Ireland, 
declares  to  be  far  inferior  to  that  of  the  lowest 
serfs.  The  best  chapters  on  present  occupancies 
are  to  be  found  in  French  authors  ;  for  instance, 
in  De  Lavergne's  Essai  sur  I  Economic  rurale  de 
I'lrelande,  Sfc. ;  in  Perraud's  E'tudes  sur  Ylrlande 
contemporaine,  1862;  in  De  Hauranne's  Lettres  sur 
Ulrlande ;  in  Regnault's  VIrlande  ,•  in  De  Beau- 
mont's ISIrlande,  and  a  host  of  others. 

I  do  not  know  if  this  will  serve  ABHBA'S  pur- 
pose ;  but,  in  conclusion,  beg  to  say  that,  the  Blue 
Books  excepted,  there  are  more  modern  works  in 
French  upon  Ireland  than  English  ones.  And  I 
do  not  hesitate  to  say  also  that  if  England's  pro- 
phesied complications  do  arrive,  and  Ireland  be- 
comes our  Poland,  we  shall  have  to  read  up  very 
many  of  these  books  to  see  clearly  what  it  is 
that  Ireland  complains  of,  and  what  will  pacify 
her.  W.  EASSIE. 

High  Orchard  House,  Gloucester. 


3"«  S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


457 


MUTILATION   OF    SEPULCHRAL  MONUMENTS. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  286,  363.) 

Methinks  that  VEBNA  has  "  put  his  foot  in  it." 
XP.  records  an  instance  where  some  inscribed 
slabs,  particularising  certain  memorials  relating 
to  the  Joscelyn  family,  and  ranging  in  date  from 
1699  to  1732,  have  been  buried  under  a  com- 
paratively recent  pavement  of  tiles.  XP.  cha- 
racterises the  act  in  strong  terms.  Were  he  a 
Joscelyn,  or  a  descendant  of  those  whose  memo- 
rials have  thus  been  obliterated,  feeling  injured 
that  a  wrong  had  been  done  both  to  his  ancestors 
and  to  himself,  he  would  probably  have  expressed 
himself  somewhat  like  what  he  has  done.  Not 
being  a  Joscelyn,  he  has  no  motive  for  doing  so, 
except  to  declare  his  abhorrence  of  what  he  con- 
siders as  an  unfair  act  to  the  dead,  and  an  equally 
unfair  act  to  the  absent  representatives  of  those 
dead.  Has  VEBNA  ever  erected  a  monument  in 
a  church,  or  placed  an  inscribed  slab  in  a  chancel, 
to  honour  or  perpetuate  the  memory  of  some  de- 
parted ancestor  or  relative  ?  To  say  he  values 
that  memorial  because  he  has  paid  so  much  money 
for  it,  is  to  say  nothing.  Strong  as  this  claim  to 
the  memorial  may  be,  there  are  feelings  of  afar 
higher  nature  involved  in  the  interest  we  feel  in 
the  careful  preservation  of  records  of  this  sort. 
But  we  are  informed  that  a  board  has  been  fixed 
to  the  wall,  which  declares  that,  "  Beneath  the 
flooring  of  this  chancel  lie  some  monumental  slabs, 
with  inscriptions  on  them,  of  which  the  following 
are  copies."  Would  not  the  original  inscriptions 
be  better  than  copies  of  them  placed  upon  a 
perishable  board  ?  How  long  will  a  paltry  board 
last  ?  In  a  few  years  it  will  be  looked  upon  as  an 
eyesore,  and  will  be  taken  down ;  or,  if  not,  Time 
will  work  its  destruction  long  before  he  can  make 
an  impression  upon  the  stones.  There  is  no  per- 
manency in  this  arrangement.  Yet  VEBNA  un- 
dertakes to  defend  it.  He  argues  that  the  tiles 
with  which  the  slabs  are  overlaid,  "  are  more 
suited  to  the  sacred  character  of  the  spot  than 
memorials  sacred  only  to  man."  Why,  if  there 
were  any  validity  in  such  an  argument,  it  would 
justify  the  covering  over  with  tiles,  any  or  all  the 
memorials  in  Westminster  Abbey.  Besides,  are 
tiles  more  sacred  than  stones  ?  Some  years  ago  a 
quantity  of  tile  flooring  in  Lichfield  Cathedral 
was  taken  up  to  be  replaced  by  stones.  This 
alteration  did  not  raise  any  comments  as  to  unfit- 
ness.  Such  principles  as  are  here  advocated, 
under  the  misapplied  term  "  restoration,"  are 
doing  both  ourselves  and  our  venerable,  and  here- 
tofore venerated  temples,  incalculable  mischief. 
Those  inscriptions  might  prove  to  be  valuable 
title-deeds  to  some  one  some  day ;  but  buried, 
concealed,  and  inaccessible  as  they  are,  those  who 
might  benefit  by  the  evidence  are  now  robbed  of 
it.  In  some  Faculties  granted  for  permission  to 


"  restore"  or  rebuild  churches,  there  is  generally 
a  clause  inserted,  which  strictly  enjoins  the  pre- 
servation of  all  memorials  of  the  dead,  and  es- 
pecially of  all  inscriptions.  It  is  true,  these  in- 
scriptions are  not  destroyed ;  they  are  preserved 
rather  too  closely ;  but  for  all  practical  purposes 
they  are  utterly  useless,  and  but  for  XP.  would 
soon  have  been  forgotten.  P.  HUTCHINSON. 


I  do  not  think  that  even  antiquaries  have  much 
reason  for  complaint  in  the  case  of  church  restora- 
tions Avhen  the  tombstones,  unless  of  an  early  or 
particularly  interesting  character,  remain  in  situ, 
and  the  names,  titles,  and  dates  of  the  persons 
commemorated  are  inscribed  in  tiles.  This  is  at 
any  rate  far  better  than  as  has  been  done  at 
Minster  Church,  for  instance,  where  the  slabs,  all 
but  one  of  recent  date,  have  been  cleared  clean 
away  out  of  the  church  —  some  certainly  of  in- 
terest in  a  genealogical  point  of  view.  When  we 
last  saw  them  they  were  outside  the  church,  some 
promise,  as  we  understood,  having  been  given 
that  they  should  be  carefully  re-erected  outside. 
Considerable  delay,  however,  has  occurred  even 
in  performing  this  poor  compromise.  Has  it  been 
done  now  ?  There  is,  however,  a  very  common 
sort  of  destruction,  far  more  lamentable  than  that 
of  which  we  are  now  speaking.  I  mean  that  of  works 
of  art,  such  as  carvings  in  stone,  or  wood,  semi- 
defaced  paintings,  ancient  incised  stones,  which 
would  interfere  with  the  nice  freshness  of  a  re- 
stored church.  This  rage  for  making  all  our 
churches  as  like  as  two  peas,  and  as  tame  to  boot, 
cannot  be  too  much  lamented,  nor  sufficiently 
reprobated.  This  remark  applies  quite  as  much 
to  foreign  restorations,  as  to  what  has  been  done 
in  this  country.  Nothing,  however,  has  in  this 
way  equalled  the  reckless  and  shameless  Vandalism 
which  has  been  committed  at  the  so-called  re- 
storation of  Hexham  Abbey,  disgraceful  alike  to 
all  concerned  in  it.  J.  C.  J. 


MAJOR  CKEWE  (3rd  S.  iv.  247.)  —Your  corre- 
spondent A.,  desires  to  find  a  memoir  of  Major 
Crewe.  I  may  premise  my  remarks  by  stating  I 
believe  he  was  only  a  lieutenant  in  the  English 
army  ;  but  sixty  or  seventy  years  ago  it  was  cus- 
tomary, out  of  courtesy,  to  give  a  person  in  the 
army  a  title  of  higher  rank  than  he  was  actually 
entitled  to,  and  many  assumed  as  a  nom  de  guerre 
the  titles  of  captain,  major,  &c.,  while  only  subal- 
terns. There  may  be  found  some  curious  parti- 
culars of  the  gentleman  in  question  in  an  Auto- 
biographical Memoir  of  Sir  John  Sarroiv,  Sort., 
late  of  the  Admiralty,  8vo,  Lend.  1847.  Pie  ap- 
pears to  have  been  an  attache,  at  p.  46,  to  Sir  G-. 
Staunton's  embassy  to  China,  and  at  pp.  51  and 
52,  we  have  his  history  and  character  :  — 


458 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


[3**  S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '63. 


"  Mr.  Crewe,  a  young  gentleman  hanging  loose  on 
society  and  a  frequenter  of  the  gaming-table,  was  the  son 
of  the  celebrated  wit  and  beauty  of  her  day  —  so  beautiful, 
indeed,  that  Madame  D'Arblay  says,  'she  uglifies  every 
thing  near  her.'  Admired  by  George  Prince  of  Wales, 
and  adored  by  Charles  Fox,  she  became  the  standing 
toast  of  the  Whigs,  was  consecrated  as  their  patroness  by 
the  Prince  of  Wales,  who,  on  some  great  occasion,  gave 
as  a  toast  — 

'  Buff  and  Blue, 
And  Mrs.  Crewe.' 

Mrs.  Crewe  was  also  a  great  favourite  of  Lord  Macartney  ; 
and  she  being  most  desirous  of  removing  her  son  out  of 
the  temptations  of  London,  earnestly  entreated  his  lord- 
ship to  take  him  to  China.  '  The  only  condition,'  said  his 
lordship,  '  on  which  I  can  possibly  allow  him  to  go  is  a  most 
solemn  pledge,  on  his  honour,  that  he  will  not  touch 
either  cards,  or  dice,  or  other  instruments  of  gambling, 
either  on  board  ship  or  at  any  place  where  we  may  stop.' 
He  gave  the  pledge  and  broke  it  —  lost  to  one  of  the  lieu- 
tenants of  the'  Lion,'  it  was  said,  some  thousand  pounds,  not 
any  part  of  which  could  he  pay  ;  and  it  was  also  said  he 
had  compounded  the  debt  for  an  annuity  of  as  many  hun- 
dred pounds  as  he  had  lost  thousands.  "  My  cabin  on  the 
passage  home  was  on  the  lower  deck,  and  scarcely  a 
night  passed  in  which  I  was  not  disturbed  by  the  rattling 
of  dice,  or  by  Mr.  Crewe's  scraping  on  the  bass-viol.  He 
was  a  most  .gentlemanly  good-natured  young  man,  and 
was  urged  on  by  an  old  Scotch  lieutenant,  who  ought  to 
have  known  better.  Mr.  Crewe  succeeded  his  father,  who 
had  been  created  a  baron  in  1812  [18061,  and  died  in 
1835." 

I  think  the  above  may  be  satisfactory  in  reply 
to  A.  from  AN  OCCASIONAL  CORRESPONDENT. 

SETTLE'S  "  EDSEBIA  TKIUMPHANS  "  (3rd  S.  iv. 
394.)—  The  arms  upon  this  book  are,  no  doubt, 
those  of  Stanhope,  quarterly  ermine  and  gules, 
and  it  was  probably  bound  for  presentation  to 
General  Stanhope,  who  became  one  of  the  prin- 
cipal Secretaries  of  State  on  the  accession  of 
George  I.  ;  and  was  created  Viscount  Stanhope 
of  Mahon,  in  the  island  of  Minorca,  in  1717  :  the 
lineal  ancestor  of  our  noble  President  at  the 
Society  of  Antiquaries. 

J.  G.  N. 

SlGABEN  AND  THE  MANICH-51.  AN  S  (3rd  S.  iv./163, 

279.)  —  I  have  the  pleasure  of  verifying  Arch- 
deacon Cotton's  suggestion  that  by  "  Sigaben  "  is 
meant  Euthymius  Zigabenus,  whose  Victoria  et 
Triuntphus  and  Formula  recipiendi  eorum)  qui 
Manichceorum  et  Paulicianorum  haresi  ad  puram  et 
veram  nosiram  fidem  Christianorum  convertuntur, 
were  printed  by  Tollius  in  his  Insignia  Itinerant 
Italwi,  Traj.  ad  Rhen.  4to,  1696.  Of  the  latter 
work  only  a  fragment  remains,  which  begins 
thus  :  — 


es  v'Xrjs  rffs  ^rjSeTrw  outnjs,  /u^re  $vpff£v  Kal 
vevpcav,  Kal  ff<a/jidTiav,  Kal  iftpdnoiv,  T<av  •jrovijpwi'  ap^uVTOw 
ovs  o  MapTj?  avftr  \aaev"  p.  126. 

A  note  of  Tollius,  though  not  necessary  to  this 
reply,  is  perhaps  curious  enough  for  reprinting, 
as  his  book  is  not  common  :  — 


"  Twf  Xpiffriavaji'~\  Id  est  Catholicorum.  Nam  hi  soli 
Christiani.  Unaque  est  Ecclesia  Christiana  Catholica. 
Nee  aliter  etiam  nunc  Itali  Catholicos  nisi  Christianorum 
vocabulo  designant.  Revocat  ea  vox  mihi  in  memoriam 
quod  mihi  super  ea  re  in  Italia  altero  itinere  evenit.  Nar- 
rabam  Abbati  cuidam,  rogatum  me  Montispeli  a  decurione 
militari,  quum  illic  Biblia  a  Majore  arcis  utenda  peterem, 
illeque  summopere  eapropter  mihi  irasceretur,  'Num 
Biblia  liber  haereticus  esset?'  caussas  id  conjectans,  cur 
ita  graviter  Major  mihi  offensus  fuisset.  Hie  bonus 
Abbas,  nihilo  militari  homine  eruditior,  '  Signor  mio,' 
qusesivit,  'laBibbia,  e  questo  uu  libro  christiano ? '"  — 
P.  130. 

H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  Club. 

"ROBERT  ROBINSON"  AND  "  COUSIN  PHILLIS." — 
There  are  some  curious  coincidences  between 
PROI-.  DE  MORGAN'S  interesting  article  on  "  Ro- 
bert Robinson"  (3ra  S.  iv.  340),  and  a  story  called 
"  Cousin  Phillis,"  in  the  November  number  of 
the  Cornhill  Magazine,  e.  g. :  — 

" '  Your  father  up  at  three !  Why,  what  has  he  to  do 
at  that  hour? ' 

'  What  has  he  not  to  do?  He  has  his  private  exer- 
cise in  his  own  room;  he  always  rings  the  great  bell, 
which  calls  the  men  to  milking,  &c.  .  .  .  He  has  often  to 
whip-cord  the  plough-whips ;  he  sees  the  hogs  fed ;  he 
looks  into  the  swill-tubs,'  &c." — Cornhill,  p.  627. 

It  is  perfectly  obvious  that  these  details  are 
taken  from  Robinson's  letter  to  Henry  Keane, 
Esq.  :  — 

"  Rose  at  three  o'clock,  &c.  .  .  Rang  the  great  bell,  and 
roused  the  girls  to  milking  .  .  .  Whip-corded  the  boys' 
plough-whips ;  saw  the  hogs  fed ;  examined  the  swill- 
tubs,"  &c. 

But  the  question  is,  whether  the  resuscitation 
of  this  dissenting  Parson  Trulliber  from  a  pretty 
general  oblivion  has  been  brought  about  by  a 
singular  coincidence,  without  any  communication 
between  his  two  revivers  ?  C.  W.  BINGHAM. 

HUGH  STUART  BOTD  (2nd  S.  vii.  284,  523.)— 
This  celebrated  Greek  scholar  was  born  at  Edge- 
ware,  Middlesex,  and  admitted  a  pensioner  of 
Pembroke  Hall,  July  24,  1799,  being  matriculated 
Dec.  17,  1800.  He  left  the  University  without  a 
degree.  His  death  occurred  at  Kentish  Town, 
May  10,  1848,  aged  67. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

MATTHEW  BRETTINGHAM  (2nd  S.  vi.  245,  246.) 
Matthew  Brettingham,  architect,  died  August  19, 
1 769,  aged  70,  and  was  buried  at  St.  Augustine's, 
Norwich,  where  is  a  monument  commemorating 
him,  erected  by  his  son  of  the  same  name,  who 
died  March  18,  1803,  aged  78,  and  who  also  lies 
there  interred.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

PASCHA'S  PILGRIMAGE  TO  PALESTINE  (3rd  S.  i. 
12.) — Jean  van  Paesschen,  Joannes  Paschasius, 
Pascha  or  Pasqua,  is  mentioned  by  Valerius  An- 


S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


450 


dreas,  Foppens,  and  especially  by  Paquot,  who 
takes  special  notice  of  the  Spiritual  Pilgrimage, 
whereof  several,  though  defective  manuscript 
copies  were  in  existence,  before  Calentijn  pro- 
cured the  accurate  edition.  Pascha,  however, 
never  visited  the  Holy  Land,  neither  does  he 
attempt  a  description  of  that  country ;  his  work 
is  a  pious  treatise,  in  which  the  writer  dwells 
upon  the  spiritual  panoply  of  his  pilgrim,  who, 
not  being  able  bodily  to  journey  to  Jerusalem, 
still  wants  to  guide  his  steps  to  Zion  in  spirit. 
—  V.  D.  N.  in  the  Navorscher,  vol.  xii.  (2nd  S. 
vol.  ii.)  p.  144.  JOHN  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 

MICHAEL  JOHNSON  OF  LICHFIELD  (3rd  S.  iv. 
388.) — The  following  is  a  very  trifling  correction 
of  one  of  MR.  BATES'S  entries,  but  I  send  it 
because  accuracy,  even  in  small  matters,  is  always 
acceptable  to  "  N.  &  Q."  I  have  before  me  a 
copy  of  Floyer's  work, — The  Preternatural  State 
of  Animal  Humours  Described,  &c.  The  imprint 
is  as  follows  :  — 

"  London :  Printed  by  W.  Downing  for  Michael  John- 
son, and  are  to  be  sold  by  Robert  Clavel,  Sam.  Smith, 
and  Benjamin  Walford,  in  St.  Paul's  Church  Yard. 
1696." 

The  volume  is  not  a  4to,  but  a  small  8vo.  Sir 
John  Floyer  practised  at  Lichfield,  and  his  Pre- 
face is  dated  from  that  city. 

While  on  the  subject  of  Michael  Johnson,  I 
may  suggest,  as  worthy  of  record  in  "  N.  &  Q.," 
a  recent  discovery  in  his  family  history,  due  to 
the  industry  of  Mr.  Hannett,  as  noticed  in  his 
Forest  of  Arden,  &c.  lately  published.  Both 
the  place  and  date  of  Michael's  marriage  had  re- 
mained unknown  until  Mr.  Hannett  searched  the 
parish  register  of  Packwood,  near  Henley-in- 
Arden,  where  he  found  the  following  entry  :  — 
"  1706.  Michell  Johnsones  of  Lichfield  and  Sarah 
Ford,  maried  June  ye  19th."  JAYDEE. 

MAPS  (3rd  S.  iv.  417.)  —  I  always  understood 
"  Maps  "  was  the  porter  to  Nicholson  the  book- 
seller. In  an  old  book  bearing  the  label  which 
showed  it  had  belonged  to  Nicholson's  library,  I 
met  with  the  following  lines  :  — 

"  Vendit,  emit,  mutat,  libros  et  colligit  omnes, 
In  Cantabrigia  Mappesianus  homo." 

J.  H.  L. 

PISCINAE  NEAR  ROODLOFTS  (3rd  S.  iv.  362.) — I, 
at  all  events,  have  not  had  far  to  search  for  an 
instance  of  an  altar  being  placed  in  the  rood-loft, 
which  your  correspondent  "  R.  M."  professes  to 
think  a  very  improbable  position. 

In  an  inventory  of  the  possessions  of  the  (ca- 
thedral) church  of  Peterborough,  taken  Nov.  30, 
1539,  occurs  the  following,  among  many  other 
curious  items  :  — 

"  In  the  Rood  Loft :  one  Table  upon  the  altar ;  eighteen 
images,  well  gilt;  one  desk  of  wood;  two  orfers;  one 
front  of  painted  cloth." 


I  copy  from  a  guide-book,  and  believe  the  in- 
ventory is  given  by  Gunton. 

If  the  piscinae  were  inserted  for  images,  would 
they  not  have  been  placed,  by  preference,  on  the 
north  side,  or  dexter  of  the  altar,  wherever  it 
was  ?  The  fact  of  their  being  insertions  is  clearly 
accounted  for  by  the  rood-lofts  themselves  being 
later  erections.  PETERBURGIENSIS. 

ALLEGORICAL  PAINTING  (3rd  S.  iv.  393.)  —  The 
painting  about  which  MR.  MACLEAN  inquires  is 
no  doubt  an  allegorical  representation  of  the 
vanity  of  human  life,  and  the  things  of  this  world. 
The  emptiness  of  riches,  beautifully  shown  in  the 
lady,  who  also  symbolises  the  world  probably. 
There  is  the  winged  hour-glass,  to  tell  of  time 
flying  away ;  the  flowers  telling  the  same  story. 
We  have  also  the  vanity  of  riches  and  greatness 
in  the  crown  trodden  underfoot,  the  money  fall- 
ing ;  the  candle  signifies  life,  which  may  easily 
be  extinguished;  and,  lastly,  the  cards,  musical 
instruments,  and  the  like,  show  how  vain  are  man's 
sports  and  amusements. 

I  have  in  my  own  possession  a  very  well  painted 
and  curious  painting,  by  D.  Teniers,  signed,  of 
the  same  subject.  There  is  a  sort  of  table  or 
stand,  on  which  some  very  finely-shaped  vases  of 
gold  and  silver  stand.  On  the  left  is  a  fire  with  the 
smoke  rising ;  in  it  some  other  vessels  are  being 
burnt.  Below  the  table  is  a  great  chest  or  coffer 
containing  jewels  and  drinking-cups  of  precious 
metal.  To  the  left  is  a  group  of  armour,  with 
helmet  battered  and  bruised ;  and  in  the  fore- 
ground are  cards,  musical  instruments,  a  horse's 
and  a  man's  skull ;  about  the  room  several  bubbles 
are  floating,  and  hanging  from  the  top  by  a  thin 
thread  is  a  crystal-ball  representing  human  life. 
If  you  look  closely  into  it  you  will  see  a  reflection, 
which,  upon  closer  observation,  turns  out  to  be 
a  man's  face,  no  doubt  intended  for  the  spectator 
himself;  and  on  a  white  piece  of  drapery  in  the 
centre  of  the  picture  is  the  legend  — "  Heidel 
Heyt,"  All  is  so.  I  have  entered  thus  fully  into 
the  particulars,  because  the  subject  is  very  cleverly 
treated,  and  that  such  subjects  were  very  seldom 
painted  by  Teniers.  In  this  picture,  which  is 
about  24  inches  by  20,  there  is  not  one  figure. 

J.  C.  J. 

TITUS  GATES  (3rd  S.  iv.  373.)  — In  answer  to 
H.'s  inquiry  for  the  names  of  those  who  suffered 
under  the  accusations  of  Titus  Gates,  I  copy  the 
following  from  a  series  of  tracts,  folio,  1679,  con- 
taining the  whole  of  the  trials,  &c.  of  the  conspi- 
rators, and  those  who  suffered  death.  The  fol- 
lowing is  the  heading  to  the  tract  containing  the 
names :  — 

"  An  Account  of  the  Behaviour  of  the  Fourteen  Late 
Popish  Malefactors  whil'st  in  Newgate,  and  their  Dis- 
courses with  the  Ordinary,  viz. — 

"Mr.  Staler,  Mr.  Coleman,  Mr.  Grove,  Mr.  Ireland, 
Mr.  Pickering,  Mr.  Green,  Mr.  Hill,  Mr.  Berry,  Mr. 


460 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '63. 


Whitebread,  Mr.  Harcourt,  Mr.  Fenwick,  Mr.  Gawen,  Mr. 
Turner,  and  Mr.  Langhorn." 

The  next  tract  in  the  series  is  this :  — 

"  The  Tryals  and  Condemnation  of  Lionel  Anderson, 
alias  Munson;  William  Russel,  alias  Napper;  Charles 
Parris,  alias  Parry ;  Henry  Starkey,  James  Corker,  and 
William  Marshal,  for  High  Treason  as  Romish  Priests, 
&c.,  1680." 

The  next  and  last  tract,  giving  the  names  of 
those  who  suffered  death,  has  this  heading  :  — 

"The  Spirit  of  Popery  speaking  out  of  the  Months 
of  Phanatical  Protestants,  or  the  last  Speeches  of  Mr. 
John  Kid  and  Mr.  John  King,  Two  Presbyterian  Minis- 
ters, who  were  executed  for  High  Treason  and  Rebelliou 
at  Edinburgh,  August  14th,  1679,  &c." 

E.  PARFITT. 

TEEBIKE  (3rd  S.  iv.  126,  300,  335.)  — There 
cannot  be  much  doubt  that  this  word  is  of  French 
origin.  Roquefort  renders  terrier  —  ,  •  „ 

"  Seigneur  qui  a  beaucoup  de  terres ;  juge  d'un  ter- 
ritoire;   religieux   charge*  du  recouvrement  des  cens  et 
autres  droits  des  terres.     Chien  terrier :  Chien  qui  est  pro- 
pre  a.  la  chasse  des  lapins,  des  renards,  &c.  — 
'  Li  Quens  Philippes  qui  refu, 
Diex,  quel  terrier  !  Dex,  quel  escu ! 
Qui  refu  Marquis  de  Boloingne, 
Qui  refu  li  Quens  de  Borgoingne?  '  " 

Bible  Guiot,  vers.  330. 

R.  S.  CHAENOCK. 

I  have  the  authority  of  Thomson's  Etymons  of 
English  Words  for  stating  that  terrier  is  derived 
from  the  French  word  terrier,  which  means  a  hole 
in  the  earth.  Thus,  se  faire  un  terrier,  signifies  to 
burrow,  and  the  name  was  doubtless  given  to  the 
dog  from  its  habit  of  hunting  badgers,  foxes,  or 
rabbits  in  their  holes.  The  origin  of  the  word 
cannot  possibly  be  connected  with  shaking,  but 
has  its  root  in  the  Latin  word  terra.  JUVENIS. 

ADLERCRON  (3rd  S.  iv.  304,  383.)  —  Some  years 
before  1795,  when  I  first  heard  the  story,  a  gen- 
tleman of  this  name  was  killed  at  his  own  door 
in  Park  Street,  Dublin,  by  certain  college  youths, 
who,  "  hot  with  the  Tuscan  grape,"  night-roamed 
the  city  like  the  "  Mohawks "  of  Queen  Anne's 
time.  These  sprightly  lads  were  the  terror  of  the 
town,  then  badly  guarded  and  worse  lighted  ; 
their  chamber-key,  knotted  into  the  corner  of  a 
pocket-handkerchief,  supplied  an  academic  variety 
of  the  Hibernian  peasant's  ever-ready  weapon — a 
stone,  dropped  into  the  foot  of  his  worsted  stocking — 
and  proved  as  effectual  on  the  unlucky  Mr.  Ad- 
lercron. 

Other  than  this  domestic  tragedy,  I  never  heard 
of  the  gentleman  whose  janua  mortis  had  been 
opened  by  a  college  key.  Possibly  he  was  a  son 
of.  the  general  whose  name  is  chronicled  in 
"N.  &  Q.,"  and  haunts  my  old  memory  as  the 
maiden  appellation  of  a  lady,  well  remembered  by 
me,  as  the  wife  of  a  long-deceased  clergyman  in 
Westmeath.  In  Germany  it  bears  (historically 
perhaps)  a  royal  signification — the  eagle's  crown. 


At  a  still  earlier  period  ("  Names,"  ibid.  369), 
1784-1789,  I  was  the  almost  daily  customer  of 
good  old  Dame  Severn,  who  vended  apples  and 
apple-tarts  in  Edgar  Street,  Worcester,  where 
"  cadunt  altis  de  turribus  umbrae"  of  the  Saxon 
king's  palace.  Were  it  but  for  his  architectural 
sympathies  towards  this  venerable  pile,  at  least 
a  hundred  years  older  than  its  Norman  namesake 
in  London,  Mr.  Walker  will  be  as  content,  per- 
haps, to  identify  his  prcenomen  with  the  Vigornian 
Pomona,  as  with  the  river-spirit  immortalised  in 
Milton's  Comus. 

By-the-bye,  Sydney  Smith  did  not  invent  the 
baptismal  Saba  for  his  daughter ;  it  having  been 
preoccupied  by  an  Egyptian  princess,  the  mother 
of  our  Saint  George ;  teste  that  ancient  and  au- 
thentic record,  The  Seven  Champions  of  Christen- 
dom. A  kinsman  of  mine  own  devised  a  name 
for  his  daughter  more  unquestionably  original, 
and  prsenominated  her,  Stetta.  E.  L.  S. 

BED-GOWN  AND  NIGHT-DEESS  (3rd  S.  iv.  332.) 
The  following  extract  from  a  Writ  of  Queen  Eli- 
zabeth's is  worth  appending  to  the  notes  already 
collected  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  in  reference  to  the  above 
subject.  It  is  printed  in  the  Archceologia,  xvi. 
p.  94 :  — 

"  By  The  Queene. 

"Elizabeth, — We  will  and  comaunde  you  that  uppon 
the  sight  hereof  ye  delyver  or  cause  to  be  delyv'ed  unto 
our  servaunt  Walter  Fyshe  twelve  yards  of  purple  vellat, 
frized  on  the  backsyde  with  white  and  russet  sylke,  to 
make  us  a  nyght  gown.  And  also  that  ye  delyver  to 
Charles  Smyth,  Page  of  our  Robes,  Fourtene  yards  of 
murrye  damaske  to  be  emplyde  in  making  of  a  night 
gowne  for  the  Erie  of  Leycester,  &c. 

"  To  our  trusty  and  welbeloved  s'vant, 
George  Bredyman,  Keeper  of  our 
said  Pallaice  of  Westtnr." 

S.  D.  S. 

TERESA  (3rd  S.  iv.  412.) — CANON  DAI/TON  says  : 

"  The  great  Spanish  saint  of  this  name  always  spells 
her  name  without  the  h.  I  possess  her  autograph,  which 
proves  the  fact." 

Will  he  kindly  inform  me  what  evidence  he  has 
of  the  authenticity  of  the  signature  of  "  the  crazy 
nun  of  Avila,"  as  Ford  in  his  Handbook  calls  her? 

I  make  this  inquiry,  having  recently  returned 
from  Spain,  where  I  was  forcibly  convinced  how 
little  the  law  of  evidence  was  known  or  regarded 
by  those  who  adopted  and  believed  the  legends 
and  miracles  of  the  great  Spanish  saints. 

For  the  life,  death,  and  miracles  of  St.  Teresa, 
I  would  beg  to  refer  your  readers  to  the  Hand- 
book of  Spain,  edition  1855,  vol.  ii.  p.  745. 

GLARRY. 

"DoN  QUIXOTE"  (3rd  S.  iv.  227,  333.)  —  If 
CANON  DALTON  has  not  yet  found  all  the  inform- 
ation he  desires  respecting  the  translations,  &c., 
of  Don.  Quixote,  he  will  find  much,  as  well  as  the 
various  editions  of  the  original,  in  the  Life  of 
Cervantes  by  Roscoe  (Murray),  1837. 


'd  S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '63.] 


NOTES  Ata>  QUERIES. 


461 


It  would  be  very  interesting  if  all  such  inform 
ation  respecting  Cervantes  and  his  great  worl 
could  be  collected,  in  the  same  way  as  the  lat 
Mr.  Adamson  did  for  Camoens.  W.  M.  M. 

A  GOOSE  TENURE  (3rd  S.  iv.  268,  400.)— For  a 
century  and  a  half,  the  Lord  of  Essington,  in  Staf 
fordshire,  was  bound  to  bring  a  goose  on  the  firs 
day  of  every  year  to  the  Lord  of  Hilton  (  an  ad 
joining  and  superior  manor),  and  drive  it  thric 
round  the  hall  fire,  while  "  Jack  of  Hilton  "  wa 
blowing  it.  He,  or  his  bailiff",  had  then  to  carry 
it  to  the  table,  and  receive  a  mess  for  himself  from 
the  Lord  of  Hilton.  The  custom  ceased  on  Es- 
sington becoming  the  property  of  the  Vernons — 
the  owners  of  Hilton. 

"  Jack  of  Hilton"  is  still  at  Hilton  Park,  where 
I  saw  him  some  three  years  since.  He  is  very 
properly  kept  in  a  box,  as  being  unfit  for  genera 
observation.  It  is  a  small  uncouth  image  of  brass, 
resting  on  one  knee ;  one  arm  on  the  breast.  It 
is  hollow,  and  perforated — by  which  the  fire- 
blowing  part  of  the  performance  was  effected, 
think  Plot  gives  a  representation  of  it. 

How  or  when  this  image  came  to  Hilton,  or 
was  made  a  party  to  the  Essington  tenure,  is  un- 
known. I  have  been  informed,  however,  that  a 
gentleman  who  had  become  well  versed  on  the 
Continent  with  Pagan  antiquities,  at  once  recog- 
nised it  when  shown  to  him  as  the  god  "  Poosta  " 
(I  write  from  memory).  It  is  a  very  interesting 
subject,  and  one  upon  which  I  should  wish  Mr. 
Vernon  of  Harefield  would  send  you  a  Note. 

S.  T. 

THE  GREAT  DUKE  A  CHILD-EATER  (3rd  S.  iv. 
412.)  — At  Christmas,  either  1828  or  1829,  ap- 
peared the  first  volume  of  Hood's  Comic  Annual. 
During  the  next  few  years  there  were  sundry 
other  "  Comics"  published  in  imitation  of  it:  one, 
the  name  of  which  I  cannot  call  to  mind,  was 
meant  especially  for  the  young,  and  in  it  I  remem- 
ber to  have  seen  the  song  quoted  by  A.  A.  It  is 
many  years  since  I  saw  this  book ;  but  I  am 
nearly  certain  that  it  also  contains  some  "  lines  " 
in  condemnation  of  punning.  The  lines  com- 
menced :  — 

"  My  little  dears  who  learn  to  read, 

Pray  early  learn  to  shun 

That  very  silly  thing  indeed 

Which  people  call  a  pun." 

I  maintain,  nevertheless,  that  a  good  pun  is 
much  to  be  enjoyed.  W.  H. 

OGLESBY  (3rd  S.  iv.  326.)— This  name  is  not 
uncommon  in  the  western  part  of  North  Lincoln- 
shire. SP.  will  find  it  several  times  in  Kelly's 
Post  Office  Directory  of  Lincolnshire,  1855.  It 
occurs  also  once  in  the  London  Directory  for  1861, 
and  twice  in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine,  1793, 
July,  p.  620 ;  1800,  Feb.,  p.  185.  K.  P.  D.  E. 


NEWSPAPERS  (3rd  S.  iv.  397.)— R.  J.  W.  will 
obtain  the  information  he  needs,  by  applying  to 
Messrs.  Hansards,  Great  Queen  Street.  A  recent 
return  can  also  be  had  there.  Mitchell's  Neivs- 
paper  Directory  will  aid  his  research.  Also,  in 
the  Encyc.  Brit.  (vol.  xvi.  pp.  180—205,)  will  be 
found  an  interesting  and  valuable  historical  ar- 
ticle on  Newspapers  by  Mr.  Edwards. 

JAMES  GILBERT. 
2,  Devonshire  Grove,  Old  Kent  Road,  S.E. 

RING  SAID  TO  BE  OF  MARY,  QUEEN  OF  SCOTS 
(3rd  S.  iv.  396.)— It  is  singular  that  the  only 
sovereign  to  whom  the  insignia  and  initials,  as 
described,  could  have  belonged,  should  not  have 
been  suggested  in  the  list  given.  The  original 
seal  was,  doubtless,  that  of  Queen  (regnant)  Mary 
Stuart,  wife  of  King  William  III.  Xhe  absence 
of  the  motto  is  confirmatory  of  this  supposition  ; 
and  I  imagine  that  the  escutcheon  of  pretence 
of  Nassau,  invariably  borne  by  her  husband,  was 
properly  omitted  in  a  seal  denoting  her  separate 
or  distinct  sovereign  capacity.  S.  T. 

ANONYMOUS  WORK  (3rd  S.  iv.  371.)  —  The 
Letters  from  the  Kingdom  of  Kerry  in  Hie  Year 
1845,  were  written  by  Mrs.  Lydia  Jane  Fisher, 
youngest  daughter  of  Mary  Leadbeater  ;  whose 
interesting  Annals  of  Ballitore  form  vol.  i.  of  the 
well  known  Leadbeater  Papers,  published  last  year 
by  Messrs.  Bell  &  Daldy.  Mrs.  Fisher  was  the 
editor  of  that  work.  '-AAieuj. 

MISUSE  or  WORDS  (3rd  S.  iv.  407.)  —  I  agree 
almost  entirely  with  B.  R.,  but  the  word  garble 
requires  a  remark.  The  substantive,  mentioned 
by  many  old  writers  on  weights  and  measures, 
meant  refuse  :  and  averdupois  weight  is  stated  as 
applying  to  all  substances  which  have  garble.  To 
garble,  was  to  separate  the  refuse  from  the  valu- 
able part.  I  suppose  the  garbler  of  spices  must 
have  been  an  officer  appointed  to  judge  of  the 
refuse,  in  order  to  decide  on  the  duty  payable. 

Aggravate  is  a  word  I  have  always  heard  ap- 
plied to  the  act  of  making  an  angry  person  more 
angry  :  it  is  natural  that  the  word  should  be 
transferred  from  the  feeling  to  the  person.  Other 
words  have  undergone  the  same  alteration.  But 
if  aggravate  must  be  restored  to  original  meaning, 
there  is  a  charming  word  ready  to  take  its  place. 
I  found  it  in  a  very  amusing  book,  published 
about  thirty  years  ago,  the  Clubs  of  London.  An 
old  horsedealer,  a  most  original  personage,  ex- 
laims,  "It  is  so  aggrivoking /"  This  compound 
of  aggravate  and  provoke  has  all  the  force  of  both 
words,  in  sound  as  well  as  in  meaning. 

A.  DE  MORGAN. 

SWING  (3rd  S.  iv.  398.)  —  At  the  time  of  the 
ires,  the  written  notices  signed  "  Swing "  were 
very  often,  if  not  most  frequently,  directed  against 
gricultural  machines,  pursuant  to  the  notion  that 


462 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '63. 


machinery  lessened  the  demand  for  labour.  One 
particular  kind  of  implement  was  often  men- 
tioned ;  and  this  was  the  point  of  a  joke  played,  I  be- 
lieve, upon  the  headmaster  of  Westminster  School, 
who  was  said  in  the  newspapers  to  have  found 
the  following  upon  his  desk  :  "  Sir !  If  you  do 
not  lay  by  your  thrashing  machine,  you  will  hear 
further  from  SWING."  M. 

"THE  MONKEY  WHO  HAD  SEEN  THE  WORLD" 
(3rd  S.  iv.  400.)  —  When  a  boy  in  the  country,  I 
had  given  to  me  a  nice  edition  of  Gay's  Fables, 
with  pictures.  To  "  The  Monkey,"  &c.  was  pre- 
fixed a  picture  containing  an  animal  in  bag-wig, 
tawdry  jacket,  spiky  sword,  and  other  absurdi- 
ties; all  which  made  him  a  funny  creature.  A 
few  years  afterwards,  I  learnt  to  find  my  way 
about  the  streets  of  London.  One  day,  turning 
from  St.  James's  Square  into  Pall  Mall,  I  came 
suddenly,  without  a  moment's  warning,  in  front 
of  a  young  fop  dressed  exactly  to  the  pattern  T 
had  so  often  laughed  at.  I  had  very  nearly  cried 
out  "  The  monkey  who  has  seen  the  world  ! ! ! " 
I  followed  him  a  little  way — I  had  seen  the  sweeps 
on  May-day  not  long  before — expecting  that  he 
would  stop  before  some  house,  and  dance,  or 
tumble,  or  do  something  for  his  living ;  but  he 
walked  on.  J  then  turned  back,  and  immediately 
afterwards  met  an  elderly  man,  beyond  doubt 
an  educated  gentleman,  in  the  very  same  kind  of 
dress,  arm-in-arm  with  a  general  officer  in  full 
uniform  and  several  stars  ;  these  were  followed 
by  others  of  the  same  types.  On  making  inquiry, 
I  found  that  the  levee  had  just  finished ;  and  that 
the  monkey-jacket,  cheese-toaster,  &c.,  which  I 
had  always  fancied  were  invented  by  some  clever 
artist  to  make  a  monkey  look  more  like  a  monkey 
than  he  was  by  nature,  were  parts  of  the  dress 
which  grave  men  were  expected  to  wear  when 
they  paid  their  respects  to  the  sovereign  !  This 
was  more  than  forty  years  ago,  and  I  believe 
some  of  the  trappings  have  been  abolished.  M. 

INKSTAND  (3rd  S.  iv.  348,  418.)— A  correspon- 
dent immediately  furnished  me  with  the  address 
at  which  these  inkstands  can  be  obtained :  Du- 
four,  17A,  Great  George  Street,  Westminster.  I 
have  one  now  in  use,  and  I  think  it  decidedly  the 
best  I  ever  possessed.  This  inkstand  has  the 
moveable  cover  for  the  top  of  the  cup. 

A.  DE  MORGAN. 

CURIOUS  CIRCUMSTANCE  (3rd  S.  iv.  409.) — I  send 
you  the  record  of  a  circumstance  even  still  more 
curious  than  that  given  last  week  by  your  corre- 
spondent MR.  G.  F.  CHAMBERS  :  — 

"  Six  BROTHER  PRIESTS.  —  It  is  scarcely  likely  that  a 
scene  which  took  place  at  the  Feast  of  our  Lady  of  Mount 
Carmel,  at  St.  Chad's  Church,  Manchester,  perhaps  ever 
occurred  before,  or  that  any  father  had  the  happiness  of 
not  only  having  six  sons  called  to  the  Holy  ministry, 
but  to  see  them  all  at  the  altar  at  the  same  time ;  yet 


such  was  the  fact  on  Sunday  last,  when  the  following 
brothers  were  at  the  altar  at  St.  Chad's  at  the  Holy 
Sacrifice,  and  in  the  evening  sang  vespers  together:  the 
Very  Rev.  Canon  Edward  Browne  of  St.  Werburgh's, 
Birkenhead ;  the  Very  Rev.  Cation  Richard  Browne,  St. 
Ann's,  Leeds ;  the  Rev.  Joseph  Browne,  St.  Andrew's, 
Newcastle-on-Tyne ;  the  Rev.  Henry  Browne,  St.  Mary's, 
Manchester;  the  Rev.  J.  F.  Browne,  St.  Chad's,  Man- 
chester ;  and  the  Rev.  William  Browne  (lately  ordained), 
Professor  at  the  English  College,  Lisbon.  The  father 
and  sisters  of  the  above  clergymen  were  at  the  mass  and 
vespers,  beholding  what  to  them  must  have  been  a  sub- 
ject of  surpassing  interest,  and  of  internal  glory  to  God 
that  they  had  been  so  blessed." 

This  is  from  the  Tablet.  F.  G.  L. 

GREAT  GUNS  (3rd  S.  iv.  392.)  —  Though  not  a 
direct  reply  to  the  query  of  J.  E.  H.  as  to  whether 
we  have  any  authentic  records  of  cannon  balls  at 
all  approaching  the  magnitude  of  92  inches  in 
circumference  at  a  period  so  early  as  1453,  per- 
haps the  following  circumstance  may  not  be  un- 
interesting. Scrambling  about  among  the  ruins 
of  the  triple  wall  of  Constantinople,  one  summer's 
afternoon  a  few  years  ago,  I  found  among  the 
debris  which  had  fallen  down  into  the  ditch  in 
front  of  the  wall,  a  large  stone  bullet.  I  roughly 
measured  its  diameter  by  cutting  a  notch  in  my 
walking  stick,  and  on  reference  to  it  I  find  the 
measurement  thus  indicated  to  be  22  inches.  The 
place  where  the  bullet  was  found  was  a  little  to 
the  south  of  Top  Kapoussi,  "  The  gate  of  the 
Cannon,"  —  so  called  because  it  was  on  an  emi- 
nence in  front  of  it  that  Mahomet  planted  his 
great  gun.  I  thought  it  not  improbable  that  this 
might  be  one  of  the  bullets  fired  from  the  huge 
piece  of  ordnance,  though  I  could  see  no  mark  of 
concussion  upon  it,  except  that  in  one  part  it  was 
not  perfectly  spherical.  It  lay  among  the  debris 
of  a  large  portion  of  the  wall  that  had  fallen  out- 
ward and  partially  filled  up  the  great  ditch.  It 
was  fashioned  out.  of  a  blue  quartzose  rock,  close 
grained,  and  extremely  hard  and  heavy.  I  may 
add,  that  I  once  saw  an  old  gun,  built  on  the. 
hoop  and  stave  principle,  apparently  not  less  than 
"  Mons  Meg,"  if  not  larger,  which  was  being 
chopped  up  by  the  steam  hammer  in  the  Turkish 
Arsenal  to  make  nails.  I  regret  that  I  did  not 
take  a  note  of  its  dimensions.  J.  A. 

ST.  ANTHONY'S  SERMON  TO  THE  FISHES  (3rd  S. 
iv.  414.) — I  have  examined  Addison's  Italian  copy 
of  this  Sermon,  and  also  his  translation  of  it  in 
vol.  ii.  of  his  works  in  quarto.  It  is  much  longer 
and  much  more  laboured  than  the  Sermon  which 
I  translated  from  my  Portuguese  copy,  and  which 
at  the  time  I  supposed  to  contain  the  entire 
Sermon.  Addison's  would  probably  be  too  long 
to  find  insertion  in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q.," 
though  we  not  unfrequently  meet  there  with 
pieces  of  wearisome  length  and  very  slender  in- 
terest. 

I  attach  no  further  importance  to  the  Sermon 


S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


463 


than  as  it  conveys  a  remarkable  reproof  to  un- 
willing hearers ;  but  I  cannot  admit  that  it  was 
intended  as  a  skit  upon  any  prevalent  perversion 
of  texts.  The  Sermon  inculcates  serious  duties, 
which  men  are  too  apt  to  forget ;  and  the  Saint 
is  represented  as  conveying  these  to  the  minds  of 
perverse  people,  through  the  novel  experiment  of 
preaching  to  creatures.  The  end  was  attained 
by  the  conversion  of  those  who  had  before  been 
obstinate  and  impenetrable. 

In  answer  to  MR.  GELBART'S  question,  I  can 
safely  assure  him  that  no  Catholic  Doctor,  great 
or  small,  ever  maintained  an  opinion  that  animals 
have  any  capacity  for  religion.  The  commence- 
ment of  St.  Anthony's  Sermon  is  as  I  gave  it. 
What  CANON  DALTON  quotes  from  Ribadeneira  is 
merely  the  summons  which  the  Saint  first  gave  to 
the  fish  to  come  and  hear  him  ;  and  is  thus  given 
in  the  Portuguese :  "  Vinde  ouvir  a  palavra  de 
Deos  peixes  do  mar  e  do  rio,  pois  a  nao  quereui 
ouvir  os  homens  heregas  e  impieis."  Immediately 
a  great  number  of  fishes,  great  and  small,  came 
forth  before  the  Saint,  and  all  held  their  heads 
above  the  water  in  mute  attention ;  and  then  the 
Saint  began  his  Sermon  in  the  words  already 
given.  By  this  time  CANON  DALTON  has  probably 
discovered  that  his  promised  Sermon  to  a  wolf 
was  not  delivered  by  St.  Anthony,  but  by  St. 
Francis  of  Assisium.  F.  C.  H. 

VIXEN  (3rd  S.  iv.  389.)  — We  have  vixen  (not 
fixeri)  in  Shakspeare,  Midsummer  Night's  Dream, 
Act  III.  Sc.  2.  (Cambridge  Edition,  1.  324.)  — 

"  She  was  a  vixen  when  she  went  to  school." 

Vixen  is  the  reading  of  the  folio  of  1623. 

Mrs.  Cowden  Clarke  (a  good  authority)  gives 
this  as  the  only  use  of  the  word  "  vixen "  by 
Shakspeare. 

In  referring  to  presumably  likely  passages  iii 
Ben  Jonson,  in  Marlowe,  and  in  Beaumont  and 
Fletcher,  I  do  not  find  the  word  (either  nsjixen 
or  vixen.) 

Halliwell  and  Wright  give^en  as  North. 

JOHN  ADDIS. 

QUOTATION  FROM  SENECA  (3rd  S.  iv.  373.)  — 
This  passage  is  found  in  the  104th  Epistle  of 
Seneca,  towards  the  middle  (edit.  Argent.  1809). 
The  correct  reading  is  — 

"  Ipsi  quoque  ha;c  possunt  facere  sed  nolunt.  Denique 
quern  unquam  ista  destituere  tentantem  ?  (Jui  non  faci- 
liora.  adparuere  in  actu?  Non,  quia  difficilia  sunt,  non 
audemus,  sed,  quia  non  audemus,  difficilia  sunt." 

C.  T.  RAMAGE. 

JOSEPHINE'S  ADDRESS  TO  NAPOLEON  (3rd  S.  iv. 
411.) — The  song  inquired  for  by  M.  B.  Avas  pub- 
lished by  Chappell,  about  1839,  and  is  entitled 
"  The  Beloved  One  ; "  words  by  Miss  Twiss,  music 
by  Mrs.  Robert  Arkwright  H.  A.  S. 


MERCHANTS  AND  TRADESMEN'S  MARKS  (3rd  S. 
iv.  413.) — A.  B.  will  find  engravings  of  these 
marks  in  Willis's  Current  Notes,  4to,  London, 
1851-7.  Jervis's  Memorials  of  Angus  and  the 
Meams,  8vo,  Edinburgh,  1861,  contains  engrav- 
ings of  trade-marks  of  old  Dundee  Merchants. 

B. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

The  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  according  to  the  use  of  the 
United  CJturch  of  England  and  Ireland :  together  with 
the  Psalter  or  Psalms  of  David  pointed  as  they  are  to  be 
sung  or  said  in  Churches.  (Longman.) 

Messrs.  Longman  have,  we  presume,  produced  this 
beautiful  specimen  of  decorative  printing  as  a  Prayer 
Book  suitable  for  a  wedding  present,  or  a  Christmas  gift. 
It  is  printed  at  the  Chiswick  Press,  and  its  distinctive 
features  are  the  exquisite  borders,  which  have  been  taken 
from  the  works  of  Geofroy  Tory,  the  French  bookseller 
and  engraver  (1480-1536),  whose  Latin  Psalter  and  Cosmo- 
graphy of  yEneas  Sylvius  are  well  known,  and  whose  own 
treatise  on  ornamental  typography,  entitled  Champfleury, 
is  esteemed  one  of  the  most  remarkable  curiosities  of 
literature.  The  designs  are  certainly  very  graceful  and 
elegant. 

The  Desk-Book  of  English  Synonymes  ;  designed  to  afford 
Assistance  in  Composition,  and  also  as  a  Work  of  Refer- 
ence requisite  to  the  Secretary,  and  indispensable  to  the 
Student.    By  John  Sherer.     (Groombridge  &  Sons.) 
This  ample  title-page  so  completely  describes  the  ob- 
ject of  the  work,  that  we  may  content  ourselves  witli 
stating  that  that  object  is  well  carried  out,  and  the  book 
made  even  more  useful  by  an  Analytical  Index. 

The  Siege  of  Jerusalem  by  Titus.     By  Thos.  Lewin,  Esq. 

(Longmans.) 

The  sad  and  well-known  story  loses  nothing  of  its 
interest  in  Mr.  Lewin's  well-written  pages.  The  volume 
is  completed  by  an  agreeable  Journal  of  a  visit  to  Jeru- 
salem last  year,  and  a  careful  sketch  of  the  Topography 
of  the  Holy  City.  We  cordially  recommend  it  to  our 
readers. 

Selections  from  the  recently  published  Correspondence  be- 
tween Louis  Claude  de  St.  Martin  and  Kirchberger  Baron 
de  Lieberstorf,  during  the  Years  1792-7.  Translated 
and  edited  by  Ed.  Bruton  Penny.  (Hamilton  & 
Adams). 
We  do  not  feel  ourselves  qualified  to  do  more  than  call 

attention  to  the  appearance  of  this  volume  of  mystical 

philosophy,  which  will,  no   doubt,  greatly  interest  our 

theosophic  readers. 

De  la  Rue's  Improved  Indelible  Diary  and  Memorandum 
Book  for   1864.      Edited  by  James  Glaisher,   F.K.S. 
With  an  Article  on  the  Moon  by  J.  K.  Hind,  Esq. 
De  la  Rue's  Improved  Red  Letter  Calendar  for  1864. 

We  have  so  often  called  attention  to  the  combined 
utility  and  beauty  of  the  various  forms  in  which  Messrs. 
De  la  Rue  put  forth  their  Indelible  Diaries  and  Red 
Letter  Calendars,  that  the  repetition  has  really  left  us 
nothing  fresh  to  say  of  them.  The  marvellous  photo- 
graph of  the  moon,  copied  by  Messrs.  Smith,  Beck,  and 
Beck  from  Mr.  Warren  De  la  Rue's  original  negative,  is  a 
novel  and  interesting  feature :  the  value  and  importance 
of  which  is  well  illustrated  by  Mr.  Hind's  article  on  the 
subject. 


464 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'<«  S.  IT.  DEC.  5,  '63. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 

the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  aa- 

dresses  are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 

SHF.IXLOCK   (Win.,  D.D.)i  PRACTICAL  DISCOURSE   CONCERNING   A  FUTURE 
JUDGMENT.    London,  1695.    8vo. 

WELWOOD  (JAMES,  M.D.),  MEMOIRS  op  TRANSACTIONS  IN  ENOLAND,  &c. 
London,  1702.    8vo. 

BROWN  (THOMAS),  COLLECTION  op  DIALOGUES.    London,  1704.    8vo. 

MOORE  (THOMAS),  TRANSLATION  OF  THE  ODES  op  ANACBEON.    Philadel- 
phia,  1804.    8vo. 

LYNCH  (WM.),  THE  PRESCRIPTIVE  BARONIES  OF  IRELAND.    1835. 
Wanted  by  Rev.  B.  II.  Blacker,  Rokeby,  Blackrock,  Dublin. 

GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE  for  July,  September,  October,  November,  and 
December,  1 855. 


Wanted  by  Mr.  J.  R.  Smith,  36,  Soho  Square,  London,  W. 

•ING  AND  EVENING  PRAYER.  2Vols.   Arranged  by  Hon.  Cha 
nshaw.    24mo  edition. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  C.  Tuckett,  66,  Great  Russell  Street. 


LETTERS   or  LADT   BBIIXIANA  HAHLEY.    Camden   Society's  Publica- 
tions, No.  58 

Wanted  by  Rev.  John  Pickford,  M.A,,  Sherington,  Newport-Pagnell, 
Bucks. 


ta 

THE  CHRISTMAS  NUMBER  of  "  N.  &  Q."  will  be  published- on  Saturday 
the  19(A  inst.  Advertisement*  for  insertion  in  it  must  be  sent  in  by  Wed- 
nesday the  \6tU. 


T.  V.  N.  Mr.  Fronde's  Papers  on  the"  Letters  o/Du  Quadra,  Bishop 
ofAguila,"  preserved  at  Simancas,  appeared  in  Fraser's  Magazine  for 
June  and  August,  1861. 

C.  J.  The  memoranda  only  refer  to  the  late  appearance  of  swallows. 
Thus  in  The  Field  of  last  week,  a  correspondent  sans,  on  Sunday  the 
22nd  (Nov.)  we  saw  three  swallows  flyiny  in  the  High  Street,  Great 
Jfarlow. 

JOHN  A.  C.  VINCENT  to  referred  to  "  N.  &  Q."  1st  8.  vii.  544;  viii.  44, 
for  articles  on  the  meaning  of  Film  or  Pillum,  i.  e.  JJust, 

3.  B.  ROWLANDS  will  find  on  consulting  the  General  Indices  to  our 
1st  and  2nd  S.  innumerable  references  to  articles  on  Hour  Glasses  in 
Pulpits. 

W.  J.  (Cambridge.)  Unsightly  is  used  as  unseen  in  Hudibras  and  by 
Suckling.  See  Todd's  Johnson,  s.  v. 

F.  H.    For  the  origin  of  the  reclamation  Hurrah  or  Huzza,  see  our 

1st  Series,  where  are  fourteen  articles  on  the  word. For  the  derivation 

of  Snob,  see  also  the  same  series,  i.  250. 

THEOBALD  SMID.  The  lines  "  Forgive,  blest  shade,"  $c.  were  written 
b/i  the  Rev.  Mr.  Gill,  curate  of  New  Church,  Isle  of  Wight.  Vide 
"  N.  S  Q."  1st  S.  ix.  241 ;  x.  133,  152. 

E.  E.  M.  The  word  Secretariat  occurs  in  the  French  dictionaries, and 
means  the  secretary/ship,  or  the  secretary's  office. 

ST.  T.  The  author  of  Thinks  I  to  Myself  teas  the  Rev.  Edward 
Nares,  D.D.  Vide  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  ir.  230. 

ERRATA — 3rd  S.  iv.  p.  415,  col.  i.  line  21  from  bottom,  for  "  Clonfede  " 
read  "  Clonfeacle;  "  p.  421,  col.  ii.  line  19  from  bottom,  for  "  conciatus  " 
read  "  cruciatus." 

Horniman's  Tea  is  choice  and  strong,  moderate  in  price,  and  whole- 
some to  use.  These  advantages  have  secured  for  this  Tea  a  general 
preference.  It  is  sold  in  packets  by  2,280  Agents. 


HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  IBs.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux  24s.  and  30s.  per  doz. 

Good  Hock 30s.    „     36s.        „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  42s.    „     48s.       „ 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24s.    „     hOs.       „ 

Port  24s.,30s.    „     36s.       „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  per  doz. 

Vintage  1834 „    108s.        „ 

Vintage  1840 84s. 

Vintage  1847 „     72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry,  36s.,  42s., 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  48s. ,60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
JIUT,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60s.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120s. ;  Braunberger,  Grnn- 
hausen,  and  Scharzbevg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  6Hs., 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymae  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz.; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  16670 

CAMPBELL'S  OLD  GLENLIV AT  WHISKY.— 

\J  At  this  season  of  the  year.  J.  Camubell  begs  to  direct  attention  to 
this  fine  eld  MALT  WHISKY,  of  which  he  has  held  a  large  stock  for 
30  years,  price  20s.  per  gallon;  Sir  John  Power's  old  Irish  Whisky,  18s.; 
Hennessey's  very  old  Pale  Brandy,  32s.  per  gallon  (J.  C.'s  extensive 
business  in  French  Wines  gives  him  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the 
Brandy  market):  E.  Clicquot's  Champagne,  i6s.  per  dozen;  Sherry, 
Pale,  < J olden,  or  Brown,  30s.,  36s.,  and  42s.j  Port  from  the  wood,  30s. 
and  36s.,  crusted,  42s.,  48s.  and  54s.  Note.  —  J.  Campbell  confidently 
recommends  his  Vin  de  Bordeaux,  at  20s.  per  dozen,  which  greatly  im- 
proves by  keeping  in  bottle  two  or  three  years.  Remittances  or  town 
references  should  be  addressed  JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 

PRIZE  MEDAL  AWARDED. 
TOtr&MXXr    AND     GALE, 

DESPATCH  BOX,  DRESSING  CASE,  AND  TRAVELLING 
BAG  MAKERS, 

7,  NEW  BOND  STREET,  W., 
AMD  SISE  LANE,  CITY  (NEAR  MANSION  HOUSE). 
(Established  1735.) 


JC.  and  J.  FIELD,  Original  Manufacturers  (in 
.  England)  of  PARAFFINE  CANDLES,  to  whom  the  prize 
medal  (1862)  has  been  awarded,  and  their  Candles  adopted  by  her 
Majesty's  Government  for  use  at  the  Military  Stations  abroad.  These 
Candles  can  be  obtained  of  all  Chandlers  and  Grocers  in  the  United 
Kingdom.  Price  Is.  Sd.  per  Ib.  Also  Field's  celebrated  United  Service 
Soap  Tablets,  6d.  and  id.  each.  The  Public  are  cautioned  to  see  that 
Field's  label  is  on  the  packets  or  boxes.  Wholesale  only,  and  for 
Exportation,  Upper  Marsh,  Lambeth,  London,  S. 

pHRISTENING     PRESENTS     in    SILVER.— 

\J  MAPPIN  BROTHERS  beg  to  call  attention  to  their  Extensive 
Collection  of  New  Designs  in  sterling  SILVER  CHRISTENING 
PRESENTS.  Silver  Cups,  beautifully  chased  and  engraved,  31.,  31.  Ips., 
41.,  52.,  !>l.  IDs.  each,  according  to  size  and  pattern;  Silver  Sets  of  Knife, 
Fork,  and  Spoon,  in  Cases,  II.  Is.,  \l.  10s.,  22.,  21  10s.,  31.  3s.,  42.  4s.; 
Silver  Basin  and  Spoon,  in  handsome  Cases.  42.  4s.,  62.  6s.,  82.  8s., 
102. 10s.  — MAPPIN  BROTHERS,  Silversmiths,  67  and  68,  King  Wil- 
liam Street,  London  Bridge  ;  and  222,  Regent  Street,  W.  Established 
in  Sheffield  A.D.  1810. 

Sold  by  Grocers  and  Confectioners. 

FRY'S      CHOCOLATE. 

FRY'S  FRENCH  CHOCOLATE  FOR  EATING, 
in  Sticks,  and  Drops. 

FRY'S  CHOCOLATE  CREAMS. 

FRY'S  FRENCH  CHOCOLATE  IN  CAKES. 
J.  6.  FRY  &  SONS,  Bristol  and  London. 

CAPTAIN*    WHITE'S 

ORIENTAL  PICKLE,  CURRY,  or  MULLIGA- 
TAWNY PASTE. 

Curry  Powder,  and  Curry  Sauce,  may  be  obtained  from  all  Sauce- 
Vendors,  and  Wholesale  of 

CROSSE  &  BLACKWELL,  Purveyors  to  the  Queen,  Soho  Square, 
London. 


SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

•WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOR  LEA.  AND  PERKINS'  SAUCE. 

*»»  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester; 
MESSRS.  CROSSE  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS,  London,  &c.,  &c. ;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 


3'<»  S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,  MANCHESTER  AND  LONDON, 

IT      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIJSP  OPPICES  :  1,  PARLIAMENT  STREET.  LONDON,  and 
77.  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.  E.Bicknell.Esq. 


T. Somers  Cocke,  Eiq.,  M.A..J.P. 

Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq..  J.P. 

3.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,  M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  B.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 


James  Hunt,  Esq. 

John  Leigh,  Esq. 

Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 

F.  B.  M  arson,  Esq. 

E.  Vansittart  Neale,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Jas.  l,js  Seager.Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White,  Esq. 


Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
A  ctvary. —Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society  s  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONOS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Kates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persona  entering 
within  tne  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MKDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated, in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHABOE  MADE  FOR  Policy  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready ,  price  14s. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


OSTEO       E  I   3>   O   N. 

Patent.March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

pABRIEL'S     SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth/'    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in,  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 


MR.  HOWARD,  SURGEON-DENTIST,  52, 
FLEET-STREET,  has  introduced  an  ENTIRELY  NEW 
DESCRIPTION  of  ARTIFICIAL  TEETH,  fixed  without  springs, 
wires,  or  ligatures.  They  so  perfectly  resemble  the  natural  teeth  as 
not  to  be  distinguished  from  the  originals  by  the  closest  observer  ;  they 
will  never  change  colour  or  decay,  and  will  be  found  superior  to  any 
teeth  ever  before  used.  This  method  does  not  require  the  extraction  of 
roots,  or  any  painful  operation,  and  will  support  and  preserve  teeth 
that  are  loose,  and  is  guaranteed  to  restore  articulation  and  mastica- 
tion. Decayed  teeth  stopped  and  rendered  sound  and  useful  iu  mas- 
tication— 52,  Fleet  Street. 


PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM, FAiCHOULY.  EVER-SWEET,  .NEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1 ,000  others.  2s.  6d.  each — 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 


HOLLOWAY'S  PILLS  AND  OINTMENT.— 
A  frequent  cause  of  gout  and  rheumatism  is  the  inflammatory 
state  of  the  blood,  attended  with  bad  digestion  and  general  debility.  A 
few  doses  of  these  pills,  t  ken  in  time,  are  an  effectual  prtventative 
against  gout  and  rheumatism,  but  any  one  who  has  an  attack  of  either 
should  use  Holloway's  Ointment  also,  the  powerful  properties  of  which, 
combined  with  the  effect  of  the  pills,  must  infallibly  effect  a  cure.  These 
Us  act  directly  on  the  blood,  which  they  purify  and  improve.  They 
also  regulate  the  secretions,  and  ^ive  tone  to  the  stomach,  and  thus  the 
whole  system  is  invigorated,  and  put  into  a  condition  which  enables  it 
to  throw  off  disease  or  check  its  approach. 


THE  LIVERPOOL  AND  LONDON  FIRE  AND 
LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY 

At  the  ANNUAL  MEETING  of  the  Proprietors  in  this  Company, 

held  on  Thursday,  25th  of  February,  1863, 

JAMES  ASPINALL  TOBIN,  Esq.,  in  the  Chair. 

The  Report  of  the  Directors  for  the  year  1862  was  read;  it  showed: — 

That  the  Fire  Premiums  of  the  year  were       -  £436,065   o   0 

Against  those  in  1861,  which  were     -----       360,131    0    ft 

Giving  an  increase  in  1862  of     ------       £75,934    0    0 

That  the  new  Life  business  comprised  the  issue  of  785 

Policies,  insuring -       467,334    0    0 

On  which  the  annual  premiums  were       -  13,935    7  11 

That  there  was  added  to  the  Life  reserve         -  79,27711    4 

That  the  balance  of  undivided  profit  was  increased    -         25.725    9    7 
That  the  invested  funds  of  the  Company  amounted  to  -    1,417.808    8    4 

In  reference  to  the  very  large  increase  of  £76,100  in  the  Fire  Premiums 
of  tl'e  year,  it  was  remarked  in  the  Report:  "  The  Premiums  paid  to  a 
company  are  the  measure  of  that  company's  business  of  all  kinds  ;  the 
Directors,  therefore,  prefer  that  test  of  progress  to  any  the  duty  col- 
lected may  afford,  as  that  applies  to  only  a  part  of  a  company's  busi- 
ness; and  a  large  share  of  that  part  may  be,  and  often  is,  re-insured 
with  other  offices.  In  this  view  the  yearly  addition  to  the  Fire  Pre- 
miums of  the  Liverpool  and  London  Company  must  be  very  gratifying 
to  the  proprietors." 

SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 
JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 

XTORTH  BRITISH  AND  MERCANTILE 

1.1  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  1809. 
Incorporated  by  Royal  Charter  and  Special  Acts  of  Parliament. 

Accumulated  and  Invested  Funds 42.122.8V8 

Annual  Revenue £422,401 


A.  De  Arroyave,  Esq. 
Edward  Cohen,  Esq. 
James  Du  Buisson,  Esq. 
P.  DuPr<5  Ureufell.Esq. 
A.  Klockmann,  Esq. 

A.  H.  Campbell,  Esq. 
P.  C.  Cavau,  Esq. 


LONDON  BOARD. 

JOHN  WHITE  CATER,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  MORRISON,  Esq.,  Deputy-Chairman- 

John  Mollett,  Esq. 
Junius  S.  Morgan,  Esq. 
G.  Garden  Nicol.  Esq. 
John  H.  Wm.  Schroder,  Esq. 
George  Young,  Esq. 

Ex-DlRECTOBS. 

I  P.  P.  Ralli,  Esq. 

I  Robert  Smith,  Esq. 

Frederic  Somes,  Esq. 

Manager  of  Fire  Department— George  H.  Whyting. 
Superintendent  of  Foreign  Department — G.  H.  Burnett. 

Secretary — F.  W.  Lance. 
General  Manager — David  Smith. 

FIRE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  Company  grants  Insurances  against  Fire  in  the  United  King- 
dom, and  all  Foreign  Countries. 

Mercantile  risks  in  the  Port  of  London  accepted  at  reduced  rates. 
Losses  promptly  and  liberally  settled. 

tlForeif/n  Risks — The  Directors  having  a  practical  knowledge  of 
Foreign  Countries  are  prepared  to  issue  Policies  on  the  most  favour- 
able terms.  In  all  cases  a  discount  will  be  allowed  to  Merchants  and 
others  effecting  such  insurances. 

LIFE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  following  Statement  exhibits  the  improvement  effected  during 
the  last  few  years :  — 

No.  of  Policies          Sums.  Premium!. 

issued.  £.  £.     ».  d. 

1858        456        377,425        12,565  18    8 

1859        605        449,913        ....        14,070    1    6 

1860  ....  741        ....        475,649        ....        U.071  17    7 

1861         785         ....        527,«26        16,553    2    9 

ISO*         ....         1.0J7         768,334        23,641     0    0 

Thus  in  five  years  the  number  of  Policies  issued  was  3,623,  assuring 
the  large  sum  of  2,928,947Z. 

The  leading  features  of  the  Office  are  :— 

1.  Entire  Security  to  Assurers. 

2.  The  large  Bonus  Additions  already  declared,  and  the  prospect  of  a 
further  Bonus  at  the  next  investigation. 

3.  The  advantages  afforded  by  the  varied  Tables  of  Premiums — unre- 
stricted conditions  of  Policies—  and  general  liberality  iu  dealing  with 
the  Assured. 

Forms  of  Proposal  and  every  information  will  be  furnished  on  appli- 
cation at  the 

Head  Offices  :  LONDON 58,  Threadneedle  Street. 

4,  New  Bank- buildings. 

EDINBURGH 64,  Princes  Street. 

WEST-END  OFFICE  :  8,  WATERLOO-PLACE,  Pall  Mall. 


IMPERIAL    LIFE    INSURANCE    COMPANY, 

JL  1,  OLD  BROAD  STREET,  B.C. 

Instituted  A.D.  1820. 

A  SUPPLEMENT  to  the  PROSPECTUS,  showing  the  advantages 
of  the  Bonus  System,  may  be  had  on  application  to 

SAMUEL  INGALL,  Actuary. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  DEC.  5,  '63. 


BOOKS  SUITABLE   FOR  PRESENTATION. 


CHRONICLE    of   ENGLAND   from   B.C.    55 

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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  12,  1863. 


CONTENTS. —N°.  102. 

NOTES:— Grandees  of  Spain,  465— A  Letter  of  S.  T.  Cole- 
ridsre,  467  —  Philip  Melanchthon  and  his  Son-in-Law,  468 

—  Early  Surnames,  Ib.  —  "  King  Richard  III. : "    "  Push 
along  —  keep   moving,"   469  —  Text    of  Walter   Scott's 
Novels,  470. 

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"  Works  "  —  The  Ostrich,  an  Emblem  of  Faith  —  The  Sky 
at  Sunset  — Three  of  the  most  Popular  Books  in  England 
in  1594  — Ancient  Humour—  William  Harborne  —  Longe- 
vity of  the  Raven,  &c.  —  Tonson  :  Osborne  —  Knighting  of 
the  Sirloin  — Abbot  Whiting's  Shoeinghorn,  472. 

QUERIES :  —  Capt.  James  Gifford :  Admiral  James  Gifford, 
472  —  Anonymous  —  Theodore  Anspach :  Laing's  "  Travels 
in  South  America  "— IThe  Ammergau  Mystery :  Shakspeare 
and  Plato  — "Life  of  Caesar"  —  "Codex  Vaticanus  "  — 
Danish  and  Norwegian  Heraldry — The  Daft  Highland 

'•  Laird :  Kay's  "  Edinburgh  Portraits  "  —  Old  Damask  Pat- 
terns—De  la  Tour  d'Auvergne  —  Allusion  to  Eloisa  —  Epi- 
taphs—Sir Alexander  Eraser,  &c,,  472. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  Much  Panes :  Banquet  of 
Sweetmeats  —Joanna  Southcott  —  Peter  Manwood :  Roger 
Williams  —  The  Fault-bag  —  Portio :  Pensio  —  History  of 
Fairs  —  Frith-silver  —  Parish  of  St.  Helen's,  Abingdon, 
Berkshire,  476. 

REPLIES :  —  The  Devil,  478  —  Cranmer  Family,  480  —  Titus 
Oates,  —  St.  Teresa's  Autograph:  her  Life,  &c.  — "  Ro- 
bert Robinson"  and  "Cousin  Phillis"  —  Executions  — 
Berry  or  Bury —Derivation  of  "  Pamphlet "  —  Singapore 

—  The  Brothers  of  Mrs.  Hemans  — St.  Mary  of  Egypt  : 
curious  Painting  on  Glass  —  Choak-Jade  at  Newmarket  — 
St.  Mary  Matfelon,  480. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


THE  GRANDEES  OF  SPAIN. 

Many  works  in  Latin,  French,  English,  and 
Spanish,  connected  with  the  history  of  Spain,  give 
us  high  ideas  of  the  power,  riches,  influence,  pride, 
and  arrogance  of  the  Spanish  grandees,  both  in 
ancient  and  modern  times. 

Their  dignity  seems  to  be  as  ancient  as  the 
monarchy  itself,  according  to  the  assertion  of  Sala- 
zar  de  Mendoza  in  his  Origen  de  las  Dignidades 
Seglares  de  Castillo.  (Madrid,  1794).  But  it  was 
principally  in  the  wars  against  the  Saracens  that 
the  higher  nobility,  or  ricos  hombres,  as  they  were 
styled,  rose  into  power  and  independence.  Em- 
barking with  their  sovereign  in  the  same  holy 
cause,  they  considered  themselves  entitled  to  divide 
with  him  the  spolia  opima  of  victory.  They 
erected  numerous  strongholds  (castilla)  for  their 
own  use,  as  well  as  defence.  They  generally  re- 
sided in  them,  surrounded  by  their  vassals  or 
retainers,  who  were  scattered  amidst  the  surround- 
ing towns  and  villages,  many  of  which  were  the 
property  of  the  grandees.  The  lands  belonging 
to  the  Lord  of  Biscay,  which  were  confiscated  by 
Alfonso  XL,  included  more  than  eighty  towns  and 
castles  (Mariana,  Hist,  de  Espana,  torn.  i.  ed. 
Madrid,  1780).  In  the  time  of  Henry  III.,  the 
Grand  Constable  Davalos  could  ride  through 


his  own  estates,  from  Seville  in  the  south,  to  Com- 
postella  in  the  north-west  of  the  kingdom  ;  while 
Alvaro  de  Luna,  the  great  favourite  minister  of 
John  II.,  could  muster,  in  the  days  of  his  almost 
royal  power,  vassals  to  the  number  of  twenty  thou- 
sand !  Their  revenues  were  enormous,  several 
possessing  annual  rentals  amounting  to  fifty  and 
sixty  thousand  ducats,  which  are  equivalent  to 
about  90,4747.  sterling,  the  first ;  and  the  second 
to  about  109,7157. 

Their  rights,  privileges,  and  exemptions  were 
almost  innumerable.  They  claimed  exemption 
from  most  of  the  usual  taxes  ;  they  could  not  be 
imprisoned  for  debt,  nor  subjected  to  torture  for 
criminal  offences.  They  had  the  right  of  appeal- 
ing to  arms  to  decide  their  private  quarrels  ;  they 
claimed  the  privilege,  whenever  they  considered 
themselves  injured  or  affronted  by  their  sovereign, 
of  renouncing  their  allegiance  to  him ;  and  several 
instances  are  recorded  by  Mariana  of  their  ac- 
tually going  over  to  the  Moors,  and  fighting 
against  their  own  king.  In  periods  of  popular 
commotions,  they  frequently  sided  with  the  peo- 
ple ;  while  at  other  times,  the  most  bloody  feuds 
were  carried  on  between  different,  noble  families 
under  circumstances  too  of  peculiar  atrocity,  and 
with  a  spirit  of  hatred  and  vengeance  which  would 
brook  no  interference  on  the  part  even  of  the  crown 
itself. 

These  feuds,  combined  with  the  martial  spirit, 
pride,  independence,  and  power  of  the  nobles 
were  continually  convulsing  the  kingdoms  of  Cas- 
tile and  Aragon.  But  their  pride  and  self-con- 
fidence ultimately  proved  their  ruin. 

The  Aragonese  sovereigns  especially,  many  of 
whom  were  men  of  remarkable  energy  and  firmness, 
made  repeated  efforts  to  reduce  the  authority  of 
the  grandees  within  reasonable  bounds.  Zurita, 
in  his  Anales  de  Aragon,  gives  several  instances 
of  the  successful  exertions  of  Peter  II.  and  James 
the  Conqueror  to  curb  their  pride,  and  strip 
them  of  their  exorbitant  privileges.  In  Castile, 
however,  the  kings  were  not  always  so  fortunate; 
because,  by  their  own  want  of  courage  and  firm- 
ness, by  their  vices  and  prodigality,  or  incapa- 
city for  ruling  their  states,  they  allowed  the 
nobles  and  grandees  to  usurp  the  possessions  of 
the  crown,  and  to  invade  some  of  its  most  sacred 
privileges.  The  disastrous  reigns  of  John  II.  and 
Henry  IV.  afford  sad  proofs  of  this  statement. 
(See  Ayala,  Cronica  de  Castilla,  ed.  Madrid, 
1780.) 

When,  however,  the  crowns  of  Castile  and  Ara- 
gon came  to  be  united  in  the  persons  of  Ferdinand 
and  Isabella  (1469),  the  grandees  were  not  allowed 
to  set  the  royal  authority  at  defiance  with  impu- 
nity. Though  at  the  commencement  of  their 
reign,  frightful  feuds  were  carried  on  between  the 
noble  houses  of  the  Guzmans  and  the  Ponces  de 
Leon ;  yet,  when  Isabella  was  at  length  firmly 


466 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  DEC.  12,  '63. 


seated  on  the  throne,  after  the  decisive  battle  near 
the  walls  of  Toro,  she  exacted  from  many  of  the 
nobles — especially  the  Marquis  of  Cadiz — the  full 
restitution  of  the  domains,  and  royal  fortresses 
•which  had  been  wrested  from  the  crown.  (See 
Prescott's  Ferdinand  and  Isabella,  vol.  i.  p.  255,  ed. 
London,  1849.)  Similar  concessions  were  de- 
manded and  obtained  from  the  Duke  of  Medina 
Sidonia.  Moreover,  "  the  grandees  were  prohi- 
bited from  quartering  the  royal  arms  on  their 
escutcheons,  from  being  attended  by  a  mace- 
bearer  and  a  body  guard,  from  imitating  the  regal 
style  of  address  in  their  written  correspondence, 
and  other  insignia  of  royalty  which  they  had 
arrogantly  assumed"  (ut  supra,  p.  268.) 

It  was  necessary,  however,  to  proceed  with  great 
caution  in  dealing  with  such  a  powerful  and  jeal- 
ous body  as  the  Castilian  aristocracy.  The  Ca- 
tholic sovereigns,  by  little  and  little,  soon  cur- 
tailed the  immense  power  of  the  turbulent  nobility. 
Two  measures  especially  promoted  this  important 
object  to  a  great  extent.  The  first  consisted  in 
making  all  official  appointments  to  posts  of  re- 
sponsibility, depend  more  on  personal  merit  than 
upon  noble  birth  and  rank.  Hence  we  find  that  Fer- 
dinand and  Isabella  often  passed  over  the  grandees 
of  the  court,  and  promoted  individuals  of  humble 
origin,  but  of  commanding  virtues  and  talents, 
to  the  highest  civil  and  ecclesiastical  dignities. 
A  remarkable  instance  of  this  wise  measure  occurs 
in  the  case  of  the  "great  Cardinal  Ximenez,  who, 
though  not  noble  by  birth,  was  elevated  to  the 
archiepiscopal  see  of  Toledo  after  the  death  of 
Cardinal  Mendoza.  This  high  post  had  before 
been  always  filled  by  men  of  rank  and  opulence. 
But  in.  Ximenez,  though  nobility  of  birth  would 
have  been  an  accidental  advantage  to  him,  yet  its 
absence  was  amply  compensated  for  by  the  united 
splendour  of  his  virtue  and  talents. 

The  other  measure  which  the  Catholic  sove- 
reigns adopted  was  the  boldest  of  all,  viz.  that 
by  which  the  nobles  were  compelled  to  contribute 
a  part  of  their  revenues  towards  replenishing  the 
funds  of  the  royal  exchequer,  the  annual  revenues 
of  which,  under  Henry  IV.  amounted  to  no  more 
than  30,000  ducats.  The  retrenchment  seems  to 
have  been  conducted  with  strict  impartiality. 
(See  Crdnica  del  Gran  Cardenal  de  Espana,  cap. 
51,  Toledo,  1625,  por  Seiior  Doctor  de  Salazar  y 
de  Mendoza.) 

The  policy  adopted  by  Ferdinand  and  Isabella, 
in  reference  to  the  military  orders  of  Castile,  also 
tended  to  curtail  the  power  of  the  grandees,  and 
to  centre  it  solely  in  the  sovereigns.  The  subject 
is  fully  discussed  by  Spanish  writers,  and  also  by 
Mr.  Prescott.  The  history  of  the  three  great  mili- 
tary orders  in  the  peninsula  is  exceedingly  interest- 
ing. They  were  composed  of  the  Order  of  Santiago 
of  Compostella,  of  the  Knights  of  Calatrava,  and  of 
the  Order  of  Alcantara.  The  Moorish  wars  gave 


rise  to  their  institution,  though  the  Knights  of 
Santiago  were  originally  intended  to  protect  pil- 
grims from  the  incursions  of  the  Saracens  on  their 
way  to  the  shrine  of  St.  James  at  Compostella,  in 
Galicia.  Theseordersgraduallybecamesorich  and 
so  powerful,  that,  in  the  time  of  Ferdinand  and  Isa- 
bella, the  rents  of  the  Mastership  of  Santiago 
amounted  to  60,000  ducats,  those  of  Calatrava  to 
45,000,  and  those  of  Alcantara  to  about  40,000 ; 
while,  at  the  same  time,  there  was  hardly  a  district 
or  province  which  was  not  covered  with  their 
castles  and  religious  houses.  Hence  the  possessors 
of  the  "  Grand  Masterships,"  from  the  extensive 
patronage  and  the  authority  which  they  obtained, 
were  raised  almost  to  the  level  of  royalty  itself. 

Isabella,  by  the  assistance  of  the  Pope,  gra- 
dually managed  to  have  the  control  of  these 
military  orders  vested  in  herself  and  her  consort, 
who  were  thereby  enabled  to  reform  the  various 
abuses  which  had  impaired  their  ancient  disci- 
pline. Afterwards,  the  affairs  of  these  orders  were 
conducted  by  a  tribunal  called  the  "  Council  of 
Orders,"  which  took  cognizance  of  all  their  tem- 
poral and  ecclesiastical  concerns. 

Charles  V.  reduced  the  number  of  grandees  to 
sixteen  families,  viz.  Medina-Sidonia,  Albuquer- 
que, Escalona,  Infantado,  Naxera,  Alva,  Arcos, 
Bejar,  Medina  del  Rio-Seco,  Frias,  Astorga, 
Aquilar,  Benevente,  Lernos,  and  the  Dukes  of 
Segorba  and  Montalto.  (See  Dunlop's  Memoirs  of 
Spain  during  the  Reigns  of  Philip  IV.  and  Charles 
II.  vol.  ii.  p.  378,  ed.  Edinburgh,  1834.)  Every 
noble  was  not  necessarily  a  grandee.  Grandees 
of  the  "  first  class "  were  elevated  far  above  the 
rest  of  the  nobility,  by  their  ancient  privilege  of 
remaining  covered  in  presence  of  their  sovereign. 
This  was  the  most  prized  of  all  their  privileges. 
Those,  however,  who  possessed  it  were  divided  into 
three  classes  :  1.  Grandees,  who  covered  them- 
selves at  once,  before  addressing  the  king;  2. 
Grandees,  who  covered  themselves  after  they  had 
spoken,  but  before  they  received  their  answer ; 
3.  Grandees,  who  were  only  permitted  to  cover 
when  they  had  made  their  last  obeisance,  and 
mingled  with  the  crowd  of  courtiers.  Their 
titles  might  be  Duke,  Marquis,  or  Count ;  but  a 
grandee  always  bore  the  ducal  coronet,  and  was 
addressed  by  the  appellation  of  Excellencia.  The 
same  privileges  are  still  enjoyed  by  certain  gran- 
dees in  the  court  of  her  Catholic  Majesty,  Isa- 
bella II. 

I  believe  that  the  title  of  Duque  necessarily 
implies  "  grandeeship,"  but  it  by  no  means  fol- 
lows that  every  grandee  is  a  duke  The  rank 
of  a  grandee  is  conferred  by  the  sovereign  ad- 
dressing the  individual  with  the  word  cubraos, 
"  cover  yourself."  Hence  the  dignity,  as  in  the 
case  of  a  cardinal,  is  called  a  hat.  It  was  (and 
no  doubt  is  still)  the  ambition  of  many  gran- 
dees, to  unite  in  themselves  as  many  grandee- 


S"»  S.  IV.  DEC.  12,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


467 


ships  as  possible,  by  the  marriage  of  heiresses, 
&c. ;  for  dignities  descend  through  females,  ad  in- 
finitum,  and  the  names  and  titles  are  assumed  by 
the  husbands,  who  take  great  pride  in  having 
"  four  or  five  hats."  Each  hat  brings  with  it  a 
whole  string  of  family  names,  whence  comes  the 
amusing  story  of  a  benighted  grandee,  who 
knocked  at  a  lonely  inn ;  and  being  asked  the 
usual  question — "  Quien  es  ?  ("  Who  is  there  ?") 
replied,  "  Don  Diego  de  Mendoza  Silva  Ribera 
Guzman  Pimental  Osorio  Ponce  de  Leon  Zuniga, 
Acuna  Tellez  y  Giron,SandovalyR,oxas,Velasco." 
"  In  that  case,"  interrupted  the  landlord,  shutting 
his  window,  "  go  with  God  ;  there  is  not  room  for 
half  of  you."  (See  an  article  in  the  Quarterly, 
No.  cxxiii.  entitled  "  Spanish  Genealogy  and  He- 
raldry." It  is  there  that  Mr.  Ford,  who  evidently 
wrote  the  article,  mentions  this  story.) 

Spanish  heralds  classify  blond,  like  we  do  Ad- 
mirals, into  red  and  blue.  Simple  blood  is  the 
vulgar  blood  of  the  base-born  plebeian ;  but  red 
blood  is  the  noble  fluid  which  is  found  only  in  the 
veins  of  the  hidalgo  ;  while  the  sangre  azul,  the 
blue  blood,  par  excellence,  flows  only  in  a  grandee 
of  the  first  class !  The  least  mixture  of  Moorish 
or  Jewish  blood  is  supposed  to  taint  a  whole 
family  to  the  most  distant  generations.  A  person 
free  from  tainted  blood  is  defined  by  law  Chris- 
tiana vie  jo,  limpio  de  toda  mala  raza  y  mancha, 
"  An  old  Christian,  clean  from  all  bad  race  and 
stain."  (Doblado's  Letters  from  Spain,  Letter  II. 
London,  1822.)  It  is,  however,  quite  true  that 
many  of  the  Spanish  grandees  derive  a  large 
portion  of  their  blood  both  from  Moors  and  Jews. 

Jn  the  sixteenth  and  seventeenth  centuries  the 
wealth  of  the  grandees  was  almost  fabulous. 
Most  of  their  families  were  connected  with  indi- 
viduals who  were  or  had  been  viceroys  in  Mexico 
or  Peru,  and  hence  enormous  quantities  of  gold 
and  silver  plate  were  exhibited  on  their  side- 
boards on  grand  occasions.  Some  grandees,  it  is 
said,  possessed  1200  dozen  of  silver  dishes,  and  as 
many  plates  ;  indeed,  a  nobleman  was  considered  to 
be  poorly  provided,  who  had  not  at  least  800 
dozen  of  dishes,  and  200  dozen  of  silver  plates  ! 
(Dunlop's  Memoirs  of  the  Court  of  Spain,  vol.  ii. 
p.  381).  The  pride  and  indolence  of  many  of  the 
grandees  were  almost  as  proverbial  as  their  opu- 
lence. Lady  Fanshawe,  in  her  Memoirs  (ed. 
London,  1830,  p.  168),  gives  a  curious  instance  of 
the  former  in  the  following  account :  — 

"  That  afternoon  the  Duke  of  Albuquerque  came  to  visit 
my  husband,  and  afterwards  me,  with  his  brother,  Don 
Melchor  de  la  Cueva.  As  soon  as  the  duke  was  seated 
and  covered,  he  said :  '  Madam,  I  am  Don  Juan  de  la 
Cueva,  Duke  of  Albuquerque,  Viceroy  of  Milan,  of  His 
Majesty's  Privy  Council,  General  of  the  Galleys,  twice 
Grandee,  the  "first  Gentleman  of  His  Majesty's  Bed- 
chamber, and  a  near  kinsman  to  His  Cathblic'Majesty, 
whom  God  long  preserve  !  '  and  then  rising  up,  and  mak- 
ing me  a  low  reverence,  with  his  hat  off,  he  said — '  These, 


with  my  life  and  family,  I  lay  at  vour  Excellency's 
feet.' " 

Most  of  the  grandees  of  the  present  day  reside 
at  Madrid.  A  great  improvement  has  taken  place 
amongst  them,  both  as  regards  their  piety,  literary 
pursuits,  loyalty,  and  love  for  their  country's  wel- 
fare. J.  D ALTON. 

Norwich. 


A  LETTER  OF  S.  T.  COLERIDGE. 

"  N.  &  Q."  is  the  new  Foundling  Hospital  for 
Wit ;  the  receptacle,  not  only  of  original  articles, 
but  of  literary  waifs  and  strays  of  every  kind — 
an  universal  anonymiana,  scrapiana,  omniana,  and 
de-quibusdam-rebus-ana.  Here  are  garnered  fly- 
leaf scribblings  and  marginalia  of  old-world  book- 
lovers,  unpublished  (why  do  people  say  "  un- 
edited," which  ought  to  mean,  if  English  at  all, 
quite  a  different  thing  ?)  letters  of  eminent  men, 
and  their  forgotten  anecdotes,  "  deedes,  and 
gestes."  Here,  too,  are  appropriately  localised, 
as  it  were,  matters  of  interest  and  importance  to 
literary  men,  which,  although  actually  in  print, 
are  buried  in  scarce,  forgotten,  ephemeral,  or 
purely  local  publications  unknown  or  inaccessible, 
and  to  which  reference  neither  could  nor  would  be 
made ;  while,  on  the  other  hand,  no  future  editor 
or  biographer  will  consider  his  duty  performed 
till  he  has  searched  the  Index  of  "  N.  &  Q."  for 
anything  that  may  give  value  and  completeness  to 
his  own  labours. 

Thus  it  is  that  I  have  thought  fit  to  transcribe 
a  most  interesting  letter  of  S.  T.  Coleridge,  which, 
so  far  as  I  know,  has  only  appeared  in  a  defunct 
local  periodical — The  Birmingham  Iris  and  Mid- 
land Counties  Monthly  Magazine  for  April  1839. 
This  magazine  —  one  of  the  thousand-and-one 
abortive  attempts  to  establish  a  local  literary 
periodical  in  this  town — was  set  on  foot  by  Mr.  T. 
J.  Ouseley,  then  resident  here  as  editor  of  a 
local  newspaper,  but  became  extinct  after  a  strug- 
gling existence  of  four  months.  The  letter,  ad- 
dressed to  the  editor  himself  (?),  conveys  its  own 
history,  and  is  as  follows :  — 

"2nd  September,  1826. 

"  Oh  it  is  sad,  Sir,  to  know  distress,  and  to  feel  lor  it, 
and  yet  to  have  no  power  of  remedy.  Conscious  that  my 
circumstances  have  neither  been  the  penalty  of  sloth, 
nor  of  extravagance,  or  vicious  habits,  but  have  re- 
sulted from  the  refusal,  since  earliest  manhood,  to  sacri- 
fice my  conscience  to  my  temporal  interest,  and  from  a 
practice  of  writing  what  my  fellow  citizens  want,  rather 
than  what  they  like,  I  suffer  no  pang  of  shame,  in  avow- 
ing to  you  that  I  do  not  possess  as  many  shillings  as  you 
mention  pounds :  and  that  if  I  were  arrested  for  a  debt  of 
eight  sovereigns,  I  have  no  other  means  of  procuring  the 
money  but  by  the  sale  of  my  books,  —  that  are  to  me  the 
staff  of  life.  The  whole  of  my  yearly  income  does  not 
amount  to  the  prime  cost  of  my  necessaiy  maintenance, — 
clothes,  shelter,  food,  and  medicine ;  the  rest  I  owe  to  the 
more  than  brotherly  regard  of  my  disinterested  friend, 
Mr.  Gillman ;  to  whose  medical  skill  I  owe  it,  under  God, 


468 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  IV.  DEC.  12,  '63. 


that  I  am  alive;  and  to  whose,  and  his  amiable  wife's 
unceasing  kindness,  I  am  indebted  for  all  that  makes  life 
endurable.  Even  when  my  health  is  at  the  best,  I  can 
only  exert  myself  for  a  few  hours  in  the  twenty-four,  and 
these  I  conscientiously  devote  to  the  completion  of  the 
great  works,  in  the  matter  and  composition  of  which,  I 
have  employed  the  last  twenty  years  of  a  laborious  life — 
if  hard  thinking  and  hard  reading  constitute  labour.  But 
for  the  last  six  months  such  has  been  the  languor  and 
debility  of  my  frame — languor  alternating  with  severe 
pain,  that  I  have  not  been  able  to  maintain  the  scanty 
correspondence  with  the  few  friends  I  possess.  By  publi- 
cations I,  or  rather  two  or  three  generous  friends,  have 
lost  about  300/. ;  for  I  cannot,  at  least  will  not,  write  in  re- 
views ;  and  what  I  can  write,  the  public  will  not  read. 
So  that  I  have,  no  connection  with  any  magazine,  paper, 
or  periodical  publication  of  any  kind;  nor  have  I  had 
interest  enough  to  procure,  in  any  review  or  journal,  even 
the  announcement  of  my  last  work — the  'Aids  to  Re- 
flection.' I  neither  live  for  the  world  nor  in  the  world. 

"I  read  your  poem  not  without  pleasure,  or  what  would 
have  been  pleasure,  could  I  have  detached  the  lines  from 
the  distress  of  their  writer.  My  utter  want  of  access  to 
all  the  editors  of  magazines,  and  of  influence  with  the 
London  publishers,  will  explain  my  remitting  them  to 
you,  together  with  your  letter,  which  no  eyes  but  mine 
nave  seen  since  its  receipt ;  and  with  most  sincere  wishes 
that  the  occasion  of  this  correspondence  may  be  of  short 
continuance,  and  that  I  may,  without  knowing  it,  here- 
after meet  you  more  than  a  conqueror  over  your  present 
perplexity,  I  remain,  Sir,  with  every  kind  wish,  and  dis- 
tressed that  I  have  that  only  to  offer, 

"  Tours  respectfully, 

"  S.  T.  COLERIDGE." 

WILLIAM  BATES. 

Edgbaston. 


PHILIP  MELANCHTHON  AND  HIS  SON-IN-LAW. 

A  notice  of  a  literary  curiosity  of  some  interest 
may  not  be  unacceptable  to  the  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  It  is  the  first  edition  of  the  poems  of 
George  Sabine,  the  son-in-law  of  Philip  Melan- 
chthon, in  whose  possession  it  had  been,  and  who 
seems  to  have  carefully  perused  it. 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  the  title  :  — 
"  Georgii  Sabini  Brandeburgensis  Elegiae,  argumentis 
utiles  ac  variae,  et  carminibus  elegaritibus  compositae,  et 
nunc  primum  conjunctim  expresses.    Lipsise,  in  officina 
Valentini  Papae.     Anno  MDL." 

On  the  title-page  is  written  in  the  distinct  hand 
of  Melanchthon  — 
"  Sabinus  Philippi  Melan.  gener  factus,  anno  c.  1536." 

This  was  evidently  written  shortly  after  the  pub- 
lication ;  and  at  a  later  period  there  was  added  — 
"  Qni  postea  semper  ad  magnas  dignitates  et  opes  as- 
pirare  ccepit,  donee  a  socero  per  discidium  separatus  in 
Borussiam  ad  Academiam  venit.  Socer  non  aegre  ferebat 
ejus  insolentiam  ut  qui  semper  humilitatem  amare  et  sec- 
tari  solebat.  $.  M." 

It  bears  evidence  of  Melanchthon's  anxious  re- 
vision, and  is  full  of  his  autograph  notanda. 
There  is  bound  up  with  it  "Declamatiunculacum 
carmine  elegiaco  et  Sapphico  de  salutifera  nativitate 
servatoris  ac  domini  nostri  lesu  Christi.  Autore 


Georgio  Mylio."  It  is  dedicated  to  Augustus, 
Duke  of  Saxony.  This  also  had  belonged  to 
Melanchthon,  as  it  contains  very  many  notes  in  his 
handwriting.  Both  these  works  are  beautiful 
copies,  but  they  had  been  bound  after  leaving  the 
possession  of  the  original  owner,  and  the  careless 
binder  had  slightly  cut  in  some  places  the  margin, 
and  thus  injured  partially  some  of  the  notes. 

Bayle,  in  a  note  on  the  life  of  Melanchthon,  men- 
tions his  daughter's  marriage  to  Sabinus ;  and 
after  eulogising  the  poetry  of  the  latter,  reveals 
the  heart-burnings  between  the  son-in-law  and 
the  father,  arising  out  of  Melanchthon  declining  in 
any  way  to  assist  him  in  his  ambitious  views. 
This  family  discord  is  singularly  confirmed  by  the 
autograph  statement  of  Melanchthon  in  the  very 
remarkable  note  which  he  has  written  on  the  title 
of  the  poems. 

Sabinus's  wife,  Anne,  died  at  Konigsberg  in 
1547 ;  Sabinus  died  in  1560,  the  same  year  with 
his  father-in-law.  His  wife  was  but  fourteen 
when  he  married  her  at  Wittenberg,  Nov.  16, 1536. 
She  was  an  excellent  Latin  scholar,  and  very 
beautiful.  His  only  sister  married  Gaspar  Peucer 
in  1550.  Of  Melanchthon's  genuine  piety  and 
amiable  disposition,  Bayle  has  this  anecdote.  A 
gentleman  one  day  found  Melancthon  with  a  book 
in  one  hand,  and  rocking  a  child  with  the  other. 
Observing  the  surprise  of  his  visitor,  this  excel- 
lent man  discoursed  so  piously  on  the  duties  of 
parents  that  the  stranger  went  away  deeply  im- 
pressed by  what  he  saw  and  heard.  J.  M. 


EARLY  SURNAMES, 
pro.  iv.] 

The  subjoined  surnames  are  to  be  met  with  in 
the  Court  Rolls  of  the  Manor  of  Gillingham,  Dor- 
set, now  in  the  possession  of  the  Marquis  of 
Westminster.  These  records  form  a  very  fine  and 
almost  unbroken  series  between  the  years  1290 
and  1690,  and  are  about  400  or  500  in  number. 
In  selecting  the  following  specimens  of  curious 
nomenclature,  most  of  which  do  not  appear  in 
Mr.  Lower's  standard  treatise,  it  has  been  deemed 
unnecessary  to  give  more  than  the  reign  in  which 
the  names  occur,  in'order  to  avoid  a  complication 
of  figures :  — 

Edw.  I. — Amicia  Godesengel,  Gilbert  le  Snake, 
Joh.  de  Cruce  (Cross  is  a  modern  Dorset  name), 
Anastasia  Scoketil  or  Skoketil,  John  le  Gly  were,  Ni- 
cholas, son  of  William  le  Eorl ;  Peter  le  Cheyndut, 
William  Wlechwater,  John  le  Vilur,  John  Pley- 
stret,  Walter  Gompe,  Thomas  le  Melkere,  Richard 
le  Packere,  John  and  William  le  Coyt,  Hugh  le 
Pipe,  Robert  le  Wulfische,  Roger  le  Gandere, 
Robt.  le  Gentil,  Hen.  le  Dykere,  Rog.  le  Ghonge, 
John  Fughelere,  Will  le  But,  Hen.  le  Sope,  Thos. 
:e  Vox  (Fox  occurs  further  on  in  the  rolls),  Walt. 


3^  S.  IV.  DEC.  12,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


469 


le  Ermite,  Hie.  Schaunk,  Matilda  le  Swones,  Wm. 
le  Machun,  John  Dogerel  of  Wincanton,  Somer- 
set (there  are  Dogerels  even  yet  at  Gillingham)  ; 
Thos.  Blikenin,  Hugh  le  Yrays  (Irish  still  exists 
in  the  county),  Thomas  Strikemeche,  Wm.  Lote- 
rype,  Joh.  Blakyernstak,  Roger  le  Swynheler  (a 
pig  doctor  ?),  Walter  Shepeshened,  Constantia  le 
Balleres,  Christina  la  Lormineres,  Ric.  le  Nor- 
therne,  John  Tougud  (Too-good),  Ric.  le  Wym- 
plere,  William  Bakerman,  William  le  Priche, 
Adam  le  Pope,  Benedict  de  Piro,  Joh.  Charen- 
chons. 

Edw.  II.— Hen.  le  Sop'er,  Godwin  Gulofr,  Thos. 
le  Deer,  Peter  Damegoude,  Hen.  le  Cholomr,  Thos. 
le  Hopere  of  Byndon,  Wm.  Levelief,  John  Lyte- 
grey,  Thomas  le  Somenour ;  Adams,  son  of  John 
Fynybird,  Wm.  Musket,  Wm.  Makepays,  Alice 
Tredegold,  John  Metegod,  John  fil  John  Atte 
Botline,  Alice  Faderes,  Robt.  Hyldebrond,  Thomas 
le  Smeremonger  (smeremonger  means  a  seller  of 
butter,  oil,  cheese,  &c.),  John  le  Porkere,  Ric.  le 
Saghiere  (sawyer  ?),  Thomas  Boderstak. 

Edw.  III. — Thomas  le  Oxenhurde  (Cowhurd 
occurs  in  these  rolls),  Roger  Melksopp,  Joh.  le 
Lord,  Ric.  fil  Ric.  le  Halte,  Walter  Toulth,  Steph.  le 
Weytere,  Mich,  le  Pleire,  Agnes  Faderfadul,  John 
Twentimark,  Robt.  Schermtail,  Thomas  le  Hosti- 
ler,  Joh.  le  Taverner,  Wm.  Hyllary,  Edith  Fayr- 
place,  Joh.  Peccator,  Roger  Holylond,  Joh.  le 
Threscher,  Joh.  Bakhous,  Robt.  le  Sunyere,  Wm. 
Wellifedde,  Ric.  le  Bolte,  Robt.  le  Senyoghere 
(senior?),  Walter  Pylewyne,  John  Chacebal, 
Roger  le  Hoy,  Roger  Porcheman,  Richard  Cuke- 
man,  William  Broketouth,  Joh.  de  Culverhous, 
Wm.  Mureweder,  Walter  Lugg,  Margery  Alte 
Wodesend  (local  in  Gillinham),  Walter  Peny- 
strong,  Thos.  Reynaldyn,  Thomas  Sureman,  John 
Springalday,  John  Verkeday,  John  Bonswayn, 
John  Goldwegg,  Joh.  le  Threscher. 

Rich.  II.  —  Ric.  Workman,  Joh.  le  Man,  John 
Doo  or  Do,  Joh.  Canyngmerch,  Joh.  Sleywroghte, 
Geoffry  Knappecalte,  Joh.  Goldhoppe,  Ric.  North- 
most,  Robert  Dogg,  Alice  and  Robt.  Bryghtnet, 
Joh.  Sexteyn,  Nic  Spelemaker,  Joh.  Kullepeke, 
John  Aquebagelus  (aquce-bajulus,  water  carrier  ?), 
Thomas  Gondsgrom. 

Hen.  IV. — Joh.  Hogeman,  Wm.  Goldreve. 

Hen.  V. — Job.  Cutberd,  Hugh  Proteman. 

Hen.  VI. — Simon  de  Peterespeny,  Thomas  Tu- 
berer,  John  Homer,  Jane,  wife  of  Thomas  Dawe 
("  a  common  scold,  and  disturber  of  the  peace.") 

Edw.  IV.— Joh:  Dur  ("  native  of  the  Abbot  of 
Middleton  "),  John  Spedehome. 

Hen.  VIII.— Thomas  Honyball. 

It  will  be  observed  that  the  more  peculiar  sur- 
names become  very  much  rarer  after  Edward  III. 
until  they  are  almost  lost,  comparatively  speaking, 
in  the  days  of  the  later  Henries.  y.  V. 


"KING  RICHARD  III.:"    "PUSH  ALONG— KEEP 
MOVING." 

In  the  good  old  city  of  Durham  some  forty-five 
years  ngo  there  was  a  favourite  comedian,  whose  so- 
briquet of  "  Push  along — Keep  moving  "  had  been 
acquired  by  his  habit  of  singing  that  then  popular 
song  on  all  possible  occasions.  It  chanced  that 
towards  the  end  of  a  theatrical  season  the  actor 
was  waited  upon  by  some  of  the  merry  "  wags  of 
Durham,"  who  promised  him  a  bumper  if  he  would 
play  Richard  at  his  approaching  "  benefit."  (These 
were  the  same  "  wags "  who  so  strongly  insisted 
that  the  "  monody  on  the  burial  of  Sir  John 
Moore"  was  written  by  Dr.  Marshall  of  Dur- 
ham.) After  some  misgivings  and  demurs,  the 
actor,  who  really  was  a  worthy  obliging  fellow, 
consented  for  that  particular  occasion  to  exchange 
the  sock  for  the  buskin.  The  eventful  night  at 
length  arrived,  and  the  little  theatre  was  crammed 
from  floor  to  ceiling  by  an  audience  impatient  for 
the  fun.  On  the  rising  of  the  curtain,  Gloucester 
was  so  bewildered  by  the  unusual  compliments 
which  greeted  him,  that  he  for  some  minutes 
stood  with  rolling  eyes,  and  open  mouth,  quite 
unable  to  comply  with  a  request  from  the  "wags" 
in  the  pit,  to  "  leave  off  his  damnable  faces  and 
begin,"  or  of  one  from  "  the  gods,"  to  "  push  along 
— keep  moving,"  At  length,  by  a  frantic  effort 
"  to  do  or  die,"  he  look  up  to  the  ceiling,  waived 
his  arms  affectedly,  and  shouted  "Now  is  the 
winter,"  &c.  in  tones  so  sepulchral,  and  style  so 
absurdly  bombastic,  that  his  hearers  actually 
roared  again ;  and,  until  his  death  on  the  stage,  to 
display  his  swordmanship,  such  a  "  Richard  "  was 
"  in  the  field  "  as  would  have  greatly  astonished 
the  shade  of  Shakspeare  had  it  been  present. 
Richard,  poor  fellow,  fought  well,  but  Richmond 
was  too  much  for  him ;  and  he  was  killed,  and 
about  to  be  taken  away  to  be  buried  prematurely, 
when,  on  a  simultaneous  demand  by  pit,  boxes, 
and  gallery  for  "  Push  along — keep  moving,"  up 
jumped  the  dead  monarch,  and  gave  the  song  in 
his  best  style.  Having  accomplished  this  astound- 
ing feat,  he  very  gravely  lay  down  again,  stiffened 
his  limbs,  and  was  carried  off  feet  foremost  amid  a 
demonstration  of  approval  which  threatened  the 
safety  of  the  house.  There  was  a  great  attempt 
to  encore  this  "  sensation "  scene,  but  the  actor 
was  only  too  glad  to  escape  by  making  the  bearers 
"  push  along — keep  moving  "  until  he  was  seen 
no  more.  The  actor,  now  a  veteran  artist  of  no 
mean  note,  is  still  alive,  and  is  wont  to  amuse  his 
friends  at  social  gatherings  with  the  story  of  Richard 
III.  and  "Push  along  —  keep  moving;"  but  I 
never  could  learn  if  his  Richard  was  a  serious  or 
a  comic  effort. 


R.  W.  DIXON. 


Seaton-Carew,  co.  Durham. 


470 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  DEC.  12,  '63. 


TEXT  OF  WALTER  SCOTT'S  NOVELS. 

I  have  been  from  boyhood  a  reader  of  these 
works,  and  I  look  upon  any  tampering  with  the 
text  as  a  literary  offence  of  serious  character. 
Before  proceeding  to  point  out  one,  of  a  very 
aggravated  kind,  I  will  state  an  anecdote  told  me 
by  Dr.  Lardner  at  the  time  when  it  happened. 

As  soon  as  the  "  History  of  Scotland "  appeared 
in  the  Cabinet  Cyclopaedia,  Mr.  Lockhart  called 
on  Dr.  Lardner,  the  editor,  in  somewhat  of  a 
fume.  He  pointed  out  Scotticisms,  solecisms,  &c., 
and  asked  how  they  could  possibly  have  been 
allowed  to  pass.  "  Why,  what  could  I  do  ?  "  said 
Lardner.  "  Do  ! "  returned  Lockhart,  "  alter  them, 
to  be  sure ! "  "  Alter  Scott's  writing ! "  said  Lard- 
ner ;  "  I  should  never  have  thought  of  taking  such 
a  liberty ! "  "  We  always  do  it,"  replied  Lock- 
hart  ;  "  Scott  is  the  most  careless  fellow  in  the 
world,  and  we  look  at  all  his  proofs." 

This  was  all  very  well,  as  long  as  Scott  was 
alive  to  sanction  the  alterations.  A  search  through 
editions,  will  ascertain  whether  what  follows  was 
permitted  by  him :  if  so,  his  right  hand  had  for- 
gotten its  cunning ;  if  not,  tbere  is  proof  of  med- 
dling not  guided  by  knowledge.  I  think  it  not 
improbable  that  a  practice  tolerated  during  Scott's 
life  may  have  been  continued,  after  his  death,  in 
a  mode  to  which  writers  in  general  would  not 
have  been  subjected. 

In  the  Antiquary,  as  all  know  or  ought  to  know, 
Mr.  Dousterswivel  attempts  an  astrological  dis- 
covery of  hidden  treasure.  He  writes  on  a  silver 
plate :  "  Schedbarschemoth  Schartachan,  dat  is, 
de  Intelligence  of  the  Intelligence  of  de  Moon ; 
and  I  make  his  picture  like  a  flying  serpent,  with 
a  turkey-cock's  head."  In  the  first  edition  (1816) 
it  was  "  Intelligency  of  the  Intelligence :"  this 
was  soon  altered,  as  above.  In  all  the  recent 
editions,  it  is  altered  into  "  Emblem  of  the  Intelli- 
gence ;"  in  which  are  two  gross  blunders.  First, 
the  flying  serpent  is  made  to  be  the  picture  of  an 
emblem.  Secondly,  Scott's  accurate  transcript 
from  Cornelius  Agrippa  is  defaced.  If  there  be 
anything  which  is  more  visible  than  another  in 
old  magic  and  alchemy,  it  is  the  tendency  to  re- 
duplication of  terms  :  the  predecessor  of  this  very 
"  Intelligence  of  Intelligence,"  in  Agrippa,  is  the 
demon  of  the  demons.  See  my  "  Budget  of 
Paradoxes,"  No.  II.,  Athenaeum,  No.  1877,  Oct. 
17,  1863. 

Scott  aimed  at  correctness  in  his  accounts  of 
old  demonology,  &c.  ;  and  he  read  largely  on  the 
subject.  There  can  be  no  greater  offence  against 
his  text,  than  to  bungle  it  into  inaccuracy  on 
points  of  magic.  I  do  not  know  how  far  license 
may  have  been  extended;  but  I  should  hope  that 
the  next  edition  of  the  novels  will  be  carefully 
read  with  the  originals.  If  the  anecdote  which  I 
heard  be  correct — and  Lardner's  astonishment  at 


the  proposal  that  he  should  alter  W alter  Scott 
was  hardly  out  of  his  face  when  he  told  me  of  it 
a  few  hours  after  —  even  the  alterations  made 
during  Scott's  life  should  be  looked  at  with  sus- 
picion. For  he  may  have  left  more  to  his  son-in- 
law  than  he  intended.  A.  DE  MORGAN. 


NEW  EDITION  OF  BISHOP  BERKELEY'S  "  WORKS." 
I  beg  to  inform  you  that  a  new  edition  of  Bishop 
Berkeley's  Works  has  been  undertaken  by  Pro- 
fessor Fraser  of  Edinburgh,  for  the  delegates  of 
the  Oxford  Clarendon  Press.  Professor  Fraser 
will  have  access  to  important  unpublished  MSS., 
including  the  Bishop's  Commonplace  Book,  and 
other  matter  in  possession  of  the  Rev.  H.  J.  Rose. 
It  will  much  enhance  the  value  of  this  edition,  if 
those  of  your  readers  who  are  in  possession  of 
biographical  facts,  letters,  or  important  annotated 
editions,  or  any  unpublished  works  of  Berkeley, 
not  hitherto  included  in  collected  editions,  will 
communicate  to  the  editor,  Professor  Fraser,  12, 
Rutland  Street,  Edinburgh,  or  to  me. 

ALEXANDER  MACMILLAN, 
Publisher  to  the  University  of  Oxford. 
23,  Henrietta  Street,  Covent  Garden. 

THE  OSTRICH,  AN  EMBLEM  OF  FAITH.  — 
"From  the  drum  of  the  cupola  hangs  an  elegant  brass 
coronal,  and  from  this  are  suspended  silver  lamps,  small 
Byzantine  pictures,  and  ostrich  eggs,  which  are  said  to 
symbolise  faith  according  to  a  strange  but  beautiful  fable, 
that  the  ostrich  hatches  its  eggs  by  gazing  steadfastly  at 
them." — H.F.  Tozer's  Visit  to  Mount  Athos:  Vacation 
Tourists,  p.  103. 

E.  H.  A. 

THE  SKY  AT  SUNSET.  —  I  have  frequently 
noticed  at  sunset  that  the  sky,  though  blue,  and 
perhaps  intensely  blue  elsewhere,  yet,  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood of  the  setting  sun,  and  for  some  degrees 
above  the  horizon,  becomes  of  a  cold,  but  very 
delicate  greyish  white,  or  silvery  grey,  the  cold- 
ness being,  however,  in  parts  either  warmed,  or 
brightened,  up  by  a  pink  or  yellow  tinge.  What 
is  the  cause  of  this  change  of  colour?  Is  it,  per- 
haps, that  theyelloiv  and  red  rays  from  the  setting 
sun  falling  upon  the  blue  of  the  sky,  combine  with 
it  and  form  a  sort  of  white  ?  *  At  all  events,  it  is 
only  where  the  rays  of  the  setting  sun  fall  that 
the  sky  becomes  thus  pallid,  and  small  clouds 
underlying  this  changed  sky  may  be  seen  tinged 
red,  yellow,  orange,  or  salmon-colour.  No  doubt 
most  of  your  readers  have  noticed  the  fact,  _  and 
many,  perhaps,  may  suggest  a  better  explanation. 

F.  CHANCE. 

THREE  OF  THE  MOST  POPULAR  BOOKS  IN  ENG- 
LAND IN  1594.  —  Looking  through  Bishop  King's 


*  The  pink  or  yellow  tinge  would  thus  arise  from  an 
excess  of  red  or  yellow  rays. 


S.  IV.  DEC.  12,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


471 


Lectures  on  Jonas,  delivered  in  York  in  1594,  I 
came  across  the  following  passage,  which,  if  not 
quoted  before,  may  prove  interesting  to  some  of 
the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  In  Lecture  xxvn. 
(p.  355,  ed.  1597,)  he  says :  — 

"  And  it  may  be  the  sin  of  Samaria,  the  sin  of  this 
land  and  age  of  ours  (perhaps  the  mother  of  our  atheism) 
to  commit  idolatry  with  such  books ;  that,  instead  of  the 
writings  of  Moses,  and  the  Prophets  and  Evangelists, 
which  were  wont  to  lie  in  our  windows  as  the  principal 
ornaments,  and  to  sit  in  the  uppermost  rooms  as  the  best 
guests  in  our  houses,  now  we  have  Arcadia,  and  the 
Faery  Queen,  and  Orlando  Furioso." 

BENJ.  EAST. 

ANCIENT  HUMOUR. — I  send  you  the  accompany- 
ing specimen  of  ancient  humour,  as  a  subject  oc- 
casionally introduced  into  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
It  is  taken  from  Parkhurst's  Lexicon,  on  the  word 

XAcupos  — 

"  Laertius  relates  that  Diogenes,  the  Cynic,  being  asked, 
Atari  Tb  xpvffiov  yXuip&v  Iffriv  — '  Why  gold  looked 
pale  ? '  answered, '  Because-it  had  so  many  people  lying 
in  wait  for  it.'  " 

FRANCIS  TRENCH. 

Islip,  Oxford. 

WILLIAM  HARBORNE. — Our  first  ambassador  to 
Turkey,  who  set  free  the  English  captives,  and 
opened  to  his  countrymen  the  passage  into  the 
Red  Sea  and  the  Euphrates,  ought  to  have  founol 
a  place  in  our  biographical  dictionaries. 

William  Harborne  appears  to  have  been  a 
native  of  Great  Yarmouth,  and  was  probably  the 
son  of  a  person  of  the  same  name  who  was  one 
of  the  bailiffs  of  that  town  in  1556.  He  himself 
was  one  of  the  bailiffs  in  1572.  In  1575  he  was 
elected  a  burgess  in  parliament  for  that  place  in 
the  room  of  John  Bacon,  deceased ;  but  by  a 
very  irregular  proceeding  his  election  was  re- 
scinded, and  Edward  Bacon  was  returned. 

It  is  said  that,  in  1579,  he  and  Mustapha  Beg, 
a  Turkish  bassa,  concluded  a  treaty  of  commerce 
between  England  and  Turkey. 

He  was  appointed  the  queen's  ambassador  to 
Turkey  Nov.  20,  1582,  and  took  his  departure 
from  Constantinople  Aug.  3,  1588.  On  his  re- 
turn to  England,  he  settled  at  Mundham,  in 
Norfolk.  Dying  Sept.  9,  1617,  he  was  buried  at 
that  place,  where  there  is  a  monument  to  his 
memory,  whereon  are  these  lines  :  — 

"  Reader,  the  dust  inclos'd  beneath  this  pile, 
A  lite  unspotted  liv'd,  devoid  of  ev'ry  guile. 
Plain  in  his  manners,  sincere  to  his  friend, 
A  pattern  of  virtue  with  honesty  combin'd, 
Shewn  thro'  e'ery  action  while  here  on  earth, 
'Till  unerring  fate  had  stopt  his  breath." 

The  materials  for  his  biography  appear  to  be 
considerable.  We  may  refer  to  Nash's  "  Lenten 
Stuffe"  (Harl.  Miscell.  ed.  Park,  vi.  156,  167); 
Hackman's  Cat.  of  Tanner  MSS.,  950,  1107, 
col.  3  ;  Had.  MS.  6993,  art.  2 ;  Lansd.  MS.  42, 
art.  15  ;  57,  art.  23  ;  61,  art.  32  ;  64,  art.  82  ;  65, 


art.  29  ;  67,  art.  106 ;  84,  art.  4 ;  86,  art.  8,  73 ; 
112,  art.  25;  775,  fo.  177,  194.  Hakluyt's  Voy- 
ages, 4to,  ed.  ii.  275-279,  285-295,  298-306,  316- 
318,426,  seq.  ;  Purchas  his  Pilgrimcs,  ii.  1642; 
Manship  &  Palmer's  Yarmouth,  i.  36,  73,  86,  87, 
106,  123,  186,  224,  283  ;  ii.  199,  301,  302;  Ellis's 
Letters,  1st  Ser.  iii.  83,  84;  Blomefield's  Norfolk, 
v.  57;  x.  171  ;  xi.  268  ;  Lemon's  Cal.  Dom.  St. 
Pap.  697  ;  and  Birch's  Elizabeth,  i.  36. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 
Cambridge. 

LONGEVITY  OF  THE  RAVEN,  ETC.  —  The  follow- 
ing anecdote  reminds  one  of  George  Cruikshank's 
well-known  caricature.  It  is  extracted  from  a 
letter  of  Boursault  to  the  Due  de  Langres*  :  — 

"  La  femme  d'un  Cordonnier,  a  qui  son  mary  avoit 
commando  de  luy  acheter  une  Linote,  etant  un  jour  sur 
le  Quay  de  la  Megisserie,  y  trouva  une  de  ses  Commeres. 
Quel  sujet,  luy  dit-elle,  vous  oblige  a,  venir  icy?  L'Envie 
d'acheler  un  Oiseau,  luy  repondit  la  Commere.  J'y  suis 
pour  la  meme  chose,  luy  repliqua-t-elle ;  et  je  veux 
acheter  une  Linote.  Et  moy,  luy  repartit  1'autre,  je 
cherche  un  Corbeau.  Et  fy,  ma  CommSre,  dit  la  femme 
du  Cordonnier,  vous  cherchez  la  un  vilain  Oiseau.  H  est 
vray  qu'il  n'est  gueres  beau,  luy  repondit  elle,  mais  on  dit 
qu'il  vit  sept  ou  huit  cens  A.ns,  et  je  voulons  voir,  man  mary 
et  moy,  si  cela  est  vray  ...  La  commune  opinion,"  adds 
Boursault,  "est  qu'il  n'y  a  point  d'animal  qui  vive  si 
long-terns  que  le  Corbeau.  Voicy,  Monseigneur,  ce  qu'on 
dit  des  Animaux  que  je  vais  nommer.  On  dit  que  trois 
belettes  vivent  1'age  d'un  chien ;  trois  chiens  1'age  d'un. 
cheval ;  trois  chevaux  I'&ge  d'un  homme ;  trois  homines 
Page  d'un  cerf:  trois  cerfs  1'age  d'un  Corbeau;  et  trois 
Corbeaux  un  temps  innombrable." 

H.  S.  G. 

TONSON  :    OSBORNE. 

"Fortunately  it  was  then  the  fashion  for  men  about 
town  to  cultivate  the  society  of  men  of  letters,  and  his 
(Bolingbroke's)  intimacy  with.  Dryden  is  illustrated  by 
an  anecdote  in  the  Lives  of  the  Poets.  On  one  occasion, 
when  St.  John  was  sitting  with,  the  poet,  a  visitor  was 
announced.  '  This,'  said  Dryden,  '  is  Tonson.  You  will 
take  care  not  to  depart  before  he  goes  away,  for  I  have 
not  completed  the  sheet  which  I  promised  him ;  and  if 
j-ou  leave  me  unprotected,  I  must  suffer  all  that  rudeness 
to  which  his  resentment  can  prompt  his  tongue.'  John- 
son must  have  felt  a  peculiar  pleasure  in  telling  the 
storj',  for  this  was  the  self-same  Tonson  whom  he  beat 
(or  as  some  said,  knocked  down  with  a  folio)  for  his  im- 
pertinence."— Edinburgh  Review,  Oct.  18C3,  p.  407,  Art. 
on  "  Macknight's  Life  of  Bolingbroke." 

The  above  is  something  more  than  a  slip  of  the 
pen  in  substituting  "  Tonson"  for  Osborne.  Chro- 
nology would  show  that  a  bookseller  old  enough 
to  have  bullied  Dryden  could  not  have  been 
young  enough  to  be  knocked  down  by  Johnson, 
Moreover,  two  pages  before  telling  the  story, 
Johnson  says : — 

"  By  discoursing  with  the  late  amiable  Mr.  Tonson,  I 
could  not  find  that  any  memorial  of  the  transactions  be- 
tween his  predecessor  and  Dryden  had  been  preserved, 
except  the  following  papers." — Vol.  i.  p.  354. 


*  Lettres  Nouvelles  de  M.  Boursault,  1698,   p.  352-3. 
My  copy  has  "  David  Garrick's  "  autograph. 


472 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8*»  S.  IV.  DEC.  12,  '63. 


Then  follow  documents  dated  1698. 

See  Johnson's  Lives  of  the  Poets,  ed.  Lond. 
1827  ;  and  for  the  knocking  down  of  Osborne, 
Boswell's  Johnson,  Murray's  ed.  Lond.  1835,  i. 
176;  vii.  204;  x.  96.  FITZHOPKINS. 

Garrick  Club. 

KNIGHTING  OF  THE  SIRLOIN. — I  suppose  there 
is  no  truth  in  this  well-known  anecdote.  At  all 
events  Mr.  John  Gilbert  made  a  great  mistake 
when  he  represented  (in  one  of  the  Christmas 
Numbers  of  the  Illustrated  London  News)  Charles 
II.  as  the  hero  of  the  story,  for  one  of  the  items, 
in  a  "  Dinner  for  my  Lord  Treasurer,"  &c.  upon 
March  31,  1573,  is  — 

"  A  Sorloine  of  Byfe,  vi«." 

See  Nichols's  Queen  Elizabeth's  Progresses, 
vol.i.  p.  21.  (1573.)  H.  S.  G. 

ABBOT  WHITING'S  SHOEING-HORN.  —  Abbot 
Whiting's  watch  has  recently  been  spoken  of  in 
your  numbers.  His  shoeing-horn  is  still  in  exist- 
ence. It  was  sold  at  the  auction  at  Neville-Holt, 
when  the  furniture,  library,  antiquities,  &c.,  were 
dispersed.  The  purchaser  was  the  Rev.  John  Dent 
of  Hallaton.  The  fact  of  its  having  belonged  to 
the  last  abbot  of  Glastonbury  was  not  known  to 
the  auctioneer,  until  I  made  him  acquainted  with 
the  history,  as  I  had  received  it,  many  years  be- 
fore, from  the  late  venerable  Cosmus  Neville. 

R.  C.  H.  HOTCHKIN. 

Thimbleby  Kectory,  Horncastle. 


CAPT.  JAMES  GIFFORD:   ADMIRAL  JAMES 
GIFFORD. 

An  Elucidation  of  the  Unity  of  God,  1815, 
and  The  Remonstrance  of  a  Unitarian,  addressed 
to  the  Bishop  of  St.  David's  [Burgess],  1818,  are 
attributed  to  the  same  author  in  the  Catalogues  of 
the  Bodleian  Library,  the  Library  of  the  British 
Museum,  and  the  Library  of  the  University  of 
Cambridge,  and  also  in  Darling's  Cyclopedia  Bib- 
liographica.  From  a  memoir  of  Juliana  E.  Gifford 
(Christian  Reformer,  N.  s.  xiv.  729),  it  appears 
that  the  first  work  was  by  her  father,  and  the 
other  by  her  brother,  James.  Her  father  is  de- 
scribed in  that  Memoir  as  Capt.  James  Gifford,  of 
Girton,  in  Cambridgeshire,  the  friend  of  the  Rev. 
Theophilus  Lindsey,  Mrs.  Rayner  Tyrwhitt,  Fysh 
Palmer,  and  other  well  known  Unitarians.  We 
subjoin  the  titlepage,  advertisement,  and  dedica- 
tion of  the  first-mentioned  work :  — 

"  An  Elucidation  of  the  Unity  of  God,  deduced  from 
Scripture  and  Reason,  addressed  to  Christians  of  all  Deno- 
minations. Fifth  edition,  enlarged.  To  which  is  sub- 
joined, a  Letter  from  the  Author,  to  his  Grace  the  Arch- 
bishop of  Canterbury.  Third  edition,  with  additions. 
Lond.  8vo,  1815." 


"  Advertisement. 

"  The  following  pages  are  offered  to  the  public,  wanting 
the  careful  superintendence  and  correction  of  the  author 
(who  is  now  no  more),  and  have,  therefore,  a  claim  on  the 
candour  of  the  reader  for  any  trifling  inaccuracies  that 
may  have  arisen  while  going  through  the  press. 

"  To  the  Society  of  Unitarian  Christians  at  Montrose,  in 
North  Britain,  this  Tract  is  very  respectfully  dedicated, 
by  their  affectionate  humble  servant, 

"  JAMES  GIFFORD. 

"Girton,  Cambridgeshire,  July  25, 1787." 

The  letter  to  the  Archbishop  has  this  title, — 

"  A  Letter  from  the  Author  to  his  Grace  John  Lord 
Archbishop  of  Canterbury.  Third  edition,  with  addi- 
tions." 

It  is  signed  "  James  Gifford,"  and  bears  date  Jan. 
27, 1785.  The  author  refers  in  the  Letter  to  his 
endeavour  to  elucidate  the  unity  of  God.  An 
Elucidation  of  the  Unity  of  God  must  therefore 
have  first  appeared  in  or  before  1785,  and  it  seems 
to  us  that  the  Dedication  to  the  Unitarians  of 
Montrose  was  not  in  the  first  edition,  or  that  at  a 
subsequent  period  a  fresh  date  was  affixed  thereto. 
It  is  to  be  regretted  that  there  is  no  date  to  the 
Advertisement. 

We  are  desirous  of  ascertaining — 1.  When  Capt. 
James  Gifford  died  ?  2.  Whether  he  was  in  the 
army  or  navy  ?  3.  What  are  the  dates  of  the  four 
previous  editions  of  the  Elucidation,  and  the  two 
previous  editions  of  the  Letter  to  the  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury?  4.  Whether  the  enlargement  and 
additions  to  these  works  were  made  by  the  author 
or  an  editor  ? 

James  Gifford,  the  author  of  the  Remonstrance 
of  a  Unitarian,  who  styles  himself  on  the  titlepage 
Captain  R.N.,  subsequently  attained  the  rank  of 
Rear  Admiral,  and  died  Sept.  20,  1853.  There  is 
a  brief  memoir  of  him  in  the  Gent.  Mag.,  N.  s. 
xli.  648,  but  no  allusion  is  therein  made  to  the 
Remonstrance,  which  we  may  observe  occasioned 
replies  by  the  Rev.  John  Garbett,  B.A.,  1818, 
and  by  a  Trinitarian,  1822. 

C.  H,  &  THOMPSON  COOPEK. 


ANONYMOUS.  — 

"  Miserere  mei  Domine :  A  Thought  upon  the  Latter 
Day.  Whereunto  are  annexed,  of  The  Time  before  Christ's 
comming  in  the  flesh ;  The  Annunciation  of  the  Blessed 
Virgin  and  her  Magnificat;  Our  Saviour's  Incarnation 
and  Birth;  The  Relation  of  it  by  the  Angell  to  the 
Shepherds ;  The  Circumcision  of  Christ,  with  the  im- 
position of  the  name  of  Jesus.  Five  Hymnes.  London : 
Printed  by  R.  Y.  for  Ph.  Nevill,  at  the  Gun  in  Ivie-Lane, 
1638." 

There  is  also  an  inner  title,  taking  in  the  upper 
part;  a  stamp  in  the  centre,  and  London,  &c., 
repeated  behind  the  last  page  63  :  — 

"Martii  3,  1637.  Imprimatur:  Tho.  Wykes,  R.  P. 
Ep'sc.  Lond. :  Capell.  Domest." 

I  shall  be  obliged  by  any  of  your  correspon- 
dents giving  me  any  information  regarding  the 


3rd  S.  IV.  DEC.  12,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


473 


volume,  of  which  the  above  is  the  title-page.  It  is 
a  small  volume  in  12mo,  unfortunately  incomplete. 
I  have  consulted  the  ordinary  bibliogi-aphical 
books,  and  not  a  few  bibliographers,  without 
success.  S.  WMSON. 

Glasgow. 

Who  are  the  authors  of  the  following  books  ? 
1.  The  Spanish  Libertines,  1709?  2.  The  Spaniard, 
or  Don  Zara  del  Fogo,  1719  ?  3.  Poems  by  Me- 
lanter,  1854  ?  R.  INGLIS. 

THEODORE  ANSPACH  :  LAING'S  "  TRAVELS  IN 
SOUTH  AMERICA." — Wanted,  the  place  of  burial, 
proof  of  death,  and  description  of  tomb,  of  the 
above  person ;  who  died  in  South  America  about 
A.D.  1837.  There  is  a  description  of  the  tomb  in 
a  volume  of  Travels  in  South  America,  supposed 
to  be  by  Laing.  Query,  The  book,  and  the 
author's  name  ?  Miss  GOODALL. 

Freshford,  near  Bath. 

THE  AMMERGAU  MYSTERY  :  SHAKSPEARE  AND 
PLATO.  —  In  Lectures  on  the  History  of  the  Jewish 
Church,  by  A.  P.  Stanley,  I  find  the  following 
allusions,  which  are  beyond  the  limits  of  my 
information  :  — 

1.  "  The  celebrated  Ammergau  Mystery."    [What  is 
this?] 

2.  "  Sometimes  there  has  been  an  anticipation  of  some 
future  epoch  in  the  pregnant  sayings  of  eminent  philoso- 
phers or  poets:  as  for  example,  the  intimation  of  the 
discover}'  of  America  by   Seneca;  or  of  Shakspeare  by 
Plato ;  or  of  the  Reformation  by  Dante." 

The  first  and  third  instances  I  know  ;  but  can 
any  of  your  readers  refer  me  to  the  passage  in  Plato 
to  which  the  second  refers  ?  EDEN  WARWICK. 

Birmingham. 

"  LIFE  OF  CJESAR  "  IN  THE  TURKISH  LAN- 
GUAGE. —  Is  there  any  foundation  for  the  fol- 
lowing story,  which  I  find  in  the  "  Epistle  Dedi- 
catory" of  B[arnaby]  R[ich]'s  translation  of 
Herodotus  (London,  1584)  ?  — 

"  The  lyke  happened  to  Solimus,  Prince  of  the  Turfces, 
whose  ancestours,  hating  stories,  he  caused  the  actes  of 
Caesar  to  be  drawne  into  his  mother  tongue,  and  by  his 
example,  subdued  a  great  parte  of  Asia  and  Africa." 

3.  C.  LINDSAY. 

St.  Paul,  Minnesota. 

"  CODEX  VATICANUS." — In  the  London,  or  rather 
Leipsic,  reprint  of  the  Codex  Vaticanus,  1859,  I 
find  at  1  Tim.  iv.  8,  a  various  reading  of  iravras 
instead  of  iravra,  ns  it  stands  in  every  other  criti- 
cal edition  to  which  I  have  access.  Is  this  correct, 
or  is  it  only  another  unacknowledged  erratum  in  a 
most  inaccurate  book  ?  C.  W.  BINGHAM. 

DANISH  AND  NORWEGIAN  HERALDRY.  —  Can 

any  of  your  correspondents  inform  me  if  there 
be  any  work  accessible  to  an  English  reader  on 
the  heraldry  of  Scandinavia  ?  What  I  want  is  to 
find  out  the  arms  of  several  families  of  Scandi- 


navian descent.  At  present  I  cannot  tell  in  what 
direction  to  look.  I  shall  feel  obliged  if  any  one 
can  give  me  the  requisite  information.  R.  S.  T. 

THE  DAFT  HIGHLAND  LAIRD  :  KAY'S  "  EDIN- 
BURGH PORTRAITS." — In  the  first  volume  of  this 
book  various  portraits  are  depicted,  and  anecdotes 
related  regarding  this  worthy.  He  seems  to  have 
been  a  favourite  subject  with  Kay,  and  one  of  his 
earliest  noted  characters. 

I  wish  to  put  a  Query,  not  regarding  the  laird 
himself,  but  with  reference  to  his  sticks.  At  Kay 
(vol.  i.  p.  5),  allusion  is  made  to  his  carving 
head-portraits  on  the  top  of  sticks,  exhibiting  a 
new  one  every  day  of  the  year.  As  this  was  ex- 
pected of  him,  the  question — "  Wha  hae  ye  up 
the  day,  laird?" — was  frequently  asked.  Can 
any  of  your  correspondents  inform  me,  if  many  of 
the  sticks  exist  ?  And  if  so,  any  means  of  know- 
ing the  likenesses  ?  S.  WMSON. 

Glasgow. 

OLD  DAMASK  PATTERNS.  —  Some  old  damask 
has  been  shown  to  me,  the  design  on  which  is  so 
curious,  that  I  am  anxious  to  know  when  and 
where  it  was  probably  made ;  and  if  it  has  any 
value  beyond  that  of  any  other  tablecloth  of 
equal  fineness  of  texture.  I  subjoin  a  descrip- 
tion, in  the  hope  that  some  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
may  kindly  enlighten  me. 

The  material  is  about  an  inch  more  than  three- 
quarters  of  a  yard  wide  (the  old  Flemish  ell,  I 
presume)  ;  so  that  two  breadths  have  been  joined 
to  make  the  requisite  width  for  an  ordinary  small 
modern  tablecloth.  The  hem  at  the  top  and  bot- 
tom is  made  with  what  is  called  "  hem-stitch,"  as 
ladies'  pockethandkerchiefs  are  done. 

The  design  consists  of  pictures  of  scenes  in  the 
history  of  our  first  parents.  Of  these  there  are 
three,  one  above  another,  as  follows :  — 

At  the  bottom  of  the  cloth,  is  "  The  Creation 
of  Eve."  By  Adam's  side  stands  a  figure,  robed 
and  crowned  ;  holding  in  one  hand  an  orb,  and  in 
the  other  an  article  of  indefinite  shape,  but  ap- 
parently comprising  a  cross.  Above  these  figures 
are  the  conventional  representations  of  the  sun 
and  moon,  birds  flying  in  pairs,  and,  overhead, 
something  which  may  be  a  basket  of  sexagonal 
shape,  or  an  ornamental  building.  Spaces  are 
occupied  by  a  pair  of  birds,  somewhat  like  ducks  ; 
a  pair  cf  stags  couching,  a  pair  of  rabbits,  and 
various  vegetable  productions — among  which,  is 
the  trefoil  leaf.  Over  all,  is  the  legend :  "  Cres- 
cite  et  multiplicamini  et  replete  terra." 

The  next  scene  is,  "  The  Temptation."  In  the 
centre  of  this  picture  is  the  tree  of  the  know- 
ledge of  good  and  evil ;  with  the  serpent,  human- 
headed,  twined  about  its  trunk.  Eve  stands  on 
one  side,  and  offers  an  apple  to  Adam,  who  is 
placed  on  the  other.  There  are  no  accessories, 
the  branches  of  the  tree  filling  up  much  space. 


474 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  DEC.  1  2,  '63. 


The  last  and  uppermost  subject  is  "  The 
Expulsion  from  Paradise."  Adam  and  Eve,  side 
by  side,  hurry  before  the  angel ;  who,  with  wings 
extended,  and  uplifted  sword,  drives  them  out. 

Each  breadth  of  damask  contains  the  pattern 
twice  over,  one  being  the  reverse  of  the  other ; 
and  in  addition,  at  the  edges,  so  much  of  it  is  again 
repeated  as  is  required  to  fill  up  the  breadth. 

The  drawing  of  the  figures  is  rude,  but  so 
spirited,  that  I  would  inquire  if  the  original 
drawings  may  not  have  been  the  work  of  some 
good  artist  ? — possibly,  well-known  pictures  ;  and 
the  rudeness  in  some  measure  arising  from  the 
transfer  to  a  woven  material  ? 

E.  Y.  HEINEKEN. 

DE  LA  TOUR  D'AUVERGNE. — In  a  recent  notice 
of  the  Prince  de  la  Ttmr  d'Auvergne  it  is  stated, 
that"  to  this  branch,  in  1816,  Louis  XVIII.  con- 
fided the  keeping  of  the  heart  of  the  first  grenadier 
of  France."  This  was  Theophilus  de  la  Tour 
d'Auvergne,  said  to  have  been  an  illegitimate  de- 
scendant of  that  house,  and  whose  sword  was 
entrusted  by  M.  Kerkansie  to  the  safe  keeping  of 
Garibaldi.  Where  can  I  learn  the  correctness  of 
the  statement  of  the  "heart,"  and  any  further 
particulars  of  the  "  grenadier  "  ?  And  what  con- 
nection is  M.  K.  that  the  sword  came  into  his  pos- 
session ?  H.  W. 

ALLUSION  TO  ELOISA. — Margaret  Fuller  Ossoli, 
in  her  Woman  in  the  Nineteenth  Century^  edit. 
1862,  p.  77,  says, — 

"  There  was  an  article  published  five  or  six  years  ago 
in  one  of  the  English  Reviews,  where  the  writer,  in  doing 
full  justice  to  Eloisa,  shows  his  bitter  regret  that  she 
lives  not  now  to  love  him,  who  might  have  known  better 
how  to  prize  her  love  than  did  the  egotistical  Abelard." 

The  above  quoted  work  was  first  published  in 
1844.  To  what  does  the  authoress  refer? 

GRIME. 

EPITAPHS.  —  Where  are  the  following  epitaphs 
found  ?  — 

"  Hoc  est  nescire,  sine  Christo  plurima  scire ; 
Si  Christum  bene  scis,  satis  est  si  csetera  nescis." 

Which  I  thus  translate  :  — 
"  Not  knowing  Christ,  our  knowledge  all  is  vain ; 
But  knowing  Christ,  that  knowledge  all  is  gain." 

"  Nisi  Mors  mortis  morti  mortem  morte  dederit, 
Eternaj  janua  vitas  clausa  fuerit." 

"  Unless  by  death  the  Death  of  Death  a  death  to  Death 

had  given, 

For  ever  had  been  closed  to  man  the  sacred  gate  of 
Heaven." 

I  quote  from  memoi'y ;  and  hope  that  LORD 
LYTTELTON  will  find  the  Latin  (if  not  scansion) 
correct.  J.  L. 

SIR  ALEXANDER  FRASER. —  Can  any  correspon- 
dent oblige  me  with  a  reference  to  where  the  arms 
of  Sir  Alexander  Fraser,  physician  to  Charles  II., 


are  recorded,  or  state  what  they  were  ?     Are  they 
entered  in  the  books  of  the  heralds  in  London  ? 

S. 

JOHN  HARRISON,  inventor  of  the  time-keeper, 
died  at  his  house,  in  Red  Lion  Square,  March  24, 
1776.  WThere  buried  ?  Is  there  any  inscription 
to  his  memory  ?  C.  J.  D.  INGLEDEW. 

LORD  HERVEY'S  PAMPHLETS. —  Since  Professor 
Phillimore  has  set  Lord  Hervey  on  high  as  an 
authority  for  his  history  of  the  first  half  of  the 
eighteenth  century,  we  want  to  know  a  little  about 
his  lordship's  writings.  The  fair  fame  of  princes 
is  our  common  concern,  and  some  of  us  think  that 
both  the  learned  professor  and  Lord  Hervey  are 
very  unreliable  impugners  of  their  fair  fame.  The 
following  are  titles  of  two  political  pamphlets  at- 
tributed to  Lord  Hervey ;  where  are  they  to  be 
seen  ?  — 

1.  "  A  Letter  from  a  Country  Gentleman  to  his  Friend 
in  London  concerning  two  Collections  of  Letters  and  Mes- 
sages, lately  published,  between  the  King,  Queen,  Prince, 
and  Princess." 

2.  "  An  Examination  of  the  Facts  and  Reasonings  on  a 
Pamphlet  intitled  '  A  Letter  from  an  M.P.  to  his  Friend 
in  the  Country,  on  the  Motion  to  address  his  Majesty  to 
settle  100,000/.  per  annum  on  the  Prince  cf  Wales,  1739.' " 

The  events  here  referred  to  are  amongst  the 
most  weighty  court  events  of  the  time. 

SEARCHER. 

CASPAR  HOCHFEDER,  OR  HOCHFEDERS. — What 
is  known  of  this  printer  ?  And  what  books  did 
he  print  besides  the  curious  Epistola  Rabbi  Sa- 
muelis  Israhelite  Missa  ad  R.  Ysaac,  &c.,  4to,  Nu- 
remberg, 1498,  described  by  Dibdin,  Bib.  Spens., 
in.  486  ?  I  have  somewhere  seen  a  note  that  he 
printed  Thomas  a  Kempis  Opera  Omnia,  Nurem- 
berg, 1494,  folio ;  and  also  some  of  the  Treatises 
of  St.  jEphrem,  in  Latin  folio,  undated,  but  circa 
1495.  Are  either  of  these  books  noticed  by 
bibliographers  ?  T.  B.  J. 

JESTS. — I  have  nearly  completed  for  publica- 
tion by  Mr.  Macmillan,  a  collection  of  English 
Jests  ;  and  being  desirous  to  make  the  work  as 
complete  as  possible,  I  shall  be  glad  to  receive 
any  "  good  thing  "  which  may  be  thought  worthy 
of  embalming.  MARK  LEMON. 

31,  Bedford  Street,  Covent  Garden. 

THE  MULBERRIES:  A  SHAKSPEARIAN  CLUB. — 
At  the  thirty-fourth  anniversary  of  the  Sliaks- 
pearian  Club  at  Stratford-on-Avon,  on  April  23, 
1858,  the  President,  Mr.  J.  B.  Buckstone,  of  the 
Haymarket  Theatre,  in  the  course  of  his  address, 
gave  the  following  interesting  account  of  a  Shak- 
spearian  club  and  publication :  — 

"  On  emerging  from  boyhood,  and  while  yet  a  young 
actor,  I  was  one  of  the  first  members  of  a  Shakspearian 
club,  called  '  The  Mulberries.'  It  was  not  then  a  very 
prominent  one,  as  its  meetings  were  held  at  a  certain 
house  of  entertainment  in  Vinegar  Yard,  Drury  Lane. 


*d  S.  IV.  DEC.  12,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


475 


The  club  assembled  there  once  a-week ;  they  dined  to- 
gether on  Shakspeare's  birthday ;  and  in  the  mulberry 
season  there  was  another  dinner  and  a  mulberry  feast,  al 
which  the  chairman  sat  enthroned  under  a  canopy  of 
mulberry  branches,  with  the  fruit  on  them ;  Shaksperian 
songs  were  sung ;  members  would  read  original  papers  or 
poems  relating  only  to  Shakspeare ;  and,  as  many  artists 
belonged  to  this  club,  they  would  exhibit  sketches  of 
some  event  connected  with  our  poet's  life;  and  I  once 
had  the  honour  of  submitting  a  paper  to  be  read,  called 
'  Shakspeare's  drinking  bout,'  an  imaginary  story,  illus- 
trating the  traditionary  event,  when  the  chivalry  oi 
Stratford  went  forth  to  carouse  with 

'  Piping  Pebworth,  dancing  Marston, 
Haunted  Hilborough,  hungry  Grafton, 
Dudging  Exhall,  Papist  Wicksford, 
Beggarly  Broom,  and  drunken  Bidford ' 
(laughter).  All  these  papers  and  pictures  were  collected 
together  in  a  book,  which  was  called  '  Mulberry  Leaves ;' 
and  you  will  believe  me,  in  spite  of  our  lowly  place  of 
meeting,  tha.t  the  club  was  not  intellectually  insignificant, 
when  amongst  its  members,  then  in  their  youth,  were 
Douglas  Jerrold,  Laman  Blanchard,  the  Landseers 
(Charles  and  Thomas),  Frank  Stone,  Cattermole,  Eobert 
Keeley,  Kenny  Meadows,  and  subsequently,  though  at 
another  and  more  important  place  of  meeting,  Macready, 
Talfourd  (the  Judge),  Charles  Dickens,  John  Forster,  and 
many  other  celebrities  (applause).  You  will  very  natu- 
rally wish  to  know  what  became  of  this  club.  Death 
thinned  the  number  of  its  members;  important  pursuits 
in  life  took  some  one  way  and  some  another,  and,  after 
twenty  years  of  much  enjoyment,  the  club  ceased  to  exist, 
and  the  'Mulberry  Leaves'  disappeared,  no  one  ever 
knew  whither." 

Are  these  "  Mulberry  Leaves  "  still  in  exist- 
ence? COTHBERT  BEDS. 

HENRY  DE  POMEROY.  —  Henry  de  Pomeroy, 
Lord  of  the  Castle  of  Trematon,  Cornwall,  by 
deed,  12  Edw.  III.  (1339),  released  to  Prince 
Edward,  Duke  of  Cornwall,  all  his  right,  title, 
and  interest  in  the  said  castle  and  manor  of  Tre- 
maton. In  consequence  whereof,  King  Edward 
III.  granted  him  and  his  heirs  an  annuity  of  401. 
per  annum,  to  be  paid  out  of  the  Exchequer. 

To  whom,  and  when,  was  this  annuity  last 
paid  ?  INQUIRER. 

PORTRAITS  OF  CROMWELL  AND  ROUSSEAU. — 
In  my  brother's  possession  at'  Leek  are  two 
pictures,  for  which  my  father  was  more  than 
once  offered  a  very  considerable  sum  of  money, 
and  whose  probable  painters'  names  are  much 
desired.  The  one,  evidently  by  a  French  artist, 
is  an  exquisitely  finished  portrait  of  Rousseau, 
and  was  given  by  the  immortal  Jean  Jacques 
himself  while  residing  at  Wootton  in  1766  to  a 
great-aunt  who  lived  in  the  neighbourhood,  and 
for  whom  he  had  conceived  a  more  than  ordinary 
amount  of  regard. 

He  is  represented  in  Polish  or  Cossack  dress, 
being  habited  in  a  loose-flowing,  light  purplish- 
brown  robe,  the  deeply  furred  fringe  of  which  he 
holds  with  his  ruffled  right  hand.  A  high  fur 
cap  completely  conceals  his  hair,  and  a  white 
cravat  just  peeps  out  from  underneath  the  robe. 


The  face  is  nearly  full,  being  about  three-quarters 
turned ;  and  the  complexion  dark  olive.  Fur- 
rowed brow  and  cheeks,  thickly  tushed  eye  brows, 
dark,  deep-set  hazel  eyes,  which  abstractedly 
follow  one  from  all  points  of  view ;  and  a  thin- 
lipped,  sensuous  mouth  sum  up  its  other  cha- 
racteristics. 

Of  the  acquisition  by  the  family  of  the  other, 
a  portrait  of  old  Noll,  and  likewise  Kit-cat  size, 
there  is  no  record.  It  is  evidently  contemporary 
with  him,  and  is  comparatively  coarsely  painted. 
He  is  in  the  armour  of  the  period,  but  without 
casque;  and  from  his  thick,  wavy,  light-brown 
hair  (hanging  just  below  the  neck),  and  slight 
moustache,  it  probably  depicts  him  at  the  com- 
mencement of  his  public  career.  No  hands  or 
weapons  are  given,  but  on  the  right  side  the  wall 
of  a  building  is  shown.  The  face  is  oval ;  the 
complexion  florid  and  weatherbeaten ;  forehead 
lofty  and  pyramidal ;  eyes  cold  and  inexpressive, 
the  general  aspect  of  the  face  being  exceedingly 
stern,  sad,  and  repellent,  though  calculated  at 
once  to  arrest  attention ;  nose  thick  and  high- 
bridged  ;  jowl,  placid  and  hanging  ;  mouth  small ; 
lips  thin ;  and  chin  protuberant,  but  utterly  de- 
void of  any  hirsute  appendage.  JOHN  SLEIGH. 
Thornbridge,  Bakewell. 

ROMAN  MASTIFFS  AT  WINCHESTER.  —  The  Ro- 
mans had  an  officer  at  "Winchester  who  bred 
mastiffs  for  the  Roman  amphitheatre.  Camden 
quotes  Wolfgangus  Lazius  for  this.  But  where 
does  Lazius  state  as  much,  and  whence  did  he 
derive  his  authority  ?  G.  R.  J. 

SOCRATES'  DOG. — Socrates  is  said  to  have  sworn 
by  the  Dog ;  but  what  ancient  writer  affirms  it  ? 

G.  R.  J. 
STORQUE.  — 

"  Sirra  villain, 

I  will  dissect  thee  with  my  rapier's  point ; 
Rip  up  each  veine  and  sinew  of  my  [thy?]  storque, 
Anatomize  him,  searching  every  entraile 

To  see  if  Nature 

did  not  forget  to  give  him 
Some  gall." 

Randolph,  Muses'  Looking- Glass,  1638, 
p.  52,  Act  III.  Sc.  3. 

On  coming  to  this  passage,  I  turned  up  Mr. 
Halliwell's  Dictionary,  and  found  no  definition  ; 
merely  two  lines  of  quotation.  What  is  the 
meaning  of  the  word  ?  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

SUBTERRANEAN  CHAMBERS. — I  remember  when 
a  boy  seeing  in  the  house,  No.  13,  Cecil  Street, 
Strand  (called  Congreve's  house  in  Cunningham's 
Handbook  for  London),  a  dark  cell  with  a  heavy 
door  having  an  iron  grating,  and  which  led  from 
one  of  the  back  cellars,  before  they  were  con- 
verted into  stables.  The  cellars  of  some  of  the 
bouses  on  the  opposite  side  of  Cecil  Street  led 
into  a  long  subterranean  gallery  between  Cecil 
Street  and  Salisbury  Street.  I  forget  whether 


476 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3>-i  S.  IV.  DEC.  12,  '63. 


this  gallery  descended  to  the  wharf  near  the 
river's  side.  When  were  these  old  houses  in 
Cecil  Street,  first  built  ?  No.  13  belonged  to 
Doctor  Kitchener,  author,  musician,  and  gour- 
mand, from  whom  it  was  rented  by  Sir  Wm.  Con- 
greve,  Bart.,  whose  inventive  talents  were  em- 
ployed in  rendering  it  one  of  the  most  curious 
and  commodious  houses  in  London.  H.  C. 

"  THE  TOWN  AND  COUNTRY  MAGAZINE,"  1837-38. 
Wanted  any  information  regarding  the  editor  or 
contributors.  Who  was  author  of  a  review  of 
"  Werner's  Twenty  Fourth  February  "  in  the  3rd 
volume  ?  R.  INGLIS. 

"SECRET  HISTORY  OF  EUROPE."  —  Who  was 
the  author  of  The  Secret  History  of  Europe ;  the 
whole  collected  from  Authentic  Memoirs  as  well 
Manuscripts  as  Printed,  of  which  the  third  edition, 
in  four  parts,  forming  three  vols.,  was  printed  by 
Pemberton  in  1715?  Has  the  book  been  used  by 
any  writers  of  reputation,  and  is  it  considered  of 
any  historical  authority  ?  S.  H. 

SIR  EGBERT  VERNON.  —  In  Collins's  Peerage, 
1812  (vol.  vii.  p.  404),  Sir  Robert  Vernon,  Knt., 
is  said  to  have  married  Mary,  the  daughter  of  Sir 
Robert  Needham,  of  Shenton,  Salop.  I  shall 
be  much  obliged  to  any  of  your  readers  who  can 
give  me  any  account  when  the  above  Sir  Robert 
was  married,  and  when  he  died.  He  was  of 
Hodnet ;  and  probably  the  same  person  who  was 
on  the  council  of  the  Lords  Marchers,  at  Ludlow, 
in  1609.  W.  B. 

THE  REV.  SAMUEL  WAXES,  minister  of  Morley 
in  Yorkshire,  was  author  of  The  Whole  Duty  of 
a  Christian,  of  which  a  second  edition  appeared  in 
1681.  The  date  of  the  first  edition,  and  any  other 
particulars  respecting  him  will  oblige.  He  was 
matriculated  as  a  sizar  of  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge, July  9th,  1607,  being  B.A.  1611-12,  and 
M.A.  1615.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

WILLIAM  WETWANG.  —  The  seal  for  the  Recog- 
nisances of  Debtors  within  the  borough  of  Rich- 
mond, is  stated  on  the  legend  which  it  bears  to 
have  been  made  in  the  time  of  William  Wetwang, 
first  mayor  there.  What  is  the  signification  of 
this  patronymic,  and  what  is  known  of  the  family  ? 

M.  D. 


tottl) 

MUCH  PANES  :  BANQUET  OF  SWEETMEATS.  — 
During  the  progress  of  the  Duke  of  Beaufort, 
Lord  of  the  Marches  of  Wales,  in  1684  (as  de- 
tailed in  Mr.  Dineley's  MS.  Notitia  Cambro-Bri- 
tannicd)  while  at  Shrewsbury,  the  town  presented 
him  with  "  20  dozen  of  wine,  and  20  chargers  of 
sweetmeats." 

At  Ludlow  the  Corporation  gave  him  a  banquet 


of  sweetmeats  consisting  of  half-a-dozen  of  much 
panes  (?)  and  wine. 

Again,  at  Kington,  a  banquet  of  sweetmeats 
was  prepared.  At  Presteign,  the  entertainment 
is  costly,  consisting  not  only  of  foreign  wines,  but 
the  best  of  the  neighbouring  vineyards,  viz., 
Herefordshire  cyder,  then  reputed  to  be  a  fa- 
vourite liquor  at  the  English  Court. 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  inform  me 
what  was  commonly  understood  in  the  seventeenth 
century  by  a  banquet  of  sweetmeats  ?  Not,  I  pre- 
sume, something  similar  to  the  oriental  custom  of 
handing  about  such  delicacies  on  visits  of  cere- 
mony. 

"  Much  panes  "  probably  was  some  sort  of  cake. 
The  twenty  chargers  of  sweetmeats  seem  an  ex- 
traordinary present  to  a  traveller  in  England  at 
any  period,  though  perhaps  even  as  early  as  the 
year  1682  the  ancient  capital  of  Salop  may  have 
maintained  a  reputation  for  Shrewsbury  cakes. 
THOMAS  E.  WINNINGTON. 

[Muchpane  is  better  known  to  antiquaries  as  March- 
pane, a  sweet  biscuit  composed  of  almonds  and  sugar, 
pounded  and  baked  together,  and  according  to  Minshew, 
originally  sacred  to  Mars,  and  stamped  with  a  castle.  It 
was  a  common  article  in  the  desserts  of  "  Merry  Old 
England,"  and  to  make  it  was  considered  a  female  accom- 
plishment, for  Drayton  tells  us  — 

"  The  silk  well  couth  she  twist  and  twine, 

And  make  the  fine  marchpane."     (Eel.  iv.) 

At  the  inthronisation  feast  of  Abp.  Warham,  all  his 
honours  and  offices  were  drawn,  depicted,  and  delineated, 
in  gilded  marchpane  upon  the  banqueting  dishes.  (Wee- 
ver,  Fun.  Monum.,  p.  282,  fol.  edit.)  Here  we  have 
"  the  banquet  of  sweetmeats."  When  Queen  Elizabeth 
visited  Cambridge,  the  University  presented  their  Chan- 
cellor, Sir  William  Cecil,  with  two  pair  of  gloves,  a 
marchpane,  and  two  sugar-loves.  (Peck's  Desiderata 
Curiosa,  ii.  29.)  Castles,  and  other  figures,  were  often 
made  of  marchpane  to  decorate  splendid  desserts,  and 
were  demolished  by  shooting  or  throwing  sugar-plums  at 
them :  — 

"  They  barred  their  gates, 

Which  we  as  easily  tore  unto  the  earth, 

As  I  this  tower  of  marchpane." 

Beaumont  &  Fletcher,  Faithful  Friends,  iii.  2. 

Taylor,  the  water-poet,  has  more  particularly  described 
such  an  encounter  in  his  Praise  of  Hempseed,  p.  66.  Re- 
specting the  origin  of  the  name  of  Marchpane,  consult 
Nares's  Glossary,  s.  p.] 

JOANNA  SOUTHCOTT.  —  In  Bohn's  edition  of 
Lowndes,  the  title  of  several  works  are  given, 
and  he  adds,  "  This  celebrated  fanatic  published 
numerous  other  pamphlets."  Can  yourself  or  any 
of  your  readers  help  me  to  a  complete  list.  There 
were  also  several  curious  and  mystical  pamphlets 
published  by  one  of  her  disciples,  Elias  Car- 
penter. I  am  desirous  to  ascertain  their  titles. 

T.  B. 

[See  Watt's  Bibliotheca  Britannica,  both  Authors  and 
Subjects.  Consult  also  a  list  of  tracts  on  this  singular 
fanatic  in  Davidson's  Bibliotheca  Devoniensis,  pp.  196-199. 
But  probably  the  most  complete  collection  preserved  of  the 


3'd  S.  IV.  DEC.  12,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


477 


extraordinary  productions  by  and  relating  to  this  won- 
derful imposture  was  that  made  by  Sir  Francis  Freeling, 
together  with  cuttings  from  all  the  newspapers,  and 
bound  in  7  vols.  8vo.  1803  to  1815.  The  titles  of  the 
principal  tracts  fill  a  page  of  Thorpe's  Catalogue,  Part 
III.  1850,  art.  2722.  For  another  very  rare  collection  in 
6  vols.  8vo,  see  J.  C.  Hotten's  Catalogue  for  October, 
1858.  Elias  Carpenter  published  the  following  works : — 

1.  Nocturnal  Alarm ;    being  an    Essay  on  Prophecy 
and  Vision :  or,  a  Brief  Examination  of  some  Remark- 
able Things  under  those  heads  which  have  recently  ap- 
peared in  the  world.    London,  8vo,  1803. 

2.  Modern  Realities ;  or,  the  Substance  following  the 
Shadow ;    being  a  Reply  to   "  Modern  Visionaries,"  by 
J.  T.  Lond.  8vo,  1805. 

3.  Who   are  the  Deluded  ?   or,  Mystery  Unmasked, 
being  a  few  extracts  from  a  faithful  record  of  Spiritual 
Teachings,  viz.  Revelations  and  Visions  communicated 
to  a  deceased  character,  &c.     Lond.  8vo,  1805. 

4.  An  Apology  for  Faith,  and   Detection  of  existing 
Errors   subversive  of   the  Truth.     With  a  selection  of 
Communications  from  the  Invisible  World,  announcing 
the  Redeemer's   Triumphant  Appearance.     Lond.  8vo, 
1814. 

5.  The    Missionary  Magazine ;    or,   an    Apology    for 
Faith,  being  an  Explanation  of  Joanna  Southcott's  Mis- 
sion.   Lond.  8vo,  1814.    See  also  — 

Divine  and  Spiritual  Communications  through  Tho- 
mas Dowland  to  Elias  Carpenter  for  the  British  Nation, 
declaring  what  is  coming  upon  this  and  all  Nations. 
With  an  Introduction  bv  J.  F.  Dession.  Lond.  12mo, 
1848. 

The  following  anonymous  work  is  attributed  to  Elias 
Carpenter: — "The  Extraordinary  Case  of  a  Piccadilly 
Patient,  or  Dr.  Reece  Physick'd  by  Six  Female  Phy- 
sicians. Lond.  8vo.  1815."] 

PETER  MANWOOD  :  ROGEB  WILLIAMS  . —  Mr. 
J.  T.  Bodel  Nyenhuid,  of  Leyden,  begs  me  to  pro- 
pose the  following : — 

1.  Who  was  Peter  Manwood,  who,  in  the  year 
1618,  dedicated  to  Francis  Bacon  of  Verulam  his 
edition  of  the  Actions  of  the  Low  Countries,  by 
Roger  Williams,  then  just  being  published  in  Lon- 
don?    I  find  a   Roger  Manwood   mentioned  as 
living  in  1580,   and   deceased   in    1593 ;  but   of 
course  this  is  not  the  person  I  want  information 
about. 

2.  Would  any  one  in  London  be  kind  enough  to 
lend  me  for  perusal  a  copy  of  Roger  Williams,  A 
trief  Discourse  of  War,  with  his  Opinions  concern- 
ing   some  part  of  Martial  Discipline    (London, 
1590),  "  an  excellent  book,"  according  to  A.  Wood 
in  his  Athence  Oxonienses,  1721,  t.  i.  p.  281  ? 

The  transmission  might  be  effected  by  any  of 
the  many  London  booksellers  corresponding  with 
the  Dutch.  ,  JOHN  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht,  Nov.  16,  1863. 

[Sir  Peter  Manwood  of  St.  Stephen's,  alias  Hacking- 
ton,  in  Kent,  was  the  eldest  son  of  Sir  Roger  Manwood, 
Chief  Baron  of  the  Exchequer.  Sir  Peter  was  Sheriff  of 
Kent  in  44th  Elizabeth,  and  made  Knight  of  the  Bath  in 
1603,  at  the  coronation  of  James  I.  He  was  M.P.  for 
Sandwich  in  the  years  1588,  1593,  and  1597.  He  was  not 
only  eminently  learned  himself,  but  a  patron  of  learned 
men.  He  is  mentioned  with  great  respect  by  Camden, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries  in  1C17, 


when  application  was  made  for  a  charter.  Sir  Peter 
died  in  1625,  leaving  a  numerous  issue.  He  married 
Frances,  daughter  of  Sir  George  Hart  of  Lullingstone  in 
Kent,  who  survived  her  husband,  and  died  in  1638.  Vide 
Boys's  Hist,  of  Sandwich,  1792,  p.  249 ;  and  Hasted's 
Kent,  iii.  595.] 

THE  FAULT- BAG.  —  A.  reference  is  required  to 
an  old  version  of  the  fable  which  says  that  every 
man  has  a  bag  hanging  before  him,  in  which  he 
puts  his  neighbours'  faults,  and  another  behind 
him,  in  which  he  stows  his  own.  R. 

[See  Phaedrus,  Fabularurn  ^Esopiarum,  lib.  iv.  fab.  11, 
"  De  Vitiis  Hominum."  We  give  Christopher  Smart's 
translation : 

"  THE  Two  BAGS. 

"  Great  Jove,  in  his  paternal  care, 
Has  giv'n  a  man  two  Bags  to  bear ; 
That  which  his  own  default  contains 
Behind  his  back  unseen  remains ; 
But  that  which  other's  vice  attests 
Swags  full  in  view  before  our  breasts. 
Hence  we're  inevitably  blind, 
Relating  to  the  Bag  behind ; 
But  when  our  neighbours  misdemean, 
Our  censures  are  exceeding  keen."] 

PORTIO:  PENSIO. — In  Pope  Nicolas's  Taxation' 
1291,  the  value  of  some  churches  is  made  up  (if 
I  rightly  read  it)  of  porciones  and  pensiones.  I 
have  supposed  that  a  pensio  is  the  payment  re- 
ceived by  a  mother  church  from  its  dependent 
parishes.  Is  this  so  ?  And  what  is  a  porcio  f 

T.  B.  J. 

["Pensiones  "  are  fixed  sums  of  money  paid  to  incum- 
bents in  lieu  of  tithes.  Sometimes  it  is  a  fixed  sum,  with 
which  a  benefice  is  charged,  to  pay  annually  to  some 
monastery  or  bishop.  Sometimes  benefices  are  charged 
with  an  annual  sum  ("  pensio  ")  to  be  paid  to  a  chapel  of 
ease,  or  even  to  another  benefice :  it  is  always  a  fixed 
sum.  A  "  portio  "  is  not  a  fixed  sum,  but  a  certain  pro- 
portion of  tithes,  and  payable  to  similar  parties,  &c.,  in  a 
similar  manner.] 

HISTORY  OF  FAIRS.  —  I  should  feel  obliged  if 
any  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  can  inform  me 
where  I  can  inspect  the  largest  and  best  collec- 
tions for  the  history  of  th<3  various  metropolitan 
and  provincial  fairs  from  the  earliest  periods. 

J.  H. 

[Our  correspondent  should  endeavour  to  obtain  per- 
mission to  inspect  the  curious  collections  of  the  late  J.  J. 
A.  Fillinham,  Esq.,  sold  by  Puttick  and  Simpson  on  Au- 
gust 7,  1862.  The  two  lots  (352,  353)  on  Bartholomew 
Fair  fetched  9/. ;  and  his  miscellaneous  collections  (lot 
395)  for  the  history  of  May,  Bow,  Horn,  Fairlop,  Green- 
wich, and  Camberwell  Fairs,  sold  for  15s.  See  also  lot 
396  for  his  notices  of  the  Fair  in  Hyde  Park  in  1838 ; 
and  lot  408  for  those  of  Frost  Fairs  on  the  Thames,  mounted 
in  quarto.  ] 

FRITH-SILVER. — The  clerk  of  my  parish  informs 
me  that  up  to  the  last  fifteen  or  twenty  years,  a 
payment,  chargeable  on  the  poor  rates  of  the 
parish,  was  annually  made  to  Lord  Somers,  and 
that  it  bore  commonly  the  above  name.  Can  any 


478 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"»  s.  IV.  DEC.  12,  '63. 


correspondent  inform  me  of  the  nature  of  this 
toll?  ALFRED  AINGEB. 

Alrewas,  Lichfield. 

[The  payment  called  Frith-silver  was  a  query  in  our 
1"  S.  xii.  428;  but  elicited  no  reply.  As  Frith,  is  still 
used  in  the  provinces  for  ground  overgrown  with  bushes, 
or  underwood ;  and  for  fields  which  have  been  taken  from 
woods:  so  Frith-silver  may  be  a  sort  of  fee-farm  rent 
paid  to  the  lord  of  a  manor  in  lieu  of  a  certain  number 
of  faggots  or  wood  for  domestic  purposes.] 

PARISH  OF  ST.  HELEN'S,  ABTNGDON,  BERK- 
SHIRE.— Can  you  inform  me  whether  the  old  ac- 
counts of  the  churchwardens  of  this  parish  have 
been  published  ?  and  if  so,  in  what  work  may 
they  be  found  ?  Some  curious  extracts  have  been 
given  by  the  late  Dr.  Stuart  in  his  Protestant 
Layman,  pp.  331-340  (Belfast,  1828.)  ABHBA. 

[See  the  Archceologia,  vol.  i.  pp.  11-23,  for  "  Extracts 
from  the  Churchwardens'  Accompts  of  the  Parish  of  St. 
Helen's,  in  Abington,  Berkshire,  from  the  first  Year  of 
the  Keign  of  Philip  and  Mary  to  the  34th  of  Queen  Eliza- 
beth, now  in  the  possession  of  the  Rev.  G.  Benson,  with 
some  Observations  upon  them,  by  J.  Ward."] 


THE  DEVIL. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  246,  328.) 

That  self-constituted  functionary  —  the  once 
notorious  "Devil's  Chaplain"  —  has  long  since 
finished  his  earthly  ministry ;  there  appears  to  be 
now  a  demand  for  a  "Devil's  Librarian," — let  us 
hope  a  more  harmless  officer,  —  and  candidates 
seem  not  wanting  for  the  post. 

A  satisfactorily  complete  bibliography  of  the 
subject  would  occupy  more  than  one  number  of 
"N.  &  Q."  When  such  a  special  part  shall  be 
called  for — the  "Devil's  number,"  it  may  be  ap- 
propriately designated  —  I  may  again  contribute 
my  mite  of  information.  Pending  this,  the  fol- 
lowing supplementary  Notes  may  be  of  service. 

An  attainable  pamphlet  on  the  subject,  and 
perhaps  one  of  the  most  useful  that  your  corre- 
spondent could  be  referred  to,  is  — 

"An  Inquiry  into  the  Existence  of  a  Personal  Devil, 
8vo.  London,  Sherwood  &  Co.,  1848,  pp.  96.  Price 
Is.  6d." 

(The  first  edition  of  this,  in  1842,  was  simply 
entitled  The  Devil.  But  this  title  was  "  objected 
to  as  not  being  sufficiently  explanatory  of  the  ob- 
ject of  the  book,  and  as  partaking  of  ludicrous- 
ness.") 

I  may  also  cite  — 

"An  Investigation  of  the  Scriptural  Claims  of  the 
Devil,  with  an  Explanation  of  the  Terms  Sheol,  Hades, 
and  Gehenna,  by  Russell  Scott.  8vo,  1822." 

"  A  Letter  to  the  Rev.  George  Harris,  containing  an 
Examination  of  the  Arguments  adduced  in  his  Lectures 
to  prove  the  Non-Existence  of  the  Devil.  8vo.  Liver- 
pool, 1820." 


(This,  I  believe,  was  written  by  Dr.  Barr,  mini- 
ster of  the  Scotch  Church,  Liverpool.) 

"The  Devil:  Twelve  Reasons  for  disbelieving  in  his 
Personal  Existence,  by  Owen  Howell.  12mo.  London: 
Cousins,  1860." 

"  Gehenna :  Its  Monarch  and  its  Inhabitants ;  a  Disser- 
tation on  the  Site,  Extent,  and  Antiquities  of  the  King- 
dom of  Hell ;  embracing  a  great  variety  of  Information 
respecting  its, Monarch,  &c.,  by  J.  Napier  Bailey.  8vo. 
Leeds,  1841." 

"  Essay  on  Evil  Spirits ;  or  Reasons  to  Prove  their  Ex- 
istence, by  William  Carlisle.  12mo,  1825,  &c." 

Reference  many  profitably  be  made  to  such 
books  as  the  Dictionnaire  Infernal  of  Collin  de 
Plancey ;  the  Zauber-Bibliothek  of  G.  C.  Horst 
(6  vols.  8vo,  Mainz,  1821-26);  the  Dcemonologia 
of  Don  Franc.  Torrebianca  (4to,  Moguntiae,  1623)  ; 
the  Demonologie  of  Fr.  Perreaud  (Geneve,  8vo, 
1653)  ;  De  Operatione  Dismonum  Dialogus  of  Mi- 
chaelis  Psellius  (Svo,  Lutetiaa,  1615) ;  the  Theu- 
trum  Didbolorum  (folio,  Frankfurt,  1575 ;  com- 
prising twenty- four  treatises  of  the  power  of  the 
Devil,  through  the  vices  of  mankind) ;  the  De 
Dcemoniacis,  liber  unus,  of  Petrus  Thyrseus  (4to, 
Colon.  1594) ;  the  De  Prestigiis  Dcemonum  of 
Wierus  (in  his  Opera  Omnia,  4to,  Amsterdam, 
1660).  The  answers  to  Wier  by  Bodin,  &c. ;  Por- 
phyrius,  De  Divinis  et  Demonibus,  &c. 

Then  there  is  Defoe's  well-known  History  of 
the  Devil ;  a  Histoire  du  Diable,  12mo,  2  vols.  Am- 
sterdam ;  and  the  Memoires  du  Diable  of  Frederic 
Soulie".  The  two  last  are  romances,  the  one  poor, 
the  other  clever,  but  immoral.  Besides  these,  there 
is  the  Auswahl  aus  des  Teufels  Papieren  of  Jean 
Paul  Richter,  Svo,  1789,  and  the  Memoiren  des 
Satans  of  Wilhelm  Hauff.  Of  course  it  is  to  their 
titles  alone  that  these  satirical  romances  are  in- 
debted for  a  place  in  Satanic  bibliography. 

The  subject,  treated  in  full,  would  include  the 
controversy  concerning  the  Demoniacks  of  the 
Gospel,  in  which  Farmer,  Worthington,  Fell, 
Sykes,  Hutchinson,  Twells,  Lardner,  Semler,  &c. 
took  part.  A  collection,  formed  by  Dr.  Harwood, 
of  fifteen  of  these  works,  was  recently  offered  for 
sale  by  Kerslake,  Bristol,  who  might  still  have  it 
on  hand.  Vide  also  Watt  and  Lowndes  on  this 
latter  department  of  the  subject. 

WILLIAM  BATES. 

Edgbaston. 

I  have  an  impression  that  MR.  GROSART  has  not 
such  a  virgin  soil  to  cultivate  as  he  calculates  on. 
The  1400  pages  of  the  Theatrum  Diabolorum,  pub- 
lished by  Sigmund  Feyraberd  (Frankfort,  1587), 
with  the  three  or  four  hundred  authorities  sys- 
tematically catalogued  at  the  commencement  of 
the  work,  can  scarcely  be  described  as  a  fugitive 
paper.  The  first  two  hundred  pages  on  "Der 
Teufiel  Selbs,"  seems  to  contain  more  especially 
what  your  correspondent  inquires  for.  Deinon- 
ology  and  witchcraft  (for  the  two  are  so  connected 


3rd  S.  IV.  DEC.  12,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


479 


that  I  have  found  it  impracticable  to  separate 
them  in  cataloguing  my  own  library),  form  an  ex- 
tensive subject.  I  have  not  Watt's  Bibliotheca 
•within  reach,  but  at  the  risk  of  writing  what  I 
might  not  have  done  if  I  had  had  it  to  refer  to,  I 
have  selected  from  my  own  shelves  the  following, 
as  being  sufficiently  curious  to  particularise :  — 

Bekker,  Balthazar,  D.D. :  The  World  bewitch'd,  or  an 
Examination  of  the  common  Opinions  concerning  Spirits, 
their  Nature,  Power,  Administration,  and  Operations. 
12mo,  London,  1695. 

Beaumont,  John:  Historical,  Physiological,  and  The- 
ological Treatise  of  Spirits  (containing,  among  other 
things,  an  Answer  to  the  preceding  work).  8vo,  London, 
1705. 

Bovett,  Richard :  Pandsemonium,  or  the  Devil's  Cloyster. 
Two  parts.  12mo,  London,  1684. 

Cotta,  John :  Infallible,  trve  and  assvred  Witch.  4to, 
London,  1624. 

De  Lancre,  Pierre :  Tableau  de  1'Inconstance  des  mav- 
vais  Anges  et  Demons,  ov  il  est  amplement  traicte'  des 
sorciers  et  de  la  sorcelerie.  4to,  a  Paris,  1612. 

[De  Loier,  Pierre] :  Treatise  of  Specters,  or  straunge 
Sights,  Visions,  and  Apparitions,  appearing  sensibly  vnto 
men  ;  wherein  is  delivered  the  nature  of  Spirites,  Angels, 
and  Divels,  their  Power  and  Properties,  &c.  [translated 
from  the  French  by  Zacharie  Jones].  4to,  London,  1605. 

Du  Lude,  Comte:  Acuij.ovoXuyia,  or  a  Treatise  of 
Spirits,  wherein  several  Places  of  Scripture  are  expounded 
against  the  vulgar  Errors  concerning  Witchcraft,  Appa- 
ritions, &c.  8vo,  London,  1723. 

Giffard,  George :  Dialogue  concerning  Witches  and 
Witchcrafts ;  in  which  is  laved  open  how  craftily  the  Diuell 
deceiueth  not  onely  the  Witches  but  many  other,  and  so 
leadeth  them  awrie  into  manie  great  Errours.  4to,  Lon- 
don, 1603. 

Lawrence,  Henry :  Of  our  Communion  and  Warre  with 
Angels.  4to,  printed  A.D.  1646. 

Perkins,  William :  Discovrse  of  the  damned  Art  of 
Witchcraft,  so  farre  forth  as  it  is  reuealed  in  the  Scrip- 
tures, and  manifest  by  true  experience.  8vo,  Cambridge, 
1610. 

Roberts,  Alexander :  Treatise  of  Witchcraft,  wherein 
sundry  propositions  are  laid  downe,  plainely  discouering 
the  wickednesse  of  that  damnable  Art,  with  Diuerse  other 
speciall  points  annexed,  not  impertinent  to  the  same. 
4to,  London,  1616. 

Scot,  Reginald :  Discovery  of  Witchcraft,  &c.,  wbere- 
unto  is  added  a  Discourse  of  Devils  and  Spirits.  Fol. 
London,  1665. 

Torreblanca,  Don  Francisco :  Dsemonologia,  sive  de 
Magia  Natural!,  Dajmoniaca,  licita  et  illicita,  deq.  aperta 
et  occulta  interueuntione  et  inuocatione  daemonis.  4to, 
Mogvntiaa,  1623. 

Wagstaffe,  John:  The  Question  of  Witchcraft  Debated, 
or  a  Discourse  against  their  Opinion  that  affirm  Witches, 
considered  and  enlarged.  8vo,  London,  1671. 

Magica :  De  Spectris  et  Apparitionibus  Spiritu,  de  Va- 
ticiniis  Divinationibus,  &c.  12mo,  Lug.  Bat.  1656. 

Secrets  of  the  Invisible  World  laid  open,  or  a  General 
History  of  Apparitions,  Sacred  and  Prophane,  whether 
Angelical,  Diabolical,  or  departed  Souls.  12mo,  London, 
1770. 

Trinvm  Magicvm,  sive  Secretorvm  Magicorvm  opvs. 
12mo,  Frankfort,  1630.  [It  contains  a  "Tractatus  de 
proprii  cujusque  nati  dsemonis  inquisitione,"  which,  from 
identity  of  title,  1  presume  to  be  one  of  the  treatises  re- 
ferred to  by  PROFESSOR  DE  MORGAN.! 


Aubrey's  Miscellanies  and  the  notes  to  Borde- 
lon's  History  of  Mom.  Oufle  contain  kindred 
matter :  and  other  works  on  similar  subjects, 
which  I  will  not  further  trespass  on  your  space  by 
describing,  may  be  traced  under  the  names  of 
Fraser,  Glanvil,  Hale,  James  L,  Hutchinson, 
Granville  Sharp,  Sir  Walter  Scott,  Swinden, 
Tryon,  Webster,  &c.  J.  F.  M. 

For  some  curious  illustrations  of  the  Icono- 
graphy of  the  Evil  Spirit,  see  M.  Didron's  Icono- 
graphie  Chretienne,  Paris,  1843,  one  volume  only 
published  :  Satan,  with  a  nimbus,  tormenting  Job, 
tenth  century,  pp.  188,  139.  The  Temptation, 
twelfth  century,  pp.  259, 260.  The  Spirit  of  Evil, 
black  and  bat-winged,  pp.  452 — 454.  The  Trinity 
of  Evil,  pp.  519— 521. 

JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORKARD,  M.A. 


"  0  thou,  whate'er  thie  name, 

Or  Zabalus  or  Queed,* 
Comme,  steel  mie  sable  spryte 
For  fremde  and  dolefulle  dede." 

So  sang  Rowlie,  or  some  other  under  that  name ; 
and  in  tracing  the  existence  of  an  evil  spirit, 
whether  in  Milton's  "  nonsense"  or  in  Mr.  Beck- 
ford's  hall  of  Eblis,  I  hope  your  correspondent, 
MR.  GROSART,  will  not  forget  to  look  into  De 
Foe's  History  of  the  Devil,  Ancient  and  Modern,  a 
book  far  more  reverential  than  the  title  would 
seem  to  indicate.  W. 


DEVIL,  A  PROPER  NAME  (3rd  S.  iv.  141,  418.) 
A.  A.  will  find  "  Devil"  used  as  a  patronymic  in 
the  following  instance.  It  is  in  the  account  of  the 
engagement  of  the  privateer,  the  "  Terrible,"  with 
the  "Vengeance"  in  1758: — Captain  Death  of 
the  "Terrible"  was  killed,  and  out  of  his  crew 
but  twenty-six  were  found  alive,  when  the  enemy 
boarded,  and  out  of  these  sixteen  had  lost  a  leg  or 
arm,  and  the  other  ten  were  wounded. 

A  note  in  the  History  of  England  (Hume  & 
Smollett's,  with  continuation  by  Rev.  T.  S. 
Hughes)  adds  :  — 

"  There  was  a  strange  combination  of  names  belonging 
to  this  Privateer:  the  Terrible,  equipped  at  Execution 
Dock,  commanded  by  Captain  Death,  whose  lieutenant 
was  called  Devil,  and  who  had  one  Ghost  for  surgeon." — 
Vol.  xii.  p.  257. 

Again,  the  following  extract  from  Howitfs 
Visits  to  Remarkable  Places  may  prove  of  interest : 

"  Dilston,  the  ancient  seat  of  the  Earls  of  Derwent- 
water,  is  beautifully  situated  on  an  eminence  within  a 
mile  of  the  river  Tyne,  at  its  confluence  with  the  "Devil's 
Water,"  three  miles  east  of  Hexham,  and  eighteen  west 
of  Newcastle.  Dilston  is  a  corruption  of  Devilstone,  and 
was  originally  the  residence  of  the  family  of  that  name. 

*  /.  e.  Diabolus,  the  accuser  or  calumniator ;  Queed, 
Belg.  quaede,  the  wicked  one. 


480 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  DEC.  12,  '63. 


William,  son  of  Aluric,  was  Lord  of  Devylstone  in  the 
reign  of  Henry  I." — Vol.  ii.  p.  579. 

OxONIENSIS. 

P.S.  It  would  be  more  correct  to  say  Dilston 
Hall  did  stand  or  had  stood ;  for  it  was  pulled 
down  in  1768,  and  but  few  remains  left. 


CRANMER  FAMILY. 
(2nd  S.  xii.  97.) 

A  short  note,  at  the  page  here  cited,  showed  a 
connection  with  the  Nortons  of  Sharpenhoe.  I 
have  lately  noticed,  in  the  preface  to  the  reprint 
of  Gorboduc,  issued  in  1847  by  the  Shakspeare 
Society,  the  statement  of  the  editor  that  little  was 
known  of  the  family  of  Thomas  Norton.  As  the 
pedigree  to  which  I  referred  gives  much  light 
on  this  point,  I  venture  to  copy  a  portion ;  be- 
lieving your  readers  will  feel  an  interest  in  these 
details  concerning  the  author  of  the  "  earliest 
tragedy  in  the  English  language."  This  pedigree, 
signed  by  John  Philipott,  Somersett,  was  "  partly 
added  "  by  Thomas  Norton,  the  author. 

Instead  of  being  of  an  obscure  family,  it  is  here 
claimed  that  his  great-grandfather  was  son  of 
Sir  John  Norton,  alias  Norvile ;  who  married  a 
daughter  of  the  Lord  Grey  de  Ruthyn,  referring 
for  proof  to  the  will  of  Joane  Norland,  daughter 
of  the  said  Sir  John. 

John  Norton,  of  Sharpenhoe,  had  a  son  John 
Norton  ;  who  had  by  a  second  wife,  Jane,  daugh- 
ter of  John  Cowper,  seven  children :  Thomas 
Norton,  the  eldest  son,  was  of  Sharpenhoe,  and 
is  mentioned  by  Mr.  Cooper  in  his  preface.  He 
married,  first,  Elizabeth  Merry ;  and  had  Margaret, 
who  married  a  Symons,  Thomas,  the  author,  and 
Joan,  who  married  first  a  Spicer,  and  secondly 
a  Barrett.  He  married  secondly,  Elizabeth,  daugh- 
ter of Marshall,  and  widow  of  Ralph  Rad- 

cliff;  and  had  Luke,  who  married  Lettice,  daugh- 
ter of  George  Gravely.  He  married,  thirdly,  the 
widow  of  Mr.  Osborne ;  and  had  Daniel,  Barna- 
bas, and  Isaac. 

Thomas  Norton,  the  author,  son  of  the  above 
Thomas  by  his  first  wife,  married  first  Margaret, 
daughter  of  Thomas  Cranmer,  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury,  who  died  s. p. ;  and  secondly  Alice, 
daughter  of  Edmond  Cranmer,  brother  of  Thomas, 
by  whom  he  had  five  children.  These  were  :  1. 
Anne,  who  married  Sir  George  Coppin,  and  had 
Robert  and  Thomas ;  2.  Elizabeth,  who  married 
first  Miles  Raynesford,  and  had  Robert  and  Gar- 
rett,  and  secondly,  Symon  Bassell,  by  whom  she 
had  Symon ;  3.  Thomas,  died  at  Cambridge ;  4. 
Robert  Norton,  who  married  Anne,  daughter  of 
Robert  Heure,  and  had  Thomas,  Robert,  Thomas, 
Richard,  and  Anne ;  5.  Henry,  died  s.  p.  prob.  ; 
€.  William,  who  married  Ruth  Harding. 


These  facts  are  in  part  confirmed  by  Mr.  Wil- 
liam Durrant  Cooper's  memoir. 

Richard  Norton,  uncle  of  our  author,  married 
Margery  Wingar  of  Sharpenhoe  ;  and  had  Wil- 
liam, who  married  first  Margery,  daughter  of 
William  Hawes,  and  widow  of  Mr.  Hamon ;  and 
secondly,  Dennis  Cholmley,  niece  of  Sir  Nicholas 
Hare,  Master  of  the  Rolls.  By  his  first  wife  he 
had  William,  who  married  Alice,  daughter  of  John 
Browest;  and  had  John  and  William,  who 'came 
to  New  England.  Of  these,  John  was  born 
May  6,  1606,  at  Starford  (Bishop's  Stortford?), 
in  Hertfordshire;  was  a  noted  clergyman,  and 
came  here  in  1634. 

If  these  facts  relative  to  so  distinguished  a 
writer  are  new  to  English  readers,  is  it  not  a 
fresh  proof  of  the  necessity  of  more  ^equent  and 
liberal  exchanges  of  information  between  Old 
England  and  New  ? 

Will  not  some  of  your  readers  follow  up  the 
clue,  and  give  us  more  particulars  as  to  these 
relatives  of  Cranmer  ?  W.  H.  WHITMORB. 

Boston,  U.  S.  A. 


TITUS  GATES  (3rd  S.  iv.  373.)  —  Eighteen  Ca- 
tholics were  executed  as  traitors  implicated  in 
Oates's  pretended  plot.  Accounts  are  given  of  the 
following  sufferers  in  Bishop  Challoner's  Memoirs 
of  Missionary  Priests  and  other  Catholics,  who 
have  suffered  Death  in  England  on  Religious  Ac- 
counts from  1577  to  1684:  — 

1678.  Edward  Coleman,  gentleman. 

1679.  William  Ireland,  S.  J. 
John  Grove,  layman. 

Thomas  Pickering,  laybrother,  0.  S.  B. 

Lawrence  Hill,  layman. 

Robert  Green,  layman. 

Thomas  Whitebfead,  alias  Harcot,   Provincial, 

S.  J. 

William  Harcourt,  alias  Waring,  S.  J. 
John  Fenwiok,  S.  J. 
John  Gowan,  or  Gawan,  S.  J. 
Anthony  Turner,  S.  J. 
Edward  Mico,  S.  J.,  died  in  prison. 
Thomas  Momford,  alias  Bedingfield,  S.  J.,  died 

in  prison. 
Francis  Nevill,  S.  J.,  died  from  being  flung  down 

stairs  by  the  pursuivants  who  took  him. 
Thomas  Jenison,  S.  J.,  died  in  prison. 
Richard  Langhorne,  gentleman. 

1680.  William,  Viscount  Stafford. 

The  above  all  suffered  under  the  false  charge  of 
being  concerned  in  Oates's  plot;  but  several  other 
priests  and  lay  Catholics  suffered  either  death  or 
imprisonment  for  their  religion  alone,  in  conse- 
quence of  the  renewed  activity  of  informers  occa- 
sioned by  the  infamous  perjuries  of  Gates  and 
Bedloe.  F.  C.  H. 

"  TOM  TIDLER'S  GROUND  "  (3rd  S.  iv.  454.)  — 
Whatever  may  be  the  locality,  or  the  real  signifi- 


S.  IV.  DEC.  12,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


481 


cation  of  this  expression,  it  certainly  was  not 
coined  by  Dickens  in  1861 ;  for  I  knew  it  sixty 
years  ago.  An  old  game  at  school  was  so  called. 
One  boy  was  Tom  Tidier,  and  his  ground  was 
marked  off  with  a  boundary  line.  He  had  heaps 
of  sticks,  stones,  &c.,  supposed  to  be  his  treasures. 
The  game  consisted  of  a  lot  of  boys  invading  his 
ground,  and  attempting  to  carry  off  his  treasures, 
each  calling  out,  "Here  I'm  on  Tom  Tidier s 
ground,  picking  up  gold  and  silver."  Meanwhile 
Tom  was  by  no  means  a  sluggard,  but  briskly  de- 
fended his  property,  and  drove  off  the  thieves  with 
a  whip  or  switch.  F.  C.  H. 

ST.  TERESA'S  AUTOGRAPH  :  HER  LIFE,  ETC. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  460.) — Allow  me  to  inform  your  cor- 
respondent CI-ARRY  that  I  must  decline  answering 
his  Query  respecting  the  authenticity  of  St.  Te- 
resa's autograph.  As  the  evidence  satisfies  my- 
self, I  see  no  necessity  for  entering  into  any 
details,  especially  as  I  consider  the  Query  is  put 
in  a  way  very  offensive  to  a  Catholic  priest,  such 
as  I  have  the  happiness  to  be. 

I  am  pained  that  your  correspondent  should 
consider  it  necessary  to  repeat  the  unjust  and  un- 
becoming expression  of  Mr.  Ford,  who  in  his 
usual  off-hand  and  scoffing  manner  terms  a  Saint 
— who  is  loved  and  revered  by  the  whole  Catholic 
world — "  the  crazy  nun  of  Avila."  If  CLARRT 
supposes  —  as  he  seems  to  do — that  Mr.  Ford  is 
the  great  authority  for  "  the  life,  death,  and  mir- 
acles "  of  St.  Teresa,  he  is  sadly  mistaken.  Much 
as  I  esteem  his  Handbook  for  Spain  for  its  most 
valuable  and  interesting  information  connected 
with  the  manners,  customs,  literature,  and  general 
history  of  Spain,  &c.,  I  certainly  lament  —  in  com- 
mon with  every  candid  Protestant —  that  he  should 
have  spoken  in  such  a  flippant  and  irreverent 
manner  of  the  religion  of  the  Spanish  nation,  and 
should  have  so  unnecessarily  wounded  the  re- 
ligious feelings  of  his  numerous  Spanish  friends, 
by  whom  he  was  always  treated  with  such  kind- 
ness and  hospitality.  „ 

Your  correspondent  appeal's  to  confound  legends 
•with  miracles  —  as  if  they  were  both  one  and  the 
same!  No  Catholic  is  bound  to  believe  a  word, 
either  of  the  miracles  or  legends  connected  with 
Saint  Teresa  (or  any  other  saint),  except  so 
far  as  the  "  law  of  evidence "  may  incline  his 
understanding  to  accept  the  proofs  of  the  mi- 
racles. 

If  your  correspondent  would  peruse  the  proper 
authorities  for  the  life  and  miracles  of  St.  Te- 
resa—  such  as  her  Life  by  Diego  de  Yepez  and 
Francisco  de  Ribera,  referred  to  by  Mr.  Ford 
himself — he  will,  I  hope  and  trust,  have  a  much 
higher  idea  of  the  glorious  saint  than  calling  her 
"  the  crazy  nun  of  Avila."  In  English,  Alban 
Butler,  in  his  admirable  Lives  of  the  Saints,  gives 
a  very  excellent  sketch  of  St.  Teresa's  life  and 


miracles  (Oct.  1 5).  But  the  most  valuable  and 
interesting  work  that  has  ever  been  published  on 
St.  Teresa,  is  that  written  by  the  Bollandists, 
and  entitled  Ada  Santa  Teresice  aJesu  (Brussells, 
1845,  folio).  What  a  vast  difference  between  its 
learning,  solidity  of  reasoning,  and  critical  acu- 
men, displayed  on  every  page,  and  the  superficial 
scoffing  tone  unfortunately  adopted  by  Mr.  Ford, 
in  the  sketch  he  gives  of  the  saint,  when  speaking 
of  Avila  in  bis  Handbook  for  Spain!  (Edit.  1855, 
vol.  ii.  p.  745,  &c.). 

It  is,  however,  only  just  to  the  memory  of  Mr. 
Ford  to  state,  that  before  he  died,  he  expressed 
to  a  friend  how  much  he  regretted  having  spoken 
j  of  religious  subjects  as  he  did  connected  with 
Spain — subjects  that  had  little  or  nothing  to  do 
with  the  real  object  of  his  invaluable  work. 

J.  D  ALTON. 
Norwich. 

P.S.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  your  correspon- 
dents will  endeavour  to  avoid  all  subjects  which 
might  lead  to  unpleasant  religious  controversy  in 
"  N.  &  Q."  I  consider  the  Query  of  CLARRT 
was  unsuitable  for  your  esteemed  publication, 
with  all  due  deference  for  your  own  opinion. 


Some  derive  this  name  from  (hjpoT^s,  a  hunter; 
others  from  the  Island  of  Therasia,  one  of  the 
Sporades;  or  from  Theresia,  Therasia,  Tarasia, 
feminines  formed  from  a  proper  name,  Tarasius. 
Qu.  From  Gapavs,  ela,  bold;  or  the  Arabic  turs,  a 
"  shield,"  "  buckler."  The  Sp.  and  It.  have  Teresa 
(Sp.  dim.  Teresita)  ;  Fr.  Therese,  Eng.  Theresa; 
whence  Tracy,  Tracey,  Treacy,  Traies ;  and  per- 
haps Thres,  Tress,  Tresse,  Truss,  Tressal,  and 
Tressan.  R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 

"  ROBERT  ROBINSON  "  AND  "  COUSIN  PHILLIS  " 
(3rd  S.  iv.  458.) — My  account  appeared  on  Oc- 
tober 30,  and  the  novel  two  days  before.  I  do 
not  know  who  is  the  author  of  the  novel,  and  I 
have  not  the  least  reason  to  suppose  that  the 
novelist  and  myself  using  Geo.  Dyer's  Life  about 
the  same  time  was  anything  but  mere  coinci- 
dence. 

What  makes  your  correspondent  call  Robinson 
a  "  dissenting  Parson  Trulliber?"  Ever  since  I 
learnt  at  Cambridge  that  the  way  to  detect  a 
wrong-armed  balance  is  to  make  the  weight  and 
the  goods  change  scales,  and  see  if  they  then 
match,  I  have  employed  this  method  in  trying 
similes,  and  have  got  much  amusement  thereby ; 
and  never  more  than  when,  this  day,  I  hunted  up 
Joseph  Andrews,  and  read  the  account  of  the  il- 
literate and  brutal  pig-feeler  as  that  of  an  "  as- 
senting Pastor  Robinson."  Surely  A  is  as  like  B 
as  B  is  like  A :  or  else  the  absurdity  —  as  it  is 
usually  called  —  "Caesar  and  Pompey  are  very 
much  alike,  especially  Pompey,"  is  no  absurdity 


482 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"1  S.  IV.  DEC.  12,  '63. 


at  all.     But  if,  which  I  hope  is  not  the  case,  the  j 
simile  be  an  application  of  the  satirical  rule  of  j 
three — as  Robinson  is  to  Trulliber,    so  is  dis- 
senting minister  who  farms  to  assenting  minister 
who  farms,  I  must  say,  from  knowledge  of  several 
who  come  under  the  fourth  term  of  the  propor- 
tion, that  the  sum  is  far  from  correctly  stated. 

A.  DE  MORGAN. 

EXECUTIONS  (3rd  S.  iy.  186,  282.)  — A  volu- 
minous work,  Memoires  of  the  seven  hereditary 
executioners  in  Paris,  between  1688  and  1847, 
has  recently  been  published  by  the  present  re- 
presentative of  the  Sanson  dynasty :  authenti- 
cated by  his  armoiries  parlantes — a  cracked  bell, 
with  the  motto,  "  Sans  son,"  and  the  signifi- 
cant supporters  of  a  brace  of  bloodhounds.  An 
out-and-out  sensational  drama  this :  worth  a 
hundred  Thurtell-gigs  or  Camberwell-cabs,  to  any 
London  theatre — royal  or  penny  gaff!  But  I 
"  make  a  note  of  it"  for  an  incident's  sake,  which 
throws  into  shade  the  carnificial  curiosity  of  Sel- 
wyn  and  Boswell. 

In  1793,  when  the  Reign  of  Terror  had  reached 
its  perihelion,  and  the  followers  of  this  and  that 
faction  were  alternating  to  the  scaffold  by  daily 
dozens  and  scores,  an  Englishman  offered  Sanson 
the  sixth  WL  sterling  for  admission  as  one  of  his 
valets  to  the  next  morning's  guillotinade ;  and, 
the  bribe  being  declined,  went  off  in  a  huff, 
vowing  that  he  would  accomplish  his  purpose, 
malgre  Monsieur  TExecuteur  des  Hautes  (Euvres. 
(How  much  more  euphuistic  than  our  curt  "Jack 
Ketch ! ") 

Not  long  after,  it  being  a  grand  field-day  in 
the  Place  de  Greve,  as  the  charettes  were  emptying 
their  respective  companies  at  the  scaffold's  foot, 
and  Monsieur  de  Paris  was  telling  off  his  gibier, 
he  descried  his  English  visitor  bustling  among 
them,  suitably  got  up  as  a  death-flunkey,  and 
sporting  the  bonnet  rouge.  Seemingly  unaware  of 
the  trick,  he  bade  the  trickster  drive  the  charettes 
back  to  the  prison  stables,  and  disappointed  him 
of  his  amusement. 

Who  was  this  sanguinolent  sight-seeker  ?  Nim- 
ble-witted  Selvvyn  is  reported  to  have  ridden  post 
to  Paris  for  an  autopsy  of  Damien's  long  agony  ; 
and  biographic  Boswell  parsonified  an  extra- 
ordinary for  a  seat  in  the  same  vehicle  with  Hack- 
man  to  Tyburn ;  but  what  were  they,  compared 
with  the  Tom  Noddy,  who  defiled  an  English 
head  with  a  French  bonnet  rouge,  and  sought 
service  among  the  valetaille  of  the  guillotine  ? 

E.  L.  S. 

BERRY,  OR  BURY  (3rd  S.  iv.  304,  401.)  —Your 
correspondent  will  find  a  curious  dissertation  on 
this  word  in  Verstegan's  Restitution  of  Decayed 
Intelligence,  p.  211.  THOMAS  E.  WINJJINGTON. 

DERIVATION  OF  "PAMPHLET"  (3rd  S.  iv.  379.) — 
In  support  of  Dr.  Ash,  I  append  an  extract  from 


Thomas  Hoccleve's  Poems,  printed  (for  the  first 
time)  in  1796,  p.  77  :  — 

"  Go  litil  pamfilet,  and  straight  thee  dresse 
Unto  the  noble  rootid  gentillesse 
Of  the  mighty  prince  of  famous  honour, 

My  gracious  Lord  of  Yorke ." 

J.  W. 

SINGAPORE  (3rd  S.  iv.  395.) — The  European 
residents  do  not  understand  Chinese,  but  there  is 
a  mongrel  language  vulgarly  called  pigeon  (pidgin 
=  bidgin,  bidg-ness  =  business)  English,  which 
answers  ordinary  purposes.  In  order  to  protect  our 
authority  in  a  place  where  we  are  so  out-numbered, 
it  is  necessary  to  have  a  popular  Chinaman  in 
office ;  and  accordingly,  one  who  was  originally  a 
cooly,  is  now  on  the  bench  (magisterial),  and  has 
done  good  service.  Mr.  Oliphant  was  quite  correct 
with  regard  to  a  knowledge  of  the  real  Chinese 
language.  S. 

THE  BROTHERS  OF  MRS.  HEMANS  (3rd  S.  iv.  323, 
360,  421.) — In  reference  to  the  anxious  inquiries 
of  my  friend  MR.  WM.  KELLY,  I  beg  leave  to  say 
that  I  have  abstained  to  the  present  from  giving 
him  the  information  he  desires,  expecting  that 
some  other  person  would  do  so  ;  and  apprehend- 
ing that  I  might  be  intruding  upon  the  privacy 
of  my  highly  respected  friend  Lieut.-Colonel 
George  Browne,  C.B.  I  am  truly  happy  in  being 
able  to  state  that  this  gentleman — the  youngest 
brother  of  the  late  Mrs.  Felicia  Hemans,  the 
celebrated  poetess — is  well,  hearty,  and  happy  : 
the  life  and  soul  of  the  circle  in  which  he  lives 
and  shines.  He  is,  I  should  say,  the  officer  whose 
charming  gaiety  and  friendship  made  such  an 
agreeable  impression  upon  the  father  of  Mr.  Kelly 
in  America:  for  my  gallant  friend  served  with 
his  regiment  in  that  country,  and  he  is  still  the 
man  to  repeat  the  pleasant  scene  so  graphically 
described  by  my  worthy  neighbour. 

Not  long  since,  I  had  the  pleasure  of  meeting 
Colonel  Browne  in  France ;  and  although  the 
French  knew  well  he  w^  their  active  enemy  in 
the  Peninsula,  upwards  of  half  a  century  ago, 
they  evidently  honoured,  esteemed,  and  admired 
him.  Not  quite  so  much,  however,  as  he  is 
honoured,  esteemed,  nnd  admired  in  the  city  of 
Dublin.  Why,  you  may  ask,  should  allusion  be 
thus  made  to  the  Irish  metropolis  ?  For  a  long 
time  (not  less  than  twenty  years  prior  to  1857, 
when  he  retired),  Colonel  Browne  acted  as  Chief 
Commissioner  of  Police  in  Ireland  ;  and  those  who 
know  anything  of  the  wild  agitation — political,  and 
something  more — which  prevailed  there  through- 
out the  greater  part  of  his  service,  may  form  an 
opinion  of  the  arduous  duties  imposed  upon  him. 
Owing  to  his  singular  good  temper,  kindness  of 
heart,  and  forbearance,  combined  with  unceasing 
care  of  the  important  force  under  his  command, 
and  also  care  for  the  public  peace,  the  heavy  hand 


IV.  DEC.  12,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


483 


of  justice  generally  stopped  dangerous  enthusiasts, 
and  would-be-rebels,  ere  they  had  proceeded  too 
far  on  the  road  to  ruin.  Notwithstanding  this 
most  trying  position,  the  name  of  my  gallant 
friend  was  never  mentioned  by  any  party  with 
disrespect,  or  disapprobation.  In  1857,  the  go- 
vernment acknowledged  his  valuable  services  by 
allowing  him  to  retire  from  his  Commissionership 
on  full  salary ;  which,  with  good  health,  may  he 
long  enjoy.  He  had  an  elder  brother,  Lieut.- 
General  Sir  Thomas  Henry  Browne,  K.C.H. ;  the 
date  of  whose  death  I  have  no  convenient  means 
of  ascertaining.  SUTTON  COKKRAN. 

Leicester. 

ST.  MARY  OF  EGYPT  :  CURIOUS  PAINTING  ON 
GLASS  (3rd  S.  iv.  433.)— The  Life  of  this  cele- 
brated penitent  was  written  by  a  grave  author  of 
the  fifth  century,  named  Sophronius.  In  the 
course  of  it,  he  relates  what  undoubtedly  gave 
rise  to  the  painting  alluded  to  by  W.  D.  The 
saint,  in  relating  the  history  of  her  life  to  Zosi- 
mus,  the  priest  who  discovered  her  in  the  desert, 
acknowledged  with  great  humility  and  compunc- 
tion, that  she  had  abandoned  herself  at  an  early 
age  to  a  life  of  infamy  ;  and  that  one  time  seeing 
a  number  of  pilgrims  about  to  embark  at  Alex- 
andria for  Jerusalem,  she  had  a  great  wish  to 
accompany  them,  not  out  of  any  devotion,  but  to 
find  among  the  crowd  of  people  further  oppor- 
tunities of  sinful  gratification.  She  added  that, 
having  no  money  to  pay  her  passage,  she  resolved  to 
abandon  herself  to  the  first  whom  she  might  meet. 
And  that,  during  the  voyage,  she  induced  many 
to  fall ;  which  made  her  now  tremble  to  think  of, 
and  wonder  why  the  sea  was  not  allowed  to  swal- 
low her  up,  or  that  she  had  not  been  struck  with 
lightning  from  heaven. 

Here  we  have  the  origin  of  the  extraordinary 
painting,  described  in  the  extract  from  Sainte 
Foix :  "  Comment  la  Sainte  offrit  son  corps  au 
batelier  pour  son  passage."  It  probably  formed 
one  of  a  series,  representing  the  principal  events 
of  her  wonderful  history ;  but,  with  every  allow- 
ance for  the  good  intentions  of  the  artists  of  olden 
times,  both  in  sculpture  and  painting,  it  was  cer- 
tainly high  time  for  a  representation  so  grossly 
unbecoming  to  be  removed.  F.  C.  H. 

CHOAK-JADE  AT  NEWMARKET  (3rd  S.  iv.  410.) 
The  Devil's  Dyke  on  Newmarket  Heath,  said  to 
have  been  formerly .  the  boundary  between  the 
East  Angles  and  the  Mercians,  is  cut  through  by 
the  race-course.  No  doubt  it  derived  the  name  of 
"  Choak- Jade  "  from  the  ignobile  vulgus  of  the 
running  horses  beginning  to  indicate  at  about 
that  spot  that  they  had  had  enough  of  it.  Who 
were  Messrs.  Heber  and  Pond  ?  VEBNA. 

ST.  MARY  MATFELON  (3rd  S.  iv.  5,  419,  &c.)— 
It  appears  by  reference  to  Pennant's  London,  8vo 


ed.  p.  371,  that  he  does  not  make  the  supposed 
Hebrew  word  to  mean  pariturcs,  but  "lately  de- 
livered of  her  Holy  Child."  This  would  confirm 
the  suggestion  last  made.  The  dedication,  in  fact, 
would  be  the  Nativity.  VEBNA. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

The  Works  of  William  Shakespeare.  The  Text  revised  by 
the  Rev.  Alexander  Dyce.  In  Eight  Volumes.  Vol.  2. 
Second  Edition.  (Chapman  &  Hall.) 

This  title-page  does  not  do  justice  to  the  book.  It  is 
no  mere  reprint  of  Mr.  Dyce's  first  edition,  with  a  few 
corrections  and  amendments,  but  essentially  a  new  book : 
undertaken  upon  principles  far  different,  nay,  almost  the  op- 
posite to,  those  by  which  its  editor  was  formerly  actuated. 
"  If,"  says  Mr.  Dyce,  "  the  most  eminent  classical  scholars, 
in  editing  the  dramas  of  antiquity,  have  not  scrupled 
frequently  to  employ  conjecture  for  the  restoration  of  the 
text,  I  cannot  understand  why  an  editor  of  Shakespeare — 
whose  plays  have  come  down  to  us  no  less  disfigured  by 
corruption  than  the  masterpieces  of  the  Athenian  stage — 
should  hesitate  to  adopt  the  happiest  of  the  emendations 
proposed  from  time  to  time,  during  more  than  a  century 
and  a  half,  by  men  of  great  sagacity  and  learning,  always 
assuming  that  the  deviations  from  the  early  editions  are 
duly  recorded."  Admitting  the  cogency  of  this  reason- 
ing, and  few  will  dispute  it,  whose  judgment  is  not 
blinded  by  a  superstitious  belief  in  the  accuracy  of  the 
early  Quartoes  and  first  Folio ;  it  would  be  hard  to  find 
an  editor  with  higher  claims  to  carry  out  such  principles 
than  Mr.  Dyce.  A  ripe  scholar,  who  has  made  the  litera- 
ture of  the  Elizabethan  period  for  many  years  the  subject 
of  his  studies,  he  enters  on  the  task  of  so  editing  Shake- 
speare with  many  advantages ;  and  all  must  be  prepared 
to  receive,  at  least  with  respect,  a  text  which  has  satisfied 
his  judgment.  Nor  will  an  examination  of  such  text 
disappoint  the  reader.  Mr.  Dyce,  in  ceasing  to  be  a 
timid  editor,  has  not  become  a  rash  one ;  and,  although 
we  do  not  admit  every  reading  which  he  has  adopted, 
there  is  not  a  passage  which  does  not  show  evidence  of  a 
judicious  and  loving  criticism. 

A.  History  of  the  World  from  the  earliest  Records  to  the 
Present  Time.  By  Philip  Smith,  B.A.  In  Monthly 
Parts  and  Half-yearly  Volumes.  Part  I.  (Walton  & 
Maberly.) 

This  is  an  attempt  to  supply  the  English  reader  with  a 
history  of  the  world  similar  in  character  and  object  to 
those  with  which  Muller,  Schlosser,  Von  Rotteck,  and 
Duncker  have  supplied  the  readers  of  Germany.  Mr. 
Smith  proposes  to  trace  the  story  of  Divine  Providence 
and  human  progress  in  one  connected  narrative,  con- 
densed enough  to  keep  it  within  a  reasonable  size,  but 
yet  so  full  as  to  be  free  from  the  baldness  of  an  epitome. 
Mr.  Smith's  experience,  as  one  of  the  principal  contribu- 
tors to  the  Dictionaries  of  Greek  and  Roman  Antiquities, 
Biography,  and  Geography,  has  done  much  to  qualify 
him  for  such  a  task. 

The  Fine  Arts  Quarterly  Review,  No.  II.  (Chapman  & 
Hall.) 

This  has  reached  us  so  long  after  publication,  that  we 
must  content  ourselves  with  stating  that  it  is  quite  equal 
to  the  opening  number  in  variety  and  interest,  and  with 


484 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  DEC.  12,  '63. 


calling  attention  to  Mr.  Panizzi's  proof  that  Francesco 
da  Bologna,  the  type-founder  of  the  Aldine  characters, 
was  Francesco  Raibolini,  called  Francia,  the  worthy  con- 
temporary of  Leonardo,  Raphael,  and  Michael  Angelo,— 
great  as  a  painter,  great  as  an  engraver,  great  as  a  me- 
dallist, and  without  equal  as  a  type  cutter. 

Mrs.  Lirriper's  Lodgings. 

To  criticise  the  Christmas  Xumber  of  All  the  Year 
Round,  after  it  has  drawn  forth  the  tears  and  smiles  of 
half  the  readers  in  England,  would  be  a  work  of  supere- 
rogation. The  mingled  humour  and  pathos  with  which 
Mr.  Dickens  has  painted  the  clouds  and  sunshine  of  Mrs. 
Lirriper's  domestic  life,  prove  that  his  righ't  hand  has  not 
lost  her  cunning,  and  will  ensure  a  welcome  for  the  an- 
nouncement that  he  will,  in  May  next,  commence  a  new- 
story  in  the  good  old  Pickwickian  monthly  form. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses ar«  given  for  that  purpose :  — 
BATES'S  WORKS,  by  Farmer.    Vol.  III.    8vo,  1815. 
Twiss's  LIVY.    Vols.  I.  and  II.    8vo,  1840. 
WESLEY'S  (CHARLES)  SHORT  HYM.VS  ON  SELECT  PASSAGES  OF  THE  HOLY 

SCRIPTURES.    Vol.  I.    Bristol,  1762. 
WILBERPORCE'S  LIFE  BY  HIS  SONS.     Vol.  II.     1838. 
TACITUS.    Vol.  I.    Bonn's  Classical  Library. 
JESSK'S  COURT  OP  ENOLANO  IUNDER  THE  STUARTS.    Vols.  III.  and  IV. 

1840. 

GLOSSARY  op  ARCHITECTURE  ABRIDGED.    Parker. 
PEACOCK'S  TRSATISE  ON  ALGEBRA.    Vol.  II.    8vo,  1815. 


SMITH'S  SACRED  ANNALS:  The  Hebrew  People.    Part  II. 
RIDDEIX'S  ELEMENTS  OF  HANDRAILINO.    3rd  Edition. 

Wanted  by  Mr.J.  Kinsman,  2,  Chapel  Street,  Penzanee. 

ILLUSTRATIONS  op   BRITISH  ORNITHOLOGY,  by  P.  3.  Selby.    8vo.    Con- 
stable &  Co., Edinburgh. 

Wanted  by  Messrs.  Jlenningham  <$•  Holfe,  6,  Mount  Street , 
Grosvenor  Square. 


ite3  ta 


THE  CHRISTMAS  NUMBER  of  "  N.  &  Q."  will  be  published  on  Saturday 
the  \9th  but.  Advertisements  for  insertion  in  it  tnu.it  be  sent  in  by  Wed- 
nesday the  \(Mk. 

OUR  CHRISTMAS  NUMBER  will  contain,  among  other  articles  of  in- 
terest — 

STRAY  NOTES  ON  CHRISTMAS. 

MACKIM.AV   AND   THE  LAIRD   OF  LARGIE.—  THE  CHIEFTAIN  AND  HI* 

FOOL. 

EXHIBITION  OF  SIGN  BOARDS. 

A  CHRISTMAS  MYSTERY  OF  THE  ELEVENTH  CENTURY. 
"JOLLY  NOSE." 
A  LAW  PASTORAL. 

H.  S.  G.  ivill  find  (he  process  of  ilimsolvinn  void,  $c.,  in  Milfrr's  Ele- 
ments of  Chemistry,  pp.  1050—1. 

TABLES  OF  KINDRED  AND  AFFINITY  may  be  procured  from  Messrs. 
Rivington  of  Waterloo  Place,  who,  we  believe,  keep  them  ready  framed 
and  glazed. 

E.  R.    The  solution  is  unfitted  for  our  columns. 

J.  WHITELOCKE  (Amboisc).  W.  G.  Freeman,  Esq.,  of  Fawley  Court, 
is  now  tite  patron  of  the  living  of  Fawley. 

H.  JACKSON.  A  view  of  Fotheringay  Castle  has  already  been  inquired 
after  in  our  2nd  8.  vi.  91,  152,  258. 

Horniman's  Tea  is  choice  and  strong,  moderate  in  price,  and  whole- 
some to  use.  These  advantages  have  secured  for  this  Tea  a  general 
preference.  It  is  sold  in  packed  by  2,280  Agents. 


"  PHONOGRAPHY  is  a  RAILROAD  method  of  communicating  thought— 
a  railroad  by  reason  of  its  expedition— a  railroad  by  reason  of  its  ease." 

REV.  DR.  RAFFLES. 


Price  Is.  6d.,  Free  by  Post, 

PITMAN'S  MANTJAL  OF  PHONOGRAPHY. 

London:  F.  PITMAN,  20,  Paternoster  Row,  E.G. 

PRIZE  MEDAL  AWARDED. 
TOtTX.TCXKT    AND 


DESPATCH  BOX,  DRESSING  CASE,  AND  TRAVELLING 
BAG  MAKERS, 

7,  NEW  BOND  STREET,  W., 

AMD  SISE  LANE,  CITY  (NEAR  MANSION  HOUSE). 
(Established  1735.) 

PARTRIDGE     &    COZENS 
Is    the   CHEAPEST    HOUSE  in   the    Trade   for 

PAPER  and  ENVELOPES,  &c.    Useful  Cream-laid  Note,2s.  3d.  per 


100.  Tinted  lined  India  Note  (5  Colours),  5  Quires  for  Is.  6d.  Copy 
Books  (Copies  set),  Is.  6d.  per  dozen.  P.  &  C.'s  Law  Pen  (as  flexible 
as  the  Quill),  a*,  per  gross.  Name  plate  engraved,  and  100  best  Cards 
printed  for  3s.  6rf. 

No  Charge,  for  Stamping  Arms,  Crests,  $c.from  own  Dies. 

Cataloaues  Post  Free;  Orders  over  20s.  Carriage  paid. 

Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS. 
Manufacturing  Stationers,  1 ,  Chancery  Lane,  and  192,  Fleet  St.  E.G. 

AGIC  LANTERNS  and  DISSOLVING  VIEWS. 

Price  Sixpence.    Instructions  for  Exhibiting  Dissolving  Views, 

and  for  the  Management  of  the  Apparatus,  with  Lime  Light  or  Oil 
Lamps.  By  JOHN  J.  GKIFFIN,  F.C.S.  Illustrated  by  numerous 
engravings;  to  which  is  added  a  priced  list  of  about  2,000  sliders,  ar- 
ranged in  collections  suitable  for  lectures,  including  many  new  and 
brilliant  subjects.  Single  Lanterns,  3J  in.  lenses,  with  rackwork  adjust- 
ment, 55s.  Pair  of  Lanterns,  with  all  the  Apparatus  necessary  lor  ex- 
hibiting Dissolving  Views  to  Public  Audieucjs,  I2f.  12s. 

JOHN  J.  GRIFFIN,  119,  Bunhill  Row,  B.C. 


M 


HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux 24s.  and  80s.  perdoz. 

Good  Hock 80s.    „     36s.        „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  42s.    „     48s.       ,, 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24s.    „     60s. 

Port 24s.,30s.    „     36s.       „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  perdoz. 

Vintage  1834 „   108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840 84s.       „ 

Vintage  1847 „     72s.        „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry, 36s., 42s., 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  4Ss.,  60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mtr,  Marcobrunner,  Kudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60s.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120.«. ;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  43s., 60s.,  66s., 
7_8s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymae  Christ!,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60.«.  and  72s.  per  doz.: 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


CAMPBELL'S  OLD  GLENLIVAT  WHISKY.— 

\J  At  this  season  of  the  year.  J.  Campbell  begs  to  direct  attention  to 
this  fine  eld  MALT  WHISKY,  of  which  he  has  held  a  large  stock  for 
30  years,  price  20.<.  per  gallon;  Sir  John  Power's  old  Irish  Whisky,  18s.; 
Hennessey's  very  old  Pale  Brandy,  32s.  per  gallon  (J.  C.'s  extensive 
business  in  French  Wines  gives  him  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the 
Brandy  market):  E.  Clicquot's  Champagne,  (fe.  per  dozen:  Sherry, 
Pale,  Uolden,  or  Brown,  30s.,  3&s.,  and  42s.;  Port  from  the  wood,  30s. 
and  36s.,  crusted,  42s.,  48s.  and  54s.  Note.  —  J.  Campbell  confidently 
recommends  his  Vin  de  Bordeaux,  at  20,--.  per  dozen,  which  greatly  im- 
proves by  keeping  in  bottle  two  or  three  years.  Remittances  or  town 
references  should  be  addressed  JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158, Regent  Street. 


Now  ready,  ISmo,  coloured  wrapper,  Post  Free,  6 


GOUT    AND    RHEUMATISM.     A  new 

by  DR.  LAVILLE  of  the  Faculty  of  Medicine.  Paris,  ex- 
hibiting a  perfectly  new,  certain,  and  safe  method  of  cure.    Translated 
by  an  English  Practitioner. 
London:  FRAS.  NEWBERY  &  SON?,  45,  St.  Paul's  Church  Yard. 


ON    G 
work,  1 
ting  a  pe 


3'd  S.  IV.  DEC.  12,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1848. 

TITESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

TT      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIEF  OFFICES  :  3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET.  LONDON,  and 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.  E.  Bieknell,  Esq. 

T.  Somers  Cocke,  Esq.,  M.A., J.P. 

Geo.  H.  Drew.  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 

James  Hunt,  Esq. 

John  Leigh,  Esq. 

Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 

F.B.  Marson,  Esq. 

E.  Vansittart  Neale,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq., M.A. 

Jas.  Lys  Seager,  Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White,  Esq. 


Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary— Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Kates  of  Premium  are  so  low  aa  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONDS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MEDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOB  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14*. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  *  ROBERTS. 


O  S  T  E   O      E  I  D  O  3T. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

pABRIEL'S     SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 

27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and 34, Ludgate  Hill,  London; 
134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 

Consultations  gratis.  For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c,,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth."  Post  Free  ou  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

"DOOKBINDING  — in    the   MONASTIC,    GROLIER, 

Jj  MAIOLI  and  ILLUMINATED  styles -in  the  most  superior 
manner,  by  English  and  Foreign  Workmen. 

JOSEPH  ZAEHNSDORF, 
BOOKBINDER  TO  THE  KING  OF  HANOVER, 

English  and  Foreign  Bookbinder, 
30,  BRYDGES  STREET,  COVENT  GARDEN,  W.C. 


PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM, PAiCHOULY.  EVKR-SWEKT,  MEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1,000  others.  2s.  &d.  each.—?,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 

OLLOWAY'S   OINTMENT    AND   PILLS.— 

.  OUTWARD  SORES.  —  Daily  experience  confirms  the  fact  which 

_as  triumphed  over  opposition  for  thirty  years  — that  no  means  are 
known  equal  to  Hollpway's  remedies  tor  curing  sores,  wounds,  dis- 
eases of  the  skin,  erysipelas,  abscesses,  burns,  scalds,  and,  iu  truth,  all 
cases  where  the  skin  is  broken.  To  cure  these  infirmities  quickly  is  of 
primary  importance,  or  the  compulso]  y  confinement  in-doors  weakens 
the  general  health.  The  ready  means  of  cure  are  found  iu  Hollowaj  'a 
Ointment  and  Pills,  which  heal  the  sores  and  expel  their  cause.  Iu  the 
very  wont  cases  this  Oiutment  has  succeeded  in  effecting  a  perfect  cure, 
after  every  other  means  had  failed  of  giving  any  relief;  desperate  cases 
best  display  its  virtues. 


TMPERIAL    LIFE    INSURANCE    COMPANY, 

JL  1,  OLD  BROAD  STREET,  E.C. 

Instituted  A.D.  1820. 

A  SUPPLEMENT  to  the  PROSPECTUS,  showing  the  advantages 
of  the  Bonus  System,  may  be  had  on  application  to 

SAMUEL  INGALL,  Actuary. 

]V"ORTH  BRITISH   AND  MERCANTILE 

1.1  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  1809. 
Incorporated  by  Royal  Charter  and  Special  Acts  of  Parliament. 

Accumulated  and  Invested  Funds £2,122,8V8 

Annual  Revenue (8422,401 

LONDON  BOARD. 

JOHN  WHITE  CATER,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  MORRISON,  Esq.,  Deputy-Chairman-. 


A.  De  Arroyave,  Esq. 
Edward  Cohen,  Esq. 
James  Du  Buisson,  Esq. 
P.  Du  Pre  Grenfell.  Esq. 
A.  Klockmann,  Esq. 


John  Mollett,  Esq. 
Junius  S.  Morgan,  Esq. 
G.  Garden  Nicol,  Esq. 
John  H.  Wm.  Schroder,  Esq. 
George  Young,  Esq. 


Ex-DittECTOBs. 

A.  H.Campbell,  Esq.  I  P.  P.  Ralli,  Esq. 

P.  C.  Cavan,  Esq.  Robert  Smith,  Esq. 

Frederic  Somes,  Esq. 

Manager  of  Fire  Department— George  H.  Whyting. 
Superintendent  ofForeiyn  Department — G.  H.  Burnett. 

Secretary — F.  W.  Lance. 
General  Manager—  David  Smith. 

FIRE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  Company  grants  Insurances  against  Fire  in  the  United  King- 
dom, and  all  Foreign  Countries. 

Mercantile  risks  in  the  Port  of  London  accepted  at  reduced  rates. 
Losses  promptly  and  liberally  settled. 

Foreign  Jtiaks.  —  The  Directors  having  a  practical  knowledge  of 
Foreign  Countries  are  prepared  to  issue  Policies  on  the  most  favour- 
able terms.  In  all  cases  a  discount  will  be  allowed  to  Merchants  and 
others  effecting  such  insurances. 

LIFE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  following  Statement  exhibits  the  improvement  effected  during 
the  last  few  years :  — 

No.  of  Policies          Sums.  Premiums, 

issued.  t.  £.     ».  d. 

1858  ....     455   ....   377,425   ....   12,565  18  8 

1859  ....     605    449,913    ....    14,070  1  6 

1860  ....     741    ....   475,649   ....   14,071  17  7 

1861    785   527.K26   16,553  2  9 

1862  ....    1,037    768,334    !!3,6I1  0  0 

Thus  in  five  years  the  number  of  Policies  issued  was  3,623,  assuring 

the  large  sum  of  2,928,947*. 

The  leading  features  of  the  Office  are  :— 

1.  Entire  Security  to  Assurers. 

2.  The  large  Bonus  Additions  already  declared,  and  the  prospect  of  a 
further  Bonus  at  the  next  investigation. 

3.  The  advantages  afforded  by  the  varied  Tables  of  Premiums— unre- 
stricted conditions  of  Policies— and  general  liberality  in  dealing  with 
the  Assured. 

Forms  of  Proposal  and  every  information  will  be  furnished  on  appli- 
cation at  the 

Head  Offices  :  LONDON 58,  Threadneedle  Street. 

4,  New  Bank- buildings. 

EDINBURGH 64,  Princes  Street. 

WEST-END  OFFICE  :  8,  WATERLOO -PL  ACE,  Pall  Mall. 


/CHRISTENING     PRESENTS     in    SILVER.  — 

\  )  MAPPIN  BROTHERS  beg  to  call  attention  to  their  Extensive 
Collection  of  New  Designs  iu  sterling  SILVER  CHRISTENING 
PRESENTS.  Silver  Cups,  beautifully  chased  and  engraved,  3/.,  31.  10s., 
41  5Z  bl.  10s.  each,  according  to  size  and  pattern;  Silver  Sets  of  Knife, 
Fork,  and  Spoon,  in  Cases,  ll.  Is.,  \l.  10s.,  '21.,  -21  \0s.,  37.  3«.,  41.  4s.; 
Silver  Basin  and  Spoon,  in  handsome  Cases,  41.  4s.,  61.  6s.,  SI.  8s., 
\0l.  10s  —MAPPIN  BROTHERS,  Silversmiths,  67  and  68,  King  Wil- 
liam Street,  London  Bridge  ;  and  22i,  Regent  Street,  VV.  Established 
in  Sheffield  A.D.  1810. 


SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"  THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PEKRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOR  LEA  AND  PERKINS'  SAUCE. 

***  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors  Worcester; 
MESSRS.  CUOsSE  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS,  London,  &c.,  &c. ;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  DEC.  12,  '63. 


NEW    ENGLISH    DICTIONARY. 


Ready  on  the  15th, 

THE  COMPREHENSIVE 
ENGLISH  DICTIONABY, 

EXPLANATORY,    PRONOUNCING,   AND 
ETYMOLOGICAL. 

Containing  all  English  Words  in  Present  Use,  numerous  Phrases, 
many  Foreign  Words  used  by  English  Writers,  and  the  more  import- 
ant Technical  and  Scientific  Terms. 

By    J.    OGILVIE,    LL.D. 

Editor  of  "  The  Imperial  Dictionary." 

The  PRONUNCIATION  by  RICHARD  CULL,  F.S.A. 

Illustrated  by  above  Eight  Hundred  Engravings 

on  Wood. 

One  large  Volume,  cloth,  25s. 
Or,  with  Eighteen  Supplementary  Engravings  on  Steel,  30s. 


BLACKIE  &  SON,  44,  Paternoster  Row,  London  ;  and  Glasgow 
and  Edinburgh. 


Now  ready,  in  magnificent  Emblematic  Cover,  designed  by  John 
Leighton,  F.S.A.,  price  21s.;  or  in  morocco,  31s.  6d., 

fTHE  ILLUSTRATED  INGOLDSBY  LEGENDS. 

L  From  60  Original  Drawings  by  George  Cruiksliank,  Leech,  and 
Tenniel. 

"  For  Christmas  there  could  not  be  found  a  more  pleasant  book  than 
'  The  Inscoldsby  Legends.'  A  series  of  humorous  legends  illustrated  by 
three  such  men  as  Leech,  Cruikshank,  and  Tenniel — what  can  be  more 
tempting."—  Times. 

RICHARD  BENTLEY,  Publisher  in  Ordinary  to  her  Majesty. 

Now  ready,  in  post  8vo,  10s.  6d. 

WHAT  IS  YOUR  NAME?    A  Popular  Account 
of  the  Meaning  and  Derivation   of  Christian  Names.     By 
SOPHY  MOODY. 

RICHARD  BENTLEY,  Publisher  in  Ordinary  to  Her  Majesty. 

CRE-FYDD'S  FAMILY  FARE. 
Nearly  ready,  in  post  8vo,  price  7s.  &d.  cloth, 

rrHE    YOUNG     HOUSEWIFE'S     DAILY    AS- 

JL  SISTANT  on  all  Matters  relating  to  Cookery  and  Housekeeping  : 
containing  Bills  of  Family  Fare  for  Every  Day  in  the  Year;  which 
include  Breakfast  and  Dinner  for  a  Small  Family,  and  Dinner  for  Two 
Servants.  Also,  Twelve  Bills  of  Fare  for  Dinner  Parties,  and  Two  for 
Evening  Entertainments,  with  the  Cost  annexed.  By  CRE-FYDD. 

London:  SIMPKIN,  MARSHALL,  &  CO. 


Now  ready, the  36th  Thousand,  post  8vo,  price  7s.  6d. 

OOYER'S  MODERN  HOUSEWIFE.     Comprising 

C5  Receipts  for  the  Economic  and  Judicious  Preparation  of  every  Meal 
ofthe  day,  and  for  the  Nursery  and  Sick  Room.  By  the  late  ALEXIS 
SOYER.  With  Illustrations  on  Wood,  &c. 

"Should  be  in  the  hands  of  every  keeper  of  a  kitchen  and  larder  in 
the  kingdom." — Lancet. 

Also,  by  the  same  Author, 

SOYER'S  GASTRONOMIC  REGENERATOR; 

or,  System  of  Cookery  for  the  Kitchens  of  the  Wealthy.  With  Plates. 
Ninth  Edition,  8vo,  I5«.  cloth. 

London:  SIMPKIN,  MARSHALL,  &  CO.,  Stationers'  Hall  Court. 


THOMAS  DE  LA  RUE  &  co.'s  RED  LETTER 

JL  DIARIES  and  CALENDARS  for  1864.  Edited  by  JAMES 
GLAISHER,  F.R.S.  With  an  Article  on  the  Moon  by  J.  R.  HIND, 
Esq.,  Superintendent  of  the  "Nautical  Almanack."  Illustrated  with 
an  original  Photograph  of  the  Moon. 

TO  BE  HAD  OF  ALL  BOOKSELLERS  AND  STATIONERS. 


Just  published,  in  crown  8vo,  illustrated,  price  3s.  6d. 

BYGONE    DAYS    IN   OUR  VILLAGE.      Con- 
taining a  Series  of  Sketches  of  Scotch  Village  Characters  of  a 
Past  Generation. 

CONTENTS : — 


[       The  Drunkard's  Home. 

The  Patriarch  of  the  Village. 

The  Life's  Great  Trial. 

Willie  Blake. 

Euphin  Morrison. 

The  Charity  of  the  Poor. 

The  Wanderers. 


Our  Village. 

The  Miller's  Wife. 

The  Cripple. 

Nelly's  Cottage. 

Our  Old  Nurse. 

The  Cameronian  Minister. 

The  Parish  Schoolmaster. 

Elder  Allan. 

"  In  point  of  sentiment  and  expression,  a  beautiful  book." 

REV.  Da.  GOTHRIB. 

Edinburgh:  W.OLIPHANT  &  CO.    London:  HAMILTON  &  CO. 


Just  published,  in  crown  8vo,  illustrated, 

NOTES    ON   THE  GOSPELS.     By  PROFESSOR 
JACOBUS,  of  the  Theological  Seminary,  Alleghany. 

VOL.  I.  MATTHEW,  a«.  6<Z. 
VOL.  II.  MARK  and  LUKE,  3s.  6<Z. 

"  The  book  has  been  carefully  prepared,  and  is  admirably  adapted  for 
Sunday-school  teachers,  and  all  who  wish  to  have  the  results  of  criti- 
cism rather  than  the  criticism  itself.  The  present  edition  is  neatly  and 
clearly  printed,  and  can  hardly  fail  to  be  popular." 

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FBOJI 

NOTES    AND    (QUERIES. 


FOX.X  XiORE. 


ON  the  completion  of  the  First  Serie«  of  NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 
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come to  a  numerous  body  of  readers.  It  was  said  that  such  a  selection, 
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nave  too  few  in  English  literature,  —  we  mean  books  of  the  pleasant 
gossiping  character  of  the  French  ANA  for  the  amusement  of  the 
general  reader,  _  but  would  serve  in  some  measure  to  supply  the  place 
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It  has  been  determined  to  carry  out  this  idea  by  the  publication  of  a 
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which  was  published  some  time  since,  ia  devoted  to  History  :  and  we 
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"  Contains  about  30,000  references  to  articles  written  by  some  of  our 
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GENERAL    INDEX    TO    FIRST     SERIES. 

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rTHOMAS  DE  LA  RUE  &  CO.'S  RED  LETTER 

L  DIARIES  and  CALENDARS  for  1864.  Edited  by  JAMES 
GLAISHER,  F.R.S.  With  an  Article  on  the  Moon  by  J.  R.  HIND, 
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RICHARD  BARRETT,  13,  MARK  LANE,  LONDON. 


BALLADS.     English  and  Scottish  Ballads,  edited 
by  F.  J.  CHILD.   8  vols.  fcap.  8vo,  with  Glossary  to  each  volume. 
H.  12s.  1861. 

BESSE  (Joseph).     A  Collection  of  the  Sufferings 

of  the  People  called  Quakers,  for  the  Testimony  of  a  good  Conscience, 
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1689.  2  Vols.  folio,  calf,  very  neat,  H.  4«.  1753. 

Contains  a  large  Account  of  the  Sufferings  of  the  Quakers  in  New 
England,  Maryland,  Weat  Indies,  &c. 

BROWNE   (Sir  Thomas),  The  WORKS  of,  in- 

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Oscombe,  in  ye  county  of  Somerset.  Reprinted  from  the  edition  of 
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8vo,  remarkably  fine  copy  in  bright  old  gilt  calf.  31. 10».  1776. 

DARLING  (James).     Cyclopaedia  Bibliographica, 

a  Library  Manual  of  Theological  and  general  Literature,  and  Guide 
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extra,  marbled  edges.  31.  3s.  1854. 

An  important  analytical,  bibliographical,  and  biographical  reference 
for  the  "  Philobiblon." 

D'URFEY  (Tom).     Wit  and   Mirth ;  or  Pills  to 

Purge  Melancholy.  Being  a  Collection  of  the  best  merry  Ballads  and 
Songs,  Old  and  New,  with  the  Music,  Portrait.  5  Vols.  12mo,  calf, 
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HISTORICAL    ANECDOTES  of  the  Families  of 

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JOHNSON  (Dr.  Samuel).     A   Dictionary  of  the 

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LONDON    STREET    EXHIBITIONS.      Cries, 

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fine  copy.  42. 4«.  Berne,  1780. 

Printed  on  thick  paper,  proofs  before  the  letter. 

MILNER  (Rev.  John).     The  History,  Civil  and 

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4  to,  half  calf  neat,  plates,  with  some  additions  in  MS.  on  the  margins. 
If.  16s.  1798. 

PALGRAVE  (Sir  Francis).  The  Rise  and  Pro- 
gress of  the  English  Commonwealth,  Anglo-Saxon  Period.  2  Vola 
4to.  half  calf,  very  scarce.  4Z.  5*.  1832. 

PRYNNE  (William).  Histrio  Mastix ;  the  Player's 

Scourge,  or  Actor's  Tragoodie.  2  Parts.  That  popular  stage  playes 
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believe  the  Fathers.)  are  sinfull,  heathenish,  lewd,  ungodly  spectacles, 
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Nearly  Ready,  in  Two  Volumes,  Imperial  4to. — Price  to  Subscribers  whose  names  are  received  before  the 
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JERUSALEM  EXPLORED; 

BEING  A  DESCRIPTION  OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  MODERN  CITY, 

WITH  UPWARDS  OF  ONE  HUNDRED  ILLUSTRATIONS,  CONSISTING  OF 
VIEWS,  GROUND-PLANS,  AND  SECTIONS, 

BY    DR.     ERMETE    PIEROTTI, 

Architect-Engineer  to  His  Excellency  Soorraya  Pasha  of  Jerusalem,  and  Architect  of  the  Holy  Land1. 

(TRANSLATED   BY  THE  REV.  T.  G.  BOXNEY,  M.A. 
Fellow  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge.) 


This  important  work,  the  result  of  a  scientific  study  of 
subterranean  Jerusalem,  prosecuted  on  the  spot,  during  a 
residence  of  eight  years,  by  one  qualified  by  a  professional 
education  to  turn  his  opportunities  to  the  best  account, 
•will  supply  the  Biblical  student  with  that  which  has  been 
the  great  desideratum  of  all  recent  archaeologists,  and 
•will  furnish,  for  the  first  time,  accurate  data  for  a  recon- 
struction of  the  city  of  Solomon,  and  for  an  identification 
of  its  topographical  features,  as  described  by  Josephus 
and  other  ancient  authors,  sacred  and  profane. 


The  various  remains  of  Jewish  and  Christian  architec- 
ture will  be  fully  illustrated  by  engravings,  and  in  parti- 
cular the  subterranean  conduits,  aqueducts,  and  cisterns, 
excavated  in  the  rock  within  the  Temple  area,  and  other 
parts  of  the  Ancient  City. 

It  is  hoped  that  this  work,  while  of  the  greatest  value 
to  the  scientific  archaeologist,  will  not  be  of  less  interest 
to  the  general  reader,  as  its  technical  details  will  be  eluci- 
dated by  copious  pictorial  illustrations. 


London:    BELL  &  DALDY,  186,  Fleet  Street.    Cambridge:  DEIGHTON,  BELL,  &  CO. 


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3rd  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  !63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


485 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  19,  1863. 

CONTENTS. —N".  103. 

NOTES  :  —  Stray  Notes  on  Christmas.  485  —  "  Jolly  Nose," 
488  —  A  Christmas  Mystery  of  the  Eleventh  Century,  489 

—  Folk  Lore:  The  Grasshopper  and  Cricket  —  Pen-tooth 

—  Genii,  Jin,  Genius,  Yin  —  French  Folk  Lore  —  Step- 
mother's Blessings  —  St.  Clement's  Day — Chiltern  Cus- 
toms :    Egg  Hopping,  491  —  Maekinlay  and  the  Laird  of 
Largie  :  the  Chieftain  and  his  Fool,  492  —  "  The  Wonder 
of  all  the  Wonders  that  the  World  ever  Wondered  at," 
494. 

MINOB  NOTES  :  —  Removing  Oil-stains  from  Books  —  "  Stir- 
up"  Sunday  — Potato  and  Point— Boyle  — Army  Move- 
ments—  Revalenta  —  Author  of  Grandsire  Bob  —  Self- 
esteem  of  the  English  —  Bede  and  De  Morgan,  495. 

QUERIES :  —  Anonymous —Blotting-paper— Robert  Burns, 
Jun. — Chartularies  of  Carrow  Abbey,  Norwich :  Nathaniel 
Axtell,  Esq.  —  Capnobatse  — John  Guy  —  Colonel  and  Mrs. 
Lucy  Hutchinson —David  Lamont,  D.D.  —  Bequest  for 
Rood  Lofts  —  Manucel,  Maunell,  or  Mawnell— Melanch- 
thon  —  "Orbis  Sensualium  Victus  "  —  Pomeroy  Family  — 
Process  at  Berne  —  The  Prophet  in  the  Passion  Mysteries 

—  Quotations  Wanted,  &c.,  497. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWEES  :—  Wassail  —  Laurence  Braddon 

—  Rev.  James  Struthers  —  Samuel  Smith— Forrest :  Wind- 
ham— Private  Soldier  —  Sir  Henry  Caverley,  499. 

REPLIES  :  — Sir  Francis  Drake,  502  —  Potheen,  503  — Ro- 
bert Deverell,  Ib.  —  Dancing  in  Slippers  —  Bowden  of 
Frome— Lady  Reres— Thyune's  Will  — Hedingham  Re- 
gisters —  Jane,  Lady  Chcyne  —  Executions  for  Murder  — 
Hawkins  Family  —  Joseph  Addispn  and  the  "  Spectator" 

—  Merchants'  Marks— Irish  Union  —  The  Earl  of  Sefton 

—  Simon  Frazer,  Lord  Lovat  —  Capacity  for  Religion  in 
the  Inferior  Animals,  504. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


STRAY  NOTES  ON  CHRISTMAS. 

i.  The  Druids'  Misletoe  Festival  in  Brittany. — n.  Semi- 
Pagan  and  Christian  mode  of  celebrating  New  Year's 
Day. — in.  Ancient  Mummers. — iv.  Roman  Catholic 
"  Feasts  of  '  the  Fool '  and  '  the  Ass.' " — v.  Abuses  in 
Lutheran  Churches  at  Christmas. — vi.  Abuses  in  Italy, 
vn.  Polydore  Virgil  on  Masquerading  at  Christmas. 

I.  The  earliest  form  of  religious  worship  known 
in  this  country  is  that  of  the  Druids.  A  very  clever 
antiquary  (a  Breton  Catholic  priest)  M.  Manet, 
has  devoted  considerable  attention  to  a  study  of 
their  proceedings ;  and  we  avail  ourselves  of  his 
researches  to  give  an  account  of  the  Druidical 
manner  of  celebrating  that  festival,  which  coin- 
cides with  our  Christmas. 

"  The  Sovereign  Pontiff  of  the  entire  Druidical  order," 
observes  the  Rev.  M.  Manet,  "  was,  as  it  were,  its  Pope. 
All  the  Druids,  says  Caesar  (lib.  vi.  c.  13),  obeyed  him, 
•without  any  exception ;  and  his  authority  over  them  was 
absolute.  The  divine  spirit  with  which  they  believed 
him  to  be  filled,  made  him  to  be  regarded  as  infallible,  not 
only  in  doctrino,  but  also  impeccable  in  his  conduct.  The 
poet  Ausonius,  in  apostrophising  Attius  Patera,  says  in 
Ids  praise,  that  he  was  descended  from  a  Druid  of  Bayeux, 
a  priest  of  Belenus,  or  Apollo ;  and,  in  speaking  of  Phoe- 
bitius,  one  of  the  Armorican  Druids,  that  he  had  been 
treasurer  to  the  temple  of  the  same  god,  before  becoming 
professor  at  Bordeaux :  — 

'  Nee  reticebo  senem  . 

Nomine  Phoebitium, 

Qui  Beleni  /Edituus, 

Nil  opis  inde  tulit; 


Sed  tamen,  ut  placitum, 
Stirpe  natus  Druidum 
Gentis  Aremoricse 
Burdigali  Cathedram 
Nati  opera  obtinuit.' 

Every  year  in  the  month  of  December,  or  Zerzu,  which 
they  called  'the  sacred  month,'  they  were  bound  to  meet 
at  Rouvres.  When  the  time  for  this  magnificent  solem- 
nity approached,  the  Supreme  Pontiff  sent  his  commands 
to  the  Pontiffs  of  each  nation  and  city,  and  by  them  his 
orders  were  communicated  to  the  people.  Instantly  the 
priests  came  forth  from  their  forests,  and  traversed  their 
various  districts,  inviting  the  faithful  to  follow  them 
with  the  cry  of  Kal  (first  day  of  the  year),  or  that  of 
Kalonna  (gifts),  to  prepare  themselves  worthily  for  the 
holy  ceremony  of  the  Gui  (misletoe)  of  the  new  year. 
This  invitation  brought  together  an  immense  number  of 
clergy  and  laity  to  Rouvres.  This  fete  was  invariably 
fixed  for  the  sixth  day  of  the  moon.  It  opened  with  a 
search  for  the  famous  misletoe  upon  an  oak  that  had 
about  thirty  years  growth.  And  the  misletoe,  so  found,  was 
to  become,  by  its  consecration,  the  Panchrestum — that  is 
to  say,  'the  universal  remedy:'  a  specific  and  panacea 
against  all  sorts  of  poisons,  and  the  true  source  of  happi- 
ness to  all  in  whose  hands  it  was  deposited.  When  it 
had  been  found,  there  was  raised  a  triangular  altar  of 
earth  at  the  foot  of  the  tree  on  which  it  had  been  dis- 
covered, and  then  was  commenced  a  species  of  procession. 
The  Eubagi  marched  the  first,  conducting  two  white 
balls,  which  had  never  been  subjected  to  the  yoke.  These 
were  followed  by  the  Bards,  who  sang  hymns  in  honour 
cf  the  Supreme  Being.  Next  came  the  novices,  students, 
and  disciples,  accompanied  by  a  herald  clothed  in  white. 
These  were  followed  by  the  three  most  ancient  Pontiffs : 
one  carrying  bread  that  was  to  be  offered  up ;  the  second 
two  vessels,  filled  with  water  and  wine ;  and  the  third  a 
hand  of  ivory,  attached  to  the  end  of  a  wand,  to  represent 
justice  and  power.  Next  came  the  clergy,  preceded  by 
the  Supreme  Pontiff,  in  a  white  robe,  and  wearing  a 
girdle  of  gold ;  and  the  procession  closed  with  great  num- 
bers of  the  nobles  and  people.  This  cortege,  having 
arrived  beneath  the  oak,  the  officiant,  after  some  prayers, 
burned  a  morsel  of  bread;  and  poured  some  wine  and 
water  on  the  altar,  and  divided  what  remained  amongst 
the  assistant  prie^is.  This  done,  he  ascended  the  tree; 
and  cut  off,  with  a  golden,  sickle,  the  misletoe  and  flung 
it  into  the  robe  of  one  of  the  principal  Pontiffs,  who  re- 
ceived it  with  profound  reverence.  The  Supreme  Pontiff, 
aided  by  the  Eubagi,  then  immolated  the  two  bulls ;  and 
concluded  this  religious  ceremony  by  praying,  with  his 
arms  raised  and  extended,  that  '  God  would  permit  His 
benediction  to  rest  upon  the  gift  he  was  about  to  distri- 
bute amongst  the  people,  then  prostrated  on  the  ground.' 
Directly  afterwards,  the  inferior  order  of  Druids  distri- 
buted, as  a  gift  to  the  assembled  multitude,  particles  of 
the  sacred  misletoe.  They  sent  portions  of  it  also  to  the 
temples,  to  the  chieftains,  who  felt  honoured  in  receiving 
it,  and  who,  as  an  act  of  devotion,  wore  it  round  their 
necks  in  times  of  war.  Sicknesses,  enchantments,  male- 
volent spirits,  were  expelled  by  it:  nothing  evil  was 
capable  of  diminishing  the  celestial  powers  of  the  mys- 
terious branch ;  and  thunder  itself  would  not  fall  upon 
the  house  that  received  it." 

Before  passing  from  Druidism,  we  wish  to  quote 
a  passage  from  another  Breton  author  (Notice  sur 
la  Ville  de  Nantes),  which  will  be  found  of  some 
importance  in  connexion  with  the  heathen-Roman 
manner  of  celebrating  the  Feast  of  Mid-winter  : — 

"  The  Cathedral  of  Nantes  is  built  upon  the  remains  of 
a  Druidical  temple,  consecrated  to  a  god  called  Balianus 


486 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63. 


Boul- Janus,  or  Voldanus ;  and  much  venerated  by  the  Ar 
morican  Gauls.  The  people  came  three  times  a-year  t 
adore  him  in  this  temple :  upon  the  third  of  the  Ides  o 
January,  at  the  Nones  of  April,  and  the  Calends  of  Au 
gust.  Albert  le  Grand  quotes  a  very  ancient  Latin  Ma 
nuscript,  in  which  it  is  stated  that  Boulianus  was  an 
American  divinity,  represented  with  three  heads  encloset 
in  a  triangle;  and  underneath,  the  letters  'A,  N,  fl,'  sig 
nifying,  the  beginning,  the  middle,  and  the  end.  Thi 
image  had  a  globe  beneath  it.  It  bore  in  its  right  ham 
a  thunderbolt,  and  seemed  as  if  about  to  launch  it,  whils 
with  its  left  hand  it  guided  the  clouds.  One  of  its  fee 
rested  on  the  land,  and  the  other  on  the  water.  The  sig 
nification  of  the  statue  was,  that  it  was  Janus  governing 
the  earth.  This  temple  was  destroyed  when  Constantin 
the  Great  was  Emperor,  and  Eumenius  occupied  the  se 
of  Nantes." 

In  quoting  this  last  passage,  it  is  only  necessary 
to  remark,  that  the  statue  here  described  must  be 
regarded  as  an  embodiment  of  the  Druid's  con- 
ception of  a  Trinity,  combined  with  an  omni- 
potent power  over  the  land,  sea,  and  air. 

II.  Amongst  the  early  heresies,  was  one  that 
maintained  Christ  to  be  "  the  sun"  ! 

"  The  half-philosophical  and  semi-heathenish  sects, 
observes  Herr  Paulus  Cassel,  in  his  learned  work  on 
Christinas,  recently  published  in  Germany,  "  confounded 
the  worship  of  Mythra,  or  the  Sun,  with  that  of  Christ 
Himself.  Tertullian  has  recounted  'that  some  have  sup- 
posed the  Sun  was  our  God.'  The  Manicheans  said, 
'  Christ  is  the  Sun ;'  and  hence,  in  their  festivals,  they 
laid  especial  claim  to  the  Sun-day.  '  It  is  the  sun,'  says 
St.  Augustine  to  them, « that  you  honour  on  the  Sunday.' 
'  Let  the  heretics  be  dumb,"  says  St.  Cyril  of  Jerusalem, 
'  who  declare  that  Christ  is  the  Sun  ;  He  is  the  Creator  of 
the  sun,  and  not  the  shining  orb  itself.'  " 

The  first  gross  abuses  that  manifested  them- 
selves in  Christian  countries,  in  connexion  with 
the  observance  of  the  Christmas  festivals,  took 
place  upon  "  the  first  of  January,"  and  not  upon 
"  Christmas  Day  "  itself.  In  that  sermon  of  St. 
Eloy,  which  the  Rev.  Mr.  Maitland  has  popu- 
larised in  his  truly  valuable  book,  The  Dark  Ages, 
it  will  be  seen  that,  amongst  the  many  supersti- 
tions of  the  time  denounced  by  the  saint,  though 
he  particularises  the  improprieties  of  what  occur- 
red upon  the  Calends  of  January,  he  makes  no 
reference  to  any  as  taking  place  upon  Christmas 
Day.  Information  upon  this  point  will  be  found 
in  the  annexed  extract  from  Butler's  Lives  of  the 
Saints :  — 

"  The  Calends  of  January  were  solemnized  with  licen- 
tious shows  in  honour  of  Janus  and  the  goddess  Strenia ; 
and  it  is  from  those  infamous  diversions  that,  among 
Christians,  are  derived  the  profane  riots  of  New  Year's 
Day,  Twelfthtide,  and  Shrovetide ;  by  which  many  pervert 
these  times  into  days  of  sin  and  intemperance.  Several 
councils  severely  condemn  these  abuses ;  and  the  better 
to  prevent  them,  some  churches  formerh'  kept  the  1st  of 
January  a  fast  day ;  as  it  is  mentioned  by  St.  Isidore  of 
Seville  (lib.  ii.  offic.  c.  40) ;  Alcuin  (Lib.  de  Div.  Offic.}, 
&c.  Dom  Martene  observes  (Lib.  de  Antiquis  Ritibus  in 
Celebr.  Div.  Offic.,  c.  13)  that,  on  this  account,  the  second 
Council  of  Tours  in  567  ordered  that  on  the  calends  of 
the  Circumcision  the  Litany  be  sung,  and  high  mass  be- 


gun only  at  the  eighth  hour,  that  is,  two  in  the  after- 
noon; that  it  might  be  finished  by  three,  the  hour  at 
which  it  was  allowed  to  eat  on  the  fasts  of  the  stations. 
We  have  among  the  works  of  the  Fathers  many  severe 
invectives  against  the  superstitions  and  excesses  of  this 
time.  See  St.  Austin  (Serm.  198,  in  hunc  diem) ;  St. 
Peter  Chrysologus  (Serm.  in  Calendas);  St.  Maximus  of 
Turin  (Horn.  5,  apud  Mabill.  in  Museeo  Italico)  ;  Fausti- 
nus,  the  Bishop  (apud  Bolland.  hac  die,  p.  3),  £c.  The 
French  name  etrennes  is  Pagan,  from  strence,  or  new 
year's  gifts,  in  honour  of  the  goddess  Strenia.  The  same 
in  Poitou  and  Pache,  anciently  the  country  of  the  Druids, 
is  derived  from  their  rites.  For  the  Poitevins,  for  etrennes 
use  the  word  Auguislanneuf ';  and  the  Percherons  Eguilans, 
from  the  ancient  cry  of  the  Druids,  Au  guy  Van  neuf,  i.  e. 
Ad  viscum,  annus  novus,  or  to  the  misletoe,  the  new  year, 
when,  on  New  Year's  Day,  the  Pagans  went  into  the 
forests  to  seek  the  misletoe-on  the  oaks." 

"  A  long  time,"  says  the  Rev.  M.  Manet,  "  after  the 
abolition  of  Druidism,  it  was  the  custom  among  the  popu- 
lace, and  young  persons  in  our  provinces,  to  go  about  the 
streets  crying  out,  on  the  first  day  of  the  new  year,  Agui- 
laneuf,  or,  '  the  misletoe  (jgui) '  of  the  new  year ;  and  by 
a  still  greater  corruption  of  the  word,  Hauguillane ;  both 
as  a  token  of  rejoicing,  as  well  as  an  excuse  for  seeking  a 
present  from  all  they  were  acquainted  with." 

The  same  author,  Manet,  points  out  other 
remnants  of  heathen  manners,  but  still  more  gross 
and  shameful.  They  will  be  found  illustrative  of 
the  statements  made  by  the  Rev.  Alban  Butler. 

III.  "Upon  17th  November,  566,  in  the  sixth  year  of 
the  reign  of  King  Caribert,  King  of  Paris,  was  opened  the 
Second  Council  of  Tours,  for  the  conBrmation  of  that 
which  had  been  transacted  at  Paris  in  the  year  557.  This 
Council  recommended  the  removal  of  all  the  filth  of 
Pagan  superstitions,  then  remaining  in  the  land.  Not- 
withstanding its  anathemas,  several  of  these  idolatrous 
customs  did  not  disappear  until  a  much  later  period." 

Amongst  the  practices  so  denounced,  and  that 
were  perpetuated  for  a  long  time,  the  author  men- 
tions "  that  of  men  disguising  themselves  as  deer, 
and  other  animals,  and  running  about  the  country 
in  various  grotesque  disguises,  and  committing  all 
sorts  of  follies." 

IV. "  On  the  23rd  April,  1431,"theRev.  M.  Manet 
states,  "Philip  de  Coetquis,  Archbishop  of  Tours, 
presided  over  the  Provincial  Council  of  Nantes,  at 
which  several  remarkable  canons  were  promul- 

ated."  Amongst  these  was  a  prohibition,  under 
)ain  of  excommunication,  of  celebrating  what  was 
railed  "  La  Fete  des  Fous,"  as  well  as  of  prac- 
ising  disorders  which  hitherto  had  accompanied 
he  festival  of  Easter  Monday,  and  the  anniver- 
ary  of  the  first  of  May  :  — 

"  The  Fete  des  Fous,"  observes  M.  Manet,  "was  a  farce 

worthy  of  the  ancient  Saturnalia,  and  which,  upheld  for 

a  long  time,  was  anew  prohibited  by  the  General  Council  of 

Jale ;  and  then  by  the  Church  of  Troyes,  on  the  17th  April, 

445 ;  but  still  it'did  not  fall  into  disuse,  until  the  close  of 

he  sixteenth  century.    Such  is  the  empire  of  folly  over  the 

uman  heart!     It  is  difficult  to  believe  that  Christians 

hould  have  selected  the  Church  of  God,  and  the  altar 

tself,  for  a  spectacle  so  indecent ;  and  that  any  persons, 

ailing  themselves  Ecclesiastics,  should  have  taken  part 

n  it.    They  were,  however,  generally  only  young  clerks 

ho  participated  in  the  scandal.    They,  the  chanters, 


3rd  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


487 


and  the  boys  of  the  choir,  selected  one  of  their  body ;  and 
dressed  him  up  in  bishop's  vestments,  with  the  "wrong 
side  outwards,  and  called  him  '  the  master  of  the  fete.' 
After  making  him  mutter  some  words  as  if  from  a  book, 
held  upside  down  before  him,  and  from  which  he  pre- 
tended to  read  through  a  pair  of  spectacles  made  out  of 
an  orange  peel,  and  fastened  on  his  nose ;  whilst  they, 
grotesquely  dressed  like  him,  occupied  the  principal  seats 
in  the  choir;  from  which  they  subsequently  descended 
to  burn  before  him  incense,  that  was  composed  of  the 
smouldering  smoke  of  old  shoes.  When  this  absurdity 
was  at  an  end,  there  were  then  dances  and  profane  songs ; 
and  a  repast  diversified  by  all  sorts  of  buffooneries.  The 
sham -bishop,  accompanied  by  a  crowd  of  idlers,  was  next 
led  through  the  city;  mounted  upon  a  carriage,  as  if  it 
were  a  triumphal  car.  The  shouts  of  the  mob,  and  the 
loose  discourse  of  the  licentious,  were  a  fitting  adornment 
to  the  crown  of  glory  acquired  by  the  hero  of  the  day. 
Since  the  year  1198J  had  the  Papal  Legate,  Peter  of 
Capua,  then  at  Paris,  prohibited  under  pain  of  excom- 
munication this  impious  and  burlesque  amusement,  which 
used  to  take  place  in  that  capital  on  the  1st  of  January. 
The  Council  of  Cognac,  in  the  Archdiocese  of  Bordeaux, 
had,  in  the  year  1260,  denounced  the  same  scandal  under 
the  name  of  '  the  boy-bishop,'  as  being  celebrated  on  the 
day  of  '  the  Holy  Innocents.'  And  yet,  this  sacrilegious 
derision  of  the  episcopal  dignity  was  persevered  with  in 
a  great  many  places ! " 

A  similar  and,  if  possible,  still  grosser  abuse,  is 
likewise  described  in  the  following  terms  by  M. 
Manet :  — 

"  M.  Vaysse  (Descript.  Rout,  de  I'Emp.  Fr.,  1813),  and 
M.  Malte-Brun  {Free,  de  Geog.  Univ.,  vol.  viii.  p.  423), 
affirm  that,  even  up  to  the  present  time,  there  is  pre- 
served at  Sens  the  celebrated  Dyptic,  which  contains  the 
'  Office  des  Fous,'  as  well  as  that  of  the  '  Fete  de  1'Ane,' 
according  to  the  usage  of  that  church.  This  last  mon- 
strosity," continues  M.  Manet,  "  falsely  called  '  religious,' 
was  not,  however,  so  universally  prevalent  as  the  other. 
Here  is  an  account  of  the  manner  in  which  it  was  prac- 
tised at  Beauvais.  A  young  girl,  the  most  beautiful  in 
the  citjr,  was  selected  for  the  purposes  of  the  f£te.  She 
was  placed  upon  an  ass,  richly  caparisoned ;  and  in 
her  arms  was  a  little  child,  that  both  might  represent 
'  the  flight  into  Egypt.'  In  this  state,  followed  by  the 
clergy,  she  was  conducted  in  a  procession  from  the  Cathe- 
dral to  the  Church  of  St.  Stephen.  She  was  brought 
inside  the  sanctuary,  and  placed  on  the  Gospel  side,  near 
the  altar ;  and  then  the  mass  was  begun.  The  Jntroit, 
the  Kyrie,  the  Gloria,  and  the  Credo,  all  that  the  people 
chanted  (the  matter  is  absolutely  incredible,  if  it  were 
not  so  thoroughly  attested),  terminated  with  the  jolly 
chorus  of'Hin-hdn!  Hin-han!'  The  Prose,  which  com- 
menced with  these  words — '  Orientis  de  partibus,  adven- 
tavit  asinus,  pulcher  et  fortissimus,  sarcinis  aptissimus'  — 
was  a  pompous  encomium  of  the  animal  with  long  ears, 
and  each  strophe  finished  with  this  polite  invitation  ad- 
dressed to  it :  '  He",  Sire  ane,  chantez !  belle  bouche,  re- 
chignez !  Vous  aurez  de  foin  assez,  et  de  1'avoine  a 
planter.'  In  fine,  the  asinine  animal  was  exhorted  to 
forget  his  food,  for  the  purpose  of  incessantly  repeating 
'  Amen  ! '  And  the  clergyman  himself,  instead  of  saying 
'  Ite,  Missa  est,'  made  three  times  be  heard  the  melodious 
intonations  of  '  Hin-han ! '  —  to  which  the  congregation 
responded  with  similar  sounds ! ! !  " 

Such  are  abuses  described  by  a  Catholic  cler- 
gyman, as  being  interpolated  into  the  pious  ob- 
servances of  Christmas  times.  A  Lutheran  has, 
with  equal  candour,  exhibited  the  gross  scandals 


that  followed  in  the  train  of  the  Reformation ; 
and  that,  too,  in  a  seeming  religious  attention  to 
the  festival  of  Christmas. 

V.  "  Nothing  worse  could  ever  have  occurred  in  Catho- 
lic churches,  at  Christmas  time,  in  the  fifteenth  century," 
declares  the  Lutheran  author,  Paulus  Cassel,  in  his  Weih- 
nachten,  "  than  what  happened  during  the  eighteenth 
century  in  many  Protestant  towns,  where  the  Morning 
Service  was  combined  with  popular  indulgences  and  en- 
joyments.   A  well-meaning  clergyman,  at  the  close  of 
the  last  century,  writes  to  the  following  effect : — '  The 
so-named  matins  (Friihmetten),  which,  to  the  honour  of 
Christianity,  have  been  done  away  with  in  most  places, 
and  that  ought  to  be  put  an  end  to  in  others,  were  so 
outrageously  bad,  that  they  could  serve  for  no  other  pur- 
pose than  the  dishonour  of  God  and  of  the  Redeemer.' 
The  same  person  then  describes  the  proceedings  at  Matins 
in  Zillau : — '  Divine  Service,'  he  says,  '  began  about  four 
o'clock  in  the  morning :  the  church  was  filled  with  lights, 
and  music  was  playing,  and  songs  were  sung.    The  festival 
attracted  multitudes  of  persons  out  of  the  neighbouring 
bill-villages ;    and  every  one  of  these  came  plenteously 
supplied  with  brandy  and  sweet  cakes,  which  they  were 
incessantly  stuffing  down  their  throats  to  protect  them- 
selves from  the   effects   of  the  cold,  and — to  keep  up 
Christmas!     The  church  was  crammed  chock-full,  and 
the  clamour  and  clatter  as  great  as  if  all  the  drums  of  a 
regiment  had  been  beaten  together.     The  awful  steam 
from  brands',  lights,  and  tobacco,  filled  the  sacred  edifice, 
and  choked   almost  the  only  sober  man  then   present, 
namely,  the  preacher;  who,"  on  account  of  the  fearful 
turmoil,  was  not  able  to  utter  a  single  word :  all  he  could 
do  was  to  stand  still,  and  look  down  from  his  pulpit  at 
the  riotous  conduct  of  his  congregation !    Then  were  to 
be  seen  fuming  flambeaux  torn  down  from  their  sockets 
by  the  drunken    people,  and  waved    madly  by  them 
around  the  church.'    In  another  passage,  the  author  tells 
of  the  misconduct  of  the  women  of  Fuhnen  on  a  Christmas 
Eve,  and  avers, '  that  such  a  passion  for  liquor  is  them 
exhibited,  that  the  women  are  complete  matches  for  the 
men  in  drunkenness.'  " 

VI.  Polydore  Virgil  (1470—1555),  in  his  work, 
De  gli  Inventori  delle   Cose,  when  giving  an  ac- 
count of  the  manner  of  celebrating  the  Christmas 
festivities  by  his  contemporaries,  pays  this  country 
the  compliment  of  saying  that  an  observance  of 
them  was  especially  upheld  by  the  English :  "  E 
questo    tale  institutione    si   conserva  particolar- 
mente  tra  gl'   Inglesi."      He  declares  that  the 
Italians  imitated  the  fashions  of  the  ancient  Ro- 
mans upon  the  first  day  of  the  new  year,  with 
joyful  salutations,  and  mutual  wishes  of  health 
and  happiness ;  and  that,  like  their  forefathers, 
they   indulged   in   dancing   and   singing,   in  the 
manner  described  by  Virgil,  which  Polydore  thus 
translates  :  — 

"  Parte  menan  le  danze  lieti,  e  parte 

Cantano  versi. 

Senza  piu  recordarsi  feron  balli 
I  nostri." 

And  then,  we  are  informed,  that  Pope  Zacharias 
had  prohibited  those  practices  ;  declaring  that — 

"  If  any  one  should  be  so  audacious  as  to  celebrate  the 
Calends  of  January,  after  the  manner  of  the  Pagans,  or 
to  do  anything  strange,  on  account  of  the  new  year;  or 
to  lay  out  in  their  houses  tables  with  lights,  or  to  have 


488 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  DEO.  19,  '63. 


banquets,  or  to  go  singing  about  the  streets  and  squares ; 
or  to  join  in  dancing  parties :  then  all  such  persons  should 
stand  excommunicated  and  accursed." 

Despite  this  prohibition,  Polydore  says,  that 
the  Italians  in  his  (lay  had  public  spectacles  and 
amusements  —  sports,  races,  lance- throwing,  and 
the  recitation  of  comedies  ;  and  in  their  houses  of 
worship,  representations  of  the  lives  and  martyr- 
doms of  the  saints  ;  and,  in  order  that  each  person 
might  derive  instruction  as  well  as  amusement 
from  these  representations,  they  were  carried  on 
in  the  vulgar  tongue.  Having  mentioned  the 
modern  masquerade  festivals  of  May,  like  to  those 
of  the  goddess  Flora — and  of  their  torch-excur- 
sions in  March,  which  were  similar  to  the  Cereali 
in  honour  of  Ceres — he  then  proceeds  to  speak  of 
Christmas,  and  says :  — 

"  In  like  manner  has  passed  from  our  progenitors  to  us 
their  descendants,  another  custom,  which  is  celebrated  at 
the  Xativity  of  Our  Lord ;  for  then  servants  have  au- 
thority over  their  masters,  and  one  of  the  domestics 
being'made  for  the  occasion  a  Lord,  all  the  other  menials, 
as  well  as  the  heads  of  the  family  and  their  children, 
willingly  yield  obedience  to  him.  And  this  is  done  by 
us  as  a  proof  that  all  should  be  as  free,  and  as  brothers  in 
Christ." 

We  shall  quote  but  one  more  passage  from 
Polydore  Virgil,  because  it  contains  an  assertion 
that  will  excite  some  surprise,  when  it  is  known 
to  be  made  by  a  person  who  had  lived  for  some 
years  in  England. 

VII.  "  There  is,"  states  Polydore, "  but  one  place  in 
the  world  that  has  never  exhibited  the  beastly  practice 
of  masquerading,  and  that  place  is  England:  and  the 
reason  is,  that  the  English  —  in  this  point  so  superior  to 
all  others — have  a  law  which  inflicts  the  penalty  of  death 
upon  any  one  having  the  audacity  to  appear  in  a  masquerade 
dress!!!" 

Alas,  for  our  author !  With  such  a  specimen 
of  his  inaccuracy  there  was,  we  fear,  but  too  much 
justice  in  the  epigram  respecting  him :  — 

"  Virgilii  duo  sunt,  alter  Maro,  tu  Polydore 
Alter;  tu  Mendax,  ille  Poeta  fuitl" 

WM.  B.  MAC  CAB*. 

Dinan,  Cotes  du  Xorcl,  France. 

( To  be  concluded  in  our  next.) 


"  JOLLY  NOSE." 

Has  it  ever  been  remarked  that  this  capital 
"  drinking  song,"  which,  put  into  the  mouth  of 
"  Blueskin  in  W.  H.  Ainsworth's  novel,  Jack 
Sheppard  (vol.  i.  p.  213),  became  so  famous  by 
Paul  Bedford's  impersonation  of  that  character, 
is  a  translation  of  one  of  the  Vaux-de-  Vire  of  the 
tine  old  Norman  Anacreon,  Olivier  Basselin  ?  A 
comparison  of  the  modern  paraphrase  with  the 
original  may  not  be  uninteresting : 


"  PRIKKING   SOXG. 

"  Jolly  nose !  the  bright  rubies  that  garnish  thy  tip] 

Are  dug  from  the  mines  of  Canary : 
And  to  keep  up  their  lustre  I  moisten  my  lip 
With  hogsheads  of  claret  and  sherry. 

"  Jolly  "nose !  he  who  sees  thee  across  a  broad  glass, 

Beholds  thee  in  all  thy  perfection ; 
And  to  the  pale  snout  of  a  temperate  ass 
Entertains  the  profoundest  objection. 

"  For  a  big-bellied  glass  is  the  palette  I  use, 

And  the 'choicest  of  wine  is  my  colour ; 
And  I  find  that  my  nose  takes  the  mellowest  hues, 
The  fuller  I  fill  it,— the  fuller! 

"  Jolly  nose !  there  are  fools  who  say  drink  hurts  the 

"sight, 

Such  dullards  know  nothing  about  it; 
'Tis  better  with  wine  to  extinguish  the  light, 
Than  live  always  in  darkness  without  it." 

"  A  SON  NEZ." 

"  Beau  nez,  dont  les  rubis  ont  couste  mainte  pipe 

De  vin  blanc  et  clairet, 
Et  duquel  la  couleur  richement  participe 
Du  rouge  et  violet ; 

"  Gros  nez !  Qui  te  regarde  a  travers  un  grand  verre, 

Te  juge  encor  plus  beau. 
Tu  ne  ressembles  point  au  nez  de  quelque  here 
Qui  ne  boit  que  de  1'eau. 

"  Dn  coq  d'Inde,  sa  gorge  a  toy  semblable  porte : 

Combieu  de  riches  gens 

N'ont  pas  si  riche  nez !   Pour  te  peindre  en  la  sorte, 
II  faut  beaucoup  de  temps. 

"  Le  verre  est  le  pinceau,  duquel  on  t'enlumine ; 

Le  vin  est  la  couleur 

Dont  on  t'a  peint  ainsi  plus  rouge  q'une  guisgne, 
En  beuvant  du  meilleur. 

"  On  dit  qu'il  nuit  aux  yeux :  mais  seront-ils  les 

maistres? 

Le  via  est  guarison 

De  mes  maux:  j'aime  mieux  perdre  les  deux  fenestres 
Que  toute  la  maison." 

The  editorial  labours  of  the  Bibliophile  Jacob, 
and  the  enterprise  of  A.  Delahays  of  Paris,  have 
placed  within  reach  of  lovers  of  the  "  esprit 
gaulois"  a  delicious  collection  of  these  Vaux-de- 
Vire,  and  ancient  Norman  chansons -d-boire  of 
the  same  epoch.  The  former  edition  (8vo,  1811), 
edited  by  M.  Asselin  and  others,  "  dont  il  a  etc 
tire  cent  exemplaires,  dont  douze  seulement  sur 
papier  velin,"  had  become  excessively  rare.  Dr. 
Dibdin,  in  his  Bibliographical  fyc.  Tour  in  France 
and  Germany,  gives  an  amusing  account  (vol.  i. 
p.  428)  of  the  skilful  manner  in  which  he  suc- 
ceeded in  wheedling  "  an  uncut  copy,  in  blue 
spotted  paper,"  from  M.  de  la  Renandiere,  one  of 
its  editors.  That  delightful  bibliographer,  Charles 
Nodier,  whose  labours  in  the  same  field  are  so 
valuable,  obtained  his  copy  with  less  trouble. 

"  Le  mien  est  celui  qui  a  e'te  offert  par  les  e'diteurs  a  M. 


quai 
xxxiii.  p.  249. 


petite 


3'd  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


489 


I  was  almost  equally  lucky  in  meeting  with  a 
half-bound  copy  in  the  Gallic  Lugdunum,  though 
the  withered  old  bouquiniste,  who  exultingly  drew 
it  forth  from  his  Elzevirs  and  Alduses,  knew  its 
value,  and  prefaced  his,  I  may  now  say,  very 
moderate  demand,  with  the  assertion  that  it  was 
"  presque  introuvable." 

WILJJAM  BATES. 

Edgbaston. 


A  CHRISTMAS  MYSTERY  OF  THE  ELEVENTH 
CENTURY. 

MS.  No.  1139,  in  the  Imperial  Library  of  Paris, 
contains  a  series  of  metrical  compositions,  accom- 
panied by  musical  notes,  remarkable,  first,  as  being 
probably  the  most  ancient  specimens  extant  of 
the  religious  dramas  of  the  Middle  Ages  (Journal 
des  Savants,  1846,  p.  6)  ;  and,  secondly,  for  the 
curious  mixture  of  Latin  and  Romance  which 
some  of  them  present.  The  MS.  formerly  be- 
longed to  the  Abbey  of  St.  Martial  de  Limoges, 
and  consists  of  235  leaves  of  small  4to  (the  size  of 
a  page  of  "  N.  &  Q."  without  its  margin.)  I  have 
selected  a  Mystery  of  the  Nativity,  all  Latin,  as 
the  subject  of  a  Note  on  the  present  occasion,  not 
alone  for  its  intrinsic  merit,  but  principally  be- 
cause it  was  very  appropriately  represented  in  the 
churches  at  the  season  of  Christmas.  M.  de 
Coussemaker,  in  his  splendid  work,  Histoire  de 
T Harmonic  au  Moyen  Age  (Paris,  1852),  has  given 
a  fac-simile  in  chromo-lithography,  drawn  on  the 
stone  by  his  own  hand,  of  several  portions  of  the 
MS.,  and  a  translation  of  the  music  into  a  more 
modern  notation.  As  the  original  is  thus  made 
readily  accessible  to  those  who  desire  to  study  it, 
I  venture  to  subjoin,  for  the  entertainment  of 
those  who  take  up  the  Christinas  number  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  mainly  for  amusement,  a  free  English 
imitation,  in  which  rhyming  and  metre  are  strictly 
adhered  to,  and  as  faithful  a  representation  of  the 
literal  sense  as  possible  given  also. 

The  poem  is  a  dialogue  between  the  principal 
ecclesiastic  or  (as  M.  Maguin  suggests,  Journal  des 
Savants,  1846,  p.  88),  some  high  dignitary,  and 
certain  witnesses  and  predictors  of  Christ's  birth 
and  advent,  whom  he  summons  in  succession 
before  him  to  give  evidence.  These  would  be  re- 
presented by  the  priests  and  monks,  costumed 
with  some  variety  and  richness,  according  to  the 
role  assigned  to  each,  who  would  advance  from 
their  respective  stalls  when  the  turn  came  for 
them  to  chant  their  replies.  (Fauriel,  Histoire  de 
la  Poesie  Provenqale,  iv.  257.  Paris,  1846.)  The 
three  commencing  verses,  and  the  "Benedica- 
mus  "  at  the  end,  may  perhaps  have  been  sung  by 
the  whole  choir. 

The  representation  begins  with  a  song  of 
praise :  — 


"  All  ye  nations,  Acclamations 

Raise,  and  songs  of  gladness  sing ! 
God  made  human,  Born  of  woman, 
Born  this  day  and  born  a  King." 

[In  the  original:  "Deus  homo  Fit  de  doma 
David,  natus  hodie."  M.  de  Coussemaker  (follow- 
ing Monmerque  and  Francisque  Michel,  Theatre- 
Franqais  au  Moyen  Age,  Paris,  1832,  p.  6),. 
misses  the  rhyme,  and  prints  it  thus  :  — 

"  Deus  homo  fit 
De  domo  David, 
Natus  hodie."] 

Then  the  Jews  are  addressed  :  — 
"  List,  ye  Jews  all,  Who  refuse  all 
To  believe  in  God's  own  word, 
Seers,  in  order,  Shall  record  a 
Testimony  to  our  Lord." 

Then  the  Gentiles:  — 

"  Gentile  races,  From  all  places, 
Who  deny  the  virgin  birth, 
Hear,  ye  rebels,  Your  own  Sibyls, 
And  your  poets  tell  it  forth." 

Israel  is  the  first  witness :  — 
"  Come,  good  Israel,  and  tell 
What  of  Christ  thou  know'st  full  well."" 

He  replies  from  Gen.  xlix.  10  :  — 
"  Sovereignty  with  Jndah  resteth, 
Till  in  Shiloh's  self  it  vesteth, 
Unto  him  the  peoples  gather, 
Praising  Spirit,  Son,  and  Father." 

[M.  Corblet,  in  his  learned  Etude  Iconogra- 
phique  sur  VArbre  de  Jesse,  Paris,  1860,  places  this 
reply  in  the  mouth  of  Jesse,  but  this  must  be  a 
misprint.] 

Moses  is  the  next  witness  :  — 
"  Hither,  legislator  Moses : 
Hear  ye  all  what  he  discloses." 

He  replies  from  Deut.  xviii.  18,  19  :  — 
"  God  will  give  to  you  a  3eer, 
All  his  teaching  ye  must  bear ; 
He  to  hearken  who  refuseth 
All  the  Land  of  Promise  loseth." 

Isaiah  is  next  summoned :  — 
"  Come,  Isaiah,  and  record 
True  predictions  of  our  Lord." 

He  replies  from  Isa.  xi.  1  to  4  :  — 
"Branch  of  Jesse,  On  him  rests  the 

Spirit  of  the  Lord  our  God ; 
Thence  a  flower  Shall  rise  in  power, 
Smiting  earth  as  with  a  rod." 

Jeremiah  is  called  upon :  — 
"Come  and  tell  us,  Jeremiah, 
What  previsions  thee  inspire." 

He  replies:  "  Sic  est:  Hie  est  Deus  noster,  Sine 
quo  non  erit  alter."  The  exigency  of  the  metre, 
however,  has  forced  me  to  take  a  liberty  with  this 
answer,  and  to  father  the  following  sentiment 
upon  him,  for  which  I  find  authority  in  Lam. 
iii.  :  — 


490 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63. 


"  Thus  'tis:  just  is 

God  above  us, 
Yet  he  deigns  to  bless  and  love  us." 

Daniel  is  the  next  witness  :  — 

"Daniel,  tell  us  all 
What's  thy  prophetical 
View  of  the  Lord  of  all." 

Daniel  replies  from  chap.  ix.  24,  25 :  — 

"  At  the  end  of  weeks  appointed, 
Prince  Messiah  was  anointed." 

Habakkuk  is  summoned  :  — 

"  Habakkuk,  display  thy  fitness 
Of  King  Christ  to  offer  witness." 

The  reply  is  founded  on  passages  in  the  3rd 
chapter  of  his  prophecies :  — 

"  Who  God's  speech  heareth,  Trembleth  feareth, 

When  his  glory  covers  heaven ; 
When  His  horses,  Through  the  courses 
Of  the  sea,  chastise  the  heathen." 

This  closes  the  roll  of  the  prophets.  King 
David  is  next  called  upon :  — 

"  David  of  thine  own  descendant 
Speak,  while  all  are  here  attendant." 

David's  reply  is  taken  from  the  beautiful  Psalm 
given  in  1  Chron.  xvii.  31-33,  and  from  Psalm 
ex.  1 :  — 

"  Earth  rejoices ;  Mj'riad  voices 

Hail  the  Lord's  commencing  reign : 
Fields  and  trees  all,  Floods  and  seas  all, 

Roar,  rejoice,  and  sing  amain. 
The  Lord  said  unto  iny  Lord,  Sit  thou  at  my  right  hand." 

Simeon  next  comes  forward :  — 

"  Old  Simeon  ye  may  believe, 
Who  was  so  blest  as  to  receive 
A  promise  that  his  life  on  earth 
Should  last  until  the  Saviour's  birth." 

His  reply  is  the  Nunc  Dimittis,  Luke  ii.  29  :  — 

"  Lord,  now  thou  lettest  me  depart, 

In  peace  and  joy  fulness  of  heart, 
Because  mine  eyes  have  looked  upon  thy  face, 

Infant  Saviour, 
Who  bringest  all  the  world  God's  saving  grace." 

Elizabeth,  mother  of  John  the  Baptist,  is  next 
summoned  :  — 

"  Elizabeth,  approach,  and  render  praise 

To  God  who  crowned  with  fruit  thy  later  daj-s." 

The  reply  is  from  her  song,  Luke  i.  43-45,  re- 
ferring to  Mary :  — 

"  Blest  Believer,  I  receive  her, 

As  the  mother  of  my  Lord : 
While,  unbidden,  Babes,  though  hidden 
In  the  womb,  their  joy  record." 

John  Baptist  himself  is  next  called  upon,  in  a 
very  irregular  verse  :  — 

"  Tell,  0  Baptist,  Witness  aptesr, 

Why  thou  praisedst  Christ,  when  yet  on  life  unentered: 
Give  glory  to  the  Saviour,  whom 
Thou  haifedst  in  thy  mother's  womb." 


He  replies,  Matt.  iii.  11  :  — 
"  One  is  rising,  Who,  baptising 

With  the  Holy  Ghost  and  fire, 
Is  more  mighty :  As  of  right,  I, 
When  he  cometh  must  retire." 

Then  follows  the  most  curious  part  of  the  com- 
position, where  heathen  witnesses  are  called  in, 
and  forced  to  give  their  testimony  to  our  Saviour's 
advent.     The  first  of  these  is  Virgil :  — 
"  Virgil,  tell  us,  Gentile  poet, 
Of  Christ's  advent,  as  you  know  it." 

Virgil  answers,  "Ecce  polo  demissa  solo  nova 
progenies  est,"  which  I  venture  to  render  :  — 

"  See  from  heaven  descending,  the  first  of  a  new  race  on 

earth  here." 

I  have  searched  unavailingly  for  the  line  in  Vir- 
gil, and  I  have  the  authority  of  a  distinguished 
professor,  well  acquainted  with  the  text  of  Virgil, 
for  saying  that  it  is  not  there.  He  suggests  that 
it  may  be  Lucretius's,  but  this  I  cannot  tell. 

The  second  heathen  witness  is  Nebuchadnezzar, 
who  is  addressed  with  wonderful  incivility,  as  "  os 
lagenas."     This  I  imitate  as  follows  :  — 
"Bottle-nosed  old  toper,  mention 
What  came  under  thy  attention. 
Nabuchodonosor,  tell  us  truly 
What  it  was  that  checked  thy  course  unruly." 

M.  Maguin  suggests  that  the  second  couplet  was 
an  optional  variation  if  the  first  were  thought  too 
gross  for  use.  I  do  not  know  whether  there  is 
any  authority  for  representing  Nebuchadnezzar 
as  a  drunkard.  Perhaps  it  arises  from  some  con- 
fusion with  Belshazzar,  and  the  feast  which  was 
his  ruin.  At  any  rate,  I  suppose  that  the  person 
in  the  mystery  who  represented  Nebuchadnezzar 
wore  a  grotesque  mask,  or  was  so  got  up  as  to 
give  colour  to  the  imputation.  His  reply  is  Dan. 
iii.  25  :  — 
/'  When  raged  the  fire  Full  seven  times  higher 

Than  it  is  wont,  I  bound  and  cast 
In  it  three  men :  Now  four  free  men 

Walk  there — God's  own  Son  the  last. 
Fire,  that  did  but  snap  their  fetters, 
Burnt  their  enemy's  abettors." 

Last  conies  the  Sibyl  (of  whom  more  if  there 
were  space)  :  — 

"  Tell  us,  Sibyl,  ere  thou  goest, 
Signs  of  Christ,  which  thou  foreknowest" 

She  replies  :  — 

"A  sign  of  the  judgment:  earth  in  its  sweat  is  dissolv- 
ing; 

From  heaven  descendeth  the  Ruler  of  ages  yet  future, 
Present  with  us  in  flesh,  to  be  made  the  Judge  of  the 
whole  world." 

This  forms  the  first  strophe  of  a  longer  compo- 
sition found  in  other  MSS.,  which,  from  its  fre- 
quent occurrence,  would  seem  to  have  been  very 
popular.  The  music  attached  to  it  is  of  a  simple 
and  beautiful  character,  and  M.  de  Coussemaker 
regrets  that  it  has  not  been  preserved  in  the  offices 


3'd  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


491 


of  religion,  of  which  it  would  appear  during  the 
thirteenth  century  to  have  formed  part.  He  gives 
in  four  beautiful  plates  fac-similes  of  two  com- 
plete versions,  and  a  fragment  of  another.  Some 
years  ago  M.  Ferdinand  de  Guilhermy  was  pre- 
paring a  monograph  on  the  subject  of  the  Sibyls. 
Has  it  yet  appeared  ? 

The  mystery  closes  with  another  appeal  to  the 
Jew  — 

"  Still,  thou  unbelieving  Jew, 
Canst  thou  remain,  such,  since  all  this  is  true?  " 

followed    by   the   "  Benedicamus,"  which   opens 

thus :  — 

"  Let  us  sing  in  joyful  measures, 
Let  us  spend  in  harmless  pleasures, 
This,  the  natal  day  of  Jesus, 
From  our  sins  and  woes  who  frees  us." 

Such  is  this  curious  relic  of  the  piety  of  the 
Middle  Ages.  It  was  a  compendium,  in  fact,  of 
the  Evidences  of  Christianity,  and,  though  not 
such  as  Paley  or  Whately  would  have  approved 
for  severity  of  logic  in  our  own  day,  must  have 
served  the  same  purpose,  with  the  additional  ad- 
vantage of  dramatic  effect  to  render  it  impressive. 
Whether  or  not  the  dramatic  element  has  been  to 
too  great  an  extent  abandoned  in  the  services  of 
the  Church  of  England,  is  a  question  we  need  not 
concern  ourselves  with  here,  but  it  certainly  had 
its  value  as  a  medium  of  instruction  in  the  period 
when  it  was  most  flourishing.  In  the  words  of 
M.  Didron  (Iconographie  Ckretienne,  vii.)  <l  L'art 
graphique  et  1'art  dramatique  etaient  le  livre  de 
ceux  qui  ne  savaient  pas  lire."  And  there  is 
force  in  the  criticism  of  M.  Maguin  ( Origines  du 
Theatre  Moderns,  i.  xviii.),  that  the  offices  of  reli- 
gion are  themselves  really  of  a  dramatic  character. 
JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORKARD,  M.A. 


FOLK  LORE. 

THE  GRASSHOPPER  AND  CRICKET.  —  There  is  a 
belief  in  Ireland  that  the  cricket,  which  is  to  be 
found  in  all  houses  in  rural  districts,  and  smal] 
towns  and  villages  adjoining,  during  the  winter, 
is  the  grasshopper  from  the  summer  fields.  Whe- 
ther this  be  correct  or  not,  the  following  would 
seem  to  favour  the  notion :  —  Both  insects  are 
much  alike  in  appearance,  but  different  in  colour. 
The  dusky  brown  or  ash  hue  of  the  cricket,  is 
caused  by  its  proximity  to  the  fire,  which  in  most 
houses  consists  of  peat.  It  is  stated  that,  on  the 
approach  of  winter,  the  grasshopper  emigrates  to 
the  houses  to  spend  the  winter,  after  enjoying  the 
summer  sun  and  verdure  of  the  grassy  fields 
The  chirruping,  or  song,  of  both  insects,  taking 
their  different  habitations  into  account,  may  be 
said  to  resemble  each  other  in  no  small  degree 
Crickets  are  held  in  respect  by  the  inhabitants  o; 


the  houses  where  they  are  to  be  found,  and  their 
appearance  and  song  are  hailed  with  satisfaction 
as  an  omen  of  "  good  luck."  It  would  be  con- 
idered  very  improper  to  kill  or  harm  one,  and 
;he  same  feeling  prevails  as  regards  the  grass- 
aopper  in  the  fields.  Something  more  on  this 
subject  would  be  interesting,  no  doubt  to  many 
as  well  as  to  S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 

PEN-TOOTH. — A  Huntingdonshire  labourer  was 
telling  me  that  the  parish  doctor  had  just  drawn 
one  of  his  teeth.  I  asked  him  if  it  was  a  double 
tooth  ?  He  replied,  "  No,  it  was  my  pen-tooth." 
I  asked,  "Which  was  the  pen-tooth?"  and  he 
explained  that  it  was  the  last  of  the  single  teeth, 
nearest  to  the  double  teeth.  Whence  the  deriva- 
tion of  pen?  CUTHBERT  BEDE. 

GENII,  JIN,  GENIUS,  YIN.*  —  The  traditions  of 
the  earliest  civilisation  seem  to  have  travelled 
from  the  farthest  East.  Hence  in  the  Indo- 
Germanic  f  languages,  we  find  words  which  have 
apparently  been  derived  from  sources  scarcely  yet 
recognised.  For  example,  the  Persian  word  jint 
which  signifies  a  powerful  being,  forming  a  link, 
as  it  were,  between  man  and  the  angels  and  devils, 
and  endowed  with  a  longevity  just  short  of  im- 
mortality, may  possibly  be  derived  from  the  Chi- 
nese yin,  "  a  man  " ;  for  to  the  minds  of  the  savage 
hordes  that  bordered  on  that  ancient  region  of 
knowledge  and  power,  its  inhabitants  must  have 
seemed  something  more  than  human.  In  fact,  in 
oriental  romance,  the  Genii  are  frequently  re- 
presented as  connected  with  that  distant  empire. 

If,  as  is  generally  supposed,  the  Chinese,  at  an 
extremely  remote  period,  possessed  the  knowledge 
of  gunpowder,  the  fulminating  Jins  of  Eastern 
fable  are  easily  accounted  for ;  while  their  supe- 
rior knowledge  of  the  secrets  of  nature ;  their 
irreligion,  and  their  cruelty,  in  connection  with 
human  weaknesses,  are  quite  reconcilable  with 
the  effect  which  that  powerful,  peculiar,  and  ex- 
clusive people  must  have  produced  on  their  ig- 
norant and  superstitious  neighbours. 

The  length  of  days  of  the  Genii  also  corresponds 
with  the  fabulous  longevity  of  the  earliest  sove- 
reigns of  China;  and  their  capacity  for  telegraphic 
rapidity  of  communication  may  have  originated 
in  the  early  knowledge  of  writing  and  even  print- 
ing possessed  by  the  Chinese.  The  analogy  might 
be  still  further  carried  out,  if  necessary.  SP. 

FRENCH  FOLK  LORE.  —  A  French  man  and 
woman  were  engaged  to  be  married.  The  former 

*  The  Chinese  for  Genii  is  Se-en.  A  man  is  Jin  or 
Yin.  The  Chinese  words  Yan  or  Jan,  and  Foojan,  a 
woman,  are  suggestive  (vide  S.  jani,  H.  Nani  (grand- 
mother) &c.,  &c.,  also,  Miu,  a  cat ;  Keaou,  the  mythical 
dragon  peculiar  to  meadows  and  marshes. 

f  This  distinction,  is  introduced  to  simplify  the  fol- 
lowing remarks. 


492 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'<»  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63. 


afterwards  refused  to  fulfil  his  engagement,  and 
the  woman  sued  him  for  breach  of  promise  before 
the  court  of  New  Amsterdam,  as  the  city  of  New 
York  was  called  in  1656,  when  possessed  by  the 
Dutch ;  and  this  case  is  recorded.  One  of  the 
reasons  the  man  assigned  for  his  refusal  was,  that 
the  woman  "  is  capable,  or  able,  to  kill  any  man 
who  happens  to  know  her,  as  she  hath  a  white 
lung"  (vermits  un  witle  longh  heeft).  Though  the 
record  is  in  Dutch,  that  being  the  language  of  the 
country  where  they  sojourned  at  the  time,  I  infer 
that  the  superstition  was  French,  the  parties  in 
the  suit  having  been  natives  of  France. 

E.  B.  O'C. 

STEPMOTHER'S  BLESSINGS.  —  The  troublesome 
splinters  of  epidermis  or  scarf-skin,  which  often 
form  at  the  roots  of  the  nails,  are  thus  designated, 
but  why  ?  M.  D. 

ST.  CLEMENT'S  DAT.  —  It  was,  and  perhaps  is 
still,  a  custom  in  Staffordshire  for  children  to  go 
about  on  St.  Clement's  day,  November  23,  beg- 
ging for  apples,  in  the  following  uncouth  peti- 
tion :  — 

"  Clemeny,  Clemeny,  God  be  wi'  yon, 
Christmas  comes  but  once  a  ye-ar ; 
When  it  comes,  it  will  soon  be  gone, 
Give  me  an  apple,  and  I'll  be  gone." 

Does  this  custom  still  prevail  ?  for  I  speak  of 
fifty  years  ago ;  and  has  it  been  in  use  in  other 
parts  of  England  ?  F.  C.  H. 

To  the  record  of  Clemmening  Customs  may  be 
added  the  following :  —  The  bakers  of  Cambridge 
hold  an  annual  supper  on  St.  Clement's  Day, 
which  supper  is  called  "  the  Bakers'  Clem."  Their 
last  celebration  was  (for  convenience'  sake)  held 
on  Saturday  evening,  Nov.  21,  1863. 

COTHBERT  BEDK. 

CHILTERN  CUSTOMS  :  EGG  HOPPING.  —  There  is 
a  sport  widely  practised  by  the  boys  in  this  part 
of  these  hills,  which  they  call  "  Egg  Hopping  ":  — 

At  the  commencement  of  summer  the  lads 
forage  the  woods  in  quest  of  birds'  eggs.  These, 
when  they  have  found,  they  place  on  the  road  at 
distances  apart  in  proportion  to  the  rarity  or 
abundance  of  the  species  of  egg.  The  Hopper  is 
then  blindfolded,  and  he  endeavours  to  break  as 
many  as  he  can  in  a  certain  number  of  jumps.  I 
cannot  find  the  practice  mentioned  any  where,  nor 
can  I  glean  whence  it  originated.  Yet  the  uni- 
versality of  the  game,  and  the  existence  of  various 
superstitions,  as  raising  the  devil  by  repeating  the 
Lord's  Prayer  backwards,  combined  with  their  re- 
fusal to  part  with  the  eggs  for  money,  would  war- 
rant a  supposition  that  some  superstition  is  con- 
nected in  some  way  with  it.  I  should  be  glad  to 
learn  if  the  custom  exists  anywhere  else,  and  if 
any  reason  is  known  for  its  performance. 

Jxo.  BURIIAM  SAFFOHD. 


MACKINLAY   AND    THE  LAIRD  OF  LARGIE.— 
THE  CHIEFTAIN  AND  HIS  FOOL. 

(  Western  Highland  Legends,  hitherto  unpublished.) 

The  following  legends  are  thoroughly  genuine,, 
and  were  collected  for  me  by  a  dweller  in  Can- 
tire,  Argyleshire,  who  noted  them  down  from  the 
oral  recitation  of  the  Gaelic -speak  ing  tale-tellers, 
and  then  translated  them  for  my  especial  benefit. 
They  have  not  yet  appeared  in  print ;  and  I 
communicate  them  to  the  Christmas  Number  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  with  the  hope  that  they  may  prove 
appropriate  to  its  pages,  and  acceptable  to  its- 
readers.  Other  legends  from  the  same  interesting 
locality  were  contributed  by  me  to  the  Christmas 
Numbers  of  this  journal  for  '61  and  '62 ;  and 
upwards  of  fifty  appeared  in  Glencreggan ;  or  a 
Highland  Home  in  Cantire,  from  the  pen  of 

CUTHBEHT  BEDE. 

I.  MACKINLAT  AND  THE  LAIRD  OF  LARGIE. 

It  was  at  the  close  of  the  sixteenth  century,, 
when  James  VI.  of  Scotland  had  banished  Angus- 
Mac  Donald,  Laird  of  Largie,  Cantire,  and  had 
given  his  possessions  to  Argyll,  that  there  arose 
a  deadly  feud  between  the  Campbells  and  Mac- 
donalds.  At  this  period,  a  man  named  Mackinlayr 
who  had  reached  to  middle-age,  lived  at  a  short 
distance  from  the  Laird's  house,  with  his  wife 
and  a  grown-up  family  of  strong  young  men. 
The  sons  were  somewhat  wild,  and  did  not  al- 
ways behave  themselves  so  well  as  might  have 
been  expected, — a  circumstance  that  caused  their 
father  much  uneasiness,  as  he  did  not  like  to  hear 
the  just  complaints  of  Largie  and  the  neighbours. 
But  Mackinlay  was  a  favourite  with  the  Laird,, 
who,  on  his  account,  was  disposed  to  overlook  the 
faults  of  his  sons. 

It  was  on  a  New  Year's  Day,  when  the  young 
men  had  gone  away  to  their  sports,  that  Mackinlay 
and  his  wife  contented  themselves  at  home,  feast- 
ing on  a  shoulder^of  mutton.  Now,  the  transpa- 
rent shoulder-blade  of  a  sheep  has  always  been, 
superstitiously  used  in  Cantire  ;  for,  in  its  faintly- 
traced  lines  and  marks,  future  events  are  sup- 
posed to  be  indicated  to  those  who  have  the  skill 
to  "  read  "  them.  And,  in  addition  to  "  reading 
the  bone,"  the  Western  Highland  fortune-tellers 
were  accustomed  to  exercise  their  arts  by  "  read- 
ing dreams,"  by  cup-tossing,  and  by  "reading 
the  palm." 

When  Mackinlay  and  his  wife  had  ended  their 
New  Year's  dinner  by  eating  the  last  bit  of  mutton 
from  the  shoulder-blade,  Mackinlay  began  to 
Read  the  "Bone.  And,  when  he  had  passed  some 
time  in  so  doing,  his  wife  asked  him  what  he  saw- 
in  it  ?  but  as  he  did  not  give  her  a  satisfactory 
answer,  she  said  to  him  angrily,  "  Throw  it  from 
you  to  the  dog ! "  As  he  was  doing  so  he  said, 
"  If  we  shall  see  the  end  of  this  year  together, 


3rd  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


493 


we  shall  see  many  years  afterwards ;  but  I  see  a 
calamity  coining  this  way."  By  this  time,  the 
Laird  had  walked  into  Mackinlay's  house,  bidding 
him  a  good  New  Year.  Mackinlay  was  afraid 
that  his  sons  had  committed  some  misdemeanour, 
and  was  prepared  to  take  their  excuse ;  but  the 
Laird  said  that  such  was  not  the  reason  for  his  visit, 
but,  that  his  friends  in  Islay  were  robbed  and 
murdered  by  the  Campbells  ;  and  that,  as  he  was 
going  over  to  avenge  his  friends,  he  wished  Mac- 
kinlay to  accompany  him. 

Mackinlay  made  answer,  "  You  have  seen  the 
day  when  I  was  of  some  use  ;  but  now  my  limbs 
are  growing  stiff.  But  take  my  sons  with  you ; 
they  are  young  and  strong ;  and  they  will  aid  you 
better  than  I  can."  "  I  have  seen  your  strong 
arm,"  said  the  Laird,  "  and  I  will  yet  trust  more 
to  it  than  to  all  your  sons'  sinews."  So  Mac- 
kinlay went  with  the  Laird ;  and  a  boat  was  pre- 
pared, and  the  Laird  collected  all  those  whom  he 
thought  best  worthy  of  trust ;  and  they  left  the 
shore  of  Largie  to  cross  the  Channel  to  Islay. 
They  tried  to  land  about  the  middle  of  the  island ; 
but  the  wind  blew  from  the  south,  and  the  cur- 
rent was  strong,  and  they  were  driven  up  to  the 
Sound  of  Islay,  where  lay  Mac  Callain's  war 
ship.  Mac  Callain  saw  the  Laird's  boat,  and, 
well  knowing  that  he  was  coming  to  fight  the 
Campbells,  he  gave  him  chase  with  his  swift-sailing 
vessel,  well-manned  with  soldiers,  and  apprehended 
the  Laird  at  Eilein-mor-inaialiairmie,  an  island 
off  the  shore  of  Knabdale.  There  he  hanged  the 
Laird,  with  Mackinlay,  and  all  his  men  ;  and  then 
went  to  Largie,  burning  and  killing  the  people 
throughout  that  district.  There  he  apprehended 
the  sons  of  Mackinlay,  and  hung  them  all,  save 
one,  who  chanced  to  be  sick.  Him  he  took  with 
him  to  Inverary,  where  he  clapped  him  in  prison 
till  he  should  get  well,  when  he  intended  to  bring 
him  forth  and  hang  him. 

At  that  time,  Argyll  had  a  counsellor  of  the 
name  of  Macalriocgh,  who  told  him,  that,  if  he 
would  leave  alive  one  of  the  Mackinlays,  he  would 
be  sure  to  take  revenge  for  the  death  of  his  father. 
Just  at  the  same  time,  a  Dutch  ship  sailed  to  In- 
verary ;  and  its  Captain,  coming  on  shore,  chal- 
lenged the  Inverary  men  to  a  trial  of  strength  in 
putting  the  stone :  but  the  Captain  could  not  get 
a  man  that  would  hold  to  him.  Argyll  was 
angered  at  this,  and  asked  his  counsellor  what 
they  would  do  to  wipe  away  the  affront  that  the 
Dutch  Captain  had.  put  upon  them.  Macalriocgh 
answered,  that  he  thought,  if  young  Mackinlay 
had  not  been  sick,  he  would  have  been  the  Cap- 
tain's master.  Argyll  said,  that  if  young  Mac- 
kinlay would  beat  the  Dutchman,  he  would  get 
his  life  with  him. 

So  it  was  agreed  to  this ;  and  they  went  to 
Mackinlay's  prison  and  told  him  what  was  pro- 
posed ;  and  the  young  man  said  that  he  would 


face  the  Sea  Captain.  And,  on  a  day,  they  had 
their  trial  of  strength ;  and  Mackinlay  put  the 
stone  the  furthest,  and  beat  the  Captain.  The 
Captain  looked  upon  him  with  admiration,  and 
asked  him  if  he  would  go  to  sea  with  him,  pro- 
mising, if  he  would  do  so,  that  he  would  make 
him  a  gentleman. 

Then  Macalriocgh  said  to  Argyll,  "  If  he  comes 
back  a  gentleman,  he  will  have  the  means  to 
avenge  his  father's  death.  It  were  best  to  hang 
the  whelp,  and  make  an  end  of  the  family." 
Argyll  took  his  counsellor's  advice,  and  young 
Mackinlay  was  hung  forthwith.  And  thus  it  was 
that  the  ifamily  of  Mackinlay  was  exterminated  ; 
and  the  calamity  came  to  pass  that  Mackinlay 
had  foreseen  when  he  read  the  bone  on  New 
Year's  Day. 


II.   THE    CHIEFTAIN   AND   HIS   TOOL. 

In  olden  times  the  Highland  chiefs  and  landed 
proprietors  were  wont  to  amuse  themselves  by 
retaining  in  their  service  Poets,  Musicians,  and 
Jesters ;  and  oftentimes  the  Fool  was  the  wisest 
as  well  as  the  wittiest  of  them  all. 

There  was  a  chieftain  in  Cantire  who  had  a 
Fool  to  whom  the  people  came  for  advice.  Novr 
there  was  a  young  man  who  wished  to  get  himself 
married;  but  he  had  three  ladies  in  view,  and  he 
did  not  know  which  of  them  he  should  choose. 
So  he  came  to  the  Fool  for  advice.  And  when 
he  came,  he  found  the  Fool  riding  on  a  large  spar 
or  branch  of  a  tree,  in  the  same  way  that  a  little 
boy  rides  on  his  father's  staff. 

"  What  do  you  want  here  ?  "  said  the  Fool. 

"  I  want,  your  advice,"  replied  the  young  man ; 
"  for  I  want  to  get  myself  married." 

"  To  .whom  ?  "  asked  the  Fool. 

"  To  a  rich  widow,"  replied  the  young  man. 

"  I  do  not  like  to  hear  prayers  for  the  souls  of 
the  departed,"  said  the  Fool.  And  the  young 
man  understood  him  to  mean,  that  if  he  married 
the  rich  widow,  and  she  should  become  displeased 
at  any  time,  she  would  fall  to  speaking  of  her 
deceased  husband ;  and  the  young  man  thought 
that  he  should  not  like  to  hear  his  wife  praising 
another  above  himself.  So  he  determined  to  dis- 
miss the  rich  widow  from  his  thoughts. 

Then  the  Fool  came  capering  round  on  his 
stick ;  and  the  young  man  said,  "  I  am  going  to 
get  myself  married." 

"  To  whom  ?  "  asked  the  Fool. 

"  To  a  learned  lady,"  replied  the  young  man. 

"  Take  care  my  horse  does  not  give  you  a  kick !" 
said  the  Fool,  as  he  went  galloping  away  on  his 
stick.  And  the  young  man  understood  that  the 
Fool  did  not  approve  of  his  second  proposal ;  and 
he  himself  would  not  wish  to  be  thought  an 
ignorant  fellow  by  his  wife.  So  he  dismissed  the 
learned  lady  from  his  thoughts. 


494 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8**  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63. 


Again  the  Fool  took  his  round,  leaping  and 
lashing  his  wooden  horse :  and  the  young  man 
said,  "  I  want  to  get  myself  married." 

"  To  whom  ?  "  asked  the  Fool. 

"  To  a  servant  girl,"  replied  the  young  man. 

"  Oh  !  "  said  the  Fool;  "  alike  to  alike." 

So  the  young  man  understood  that  the  Fool 
approved  his  choice ;  and  he  thanked  him  for  his 
advice,  and  went  home  and  married  the  servant 
girl.  And  a  very  good  wife  she  made  him. 

There  is  another  tale  told  of  this  same  Fool. 
He  was  amusing  himself  at  the  side  of  the  river, 
when  a  gentleman  rode  up,  on  the  opposite 
side,  and  called  to  him  to  show  him  the  safest 
ford  across  the  water.  The  Fool  asked  him 
whither  he  was  bound ;  and  the  gentleman  told 
him,  naming  the  Fool's  master.  The  Fool  in- 
quired of  the  gentleman  if  he  intended  to  make 
any  stay  with  his  master  ;  and  the  gentleman  re- 
plied, Yes,  he  did,  for  he  had  not  seen  the  Chief 
for  a  long  time.  Now,  the  Fool  knew  that  his 
master  was  511  prepared  to  receive  any  guest ;  so 
he  thought  that  it  would  be  doing  him  a  kindness 
to  prevent  this  gentleman  from  going  to  his  house. 
Therefore,  when  the  gentleman  a  second  time 
asked  him  to  show  him  the  safest  ford,  the  Fool 
directed  him  to  the  very  deepest  spot  in  the  river. 
Accordingly,  when  the  gentleman  rode  into  the 
river,  he  had  not  proceeded  far  from  the  bank 
when  down  plumped  the  rider  and  his  horse  over 
head  and  ears  in  the  water.  They  would  have 
been  drowned  to  a  surety,  had  not  some  people 
chanced  to  come  by  at  the  moment,  and  with  some 
difficulty  they  rescued  the  gentleman.  He  was 
no  sooner  safe  on  the  bank  than  he  ran  up  to  the 
Fool  to  give  him  a  lashing. 

"  Why  did  you  lead  me  to  such  a  deep  place  ?" 
he  said. 

"  Truly,"  was  the  reply,  "  I  am  but  a  poor  Fool, 
and  how  was  I  to  know  that  the  place  was  so 
deep  ?  for  are  not  the  legs  of  your  honour's  horse 
far  longer  than  the  legs  of  my  master's  goose,  who 
hath  crossed  this  place  in  safety  over  and  over 
again  ?  " 

So  the  gentleman  laughed';  and,  instead  of 
giving  the  Fool  a  lashing,  he  gave  him  a  piece  of 
money  and  told  him  to  lead  the  way  to  his  mas- 
ter's house,  and  to  bear  in  mind  that  he  rode  a 
horse  and  not  a  goose. 

There  is  yet  another  tale  told  of  this  same 
Fool. 

He  was  once  sent,  together  with  another  laird's 
Fool,  to  gather  shellfish,  or  "  Madrach."  Their 
masters  had  laid  a  bet  which  of  the  two  Fools  was 
the  more  foolish  ;  and  so,  to  try  them,  they  left  a 
piece  of  gold  by  the  side  of  the  road  along  which 
the  Fools  would  have  to  pass;  and  then,  con- 
cealing themselves  behind  a  bush,  waited  to  see 
which  of  the  two  Fools  would  pick  up  the  piece 
of  gold.  When  they  came  to  it,  the  other  Fool 


said,  "  See  !  there  is  gold !  "  but  the  chief's  Fool 
replied,  "  When  we  are  gathering  gold,  let  us 
gather  it;  but,  when  we  are  sent  for  Maorach, 
let  us  go  for  it."  So  they  both  went  their  way 
for  the  shellfish  ;  and  hence  arose  the  proverb  — 
Whatever  we  are  doing,  let  us  do  it. 

But  this  Chief's  Fool  was  always  very  ready 
with  his  answer.  One  day  he  met  two  young 
gentlemen,  who  had  found  a  horse-shoe  on  the 
road,  which  they  showed  to  him,  saying,  "  See 
here !  we  have  got  a  horse-shoe !  "  "  Now,  what 
a  fine  thing  is  learning !  "  said  the  Fool.  "  You 
learned  gentlemen  can  tell  this  at  once  to  be  the 
shoe  of  a  horse ;  but  I,  who  am  but  a  poor  fool, 
could  not  for  my  life  tell  but  that  it  might  be  the 
shoe  of  a  mare." 


"THE  WONDER  OF  ALL  THE  WONDERS  THAT 
THE  WORLD  EVER  WONDERED  AT." 

I  beg  to  send  you,  Mr.  Editor,  for  your  Christ- 
mas Number,  one  of  the  Curiosities  of  Litera- 
ture, published  under  the  title  of  "  Horce  Sub- 
secivoR  "  in  the  Dublin  University  Review,  in  1 833, 
vol.  i.  p.  482,  by  the  late  Dr.  West,  of  Dub- 
lin: — 

"  Among  Swift's  works,  we  find  a  jeu  cfesprit,  entitled 
'  The  Wonder  of  all  the  Wonders  that  the  World  ever 
Wondered  at,'  and  purporting  to  be  an  advertisement  of 
a  conjuror.  There  is  an  amusing  one  of  the  same  kind 
by  a  very  humorous  German  writer,  George  Christopher 
Lichtenberg,  which,  as  his  works  are  not  much  known 
here,  is  perhaps  worth  translating.  The  occasion  on 
which  it  was  written  was  the  following.  In  the  year 
1777,  a  celebrated  conjuror  of  those  days  arrived  at  Got- 
tingen.  Lichtenberg,  for  some  reason  or  other,  did  not 
wish  him  to  exhibit  there ;  and,  accordingly,  before  the 
other  had  time  even  to  announce  his  arrival,  he  wrote  this 
advertisement,  in  his  name,  and  had  it  printed  and  posted 
over  the  town.  The  whole  was  the  work  of  one  night. 
The  result  was,  that  the  real  Simon  Pure  decamped  next 
morning  without  beat  of  drum,  and  never  appeared  in 
Gottingen  again.  Lichtenberg  had  spent  some  time  in 
England,  and  understood  the  language  perfectly,  so  that 
he  may  have  seen  Swift's  paper.  Still,  even  granting 
that  he  took  the  hint  from  him,  it  must  be  allowed  he 
has  improved  on  it  not  a  little,  and  displayed  not  only 
more  delicacy,  which  indeed  was  easy  enough,  but  more 
wit  also. 

" '  NOTICE. 

" '  The  admirers  of  supernatural  Physics  are  hereby 
informed  that  the  far-famed  Magician,  Philadelphus 
Philadelphia  (the  same  that  is  mentioned  by  Cardanus, 
in  his  book  De  Natura  Supernaturali,  where  he  is  styled 

The  envied  of  Heaven  and  Hell,")  arrived  here  a  few 
days  ago  by  the  mail,  although  it  would  have  been  just 
as  easy  for  him  to  come  through  the  air,  seeing  that  he 
is  the  person  who,  in  the  year  1482,  in  the  public  market; 
at  Venice,  threw  a  ball  of  cord  into  the  clouds,  and  climbr  ! 
upon  it  into  the  air  till  he  got  out  of  sight.  On  the  9th  of 
January,  of  the  present  year,  he  will  commence  at  the 
Merchant's- Hall,  publico-privately,  to  exhibit  his  one 
dollar  tricks,  and  continue  weekly  to  improve  them,  till 
he  comes  to  his  500  guinea  tricks ;  amongst  which  last 


.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


495 


are  some  which,' without  boasting,  excel  the  wonderful 
itself,  nay  are,  as  one  may  say,  absolutelyiimpossible. 

"  '  He  has  had  the  honor  of  performing  with  the  greatest 
possible  approbation  before  all  the  potentates,  high  and 
low,  of  the  four  quarters  of  the  world ;  and  even  in  the 
fifth,  a  few  weeks  ago,  before  her  Majesty,  Queen  Oberea, 
at  Otaheite. 

" '  He  is  to  be  seen  every  day,  except  on  Mondays  and 
Thursdays,  when  he  is  employed  in  clearing  the  heads  of 
the  honorable  members  of  the  Congress  of  his  countrymen 
.at  Philadelphia;  and  at  all  hours,  except  from  11  to  12 
in  the  forenoon,  when  he  is  engaged  at  Constantinople  ; 
and  from  12  to  1,  when  he  is  at  his  dinner. 

"  '  The  following  are  some  of  his  common  one  dollar 
tricks ;  and  they  are  selected,  not  as  being  the  best  of 
them,  but  as  they  can  be  described  in  the  fewest  words  : 

"  '  1.  Without  leaving  the  room,  he  takes  the  weather- 
cock off  St.  James's  church,  and  sets  it  on  St.  John's,  -and 
vice  versa.  After  a  few  minutes  he  puts  them  back  again 
in  their  proper  places.  N.B.  All  this  without  a  magnet, 
by  mere  sleight  of  hand. 

"  '2,  He  takes  two  ladies,  and  sets  them  on  their  heads 
on  a  table,  with  their  legs  up :  he  then  gives  them  a 
blow,  and  they  immediately  begin  to  spin  like  tops  with 
incredible  velocity,  without  breach  either  of  their  head- 
dress by  the  pressure,  or  of  decorum  by  the  falling  of 
their  petticoats,  to  the  very  great  satisfaction  of  all  pre- 
sent. 

"  '  3.  He  takes  three  ounces  of  the  best  arsenic,  boils  it 
in  a  gallon  of  milk,  and  gives  it  to  the  ladies  to  drink. 
As  soon  as  they  begin  to  get  sick,  he  gives  them  two  or 
three  spoonfuls  of  melted  lead,  and  they  go  away  in  high 
spirits. 

"'4.  He  takes  a  hatchet,  and  knocks  a  gentleman  on 
the  head  with  it,  so  that  he  falls  dead  on  the  floor.  When 
there,  he  gives  a  second  blow,  whereupon  the  gentleman 
immediately  gets  up  as  well  as  ever,  and  generally  asks 
what  music  that  was. 

"  '  5.  He  draws  three  or  four  ladies'  teeth,  makes  the 
company  shake  them  well  together  in  a  bag,  and  then 
puts  them  into  a  little  cannon,  which  he  fires  at  the 
aforesaid  ladies'  heads,  and  they  find  their  teeth  white 
and  sound  in  their  places  again. 

" '  6.  A  metaphysical  trick,  otherwise  commonly  called 
truv  metaphysica,  whereby  he  shows  that  a  thing  can 
actually  be  and  not  be  at  the  same  time.  It  requires 
great  preparation  and  cost,  and  is  shown  so  low  as  a 
dollar,  solely  in  honour  of  the  University. 

" '  7.  He  takes  all  the  watches,  rings,  and  other  ornaments 
of  the  company,  and  even  money  if  they  wish,  and  gives 
every  one  a  receipt  for  his  property.  He  then  puts  them 
all  in  a  trunk,  and  brings  them  off  to  Cassel.  In  a  week 
after,  each  person  tears  his  receipt,  and  that  moment 
finds  whatever  he  gave  in  his  hands  again.  He  has 
.made  a  great  deal  of  money  by  this  trick. 
••  "  '  N.B.  During  this  week,  he  performs  in  the  top  room 
at  the  Merchant's-Hall ;  but  after  that,  up  in  the  air  ove 
the  pump  in  the  market-place ;  for  whoever  does  not  pay 
will  not  see.'  " 

ElRIONNACH. 


ifttruir 


REMOVING  OIL-STAINS  FROM  BOOKS.  —  The  fol 
lowing  directions  for  removing  oil-stains  from 
books  seems  to  me  worthy  of  \  reservation  in  the 
pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  :  — 

"  The  remedy  is  sulphuric  ether.    .    .    .    If  the  stain 
are  extensive,  I  am  in  the  habit  of  rolling  up  each  lea 


nd  inserting  it  into  a  wide-mouthed  bottle  half  full  of 
ther,  and  shaking  it  gently  up  and  down  for  a  minute. 
>n  its  removal,  the  stains  will  be  found  to  have  disap- 
eared.  The  ether  rapidly  evaporates  from  the  paper, 
nd  a  single  washing  in  cold  water  is  all  that  is  after- 
vards  required. 

"  While  I  recommend  sulphuric  ether  especially,  it  is 
seful  to  know  that  it  is  not  alone  in  possession  of  the 
ower  of  removing  oily  stains.  Mineral^  naphtha  and 
icnzoline  possess  with  it  the  property  of  dissolving  oils, 
ixed  and  volatile,  tallow,  lard,  wax,  and  other  substances 
if  this  class.  Naphtha  is  an  excellent  solvent,  and  much 
:heaper  than  sulphuric  ether ;  but  unless  it  is  exceed- 
ngly  pure,  it  is  apt  to  tint  the  paper.  Your  other  cor- 
espondent «  Papyrongos,'  by  the  use  of  ether,  will  be 
inabled  at  all  times  to  detect  a  doctored  paper  mark  or 
date."— Le  Bibliophile  Illmtre  for  Sept.  1861,  p.  27. 

J.  C.  LINDSAY. 

St.  Paul,  Minnesota. 

"  STIR-UP  "  SUNDAY. — This  name  is  given  by 
school-girls  and  boys  to  the  25th  Sunday  after 
Trinity,  from  the  opening  words  of  the  Collect 
for  the  day.  It  is  a  bit  of  semi  folk-lore  that  has 
not  yet  been  recorded  in  these  pages ;  and  may 
now  serve  as  an  excuse  for  the  quotation  of  the 
following  introduction  to  the  noble  Stirring-up 
letter  of  S.  G.  O.  in  The  Times  for  Nov.  25  :  — 

"  Stir-up '  Sunday  is  a  day  associated  in  the  minds  of 
many  of  our  fellow-creatures  with  feelings  peculiar  to 
itself.  The  school  sons  and  daughters  of  the  well-to-do 
in  the  world  hail  this  collect  of  the  Church  as  a  pleasant 
witness  to  the  fact  that  the  weeks  of  the  passing  half- 
year  are  drawing  to  a  close,  the  day  for  home  is  rapidly 
approaching.  By  '  Stir-up '  Sunday  the  drapers  of 
country  towns  provide  the  exhibition  of  blankets  and 
flannels,  ready  against  the  demand  for  clothing  clubs, 
tempting  to  those  who  now  meditate  warming  gifts  to 
the  poor  and  the  cold.  Parish  clerks  seek  the  order  of 
the  churchwardens  for  coals  for  the  church  stove,  always 
lit  after  '  Stir-up '  Sunday.  Sunday-school  children, 
itching  with  early  chilblains,  repeat  this  collect  as,  in 
their  minds,  a  proclamation  that  winter  is  come,  just  as 
they  hail  the  cry  of  the  cuckoo  with  childish  glee  as  the 
voice  that  says  winter  is  gone.  The  wealthy  now  finally 
settle  the  programme  for  Christmas;  who  will  be  the 
guests,  and  what  is  to  be  done  in  preparation  for  the  holy- 
days  of  the  juveniles.  Every  newspaper  now  puts  forth 
its  advertisements  of  the  fashions  for  the  coming  winter ; 
especially  about  '  Stir-up '  Sunday  do  those  gentlemen 
who  have  to  sell  cheap,  under  money  difficulty  or  '  being 
ordered  to  a  warm  climate,'  the  beautiful,  scarcely  worn 
fur  cloaks  and  rugs,  put  forth  their  bait  to  wealthy  seekers" 
of  defence  against  winter's  cold. 

"  Of  late  years  I  have  observed  that  about  '  Stir-up ' 
Sunday  a  peculiar  and  most  seasonable  feature  of  '  intel- 
ligence' and  argument  developes  itself  in  The  Times. 
However  interesting  the  current  political  events  of  the 
day  may  be,  whatever  the  demand  upon  space,  from  the 
law  courts  at  home,  from  foreign  action  of  national  in- 
terest to  ourselves,  from  the  correspondence  of  writers 
who  are  exponents  of  valuable  opinions  on  any  of  the 
great  controverted  questions  of  the  hour,  room  is  found 
most  liberally  for  those  who,  acting  in  harmony  with  the 
petition  of  the  beautiful '  Stir-up '  collect,  seek  to  point 
out  '  the  good  works '  by  which  the  charitable  may  offer 
to  the  Deity  acceptable  fruits  of  Christian,  charitable 
deeds." 

CUTHBERT  BEDE. 


496 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  DEC.  19,  '63. 


POTATO  AND  POINT.  —  In  one  of  the  Cumber- 
land ballads  by  K.  Anderson,  whose  Works  hav< 
very  lately  been  noticed  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  I  find  tb< 
following  lines :  — 

"  Dinnerless  gang  ae  hawf  o'  the  week ; 

If  we  get  a  bit  meat  on  a  Sunday, 
She  cuts  me  nae  mair  than  would  physic  a  sneype, 
Then  we've  'tatey  and  point  every  Monday." 

This  is  a  reference  to  a  common  expression 
very  much  in  use  in  the  northern  counties,  and  is 
used  figuratively  to  imply  very  scanty  fare :  "  We 
shall  have  'tateys  and  point  to  dinner."  On 
making  inquiry  into  the  origin  of  the  expression, 
I  was  told  that  it  was  the  practice  at  a  time  when 
a  duty  upon  salt  made  it  much  dearer  than  it  is 
at  present,  and  when  that  article  got  scarce  in  a 
household,  for  the  persons  round  the  table  to 
point  the  potato  at  the  salt,  or  salt-cellar,  as  if  to 
cheat  the  imagination.  Has  the  expression  any 
other  origin  ?  And  is  it  used  in  any  of  the  other 
parts  of  England.  I  think  1  have  heard  of  it  being 
used  in  Ireland,  but  cannot  quote  the  authority. 

T.  B. 

BOYLE. — Mention  is  made  in  Debrett's  Peerage, 
under  the  title  "  Glasgow,"  of  Charles  Boyle,  the 
third  son  of  the  first  earl ;  without,  however,  any 
particulars,  save  that  he  "  died  unmarried."  I 
find  it  stated  in  the  New  York  Council  Minutes, 
Jan.  4,  1730-1,  that  the  Honourable  Charles  Boyle 
petitioned  for  a  grant  of  land  at  Oyster  Bay,  on 
Long  Island,  which  had  escheated  to  the  crown  in 
consequence  of  the  previous  proprietor  having 
died  without  heirs ;  and  that  he  subsequently  did 
obtain  a  grant  of  said  land.  I  presume  he  came 
to  New  York  with  Gov.  Montgomerie,  another 
Scotchman,  about  the  year  1728.  On  the  death 
of  Gov.  Montgomerie,  in  1731,  Mr.  Boyle  was  one 
of  the  securities  for  Charles  Home ;  who,  as 
nearest  of  kin,  was  appointed  administrator.  He 
was  appointed  Justice  of  the  Peace  and  Quo- 
rum for  the  county  of  Queens,  April  6,  1738; 
and  was  still  in  the  colony  June  28,  1739,  when 
he  again  made  application  for  an  additional  grant 
of  land.  E.  B.  O'C. 

ABMY  MOVEMENTS.  —  The  "  changes  of  base" 
of  the  "  Army  of  the  Potomac,"  and  of  the  rebel 
"  Army  of  Virginia  "  during  the  past  two  years, 
remind  one  (says  an  American  writer)  of  the 
Southern  campaign  of  1791,  as  described  in  a 
song  which  was  popular  at  the  close  of  the  Revo- 
lutionary war :  — 

"  Cornwallis  led  a  country  dance, 
The  like  was  never  seen,  sir ; 
Much  retrograde  and  much  advance. 

And  all  with  General  Greene,  sir. 
"  They  rambled  up  and  rambled  down, 
Joined  hands,  and  off  they  ran,  sir; 
Our  General  Greene  to  old  Charlestown, 
And  the  Earl  to  Wilmington,  sir." 

ST.  T. 


REVALENTA.  —  The  materials  of  this  much-ad- 
vertised article  have  excited  some  curiosity.  I 
remember  visiting  Sir  John  Conroy's  magnificent 
establishment  for  breeding  and  feeding  pigs  at 
Arborfield,  near  Reading.  On  asking  about  the 
food,  I  heard  that  the  small  African  lentiles  came 
into  their  diet.  At  my  request  a  pint  or  two 
were  given  to  me,  and  on  my  return  home  I  had 
them  ground  in  a  coffee-mill,  and  made  into  por- 
ridge. According  to  my  judgment,  the  taste  very 
much  corresponded  with  the  article  styled  "  Reva- 
lenta."  It  had  a  different  appearance,  being  of  a 
much  darker  colour.  This  appeared  to  be  from 
the  rind,  which  was  not  removed.  This  lentile 
had  a  reddish  tint,  reminding  of  "  that  same  red 
pottage  "  (Gen.  xxv.  30),  that "  pottage  of  lentiles  " 
(v.  34)  of  which  we  hear  in  connection  with  Esau. 
1  merely  write  this  us  fact,  and  as  a  matter  of  my 
own  experience,  and  not  the  least  in  disparage- 
ment of  Revalenta,  which  I  have  at  times  used 
with  much  satisfaction.  FRANCIS  TRENCH. 

Islip,  Oxford. 

AUTHOR  OF  GRANDSIRE  BOB.  —  Besides  the 
mysteries  of  Treble  Bob,  and  all  the  Bobs,  it 
has  been  a  mystery  who  was  the  first  inventor  of 
such  peals. 

The  following  doggerel  lines  throw  some  light 
on  the  subject.  Though  devoid  of  all  elegance, 
they  are  interesting  as  a  matter  of  history,  and 
therefore  may  well  be  recorded  in  the  world-wide 
pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  They  were  first  published 
in  1668  in  the  Art  of  Ringing  by  Fabian  Sted- 
mans,  a  work  commended  by  Dr.  Burney  in  his 
History  of  Music. 

"  Upon  the  Presentation  of  Grandsire  Bob  to  the  Colledge 
Youths  by  the.  Author  of  that  Peal. 

"  Gentlemen  of  the  noble  crew, 
Of  Colledge  Youths  —  there  lately  blew 
A  wind,  which  to  my  noddle  flew, 
(Upon  a  daye,  when  as  it  snew,)  • 
Which  to  my  brains  the  vapors  drew, 
And  there  began  to  work  and  brew, 
Till  in  my  Pericranium  grew 
Conundrums,  how  some  peal  that's  new 
Might  be  compos'd ;  and  to  pursue 
These  thoughts  (which  did  so  whet  and  hew 
My  flat  invention)  and  to  shew 
What  might  be  done,  1  strait  withdrew 
Myself  to  ponder  —  whence  did  accrue 
This  Grandsire  Bob,  which  unto  you 
I  dedicate ;  for  there's  but  few 
Besides,  so  ready  at  their  Queue 
(Especially  at  the  first  view) 
To  apprehend  a  thing  that's  new, 
Tho'  they'll  pretend  and  make  a  shew, 
As  if  the  intricat'st,  they  knew, 
What  Bob  doth  mean,  and  Grandsire  true, 
And  read  the  course  without  a  clue 
Of  the  new  peal :  yet  tho'  they  screw 
Their  shallow  brafns,  they'll  ne'er  unglue 
The  method  on't :  (and  I'm  a  Jew 
If  I  don't  think  this  to  be  true), 
They  see  no  more  on't  than  blind  Hugh. 
Well,  let  their  tongues  run  Tityre  tu, 


3rd  S.  IV.  DKC.  1!),  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


497 


Drink  muddy  Ale,  or  else  French  Lieue, 
Whilst  we  our  sport  and  art  renew, 
And  drink  good  Sack  till  sky  looks  blew, 
So  Grandsire  bids  vou  all  adieu. 


Grandsire  Bob  consists  of  720  changes,  which 
may  be  rung  or  set  down  1440  different  ways. 

II.  T.  ELLACOMBE,  M.A. 

SELF-ESTEEM  OP  THE  ENGLISH.  —  A  passage 
from  Hentzner's  Travels,  quoted  at  p.  429  of  the 
present  volume  of  "  N.  &  Q."  to  the  effect,  that 
when  the  English  see  a  foreigner  very  well  made, 
or  particularly  handsome,  they  say  it  is  a  pity  he 
is  not  an  Englishman,  is  curiously  illustrated  by  a 
remark  in  the  Relation  of  the  Island  of  England, 
written  about  1500  by  one  of  the  Venetian  am- 
bassadors, and  edited,  with  a  translation,  for  the 
Camden  Society,  by  Miss  Sneyd.  The  writer 
says  that  he  has  understood  that  — 

"  The  English  are  great  lovers  of  themselves,  and  of 
everything  belonging  to  them ;  they  think  that  there  are 
no  other  men  than  themselves,  and  no  other  world  but 
England ;  and  whenever  they  see  a  handsome  foreigner, 
they  say  that  'he  looks  like  an  Englishman,' and  'it 
is  a  great  pity  that  he  should  not  be  an  Englishman.' 
And  when  they  partake  of  any  delicacy  with  a  foreigner, 
they  ask  him  '  whether  such  a  thing  is  made  in  their 
country  ?  '  "—P.  21. 

The  account  given  of  us  by  this  noble  Venetian 
is  certainly  not  flattering ;  but  it  must  be  con- 
fessed that,  as  to  the  above  point,  the  statements 
of  these  two  travellers,  at  the  interval  of  a  cen- 
tury from  each  other,  would  probably  even  now, 
after  the  lapse  of  250  years  more,  be  confirmed  in 
substance  by  most  foreigners.  VEBNA. 

BEDE  AND  DE  MORGAN. — Most  of  your  readers 
who  are  at  all  interested  in  chronology,  will  know 
that  the  last  of  these  writers  has  published  thirty- 
two  Almanacs  ;  from  which  the  student  may  turn 
out  the  Almanac  of  the  year  on  which  he  is  en- 
gaged, with  the  means  of  finding  new  moons,  &c. 
Not  having  this  book,  but  wanting  the  informa- 
tion it  conveys,  I  found  in  the  first  volume  of 
Ven.  Bede's  Works  what  he  calls  twenty-eight 
Circnli;  will  some  one  tell  me  how  I  can  use  these 
List,  so  as  to  do  without  the  "  Book  of  Almanacs  ?" 
Should  this  meet  ME.  DE  MORGAN'S  eye,  I  have 
no  doubt  he  will  be  much  amused  to  find  that  he 
has  been  anticipated  by  Ven.  Bede  1500  years 
fijo.  WM.  DAVIS. 

Oscott 


ANONYMOUS.  — - 

"The  Exhibition,  or  a  Second  Anticipation  ;  being  re- 
marks on  the  principal  works  to  be  exhibited  next  month, 
at  the  Royal  Academy.  By  Roger  Shanhagan,  Gent." 
London,  8vo,  pp.  101. 

Who^was  the  author  ?         JOSEPH  Rix,  M.D. 

St.  Neot's. 


ANONYMOUS.  —  Who  was  the  author  of  The 
Adcc.ntures  of  Naufragus,  1827  ?  H. 

BLOTTING-PAPER.  —  Can  any  one  inform  me 
when  blotting-paper  came  into  use  ?  I  have  rea- 
son to  believe,  but  the  opinion  requires  confirma- 
tion, that  it  was  known  on  the  continent  of  Europe 
some  time  before  it  found  its  way  into  this  coun- 
try. I  shall  be  glad  to  have  instances  furnished 
me  of  the  use  of  the  substance  or  the  occurrence 
of  the  name,  or  its  equivalents  (such  as  charta- 
bibula,  Latin  ;  papier-brouillard,  French  ;  carta- 
sciuga  and  carta-sugante,  Italian ;  Loschpapier, 
German)  before  the  year  1600.*  GRIME. 

ROBERT  BURNS,  JUN.  —  In  Watt's  Bibliotheca 
Britannica,  the  following  entry  appears :  — 

"Burns  (Robert)  son  of  the  celebrated  Scotch  Bard. 
The  Caledonian  Musical  Museum,  a  complete  Vocal  Li- 
brary, 1809,  12mo." 

Can  any  of  your  readers  give  me  some  informa- 
tion regarding  this  work  ?  SCOTUS. 

CHARTULARIES  OF  CARROW  ABBEY,  NORWICH  : 
NATHANIEL  AXTELL,  ESQ. — Dugdale,  in  his  Afo- 
nasticon  Anglicanum,  mentions  some  chartularies  of 
Carrow  Priory,  which  was  a  Benedictine  convent 
at  a  short  distance  from  the  city  of  Norwich,  as 
being  in  the  possession  of  Nathaniel  Axtell,  Esq., 
who  was  living,  I  believe,  in  the  year  1712.  Of 
these  valuable  documents,  I  believe  that  all  traco 
is  now  lost,  but  is  anything  known  of  Axtell  ? 
and  what  became  of  his  papers  ?  All  that  I  can 
learn  of  him  is  that  he  presented  to  the  united 
livings  of  St.  Julian's  and  All  Saints  in  Norwich, 
which  were,  during  the  monastic  period,  in  the 
presentation  of  the  prioress  of  Carrow.  As  I  am 
gathering  together  all  facts,  &c.,  relating  to  this 
establishment,  I  should  be  glad  if  any  of  your 
numerous  readers  who  may  chance  to  know  any- 
thing concerning  it  would  be  kind  enough  to  com- 
municate with  me,  either  through  the  medium 
of  your  columns,  or  by  letter  to  my  address  as 
under.  EDW.  A.  TILLETT. 

Carrow  Abbey,  Norwich. 

CAPNOBAT^E.  —  Is  anything  known  of  the  Scy- 
thian Capnobatas  except  from  Strabo's  casual  men- 
tion of  them  ?  MATHEMATICUS. 


[*  Fuller,  who  died  in  1661,  in  his  Worthies  (Cam- 
bridgeshire) seems  to  allude  to  blotting-paper.  He  says, 
"There  are  almost  as  many  several  kinds  of  paper  as 
conditions  of  persons  betwixt  the  emperor  and  beggar: 
imperial,  royal,  cardinal ;  and  so  downwards  to  that 
coarse  paper  called  emporetica,  useful  only  for  chapmen  to 
wrap  their  wares  therein.  Paper  participates  in  some 
sort  of  the  characters  of  the  countrymen  which  make  it : 
the  Venetian  being  neat,  subtile,  and  courtlike;  the 
French  light,  slight,  and  slender ;  the  Dutch,  thick,  cor- 
pulent, and  gross ;  not  to  say  sometimes  also  charta  bibula, 
sucking  up  the  ink  with  the  sponginess  thereof."  In  an 
"  Account  of  Stationery  supplied  to  the  Receipt  of  the 
Exchequer  and  the  Treasury,  16G6-1668,"  occur  several 
entries  of  "one  and  two  quires  of  blotting-paper."  Vide 
«N.  &  Q."  1"  S.  viii.  104, 185.— ED.] 


498 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"»  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63. 


JOHN  GUY,  merchant  of  Bristol,  in  1609,  pub- 
lished a  treatise  on  the  plantation  of  Newfound- 
land, of  which  he  subsequently  became  governor. 
There  is  extant  a  proclamation  by  him  dated 
Cooper's  Cove,  August  13,  1611,  against  abuses 
and  bad  customs  by  persons  who  used  the  trade 
of  fishing  in  those  parts.  He  and  his  family  re- 
mained there  two  years.  He  especially  aimed 
at  a  trade  with  the  Indians,  and  employed  one 
Captain  Whittington  for  the  purpose.  Mr.  Guy, 
who  was  an  alderman  of  Bristol,  served  the 
office  of  mayor  of  that  city  in  1618-19.  (Pur- 
chas's  Pilgrims,  ii.  1875-1877  ;  Stow's  Chron.  ed. 
Howe's,  943  ;  Barrett's  Bristol,  177,  178,  688  ; 
Seyer's  Bristol,  ii.  259,  260 ;  Pryce's  Bristol,  485, 
620 ;  Sainsbury's  Cal.  Col.  State  Papers,  20,  303 ; 
Green's  Cal.  Dom.  State  Papers,  James.  I.  iii.  19.) 
We  desire  to  ascertain  the  title  of  his  treatise,  and 
the  date  of  his  death. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

COLONEL  AND  MRS.  LUCY  HUTCHINSON.  —  At 
the  time  of  the  publication  of  "  The  Memoirs  of 
Colonel  Hutchinson,  by  Mrs.  Lucy  Hutchinson," 
there  was  in  possession  of  Mr.  Jones,  a  solicitor, 
in  addition  to  the  Memoirs  which  were  printed, 
many  other  family  papers,  and  also  the  portraits 
of  Colonel  Hutchinson  and  his  wife.  Information 
is  desired  as  to  where  such  portraits  and  papers 
are  now  to  be  found.  S.  1ST. 

DAVID  LAMONT,  D.D.,  minister  of  Kirkpatrick, 
Durham,  in  Kirkcudbrightshire,  and  author  of 
several  volumes  of  sermons,  was  living  in  1830. 
When  did  he  die  ?  S.  Y.  R. 

BEQUEST  FOR  ROOD  LOFTS. — William  Bruges, 
Garter-King- at- Arms,  London,  by  his  will,  dated 
1449,  left  certain  monies  for  "the  complesshyng 
and  ending  of  the  church  of  Staunford,  that  is 
covering  with  lede,  glassyng,  and  making  of  pleyn 
desques,  and  of  a  pleyn  rode  lofte,  and  in  puying 
of  the  seyd  church  nowit  curiously,  but  pleynly ; 
and  in  paving  of  the  hole  chirch  body  and  quere 
with  Holland  tyle."  Is  there  any  earlier  instance 
than  this  of  any  one  leaving  a  bequest  for  the 
making  of  a  rood  loft  ?  Bequests  for  pewing,  &c., 
were  common.  JOHN  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 

MANUCEL,  MAUNELL,  OR  MAWNELL.  —  I  am 
desirous  of  knowing  the  derivation  of  these  sur- 
names, and  whether  there  are  any  instances  of 
their  use.  J.  M. 

MELANCHTHON.  —  In  my  copy  of  Melanchthon's 
Letters,  Witebergae,  MDLXV.,  I  find  a  MS.  Epi- 
gram, viz. :  — 

"  QuEeritur  arrodant  quare  tua  scripta,  Philippe, 

Tarn  niulti,  cunctis  ante  probata  piisP 
Arte  dolent  omnes  se  vinci :  plurimus  ergo 
Momus  in  arte  tibi,  nullus  in  arte  mimus. 
Stultis  stulta  placent :  cuuctis  gratissima  doctis, 
Si  qua  Melanthonium  pagina  nomen  habet." 


'Is  this  original,  or  transcribed  from  some 
printed  eulogies  of  that  day  ? 

C.    W.    BlNGlIAM. 

"  ORBIS  SENSUALIUM  VICTUS."  —  Where  can  I 
procure  reliable  bibliographical  information  re- 
specting the  early  editions  of  the  Dano-Germano- 
Latinus  versions  of  the  Orbis  Sensualium  Victus  ? 

JOHN  N.  HARPER. 

POMEROY  FAMILY. — Richard  Pomeroy,  of  Bow- 
den,  Esq.,  married  Eleanor,  daughter  of  John 
Cotter,  Esq.,  Mapowder,  Dorset,  in  the  reign  of 
Henry  VIII.,  and  left  two  sons — Henry  and  John. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  inform  me,;  if  either  of 
them  left  descendants  ?  W.  S. 

PROCESS  AT  BERNE.  —  Bishop  Burnet,  in  a 
letter  from  Zurich,  dated  September  1,  1685, 
states  that  he  read  at  Berne  the  original  process  in 
the  Latin  record,  signed  by  the  Notaries  of  the 
Court  of  Delegates,  that  the  Pope  sent  to  try 
four  Dominican  friars  accused  of  a  blasphemous 
cheat,  for  which  they  were  burnt  in  a  meadow  on 
the  other  side  of  the  river  over  against  the  great 
church  at  Berne,  May  31,  1509. 

Query.  Is  the  process  referred  to  still  preserved 
at  Berne?  ?. 

Kingstown. 

THE  PROPHET  IN  THE  PASSION  MYSTERIES. — 
Brand  {Popular  Antiquities,  vol.  i.  p.  130,  Bohn's 
edit.)  gives  several  extracts  from  churchwardens' 
accounts  of  payments,  in  pre-reformation  times, 
to  the  prophet  at  the  reading  of  the  Passion. 
Who  was  this  prophet  supposed  to  represent? 
Was  he  a  character  in  the  mystery  or  play  of  the 
Passion  ?  Or  was  he  merely  the  reader  of  the 
Scripture  describing  that  event  ?  M.  C. 

QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — 

"  Life — what  is  life?  but  the  immediate  breath  we  draw : 
Nor  have  we  surety  for  a  second  gale. 
A  frail  and  fickle  tenement  it  is ; 
Which,  like  the  brittle  glass  which  measures  time, 
Is  broke  e'er  half  its  sands  are  run." 

Can  you  inform,  me  the  author  of  the  above 
lines  ?  C.  A.  NEWTON. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  tell  me  who  is  the 
author  of  the  following?  When  at  Rugby,  I 
remember  its  being  given  as  a  subject  for  Latin 
verse ;  and  I  have  now  copied  it  from  the  fly- 
leaf of  a  book,  where  I  then  wrote  it :  — 
"  Few  the  words  that  I  have  spoken, 

True  love's  words  are  ever  few ; 
Yet  by  many  a  speechless  token 

Hath  my  heart  discoursed  to  you ; 
Souls  that  to  each  other  listen, 
Hear  the  language  of  a  sigh, 
Read  the  silent  tears  that  glisten, 

In  the  tender  trembling  eye. 
When  your  cheek  is  pale  with  sadness 

Dimmer  grows  the  light  of  mine, 
And  your  smiles  of  sunny  gladness 
In  my  face  reflected  shine. 


3'd  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


499 


Though  my  speech  is  faint  and  broken, 

Though  my  words  are  ever  few, 
Yet,  hy  many  a  voiceless  token, 

All  my  heart  is  known  to  YOU." 

K.  R.  C. 

Who  is  the  author  of  some  lines  on  the  pro- 
priety of  grasping  a  nettle  when  plucking  it?  I 
think  the  second  verse  begins:  — 

"  So  it  is  with  vulgar  natures." 

M.  S. 

The  following  is  quoted  by  a  monthly  periodical 

as  an  extract  from  "  one  of  the  Fathers  : " — 

I 
"  Utilis  lectio,  utilis  eruditio,  sed  inagis  utilis  UNCTIO." 

I  shall  be  glad  to  learn  in  what  work  of  the 
Fathers  this  is  to  be  found  ?  GEORGE  LLOYD. 

Could  any  of  your  readers  give  me  the  name 
of  the  author  of  the  following  lines,  and  where  I 
could  find  them  ?  — 

"  God  and  the  doctor  we  alike  adore, 

But  only  when  in  danger,  not  before ; 
The  danger  o'er,  both  are  alike  requited, 
God  is  forgotten,  and  the  doctor  slighted." 

T.  C.  B. 

"  When  Seeker  preaches,  and  when  Murray  pleads, 
The  church  is  crowded,  and  the  bar  is  thronged." 

OXONIENSIS. 

HOLLO'S  FIRST  WIFE.  —  Who  was  the  father  of 
Poppee,  Poppa,  or  Popa,  the  first  wife  of  Rollo, 
Duke  of  Normandy  ?  Rapin  (vol.  i.  p.  99)  calls 
him  Earl  of  Bayeux.  Jules  Janin  (De  la  Nor- 
mandie,  p.  10),  calls  him  Seigneur  de  Bayeux. 
What  right  had  he  to  either  of  these  titles? 
What  became  of  his  descendants  ?  Did  they  ever 
become  Viscomtes  du  Bessin  ?  MELETES. 

J.  SHUHLEY. — I  possess  a  small  volume  entitled 
Ecclesiastical  History  Epitomized.  The  work  is  in 
two  parts.  On  the  title  of  part  i.  it  is  stated  to  be 
"  collected  by  J.  S.  Gent. ; "  and  the  introduction 
to  part  ii.  is  subscribed  J.  Shurley,  but  without 
any  address  or  further  reference.  The  first  part 
was  printed  in  1682,  and  the  second  part  in  1683, 
both  parts  being  printed  for  William  Thackeray, 
on  London  Bridge.  To  the  second  part  there  is  a 
curious  frontispiece,  giving  the  fathers  of  the  Re- 
formation seated  round  a  table,  while  a  figure 
dressed  in  pontifical  robes  is  attempting  to  blow 
out  a  candle  which  stands  on  the  middle  of  the 
table,  and  this  figure  is  supported  by  the  Devil 
and  other  personages.  I  think  it  is  very  likely 
that  the  first  part  had  an  illustrated  title  or  frontis- 
piece. The  work  came  into  my  possession  in  a 
very  tattered  condition,  and  possibly  the  frontis- 
piece had  been  lost. 

Who  was  this  J.  Shurley  ?  There  is  no  mention 
of  him,  nor  of  the  work,  in  Bonn's  edition  of 
Lowndes,  nor  can  I  find  any  mention  of  either  in 
any  bibliographical  work  in  my  possession.  It  is  a 


curious  compilation.    Any  information  will  oblige 
me.*  T.  B. 

WAFFEES.  — 

"  Waffers,  in  his  charming  little  poem,  The  Visitation, 
says,  anticipating  Wordsworth's  '  forty  feeding  like  one  '  : 
'  Unanimous  in  grief  or  fun, 
Ten  talk,  and  laugh,  and  weep  like  one.'  " 

P.  17. 

"  No  one  has  sketched  the  weakly  and  the  kindly 
points  of  the  clergy  more  delicately  than  Waffers."  — 
P.  48. 

(Literary  Recollections,  by  an  Old  Reader. 

London,  1825.) 

Can  you  inform  me  who  WafFers  was,  and  where 
I  can  find  The  Visitation  ?  O.  A.  E. 

WALLOON  CHURCH,  SOUTHAMPTON.  —  In  Mr. 
Burn's  History  of  the  Foreign  Refugees  (1846),  I 
find,  at  p.  80,  under  the  heading  "  Southamp- 
ton :"  — 

"  At  this  town  there  was  a  settlement  of  the  Walloons, 
and  also  Refugees  from  the  islands  of  Jersey,  Guernsey, 
and  Sark,  and  the  Orkneys." 

WThen,  and  under  what  circumstances,  were  these 
refugees  driven  from  the  islands  here  enume- 
rated ?  How  came  any  refugees  from  the  Orkneys 
to  have  anything  to  do  with  a  Walloon  or  French 
church  at  Southampton  ?  MELETES. 

WORKMAN'S  MS.,  AND  POUT'S  "  BOOK  OF  BLA- 
ZONS." —  Nisbet,  in  his  well-known  treatise  on 
Scotch  Heraldry,  makes  reference  to  a  manuscript 
by  some  one  of  the  name  of  Workman  ;  and  also 
to  a  Book  of  Blazons  by  Mr.  Pont.f  Will  any  of 
your  Scotch  correspondents  kindly  inform  me  if 
these  still  exist.?  In  what  form,  and  where  de- 
posited? FCEDUS. 


<S=lumcjS  tottf) 

WASSAIL.  —  Would  you  kindly  give  me  the 
old  recipe  for  wassail  ?  I  want  to  revive  it  in  my 
family  this  year,  but  want  a  good  old  English 
recipe.  Is  it  still  made  in  Norfolk  ?  Is  their 
recipe  the  same  as  the  old  ?  A.  W.  TAYLOR. 

[The  ingredients  of  the  earlier  Wassail  Bowl,  it  would 
seem,  were  not  the  same  as  those  of  a  later  period.  In 
Wharton's  Anglia  Sacra,  i.  164,  is  a  curious  account  of  a 
visit  of  King  Edgar  to  the  Abbey  of  Abingdon.  It  is 
there  said  that  "  the  king  was  glad,  and  commanded  that 
hydromel  [metheglin]  should  be  abundantly  supplied  for 


[  *  His  Ecclesiastical  History  Epitomized,  1682-3,  is  neither 
in  the  Bodleian  Library  nor  in  that  of  the  British  Museum. 
The  latter  contains  a  copy  of  another  work  by  him,  en- 
titled, The  Honour  of  Chivalry,  or  the  Famous  and  De- 
lectable History  of  Don  Bellianis  of  Greece.  Translated 
out  of  Italian.  In  Three  Parts.  London,  4to,  1683.  The 
preface  to  second  and  third  parts  is  signed  J.  Shurley.] 

[t  Nisbet  (vol.  i.  p.  263)  states  that  "  the  most  exactest 
copy  he  had  seen  of  James  Pont's  MS.  Collections  of  the 
Blazons  of  the  Nobility  and  Gentry  in  Scotland  in  the 
year  1624,  was  in  the  House  of  Seton,  where  he  died." — 
£D.] 


500 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63. 


the  visitors  to  drink.  What  followed  ?  The  attendants 
drew  the  liquor  all  day  in  full  sufficiency  for  the  guests ; 
but  the  liquor  itself  could  not  be  exhausted  from  the 
vessel,  except  a  handbreath,  though  the  Northanhimbri 
made  merry,  and  at  night  went  home  jolly !  "  Leaving 
the  miraculous  part  of  the  story  out  of  the  question,  it 
appears  (says  Dr.  Milner)  that  this  was  a  true  Wassail- 
ing bout,  and  that  metheglin  was  the  beverage  made  use 
of  on  the  occasion  (Archaologia,  xi.  421.)  The  metheglin, 
or  mead,  is  a  fermented  liquor,  of  some  potency,  made 
from  honey.  Hence  from  a  metheglin  jollification  of 
thirty  days  after  a  wedding  comes  the  expression  so 
familiar  to  the  friends  of  a  newly-married  couple — the 
Honeymoon. 

In  later  times,  however,  the  composition  of  the  Wassail 
Bowl  was  ale,  nutmeg,  sugar,  toast,  and  roasted  crabs  or 
apples,  which  has  also  received  the  more  comfortable 
name  of  Lamb's  Wool.  The  contents  of  the  bowl  are 
specified  in  the  first  verse  of  "  The  Wassaillers'  Song," 
still  sung  on  New  Year's  Eve  in  Gloucestershire :  — 

"  Wassail !  Wassail !  all  over  the  town ; 
Our  toast  is  white,  our  ale  is  brown ; 
Our  bowl  is  made  of  maplin  tree, 
We  be  good  fellows  all — I  drink  to  thee." 

In  that  pleasant  brochure,  Cups  and  their  Customs,  p.  36, 
occurs  the  following  receipt  for  the  Wassail  Bowl: — "Put 
into  a  quart  of  warm  beer  one  pound  of  raw  sugar,  on  which 
grate  a  nutmeg  and  some  ginger ;  then  add  four  glasses 
of  sherry  and  two  quarts  more  of  beer,  with  three  slices  of 
lemon;  add  some  sugar,  if  required,  and  serve  it  with 
three  slices  of  toasted  bread  floating  in  it."] 

LAUKENCB  BRADDON.  —  I  have  a  curious  tract 
entitled  — 

"  Particular  Answers  to  the  most  Material  Objections 
Made  to  the  Proposal  Humbly  presented  to  His  Majesty, 
for  Relieving,  Reforming,  and  Employing  all  the  Poor  of 
Great  Britain.  1722." 

It  bears  no  name  upon  the  title,  but  the  dedi- 
cation to  the  king  is  subscribed  "  Laurence  Brad- 
don."  The  nature  of  the  proposal  made  to  the 
king  may  be  gathered  from  this  work,  but  the 
proposal  itself  is  not  given,  nor  have  I  been  able 
to  procure  a  copy. 

A  reference  is  made  in  Bohn's  edition  of  Lowndes 
to  Lawrence  Braddon,  who,  besides  other  works, 
is  represented  to  be  the  author  of — 
^  "  The  Tryal  of  Laurence  Braddon  and  Hugh  Speke, 
Gent.,  upon  an  Information  of  High  Misdemeanour, 
Subornation,  and  spreading  false  Reports.  1684,  folio." 

This  would  lead  me  to  infer  that  the  author 
of  the  tract  is  not  the  person  referred  to  in 
Lowndes  as  the  author  of  several  works,  and  the 
spelling  of  the  Christian  name  is  different.  Can 
any  of  your  readers  give  me  information  on  this 
head,  and  also  say  where  I  can  obtain  further  par- 
ticulars as  to  the  Laurence  Braddon  who  is  the 
author  of  the  tract  in  my  possession  ?  T.  B. 

[The  author  of  the  tract  on  "Employing  all  the  Poor  " 
is  the  same  individual  whose  works  are  noticed  by 
Lowndes.  Mr.  Laurence  Braddon,  a  barrister,  was  en- 
gaged in  industriously  collecting  evidence  to  prove  that 
Arthur  Capel,  Earl  of  Essex,  had  been  murdered  in  the 
Tower  of  London  on  July  13,  1683.  The  tragical  end  of 
the  Earl  is  an  occurrence  -which  has  never  been  satisfac- 
torily cleared  up,  and  is  one  of  those  mysterious  events 


which  has  divided  the  opinions  of  historians.  The  evi- 
dence produced  by  Braddon  will  be  found  in  the  following 
pamphlet,  "  The  Trial  of  Laurence  Braddon  and  Hugh 
Speke  at  the  King's  Bench  on  Feb.  7,  1684,  for  'a  Misde- 
meanor in  suborning  witnesses  to  prove  the  Earl  of  Essex 
was  murdered  by  his  Keepers."  This  pamphlet  is  reprinted 
in  Cobbett's  State  Trials,  ix.  1127-1228.  Braddon  -was 
fined  2000J.,  and  Speke  10007.  His  last  work,  although 
dated  1725,  appears  to  have  been  printed  just  before  his 
death,  which  took  place  on  Sunday,  Nov.  29,  1724.  It  is 
entitled,  "Bishop  Burnet's  Late  History  Charg'd  with 
great  Partiality  and  Misrepresentations,  to  make  the 
Present  and  Future  Ages  believe  that  Arthur  Earl  of 
Essex,  in  1683,  murdered  himself.  Lond.  8vo,  1725." 
This  is  also  reprinted  in  Cobbett's  State  Trials,  ix.  1229- 
1332.  Braddon  presented  a  cop}'  of  this  work  to  Sir  Hans 
Sloane  as  appears  from  a  laconic  epistle  preserved  in  the 
Addit.  MS.  4038,  p.  334 :  — 

"  To  Sir  Hans  Sloane.  I  desire  your  acceptance  of  the 
booke  herewith  presented  by  your  most  humble  and  most 
obedient  Servant, 

"  LAURENCE  BRADDOX 

[Month  torn  off]  the  25th,  1724." 

See  more  respecting  Braddon  and  his  controversies  in 
Ralph's  History  of  England,  i.  761-765;  North's  Examen, 
1740,  pp.  386-388 ;  and  Kippis's  Biog.  Britannica,  iii.  229, 

230.] 

REV.  JAMES  STRUTHEES.  —  About  the  close  of 
the  last  century  there  arose  a  class  of  distinguished 
preachers  in  Scotland  ;  the  first,  and  most  eminent 
for  eloquence,  and  whose  manners  and  appear- 
ance were  most  captivating,  was  the  Rev.  James 
Struthers.  He  was  admired  and  attended  by  all 
the  higher  classes  of  Edinburgh,  and  was  con- 
temporary with  Dugald  Stewart,  that  amiable 
man  and  philosopher,  John  Playfair,  &c.  &c.  He 
officiated  on  the  Sundays  in  what  was  on  all 
week  days  an  amphitheatre  of  horsemanship, 
situate  in  a  curious  and  rather  mean  locality  at 
the  back  of  the  "Black  Bull  Inn,"  formed  by  a 
nook  of  houses  at  the  head  of  Leith  Walk,  in 
Edinburgh,  and  which  was  no  thoroughfare  to  any 
part  of  the  city.  There  was  little  or  no  transmuta- 
tion of  the  interior  on  the  Sunday ;  and  I  have 
attended  the  performances  in  equitation  on  a 
Saturday  night,  and  ten  or  eleven  hours  afterwards, 
I  have  heard  the  most  impressive  addresses  and 
prayers  from  Mr.  Struthers  ;  having  been  almost 
squeezed  to  death  to  get  admission.  I  believe  Mr. 
Struthers  was  succeeded  by  Dr.  Thomas  Chalmers 
and  others,  whose  names  it  is  unnecessary  to  re- 
capitulate. I  beg  to  know  if  there  be  any  memoir 
extant  of  Mr.  Struthers  ?  2.  2. 

[The  following  notice  of  the  death  of  this  popular 
preacher  is  given  in  The  Scots  Magazine,  Ixix.  6GO  • 
"  Died  on  July  13,  1807,  the  Rev.  James  Struthers,  in  the 
thirty-seventh  year  of  his  age,  and  sixteenth  of  his 
ministry  in  the  Relief  Chapel,  College-street:  a  man 
whose  sound  judgment,  extensive  information,  liberal 
sentiments,  correct  taste,  impressive  eloquence,  elegant 
manners,  moral  worth,  and  unaffected  piety,  will  be  ever 
recollected  with  a  strong  mixture  of  pleasure  and  regret, 
by  an  uncommon  number  of  friends  and  admirers."  He 
has  also  a  passing  notice  in  Henry  Lord  Cockburn's  Me- 
morials of  his  Time,  8vo,  1856,  p.  239 :  "  Of  our  native 


3'd  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


501 


presbyterian  seceders,  Struthers  was  the  only  one  in 
Edinburgh  who  was  entitled  to  the  praise  of  eloquence. 
I  know  no  other  person  of  the  class  who  attracted  people 
of  good  taste,  not  of  his  community,  to  his  church,  merely 
for  the  pleasure  of  hearing  him  preach.  His  last  chapel 
was  in  College  Street,  but  before  it  was  built  he  preached 
in  the  Circus,  a  place  of  theatrical  exhibition  at  the  head 
of  Leith  Walk.  It  was  strange  to  see  the  pit,  boxes,  and 
galleries,  filled  with  devout  worshippers,  and  to  detect 
the  edges  of  the  scenes  and  other  vestiges  of  the  Satur- 
day night,  while  a  pulpit  was  brought  forward  to  the 
front  of  the  stage  on  which  there  stood  a  tall,  pale,  well- 
dressed  man,  earnestly  but  gently  alluring  the  audience  to 
religion  by  elegant  declamation.  However,  as  my  coun- 
trymen have  no  superstition  about  the  stone  and  lime  of 
the  temple,  it  did  very  well.  Struthers  was  not  of  any 
superior  talent  or  learning,  but  as  a  pleasing  and  elegant 
preacher  he  was  far  above  any  presbyterian  dissenter 
then  in  Edinburgh."]  • 

SAMUEL  SMITH.  — 

"  David's  Repentance,  or  a  plaine  and  familiar  Exposi- 
tion of  the  51st  Psalme,  by  Samuel  Smith,  late  Preacher 
of  the  Word  of  God  at  Prittlewel,  in  Essex,  author  of  The 
Great  Assize." 

The  copy  of  this  work  which  I  have  in  my  pos- 
session is  the  30th  edition,  published  1722.  The 
author  displays  great  piety  and  good  sense,  and 
to  my  mind,  the  book  is  well  adapted  for  readers 
of  the  present  age.  I  should  like  to  be  informed 
in  what  year  the  first  edition  appeared,  and  whe- 
ther a  reprint  of  the  work  has  been  made  of  late 
years  ?  Some  account  of  the  author  will  oblige. 

C.  iv. 

[Samuel  Smith,  the  son  of  a  minister,  was  born  at  or 
near  Dudley,  co.  Worcester,  in  1588 ;  studied  at  St.  Mary 
Hall,  Oxford ;  became  Vicar  of  Prittlewell,  Essex,  and 
afterwards  Perpetual  Curate  of  Cressedge  and  Cound, 
Shropshire,  whence  he  was  ejected  for  nonconformity  in 
1662.  Wood  says  he  "  was  living  an  aged  man  near 
Dudley  in  1663."  He  appears  to  have  been  one  of  the 
most  popular  writers  in  divinity  in  his  day,  as  the  forty- 
seventh  edition  of  his  Great  'Assize  was  published  in 
1757,  and  David's  Repentance,  first  published  we  believe 
in  1618,  is  said  by  Calamy  to  have  been  printed  forty 
times.  Of  the  latter  work  there  was  a  trick  of  trade 
played  off  upon  the  public  about  the  year  1765  by  a  book- 
seller at  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  who  published  another 
work  with  the  same  title  and  name  as  the  thirty-first  edi- 
tion. Vide  Wood's  Athence  by  Bliss,  iii.  656,  and  Calamy's 
Nonconformists'  Memorial,  edit.  1803,  iii.  144.] 

FORREST  :  WINDHAM.  —  Commodore  Arthur 
Forrest  died  in  command  of  the  fleet  off  Jamaica 
some  time  in  the  latter  part  of  the  last  century. 
Can  the  date  of  his  birth,  marriage,  and  death  be 
given  ? 

Can  it  be  ascertained  when  the  Right  Hon. 
William  Windham,  Secretary  of  State,  was  born, 
when  he  married,  and  when  he  died  ?  A.  R.  F. 

[Commodore  Arthur  Forrest  died  May  26, 1770,  whilst 
commander  in  chief  at  Jamaica.  The  following  lines 
on  his  death  appeared  in  The  Scots  Magazine,  xxxii. 
388 :  — 

"  Is  Forrest  dead  ?     Death,  thou  hast  fell'd  an  oak 
By  a  most  cruel  and  untimely  stroke ; 
But  ere  thou  kill'st  another  brave  as  he, 
Old  Time  shall  make  a  heavy  blow  at  thee." 


His  birth  and  marriage  are  not  given  in  the  account  of 
his  life  in  Charnock's  Biographia  Navalis,  v.  380-383. 

The  Rt.  Hon.  William  Windham  was  bora  at  Fell- 
brigge-hall,  Norfolk,  on  the  3rd  of  May  (old  style), 
1750.  He  married  Cecilia,  the  third  daughter  of  Commo- 
dore Arthur  Forrest  on  July  10,  1798.  Mr.  Windham 
died  on  June  4,  1810,  and  was  buried  in  the  family  vault 
at  Fellbrigge.  Prefixed  to  his  Speeches  in  Parliament,  S 
vols.  8vo,  1812,  is  some  Account  of  his  Life  by  Thomas 
Amyot,  Esq.  The  biography  of  him  in  the  Gent.  Mag. 
vol.  Ixxx.  pt.  i.  p.  588,  was  written  by  Edmund  Malone,. 
Esq.] 

PRIVATE  SOLDIER. — Can  any  of  your  numerous 
readers  throw  light  upon  the  origin  of  the  word 
" private "  when  applied  to  the  phrase  "private 
soldier  ?  "  Is  it  from  his  having  been  the  private 
property  of  him  who  raised  the  regiment  to  which 
he  belonged  (and  who  were  then  termed  re- 
tainers), in  contradistinction  from  the  soldier  who- 
was  found  by  the  state  who  would  then  be  termed 
"public?"  K.N. 

Will  you  be  kind  enough  to  inform  me  what  is 
the  meaning  of  the  word  "  private  "  as  applied  to- 
a  soldier  ?  G.  W.  BARRINGTON. 

Travellers'  Club. 

[Two  simultaneous  queries  respecting  the  word  "pri- 
vate "  as  applied  to  a  soldier,  one  referring  to  the  origin. 
of  the  word  as  so  applied,  the  other  to  its  meaning,  lead  to. 
the  supposition  that  the  question  is  raised  in  connection 
with  some  matter  now  in  discussion ;  and  before  ventur- 
ing to  give  an  answer  that  might  be  brought  to  bear  on- 
such  discussion,  one  would  wish  to  know  exactly  the 
point  at  issue.  We  limit  ourselves  therefore  to  a  general 
reply. 

With  regard  to  the  meaning  of  the  word  as  applied  to  a 
soldier,  we  presume  we  are  correct  in  saying,  that  by  a 
"  private  "  is  generally  understood  a  "  common  soldier ;  " 
as  distinguished  from  an  officer  commissioned  or  non- 
commissioned. "Was  he  captain  in  that  regiment?" 
"No,  a  private."  "Is  he  a  corporal?"  "No,  a  pri- 
vate." 

As  to  "  the  origin  of  the  word  'private'  when  applied 
to  the  phrase  '  private  soldier,"  "  we  would  suggest  that  it 
must  be  traced  to  the  much  earlier  use  of  the  same  word 
as  applied  to  civilians,  "  a  private  man  or  citizen,"  one. 
not  invested  with  public  office  or  employment.  So  Black- 
stone  :  "  A  private  person  may  arrest  a  felon." 

The  epithet  being  thus  applicable  in  common  parlanco 
to  any  civilian  not  holding  office,  has  by  a  slight  exten- 
sion of  meaning,  been  used  to  signify  soldiers  not  posses- 
sing rank.'] 

SIR  HENRY  CAVERLEY.  — MS.  Addit.  10,410  is 
described  as  Sir  Henry  Caverley's  Remarks  in  Tiis 
Travels  begun  Feb.  17,  1683,  fol.  imperf.  Who 
was  Sir.  Henry  Caverley  ?  S.  Y.  R. 

[This  imperfect  MS.  volume,  formerly  in  Heber's  col- 
lection, is  by  Sir  Henry  Calverley  (frequently  spelt  Ca- 
verley), whose  Common  Place-Book  of  1657-8  is  now  in 
the  library  of  Sir  Walter  Calverley  Trevelyan  of  Walling- 
ton,  Newcastle-upon-Tyne.  Vide  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  viii. 
198.1 


502 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3*d  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63. 


SIR  FRANCIS  DRAKE. 
(3ri  S.  iii.  506  ;  iv.  189,  241,  271,  330.) 

Pending  the  solution  of  the  difficulty  created 
by  the  fact,  that  Lady  Mary  Drake's  burial  is 
recorded  alike  at  Plymouth  and  St.  Budeaux,  the 
following  particulars  may  be  of  some  service. 
They  are  the  result  of  an  examination  which  I 
have  made  at  both  places,  in  consequence  of  the 
Note  contributed  by  G.  P. 

The  volume,  containing  the  two  entries  which 
formed  the  subject  of  my  first  notice,  is,  I  find,  a 
copy  of  the  original  register  which  was  rewritten, 
in  1610,  by  "  Laurence  Kinge,  Minister  of  St. 
Budiox  ;"as  set  forth  on  the  first  page  at  the  end  of 
a  prefatory  paragraph,  in  which  is  stated  the  rea- 
son for  making  the  copy,  namely,  that  the  eccle- 
siastical laws  require  parish  registers  to  be  kept 
on  parchment.  The  task  had  fallen  into  con- 
genial hands.  Method,  order,  and  accuracy,  are 
apparent  on  every  page ;  and  the  work  has  evi- 
dently been  a  labour  of  love  to  the  writer,  who 
performed  the  duty  which  had  devolved  upon  him 
in  the  best  manner.  I  mention  these  details,  be- 
cause by  them  is  measured  the  degree  of  reliance 
to  be  placed  on  what  is,  after  all,  only  a  copy; 
and  so  far,  therefore,  inferior  in  authority  to  the 
actual  original.  The  register  so  produced,  apart 
from  its  worth  as  a  public  document,  is  valuable  as 
a  manuscript :  the  folios  fair  and  crisp,  and  the 
character  a  beautiful  specimen  of  the  writing  of 
that  period. 

The  entry,  which  stands  at  the  head  of  the  first 
part  under  "  Baptisms,"  is  dated  January  7,  1538. 
It  may  be  worth  while,  though  at  the  risk  of 
repetition,  to  give  literally  and  exactly  as  they 
are  written  the  entries  connected  with  Drake. 

Marriages :  — 

"  1569,  Julye  iiijth.  ffrancis  Drake  and  Marye  New- 
man." 

On  the  margin  is  a  reference  to  "  Burials,  1582." 
Turning  to  that  part,  we  find :  — 

"  1582,  Januarie  xxvth.  Marye  Drake,  wyfe  of  Sr 
ffrancis  D.,  Knight." 

On  the  margin  is  a  cross  reference  to  "  Mar- 
riages, 1569." 

I  have  already  said  (ante  p.  241)  that  the  year 
1582  is  1582-3.  As  MR.  PKIDEAUX  had  made 
(p.  272)  some  remarks  on  the  burial  of  Sir  F. 
Drake's  wife  having  occurred  during  his  mayor- 
alty, I  took  particular  notice  of  the  date.  On 
this  there  can  be  no  lingering  doubt,  as  the  im- 
mediately succeeding  entry  is  "  Julye,  1583." 

I  felt  that  I  could  scarcely  avail  myself  of  the 
gratuitous  inspection  allowed  me  by  the  vicar* 


*  Not  rector,  as  I  before  called  him. 


(whose  kind  courtesy  I  again  thankfully  acknow- 
ledge), to  the  extent  of  making  a  thorough  search 
for  the  baptism  of  Mary  Newman,  which  may 
possibly  be  in  the  register ;  although  I  was  not 
fortunate  enough  to  make  the  discovery.  In 
turning  over  the  pages  with  this  view,  the  follow- 
ing note  caught  my  eye  under  an  entry,  August 
15,  1549:  — 

"  The  same  daye  were  the  Rebells  driven  out  of  Ply- 
mouthe,  and  Ixxx  of  them  taken  prisoners." 

And  here  I  venture  to  interpolate  the  expres- 
sion of  a  regret  that  the  clergy  —  at  least,  those 
in  charge  of  rural  parishes — do  not  more  fre- 
quently constitute  themselves  local  chroniclers : 
an  office  which,  from  their  position,  knowledge  of 
daily  events,  and  in-door  pursuits,  they  have  the 
power  of  filling  with  considerable  usefulness. 
Albeit,  I  should  hesitate  to  recommend  the  parish 
books  for  the  reception  of  notes,  as  happened  at 
St.  Budeaux  during  the  incumbency  of  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Alcock  —  a  man  of  ability,  but  of  eccen- 
tric habits,  that  are  even  now  remembered.  He 
held  the  living  for  a  period  exceeding  sixty-five 
years,*  from  the  year  1732  to  1798;  and  filled 
whole  pages  of  the  register  with  local  memoranda. 
Some  information  which  he  thus  conveyed  re- 
specting the  original  foundation  of,  and  benefac- 
tions to,  the  charity  schools  in  this  parish,  is  to  be 
had,  I  am  told,  from  no  other  source.  To  him  I 
am  disposed  to  attribute  the  two  marginal  refer- 
ences above-mentioned. 

The  register  of  St.  Andrew's,  Plymouth,  has 
every  sign  of  being  original — the  pages  disco- 
loured, the  leathern  covers  much  worn,  and  metal 
clasps  broken.  The  entries,  here  also  written 
excellently  well,  occur  in  symmetrical  arrange- 
ment :  each  page  divided  by  double  lines  into 
three  columns,  and  each  column  has  its  appro- 
priate heading.  The  item,  copied  by  G.  P.,  stands 
exactly  thus :  — 


Burialls  January  1582 


25.  The  Lady  Marie    the    wiffe 
of  Sr  Frauncis  Drake  knight. 


It  will  have  been  noticed  that,  at  St.  Budeaux, 
no  burial  entry  occurs  again  until  the  month  of 
July  ;  whereas,  at  Plymouth,  more  follow  in  Jan- 
uary, and  several  under  every  successive  month. 
However  unaccountable  the  record  at  Plymouth 
may  be,  except  as  that  of  an  actual  interment 
there,  it  seems  even  more  difficult  to  understand 
for  what  earthly  reason  the  minister  of  St.  Bu- 
deaux (served,  as  it  would  appear,  from  St. 
Andrew's,)  should  have  selected  this  particular 


*  This  clergyman  furnishes  an  instance  to  be  added  to 
that  mentioned  in  "N.  &  Q.,"  under  "Longevity  of  In- 
cumbents," 3rd  S.  iv.  370. 


8«>  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


503 


death  for  notice,  if  the  deceased  lady  was  really 
buried  elsewhere.  With  reference  to  G.  P.'s  final 
question,  I  can  only  say  that  the  vicar  knows  of 
no  tomb  or  grave  that  can  be  associated  with 
Dame  Mary  Drake  at  St.  Budeaux ;  and  I  can  hear 
of  none  in  St.  Andrew's  Church. 

JOHN  A.  C.  VINCENT. 


POTHEEN. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  188,  278,  399.) 

In  the  epigram  of  the  Emperor  Julian,  he  pro- 
poses to  alter  the  cognomen  of  Bacchus,  Bpojit^s, 
to  Bpo,ubs,  oats — and  to  encircle  the  brow  of  the 
jolly  god  with  corn  instead  of  the  vine. 

The  cereal  liquors  of  ancient  times  seem  to 
have  been  of  two  descriptions :  one  of  a  partial 
fermentation,  in  which  some  vegetable  bitter  was 
infused,  and  the  other  similar  to  the  modern 
alcoholic  spirit.  See  ^Eschylus,  as  quoted;  Ari- 
stotle, De  Ebrietate ;  Herodotus,  lib.  ii.  sect.  77  ; 
Diodorus  Siculus,  lib.  iv.  c.  1 ;  Pliny,  lib.  xiv.  c. 
22.  The  bitter  ingredient  used  by  the  Egyp- 
tians was  the  lentil:  "madida  sociata  lupino" 
(Columella,  x.  116).  The  two  cereal  liquors,  in 
the  manufacture  of  which  Osiris  was  stated  to 
have  instructed  the  Egyptians,  were  termed  zy- 
thum  and  curmi.  The  zythum  or  zitum,  "quern 
nos  cerevisiam  vocamus,"  as  Diodorus  writes, 
was  made  "  ex  hordeo  et  herbis."  Again,  leav- 
ing southern  climes  for  the  colder  north,  Sui- 
das  alludes  to  the  stronger  tipple,  wine  made 
from  barley ;  and  Caesar  declares  (De  Bell. 
Gall.)  that  the  Britons  preferred  cereal  to  grape 
wine.  So  also  Tacitus,  respecting  the  Allophyl- 
lian  tribes  ;  and  Priscus  mentions  an  intoxicating 
drink,  used  by  the  ancient  Hungarians,  termed 
camus ;  likewise  Dioscorides,  in  the  first  century 
of  our  era,  terms  the  liquor  made  from  grain 
curmi — a  word  identical  with  the  Egyptian  term, 
and  found  also  in  the  Welsh  language.  Paulus 
Orosius,  and  after  him  Isidorus,  derive  celia  from 
calefacio,  in  allusion  to  the  heat  evolved  by  fer- 
mentation. This  Ion  Isaac  Pontanus,  in  a  subse- 
quent age,  flatly  denies,  claiming  for  his  national 
beverage  an  origin  anterior  to  the  foundation  of 
Rome :  that  "  gratissimus  potus,"  termed  oel,  or 
vl,  and  by  the  Angli,  del  (Duma  Descriptio). 

The  fipvr'bv  of  the  Pasonians,  alluded  to  by 
your  correspondent  (from  y3pua>,  to  bubble  up,) 
was  certainly  a  cereal  liquor,  and  probably  similar 
to  the  beoip  of  the  Danes  (3rd  S.  iv.  229,  310, 
382).  The  Celtic  bion,  a  spring,  has  the  same 
pronunciation  ;  and  the  philologist  may  trace  the 
identical  word  in  the  Hebrew  and  Arabic,  as  in- 
dicating a  spring.  The  terra  is  perhaps  an  imita- 
tive labial  from  the  bubbling  sound,  and  thus 
came  to  be  applied  to  liquor  presenting  the  same 
phenomenon  in  fermentation. 


But  be  this  as  it  may,  that  sluggish  tipple,  of 
which  Henricus  Abrincensis  oddly  enough  writes, 

"  Nil  spissius  ilia, 

Dum  bibitur ;  nil  clarius  est,  dum  mingitur : 
Unde  constat,  quod  multas  faeces  in  ventre  relinquit," 

is  certainly  not  the  same  drink  that  inflamed  with 
a  maddened  patriotism  the  drooping  souls  of  the 
Numantians  in  the  memorable  siege,  B.C.  133 
(Paulus  Orosius,  H.  c.  7),  or  filled  the  fierce 
followers  of  Odin  with  frantic  joy,  in  anticipation 
of  immortal  symposia  — 

"  Where,  from  the  flowing  bowl, 
Deep  drinks  the  warrior's  soul." 

Again,  Ion  Isaac  Pontanus  (Danicc  Descriptio) 
writes  of  the  Danes  :  — 

"  Destinata  morte  in  prselium  ruerent,  quum  se  prius 
epulis,  quasi  inferiis,  implevissent  carnis  semicrudae  et 
celifB." 

In  the  Chronicle  of  the  Monastery  of  Abingdon, 
published  by  direction  of  the  English  Master 
of  the  Rolls,  curious  notices  are  found  of  the 
"rabies  debacchantium "  and  "  bovina  ferocitas  " 
of  these  heathen  buccaneers,  when  under  the 
malignant  inspiration  of  the  celia.  J.  L. 

Dublin. 

This  word  is  pronounced  poth-thdeen,  very  soft. 
Whilst  on  this  subject,  may  I  ask  if  it  were  known 
to  the  ancient  Hebrew  people  ?  My  reason  for  the 
query  is  the  reference  to  strong  drink,  which  Sarah 
was  forbidden  to  drink.  This  could  not  be  wine, 
for  "other  strong  drink"  is  expressly  mentioned. 

S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 

ROBERT  DEVERELL. 
(P*  S.  i.  469;  ii.  61;  ix.577;  x.  236;  2nd  S.  v.  466.) 

This  very  eccentric  author,  originally  Robert 
Pedley,  was  the  son  of  Simon  Pedley  of  Bristol, 
and  was  born  in  that  city.  After  being  educated 
in  the  school  there  under  Mr.  Lee,  he  was  ad- 
mitted a  pensioner  of  St.  John's  College,  Cam- 
bridge, June  27,  1777,  <zt.  17,  his  father  then 
being  dead.  He  proceeded  B.A.  1781,  and  was 
seventh  wrangler  and  second  chancellor's  me- 
dallist. 

In  the  following  year  he  obtained  the  member's 
prize  for  a  Latin  essay,  the  subject  being  "  Utrum 
ad  emendandos  magis,  an  corrumpendos,  civium 
mores  conferat  Musica  ?  " 

On  March  30,  1784,  he  was  admitted  a  Fellow 
of  St.  John's,  on  the  Lady  Margaret's  foundation, 
as  a  native  of  Gloucestershire,  and  in  the  same 
year  commenced  M.A. 

He  subsequently  changed  his  name  to  Deverell, 
and  vas  in  1802  elected  M.P.  for  Saltash,  being 
it  seems  a  Whig,  but  an  advocate  for  the  slave 
trade.  He  died  at  New  Norfolk  Street,  London, 
November  29,  1841,  aged  82. 


504 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '65. 


Sir  Robert  Heron  (who  was  admitted  a  fellow 
commoner  of  St.  John's  in  1783)  says:  — 

"  Sir  Richard  Heron  consulted  the  present  Lord  Har- 
rowby,  who  had  just  left  Cambridge,  for  a  tutor  for  me. 
He  could  not  entirely  recommend  any,  but,  on  the  whole 
preferred  Mr.  Pedley",  afterwards  Deverel.  He  had  some 
learning  and  much  ignorance,  but  being  a  little  mad,  his 
strange  ideas  taught  me  to  think  for  myself.  We  spent 
two  summers  together  in  France,  Germany,  and  Holland." 
Notes  by  Sir  Hob.  Heron,  Bart.",  3rd.  edit.  291. 

Under  the  erroneous  date  of  1842,  Sir  Robert 
thus  records  his  tutor's  death  :  — 

"  This  year  died  my  old  tutor,  Robert  Deverel,  for- 
merty  Pedley.  He  wrote  works  which  decidedly  proved 
insanity,  and  his  conduct  was  also,  sometimes,  such  as 
to  admit  of  no  other  excuse;  yet,  he  was  the  best  tutor 
I  could  have  had ;  for,  with  a  private  education,  without 
companions  of  any  ability,  I  was  in  need  of  his  strange 
and  active  imagination  to  excite  my  reasoning  faculties." 

Notes,  263,  264. 

Sir  Robert  also  states  that  Deverell  was  in  some 
degree  connected  with  the  Beckfords,  his  brother 
having  had  the  management  of  their  estates  in 
Jamaica,  and  having  recently  died,  leaving  behind 
him  an  estate  of  at  least  10,000/.  per  annum,  in- 
herited by  a  niece. 

This  brother  we  take  to  have  been  James  Pedley, 
who  was  elected  M.P.  for  Hindon,  1802. 

With  regard  to  the  alleged  suppression  of  De- 
verell's  Discoveries  in  Hieroglyphics,  we  have 
doubts,  for  the  library  of  this  University  contains 
a  copy  marked  "  second  Edition,"  and  having  the 
date  1816.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPEU. 

Cambridge. 


DANCING  IN  SLIPPERS  (3rd  S.  iv.  351,  437.)— 
Surely  there  can  be  no  difficulty  in  understanding 
what  is  meant  by  the  phrase  "  dancing  in  slippers." 
If  so,  since  when  did  the  word  "  slipper  "  disap- 
pear from  the  English  language,  as  meaning  a 
shoe  worn  by  ladies  for  dancing  ?  Witness  "  Cin- 
derella and  the  glass  slipper"  Have  we  left  off 
speaking  of  a  "  satin  slipper  "  since  white  boots 
came  into  fashion?  JOHN  A.  C.  VINCENT. 

BOWDEN  OF  FROME  (3rd  S.  iv.  431.)  — There 
was  a  Dr.  Samuel  Bowden,  who  contributed  poeti- 
cal pieces  to  some  of  the  early  volumes  of  the 
Gentleman's  Magazine,  among  which  are  — 

"  To  the  Rt.  Hon.  Lord  Viscount  Weymouth,  on  his  late 
Marriage  with  Miss  Carteret.  By  Dr.  Bowden,  Author 
of  the  Poetical  Essays  lately  publish'd,"  Aug.  1733,  pp. 
431. 

"The  Prayer  of  Cleanthes;  translated  from  the  Greek 
by  Dr.  Bowden,"  Oct.  1735,  pp.  609. 

"  Te  Deum :  from  the  Latin  of  Dr.  Alsop,"  Feb.  173G, 
pp.  106. 

"To  Mr.  Samuel  Hill  on  board  the  Salisbury  Man-of- 
War,  in  Pursuit  of  the  Algerines  in  the  Year  1734," 
March,  1736,  pp.  130. 

This  last  is  prefaced  by  the  following  introduc- 
tion by  the  editor  :  — 


"  We  believe  we  need  make  no  apology  for  inserting- 
the  following  Letter  and  Verses  from  a  Genius  which  has 
lately  favour'd  the  Publick  with  some  curious  Essays  of 
the  Poetick  Kind,  that  have  been  very  acceptable  to 
many  of  our  Readers." 

Owing  to  some  inaccuracy  in  the  index  to  the. 
Gentleman's  Magazine  under  the  head  of  "  Bow- 
den," I  am  unable  to  ascertain  whether  any  ac- 
count of  Dr.  Samuel  Bowden  appears  in  that 
publication.  'AAievs. 

Dublin. 

There  was  published  by  R.  Janeway,  in  1704,  an 
8vo,  entitled.'1  Divine  Hymns  and  Poems  on  several 
Occasions,  Sfc.  By  Philomela  and  several  other 
ingenious  persons;"  with  a  dedication  to  Sir  R, 
Blackmore,  and  Preface.  This  last  extends  to 
ten  pages,  in  which  the  author  supplements  the 
attacks  of  Jeremy  Collier  upon  the  profane  poets 
of  the  day ;  and.  although  without  signature 
or  initials,  is  by  J.  Bowden,  upon  the  authority  of 
that  name  in  a  contemporary  hand  being  found  sub- 
scribed to  it  in  a  copy  of  the  book  shown  to  me  by 
a  friend.*  The  lines  quoted  by  your  correspon- 
dent would  seem  to  fit  the  Mr.  Bowden  of  this 
Miscellany,  whose  acknowledged  poetical  contri- 
butions are  a "  Hymn  to  the  Redeemer  of  the 
World,"  and  a  "  Dialogue  between  a  good  Spirit 
and  the  Angels ; "  the  first  extending  to  thirty- 
four  stanzas,  and  the  last  occupying  eleven  page&, 
both  often  reprinted. 

The  Philomela  of  the  title  is  of  course  Miss 
Singer,  afterwards  Mrs.  Rowe,  whom  the  book- 
seller may  have  considered  the  most  attractive  of 
his  "  ingenious  persons  "  for  that  position,  being  a 
lady  then  in  high  repute,  and  characterised  by 
Dunton  as  the  Pindarick  Lady,  and  the  She- Wit 
of  his  Athenian  Society.  A.  G. 

The  Rev.  John  Bowden,  respecting  whom  your 
correspondent  J.  S.  inquires,  was  pastor  of  a 
Presbyterian  (now  Independent)  congregation  at 
Frome  from,  I  think,  the  year  1707  until  his 
death,  which  took  place  in  1748.  For  the  last 
seven  years  he  had  various  assistants,  I  presume 
on  account  of  age  and  declining  health.  Two 
compositions  of  his  are  now  before  me;  one,  An 
Exhortation  to  the  Rev.  Thomas  Morgan  at  the 
close  of  his  Ordination  to  the  Ministerial  Office, 
delivered  at  Frome,  Sept.  16,  1716.  The  other,  A 
Funeral  Sermon  on  the  Death  of  George  /.,  preached 
June  18,  1727,  and  dedicated  to  Dr.  Benjamin 
Avery.  The  Rev.  Thomas  Morgan  just  named 
subsequently  adopted  deistical  sentiments,  and 
gave  to  the  world  his  Moral  Philosophy. 

If  J.  S.  or  any  of  your  correspondents  can  tell 

*  Referring  again  to  the  book  cited,  I  find  I  have  not 
a  full  warranty  for  this;  the  Editor's  initials  only,  J.  B,, 
being  there  written.  This  Collection  of  1704,  which  went 
through  several  editions,  is  not  to  be  confounded  with 
Mrs.  Rowe's  independent  Poems  by  Philomela,  printed  by 
Dunton  in  1696. 


3'd  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


505 


me  whether  the  author  of  the  book  named  below 
was  a  relative  of  the  Rev.  John  Bowden  or  not,  1 
shall  be  obliged  :  — 

"Poems  on  Various  Subjects,  with  some  Essays  in 
Prose,  Letters  to  Correspondents,  &c. ;  and  a  Treatise  on 
Health.  By  Samuel  Bowden,  M.D.,  of  Frome,  Somerset- 
shire." Printed  at  Bath,  1754,  8vo. 

X.  A.  X. 

LADY  RERES  (3rd  S.  iv.  395.)— There  is  an  al- 
lusion to  this  lady  in  Douglas's  Peerage  of  Scot- 
land, vol.  i.  p.  142,  ed.  1813.  Speaking  of  the 
consort  of  the  fourth  Earl  of  Athol,  who  was  a 
daughter  of  Lord  Fleming,  it  is  added, — 

"  An  opinion  was  generally  prevalent  that  this  Countes? 
of  Athol  possessed  the  powers  of  incantation,  and  it  is 
said  that  when  Queen  Mary  lay  in  of  James  VI.  she  cast 
all  the  pains  of  childbirth  on  Lady  Reres." 

Certainly  a  most  convenient  plan !  H.  S. 

THYNNE'S  WILL  (3rd  S.  iv.  365,  439.)  —  F.  C. 
H.  may  be  assured  that  I  had  no  polemical  animus 
in  referring  to  Thynne's  Protestantism,  as  evi- 
denced, according  to  my  judgment,  by  his  will. 
I  referred  to  it  in  a  purely  dispassionate  spirit,  as 
an  historical  (or  biographical)  fact,  or  at  least  as 
a  fair  presumption  from  the  evidence.  I  am  not 
convinced  to  the  contrary  by  F.  C.  H.'s  remarks.  I 
am  quite  willing  to  believe  that  on  all  those  impor- 
tant doctrines  referred  to,  religious  men  in  all  com- 
munions think  very  much  alike  in  the  main,  and 
therefore  that  William  Thynne's  will  and  epitaph 
might  suit  a  good  Catholic  as  well  as  a  good  Pro- 
testant. But  the  absence  of  reference  to  the 
Virgin  and  Saints,  the  prominence  given  to  the 
doctrine  of  justification  by  faith,  as  well  as  the 
omission  of  all  mention  of  an  obit,  taken  toge- 
ther with  what  Francis  Thynne  records  of  his 
father  in  the  Animadversions  upon  Speghfs  Chau- 
cer, are  to  me  very  fair  proofs  that  Thynne's  mind 
was  affected  by  those  changes  in  religion  that 
were  inaugurated  by  Cranmer,  and  subsequently 
adopted  by  the  Church  of  England.  That  Thynne 
commenced  his  epitaph  in  the  ancient  form — 
even  if  not  as  a  mere  formula — is  no  evidence  in 
F.  C.  H.'s  favour,  because  praying  for  the  dead 
was  one  of  the  last  of  the  ancient  practices  which 
the  Reformers  succeeded  in  abolishing,  since  it 
was  without  doubt  one  of  the  last  which  most 
people  educated  in  the  old  religion,  and  seeking 
comfort  under  bereavement,  would  be  likely  to 
surrender. 

I  write  this  note  not  without  a  misgiving  that 
I  may  have  exceeded  your  rule  as  to  subjects  of 
controversy,  but  I  trust  that  I  have  sufficiently 
indicated  the  spirit  in  which  I  write  ;  and  I  can 
assure  F.  C.  H.  that  I  would  not  willingly  put  a 
word  to  paper  which  would  be  likely  to  give 
offence  to  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  much  less  to 
one  whose  contributions  have  so  much  interested 
and  instructed  me  as  his  have  done. 

JUXTA  TURRIM. 


HEDINGHAM  REGISTERS  (3rd  S.  iv.  430.) — A 
crisom,  or  more  properly  a  chrysom,  child,  has  been 
supposed  to  mean  one  who  died  unbaptized.  Our 
old  dictionaries  agree  in  stating  that  this  name 
was  given  in  the  bills  of  mortality  to  those  chil- 
dren who  died  within  a  month  from  their  birth  ; 
but  they  are  not  agreed  as  to  whether  it  applied 
to  those  who  had  been,  or  had  not  been  baptized. 
Bailey  says  that  infants  dying  before  Baptism 
were  called  chrysoms  ;  but  he  prefaces  this  with  a 
tale  of  an  ancient  custom  of  a  cloth  with  some 
unguent  being  worn  on  the  head  by  the  child  till  it 
was  deemed  strong  enough  to  endure  baptism ;  and 
so  derives  the  name  from  the  child's  dying  before 
that  cloth  had  been  left  off.  This,  however,  is 
without  any  foundation ;  and  must  be  a  mere 
blundering  about  the  Chrismale,  or  cloth  laid  on 
the  child's  head,  after  it  has  been  anointed  with 
holy  Chrism  in  Baptism,  which  has  always  been 
practised  in  the  Catholic  church.  In  Dyche's 
Dictionary,  we  find  that  "  such  children  as  die  in 
the  month  are  called  chrisoms ; "  but  he  gives  a 
more  valid  reason,  deriving  the  name  from  the 
cloth  laid  over  the  child's  head,  when  it  was  bap- 
tized, which  he  properly  calls  the  Chrismale. 
Johnson  gives  as  the  meaning  of  Chrisom,  "  a 
child  that  dies  within  a  month  after  its  birth," 
leaving  the  question  of  its  baptism  undecided, 
Now  it  seems  most  probable  that  the  name, 
being  evidently  derived  from  the  cloth  called 
Chrisom  or  Chrismale,  would  have  been  applied 
to  such  children  as  had  recently  worn  that  cloth, 
rather  than  to  such  as  died  without  having  re- 
ceived it ;  and  therefore  that  crisom  children  were 
those  who  died  shortly  after  their  baptism. 

L.  A.  M.  also  inquires,  What  is  a  "  pepperal  ?  " 
whose  baptism  is  found  is  the  same  Register  of 
Castle  Hedingham.  If  that  spelling  is  correct, 
the  term  is  unintelligible.  I  can  only  suggest 
that  it  may  have  been  intended  for  puerperal, 
meaning  a  child  whose  mother  died  in  childbirth ; 
or  it  may  be  perperil,  a  child  baptized  in  imme- 
diate danger  of  death.  These  are  mere  conjec- 
tures, but  the  only  ones  which  occur  to 

F.  C.  H. 

The  chrisom  was  a  white  vestment  put  upon  chil- 
dren at  the  time  of  their  baptism.  It  took  its  name 
from  the  chrism  with  which  the  child  was  then 
anointed.  Anciently,  the  newly  baptised  appeared 
in  church  robed  in  these  vestures  during  the 
solemn  time  for  holy  baptism  ;  and  when  they  laid 
them  by,  they  delivered  them  to  the  church  to  be 
hereafter  produced  against  them,  should  they 
sully  the  purity  of  their  baptismal  innocence  by 
the  commission  of  sin.  Hence,  the  Church  of 
England  ordered  that  women,  when  they  came  to 
be  churched,  should  offer  the  infant's  chrisom,  if 
the  child  were  still  alive.  If,  however,  the  child 
died  between  the  time  of  its  baptism  and  its 
mother's  being  churched,  it  was  wrapped  in  the 


506 


[3rd  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63. 


chrisom,  as  a  shroud.  And  from  this  the  term 
"chrisom  child"  was  applied  to  all  infants  that 
died  in  such  interval.  It  afterwards  came  to 
mean  children  who  died  before  they  were  bap- 
tised. W.  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 

I  presume  the  lines  quoted  by  L.  A.  M.  from 
the  Castle  Hedingham  Register  are  by  the  Rev. 
Charles  Darby,  a  poetical  writer,  to  whom  is 
ascribed  Bacchanalia ;  or,  a  Description  of  a 
Drunken  Club,  a  folio  sheet,  1680.  At  an  ad- 
vanced period,  when  there  was  much  rivalry 
among  the  religious  poets  to  produce  a  metrical 
version  of  the  Psalms  which  should  give  general 
satisfaction,  Mr.  Darby  tried  his  hand  at  this 
hopeless  task,  and  published,  in  12mo,  1704,  "  The 
Book  of  Psalms,  in  English  Metre.  The  newest 
Version,  fitted  to  the  Common  Tunes,"  which, 
with  the  exception  of  its  being  slightly  noticed  in 
Dr.  Watts's  Preface,  is  not  recorded  by  any  author 
or  bibliographer  who  has  treated  of  sacred  poetry, 
and  is,  consequently,  a  much  desiderated  volume 
to  collectors  in  that  department  of  literature. 
When  Mr.  Darby  published  his  Psalm-Book,  he 
was  "  Rector  of  Kedington,  Suffolk."  Does  he 
appear  to  have  held  a  clerical  appointment  at 
Castle  Hedingham  ?  The  dates  I  have  given  may 
enable  your  correspondent  to  satisfy  himself  as  to 
the  Peace  referred  to  in  the  lines.  A.  G. 

I  should  be  very  much  obliged  to  L.  A.  M.,  if 
he  could  give  me  a  verbatim  extract  of  that  entry  ; 
and  to  any  of  your  correspondents  who  could  give 
me  similar  ones,  as  from  their  scarceness  they 
become  interesting,  and  I  have  never  been  able 
to  find  an  entry  of  such  myself. 

ROBERT  MORBIS. 

Chester. 

JANE,  LADY  CHEYNE  (2nd  S.  x.  127.)— Can 
there  be  a  doubt  that  the  play  of  The  Concealed 
Fansyes  is  by  Jane  Lady  Cheyne,  eldest  daughter 
of  William  Cavendish,  Duke  of  Newcastle,  and 
wife  of  Charles  Cheyne,  Esq.  (in  1681  created 
Viscount  Newhaven)  ?  She  died  Oct.  8,  1669, 
set.  48,  and  was  buried  at  Chelsea  on  November  1 
following,  her  funeral  sermon  being  preached  by 
Adam  Littleton,  D.D.,  rector  of  that  parish.  (As 
to  her,  see  Wilford's  Memorials,  112;  Lysons's 
Environs,  ii.  76,  93,  106,  107,  127  ;  Life  of  the 
Duke  of  Newcastle,  by  his  Duchess,  90,  91,  157; 
and  Faulkner's  Chelsea  (ed.  1829)  i.  223-225, 
332-334;  ii.  132).  As  she  married  Mr.  Cheyne 
in  or  about  1654,  her  drama  was  probably  written 
before  that  period.  The  portrait  of  this  estimable 
and  accomplished  lady  has  been  twice  engraved 
(Granger's  Biog.  Hist,  of  England,  ed.  1824,  iii. 
309)  ;  she  therefore  ought  to  have  had  a  place  in 
the  Catalogues  of  British  Engraved  Portraits. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

EXECUTIONS  FOR  MURDER  (3rd  S.  iv.  438.) — I 
observe  in  your  journal  of  Nov.  28,  and  of  the 


two  preceding  weeks,  a  correspondence  on  the 
subject  of  the  number  of  executions  for  murder 
in  this  country  since  1839. 

As  your  correspondent  J.  P.  D.  appears  to  have 
found  it  difficult  to  obtain  the  required  statistics, 
I  may  inform  him  that  they  are  to  be  found  in 
the  Judicial  Statistics  published  annually  by  Han- 
sard &  Co.,  Great  Queen  Street,  Lincoln's  Inn. 

From  these  official  papers,  I  find  that  in  the 
ten  years  following  1839  (1840-1849  inclusive), 
the  executions  for  murder,  in  England  and  Wales 
were,  each  year,  respectively — 9,  9,  9,  13,  16,  12, 
6,  8,  12,  15. 

In  the  next  ten  years,  1850-1859  inclusive,  the 
respective  numbers  were — 6,  9,  9,  8,  5,  7,  16,  14, 
11,9. 

In  1860,  '61,  '62,  the  executions  for  murder 
were,  respectively  12,  14,  15.  In  1863  (down  to 
the  present  date,  December  1),  19  persons  have 
been  executed  for  murder  in  England  and  Wales ; 
a  larger  number  than  in  any  one  year  since  1835, 
when  21  persons  were  executed  for  that  crime. 

The  statistics  of  capital  punishment,  whether  in 
our  own  or  in  other  countries,  afford  interesting 
matter  for  reflection.  It  is  found  that  where  the 
extreme  penalty  for  various  crimes  has  been 
wholly  or  partially  abolished,  and  permanent  re- 
straint substituted,  the  result  has  been  a  greatly 
increased  public  security  from  the  evils  conse- 
quent on  such  crimes,  either  through  an  increase 
in  the  proportion  of  convictions  arising  from  com- 
mitments, or  from  a  positive  decrease  in  those 
commitments,  or  in  some  instances  from  both 
results  combined. 

WILLIAM  TALLACK. 

When  I  replied  to  J.  P.  D.  I  was  under  the  im- 
pression that  the  Returns  known  as  Redgrave's  Ta- 
bles were  still  published  among  the  parliamentary 
papers,  but  I  find  that  they  have  been  superseded 
by  the  Returns  under  the  above  head,  and  which 
are  presented  in  the  form  of  a  blue-book  of  some- 
what formidable  dimensions,  price  3s.  Qd.  I  have 
only  one  at  hand,  that  for  the  year  1861.  The 
contents  are  most  compendious,  embracing  — 
Part  I.  Police ;  Criminal  Proceedings ;  Prisons. 
Part  II.  Common  Law  ;  Equity  ;  Civil  and  Canon 
Law.  There  is  no  number  given  ;  but  they  will 
be  readily  found  under  the  title  of  Judicial  Sta- 
tistics, either  at  the  British  Museum  or  at  Han- 
sard's in  Great  Queen  Street,  The  former  mode 
of  presenting  the  Criminal  Returns  was  that  of 
printing  them  in  the  usual  form  of  Parliamentary 
papers,  but  my  copies  are  displaced,  and  I  cannot 
give  the  numbers  ;  but  they  are  easily  procurable 
on  applying  for  them  as  Criminal  Returns,  naming 
the  years  for  which  they  are  wanted.  T.  B. 

HAWKINS  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  iii.  205  ;  iv.  438.)— 
I  do  not  know  whether  the  following  item  of  in- 
formation may  throw  some  light  on  the  Hawkins 


.  IV.  DEC.  19, '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


507 


family,  but  I  give  it  for  what  it  is  worth.     I  have 
an  old  poetical  translation  of  Horace,  entitled  — 

"  Odes  of  Horace :  the  best  of  Lyrick  Poets,  contain- 
ing much  Moralitie  and  Sweetnesse.  The  Third  Edition. 
Selected,  translated,  reviewed,  and  enlarged  with  many 
more,  by  Sr  T.  H.  London :  Printed  by  John  Haviland 
for  William  Lee,  and  are  to  be  sold  at  his  shop,  at  the 
signe  of  the  Turk's  Head  in  Fleet  Street,  1635." 

In  very  old  handwriting  T.  H.  is  filled  up 
Hawkins,  and  from  some  pieces  of  poetry  prefixed 
to  it  in  his  honour,  it  is  shown  that  he  was  a 
knight  (eqites  auratus).  The  pieces  of  poetry  in 
his  honour  are  by  Sir  John  Beaumount,  Baronet ; 
George  Fortescue,  Hugh  Holland,  and  J.,Chap- 
perlin.  C.  T.  RAMAGE. 

JOSEPH  ADDISON  AND  THE  "  SPECTATOR  "  (3rd 
S.  iv.  146.) — Referring  to  my  previous  note,  I 
would  ask  the  favour  of  any  correspondent  pos- 
sessing the  original  numbers  of  the  Spectator, 
411-421,  170-172,  255-257  (inclusive)  informing 
me  whether  there  are  any  variations  between  the 
text  as  printed  in  these,  and  the  ordinary  volume 
reprints  ;  if  there  are,  the  loan  of  the  above  num- 
bers for  a  few  days  would  oblige  me  very  much. 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 
50,  Buccleuch  Street,  Glasgow. 

MERCHANTS'  MARKS  (3rd  S.  iv.  413.) — Mac- 
kerell's  History  of  Lynn  contains  examples  of 
several  curious  merchants'  marks  formerly  in  the 
Lynn  churches.  These  examples  are,  however, 
not  carefully  engraved.  In  the  possession  of  the 
Corporation  of  Lynn  there  are  an  extensive  series 
of  early  deeds,  to  many  of  which  are  appended 
seals,  on  which  are  represented  the  marks  of  very 
many  of  the  early  mayors  and  burgesses  of  that 
town.  I  have  a  collection  of  nearly  400  examples 
copied  from  these  seals,  dating  from  1290  to  the 
reign  of  Elizabeth. 

The  Corporation  of  Coventry  possess  also  a 
large  collection  of  charters,  deeds,  &c.,  with  nu- 
merous examples  of  merchants'  marks  impressed 
on  the  seals  appended  thereto.  A  short  paper  by 
Mr.  Harrod,  in  the  Transactions  of  the  Norfolk 
and  Norwich  Archaeological  Society,  contains 
examples  of  several  of  the  marks  used  by  the 
Yarmouth  herring  packers,  temp,  sixteenth  cen- 
tury, and  the  Corporation  Records  contain  draw- 
ings of  others. 

Examples  of  marks  used  by  coopers  are  given 
in  a  privately  printed  account  of  the  Coopers' 
Company  of  London  by  Mr.  Firth. 

Mr.  Fitch,  of  Norwich,  has  printed  a  short 
pamphlet  on  the  Brewers'  marks  of  Norwich. 

Mr.  Frost,  the  historian  of  Hull,  made  a  collec- 
tion of  the  marks  pertaining  to  the  merchants  of  | 
that  town.     His  collections,  which  are  in  my  pos- 
session, contain  some  very  interesting  specimens. 

I  should  be  glad  to  give  A.  B.  any  additional 
information  on  this  subject.  J.  J.  HOWARD. 


IRISH  UNION  (3rd  S.  iv.  342.) — When  the  great 
agitation  for  Repeal  of  the  Union  was  carried  on 
by  the  late  Mr.  O'Connell,  many  most  valuable 
statistical  works  on  the  subject  of  S.  G.  E.'s  query 
were  published  by  the  association.  The  general 
statistical  publications  issued  by  the  body  (inde- 
pendent of  political  bearing)  were  very  valuable. 
Perhaps  J.  M.  Ray,  Esq.,  of  the  Registry  Office, 
Dublin,  could  assist  S.  G.  E.  S.  REDMOND. 

THE  EARL  or  SEFTON  (3rd  S.  iv.  442,  &c.)  — 
Your  correspondent,  S.  REDMOND,  seems  unfor- 
tunate in  supposing  that  an  Earl  of  Sefton  was  a 
priest  of  the  Church  of  Rome.  The  first  Earl 
certainly  was  not.  The  second  and  third  Earls 
were  both  married,  and  therefore  could  not  have 
been  priests  in  a  church  whose  rule  is  celibacy. 
The  fourth  and  present  is  a  Lieutenant  in  the 
Grenadier  Guards.  It,  however,  appears  from 
Burke's  Peerage,  my  authority  for  this  account, 
that  Richard,  7th  Viscount,  was  a  clergyman  of  the 
church  of  Rome.  GEORGE  W.  MARSHALL. 

SIMON  FHAZER,  LORD  LOVAT  (3rd  S.  iv.  444.) 
In  the  Notices  to  Correspondents,  p.  444,  it  is 
stated  that  Lord  Lovat  was  taken  by  a  party  of 
armed  constables  at  his  lodgings  in  Soho  Square 
in  1715.  This  suggests  a  query  I  have  long  in- 
tended sending  to  "  N.  &  Q."  Where  was  he 
taken  in  1745  ?  He  was,  I  believe,  taken  in  Scot- 
land. I  wish  to  find  an  account  of  his  journey 
from  Scotland  to  London,  and  should  be  greatly 
obliged  by  any  reference  which  would  tend  to 
throw  light  upon  this  subject.*  I  possess  a  rub- 
bing of  his  coffin-plate  from  the  chapel  of  St. 
Peter  ad  Vincula,  as  also  of  those  of  Lords  Bal- 
merino  and  Kilmarnock.  A  copy  of  it  may  be 
interesting,  as  I  have  not  yet  seen  it  printed. 


"  SIMON  DOMINUS 

FRASEE  DE  LOVAT 

Decollat :  Apr.  1747. 

^Etat :  Suze  80." 


GEORGE  W.  MARSHALL. 

CAPACITY  FOR  RELIGION  IN  THE  INFERIOR 
ANIMALS  (3rd  S.  iv.  414.) — In  reply  to  your  cor- 
respondent G.  C.  GELDART'S  query,  "  Whether 

[*  Lord  Lovat  was  finally  apprehended  in  the  district 
of  Morar,  on  the  western  coat  of  Scotland,  by  a  party 
from  the  "  Furnace  "  Sloop,  which  had  been  sent  to 
search  the  isles  and  the  coast.  In  the  Lake  Morar  he 
had  hidden  himself,  and  the  contemporary  narratives 
state  that  he  was  discovered  within  a  hollow  tree,  in 
which  he  was  able  to  stand  upright  after  having  entered 
by  an  orifice  below,  through  which  the  sailors  were 
astonished  to  see  what  appeared  to  be  two  human  legs 
muflled  in  flannel  like  those  of  a  gouty  alderman.  He 
was  conveyed  in  a  litter,  first  to  Fort  William,  and  then 
by  easy  stages  through  Stirling  and  Edinburgh,  and 
thence  by  Berwick  to  London.  Vide  John  Hill  Burton's 
Lives  of  Lord  Lovat  and  Duncan  Forbes,  p.  249,  &c.  8vo, 
1847.— ED.] 


508 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'<i  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63. 


there  has  ever  prevailed  among  the  great  Roman 
Catholic  Doctors  any  opinion  that  was  esteemed 
probable  or  commendable  respecting  a  capacity  for 
religion  in  beings  below  the  grade  of  humanity?" 
I  would  refer  him  to  the  following  passage  at  p.  1 3 
of  A  Treatise  of  Church-lands  and  Tithes  by 
William  Forbes,  Advocat."  Printed  at  Edin- 
burgh in  1705.  This  writer,  speaking  of  St. 
Francis,  whom  he  describes  as  "  a  dissolute  mer- 
chant in  his  youth,"  proceeds  to  inform  us  that 
"  upon  the  wakening  of  his  conscience"  he  became 
so  compassionate  that  — 

He  cou'd  not  find  in  his  Heart  to  kill  a  Louse.  He  en- 
deavoured, by  Preaching  to  Beasts,  and  Teaching  Birds 
their  Catechism,  and  Sheep  to  Bleat  out  their  Canonical 
Hours,  and  such  like  Holy  Feats,  to  treasure  up  a  Stock 
of  Merit  in  the  Bank  of  his  Fraternity." 

J.  C.  R. 

MARVEN  (3rd  S.  iv.  268,  420.)  —  I  am  afraid 
that  I  am  not  on  the  right  scent  after  all  respect- 
ing the  connection  of  Marvin  and  Cambell.  I 
have  a  seal  which  bears  "  ar.  a  demi-lion  sa." 
The  arms  of  Marvin  of  Pertwoode,  co.  Wilts,  temp. 
Eliz.  The  arms  which  your  correspondent  H.  S. 
G.  kindly  gives  are — Or,  on  a  chevron  sa.  a  mullet 
with  crescent  for  difference,  which  are  those  of 
Sir  Thomas  Murfyn,  Lord  Mayor  of  London  in 
1518.  As  he  lived  in  1518,  and  the  Marvins 
shortly  after,  viz.  temp,  Eliz.,  bearing  distinct 
arms,  they  can  hardly  be  of  the  same  family. 

K.  R.  C. 

EIKON  BASILIKE  (3rd  S.  iv.  441.) — The  epitaph, 
said  to  have  been  painted  on  the  chancel  wall  of 
Handborough  church,  Oxon,  will  be  found  at  the 
end  of  an  8vo  edition  of  the  Eikon  Basilike,  pub- 
lished in  1727,  or  rather  at  the  end  of  the  Royal 
Martyr,  published  at  the  same  time,  and  by  the 
same  editor,  and  bound  up  with  it.  The  Dedica- 
tion of  both  pieces  is  signed  "  R.  Royston."  The 
Address  to  the  Reader  is  signed  "Rich.  Perrin- 
chief." 

The  same  epitaph  is  published  in  Sandford's 
History  of  the  Kings  of  England,  who  says  it  was 
written  by  Richard  Powell,  of  the  Inner  Temple, 
Esq.,  and  together  with  his  majesty's  portraiture 
at  large,  and  his  works  in  folio  underneath  it,  was 
painted  and  set  up  in  St.  Olave's  church,  Silver 
Street,  London.  H.  T.  ELLACOMBE,  M.A. 

Is  it  possible  that  my  old  acquaintance,  the  re- 
markably interesting  inscription  in  Handborough 
Church  is  obliterated  and  gone  ?  Surely  this  is  a 
piece  of  Vandalism  in  the  disguise  of  restoration, 
which  only  requires  to  be  represented  in  the  proper 
quarter,  and  with  due  urgency,  in  order  to  obtain 
its  reversal.  No  man,  one  would  suppose,  in  his 
right  senses,  not  even  a  fashionable  architect  in 
the  paroxysms  of  mediajvalisui,  could  imagine  a 
few  scraped  stones  on  a  chancel  wall  to  be  pre- 
ferable to  this  striking  record  cf  a  bygone  age. 


I  pray  you,  Mr.  Editor,  that  not  another  num- 
ber of  "  N.  &  Q."  may  go  forth  without  this  in- 
dignant protest,  in  which  I  feel  thousands  would 
join  me,  of  C.  W.  BINGHAM. 

EXECUTION  FOR  WITCHCRAFT  (3rd  S.  iii.  300.) 
If  it  is  lawful  to  contravene  an  editorial  note,  let 
me  remark  that  there  is  a  case  of  execution  much 
later  than  that  of  the  three  reputed  witches  at 
Exeter,  in  1682.  See  British  Topography,  vol.  i. 
p.  311,  which  tells  of  — 

"  Mrs.  Mary  Hickes  and  her  daughter  Elizabeth,  but 
of  nine  years  of  age,  who  were  condemned  the  last  assizes 
held  at  Huntingdon,  for  witchcraft,  and  there  executed  on 
Saturday  the  28th  of  July,  1716." 

PELAGITJS. 

BAPTISMAL  NAMES  (3rd  S.  iii.  328.)  —  When  I 
was  a  curate  I  remember  my  vicar  being  sore  per- 
plexed at  being  asked  to  baptise  a  child  "  Bessie." 
He  refused  to  baptise  it  by  any  nick-name,  and 
suggested  Eliza,  Elizabeth,  &c ,  to  the  parents  in- 
stead, but  in  vain.  We  searched  the  books,  and 
only  discovering  the  same  constitution  of  Abp. 
Peccham,  mentioned  by  the  editor,  bearing  upon 
the  case,  the  point  was  referred  to  the  late  excel- 
lent Sir  John  Patteson,  who  advised  compliance, 
as  we  had  no  law  on  our  side.  So  I  baptised  the 
child  by  the  obnoxious  nickname.  PELAGIUS. 

RING  FINGER  (3rd  S.  iii.  344.)  —  UUYTE  may 
like  to  hear  that  Pliny  informs  us  (Hist.  Nat., 
xxxiii.  1),  that  rings  used  to  be  worn  originally 
on  the  fourth  finger,  afterwards  on  the  second, 
then  on  the  least.  The  Britons  and  Gauls  wear 
them  on  the  middle  finger.  PELAGIUS. 

DENTITION  IN  OLD  AGE  (3rd  S.  iii.  499.)— Hav- 
ing occasion,  to  my  sorrow,  to  visit  lately  one  of 
the  most  experienced  dentists  of  the  midland 
counties,  I  took  occasion  in  an  interval  of  torture 
to  bring  this  subject  before  him.  S.  D.  will  be 
pleased  to  know  that  his  guess  was  entirely  cor- 
roborated by  my  tormentor,  who  assured  me  people 
frequently  fancied  that  they  cut  new  teeth  when 
at  a  great  age,  whereas  the  truth  was  their  gums 
had  fallen,  and  the  stumps  of  the  old  teeth  once 
more  came  into  play.  This  also  explains  the  con- 
dition of  the  old  gentleman's  teeth  examined  by 
MR.  PICKFORD  (p.  474  same  volume).  Pliny  tells 
a  more  wonderful  story  than  any  adduced  in 
"N.  &Q.:"— 

"  Homini  novissimi  [dentes]  qui  genuini  vocant,  circiter 
vicesimum  annum  gignuntur,  multis  et  octogesimo.  Fre- 
minis  quoque,  sed  quibus  in  juventa  non  fuere  nati,  deci- 
dere  in  senecta,  et  mox  renasci  certum  est.  Zanclen  Sa- 
mothracenum  civem  cui  renati  essent  post  centum  et 
quatuor  annos  Mutianus  visum  a  se  prodidit." — Hist.  Nat. 
xi.  37. 

PELAGIUS. 

DYING  WITH  THE  EBBING-TIDE  (3rd  S.  ii.  258.) 
The  opinion  is  older  than  Pliny,  who  states,  after 


3**  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


509 


recounting  numerous  marvels,  "  His  addit  Ari- 
stoteles  nullum  animal  nisi  testu  recedente  expi- 
rare." — Hist.  Nat.  ii.  23.  PELAGIUS. 

PREPOSITION  AT  END  or  A  SENTENCE  (3rd  S.  iiS. 
436.)  —  D.  S.  will  find  some  good  remarks  on  bis 
dogma  in  Hallam's  Lit.  of  Europe,  part  iv.  7,  37. 
It  was  becoming  disused  in  Dryden's  time. 

PELAGIUS. 

DOGS  (3rd  S.  iv.  50.)  —  Pope  speaks  rather 
hastily  respecting  the  honour  the  Scriptures  pay 
this  animal.  On  the  contrary,  it  is  throughout 
them  spoken  of  with  hatred  as  unclean  and  abo- 
minable. The  higher  side  of  this  creature's  cha- 
racter, its  fidelity,  attachment,  &c.,  which  is  the 
prevailing  view  we  moderns  take  of  it,  is  first  seen 
emerging  in  Homer.  Byron  and  Landseer,  in 
their  respective  arts,  have  ennobled  these  higher 
qualities  of  the  dog  in  our  own  days.  See  on  the 
moral  qualities  of  dogs,  and  how  this  animal  is 
used,  symbolically  by  the  great  Venetian  painters 
and  others,  some  remarkable  sections  in  Mr.  Rus- 
kin's  Modern  Painters,  v.  pt.  ix.  §  14-20. 

PELAGIUS. 

SUNDRY  QUERIES  (3ra  S.  iv.  451.)  —  6.  Good 
accounts  of  the  Via  Dolorosa  may  be  found  in  the 
Pere  Geramb's  Pilgrimage,  and  in  Chateaubriand's 
Itinerary  of  the  Holy  Land. 

9.  Dorax  is  a  character  in  one  of  Dryden's 
plays,  Don  Sebastian.  The  dialogue  between  Se- 
bastian and  Dorax  is  considered  but  little  inferior 
to  the  quarrel  between  Brutus  and  Cassius  in 
Shakspeare.  F.  C.  H. 

15.  Jockey  of  Norfolk.    Does  not  MB.  WALCOTT 
refer  to  the  lines  pinned  on  the  Duke  of  Norfolk's 
tent  before  the  battle  of  Bosworth  ? 

"  Jockey  of  Norfolk  be  not  too  bold, 
For  Dickon  your  master  is  bought  and  sold."  . 

16.  The  Duke  with  the  Silver  Hand.     I  do  not 
know  what  Duke  of  Somerset  bore  this  appella- 
tion ;  but  Sir  Humphrey  Stafford  with  the  Silver 
Hand,  the  founder  of  the  great  Stafford  family, 
died   in    1413.      (See   Burke's  Extinct  Peerage, 
p.  492.)  HEBMENTRUDE. 

QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (3rd  S.  iv.  454.)  —  "  He 
died  of  no  distemper."  These  lines  are  Dryden's, 
but  I  am  unable  to  state  from  which  of  his  works 
they  are  taken.  I  think,  however,  that  S.  S.  S. 
has  not  quoted  them  correctly.  In  Bysshe's  Art 
of  English  Poetry,  .they  are  given  much  better, 
thus :  — 

"  Of  no  distemper,  of  no  blast  he  died, 
But  fell  like  autumn  fruit,  that  withered  long ; 
Ev'n  wondered  at,  because  he  dropt  no  sooner. 
Fate  seemed  to  wind  him  up  for  fourscore  years, 
Yet  freshly  ran  he  on  ten  winters  more ; 
Till,  like  a  clock,  worn  out  with  eating  time, 
The  wheels  of  weary  life  at  last  stood  still." 

F.  C.  II. 


PISCINA  NEAR  ROOD  LOFTS  (3rd  S.  iv,  270,  361, 
441.) — To  determine  the  character  of  the  supposed 
piscina  at  Maxey,  the  first  thing  to  be  ascertained 
is  whether  it  had  a  drain.  This  STAMFORDIENSIS 
does  not  inform  us,  though  he  should  have  done 
so  before  rushing  to  the  conclusion  that  there 
must  have  been  an  altar  near  it.  If  any  opening 
in  the  basin,  or  any  vestiges  of  a  drain  are  still 
discernible,  it  was  a  piscina.  Still  it  does  not  ne- 
cessarily follow  that  it  was  for  the  use  of  any  altar, 
and  certainly  no  altars  were  placed  in  such  posi- 
tions. Piscinas  were  for  various  uses ;  generallyr 
indeed,  for  receiving  the  ablutions,  the  water  of 
the  lavabo,  and  also  such  portions  of  wine  and 
water  as  had  not  been  used  for  the  mass ;  but  also 
for  the  reception  of  water  which  had  been  used  for 
baptism,  water  in  which  the  corporals  and  niun- 
datories  had  been  washed  by  the  subdeacons  or 
others  in  holy  orders ;  water  which  had  been  used 
to  wash  any  altar  linen,  pavement,  or  place  on 
which  the  consecrated  species  had  accidentally 
fallen ;  as  also  the  ashes  of  burnt  tow,  cotton, 
palms,  and  other  things,  which  it  was  not  proper 
to  deposit  in  ordinary  places.  Piscinas  for  these 
purposes  might  be  placed  any  where  about  the 
church,  and  elevated  and  out  of  the  way  places- 
would  be  obviously  preferable  for  them. 

If,  however,  the  piscina  discovered  at  Maxey 
should  not  appear  to  have  had  any  drain,  and 
especially  if  its  flooring  is  flat,  and  without  any 
hollow,  it  is  quite  probable  that  it  was  only  a  niche 
for  some  holy  image.  F.  C.  H. 

In  a  crypt  under  the  south  chancel  aisle  of 
Grantham  church  there  is  a  decorated  piscina,  in 
the  usual  position  (the  south  wall),  and  near  it, 
under  a  window  in  the  east  wall,  a  stone  altar, 
the  latter  containing  the  five  crosses  nearly  ob- 
literated. STAMFORDIENSIS. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

The  History  of  the  Violin  and  other  Instruments  played  on 
with  the  Sou:,  from  the  remotest  Times  to  the  Present ; 
with  an  Account  of  the  Principal  Makers,  English  and 
Foreign,  with  Numerous  Illustrations.  By  William 
Sandvs,  F.S.A.,  and  Simon  Andrew  Forster.  (J.  R. 
Smith.) 

If  the  Organ  be  the  King  of  musical  instruments,  the 
Violin  is  assuredly  the  Queen.  Many  years  ago  Mr. 
Dubourg,  an  accomplished  scholar,  "with  a  good  bovv 
arm,"  showed  his  loyalty  by  an  admirable  little  volume 
on  its  history ;  and  now  we  have  a  profound  antiquary, 
Mr.  Sandys,  and  Mr.  Forster,  the  representative  of  "a 
family  world-renowned  as  fiddle-makers,  combining  their 
varied  talents  to  do  justice  to  the  Violin.  They  have 
played  their  several  parts  most  harmoniously,  and  have 
drawn  out  their  lengthened  sweetness  into  a  volume 
which  will  delight  all  fiddle-players.  The  early  history 
of  the  instrument  is  told  by  Mr.  Sandys  with  a"  mixture 
of  learning  and  quiet  humour  most  "pleasant  to  read ; 
while  the  notices  of  great  performers,  and  more  particu- 


510 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63. 


larly  of  the  great  makers  of  the  Violin,  are  peculiarly 
valuable,  and  such  as  probably  nobody  but  Mr.  Forster 
could  supply. 

Shakespeare.  A  Reprint  of  his  Collected  Works  as  put 
forth  in  1623.  Part  II.  Containing  the  Histories.  (L. 
Booth.) 

If  we  wanted  any  justification  for  the  strong  commend- 
ation which  we  passed  on  the  First  Part  of  Mr.  Booth's 
admirable  reprint  of  the  famous  Folio  of  1623,  it  is  to  be 
found  in  the  simple  but  most  effective  statement  pre- 
fixed to  this  Second  Part,  namely,  that  it  is  a  fact,  that 
although  Part  I.  has  been  now  nearly  two  years  in  cir- 
culation, "  not  a  single  question  of  its  accuracy  has  been 
encountered  which  has  not  proved  to  be  an  error  or  mis- 
apprehension of  the  questioner."  We  congratulate  the 
editor  on  the  success  which  has  attended  his  endeavour 
to  ensure  accuracy  in  his  Reprint,  and  the  lovers  of  Shake- 
speare on  the  opportunity  of  possessing  an  accurate  re- 
production of  the  first  Folio  at  a  moderate  price. 

BOOKS  RECEIVED. — This  Season  has  produced  a  large 
crop  of  excellent  books  for  younger  readers.  Foremost 
among  these  is  a  new  Series  of  Parables  from  Nature,*  by 
our  old  favourite  Mrs.  Gatty :  two  of  which  parables — 
"  The  Light  of  Life"  and  "Cobwebs" — will,  we  pronounce, 
be  especial  favourites.  Somewhat  akin  to  this  is  a  little 
book  by  Miss  Yonge,  The  Wars  of  Wapsburgh,^  quite 
worthy  of  the  authoress  of  The  Heir  of  Redclyffe.  Those 
practical  grandfathers  who  give  their  favourites  micro- 
scopes for  Christmas-boxes,  are  indebted  to  the  same 
publishers  for  another  excellent  little  book,  Microscope 
Teachings,  J  which  will  make  their  Christmas  gifts  more 
complete.  England's  Workshops,^  which  records  faith- 
fully and  graphically  a  series  of  visits  to  some  of  the 
great  workshops  of  this  country,  gives  an  excellent  and 
interesting  account  of  the  processes  by  which  some  of 
our  commonest -articles  of  utility  are  produced,  and  the 
wealth,  science,  and  power  employed  in  their  production : 
and  here  we  are  reminded  of  the  Chancellor  of  the  Ex- 
chequer's address  on  Wedgwood,  \\  in  which  he  displayed  all 
the  eloquence  for  which  his  speeches  are  so  remarkable,  for 
the  theme  was  one  especially  suited  to  his  peculiar  genius. 
Mr.  John  Timbs's  new  volume,  Knowledge  for  the  Time,*§ 
is  one  of  those  happy  combinations  of  industry  and  tact, 
applied  to  the  production  of  a  book  for  the  many,  for 
which  the  compiler  has  established  so  wide-spread  a 
reputation.  In  his  Scenes  from  the  Drama  of  European 
History,**  Mr.  Adams  describes  a  well-selected  series  of 
events  from  the  battle  of  Tours  in  732,  to  that  of  Waterloo 
in  1815 :  so  told  as  to  give  the  younger  reader  a  general 
knowledge  of  the  leading  events  of  European  history,  and 
to  supply  to  the  older  reader  who  has  small  leisure  a  sketch 
of  the  same  in  a  comprehensive  form,  and  intelligible 
style. 

*  Parables  from  Nature.  Fourth  Series.  By  Mrs. 
Alfred  Gatty.  (Bell  &  Daldy.) 

f  The  Wars  of  Wapsburgh.  By  the  Author  of  The 
Heir  of  Redclyffe.  (Groombridge.) 

J  Microscope  Teachings.  By  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Ward. 
Illustrated  with  Sixteen  coloured  Plates.  (Groombridge.) 

§  England's  Workshops.  By  Dr.  G.  L.  M.  Strauss, 
C.  W.  Quin,  F.C.S., ;  John  C.  Brough ;  Thomas  Archer ; 
W.  B.  Tegetmeier,  and  W.  J.  Prowse.  (Routledge.) 

||  Wedgwood.  An  Address  by  the  Rt.  Hon.  W.  E. 
Gladstone,  M.P.  (Murray.) 

^f  Knoivledge  for  the  Time.  A  Manual  of  Reading, 
Reference,  and  Conversation  on  Subjects  of  Interest, 
Useful  Curiosity,  and  Amusing  Research.  By  John 
Timbs,  F.S.A,  (Lockwood.) 

*  Scenes  from  the  Drama  of  European  History.    By 
W.  H.  Davenport  Adams.    (Virtue  Brothers.) 


Sir  Guy  de  Guy.  A.  Stirring  Romaunt  in  Three  Fyttes. 
By  Rattlebrain.  Illustrated  by  Phiz.  (Routledge.) 
This  amusing  book  relates  in  Hudibrastic  verse  the 
adventures  of  its  hero,  a  Putney  volunteer,  and  amateur 
entomologist,  his  love  adventures,  hair-breadth  'scapes, 
and  deeds  of  heroism,  mingling  with  the  story  many  sedate 
reflections,  so  as  to  make  up  a  racy  satire  on  the  extra- 
vagant "  sensational  "  taste  of  the"  day.  The  sparkling 
rhymes  of  Rattlebrain  are  capitally  illustrated  by  Phiz, 
with  that  mixture  of  grace  and  fun  that  characterises 
his  style,  especially  when  there  is  a  lady  in  the  case. 

De  la  Rue's  Red  letter  Diary  and  Improved  Memoran- 
dum Book  for  1864. 

These  very  useful  companions  to  the  desk  of  every  man 
of  business,  and  of  every  man  of  letters,  have  just  been 
issued,  and  exhibit  the  same  useful  and  varied  contents, 
and  are  got  up  with  the  same  good  taste,  for  which  their 
predecessors  have  been  distinguished  for  many  years. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentleman  by  whom  they  are  required,  whose  name  and  address 
are  given  for  that  purpose :  _ 

PROOT'S  CASTLES  AND  AEBBYS  op  MONMOUTHSHIRE.    Folio. 
BORNS'S  WORKS  (Hocg'a  Edition).    5  Vols. 
PUNCH  (Original).    Vols.  XVIII.  XIX.  XX.  and  XXI. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Thos.  Millard,  70,  Newgate  Street. 


0.  8.    The  lines— 

"  Yestreen  the  Queen  had  four  Maries, 

To  day  she'll  hae  but  three,"  &c., 

are  from  the  ballad  of  "Marie  Hamilton."    See  Aytoun's  Ballads  of 
Scotland,  vol.  ii.  p.  42. 

J.  G.  For  notes  on  "  Land  of  Green  Ginger  "  in  Hull,  see  "  N.  &  Q." 
1st  S.  viii.  34, 606,  <§-c.;  x.  174. 

H.  A.  S.    On  the  subject  of— 

"  Douglas,  Douglas,  tender  and  true," 
see  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  v.  169, 226,245;  xi.  71. 
N.  B.    Yes. 

BOSK  OP  JKRICHO.  Mr.  W.  B.  Smythe  will  find  much  curwus  informa- 
tion on  this  subject  in  our  1st  8.  xi.  72,  449,  %c.;  and  2nd  S.  ii.  173, 236, 
296,  437. 

A.  B.  FORREST.  So  account  of  tlie  death  of  Commodore  Arthur  For- 
rest appears  in  the  General  Index  to  JBlackwood's  Magazine. 

C.'A.  E.  For  the  passage  in  Melanchthon  see  pp.  352, 421  of  our  present 
volume. 

T.  A.  C.  VINCBNT  and  GEOROB  F.  CHAMBERS,  We  have  letters  for 
these  Correspondents.  Where  can  we  forward  tliem  ? 

fforniman's  Tea  is  choice  and  stroruj,  moderate  in  price,  and  whole- 
some to  use.  These  advantages  have  secured  for  this  Tea  a  general 
preference.  It  is  sold  in  packets  by  2,280  Agents. 

THE  NEW  YEAR.  —  A  large  Assortment  of  well-seasoned  Ac- 
count Books,  suited  to  all  Consumers  in  price,  quality  of  material, 
and  arrangement.  Almanacks,  Diaries.  Housekeepers'  and  Pocket 
Books  in  great  variety,  Ready  Reckoners,  Interest  and  Discount  Books, 
Bill  Books,  Stationery  and  Copying  Machines,  Maps,  Charts,  &c.  Cata- 
logues Gratis— LETTS,  8,  Royal  Exchange. 


THE  PRETTIEST  GIFT  for  a  LADY  is  one  of 
JONES'S  GOLD  LEVERS,  at  lit  Us.    For  a  GENTLEMAN, 
one  at  101.  10s.    Rewarded  at  the  International  Exhibition  for  "  Cheap- 
ness of  Production." 

Manufactory,  338,  Strand,  opposite  Somerset  House. 


nHRISTENING     PRESENTS     in    SILVER.— 

\J  MAPPIN  BROTHERS  beg  to  call  attention  to  their  Extensive 
Collection  of  New  Designs  :n  sterling  SILVER  CHRISTENING 
PRESENTS.  Silver  Cups,  beautifully  chased  and  engraved,  3/.,  SI.  10s., 
41.,  &l.,  bl.  10s.  each,  according  to  size  and  pattern;  Silver  Sets  of  Knife, 
Fork,  and  Spoon,  in  Cases,  11.  Is.,  11. 10s.,  2Z.,  it.  10s.,  31.  3s.,  il.  4*.; 
Silver  Basin  and  Snoon,  in  handsome  Cases,  41.  4s.,  61.  6s.,  SI.  8s., 
101.10s MAPPIN  BROTHERS,  Silversmiths,  67  and  68,  King  Wil- 
liam Street,  London  Bridge  ;  and  222,  Regent  Street,  W.  Established 
in  Sheffield  A.D.  1810. 


3*d  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

f  f      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIEF  OFFICES  :  S,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77, KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.  E.  Bicknell,  Esq. 

T.Somers  Cocks, Esq.,  M.A..J.P. 

Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,  M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq 


Director!. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 
James  Hunt,  Esq. 
John  Leigh,  Esq. 
Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.  B.  Marson,  Esq. 
E.  Vansittart  Neale,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Jas.  Lys  Seager,  Esq. 
Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 
I   John  B.  White,  Esq. 


Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary. — Arthur  Scratch  ley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society  s  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MX.DICAL  MEN  are  remunerated, in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADZ  FOB  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  AMNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14*. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 

OSTEO      EIDOZO-. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

/GABRIEL'S     SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  nrst-clasb  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 


27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and 34,  Lndgate  Hill, London; 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham, 
insultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve 
ts,  opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
itiie  on  the  Teeth.      Post  Free  on  application, 
merican  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 


Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, oi ' 
Treatise 

Americ 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

MR.  HOWARD,  SURGEON-DENTIST,  52, 
FLEET-STREET,  has  introduced  an  ENTIRELY  NEW 
CRIPT1ON  of  ARTIFICIAL  TEETH,  fixed  without  springs, 
wires,  or  ligatures.  They  so  perfectly  resemble  the  natural  teeth  as 
not  to  be  distinguished  from  the  originals  by  the  closest  observer  ;  they 
will  never  change  colour  or  decay,  and  will  be  found  superior  to  any 
teeth  ever  before  used.  This  method  does  not  require  the  extraction  of 
roots,  or  any  painful  operation,  and  will  support  and  preserve  teeth 
that  are  loose,  and  is  guaranteed  to  restore  articulation  and  mastica- 
tion. Decayed  teeth  stopped  and  rendered  sound  and  useful  in  mas- 
tication— 52,  Fleet  Street. 


pIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM, PAXCHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  NEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1,000  others.  2s.  6rf.  each — 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 


OLLOW  AY'S    OINTMENT.—  All  varieties   of 


nlcerations,  bad  legs,  sores,  wounds,  and  eruptions  can  be  cured  by 
the  diligent  use  of  this  cooling,  soothing,  and  healing  unguent.  The  old 
and  often-failing  fashion  of  strapping  the  edges  of  ulcers  together  with 
plaister  has  entirely  given  way  before  the  more  reasonable  treatment 
by  Holloway's  Ointment,  which  builds  up  from  the  bottom  of  the 
wound  with'Bound  and  healthy  granulations:  these  gradually  grow  till 
they  reach  the  level  of  the  surface,  then  contract,  harden,  and  imme- 
diately become  covered  with  a  new  and  wholesome  skin.  The  proper 
application  of  this  ointment  diminishes  the  inflammation,  causes  the 
unhealthy  discharge  first  to  grow  thick,  then  to  ceasejwhen  the  swelling 
disappears,  and  the  natural  shape  is  restored. 


IMPERIAL    LIFE    INSURANCE    COMPANY, 

JL  1,  OLD  BROAD  STREET,  B.C. 

Instituted  A.D.  1820. 

A  SUPPLEMENT  to  the  PROSPECTUS,  showing  the  advantages 
of  the  Bonus  System,  may  be  had  on  application  to 

SAMUEL  INGALL,  Actuary. 

HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux Via.  and  30s.  per  doz. 

Good  Hock 30s.    „     36*.        „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  42».    „     48s. 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24s.    „     sog. 

Port  24s.,30s.    „     36s.       „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
Of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120*.  per  doz. 

Vintage  1834 ,   108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840 84s. 

Vintage  1847 „     72s. 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry, 36s., 42s., 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  48s., 60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  .Leibfraumilch,  60s  • 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120s.;  Braunbergcr,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  66s., 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignae,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymaa  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz.; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


CAMPBELL'S  OLD  GLENLI VAT  WHISKY.— 

\J  At  this  season  of  the  year,  J.  Campbell  begs  to  direct  attention  to 
this  fine  eld  MALT  WHISKY,  of  which  he  has  held  a  large  stock  for 
30  years,  price  20s.  per  gallon;  Sir  John  Power's  old  Irish  Whisky,  18s.; 
Hennessey's  very  old  Pale  Brandy,  32s.  per  gallon  (J.  C.'s  extensive 
business  in  French  Wines  gives  him  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the 
Brandy  market):  E.  Clicquot's  Champagne,  i;6s.  per  dozen;  Sherry, 
Pale,  Golden,  or  Brown,  30s.,  36s.,  and  42s.;  Port  from  the  wood,  30s. 
and  36s.,  crusted,  42s.,  48s.  and  54s.  Note.  —  J.  Campbell  confidently 
recommends  his  Vin  de  Bordeaux,  at  20s.  per  dozen,  which  greatly  im- 
proves by  keeping  in  bottle  two  or  three  years.  Remittances  or  town 
references  should  be  addressed  JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158, Regent  Street. 


CAPTAIN    WHITE'S 

ORIENTAL  PICKLE,  CURRY,  or  MULLIGA- 
TAWNY PASTE. 

Curry  Powder,  and  Curry  Sauce,  may  be  obtained  from  all  Sauce- 
Vendors,  and  Wholesale  of 

CROS8E  &  BLACKWELL,  Purveyors  to  the  Queen,  Soho  Square, 
London. 

SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERKINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  FERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOR  LEA  AND  PERKINS'  SAUCE. 

»»»  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors ,  Worcester; 
MESSRS.  CROSSE  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS,  London,  &c.,  &c. ;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 

Sold  by  Grocers  and  Druggists. 

FRY'S 

IMPROVED    HOMCEOPATHIC    COCOA. 

Price  Is.  6d.  per  Ib. 
FRY'S     PEARL     COCOA. 

FSY"S  ICELAND  MOSS  COCOA. 
J.  8.  FRY  &  SONS,  Bristol  and  London. 


Now  ready,  18mo,  coloured  wrapper,  Post  Free,  6d. 

N    GOUT    AND    RHEUMATISM.     A  new 

work,  by  DR.  LAV1LLE  of  the  Faculty  of  Medicine,  Paris,  ex- 
hibiting a  perfectly  new,  certain,  and  safe  method  of  cure.    Translated 
by  an  English  Practitioner. 
London;  FRAS.  NEWBERY  &  SONS,  45,  St.  Paul'i Church  Yard. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  DEC.  19,  '63. 


CHURCH  POETRY. 
BY  THE  REV.  JOHN  KEBLE. 

THE  CHRISTIAN  YEAR.  Thoughts  in  Verse 
for  the  Sundays  and  Holydays  throughout  the  Year. 

8vo  Edition— Laree  type,  cloth,  10s.  6d.;  morocco,  by  Hayday,  21*.; 
antique  calf,  price  18». 

Fcap.  8vo  Edition— Cloth,  7s.  6d.  j  morocco,  10s.  6d. ;  morocco  by 
Hayday,  15s. ;  antique  calf,  12s. 

18mo  Edition— Cloth,  6s.;  morocco,  8s.  6d. 

32mo  Edition— Cloth,  3s.  6d. ;  morocco,  plain,  5s. ;  morocco  by  Hay- 
day,  8*. 

Cheap  Edition— Cloth,  Is.  6d. ;  bound,  2s. 

LYRA    INNOCENTIUM.      Thoughts  in  Verse 

for  Christian  Children. 

Fcap.  Edition— Cloth,  7s.  6d.;  morocco,  IDs.  6d.;  morocco  by  Hayday, 
15n.;  antique  calf,  12s. 

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tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymse  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz.;. 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold, 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs- 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


CAMPBELL'S  OLD  GLENLIVAT  WHISKY.— 

\J    At  this  season  of  the  year,  J.  Campbell  begs  to  direct  attention  to 
this  fine  old  MALT  WHISKY,  of  which  he  has  held  a  large  stock  for 


Brandy  market):  E.  Clicquot's  Champagne,  66s.  per  dozen;  Sherry, 
Pale,  Golden,  or  Brown,  30s.,  36s.,  and  42s.;  Port  from  the  wood,  30s. 
and  36s.,  crusted,  42s.,  48s.  and  64s.  Note.  —  J.  Campbell  confidently 
recommends  hisVin  de  Bordeaux,  at  20s.  per  dozen,  which  greatly  im- 
proves by  keeping  in  bottle  two  or  three  years.  Remittances  or  town 
references  should  be  addressed  JAMSS  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 


3rd  S.  IV.  DEC.  26,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


511 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  26,  1863. 


CONTENTS. —No.  104. 

NOTES:  — Stray  Notes  on  Christmas,  511  — Tom  Moore's 
House,  513  —  King  James's  Puns.TS. — Anonyma :  Sterne, 
Ib. 

MINOE  NOTES  :  — Charles  Leigh:  Sir  Oliph  Leigh  — Sub- 
merged Houses  —  Polk  Lore  —  Moreton-in-the -Marsh  and 
King  Charles  I.,  514. 

QUERIES :  — Baron-Bailie  Courts  in  Scotland  — Sir  Geof- 
frey Congreve  —  S.  B.  Haslam  —  May :  Tri-Milchi  —  Early 
Marriages  —  Old  Medal  —  Quotations  —  Paper-Makers' 
Trade  Marks  —  Sanderson  —  Vincent  Bourne  —  Watson  of 
Lofthouse,  Yorkshire,  515. 

QTTEBIES  •WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  Party  Patches  —  Francis 
Charles  Weedon  —  Thomas  Throckmorton  —  Richard 
Lassels,  Gent.  —  Joseph  Washington,  516. 

REPLIES:  — The  Monogram  of  Constantine,  517  — Work- 
house at  Amsterdam,  518  — O'Reilly  at  Algiers:  Cartha- 
gena,  Ib.  —  Cowthorpe  Oak,  520  —  The  first  Book  printed 
in  Birmingham,  Ib.  —  Mustache,  521  —  Dictionaries  — Mrs. 
Fitzherbert,  &c.  —  Ram  and  Teazle  —  Mother  Douglas  — 
*O<rioj  and'Ayio? —  Scottish — Mother  and  Son  —  Thomas 
Chapman  —  Jamaica  —  Ganymede  —  Female  Fools  —  Au- 
brey's Staffordshire  Ghost  Story  —  Tedded  Grass— Modern 
Corruptions :  "  Reliable  "  —  Curious  Circumstance— Chris- 
tian Names  —  Phrases  —  Incongruous  Signs  —  Charles 
Price,  alias  Patch  —  Rev.  William  Peters  —  Quotations  — 
The  Great  Duke  a  Child-eater  —  Lines  on  Punning  —  Cum- 
berland Auctions  —  "  Forgive,  blest  Shade  "  —  The  Fault- 
bag —  Longevity  of  the  Raven —  Muffled  Peals  in  Memory 
of  the  late  Alderman  Cubitt  —  Burial-Place  of  John  Harri- 
son —  Socrates'  Dog  —  Samuel  Jones — Richard  Adams  — 
Anthony  Parker,  &c.,  521. 

Notes  on  Books,  L'Envoy,  &c. 


STEAY  NOTES  ON  CHRISTMAS.* 

vm.  Old  Church  Christmas  Carols.  —  ix.  Opinion  of 
Pagans :  how  affected  by  the  Great  Event ;  Cicero  and 
Macrobius ;  a  Contrast. 

VIII.  "  The  great  event"  that  had  occurred  "at 
Bethlehem,  in  the  reign  of  the  Roman  emperor 
Augustus,  was  thus  announced  by  angels  to 
shepherds  keeping  the  night-watch  over  their 
flocks : — 

"  This  day  is  born  to  you  a  Saviour,  who  is  Christ  the 
Lord,  in  the  city  of  David.  And  this  shall  be  a  sign 
unto  you :  you  shall  find  the  Infant  wrapped  in  swaddling 
clothes,  and  laid  in  a  manger." 

With  this  event  came  a  great  change:  not 
merely  in  the  condition  of  mankind,  but,  accord- 
ing to  ancient  legends,  in  nature  itself.  The 
following  lines  may  be  regarded  as  the  Christmas 
Carol  of  the  Christian  poet  Prudentius  :  — 
"  Vagitus  ille  exordium 

Vernantis  orbis  prodidit : 

Nam  tune  renatus  sordidum 

Mundus  veternum  depulit. 

Sparsisse  tellurem  reor 

Rus  omne  densis  floribus, 

Ipsasque  arenas  Syrtium 

Fragrasse  nardo  et  nectare, 

Te  cuncta  nascentem,  puer, 

Sensere  dura  et  barbara : 

Victusque  saxorum  rigor 

Obduxit  herbam  cotibus, 

Jam  mella  de  scopulis  fluunt." 


*  Concluded  from  3*d  S.  iv.  488. 


The  same  thought  is  expressed  in  an  old  Latin 
hymn  :  — 

"  The  dew  descends  from  above,  and  out  of  the  earth, 
springs  a  flower,  the  perfume  of  which  is  our  cure." 

"  De  excelso  cadit  ros, 
Et  in  terra  crescit  flos 
Cujus  odor  sanat  nos." 

Abraham  a  Sancta  Clara  (observes  Herr  Cassel, 
to  whom  we  are  indebted  for  the  preceding  quo- 
tation) specifies  some  of  the  old  traditions  ;  for  ia 
one  of  his  sermons  he  mentions  :  — 

"  At  the  time  that  God's  Son  was  born,  there  came  to 
pass  a  great  many  wonderful  circumstances.  First  of  all, 
a  countless  multitude  of  angels  flew  from  heaven,  and 
paid  their  homage  to  the  celestial  Child  in  various  loving 
hymns  instead  of  the  usual  lullabies  sung  to  babies. 
Next  the  deep  snow,  which  had  covered  the  ground  in 
the  same  neighbourhood,  at  once  disappeared ;  and  in  its 
place  were  to  be  seen  trees  covered  with  a  thick  foliage 
of  leaves,  whilst  the  earth  was  decorated  with  a  rick 
thick  crop  of  the  most  beautiful  flowers." 

The  firm  belief  in  the  truth  of  such  legend  still 
lives  in  England,  and  is  identified  with  the  many 
stories  told  of  the  flowering  of  Glastonbury  and 
other  thorns,  and  even  oaks,  on  Christmas  Day ; 
whilst,  in  Germany,  there  is  an  acrostic  made 
upon  the  flowers  that  constantly  come  into  bloom 
with  Christmas.* 

"  It  is  at  midnight,"  is  said  in  an  old  carol  or  hymn ; 
"the  Stranger  from  His  own  bright  land  is  born  in 
the  raw  coldness  of  winter  in  a  stable,  and  placed 
in  a  manger:  He  is  wretchedly  covered,  and  warmed 
alone  by  the  breathing  of  an  ox  and  an  ass.  He — the 
Creator  of  all  things  —  chose  to  be  born  in  winter;  in 
order  that,  by  the  fire  of  His  charity,  He  might  enkindle 
our  faith,  and  remove  from  us  the  numbing  chill  of 
infidelity." 

"  Edicto  die  dominica, 
Nascitur  nocte  media, 
Brumae  sub  inclementia, 
Peregrinus  a  patria. 

"  Natus  in  diversorio, 
Ponitur  in  przesepio, 
Cultu  tectus  pauperrimo, 
Bove  calet  et  asino. 

"  Tempus  elegit  hiemis, 
Creator  omnis  temporis, 
Ut  mentis  gelu  frigoris, 
A  cunctis  pellat  perfidis. 

"  Gelu  namque  perfidiaa, 
Venit  Christus  depellere, 
Fidemque  quoque  accendere, 
Suse  caritatis  igne." 

*  The  following  is  the  German  acrostic  of  Christmas 
flowers : — 

"  W  elke  Pole}', 
E  pfel, 

I  udianische  Xelken, 
N  isewurtz, 
A  ndriana, 
C  rocus, 

H  exen,  oder  Alaunwurtz, 
T  elge,  oder  Zweige  von  Kirschen." 

See  Caste!,  p.  Ixxiv.  n.  479, 


512 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  DEC.  20,  'C3. 


The  tradition  as  to  the  ox  and  the  ass  being  in 
the  stable  on  the  birth  of  Our  Lord,  is,  not  only 
that  these  animals  recognised  their  Creator,  but 
also  worshipped  him  :  — 

"  In  prsesepe  ponitur, 
Sub  foeno  asinorum, 
Cognoverunt  Dominum, 
Christum  Rcgem  ccelorum, 

Et  a  brutis  noscitur, 
Matris  velo  tegitur." 

IX.  Rohrbacher  (vol.  iv.  p.  53)  fixes  the  date 
of  the  birth  of  Our  Saviour  in  the  year  of  Rome, 
749.  It  is  very  difficult  to  convey  to  the  mind 
of  one  who  has  been  reared  in  the  bosom  of  Chris- 
tianity a  notion  of  the  change  that  Birth  effected, 
not  merely  in  the  morals  and  customs  of  mankind, 
but  in  the  thoughts  of  all  as  to  their  condition  in 
this  life,  and  their  expectations  as  to  an  after  state 
of  existence.  Even  Paganism  felt  the  benign 
influence  of  "the  Light,"  to  which  it  wilfully 
closed  its  eyes,  and  against  which  its  understand- 
ing was  darkened.  Let  us,  for  example,  look  to 
the  sentiments  expressed  by  two  Pagan  authors : 
the  one  writing  fifty  years  before  the  Nativity, 
and  the  second  living  at  an  early  period  in  the 
fifth  century.  The  first  of  these,  Cicero,  was 
gifted  beyond  most  other  beings  that  ever  existed, 
by  his  marvellous  genius,  science,  philosophy,  and 
learning.  The  other,  Macrobius,  was  nothing 
more  than  a  clever  antiquary  and  shrewd  critic. 

We  quote  a  passage  from  Cicero,  written  at  a 
remarkable  period  in  his  eventful  career.  The 
battle  of  Pharsalia  had  been  fought,  and  the 
despotism  of  Julius  Caesar  had  not  yet  been  firmly 
established.  Long  years  of  misery  and  carnage 
were,  in  704  (u.c.),  foreseen  by  Cicero  ;  and,  writ- 
ing in  that  year,  he  could  find  no  other  terms  in 
which  to  console  a  father  for  the  loss  of  a  son  than 
the  words  of  lamentation  as  to  this  life,  and  of 
incredulity  as  to  the  next,  which  are  here  an- 
nexed. They  express  dismay  as  to  the  present, 
and  despair  as  to  the  future. 

"  There  are  no  arguments  inculcated  in  the  writings  of 
the  philosophers  that  seem  to  have  so  strong  a  claim  to 
success  (in  affording  consolation),  as  those  which  may  be 
drawn  from  the  present  unhappy  situation  of  public 
affairs,  and  that  endless  series  of  misfortunes  which  is 
rising  upon  our  country.    They  are  such,  indeed,  that 
one  cannot  but  consider  those  to  be  most  fortunate  who  i 
never  knew  what  it  was  to  be  a  parent :  and  as  to  those  j 
persons  who  are  deprived  of  their  children,  in  these  times  i 
of  general  anarchy  and  misrule,  they  have  much  less  ! 
reason  to  regret  their  loss,  than  if  it  had  happened  in  a 
more  flourishing  period  of  the  commonwealth,  or  while 
yet  the  republic  had  any  existence.     If  your  tears  flow,  j 
indeed,  from  this  accident,  merely  as  it  affects  your  own  ! 
personal  happiness,  it  may  be  difficult,  perhaps,  entirely  | 
to  restrain  them.    But  if  your  sorrow  takes  its  rise  from  | 
a  more  enlarged  and  benevolent  principle — if  it  be  for  the 
sake  of  the  dead  themselves  that  you  lament — it  may  be 
an  easier  task  to  assuage  your  grief.    I  shall  not  here  j 
insist  upon  the  argument,  which  I  have  frequently  heard 
maintained  in  speculative  conversations,  as  well  as  often 


read  likewise  in  treatises  that  have  been  written  on  this 
subject.  'Death,'  say  those  philosophers,  'cannot  be 
considered  as  an  evil ;  because,  if  any  consciousness  re- 
mains after  our  dissolution,  it  is  rather  an  entrance  into 
immortality  than  an  extinction  of  life:  and  if  none  re- 
mains, there  can  be  no  misery  where  there  is  no  sen- 
sibility.'"— Epistola  Familiares,  lib.  v.  ep.  16. 

Macrobius  lived  in  the  reign,  and  was  an  official 
in,  the  court  of  the  Emperor  Theodosius.  He 
was  so  little  of  a  Christian  that,  when  he  refers 
incidentally  to  the  first  "  infant  martyrs,"  he  does 
so  with  no  feeling  of  compassion  for  them,  nor  of 
horror  against  the  monster  who  had  ordered  the 
massacre  of  "the  Holy  Innocents."  He  mentions 
the  fact  simply,  as  illustrative  of  one  of  the  wit- 
ticisms of  Augustus :  — 

"  Cum  audisset  inter  pueros,  quos  in  Syria  Herodes 
rex  Judaeorum  intra  bimatum  jussit  interfici,  filium  quo- 
que  ejus  occisum,  ait:  Melius  est  Herodis  porcum  esse 
quam  filium." — Saturn,  lib.  ii.  c.  4. 

And  yet,  even  upon  such  an  obdurate  Pagan  as 
Macrobius,  the  precepts  and  morality  of  the  Gos- 
pel had  (unconsciously  to  himself)  produced  their 
effect ;  or  we  should  never  find  in  his  book  the 
following  sentiment,  when  explaining  the  old 
Roman  custom  of  sending  presents  of  wax  candles 
during  the  Saturnalia :  — 

"Some,  however,"  says  Macrobius,  "put  a  different 
interpretation  upon  this  custom  of  making  presents  of 
wax-lights:  it  reminds  us  that  we  are  born  into  this 
world  in  order  that  we  may  pass  from  the  ways  of  a  gross 
and  dark  life,  into  the  knowledge  and  practice  of  good 
works,  which  are  the  true  lights  that  should  illuminate 
us  in  our  mortal  career." — Saturn,  lib.  i.  c.  7. 

Whilst  Cicero  lived,  Rome,  the  ruler  of  the 
world,  had  become  the  slave  of  every  superstition  : 
"  Dominator  orbis,  omni  superstitione  obnoxius." 
When  Macrobius  wrote,  the  imperial  diadem  had 
been  surmounted  with  the  emblem  of  Redemp- 
tion. Apostles,  disciples,  priests,  bishops,  con- 
fessoi's  of  every  age  and  rank,  had  in  countless 
numbers  followed  the  footsteps  of  their  Master — 
from  the  joys  of  Bethlehem  to  the  horrors  of 
Golgotha.  The  Mystery,  which  no  ancient  sage 
nor  philosopher  could  penetrate,  had  been  re- 
vealed. The  value  of  this  life  was  fully  known, 
and  its  cessation  no  longer  dreaded  as  the  worst 
of  calamities.  A  Pagan  who  had  been  converted 
to  Christianity  truly  described  the  results  of  the 
new  doctrine  upon  all  who  were  in  heart  and 
soul,  in  word  and  action,  followers  of  the  Infant 
God,  born,  in  the  year  of  Rome,  749. 

"  Dum  inori  post  mortem  timent,  interim  mori  non 
timent."* 


WM.  B.  MAC  CABE. 


Dinan,  Cotes  du  Nord,  France. 


Minutius  Felix,  Octavius. 


3'a  S.  IV.  DEC.  26,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


513 


TOM  MOORE'S   HOUSE. 

Near  the  pretty  little  village  of  Mayfield,  in 
Staffordshire,  stands  a  small  farm-house,  once  the 
residence  of  the  poet  Moore.  But  few  relics  are 
shown  of  the  poet,  except  an  inscription  scratched 
on  a  pane  in  a  bedroom  window,  and  said  by  the 
occupant  of  the  house,  though  without  any  good 
authority  quoted,  to  be  in  his  own  handwriting. 
These  lines  I  subjoin  in  case  they  may  not  be 
publicly  known,  and  shall  be  glad  to  ascertain  if 
they  are  really  Moore's  :  — 

"  I  ask  not  allways  in  your  breast 

In  solitude  to  be ; 

But  whether  mournful,  whether  blest, 
Sometimes  remember  me. 

Old  Moore's  Almanack. 
"  I  ask  not  allways  for  thy  smiles, 

Lot  of  some  happier  one, 
But  sometimes  be  with  feelings  fraught, 

O'er  joys  now  past  and  gone. 
"  I  ask  not  allways  for  those  smiles 
Which  make  thy  bosom  swell ; 
But  still  in  this  fond  heart  of  mine 
Those  strong  affections  dwell." 

Are  we  to  consider  the  first  four  lines  merely  a 
quotation  from  Old  Moore  s  Almanack,  and  the 
following  eight  the  poet's  expansion  of  the  same 
idea  ? 

On  the  next  pane  are  these  four  lines,  which 
the  occupant  of  the  house  ascribes  to  Byron,  who, 
they  affirm,  often  visited  the  poet  here :  — 

"  Can  I  forget  those  hours  of  bliss 

I've  passed  with  love  and  thee  ? 
Can  I  forget  the  parting  kiss 
Thy  fondness  gave  to  me  ? 

No." 

The  last  word  is,  I  think,  not  improbably  added 
by  another  hand. 

While  on  this  subject,  I  may  remark  that  this 
neighbourhood  is  full  of  interesting  memorials  of 
Prince  Charles  and  the  Jacobites,  and  among  other 
things,  there  are  shown  in  the  church  door  several 
bullet-holes  (in  one  of  which  the  lead  remains), 
which  the  common  people  affirm  were  made  by 
the  Royalists, — a  strange  outrage,  if  true,  on  the 
part  of  men  who  fought  for  true  Church  and 
State  principles,  however  much  their  motives  now 
are  maligned.  Jos.  HARGROVE. 

Clare  Coll.,  Cambridge. 


KING  JAMES'S  PUNS. 
It  is  said  in  the  Spectator,  No.  61,  that  — 

"  The  age  in  which  the  pun  chiefly  flourished  was  in 
the  reign  of  King  James  the  First.  That  learned 
monarch  was  himself  a  tolerable  punster,  and  made  very 
few  bishops  or  privy  counsellors  that  had  not  sometime 
or  other  signalized  themselves  by  a  clinch  or  a  conun- 
drum." 

Whether  his  Majesty  is  here  accurately  de- 
scribed as  a  "  tolerable  punster  "  may  perhaps  be 


determined  by  the  following  specimen  of  his 
powers  in  that  line,  which  I  extract  from  Mait- 
land's  History  of  Edinburgh  (1753),  p.  61.  He 
paid  a  visit  to  his  native  country  in  1618,  and 
took  occasion  to  attend  a  philosophical  disputa- 
tion in  the  College  of  Edinburgh. 

"  The  Disputations  (says  Maitland),  being  over,  the 
king  withdrew  to  supper,  after  which  he  sent  for  the  dis- 
putants, whose  names  were  John  Adamson,  James  Fairlie, 
Patrick  Sands,  Andrew  Young,  James  Reid,  and  William 
King,  before  whom  he  learnedly  discoursed  on  the  several 
subjects  controverted  by  them;  and  began  to  comment 
on  their  several  names,  and  said  these  gentlemen,  by 
their  names,  were  destined  for  the  acts  they  had  had  in 
hand  this  day,  and  proceeded  as  follows : 

"  Adam  was  father  of  all,  and  Adam's  son  had  the  first 
part  of  this  act.  The  defender  is  justly  called  Fairlit 
(Wonder.)  His  thesis  had  some  Fairlies  in  it,  and  he 
sustained  them  very  fairly,  and  with  many  fairlies  given 
to  the  oppugners. 

"  And  why  should  not  Mr.  Sands  be  the  first  to  enter 
the  sands?  But  now  I  clearly  see  that  all  sands  are  not 
barren,  for  certainly  he  hath  shewn  a  fertile  wit. 

"  Mr.  Young  is  very  old  in  Aristotle.  Mr.  Reid  need 
not  be  red  with  blushing  for  his  acting  this  day.  Mr. 
King  disputed  very  kingly,  and  of  a  kingly  purpose,  con- 
cerning the  royal  supremacy  of  reason  above  anger  and 
all  passions. 

"  The  King  being  told  there  was  one  in  company  his 
Majesty  had  taken  no  notice  of,  namely,  Henry  Charteris, 
Principal  of  the  College,  who,  though  a  man  of  great 
learning,  yet  by  his  innate  bashfulness  was  rendered  unfit 
to  speak  in  such  an  august  assembly,  James  answered, 
'  His  name  agrees  well  with  his  nature,  for  Charters 
contain  much  matter  yet  say  nothing,  yet  put  great 
matters  in  men's  mouths.' 

"  The  King  having  signified  that  he  would  be  pleased 
to  see  his  remarks  on  the  professors'  names  versified,  it 
was  accordingly  done  as  follows." 

And  then  comes  some  miserable  doggrel,  quite 
worthy  of  its  parent  stock,  which  any  one  who 
may  wish  to  see  it  will  find  in  Maitland  at  the 
place  I  have  referred  to.  Enough  has  been  quoted 
to  show  that  his  majesty's  puns,  so  far  from  being 
"  tolerable,"  would  obviously  be  refused  admission 
in  the  present  day  by  even  the  most  Catholic  Joe 
Miller,  or  Encyclopaedia  of  Wit.  G. 

Edinburgh. 


ANONTMA:  STERNE. 

In  1862  appeared  a  tentative  letter  in  The 
Times,  describing  the  appearance  of  some  attrac- 
tive Anonyma,  with  a  gay  equipage  in  the  Park. 
The  topic  very  properly  was  not  pursued :  and 
living  hundreds  of  miles  from  the  scene  pour- 
trayed,  I  need  scarcely  disclaim  any  knowledge 
of  the  person  pointed  at  by  the  writer  in  the 
newspaper.  But  I  saw  some  short  time  after- 
wards a  passage  in  French  which  presented  so 
close  a  parallel  to  the  circumstance  that  I  thought 
it  worth  transcribing.  An  alleged  English  visitor 
writes  of  a  certain  boulevard  in  Paris :  — 


514 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8*a  S.  IV.  DEC.  26,  '63. 


"  A  travers  des  tourbillons  de  poussiere,  nne  file  de 
caresses  circule  aux  petits  pas  sur  un  demi-mille  d'Angle- 
terre,  oh,  malgre'  la  lenteur  de  la  marche,  et  les  efforts  de 
Pescouade  qui  y  met  1'ordre,  souvent  on  s'embarrasse  et 
on  se  heurte.  Les  oisifs  qui  s'y  font  trainer,  s'occupant  a 
s'y  considerer ;  des  regards  effronte's  vont  y  decontenancer 
les  fenimes  jusques  dans  1'enforcement  de  la  berline  la  plus 
modeste.  On  y  voit,  il  est  vrai,  peu  de  pareils  Equipages : 
le  sexe,  qui  vient  y  figurer  pour  la  plupart,  ne  s'en  offense 
pas :  au  contraire,  il  repond  au  coup  d'oeil  le  plus  hardi, 
avec  une  assurance,  ou  plutot  un  air  triomphant,  qui 
de'cele  le  faste  et  la  fierte'  avec  lesquels  la  prostitution  et 
la  deshonneur  marchent  front  leve  au  milieu  des  de'- 
pouilles  e'clatantes  du  libertinage  et  de  la  sottise.  Souvent 
les  victimes  de  ces  Sirenes  insolentes  et  cruelles  s'assem- 
blent  en  foule  et  les  adorent  sans  pudeur  sur  leurs  chars, 
aux  yeux  du  public  indigne'  de  tant  de  bassesse  et  de 
duperie.  J'en  vis  une  dans  un  superbe  equipage  tout 
brillant  de  dorures,  qui  rehaussoit  le  plus  eclatant  vernis ; 
six  beaux  Anglois,  converts  de  plumes,  d'or  et  de  soie, 
la  trainoient  en  pompe;  une  livree  riche  et  imposante 
pccupoit  le  devant  et  le  derriere.  Ce  jour  la  un  monde 
infini  se  pressoit  au  boulevard.  An  moment  oil  son  char 
triomphal  de'boucha  d'une  rue  qui  y  conduit,  un  peuple 
immense,  qui  occupoit  les  contre-alle'es  h  pied,  se  porta 
avec  rapidite'  du  cote  par  ou  elle  arrivoit :  on  auroit  cru 
d'abord  h  cet  empressement  q'une  reine  bienfaisante  et 
cherie  venoit  s'ofFrir  aux  hommages  d'une  nation  en- 
chantee.  Je  le  pensai ;  mon  guide  m'apprit  que  c'e'toit 
la  fameuse " 

This  report  is  not  to  the  credit  of  the  French 
Anonymas  of  the  last  century;  but  the  most 
curious  thing  is,  that  the  extract  given  by  us  is 
ascribed  to  Sterne.  The  work  bears  the  title  :  — 

"  La  Quinzaine  Angloises  &  Paris ;  ou,  1'Art  de  s'y 
miner  en  peu  de  Temps.  Ouvrage  posthume  du  Docteur 
STEARNE.  Traduit  de  1' Anglois  par  un  Observateur.  A 
Londres.  MDCCLXXVI." 

Of  course  this  is  not  by  Sterne ;  but' the  volume 
is  at  the  service  of  MR.  FITZPATRICK,  if  he  cares 
for  it.  .  BALL. 


CHARLES  LEIGH  :  SIR  OLTPH  LEIGH.  —  These 
worthy  brethren  appear  not  to  have  obtained  the 
notice  to  which  we  conceive  they  are  justly  en- 
titled, from  their  connection  with  the  early  history 
of  colonisation. 

Charles  Leigh  made  a  voyage  to  Guiana  with  a 
view  to  a  settlement,  and  died  there  March  20, 
1604-5. 

Sir  Oliph,  the  elder  brother,  who  fitted  out  and 
defrayed  the  charges  of  the  expedition,  survived 
till  March  14,  1611-12;  and  was  buried  at  Ad- 
dington,  in  Surrey. 

Information  respecting  them  may  be  obtained 
from  Purchas's  Pilgrims,  ii.  1156,  1250—1262, 
1269 ;  Manning  and  Bray's  Surrey,  i.  76,  n. ;  ii. 
138,  142,  423,  425,  524,  525,  543,  560,  564,  578 ; 
Collect.  Topogr.  and  Geneal.,  v.  169,  173  ;  vii. 
286—290 ;  Topographer  and  Genealogist,  ii.  265  ; 
Hasted's  Kent,  8vo  edit.,  ii.  196,  198  ;  MS.  Addit,, 
12505,  f.  477  ;  Devon's  Excheq.  Issues,  James  /., 


92 ;  Green's  Cal  Dom.  St.  Pap.  Ja.  I.,  i.  24,  127, 
451,  514,  642  ;  ii.  268  ;  Sainsbury's  Cal.  Col.  St. 
Pap.,  5 ;  Cal.  Chan.  Proc.  temp.  Eliz.,  i.  177. 

May  we  take  the  liberty  of  commending  the 
elucidation  of  their  history  to  the  special  attention 
of  the  good  antiquaries  of  the  county  of  Surrey. 
C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

SUBMERGED  HOUSES. — Dio  Cassius  gives  us  an 
interesting  reference  of  this  kind,  amongst  the 
foreboding  signs  of  the  great  insurrection  of  the 
Britons  in  Nero's  time.  He  says :  "  o(x<<u  re 
rives  ev  T§  TajueVa  irora^y  v(j>v$poi  ewptaino."  (Ziphi- 
lin.,  Epit.  Dionis  Cassii,  62.)  H.  C.  C. 

FOLK  LORE. — It  is  a  popular  belief  that  when 
the  white  thorn  bears  an  abundant  crop  of  fruit, 
a  hard  winter  is  indicated,  from  the  notion  of  its 
being  a  provision  for  a  class  of  birds  that  would 
otherwise  be  in  danger  of  starving.  Now,  although 
it  may  be  a  species  of  sacrilege  to  throw  any  doubt 
on  a  belief  that  connects  itself  with  the  idea  of  a 
benevolent  Providence,  truth  compels  me  to  say 
that  the  connection  in  this  instance  is  founded 
more  on  sentiment  than  fact.  In  the  summer  of 
1862  there  was  an  unusual  crop  of  haws  —  the 
bushes  were  loaded  with  them ;  but  the  succeeding 
winter  was  one  of  the  mildest  ever  known  in  this 
island.  So  much  for  the  prognostication  and  its 
fulfilment !  W.  W.  S. 

MORETON-IN-THE-MARSH  AND  KING  CHARLES  I. 
Last  night  (Dec.  12,  1863,)  I  slept  in  a  room  at 
the  "White  Hart  Hotel,"  in  Moreton-in-the- 
Marsh,  Gloucestershire ;  and  this  morning  I 
therein  read  upon  a  card,  yellow  with  age,  and 
torn  around  the  edges,  but  which  has  since  been 
carefully  mounted,  and  is  now  preserved  by  glass 
and  a  gilt  frame,  the  following  lines  and  memo- 
randum :  — 

"  When  friends  were  few,  and  dangers  near, 
King  Charles  found  rest  and  safety  here. 

ZING  CHARLES  IST 

Slept  at  this  Inn  on  his  way 

to  Evesham,  Tuesday,  July  2, 

1644." 

The  ink  is  faded  by  time,  and  the  handwriting  is 
in  that  hard  style  so  fashionable  in  years  gone  by. 
Upon  inquiry  in  the  hotel,  I  found  that  the  bed- 
room bore  the  name  of  King  Charles  I.'s  room, 
and  was  still  the  best  bed-room  in  the  hotel. 

I  have  also  noticed,  in  a  walk  through  Moreton 
this  morning,  painted  upon  a  board  in  front  of 
the  toll  house,  a  Table  of  Tolls,  to  be  levied  under 
a  charter  granted  to  this  town  by  King  Charles  I. 
in  the  thirteenth  year  of  his  reign. 

The  town  has  undergone  but  little  alteration 
since  King  Charles  saw  it.  The  majority  of  the 
houses  have  stone  mullions  to  their  windows,  and 
some  of  the  spandrils  above  the  doorways  are 
very  interesting. 


3rd  S.  IV.  DEC.  26,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


515 


The  toll-house,  now  a  public-house,  is  a  very 
curious  specimen  of  architecture.  The  town  bell 
hangs  in  the  gable,  above  a  species  of  tower. 
From  the  appearance  of  the  door,  which  is  closely 
studded  with  iron  nails,  the  lower  portion  was 
probably  used  for  a  lock-up,  or  cage.  This  tower 
is  fifteenth- century  work. 

ALFRED  JOHN  DUNKIN. 

Dartford. 


BARON-BAILIE  COURTS  IN  SCOTLAND.  —  Will 
any  of  your  correspondents  favour  me  with  in- 
formation as  to  the  constitution  and  jurisdiction 
of  these  Courts,  or  refer  me  to  authorities  on  the 
subject  other  than  Erskine  ?  I  believe  I  am  cor- 
rect in  understanding,  that  they  have  jurisdiction 
in  small  debt  causes  for  sums  not  exceeding  2Z. ; 
and  in  criminal  causes  can  exact  a  fine  not  ex- 
ceeding II. ;  or  sentence  to  imprisonment  for  a 
period  not  exceeding  one  month.  How  many 
such  Courts  are  there  now  existing  and  acting  ? 
And  what  is  the  extent  of  their  criminal  juris- 
diction, or,  rather,  in  what  crimes  have  they 
jurisdiction  ?  G.  S. 

SIR  GEOFFREY  CONGREVE.  —  In  the  Heralds' 
Visitation  of  Staffordshire,  in  1583,  25th  Eliza- 
beth (Harl.  MSS.,  British  Museum),  appear  the 
name  and  arms  of  Sir  Geoffrey  Congreve,  being 
the  same  as  those  of  Congreve  of  Congreve ;  but 
I  cannot  find  this  name  in  any  of  the  pedigrees 
of  this  family  in  the  British  Museum,  or  the 
Heralds'  College.  I  wish  to  know  whose  son  he 
was,  and  what  is  known  of  him  ?  H. 

S.  B.  HASLAM.  — •  I  have  a  few  numbers  of  a 
periodical  issued  occasionally,  in  1825,  by  S.  B. 
Haslam,  minister  of  Zion  Chapel,  Waterloo  Road, 
London,  and  termed  Ziorfs  Banners.  He  also 
published  a  hymn-book.  Any  information  re- 
garding Mr.  Haslam,  his  previous  or  ultimate 
history,  or  that  of  his  publications,  would  oblige. 
He  seems  to  have  been  charged  with  Socinianism. 

DEBIT. 

MAT:  TRI-MILCHI. —  Our  Saxon  forefathers 
•were  in  the  habit  of  applying  this  latter  designa- 
tion to  our  present  month  of  May,  as  is  supposed 
from  their  cows  affording  milk  thrice  a  day  during 
its  continuance.  Is  any  such  phenomenon  dis- 
tinguishable by  our  dairy  farmers  of  the  present 
day?  M.  D. 

EARLY  MARRIAGES.  —  Where  may  I  find  the 
statement  made  or  proved,  that  early  marriages 
have  an  essential  influence  in  maintaining  the 
healthy  moral  tone  and  domestic  purity  of  a 
nation,  of  which  illustrative  examples  are  to  be 
found  in  the  case  of  Ireland,  and  many  parts  of 
America  ?  Proofs  and  illustrations  will  oblige. 

VECTIS. 


OLD  MEDAL. — I  have  an  old  medal,  struck  ap- 
parently in  commemoration  of  the  miracle  of 
turning  water  into  wine.  On  one  side,  the  mar- 
riage supper  is  depicted :  Our  Lord  presiding, 
seated  between  the  bride  and  the  Virgin  Mary  (?), 
the  water-pots  standing  in  the  foreground.  The 
legend  is :  "  z :  CANA  :  i :  GALILEA  .  EI  .  HOCHZEIT  . 

WAR  *  IESUS  .  AUS  .  WASSER  .  MAC  :  WEIN  .  DAR." 

On  the  reverse,  Christ  is  represented  joining 
the  hands  of  the  bride  and  bridegroom,  the  in- 
scription being :  "  GODT  .  DEE  HSTANDT  .  GESTIFT  : 

H.33T*DAHU  :  IH  :  IESUS  .  GESENEN  .  DJGT." 

This  medal  is  of  silver,  larger  than  a  crown 
piece,  but  very  thin. 

Could  you  give  me  any  information  as  to  the 
date  and  occasion  of  its  being  struck  ? 

ABRAM  SMYTHE. 

Trinity  College,  Dublin. 

QUOTATIONS. — Can  any  of  your  correspondents 
inform  me  where  the  quotations — "  Aut  tu  Morus 
aut  nullus ! "  "  Aut  tu  es  Erasmus,  aut  diabo- 
lus," — occur,  and  to  what  they  refer  ?  J.  W.  M. 

PAPER-MAKERS'  TRADE  MARKS.  —  Have  the 
trade  marks  of  the  different  paper-makers  of  by- 
gone ages,  as  they  were  employed  in  the  "  water- 
marks" in  paper,  ever  been  classified  or  identified? 
or,  by  a  knowledge  of  the  water-marks  apart  from 
the  date,  is  it  possible  to  approximate  the  age  of 
a  paper,  and  hence  the  possible  date  of  the  work 
printed  or  written  therein  ?  Hoc. 

SANDERSON. — The  Rev.  Anthony  IsTourse  San- 
derson, Rector  of  Newton  Longueville,  Bucks, 
died  and  was  buried  there  in  1793  or  1794.  I 
shall  be  obliged  by  information  of  the  Christian 
name  and  residence  of  his  father.  R.  W. 

VINCENT  BOURNE.  —  Can  any  correspondent  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  tell  me  whether  the  following  epitaph, 
composed  by  Vincent  Bourne  himself,  is  inscribed 
upon  his  tombstone?  He  was  buried  in  1747  at 
Fulham,*  I  believe,  and  not  in  the  cloisters  at 
Westminster :  — 

"PIETATIS  SUCCEED 

SUMM^EQUE   HUMILITATIS, 

NEC  DEI   CSQUAM  IMMEMOK 

NEC    SUI, 

IN    SILENTIUM  QUOD  AMAVTT 
DESCEND1T 

V.  B." 

The  epitaph  aptly  describes  the  "  secretum  iter, 
et  fallentis  semita  vitas,"  in  which  the  classic  poet 
and  friend  of  Cowper  delighted.  OXONIENSIS. 

WATSON  OF  LOFTHOUSE,  YORKSHIRE. — Is  this 
family  (of  which  there  is  a  pedigree  in  the  British 
Museum,  see  Sims's  Index,)  connected  with  the 
family  of  Bilton  Park,  near  Knaresborough  ?  I 
observe  there  is  a  Lofthouse  Hill,  near  the  latter 
place.  SIGMA  THETA. 

[*  The  following  is  the  entry  in  the  Fulham  Register:  • 
"  1747,  Mr.  Vincent  Bourne,  5  Decr."— ED.] 


516 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


:[3'*S.IV.  DEC.  26, '63. 


PARTY  PATCHES.  — 

"  Ladies  would  have  left  off  patching  on  the  "Whig  or 
Tory  side  of  their  face,  though  Mr.  Addison  had  not  writ- 
ten his  excellent  Spectator." 

Query.  Which  was  the  Whig  and  which  the 
Tory  side  of  the  face  ? 

The  above  extract  is  from  Walpoliana,  p.  31. 
Who  compiled  this  "  little  lounging  miscellany," 
as  it  is  termed  in  the  preface  ?  N.  H.  R. 

[From  the  amusing  paper  on  the  political  patch  by 
Addison  in  The  Spectator,  No.  81,  we  can  simply  conjec- 
ture that  the  Whig  belles  patched  on  the  right,  and  the 
Tories  on  the  left  side  of  their  faces.  He  says,  "  About 
the  middle  of  last  winter  [1710-11]  I  went  to  see  an 
opera  at  the  theatre  in  the  Haymarket,  where  I  could 
not  but  take  notice  of  two  parties  of  very  fine  women, 
that  had  placed  themselves  in  the  opposite  side  boxes, 
and  seemed  dravrn  up  in  a  kind  of  battle  array  one  against 
another.  After  a  short  survey  of  them,  I  found  they  were 
patched  differently ;  the  faces  on  one  hand  being  spotted 
on  the  right  side  of  the  forehead,  and  those  upon  the 
other  on  the  left.  I  quickly  perceived  that  they  cast 
hostile  glances  upon  one  another ;  and  that  their  patches 
were  placed  in  those  different  situations  as  party-signals 
to  distinguish  friends  from  foes.  Upon  inquiry  I  found 
that  the  body  of  Amazons  on  my  right  hand  were  Whigs, 
and  those  on  my  left  Tories."  Another  writer  of  the  day 
describes  the  unpleasant  discovery  made  by  a  lady  at  a 
ball  in  a  nobleman's  house,  who  had  in  her  hurry  placed 
a  patch  on  the  Whig  side  of  her  face  when  she  was  a 

stanch  Tory,  and  wished  so  to  appear. Walpoliana,  in 

2  vols.,  is  by  that  prolific  but  eccentric  writer,  John  Pin- 
kerton.] 

FRANCIS  CHARLES  WEEDON.  —  Poems  by  this 
gentleman  were  recently  published  by  Messrs. 
Longman  &  Co.  It  appears  from  their  Notes  on 
Books  (ii.  394),  that  his  early  death  cut  short  a 
career  of  great  promise.  The  date  of  his  decease 
and  other  particulars  respecting  him  will  be  ac- 
ceptable. S.  Y.  R. 

[Francis  Charles  Weedon  was  educated  at  King's  Col- 
lege, London,  and  for  a  short  period  continued  his  studies 
at  Christ  College,  Cambridge,  which  he  was  compelled  to 
relinquish  through  severe  illness.  When  in  his  eigh- 
teenth year  he  enclosed  a  specimen  of  his  poetry,  with  a 
note,  to  Lord  Macaulay,  soliciting  his  aid  to  get  it  in- 
serted in  some  periodical.  The  piece  sent  was  entitled 
"A  Sketch  of  the  Peloponnesian  War,"  and  it  elicited  a 
reply  couched  in  the  following  flattering  terms :  — 

"Albany,  Nov.  13,1849. 

"Sir, — Yon  can  have  no  difficulty  in  finding  a  maga- 
zine in  which  such  verses  as  those  you  have  sent  me  will 
be  inserted  with  joy  and  gratitude.  I  am,  however, 
unable  to  be  of  any  use  to  you  in  that  way,  as  I  have  no 
connection  with  any  periodical  work  that  admits  poetry, 
nor  do  I  know  the  editor  of  any  such  work.  I  have  the 
honour  to  be,  Sir,  your  most  obedient  servant, 

"T.  B.  MACAULAY." 

Mr.  Weedon  died  of  consumption  at  his  father's  resi- 
dence on  January  10,  1861,  in  the  thirtieth  year  of  his  i 
age.    These  particulars  are  taken  from  a  brief  Memoir  ! 
prefixed  to  the  recentty  published  volume  of  his  Poems.~[  \ 

THOMAS  THROCKMORTON  (3rd  S.  iv.  455.) — Was 
not  the  nephew  of  Sir  Nicholas  Throckmorton,  to 


whom  the  historical  poem  to  which  you  refer  is 
attributed,  Thomas  Throckmorton,  Esquire,  who 
died  March  13,  1613-14,  at.  eighty-one  (Wotton's 
Baronetage,  ii.  362, 363)  ?  He  was  the  eldest  sur- 
viving son  of  Sir  Robert,  Sir  Nicholas's  elder 
brother.  Wotton  states,  that  Sir  Nicholas  left  his 
own  Life  in  verse. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

[Thomas  Throckmorton,  the  author  of  the  Metrical 
Legend,  was  the  nephew  of  Sir  Nicholas,  and  only  sur- 
viving son  and  heir  of  Sir  Robert  Throckmorton.  See 
the  pedigree  of  the  family  in  Dugdale's  Warwickshire, 
ii.  749 ;  Lipscomb's  Bucks,  iv.  399 ;  and  Betham's  Baro- 
netage, i.  486.  The  life  of  Thomas  Throckmorton  was  a 
continued  scene  of  trouble,  on  account  of  his  religious 
principles,  his  estate  being  frequently  under  sequestra- 
tion. He  was  buried  at  Weston  Underwood,  Bucks,  with 
the  following  inscription  on  a  white  marble  tablet :  "  Hie 
jacet  Thomas  Throckmorton,  armiger,  qui  obiit  13  die 
Martii  Anno  Domini  1614,  setatis  suae  81."  It  is  remark- 
able that  Lipscomb  (as  well  as  Wotton)  should  attribute 
this  Metrical  Life  to  Sir  Nicholas  himself,  as  the  five 
stanzas  quoted  from  it  in  his  Bucks,  iv.  400,  are  copied 
from  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  Dec.  1793,  p.  1089, 
where  the  poem  is  stated  to  be  by  Thomas  Throck- 
morton.] 

RICHARD  LASSELS,  GENT. — Will  one  of  your 
correspondents  be  so  kind  as  to  tell  me  who  he 
was  ?  The  Voyage  of  Italy,  Sfc.,  a  posthumous 
publication  under  the  editorship  of  his  friend 
S.  Wilson,  printed  in  Paris  in  1670,  is  a  quaint, 
witty,  and  learned  volume.  He  had  travelled 
much  "  as  tutor  to  several  of  the  English  nobility 
and  gentry;"  to  on»  of  whom,  Richard,  Lord 
Lumley,  Viscount  Waterford,  the  very  amusing 
volume  is  dedicated.  He  was,  I  believe,  a  Roman 
Catholic.  Was  he  of  the  Nottinghamshire  Las- 
sels  ?  R.  C.  H.  HOTCHKIN. 

Thimbleby  Rectory,  Horncastle. 

[Richard  Lassels  was  born  at  Brokenborough,  co.  York ; 
resided  for  a  short  time  in  the  University  of  Oxford ;  ad- 
mitted student  in  the  English  College  at  Doway,  Septem- 
ber 6, 1623,  and  ordained  priest  on  March  6/1632.  He 
much  delighted  in  seeing  foreign  countries,  and  travelled 
through  Italy  five  times  as  tutor  to  several  of  the  English 
nobility.  He  died  at  Montpellier  in  France  in  Septem- 
ber, 1668,  and  was  buried  in  the  church  of  the  barefooted 
Carmelites  in  the  suburb  of  that  city.  There  is  a  second 
edition  of  his  Italian  Voyage  with  large  Additions  by  a 
Modern  Hand,  8vo,  1698 ;  and  an  unpublished  MS.  by 
him  in  the  British  Museum  (Add.  MS.  4217),  entitled 
"  An  Account  of  the  Journey  of  Lady  Catherine  Whete- 
nall  from  Brussels  to  Italy  in  1650."  Consult  for  other 
particulars  of  him  Dodd's  Church  History,  fol.  edition,  iii. 
304;  and  Wood's  Athena;,  by  Bliss,  iii.  818.] 

JOSEPH  WASHINGTON,  of  the  Middle  Temple, 
Esq.,  had  an  elegy  written  upon  him  by  Nahurn 
Tate,  in  1694.  I  should  be  glad  to  learn  who  he 
was  ?  C.  J.  R. 

[Joseph  Washington  was  the  son  of  Robert  Washing- 
ton, for  some  time  a  merchant  at  Rotterdam.  Joseph  was 
a  lawyer  of  Gray's  Inn,  and  occasionally  resided  at  Car 
House",  near  Doncaster.  He  was  a  great  friend  of  Lord 


S.  IV.  DEC.  26,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


517 


Somers,  and  author  of  various  pieces,  An  Abridgement  of 
the  Statutes,  1689,  8vo;  Observations  on  the  Ecclesiastical 
Jurisdiction  of  the  Kings  of  England,  1689,  &c.  He  died 
February  26,  1693,  and  .is'buried  in  the  Temple  Church. 
By  his  wife  Ursula,  daughter  of  John  Rawson  of  Pick- 
burn,  he  had  a  daughter  Mar}%  baptised  at  Doncaster, 
1683 ;  and  John,  baptised  at  Doucaster,  1686.  For  the 
pedigree  of  his  family,  see  Hunter's  South  Yorkshire,  i. 
353.  A  translation  of  Milton's  Defensio  by  a  Washing- 
ton, is  supposed  to  be  by  this  Joseph,  though  Warton  says 
by  Richard  Washington  of  the  Middle  Temple.  Vide 
"N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  i.  164;  vi.  602.] 


THE  MONOGRAM  OF  CONSTANTINE. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  403.) 

A  correspondent,  H.  "W.,  considers  it  "very 
evident"  from  Lactantius,  that  "it  was  not  the 
sign  of  the  cross,  but  the  symbol  of  the  name  of 
Christ  that  was  seen  by  Constantine;"  adding, 
too  much  in  the  style  of  the  infidel  Gibbon,  "  if 
indeed  there  was  a  celestial  vision  at  all."  Euse- 
bius  describes  the  apparition,  and  declares  that 
the  Emperor  Constantine  himself  related  it  to 
him,  and  confirmed  it  with  a  solemn  oath  :  Spicois 
re  irurraxraufvov  Tbv  \6yov;  after  which  he  asks, 
who  shall  hesitate  to  believe  it  ?  n'c  &v  a/j.<pi&d\ot 
/u^  oi>xl  vurrtvffaa.  T$  oi^yfinari ;  and  more  especially 
as  the  time  since  elapsed  has  afforded  additional  tes- 
timony in  confirmation  of  the  narrative :  pd\tffOJ  ore 
Kal  6  /j.era  ravra  xp6vos  oAr/flr)  T<£  \oytf  irapeVxe  fty 
papTvpiav.  Eusebius  then  relates  that  Constantine 
saw  one  day  a  little  after  noon,  with  his  own  eyes, 
a  luminous  cross  in  the  sky  above  the  sun,  with  this 
inscription  :  By  this  conquer.  Avro7s  o<pQu.\fj.o?s 
l5e?t>  €<pT]  fv  aiiTCf  ovpavw  virepKfifnevov  TOV  ifrlov  ffTav- 
pov Tpoiraiov,  IK  (fxarbs  ffwiffTafJ-evov,  ypa<p^)V  TI  avTcp 
<rvvr)(j)da.i,  \4yov(rav,  TOi'rry  viita.  He  adds  that  it  was 
seen  also  by  all  his  soldiers,  who  were  astonished 
at  the  wonderful  occurrence. 

Eusebius  carefully  distinguishes  this  appearance 
of  the  luminous  cross  in  the  day,  from  the  vision 
in  which  Christ  himself  appeared  to  Constantine 
the  night  following.  He  distinctly  says  that  our 
Saviour  appeared  to  him  in  his  sleep  with  that  same 
sign  which  had  been  shown  to  him  in  the  sky : 
ffvv  Ty  cpavevTi  KOT'  ovpavbv  ffrjudif  b^>Qfjva.i  re  r  and 
commanded  him  to  make  a  military  standard  like 
that  sign,  and  use  it  in  battle  as  a  salutary  protec- 
tion, iJ.tfj.fjfj.a  Troiriffd/j-epov  TOV  ICOT'  ovpavbv  bcjiQevTOS  ffrj- 
fj.dov,  K.  T.  \.  He  then  tells  us  that  the  emperor 
rose  early  the  next  morning,  and  disclosed  the 
vision  to  his  friends,  and  then  assembling  his 
goldsmiths  and  jewellers,  he  seated  himself  in  the 
midst  of  them,  and  described  to  them  the  form  of 
the  sign  :  Kal  rod  an^fiov  T^V  fludva  </>paJ"e<,  ordering 
them  to  make  the  likeness  of  it  in  gold  and  pre- 
cious stones. 

Next,  Eusebius  describes  what  they  did  make 


by  the  emperor's  command  :  a  long  staff  covered 
with  gold,  having  a  transverse  piece,  I'M  the  form 
of  a,  cross  :  Kfpas  etX€I/  *7Xc'P<rtoI/>  ffTavpov  ffx^if^-aTi 
ireiroLr)/j.ej>ov  :  that  on  the  top  of  the  staff*  was  a 
crown,  or  wreath,  of  gold  and  jewels,  surrounding 


the  well-known  monogram 


From  this   de" 


scription  of  Eusebius,  it  is  evident  that  the  inten- 
tion of  the  emperor  was  to  represent  the  sign  of 
the  cross.  He  did  this  first,  by  the  cross-staff  of 
the  standard;  and,  secondly,  >by  the  cruciform 
letter  X  of  the  monogram.  That  this  was  meant 
as  a  representation  of  the  cross  is  clear  from  the 
words  which  he  uses  further  on,  where,  describing 
the  situation  of  the  figures  of  the  emperor  and 
his  two  sons  on  the  banner  of  the  labarum,  he 
expressly  tells  us,  that  they  were  on  the  uppe^r 
part  of  the  veil,  immediately  under  the  sign  of  tKe 

Cross  :  av<a  (J.f7  4<apov  {nrb  tea  TOV  ffTavpov  TpOTraica. 

It  is,  moreover,  abundantly  evident  from  the 
repeated  mention  of  the  sign  of  the  cross  in  the 
Oration  of  the  same  Eusebius,  De  laudibus  Con- 
stantini,  that  the  symbol  intended  to  be  repre- 
sented was  always  understood  and  spoken  of  as 
that  of  the  cross.  Thus  he  informs  us  that  Con- 
stantine, in  his  gratitude  to  God,  who  had  been 
the  author  of  his  victory,  did,  both  by  voice  and  by 
public  monuments,  proclaim  to  all  men  the  trium- 
phal sign  :  Tb  viKoiroibv  ari^fiov.  And  that  by  this 
was  meant  the  sign  of  the  cross  is  clear  from  the 
words  of  Eusebius,  who  goes  on  for  a  long  time 
proclaiming  the  power  of  that  sacred  sign,  calling 
it  in  places  also  the  saving  sign  :  ffarrfipitp  arnj.etcf>  ; 
and  from  his  account  in  the  Life  of  Constantine, 
book  i.  chap,  xl.,  of  the  statue  of  the  emperor 
erected  in  the  centre  of  Rome  itself,  bearing  a 
tall  staff  in  the  form  of  a  cross,  avriica  8'  ovv  v^n\\>v 
Sopv  ffTavpov  ffx.-tifj.aTi  virb  xf^Pa  *5/as  e<K(Ws,  in  refer- 
ence to  which  he  uses  the  very  same  expression, 
saying  that  thereby  Constantine  proclaimed  to  all 
men  the  saving  sign,  Tb  ffaiT>ipiov  ffti/j.e'iov. 

We  have  then  the  plain  declaration  of  the  his- 
torian Eusebius,  whose  informant  was  Constantine 
himself,  that  a  luminous  cross  was  seen  in  the 
heavens  in  broad  daylight,  above  the  sun,  and  not 
only  by  himself  but  by  all  his  soldiers,  most  of 
whom,  probably,  were  pagans  ;  and  yet  H.  W. 
appears  to  doubt  "  if  there  was  a  celestial  vision 
at  all"  !  But  he  thinks  to  disprove  the  assertion 
of  Eusebius  by  a  passage  from  Lactantius,  who 
speaks  only  of  one  of  the  visions  with  which  the 
emperor  was  favoured,  that  of  the  following  night. 
The  words  of  Lactantius,  however,  prove  nothing 
against  the  testimony  of  Eusebius.  Lactantius 
states  that  Constantine  was  warned  in  a  dream  to 
mark  the  celestial  sign  of  God  upon  the  shields  of 
his  soldiers,  evidently  alluding  to  the  sign  which  he 
had  seen  in  the  heavens.  He  did  so  by  the  well- 

known  monogram     T,  using,  as  Lactantius  ex- 


518 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[8'"  S.  IV.  DEC.  26,  '63. 


pressly  says,  the  "  transverse  letter  "  or  cross  letter 
X,  by  which  was  represented  the  cross,  and  adding 
to  it  the  P  to  make  it  symbolize  also  the  name 
of  Christ.  Really,  if  so  clear  and  credible  a  testi- 
mony as  that  of  Eusebius  is  to  be  thus  unceremo- 
niously called  in  question,  no  historical  record 
will  be  secure  from  scepticism.  F.  C.  H. 


WORKHOUSE  AT  AMSTERDAM. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  371.) 

The  statement  in  Mr.  G.  A.  Sala's  novel  of 
Captain  John  Dangerous  is  copied  verbatim  from 
Carr's  Tour  in  Holland,  published  in  4to  in  1807. 
Sir  John  Carr  visited  the  workhouse  at  Amster- 
dam in  1806,  and  gives  a  detailed  description  of 
the  establishment.  He  was  not  permitted  to  visit 
that  part  of  the  building  in  which  the  young 
ladies  were  confined,  as  he  states  that  strangers 
were  never  allowed  to  see  them,  but  he  derived 
his  information  on  the  spot  from  the  authorities  of 
the  workhouse,  and  there  can  be  no  reason  to 
doubt  it.  Other  travellers  have  confirmed  his  ac- 
count. Vide  Sir  John  Carr's  Tour  in  Holland  in 
1806,  p.  300. 

These  rigorous  modes  of  discipline,  which  startle 
our  sensitive  feelings  now,  seem  to  have  been 
prevalent  in  many  parts  of  the  continent  formerly, 
and  perhaps  are  not  entirely  obsolete. 

The  Rev.  Joseph  Townsend,  an  author  of  high 
reputation,  whose  journey  through  Spain  in  1786 
ranks  among  the  best  standard  works  on  that 
country,  has  the  following  curious  account  of  a 
house  of  correction  at  Barcelona  very  similar  to 
the  workhouse  at  Amsterdam :  — 

"  There  is  one  House  of  Correction  at  Barcelona,  which 
is  too  remarkable  to  be  passed  over  in  silence.  It  em- 
braces two  objects;  the  first,  the  reformation  of  prosti- 
tutes and  female  thieves ;  the  second,  the  correction  of 
women  who  fail  in  their  obligation  to  their  husbands,  &c., 
who  either  neglect  or  disgrace  their  families.  The  house 
for  these  purposes  is  divided  into  distinct  portions,  with- 
out any  communication  between  them ;  the  one  is  called 
Real  Casa  de  Galera ;  the  other  Real  Casa  de  Correc- 
cion. 

"  The  ladies  who  deserve  more  severe  correction  than 
their  husbands,  fathers,  or  other  relatives  can  properly 
administer,  are  confined  by  the  magistrates  for  a  term 
proportionate  to  their  offences  in  this  royal  mansion,  or 
Casa  Real  de  Correccion. 

"  The  relation  at  whose  suit  the}'  are  taken  into  cus- 
tody pays  three  sueldos,  or  fourpence-halfpenny,  a  dav  for 
their  maintenance,  and  with  this  scanty  provision  they 
must  be  contented.  Here  they  are  compelled  to  work, 
and  the  produce  of  their  labour  is  deposited  for  them  till 
the  time  of  their  confinement  is  expired. 

"The  whole  building  will  contain  five  hundred  women, 
but  at  present  there  are  only  one  hundred  and  thirteen. 
Among  these  are  some  ladies  of  condition,  who  are  sup- 
posed to  be  visiting  some  distant  friends. 

"  Here  they  receive  bodily  correction  when  it  is  judged 
necessary  for  their  reformation.  The  establishment  is 


under  the  direction  and  government  of  the  Regents  de  la 
Audiencia,  the  two  senior  criminal  judges,  with  the  Al- 
cayde,  and  his  attendants.  One  of  these  judges  con- 
ducted me  through  the  several  apartments,  and  from  him 
I  received  my  information.  Among  other  particulars  he 
told  me  that  they  had  then  under  discipline  a  lady  o£ 
fashion  accused  of  drunkenness,  and  of  being  imprudent 
in  her  conduct.  As  she  was  a  widow,  the  party  accusing 

was  her  brother-in-law,  the  Marquis  of .   The  judges 

of  this  court  are  universally  acknowledged  to  be  men  of 
probity,  and  worthy  of  the  high  degree  of  confidence  thus 
placed  in  them."  —  Townsend's  Journey  through  Spain, 
1786,  vol.  i.  p.  126. 

It  is  rather  remarkable  that  Mr.  Townsend,  a 
grave  and  intelligent  traveller,  expresses  no  dis- 
approbation of  this  institution,  but  rather  speaks 
of  it  with  respect,  and  even  indulges  in  a  little 
quiet  irony  at  the  expense  of  the  fair  offenders 
who  are  undergoing  its  sharp  discipline.  C.  M. 


O'REILLY  AT  ALGIERS :    CARTHAGENA. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  432.) 

Your  correspondent  P.  O.  refers  to  a  former 
reply  concerning  Carthagena,  in  South  America, 
as  suggesting  to  him  an  inquiry  regarding  a 
Spanish  expedition  against  Algiers,  that,  in  1775, 
sailed  from  Carthagena,  the  swampy  town  and 
excellent  harbour  on  the  Spanish  coast  of  the 
Mediterranean . 

«  The  Spanish  General,  Count  O'Reilly, 
That  Byron's  Julia  treated  vilely," 

was,  as  may  by  inferred  from  his  patronymic,  a 
gentleman  of  Milesian  extraction  in  the  Spanish 
service.  It  would  be  easy  to  multiply  examples 
to  show  that,  where  there  is  a  fair  prospect  of 
fighting,  towards  that  place  Irishmen  gravitate. 
General  O'Donnell  occupies  a  prominent  place  in 
later  Spanish  history :  to  descend  in  the  scale,  we 
have  Meagher  of  the  Sword,  a  Federal  American 
Brigadier,  about  the  sole  survivor  of  his  late  Irish 
Brigade  —  "  it's  a  sore  fight  when  all  are  slain ; " 
and  the  other  day  there  was  the  Pope's  Irish  Brigade, 
that,  by  reason  of  its  own  fiery  spirit,  was  con- 
sumed by  a  spontaneous  combustion.  It  was  led, 
if  I  mistake  not,  by  another  O'Reilly.  The  Gene- 
ral Count  O'Reilly,  it  appears,  was  a  favourite  of 
the  Spanish  court,  but  for  long  he  had  been  very 
unpopular.  He  was  governor  of  Madrid ;  and 
after  his  unfortunate  Algerine  expedition  he  was 
removed  to  the  government  of  Andalusia,  because 
he  was  so  odious  to  the  people  of  Madrid  that 
they  threatened  vengeance  upon  his  person.  The 
Spaniards  attacked  the  Algerines  ;  for  these  infi- 
dels, being  about  as  tolerant  as  their  Christian 
neighbours,  had  assailed  the  Spanish  African  set- 
tlements with  a  view  to  turn  all  Christians  out  of 
the  Algerine  coast.  The  Spanish  expeditionary 
force  consisted  of  fifty-one  ships  of  war,  well  found, 
carrying  some  28,000  land  troops,  and  a  powerful 


3*d  S.  IV.  DEC.  26,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


519 


artillery.  Don  Pedro  de  Castigon  was  the  ad- 
miral ;  by  favour  more  than  from  merit,  Count 
O'Reilly  was  generalissimo.  After  the  dissensions 
usual  amongst  chiefs  on  such  occasions,  the 
Spaniards  landed  July  8,  1775,  and  were  warmly 
received  by  the  determined  Algerines.  Enthu- 
siasm, according  to  Sir  Charles  Napier,  always 
runs  away.  The  Spanish  troops  that  first  landed 
were  enthusiastic,  and  so  the  head  rushed  into 
action  long  before  the  tail  was  ashore.  After 
some  fighting  —  it  has  been  said  thirteen  hours(?) 
— the  determination  of  these  barbarian  infidels  so 
put  about  the  troops  of  his  Catholic  Majesty,  that 
they  broke,  and  under  cover  of  the  guns  of  the 
fleet,  re-embarked.  They  left  behind  some  800 
slain,  and  a  considerable  portion*  of  their  2000 
wounded  ;  all  that  fell  into  their  hands  the  Alge- 
rines massacred.  A  certain  General  Vaughan 
was  there.  Is  he  the  English  baronet  referred  to 
by  P.  O.  in  his  query  ?  I  find  Robert  Howell 
Vaughan,  Esq.,  was  created  a  baronet  just  six- 
teen years  after  the  period  in  question.  It  is  pos- 
sible the  general  and  the  new  baronet  may  be  the 
same.  The  baronetcy  still  exists. 

General  Vaughan  wanted  the  Spaniards  to  fight 
again  next  day,  but  they  had  no  stomach  for  it ; 
so  they  held  a  council  of  war,  and,  proverbially, 
councils  of  war  never  fight.  Thus  I  have  endea- 
voured to  show  why  it  is  that  historically  Don 
Juan's  Donna  Julia  was  wrong  when  she  asked  — 

"  Is  it  for  this  that  General  Count  O'Reilly, 
WHO  TOOK  ALGIERS,  declares  I  used  him  vilely  ?  " 

c. 

This  Spanish  expedition  under  the  command 
of  Gen.  Count  Alexander  O'Reilly,  and  Don 
Riccardos,  Anglice,  Sir  Philip  Richards,  Bart., 
of  Brambletye  House,  sailed  full  of  enthusiasm 
and  hope  from  the  port  of  Carthagena  in  1775,  to 
humiliate,  if  not  to  conquer,  that  nest  of  pirates, 
Algiers.  The  expedition  consisted  of  19,820  foot 
and  1,368  horse,  with  47  king's  ships,  of  different 
rates,  and  346  transports.  The  affair  was  a  pet 
project  with  the  Spanish  people  and  their  King, 
Charles  III.  On  June  15,  1775,  the  procession 
of  Corpus  Christi  passed  along  the  mole  of  Car- 
thagena, and  the  fleet  received  a  solemn  benedic- 
tion, and  saluted  the  Host  with  a  triple  discharge 
of  all  their  artillery.  Three  weeks  after,  the 
fleet  departed  from  the  harbour  in  proud  array, 
amid  the  cheers  of  thousands  —  a  goodly  sight. 
Alas !  that  so  showy  an  undertaking  should  end 
in  such  utter  vexation. 

Donna  Julia,  in  Lord  Byron's  Don  Juan,  when 
naming  to  her  husband  the  admirers  she  had  for 
his  sake  slighted,  says,  — 

"  Is  it  for  this  that  General  Count  O'Reilly, 
Who  took  Algiers,  declares  I  used  him  vilely?  " 

"  Donna  Julia,"  observes  Lord  Byron  in  a  note,  "  here 
made  a  mistake.  Count  O'Reilly  did  not  take  Algiers — 


but  Algiers  very  nearly  took  him :  he  and  his  army  and 
fleet  retreated  with  great  loss  and  not  much  credit  from, 
before  that  city  in  1775." 

The  result  was,  indeed,  pretty  near  as  Lord 
Byron  mentions,  fors  I'honneur.  Whether  it  was, 
as  some  would  have  it,  that  the  Spaniards  out  of 
jealousy  at  being  led  by  two  foreigners,  did  not 
at  first  act  with  the  energy  they  ought  to  have 
done,  or  whether  the  force  of  the  enemy  was  far 
beyond  what  was  anticipated,  the  expedition  made 
little  progress  after  landing  on  the  Algerine  ter- 
ritory, and  was  soon  opposed  by  an  overwhelming 
number  of  Moors  and  Turks  led  by  Beys,  the 
Bey  of  Constantino  alone  bringing  to  bear  15,000 
well  horsed  and  well  armed  cavalry.  The  gal- 
lantry of  O'Reilly  and  Richards  and  the  never- 
failing  chivalry  of  Spain  did  wonders  against  the 
odds ;  the  enemy  became  twenty  to  one,  yet  the 
ground  to  the  sea  was  fought  inch  by  inch,  and 
the  last  battle,  in  which  the  Dey's  forces  were 
repulsed  so  as  to  enable  the  Spaniards  to  re- 
embark,  cost  the  latter  4000  men.  Once  again  on 
board,  the  expedition  sailed  for  Spain,  and  ar- 
rived quite  chap-fallen  at  Barcelona,  Aug.  20, 
1775,  leaving  Algiers  to  the  future  more  effective 
attack  of  Lord  Exmouth,  and  the  final  stroke  of 
France,  when  the  conquest'.of  the  piratical  strong- 
hold was  the  only  great  act  the  French  allowed 
poor  Charles  X.  —  a  really  good  and  gallant 
monarch  —  to  accomplish.  The  people  of  Spain 
were  furious  at  O'Reilly's  discomfiture,  but  wise 
King  Charles  III.  saw  how  the  whole  had  oc- 
curred, and  bore  the  disappointment  meekly. 
Nor  did  he  cease  to  retain  in  his  good  graces  both 
O'Reilly  and  Richards,  and  to  continue  their  pro- 
motion. I  must  add  a  word  about  each  of  them 
before  I  conclude.  Count  Alexander  O'Reilly 
was  a  cadet  of  the  highly  respectable  Irish  family 
of  O'Reilly  of  Baltrasna,  co.  Meath.  He  was 
born  in  1722,  and  entered  the  Spanish  service  as 
a  sub-lieutenant  in  the  regiment  of  Hibernia. 
He  went,  with  leave  of  Spain,  for  a  short  time 
into  the  French  army  in  Germany.  On  his  re- 
turn, he  rose  very  high  in  the  Spanish  army, 
under  the  marked  favour  of  Charles  III.  He 
was  a  Lieut.-Gen.  and  a  Count  at  the  time  of  the 
unfortunate  expedition  from  Carthagena,  and  he 
died  in  1794,  a  Generalissimo,  Commander  of  the 
Order  of  Calatrava,  and  a  Grandee  of  Spain  of 
the  first  class.  His  grandson,  Don  Manuel,  is 
now  Duke  of  Baylen,  and  his  great-grand-nephew 
is  the  present  Anthony  O'Reilly,  Esq.,  of  Bal- 
trasna, J.  P.  and  D.I.  (See  Burke's  Landed 
Gentry.) 

Of  Don  Riccardos,  otherwise  Sir  Philip 
Richards,  fourth  Bart,  of  Brambletye  House — a 
place  made  famous  by  Horace  Smith's  romance— 
the  history  is  rather  obscure.  The  Richards, 
originally  a  foreign  family,  succeeded  the  Comp- 
tons  at  Brambletye ;  of  whom  and  of  the  place 


520 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IV.  DEC.  2G,  '63. 


the  learned  Mr.  John  Timbs,  F.S.A.,  gives  a 
charming  account  in  his  pleasant  volume  Some- 
thing for  Everybody.  Sir  James  Richards,  of 
Brambletye,  was  created  a  baronet  by  Charles  II. 
in  1684,  and  his  fourth  son,  Sir  Philip  Richards, 
fourth  Bart.,  was  the  companion  in  arms  of 
O'Reilly  in  the  Algerine  expedition.  He  was  a 
general  in  the  ^Spanish  service,  and  married  a 
daughter  of  the  Duke  of  Montemar,  Spanish 
commander-in-chief ;  but  when  he  died  is  not 
recorded,  nor  is  it  known  whether  or  not  he  left 
issue.  Burke's  Extinct  Baronetage  reports  the 
Baronetcy  dormant,  and  possibly  there  may  now 
be  some  Spaniard  fully  entitled  to  the  old  baro- 
netcy of  romantic  Brambletye  House.  A. 


COWTHORPE  OAK. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  69,  119,  318,432.) 

In  reply  to  the  query  of  T.  M.  B.,  November  28, 
perhaps  the  following  further  particulars  may  be 
of  interest  and  of  service  to  those  wishing  to  com- 
pare its  proportions  with  other  large  trees.  The 
circumference  at  five  feet  from  the  ground  is  36  ft. 
3  in.  measured  from  the  present  level,  which  is  not 
its  natural  base.  About  eighty  years  ago  a  fence 
was  placed  round  the  tree  as  a  protection,  which, 
being  found  to  interfere  with  its  vigour,  was 
afterwards  removed ;  a  quantity  of  earth,  taken 
from  a  trench  about  ten  yards  from  the  roots,  was 
heaped  around  the  foot  and  in  the  hollow :  after 
this  the  oak  recovered,  and  throve  as  usual.  The 
position  of  this  fence  may  be  distinctly  traced,  as 
well  as  the  elevation  of  the  adjacent  ground.  Pre- 
vious to  this  the  circumference  close  to  the  ground 
was  78  ft.,  at  one  yard  from  the  ground,  48  ft. ;  the 
present  corresponding  dimensions  are  60ft.  and 
45  ft.  The  following  are  the  present  propor- 
tions : — Circumference  close  to  the  ground,  60  ft. ; 
12  in.  from  the  ground,  56ft.;  3  ft.  from  the 
ground,  45  ft. ;  4  ft.  from  the  ground,  38  ft.  6  in. ; 
5  ft.  from  the  ground,  36  ft.  3  in. ;  8  ft.  6  in.  from 
the  ground,  34  ft.  6  in. ;  extent  of  principal  branch, 
50  ft.  6  in. ;  girth  of  the  branch  close  to  the  trunk, 
10  ft. ;  three  feet  from  the  trunk,  8  ft.  4  in. ;  9  ft. 
from  the  trunk,  6ft.  9  in. ;  17ft.  from  trunk  to 
minor  branches,  5  ft.  3  in. ;  height  of  tree,  includ- 
ing decayed  wood,  43  ft. ;  height  of  tree  having 
vigorous  wood,  33  ft.  6  in. ;  extent  of  secono*  prin- 
cipal branch,  30  ft. ;  girth  of  stem  8  ft.  from  the 
trunk  to  minor  branches,  5  ft. ;  diameter  of  the 
hollow  close  to  ground,  11  ft. ;  average  of  the 
hollow  8  ft.  from  ground,  7  ft.  8  in. ;  average  of 
hollow  12  ft.  from  ground,  7  ft. ;  cubic  contents  of 
the  hollow,  855  ft. ;  estimated  quantity  of  timber, 
73  tons,  or  2,800  cubic  feet ;  estimated  age  (Pro- 
fessor Burnett),  1600  years.  The  circumference 
of  the  largest  branch,  close  to  the  trunk,  was  about 


16ft.,  this  fell  during  a  storm  in  1718;  it  ex- 
tended 90  ft.  from  the  trunk,  and  contained  a 
little  over  five  tons  of  timber.  In  1772  another 
large  branch  fell,  80  ft.  in  length,  with  almost  five 
tons  of  wood.  The  leading  or  top  branch  fell 
about  180  years  ago  ;  the  manner  of  its  fall  is 
known,  and  is  remarkable :  the  main  trunk  being 
hollow,  the  perpendicular  shaft  slipped  down, 
wedged  itself  inside,  and  could  not  be  removed ; 
probably  it  would  strengthen  the  body  of  the  tree. 
In  1776  the  height  of  the  tree  was  85  ft.  The 
principal  branches  are  supported  by  wooden  props, 
and  measures  for  its  preservation  seem  to  have 
been  taken  by  the  last  three  proprietors.  R.  Foun- 
tayne  Wilson,  Esq.,  of  Ingmanthorpe  and  Melton, 
near  Doncaster,  bought  the  estate  of  the  Hon.  E. 
Petre,  of  Stapleton,  near  Pontefract,  and  his  son, 
the  present  proprietor,  took  the  name  of  Mon- 
tague. Mr.  Petre  cut  up  one  of  the  large  fallen 
branches  for  dining  tables ;  all  portions  have  since 
been  carefully  preserved  and  furniture  made  from 
them.  The  soil  on  which  the  oak  stands  is  a  deep 
rich  light  loam,  resting  on  fine  clay.  Within  a 
mile  of  Cowthorpe,  in  the  grounds  at  Ribstone 
Hall,  grew  the  first  apple  tree  afterwards  cele- 
brated by  the  name  of  Ribstone  pippin.  All  the 
principal  writers  on  remarkable  trees,  Hunter's 
Evelyn's  Sylva,  Strutt,  W.  Gilpin  in  his  Forest 
Scenery,  edited  by  Sir  Thos.  Dick  Lauder,  Loudon, 
and  others,  agree  in  pronouncing  the  Cowthorpe 
oak  by  far  the  largest  in  the  country.  An  account 
of  remarkable  oak  and  other  trees  would  form  an 
interesting  paper,  and  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  a 
valuable  repository  of  information  respecting  these 
fast-decaying  magnates.*  H.  L. 

A  paper  in  that  useful  periodical,  The  Mirror, 
No.  701,  for  January  10, 1835,  concluded  a  very  in- 
teresting account  of  the  Cowthorpe  Oak,  by  stat- 
ing its  circumference  at  that  date  to  be  twenty-two 
yards,  and  that  its  principal  limb  extended  forty- 
eight  feet  from  the  bole.  F.  C.  H. 


THE  FIRST  BOOK  PRINTED  IN  BIRMINGHAM. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  388.) 

Since  my  communication  of  the  title  of  the 
Loyal  Oration  with  a  few  particulars  of  its  author, 
the  Rev.  James  Parkinson,  I  have  been  made 
acquainted,  through  the  kindness  of  a  reader  of 
"N.  &  Q."  whom  I  take  this  opportunity  of 
thanking,  with  another  of  these  "  Orations  "  de- 
livered in  old  times,  on  certain  occasions,  by  the 
masters  or  students  of  King  Edward's  School  in 
Birmingham.  The  one  in  question  appears  to 
have  been  spoken  by  the  son  of  the  "  chief  mas- 
ter," and  we  may  gather  from  its  title  that  the 

[*  Vide  the  General  Indexes  to  our  First  and  Second 
Series,  art.  "  Oaks." — ED.] 


S*d  S.  IV.  DEC.  26,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


521 


boy  had  imbibed  the  "  loyal "  sentiments  of  his 
father.     It  is  as  foll»ws  :  — 

"  A  Panegyric  on  Our  Late  most  Gracious  Sovereign, 
King  William  of  Glorious  and  Immortal  Memory,  as  also 
on  His  Present  Majesty,  Our  no  less  Gracious  Sovereign, 
King  George.  Spoken  by  James  Parkinson,  one  of  the 
Scholars  of  BIRMINGHAM  School,  December  10, 1715,  being 
the  Day  of  their  Breaking-up ;  and  published  at  the  De- 
sire of  some  Gentlemen  that  heard  it.  London :  Printed 
for  J.  Roberts,  near  the  Oxford  Arms,  in  Warwick  Lane, 
4to,  1715.  Price  3d.,  pp.  22." 

This  rare  pamphlet  is  of  the  greater  interest, 
as,  although  of  such  slender  dimensions,  and  only 
one  year  earlier  in  date  than  the  Loyal  Oration, 
the  title-page  will  be  held  to  imply  that  it  was 
printed  in  London,  and  thus  to  substantiate  the 
belief  that  the  later  work  is  actually  the  "first 
book  printed  in  Birmingham." 

An  old  custom  of  this  school  was  the  delivery  of 
public  orations  by  the  boys  at  the  "  Old  Cross " 
on  the  5th  of  November,  and  the  recitation  of  ori- 
ginal compositions  on  "  breaking-up  day."  The 
following  entries,  excerpted  from  the  school  ac- 
counts, illustrate  this :  — 

s.   d. 
1656.  Paid  to  the  Schollers  for  their  orations  at 

the  Crosse  -  -  -      4    0 

„     Paid  to  the  Schollers  for  orations  in  the 

Schoole  -  -  -  -  -      3    6 

„     Paid  for  an  houre-glasse    -  -  -      0    8 

1664.  Paid  for  setting  up  a  scaffold  at  the  Crosse      1    G 
1669.  Setting  up  the  Scholar's  stage,  is  an  item  in 

the  Carpenter's  Bill. 

1671.  Nov.  5.  Gave  the  Schollars  for  saying  ora- 
tions on  the  stage  -  -  -50 

„     Dec.  10.  Gave  the  Schollars  for  saying  ora- 
tions iu  the  schoole        -  -  -     12     0 
1684.  To  the  Gentlemen  who  declaymed  on  the 

10th  December  -  -  -    10    0 

These  public  orations  at  the  "  Market  Cross  " 
were  discontinued  at,  or  soon  after,  the  year  1700. 

Another  early  local  book  is  the  tract  by  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Allestree,  Rector  of  Ashow,  The  Funeral 
Handkerchief,  and  Sermons  on  Loss  of  Friends, 
8vo,  Birmingham,  1728.  WILLIAM  BATES. 

Edgbaston. 


throw  light  on  the  subject.  Pliny  (vi.  32,  19  ed., 
Lemaire)  says  of  the  Arabians, "  Barba  abraditur, 
prasterquam  in  superiore  labro."  What  do  the 
|  Arabians  at  present  call  the  mustache  ?  Do  they 
j  still  continue  the  custom  alluded  to  by  Pliny  ? 
|  This  is  the  only  allusion  to  the  custom  which  I 
can  recollect  in  the  Latin  writers.  As  a  cognate 
subject,  you  may  allow  me  to  inquire,  if  it  is  known 
when  and  from  what  the  tuft  on  the  chin  was 
called  an  "imperial"?  The  Roman  youth  seem 
to  have  indulged  irt  this  foppery  as  well  as  the 
young  of  our  own  day.  It  is  curious  that  the 
tuft-hunters  of  ancient  and  modern  times  should 
have  their  appellation  derived,  to  a  certain  extent, 
from  the  same  idea.  Those  of  modern  times, 
hangers-on  of  noblemen  in  English  universities, 
derive  their  names,  I  believe,  from  the  tuft  in  the 
cap  of  the  noblemen ;  and,  in  ancient  times,  it 
was  the  tuft  on  their  own  chin  that  gave  them  the 
appellation.  They  were  called  "  Barbatuli."  In 
Cicero  (Ep.  ad  Att.  i.  14),  he  calls  them  "  Barba- 
tuli juvenes,  totus  ille  grex  Catilinse;"  and  in  one 
of  his  speeches  (Ccel.  14)  the  imperial  is  called 
"  Barbula."  He  says :  — 

"  I  must  summon  up  from  the  shades  below  one  of  those 
bearded  old  men ;  not  men  with  those  little  bits  of  im- 
perials, which  she  takes  such  a  fancy  to,  but  a  man, 
with  that  long  shaggy  beard,  which  we  see  on  the  an- 
cient statues  and  images." 

Photius,  in  his  Lexicon,  says  :  ndinros  at  e-n-i  TOV 
K.6.T<a  %ei\ovs  Tpfyes  *  /iwrra£  8e,  of  ftrl  TOV  &vca.  This 
is  a  trace  of  it  in  the  ninth  century,  when  Photius 
flourished  at  Constantinople.  C.  T.  RAMAGE. 


MUSTACHE. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  398.) 

Mv<rra|  means  the  upper  lip.  Can  any  of  your 
readers  give  a  quotation  from  a  Greek  writer 
where  it  means  the  hair  growing  on  the  upper 
lip  ?  I  can  trace  the  idea  no  further  back  than  to 
Hesychius,  who  is  supposed  to  have  lived  at  least 
before  A.D.  389.  In  his  Greek  Lexicon  he  says, 
Mwrra£,  a!  eirl  TO.  &i>ca  \tiKri  Tpi'x«s.  The  word  seems 
to  have  reached  us  through  the  French  orjtalians. 
It  may  have  come  to  them  through  their  inter- 
course with  the  inhabitants  of  the  later  Greek 
empire.  Perhaps  some  of  your  readers,  acquainted 
with  the  writings  of  Anna  Comnena,  or  of  some 
others  of  the  authors  of  a  still  earlier  period,  may 


DICTIONARIES  (2nd  S.  i.  212.) — I  chanced  on 
one  of  these  the  other  day,  which  the  lapse  of 
nearly  eight  years  since  J.  R.  J.'s  inquiry  may 
have  put  dehors  the  Cuttlean  statute  of  limita- 
tions. Giving  neither  definitions  nor  derivations, 
but  spelling  and  accentuating  every  word  ac- 
cording to  the  compiler's  own  notion  of  Phonetics, 
a  more  thorough  uglification  of  our  written  or 
spoken  language  could  hardly  have  been  devised : 
that  it  goes  near  to  outwalking  Walker,  a  very 
few  excerpta  will  suffice  to  show  :  —  JEuzidsh, 
Teetshiz,  Vizidsh,  Berrnl,  Ohaizyun,  Kreetyiir, 
Jurdsh. 

The  preface  refers  to  a  former  dictionary*  by 
the  author  (James  Buchanan)  and  its  "  honour- 

!  able  mention  "  by  another  lexicographer — a  Mr. 

I  JoJmstone.     Its   title  is  prolix  and  pretentious, 
having  for  its  motto  — 

"  Extera  quid  quaarat  sua  qui  Vernacula  nescit?  " 
but  the  date  has  been  carefully  cut  off  by  some 
former  possessor  of  my  copy,  who  has  stamped 
his  name   on   the   fly-leaf—  "  Peter  Stanislaus, 

[*  Probably  his  Lingua Britannicce  Vera  Pronunciatio, 
1767,  8vo. — ED.] 


522 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[S"»S.  IV.  DEC.  26, '6  3. 


Capucin,  1780."  Mr.  Buchanan's  assertion  of 
what  he  designates  "  oreejinilniss  "  seems  to  have 
been  made  in  the  early  half  of  the  last  century. 
His  labours,  however,  have  little  value  beyond 
their  assisting  the  completeness  of  J.  R.  J.'s  lexi- 
conic  list.  E.  L.  S.  . 

MRS.  FlTZHERBEKT,    ETC.     (3rd    S.    iv.   411.)  — 

There  was  no  issue  of  the  marriage  between 
George  IV.  and  Mrs.  Fitzherbert.  In  proof  of 
this,  the  following  extract  from  a  letter  from  the 
late  Lord  Stourton  to  the  late  Earl  of  Albemarle 
may  be  given.  The  letter  may  be  seen  at  length 
in  the  Memoirs  of  Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  by  the  Hon. 
Charles  Langdale,  p.  94,  published  by  Bentley  in 
1856. 

« I  had  myself,  previously  to  this  arrangement,  taken 
the  liberty  to  counsel  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  to  leave  some  evi- 
dence in  her  own  handwriting  as  to  the  circumstances  of 
no  issue  arising  from  this  connection,  and  had  advised  it 
being  noted  with  her  own  signature  on  the  back  of  the 
certificate.  To  this  she  smilingly  objected  on  the  score  of 
delicacy,  and  I  only  state  it  at  present  in  justification  of 
my  expectation  that  the  memorandum  I  have  alluded  to 
is  to  this  effect." 

The  certificate  alluded  to  above  is  the  "certificate 
of  the  marriage,  dated  Dec.  21,  1785.  To  the  re- 
maining part  of  your  correspondent's  query  I  am 
unable  to  give  any  answer.  J.  F.  W. 

George  IV.  had  no  children  by  Mrs.  Fitzherbert. 
His  natural  children  were  as  follows:  —  1.  By 
Lucy  Howard  (who,  I  believe,  was  a  native  of 
Richmond,  but  whether  a  Jewess  I  am  not  aware) 
a  son,  George  Howard,  who  died  an  infant.  2.  By 
Grace  Dalrymple  Elliot,  a  daughter,  Georgiana 
Augusta  Frederica  Seymour,  who  married  Lord 
William  Bentinck.  CHARLES  F.  S.  WARREN. 

I  do  not  know  whether  the  Prince  of  Wales  had 
any  children  by  Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  but  those  scan- 
dalous chronicles  of  the  times  —  contemporary 
caricatures  —  show  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  in  the  way 
which  ladies  wish  to  be  who  love  their  lords ;  and 
also,  in  some  cases,  as  actually  nursing  a  baby. 
And  this  suggests  a  query  I  have  long  wished  to 
have  solved :  Had  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  a  child  or 
children  by  her  first  marriage  ?  In  a  caricature 
entitled  "  Fashionable  Frailties,"  in  which^  she  is 
represented  as  enceinte,  and  walking  with  the 
Prince,  she  is  followed  by  a  young  female  child, 
dressed  exactly  like  her,  and  evidently  intended 
for  a  daughter;  while  in  another  called  "The 
Royal  Nursery,  or  Nine  Months  after  Marriage," 
in  which  she  is  seated  nursing  a  baby,  with  the 
Prince  of  Wales  seated  beside  her,  on  her  right 
hand;  there  is  a  lad  of  six  or  seven  years  old 
standing  on  his  right  hand,  and  on  whose  head  is 
a  crown,  apparently  a  crown  of  the  Holy  Roman 
Empire.  Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  throw 
light  upon  either  of  these  allusions  ?  M-  F. 


RAM  AND  TEAZLE  (3rd  S.  iv.  449.)  —  May  I 
venture  to  suggest  a  different  explanation  of  this 
curious  sign  to  that  given  by  your  correspondent 
A.  A.  ?  The  teazle,  as  your  readers  probably 
know,  is  used  in  dressing  cloth,  "  raising  the  nap," 
which  is  one  of  the  latest  processes  in  the  manu- 
facture of  that  material ;  and  the  value  of  that 
humble  plant  (which,  I  believe,  machinery  has 
not  yet  been  able  to  supersede)  is  commemorated 
by  its  being  borne  in  the  arms  of  the  Clothiers* 
Company.  Is  it  not  probable,  therefore,  that  the 
sign  under  consideration  was  set  up  by  a  publican, 
who  was  a  tenant  of  the  aforesaid  Company,  or 
who  wished  to  attract  the  workers  in  some  cloth 
manufactory  near  him  ?  It  is  easy  to  believe  that 
the  sign  would  be  very  appropriate  in  either  case ; 
the  Ram  representing  the  raw  material,  as  it 
were,  and  the  Teazle  the  finished  fabric. 

I  would  further  suggest  the  probability  of  other 
apparently  incongruous  signs  being  explained  by 
armorial  bearings.  "  The  Bird  and  Baby,"  for 
instance,  I  believe  to  be  simply  a  corruption  of 
the  crest  of  the  Stanleys.  A  public  house  in 
Norwich,  bearing  that  sign,  was,  I  have  been  in- 
formed, opened  by  a  man  who  had  been  butler  in 
that  family,  and  instead  of  setting  up  "  The 
Stanley  Arms,"  he  adopted  only  the  crest.  R. 

MOTHER  DOUGLAS  (3rd  S.  iv.  451.)  —  Strange 
as  it  may  seem,  this  lady's  name  was  mentioned 
from  the  Bench  of  the  Court  of  Session,  at  the 
decision  in  that  court  of  the  great  Douglas  Cause. 
I  quote  from  the  speech  of  Lord  Pardenstown,  as 
given  in  Anderson's  edition  of  the  Judges'  speeches, 
p.  316:  — 

"  The  executors  of  the  noted  Mother  Douglas  brought 
an  action  against  several  gentlemen  of  distinction  for 
payment  of  tavern  bills  contracted  in  her  house.  We  are 
not  to  presume  that  these  gentlemen  frequented  such  a 
house  as  Mother  Douglas's ;  but  even  supposing  that  they 
took  a  fancy  to  go  there,  we  are  not  to  imagine  that  they 
would  have  come  off  without  discharging  their  reckon- 
ing." 

In  adverting  to  the  Douglas  cause,  allow  me  to 
take  the  opportunity  of  noticing  the  following 
entry,  which  I  happened  lately  to  observe  in  the 
Scots'  Magazine,  vol.  xxix.  p.  55  : — 

"  At  Horsham,  in  the  63rd  year  of  her  age,  Mrs.  Eliza- 
beth Curtis,  wife  of  Mr.  Curt'is  of  that  place,  of  Twins, 
Male,  who,  together  with  their  mother,  were  likely  to 
do  well." 

This  beats  Lady  Jane  Douglas  out  and  out. 
It  was  argued  to  be  exceedingly  improbable  that 
her  ladyship  should  have  given  birth  to  twins 
when  she  was  in  her  fifty-first  year, — while  here 
Mrs.  Curtis  produces  them  when  in  her  sixty- 
third.  Some  very  sceptical  people  may,  not  un- 
likely, think  the  one  event  fully  as  credible  as  the 
other.  G. 

Edinburgh. 


S.  IV.  DEC.  26,  !C3.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


523 


''  "O2I02  AND  "AriO2  (3rd  S.  iv.  453.) — The  word 
&nos  means  pious  towards  God,  whilst  S/Kaw  means 
just  towards  man,  according  to  the  scholiast  on 
Euripides  (Hecuba,  788) ;  TO  /j.ev  irpbs  Geovs  $•  av- 
Gptinrwv  yfv6n^vov,  ttffiov  Ka\.ov/j.ff,  TO  Se  irpbs  avOpdnrovs 
SlKaiov.  The  Hebrew  word  corresponding  with 
SIKUIOS  is  P1?¥,  tsedek,  which  gives  name  to  the 
Sadducees,  whilst  "VDH,  chasid,  corresponding  with 
&TZOS,  supplies  the  name  DH^DH,  Chasidim,  to  the 
more  pious  and  devotional  of  the  modern  Jews. 

In  heathen  writers  foios  often  occurs,  but  in  the 
New  Testament  seldom ;  on  the  contrary,  ayios 
often  occurs  in  the  Septuagint,  New  Testament, 
and  Fathers,  but  seldom  in  the  classic  writers. 
The  word  ayios  does  not  mean  pious,  except  by 
implication,  but  dedicated,  or  devoted  to  good  or 
evil,  and  chiefly  to  good :  it  includes  the  notion  of 
awe,  from  01705,  and  ayvos,  whence  it  is.  derived  in 
Greek ;  its  equivalent  in  Hebrew  is  BHtJ,  kadosh. 
I  have  sought  for  a  derivation  of  both  words  in 
Sanscrit,  but  unsatisfactorily.  In  Greek  6'<nos  may 
be  equivalent  to  S  5iby,  divine,  as  2ios  &ov\ri  (Sibyl) 
is  equal  to  Aios  /3ov\jj. 

In  the  few  passages  of  the  New  Testament 
where  oWs  occurs,  there  is  no  difficulty,  except  in 
the  use  of  '6aia  in  the  sense  of  mercies  (Acts  xiii. 
34),  which  arises  from  the  word  1?n,  chesed,  mean- 
ing merciful  as  well  as  pious ;  it  isr  a  quotation 
from  the  Septuagint  of  Isaiah  (Iv.  3). 

The  word  07105  in  the  New  Testament,  being 
used  in  reference  to  the  service  of  God,  is  trans- 
lated holy  (from  the  Saxon  and  German),  or  saint 
(from  the  French  and  Latin),  both  words  having 
the  same  meaning,  but  holy  is  applicable  to  per- 
sons and  things,  saint  to  persons  only. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

SCOTTISH  (3rd  S.  iv.  454.)  —  Francis  Horner, 
who  came  to  England  from  Scotland  to  acquire 
the  language,  does  not  appear  to  have  used  the 
word  Scottish,  but  Scotch,  as  he  speaks  of  Scotch 
inflexion  (Memoirs,  i.  17),  a  Scotch  lawyer  (id.  i. 
86),  Scotch  parliamentary  reform  (id.  ii.  46),  and 
Scotch  girls  (ii.  125).  Nevertheless,  his  tutor,  the 
Rev.  John  Hewlett,  author  of  Notes  to  the  Bible, 
speaks  of  Scottish  accent  (id.  i.  41),  Scotch  accent 
(i.  43),  and  Scottish  pronunciation  (i.  43);  and 
his  friend  Dr.  Parr  writes  of  Scottish  learning,  and 
Scottish  science  (ii.  433).  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

MOTHER  AND  SON  (3rd  S.  iv.  450.) — The  men- 
tion of  the  case  of  the  half-brother  of  West  the 
painter  being  seen  by  his  father  for  the  first  time 
when  the  former  was  fifty  years  of  age,  recals  to  me 
a  curious  circumstance  of  the  like  kind  connected 
with  the  history  of  my  friend  Mr.  William  Dau- 
ney,  advocate,  author  of  a  work  on  Ancient  Scottish 
Melodies,  published  in  Edinburgh  in  1838.  (Mr. 
Dauney  died  soon  after  in  Demerara.)  This 
amiable  and  accomplished  man  informed  me  that 


he  never  consciously  saw  his  mother  till  he  was 
thirty-three  years  of  age.  Born  in  the  West 
Indies,  he  was  sent  to  his  friends  in  Scotland 
while  a  very  young  infant.  His  mother  remained 
in  the  colony,  married  a  second  husband,  and 
when  a  widow  a  second  time,  returned  to  her 
native  country.  At  her  request,  by  letter,  Mr. 
Dauney  went  with  his  wife  to  Greenock  to  receive 
his  mother  on  her  landing ;  and  a  tender  recogni- 
tion between  these  long-divided  relatives  took 
place  on  the  quay.  R.  C. 

THOMAS  CHAPMAN  (1st  S.  xi.  325 ;  3rd  S.  iv. 
425.) — The  person  to  whom  John  Hawkins  dedi- 
cated his  MS.  Life  of  Henry  Prince  of  Wales 
may  have  been  Thomas  Chapman  of  Hitchin,  who 
flourished,  1619,  and  is  with  great  probability 
conjectured  to  have  been  a  brother  of  George 
Chapman  the  poet.  As  to  him  see  Green's  Col. 
Dom.  State  Papers,  James  /.,  i.  495  ;  Chapman's 
Odyssey s  of  Homer,  ed.  Hooper ;  Introd.  xii.  xiii. 
C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

JAMAICA  (3rd  S.  iv.  48.)— If  ME.  DILLON,  who 
asks  for  information  respecting  it,  will  write  to 
me,  I  may  be  able  to  render  him  some  aid ;  as 
my  family  has  been  connected  with  that  island 
nearly  one  hundred  and  seventy  years. 

R.  C.  H.  HOTCHBJN. 

Thimbleby  Rectory,  Horncastle. 

GANYMEDE  (3rd  S.  iv.  411.) — Your  correspon- 
dent's conjecture  is  right,  the  lines  in  his  MS. 
are  Wither's,  and  occur  in  the  Emblems,  London, 
1635,  folio,  p.  156.  Some  of  the  MS.  words 
are  incorrect :  "  husbands  "  should  be  harbours ; 
"  blood,"  flood;  "  make  seeme,"  make  her  seeme. 

ElBIONNACH. 

FEMALE  FOOLS  (3rd  S.  iv.  453.)  —  Jane  the  Fool 
is  certainly  an  historical  personage,  as  will  be 
abundantly  shown  by  the  ensuing  extracts  from 
the  Privy  Purse  Expenses  of  Princess  (afterwards 
Queen)  Mary,  whose  "  fool "  she  was  :  — 
"  Itm,  geuen  to  one  Hogman  hep  of  Jane  the  fole 

hir  horse          -  -  -  -  ij* 

Itm,  payed  for  housen  and  shoes  to  Jane  the  fole  xxd 
Itm,  paj-ed  for  a  gowne  for  Jane  the  fole  -      x' 

ItilT,  for  shaving  of  Jane  the  fooles  hedde  -  iiijd." 

There  are  various  other  items ;  and  in  the  index 
to  the  same  book  (p.  241),  A.  J.  M.  will  find  fur- 
ther notices  of  Jane  the  Fool.  Sir  F.  Madden 
there  says,  "  The  instances  in  which  a  female  was 
so  employed  seem  to  have  been  very  rare." 

HERMENTRUDE. 

In  Mr.  Joseph  Robertson's  admirable  Preface 
to  the  Inventories  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  being 
catalogues  of  her  jewels,  dresses,  furniture,  books, 
and  paintings,  just  issued  for  the  Bannatyne  Club, 
there  are  notices  of  " Nichola,  or  La  Jardiniere" 
whom  the  Queen  brought  with  her  from  France, 


524 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  IV.  DEC.  26,  '63. 


in  August,  1561,  and  of  other  female  "fules," 
maintained  at  court,  viz.,  —  Janet  Musclie,  1562; 
"  Conny,"  1565 ;  and  Jane  Colquhoun,  1567. 

N.  C. 

Allow  me  to  draw  your  correspondent,  A.  J.  M.'s 
attention  to  a  female  fool  of  considerable  antiquity. 
Jeremy  Taylor,  in  his  Life  of  Christ,  Part  i.  Sec- 
tion 3,  Discourse  i.,  "  On  the  Duty  of  Nursing 
Children,"  makes  incidental  mention  of  Harpaste, 
Seneca's  wife's  fool.  S.  L. 

AUBREY'S  STAFFORDSHIRE  GHOST  STORY  (3rd  S. 
iv.  395.)  —  This  identical  story  is  told,  more  cir- 
cumstantially and  with  some  variations,  of  Samuel 
Wallace  of  Stamford  in  Lincolnshire.  The  strange 
Old  Man,  with  "  coat  and  hose  of  a  purple  colour," 
knocked  at  his  door  on  Whitsunday,  1659,  and 
asked  for  a  cup  of  small  beer ;  prescribed  for  his 
consumption,  and  foretold  his  cure  in  twelve  days, 
which  was  verified  by  the  event.  The  particulars 
were  taken  by  "  Mr.  Laurence  Wise,  minister  of 
the  gospel,"  from  Wallace's  own  mouth.  The 
story  is  quoted  by  Mrs.  Howitt  in  the  appendix  to 
Ennemoser,  vol.  ii.  p.  385,  from  a  book  called  Noc- 
turnal Revels,  the  author  and  date  of  which  are  not 
given.  Query,  is  the  above  version  of  the  story 
noticed  in  the  last  edition  of  Aubrey's  Miscellanies, 
published  a  few  years  ago  by  Mr.  J.  Russell 
Smith  ?  EIRIONNACH. 

TEDDED  GRASS  (3rd  S.  iv.  430.)  —  The  mean- 
ing of  this  phrase  at  the  present  day  is  certainly 
that  laid  down  by  Richardson,  "  grass  spread 
abroad,"  not  hay  in  cocks.  If  the  noun  "  tod  "  is 
derived  from  the  verb  "  ted,"  it  can  hardly  mean 
a  cock  of  hay.  There  is  no  reason,  I  think,  to 
suppose  that  Milton  meant  by  "  tedded  grass," 
hay  in  heaps.  There  seems  a  special  fitness  in 
the  expression,  "  smell  of  tedded  grass,"  for  we  all 
know  that  hay  gives  off  much  more  perfume 
when  it  is  lying  out  than  when  it  is  in  cocks,  so 
much  larger  a  surface  being  exposed.  The  phrase 
"tedded  hay"  is  used  by  Coleridge  in  a  short 
poem,  entitled  "  The  Keepsake : "  — 

"The  tedded  hay  and  corn-sheaves  in  our  field, 
Show  summer  gone  ere  come." 

This  use  of  the  word  seems  to  favour  A.  A.'s 
suggestion  that  it  is  used  poetically,  but  mis- 
takenly, for  hay  in  cocks.  ALFRED  AINGER. 

Alrewas,  Lichfield. 

I  know  that  in  all  parts  of  Ireland,  and  in  many 
parts  of  England,  the  term  "to  ted"  means  to 
shake  out  or  spread  the  grass  after  the  mower, 
and  for  this  operation,  in  fine  weather,  boys,  girls, 
or  women  followed  the  mower  with  iron  or  wooden 
forks  to  toss  out  the  grass  to  dry.  The  mower  is 
considered  a  superior  sort  of  workman,  and  in 
Ireland  obtains  better  wages  and  food  than  or- 
dinary field  labourers  ;  and  in  case  he  possesses  a 
cow,  but  not  sufficient  hay  for  winter  use,  he 


generally  receives  a  small  portion  from  his  em- 
ployer :  in  that  sense  it  might  be  called  "  ted " 
(Wright).  S.REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 

When  I  was  a  boy,  an  old  Berkshire  man,  with 
whom  I  used  to  make  hay,  always  used  the  word 
"  tedding  "  for  the  first  operation  in  the  process, 
that  of  shaking  the  grass  out  from  the  swathe. 
Those  who  love  the  associations  of  hay-time  will 
readily  support  me  in  holding  that  this  was  the 
stage  of  haymaking  at  which  the  smell  of  the 
grass  (then  most  delicious  of  all)  dwelt  in  the 
fancy  of  Milton.  C.  G.  P. 

MODERN  CORRUPTIONS  :  "  RELIABLE  "  (3rd  S. 
iv.  437.) — I  offer  my  best  thanks  to  VEBNA  for 
denouncing  the  word  "  reliable  "  as  vile ;  and  I 
heartily  wish  that  it  could  be  altogether  scouted 
and  banished.  Its  irregular  formation,  and  utter 
superfluousness  ought  to  discredit  it  with  all  who 
study  correct  language.  The  word  rely  is  always 
followed  by  the  preposition  upon ;  therefore  if  an 
adjective  is  to  be  formed  from  it,  we  should  say 
relyiiponabk ;  but  such  a  word  as  reliable  ought 
to  mean,  disposed  to  rely  upon ;  and  can  only  be 
applied  properly  to  a  person  who  is  apt,  or  in- 
clined to  rely  upon  others.  It  is  a  gross  perver- 
sion of  language  to  use  it  in  the  sense  of  any 
thing  to  be  relied  upon.  But  we  have  no  need  of 
any  such  clumsily  constructed  and  monstrous  in- 
novation. Our  language  abounds  with  words  ex- 
pressive of  the  meaning  to  which  this  vile  com- 
pound has  been  so  lamentably  applied.  We  can 
use  in  the  same  sense  a  host  of  legitimate  expres- 
sions. We  can  proclaim  a  person,  or  a  source  of 
information,  to  be  trusty,  credible,  veracious,  au- 
thentic, respectable,  undeniable,  indisputable,  un- 
doubted, incontrovertible;  or  we  can  say  that 
either  is  worthy  of  credit,  to  be  fully  depended 
upon,  to  be  received  without  hesitation,  and  so 
.forth.  What  need,  then,  of  resorting  to  a  new 
word,  and  above  all,  to  one  so  loosely  constructed 
and  wrongly  applied  ?  One  is  grieved  to  see  this 
vile  word  constantly  occurring  in  the  columns  of 
a  paper  like  The  Times,  and  in  a  respectable 
literary  journal  like  The  Athenaum.  In  the  very 
last  number  of  the  latter,  for  Nov.  28,  in  an 
account  of  a  certain  writer,  we  find  the  following : 
"Of  his  antecedents  few  are  reliable."  What 
could  have  possessed  a  reviewer  for  .1  standard 
literary  journal  to  prefer  so  odious  an  expression 
to  saying  in  legitimate  English,  that  few  of  the 
man's  antecedents  were  to  be  relied  upon,  or  de- 
pended upon?  But  I  suppose  we  shall  next  have 
just  as  good  a  word  manufactured  from  the  last 
mentioned,  and  be  told  that  few  of  a  man's  ante- 
cedents are  dependable.  F.  C.  H. 

CURIOUS  CIRCUMSTANCE  (3rd  S.  iv.  409.)  —  It 
mio-ht  well  be  imagined  that  a  parallel  case  to  that 


3'd  S.  IV.  DEC.  2G,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


525 


extracted  by  MR.  G.  F.  CHAMBERS  from  the  Eng- 
lish Churchman  could  scarcely  be  found,  —  of  six 
brothers  meeting  together,  lour  of  them  being 
clergymen,  and  all  assisting  in  the  church  service 
on  a  Sunday  morning.  But  I  can  relate  a  case,  not 
merely  parallel,  but  much  more  extraordinary, 
which  occurred  forty-one  years  ago  in  a  Catholic 
family.  There  were  six  brothers,  and^ce  of  them 
priests.  The  youngest  of  the  five,  Rev.  James  Jones, 
was  ordained  priest  by  Bishop  Milner  on  the  31st 
of  May,  being  the  Saturday  before  Trinity  Sun- 
day, in  the  year  1822,  at  Oscott  College.  On  the 
13th  of  June,  the  Octave  Day  of  Corpus  Christi, 
the  whole  family  assembled  in  the  Catholic  chapel 
at  Long  Birch,  near  Wolverhampton,  where  the 
third  brother,  the  Rev.  Samuel  Jones,  was  the 
pastor.  Besides  the  six  brothers,  there  were  present 
also  their  respected  mother,  and  their  sister,  Miss 
Sarah  Jones.  A  solemn  high  mass  was  then  cele- 
brated entirely  by  this  pious  family.  The  newly- 
ordained  priest,  James,  sung  his  first  mass  on  the 
occasion, — his  two  brothers  William  and  Charles 
officiating  respectively  as  deacon  and  subdeacon. 
William,  the  eldest  brother,  preached  an  impres- 
,  sive  and  appropriate  sermon,  chiefly  addressed  to 
the  new  priest.  The  musical  department  was  also 
filled  exclusively  by  members  of  the  family.  The 
only  brother  who  was  a  layman,  Mr.  Clement 
Jones,  played  the  mass  and  sung  ;  and  the  re- 
verends Samuel  and  John  Jones,  with  Miss  Sarah, 
completed  the  choir.  The  father  had  died  a  few 
years  before,  but  the  venerable  mother  was  pre- 
sent with  feelings  much  easier  imagined  than  de- 
scribed. It  is  an  additionally  curious  fact,  that  of 
these  six  brothers  the  only  survivor  is  the  eldest, 
William,  who  is  still  in  excellent  health  in  his 
eightieth  year.  The  sister  is  also  living,  and  like- 
wise an  elder  sister,  Miss  Ann  Jones.  This  ac- 
count may  be  fully  relied  upon,  as  all  the  persons 
mentioned  in  it  were  familiarly  known  to  me,  and 
the  occurrence  I  perfectly  remember.  F.  C.  H. 

CHRISTIAN  NAMES  (3rd  S.  iv.  369,  416.)— I  can 
bear  out  CUTHBERT  BEDE'S  assertion  respecting 
the  prevalence  of  Old  Testament  baptismal  names 
in  Worcestershire,  having  recently  numbered 
amongst  my  establishment,  at  the  same  time,  both 
a  Job  and  Shadrach  ;  Nathan  and  Enoch  are  both 
common  in  the  district.  Your  correspondent 
F.  C.  H.  asserts  that  the  clergy  of  the  Catholic 
church  are  forbidden  to  tolerate  names  where  there 
is  nothing  Christian'  about  them,  and  quotes  the 
ritual  in  his  support.  How  then  do  we  account, 
in  a  Roman  Catholic  country  like  France,  for  the 
great  prevalence  of  names  derived  from  classical 
history,  such  as  Achille,  &c.? 

Was  this  class  of  names  first  introduced  into 
France  at  the  close  of  the  last  century  during  the 
great  Revolution,  and  has  it  since  continued  to 
exist?  The  name  Diana  has  maintained  its  gi'ound  j 


in  this  country,  notwithstanding  the  prominent 
mention  of  the  idolatrous  worship  of  that  heathen 
deity  in  the  New  Testament. 

THOMAS  E.  WINNINGTON. 
Stanford  Court,  Worcester. 

PHRASES  (3rd  S.  iii.  70.)— 

"  Touched  by  thy  pen,  conserve  to  pickle  turns,'1 
is  probably  suggested  by 

,"  Unguentum  fuerat,  quod  onyx  modo  parva  gerebat ; 
Olfecit  postquam  Papilus,  ecce  garum  est." 

Martialis  Epig.  lib.  vii.  ep.  94. 

H.  B.  C. 
U.  U.  Club. 

INCONGRUOUS  SIGNS  (3rd  S.  iv.  449.) — A  solu- 
tion similar  to  that  proposed  by  your  correspondent 
A.  A.  will  be  found  in  No.  28  of  Addison's  Specta- 
tor : — 

"  I  must,  however,  observe  to  you  on  this  subject,  that 
it  is  usual  for  a  young  tradesman,  at  his  first  setting  up, 
to  add  to  his  own  sign  that  of  the  master  whom  he 
served ;  as  the  husband,  after  marriage,  gives  a  place  to 
his  mistress's  arms  in  his  own  Coat.  This  I  take  to  have 
given  rise  to  many  of  those  absurdities  which  are  com- 
mitted over  our  heads ;  and,  as  I  am  informed,  first  occa- 
sioned the  three  Nuns  and  a  Hare,  which  we  see  so 
frequently  joined  together." 

R.  C.  HEATH. 

CHARLES  PRICE,  alias  PATCH  (3rd  S.  iv.  412.) — 
There  is  an  account  of  this  person  in  Hone's 
J5very-day  Booh,  ii.  1469,  wherein  it  is  stated 
that  his  father  also  bore  the  Christian  name  of 
Charles,  but  which  does  not  mention  the  Christian 
names  of  bis  children.  Thomas  Price  is  said  to 
have  died  young,  and  may  therefore  have  been 
unmarried.  W.  H.  HUSK. 

REV.  WILMAM  PETERS  (2nd  S.  xii.  272,  316, 
482.) — Permit  me  to  add  a  few  slender  memo- 
randa I  have  gleaned  respecting  this  clerical 
painter.  He  was  born  in  Yorkshire,  and  married 
a  native  of  that  shire,  a  co-heiress  of  the  Rev. 
John  Knowsley  of  Burton  Fleeming.'  In  early 
life  Mr.  Peters  settled  in  Dublin,  hoping  from 
his  mother's  connections,  who  was  a  Younge,  to 
succeed  as  an  artist.  He  was  disappointed,  but 
obtaining  the  living  of  Knipton  Woolsthrop,  co. 
Leicester,  he  settled  there,  and  painted  many 
pictures  for  the  Duke  of  Rutland.  His  father 
was  Mr.  Matthew  Peters  of  Freshwater,  Isle  of 
Wight,  an  engineer  of  some  celebrity. 

Peter  Pindar  thus  commences  his  12th  Lyric 
Ode:  — 

"  Dear  Peters !  who  like  Luke  the  Saint, 
A  man  of  Gospel  art  and  paint." 

Mr.  Peters  was  a  great  friend  of  Alderman 
Boydell,  though,  singularly  enough,  both  were 
affected  with  a  constitutional  infirmity  that  rarely 
permitted  them  to  meet, — Boydell  from  a  chest 
complaint  dare  not  risk  the  cold  winds  of  Leices- 
tershire ;  Peters,  from  asthma,  the  confined  at- 
mosphere of  London.  Perhaps  some  of  your 


526 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3r<1  S.  IV.  DEC.  26,  '63. 


Irish  correspondents  can  supply  a  few  ana  of  his 
Dublin  life.     One  of  his  pictures  is  in  the  College. 

THO.  EASLE. 

QUOTATIONS  (3rd  S.  iv.  454.) — The  third  quo- 
tation asked  for, — 

"  Oh !  but  for  this  disheartening  voice, 
is   from   T.    Moore's  poem  "  Alciphron."      See 
collected  Edition  of  his  Works,  vol.  x.  p.  298. 

R.  M'C. 

THE  GREAT  DUKE  A  CHILD-EATER  (3rd  S.  iv. 
412,  461.)— Your  correspondent  W.  H.  is  a  little 
in  error  in  thinking  that  the  lines  referred  to  are 
in  a  "  Comic "  annual.  They  were  published  in 
1828,  in  a  juvenile  annual,  called  the  Christmas 
Sox,  edited  by  T.  Crofton  Croker,  Esq.  There  is 
no  name  to  the  piece  called  "  The  French  Nurse," 
containing  the  lines  in  question,  but  the  writer 
says  he  heard  the  song  sung  by  an  old  woman  at 
Rouen  to  still  a  crying  child.  Lockhart  con- 
tributed to  the  Christmas  Box  a  "  History  of  the 
late  War,"  beginning  with  the  French  Revolu- 
tion, and  ending  with  the  battle  of  Waterloo. 
Sir  Walter  Scott's  contribution  was  the  ballad  of 
"  The  Bonnets  of  Bonnie  Dundee."  Dr.  Aikin, 
Mrs.  Barbauld,  Miss  Edgeworth,  Lady  Charlotte 
Bury,  and  "  Mr."  Theodore  Hook,  are  all  said 
in  the  Preface  to  have  been  contributors  to  it. 

L.  C.  R. 

LINES  ON  PUNNING  (3rd  S.  iv.  461.)— The  lines 
on  punning,  mentioned  by  W.  H.,  were  written  by 
Theodore  E.  Hook  (not  Hood),  and  appeared  in 
1828  in  the  Christmas  Box,  a  tiny  annual  for 
children.  (Barham's  Life  of  T.  E.  Hook,  vol.  i. 
p.  250.)  JOHN  DAVIDSON. 

CUMBERLAND  AUCTIONS  (3rd  S.  iv.  410.)  —  In 
Cockermouth,  Keswick,  Workington,  and  other 
Cumberland  towns,  and  also  in  Westmoreland, 
"  Penny "  is  used  in  the  same  sense  as  a  nod  is 
in  the  south,  to  indicate  a  higher  bid,  but  does 
not  necessarily  represent  the  amount  of  the  ad- 
vance. Auctions  are  conducted  in  a  very  primi- 
tive manner  in  the  smaller  towns  of  the  two 
lake  counties,  generally  being  held  in  the  open 
air,  and  attracting  a  large  concourse  of  the  fairer 
sex,  whose  right  to  monopolise  the  public  highway 
no  surveyors  venture  to  question,  no  policemen 
dare  to  dispute.  One  great  recommendation  of 
these  al  fresco  auctions  is  the  absence  of  the 
"  knock  out "  fraternity.  WILLIAM  GASPET. 

Keswick. 

"  FORGIVE,  BLEST  SHADE  "  (3rd  S.  iv.  464.)— 
Is  the  authorship  of  these  elegiac  stanzas  rightly 
attributed  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Gill  ?  In  the  Family 
Friend  for  June,  1851,  a  correspondent  says:  — 

"  They  were  written  by  Mrs.  Steel,  and  placed  upon 
the  gravestone  of  a  young  person  in  the  Rev.  Legh 
Richmond's  churchyard,  Isle  of  Wight.  The  music  is  by 


Dr.  Calcott,  and  was  composed  during  the  time  he  was  in 
the  lunatic  asylum." 

WILLIAM  GASPET. 
Keswick. 

THE  FAULT-BAG  (3rd  S.  iv.  477.)— Your  cor- 
respondent R.  may  be  glad  to  have  another  refer- 
ence to  an  old  version  of  this  Fable,  viz.  Babrius, 
part  i.  fable  66,  ed.  Sir  G.  C.  Lewis.  I  give 
the  translation  from  the  English  version,  which  I 
published  in  1860 :  — 

"  Prometheus  was  a  god,  an  elder  god : 
Man,  the  brutes'  lord,  he  fashion'd  of  the  sod, 
'Tis  said ;  and  round  his  neck  two  wallets  hung, 
Full  of  all  ills,  that  rise  mankind  among : 
One  holding  others'  faults  in  front  was  thrown ; 
The  larger,  slung  behind  him,  held  his  own. 
Hence  others'  falls,  methinks,  men  clearly  see : 
But  when  one  should  look  homeward,  blind  are  we." 
JAMES  DAVIES. 

Kington,  Hereford. 

LONGEVITY  or  THE  RAVEN  (3rd  S.  iv.  471.) — 
Apropos  of  the  longevity  of  the  raven,  and  espe- 
cially that  portion  of  Boursault's  letter  quoted  by 
H.  S.  G.,  which  runs  thus  :  "  Trois  homines  1'age 
d'un  cerf :  trois  cerfs  1'age  d'un  corbeau  ;  "  it  may 
be  interesting  to  point  out  that  Babrius  seems  to 
have  reckoned  the  stag  a  very  long-lived  animal. 
In  Fab.  xlvi.  he  speaks  of — 

"  A  stag  that  scarce  had  yet  two  crow-lives  told, 
Had  he  lack'd  friends,  he  haply  had  died  old." 

He  seems  to  have  had  a  faith,  which  modern  ex- 
perience invalidates,  in  the  "  corvina  senectus  "  of 
Juvenal,  xiv.  251.  (Compare  Babrius,  Fab.  95, 
v.  21  ;  and  Cicero,  Tusc.  Q.  iii.  38.)  The  note  of 
Sir  G.  C.  Lewis  at  the  above  passage  of  Babrius 
should  be  consulted.  JAMES  DAVIES. 

Moor  Court,  Kington. 

MOFFLED  PEALS  IN  MEMORY  OF  THE  LATE 
ALDERMAN  CUBITT  (3rd  S.  iv.  431.) — A  Man- 
chester paper  gives  the  following  account :  — 

"  On  Saturday  evening,  Nov.  7,  1863,  a  tribute  of 
respect  was  paid  to  the  memory  of  the  late  Lord  Mayor 
of  London :  muffled  peals  were  rung  throughout  the 
cotton  manufacturing  districts,  at  the  following  places : 
Lancaster,  Bolton,  Ashton-under-Lyne,  Stalybridge, 
Glossop,  Mottram-in-Longdendale,  Hyde,  Stockport, 
Wigan,  Bury,  Manchester,  Blackburn,  Chorley,  Hinkley 
(Leicestershire),  Ribchester,  Mellor,  Burnley,  Middleton, 
Bacup,  Macclesfield,  Warrington,  Kirkham,  Accrington, 
Clitheroe,  Leigh,  Oldham,  Stackstands,  Todmorden,  Hep- 
tonstall,  Gisburne,  Brindle,  Walton-le-Dale,  Croston, 
Newchurch,  Churchtown,  Barrowford,  Deane,  Prestwich, 
Eccles,  Littleborough.  Also  at  Leyland,  Horwich,  Hulme, 
Dukinfield,  Embsay,  Greenfield,  Padiham,  Hoole,  Darwen, 
Haslingdon,  Farnworth,  Xorth  Meols,  &c." 

H.  T.  E. 

BURIAL-PLACE  OF  JOHN  HARRISON  (3rd  S.  iv. 
474.) — Your  querist  C.  J.  D.  INGLEDEW  will  find 
what  he  requires  (and  probably  more  than  he 
requires),  respecting  the  place  of  burial  of  "  Lon- 
gitude "  Harrison  in  the  following  extract  from 


3*d  S.  IV.  DEC.  26,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


527 


the  Memoirs  of  a  Trait  in  the  Character  of  Georg 
III.  by  Johan  Horrins,  Gent.   London,  1835  : — 

"  The  remains  of  John  Harrison  were  consigned  to  a 
vault  on  the  south  side  of  Hampstead  Church ;  but  a  dif 
ference  of  opinion  arising  between  his  son  and  daughte 
on  the  subject  of  a  monument,  the  place  remained  un 
noticed  for  several  years.  After  the  death  of  his  sister 
William  Harrison  erected  a  tomb  from  a  regular  design 
in  the  prevailing  style,  with  an  inscription  indicative  o 
his  respect  for  his  father's  genius,  but  the  taste  of  which 
cannot  be  commended,  as  it  may  be  said  to  smell  of  the 
oil  in  a  sense  different  from  that  applied  to  the  composi- 
tions of  Demosthenes.  The  celebrity  of  the  first  man  thai 
found  the  longitude  might  have  been  estimated  here,  for 
although  it  was  many  years  after  he  had  departed  this 
sublunary  scene,  the  news  of  the  monument  and  of  the 
epitaph  soon  travelled  rapidly  through  an  alphabetical 
nomenclature,  and  parties  were  formed  in  great  Augusta 
(as  the  poets  called  London)  for  a  walk  to  Hampstead, 
to  view  this  sepulchre  and  the  record  of  its  occupant  — 
not,  indeed,  so  numerous  as  the  pilgrims  of  Thomas 
a'Becket,  but  yet  sufficiently  so  to  show  the  contrasl 
between  the  ignorant,  or  the  learned  inattention  (which 
must  we  call  it?)  and  this  plain  manifestation  of  the 
public  sentiment;  for  the  Sexton  told  a  stranger  who 
was  making  inquiries,  '  he  was  sure  not  fewer  than  ten 
thousand  people  had  visited  the  place  within  two  or 
three  months  after  the  masons  had  left  it.' " 

M.D. 

When  I  last  visited  Hampstead  churchyard,  the 
monument  to  John  Harrison  was  still  to  be  found 
facing  the  south  side  of  the  church.  On  Septem- 
ber 11,  1859,  I  copied,  from  the  monument  itself, 
the  long  biographical  inscription  to  Harrison's 
memory  (as  well  as  that  to  his  son  William  on  the 
south  side  of  the  same  monument),  for  the  pur- 
pose of  printing  in  a  little  work  of  British  Monu- 
mental Inscriptions — that  is  to  say,  a  few[copies  for 
private  distribution.  Arnold,  the  chronometer- 
maker,  whose  tomb-inscription  I  have  also  printed 
in  the  above-mentioned  work,  lies  buried  in 
Chiselhurst  churchyard,  over  which  the  sweet  air 
of  Kent  wafts  from  the  lovely  common,  which 
spreads  itself  away  from  the  churchyard  side,  in  a 
manner  that  glads  the  heart  to  see.  But  to  re- 
turn to  Hampstead  churchyard.  Park,  in  his  His- 
tory of  Hampstead,  p.  335,  thus  notices  Mac  Ar- 
dell :  — 

"'He  lies  buried,'  says  Lysons,  'in  the  churchyard, 
where  is  a  short  inscription  to  his  memory,  by  which  we 
learn  that  he  was  a  native  of  Ireland,  and  that  he  died  in 
his  37th  year.'  This  stone  is  probably  destroyed,  for  I 
have  never  met  with  it." 

The  memorial  stone  to  this  celebrated  mezzo- 
tint engraver  I  hav.e  often  looked  at  since  1859, 
besides  which  I  have  printed  it  from  my  own  copy 
in  the  little  work  already  alluded  to.  Park  also 
says  at  p.  307  of  his  Hampstead :  — 

"Le  Xeve  (JHonum.  Angl.)  has  preserved  the  inscrip- 
tion on  Tyler's  tombstone,  which  I  cannot  now  find  in 
the  churchyard." 

Within  these  three  or  four  years,  I  have  copied  ,' 
Tyler's  inscription  from  the  original   tombstone. 
Whether  Park,  at  any  other  page  of  his  work,  cor- 


rects these  statements  I  do  not  know,  as  I  have 
not  yet  had  the  pleasure  of  perusing  the  entire 
book,  but  this  I  can  say  from  painful  experience, 
it  does  not  necessarily  imply  want  of  diligence 
that  Mr.  Park,  in  1818,  could  not  find  those  tomb- 
stones, even  after  a  careful  search. 

EDWIN  ROFFE. 
Somers  Town. 

SOCRATES'  DOG  (3rd  S.  iv.  475.)— The  refer- 
ences usually  given  for  the  assertion  that  Socrates 
swore  "  by  the  dog"  are  Laert.  De  Zenone,  vii. 
32,  which,  being  translated,  is,  "  and  he  swore, 
they  say,  by  the  caper-bush,  as  Socrates  did  by 
the  dog  "  ;  and  Athen.  ix.  370 : — 

"  '  By  the  Cabbage."  This  seems  to  be  an  Ionian  oath, 
and  it  is  not  wonderful  if  some  sware  by  the  cabbage, 
when  even  Zeno,  the  founder  of  the  Porch  (in  imitation 
of  Socrates'  oath  by  the  dog)  himself  swore  by  the  caper- 
bush,  as  Empodos  says  in  his  Memoirs." 

The  oath  "  by  the  dog"  is  put  into  the  mouth  oft 
Sosias  by  Aristophanes  in  The  Wasps,  v.  83. 

Mitchell,  in  his  introduction  to  The  Clouds  of 
Aristophanes,  says  that  the  three  ordinary  oaths 
of  Socrates  were — the  dog,  the  goose,  and  the 
plane- tree.  So  also  Potter's  Grecian  Antiquities  ; 
and  no  doubt  Aristophanes  was  ridiculing  a  real 
practice  when,  in  The  Clouds  (v.  606)  he  makes 
Socrates  swear  in  one  breath  by  "  the  powers  of 
respiration,"  "  Chaos,"  and  "  the  air."  Other 
correspondents  will  no  doubt  point  out  numerous 
other  instances.  The  above  are  all  that  occur  at 
present  to  J.  EASTWOOD. 

Surely  in  Plato,  vrj  T^V  KVVO.  is  a  very  common 
oath  in  the  mouth  of  Socrates.  See  one  instance 
of  its  use  in  The  Apology,  vii. : — 

"  /col  vii  T^V  itvva,  3  &v$pes  'Aftyvcuoi,"  &C. 

JOHN  AXDIS. 

I  beg  to  inform  G.  R.  J.  that  he  will  find  the 
Socratic  oath,  v>}  T^V  KWU,  in  Plato,  Apol.  21  C, 
besides  other  places.      A   full  account  of  it  is 
iven  in  a  note  by  Fischerus  on  that  place  in 
Stallbaum's  edition.  E.  E.  M. 

SAMUEL  JOKES  (2nd  S.  xi.  5.)— The  writer  of 
;he  account  of  Sir  Walter  Raleigh's  last  voyage 
;o  Guiana  was  probably  Samuel  Jones  of  Corpus 
"hristi  College,  Cambridge,  B.A.  1609-10.  His 
matriculation  cannot  be  found,  and  he  is  omitted 
rom  Masters's  List  of  the  Members  of  that  Col- 
ege.  It  seems  that  the  account  of  Raleigh's 
oyage  to  Guiana,  which  you  have  given,  or 
another  account  by  the  same  person,  is  in  MS. 
^orp.  Chr.  Coll.  Oxon.  ccxcvii.  f.  159. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

RICHARD  ADAMS  (2nd  S.  x.  70.) — One  of  this 

ame,  a  native  of  London,  was  admitted  a  fellow 

ommoner  of  Catharine  Hall,  April  28,  1635,  and 

has  verses,  in  the  Cambridge  collection,  on  the 

birth  of  the  Princess  Anne,  1637.     He  took  no 

degree.     We  consider  it  probable  that  he  was 


528 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  IV.  DEC.  26,  '63. 


author  of  the  poems  respecting  which  inquiry  is 
made,  and  a  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Adams,  the 
loyal  alderman  of  London,  founder  of  the  Arabic 
Professorship  in  this  University. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 
Cambridge. 

ANTHONY  PARKER  (2nd  S.  ix.  67),  B.A.  Oxon, 
was  elected  a  fellow  of  Pembroke  Hall,  Cam- 
bridge, Dec.  15,  1606,  and  commenced  M.A.  in 
the  latter  University,  1608.  He  resigned  his 
fellowship  in  1618,  and  was  buried  at  St.  Dunstan- 
in-the-West,  London,  Feb.  21,  1621-2.  It  is 
probable  that  he  was  of  the  family  of  Parkers,  of 
Brownsholm,  though  he  does  not  appear  in  the 
pedigree.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

THE  AMERGAU  MYSTERY  (3rd  S.  iv.  473.)  — 
MR.  WARWICK  will  find  a  very  elaborate  account 
of  the  Amergau  Mystery  in  Macmillaris  Maga- 
zine for  Oct.  1860,  attributed  to  Dr.  Stanley; 
also  one  in  the  Guardian,  July  25,  1860,  and 
another  in  The  Times,  Sept.  4,  1860.  A.  M. 

OLD  DAM  ASK.  PATTERNS  (3rd  S.  iv.  473.)  — 
Having  seen  the  question  put  by  your  corre- 
spondent about  old  damask  patterns,  I  write  to 
tell  you  of  some  in  our  possession,  hoping  the 
fact  of  its  bearing  the  name  of  "  Danzick"  may 
assist  in  finding  out  its  history. 

Its  width  is  27  inches ;  down  the  sides  there 
is  a  border  intended  for  oak  leaves  and  acorns. 
Within  the  border,  and  going  straight  across  the 
damask,  is  the  picture  of  a  handsome  city,  full  of 
churches  and  large  buildings,  protected  by  a  wall 
on  the  river  side.  In  the  water  is  a  very  ancient 
looking  vessel  with  three  masts,  and  a  boat  with  a 
high  figure-head,  rowed  by  two  men,  and  in  the 
corner  below  the  ship  are  two  casks.  Above  the 
city  floats  an  angel  bearing  a  caduceus  and  palm 
branch,  and  birds  are  flying  about.  Below  the 
ship  is  a  coat  of  arms ;  a  crown  in  chief,  and  two 
cross  potents  in  pale.  Beneath  is  the  word  "  Dan- 
zick." The  space  behind  the  shield  and  border  is 
filled  with  a  scroll  and  flowers.  "  In  each  breadth 
the  pattern  is  repeated  twice  over,  one  being  the 
reverse  of  the  other,"  as  in  that  mentioned  by 
your  correspondent.  The  damask  has  been  cut 
into  table  napkins,  and  has  been  ours  for  nearly 
fifty  years,  and  it  was  very  old  when  given  to  my 
mother.  The  same  patterns  are  repeated  all  down 
the  length  of  the  damask.  L.  C.  R. 

THE  THUMB  BIBLE  (2nd  S.  xii.  122.)— It  has 
been  shown  that  this  work,  in  the  diminutive  re- 
print called  The  Thumb  Bible,  is  written  by  one 
J.  Taylor ;  but  to  the  question,  Who  was  he  ?  no 
reply  has  yet  been  made.  It  would  be  well,  there- 
fore, to  register  in  your  columns  that,  in  the  new 
edition  of  Lowndes,  it  is  pointed  out  as  one  of 
the  pieces  contained  in  "  All  the  Workes  of  lohn 
Taylor,  the  Water  Poet."  Folio.  1630.  A.  G. 


THE  GIFFORDS  (3rd  S.  iv.  472.) — My  mite  may 
be  small,  but  I  offer  it  to  MESSRS.  COOPER.  I 
have  a  work  entitled,  "  Discourses  on  the  Divine 
Unity.  By  William  Christie,  Jun.,  Merchant, 
Montrose.  8vo.  Printed  at  Montrose  by  Geo. 
Johnston,  1784." 

At  the  end  is  a  Catalogue  of  Unitarian  Books, 
to  be  sold  by  David  Buchanan,  Bookseller,  in 
that  town,  among  which  figure  — 

"  An  Elucidation  of  the  Unity  of  God,  deduced  from 
Scripture  and  Reason,  addressed  to  all  Denominations. 
Price  Is.  By  I.  G.,  Esquire." 

Here  is  an  apparent  confirmation  of  the  work 
inquired  for  being  by  James  Giffbrd,  and  positive 
proof  that  it  was  published  in  or  before  1784. 

Where  can  anything  be  learnt  of  Mr.  Christie, 
who  founded  the  Unitarian  Society  at  Montrose, 
and  wrote  other  books  in  support  of  his  views, 
particularly  An  Essay  on  Ecclesiastical  Estab- 
lishments, showing  their  hurtful  Tendency,  8vo, 
Montrose,  1791  ?  A.  G. 

"  CODEX  VATIC  ANUS"  (3rd  S.  iv.  473.)  —As  this 
Codex  does  not  contain  the  Epistles  to  Timothy, 
Titus,  Philemon,  or  the  Apocalypse,  which  have 
perished,  the  word  irtWas,  1  Tim.  iv.  8,  in  the 
interpolated  portion,  has  been  introduced  into  the 
printed  edition  without  authority,  and,  I  may 
add,  contrary  to  the  established  reading,  n-cWo,  of 
other  known  MSS.  (Hug's  Introd.  N.  T.  s.  50 ; 
and  his  Program.  De  Antiquitate  Codicis  Vaticani 
Commentatio.  Friburgi,  1809.)  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

"THE  TOWN  AND  COUNTRY  MAGAZINE"  (3rd 
S.  iv.  476.)  —  Mr.  William  Law  Gane,  formerly  a 
correspondent  to  Bentley's  Miscellany,  was  the 
editor  of  the  above  periodical.  Not  having  a  copy 
of  the  work  (for  the  loan  of  which  I  should  be 
obliged)  I  can  scarcely  remember  any  of  the  con- 
tributors. Among  them  were  Mr.  J.  E.  Carpenter, 
the  song-writer,  and,  under  a  nom  de  plume, 

WILLIAM  GASPEY. 
Keswick. 

SCANDINAVIAN  HERALDRY  (3rd  S.  iv.  473.)  — 
R.  S.  T.  will  probably  find  the  information  he 
requires  in  Rietstap's  Armorial  General  (Gouda, 
1861). 

The  following  books  are  more  expensive,  and 
are  rarely  to  be  met  with  :  Lexicon  over  Adelige 
Familien  i  Danmark  Norge  og  Hertogdomene,  2 
vols.  4to,  (Kiobenhaven,  1787),  and  tor  Sweden, 
Cederevona's  Sveriges  Rihes  Ridderskaps  och 
Adels-Wapen  Bok.  Folio.  (Stockholm,  1746.) 

J.  WOODWARD. 

New  Shoreham. 

SIR  ANTHONY  BROWNE,  E.G.  (3rd  S.  iv.  355.) 
I  very  much  doubt  whether  all  the  portraits  were 
irretrievably  lost,  from  the  rapid  progress  of  the 
flames,  at  Cowdray  House,  in  September,  1793.  I 
believe  that  a  large  number  of  the  pictures  from 


S.  IV.  DEC.  26,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


529 


that  noble  mansion  are  still  to  be  found  scattered 
over  Western  Sussex,  in  the  possession  of  cot- 
tagers, innkeepers,  and  others.  I  myself  have 
seen  several  portraits  that  are  said  to  have  been 
rescued  from  the  fire  by  the  villagers. 

D.  M.  STEVENS. 

A  portrait  of  Sir  Anthony  Browne,  from  a  pic- 
ture formerly  at  Beechworth  Castle,  in  Surrey, 
and  one  of  Anthony  Browne,  Viscount  Montagu, 
from  the  original  in  the  possession  of  the  Marquess 
of  Exeter,  are  engraved  in  Harding's  Historical 
Portraits.  W.  J.  T. 

There  is  a  portrait  of  this  nobleman  by  Lucas 
de  Heere,  at  Burghley.  It  has  been  engraved  in 
Harding's  Portraits.  The  present  Marchioness 
of  Exeter  is,  through  her  mother,  descended  from 
Sir  A.  Browne.  Jos.  PHILLIPS,  JR. 

FRITH  SILVER  (3rd  S.  iv.  478.)— In  part  con- 
firmation of  your  answer  to  this  query,  I  send  you 
the  following  extract  from  Jacob's  Law  Dic- 
tionary (ed.  1729):  — 

"FRITH  (SaxJ,  A  wood, from  Frid,  i.  e.  Pax,  for  the 
English  Saxons  held  woods  to  be  sacred,  and  therefore 
made  them  sanctuaries." 

AMICUS  LEGALIS. 

MEDIAEVAL  SEAL  (3rd  S.  iv.  453.)— The  seal 
regarding  which  M.  D.  asks  information  is  that  of 
the  borough  of  Hedon,  in  Yorkshire.  He  will 
find  some  particulars  relative  to  this  seal,  and  its 
singular  device  and  legend,  in  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S. 
viii.  523.  E.  C. 

CHARLES  MARCH  (3rd  S.  iv.  363.)— This  gen- 
tleman died  in  the  spring  of  1835.  F.  C.  B. 

EPITAPH  ON  JOHN  ADDISON  (3rd  S.  iv.  437.) 
It  will  be  perceived  that  the  first  four  lines  are 
an  adaptation  of  the  first  four  of  the  "  Epitaph  " 
in  Gray's  Elegy,  and  the  remaining  four,  I  opine, 
our  great  lyric  poet  would  not  have  been  am- 
bitious to  enshrine  in  his  own  matchless  poem. 

J.  A.  G. 

"A  VISIT  TO  DUBLIN"  (3rd  S.  iv.  371.)  — In 
answer  to  the  query  Who  was  the  author  of  this 
work,  I  can  state  with  confidence  it  was  William 
Knox,  a  native  of  Scotland,  and  a  poet,  respecting 
whom  see  Lockhart's  Memoirs  of  Sir  Walter 
Scott.  Knox  died  in  the  year  mentioned,  at  the 
age  of  thirty- six,  a  victim  of  dissipation.  C. 

HOBERT  ROBINSON  OF  CAMBRIDGE  (3rd  S.  iv. 
341.)  —  PROFESSOR  DE  MORGAN  evidently  is  not 
•aware  that  a  third  memoir  of  Robert  Robinson, 
written  by  the  Rev.  William  Robinson  of  Cam- 
bridge —  not  a  relative,  but  a  successor  of  Robert 
Robinson  —  was  published  by  my  firm  in  1861. 
The  same  volume  contains  a  list  of  his  works, 
selections  from  them,  and  nearly  sixty  of  his  let- 
ters arranged  chronologically,  including  the  two 
you  have  reprinted.  This  volume  is  one  of  a 


series  called  The  Bunyan  Library.  Fifteen  hun- 
dred copies  were  printed  and  sold;  and  I  shall  be 
glad  to  give  cost  price  for  any  copies,  clean  and 
in  good  condition,  cut  or  uncut,  for  very  few 
copies  now  remain  in  my  hands.  Of  these  few, 
however,  I  shall  be  happy  to  forward  one  to  PRO- 
FESSOR DE  MORGAN,  if  he  will  favour  me  with  a 
line. 

I  may  add,  that  the  author  of  the  volume  has, 
since  its  publication,  received  a  large  number  of 
valuable  MSS.  from  a  grandson  of  Robert  Robin- 
son, a  highly  respectable  gentleman  now  resident 
at  the  antipodes ;  but  whether  he  will  prepare  a 
second  and  enlarged  edition  I  am  unable  to  say. 
WILLIAM  HEATON. 

42,  Paternoster  Row,  E.G. 

DAGENHAM  REGISTER  (3rd  S.  iii.  103)  —  I  feel 
under  great  obligation  to  your  correspondent  MR. 
SAGE  for  his  extracts  here  and  elsewhere.  He 
would  confer  a  great  favour  if  he  would  furnish 
me  with  any  further  entries  relating  to  the  Harvey 
family  during  the  seventeenth  century.  Where 
was  Wangey  House,  and  how  is  it  known  that  the 
Harveys  resided  there  ?  CPL. 

BURY  OR  BERRY  (3rd  S.iv.  304.)— "TheBerry" 
at  Uley,  in  Gloucestershire,  is  the  site  of  an  ob- 
long encampment,  certainly  Roman,  enclosing  a 
space  of  nearly  forty  acres,  and  fortified  with 
double  entrenchments  round  the  edge  of  the  hill. 
Some  coins  of  Antoninus  and  Constantine  have 
been  found  on  the  spot.  The  term  "  Berry  "  or 
"  Bury "  seems  to  be  generally  applied  to  the 
ancient  earthworks  of  the  Romans,  Saxons,  &c. ; 
and  this  appears  to  be  the  opinion  entertained  by 
Atkyns,  and,  indeed,  by  most  historians  of  Glou- 
cestershire, as  the  following  extracts  will  abun- 
dantly show  :  — 

'•There  is  a  large  camp  in  this  parish  (Little  Sodbury) 
upon  the  top  of  the  hill,  containing  about  twelve  acres 
within  the  fortification." — Atkyn's  History  of  Gloucester- 
shire, fol.  1768. 

"There  are  in  this  parish  (Oldbury)  two  military 
camps,  a  greater  and  a  lesser.  Where  the  church  stand's 
was  the  Campus  Minor  of  the  Romans." — Ibid. 

"Near  to  this  place  (Henbury)  is  Blaise  Hill,  on  which 
anciently  stood  a  chapel  dedicated  to  St.  Blaise,  but  long 

since  demolished The  foundation  stones  of 

the  chapel  were  dug  up  in  1707,  when  many  modern 
coins,  as  also  ancient  Roman  coins,  and  other  Roman  an- 
tiquities were  found The  hill  is  round,  and 

affirmed  by  tradition  to  have  been  a  Roman  fortifica- 
tion ;  and  bulwarks  of  great  height  and  thickness  are  still 
to  be  seen  on  the  west  and  north  sides." — Ibid. 

J.  W.  M. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 
Undertones.     By  Robert  Buchanan.     (Moxon.) 
If  Mr.  Buchanan  be  now,  as  we  gather  from  his  Pre- 
face, but  a  mere  'Prentice  in  the  divine  art  of  poesie,  these 
Essays  give  promise,  nay  more,  assurance  that  when  he 


530 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3r<i  S.  IV.  DEC.  26,  '63. 


strikes  his  lyre  with  a  master  hand,  it  will  give  forth 
sounds  to  which  all  lovers  of  true  genius  will  listen  with 
delight.  Deep  thoughts  and  rich  imaginings  clothed  in 
nervous  and  musical  language,  will  commend  these 
Undertones  to  all  lovers  of  song. 

The  Quest  of  the  Sangraal,  Chant  the  First.  By  R.  S. 
Hawker,  Vicar  of  Morwenstow.  (Printed  for  the 
Author.) 

The  search  for  the  Sangraal  has  formed  the  basis  of 
many  of  the  romances  of  chivalry,  and  the  theme  of  many 
poets ;  but  not  one  among  them  has  treated  of 

«  The  Vessel  of  the  Pasch,  Shere-Thursday  night : 
The  self-same  Cup,  wherein  the  faithful  Wine 
Heard  God,  and  was  obedient  unto  Blood," 

with  greater  reverence,  or  a  deeper  poetic  feeling,  than 
Mr.  Hawker,  who  seems  to  have  pondered  over  this  high 
theme  amid  the  surge  and  roar  of  the  wild  waves  which 
surround  his  lonely  vicarage,  until  (he  has  been  forced  to 
give  utterance  to  his  thoughts  in  this  sweet  Chant — the 
First  only  —  but  soon,  we  hope,  to  be  followed  by  many 
others. 

The  Life  and  Adventures  of  Robinson  Crusoe.  By  Daniel 
Defoe.  With  a  Portrait  and  100  Illustrations  by  J.  D. 
Watson.  Engraved  by  the  Brothers  Dalziel.  (Rout- 
lege.) 

The  task  of  furnishing  designs  for  this  edition  de  luxe 
of  De  Foe's  great  work  could  not  have  been  entrusted  to 
an  abler  artist  than  Mr.  Watson,  the  successful  illustrator 
of  Bunyari's  Pilgrim's  Progress.  A  deep  devotional  cha- 
racter pervades  both,  these  masterpieces,  and  this  Mr. 
Watson  is,  we  think,  peculiarly  well  fitted  to  pourtray : 
he  is  always  earnest  in  feeling,  and,  in  the  kindred  spirit 
of  genius,  seeks  to  render  his  talents  as  an  illustrator 
subservient,  rather  than  unduly  prominent,  in  his  zealous 
endeavours  to  interpret  the  meaning  and  uphold  the 
character  of  his  author.  He  is  an  admirable  draughtsman 
also,  and  a  careful  student  of  costume  and  other  archae- 
ological essentials  to  book-designs.  Above  all,  he  is  a 
thorough  English  artist,  and  never  fails  to  impart  the 
stamp  of  the  national  physiognomy  to  all  our  countrymen 
who  figure  in  his  pictures.  The  two  best  of  the  previous 
illustrators  of  Robinson  Crusoe  —  Stothard  and  Grand- 
ville  —  could  hardly  be  said  to  meet  this  requirement: 
the  former  was,  with  all  his  poetic  fancy,  too  vague  in 
marking  strong  character,  and  in  the  representation  of 
unadorned  facts ;  while  the  latter,  as  a  foreigner,  neces- 
sarily failed  in  his  delineation  of  English  manners  and 
features.  To  sum  up  in  a  few  words  —  this  edition  of 
Hobinson  Crusoe  is  the  model  of  a  great  English  classic, 
produced  and  illustrated  in  a  style  worthy  of  the  genius 
of  its  author. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PDBCHASB. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad  - 
dresses  are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 
THE  GREAT  ART  op  ARTILLERY  op  CASIMER  SIMIENSWICZ.    Translated 

from  the  French  by  Geo.  Shelvocke,  Junr.   London:  J.  Toneon,  1789. 
"Wanted  by  Mr.  John  M.  Bodily,  Woolwich. 


GILLY'S  HOR«  CATECHETICJE. 

MEMOIR  op  FELIX  NEFF. 

COTTON  MATHER'S  STUDENT  AND  PASTOR. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  J.  H.  Ellis,  Elham,  Canterbury. 


L 'ENVOY. — It  is  with  no  slight  feeling  of  emotion  that 
We  announce  that  this  Number  of  "  N.  &  Q."  is  the  last 
which  will  be  ushered  into  the  world  under  the  shadow 
of  St.  Dunstan's.  It  will  leave  the  roof  which  has  so 
long  sheltered  it  with  we  believe  the  hearty  "  God  speed 
You !  "  of  its  present  worthy  Publishers,  Messrs.  Bell  & 
Daldy ;  and  with  as  hearty  a  recognition  on  its  own  part 
of  what  it  owes  to  their  care  and  management  during  the 
fourteen  years  which  it  has  been  under  their  charge. 


ta 

We  have  to  apologise  to  several  QUERISTS  and  WRITERS  op  NOTES  for 
postponing  their  communications,  which  we  Itave  been  induced  to  do  by 
our  desire  to  include  in  the  present  Number,  the  last  of  the  volume,  as 
many  Replies  as  possible. 

The  improvements  suggested  by  our  kind  friends,  MR.  BOLTON  CORNET 
and  the  MESSRS.  COOPER,  shall  be  carried  out  as  far  as  possible  in  our 
next  volume. 

Among  other  Papers  of  great  interest  which  will  appear  in  "N.  &  Q.'  ' 
of  Saturday  next,  or  following  week,  are  — 

A  LAW  PASTORAL  BY  THE  LATE  J.  L.  ADOLPHUS. 

UNPUBLISHED  HUMOROUS  AND  SATIRICAL  PAPERS  op   ARCHBISHOP 

LAUD,  by  Mr.  Bruce. 

PARTICULARS  RESPECTING  SIK  WALTER  RALKIGH    bt/  Mr    Collier. 
A  STATE  PAPER  RECTIFIED,  by  Mr.  Solton  Carney. 
WIT,  by  Mr.  P.  Cunningham. 

FASHIONABLE  QUARTERS  op  LONDON,  by  Mr.  Foss. 
EST  ROSA  FLOS  VENERIS,  by  Mr.  Pinkerton. 
EXHIBITION  OF  TAVERN  SIGNS,  by  Dr.  Rimbault. 
RYE-HOUSE  PLOT  PLAYING  CARDS. 

KEV.    P.  RoSENHAGEN   AND  JuXICs'S  LETTERS. 

FURTHER  PARTICULARS  RESPECTING  COLLINS,  THE  AUTHOR  OP  "To- 

WALTER  TRAVERS,  PROVOST  op  DUBLIN. 
ST.  PATRICK  AND  THE  SHAMROCK,  </jrc. 

T.  W.  (Berwick)  is  thanked  for  hi*  reply  respecting  Chrisom,  which  he, 
will  see  has  been  anticipated,-  and  T.  W.  will  admit,  we  are  sure,  the 
propriety  of  our  not  setting  ourselves  up  us  correctors  of  our  neigh- 
bours. 

Hoc.  On  the  origin  of  the  saying  "  After  me  the  Deluge,"  see  "  N.&  Q." 
1st  S.  iii.  299,  397;  v.  619;  andxi.  16. 

R.  I.  Each  gentleman  appears  to  claim  the  version  which  he  pub- 
lishes as  his  own.  Thus  Terence's  Adelphi  is  announceil  in  the  title  as 
construed  literally  andwordfor  word,  by  Dr.  Giles."  The  twoplaysof 
Sophocles  appear  also  as  "  Nova  versione  donatce,  opera  Thomoe  John- 
son, A.M."  Again,  in  his  Dedication,  Mr.  Johnson  fays,  "  Duos  e  So- 
phocleis  quas  tandem  absolvi,  Tragcedias,"  which  seems  to  imply  the 
same  thing.  -  According  to  the  Clergy  List  of  1863.  the  Rev.  J.  S.  Gam- 
men,  M.  A.  is  now  Incumbent  of  Outwooil,  Wakefteld;  and  the  Rev.  John 
Milneri»  entered  as  "  Chaplain  Royal  Navy."  -  As  the  French  trans- 

tion of  Grace  Kennedy's  Works  is  unnoticed  in  the  new  edition  ofBru- 
net,  we  are  unable  to  furnish  the  name  of  the  translator. 

J.  A.  GRIMES  is  thanked  for  his  communication.   Robin's  Last  Shift  , 
1715—16,  was  succeeded  by  The  Shift  Shifted.    (.$'ee"N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  vi. 
374.)    Both  George  Flint,  the  editor,  and  Isaac  Dalton,  the  publisher,  suf- 
fered severely  for  their  Jacobite  /«•/;<<•<>/<  x.    Vide  <>l,lniixon's  History  of 
England,  Geo.  I.  p.  621,  and  Timperley's  Diet,  of  Printing,  p.  614. 

H.  C.  The  list  of  the  proposed  Knights  of  the  Royal  Oak  is  printed  in. 
Surke's  Patrician,  iii.  448,  and  in  other  works  referred  to  in  "  N.  &  Q." 
2nd  S.  i.  455. 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES  "  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
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THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 

Iforniman's  Tea  is  clutice  and  strong,  moderate  in  price,  and  whole- 
some to  use.  These  advantages  have  secured  for  tnis  Tea  a  general 
preference.  It  is  sold  in  packets  by  2,280  Ageuts. 


pa 
W 


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REVOLUTIONS  D'EcossE  BT  D'!RLANDE  EN    1707,  1708,  AND  1709.    'A  la 

Haye,  MDCCLVIII. 
Wanted  by  Mr.  Noel  II,  Robinson,  5,  Devonshire  Road ,  South  Lambeth. 


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3*d  S.  IV.  DEC.  2G,  '63.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1812. 

TTTESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

TT      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIEF  OFFICES  :  S,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.  E.Bicknell.Esq. 

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Directors. 

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on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 

OSTEO      EXDOXr. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

PABRIEL'S     SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

\Jf  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
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MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street, Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth."    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

/CHRISTENING     PRESENTS    in    SILVER.— 

\J  MAPPIN  BROTHERS  beg  to  call  attention  to  their  Extensive 
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Fork,  and  Spoon,  in  Cases,  12.  Is.,  12. 10s.,  22.,  22  10*.,  32.  3*.,  42.  4s.; 
Silver  Basin  and  Spoon,  in  handsome  Cases,  42.  4s.,  62.  6s.,  82.  8s., 
102.10s — MAPPIN  BROTHERS,  Silversmiths,  67  and  68,  King  Wil- 
liam Street,  London  Bridge  ;  and  222,  Regent  Street,  W.  Established 
in  Sheffield  A.D.  1810. 

PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

MAGNOLIA.  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI.  GERA- 
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HOLLOW  AY'S  OINTMENT  AND  PILLS.— 
USEFUL  KNOWLEDGE. -The  successful  treatment  of  the 
great  mass  of  disease  is  not  so  great  a  mystery  as  many  may  suppose. 
Purify  the  blood  and  disease  departs.  Holloway's  remedies  effect  this 
purification  most  satisfactorily  and  completely.  Both  medicaments 
may  be  beneficially  used  by  the  most  inexperienced,  under  whose  care 
the  very  worst  of  cases  will  progress  favourably  and  terminate  hap- 
pily by  using  Holloway's  renowned  remedies  according  to  the  instruc- 
tions which  are  printed  and  wrapped  round  each  pot  and  box.  They 
speedily  rectify  all  functional  disorders,  and  will  be  found  superior  to 
all  other  means  for  mitigating  the  sufferings  of  those  unfortunately  | 
affected  by  incurable  maladies.  The  discoverer  of  these  health-pre- 
serving and  health-restoring  remedies  has,  with  justice,  been  called  the 
"  General  Benefactor  of  Mankind." 


TMPERIAL    LIFE    INSURANCE    COMPANY, 

_l_  1,  OLD  BROAD  STREET,  B.C. 

Instituted  A.D.  1820. 

A  SUPPLEMENT  to  the  PROSPECTUS,  showing  the  advantages 
of  the  Bonus  System,  may  be  had  on  application  to 

8AMUEL  INGALL,  Actuary. 

THE  LIVERPOOL  AND  LONDON  FIRE  AND 

JL  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY, 

At  the  ANNUAL  MEETING  of  the  Proprietors  in  this  Company, 

held  on  Thursday,  25th  of  February,  1863, 

JAMES  ASPINALL  TOBIN,  Esq.,  in  the  Chair. 

The  Report  of  the  Directors  for  the  year  1862  was  read;  it  showed:— 

That  the  Fire  Premiums  of  the  year  were       -  £436,065   0   0 

Against  those  in  1861,  which  were     -----       360,131    0    0 

Giving  an  increase  in  1862  of     ------       £75,934    0    0 

That  the  new  Life  business  comprised  the  issue  of  785 

Policies,  insuring     --------       467,334    0    0- 

On  which  the  annual  premiums  were       -       -       -       -         13,935    7  11 

That  there  was  added  to  the  Life  reserve         -  79,277  1 1    4 

That  the  balance  of  undivided  profit  was  increased    -        25,725   9    7 
That  the  invested  funds  of  the  Company  amounted  to  -    1,417,808   8   4 

In  reference  to  the  very  large  increase  of  £76,ooo  in  the  Fire  Premiums 
of  the  year,  it  was  remarked  in  the  Report:  "  The  Premiums  paid  to  a 
company  are  the  measure  of  that  company's  business  of  all  kinds  ;  the 
Directors,  therefore,  prefer  that  test  of  progress  to  any  the  duty  col- 
lected may  afford,  as  that  applies  to  only  a  part  of  a  company's  busi- 
ness; and  a  large  share  of  that  part  may  be,  and  often  is,  re-insured 
with  other  offices.  In  this  view  the  yearly  addition  to  the  Fire  Pre- 
miums of  the  Liverpool  and  London  Company  must  be  very  gratifying 
to  the  proprietors." 

Fire  Policies  falling  due  at  Christmas  should  be  renewed  on  or  before 
Jan.  9th. 

SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 
JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 

•\TORTH  BRITISH   AND  MERCANTILE 

J_l  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  1809. 
Incorporated  by  Royal  Charter  and  Special  Acts  of  Parliament. 

Accumulated  and  Invested  Funds £2,1 22,8i8 

Annual  Revenue £122,401 

LONDON  BOARD. 

JOHN  WHITE  CATER,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  MORRISON,  Esq.,  Deputy-Chairman, 


A.  De  Arroyave,  Esq. 
Edward  Cohen,  Esq. 
James  Du  Buisson,  Esq. 
P.  Du  Pre  Grenfell,  Esq. 
A.  Klockmann,  Esq. 


John  Mollett,  Esq. 
Junius  S.  Morgan,  Esq. 
G.  Garden  Nicol,  Esq. 
John  H.  Wm.  Schroder,  Esq. 
George  Young,  Esq. 

Ex-DlRECTOBS. 

A.  H.  Campbell,  Esq.  P.  P.  Ralli,  Esq. 

P.  C.  Cavan,  Esq.  I  Robert  Smith,  Esq. 

Frederic  Somes,  Esq. 

Manager  of  Fire  Department— George  H.  Whyting. 
Superintendent  ofForeiyn  Department — G.  H.  Burnett. 

Secretary — F.  W.  Lance. 
General  Manager—  David  Smith. 

FIRE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  Company  grants  Insurances  against  Fire  in  the  United  King- 
dom, and  all  Foreign  Countries. 

Mercantile  risks  m  the  Port  of  London  accepted  at  reduced  rates. 

Losses  promptly  and  liberally  settled. 

Foreign  Kiski.  —  The  Directors  having  a  practical  knowledge  of 
Foreign  Countries  are  prepared  to  issue  Policies  on  the  most  favour- 
able terms.  In  all  cases  a  discount  will  be  allowed  to  Merchants  and 
others  effecting  such  insurances. 

LIFE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  following  Statement  exhibits  the  improvement  effected  during 
the  last  few  years :  — 

No.  of  Policies          Sums.  Premiums, 

issued.                    4.  £.     s.  d. 

1858  ....           455        ....        377,425        ....  12,565  18    8 

1859  ....           605        ....        449,913        ....  14,070    1    6 

1860  ....           741        ....        475,649        ....  14,071  17    7 

1861  ....           785        ....        527,626        ....  16,553    2    9 

1862        1,037        768,334        23,641    0    0 

Thus  in  five  years  the  number  of  Policies  issued  was  3,623,  assuring 

the  large  sum  of  2,928,9472. 

The  leading  features  of  the  Office  are  :— 

1.  Entire  Security  to  Assurers. 

2.  The  large  Bonus  Additions  already  declared,  and  the  prospect  of  a 
further  Bonus  at  the  next  investigation. 

3.  The  advantages  afforded  by  the  varied  Tables  of  Premiums— unre- 
stricted conditions  of  Policies— and  general  liberality  in  dealing  with 
the  Assured. 

Forms  of  Proposal  and  every  information  will  be  furnished  on  appli- 
cation at  the 

Head  Offices  :  LONDON 58,  Threadneedle  Street. 

4,  New  Bank- buildings. 

EDINBURGH 64, Princes  Street. 

WEST-END  OFFICE  :  8,  WATERLOO-PLACE,  Pall  Mall. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"»  S.  IV.  DEC.  26,  '63. 


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INDEX. 


THIBD   SERIES.— VOL.   IV. 


[For  classified  articles,  see  ANONYMOUS  WORKS,  BOOKS  RECENTLY  PUBLISHED,  EPIGRAMS,  EPITAPHS,  FOLK  LOBE, 
.PROVERBS  AND  PHRASES,  QUOTATIONS,  SHAKSPERIANA,  AND  SONGS  AND  BALLADS.] 


A. 


A.  on  Queen's  memorial  to  the  Prince  Consort,  45 
A.  de  F.  on  wand  of  Grand  Master  of  Templars,  307 
A.  (A.)  on  binding  a  stone  in  a  sling,  96 

Boleyn  (Anne),  a  term  of  opprobrium,  404 

Claret  making,  a  tenure,  411 

Cleanliness  next  to  godliness,  419 

Crush  a  cup,  97 

Devil,  a  proper  name,  418 

Foxhangre,  a  proper  name,  419 

Gundulf  (Bp.),  and  his  architecture,  321 

Gunpowder  in  the  reign  of  Kichard  II.,  393. 

Salmon  (Mrs.),  wax-work,  373 

Signs,  incongruous,  449 

St  Mary  Matfelon,  419 

Tedded  grass,  430 

Wellington  a  cannibal,  412 
Abdy  (Rev.  Wm.  Jarvis),  epitaph,  227 
Abhba  on  Lieut.-Gen.  John  Adlercron,  304 

Anonymous  works,  11,  48,  371 

Ancient  custom,  313 

Archidiaconal  visitations  in  Ireland,  267 

Ballsbridge,  near  Dublin,  208 

Booterstown,  near  Dublin,  339 

Campbell's  "  Hohenlinden  "  parodied,  209 

Dublin  Magazine,  372 

Dublin  University  Review,  110 

Exempt  jurisdiction  of  Newry  and  Monrne,  351 

Gomme  (Sir  Bernard  de),  338 

"  Letters  on  Literature,"  the  author,  110 

"  Memoirs  of  Nine  Living  Characters,"  411 

Mulready  (Wm.),  his  birth-place,  324 

Notes  on  Sermons,  110 

"  Periodical  Press,"  its  author,  326 

Plunket  (Lord),  letter,  278 

Political  economy,  288 

Sefton   (Earl  of),  a  Roman  Catholic  priest,  198, 
317 

St.  Helen's,  Abingdon,  account  books,  478 

Tenures  of  land  in  Ireland,  395 

"  Thoughts  on  the  early  Irish  Nation,1'  24S 

Titles  borne  by  clergymen,  235 

William  III.,  anonymous  works  on,  230 


Abingdon,  accompts  of  St.  Helen's  parish,  477 

Abraxas,  the  two  genders,  166 

Acland  family,  452 

Adam  (Ben),  MS.  History  of  Lynn  Regis,  326. 

Adamnan,  his  works,  162 

Adams  (G.  E.)  on  summer  of  1724,  126 

Adams  (Richard),  minor  poet,  527 

Adams  (Sarah  Flower),  hymn,  247,  279 

Addis  (John)  on  paint  and  patches,  378 

Vixen,  or  fixen,  463 

Addison  (John),  architect,  epitaph,  437,  529 
Addison  (Joseph)  and  the  Spectator,  146,  507 
Adlercron  (Lieut.-Gen.  John),  304,  383,  460 
Adultery,  punished  with  loss  of  eyes,  7,  94 
Advocates'  library,  discovery  of  rare  works,  2 
A.  (E.  H.)  on  Dale  in  co.  Cumberland,  432 

Dagnia  family,  319 

Father  and  son,  450 

Heath  beer,  311 

Ostrich,  an  emblem  of  faith,  470 
'Paganism  in  France,  394 

Sefton  (Earl  of),  317 

Superstition  in  Siberia,  82 
Aerostation   in    1607,    146,    194;   Darwin's   lines  on 

276 

Africa,  Ptolemy's  knowledge  of,  105 
Agricola's  victory  in  Scotland,  7 1 
Agrippa  (Cornelius)  on  the  morals  of  the  clergy,  387 
Ainger  (Alfred)  on  frith  silver,  477 

Macklin's  lecture  on  Oratory,  237 

Tedded  grass,  524 

Airth  (Lord),  his  "  Complaints,"  186,  257 
A.  (J.)  on  heath  beer,  311 

Great  guns,  463 
A.  (J.  S.)  on  ancient  wrought  iron  artillery,  446 

Cook's  Castle,  near  Shanklin,  88 

Albert  (Prince),  the  Queen's  memorial  to  him  at  Bal- 
moral, 45,  217 

Albion  and  her  white  roses,  109,  193,  274 
"  Albion  Magazine,"  1835.  wanted,  350 
Alcohol,  its  derivation,  363 
Aldersey  (Thomas),  merchant  adventurer,  437 
Alexander  the  Great,  a  play  on  the  words,  324 
Alfeknight  (Ralph),  origin  of  name,  325 


532 


INDEX. 


Alfred  (King),  of  Northumberland,  324 
Algiers,  Spanish  expedition  against,  432,  518 
'AAifus  on  an  anonymous  work,  461 

Bowden  (Rev.  Samuel),  504 

Fowke  (Joseph),  360 

Leighton  (Abp.),  bis  library,  131 
Alleyn  (Edward),  actor,  367 
Alliteration  :  "  Siege  of  Belgrade,"  88,  315 
Allworth  family,  268 
Almanacs,  ancient,  184 
Alre'ennes,  les  Trois,  374 
America  and  tbe  see  of  London,  84 
America,  British  regiments  there  in   1755-1760,  29, 

135 

American  army  movements,  a  song,  496 
American  major-generals,  344 
Ammergau  mystery,  473,  528 
Amsterdam,  the  flasphuys  and  Spinhouse,  371,  518 

Anderson  (Robert),  Cumbrian  poet,  34 

Angelic  vision  of  the  dying,  351,  435 
Animal  sent  to  Ireland  by  Henry  VI.,  71 
Animals,  their  capacity  for  religion,  414,  507 
Anne  (Queen),  snuff-boxes  presented  by,  8 

Anonymous  Works:  — 

Adventures  of  Naufragus,  497 

Antidote,  1719,  289      t 

Bickerstaffe  (Isaac),' Predictions  for  1708,  289 

Black  Gowns  and  Red  Coats,  138,  219 

Brunoniad,  122    ••  **»»J  /  *•*  . 

Charles  I.,  The  Life  and  Reigne  of,  1651,  355 

Concealed  Fansyes,  506  i...  •  .< 

Contest  of  the  Twelve  Nations,  11 

Divinity  and  Philosophy  Dissected,  246 

Eiko  i  Basilike  Deutera,  410 

Exhibition,  or  a  Second  Anticipation,  497 

Fragments,  Original  and  Translated,  325 

Helpe  to  Discourse,  50 

Ireland:  True  and  Impartial  Historv  of  its  Wars, 

48 

Index  to  Mankind,  229,  254 
Leisure  Moments,  325 
Letters  from  Snowdon,  267 
Letters  from  the  Kingdom  of  Kerry,  461 
Letters  on  Literature,  110,  134 
Looking  Glass,  15 
Loves  of  an  Apothecary,  292 
Memoirs  of  Nine  Living  Characters,  411 
Midwife,  or  Old  Woman's  Magazine,  229,  254 
Miserere  mei  Domine:  Five  Hymns,  472 
Oxford  Spy,  153 

Periodical  Press  of  Great  Britain,  326 
Pilgrim's  Progress  from  Methodism  to  Christianity, 

Puritan  turned  Jesuit,  131 
Round  Preacher,  27 
Secret  History  of  Europe,  476 
Serious  and  Comical  Essays,  111 
Thoughts  on  Early  Ages  of  the  Irish  Nation,  248 
Three  Letters  on  the  Present  State  of  Italy,  164 
Tudor,  a  Prince  of  Wales,  326 
Vaccine  Phantasmagoria,  13 
Visit  to  Dublin,  529    ; 
Whole  Duty  of  Man,  231 

William  III.,  An  Impartial   History  of  the  Plots 
and  Conspiracies,  230,  300 


Anonymous  Works :  — 

William  III.,  a  True  History  of  the  Designs  and 
Conspiracies  230,  300 

Woolsonbury  Nymphs,  373 
Anspach  (Theodore),  his  tomb,  473 
Antiquarius  on  the  Knights  Hospitallers,  11,  30 
Antiquus  on  Book  of  Sports,  270 
Apothecaries'  Company,  arms  on  a  seal,  69,  99 
Apparitions  and  ghost  stories,  68 
Apsley,  Strickland,  and  Wynne  families,  6 
Aquarium,  early,  431 
Archid iaconal  visitations  in  Ireland,  267 
Architectural  Publication  Society's  alphabet,  292 
Anlen,  account  of  the  Forest,  120 
Annistead  (Edwin)  on  Vixen,  389 
Armorial  bearings,  right  to  continue,  229,  312,  381 
Arnauld  (Antoine),  Port-Royalist,  63,  131 
Arnold  (John),  chronometer-maker,  527 
ArtHtery,  ancient  wronght-iron,  446 
Ashficld  (C.  J.)  on  Cloudberry,  a  plant,  39 

Cowthorpc  oak  in  Yorkshire,  69 

Ashmore  (John)  translator  of"  Odes  of  Horace,"  112. 
Ashpitel  (Arthur),  "  The  A.  P.  S.  Alphabet,"  292. 
Askenvell,  Dorset,  parish  registers,  22 
Aspland  (R.  B.)  on  Joseph  Hunter's  biography,  432 
Ass,  the  Feast  of  the,  487 

Astley  church,  co.  Worcester,  carved  head  in,  228 
Aston,  North,  Oxfordshire,  204,  336 
Astrolabe  and  Jacob's  staff,  70,  113,  197,  239 
Atkinson,  governor  of  Senegal,  185 
Aubrey  (John),  Staffordshire  ghost  story,  395,  524 
Auction  sale  of  an  estate,  the  earliest,  109 
Auctions  in  Cumberland,  410,  526 
Audley  (Lord)  of  Walden,  London  residence,  449 
Aurerell  (William),  noticed,  166 
Austrian  motto,  the  five  vowels,  304 
Authors,  their  Christian  names,  164,  258 
Axtell  (Nathaniel),  noticed,  497 

B. 

B.  on  merchants'  and  tradesmen's  marks,  463 
Thomas,  Earl  of  Norfolk,  his  wives,  198 

B.  Htill,  on  Alex.  Selkirk's  cup  and  crest,  348 

0.  on  Guido  Fawkcs's  parentage,  249 
Pseudo-Sliakspeare  confession,  168 

B.  (A.)  on  merchants'  marks,  413 

Baal  worship,  168,  251,  318 

Backare,  its" signification,  203,  363 

Badges  for  learned  and  other  societies,  244 

Bagendon  (W.  D.)  on  blood  thicker  than  water,  1 74 

Baily  (Alichaei),   the  original  of  Westall's  Woodman, 
392 

Bainbridge  family,  lo,  178 

Bainbridge  (Card.  Christopher),  16 

Bainbridge  (Dr.  John),  physician  and  astronomer,  16 

Bairn's  (i.  e.  child's)  piece,  82 

Baker-legged,  a  provincialism,  27 

Baker  (Richard  Westbrook),  78 

Baldifout  from  Ashantee,  166 

Ball  (Rev.  John),  noticed,  39 

Ballads,  counterfeit,  284 

Ballsbridge,  near  Dublin,  its  derivation.  203 

Balmoral  memorial  c»irn,  45,  217 

Ban,  or  Bari,  of  the  Hindoos,  16G 

Banqueting-house,  Whitehall,  196 


INDEX. 


533 


Baptism  of  bells,  246,  381,  440 

Baptismal  names,  objectionable  ones,  508 

Barbour  (John)  Hart's  edition  of  "  The  Bruce,"  1 

Barefoot  (John),  letter-carrier  at  Oxford,  434 

Barkwood  (Lord),  inquired  after,  127 

Barley  wine,  399 

Barn,  mossing  one,  28,  59 

Barnard  (J.  H.)  on  collection  of  Peter's  pence,  49 

Barnes  (Juliana),  "  The  Book  of  St.  Albans,"  368 

Barnes  (W.)  on  Huisb,  a  local  name,  128 

Baron-Bailie  Courts  in  Scotland,  515 

Barrett  family,  410 

Barringtons,  epigram  on  the  two.  245 

Barry  (Rev.  Richard),  Rector  of  Upton  Scudamore,  227 

Barthelemy  (Dom),  his  Life,  63 

Bartholomew  (St.)  church,  Smithfield,  308 

Bartlet  (Sir  Thomas),  date  of  his  death  223 

Bastard  family  of  Kitley,  250 

Bat,  its  habits,  86 

Bates  (Wm.)  on  the  bibliography  of  the  Devil.  478 

Michael  Johnson,  &c.,  388,  520 

"  Jolly  Nose,"  a  drinking  song,  488 

Landseer's  Fable  of  the  Monkey,  400 

Letter  of  S.  T.  Coleridge,  467 

Settle  (Elkanah),  394 

Swing,  the  rick-burner,  440 

Bath,  beggars  punished  at,  47;  Hospital,  134,  256 
Baxter  (W.  E.)  on  Charity,  a  poem,  257 

Davy  (Ellis),  his  seal,  372 

Lewes  and  its  annual  commemoration,  209 

London  University,  its  history,  247 

Pew  rents,  443 

Postal  system,  355 
Baylie  (Richard),   Dean   of    Salisbury,   inscription   on 

Charles  I.,  441 

Bayley  (C.  H.)  on  Walsall-leggecl,  119 
Bayly,  or  Bayley  family,  351 

B.  (C.),  Madeira,  on  Anne  B-jleyn,  a  term  of  oppro- 
brium, 245 

B.  (C.'A.)  on  satirical  epitaph  on  Charles  II.,  259 
B.  (C.  W.)  ou  Cockpit  at  Whitehall.  71 

Epigram,  59 

Shakspeare  genealogy,  264 
B.  (D  )  on  Rev.  William  Eastmead,  258 
B.  (E.)  on  Bradmoor  church,  27 
Beef-eaters  at  fairs,  72 
Bealby  family,  393 

Beamont  (W.)  on  song  of  the  battle  of  Hexham,  56 
Bean  feasts,  their  origin,  186,  260 
Boattie  (Dr.  James),  work  on  "  Scoticisms,''  225,  272 
Beattie  (James),  early  edition  of  his  Poems,  319 
Beaumont  (Mrs.  Agnes),  Autobiography,  300 
B.  (E.  C.)  on  Mirabeau  a  spy,  278 
Bode  (Cuthbert)  on  Baker  and  Walsall-legged,  27 

Boone  (James  Shergold),  138 

Christian  names,  369 

Dossity,  its  derivation,  349 

Fly,  carriage  so  called,  345 

Heath  beer,  383 

Kemble's  version  of  the  Tempest,  44 

Lincolnshire  proverb,  82 

Mulberries,  a  Shakspearian  club.  474 

Mackinlay  and  the  Laird  of  Largie,  492 

Oxford  feu  (Tesprit,  47 

Pen-tooth,  491 

Pershore  bush-houses,  141 


Bede  (Cuthbert)  on  Provincial  newspapers,  38 

St.  Clement's  day  custom,  492 

Sermons  upon  Inoculation,  95 

Shades,  a  public-house  bar,  391 

Spurgeon  and  George  Herbert,  165 

Swing  (Capt.),  rick-burner,  398 

Stir-up  Sunday,  495 

Bede  (the  Venerable),  "  Commentary  on  the  Penta- 
teuch," 127;  his  "Circuli,"  497 

Bedford  (Jacquetta,  Duchess  of),  her  mother,  259,  260 
Bedfordshire  16th  regiment,  its  honours,  84 
i  Bed-gown  and  night-dress,  246,  332,  439,  460 
i   Bedlam  burial  ground,  85 
I  Bedwell  (Rev.  Win.),  date  of  liis  death,  228 
Beefmgton  (Milor),  in  "  The  Rovers,"  452 
Beggars  punished  at  Bath,  47 
Beisly  (S.)  on  Dark  House,  308 

Eglantine=honeysuckle,  305 
Beke  and  Speke  families,  86,  156 
Beke  (Charles)  on  Thornton  family,  412 
Bell,  tradition  of  the  wooden,  433 
Bell  inscriptions,  208 
Bell  literature,  52,  96 
Bell  motto,  325 
Bolls,  baptism  of,  246,  381,  440;  Dr.  Parr's  fondness 

for,  257;  peals  of  twelve,  96,  137,  240,  297 
Bells  of  Spain,  6 
:  ell  (Dr.  Wm.)  on  Gresham  arms  at  Ilferd,  175 

Jacob's  staff,  115 

Proverb  in  Apuleius,  157 

Ptolemy  on  Africa  and  the  Nile,  105 

Treacle  and  oyster  grottoes,  192 
Bellas  (George),  inquired  after,  146,  219,  256 
Belloy  (Card.  John  Baptist  de),  longevity,  107 
Benedict  XIV.,  his  election  to  the  popedom,  166,  260 
Bensly  (Agnes)  on  Schiller's  Song  of  the  Bell,  26G 
Berkeley  (Bishop),  new  edition  of  his  Works,  470 
Bermuda,  its  climate,  397 
Berne,  four  Dominican  friars  burnt,  498 
Berry,  or  Bury,  a  field  at  Bignor,  304,  401,  482,  529 
Beta  on  satirical  epitaph  on  Charles  II.,  189 
Bethel  (Slingsby),  sheriff,  186 
Bethel  (Slingsby),  Lord  Mayor  and  M.P.,  186 
Bewitched,  relief  for  the,  184  ... 

B.  (F.  C.)  on  Fast,  a  provincialism,  363 

Gibraltar,  362 

Heath  beer,  311 

March  (Charles),  529    _ 

Wife-sale,  324 

B.  (H.  A)  on  Burnet  family,  146 
!  Bhagavadgita,  an  epic  poem,  166,  238,  279,  339 
j  Biaritz,  its  locality,  166 

Bible,  authorised  Commentary,  424;  the  Treacle,  327 
Bible  translators,  dates  of  their  death,  228,  278,  314, 

379 
Bibliothecar.  Chetham.  on  General  Literary  Index,  162 

Pamphlet,  its  derivation,  315 

Parr  (Dr.),  love  of  campanology,  257 

Source  of  the  Nile,  13 

Bibliotheque  Imperiale,  Paris,  admission  to,  364 
Biddulph  (Charles),  note  in  his  book,  108 
Bigot,  its  derivation,  39,  98,  137,  171 
Billingsgate,  the  Dark  House,  308 
Bills  of  Mortality,  number  of  parishes,  166,  219 
Billyng  (Wm.),  "  The  Five  Wounds  of  Christ,"  1 13,  172 
Bingham  (C,  W.)  on  Bridport  history,  75 


534 


INDEX. 


Bingham  (C.  W.)  on  Benedict  XIV.,  260 
Codex  Vaticanus,  edit.  1859,  473 
Handborough  church,  inscription,  508 
Hopton  family,  95 
Irving's  Greek  Testament,  352 
Melanchthon,  421,  498 
Eobinson  (Rob.)  and  Cousin  Phillis,  458 
"  Siege  of  Belgrade,"  315 

Birch  (Mr.  Serjeant  John),  Cursitor  Baron,  319,  402 
Birmingham,  first  book  printed  there,  388,  459,  520 
Birth  and  death,  coincidence  of,  166,  256 
Bishops'  mitre,  419 
Bishops'  robes,  267,  359 
Bishopstone  church,  its  sun-dial.  230 
Bis-sextile  year,  why  the  24th  February,  209,  257 
Bivouac,  its  orthography,  86 
B.  (J.)  on  Bishops'  robes,  267 
Greek  pronunciation,  216 
Msevins,  early  notice  of,  168 
B.  (J.),  jun.  on  early  paper  mill,  298 
B.  (J.),  Derby,  on  Bishops'  robes,  360 
B.  (J.  M'C.),  Tasmania,  on  Sir  Anthony  Browne,  355 
.Trollope's  monument  at  Gateshead,  354 
Willis  of  Kirkoswald,  co.  Cumberland,  396 
Blackbeard  (Isaac)  of  Whitby,  372 
Blackguard,  its  meaning,  295,  339 
Blacklists,  noticed,  64 
Black  Monday,  6,  58 
Blackwood's  Magazine,  author  of  "  The  World  we  Live 

in,"  410 

Blades  (Wm.)  on  a  bibliographical  anecdote,  368 
Indulgences  printed  by  Caxton,  387 
Sedechias,  a  philosopher,  9 

Blair  (D.),  Melbourne,  on  Blackwood's  Magazine,  410 
Crabbe's  poem  "  The  Levite,"  375 
De  Quincey's  Works,  393 
"  Eikon  Basilike  Deutera,"  410 
Van  Etten's  Mathematical  Recreation,  355 
Blair  (Rev.  David),  father  of  the  poet,  letter,  426 
Blair  (Robert),  plagiarism  in  "  The  Grave,"  392,  442 ; 

letter  of  his  father,  426 

Blast  furnace,  strange  production  from,  146,  217,  298 
Blencowe  (R.  W.)  on  Herbert  family,  229 
Blewett  (John)  of  Axbridge,  his  will,  125 
Blomfield  (Bp  ),  Greek  phrase  in  his  Glossary,  1 67,  197, 

240,  255,  319,  339,  442 
Blotting-paper,  its  early  use,  497 
Blount  family  of  Bitton,  228,  298 
Blownorton  clock,  6 
Bloxam  family  gathering,  409 
B.  (M.)  on  heraldic  query,  372 

"  Josephine's  Address  to  Napoleon,"  411 
"  Boadicea,"  a  play,  69,  139 
Boating  proverbs,  370,  436 
Bobart  (H.  T.)  on  Dr.  John  Bainbridge,  16 

Provincial  newspapers,  38 
Bochart,  its  pronunciation,  109,  157,  217,  361 
Bockett  (Julia  R.)  on  Bainbtigg  family,  178 

Dudley  family  of  Coventry,  7 
Boggle,  a  provincialism,  108 
Bohme  (Jacob),  his  theology,  405. 
Bohun  (Mary),  wife  of  Henry  IV.,  wardrobe  accounts, 

188. 
Boleyn  (Anne),  a  term  of  opprobrium,  245,  404;  her 

grave,  36. 
Bombastes  Furioso,  origin  of  the  name,  451 


Bone  (J.  W.)  on  London  University,  317 

Book  Exchange,  40,  79 

"  Book  of  St.  Albans,"  the  adventures  of  &  copy,  368 

"  Book  of  Sports,"  its  bibliography,  270 

Books  bought  by  the  ton,  25,  253 

Books,  oil-stains  removed  from,  495 

Books,  three  of  the  most  popular  in  1 594,  470 

Books  recently  published :  — 

Afternoon  Lectures  on  English  Literature,  423 

Army  Lists  of  Roundheads  and  Cavaliers,  120 

Arnold  Delahaize,  363 

Autograph  Souvenir,  384 

Buchanan's  Undertones,  529 

Bede  (Cuthbert),  Tour  in  Tartan  Land,  40 

Book  of  Common  Prayer,  ornamented,  463 

Brace's  Races  of  the  Old  Worlds,  60 

Brace's  Wallet  Book  of  the  Roman  Wall,  160 

Burns's  Poems  and  Songs,  384 

Calendar  of  State  Papers,  Foreign  Series,  1558— 

1559,  404 

Chronicles  and  Memorials  of  Great  Britain  and 
Ireland:  History  of  the  Chartulary  of  St.  Peter, 
Gloucester,  444 
Census  of  British  Empire,  364 
Chetham  Society  :  Histoiy  of  the   Chantries  of 

Lancaster,  100" 

Clarke's  Shakspeare  Characters,  200 
Cresswell's  History  of  Printing  in  Nottingham- 
shire, 78. 

Grossman's  Young  Man's  Meditation,  200 
Crnikshank's  Discovery  concerning  Ghosts,  120 
Dagmer's  (Queen)  Cross,  384 
Defoe's  Robinson  Crusoe,  530 
Denise,  by  the  author  of  Mademoiselle  Mori,  40 
Doyle's  Chronicle  of  England,  384 
De  la  Rue's  Diary  and  Calendar,  463,  510 
Edwards's  Portraits  of  Men  of  Eminence,  60 
Fine  Arts  Quarterly  Review,  78,  483 
Foster's  Essays  on  Decision  of  Character,  364 
Fountains  Abbey,  Memorials  of,  404 
Gaspey's  Guide  to  Tunbridge  Wells,  220 
Giraldus  Cambrensis,  Historical  Works,  100,  279 
Good  Things  for  Railway  Readers,  220 
Hampole's  Pricke  of  Conscience,  423 
Hawker's  Quest  of  the  Sangraal,  530 
Herald  and  Genealogist,  78 
Hervey's  Feast  of  Camelot,  363 
History  of  the  Holy  Cross,  424 
Hoare's  English  Words  from  Latin  Roots,  120 
Home  and  Foreign  Review,  320 
Journal  of  Sacred  Literature,  320 
Lewin's  Siege  of  Jerusalem,  463 
Lirriper's  (Mrs.)  Lodgings,  484 
London,  Chronicles  of  the  Mayors  and  Sheriffs,  and 

the  French  Chronicle,  translated  by  Riley,  39 
Longfellow's  Tales  of  a  Wayside  Inn,  423 
Longman's  Lectures  on  the  History  of  England,  60 
Low's  Charities  of  London,  1 60 
Lowndes'  Bibliographer's  Manual,  320 
New  Testament  Illustrated,  444 
Nicholls's  Forest  of  Dean,  320 
Novello  (Vincent),  Life  and  Labours,  444 
Phillimore's  Reign  of  George  the  Third,  20 
Prior's  Popular  Names  of  British  Plants,  444 
Quarterly  Review,  100,  364 


INDEX. 


535 


Books  recently  published :  — 

Rawdon  (Marmaduke),  bis  Life,  160 
Sandys's  History  of  the  Violin,  509 
Sedgwick's  Index  to  Hymn  Writers,  200 
Shakspeare's  Works,  by  Clark  and  Glover,  20;  re- 
printed by  Booth,  510 
Shakspeare's  Works,  by  Dyce,  483 
Sharpe's  Egyptian  Mythology,  78 
Sherer's  Desk-book  of  English  Synonyn:es,  463 
Sir  Guy  de  Guy,  510 
Smiles's  Industrial  Biography,  444 
I        Smith's  History  of  the  World,  483 

Surtees  Society:    Heraldic  Visitations  of  the  Nor- 
thern Counties,  100 
Sussex  Archseological  Collections,  220 
Taylor's  German  Fairy  Tales,  364 
Walbran's  Memorials  of  Fountains  Abbey,  404 
Wheeler's  Hand-Book  of  Cotton  Cultivation,  364 
Willcock  on  the  Ocean,  River,  and  Shore,  160 
Williams's  Dogs  and  their  Ways,  424 
Worcester  and  Worcestershire  Antiquities,  60 
Year-Books,  temp.  Edward  I.,  220 

Bookbinding,  ancient,  448 

Bookworm  on  Mirabeau,  a  spy,  226 

Boone  (Rev.  James  Shergold),  35,  98,  138,  153,  299 

Booterstown,  near  Dublin,  276,  339 

Booth  (John)  on  epigram  by  DTsraeli,  128 

Epigram  on  Lord  John  Russell,  129,  217 

Gray's  epigram  on  Dr.  Smith,  268 

Hook  (Theodore),  lines  on  Moore,  128 

Johnson  (Dr.),  portraits,  209 

Schwartzenburg's  epigram  on  bayonets,  129 
Booth  (Joseph),  polygraphic  exhibition,  393 
Boscobel  (T.  C.)  on  Vitruvius  in  English,  279 
Boswell  (James),  his  ride  to  Tyburn,  186,  232 
Boucher  and  Bowden  at  St.  Dunstan's,  325 
Bouman,  a  Scottish  farm  servant,  37,  95,  173 
Bourne  (Vincent),  epitaph,  515 
Bowden  (Rev.  John),  of  Frome,  431,  504 
Bowes  family  and  the  rising  in  the  North,  8 
Bowie  (Rev.  John),  noticed,  227,  334 
Bowles  family,  437 

Bowser  (W.  A.)  on  Alessandro  Stradella,  9 
Boyd  (Hugh  Stuart),  biography,  458 
Boyle  (Charles),  son  of  the  first  Earl,  496 
Braddon  (Laurence),  and   the  death  of  the   Earl   of 

Essex,  500 

Bradmoor  church,  near  Nottingham,  27 
Brannock  (St.),  traditionary  notices,  29 
Bray  family  pedigree,  28,  98,  173 
Brent  (Algernon)  on  Peter  Dos,  a  poet,  186 
Bretagne,  saints  of,  353 
Brettingham  (Matthew),  architect,  458 
"  Breviary  of  Aberdeen,"  early  edition,  1 
Brian,  King  and  martyr,  304,  360 
Bridport,  its  local  history,  27,  75,  133,  139,  176 
Bright  (Geo.).  Dean  of  St.  Asaph,  family,  305 
Bristol  (John  Hervey,  Earl  of),  noticed,  147 
Brockman  (Rev.  Thomas),  noticed,  37 
Brodie  family  of  Lethen,  209 
Brodie  (Deacon),  name  of  his  mother,  372 
Brooke  (Sir  Basil),  of  Madeley,  Shropshire,  81,  136 
Brooks  (Thomas),  birth-place  and  birth-date,  228 
Brown  (J.  A.)  on  Fiamboruugb.  tower,  231,  315 
Browne  family  gathering,  462 


Browne  (Sir  Anthony),  portraits,  355,  528 

Browne  (Claude  Scott),  Mrs.  Hemans's  brother,  324, 

360 
Browne  (Lieut  -Col.  George),  youngest  brother  of  Mrs. 

Hemans,  482 

Bryans  (J.  W.)  on  herald  query,  69 
Bryndley  family  of  Wistaston,  &c.,  arms,  50 
B.  (S.)  on  James  Burnet,  landscape  painter.  292 
B.  (T.)  on  origin  of  bean  feasts,  186 

Braddon  (Laurence),  500 

Davy  (John),  musical  composer,  396 

Executions  for  murder,  335,  506 

Franchise  in  Greenock.  296 

Goose  tenure,  268 

Parody  by  Gostling,  244 

Potato  and  point,  496 

Potwalloping  franchise,  168 

Shurley  (J.),  499 

Southcott  (Joanna),  works,  476 

Sermons  upon  Inoculation,  13 

Sterne  (Laurence),  400 

Swing,  339 

Thompson  (Rev.  Peter),  337 

Upper  Eldon  parish,  266 

Yorkshire  words  and  phrases,  108 

Zincography,  339. 
B.  (T.  M.)  on  Cowthorpe  oak,  432 
B  (T.  N.)  on  "  Miller  of  the  Dee,"  its  locale,  49 
Buchanan  (James),  "  Pronouncing  Dictionary,"  521 
Buckingham  water-gate,  108,  173 
Buckton  (T.  J.)  on  bed-gown  and  night-dress,  332 

Bhagavadgita,  an  epic  poem,  238,  339 

Binding  a  stone  in  a  sling,  137,  259 

Bishops'  robes,  359 

Bissextile  day,  257 

Boating  proverb,  436 

Bochart,  its  pronunciation,  157 

Christiern  (Prince)  of  Denmark,  96,  197 

Coal  at  Oxford,  319 

Codex  Vaticanus,  528 

Danish  invasion,  the  first,  58 

Duchtich,  in  Lord  Hervey's  Memoirs,  265  • 

Eglantine,  379 

Fast  =  swift,  158 

French  wine  disused  in  1 749,  259 

Greek  phrase  in  Plutarch,  197,  319 

Greek  pronunciation,  216 

Mediatised  German  princes,  316 

Myms,  its  etymology,  258 

Normandy,  443 

Oriental  queries,  442 

"Offtos  and  "A-yios,  523 

Papa  and  Mamma,  379 
,          Postal  system,  356 

Scottish  for  Scotch,  523 

Septuagint,  authorised  version,  379 

-ster,  as  a  termination,  351 

Stonehenge,  277 

Substantia,  as  used  by  Greek  and  Latin  writers,  58 

Um-Elia  :  Amelia,  336 
Buff,  its  meaning,  287,  337,  403,  443 
Bull  (Bp.  George),  wedding-ring  motto,  177 
Bull's  Run,  jeu  desprit  on  the  battle,  255 
Bullen  (Win.),  M.D.,  noticed,  164 
Bulstrode  (Mrs.),  the  Court  Pucelle,  150,  198 
Bunbury  (H.  W.),  engravings,  48,  1 72 


536 


INDEX. 


Bunch  (Mother),  two  of  this  name,  452 

Bunn  (Alfred),  dramatist,  309 

Bunyan   (John),   his    flute,   430;    meeting-house    in 

Southwark,  126 
Burleigh  (Dr.  Francis),  Sector  of  Thorley,  Herts,  228, 

314,  379 
Burleigh  (Wm.  Cecil,  first  Lord),  alluded  to  in  the 

"Faerie  Queene,"  21,  22 
Burn  (J.  S.)  on  London  chapels,  326 

Longevity  of  incumbents,  99 

Sandtoft  register,  99 

Trepsack  and  Forster  families,  401 

Water-shed,  its  derivation,  125 
Burnet  family,  146 

Burnet  (James),  landscape  painter,  292 
Burning  alive  of  women,  4,  57,  95 
Burns  (Robert)  and  George  IV.,  69 
Burns  (Eobert),  jun.,  "  Caledonian  Musical  Museum," 

497 

Burrow  (Reuben),  mathematician,  10 
Burton  (Rev.  George),  his  longevity,  370 
Busby  (George  Frederick),  noticed,  347 
Busby  (Julian),  barrister,  441 
Busby  (Thomas),  Mus.  Doctor,  his  sons,  347 
Bush-houses,  141,  200,  258 
Buzz  the  bottle,  212 

B.  (W.)  on  Sir  Kobert  Vernon,  476 

William  III.,  anonymous  works  on,  300 
Byng  (Dr.  Andrew)  noticed,  228,  380 

C. 

C.  on  William  Billyng,  113 

Berry  or  Bury,  304 

Expedition  to  Carthagenia,  309 

Flodden  Field,  98 

"History  of  Miss  Clarinda  Cuthcart,"  327 

London  an  ecclesiastical  metropolis,  28 

Longevity,  370 

Manorial  rights,  352 

May-pole  in  the  Strand,  177 

Mending  the  Piggens,  173 

O'Reilly  (Count)  at  Algiers,  518 

Political  characters,  363 

Sleeping  garments,  439 

Seals  used  on  Franco-Gallic  deeds,  111 

St.  Germanus,  131 

Theta  on  British  coins,  1 1 1 

Trollop  (Robert),  his  tomb,  437 

"  Visit  to  Dublin,"  its  author,  529 
C.  (1.)  on  Dickens  and  Thackeray,  277 
C.  (A.)  on  Beke  and  Speke  families,  86 
Ctcsar  (Julius),  his  Actes  in  the  Turkish  language, 

473 

Caius  on  James  Shergold  Boone,  98 
C.  (A.  J.)  on  King's  County,  Ireland,  432 
Calcutta  black  hole,  names  of  the  sufferers,  133 
"  Caledonian  Musical  Museum,"  4D7 
Calthrope  (Sir  Charles),  kilt,  19,  55,  140,  17S 
Calverley  (Sir  Henry),  noticed,  501 
Camden  (John),  editions  of  his  "  Britannia,"  109 
Campbell  (Sir  Alexander),  noticed,  427 
Campbell  (Sir  Hugh),  noticed,  427 
Campbell  (J.  D.)  on  Addison  and  the  Spectator,  14G, 
507 

Bivouac,  its  orthography,  86 

Blast  furnace,  production  from,  146 


Campbell  (J.  D.)  on  Blownorton  clock,  6 

Clyde  (Lord),  register  of  his  birth,  207 

Denbigh  (Lady)  and  Garrick,  450 

Druidical  literature,  207 

Drumclog  battle,  its  anniversary,  5 

Fast  =  quick,  its  early  use,  110 

Goetie,  its  derivation,  147 

Hit  and  Hitch,  their  derivation,  147 

Horse-loaves,  250 

Innocente  Coate,  286 

Lambe  (Dr.)  and  Madame  Davies,  41 3 

Lord  High  Treasurer  of  England,  168 

Monarchs'  seals,  288 

Night-dress  and  bed-gowns,  332 

Parish  boundary  land-marks,  433 

Poem  by  the  Eitrick  Shepherd,  430 

Presbyter  (Jack),  346 

Scottish  colony  in  France,  8 

Scottish  games,  230 

St.  John's  Eve  custom,  168 

Stooky-Sabbath,  286 

Storque,  its  meaning,  475 

Taynting,  its  meaning,  26 

Wale,  ils  etymology,  26 

Words  explained,  260 
Campbell  (Rev.  T.  H.),  of  Merchant  Taylors'  School, 

349 
Campbell   (Thomas),    poet,    arms,   304;   parodies 

"  Hohenlinden,"  209,  255 
Campbell  (Sir  Thomas),  temp.  1609,  his  family,  268. 
Campbells  of  Calder,  Island  of  Islay,  242 
Candles,  when  invented,  325,  423 
Candlestick,  the  Golden,  its  fate,  352 
Canne  (John),  puritan  minister,  397,  441 
Cantova  (Jean-Antoine),  Jesuit  missionary,  456 
Capnobatae,  the  Scythian,  497 
Carew  (C   B.)  on  Johnstone  the  freemason,  69 
Carew  (Sir  George)  and  Mr.   Stafford,   8,  Sir  Walter 

Raleigh's  letter  to,  3 
Carey  (P.  S.)  on  Reuben  Burrow,  &c.,  10 

Biaritz,  its  locality,  166 

Christian  names  of  authors,  258 

Fly-leaf  scribblings,  108 

Gazetteer,  as  a  geographical  dictionary,  25 

Gloucestershire  songs,  257 

Merchant  Adventurers'  Company,  372 

Simon  (Thomas),  book  on  vellum,  111 
"  Cariindo,"  in  Dibdin's  Songs,  398 
Caricatures,  political,  their  origin.  87,  363 
Carilford  on  ancestry  and  arms,  208     • 

Campbell  (Thomas),  the  poet,  arms,  304 

Crest  unknown,  267 

Ford  family,  291 

Painting,  288 

Paper-making  in  Ireland,  210 
Carmichael  family  of  Carspherne,  262 
Carmichael  (C.  H.  E.)  on  the  Carmichael  family,  262 
Carpenter  (Elias),  pamphlets,  477 
Carriage-master,  his  duties,  29 
Carrie  earldom,  144 

Carrow  Abbey,  Norwich,  cartularies,  497 
Carte  (Thomas),  memorandum  books,  291 
Carter  (Thomas)  on  regiments  in  America,  135 

Duke  of  Kingston's  ivgiment,  418 

Buffs,  the  third  foot,  443 
Carthagena,  Account  of  its  Siege,  165,  309,  400    - 


INDEX. 


537 


Carver  (Derrick),  the  Lewes  martyr,  209 
Casket  portrait,  280 
Castilian  aristocracy,  466 
Casting  in  plaster,  86 
Castner  (S.),  jun.,  on  Kastner  arms,  167 
"  Cat  in  the  pan,"  or  turn  coat,  1 7 
Cathena  (Peter),  mathematician,  370 
Catherine  de  Medicis,  picture  at  Alton  Towers,  69 
Catton  (Charles),  artist,  letter,  124 
Cavaliers,  Army  Lists  of,  120 
Cave  on  Peter  Paul  Rubens,  168 

Caxton  (VVm.),  existing  copies  of  "  The  Reeuyell  of  the 
Histories  of  Troy,"  307 ;  indulgences  printed  by  him. 
387 
C.  (B.  H.)  on  monogram  of  Constantiue,  403 

Numismatic  queries,  218 

Proverbs  xxvi.  8,  219 

Sun-dial  at  Bishopstone  church,  230 
C.  (D.)  on  George  Bellas,  146 

Fox  (Margaret),  arms  of  her  first  husband,  147 
C.  (E.)  on  mediajval  seal,  529 
Cecil  Street,  Strand,  subterranean  gallerv,  475 
C.  (E.  E.)  on  Bridport,  138,  176 
Celsius  (Olaus),  biography,  170 
Celsus  (Minus)  Senensis,  "de  Hereticis,"  63,  131 
C.  (E.  M.)  on  Law  family  of  Lauriston,  32,  214 
Cenci  (Beatrice),  last  prayer,  266 
Cereal  productiveness,  145,  298 
C.  (G.)  on  Sir  Tobie  Mathew's  biography,  159 
C.  (G.  A.)  on  Sir  Charles  Calthrope,  19 
C.  (G.  R.)  on  Lord  Wenlock.  326 
C.  (G.  S.)  on  Merkyate  cell,  397 
C.  (H.)  on  subterranean  chambers,  475 
Cliamberlaque  (Dr.),  a  joker,  109 
Chambers  (G.  F.)  on  the  Bloxam  family,  409 

"  London  University  Magazine,"  440 
Champion  (Richard),  of  Bristol,  27 
Chance  (F.)  on  derivation  of  Exchequer,  117 

Fast  =  swift,  215 

Sky  at  sunset,  470 

Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer  a  judge,  257,  277 
Chancellors  of  England,  their  London  residences,  448 
Chapman  (Edw.  Walton),  of  Newcastle,  325 
Chapman  (Thomas),  of  Hitchin,  523 
Chapman  (Walter),  a  Scottish  printer.  1 
Chariot,  sailing,  194 

Charles  I.,   Salmasius' Defence  of  him,  375;  sleeping- 
room  at  Moreton-in-tbe-Marsh,  514  ;  place  of  his 
execution,  195. 
Charles  I.,  "  The  Life  and  Reigne  of,"  attributed  to 

John  Milton,  355 

Charles  II.:  "Eikori  Basilike  Deutera,"  410 
Charles  II.,  satirical  epitapl;  on,  189,  259 
Charlton  (Euw.),  M.D.,  on  Sinavee,  or  Sinavey,  200 
Cliarnock  (R.  S.)  on  Avernor,  a  grape,  401 

Bigot,  origin  of  the  word,  171 

Bochart,  or  Boshart,  361 

Candles,  423 

Christie  family  name,  57 

Cloudberry,  219 

Crapaud  ring,  423 

Eels,  local  names  derived  from,  381 

Godolphin :  White  Eagle,  56,  95 

Ot,  as  a  termination,  140 

Quaint  surnames,  333 

Tanjibs,  its  derivation,  135 


Cliarnock  (R.  S.)  on  Teresa,  its  derivation,  481 
Charron,  "  De  la  Sagesse,"  English  translation,  48,  135 
Charteris  (Robert),  early  Scottish  printer,  3 
Chatham  (Wm.  Pitt,  Earl  of)  and  the  Spanish  lan- 
guage, 313;  his  last  words,  109 
C.  (H.  B.)  on  burning  alive,  57 

Insecure  envelopes,  37 

Luther  on  the  Galatians,  55 

Phrase:  "  Touched  by  thy  pen,"  &c.,  525 

Sigaben  and  the  Manichfcans,  458 
C.  (H.  G.)  on  crystal  globe,  156 

Danish  invasion,  the  first,  58 

Houses  submerged,  514 

Letters  of  Marque,  68 

Origen  and  Britain,  130 

Potheen,  278 

Venus  chastising  Cupid,  259 

Cheque,  or  check,  origin  of  the  word,  43,  73,  116,  417 
Chessborough  on  Central  Africa,  86 

Cold  in  the  month  of  June,  99 

Danish  invasions,  235 

Gambrinus,  258 

Gentilhomme:  Nobilis,  18 

Greek  and  Roman  games,  19 

Hebrews,  authorship  of  the  Epistle  to  the,  27 

Herod  the  Great,  199 

Inscription  on  Crosthwaite  font,  257 

Monogram  of  Constantine,  259 

Peter's  pence,  256 

Proverbs  xxvi.  8,  its  different  translations,  9 

Regiomontanus.  178 

Seth  the  patriarch,  289 

Theta  on  British  coins,  197 

Titles  born  by  clergymen,  235 

Turning  the  cat  in  the  pan,  17 

Zonaras  (Joannes),  Cosmogony,  38 
Cheync  (Jane,  Lady),  noticed.  506 
Chimere,  an  ecclesiastical  garment,  267,  359 
Choak- Jade  at  Newmarket,  410,  483 
Christening  tonjs,  70,  250 
Christian  names,  fantastic,  369,  416,  525 
Christie,  origin  of  the  name,  57 
Christiern  (Prince)  of  Denmark,  57,  96,  173,  197 
Christmas,  notes  on,  485 — 488;  511,512;  abused  in 
the  Lutheran  churches,  487;  and  in  Italy,  $.;  Poly- 
dore  Vergil  on  masquerading  at,  ib.;  opinions  of  the 
Pagans  of  this  great  event,  512 
Christmas  carols,  old  church,  511 
Christmas  mystery  of  the  eleventh  century,  489 
Chrysom  children,  430,  505 
Church  used  by  churchmen  and  Romanists,  56,  99 
Church  ver.  King,  56 
Churches,  when  to  be  reconsecrated,  455 
Churches  in  the  Highlands,  commission  for  building, 

431 

Chute  (Sir  Walter),  noticed,  287 
Cinque  Ports,  warden  of,  129,  177 
Cintio  (Giraldi),  works  used  by  Wiakspeare,  374 
C.  (J.  W.)  on  Brodie  family  of  Lethen,  209 
C.  (K.  R.)  on  family  history,  268 

Marven,  508 

Clare  (John),  Poems,  349 
Claret,  curious  tenure  for  making,  411 
Clarke  (Hyde)  on  route  to  Patmos,  402 
Clarry  on  St.  Teresa,  460 
Cleave,  a  provincialism,  363 


538 


INDEX. 


Clement  of  Alexandria,  quoted,  149 
Clergymen,  titles  borne  by,  148,  179,  235,  257,  296 
Clerical  baronets,  148,  179,  235,  257,  296 
Clerkenwell,  materials  for  its  history,  211 ;  Newcastle, 

or  Albemarle  House,  287 
Cleveland  (Thomas,  Earl  of),  portrait,  1 1 
Clitherow  (Margaret),  Life  and  Death,  185 
Cloudberry,  a  plant,  39,  178,  219 
Clyde  (Lord),  register  of  his  birth,  207 
C.  (M.)  on  the  battle  of  Naseby,  210 

Prophet  of  the  Passion  Mysteries,  498 
C.  (Matthew)  on  "  God  save  the  King  "  in  church,  335 
C.  (N.)  on  female  fools,  523 
Coal  at  Oxford,  267,  319 
Coalston,  its  magic  pear,  177 
Cobham  (Eleanor),  her  family,  410 
Cobham  (Henry  Broke,  8th  Baron),  and  Earl  of  Tot- 
ness,  228 

Cobra  and  the  Mongoose,  205 
Cockpit  at  Whitehall,  71 

"  Codex  Vaticanus,"  ed.  1859,  an  erratum,  473,  528 
Cokayne  (Mrs.)  of  Ashbourne,  305,  338,  415 
Cold  in  the  month  of  June,  19,  99,  159,  295 
Coleridge  (S.  T.),  letter  to  T.  J.  Ouseley,  467 
Collet  (Dr.  John),  noticed,  47,  94,  175 
Collet  (Colonel),  inquired  after,  147 
Collier  (Jeremy)  on  the  Stage,  390,  435 
Collier  (J.  P.)  on  Sir  Francis  Drake,  271 
Collins  (John),  author  of  "  To-morrow,"  &c.,  445 
Combe  (John  a'),  epitaph,  48 

Common  Prayer  Book:  Prayer  for  the  Parliament,  212 
Commoners  using  supporters,  255,  401 
Complutensian  Polyglott  on  vellum,  431 
Congius  Romanus,  a  vase,  127 
Congreve  (  —  )  of  Congreve  and  Stretton,  393 
Congreve  (Sir  Geoffrey),  inquired  after,  515 
Consecration  and  reconsecration  of  churches,  455 
Constantine  (Emperor),  monogram,  259,  314,  403,  517 
Canto-mono-bolos,  an  athletic  exercise,  19 
Contracts,  a  percentage  deducted,  287,  421 
Cook  (Capt),  prints  of  his  death,  375 
Cook  (Vincent),  inquired  after,  167 
Cook's  Castle,  Isle  of  Wight,  88 
Cooke  family,  268 
Cooper  (C.  H.)  on  Fly,  a  carriage,  421 

Nicholson  (John),  bookseller,  377 
Cooper  (C.  H.  &  Thompson)  on  Richard  Adams,  527 

Bible  translators,  379 

Billyng  (William),  172 

Boyd  (Hugh  Stewart),  458 

Brettingham  (Matthew),  458 

Brooke  (Sir  Basil),  81 

Busby  (Tlios.),  Mus.  Doc.,  his  sons,  347 

Chapman  (Thos.),  523 

Cheyne  (Jane,  Lady),  506 

Collet  (John  and  Dr.),  94 

Crewe  (Randolph),  238 

Daffy's  Elixir,  77 

Cuningham  (William),  M.D.,  305 

Dalrymple  (Sir  John),  449 

Deverell  (Robert),  503 

Foster  (Rev.  Thos.)  and  the  "  Brnnoniad,"  122 

Gifford  (Capt.  James  ami  Adm.  James),  472 

Greville  (Fulke)  and  Frances  his  wife,  5 

Guy  (John).  Bristol  merchant,  498 

Harborne  (William),  ambassador,  471 


Cooper  (C.  H.&  Thompson)  on  Harper  (Joseph),  LL.D., 
190 

Heane  (Major-General),  113 

Henderson  (Sir  John),  224 

Honywood  (Sir  Philip),  285 

Honywood  (Sir  Robert),  322 

Hopton  (Sir  Ingram),  255j 

Button  (Matthew),  D.D.,  164 

Johnson  (Rev.  John),  two  of  this  name,  409 

Jones  (Samuel),  527 

Kenyon  (Roger),  420 

Kerridge  (Capt.  Thomas),  95 

King  (Rev.  John),  of  Hull,  167 

Leigh  (Charles  and  Sir  Oliph),  514 

Locke  (John),  father  of  the  philosopher,  146 

Marsh  (Charles),  the  orator,  363 

Parker  (Anthony),  528 

Prestwich  (Edmund),  361 

Rose  (William  Stewart),  345 

Sampson  (Rev.  John),  77 

Spenser's  Faerie  Queene  unveiled,  140 

Throckmorton  (Thomas),  516 

Vane  (Sir  Walter),  302 

Wales  (Rev.  Samuel),  4,76 

Wilkinson  (Rev.  Joseph),  370 
Cooper  (W.  D.)  on  Bills  of  Mortality,  219 

Potwalloping  franchise,  217 
Cordax,  a  rough  dance,  19 
Cordova,  mosque  of,  in  Spain,  50,  98 
Corkran  (Sutton)  on  Lieut.-Col.  George  Browne,  482 
Cormorants  caught  by  the  hand,  304 
Cornwall,  sheriffs  of,  17,  55 

Cornwallis  (Sir  Charles),  Life  of  Prince  Henry,  425 
Coronets  used  by  the  French  noblesse,  437 
Costumes  of  Louis  XIII.  of  France,  186,  256,  277 
Cotton  (Ven.  H.)  on  prices  of  old  books,  25 

Zigabenus  (Euthymius),  279 
Couch  (T.  Q.)  on  ring  posies,  243.  382 
Coulthart  family  of  Coulthart  and  Collyn,  262 
"  Council  of  Ten,"  its  editor,  35,  98 
Country  residence,  6 

Court  of  Session,  its  singular  powers,  125 
Cowdray  House,  Sussex,  destroyed  by  fire,  355 
Cowper  (William),  "  Epistle  to  Joseph  Hill,"  271 
Cowthorpe  oak  in  Yorkshire,  69,  li9,  238,  381,  432, 

520 

Cox,  surnames  ending  in,  304 
Coxe  (Arthur  Cleveland),  "  Christian  Ballads,"  30 
Cpl.  on  Bayly  or  Bayley  family,  351 

Bulstrode  (Mrs.),  the  Court  Pucelle,  150 

Calis  and  Island  voyages,  231 

Chute  (Sir  Walter),  287 

Dagenham  registers,  529 

Donne  (John),  jun.,  1 49,  307 

Friday  Street,  origin  of  the  name,  287 

Heywood  (John),  epigrammatist,  247 

Kerr  (Win.),  third  Earl  of  Lothian,  306 

St.  Pancras,  Middlesex,  early  views,  308 

Treacle  Bible,  327 

Washington  family  231 
C.  (P.  S.)  on  Bath  hospital,  134 

Walsall-legged,  77 
C.  (R.)  on  mother  and  son,  523 
Crabbe  (George),  poem  by  him,  375 
Craig  (Rev.  Thomas)  of  Whitby,  325 
Cranmer  family,  480 


INDEX. 


539 


Crapaud  ring,  351,  423,  443 

Cresswell  (S.  F.)  on  badges  for  societies,  244 

Oyster  grottos  on  St.  James's  Day,  257 
Crests,  the  use  of  several,  372,  438,  440 
Crewe  (Major),  whist-player,  247.  457 
Crewe  (Randolph),  noticed,  238 
Cricket,  origin  of  the  game,  186 
Crinoline  and  hoops,  85,  238,  260,  277,  357 
Crocker  (Abraham)  of  Frome,  431 
Croker  (John  Wilson)  and  Throckmorton  papers,  455 
Cromek  (T.  H.)  on  Bockhart  or  Bosliart,  217 

Sharp's  Sortie  from  Gibraltar,  273 
Cromwell  (Oliver),   burial-place,   175:    bust,  26,  94; 
portrait  at  Leek,  475;  memorial  at  Dyrham  Park, 
7,  422 

Cromwellian  grants  in  Ireland,  305 
Croquet,  a  game,  349,  439 
Crosby,  Great,  goose  feast,  82,  1 58 
Crossley  (James)  on  Boswell  riding  to  Tyburn,  232 

Edmund  PresUvich,  168 

"  Index  to  Mankind,"  &c.,  254 

"  Midwife,  or  Old  Woman's  Magazine,"  254 
Crossley  (Wm.),  engineer,  267,  438 
Crosthwaite  church,  inscription  on  the  font,  187,  257 
Crude,  cruel,  origin  of  the  words,  184 
C.  (T.)  Durham,  on  Aerostation  in  1607,  194 

Fast  =  swift,  158 

Hudibrastic  couplet,  134 

Magical  crystals,  or  mirrors,  218 

Sacrifice  of  Isaac,  159 

Sermon  against  Vaccination,  218 
C.  (U.)  on  Agricolu's  victory  in  Scotland,  7 1 
Cubitt  (Alderman),  mark  of  respect,  431,  526 
Culloden,  inedited  despatch,  409 
Cumberland  auctions,  410,  526 
Cuningham  (Wm.),  M.D.,  his  death,  305 
Cunningham  (Allan  and  Richard),  botanists,  304 
Cunningham  (Peter)  on  Alphonso  Ferrabosco,  450 
Cup  with  motto,  "  Ex  praeda  prsedatoris,"  351 
Curfews  as  old  as  the  Conquest,  291 
Curtis  (Elizabeth)  bore  twins  in  her  63rd  year,  522 
Cuthbert  (St.),  translation  of,  44 
C.  (W.)  on  magical  crystals  or  mirrors,  155 

C.  (W.  P.)  on  Sermon  against  Vaccination,  160 
Cyclones  at  the  Seychelle  Islands,  145 

D. 

D.  on  Robert  Anderson,  Cumbrian  poet,  34 

Cowthorpe  oak,  119 

Genlis  (Madame  de),  visit  to  North  Wales,  86 

Gibbon's  "  Decline  and  Fall,"  passage  quoted,  212 

Marshall  (Wm.),  his  publications,  17 
A.  on  Carthagenian  expedition  to  Algiers,  519 

Law  family  of  Lauriston,  133,  214,  362 

Lee  (Lady  Elizabeth),  139 

Repton  School, 'head  masters,  36 

Sampson  (Rev.  John),  77 

Serjeants'  rings  given  to  the  sovereign,  180 
D.  (A.)  on  costumes  of  Louis  XIII.,  186 

Raleigh  (Sir  Walter),  his  skull,  168 

Vandyke's  portraits  improved,  169 
Daffy's  Elixir,  its  inventor,  77 
Daft  Highland  Laird,  473 
Dagnia  family,  209,  257,  319 
Dale,  in  co.  Cumberland,  432 
Dale  (D.)  on  Robert  Davenport,  dramatist,  291 


Dalrymple  (Sir  John),  biography,  449 

Dalton  (John)  on  Albion  and  her  white  roses,  109 

Bochart,  its  pronunciation,  151 

Celsius  (Olaus),  biography,  170 

Complutensian  Polyglott  on  vellum,  431 

"  Don  Quixote,"  Spanish  editions,  227 

Elizabeth  (Queen),  and  Bishop  Cox,  230 

Gardner  (Thomas),  epitaph,  265 

Inscription  in  the  mosque  of  Cordova,  98 

Inscriptions  at  Trujillo,  94 

Isabella  (Queen),  "  the  Catholic,"  93 

Mozarabic  liturgy,  41 

Pico  (Giovanni),  Prince  of  Mirandola,  323 

Pizarro's  coat  of  arms,  55 

Primrose,  Our  Lady's  key,  110 

Regale  of  France,  429 

St.  Anthony  preaching  to  the  fishes,  289,  414 

St.  John's  Eve  in  Spain,  251 

St.  Patrick  and  the  Shamrock,  187,  293 

St.  Patrick  and  venomous  creatures,  82 

Saints  of  Bretagne,  353 

Spanish  grandees,  465 

Teresa  (St.),  origin  of  the  name,  &c,  412,  481 

Wolsey's  college  at  Ipswich,  248 

Ximenes  (Card.),  his  popular  library,  409 
Damask  patterns,  ancient,  473,  528 
Dancing  in  slippers,  351,  437,  504 
Danish  and  Norwegian  heraldry,  473,  528 
Danish  invaders:  Did  they  come  directly  from  Den- 
mark? 18 

Danish  invasions,  58,  235 
Danish  writer  on  unicorns,  196 
Darby  (Rev.  Charles)  poetical  writer,  506 
Darcy  (Edward),  Esq.,  of  Dartford,  marriages,  290 
Dark  House  at  Billingsgate,  308 
Dart,  custom  of  throwing  it  in  Ireland.  244,  313 
Darwin  (Erasmus)  on  steam,  276 
Dauney  (William),  advocate,  523 
Daveney  (H.)  on  goose  feasts,  158 

Patrician  families  of  Lou  vain,  239 
Davenport  (Robert),  dramatist,  291,  337 
Davidson  (John)  on  Alcohol,  its  derivation,  363,  402 

Buff,  its  meaning,  287,  403 

Church  of  the  Holy  Spirit,  99 

Congius  Romanus,  127 

Eastern  words,  166,  279,  394 

Hook's  lines  on  punning,  526 

Magical  crystals,  155 

Milan,  arms  of,  336 

Numismatic  queries,  306 

Urn  Elia  =  Amelia,  270 
Davidson  (Lucretia  Maria),  noticed,  53,  139 
Davies  (Lady  Eleanor),  a  prophetess,  413 
Davies  (F.  R.)  on  the  shamrock,  293 
Davies  (James)  on  the  fault-bag,  526 

Longevity  of  the  raven,  526 
Davis  (Win.)  on  old  almanacs,  108,  184 

Bede  and  De  Morgan,  497 

Benedict  XIV.,  his  election,  166 

Curious  contraction,  286 

Cathena  (Peter),  mathematician,  370 

Index-making,  371 

Longevity,  184 

Multiplication  table,  125 

Prognostications,  395 

Regiomontanus,  110 


5<10 


Davis  (Wm.)  on  Square  numbers,  348 

Stolen  manuscripts,  350 

Theoclolitus,  135 

Zacutus  (Abr.),  a  Spanish  Jew,  374 

Zincography,  its  reproductions,  290 
Davy  (Ellis),  seal  of  his  almshouses,  372 
Davy  (John),  musical  composer,  396 
D.  (C.)  on  "  Defence  of  Charles  I.,"  375 
A5.  on  Roman  uses,  320 
D.  (E.)  on  an  error  in  De  Qnincey,  266 

Newberry's  poem,  "  The  Terrors  of  the  Rod,"  32 
Death,  recovery  from  apparent,  362 
Decanus,  an  ecclesiastical  office,  351 
Dee  (Dr.),  astrologer,  biography,  160;  magical  specu- 
lum, 108,  155 

Dee  (James)  of  Winkfield,  164 
D.  (E.  J.)  on  a  quotation,  49 
De  la   Tour  (Theophilus)  d'Auvergne,   his  heart  and 

sword,  474 

Delf,  Dutch,  a  bowl  of  this  ware,  410 
Delta  on  Mrs.  Cokayne  of  Ashbourne,  416 
Demesne  cart,  employed  by  knights,  453 
Denbigh  (Lady),  letter  to  David  Garrick  450 
Dennis  family  arms,  53,  137 
Dennys  family  of  Devon,  128,  258 
Dentition  in  old  age,  18,  508 
De  Quincey  (Thomas),  error  in  "  Leaders  in  Literature," 

266;  omission  in  "  The  Cajsars,"  393 
Derham  Park,  its  gate,  7,  422 
Derivations,  strange,  84,  135/142,  176,  191 
De  Scurth,  or  De  Scur  family,  294 
Deverell  (Robert),  noticed,  503 
De  Veres,  Earls  of  Oxford,  motto  and  anus,  351,  421 
Devil,  a  proper  name,  123,  418,  479;  illustrations  of, 

246,  328,  399,  478 
Devil's  knell  rung  at  Christmas,  453 
Devonshire,  vicars  of  St.  Mary's  church,  125 
De  Wett  arms,  287 

Dewsbury  churchyard,  singular  inscription,  169 
D.  (H.)  on  Apsley,  Strickland,  and  Wynne  families.  6 
Diadochus,  Bishop  of  Photice,  64 
Dickens  (Charles)  and  Thackeray,  rhymes  to,  207,  277, 

318 

Dictionary,  Buchanan's  Pronouncing,  52 1 
Dienlacres,  co.  Stafford,  abbots  of  I  he  monastery,  393 
Dighton  (Mr.),  the  caricaturist,  410 
Dillingham  (Francis),  noticed,  228,  380 
Dillon  (J.)  on  Jamaica  histories,  48 
Diogenes,  his  humour  on  gold  looking  pale,  471 
Dixon  (James  Henry)  on  the  Ballad  of  Renaud,  221 
Dixon  (U.  W.)  on  Geo.  Bright,  Dean  of  St.  Asaph,  305 
D.  (J.)  on  Bible  translators,  278 

Eels,  381 

Hawkins  family,  438 

Lee  (Sir  Ferdinand),  238 

Legacy  duty,  128 

"  Push  along — keep  moving,"  469 

Wenlock  (Lord),  43G 

Wright  (Samuel),  D.D.,  231 
D.  (J.  P.)  on  executions  for  murder,  438 
D.  (M.)  on  burial  place  of  John  Harrison,  52 G 

May:   Tri-Milchi,  515 

Mediaeval  seal,  453 

Stepmother's  blessing,  492 

Signet  assigned  to  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,  418 

Tom  Tidler's  ground,  454 


D.  (M.)  on  Wetwang  (William),  476 

Dodsley  (James)  and  the  Hudibrastic  couplet,  61 

Dogs,  their  fidelity,  50,  96,  509 

Domesday  Book  and  its  difficulties,  109 

Donne  (Dr.  John)  and  the  Court  Pucelle,  150,  198 

Donne  (John),  jtin.,  in  orders,  307 ;  letter  to  Sir  Con- 

stantine  Huygens,  295;  his  MS.  letters,  149 
"  Don  Quixote,"  Spanish  editions,  180,  227,  333,  460 
Doran  (Dr.  J.)  on  Earldom  of  Errol,  78 

Guerin  de  Montaigu,  72 

Peers'  incomes  in  17th  century,  107 
Dorax,  a  character  in  a  play  by  Dryden,  451,  509 
Dorset  (Mrs.),  authoress  of  "  Peacock  at  Horn?,"  372 
Dos  (Peter),  Norwegian  poet,  186 
Dossity,  its  derivation,  349 
Douglas  cause,  48,  522 
Douglas  (Mother),  the  procuress,  451,  522 
Douay  Bible,  various  editions,  444 
Dove  (Thomas),  Bishop  of  Peterborough,  1 64 
Downing  (H.)  on  church  of  the  Holy  Ghost,  295 
Drage,  dragetum,  explained,  290 
Drake  (Sir  Francis),  marriages,  189,  241,  271,  330, 

502;  portraits,  118 

Dress  of  a  lady  in  1762,  85,  238,  260,  277,  357 
Dresses  of  court  ladies  in  Scotland,  266 
Druidical  literature,  207 
Druidism  o_f  Britain,  its  oriental  features,  130 
Druids'  misletoe  festival,  485 
Drumclog,  anniversary  of  the  battle  of,  5 
D.  (R.  W.)  on  the  Earl  of  Sefton,  403 

Shakspeare  jubilee,  402 

Dryden  (John)  and  the  Duke  of  Buckingham,  211 
"  Dublin  Magazine,"  its  editor,  372 
"  Dublin  University  Review,"  its  editor,  110,  401 
Duchtich  explained,  265 
Dudley  family  of  Coventry,  7 
Duke  with  a  silver  hand,  451,  509 
Dumfries,  Squair  men  of,  187,  316 
Dukin  (A.  J.)  on  Warden  of  the  Cinque  Ports,  129 

Knights  of  Malta,  167 

Holybach,  a  provincialism,  247 

Moreton-in-the-Marsh  and  Charles  I.,  514 
D.  (W.)  on  Danish  writer  on  unicorn?,  19G 

Epistle  to  a  Young  Lady,  147 

Huish  House,  297 

Lady's  dress  in  1762,  85 

Lisle  (Lady),  descendants,  159 

Quantity  of  "  pituita,"  184 

St.  Mary  the  Egyptian,  433 

Tyrian  purple,  its  discovery,  353 

Unipods:  Musky  H ,  56 

Vane  (Miss),  her  disappointed  love,  4 
D.  (W.)  New  York,  on  the  Irish  Queen  Victoria,  206 

D.  (W.  J.)  on  angelic  vision  of  the  dying.  436 
Dyer  (George),  "  Lite  of  Robert  Robinson,"  341 
Dyer  (W.  T.)  on  long  grass,  415 

Shamrock,  422 

St.  Peter's  in  the  East,  Oxford,  419 
Dying  with  the  ebbing-tide,  508 
Dyon  (John),  baliad  on  his  murder,  7 

E. 

E.  on  George  Edwards,  228 

Heraldic  query,  69 

Norfolk  and  Suffolk  genealogies,  231 

Serjeants-at-law.  252 


X  D  E  X. 


oil 


E.  on  Tombstones  and  their  inscriptions,  317 
Earthquakes,  remarkable,  350 
Easle  (Tlio.)  on  Rev.  William  Peters,  525 
Eassie  (W.)  on  salt  iu  baptism,  318 

Tenures  of  land  in  Ireland,  456 
Eastmead  (Rev.  Wm.),  of  Kirby  Moorside,  186,  258 
Eastwood  (J.)  on  Socrates'  dog,  527 

Treacle :  Pontifex,  their  derivations,  135 
.  Easy  (Ben.)  on  popular  books  in  1594,  470 

Crush  a  cup,  &c.,  18 

"  Merchant  of  Venice,"  201 

Mitrnatition,  used  by  Bp.  Hall,  438 

Scalding  Thursday,  441 

Sbakspeare,  significant  names  in,  114 

Shakspeare,  Webster,  and  R.  Perkins,  366 

Twilled  brims:  floral  crowns,  59 

Webster's  Devil's  Law  Case,  its  date,  225 
E.  (C.  P.)  on  derivation  of  treacle,  135 
Edgar  family,  187 
Edgar  (Thomas),  noticed.  27,  94 
"Edinburgh  Gazetteer,"  OJe  to  Insurrection,  161 
Edward,  first  Prince  of  Wales,  letters,  148 
Edwards  (George),  F.R.S.,  ancestry,  228 
E.  (E.  B.)  on  Gloucestershire  songs,  210 
Eels,  places  named  from  this  fish,  305,  381 
Eels  and  lampreys  disliked  by  the  Scots,  249 
E.  (G.)  on  Sir  Ingram  Hopton,  127 
Egg  hopping,  492 
Eglantine  =  honeysuckle,  305,  379 
Egomet  on  Orbis  centrum,  210 
E.  (H.)  on  America  and  See  of  London,  84 
Ehret  (Geo.  Dionysius),  flower  painter,  432 
E.  (H.  T.)  on  muffled  peals  for  Aid.  Cubitr,  526 
"  Eikon  Basilike,"  memorial  inscription,  441,  508 
Eirionnach  on  illustrations  of  the  Devil,  328 

Ghost  story  by  Aubrey,  524 

Jacob's  staff,  a  terrestrial  instrument,  70 

Leighton  (Abp.),  library  at  Dunblane,  63,  313 

"  The  Wonder  of  all  the  Wonders,"  494 

Wilher's  lines  on  Ganymede,  523 
E.  (K.  P.  D  )  on  an  ancient  custom,  244 

''  By  the  side  of  a  murmuring  stream,"  299 

Oglesby,  a  surname,  461 

St.  Anthony's  temptation,  297 
Eliot  (John),  of  Cornwall,  family  arms,  305 
Elizabeth  (Queen),  characterised  in  the  "  Fairie  Queene," 
21,  22,  65,  66,  101,  103,  150;  State  Paper  docu- 
ments, 404 

Elizabeth  de  Burgh,  her  burial,  188 
Elizabeth  of  Bohemia,  "  The  Queen  of  Hearts,"  452 
Elkanah,  its  correct  pronunciation,  394 
Ellacombe  (H.  T.)  on  bell  literature,  52 

Blount  family  of  Bitton,  298 

Dog,  lines  on  its  faithfulness,  96 

Eikon  Basilike,  508 

Grandsire  Bob,  its  author,  4C  6 

Mutilation  of  sepulchral  monuments,  420 

Old  churchwardens'  accounts,  104 

Peal  of  twelve  bells,  137,  297 

Somersetshire  churches,  87 
Elliot  (C.  J.)  on  prayers  for  the  dead,  360 

Postal  system,  357 

Winkfield  parish  registers,  164 
Eloisa,  allusion  to,  474 
Ely,  Isle  of,  odd  derivation  of  its  name,  142 
Emblems  of  mediaeval  saints,  232 


Emmew,  used  by  Shakspeare,  263,  368 
English,  their  self-esteem,  497 
Envelopes,  insecure,  37 

Epigrams:  — 

Barringtons,  the  two,  245 
D'Israeli's  criticism  on  Alison,  128 
Gray  (Thomas)  on  Dr.  Smith,  268 
Heath  (John),  satirical  epigrams,  318 
Russell  (Lord  John),  129,  174.  217 
Scholefield,  two  of  that  name,  303 
Schwartzenburg  on  bayonets,  129 
Epistle  to  a  Young  Lady,  147 

Epitaphs: — 

Addison  (John),  epitaph,  437,  529 

Bourne  (Vincent),  515 

Charles  II.,  satirical,  189,  259 

Gardner  (Thomas),  historian  of  Dunwich,  265 

Hatherton  (Lord),  46 

"  Improve  time  in  time,  while  time  doth  last,"  440 

"  Hoc  est  nescire,  sine  Christo  plurima  scire,"  474 

Lucerne,  by  Schiller,  266 

Milcent  (Marie  Madeleine),  430 

"  Nisi  More  mortis  morti  mortem  morte  dederit," 
474 

Quod  fuit  esse  quod  est,  &c.,  1 9 

Taylor  (Joseph),  Allhallows  Barking,  207 

Tewis  (Francis  Antony),  421 

Trollop  (Robert),  at  Gateshead,  355,  437 

Vincent  (Dr.  Win.),  Dean  of  Westminster,  232 

Winchelsea  (Emily  Georgiana,  Countess  of),  267 
Eric  on  platform  =  ground  plan,  57 
Errington  (Prideaux),  his  family,  187 
Errol  earldom,  and  the  privilege  of  nominating  a  suc- 
cessor, 23,  78 

Esligh  on  a  Furness  distich,  392 
Essex  (Arthur  Capel,  Earl  of),  mysterious  death,  500 
Essex  (Robert  Devereux,  Earl  of),  a  character  in  the 
"Faery  Queen,"  151 

E.  (T.  G.)  on  Kotzebne.  song  in  "  The  Stranger,"  375 
Etten  (II.  van),  "  Mathematical  Recreation,"  355 
Eucharist  administered  at  weddings,  104,  175 
Eurasian,  its  meaning,  271 

Evans  (John)  on  numismatic  queries,  403 

Evans  (T.  S.)  on  Rabbi  Moses  Mikotzi,  212 

Evelyn  (John),  marriage  of  his  eldest  sister,  290 

"  Even,"  meaning  fellow,  271 

Exchequer  or  Exchecquer,  43,  73,  116,  139,  417 

Executions  for  murder  since  1839,  268,  335,  438,  506 

Executions  in  France.  482 

Exmonth  (Lord),  his  last  letter,  92 

Extractors,  hints  to,  286 

F. 

F.  on  Hopton  family,  48 

Surnames,  176 

Venner  of  Bosenden,  130 
Fairs,  metropolitan,  history  of,  477 
Fairy's  burial-place,  97 

Fast  =  quick,  use  of  the  word,  110,  158,  215,  363 
Father  and  son  not  seen  by  each  other  for  fifty  years, 

450,  523 

Fault-bag,  by  Phiedrus,  &c.,  477,  526 
Fawkes  (Guido),  parentage,  249,  313 
F.  (C.)  on  "  To  terrify  ==  to  shake,"  126 


542 


I  N  D  B  X. 


Feasts  of  the  Fool  and  the  Ass,  486 

Fellows  (John),  minor  poet,  287 

Felton  (Rev.  Win.),  musical  composer,  228 

Female  fools,  or  jesters,  453,  523 

Fenton  (Rev.  Roger),  date  of  his  death,  228 

Ferrabosco  (Alphonso),  father  and  son,  450 

Ferrey  (Benj.)  on  Beke  and  Speke  families,  156 

Traitors'  gate  at  the  Tower,  66 
Fictitious  appellations,  306,  401 
Finsbury  Court-house,  412 
Firmament,  the  waters  above  and  under  it,  38 
Fishwick  (H.)  on  Elijah  Ridings,  99 
Fitzgerald  (Mr.),  his  Poems,  27 
Fitzherbert  (Mrs.),  her  children,  411,  522 
Fitzholland  (C.  H.)  on  Atkinson,  governor  of  Senegal, 

185 
Fitzhopkins  on  habits  of  the  bat,  86 

Coincidence,  245 

Goldschniidt  (Peter),  447 

French  tragic  exaggeration,  240 

Hone's  House  that  Jack  Built,  429 

Phrases:  Ghost  story,  382 

Quotations  from  the  Dunciad,  173 

Tonson:  Osborne,  471 

Treacle,  its  derivation,  191 
F.  (J.)  on  Coxe's  Christian  Ballads,  30 
Flamborough  tower  described,  231,  315 
Fleur-de-lis  forbidden  in  France,  187 
Flodden  Field,  muster  rolls  of  the  English  army,  7,  98 
Floral  crowns,  59 

Fly,  origin  of  the  carriage  so  called,  345,  420 
Flybesky,  or  fly-by-sky,  a  provincialism,  108 
F.  (M)  on  the  Bainbridge  family,  16 

Fitzherbert  (Mrs.)  and  George  IV.,  522 

Folk  Lore:  — 

Bairn's,  or  child's,  piece,  82 

Egg  hopping,  492 

French  folk  lore,  491 

Genii,  Jin,  Genius,  Yin,  491 

Grasshopper  and  cricket,  491 

Patrick  (St.)  and  venomous  creatures,  82 

Pen-tooth,  491 

St.  Clement's  Day,  492 

Siberian  superstition,  82 

Snake  in  the  stomach  of  a  man,  358 

Stepmother's  blessings,  492 

White  thorn  bearing  an  abundant  crop  of  fruit. 

514 

Fool,  the  Feast  of,  486 
Fools,  or  jesters,  female,  453,  523 
Ford  families,  291,  421 

Fordyce  (James),  compiler  of  Hymn-book,  325 
Forest  of  Dean,  Personal  History  of  the,  320 
Forms  of  Prayer,  362 
Forrest  (Commodore  Arthur),  noticed,  501 
Forster  (John)  of  Dover,  his  family,  325,  401 
Fortescue  (Sir  John)  manuscripts,  351 
Foscolo  (Ugo),  his  biography,  131 
Foss  (Edward)  on  Mr.  Serjeant  Birch,  402 

Fashionable  quarters  of  London,  448 

Lord  High  Treasurer  of  England,  216,  277 

Serjeants-at-law,  278 

Shakspeare's  original  vocation,  265 

Wills  (Chief  Baron  and  Judge  Edward),  378 
Posse"  (Pierre  Thomas  du),  131 


Foster  (S.  E.),  author  of  Negro  Songs,  392 

Foster  (Rev.  Thomas),  author  of  "  Brunoniad,"  122 

Fountains  Abbey,  memorials  of,  404 

Fowke  (Joseph),  date  of  his  death,  287,  360 

Fowler  (Bishop),  reprint  of  his  works,  89 

Fowler  (Sir  William),  Bart,  of  Harnage  Grange,  70 

Fox,  the  tinker,  128 

Fox  (Margaret),  arms  of  her  first  husband,  147 

Foxhangre,  a  proper  name,  123,  419 

F.  (P.)  on  Pomeroy  family,  238 

Sterne  (Laurence),  biography,  353 
F.  (P.  H.)  on  an  epigram  on  the  Barringtons,  245 

Decanus,  an  ecclesiastical  officer,  351 
France,  paganism  at  the  abbey  of  St.  Matthew,  394 
France,  the  Regale  of,  429 
France,  the  Prince  Imperial,  a  descendant  of  St.  Louis, 

306,  419 

Frankfort,  Kaiser-Saal  at,  its  portraits,  352,  420 
Franklin  (Dr.  Benj.)  bequest  of  his  walking-stick,  92 
Fraser  (Sir  Alexander),  his  arms,  474 
Freeman  (S.  C.)  on  hymn  by  S.  F.  Adams,  279 
Freer  (John),  ensign  in  66th  foot,  325,  401 
French  legend,  the  Fairy  Melusiue,  14 
French  tailor's  motion,  268 
French  tragic  exaggeration,  240 
French  wines  not  used  in  1749,  209,  259 
Friday  Street,  origin  of  the  name,  287 
Frith-silver  explained,  477,  529 
F.  (R.  W.)  on  Bath  hospital,  256 
F.  (T.)  on  battle  of  Worcester,  189 
Funerals,  torches  at,  143 
Furness  distich,  392 

F.  (V.  S.  F.)  on  Venner  of  Bosenden,  175 

G. 

G.  Edinburgh,  on  cold  in  the  month  of  June,  19 

Douglas  (Mother),  522 

Earldom  of  Errol,  77 

James  I.,  his  puns,  513 

Law  family  of  Lauriston,  76 

Legacy  duty,  1 60 

Loughborough  (Lord),  birth-place,  144 

Potwalloping  franchise,  217 
T.  on  St.  Anthony's  temptation,  228 

Devil,  illustrations  of,  246,  399 

"  Hang  upon  his  lips,"  434 
G.  (A.)  on  Blair's  "  Grave,"  442 

Bowden  (Mr.),  of  Frome,  504 

Darby  (Rev.  Charles),  poetical  writer,  506 

Giffords,  528 

Thumb  Bible,  its  author,  528 
G.  (A.  B.)  on  John  Donne,  jun.,  his  letter,  295 

Greenhill's  Sermon  on  Vaccination,  316 

Sterne  (Laurence),  portraits,  371 
Gale  (Benjamin),  artist,  268 
Gam  (David)  on  Scalding  Thursday,  326 
Gambrinus,  inventor  of  beer,  147,  258 
Games,  Greek  and  Roman,  19 
Games  in  Scotland,  230 
Ganymede,  poem  on,  411,  523 
Gardner   (Thomas),  historian   of  Dunwich,  epitaph, 

265 

Gamier  (M.),  work  on  Transversals,  268 
Garrick  (David),  letter  to  Lady  Denbigh,  450 
Gaslight,  a  riddle,  188,  277 
Caspar  de  Navarre,  88 


INDEX. 


543 


Gaspey  (Wm.)  on  Cumberland  auctions,  526 
"  The  Town  and  Country  Magazine,"  528 
"Forgive,  blest  shade,"  526 
Gates  (Bernard),  tuner  of  the  Regals,  204,  336 
Gazetteer,  a  geographical  dictionary  first  so  named,  25 
G.  (C.  H.)  on  "  To  keep  it  in  Pimlico,"  327 
Geldart  (G.  C.)  on  St.  Anthony's  sermon,  331,  414 
Genii,  Jin,  Genius,  Yin,  491 

Genlis  (Madame  de),  visit  to  North  Wales,  86, 134,  297 
George  and  Blue  Boar  Inn  demolished,  410 
George  IV.  and  his    illegitimate  offspring,  411,  522; 
attacked  when  Prince  of  Wales,  9,  36  ;  library  chair 
with  "  Tain  o'  Shanter,"  69 
George  (St.),  his  heart,  411 
German  princes,  list  of  the  mediatised,  230 
Germands,  playing,  48,  135 
Germanns  (St.)   Life  by  Constantius,  131 
G.  (F  )  on  Rev.  William  Jarvis  Abdy,  227 

"  Et  tu  Brute!  "  Caesar's  deafness,  203 
Ghost  stories  and  apparitions,  68 
G.  (H   S.)  on  arms  of  Bryndley  family,  50 
De  Veres,  Earls  of  Oxford,  421 
Ford  family,  421 
Hoops,' crinolines,  &c.,  357 
Knighting  of  the  sirloin,  472 
Longevity  of  the  raven,  471 
Murfyn  (Sir  Thomas),  Lord  Mayor,  420 
Gib,  its  derivation,  107 
Gibbons  (Grinling)  family,  352,  423 
Gibraltar,  its  proposed  cession  to  Spain,  362 
Gichtel  (John  Geo.),  singular  relation  in  his  Life,  405 
Gifford  (Admiral  James),  472,  528 
Gifford  (Capt.  James),  472,  528 
Gifford  (Sir  Robert),  caricature,  429 
Gilbert  (James)  on  early  paper-mills,  298 

Newspapers  of  England,  461 
Giraldi  Cintio,  his  works  used  by  Shakspeare,  374 
G.  (J.)  on  potwalloping  franchise,  217 
G.  (J.  A.)  on  Charron  on  Wisdom,  135 
Epitaph  on  John  Addison,  529 
Fast,  a  slang  word,  158 
"  Philomathic  Journal,"  339 
Pope  and  Senatilt,  118 
Snetlage  (Dr.  Leonard),  353 
G.  (J.  C.)  on  a  cure  for  rickets,  372 
Gloucester :  Chartulary  of  the  Monastery,  444 
Gloucester  (Eleanor,  wife  of  Humphrey,  Duke  of),  296 
Gloucester  (Humphrey,  Duke  of),  "The  Good  Duke," 

452 
Gloucester  (William,  Earl  of),  date  of  his  death,  186, 

248,  300,  380 

Gloucestershire  songs,  210,  257 
Glwysig  on  Charles  Price,  alias  Patch,  412 

Submerged  towns,  402 
Goat,  an  emblem  of  nncleanness,  329 
"  God  save  the  King  "  played  in  church,  288,  335,  423 
Godolphin  signifying  White  Eagle,  56,  95 
Goetie,  its  derivation,  147 
Golden  Fleece,  escutcheons  of  the  knights  on  Belgian 

churches,  169,  233 
Goldschmidt  (Peter),  his^vorks,  447 
Goldsmith  Club,  Dublin,  17 
Goldsmith  (Oliver)  and  the  Hudibrastic  couplet,  61 ;  his 

niece,  68 

Gomme  (Sir  Bernard  de),  338 
Gondola,  its  colour,  88 


Goodall  (Miss)  on  Theodore  Anspach's  tomb,  473 

Gookiu  family,  438 

Goose  dinners  at  Michaelmas,  83,  158 

Goose  tenure,  268,  400,  461 

Gordano,  co.  Somerset,  its  meaning,  169 

Gordon  (James),  alias  Maps,  of  Cambridge,  170 

Gospel  trees  at  parish  boundaries,  433 

Gostling  (Rev.  W.),  parody  on  a  grammatical  line,  244 

Grammatical  corruptions,  370,  437,  524 

Grand  Jury,  how  summoned  211 

"  Grandsire  Bob,"  its  author,  496 

Grape,  and  sea-side  grape,  85,  179 

Grass  sixteen  foot  long,  288,  415 

Grasshopper  and  cricket,  491 

Gray  (Thomas),  epigram  on  Dr.  Smith,  268 

Greek  and  Roman  games,  19 

Greek  law,  modern,  117 

Greek  phrase  in  Bp.  Blomfield's  Glossary,  167,   197 

240,  255,  319,  339,  442 
Greek  pronunciation,  147,  216 
Greendale  oak  at  Welbeck,  69 
Greene  (Robert),  dramatist,  184 
Greenhill  (Joseph),  Sermon  on  Inoculation,  316 
Greenock,  franchise  in,  218,  296 
Greenwich  observatory,  inscription  near,  286 
Greenwood  (Frederick),  his  works,  292 
Grenade  on  the  first  use  of  knapsacks,  1 67 
Gresham  arms  at  Ilford,  87,  175 
Grevilie  (Fulke)  and  Francis  his  wife,  5,  97 
Greyn  Court,  Kent,  its  locality,  288 
Grime  on  Abp.  McHale  on  parliamentary  elections,  128 

Eloisa,  allusion  to,  474 

Herbert  (Lord),  translation  of  "  De  Veritate,"  170 

Inscription  at  Dewsbury,  169 

Newspaper  folk  lore,  358 

Quarterly  Reviews,  316 

St.  John's  Eve  custom,  1 69 

Suspended  animation,  239 
Grimm  (Jacob),  his  death,  280 
Grosart  (A.  B.)  on  Thomas  Brooks,  228 

Devil,  illustrations  of,  246,  399 
G.  (S.  E.)  on  Irish  Union,  432 
Gt.  (A.)  on  Walsall-legged,  119 
Guernsey,  governors  of,  temp.  Elizabeth,  456 
Guildhall  chapel  registers,  326 
Gun,  formerly  an  engine,  208 
Gun,  the  Turkish,  in  St.  James's  Park,  30 
Gunpowder  in  the  reign  of  Richard  II.,  393 
Guns,  great,  392,  462 
Gundulf  (Bp.)  and  his  architecture,  321 
Guy  (John),  alderman  of  Bristol,  498 
Guzzle  (Sir  Tunbelly),  a  gouty  baronet,  452 
G.  (W.)  on  Stubbe's  Discovery  of  a  Gaping  Gulf,  111 
Gwynn  (John),  architect,  39 

H. 

H.  on  Congreve  of  Congreve.  393 
Congreve  (Sir  Geoffrey),  515 
Sufferers  on  account  of  Titus  Gates,  373 
Vann  (Geoffrey),  his  monument,  434 

Hackman  (Rev.  Mr.),  his  execution,  232 

Hafursfirdi,  its  locality,  250 

Hailes  (Sir  David  Dalrymple,  Lord),  "  Glossary  of  the 
Scotish  Language,"  225 

Hailstone  (Edw.)  on  magic  mirrors,  180 

"  Short  Rule  of  Good  Lyfe,"  its  author,  185 


544 


INDEX. 


Hailstone  (Edw.)  on  Yorkshire  poets,  112 
Half-way  tree,  268 

Halkett  (S.)  on  Dr.  Leonard  Snetlage,  421 
Hall  family  of  Otterburn,  355 

Hall  (Bp.  Joseph),  passage  in  Lis  "  Mystery  of  Godli- 
ness," 250,  438 

HalVj(  Joseph),  serjeant-at-arms,  6 
Hall[(Mrs.),  Shakspeare's  daughter,  tombstone,  308 
Hall  (W.),  Gibraltar,  on  Hall  family,  355 
Halstead  (Laurence),  Keeper  of  the  Records,  187,  295 
Hampton,  Virginia,  monuments  at,  353 
Handasyd  (Gen.),  biography,  432 
Handasyde  of  Gains  Park,  pedigree,  29,  95 
Handborough  church,  inscription,  441,  508 
Harborne  (Win.),  ambassador  to  Turkey,  471 
Harding  (Dr.  John),  Regius  Professor  of  Hebrew  at 

Oxford,  228,  314 

Hargrove  (Jos.)  on  Cromwell   memorial   at  Dyrham 
Park,  7 

Moore  (Tom),  his  house  at  Mayfield,  513 

Obscure  Scottish  saints,  240 

Peal  of  twelve  bells,  240 

Quotation,  on  a  friend,  271 

Relief  for  the  bewitched,  184 

Verulam:  South  Myins,  123 
Harland  (J.)  on  the  post  mortem  examination  of  Prince 

Henry,  425 

Harley  (Edward),  2nd  Earl  of  Oxford,  library,  286 
Harper  (J.  A  )  on  Ben  Jonson  and  Mrs.  Bulstrode,  198 

Davenport  (John  A  ),  337 

Harper  (J.  N.)  on  "  Orbis  Sensualium  Victus,"  498 
Harpur  (Joseph),  LL.D.,  190,  278 
Harris  family,  410 
Harris  (Phoebe),  her  execution,  4 
Harrison  (John),  horologist,  474,  526 
Harrison    (Thomas),  Vice-Master  of  Trinity   College, 

Cambridge,  228,  380 
Harsnet  (Abp.  Samuel),  his  will,  3 
Hart  (Andrew),  the  Scotch  publisher,  403 
Hart  (W.  H.)  on  Greyn  Court  and  D.  Willard,  289 
Hartshorne  (Win.),  parentage,  128 
Harwood  (Ralph),  a  brewer,  189 
Haslam  (S.  B.),  of  Zion  Chapel,  515 
Hatherton  (Lord),  epitaph,  46 
Hawke  (Edward,  Lord),  56 
Hawkins  (John),  Life  of  Prince  Henry,  425,  523 
Hawkins  (Thos.),  servitor  of  the  Queen,  438,  506 
Hawksmore  (Nicholas),  architect,  269 
Hay  (G.  J.)  on  Heath's  satirical  epigrams,  318 
Hazlitt  (W.  C.)  on  an  anachronism  by  an  old  drama- 
tist, 67 

Bibliographical  queries,  166 

Charrac,  "  De  la  Sagesse,"  48 

Collet  (Dr.  John),  47 

English  criticism  on  Titian,  25 

Greene  (Robert),  dramatist,  184 
H.  (C.)  on  "  God  save  the  King  "  played  in  church,  288 

Terrier,  its  etymology,  300 
H.  (E.)  on  "  Boadicea,"  a  play,  69 

Locke  and  Spinoza,  372 
Heane  (Major-General  James),  48,  115 
Hearn  and  Sancroft  families,  147 
Heath  beer  in  Ireland,  229,  310,  382 
Heath  (Rev.  Geo.),  author  of  "  History  of  Bristol,"  247 
Heath  (Ji>hn),  satirical  epigrams,  318 
Heath  (Abp.  Nicholas),  London  residence,  449 


Heath  (R.  C.)  on  boating  proverb,  436 

Incongruous  signs,  525 

Heaton  (Wm.)  on  Robinson  of  Cambridge,  529 
Hebrews,  authorship  of  the  Epistle  to  the,  27 
Hedingham  registers,  430,  505 
Heidetberg,  partition  wall  of  the  church  of  the  Holy 

Spirit,  99,  295 

Heineken  (E.  Y.)  on  old  damask  patterns,  473 
Heineken  (N.  S.)  on  cold  in  June,  295 

Inkstand,  418 

H.  (E.  L.)  on  Arthur  and  Guinevere,  391 
Hemans  (Felicia),  forgeries,  261;  anecdote  of  her  bro- 
ther, 323;  her  family,  323,  360,  421,  463,  482 
H.  (E.  N.)  on  quotation  from  St.  Chrysostom,  381 
Henderson  (Sir  John),  notes  for  his  biography,  224 
Henning  (James)  on  John  Jonston's  poem,  163 
Henry  (Prince),  sou  cf  James  I.,  post  mortem  examin- 
ation, 425 

Henry  VI.  sends  a  wonderful  animal  to  Ireland,  71 
Henry  VIII.  and  Queen  Katharine,  pleadings  before  the 

Roman  consistory,  270 
Hentzner  (Paul),  visit  to  England,  428 
Heraldic  queries,  69,  99 
Heraldic:  Right  to  continue  arms,  229,  31,2 
Heraldic  visitations  in  print,  433 
Heraldry,  Danish  and  Norwegian,  473,  528 
Herbert  family  of  Cardiff,  229 
Herbert  (Edward  Lord),  French  edition  of  "De  Veri- 

tate,"  170 

Herbert  (George),  poems  quoted,  165 
Hermentrude  on  Alicia  de  Lacy,  94 

Dates  wanted,  186 

Explanation  of  words,  167 

Female  fools,  523 

Herod  the  Great,  199 

Isabel  of  Gloucester,  187 

Norfolk   (Thomas   Plantagenet,    Duke    of),    his 
wives,  70 

Numismatic  queries,  26 

Quotations,  454 

Sundry  queries,  509 

Thomas,  Earl  of  Norfolk,  157 

Wives  of  English  princes,  188 

Herod  the  Great,  his  life  and  times,  87;  coins,  199,  275 
Herring  (Elizabeth),  her  execution,  4 
Hertford  Council,  A.D.  673,  404 
Herus  Frater  en  Paston  Letters,  271 
Hervey  (John  Lord),    two  pamphlets,  474;  Memoirs: 

"  Duchtich,"  265 

Heward  (R.)  on  Cunninghams,  the  botanists,  304 
Hexliam  battle,  song  on,  39 
Heyward  (Sir  Rowland),  arms,  89 
Heywood  (John),  epigrammatist,  date  of  his  death,  247 
II.  (F.)  on  a  ballad,  208 

Sigaben  and  the  Manichajans,  169 

Tydides,  a  satirical  print,  129 
H.  (F.  C.)  on  bishops'  robes,  360 

Christian  names,  416 

Caussin's  Entertainments  for  Lent,  136 

Constantine,  his  monogram,  314,  517 

Court  costume  of  Louis  XIII.,  277 

Eglantine,  or  sweetbriar,  379 

Folk  Lore:  St.  Clement's  day,  492 

Hedingham  registers,  505 

Jones  family  meeting,  524 

Longevity  of  Cardinal  Belloy,  107 


INDEX. 


545 


H.  (F.  C.)  on  Medal  of  Luther  and  Melanchthon,  148 

Gates  (Titus),  sufferers  from,  480 

Oscotian  Literary  Gazette,  135 

Pamphlet,'  its  derivation,  379 

Piscinae  near  roodlofts,  509 

Prayers  for  the  Dead,  277 

Primrose,  lady's  key,  1 56 

Quotations  wanted,  509 

Reliable,  a  modern  corruption,  524 

Riddle:  Gaslight,  277;  Tollbar,  439 

Roman  uses,  172 

St.  Anthony's  temptation,  297;  Sermon.  331,462 

St.  Mary  of  Egypt,  painting,  483 

St.  Optatus  on  rebaptism,  55 

St.  Patrick  and  venomous  creatures,  132 

St.  Patrick  and  the  shamrock,  233 

Sundry  queries,  509 

Thynne  (William),  his  will,  439 

Tom  Tiddler's  ground,  481 

"  To  terrify,"  a  provincialism,  178 

Translation  of  St.  Cuthbert,  44 

"  Virgini  Pariturcc,"  75 

H.  (F.  D.)  en  Norwich  bishops  also  abbots,  354 
H.  (G.)  of  S.  on  heath  beer,  310 
H.  (H.)  on  Sermon  on  Vaccination,  59 
H.  (H.  G.)  on  Nicholas  Hilliard,  207 

Mise,  or  Mize,  a  payment,  208 

Paper-mill  at  Fencliften,  226 
H.  (H.  J.)  on  Mrs  Cokayne,  415 
H.  (H.  W.)  on  Dr.  M'Hale  on  parliamentary  elections, 

240 

H.  (I.  B.)  on  Shakspeare's  daughter's  tombstone,  308 
Hibernicus  on  Brian,  king  and  martyr,  304 
Hickes  (Mary),  executed  for  witchcraft,  508 
Higgs  (Mr.),  "  Reply  to  his  Merry  Arguments,"  6 
Highland  love  108  years  ago,  370 
High  Laver,  Essex,  royal  arms  in  the  church,  209,  317 
Hilliard  (Nicholas),  miniature  painter.  207 
Hills  (R.  H.)  on  burial  of  George  Lord  Jeffreys,  374 
Hit  and  Hitch,  their  derivation,  147 
Hitch,  a  provincialism,  147,  363 
H.  (J.)  on  Dr.  Dee's  crystal,  109 

History  of  Fairs,  477 
H.  (J.  C.)  on  "  Mitch  ke  ditch,"  326 

Portrait  painters  in  London,  1745-55,  433 

Thornton's  sign-board  exhibition,  307 
II.  (J.  M.)  on  mossing  a  barn,  59 
Hochfeder  (Caspar),  printer,  474 
Hodgkin  (J.  E.)  on  the  origin  of  the  word  Bigot,  171 

Gib,  its  derivation,  107 

Great  guns,  392 

Greek  proverb,  87,  218 

"  Songe  du  Vergier,"  107 
Hogg  (James),  Ettrick  Shepherd,  poem,  430 
Holland  (Joan),  second  wile  of  Edmund,  Duke  of  York, 

260,  296 

Holybnck,  its  meaning,  247 
Holy  Oak  at  parish  boundaries,  433 
Hone  (Win.),  "  House  that  Jack  Built,"  429 
Honeymoon,  origin  of  the  word,  500 
Honywood  (Sir  Philip),  biography,  285 
Hollywood  (Sir  Robert),  biography,  322 
Hook  (Theodore),  lines  on  Tom  Moore,   128;  on  pun- 
ning, 461,  526 

Hooper's  Etruscan  Hyacinth  and  Flower  Vases,  364 
Hoops  and  crinoline,  85,  238,  2CO,  277.  337 


Hopton  family,  48,  95,  120 

Hopton  (Sir  Ingram),  letter,  127,  255 

Horse-loaves,  a  kind  of  bread,  250 

Horse-patrol,  its  first  establishment,  74 

Horsey  (John)  of  Somerton,  his  will,  124 

Horton  (W.  I.  S.)  on  Albion  and  her  white  roses,  274 

Bigot,  origin  of  the  word,  137 

Caxton's  first  book,  307 

Cloudberry,  178 

Coincidences  of  birth  and  death,  256 

Crapaud  ring,  443 

Death,  recovery  from  apparent,  362 

Goose  tenure,  400 

Postal  system,  356 

Proverb  respecting  Truth,  137 

Quarterly  Reviews,  440 

Regiomontanus,  256 

Rhymes  on  places,  353 

"  To  know  no  more  than  the  Pope  of  Rome,"  318 

Waterloo  medals,  1 1 
Hotchkin  (B.  C.  H.)  on  Jamaica,  523 

Lassels  (Richard),  Gent,,  516 

Whiting  (Abbot),  shoeing-horn,  472 
Hotten  (J.  C.)  on  Berry,  or  Bury,  401 

Jack  the  Giant  Killer,  377 
Houses  submerged,  514 

Howard  (Cardinal),  his  leaning  to  the  Jansenists,  69 
Howard  (Frank)  on  allusions  in  Spenser's  Faerie  Queene, 
150,  236,  283 

Lord  Airth's  complaints,  186 
Howard  (Henry),  governor  of  Malmsbury,  397 
Howard  (J.  J.)  on  merchants'  marks,  507 
Howard  (Sir  Robert),  K.B.,  327 
Howison  (Wm.),  author  the  ballad  of  Polydore,  1 1 
H.  (R.)  on  Sir  Thomas  Remington's  descendants,  210 
H.  (R.  C.)  on  quotation  from  Dryden,  211 
H.  (S.)  on  a  letter  from  Horace  Wai  pole,  284 

"  Secret  History  of  Europe,"  476 
H.  (T.)  on  Latin  nursery  tales,  170 
H.  (T.  A.)  on  supposed  ring  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  396 
Hudibrastic  couplet,  61,  134 
Huish,  a  local  name,  128,  297 
Hughes  (T.)  on  Thomas  Aldersey,  437 

Wilbraham  (Sir  Roger),  380 
Hume  (David),  work  on  "  Scoticisms,"  225,  272 
Hume  (Isabel),  wife  of  Rev.  Patrick  Logan,  167 
Hunter  (Joseph),  Memoir,  432 
Husain  (Tafazzul),  noticed,  10 
Husk  (W.  H.)  on  Bunyan's  meeting-house,  126 

Gates  (Bernard),  "tuner  of  the  regals,  336 

Mozart  in  London,  385 

Price,  alias  Patch  (Charles),  525 

York  House,  Water-gate,  108 
Hutchinson  (Mrs.),  wife  of  Colonel,  6 
Hutchinson  (P.)  on  Bush  houses,  200 

Mutilation  of  sepulchral  monuments,  457 

Paleologus  (Theodore),  residence,  270 

Production  from  a  bkist-furnace,  217 
Hutton  (Matthew),  D.D.,  antiquary  164 
H.  (W.)  on  Backare,  368 

Eels  and  lampreys,  249 

Eels,  personal  or  local  names  derived  from,  305 

Punning,  461 

St.  Bartholomew's  church,  Smithfield,  308 
Hy.  (B.)  on  armorial  bearings,  258 
Hymn  writers,  Index  of  Names,  200 


546 


INDEX. 


Ilford,  merchant's  mark  in  St.  Mary's  hospital,  87,  175 

II  Penseroso,  an  opera,  its  author,  454 

I.  (M.  C.)  on  Waldo  family,  199 

Imprint,  curious  one,  184 

Ina  on  Somersetshire  wills,  124 

Index,  General  Literary,  162 

Index,  proportions  of  different  letters,  371 

Ingledew  (C.  J.  D.)  on  John  Harrison,  474 

Somersetshire  wills,  124 
Inglis  (R.)  on  anonymous  works,  208,  325,  473 

Dramas,  anonymous,  167,  267 

Fellows  (John),  minor  poet,  287 

II  Penseroso,  an  opera,  454 

"King's  College  Magazine,"  411 

"  London  and  Literary  Museum,"  325 

Oratorios,  394 

Pyke  (Sarah  Leigh),  307 

Schonzens  (Corn.),  a  poet,  189 

Stewart  (John),  dramatist,  248 

Town  and  Country  Magazine,  476 

Verral  (Charles),  poet,  239 

Wyatt  (T.),  dramatist,  248 
Inglott  family,  its  origin,  148 
Inkstand  from  abroad,  348,  418,  462 
Inneba,  or  lamprey,  249 
Innes  (Miss  Jane)  of  Stow,  verses  by,  245 
Innocente  coate,  its  meaning,  286,  335 
Inoculation,  Sermons  upon,  13,  59,  95,  160,  218,  316 
Interments,  premature,  239 
"  Intrepid  Magazine,"  110,  21§ 
Ireland,  tenures  of  land  in,  395,  456 
Ireland  (Wm.  Henry),  Shakspeare  forgeries,  168 
Irish  gamyne,  a  diversion,  230 
Irish  soldiers  at  Cressy,  35 ;  at  Agincourt,  35 
Irish  union,  compensation  payments,  432 
Irving  (Rev.  Edward),  Greek  Testament,  352 
Isabel  of  Gloucester,  her  divorce,  187,  254 
Isabella  (Queen),  the  Catholic,  of  Spain,  76,  93 
Isaac,  his  sacrifice,  111,  159 

J. 

J.  on  old  Bedlam  burial  ground,  85 

Carfindo,  in  Dibdin's  Songs,  398 

Cook  (Capt.),  prints  of  his  death,  375 

Crapaud  ring,  351 

Eurasian,  its  meaning,  271 

James  II.'s  intended  assassination,  291 

Johnson  (Dr.  Samuel),  portraits,  401 

Sharp's  Sortie  from  Gibraltar,  210 

Stonehenge,  248 

Stuart  (Gilbert),  portrait-painter,  149 

Washington  family,  279 
J.  Dublin,  on  the  Goldsmith  Club,  17 
J.  (A.)  on  Highland  love  108  years  ago,  370 

Scoticisms,  works  on,  273 

Scottish  saints  unknown,  111 
Jack  the  Giant  Killer,  first  edition,  306,  377,  403 
"  Jack  Presbyter,"  verses  on,  346 
Jacob's  staff,  or  the  astrolabe,  70,  113,  197,  239 
Jacobson  (P.  A.)  on  Christian  names  416 
Jamaica,  history  of  the  island,  48,  523 
James  I.,  his  puns,  51.3 
James  II.,  his  intended  murder,  291 
James  (J.  H.)  on  Ugo  Foscolo's  tomb,  131 
James  (Sir  William),  Bart.,  402 


Jannoc  on  Albion  and  her  white  roses,  193      ^ 

Wife-selling  by  auction,  450 
Jaydee  on  bean  feasts,  260 

Johnson  (Michael)  of  Lichfield,  459 

"  Les  Anglais  s'amusent  tristement,''  208 
Jeffreys  (George  Lord),  his  reinterment,  374 
J.  (E.  K.)  on  Eleanor  Cobham,  410 
Jenner  (Edward),  M.D.,  his  opponents,  13,  59,  218 
Jersey,  Gossiping  Guide  to,  120 
Jerusalem,  its  siege  by  Titus,  463 
Jesse  (G.  R.)  on  quotations  respecting  dogs,  50 
Jest  Book  by  Mark  Lemon,  474 
Jest  books,  159 
Jew,  wandering,  in  Staffordshire  Moorlands,  395,   441, 

524 
J.  (G.  R.)  on  Roman  mastiffs  at  Winchester,  475 

Socrates'  dog,  475 

J.  (G.  W.)  on  De  Veres,  Earls  of  Oxford,  351 
J.  (H.)  on  Flodden  Field  battle,  7 

"  Mitch  ke  ditch,"  404 
J.  (J.  C.)  on  allegorical  painting,  450 

History  of  the  Devil,  330 

Marsupites  Milleri,  349 

Pew-rents,  373 

Sepulchral  monuments,  their  mutilation,  457 
J.  (L.)  on  Roman  Catholic  uses,  129 
Jockey  of  Norfolk,  451,  509 
John  (King),  date  of  his  betrothal  to  Alice,  186 
Johnson  (Charles)  on  early  auction  of  an  estate,  109 
Johnson,  Rev.  John,  LL  D.,409 
Johnson,  Rev.  John,  M.A.,  409 

Johnson  (Mich.)  of  Lichfield,  publications,  388,  459,  520 
Johnson  (Robert), ''  Relations  of  Kingdoms,"  110 
Johnson   (Dr.   Samuel),  knocks   down   Osbome,   471; 

portraits,  209,  316,  401 
Johnstone  (Mr.),  the  freemason,  69 
Jones,  family  gathering  at  Long  Birch,  525 
Jones  (Gilbert),  his  family,  128 
Jones  (Henry),  jun.,  on  Blackguard,  295 
Jones  (Paul)  and  the  Countess  of  Selkirk,  269,  300, 

313;  noticed,  436 
Jones  (Samuel),  author  of  Sir  Walter  Raleigh's  last 

voyage,  527 

Jones  (Sir  Thomas),  knt,,  494 
Jonson  (Ben),  epitaph  on  the  Court  Pucelle,  198 
Jonston  (John),  "  Valterius  Scotus  Balclnchius,"  1 63, 

216 

"  Journal  des  Guillotines,"  306 
J.  (T.  B.),  on  Portio  :  Pensio,  477 
Justiniani   (Prince  Francois   Rhodocanaki),  "  Histoire 

des  Anciens  Dues  et  Souverains  de  1'Archipel,"  453 
Juvenis  on  terrier,  460 
Juxta  Turrim  on  Arms  wanted,  128,  165 

Clement  of  Alexandria  quoted,  149 

Bethel  (Slingsby),  two  of  that  name,  186 

Epitaph  on  Joseph  Taylor,  207 

French  wines  in  1 749,  209 

Thynne  (Wm.)  edition  of  Chaucer,  18,  365,  505 

Wedding  sermons,  354 

"Whole  duty  of  Man,"  231 
J.  (Y.  B.  N.)  on  James  Shergold  Boone,  153,  299 

Custom  at  Ripon,  324 


Kaiser  Saal  at  Frankfort,  352,  420 
Kaleidoscope,  a  modem  invention,  350 


INDEX. 


547 


Kappa  on  attack  on  the  Prince  of  Wales,  9 

Fortescue  (Sir  John"),  manuscripts,  351 

Salden  mansion,  Bucks,  373 
Kastner,  or  Castner  arms,  167,  256 
K.  (C.)  on  John  Canne,  397 
Keightley  (Thomas),  on  Backare,  203 

Shakspeare's  "  Merchant  of  Venice,"  121,  262 

Spenser's  "  Faerie  Queene,"  197 
Kelly  (Wm.)  on  Black  Monday,  58 

Hemans  (Mrs.)  and  her  brother,  323,  421 

Lockwood,  Edward  VI.'s  jester,  49 

Playing  Gennands,  48 

Rider  (Master  Richard)  of  Leicester,  49 
Kemble  (John),  version  of  "  The  Tempest,"  44 
Kempt  (Robert)  on  Goldsmith's  niece,  68 

Luther  and  Banyan  relics,  430 
Ken  (Bp.  Thomas),  his  sterling  integrity,  3 
Keningale  family,  268 
Kensington  Palace  Chapel,  326 
Kensington,  South,  Art  Training  Schools,  280 
Kenyon  (Roger),  nonjuror,  420 
Kerridge  (Capt.  Thomas),  49,  95 
Kettlewell  (Rev.  John),  editors  of  his  memoirs,  231 ; 

profession  of  faith,  92 
K.  (F.)  on  Hatherton's  epitaph,  46 
Kildare  (Lord)  on  St.  Patrick  and  venomous  reptiles, 

237 

Kiles,  a  Scottish  game,  230 

Kincaid  (Capt.  W.)  on  the  Cobra  and  the  Mongoose,  205 
Kindlie  tenant  right  explained,  355 
King  (Geoffrey)  Regius  Professor  of  Hebrew,  380. 
King  (Rev.  John)  of  Hull,  167 

King  (Peter,  7th  Lord),  "  Life  of  J.  Locke,"  errata,  67 
"  King's  College  Magazine,"  its  contributors,  411 
King's  County,  Ireland,  English  and  Scottish  families 

settled  there,  432 
Kingsley  (Dr.  G.  H.)  on  St.  Anthony  of  Padua,  331 

Cokain  (Mrs.)  of  Ashbourne,  338 
Kingston  (Duke  of),  regiment,  1745,  269,  418 
Kirkcudbright  (Lord),  by  trade  a  glover,  312,  381 
K.  (J.)  Hiffhclere,  on  Cardinal  Howard,  69 
Knapsacks  first  used,  167 

Knight  Hospitallers.     See  St.  John  of  Jerusalem. 
Knighthood:  Miles,  Eques, Eques auratus, 7, 137,  179 
Knitting  song  in  Yorkshire,  205 
Knock-out,  its  derivation,  411 
Knowles  (E.  H.),  inscription  on  Crosthwaite  font,  187 

"  Les  Trois  Alreennes,"  374 
Knowles  (James)  on  George  Bellas,  219 

Bills  of  Mortality,  219 

Knighthood:  Miles,  Eques,  etc.,  137 

Serjeants'  rings  given  to  the  sovereign,  219 
Knox  (Wm.),  "  A  Visit  to  Dublin,"  529 
Kohol,  Arabic  word,  166,  363,  402 
Kotzebue :  song  in  "  The  Stranger,"  375 
K.  (R.)  on  George  and  Blue  Boar  inn,  410 

L, 

Lacy  (Alicia  de)  and  Thomas  Edgar,  27,  94 
Lady's  dress  in  last  century,  85,  238,  260,  277,  357 
Laslius  on  Godolphin  :  White  Eagle,  56 
Queen  Isabella,  "the  Catholic,"  76 
Lake  dwellings,  147 
Lambe  (Dr.  John),  the  impostor,  413 
Lambert  (Major-Gen.  John)  as  a  prisoner,  89 
Larnbister,  prebend  rectory  of,  129 


Lament  (David),  D.D.,  his  death,  498 

Lancaster  chantries,  100 

Landseer  (Sir  Edw.),  "  Fable  of  the  Monkey,"  400,  462 

Lang  bowlis,  a  Scottish  game,  230 

Lassels  (Richard),  author  of  "  Italian  Voyage,"  516 

L.  (A.  T.)  on  English  pale  in  Ireland,  130 

Rowlatt,  family  of,  Oakley  Hall,  248 

Sacrifice  of  Isaac,  111 
Lavenham,  churchyard,  epitaph  in,  19 
Law  family,  of  Lauriston,  31,  76,  132,  151,  214,  265, 

295,  362 

Law  (John),  Marquis  of  Essiat,  31 
Law  (Wm.)  and  David  Piingle,  151,  265 
Laycock  (Martha)  on  Grinling  Gibbons'  family,  352 
L.  (E.)  on  derivation  of  Mustache,  398 
Lee  (A.  T.),  on  Law  family,  of  Lauriston,  132,  295 

Vicars  of  St.  Mary-Church,  Devon,  125 
Lee  (Lady  Elizabeth),  her  marriages,  113,  139 
Lee  (Sir  Ferdinand),  knt.  of  Middleton,  167,  238 
Lee  (George)  on  Lady  Elizabeth  Lee,  113 
Legacy  duty,  128,  160,  173 
Leigh  (Charles)  noticed,  514 
Leigh  (Sir  Oliph)  noticed,  514 
Leighton  (Abp.  Robert),  library  at  Dunblane,  63,  118, 

131,  174,  313 

Lemon  (Mark)  on  jests,  474 
Lennep  (John  H.  van)  on  Peter  Mamvood,  477 

Pascha's  Pilgrimage,  458 
Lenten  Litanies,  271,  361 
Leo,  or  Leone,  his  life,  63 
Letters  of  Marque,  their  common  form,  68 
Leurechon  (Jean),  '•  Mathematical  Recreation,"  355 
Lewes  and  its  annual  commemoration,  209 
Lewis,  Thomas,  "  An  Historical  Essay  on  the  Consecra- 
tion of  Churches,"  455 
Leycester  (G.  H.),  his  tracts,  399 
L.  (F.  G.)  on  Lee,  Earl  of  Litchfield,  139 

Lee  (Sir  Frederick),  167 

Six  brother  priests,  462 
L.  (G.  P.)  on  Prideaux  Errington,  187 
L.  (H.)  on  Cowthorpe  oak,  381 
Lichtenberg  (G.  C.)  and  the  conjuror,  494 
Lilly  (William)  the  grammarian,  28 
Lincoln,  inscription  on  an  old  house,  370 
Lindsay  (J.  C.)  on  Life  of  Caesar,  473 

Removing  oil-stains  from  books,  495 
Lisle  (Lady),  descendants,  159 
Liston  (John),  the  actor,  letter  to  him,  145 
Lithgow  (Wm.)  on  the  virtue  of  tobacco,  244 
Little  (William),  the  Bristol  grammarian,  28 
Lively  (Edward),  noticed,  228,  380 
Livingston  (Robert  R.),  American  statesman,  327 
Lizars  or  Lizures  families,  352 
L.  (J.)  Dublin,  on  Aerostation,  276 

Baal  worship,  251 

Brockman  (Rev.  T.),  37 

Cereal  productiveness,  145 

Dress  of  a  Lady  in  1 762,  238 

"Dublin  University  Review,"  401 

Epitaphs,  19,  440,  474 

Fairy  cemeteries,  97 

Heath  beer,  383 

Locke  (John),  the  philosopher,  217 

Potheen,  a  drink,  188 
L.  (J.  A.)  on  "  Love  thou  thy  sorrow,"  177 
L.  (J.  C.)  on  Phillips  family,  230 


548 


INDEX. 


L'.  (J.  C.)  on  Phoenix  family,  247,  306 
L.  (J.  H.)    on  Maps  of  Cambridge,  459 

Turkish  gun  in  St.  James'  Park,  30 
L.  (J.  S.)  on  "  Est  Ro.<a  flos  Veneris,"  452 
Llallawg  on  Sir  Thomas  Jones,  Knt.,  394 

"  Letters  from  Snowdon,"  authorship,  267 

"  Tudor,  a  Prince  of  Wales,"  326 
Lloyd  (Geo.),  on  anonymous  works,  27 

Death  of  the  Czar  Nicholas,  178 

Proverbial  query,  19 

Hiding  the  Stang,  37 

Swing,  the  cognomen  for  rick-burners,  271 
L.  (M.)  on  "  Journal  des  Guillotines,"  306 
Locke  (John),  father  of  the  philosopher,  146,  217 
Lockwood,  Edward  VI. 's  jester,  49 
London,  the  city  sceptre,  183 
London,  formerly  an  ecclesiastical  metropolis,  28 
London,  French  Chronicle  of,  39 
London,  its  former  fashionable  quarters,  448 
"  London  and  Literary  Museum,"  its  contributors,  325 
London  mayors  and  sheriffs,  A.r>.  1188-1274,  39 
London  University,  its  history,  247,  317 
"  London  University  Magazine,"  440 
Longevity,  remarkable  cases,  184,  370 
Lord  of  a  Manor  on  Choak-Jade  at  Newmarket,  410 

Inscription  at  Lincoln,  370 

Monuments  at  Hampton,  Virginia,  353 
Lothian  (Wm.  Kerr,  3rd  Earl  of),  birth,  300 
Loughborough  (Lord),  birth-place,  144 
Louis  XIII.,  costumes  of  his  time,  186,  256,  277 
Louvain,  patrician  families  of,  168,  239 
Lovat  (Simon  Fiaser,  Lord),  lodgings  and  burial-place, 

444,  507 

Lowndes'  Bibliographer's  Manual,  errors,  289. 
L.  (R.)  on  the  Kaiser  Saal  at  Frankfort,  420 
L.  (R.  E.)  on  Giraldi  Cinthio,  374 

Stradella's  cantatas,  57 
L.  (S.)  on  female  fools,  524 
Lukin  (Lionel),  biography,  302 
Luther  (Martin)  and  Melanchthon,  medal,  148  ;  on  the 

Galatians,  7,  55  ;  marriage  ring,  430 
Lutheran  abuses  of  Christmas,  487 
L.  (W.  A.)  on  early  aquarium,  431 
L  (W.  H.)  on  "  Pylgrimage  of  Perfection,"  271 
Lyndhurst  (Sir  John  Copley,    Lord),  caricature,  429  : 

his  death,  320 

Lynn  Regis,  MS.  History  of,  326 
Lysons  (Samuel)  on  Bray  family,  98 

Raleigh  arms,  7-7 
Lyttelton  (Lord)  on  dress  of  a  lady  in  1762,  260 

Greek  phrase  in  Blomfield's  Glossary,  167,  255,  339 

Hemans'  (Mrs.)  family,  360 

May  maids,  255 

Parody  on  "  Hohenlinden,"  255 

Prayers  for  the  dead,  188 

"  Party  the  madness  of  many,"  &c.,  269 

M. 

M.  on  Menon  :  Le  Prix  des  Anglais,  303 
Monkey  who  had  seen  the  world,  462 
Rhymes  to  Dickens  and  Thackeray,  207 
Swing  and  agricultural  machines,  461 

M.  (1)  on  Sir  William  Myers,  308 

M.  (A.)  on  law  of  adultery,  7 
Amergau  mystery,  528 

MacCabe  (W.  B.),  stray  notes  on  Christina?,  485,  511 


MacCarthy  (D.  F.),  on  "  Don  Quixote,"  333 

MacCarthy  (E.),  dramatist,  267 

"  Macbeth,"  with  annotations,  its  editor,  70 

Mace  (Daniel),  of  Newbury,  372 

MacHale  (Dr.),  on  parliamentary  elections,  128,  240 

Macklin  (Charles),  lectures  on  oratory,  237 

Mackinlay  and  the  Laird  of  Largio,  492 

Maclean  (John)  on  an  allegorical  painting,  393 

Raleigh  (Sir  Walter),  inedited  letter,  3  ;  arms,  33 

Sheriffs  of  Cornwall,  17 

Stafford  (Mr.),  8 

Macmillan  (A.)  on  new  edition  of  Berkeley's  Works,  470 
Macray  (J.),  on  the  grave  of  Anna  Boleyn,  36 

Cereal  productiveness,  298 

Genlis  (Madame  de),  297 

Leighton  (Abp.),  library  at  Dunblane,  174 

Prince  Imperial  of  France,  419 

Thraves  in  agriculture,  383 
Maddock  Street  Chapel,  326 
Masvius,  early  notice  of,  168,  238 
Magical  crystal  and  mirrors,  108,  155,  180,  218 
M.  (A.  J.)  on  female  fools,  453 
Manners  (Lady  Catherine  Rebecca),  187,  257 
Manorial  rights  in  France,  352,  436 
Manucel,  Mauncll,  or  Mawnell,  their  derivation,  498 
Manwood  (Sir  Peter),  biography,  477 
Map  dealer  at  Cambridge,  170,  376,  417,  459 
Mapes  (Walter),  drinking  song  attributed  to  him  361 
Mar  family  of  Scotland,  352 
Marbeck^Dr.),  MS.  of  the  Cadiz  expedition,  231 
Marchpane,  a  sweet  biscuit,  476 

Margoliouth  (Dr.  M.)  on  death  of  the  Czar  Nicholas,  77 
Markland  (J.  H.)  on  Prior's  poem,  "Charity,"  296 
Marsh  (Charles),  M.P.  for  East  Retford,  363,  529 
Marshal  (Isabel)    first  wife  of  Richard,  King  of  the 

Romans,  260,  296 
Marshall  (G.  W.)  on  Simon  Fraser,  Lord  Lovat,  507 

Printed  Visitations,  433 

Sefton,  (Earl  of),  507 

Tewis  (F.  A  ),  epitaph,  431 
Marshall  (Jane),  her  novels,  327 
Marshall  (William),  his  publications,  17 
Marsupites  Milleri,  349 
Marven  or  Marvin  family,  268,  420,  508 
Mar  wood  family,  143 

Mary,  the  Blessed  Virgin,  image  at  Chartres,  5,  55 
Mary  II.  (Queen),  her  ring,  461 

Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  letter  to  Qaeen  Elizabeth,  7  ;  sup- 
posed ring  of  hers,  396,  418 
Maskell  (J.)  on  Bridport,  139 
Masquerading  at  Christmas,  487 
Mastiffs  bred  at  Winchester,  475 
Matfelon,  St.  Mary,  alias  Whitechapel,  5,55,  419,  483 
Mathew  (Sir  Tobie),  biography,  159 
Maude  (N.)  on  angelic  vision  of  the  dying,  351 
Maunsell  (J.  M.)  on  Vallancey's  Essnys,  10 
May  Maids  in  Ireland  and  France,  229,  255 
May  month,  called  Tri-Milchi,  515 
Mayor  (J.  E.  B.)  errata  in  King's  u  Life  of  Locke,"  67 
Mayors,  worshipful  or  right  worshipful,  37 
Mayors  and  provosts,  their  precedence,  247 
Mayors  of  London,  A.D.  1188—1274,  39 
Mayors'  robes,  75 
Maypole  in  the  Strand,  126,  177 
M.  (C.)  on  bells  in  Spain,  6 
Inscription  at  Trujillo,  50 


INDEX. 


549 


M.  (C.)  on  Mosque  of  Cordova,  50 

Pizarro's  coat  of  arms,  8 

Eoyal  arms  of  Spain,  10 

Spinhouse  at  Amsterdam,  371 

Workhouse  at  Amsterdam,  518 
M.  (C.  R.  S.)  on  Lord  Airth's  complaints,  257 

Wives  of  English  princes,  259 
Medal  of  the  miracle  at  the  marriage  feast,  515 
Medici  correspondence  with  the  Dukes  of  Milan,  stolen 

from  the  Ambrosian  library,  350 
Melanchthon  (Philip)  and  his  son-in-law,  468;  quoted, 

352,  421;  epigram  on,  498 
Meletes  on  Lord  Barkwood,  127 

Conservation  of  churches,  455 

Danish  invaders,  18 

Dates,  380 

Devil,  illustrations  of,  400 

Execution  by  burning,  95 

Fast  =  quickness,  158 

Fowler  (Bishop)  works,  89 

Guerin  de  Montaigu,  73 

Hollis's  first  wife,  499 

Luther  on  the  Galatians,  7 

Mirabeau  a  spy,  278 

Normandy,  its  ancient  boundaries,  372 

St.  Germain  family  arms,  70 

St.  Paul  a  married  man,  18 

Shakspeare  jubilee,  402 

Thomas,  Earl  of  Norfolk,  157 

Twill,  its  etymology,  30 

Walloon  church,  Southampton,  499 

Whitehall,  arms  on  shields,  94 

Wives  of  English  princes,  296 
Melusine,  the  Fairy,  a  French  legend,  14,  240 
"  Memorias  de  LitteraturaPortuguezM,"  250 
Mennis  (Sir  John)  noticed,  144 
Menon:  Le  Prix  des  Anglais,  303 
Merchant  Adventurers,  372,  437 
Merchants'  marks,  413,  463,  507 
Merchant's  mark  in  St.  Mary's  Hospital,  Ilford,  87, 175 
Merry-main,  a  game,  229 
Meschin   (Thomas   de)   on   Scott's   description    of  the 

Thames,  391 

Meschines  (Ranulph  de)  ancestry,  307,  401 
Mewburn  (F.)  on  fictitious  appellations,  306 

Singapore,  395 

M.  (F.)  on  political  caricatures,  87 
M.  (F.  H.)  on  the  prefix  Right  Honourable,  87 
M.  (F.  W.)  on  Herod  I.,  surnamed  the  Great.  275 
M.  (G.)  M.D.  on  Pope  and  Senault,  46 
M.  (G.  W.)  on  "  A  Helpe  t»  Discourse,"  50 

Christiern  (Prince)  of  Denmark,  57, 173 

Ring  motto,  156 
Middleton  (A.  B.)  on  Jacob's  staff,  239 

Old  Dominion,  or  Virginia,  76 
Middleton  (Win.)  botanist,  269 
Midnight  (Mary)  pseud ,  her  woiks,  229,  254 
Mikotzi  (Rabbi  Moses),  noticed,  212 
Milan,  its  ancient  and  present  arms,  210,  336 
Milbourn  (T.)  on  Richard  WestbiMok  Baker,  78 
Milcent  (Mine.  Marie  Madeleine)  epit»ph,  430 
Milton    (John)  Answer  to   SaltnanioB,  375  ;    portrait 
possessed  by  the  Earl  of  Onflow,   26,   139;  "The 
Life  and  Reigne  of  Charles  I."  attributed  to  him,  355; 
supposed  verses  on  the  plague,  432. 
Wilton  (John),  Schiller,  and  Coleridge,  25 


Mining  on  the  shores  of  Lake  Superior,  281 
Mirabeau  (Comte  de)  a  spy,  226,  278 
Misletoe  festival  in  Brittany,  485 
Mite  (Sir  Matthew)  noticed,  451 
Mitre,  the  BUhops',  419 
Mize,  or  Mise,  an  ancient  payment,  208 
M.  (J.),  Edinburgh,  on   Blair's  plagiarism,  392 ;  letter 
of  his  father,  426 

Campbells  of  Calder,  242 

Carrie  earldom,  Sir  John  Mennis,  &c.,  144 

"  Edinburgh  Gazetteer,"  161 

Errol  earldom,  23 

Dresses  of  court  ladies  in  Scotland,  266 

Hart  (George)  the  Scotch  publisher,  408 

Law  of  Lauriston,  151,  265 

"  Life  and  Reign  of  Charles  T.,"  355 

Lithgow  (Win.)  on  the  virtue  of  tobacco,  244 

Maxims  :  Xewbery,  and  Goldsmith,  229 

Melanchthon  (Philip)  and  his  son-in-law,  468 

Philosopher's  stone,  works  on.  47 

Scotieisms:  Beattie,  Hume,  and  Lord  Hailes,  225 

Scottish  printers,  early,  1 

Stewart's  Table:  Carthagona,  &c.,  165 

Stuart's  "  Hindu  Priestess,  27 

Verses  by  Miss  Innes  of  Stow,  245 
M.  (J.B.)  on  arms  of  Milan,  210 
M.  ( J/C.)  on  the  meaning  of  Bouman,  37 
M.  (J.  F.)  on  treatises  on  the  Devil,  479 
M.  (J.  W.)  on  Bury,  or  Berry,  529 
M.  (L.  A.)  on  De  Veres,  Earls  of  Oxford,  421 

Hedingham  registers,  430 
Monarchs'  seals  witii  hairs,  288 
Mongoose  and  the  Cobra,  205 
Monkey  who  had  seen  the  world',  400,  462 
Monobolos,  an  athletic  exercise,  19 
Montaigu  (Guerin  de),  a  singular  general.  34,  72 
Montalembert  (Count  de),  pedigree,  453 
'•  Monthly  Recorder  "  of  June,  1792,  wanted,  350 
Monumental  brass  of  a  knight,  7,  75 
Moore  (F.  J.)  on  unlawful  assemblages,  252 
Moore  (Jonas)  inscription  at  Greenwich,  286 
Moore  (Thomas),  poet,  his  house  at  Mayfield,  513 
Moorgate,  account  of  its  demolition,  412 
Moreton  (Sir  Win.),  Recorder  of  London,  434 
Morgan  (Prof.  A.  De)  on  Alexander  the  Great,  324 

Apparitions  and  ghosts,  68 

Ballads,  counterfeit,  284 

Cornelius  Agrippa  on  the  morals  of  the  clergy,  387 

Devil,  history  of,  329 

Drinking  song,  361 

Epigram,  174 

Heath  beer,  382 

Hints  to  extracters,  286 

"  I  know  no  more  than  the  Pope,"  217 

Inkstand,  foreign,  348,  462 

Jacob's  staff  and  the  astrolabe,  113 

Kaleidoscope  of  recent  date,  350 

Lambert  (Maj<>r-Gen.  Juhn),  89 

Long  grass,  288 

Maps  at  Cambridge,  170,  417 

Mistakes  of  the  novelists,  185 

Quotation  wanted,  353 
Random,  origin  of  the  word,  183 

Regiomontanus,  277 

Riddles  :  Milestc;.^,  338;  Rhyme  tcTimbuctoo,  188 
Robinson  (Robert)  of  Cambridge,  341.  481 


550 


INDEX. 


Morgan  (Prof.  A.  De)  on  Sampson  (Rev.  John),  24 

Scott  (Sir  Walter),  text  ot  his  novels,  470 

Sedechias  the  Cabbalist,  309 

Spearman  (Robert)  of  Old  acres,  169 

Theodolite,  its  derivation,  51,  115 

Walter  (Peter)  the  usurer,  348 

Words,  their  misuse,  461 
Morgan  (Octavius)  on  theodolite,  74 
Morris  (Robert)  on  baptism  of  bells,  246 

Hedingham  register,  506 
Mossing  a  barn,  28,  59 
Mozarabic  liturgy,  41 
Mozart  (W.  A.)  visit  to  London,  385 
M.  (R.)  on  Piscina  near  roodlofts,  362 

Waterford  gentry  temp.  Elizabeth,  248 
Mulberries,  a  Shakspearian  club,  474 
Mulready  (William),  artist,  15  ;  birth-place,  324 
Multiplication  table,  125 
Mummers,  ancient,  486 
March  (Jerom)  on  Robert  Wallace,  441 
Murfyn  (Sir  Thomas),  Lord  Mayor  of  London,  420 
Murray  (Dr.  John)  on  derivation  of  theodolite,  115 
Mustache,  its  derivation,  398,  521 
M.  (W.  M.)  on  Don  Quixote,  460 
M.  (W.  T.)  on  regimental  honours,  84 
Myers  (Sir  William),  family,  309 
Myms,  South,  its  registers,  123,  258 

N. 

Nangnails,  or  knangnails,  a  provincialism,  108 
Nasmith  (David),  his  death  and  burial,  170 
Negro  songs,  by  S.  C.  Foster,  392 
Neil  (Samuel)  on  Robert  Davenport,  337 
Names  of  Serials,  324 
"  Philomathic  Journal,"  291 
Spink  (Charles),  of  Edinburgh,  307 
Nelson  (Horatio  Lord),  motto,  40 ;  on  Sardinia,  288 
Newbery  (Francis),  "  The  Terrors  of  the  Rod,"  32 
Newbery  (John),  "  Art  of  Poetry  on  a  New  Plan,"  61 
Newcastle  House,  Clerkenwell,  287,  334 
"  Newcastle-npon-Tyne  Courant,"  38 
Newmarket,  the  Choak- Jade,  410, 483 
New  Ross,  co.  Wexford,  159 

Newry  and  Mourne,  exempt  jurisdiction  of,  351,  422 
Newspapers,  London,  their  circulation  thirty  years  a^o, 

397,  461 

Newspapers,  provincial,  the  earliest,  38 
New  Year's  Day,  Pagan  and  Christian  mode  of  cele- 
brating, 485 

N.  (F.)  on  Charles  Cation's  letter,  124 
N.  (H.  E.)  on  kindlie  tenant  right,  355 
Nicholas  I.,  Emperor  of  Russia,  his  death,  28,  77, 

178 

Nichols  (John  Gough)  on  the  city  sceptre,  183 
Nicholson  (John)  alias  Maps,  of  Cambridge,  170,  376, 

417,  459 

Night-dress  and  bed-gown,  246,  332,  439,  460 
Nile,  discoverers  of  its  source,  13  ;  Ptolemy's  knowledge 

of  the  source,  105 

N.  (J.  G.)  on  ancient  bookbinding,  448 
S;ixon  sundial  at  Bishopston,  276 
Settle's  "  Eusebia  Triumphans,"  458 
Washington  family,  279 
Westall's  Woodman,  392 
Nobilis,  its  derivation,  18 
Norfolk  genealogical  histories,  231 


Sforfolk  (Thomas  Plantagenet  Earl  of),  his  wives,  70, 

134,  157,  198 

STorman  (Louisa  Julia)  on  Lady  C.  R.  Manners,  257 
Normandy,  its  ancient  boundaries,  372,  443 
North  (T.)  on  Black  Monday,  6 

Longevity  of  incumbents,  370 

Ring  mottos,  244 

Sketching  club  or  society,  335 
Norton  family  of  Sharpenhoe,  480 
Norwich  bishops  also  abbots,  354 
"  Norwich  Postman,"  38 
Nottingham  probate  court,  288 
Nottinghamshire  incumbents,  269 
Novelists,  their  blunders,  185 
Novello  (Vincent),  life  and  labours,  444 
Numismatic  queries,  28,  218,  297,  306 
Nursery  tales  in  Latin,  170 

0 

0.  on  Alfred  Bunn,  309 
Gates  (Titus),  gentlemen  who  suffered  from  him,  373, 

459,  480 
O'C.  (E.  B.)  on  the  Hon.  Charles  Boyle,  496 

French  folk  lore,  491 

O'Connell  (Daniel),  lines  on  his  committal,  148 
Ode  to  Insurrection,  1793,  161 
Oglesby,  a  proper  name,  326,  461 
Oil-stains  removed  from  books,  495 
0.  (J.)  on  James  Fordyce,  325 
Scoticisms,  works  on,  273 
Oldcastle  (Sir  John),  "  Historie  of  his  Life,"  67 
Old  Dominion,  or  Virginia,  76 
0.  (0.)  on  aerostation  in  1607,  146 

Coincidence  of  birth  and  death,  166 
Epitaph  on  John  a'Combe,  48 
Heane  (Major-  Gen.  James),  48 
0.  (P.)  on  Lord  Kirkcudbright,  381 
Optatus  on  rebaptism,  5,  55 
"  Orbis  centrum,"  210 

"  Orbis  Sensualium  Victus,"  bibliography,  498 
O'Reilly  (Gen.  Count)  at  Algiers,  432,  518 
Oriental  queries,  394,  442 
Origen  on  the  ancient  British  Church,  130 
0.  (S.)  on  forms  of  prayer,  362 
Osborne  (Thomas)  knocked  down  with  a  folio,  471 
Oscotian  Literary  Gazette,  87,  135 
"Ocrios  and  "Ayios,  their  meaning,  453,  523 
Ostrich,  an  emblem  of  faith,  470 
Ot,  as  a  termination,  87,  140 
Ouseley  (T.  J.),  S.  T.  Coleridge's  letters  to,  467 
OijTis  on  epigram,  39 

Gookin  family,  438 

Overall  (W.  H.)  on  the  meaning  of  Tayntyng,  373 
Owen,  (T.  M.  N.)  bell  inscription  at  New  Romney,  208 
Epitaph  on  Dr.  Vincent,  232 
Simnel  Sunday:  Curfews,  291 
Oxendon,  Little,  demolition  of  the  village,  210 
Oxford,  crypt  of  St.  Peter's  in  the  East,  307,  383,  419 
Oxford  jeu  d'esprit,  "  Scholekobrote,"  47 
Oxford  (De  Veres,  Earls  of),  motto  and  arms,  351 
Oxford  (Edw.  Harley,  2nd  Earl  of),  library,  286,  334 
Oxon  on  symbolism  in  stones,  248 
Oxoniensis  on  Bell  literature,  96 
Bishops'  dress,  419 
Bourne  (Vincent),  epitaph,  515 
Devil,  a  proper  name,  479 


INDEX. 


551 


Oxoniensis  on  Eikon  Basilike,  441 

Moreton  (Sir  William),  434 

Shakspeare  jubilee,  264 

Templars,  wand  of  the  Grand  Masters,  422 
Oyster  grottoes,  140,  192,  257 
Ozone,  a  new  elementary  substance,  292 

P. 

P.  on  De  Scurth  or  De  Scur  family,  294 

Year  Books,  1 1 
•p.  on  monogram  of  Constantine,  314 

Numismatic  queries,  297 
Paint  and  patches,  303,  378 
"  Painted  Lady,"  lines  on,  199 
Painting,  an  allegorical,  393,  459 
Pale,  the  English,  in  Ireland,  130 
Paleologus  (Theodore),  house  at  Clifton,  270 
Palgrave  (F.  T.),  "  Golden  Treasury  of  Songs,"  445 
"Pallas  Annata:  the  Gentleman's  Armorie,"  373,  418 
Palmer  (Lady  Madelina),  marriage,  226 
Pamphlet,  its  derivation,  315,  379,  482 
Pancras  (St.),  Middlesex,  its  early  vicars,  308 
Papa  and  Mamma,  their  orthography,  306,  379 
Paper-makers'  trade  marks,  515 
Paper-making  in  Ireland,  210 
Paper-mill  at  Fenclifteii,  co.  Cambridge,  226 
Paper-mills,  early,  226,  298 
Papworth  (Wyatt),  on  execution  of  Charles  I.,  195 

Contracts,  a  per  centage  deducted,  287 

Gibbons  (Grinling),  family,  423 

Gwynn  (John),  architect,  39 

Hawksmore  (Nicholas),  269 
Parfitt  (£.)  on  Titus  Gates,  459 
Parish  with  one  inhabitant,  266 
Parishes  of  England,  55 
Park  Chapel,  Chelsea,  326 

Parker  (Anth.),  fellow  of  Pembroke  Hall,  Camb.,  528 
Parkinson  (Rev.  James),  of  Birmingham,  388,  520 
Parochial  boundary  marks,  433 
Parr  (Dr.  Samuel),  fondness  for  campanology,  257 
Parsons  (Mrs.),  novelist,  373 
Partridge,  the  American,  198 
"  Parvae  accessiones,"  412 

Pascha  (Joannes),  "  Pilgrimage  to  Palestine,"  458 
Passover,  early  use  of  the  word,  112 
Patches,  political,  worn  by  ladies,  516 
Paterson  (Lieut-Col.  Daniel),  his  death,  364 
Patmos,  cost  of  a  visit  to,  402 
Patrick  (St.)  and  the  shamrock,  187,  233,  293,  422 
Patrick  (St.)  and  venomous  creatures  in  Ireland,  82, 

132,  179,  237 

Paul  (Geo.)  on  portraits  of  Dr.  Johnson,  316 
Paulinus,  a  Scottish  saint,  111,  362,  420 
P.  (C.  C.)  on  casting  in  plaster,  86 
P.  (C.  G.)  on  tedded  grass,  524 
P.  (C.  J.)  on  mayors' -robes,  75 
P  (D.)  on  Dennis  family  arms,  53,  137 

Heraldic:  right  to  continue  arms,  312 

Toison  D'Or,  233 
Peacock  family  of  Scotter,  269 
Peacock  (Edward)  on  American  major-generals,  344 

Bainbridge  family,  1 5 

Dagnia  family,  257 

Dyon  (John),  ballad  on  his  murder,  7 

Monumental  brass  of  a  knight,  7 

Peacock  family,  269 


Peacock  (Edward)  on  Quotation,  247 

Remington  family,  pedigree,  259 

Ring  mottoes,  83 

Sandtoft  register,  71 

Peacock  (L.)  on  St.  Luke,  patron  of  painters,  220,  336 
Peat-bogs,  394 

Peel  (Joshua)  of  Whitby,  306 
Peers'  incomes  in  the  17th  century,  107,  156,  253 
Pelagius  on  baptismal  names,  508 

Dentition  in  old  age,  509 

Dogs,  their  moral  qualities,  509 

Dying  with  the  ebbing  tide,  508 

Execution  for  witchcraft,  508 

Quotations,  &c.,  362 

Ring  finger,  508 

Preposition  at  the  end  of  a  sentence,  509 

Watkin  family,  Breconshire,  307 
Pell  (John),  "  Table  of  Ten  Thousand  Square  Num- 
bers," 348 

Pennsylvania  bonds,  413 
Penny  (W.  C.)  on  piscina;  near  roodlofts,  361 
Perambulations,  parochial,  433 
Pere  la  Chaise,  remarkable  epitaph,  430 
Perichyte,  a  kind  of  contest,  19 
Periodicals,  origin  of  their  names,  324 
Perkins  (Richard),  part  in  "  Vittoria  Corombona,"  367 
Pershore  bush-houses,  141 

Peterburgiensis  on  piscinae  near  roodlofts,  361,459 
Peter's  farthings,  104 

Peter's  pence,  in  what  countries  collected,  49,  256 
Peters  (Rev.  Wm.),  artist  and  divine,  525 
Petticoat  trial,  358 
Pew-rents,  their  custodian,  373,  443 
P.  (F.)  on  Greek  fire,  423 
Phsedrus  on  the  Fault-bag,  477,  526 
Phelps  (J.  L.)  on  Phelps  "family,  269 
Phelps  (Thomas),  a  captain  in  Cromwell's  army,  269 
Phillips  (Rev.  George)  ancestry,  230 
Phillips  (Jos.)  on  Hopton  family,  120 

Browne  (Sir  Anthony),  portrait,  529 

Wives  of  English  princes,  296 
Phillips  (J.  F.)  on  Edward  Darcy,  Esq.,  290 

Grammatical  corruptions,  370 

Hemans  (Mrs.),  her  forgeries,  261 

Telegraph  and  the  old  lady,  408 
"Philomathic  Journal,"  its  contributors,  291,  339 
Philosopher's  stone,  works  on,  47 
Phajnix  family,  247,  440 
Phomix  (James  P.),  his  family,  306 
Photo-lithography,  104 
Physicians,  noble,  219 

Picart  (Bernard),  "  Religious  Ceremonies,"  247 
Pickford  (J.  H.),  M.D.,  on  dentition  in  old  age,  18 
Pico  (Giovanni),  Prince  of  Mirandola,  323 
Piggin,  a  small  vessel,  104,  173 
Pike  family  of  Martin,  arms,  110 
Pike  (Sarah  Leigh),  authoress,  307 
Pilkington  family,  167,  238 
Pilkington  (Thomas)  sworn  in  as  Lord  Mayor,  431 
Pill  Garlick,  origin  of  the  term,  434 
Pimlico,  origin  of  the  name,  327 
Pinkerton  (W.)  on  Collins,  author  of  '  To-morrow,'  445 

French  legend,  14 

Seton  (Alex.),  the  alchemist,  245 

Wonderful  animal  sent  to  Ireland,  7 1 
Pinks  (William  John),  noticed,  260 


552 


INDEX. 


Piscinae  near  roodlofts,  270,  361,  441.  459,  509 
Pitt  (James)  on  quaint  surnames,  163 
Pitnita,  quantity  of,  184 
Pizarro's  coat  of  arms.  8,  55,  315 
P.  (J.)  on  Pike  family  of  Martin,  110 
Plague  pit  in  Broad  Street  Buildings,  85 
Platform  =  ground  plan,  57,  134 
Plato's  anticipation  of  Shakspeare,  473 
Platts  (Rev.  John)  Unitarian  teacher,  412 
Ploughs  in  churches,  18 
Plunket  (Lord),  unpublished  letter,  278 
P.  (M.)  on  Irish  at  Cressy  and  Asjincourt,  35 
P.  (M.  E.)  on  Sheridan's  Greek,  381 
Pn.  (J.  A.)  on  bishops'  robes,  359 
Pole  (Win.)  on  ancient  wntught-iron  artillery,  447 
Political  economy  characterised,  288 
Pomeroy  family,  128,  238 
Pomeroy  (Henry  de)  annuity  to  his  heirs.  475 
Pomfret  (Miry,  Countess  of),  122 
Pont  (James),  heraldic  collections,  499 
Pontifex,  its  derivation,  84,  135, 176 
Pope  (AJex.)  indebted  to  Senault.  46,  113;  Latin  trans- 
lation of  "  Universal  Prayer,"  42 1 
Pope  (Rev.  Fred.  Sherlock)"of  \Vhitby,  395 
Porter,  a  drink,  where  first  sold,  189 
Porter  (Endymion),  noticed.  144 
Portio:  Pensio,  explained,  477 
Portrait  painters  in  London,  1745 — 1755,  433 
Portraits  of  ladies  temp.  George  IV.,  395 
Postal  system,  its  antiquity,  247,  355 
Potato  and  point,  496 
Potheen,  a  liquor.  188,  278,  399,  503 
Pot  walloping  franchise.  168,  217,  296 
P.  (P.)  on  binding  a  stone  in  a  sling,  97 

Catherine  de  Medicis'  picture  at  Acton  Towers,  69 

Commoners  using  supporters,  401 

Crush  a  cup,  159 

Cubitt  (Alderman)  mark  of  respect  431 

God  save  the  King  in  church,  423 

Goose  feasts,  159 

Jones  (Paul),  436 

Plat  form = ground  plan,  134 

Playing  Germands,  135 

St.Yuste,  77 

Sugar  tongs  like  a  fork.  70 

Tanjibs,  cambric  muslins,  88 

Zealand  and  Ashton,  74 
P.  (R.)  on  numismatic  queries,  306 
Praed  (W.  M.)  repnblication  of  his  Poems,  57 
Prayers  for  the  dead,  188,  277,  360 
Preposition  at  the  end  of  a  sentence,  509 
Prestwich  (Edmund),  poet,  168,  361 
Price  (Charles),  impostor,  his  family,  412,  525 
Price  (\Vm.)  on  Sir  Wir.  James,  Bart.,  402 
I'rideaux  (George)  on  Sir  Francis  Drake,  272,  330 
Primrose,  called  "our  Lady's  key,"  110,  156 
Printers,  early  Scottish,  1 

Prior  (Matthew),  paraphrase  on  1  C»r.  xiii..  267,  296 
Private  soldier,  origin  and  meaning.  501 
Prognostications,  foreign  works  on,  395 
Prop,  a  game,  230 
Prophet  in  the  Passion  Mysteries,  498 

Proverbs  and  Phrases  : — 

Boating :  "  We  are  in  the  same  boat,''  370 
Cat  in  the  pan.  or  turn  coat.  17 


Proverbs  and  Phrases  :  — 

Cleanliness  next  to  godliness,  419 

Crack  a  bottle,  18 

Crush  a  cup,  18.  97,  159,  200 

French :  Have  the  French  for  friends,  but  not  for 
neighbours,  451 

Greek  :  fjA<p  6  fjAos,  286 

Hang  upon  his  lips,  434 

I  know  no  more  than  the  Pope.  217?  318 

Lincolnshire,  on  a  dry  spring,  82 

Mitch  ke  Ditch,  326^  404 

Niche  in  the  temple  of  Fame,  113 

Party,  the  madness  of  many  for  the  gain  of  a  few, 
269,  338 

Pill  Garlick,  434 

Pimlico  :  "  To  keep  it  in  Pimlico,''  327 

Prayer  and  provender  never  hinders  a  journey,  19 

Strike  but  hear,  113 

The  donkey  merms  one  thing  and  the  driver  another, 
87,  157,  218 

To  speak  by  the  card.  56 

Tom  Tidler's  ground,  454 

Truth  :  Following  the  heels  of  truth.  28. 137 

Under  the  rose,  453 

Touched  by  thy  pen,  conserve  to  pickle  turns,  525 
Proverbs   xxvi.  8,    differently  translated,  9,    96,   137, 

219,  259,  400 

Prudentins,  his  Christmas  carol.  511 
Pryce  (George)  on  Rev.  George  Heath  of  Bristol,  247 

Little  (Wm.),  the  Bristol  grammarian,  28 

William,  Earl  of  Gloucester,  death,  300 
P.  (S.  T.)  on  university  degrees,  317 
Ptolemy's  knowledge  of  Africa  and  the  sources  of  the 

Nile,  105 

"  Push  along — keep  moving,"  a  sobriquet,  469 
P.  (\V.)  on  bed-gown  and  night  dress.  246 

Bills  of  mortality,  166 

Bray  family,  28 

Buckingham  water-gate,  173 

Churches  in  the  Highlands,  431 

Coal  at  Oxford,  267 

Cold  in  June.  1 59 

Cromwell  (Oliver),  his  bust.  26  ;  burial-place,  175 

Edward,  Prince  of  Wales,  letters,  148 

Human  stature,  a  note  for  artists,  164 

Maypole  in  the  Strand,  126 

Mossing  a  barn,  28 

New  Ross.  co.  Wexford.  159 

Pilkington  (Thomas).  Mavor  of  London,  43 1 

Pill  Garlick.  434 

Rule  and  rod,  174 

St.  Stephen's  church,  Walbrook,  50 

Steam-boat,  451 

Yitrnvius  in  English.  149 

Whitehall,  plan  of  its  ruins,  29,  198 

Whitehall  !  a  war  cry,  188 
"  Pylgrimage  of  Perfection,"  1526.  271 
Pyman  (Capt.  Thomas),  of  Whitby,  his  death,  353 

Q. 
Q.  on  Bede's  Commentary  on  the  Pentateuch,  127 

Cyclones  at  the  Seychelles,  145 

Lynn  Regis,  326 

Terms  used  in  knighthood,  7 

Sinaitic  inscriptions,  361 
Q.  in  a  Corner,  on  mayors,  right  worshipful,  37 


INDEX. 


553 


Q.  (R.  S.)  on  court  costume  of  Louis  XIII.,  256 

Quarter-muster,  his  duties,  29 

Quarterly  Reviews,  Index  of  subjects  suggested,  226, 

316,  440 

Queen's  Gardens  on  crest  of  Prince  of  Wales,  317 
Quercus  on  Cowthorpe  oak,  238 

Quotations  :  — 

A  lie  which  is  all  a  lie,  49 

Author  of  good,  to  Thee  I  turn,  353 

Aut  tu  es  Erasmus,  ant  diabolus,  515 

Aut  tu  Morus  aut  nnllus,  515 

And  know  the  misery  of  a  granted  prayer,  49 

And  when  I'm  laid  beneath  the  sod,  288 

Aurea  prima  sata  est  ajtas,  89 

Chase  a  panting  syllable,  288 

Did  sweeter  sounds  adorn  my  flowing  tongue.  267, 

296 

Dogs,  their  fidelity,  50 
Est  Rosa  flos  Veneris,  etc.,  453 
Few  the  words  that  I  have  spoken,  498 
God  and  the  doctor  we  alike  adore,  499 
He  died  of  no  distemper.  454,  509 
He  died,  and  she  married  the  barber,  187,  237 
Ignis  hie  efficitur  tantum  per  paganos,  353 
Insatiate  archer  !  could  not  one  suffice  ?  89 
Les  Anglais  s'amusent  tristement,  208,  277 
Love  thou  thy  sorrow,  129.  177 
Life,  what  is  life  ?   etc.,  498 
My  wound  is  great  because  it  is.  so  small.  211 
Nearer,  my  God,  to  Thee.  247.  279 
0  for  a  bock  and  a  shady  nook,  288 
0  mark  again  the  coursers  of  the  sun,  288 
Palmam  qui  meruit  ferat.  40 
Perimus  licitis.  40 

Shall  we  repair  the  broken  string,  288 
Stand  still,  my  steed,  let  me  review  the  scene.  288 
Utilis  lectio,  ntilis  ernditio.  etc.,  499 
We  live  to  die.  and  die  to  live  again.  326 
What  is  the  blooming  tincture  of  tiie  skin,  129 
When  Seeker  preaches  and  Murray  pleads,  499 
Quotations,  incorrect,  133,  292 


R.  ontlie  Fault-bag,  477 

Ram  and  Teazle  inn  sign,  522 
RV,  rolling  them  in  pronunciation,  68 
R.  (A.)  on  Madame  de  Genii?,  134 

Gambrinus,  inventor  of  beer,  147 

"  Siege  of  Belgrade."  88 
R.  (A.  A.)  on  the  Rev,  John  Ball,  39 

Melanchthon  (Philip),  quoted,  352 
Rabbett  (Michael),  Rector  of  St.  Vedast.  Foster  Lane, 

228,  380 

Radnorshire  rhyme,  70,  140 
Radulf  (Abp.)  and  Rochester  cathedral,  322 
Raleigh  (Sir  Walter),'  arms,  33,  54,  77,  255  ;  a  cha- 
racter in  the  "  Fai-rie  Queene.'1   65,   66,  102,  150  ; 
inedited  letter,  3  ;  his  skull,  168 
Ramage  (C.  T.)  on  Albion  and  her  white  roses,  275 

Discovery  of  the  Tynan  purple,  419 

Greek  phrase,  442 

Hawkins  family,  506 

Lenten  Litanies,  361 

Manorial  rights.  436 

Mustache.  521 


Ramage  (C.  T.)  on  "  Parva3  accessiones,''  412 

Potheen,  a  liquor,  399 

Seneca  quoted,  463 

"  Ram  and  Teazle,"  an  inn  sign.  449,  522 
Random,  origin  of  the  word,  183 
Raven,  its  longevity,  471,  526 
Rawdon  (Marmaduke)  of  York,  160 
Raymond  (Mr.)  inquired  after.  111 
R.  (B.)  on  misuse  of  words,  407 
R.  (C.  J.)  on  armorial  query,  246 

Families  of  Trepsack  and  Forster,  325 

Wake  (Margaret),  her  mother,  258 

Washington  (Joseph),  516 
R.  (D.  J.),  on  Dagnia  family,  209 
Read  family,  1 48 

Rebellion  in  the  North,  1569,  persons  concerned,  8 
j  Reconnoiterer,  a  glass,  60 
!  Record  Commission  publications,  177 
i  Rediger  on  W.  Seeker,  "  The  Nonsuch  Professor,"  49 
1  Redmond  (S.)  on  Clerical  Baronets,  148,  257,  442 

Grasshopper  and  cricket,  491 

Great  Crosby  goose  feast,  82 

Heath  beer,  310 

Irish  Union,  507 

'•Letters  on  Literature,"  134 

May  maids  in  Ireland  and  France,  229 

O'Connell  (Dan.),  lines  on  his  committal,  184 

Postal  system,  its  antiquity,  247 

Potheen,  503 

Shamrock,  293 

St.  John's  eve  in  Ireland,  251 

Surnames  ending  in  Cox,  304 

Tedded  grass,  524 

Regiomontanus.  his  family  name,  110,  178,  256,  277 
"  Reliable,"  a  modern  corruption,  524 
Religious  rites  and  customs,  engravings,  228 
Remington  (Sir  Thomas),  descendants,  210,  259 
"  Renaud,"  a  Swiss  ballad,  221 
R.  (E.  0.)  on  Law  of  Lauriston,  31 
Repton  school,  head  masters,  36 
Reres  (Lady)  and  Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  395,  505 
Revalenta,  its  ingredients,  496 
R.  (E.  W.)  on  the  origin  of  Exchequer,  117 
R.  (F.  R.)  on  Laurence  Halsted,  295 
Rheged  (Vryan)  on  William  Crossley,  438 
R.  (H.  J.)  on  christening  tongs,  251 
R.  (H.  M.)  on  Weston  in  Gordano,  1 69 
Rhodes  (J.  P.  de)  on  Prince  Justiniani,  453 
Rhodocanakis  on  modern  Greek  law,  117 
Rhymes  on  places,  work  on,  353 
Rickets  cured  by  a  woman.  372 
Riddle  :    Gaslight,   milestone,-  ;or  .  tollbar,   188,    277, 

338,  439;  one  solved  for  'l.OOOf ,  289 
Rider  (Cardanus).  and  his  British  Merlin,  87 
Rider  (Master 'Richard),  of  Leicester,  49 
Riding  the  fringes  (franchises),  244,  313 
Riding  the  stang,  37 

Ridings  (Elijah),  author  of  <;  The  Village  Muse,"  70,  99 
Right  Honourable,  persons  entitled  toils  use,  87 
Rimbault  (Dr.  E.  F.)  on  Mrs.  Cokayne,  415 

Clerk  of  the  Cheque,  417 

Derhain  park  gate,  422 

Jack  the  giant  killer,  403 

Wadloe  (Simon  and  John),  403 

Young  (Anthony),  417 
Ring  finger  in  ancient  times,  508 


554 


INDEX. 


King  mottoes,  83,  156,  177,  180,  243,  382 
Eipon,  custom  at,  324,  378 
Rix  (Joseph),  M.D.,  on  George  Bellas,  256 
Expedition  to  Carthagena,  400 
"  Exhibition,  or  a  Second  Anticipation,"  497 
Handasyde  family  pedigree,  95 
E.  (J.)  on  binding  a  stone  in  a  sling,  97 
Heyward  (Sir  Kowland),  arms,  89 
Merchant's  mark  at  Ilford,  87 

St.  Mary  Matfelon  :  Virgin!  Pariturse,  5 
Swift's  Tale  of  a  Tub,  its  origin,  5 
R.  (J.  C.)  on  capacity  of  religion  in  animals,  507 
R.  (L.  C.)  on  angelic  vision  of  the  dying,  436 
Old  damask  patterns,  528 

Wellington  a  child-eater,  526 
R.  (L.  M.  M.)  on  heath  beer,  311 
R.  (M.  S.)  on  John  Freer,  401 

Rudyerd  (Major),  338 

Sharp's  Sortie  from  Gibraltar,  273 

Third  Buffs,  337 
R.  (N.  H.)  on  party  patches,  516 
Tile  barn,  326 

Woodhay  church,  its  peal  of  bells,  349 
Rob,  a  juice  of  vegetables,  193,  419 
Roberts  (E.)  on  sketching  club  or  society,  248,  335 
Robertson  (John)  on  the  meaning  of  Wale,  1 20 
"  Robin's  Last  Shift,"  530 
Robinson  (C.  J.)  on  Lionel  Lukin,  302 
Robinson  (Robert),  notes  on  his  life,  341,  458,481,  529 
Rochester  cathedral,  its  architecture,  321 
Rochet,  a  linen  vestment,  359,  360 
Rod  in  ladies'  school,  32 

Roe  (Sir  Thomas)  and  Bedlam  burial-ground,  85 
Roffe  (Alfred)  on  a  pas.-age  in  Hamlet,  367 
Ruffe  (Edwin)  on  John  Harrison's  monument,  527 

"  The  Looking  Glass,"  15 
Rollo,  Duke  of  Normandy,  his  first  wife,  499 
Roman  Catholic  uses,  129,  172,  320 
Romney,  New,  bell  inscription,  208 
Ronald,  or  Ranald  bell,  111 
Rood-lofts,  bequests  for,  498 
Rook  family,  118,157 
Rose  (Hugh),  botanist,  395 
Rose  (William),  apothecary,  373 
Rose  (Wm.  Stewart),  biography,  280,  345 
Rosslyn  (Earl  of),  his  birth-place,  144 
Rousseau  (Jean  Jaqnes),  portrait  at  Leek,  475 
Roundheads,  Army  Lists  of,  120 
Rowlands  (J.  B.)  on  origin  of  the  word  Bigot,  98 

Cormorants  caught  with  the  hand,  304 

Msvius,  238 

Piscina;  near  rood  lofts,  441 

Rood-lofts,  bequests  for,  498 

ZadkielV  crystal  ball,  108 
Rowlands  (W.  B.)  on  Anglican  doctrines,  92 

Brian,  King  and  Martyr,  360 

Chrysom  children,  505 

Church  used  by  Churchmen  and  Romanists,  56 

Drake  (Sir  Francis),  portraits,  118 

Greek  proverb,  286 

Holy  communion  at  weddings,  175 

Jacob's  staff,  197 

Jones  (Paul)  and  Lady  Selkirk,  300 

Nennius,  a  Scottish  saint,  420 

Salt  in  baptism,  317 

St.  John's  Eve  in  Ireland,  251 


Rowlands  (W.  B.)  on  Strange  derivations,  84,  142,  176 

"  To  speak  by  the  card,"  56 
Wotton  (Sir  Henry),  crystal  sexangular,  70 
Rowlatt  family  of  Oakley  Hall, 248 
R.  (R.  H.)  on  magic  pear  of  Coalston,  177 
R.  (S.  Y.)  on  William  Aurerell,  166 

Blackbeard  (Isaac)  of  Whitby,  372 

Bullen  (William),  M.D.,  164 

Caverley  (Sir  Henry),  501 

Chapman  (Edward  Walton),  325 

Christian  names  of  authors,  164 

Cook  (Vincent),  167 

Crocker  (Abraham),  431 

Craig  (Rev.  Thomas),  325 

Crossley  (Wm.),  engineer,  267 

Dorset  (Mrs.),  author  of  "Peacock  at  Home,"  372 

Dove  (Thomas)  Bp.  of  Peterborough,  164 

Eastmead  (Rev.  William),  186 

Felton  (Rev.  Wm.)  musical  composer,  228 

Fowke  (Joseph),  287 

Gale  (Benjamin),  artist,  268 

Howard  (Henry),  governor  of  Malraesbury,  397 

Howard  (Sir  Robert),  K.B.,  327 

Lamont  (David),  D.D.,  his  death,  498 

Livingston  (Chancellor),  327 

Mace  (Daniel)  of  Newbury,  372 

Manners  (Lady  Catherine  Rebecca),  187 

Middleton  (Win.),  botanist,  269 

Nasmith  (David),  his  death,  170 

Palmer  (Lady  Madelina),  226 

Peel  (Joshua)  of  Whitby,  306 

Parsons  (Mrs.),  her  Christian  name,  373 

Platts  (Rev.  John),  412 

Pope  (Rev.  Fred.  Sherlock),  395 

Pyman  (Capt.  Thomas),  353 

Rose  (Hugh),  botanist,  395 

Rose  (William  Stewart),  280 

Rose  (William),  an  apothecary,  373 

Rudyerd  (Major),  239 

Smith  (Rt.  Hon.  John),  327 

Theobalds  as  a  royal  palace,  272 

Thompson  (Rev.  Peter)  of  Whitby,  289,  402 

Veneer  (John),  of  St.  Andrew,  Chichester,  351 

Wadlow  (Simon  and  John),  207 

Wallace  (Robert).  395 

Weedon  (Francis  Charles),  516 

Young  (Anthony),  327 

Rubens  (Peter  Paul)  and  the  Golden  Fleece,  168,  218 
Rudyerd  (Major),  noticed,  289,  338 
Rule  and  rod,  174 
Rum,  orRume  [Paulinus],  Scottish  saint,  111,362,  420 

S. 
S.  on  the  Court  of  Session,  125 

Fraser  (Sir  Alexander),  474 

Grape,  and  sea-side  grape,  85 

Handasyde  pedigree,  29,  432 

Singapore,  482 

Smith  of  Nevis,  443 

Whitstable  and  Sea  Salter  churches,  290 
S.  (A.)  on  the  Prince  of  Wales's  feathers,  412 
Sacy  (Le  Matt  re  de),  131 
"  Saddle  letter"  of  Cbarles  I.,  410 
Safford  (J.  B  )  on  egg  hopping,  492 
St.  Anthony's  temptation,  228,  297  ;  preaching  to  the 
fishes,  289,  331,  414,462 


INDEX. 


555 


St.  Arland,  or  St.  Orland,  a  Scottish  saint,  111 
St.  Bartholomew's  church,  Smithfield,  308 
St.  Brannock,  traditionary  notices,  29 
St.  Braocl),  a  Scottish  saint,  111 
St.  Clement's  day,  customs,  492 
St.  Cuthbert,  his  translation,  44 
St.  Diggle,  inquired  after,  111,  174,  220 
St.  Dunstan's  old  clock,  its  figures,  325 
St.  Eurit,  or  St.  Urit,  111,  240 
St.  Francis,  his  preaching  to  beasts,  508 
St.  George,  his  heart,  411 
St.  George  (J.)  on  heraldic  query,  128 
St.  George's,  Middlesex,  250 
St.  Germain,  arms  of  the  French  family,  70,  177 
St.  James's  Park,  Turkish  gun,  30 
St.  John's  Eve,  custom  in  Ireland,  168,  251,  318 
St.  John  of  Jerusalem,  historical  notices  of  the  Order, 
11,   30  ;    English  Langue,   11,  30,  92,  190,  212  ; 
manors  and  lordships  in  England,  167 
St.  Liz  on  Colonel  Collet,  147 

Collet  (Mr.  John),  175 
St.  Luke,  the  patron  of  painters,  220,  336 
St.  Mary  of  the  Annunciation,  church  dedicated  to,  168 
St.  Mary  Church,  Devon,  its  vicars,  125 
St.  Mary  the  Egyptian,  painting  on  glass,  433,  483 
St.  Mary  Matfelon,  alias  Whitechapel,  5,  75,  419,  483 
St.  Pancras,  Middlesex,  its  early  vicars,  308 
St.  Patrick  and  the  shamrock,  187,  233,  293,  422  ; 
and  venomous  creatures  in  Ireland,  82,  132,  179,  237 
St.  Paul  an  unmarried  man,  18 
St.  Stephen's,  Walbrook,  its  semblance  in  Italy,  50 
St.  Swithin  on  Exchequer,  its  etymology,  116 
St.  T.  on  American  army  movements,  496 

Hartshorne  (William),  128 

Hearn  and  Sancroft  families,  147 

Hume  (Isabel),  167 

Jones  (Gilbert),  128 

Somerville  family,  129 
Sala  (Geo.  Aug.)  on  Exchequer-cheque,  43,  73 

Innocente  coat,  335 

Terrier,  a  dog,  335 
Salden  mansion,  Bucks,  373 
Salmasius  (Claude),  "  Defence  of  Charles  I.."  375 
Salmon  (Mrs.),  wax  work,  373 
Salt  in  baptism,  246,  317 
Sampson   (Rev.  John),    master    of   Kendal    grammar 

school,  24,  77 

Sampson  (Rev.  Thomas),  his  longevity,  70,  99 
Sancroft  and  EL-arn  families,  147 
Sanderson  (Rev.  Anthony  Nourse),  515 
Sanderson  (Bp.  Robert),  profession  of  faith,  92 
Sandtoft  register,  its  present  owner,  71,  99 
Sangraal,  the  Quest  of,  530 
Sandys  (Wm.)  on  baptism  of  bells,  440 

Parishes  in  England,  55 

Sheriffs  in  Cornwall,  55 
Saracen's  Head,  origin  of  the  sign,  226 
Saragossa  (the  Maid  of),  noticed,  452 
Scalding  Thursday,  326,  441 
Scandinavian  heraldry,  473,  528 
S.  (C.  E.)  on  Smith  of  Nevis,  402' 
Sceptre  of  the  City  of  London,  183 
Scharf  (G.)  on  Milton's  portrait,  26 
Schiller  (Frederick),  "  Song  of  the  Bell,"  266 
Scholefield,  epigram  on  two  of  that  name,  30S 
Schonreus  (Corn.),  a  German  author,  189.' 


Scone,  a  bishoprick,  187,  254 

Scoticisms,  works  on,  225,  272 

Scott  (Sir  Walter),  tampering  with  the  text  of  his 
works,  470  :  on  the  river  Thames,  391 

Scottish,  or  Scotch,  as  an  adjective,  454,  523 

Scottish  colony  in  France,  8 

Scottish  ladies'  court  dresses,  266 

Scottish  painters,  early,  1 

Scottish  saints  unknown,  111,  240,362 

Scotus  on  Robert  Burns  and  George  IV.,  69 

Robert   Burns,    jun.,  and    "  Caledonian  Musical 

Museum,"  497 
Montalembert  (Count  de),  453 

Sea  Salter  church,  date  of  erection,  290 

Seal,  mediaeval,  453,  529 

Seals  of  monarchs  with  hairs,  288 

Seeker  (W.),  author  of  "  The  Nonsuch  Professor,"  49 

Sedechias,  alias  Bar  Abraham,  9 

Sedechias,  the  Cabbalist,  9,  309,  401 

Sefton  (Earl  of ),  a  Roman  Catholic  priest,  148,  198, 
317,  403,  442,  507 

S.  (E.L.)  on  Mr.  Adlercron,  460 
Boswell's  visit  to  Tyburn,  186 
Buchanan's  Pronouncing  Dictionary,  521 
Executions  in  France,  482 
Jest  books,  1 59 

Selkirk  (Alex.),  cup  and  chest,  348 

Selkirk  (Countess  of)  and  Paul  Jones,  269,  300 

Selrahe  on  the  climate  of  Bermuda,  397 

Selwyn  (George)  and  Hndibrastic  couplet,  61 

Senault  (J.  F.)  "  The  Use  of  the  Passions,"  46,  118 

Seneca,  quotation  from,  373,  463 

Senescens  on  auctions  in  Cumberland,  410 
Tradition  of  the  wooden  bell,  433 

Sennoke  on  an  anonymous  work,  246 

Septnagint,  authorised  version,  307,  379 

Sepulchral  monuments  mutilated,  286,  363,  420,  457 

Sergeant-Major,  his  duties,  29 

Serjeants-at-law,  dates  and  mottoes,  252 

Serjeants'  rings  given  to  royalty,  180,  219,  278,  363 

Seth  the  patriarch,  289 

Seton  (Alex.)  the  Scottish  alchemist,  245 

Settle  (Elkanah),  "  Eusebia  Triumphans,"  394;  arms 
on  a  copy,  458 

Se'vigne'  (Madame  de),  unpublished  letters,  451 

S.  (G.)  on  Baron  Bailie  courts  in  Scotland,  515 

S.  (H.)  on  Lady  Reres,  505 

S.  (H.  A.)  on  Josephine's  Address  to  Napoleon,  463 

Shades,  a  public  house  bar,  origin  of  the  word,  391 

Shakspeare  (Wm.),  his  original  vocation,  265;  tomb- 
stone of  his  daughter,  Mrs.  Hill,  308 ;  his  obliga- 
tions to  Giraldi  Cinthio,  374;  anticipated  by  Plato, 
473;  Genealogy,  201,  264,  363 

Skakspeariana : — 

All's  Well  that  Ends  Well,  Act  I.  sc.  3:  "  Young 

Charbon  .  .  .old  Poysam,"  106  ;   Act  II.  sc.  1 : 

"  Captaine  Spurio,   his   cicatrice,"    107,  203; 

Sc.  3:    "Things  supernatural  and  causekss," 

364 

Characters,  by  C.  Cowden  Clarke,  200 
Hamlet,  Act  III.  sc.  4:  "  That  monster,  Custom, 

who  all  sense  doth  eat,"  121,  367 
Jubilee,  264,  367,  402 
Juliet  unveiled,  181 
Julias  Csesar,  Act  III.  sc.  1 :   "  Et  tu,  Brute !"  203 


556 


INDEX. 


Shakspeariana :  — 

King  John,  Act  III.  sc.  1 :  "A  new  untrimmed 
bride,"  366 

Macbeth,  with  Annotations,  70 

Measure  for  Measure,  Act  III.  sc.  1 :  '•  And  follies 
cloth  emmeto,"  263,  368 

Merchantof  Venice,  notes  on,  121,  201,  202,  262, 
264 

Merry  Wives  of  Windsor,  Act  I.  sc.  1 :  ''For  the 
revolt  of  mine  is  dangerous,"  366 

Stratford-upon-Avon  records,  40 

Tempest,  John  Kemble's  version,  44 

Works,  by  Clarke  and  Glover,  20 
Shamrock,  its  derivation,  233,  293,  422 
Sharp  (Wm.),  "  Sortie  from  Gibraltar,"  210,  273 
Shay  '(.Samuel)  on  Index  to  Quarterly  Reyiews/226 
Sheridan  (R.  B.)  and  Lord  Belgrave's  Greek,  381 
Sheriffe  (Richard)  J>f -Castle  Carey,  will,  125 
Sheriffs  df  Cornwall,  17 
Sheriffs  of  London,  A.D.  1188— 1274,  39 
S.  (H.B.)  on  crest  of  Prince  of  Wales,  209 
Shields  (Thomas)  on  meaning  of  Bouman,  95 
"  Shift  Shifted,"  530 
Shirley  (E.  P.)  on  Sir  Basil  Brooke,  136 
S.  (H.  J.)  on  the  Acland  family,  452 

Spenser  and  Travers,  373 
"  Short  Rule  of  Good  Lyfe,"  its  author,  185 
Shurley  (J.),  ".Ecclesiastical  History  Epitomis'd,"  499 
Siberia,  superstition  in,  82 

Sidney   (Sir   Philip),    the  "Arcadia"    unveiled,    150, 
237 ;  the  Redcrosse  Knight  of  the  "  Faerie  Queene," 
21,22,  65,  66,  101—103,  150;  BenvogHo  of  Shake- 
speare's "Juliet,"  181 
"  Siege  of  Belgrade,"  88,  315 
Sigismond  on  Barrett  and  Harris  families,  410 
Sigma  ori'Suhimoninff  the  Grand  Jury,  211 

Quotations,  113,  129 

"Robin  Adair,"  -130 
Sigma  Theta  on  anonymous  arms,  325 

Cup  stolen  from  house  of  Glengarry,  351 

Deacon  Brodie,  372 

Freer  (John),  325 

Lizars  family,  352 

Watson  of  Lofthouse,  Yorkshire,  515 
Simnel  Sunday,  or  Mothering  Sunday,  291 
Simon  (Thomas),  book  on  vellurn,  111 
Simpson  (J.  H.)  on  Herod  the  Great,  87 
Sinaitic  inscriptions,  37,  361 
Sinavee,  or  Sinavey,  a  spring,  111,  200 
Singapore  and  its  Chinese  residents,  395,  482 
Sirlcin  knighted,  472 
S.  (J.),  Kensington,  on  Rev.  Richard  Barry,  227 

Bowden  (Rev.  Mr.)  of  Frome,  431 
S.  (J.  H.)  on  Robert  Johnson's  "Relations,"  110 

Quotation,  49 

Ring  mottoes,  177 

Sketching  club  or  society,  248,  296,  335 
Sky  at  sunset,  470 
Skyring  family,  arms  or  pedigree,  50 
Skyring  (G.  W.)  on  Skyring  family  arms,  50 
Sleigh  (John)  on  Charles  Edward's  adherents,  392 

Culloden  dispatch  inedited,  409 

Dienlacres  abbey,  co.  Stafford,  393 

Portraits  of  Cromwell  and  Rousseau,  475 

Wandering  Jew  in  Staffordshire  moorlands,  395 


Smart  (Chris.),  editor  of  "  The  Midwife,  or  Old  Woman's 

Magazine,"  254 

Smid  (Theobald)  on  Sir  Nich.  Throckmorton,  454 
Smith  family  of  Nevis,  402,  443 
Smith  (John),  of  Snenton,  in  Yorkshire,  112 
Smith  (lit.  Hon.  John),  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Com- 
mons, 327 

Smith  (Dr.  Miles),  Bp.  of  Gloucester,  date  of  death,  228 
Smith  (Richard),  titular  Bishop  of  Chalcedon,  129 
Smith  (Samuel),  puritan  minister,  501 
Smith  (Tippoo),  whist  player,  246 
Smith  (W.  J.  B.)  on  Beatrice  Cenci's  last  prayer,  266 

Binding  a  stone  in  a  sling,  400 

Production  from  a  blast  furnace,  298 
Smyth  (Robert),  early  Scottish  printer,  2 
Smythc  (Abram)  on  an  old  medal,  515 
Snake  in  the  stomach  of  a  man,  358 
Snetlage  (Dr.  Leonard),  of  Gottingen,  353,  421 
Snuff-boxes  presented  by  Queen  Anne,  8 
Socius  on  authorised  edition  of  Septuagint,  307 
Socrates'  dog,  475,  527 
Soldier,  origin  and  meaning  of  a  private,  501 
Solsberg  on  hymn  by  S.  F.  Adams,  279 

Canne  (John).  441 
Somersetshire  wills,  124 
Somerville  family,  pedigree,  129 
"  Songe  du  Vergier,"  107 

Songs  and  Ballads ; 

American  army  movements,  496 

Anti-Jacobin  of  the  last  century,  285 

Bartram's  dirge,  284 

Battle  of  Hexhum,  56 

By  the  side  of  a  murmuring  stream,  208 

Dawtie,  by  Robert  Anderson,  35 

Drinking  song,  attributed  to  Walter  Mapes,  361 

Eileen  a  Roon,  130 

Featherstonhaugh  ballad,  284 

George  Ridler^s  Oven,  210 

God  save  the  Kinsr,  its  authorship,  417 

Jolly  Nose,  488 

Josephine's  Address  to -Napoleon,  411,  463 

Knitting  song  in  Yorkshire,'  205 

Lord  Airtli's  complaints,  186    . 

Miller  of  the  Dee,  49,  78,  277 

Negro  songs,  by  S.  C.  Foster,  392 

Renaud,  a  Swiss  ballad,  221 

Robin  Adair,  its  author,  130 

Stafford,  "  Whorley  Boonk,"  87,  140 

To-morrow,  by  John  Collins.  445 

True  Blue,  210,  257 

Woo'd  and  married  and  a',  270 
Southampton,  the  Walloon  Church,  499 
Southcote  (Joanna),  pamphlets  on  her  imposture,  476 
Spain,  the  royal  arms  df,  1 0 
Spal  on  Edgar  family,  187 

Genii,  Jin,  Genius,  Yin,  491 

Heath  beer,  311 

Oglesby,  a  proper  name,  326 
Spalding  (Robert),  Regius  Prof,  of  Hebrew,  Cambridge, 

228,  380 

Spanish  grandees,  465 
Spanish  liturgy,  41 
Spark  (Mr.),  Poem  on  his  death,  208 
Spearman  (Robert)  of  Old-Acres,  Durham,  169 
Speech,  its  en  I,  by  Sir  Philip  Sidney,  227 


INDEX. 


557 


Speke  and  Bt-kc  families,  86,  156 

Spenser  (Edmund),  the"  Faerie  Queene "  unveiled,  21, 

65,  101,  140,  150,  197,  236,  283 
Spenser  (Sarah),  sister  to  the  poet,  marriage,  373 
Spink  (Charles)  of  Edinburgh,  307 
Spring  Garden  Chapel,  326 
Spurgeon  (C.  H.),  has  studied  Geo.  Herbert,  165 
"  Square  Numbers,"  John  Pell's  work  on,  348 
S.  (S.)  on  Gaspar  de  Navarre,  &c.,  88 

Henry  de  Lacy,  Earl  of  Lincoln,  27 
S.  (S.  D.)  on  bed-gown  and  night-dress,  460 
Stafford  {Mr-)  and  Sir  George  Carcw,  8 
Stage,  the  Collier-Congreve  controversy,  390,  435 
Stamfordiensis  on  piscinas  near  roodlofts,  270,  509 
Stanhope  (Viscount),  arms,  458 
Stapleford  church,  its  monuments  mutilated,286,363,420 
Stature,  human,  164 
"  Ster,"  as  a  termination,  350 
Steamboat,  "  The  Bhicher," 'launched,  450 
Stedmans  (Fabian),  "  Grandsire  Bob,"  496 
Stepmother's  blessings,  492 

Sterne  (Laurence),  a  new  life  of  him  3-53,  400 ;  por- 
traits, 371 ;  noticed,  513 

Sfxvens  (D.  M.),  on  Lieut.-Gen  John  Adlercron,  383 
Beat  tie's  Poems,  319 

Birch  (Mr.  Serjeant),  Cursitor  Baron,  319 
Bonman,  its  meaning,  173 
British  army  in  America  29 
Browne  (Sir  Antliony),  portraits,  529 
Chatham  (Lord)  and  the  Spanish  language,  313 
Cricket,  origin  of  the  game,  186 
End  of  Speech,  227 
Executions  for  murder,  336 
Gun,  an  ancient  engine,  208 
Mining  on  the  shores  of  Lake  Superior,  281 
Paint  and  patches,  303 
Partridge,  the  American,  198 
Saracen's  Head,  origin  of  the  sign,  226 
Sermon  against  Vaccination,  160 
Scoticisms  by  David  Hume,  272 
Serjeants-at-law,  363 
Willes  (Chief-Baron  Edward),  318 
Stewart  (Elizabeth),  "  The  Hindu  Priestess,"  27 
Stewart  (John),  dramatist,  248 
Stewart  (B.  B.)  on  Collier-Congreve  controversy,  435 
Stewart's  Table,  Treatise  on  its  Abuse,  165 
Stir-up  Sunday,  495 
Stob's  cross,  or  fair,  111 
Stone,  laying  the  first  among  the  Romans,  450 
Stonehenge,  ancient  history  of,  248,  277 
Stones,  precious,  108,  155,  218,  317 
Stones,  their  symbols,  248,  440 
Stooky-Sabbath  explained,  286 
Stopboggle,  a  provincialism,  108 
Stork,  a  bird,  sacred  to  Juno,  250 
Storm  signals,  414 

Stradella  (Alessandro),  cantata,  9,  57 
Strut  ford- upon -Avon  town  records,  40 
Stroud  Green  corporation,  211 
Struthers  (Rev.  James),  Scottish  preacher,  500 
Stuart  (Charles  Edward),  grandson  of  James  II.,  his 

Highland  adherents,  392 
Stuart  (Gilbert),  portrait- painter,  149 
Stubbe  (John),  "  Discoverie  of  a  Gaping  Gulf,"  111 
Styhtes  on  Theodolite,  217 
Substantia,  as  used  by  Greek  and  Latin  fathers,  58 


Suffolk  genealogical  histories,  231 

Sugar  tongs  like  a  stork,  70,  250 

Summer  of  1 724,  126 

Sun-dial  at  Bishop.ston  church,  230,  276 

Superior,  Lake,  ancient  mining  on  its  shores,  281 

Supporters,  precedent  for  bearing,  255,  401 

Surnames,  early,  122,  176,  301,  427,  468 

Surnames,  quaint,  163,  333 

Surplice,  its  origin,  359 

Sussex  Archaeological  Collections,  220 

S.  (W.)  on  Pomeroy  family,  498 

Rising  in  the  North,  8 
Sweetmeats,  banquet  of,  476 
S.  (W.  G.)  on  letter  from  Sir  Chris.  Wren,  103 
Swift  family,  of  Rotherham,  arms  on  panels,  8,  75  . 
Swift  (Dean),  supposed  origin  of  "  The  Tale  of  a  Tub," 

5,  55 
Swifte  (E.  L.)  on  "  Merchant  of  Venice,"  202,  264 

Milton,  Schiller,  and  Coleridge,  25 

St.  Patrick  and  the  shamrock,  295 

Swift  family  of  Rotherham,  arms  on  a  panel,  75 
Swing,  name  for  rick-burners,  271,  339,  398,  440,  461 
S.  (VV.  W.)  on  Eliot  family  of  Cornwall,  305 

Folk  lore,  514 

Prayer  for  the  parliament,  212 

Vaughan  (William),  211 

Wake  family,  258 

William,  Earl  of  Gloucester,  248 
Swyfte  (Sir  Robert),  arms  on  a  panel,  8,  75 
Symbolism  in  stones,  248,  440 
Symes  (A.)  on  Bridport,  its  history,  27 
Symonds  (J.  A.)  on  Bealby  family,  393 

T. 

T.  on  the  Douglas  cause,  48 

Titles  borne  by  clergymen,  235 
Tables,  a  game,  230 

T.  (A.  D.)  on  crypt  at  St.  Peter's,  Oxford,  383 
Talaton,  Devon,  churchwardens'  accounts,  104 
Tallack  (William)  on  executions  for  murder,  506 
Tanjibs,  cambric  muslin,  88,  135 
Tavern  signs,  incongruous  ones,  449,  522,  525 
Taylor  (A.  W.)  on  Wassail  beverage,  499 
Taylor  (Joseph),  epitaph  in  Allhallows  Barking,  207 
Tayntyng,  its  meaning,  373,  403 
Tedded  grass,  430,  524 
Teignmouth  (John,  Lord),  motto,  40 
Telegraph,  electric,  and  the  umbrella,  408 
Templars,  wand  of  Grand  Master,'  30",  401,  422 
Tenbury,  Wells,  co.  Worcester,  9 
Teniers  (D.),  allegorical  painting,  459 
Teresa  (St.),  origin  of  the  surname,  412,  460,  481 
Terrier,  the  name  of  a  dog,  126,  300,  335,  460 
Terrify,  meaning  To  shake,  126,  178,  300,  335,  460 
Tewis  (Francis  Antony),  epitaph,  431 
Thames  described  by  Sir  Walter  Scott,  391 
Theobalds,  a  royal  palace,  242,  272 
Theodolite,  its  derivation,  51,  74,  115,  t35,  217 
Theodore,  on  rolling  the  R's  in  pronunciation,  68 

i  Theosopliy,    experimental,   a    singular   relation,    405  ; 
work  on,  463 

I  0  on  heraldic  query,  99 
Theta,  on  British  coins,  111,  197 
Thistle,  origin  of  the  Order  of  the,  444 
T.  (H.  L.)  on  Col.  C.  G.  Tottenham,  M.P.,  17 
Thompson  (Richard),  called  "  Dutch  Thompson.  22  3, 380 


558 


INDEX. 


Thompson  (Rev.  Peter)  of  Whitby,  289,  337,  402 
Thorns  (J.  W.)  on  Albion  Magazine,  &c.,  350 
Thornton  family,  412 

Thornton  (Bonnell),  catalogue  of  his  exhibition  of  Sign- 
boards, 307 

Thrave,  in  agriculture,  explained,  290,  383 
Three  nuns  and  a  hare,  a  tavern  sign,  525 
Throckmorton  (Francis),  noticed,  454 
Throckmorton  (Sir  Nicholas),  biography,  454 
Throckmorton  (Thomas),  biography,  516 
Throwing  the  dart  in  Cork  harbour,  244,  313 
Thumb  Bible,  its  author,  528 
Thynne  (Wm.),  editor  of  Chancer,  18;  his  will,  365, 

439,  505 

Tile  Barn,  origin  of  name,  326 
Till  (W.  J.)  on  legacy  duty,  173 
Tillett  (E.  A.),  on  chartularies  of  Carrow  Abbey,  497 
Timbuctoo,  rhyme  to,  188 
Time  described,  1 7 
Titian,  old  English  criticism  on,  25 
T.  (J.  W.)  on  the  Bowles  family,  437 
Todd  (Dr.  J.  H.)  on  Booterstown,  near  Dublin,  276 
Toison  D'Or,  169,  233,  297 
"  Tom  Tidler's  ground,"  454,  480 
Tombs  (J.)  on  the  locality  of  Hafursfirdi,  250 
Tombstones  and  their  inscriptions,  226,  317 
Tonson  (Jacob),  knocked  down  with  a  folio,  471 
Torchhill  (Darsie)  on  epigrams,  303,  306 
Totnes  (Geo.  Carew,  Earl  of),  and  Baron  Cobham,  228 
Tottenham  (Lieut-Col.  Charles  G.),  M.P.,  17 
Tottenham  (H.  L.)  on  Sir  Charles  Calthrope,  55,  178 
Tower  of  London,  the  traitors'  gate,  66 
"  Town  and  Country  Magazine,"  editor,  &c.  476,  528 
Towns  submerged,  402 
Tradesmen's  marks,  413,  463 
Traitors'  Gate,  Tower  of  London,  66 
Travers  (John),  marriage  with  Sarah  Spenser,  373 
Treacle,  its  derivation,  84,  135,  176,  191,  192 
Treacle  Bible,  327 

Treasurer,  Lord  High,  of  England,  168,  216,  257,  277 
Trebutien  (G.  S.)  on  Marc  de  Vnlson,  &c.,  53 
Treffry  family,  148 
Trench  (Francis)  on  Book- exchange,  79 

Anti-Jacobin  songs  of  the  last  century,  285 
Boating  proverbs,  370 
Collier  (Jeremy)  on  the  Stage,  390 
Diogenes,  his  humour,  471 
Earthquakes,  350 
Laying  the  first  stone,  450 
Revalenta,  its  ingredients,  496 

Trepsack  (Rev.  John)  of  Canterbury  family,  325,  401 
Tretane  on  editions  of  Camden's  Britannia,  109 

Sheriffs  of  Cornwall,  1 7 

Trevelyan  (Mr.),  lines  on  the  battle  of  Bull's  Run,  255 
Trevelyan  (Sir  W.  C.)  on  Lake  dwellings,  147 

Raleigh  arms,  77 

Tri-Milchi,  the  month  of  May,  515 
Trix  (A.  J.)  on  Wm.  Wilberforce's  speech,  131 
Trollop  (Robert),  monument  at  Gateshead,  354,  437 
Trotter  family  of  Prentannan,  99 
Trouveur  (Jean  le)  on  women  burnt  aliva,  4 
T.  (R.  S.)  on  Danish  and  Norwegian  heraldry,  473 

Knitting  song,  205 
Trnjillo,  in  Spain,  inscription,  50,  94 
T.  (S.)  on  Christian  names,  41 6 

Crests  as  family  cognizances,  440 


T.  (S.)  on  Goose  tenure,  461 

Phoenix  family,  440 

Right  to  continue  arms,  312 

Ring  of  Mary  II.,  461 

Tucker  (Alfred)  on  Greek  pronunciation,  1 47 
T.  (W.)  on  quotation  from  Sully's  Memoirs,  277 
Twill,  its  etymology,  30 
Twilled  brims:  floral  crowns,  59 
T.  (W.  J.)on  Boucher  and  Bowden,  325 

Browne  (Sir  Anthony),  portraits,  529 
Tydides,  a  satirical  print,  129,  318 
Tylee  family,  97 

Tynan  purple,  its  discovery,  353,  419 
Tyrrell  de  Leth  on  Mar  family,  352 

U. 

Urn  Elia  =  Amelia,  270,  337 

Unipods:  Musky  H — ,  56 

United  States  and  slavery.  136 

University  degrees,  210,  317 

University  square  cap,  359,  360 

Upper  Eldon  parish,  but  one  inhabitant,  266 

V. 

Vaccination,  Sermons  on,  13,  59,  95,  160,  218 } 
Vallancey  (Dr.),  in  his  "  Essay,"  10 
Vandyke  (Sir  Antony),  portraits  improved,  169 
Vane  (Miss  Anne),  daughter  of  Lord  Barnard,  72 
Vane  (Miss  Anne),  daughter  of  the  Earl  of  Darlington, 

disappointment  in  love.  4,  72 
Vane  (H.  M.)  on  the  two  Miss  Vanes,  72 
Vane  (Sir  Walter),  biography,  302 
Vann  (Geffrey),  monument  at  St.  Peter's,  Dorchester 

434 

Vanghan  (Wm.),  his  works,  211 
Vebna  on  blackguard,  339 

Choak-Jade  at  Newmarket,  483 
Christian  names,  416 
Church  vet:  King,  56 
Dancing  in  slippers,  437 
Grammatical  corruptions,  437 
Knock-out,  its  derivation,  411 
Mutilation  of  sepulchral  monuments,  363 
St.  Mary  Matfelon,  483 
Self-esteem  of  the  English,  497 
Terrier,  a  dog,  335 
V.  (E.)  on  John  Nicholson :  "  Maps,"  376 

Ploughs  in  churches,  18 
Veil  (Sir  Thomas  de),  lines  on,  270 
Veneer  (John),  Rector  of  St.  Andrew,  ChicLester,  his 

death,  354 

Venner  family  of  Bosenden,  130,  175 
Venus,  the  Squinting,  165 
Venus  chastising  Cupid,  200,  259 
Vergil  (Polydore)  on  masquerading  at  Christmas,  487 
Vernon  (Sir  Robert),  marriage  and  death,  476 
Verral  (Charles),  minor  poet,  289 
Via  Dolorosa,  451,  509 
Victoria,  an  Irish  Queen,  206 
Victoria  (Queen),  memorial  to  the  late  Prince  Consort 

at  Balmoral,  45,  217;  residence  at  Bognor,  129 
Vincent  (J.  A.  C.)  on  Bray  family,  173 
Dancing  in  slippers,  504 
Drake  (Sir  F.),  marriage,  189,  241,  330,  502 
Dutch  delf,  410 
Inscription  in  Pere  la  Chaise,  430 


INDEX. 


559 


Vincent  (J.  A.  C.)  on  Marwood  family,  143 

Eooke  family,  157 

Vincent  (Wm.),  Dean  of  Westminster,  epitaph,  232 
Violin,  its  history,  509 
"  Virgini  Paritura?,"  5,  75 
Virginia,  called  Old  Dominion,  76 
Visitations  of  counties  already  printed,  433 
Vitruvius  in  English,  149,  279 
Vixen,  its  derivation,  389,  463 
V.  (S.  P.)  on  English  princes,  their  wives,  259 

Income  of  peers  in  17th  century,  156 

Quarter-master,  carriage-master,  &c.,  29 

Xanton  bishoprick,  254 
Vulson  (Marc  de),  noticed,  53 

W. 

W.  on  Eichard  Champion,  27 

"  By  the  side  of  a  murmuring  stream,"  299 

"  Council  of  Ten,"  35 

Devil,  works  on  the,  479 

Law  of  adultery,  94 

•    Scott's  "  Lay  of  the  Last  Minstrel/'  216 
Wadloe  (Simon  and  John),  207,  403 
Waffers  (Mr.),  minor  poet,  499 
Wake  family  pedigree,  296 
Wake  (Margaret),  wife  of  Edmund  Earl  of  Kent,  188, 

258,  260 

Waldo  family,  136,  199 
Wale,  its  etymology  and  meaning,  26,  120 
Wales,  Prince  of,  crest  at   High  Laver  church,  Essex, 

209,  317;  his  feathers  in  co.  Lincoln,  412 
Wales  (Rev.  Samuel)  of  Morley,  co   York,  476 
Wallace  (Robert),  his  death,  395,  441,  524 
Walloon  church,  Southampton,  499 
Walpole  (Horace),  letter  to  Wm.  Parsons,  284 
Walsall-legged,  a  provincialism,  27,  77,  119 
Walter  (Peter),  satire  on,  348 
Walton  (C.)  on  Experimental  Theosophy,  405 
Warren  (C.  F.  S.)  on  Thomas,  Duke  of  Norfolk,  134 

George  IV. 's  natural  children,  522 
Warwick  (Eden)  on  Ammergau  mystery,  &c.,  473 
Washington  family  pedigree,  231,  279 
Washington  (Joseph),  barrister,  516 
Wassail  beverage,  recipes,  499 
Waterford  gentry  temp.  Elizabeth,  248 
Watershed,  its  derivation,  113,  125 
Watkin  (Thomas),  his  longevity,  370 
Watkins  family  of  Breconshire,  307 
Watson  of  Lofthouse,  Yorkshire,  515 
Watts  (Robert),  Cambridge  bookseller,  376,  377 
Wax-work  exhibitions,  373 
W.  (C.)  on  a  satirical  ballad,  271 

Christian  names,  416 

Nelson  (Lord)  on  Sardinia,  288 

Eipon,  custom  at,  378 
Webber  (E.  C.  I.)  on  St.  Brannock,  29 
Webster  (John),  date  of  the  "  Devil's  Law  Case,"  225 
Wedding  sermons,  list  of,  354 
Weedon  (Francis  Charles),  minor  poet,  516 
Wellington  a  cannibal,  412,  461,  526 
Wemyss  (Miss  Betty),  the  Squinting  Venus,  165 
Wenlock  (John  Lord),  family,  &c  ,326,  436 
Westall  (Richard),  the  original  of  "  The  Woodman,"  392 
Weston,  church  of  St.  Mary  of  the  Annunciation,  168 
Wetwang  (Wm.),  mayor  of  Richmond,  476 
W.  (H  )  on  Baal  worship,  318 


W.  (H.)  on  De  la  Tour  d'Auvergne.  474 

Monogram  of  Constantine,  403 
Whately  (Abp.),  his  table-talk,  433 
Whist  players,  celebrated,  246 

Whitechapel,  alias  St.  Mary  Matfelon,  5,  75,  419,  483 
Whitehall,  banqueting-house,  196;  plan  of  its  ruins  in 

1718,  29,  94,  198 
Whitehall  !  a  war  cry,  188 

Whiting  (Abbot),  shoeing-horn,  472;  his  watch,  59 
Whitmore  (W.  H.)  on  American  slavery,  136 

Cranmer  family,  480 

Fitzgerald  (Mr.),  his  Poems,  27 

Praed's  Poems,  57 

Waldo  family,  136 

Whitstable  church,  date  of  erection,  290 
Whityng  (Christine),  of  Burneham,  his  will,  124 
Wicklifle  (John),  «•  the  Morning  Star  of  the  Reforma- 
tion," 451 

Wife-selling,  450;  in  Gloucestershire,  324 
Wigton  (Charles  Ross  Fleming,  Earl  of),  an  M.D.,  219 
Wilberforce  (Wm.),  speech  on  the  slave  trade,  131 
Wilbraham  (Sir  Roger),  biography,  380 
Wilkinson  (Rev.  Joseph),  biography,  370 
Willard  (David),  residence,  288 
Willes  (Chief  Baron  Edward),  318,  378 
Willes  (Judge  Edward),  318,  378 
William  III.,  conspiracies  against  him,  230,  300 
Williams  (Roger),  works,  477 
Williams  (Taliesin)  ab  lolo,  his  works,  326 
Willis  of  Kirkoswald,  co  Cumberland,  396 
Wills,  Somersetshire,  125 

Wills  (W.  H.)  on  the  Balmoral  memorial  cairn,  217 
Winchelsea  (Emily  Georgiana,  Countess  of),  epitaph,  267 
Winchester  School,  its  history  and  traditions,  454 
Windham  (Rt.  Hon.  William),  noticed,  501 
Wing  (Wm.)  on  North  Aston,  co.  Oxford,  204 
Winkfield  parish  registers,  164 

Winniugton   (Sir  T.  E.)  on  carved  head  in  Astley 
church,  228 

Barefoot  (John),  Oxford  letter  carrier,  434 

Christian  names,  525 

Cowthorp  oak,  119 

Fox  the  tinker,  128 

"  Gannyrnede,"  a  poem,  411 

Incomes  of  peers,  253 

Marchpane,  a  sweetmeat,  476 

Peat-bogs,  394 

Tenbury  Wells,  co.  Worcester,  9 
Witchcraft,  last  execution  for.  508 
Wither  (George),  lines  on  Ganymede,  411,  523 
W.  (J.)  on  Dr.  Joseph  Hunter,  278 

Inglott  family,  "l 48 

"  Loves  of  an  Apothecary,"  its  author,  292 

Milton  (John),  verses  attributed  to  him,  432 

Pamphlet,  its  derivation,  379,  482 
W.  (J.  F.)  on  Mrs   Fitzherbert,  522 
W.  (J.  G.)  on  Guido  Fawkes,  313 
W.  (J.  J.)  on  the  Knights  Hospitallers,  190,  212 
Wmson  (S.)  on  anonymous  work,  472 

Daft  Island  Laird,  473 

W.  (N.)  on  Roman  consistory  on  Henry  VIII.,  270 
Wollaston  (Rev.  Wm.),  usher  of  the  Birmingham  Free 

Grammar  School,  389 
Wolsey  (Cardinal),  arms,  94;  foundation  stone  of  his 

college  at  Ipswich,  248 
Women  burnt  alive,  4 


560 


INDEX. 


"  Wonder  of  all  Wonders,"  njeu  d 'esprit,  494 
Wood  (E.  J.)  on  Bhagavadgita,  238 
Bush  houses,  258 
History  of  Clerkenwell,  211 
Liston  the  actor,  145 
•e  ;    Porter,  where  first  sold,  1 89 

Warden  of  the  Cinque  Ports,  177 
Wood  Street  Counter  Chapel,  326 
Woodward  (J.)  on  Austrian  motto,  304 
Bastard  family,  250 
Blount  family  of  Bitton,  228 
Coronets  used  by  the  French  noblesse,  437 
Crests,  use  of  several,  438 
Figures  in  stones,  317 
Fleur-de-lis  forbidden  in  France,  187 
French  Legend:  La  Melusine,  240 
Heraldic:  right  to  continue  arms,  312 
Kaiser-Saal  at  Frankfort,  352 
Kastner,  or  Castner  arms,  256 
Mediatised  German  princes,  230    ^' 
Patrician  families  of  Louvain,  168 
Pizarro,  arms  of,  315 
Prince  Imperial  a  son  of  St.  Louis,  306 
Raleigh  arms  and  supporters,  255 
Rubens  (Peter  Paul),  218 
St.  Anthony's  sermon,  331 
St.  Germain,  177 
St.  George,  his  heart,  411 
Scandinavian  heraldry,  528 
Toisond'Or,  169,  297 
Volcano  in  the  Isle  of  Reunion,  298 
Wand  of  Grand  Masters  of  Templars,  401 
"  Woolsonbury  Nymphs,"  its  author,  373 
Woodward  (R.  J.)  on  newspapers,  397 
Worcester  and  Worcestershire  antiquities,  60 
Worcester  battle,  lists  of  officers,  189 
"  Worcester  Journal,"  its  establishment,  38 
Worcester  theatre  in  1767,  44 
Words  misused,  407,  461 
Workard  (J.  J.  B.)  on  Alfeknight,  325 
Angelic  vision  of  the  dying,  435 
Baptism  of  bells,  3S1 
Boadicea,  a  tragedy,  139 
Caltlirope  (Sir  Charles),  140 
Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer,  257 
Christian  mystery  of  the  llth  century,  489 
Contracts,  421 

Davidson  (Lucretia  Maria),  139 
Dis  Veil  (Sir  Thomas),  270 
Devil,  iconography  of  the,  479 
Exchequer,  139 

Exempt  jurisdiction  of  Newry  and  Mourne,  422 
Hentzner's  visit  to  England,  428 
Imprint,  curious,  184 
Knighthood:  Miles,  Eques,  &c.,  179 
Mayors  and  provosts,  247 
Pope's  Universal  Prayer  in  Latin,  421 
Proverb,  59 


Workard  (J.  B.)  on  Record  Commission  publications,  177 
Rhymes  to  Dickens  and  Thackeray,  318 
St.  Patrick  and  venomous  creatures,  179 
Shakspeare  jubilee,  367 
Titles  borne  by  clenrvmcn,  179,  296 
Workman  (Mr.),  heraldic  MSS.,  499 
Wotton  (Sir  Henry),  his  "Crystal  Sexangular,"  70 
W.  (R.)  on  origin  of  the  word  Bigot,  39 

Sanderson  (Rev.  Anthony  Nourse),  515 
W.  (Richard)  ou  Cromwellian  grants,  305 
Wren  (Sir  Chris.),  letter  respecting  Portland  stone,  103 
Wright  (Robert)  on  origin  of  horse  police,  74 
Wright  (Dr.  Samuel),  minister  of  Carter  Lane,  231 
Wright  (W.  A  )  on  "  All's  Well  that  Ends  Well,"  203 
W.  (T.  T.)  on  Garnier's  work  on  Transversals,  268 
Wyatt  (T.),  dramatist,  248 

X. 

Xanton,  or  Saintes,  a  bishoprick,  187,  254 
Ximenez  (Cardinal),  and  the  Mozarabic  liturgy,  41;  ori- 
ginator of  a  popular  library,  409 
XP.  on  Duke  of  Kingston's  regiment,  1745,  269 

Mutilation  of  sepulchral  monuments,  287 

Nottinghamshire  incumbents,  269 

Nottingham  probate  court,  289 
X.  (X.)  on  Ranulph  de  Mescbines,  307 

St.  Peter's-in-the-East,  Oxford,  307 

Tydides,  318 
X.  (X.  A.)  on  the  black  hole  of  Calcutta,  133 

Bowden  (Rev.  John),  of  Frome,  504 

Punishment  of  beggars  at  Bath,  47 

Whiting  (Abbot),  his  watch,  59 

Y. 

Yates  (J.)  on  St.  Mary  of  the  Annunciation,  168 

Yealand  and  Ashton,  near  Lancaster,  74 

Year  Books,  1 1 ;  temp.  Edward  I.,  220 

Yeowell  (James)  on  the  Hudibrastic  couplet,  61 
Oxford  (Edward  Harley,  2nd  Earl  of),  286 
"  Pallas  Armata,"  not  an  heraldic  work,  418 

Y.  (J.)  on  the  wills  of  Abp.  Harsnet  and  Bp.  Ken,  3 

Y —  (Jean)  on  Amelia,  337 

Scottish  saints  unknown,  362 

Yorath  (Ivan),  his  longevity,  370 

York  House  Water-gate,  Buckingham  Street,  108, 173 

York  Place,  the  residence  of  the  Chancellors,  449 

Yorkshire  words  and  phrases,  108 

Ycung  (Anthony),  supposed  author  of  "  God  save  the 
King,"  327,  417 

Yuste,  (St.);  77 


Zacutus  (Abr  ),  a  Spanish  Jew,  374 
Zadkiel's  crystal  ball,  108,  155,  218 
Zigabenus  (Euthymius),  and  the  Mauichseans,  169, 

279,  458 

Zincography,  list  of  its  reproductions,  290,  339 
Zonaras  (Joannes),  the  Cosmogony  of,  38 


END   OF   THE   FOURTH   VOLUME — THIRD   SERIES. 


Printed  by  GEORGE  ANDREW  SPOTTISWOODE,  at  5  New-street  Square,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  County  of  Middlesex! 
ami  Published  by  WILLIAM  GREIG  SMITH,  of  32  Wellington  Street, Strand,  in  the  said,  County ,-Saturdov,  January  16, 1861. 


AG 
305 

M7    . 


Notes  and  queries 
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